Biology, life sciences Books

Book SynopsisWhat''s the effect of osmosis on a raisin? How is water transported through plant stems? What''s the best way to grow penicillin? How are butterflies different from moths? Now you can discover answers to these and other fascinatingquestions about biologythe study of living organisms. In Biologyfor Every Kid, you''ll learn how to talk with fireflies, watchbacteria wage war in a glass of milk, discover how to tell thetemperature by counting cricket chirps, and find out how an appleand an onion can taste the same. Each of the 101 experiments is broken down into its purpose, a listof materials, step-by-step instructions, expected results, and aneasy to understand explanation. Every activity has been pretestedand can be performed safely and inexpensively in the classroom orat home.Table of ContentsI. Experiments For The Beginning Biologist: The World of Plants 7 II. Experiments In The Animal Kingdom: Introductory Zoology 79 III. Experiments That Teach Us About Ourselves: The Amazing Humanbody 143 Glossary 215 Index 219

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Book SynopsisA detailed analysis of acidification effects on forest soil, rhizosphere and plant life and on the processes connecting them such as nutrient uptake and mineral cycling.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Nutrient and Acid-Base Budget of Central European Forest Ecosystems(B. Ulrich). Aluminum Biogeochemistry in the ALBIOS Forest Ecosystems: The Roleof Acidic Deposition in Aluminum Cycling (C. Cronan). Effects of Acid Deposition on Soil Organisms and DecompositionProcesses (V. Wolters & M. Schaefer). Humus Disintegration and Nitrogen Mineralization (J. Eichhorn &A. Hutterman). Relationships of Acid Deposition and Sulfur Dioxide with ForestDiseases (J. Worrall). Aluminum and Heavy Metal Stress: From the Rhizosphere to the WholePlant (D. Godbold). Effects of Pollutants and Environmental Stress on the Morphology ofDeciduous Trees and on the Ground Vegetation (A. Roloff). Index.

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Book SynopsisRevised and updated in accordance with modern taxonomic proposals, this edition offers a well--documented, logical and clear explanation of the structure and classification of fungi along with an introduction to physiological, biochemical, genetic and ecological data. The taxonomic approach provides a framework with predictive value.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Kingdom Fungi: Introduction to the Fungi and Their Significance to Humans. Characteristics of the Fungi. Phylum Chytridiomycota. Phylum Zygomycota: Class Zygomycetes. Phylum Ascomycota: Introduction to Ascomycetes. Phylum Ascomycota: Archiascomycetes. Phylum Ascomycota: Filamentous Ascomycetes-Order Eurotiales and Related Species. Phylum Basidiomycota: Order Agaricales-The Mushrooms. Phylum Basidiomycota: Order Uredinales-The Rust Fungi. Phylum Oomycota. Phylum Hypochytriomycota. Phylum Acrasiomycota: Acrasid Cellular Slime Molds. Phylum Myxomycota: True Slime Molds. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisDevelops an introductory and relatively simple account of the theory and application of the evolutionary type of stochastic process. Professor Bailey adopts the heuristic approach of applied mathematics and develops both theoretical principles and applied techniques simultaneously.Table of ContentsGenerating Functions. Recurrent Events. Random Walk Models. Markov Chains. Discrete Branching Processes. Markov Processes in Continuous Time. Homogeneous Birth and Death Processes. Some Non-Homogeneous Processes. Multi-Dimensional Processes. Queueing Processes. Epidemic Processes. Competition and Predation. Diffusion Processes. Approximations to Stochastic Processes. Some Non-Markovian Processes. References. Solutions to Problems. Indices.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: Excitable Membranes; Synaptic Transmission and Modulation (C. Prosser). Animal Movement (C. Prosser). Bioluminescence (J. Hastings & J. Morin). Mechanoreception and Phonoreception (A. Feng & J. Hall). Electric Organs and Electroreceptors (A. Feng). Chemoreception (E. Meisami). Circadian Rhythms: The Physiology of Biological Timing (J.Hastings, et al.). Central Nervous Systems (F. Delcomyn, et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisDesigned to enable newcomers to electrophysiology to choose appropriate preparations and techniques for in vitro studies in vertebrate neurobiology. Emphasizes techniques involving the glass micropipette and other recently developed methods, supplementing easy-to-follow instructions with illustrative schemes, examples of original records, photomicrographs, key word listings, comprehensive reference tables and a list of suppliers and key equipment and reagents.Table of ContentsArrangement of Electrophysiological Set-Ups. Preparations for Electrophysiological Experiments in vitro. Electrical and Chemical Stimulation Techniques. Electrodes for Recording. Recording Modes. Dye and Substance Injection. Special Applications. Storage of Data. Appendix.

