Biochemical engineering Books

Book SynopsisH. Scott Fogler is the Ame and Catherine Vennema Professor of Chemical Engineering and the Arthur F. Thurnau Professor at the University of Michigan. He has been research advisor to forty-five Ph.D. students, and has more than two hundred thirty-five refereed publications. He was 2009 President of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Fogler has chaired ASEE's Chemical Engineering Division, served as director of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, and earned the Warren K. Lewis Award from AIChE for contributions to chemical engineering education. He has received the Chemical Manufacturers Association's National Catalyst Award and the 2010 Malcom E. Pruitt Award from the Council for Chemical Research.Table of Contents Mole Balances 1 The Rate of Reaction, –r_A The General Mole Balance Equation (GMBE) Batch Reactors (BRs) Continuous-Flow Reactors Industrial Reactors And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 1 (AWFOS - S1 Safety) Conversion and Reactor Sizing Definition of Conversion Batch Reactor Design Equations Design Equations for Flow Reactors Sizing Continuous-Flow Reactors Reactors in Series Some Further Definitions And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 2 Rate Laws 75 Basic Definitions The Rate Law The Reaction-Rate Constant Molecular Simulations Present Status of Our Approach to Reactor Sizing and Design And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 3 (AWFOS - S3 The GHS Diamond) Stoichiometry Batch Reactors (BRs) Flow Systems Reversible Reactions and Equilibrium Conversion And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 4 (AWFOS - S4 The Swiss Cheese Model Isothermal Reactor Design: Conversion Design Structure for Isothermal Reactors Batch Reactors (BRs) Continuous-Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTRs) Tubular Reactors Pressure Drop in Reactors Synthesizing the Design of a Chemical Plant And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 5 (AWFOS - S5 A Safety Analysis of the Incident Algorithm) Isothermal Reactor Design: Moles and Molar Flow Rates The Moles and Molar Flow Rate Balance Algorithms Mole Balances on CSTRs, PFRs, PBRs, and Batch Reactors Application of the PFR Molar Flow Rate Algorithm to a Microreactor Membrane Reactors Unsteady-State Operation of Stirred Reactors Semibatch Reactors And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 6 (AWFOS - S6 The BowTie Diagram) Collection and Analysis of Rate Data The Algorithm for Data Analysis Determining the Reaction Order for Each of Two Reactants Using the Method of Excess Integral Method Differential Method of Analysis Nonlinear Regression Reaction-Rate Data from Differential Reactors Experimental Planning And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 7 (AWFOS - S7 Laboratory Safety) Multiple Reactions Definitions Algorithm for Multiple Reactions Parallel Reactions Reactions in Series Complex Reactions Membrane Reactors to Improve Selectivity in Multiple Reactions Sorting It All Out The Fun Part And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 8 (AWFOS - S8 The Fire Triangle) Reaction Mechanisms, Pathways, Bioreactions, and Bioreactors Active Intermediates and Nonelementary Rate Laws Enzymatic Reaction Fundamentals Inhibition of Enzyme Reactions Bioreactors and Biosynthesis And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 9 (AWFOS - S9 Process Safety Triangle) Catalysis and Catalytic Reactors Catalysts Steps in a Catalytic Reaction Synthesizing a Rate Law, Mechanism, and Rate-Limiting Step Heterogeneous Data Analysis for Reactor Design Reaction Engineering in Microelectronic Fabrication Model Discrimination Catalyst Deactivation Reactors That Can Be Used to Help Offset Catalyst Decay And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 10 (AWFOS - S10 Exxon Mobil Torrance Refinery Explosion Involving a Straight-Through Transport Reactor [STTR]) Nonisothermal Reactor Design: The Steady-State Energy Balance and Adiabatic PFR Applications Rationale The Energy Balance The User-Friendly Energy Balance Equations Adiabatic Operation Adiabatic Equilibrium Conversion Reactor Staging with Interstage Cooling or Heating Optimum Feed Temperature And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 