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Book SynopsisThis guide provides a comprehensive synthesis of proven methods for the culture and experimental manipulation of haemopoietic cells. Covering a range of human and mouse cell types, and featuring step-by-step laboratory procedures, it gives detailed instructions for reagent preparation.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: PRIMITIVE PROGENITOR ASSAYS. Cobblestone Area Forming Cell (CAFC) Assay (R. Ploemacher). Assay for Murine Blast Cell Colonies (N. Katayama & M.Ogawa). Serum-Deprived Cultures of Primary Hematopoietic Cells (G.Migliaccio & A. Migliaccio). COLONY-FORMING ASSAYS FOR MALIGNANT CELLS. Colony-Forming Assays for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (S. Rogers, etal.). LONG-TERM ASSAYS AND IMMORTALIZATION. Long-Term Culture of Human Myeloid Cells (H. Sutherland & C.Eaves). Immortalization of Hematopoietic Cells (C. MacDonald). PURIFICATION OF PROGENITOR CELLS. Purification of Murine Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells(CFU-GM) Using Counterflow Centrifugal Elutriation (S. Cooper &H. Broxmeyer). OTHER SYSTEMS AND ASSAYS. Culture of Human and Mouse Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (S. Perkins& R. Fleischman). List of Suppliers. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis volume on autoreactivity includes discussion of all major autoimmune diseases, animal models of autoimmune diseases, potential new approaches to the therapy of autoimmune disease, regulation of the immune system, tolerance to self-antigens and naturally-occurring autoantibodies.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: PHYSIOLOGICAL AUTOREACTIVITY. Autoimmunity Today (A. Coutinho & M. Kazatchkine). Light Chain Variable Region Gene Repertoire in Human Autoantibodies(K. Victor & J. Capra). Stimulation of T and B Cells (J. Andersson, et al.). Lymphocyte Population Kinetics: A Cellular Competition Model (A.Freitas & B. Rocha). Tolerance and Autoimmunity in the Peripheral T-Cell Repertoire (J.Miller). Autoimmunity and Idiotypic Networks (J. Stewart). AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE. Boundaries Between Physiological Autoreactivity and PathologicalAutoimmunity (M. Kazatchkine & A. Coutinho). Immunological Disturbances Responsible for Graves' Disease (J.Dwyer). Is Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis a Model of MultipleSclerosis? (E. Heber-Katz). Immunodeficiency and Autoimmunity (F. Rosen). Autoimmunity Tomorrow (A. Coutinho & M. Kazatchkine). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis volume offers an examination of the role of microbiological processes related to environmental deterioration. Emphasizing new approaches, the book investigates the complex microbial processes involved in contamination and the methods of pollution control.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Bacteria in the Greenhouse: Modeling the Role of Oceanic Planktonin the Global Carbon Cycle (H. Ducklow & M. Fasham). Effect of Acid Rain on Soil Microbial Processes (D. Myroid & G.Nason). Transport of Pathogens Through Soils and Aquifers (G. Bitton &R. Harvey). Control of Enteric Pathogens in Developing Countries (S.Cairncross). Molecular Approaches to Environmental Management (B. Olson &Y.-L. Tsai). Bioremediation of Organic Contaminants in the Subsurface (E.Bouwer). Microbial Control of Plant Diseases (A. Sivan & I. Chet). Microbial Desulfurization of Coal (P. Bos, et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis updated, streamlined, generously illustrated Fifth Edition of the classic text combines comparative vertebrate anatomy and embryology into one easy reference source. Provides an overview of vertebrate evolution, a preview of vertebrate embryology, six chapters on vertebrate development, and then goes through each organ system from both a morphogenesis and comparative anatomy standpoint. Also includes extensive discussions of vertebrate evolution, a large section on developmental preliminaries, an extensive glossary and a new bibliography.Table of ContentsPANORAMA. History of the Human Body. Ancestry and History of the Vertebrates. A Preview of Embryogeny. DEVELOPMENTAL PRELIMINARIES. The Gametes. Fertilization. Cleavage and Gastrulation: General Considerations. Cleavage and Germ Layer Formation in Ascidians Amphioxus, andAmphibians. Avian Cleavage and Germ Layer Formation. Early Human Development and Placentation. MORPHOGENESIS OF ORGAN SYSTEMS. The Skin and Its Derivatives. The Skeleton. The Muscular System. The Alimentary Canal and Its Derivatives. The Coelom and Mesenteries. The Urogenital System. The Circulatory System. The Nervous System and Sense Organs. General References. Supplemental Readings. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisFunctional genomics is the use of genetic information to design drugs. The ability to gather genetic data in the form of complete genetic sequences for certain organisms, has accelerated to astonishing speeds, reflecting the equally astonishing growth of information-gathering technologies.Trade Review"It does successfully convey to the reader areas of controversy" (Microbiology Today, November 2001) "there are a number of nuggets in the book that make it worth a browse." (Pharmaceutical Physician, December 2001) "I found this book fun to read." (Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Education, No.29 2001) "Contributors...present 17 papers and the discussions they generated at the symposium." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 25, No. 4, December 2001)Table of ContentsIntroduction (J. Venter). Electrophoresis-Based Fluorescent Dideoxy-Terminator Sequencing (J. Efcavitch). Genomic Impact on Pharmaceutical Development (J. Venter). From Transcription Regulation to Cell Cycle Checkpoint (R. Cai, et al.). Mass Spectrometry Resurrects Protein-Approaches in Functional Genomics (M. Mann). A Clinical Molecular Scanner to Study Human Proteome Complexity (D. Hochstrasser, et al.). From Proteomics to Functional Analysis (J. van Oostrum, et al.). Microbial Genome Sequencing: New Insights into Physiology and Evolution (C. Fraser). Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics in the Discovery and Development of Medicines (A. Roses). Mutagenesis and Genomics in the Mouse: Towards Systematic Studies of Mammalian Gene Function (S. Brown). Biological Annotation of the Drosophila Genome Sequence (G. Rubin). Applications of High-Density Oligonucleotide Arrays (R. Lipshutz). Plasmodium Falciparum: From Genomic Sequence to Vaccines and Drugs (S. Hoffman & D. Carucci). Functional Analysis of the Yeast Genome by Precise Deletion and Parallel Phenotypic Characterization (E. Winzeler, et al.). Patenting Genes and Gene Therapy: Legal and Ethical Aspects (J. Straus). Ethical Issues: From Genome to Therapy (D. Magnus). The Impact of Genomics on Drug Discovery (P. Goodfellow). From Genome to Therapy: Industry Perspective (P. Herrling). Final General Discussion. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisFundamentals of Light Microscopy and Electronic Imaging, Second Edition provides a coherent introduction to the principles and applications of the integrated optical microscope system, covering both theoretical and practical considerations.Trade Review“This should be provided to all beginning graduate students entering microscopy labs. It describes the complicated hardware of the system, while also explaining the physics principles of microscopy on a simplistic level for basic biologists. The authors achieve a perfect balance of theory and methods.” (Doody’s, 15 November 2013) “It should be particularly useful to researchers getting started in the field of microscopy as well as seasoned professionals. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Graduate students, researchers/faculty, and professionals/practitioners.” (Choice, 1 October 2013) “In summary, Fundamentals of Light Microscopy, Second Edition is a recommended starting point for the novice in microscopy and electronic imaging.” (Journal of Biomedical Optics, 1 February 2013)Table of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgments xii 1. Fundamentals of Light Microscopy 1 Overview 1 Optical Components of the Light Microscope 1 Aperture and Image Planes in a Focused, Adjusted Microscope 5 Note: Objectives, Eyepieces, and Eyepiece Telescopes 6 Koehler Illumination 9 Adjusting the Microscope for Koehler Illumination 9 Note: Summary of Steps for Koehler Illumination 11 Note: Focusing Oil Immersion Objectives 14 Fixed Tube Length versus Infinity Optical Systems 15 Precautions for Handling Optical Equipment 16 Care and Maintenance of the Microscope 17 Exercise: Calibration of Magnification 17 2. Light and Color 21 Overview 21 Light as a Probe of Matter 21 The Dual Particle- and Wave-Like Nature of Light 25 The Quality of Light 26 Properties of Light Perceived by the Eye 27 Physical Basis for Visual Perception and Color 28 Addition and Subtraction Colors 30 Exercise: Complementary Colors 32 3. Illuminators, Filters, and the Isolation of Specific Wavelengths 35 Overview 35 Illuminators and Their Spectra 35 Illuminator Alignment and Bulb Replacement 41 Demonstration: Spectra of Common Light Sources 41 Demonstration: Aligning a 100-W Mercury Arc Lamp in an Epi-Illuminator 43 Filters for Adjusting the Intensity and Wavelength of Illumination 45 Effects of Light on Living Cells 50 4. Lenses and Geometrical Optics 53 Overview 53 Reflection and Refraction of Light 53 Image Formation by a Simple Lens 56 Note: Real and Virtual Images 57 Rules of Ray Tracing for a Simple Lens 58 Object–Image Math 58 The Principal Aberrations of Lenses 62 Designs and Specifications of Objectives 65 Condensers 71 Oculars 72 Microscope Slides and Coverslips 73 The Care and Cleaning of Optics 73 Exercise: Constructing and Testing an Optical Bench Microscope 76 5. Diffraction and Interference in Image Formation 79 Overview 79 Diffraction and Interference 80 The Diffraction Image of a Point Source of Light 83 The Constancy of Optical Path Length between Object and Image 85 Demonstration: Viewing the Airy Disk with a Pinhole Aperture 85 Effect of Aperture Angle on Diffraction Spot Size 87 Diffraction by a Grating and Calculation of Its Line Spacing, D 89 Demonstration: The Diffraction Grating 93 Abbé’s Theory for Image Formation in the Microscope 94 A Diffraction Pattern Is Formed in the Rear Aperture of the Objective 97 Demonstration: Observing the Diffraction Image in the Rear Focal Plane of a Lens 98 Preservation of Coherence: Essential Requirement for Image Formation 99 Exercise: Diffraction by Microscope Specimens 101 6. Diffraction and Spatial Resolution 103 Overview 103 Numerical Aperture 103 Spatial Resolution 105 Depth of Field and Depth of Focus 109 Optimizing the Microscope Image: A Compromise between Spatial Resolution and Contrast 109 Exercise: Resolution of Striae in Diatoms 112 7. Phase Contrast Microscopy and Darkfield Microscopy 115 Overview 115 Phase Contrast Microscopy 115 The Behavior of Waves from Phase Objects in Brightfield Microscopy 119 Exercise: Determination of the Intracellular Concentration of Hemoglobin in Erythrocytes by Phase Immersion Refractometry 128 Darkfield Microscopy 129 Exercise: Darkfield Microscopy 133 8. Properties of Polarized Light 135 Overview 135 The Generation of Polarized Light 135 Demonstration: Producing Polarized Light with a Polaroid Filter 137 Polarization by Reflection and Scattering 139 Vectorial Analysis of Polarized Light Using a Dichroic Filter 139 Double Refraction in Crystals 142 Demonstration: Double Refraction by a Calcite Crystal 144 Kinds of Birefringence 145 Propagation of O and E Wavefronts in a Birefringent Crystal 146 Birefringence in Biological Specimens 148 Generation of Elliptically Polarized Light by Birefringent Specimens 149 9. Polarization Microscopy 153 Overview 153 Optics of the Polarizing Microscope 155 Adjusting the Polarizing Microscope 156 Appearance of Birefringent Objects in Polarized Light 157 Principles of Action of Retardation Plates and Three Popular Compensators 158 Demonstration: Making a λ-Plate from a Piece of Cellophane 162 Exercise: Determination of Molecular Organization in Biological Structures Using a Full Wave Plate Compensator 167 10. Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy and Modulation Contrast Microscopy 173 Overview 173 The DIC Optical System 173 Demonstration: The Action of a Wollaston Prism in Polarized Light 179 Modulation Contrast Microscopy 190 Exercise: DIC Microscopy 194 11. Fluorescence Microscopy 199 Overview 199 Applications of Fluorescence Microscopy 201 Physical Basis of Fluorescence 202 Properties of Fluorescent Dyes 205 Demonstration: Fluorescence of Chlorophyll and Fluorescein 206 Autofluorescence of Endogenous Molecules 211 Demonstration: Fluorescence of Biological Materials under UV Light 213 Fluorescent Dyes and Proteins in Fluorescence Microscopy 213 Arrangement of Filters and the Epi-Illuminator in the Fluorescence Microscope 218 Objectives and Spatial Resolution in Fluorescence Microscopy 224 Causes of High Fluorescence Background 225 The Problem of Bleedthrough with Multiply Stained Specimens 227 Quenching, Blinking, and Photobleaching 228 Examining Fluorescent Molecules in Living Cells 230 12. Fluorescence Imaging of Dynamic Molecular Processes 233 Overview 233 Modes of Dynamic Fluorescence Imaging 234 Förster Resonance Energy Transfer 236 Applications 244 Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching 245 TIRF Microscopy: Excitation by an Evanescent Wave 252 Advanced and Emerging Dynamic Fluoresence Techniques 261 13. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy 265 Overview 265 The Optical Principle of Confocal Imaging 267 Demonstration: Isolation of Focal Plane Signals with a Confocal Pinhole 271 Advantages of CLSM over Widefield Fluorescence Systems 273 Criteria Defining Image Quality and the Performance of an Electronic Imaging System 275 Confocal Adjustments and Their Effects on Imaging 277 Photobleaching 286 General Procedure for Acquiring a Confocal Image 286 Performance Check of a Confocal System 288 Fast (Real-Time) Imaging in Confocal Microscopy 288 Spectral Analysis: A Valuable Enhancement for Confocal Imaging 295 Optical Sectioning by Structured Illumination 297 Deconvolution Microscopy 298 Exercise: Effect of Confocal Variables on Image Quality 304 14. Two-photon Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy 307 Overview 307 The Problem of Photon Scattering in Deep Tissue Imaging 308 Two-Photon Excitation Is a Nonlinear Process 309 Localization of Excitation 314 Why Two-Photon Imaging Works 317 Resolution 318 Equipment 319 Three-Photon Excitation 325 Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy 326 15. Superresolution Imaging 331 Overview 331 The RESOLFT Concept 333 Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy 334 Structured Illumination Microscopy 343 Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) Microscopy: Superresolution by PSF Engineering 349 16. Imaging Living Cells with the Microscope 357 Overview 357 Labeling Strategies for Live-Cell Imaging 358 Control of Illumination 361 Control of Environmental Conditions 365 Optics, Detectors, and Hardware 372 Evaluating Live-Cell Imaging Results 384 Exercise: Fluorescence Microscopy of Living Tissue Culture Cells 384 17. Fundamentals of Digital Imaging 389 Overview 389 The Charge-Coupled Device (CCD Imager) 390 CCD Designs 396 Note: Interline CCD Imagers: The Design of Choice for Biomedical Imaging 398 Back-Thinned Sensors 398 EMCCD Cameras: High Performance Design for Greatest Sensitivity 399 Scientific CMOS: The Next Generation of Scientific Imagers 400 Camera Variables Affecting CCD Readout and Image Quality 401 Six Terms Define Imaging Performance 404 Aliasing 409 Color Cameras 410 Exercise: Evaluating the Performance of a CCD Camera 411 18. Digital Image Processing 415 Overview 415 Preliminaries: Image Display and Data Types 416 Histogram Adjustment 417 Adjusting Gamma (γ) to Create Exponential LUTs 421 Flat-Field Correction 421 Image Processing With Filters 425 Signal-to-Noise Ratio 432 The Use of Color 438 Images as Research Data and Requirements for Scientific Publication 442 Exercise: Flat-Field Correction and Determination of S/N Ratio 448 Appendix A: Answer Key to Exercises 451 Appendix B: Materials for Demonstrations and Exercises 455 Appendix C: Sources of Materials for Demonstrations and Exercises 463 Glossary 465 Microscopy Web Resources 509 Recommended Reading 521 References 523 Index 531

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Book SynopsisPrinciples of Mass Spectrometry Applied to Biomolecules teaches readers how to use what they know about Mass Spectrometry's advantages and limitations to develop novel ways of using the technique for the analysis of proteins and other biomolecules.Trade Review"this is a very impressive volume, which I recommend to anyone interested in fundamental principles governing peptide and protein ion behavior in the gas phase." (Journal of the American Chemical Society, April 4, 2007) "...the book is well written with numerous companion figures and tables and extensive up-to-date references..." (Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, April 2007)Table of ContentsContributors. Preface. STRUCTURES AND DYNAMICS OF GAS-PHASE BIOMOLECULES. 1. Spectroscopy of neutral Peptides in the Gas Phase-Structure, Reactivity, Microsolvation, Molecular Recognition (M. Gerhards). 2. Probing the Electronic Structure of Fe-S Clusters Using Anoin Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Ubiquitous Electron Transfer Centers in Metalloproteins (X. Yang, et al.). 3. Ion/Molecule Reactions and H/D Exchange for Structural Characterization of Biomolecules (M. Green & C. Lebrilla). 4. Understanding Protein Interactions and their Representation in the Gas Phase of the Mass Spectrometer (F. Sobott & C. Robinson). 5. Protein Structure and Folding in the Gas Phase: Ubiquitin and Cytochrome c (K. Breuker). 6. Dyunamical Simulations of Photoionization of Small Biological Molecules (D. Shemesh & R. Gerber). 7. IVR and Ergodicity of Dissociation of Bio-Molecules (C. Lifshitz). PART II: ACTIVATION, DISSOCIATION AND REACTIVITY. 8. Mechanisms of Peptide Fragmentation (V. Wysocki, et al.). 9. Peptide Radical Cations (A. Hopkinson & K. Siu). 10. Photodissociation of Biomolecule Ions: Progress, Possibilities, and the Perspectives Coming From Small-Ion Models (R. Dunbar). 11. Chemical Dynamics Simulations of EnergyTransfer and Unimolecular Decomposition in Collision-Induced Dissociation (CID) and Surface-Induced Dissociation (SID) (A. Rahaman, et al.). 12. Ion Soft Landing: Instrumentation, Phenomena and Applications (B. Gologan, et al.). 13. Electron Capture Dissociation and Other Ion-electron Fragmentation Reactions (R. Zubarev). 14. Biomolecule Ion/Ion Reactions (S. McLuckey). PART III: THERMOCHEMISTRY AND ENERGETICS. 15. Thermochemistry Studies of Biomolecules (C. Wesdemiotis). 16. Energy and Entropy Effects in the Gas Phase Dissociation of Peptides and Proteins (J. Laskin). Index.