11 (AWFOS - S11 Acronyms) Steady-State Nonisothermal Reactor Design: Flow Reactors with Heat Exchange Steady-State Tubular Reactor with Heat Exchange Balance on the Heat-Transfer Fluid Examples of the Algorithm for PFR/PBR Design with Heat Effects CSTR with Heat Effects Multiple Steady States (MSS) Nonisothermal Multiple Chemical Reactions Radial and Axial Temperature Variations in a Tubular Reactor And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 12 (AWFOS - S12 Safety Statistics) Unsteady-State Nonisothermal Reactor Design The Unsteady-State Energy Balance Energy Balance on Batch Reactors (BRs) Batch and Semibatch Reactors with a Heat Exchanger Nonisothermal Multiple Reactions And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 13 (AWFOS - S13 Safety Analysis of the T2 Laboratories Incident) Mass Transfer Limitations in Reacting Systems Diffusion Fundamentals Binary Diffusion Modeling Diffusion with Chemical Reaction The Mass Transfer Coefficient Mass Transfer to a Single Particle The Shrinking Core Model Mass Transfer-Limited Reactions in Packed Beds Robert the Worrier What If . . . ? (Parameter Sensitivity) And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 14 (AWFOS - S14 Sugar Dust Explosion) Diffusion and Reaction Diffusion and Reactions in Homogeneous Systems Diffusion and Reactions in Spherical Catalyst Pellets The Internal Effectiveness Factor Falsified Kinetics Overall Effectiveness Factor Estimation of Diffusion- and Reaction-Limited Regimes Mass Transfer and Reaction in a Packed Bed Determination of Limiting Situations from Reaction-Rate Data Multiphase Reactors in the Professional Reference Shelf Fluidized Bed Reactors Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 15 (AWFOS - S15 Critical Thinking Questions Applied to Safety) Residence Time Distributions of Chemical Reactors General Considerations Measurement of the RTD Characteristics of the RTD RTD in Ideal Reactors PFR/CSTR Series RTD Diagnostics and TroubleshootingAnd Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 16 (AWFOS - S16 Critical Thinking Actions) Predicting Conversion Directly from the Residence Time Distribution Modeling Nonideal Reactors Using the RTD Zero Adjustable Parameter Models Using Software Packages Such as Polymath to Find Maximum Mixedness Conversion Tanks-in-Series One Parameter Model, n RTD and Multiple Reactions And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 17 (AWFOS - S17 Brief Case History on an Air Preheater) Models for Nonideal Reactors Some Guidelines for Developing Models Flow and Axial Dispersion of Inert Tracers in Isothermal Reactors Flow, Reaction, and Axial Dispersion Flow, Reaction, and Axial Dispersion in Isothermal Laminar-Flow Reactors and Finding Meno Tanks-in-Series Model versus Dispersion Model Numerical Solutions to Flows with Dispersion and Reaction Nonisothermal Flow with Radial and Axial Variations in a Tubular Reactor Two-Parameter Models—Modeling Real Reactors with Combinations of Ideal Reactors And Now . . . A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 18 (AWFOS - S18 An Algorithm for Management of Change (MoC)) Appendix A: Numerical Techniques A.1 Useful Integrals in Chemical Reactor Design A.2 Equal-Area Graphical Differentiation A.3 Solutions to Differential Equations A.4 Numerical Evaluation of Integrals A.5 Semi-Log Graphs A.6 Software Packages Appendix B: Ideal Gas Constant and Conversion Factors Appendix C: Thermodynamic Relationships Involving the Equilibrium Constant Appendix D: Software Packages D.1 Polymath D.2 Wolfram D.3 Python D.4 MATLAB D.5 Excel D.6 COMSOL (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/12chap/comsol.html) D.7 Aspen D.8 Visual Encyclopedia of Equipment: Reactors Section D.9 Reactor Lab Appendix E: Rate-Law Data Appendix F: Nomenclature Appendix G: Open-Ended Problems G.1 Chem-E-Car G.2 Effective Lubricant Design G.3 Peach Bottom Nuclear Reactor G.4 Underground Wet Oxidation G.5 Hydrodesulfurization Reactor Design G.6 Continuous Bioprocessing G.7 Methanol Synthesis G.8 Cajun Seafood Gumbo G.9 Alcohol Metabolism G.10 Methanol Poisoning G.11 Safety Appendix H: Use of Computational Chemistry Software Packages H.1 Computational Chemical Reaction Engineering Appendix I: How to Use the CRE Web Resources I.1 CRE Web Resources Components Index