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Book SynopsisMany researchers believe that GSK-3 and its inhibitors could lead to effective treatments for neurogenerative disorders, type II diabetes, depression and bipolar disorder, and some forms of cancer. This book provides a thorough introduction to GSK-3, presents up-to-date information, and mentions the birth of several chemical families of GSK-3 inhibitors with varying selectivity. It's a great reference for researchers in drug design and development.Table of ContentsForeword: The Origins of GSK-3. Preface. Acknowledgments. Contributors. Abbreviations. PART I: CELLULAR FUNCTIONS OF GSK-3. 1. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 - an Introductory Synopsis . 2. Glycogen-Synthase-Kinase-β (GSK-3β) a Key Signaling Enzyme: A Developmental Neurobiological Perspective. 3. Role of GSK3/Shaggy in neuronal cell biology. 4. The Crystal Structures of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3. 5. Kinase-Kinase and Site-Site Interactions in the Phosphorylation of Tau by GSK-3. PART II: GSK3 AS A THERAPEUTIC TARGET IN HUMAN PATHOLOGY. 6. GSK-3, a Key Player in Alzheimer’s Disease. 7. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3: A Target for Novel Mood Disorder Treatments. 8. GSK3 and Stem Cells. 9. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3: role in Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection. 10. Protein Kinase Inhibitors. Assay Development. 11. Animal Models with Modified Expression of GSK-3 for the Study of Its Physiology and of Its Implications in Human Pathologies. PART III: GSK-3 INHIBITORS: DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL. 12. Lithium, the Seminal GSK3 Inhibitor. 13. Inhibition of GSK3 as Therapeutic Strategy in Disease: Efficacy of AR-A014418. 14. TDZD’s: Selective And ATP Non Competitive Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitors. 15. 3-Amino Pyrazoles as Potent and Selective Glycogen Synthase (GSK-3) Inhibitors. 16. Marine compounds as a new source for Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitors. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis is a collection of fundamental and specific applied procedures in cell and tissue culture which form the basis of the new medical techniques of tissue engineering and gene therapy.Trade Review"it will be of great value to researchers who require practical guidance for application of cell culture, tissue engineering, and gene therapy." (European Jnl of Orthodontics, Vol 23/1, 2001) "...The book represents good value for the price and presents many insights..." (Cell Biology International, August 2002)Table of ContentsBasic Laboratory Set-Up and Procedures. Specialized Techniques. Cell Characterization and Analysis. Cell Line Derivation Methods. Modern Clinical Applications of Cultured Cells. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis publication addresses key governance issues in the management of development, drawing seminal papers from the 1999 Jubilee conference proceedings of the journal Public Administration and Development. It provides a review of the state-of-the-art.Table of ContentsPERSPECTIVES: THE DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE AGENDA. The Last Fifty Years and the Next Fifty Years: A Century of PublicAdministration and Development (P. Collins). Combining Good Fortune and Careful Planning in Botswana: Lessons ofSuccess in Presidential Leadership (K. Masire). Challenges before Policy-Makers and Service Providers (P.Sundaram). Globalisation: Threat or Opportunity? (P. Streeten). STATE, MARKET AND CIVIL SOCIETY. State, Market and Civil Society: Towards Partnership? (P.Collins). Securing the Public Interest under Pluralistic Institutional Design(N. Girishankar). Decentralised Governance and Poverty Reduction: Relevant Experiencein Africa and Asia (D. Belshaw). Local Government Reform and Community-Driven Development:Asia-Pacific Experiences (M. Turner). Public Ownership and the Community (P. McKinlay). Subsidiarity in Public Governance: Issues and Implications forStakeholders (D. Wright). Public-Private Partnerships as a Strategy for LocalCapacity-Building: Some Suggestive Evidence from Latin America (A.Fiszbein). Considerations on Governance from a Local Perspective: Towards aFramework for Addressing Critical Disjunctures in Urban Policy (P.McCarney). Networking and Collaboration Among Voluntary Organisations, LocalBodies and Government Functionaries in India: Experiences inStrengthening Local Self-Governance (B. Acharya). Public Interest Partnerships (PIPs): Is a New Governance ParadigmEmerging in ASEAN? (J. Gonzalez & J. Mayfield). Is the Role Played by Donors in Supporting Uganda's NGO SectorEnabling it to Develop Effectively? (T. Wallace). The Changing Role of International Technical Co-operation (L.Joy). ISSUES IN GOVERNANCE. Governance and Development: New Frontiers (P. Collins). Local Government Reform in Central and Eastern Europe: Form andSubstance (K. Davey). Subnational Government in South Africa Since the Transition toDemocracy from Apartheid (T. Mokgoro). Democracy, Development and the Institutionalised Participation ofthe Poor for Poverty Reduction (N. Webster). Small but Smart, or Small and Out-Smarted? Micro States, OffshoreFinance and Economic Vulnerability (M. Hampton). Natural Disasters, Complex Political Emergencies and PublicServices: Re-Juxtaposing the Narratives after Hurricane Mitch (I.Christoplos). The Emerging Development-Security Complex (M. Duffield). Selected Further Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis advanced textbook teaches the theory and practice of molecular genetic analysis to senior undergraduates and graduates studying genetics, molecular biology and cell biology. It uses a case study approach, with the yeast Saccharomyces as the model genetic organism, to explain the theory and practice of molecular genetic analysis.Trade Review"...Students new to yeast genetics and those of us keeping abreast of fusing disciplines should add this publication to our reading list..." (The Biochemist, 4 October 2002) "... useful addition to the literature..." (Biologist, Vol.50. No.2, 2003) "...a valuable addition to the reference library of any research laboratory at universities, research institutes and the industry." (Acta Biotechnologica, Vol.23, No.2-3, 2003) "...The aim of every teacher is to inspire students to move down from the stands, step up to the plate, and start hitting on their own. This book is a wonderful tool to help in that quest." (Cell Biology Education, 16 June 2003)Table of ContentsIntroduction. SECTION I: SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE AS A GENETIC RESEARCH ORGANISM. Saccharomyces cerevisiae As a Genetic Model Organism Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology Saccharomyces Cell Structure. SECTION II: TECHNIQUES OF GENETIC ANALYSIS. Mutant Hunts - To Select or to Screen (perhaps even by brute force). Complementation Analysis: How many Genes are Involved? Epistasis Analysis. Gene Isolation and Analysis of Multiple Mutant Alleles. Suppression Analysis. Enhancement and Synthetic Phenotypes Two-hybrid Analysis Advanced Concepts in Molecular Genetic Analysis Genomic Analysis SECTION III: CASE STUDIES FROM THE SACCHAROMYCES GENETIC LITERATURE. Case Study I: Glucose Sensing and signaling Mechanisms in Saccharomyces. Case Study II: Secretion, Exocytosis and Vesicle Trafficking in Saccharomyces. Case Study III: The Cell Division Cycle of Saccharomyces. Case Study IV: Mating-type Pheromone Response Pathway of Saccharomyces. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis is a quick-reference manual on practical aspects of immunoassay. Providing a theoretical and practical basis for modern applications of solid-phase immunoassays, this text brings together experts who have used ELISA and other assays in a variety of fields. Contributors offer step-by-step guidance on how to use the various techniques involved in immunoassay. These techniques are extemely useful to laboratory-based researchers and technicians working on the detection of allergy, the AIDS virus, autoimmunity, etc. Chapters analyze the solid-phase supports used, the amplification systems, and the quantitation and affinity of antibodies and discuss the applications of assays to biology, immunology, and microbiology.Table of ContentsBASIC ASPECTS. An Introduction to ELISA (D. Kemeny & S. Chanter). Microtitre Plates and Other Solid Phase Supports (D. Kemeny & S. Challacombe). Quantitative Aspects of Solid Phase Immunoassays (R. Hamilton & N. Atkinson). AMPLIFICATION. Amplification by Second Enzymes (A. Johannsson & D. Bates). The Amplified ELISA (a-ELISA): Immunochemistry and Applications (J. Butler). MOLECULAR ASPECTS. The Role of Antibody Affinity in the Performance of Solid Phase Assays (M. Devey & M. Steward). The Immunochemistry of Sandwich ELISAs: Principles and Applications for the Quantitative Determination of Immunoglobulins (J. Butler). The Use of ELISA in the Characterization of Protein Antigen Structure and Immune Response (A. Pesce & J. Michael). The Modified Sandwich ELISA (SELISA) for the Detection of IgE and Other Antibody Isotypes (D. Kemeny). CELLULAR ELISAs. The Solid Phase Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (ELISPOT) for Enumerating Antibody-Secreting Cells: Methodology and Applications (C. Czerkinsky, et al.). ELISA-Plaque Assay for the Detection of Single Antibody-Secreting Cells (J. Sedgwick & P. Holt). CHEMILUMINESCENCE. Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (I. Weeks & J. Woodhead). APPLICATIONS TO MICROBIOLOGY. The Use of ELISA for Rapid Viral Diagnosis: Viral Antigen Detection in Clinical Specimens (S. Chantler & A. Clayton). The Use of ELISA for Rapid Viral Diagnosis: Antibody Detection (R. Duncan). Application of ELISA to Bacteriology (S. Challacombe). Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisFocusing on monoclonal antibodies, this text covers such topics as immunization, hybrid selection and cloning, tissue culture techniques and an overview of hybridoma technology. The appendices provide information on media and buffers, sources of equipment and reagents, and a supplier's list.Table of ContentsOverview of Hybridoma Technology. Tissue Culture Techniques. Immunization. Screening Test Design. Myeloma Cells, Lymphocytes, Fusion. Hybrid Selection and Cloning. Characterization, Purification and Labeling. Human Hybridomas and Engineered Antibodies. Appendices. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisICARDA International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Address: P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria Telex: 331206 ICARDA SY, 331208 ICARDA SY Fax: 963-21-213490 Established in 1977, ICARDA is governed by an independent Board of Trustees. Based at Aleppo, Syria, it is one of 18 centres supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), which is an international group of representatives of donor agencies, eminent agricultural scientists, and institutional administrators from developed and developing countries who guide and support its work. The CGIAR seeks to enhance and sustain food production and, at the same time, improve the socioeconomic conditions of people through strengthening national research systems in developing countries. ICARDA focuses its research efforts on areas with a dry summer, where precipitation in winter ranges from 200 mm to 600 mm. The Center has a global responsibility for the improvement of barley, lentil and faba bean,Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: CYTOGENETICS OF THE TRITICEAE. Applications of Molecular Cytogenetics in the Triticeae (J.Heslop-Harrison). TAXONOMY OF THE TRITICEAE. Variation in Breeding Systems in the Triticeae (K. Hammer & F.Matzk). WIDE-CROSSING AND HYBRIDIZATION. Alien Gene Transfer and Genetic Enrichment of Bread Wheat (P.Jauhar). RESISTANCE TO DISEASES. Use of Non-Host Resistance in Wheat Breeding (R. Niks & D.Rubiales). ABIOTIC STRESS TOLERANCE. Yield Components and Transpiration Efficiency in Wild Wheats (J.Waines, et al.). EVALUATION OF BIODIVERSITY. Isoenzymes in the Evaluation of Germplasm Diversity in Wild DiploidRelatives of Cultivated Wheat (V. Jaaska). UTILIZATION OF BIODIVERSITY. Seed Storage Proteins of Wild Wheat Progenitors (D. Lafiandra, etal.). RESEARCH BY NATIONAL PROGRAMS. Wild Wheats in Southern Italy (P. Perrino, et al.). Summary and Recommendations. Acronyms. Index.