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Book SynopsisCompletely revised, updated, and enlarged, this second edition now contains a subchapter on biorecognition assays, plus a chapter on bioprocess control added by the new co-author Jun-ichi Horiuchi, who is one of the leading experts in the field. The central theme of the textbook remains the application of chemical engineering principles to biological processes in general, demonstrating how a chemical engineer would address and solve problems. To create a logical and clear structure, the book is divided into three parts. The first deals with the basic concepts and principles of chemical engineering and can be read by those students with no prior knowledge of chemical engineering. The second part focuses on process aspects, such as heat and mass transfer, bioreactors, and separation methods. Finally, the third section describes practical aspects, including medical device production, downstream operations, and fermenter engineering. More than 40 exemplary solved exercises facilitate understanding of the complex engineering background, while self-study is supported by the inclusion of over 80 exercises at the end of each chapter, which are supplemented by the corresponding solutions. An excellent, comprehensive introduction to the principles of biochemical engineering.Trade Review“I would like to congratulate the authors and publishers for producing such an excellent book. I found it easy to comprehend and well structured. The book has been written with an assumption of minimal prior knowledge of chemical engineering . . .In conclusion, the book constitutes not only a very good starting point for a novice reader but also a comprehensive refresher course for someone who is already familiar with the field.” (Institution of Chemical Engineers, 1 September 2015)Table of ContentsPreface Nomenclature PART I: Basic Concepts and Principles INTRODUCTION Background and Scope Dimensions and Units Intensive and Extensive Properties Equilibria and Rates Batch vs. Continuous Operation Material Balance Energy Balance ELEMENTA OF PHYSICAL TRANSFER PROCESSES Introduction Heat Conduction and Molecular Diffusion Fluid Flow and Momentum Transfer Laminar vs. Turbulent Flow Transfer Phenomena in Turbulent Flow Film Coefficients of Heat and Mass Transfer CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL KINETICS Introduction Fundamental Reaction Kinetics CELL KINETICS Introduction Cell Growth Growth Phases in Batch Culture Factors Affecting Rates of Cell Growth Cell Growth in Batch Fermentors and Continuous Stirred Tank Fermentor (CSTF) PART II: Unit Operations and Apparatus for Bio-Systems HEAT TRANSFER Introduction Overall Coefficients U and Film Coefficients h Mean Temperature Difference Estimation of Film Coefficients h Estimation of Overall Coefficients U MASS TRANSFER Introduction Overall Coefficients K and Film Coefficients k of Mass Transfer Types of Mass Transfer Equipment Models for Mass Transfer at the Interface Liquid Phase Mass Transfer with Chemical Reactions Correlations for Film Coefficients of Mass Transfer Performance of Packed Column BIOREACTORS Introduction Some Fundamental Concepts Bubbling Gas-Liquid Reactors Mechanically Stirred Tanks Gas Dispersion in Stirred Tanks Bubble Columns Airlift Reactors Packed-Bed Reactors Microreactors MEMBRANE PROCESSES Introduction Dialysis Ultrafiltration Microfiltration Reverse Osmosis Membrane Modules CELL-LIQUID SEPARATION AND CELL DISRUPTION Introduction Conventional Filtration Microfiltration Centrifugation Cell Disruption STERILIZATION Introduction Kinetics of Thermal Death of Cells Batch Heat Sterilization of Culture Media Continuous Heat Sterilization of Culture Media Sterilizing Filtration ADSORPTION AND CHROMATOGRAPHY Introduction Equilibria in Adsorption Rates of Adsorption into Adsorbent Particles Single- and Multi-Stage Processes for Adsorption Adsorption in Fixed Beds Separation by Chromatography Biorecognition Assay PART III: Practical Aspects in Bioengineering FERMENTOR ENGINEERING Introduction Stirrer Power Requirements for Non-Newtonian Liquids Heat Transfer in Fermentors Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer in Fermentors Criteria for Scaling-Up Fermentors Modes of Fermentor Operation Fermentors for Animal Cell Culture INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL OF BIOPROCESSES Introduction Instrumentation of Bioprocesses Control of Bioprocesses Advanced Control of Bioprocesses DOWNSTREAM OPERATIONS IN BIOPROCESSES Introduction Separation of Microorganisms by Filtration and Microfiltration Separation by Chromatography Separation in Fixed Beds Sanitation in Downstream Processes MEDICAL DEVICES Introduction Blood and Its Circulation Oxygenation of Blood Artificial Kidney Bioartificial Liver Appendix Index

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Book SynopsisServing as a course in chemical reaction engineering, one of the main sections of a chemical engineering degree usually taught in the second year, this work includes multiple reactions and non-isothermal reactions and, temperature dependence of reaction rates leading to a discussion of non-ideal (real) reactors.Trade ReviewThe text is illustrated throughout by worked examples which all students will appreciate. * Aslib Book Guide, vol. 63, no. 2, Feb 98 *Table of Contents1. Introduction ; 2. Materials balance for chemical reactors ; 3. Calculation of reactor volume and residence time ; 4. Multiple reactions ; 5. The energy balance and temperature effects ; 6. Non-ideal reactors ; Further reading ; Solutions ; Nomenclature ; Index

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Purification of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemicals 2. Catalysts 3. Purification of Biochemicals 4. Physiologically Active Compounds (including miscellaneous 5. Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsAuthor Biographies xi Foreword and Endorsements xiii Preface xv Acknowledgements xvii 1 A Brief History of Process Control and Process Simulation 1 1.1 Process Control 1 1.2 Process Simulation 5 References 11 2 Process Control Hardware Fundamentals 15 2.1 Control System Components 15 2.2 Primary Elements 16 2.3 Final Control Elements 33 References 53 3 Fundamentals of Single-Input/Single-Output Systems 55 3.1 Open Loop Control 55 3.2 Disturbances 56 3.3 Feedback Control ? Overview 57 3.4 Feedback Control ? A Closer Look 60 3.5 Process Attributes ? Capacitance and Dead Time 66 3.6 Process Dynamic Response 74 3.7 Process Modelling and Simulation 76 References 93 4 Basic Control Modes 95 4.1 On?Off Control 95 4.2 Proportional (P-Only) Control 97 4.3 Integral (I-Only) Control 102 4.4 Proportional Plus Integral (PI) Control 105 4.5 Derivative Action 107 4.6 Proportional Plus Derivative (PD) Controller 108 4.7 Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Control 111 4.8 Digital Electronic Controller Forms 112 4.9 Choosing the Correct Controller 112 4.10 Controller Hardware 114 References 117 5 Tuning Feedback Controllers 119 5.1 Quality of Control and Optimization 119 5.2 Tuning Methods 123 References 132 6 Advanced Topics in Classical Automatic Control 133 6.1 Cascade Control 133 6.2 Feedforward Control 137 6.3 Ratio Control 140 6.4 Override Control (Auto Selectors) 142 6.5 Split Range Control 147 References 149 7 Common Control Loops 151 7.1 Flow Loops 151 7.2 Liquid Pressure Loops 153 7.3 Liquid Level Control 155 7.4 Gas Pressure Loops 165 7.5 Temperature Control Loops 166 7.6 Pump Control 172 7.7 Compressor Control 172 7.8 Boiler Control 179 References 182 8 Distillation Column Control 185 8.1 Basic Terms 185 8.2 Steady-State and Dynamic Degrees of Freedom 186 8.3 Control System Objectives and Design Considerations 188 8.4 Methodology for Selection of a Controller Structure 190 8.5 Level, Pressure, Temperature and Composition Control 192 8.6 Optimizing Control 199 Section Sidestream 199 8.7 Distillation Control Scheme Design Using Steady-State Models 204 8.8 Distillation Control Scheme Design Using Dynamic Models 212 References 213 9 Using Steady-State Methods in a Multi-loop Control Scheme 215 9.1 Variable Pairing 215 9.2 The Relative Gain Array 216 9.3 Niederlinski Index 220 9.4 Decoupling Control Loops 220 9.5 Tuning the Controllers for Multi-loop Systems 222 9.6 Practical Examples 222 9.7 Summary 232 References 232 10 Plant-Wide Control 233 10.1 Short-Term versus Long-Term Control Focus 233 10.2 Cascaded Units 235 10.3 Recycle Streams 236 10.4 General Considerations for Plant-Wide Control 241 References 242 11 Advanced Process Control 245 11.1 Advanced Process Control 245 11.2 Model Predictive Control 246 11.3 Dynamic Matrix Control 249 11.4 General Considerations for Model Predictive Control Implementation 253 References 254 Appendix A P&ID Symbols 257 Appendix B Glossary of Terms 261 Appendix C New Capabilities with Control Technology Hardware and Software 267 Workshop 1 Learning through Doing 279 Workshop 2 Feedback Control Loop Concepts 283 Workshop 3 Process Capacity and Dead Time 289 Workshop 4 Feedback Control 295 Workshop 5 Controller Tuning for Capacity and Dead Time Processes 303 Workshop 6 Topics in Advanced Control 311 Workshop 7 Distillation Control 321 Workshop 8 Plant Operability and Controllability 333 Index