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Book SynopsisExplores how the emissions of acidifying gases in the atmosphere have caused the acidification of large freshwater areas in Europe and North America, and induced major changes in the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Acidic Emissions and Political Systems (T. Paces). The Relative Importance of Sulfur and Nitrogen Compounds in theAcidification of Freshwater (H. Van Miegroet). Lake Acidification and the Role of Paleolimnology (R. Battarbee& D. Charles). Role of Organic Acids in Acidification of Fresh Waters (H.Hemond). Effects of Acidification on Trace Metal Transport in Fresh Waters(J. Vesely). Biological Processes that Affect Water Chemistry (C. Kelly). The Biological Effects of Acid Episodes (S. Ormerod & A.Jenkins). Invertebrate Community Changes Caused by Reduced Acidification (G.Raddum & A. Fjellheim). Predicting Recovery of Freshwater Ecosystems: Trout in NorwegianLakes (B. Cosby, et al.). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisWritten for anyone who wishes to understand more about the scientific basis of athletic training and performance. Biochemistry, nutrition, physiology and psychology are all included. Intended to help sports science students, especially those who do not have a strong background in science. Appealing to athletes at any stage of their career, it is also helpful to coaches and physicians. Features high carbohydrate recipe suggestions, practical training schedules and a comprehensive bibliography.Table of ContentsRunning In. Muscles and Movement. Energy Matters. Filling Up the Fuel Tanks. Fuel Management. When the Running Has to Stop. Maintaining the Supply Lines. The Female Runner. Theory in Practice. The Mind and Performance. Food for Fitness. When Running Goes Wrong. Dying to Win: Drugs and the Athlete. Tulloh's Training Schedules. Advice for Female Runners. Psychological Self-Assessment and Training. Planning Your Diet. Noake's Advice on Injuries and on Running Shoes. Drugs to Avoid.

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Book SynopsisHow good a representative is the immune system of a laboratory mouse? How may technical obstacles in one immunological model be bypassed by using another? How much progress has been made in the study of defense mechanisms in plants and animals of commercial importance? The answers to these and numerous other questions regarding the immunological similarities which can be detected across various orders, classes, phyla and kingdoms are found in this book. Provides pertinent information on the advances, opportunities and challenges in comparative work.Table of ContentsPlants (J. Metraux). Invertebrates (D. Millar & N. Ratcliffe). Fishes (M. Manning). Amphibians (J. Horton). Reptiles and Birds (R. Jurd). Mammals (R. Turner). Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Government of World Cities assesses the future of metropolitan administrations in the light of some spectacular challenges to their operation, notably the collapse of the metro model in cities as diverse as London, Barcelona and Copenhagen. This key collection of essays from recognised authorities, including the final publication by the late Jean Gottmann, the doyen of urban studies, provides a balanced and provocative view of the strengths and weaknesses of metropolitan government at possibly the most crucial point in its history. The purpose of this book is to take stock of the concept of the metropolitan government idea as it currently seems to be faring in a variety of contexts and examples throughout the world. Specific cities that exemplify the three categories (outright abolition, under fire, and successfully thriving) are examined to determine why the experience of each has differed so markedly. Each essay offers an up-to-date account of the relative success of each metro gTable of ContentsThe Future of Metropolitan Government (L. Sharpe). The Barcelona Metropolitan Area (A. Grimaldos & C.Ferrer). Dilemmas of Size: The Rise and Fall of the Greater CopenhagenCouncil (F. Bruun). Unigov: Local Government in Indianapolis and Marion County, Indiana(W. Blomquist & R. Parks). The Twin Cities Metropolitan Council (B. Crosby & J.Bryson). The Abolition of the Greater London Council: Is There a Case forResurrection? (L. Sharpe). Metropolitan Government in Montreal (A. Sancton). The Rise and Fall of the Rijnmond Authority: An Experiment withMetro Government in the Netherlands (F. Hendriks & T.Toonen). The Metropolitan Strategies of Tokyo: Toward the Restoration ofBalanced Growth (H. Togo). Metro Toronto: Old Battles--New Challenges (L. Feldman). Index.

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Book SynopsisScientific theory and practical applications of wetlands are evaluated, and information and experience is provided on experimental and empirical approaches tot he restoration of damaged wetland ecosystems with a view to developing firm ground rules for restoration policies and procedures.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Archaeology and Wetland Restoration (B. Coles). Assessing the Restoration Prospects of Degraded Fens (A. Grootjans& R. van Diggelen). The Role of Seed Banks in the Revegetation of Australian TemporaryWetlands (M. Brock & D. Britton). Planning for the Restoration of Peat Wetlands for Birds (D. Ward,et al.). The Ombrogenous Bog Environment (M. Proctor). Hydrological Protection and Rewetting of Raised Bogs Influenced byMan (R. Eggelsman). The Basis of Mire Restoration in Finland (H. Heikkila & T.Lindholm). Index.

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Book SynopsisImmunoassays are in use in many laboratories and across many disciplines. They involve the use of antibodies to detect and quantitate proteins. The Essential Data Series is a series of handy pocket-sized books which allow researchers to have all the key experimental facts at their fingertips.Table of ContentsHistory and Classification (R. Edwards). Antibodies and Antisera (R. Edwards). Assay Design (R. Edwards). Seperation (R. Edwards). Radiolabeled Immunoassays (R. Edwards). Enzyme-labeled Immunoassay (J. Little). Flurescent and Phosphorescent Labeled Assays (S. Blincko). Chemiluminescent and Bioluminescent Labeled Assays (S. Blincko). Precipitation and Agglutination Methods (J. Little). Dry Surface Immunoassays and Immunosensors (R. Edwards). Data Processing (I. Howes). Manufacturers and Suppliers. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisNonliving organic matter (NLOM) comprises the bulk of the organic carbon stored in the terrestrial biosphere and a major part of the organic carbon in the sea. Organic substances, which include litter, marine detritus, dissolved organic matter, and soil organic matter, have diverse effects on the Earth''s biogeochemical processes and serve as a major reservoir of biospheric carbon, which can be transformed to carbon dioxide, methane, and other greenhouse gases. Given this broad spectrum of effects, efforts to adapt to or perhaps benefit from global change require a better understanding and an ability to predict the role of NLOM in the global environment. The overall objective of this volume is to provide experimental and modeling strategies for the assessment of the sensitivity of the global carbon cycle to changes in nonliving organic pools in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The discussions in this volume consider how best to characterize and quantify pools and fluxes of NLOM, theTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: Comparative Biodegradation Kinetics of Simple and Complex DissolvedOrganic Carbon in Aquatic Ecosystems (R. Hodson & M.Moran). The Role of Nonliving Organic Matter in Soils (D. Anderson). Balancing the Global Carbon Cycle with Terrestrial Ecosystems (R.Houghton). Global Change and Its Effect on Soil Organic Carbon Stocks (J.Melillo et al.). Formation of Refractory Organic Matter from Biological Precursors(C. Largeau). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisLooks at the the emergence of new forms of marginality as part of the new map of Europe. The contributors focus on regions, cities, and social groups which at first sight are missing out; the people and places on the edge of dominant economic, political and cultural systems which carry the stigma of marginality.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: New Aspects of Marginality in Europe (E. Mingione). GENDER, RACE, CULTURE. Women of the South After, Like Before, Maastricht? (D. Vaiou). New International Migrations and the "European Fortress" (E.Pugliese). Culture and Marginality in the New Europe (K. Robins & A.Aksoy). CAPITAL, LABOUR, STATE POLICIES. Remote Rural Areas: Villages on the Northern Margin (J.Oksa). New Forms of Transport and Communication, New Patterns ofDisadvantage (J. Gaspar). Growth at the Margins: Contract Labour in a Core Region (J. Allen& N. Henry). CONCLUDING COMMENTS AND OPEN QUESTIONS. Where Have Urban Movements Gone? (C. Pickvance). Thinking About the Edge: The Concept of Marginality (A. Bailly& E. Weiss-Altaner). Index.