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Book SynopsisChemical reaction engineering is concerned with the exploitation of chemical reactions on a commercial scale. Ita s goal is the successful design and operation of chemical reactors. This text emphasizes qualitative arguments, simple design methods, graphical procedures, and frequent comparison of capabilities of the major reactor types.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Overview of Chemical Reaction Engineering. HOMOGENEOUS REACTIONS IN IDEAL REACTORS. Introduction to Reactor Design. Design for Single Reactions. Design for Parallel Reactions. Potpourri of Multiple Reactions. NON IDEAL FLOW. Compartment Models. The Dispersion Model. The Tank-in-Series Model. REACTIONS CATALYZED BY SOLIDS. Solid Catalyzed Reactions. The Packed Bed Catalytic Reactor. Deactivating Catalysts. HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS. Fluid-Fluid Reactions: Kinetics. Fluid-Particle Reactions: Design. BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS. Enzyme Fermentation. Substrate Limiting Microbial Fermentation. Product Limiting Microbial Fermentation. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisAbout our authors Christie John Geankoplis was a professor of chemical engineering and materials science at the University of Minnesota. His research interests involved transport processes, biochemical reactor engineering, mass transfer in liquid solutions, and diffusion and/or reaction in porous solids. Allen Hersel is an associate professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at Trine University in Angola, Indiana, where he teaches transport phenomena and separations for the last 19 years. He also served as the dean of the engineering school. His area of research is bio-separations and engineering education. Before entering academia, he worked for Koch Industries and Kellogg Brown & Root. He holds a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from Yale University. Daniel H. Lepek is a professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering at The Cooper Union. His research interests include particle technology, fluidiza

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Book SynopsisNo matter how far Humanity advanced in its successes the problems of health and death will always exist. However, it is possible to postpone old age and prolong life, and it is performed successfully. In ancient Rome the average age was 15-18 years. Today in Japan it reaches 77-79 years. So what can the science of polymers do in solving this problem? Do high molecular compounds (natural and artificial) possess any reserves for solving this problem? This book discusses the problems of the polymer interaction with biologically active and model media, biodegradation biodetrioration, prognosing the time of reliable exploitation of polymers for medical purposes, polymer application in surgery, etc. Also discussed is the role of kinetics in prognosis of agriculture production quality.

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Book SynopsisPolyester (aka Terylene) is a category of polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain. Although there are many forms of polyesters, the term "polyester" is most commonly used to refer to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Other forms of polyester include the naturally-occurring cutin of plant cuticles as well as synthetic polyesters such as polycarbonate and polybutyrate.Polyester may be produced in numerous forms. For example, polyester as a thermoplastic may be heated and processed into different forms and shapes, eg: fibres, sheets and three-dimensional shapes. While combustible at high temperatures, polyester tends to shrink away from flames and self-extinguishes. This book provides leading edge research on this field from around the globe.

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Book SynopsisIt is a natural tendency of micro-organisms to attach to surfaces, to multiply and to embed themselves in a slimy matrix, resulting in biofilms. Biofilms constitute a protected growth modality that allows the micro-organisms to survive in hostile environments. Biofilm science is a relatively new technical discipline, which has emerged in response to the need of methodologies for biofilm control. Biofilms represent an interdisciplinary research area focused on the understanding and modulating of the combination of biological and chemical reactions, as well as in transport and interfacial transfer processes, that potentially affect the microbial accumulation and activity on abiotic and biotic surfaces. Research on biofilms has progressed rapidly in the last decade. Due to the fact that biofilms have required the development of new analytical tools, many recent advances have resulted from collaborations between biologists, engineers and mathematicians. The scientific community has come to understand many things about the particular biology of microbial biofilms through a variety of microscopic, physical, chemical, and molecular techniques of study. This book provides a remarkable amount of knowledge on the processes that regulate biofilm formation; on the methods used for their formation, monitoring, characterisation and mathematical modelling; on the problems caused by their presence in the food industry, environment and medical fields; and describes the current and emergent strategies for their control. The information in this book is designed to be of use to researchers and engineers working on fundamental aspects of biofilm formation and control and also to be helpful in conducting biofilm studies and in the consistent interpretation of results.

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