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Book SynopsisThe past few years have seen the re-emergence of the Balkans as the cockpit of Europe. The break up of Yugoslavia, the regional conflict between ethnic groups, the creation of new states like Slovenia and the transformation of existing ones like Albania, have made the area of prime importance in geopolitical terms once again. Reconstructing the Balkans looks at the complex and rapidly changing human geography of the Balkans and considers the cultural, social and political geographies of the region and its neighbours. It provides both an examination of the history of the Balkans emphasising ethnicity and nationality issues and an evaluation of the historical and geographical roots of contemporary Balkan disputes from a range of national viewpoints. Written by acknowledged experts in the field, the book assesses some of the geographical consequences of the region s conflicts and analyses the post-socialist restructuring, reconstruction and reconfiguration regionwide and country by countrTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: THE BALKAN CONTEXT. The Balkans: Perceptions and Realities (D. Hall & D.Danta). Contemporary Balkan Questions: The Geographic and Historic Context(D. Danta & D. Hall). EMERGING FROM THE YUGOSLAV VORTEX. Place and Its Role in Serbian Identity (G. White). Destruction and Reconstruction: The Case of Dubrovnik (J.Oberreit). Macedonian Cultural and National Identity (T. Terkenli). NEIGHBOURS IN TRANSITION. Albania as a Gateway (D. Rugg). Thessaloniki and Balkan Realities (S. Kostopoulou). The Persistence of Collectivism: Responses to Land Restitution inRomania (M. Meurs). Hungary as a Place of Refuge (A. Dingsdale). THE BROADER CONTEXT. The Balkans: A European Challenge (A. Williams). Reconstructing the Balkans: The Economic Horizon (D. Hall & D.Danta). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis work focuses on the impact of the cytokine network on the humoral immune response, as well as on its implications for the evolving field of cytokine-based medical therapeutics. Scientists interested in how cytokines regulate the production of antibody, and the selective expression of distinct antibody classes in response to microbial and other antigenic challenges now have a single, comprehensive and timely volume covering this complex field.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: GENERAL CONCEPTS. B-Cell Subpopulations and Microenvironments (T. Waldschmidt). Immunoglobulin Class Switching (M. Lorenz & A. Radbruch). CYTOKINES. Interleukin-2 (M. McIlraith & P. Lipsky). Interleukin-5 (K. Takatsu). Interferon-Gamma (C. Snapper). Neuropeptides (H. Kimata). PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. IgE Regulation in Allergy and Helminth Parasite Infections (R. Coffman). Regulation of Mucosal Immunity (K. Beagley, et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisClearly written and free of statistical jargon, this invaluable guide concentrates on the practicalities of statistical analysis for anyone involved with agricultural research. Each section starts with the key points, giving a quick reference to the contents and plenty of examples using a reala data.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements INTRODUCTION Notation A little history Population versus samples PLANNING Formulating the idea Defining objectives Defining the population Formulating hypotheses Hypothesis testing Anticipating treatment differences DESIGN Variables Choosing the treatments Constraints Replication Blocking Randomization Covariants Confounding TRIAL STRUCTURE Considerations Single-treatment factor designs Multi-treatment factor designs Some other designs DATA ENTRY AND EXPLORATION Data entry Data Data checking Data exploration ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Parametric techniques Non-parametric techniques Comparison of parametric and non-parametric techniques OTHER STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES Multivariate analysis Time series analysis ASPECTS OF COMPUTING APPENDICES Glossary of Statistical Terms Analysis of Variance Formulae INDEX

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains essays which describe key developments in the areas of human, physical and environmental geography over the 20th century. It also examines how the teaching of geography has changed, highlighting alterations to the structure and character of the educational agenda.Table of ContentsMadingley Revisited? NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR GEOGRAPHY: OVERVIEW AND ISSUES. Geography into the Next Century. Academic Geography: The Key Questions for Discussion. School Geography: The Key Questions for Discussion. GEOGRAPHY IN HIGHER EDUCATION. A Place in Geography. Only Connect: Approaches to Human Geography. DEVELOPMENTS IN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. Environmentalism and Geography: A Union Still to BeConsummated. GEOGRAPHY IN THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM. Geography 5 to 19: Retrospect and Prospect. Developments at A Level. DEVELOPMENTS IN GEOGRAPHY 14-19. Defining and Measuring Progression in Geography. Trends in School Geography and Information Technology. Geography in the Scottish School Curriculum. Geography 5-19: Some Issues for Debate. LEARNING FROM THE DIALOGUE. Geography at the Secondary/Higher Education Interface: ChangeThrough Diversity. Human and Regional Geography in Schools and Higher Education. The Experience of Physical Geography in Schools and HigherEducation. Teaching Environmental Issues in Schools and HigherEducation. The Contribution of Geography to Personal and SocialEducation. CONCLUSION. New Perspectives for Geography: An Agenda for Action.

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Book SynopsisFollowing the collapse of international communism and the ending of the Cold War, the decade of the 1990s has seen international conflict replaced by internal, largely ethnic, conflict both of a violent and of a nonviolent nature. As a result, ethnicity has become one of the most important issues of the day. The social sciences and development studies have been slow to adopt new theoretical and practical perspectives with which to address this fundamentally changed situation. In traditional modernisation theory, ethnicity has been seen as an obstacle and claims to ethnic identity as anti-developmental. This book seeks to contribute towards a re-thinking of this position by focusing on the question of how policies of material improvement can be made compatible with the maintenance of fundamental ethnic identities which, in some senses, can even be considered a human right. Its argument is developed in two ways: firstly through a series of geographical studies, which examine the politicaTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: CONCEPTS OF ETHNICITY AND DEVELOPMENT. Ethnic Identity and Language Issues in Development (C. Williams)THE POLITICAL CONTEXT. Ethnicity and Political Development in South Africa (A. Lemon)Nationalism, Democracy and Development in Ethiopia (A. Zegeye &D. Abate). THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT. Cultural, Puralism and Economic Development: Perspectives From20th-Century Mexico and the Caribbean (C. Clarke). The People of Isan, Thailand: Missing Out on the Economic Boom (M.Parnwell & J. Rigg). Index.

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Book SynopsisTransgenic Plants: A Production System for Industrial andPharmaceutical Proteins provides a detailed guide to the principlesand practice of using transgenic plants as a system for theproduction of heterologous proteins. It is unique in that it coversthe complete process of heterologous protein production in plants,from the initial transformation of the plant, through totranscription, transgene stability and finally the downstreamingprocessing events for protein purification. Written by aninternational team of industrialists and academics, this bookdescribes: * the fundamental issues associated with expressing heterologousproteins in plants; * a number of detailed examples of the successful small-andlarge-scale production of proteins; * the essentials of patenting; and * the commercial exploitation. Transgenic Plants: A Production System for Industrial andPharmaceutical Proteins will be of interest to plantbiotechnologists, molecular biologists and protein biochemistTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS INPLANTS. Expression in Plants. The Production of Recombinant Glycoproteins with DefinedNon-Immunogenic Glycans. Downstream Processing of Proteins from Transgenic Plants. Comparison of Host Systems for the Production of RecombinantProteins. Transgene Stability. EXAMPLES. Industrial Enzymes. Pharmaceutical Proteins. COMMERCIALIZATION. Patents and Biotechnology. Commercialization of Phytase-Containing Seed. Index.

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Book SynopsisPlant lectins are extensively used as tools and as bioactiveproteins in different areas of biomedical and biological research.The Handbook of Plant Lectins provides a comprehensive yet conciseoverview of the biochemical properties, carbohydrate-bindingspecificity, biological activities and applications of most of thecurrently known plant lectins. This handbook consists of two majorsections: an introductory guide and a quick reference dictionary.Part I acquaints the newcomer to the lectin field with theessential information on lectins and their importance tobiomedicine: * what are lectins? * their carbohydrate-binding specificity * effects on nutrition and immunology * use in histochemistry * application as therapeutic agents Part II lists approximately 200 lectin entries in alphabeticalorder. Each entry deals with the lectin(s) of a particular plantand provides, (where known), details of: * isolation and characterisation; * sugar binding specificity;Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION TO LECTINS. Plant Lectins: A Special Class of Plant Proteins. Plant Lectins in Mammalian Nutrition, Immunology, Metabolism and asOral Therapeutic and Immune Agents. Lectin Histochemistry in Histology and Histopathology. LECTIN CLASSIFICATION. Key to the Use of the Lectin Entries. Classification Codes. Lectin Entries. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisIs it America s historic destiny to be the last of the hegemons ? Hegemonic states are very special countries that have simultaneously dominated the world both economically and politically and it seems increasingly likely that no country can follow the USA in this role. In this intellectual and creative tour de force, Peter Taylor, famous as the creator of world-systems political geography, examines hegemony as a concept in social practices and by using the experience of the three classic hegemonies, 17th-century Holland, 19th-century Britain and 20th-century America to provide a breathtaking new perspective on world history, political ideas and the nature of modernity. Professor Taylor weaves a rich tapestry of historical insight with arresting detail and innovative synthesis to show how for each hegemon political and economic dominance led to cultural power which shaped the entire world system. But in a fin de siecle world with little prospect of a new hegemonic order, are we perhapsTable of ContentsWorld Hegemony. Creating Modern Politics. Universalism: What's Good for the Hegemon is Good for theWorld. To See the Future: Emulation as the Sincerest Form ofFlattery. Post-Hegemonic Trauma. World Impasse. Notes. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisEnvironmental Consultancy Recognition of contaminated land as a potential environment risk problem has come relatively late. However, in the 1990s there is an international agreement that dealing with such problems benefits from a risk management approach. This book provides a unique, practical guide to the effective conduct of risk assessments for contaminated sites. The risk-based approach requires recognition of site investigation as a component of (not merely an adjunct to) risk assessment and a systematic gathering of quality data relevant to making judgements about risks. This is an integrated and multidisciplinary subject. The book provides an understanding of the regulatory and social context in which contaminated land risks are managed; the interdisciplinary requirements, as well as the methodologies and their limitations for investigation and assessment. The opening chapters provide risk assessment and management background, stressing pragmatic approaches to the former. The cTable of ContentsContaminated Land Risk Management: Policies and Issues. Contaminated Land Risk Assessment: An Overview. Site Investigation in Risk Assessment: An Overview. Preliminary Investigations for Hazard Identification. Site Investigation in Risk Assessment: Soil Contamination. Investigation of the Water Environment. Gas and Vapour Invesitgations. Qualitative Risk Assessment. Risk Ranking and Semi-Quantified Assessment. Site-Specific, Quantified Risk Assessment. Risk Assessment and Comtaminated Land: Conclusions. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisAn analysis of the nature and scope of the environmental challenge in the main countries of Central and Eastern Europe, including Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.Table of ContentsRegional Overview (J. Klarer & P. Francis). Bulgaria (K. Georgieva & J. Moore). Czech Republic (B. Moldan). Hungary (Z. Lehoczki & Z. Balogh). Latvia (V. Vilnitis). Poland (M. Nowicki). Slovak Republic (M. Huba). Conclusions (P. Francis, et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisServices dominate the modern economy. This controversial and important book reviews research into the development and future of the service economy. Professor Illeris synthesises not only English language research on the nature and function of services, but also introduces the lesser-known but equally important work done on services by researchers in other languages which often reaches surprising and challenging conclusions. While the emphasis is on producer services in the western world, due consideration is also given to the role and significance of personal and household services which have been frequently ignored in the literature. The approach adopted is geographical and macro-economic and among the topics discussed are the nature and classification of service activities, the role and importance of services in the overall economy and the increasing importance of services in regional development and international trade. The overall theme of the book is how our society has been tranTable of ContentsWHAT IS IT ALL ABOUT? The Nature and Role of Services. Classification of Service Activities. THE DEVELOPMENT OF SERVICES. Development of Household Services. Productivity and Effectiveness. Development of Producer Services. Qualifications and Conditions of Work. LOCATION OF SERVICES AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT. Inter-Urban Distribution of Service Activities. Factors of Inter-Urban Location. The Role of Services in Regional Development. Services Within Cities. SERVICES IN THE ECONOMICALLY DEVELOPED WORLD. International Variation. International Trade in Services. CONCLUSIONS. The Service Society. Important Conclusions and Further Questions. Appendix. Case Studies. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisContaminated sites and facilities may pose significant risks to the local populations because of the potential health and environmental effects associated with environmental contamination problems. Also affected are property owners and financiers due to reduced property values and possible financial liabilities. The effective management of contaminated sites is therefore an important environmental issue, requiring careful planning. This book addresses the issues relevant to the investigation and management of contaminated sites, emphasising problem diagnosis/characterisation and the development of site restoration/corrective action programs. The book focuses on methodologies that will allow scientifically justifiable/defensible, technically feasible, and economically viable corrective action assessment and response decisions to be made. This includes methods for developing effectual site restoration tasks, methods for evaluating the progress of corrective action programs, and the appliTable of ContentsPROBLEM DIAGNOSIS. Investigating Potentially Contaminated Sites. Contaminant Fate and Transport in the Environment. Conceptualization of Contaminated Sites. Elements of a Site Characterization Activity. Risk Assessment as a Diagnostic Tool. DEVELOPMENT OF SITE RESTORATION. Development of Risk-Based Site Restoration Goals. Site Restoration Techniques. Corrective Measure Evaluation Tools. Evaluation of Site Restoration Options. Development of a Site Restoration Plan for a Contaminated SiteProblem: An Illustrative Example. Design of Corrective Action Response Programs. Additional Bibliography. Recommended Scientific Journals. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe demand for safely purified water and the concerns relating to illness and disease from water sources are of prime importance to all countries. This book explores waterborne diseases and reflects the increasing environmental awareness and understanding of public health matters.Trade Review"It is well written, clearly laid out and easily understood. If you come across a water-related disease problem, this should be the first book to turn to." (Environmental Health Journal, March 1999)Table of ContentsAcknowledgments vii Introduction viii 1 An Introduction to the Science and Art of Epidemiology 1 2 Water Supply and Distribution 17 3 Drinking Water and Waterborne Disease 27 4 Illness Associated with Recreational Contact with Water 42 5 Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Infestion) 52 6 Schistosomiasis 57 7 Giardiasis 68 8 Cryptosporidiosis 80 9 Cyclospora 91 10 Naegleria 93 11 Cyanobacteria 95 12 Cholera and Other Vibrios 103 13 Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fevers and Other Salmonella Infections 116 14 Shigellosis (Bacillary Dysentery) 124 15 Campylobacteriosis 133 16 Escherichia coli 143 17 Yersinia Infections 151 18 Plesiomonas Infections 157 19 Aeromonas Infections 160 20 Pseudomonas Infections 165 21 Melioidosis 172 22 Legionnaire’s Disease 175 23 Leptospirosis 182 24 Mycobacterial Disease 189 25 Tularaemia 199 26 Heliocobacter Infections 202 27 Viral Hepatitis 206 28 Viral Gastroenteritis 222 29 Enterovirus Infections Including Poliomyelitis 232 30 Adenoviral Infections 240 31 Chemical Poisoning and Drinking Water 245 32 Cancer and Water 274 33 Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Water 293 References 301 Index 365

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Book SynopsisGene Therapy Technologies, Applications and Regulations From Laboratory to Clinic Edited by Anthony Meager Division of Immunobiology, The National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, UK The development of gene-based technologies has been rapid over the past decade and has consequently resulted in a surge of interest in human gene therapy, the deliberate transfer of genes to somatic cells to cure or alleviate disease symptoms. Hundreds of clinical protocols involving variously designed vectors for efficient gene transfer have been developed. However, the use of such complex ''gene medicines'' containing potentially heritable genes has raised numerous concerns regarding quality, efficacy and safety. Encompassing recent developments in the field and addressing current concerns this book: * surveys many of the current technologies for preparing vectors for use in gene therapy protocols * reviews the application of gene-mediated therapies to a range of medicTrade Review"It succeeds in putting together, possibly for the first time, gene therapy vectors, clinical applications, and regulatory production issues." --Human Genetics, April 2000Table of ContentsCationic Liposomes for Gene Therapy Applications (J. Clancy & E. Sorscher). DNA Condensation and Receptor-mediated Gene Transfer (A. Ziady & T. Ferkol). Retroviral Vectors (W. Günzburg & B. Salmons). Lentiviral Vectors (A. Lever). Adenoviral Vectors (S. Connelly). Adeno-associated Viral Vectors (T. Flotte & B. Carter). Advances in Engineering HSV Vectors for Gene Transfer to the Nervous System (M. Soares, et al.). Mammalian Artificial Chromosomes: Prospects for Gene Therapy (T. Ebersole & C. Farr). Gene Therapy for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (A. Thrasher, et al.). Gene Therapy for Haemophilia (R. Hoeben, et al.). Cystic Fibrosis: Gene Therapy Approaches (N. Caplen). Therapeutic Approaches to Haemoglobinopathies (Y. Beuzard). Gene Therapy Approaches to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (S. Murphy & G. Dickson). Lysosomal Storage Diseases (L. Lashford, et al.). Prospects for Gene Therapy of HIV Infections and AIDS (C. Lee, et al.). The Developemnt of the Regulatory Process in Europe for Biological Medicines: How it Affects Gene Therapy Products (A. Meager, et al.). Developement and Regulation of Gene Therapy Drugs in Germany (K. Cichutek). The Transfer of Technology from the Laboratory to the Clinic: In Process Controls and Final Product Testing (F. Borellini & J. Ostrove). Good Laboratory Practice in the Research and Development Laboratory (A. Shepherd). Facilities for Large-scale Production of Vectors Under GMP Conditions (J. Boyd). Addendum. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book outlines the techniques for reducing pesticide use internationally through using integrated pesticide management, and assesses the resulting environmental and economic benefits. The goal of the book is to focus on reducing pesticide use, not eliminating it, in order to maintain yields and current cosmetic food standards and provide a sustainable agriculture.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Pest Management in Agriculture (D. Pimentel). Environmental Ethics and Pesticide Use (H. Lehman). Environmental and Socio-Economic Costs of Pesticide Use (D. Pimentel & A. Greiner). Host-Plant Resistance to Insect Pests (H. van Emden). What is Durable Resistance? A General Outline (J. Parlevliet). Benefits of Minimum Pesticide Use in Insect and Mite Control in Orchards (T. Edland). IPM Practices for Reducing Fungicide Use in Field Crops (K. Bailey). IPM Techniques for Greenhouse Crops (J. Grant). Index.

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Book SynopsisOffers an introduction in Applied Statistics focusing on some of the statistics of today''s society--world wide population growth, economic developments, international trade and energy consumption, global maldistribution of income and absorption of resources, depletion of species and resources, environmental changes, and human problems.Table of ContentsThe Global Situation. Primary and Secondary Magnitudes. Ratios. Percentages. The Arithmetic Mean. Time Series. The Distribution of World Product. Indices. The Population Explosion. Regression and Correlation. Frequency Distributions. Bringing It All Together. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisProvides syntheses of studies in three continents on the problem ofachieving and understanding tropical rural development withoutcompromising longer-term sustainability of the soil and watersystems that underpin it. The studies were carried out in Central/South America, Africa andAsia during the 1990s, mostly through the support of the EU Scienceand Technology for Development Programme. The studies encompassexamples of erosion measurement:; of erosion control andconservation techniques at soil and ecosystem levels; of the limitsto uses of fragile tropical soils; of the effects of runoffcombined with regulation on rivers and reservoirs; of theimportance of indigenous people in the development processes and ofthe value and limitations of modelling at scales from soils tocatchment. There is no single message from the book because thereis no single solution to the problems of achieving sustainabletropical development. This book presents ideas, techniques and case studies,Trade Review"... the authors and editors do a good job in presenting a state of the art review." (Progress in Environmental Science)Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION Sustainability in the Context of Tropical Catchments SOILS, EROSION AND LAND USE Introduction From Plot to Basins: The Scale Problem in Studies of Soil Erosionand Sediment Yield Remote Sensing and GIS Studies of Erosion Potential for CatchmentManagement: A Densely Populated Agricultural Catchment inKenya Socio-economic Aspects of Subsistence Farming and Soil Erosion inTropical Catchment Management: The Upper Tana, Kenya Agroecological Practices as Tools for the Sustainable Management ofCatchments Susceptible to Erosion: Reunion Island The Importance of Geopedology in Sustainable Use of TropicalCatchments: Sodic Soils and Land Use Scenarios in NorthernAmazonia Soil Restoration and Conservation: The "Tepetates" - Indurated Volcanic Soils - in Mexico Environmental Management for Sustainable Selective Logging inTropical Rainforests Environmental Limits to Sustainable Coffee Cultivation on TropicalSoils: The Sungai, Pemadang Catchment, Brunei CATCHMENT CONSERVATION AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF SUSTAINABLEMANAGEMENT Introduction Conservation of Tropical Peat Swamp Forests: A Peatland Catchmentin Central Kalimantan Catchment Sustainability and River Biodiversity in Asia: A CaseStudy from Nepal Conservation of Inland Deltas: A Case Study of the Gash Delta,Sudan The Importance of People in the Management of TropicalCatchments Hydrological and Ecological Considerations in the Management of aCatchment Controlled by a Reservoir Cascade: The Tana River,Kenya Information for the Sustainable Management of Shallow Lakes: LakeNaivasha, Kenya MODELLING: AN ESSENTIAL TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT Introduction The Importance of Soil Infiltration Dynamics and Data Uncertainty:Field Studies on Soils in Zimbabwe Distributed Numerical Modelling of Surface Runoff and Soil Erosionin Arid Catchments Hydrological Modelling in Humid Tropical Catchments Modelling Lake Level Changes: Examples from the Easter Rift Valley,Kenya The Influence of Tropical Catchments upon the Coastal Zone:Modelling the Links between Groundwater and Mangrove Losses inKeyna, India/Bangladesh and Florida

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Book SynopsisCharting the first 40 years of the International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education (ICSSPE) this work presents a complete history of the beginning, development and impact of the organisation. The book introduces the council and provides a background framework to the evolution of international organisations in physical education and sports science. The author examines the main achievements of the society, its development and its links with other key societies. Of relevance to other sports bodies is a discussion of the Council''s aims and objectives, both past and future, and their importance both to the development of the society and the discipline of sport science in general. A selection of photographs illustrate events in the history of the Council, and appendices provide listings of key ICSSPE data.Table of ContentsThe Evolution of International Organisations in Physical Educationand Sports Science. Steps Towards the Establishment of ICSSPE. In a Nuclear Age, Sport is Man's Best Hope. Sport Leads to the Most Remarkable Self-Discovery. Internationalisation of Sport Requires a Scientific and PedagogicalDiscussion. ICSSPE: A Child of UNESCO and a Partner of the IOC. At the Crossroads of Science, Education and Sport: SomeConclusions. Appendices. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisAlthough biomaterials have become a mature field of science with a wide range of applications, this is the first book of its kind to bring together all the metals and alloys with biomedical relevance, providing a reference for selecting a material for a new implant or modification.Table of ContentsSelection of Materials (H. Breme & J. Helsen). Metals and Implants (H. Breme, et al.). Shape Memory Alloys (J. Humbeeck, et al.). Degradation (in vitro-in vivo Corrosion) (D. Scharnweber). Surfaces, Surface Modification and Tailoring (H. Breme). Special Thin Organic Coatings (H. Worch). Adhesion of Polymers (W. Possart). Adhesion to Ceramics (H. Breme, et al.). Biological Response and Biocompatibility (H. Hildebrand & J.-C. Hornez). Tissue-Implant Interaction (R. Thull). Cells and Metals (D. Jones). X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (J. Pireaux & J. Riga). Atomic Force Microscopy (U. Hartmann). Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Surface Analytical Technique for Biomaterials (J. Hubrecht). Retrieval Analysis (P. Laffargue, et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisCommercial chemicals contribute to our social welfare, yet can pose serious problems for the environment. How do we recognise these problems? How do we manage them? How do we objectively balance environmental risks with social benefits? This book describes the principles and practices of ecological risk assessment and cost-benefit analysis, asking key but challenging questions such as ''what are we trying to protect?'' and ''how do we undertake a cost-benefit analysis?''. It also shows how these principles are written into legislation. The emphasis is on the EU Directives and Regulations, with a chapter on the instruments and institutions involved; but this is balanced by a review of US and International policies and legislation. In conclusion, the discussion returns to the question of attempting to balance risks with benefits, particularly in the context of the development of sustainable and globally practicable chemical control policies. The text is supplemented by a glossary that deTable of ContentsPrinciples. The Science. Risk Management Methodology. European and UK Axis. Specific Legislation in Britain and Europe. US Legislation with Some Notes on Canada and the Rest of the World. International Organisations and Programmes. The Future.

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