Industrial archaeology Books

Book SynopsisThe drastic railway closures of the 1960s led to the slow decay and re-purposing of hundreds of miles of railway infrastructure. Though these buildings and apparatus are now ghosts of their former selves, countless clues to our railway heritage still remain in the form of embankments, cuttings, tunnels, converted or tumbledown wayside buildings, and old railway furniture such as signal posts. Many disused routes are preserved in the form of cycle tracks and footpaths. This colourfully illustrated book helps you to decipher the fascinating features that remain today and to understand their original functions, demonstrating how old routes can be traced on maps, outlining their permanent stamp on the landscape, and teaching you how to form a mental picture of a line in its heyday.Trade ReviewThis is a very pleasing little book and although intended for a general market, it is such a good description of what the UK’s standard-gauge lines were all about in earlier times, it is thoroughly recommended. -- PJH * Ffestiniog Railway Magazine *Table of ContentsA Brief History Keeping a Level Track Serving the Community The Goods Yard Operating a Railway Track and Trackside Furniture Places to Visit Index

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Book SynopsisFor two periods of British history - the first part of the Roman occupation and the Tudor and early Stuart periods - the Weald of south-east England was the most productive iron-producing region in the country. Looking across the tranquil Wealden countryside, it is hard to identify anything that hints at its industrial past. Yet 400 years ago, nearly 100 furnaces and forges roared and hammered there, the smoke from charcoal-making curling up from the surrounding woods and the roads bustling with wagons laden with ore and iron sows.Many British naval campaigns, including the Spanish Armada, the wars against the Dutch and The Seven Years'' War, relied on Wealden iron cannon; the pressures of conflict driving forward the development of iron-producing technology. For a time the economy of the whole area was dominated by the production of iron and its raw materials, providing employment, generating prosperity and shaping the landscape irrevocably. Drawing on a wealth of local evidence, this book explores the archaeology and history of an area whose iron industry was of international importance.

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Book SynopsisThe Combe Down Stone Quarries, which were the principal supplier of building stone for the great period of building in Bath during the 18th and 19th centuries, form a significant element of the wider landscape of the City of Bath World Heritage Site.

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Book SynopsisBeneath the Killing Fields of the Western Front still lies a hidden landscape of industrialised conflict virtually untouched since 1918. This subterranean world is an ambiguous environment filled with material culture that that objectifies the scope and depth of human interaction with the diverse conflict landscapes of modern war. Covering the military reasoning for taking the war underground, as well as exploring the way that human beings interacted with these extraordinary alien environments, this book provides a more all-encompassing overview of the Western Front. The underground war was intrinsic to trench warfare and involved far more than simply trying to destroy the enemy's trenches from below. It also served as a home to thousands of men, protecting them from the metallic landscapes of the surface.With the aid of cutting edge fieldwork conducted by the author in these subterranean locales, this book combines military history, archaeology and anthropology together with primary data and unique imagery of British, French, German and American underground defences in order to explore the realities of subterranean warfare on the Western Front, and the effects on the human body and mind that living and fighting underground inevitably entailed.

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Book SynopsisArchaeologists and textile historians bring together 16 papers to investigate the production, trade and consumption of textiles in Scandinavia and across parts of northern and Mediterranean Europe throughout the medieval period. Archaeological evidence is used to demonstrate the existence or otherwise of international trade and to examine the physical characteristics of textiles and their distribution in order to understand who was producing, using and trading them and what they were being used for. Historical evidence, mainly textual, is employed to link textile names to places, numbers and prices and thus provide an appreciation of changing economics, patterns of distribution and the organisation of trade. Different types and qualities of cloths are discussed and the social implications of their production and import/export considered against a developing background of urbanism and increasing commercial wealth.Table of Contents1. Introduction. Conference: ‘Textiles and Economy in the Middle Ages’, Copenhagen, 19–21 April, 2012 Carsten Jahnke 2. Textile Production, Organisation and Theoretical Perspectives on Trade in the Scandinavian Viking Age Eva Andersson Strand 3. Weaving Wealth: Cloth and Trade in Viking Age and Medieval Iceland Michèle Hayeur Smith 4. Technology and Textile Production from the Viking Age and the Middle Ages: Norwegian Cases Ingvild Øye 5. Brides, Donors, Traders: Imports into Anglo-Saxon England Gale R. Owen-Crocker 6. Silk Trade to Scandinavia in the Viking Age Marianne Vedeler 7. Luxury for Everyone? Embroideries on Leather Shoes and the Consumption of Silk Yarn in 11th–13th Century Northern Europe Gitte Hansen 8. The Flax and Linen of Medieval Novgorod Heidi M. Sherman 9. The Dual Crises of the Late-Medieval Florentine Cloth Industry, c. 1320–c. 1420 John Munro† 10. The Trade with Fustian from Germany to Denmark in the Late Middle Ages Kilian Baur 11. Cloth Production and Cloth Trade in Hanseatic Towns with Regional and Non-Regional Products Reflected in Normative and other Sources Rudolf Holbach 12. Cloth in the Large Cities of Medieval Poland: Production and Trade Jerzy Maik 13. Hanseatic Textile Production in 15th Century Long Distance Trade Angela Ling Huang iv Contents 14. Noble Customers of Cloth at the Frankfurt Fairs Around the Year 1500 Thomas Ertl and Michael Rothmann 15. The Missing Link: The Distribution Revolution of the 15th Century Stuart Jenks

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Book SynopsisThe small town of Buckley, in Flintshire, was the focus for a regional pottery industry for at least 600 years, from the medieval period to the mid-20th century. However, despite Buckley’s impressive industrial past, a visit to the town today reveals little evidence to suggest the extent and importance of what was once a major industry supplying traditional earthenware. This book is based on the results of recent research and excavation which has enhanced our understanding of the Buckley potteries, identifying over 30 individual production sites from documentary and cartographic sources. It considers the factors which influenced the siting and development of the industry, how it changed through time and the reasons for its eventual demise. Few of the potteries have been the subject of archaeological excavation, and of those none have previously been published in detail. The book presents the results from excavations on the sites of four potteries, and includes a review of the evidence for others, including a gazetteer detailing the evidence for all of the potteries currently known. This volume contains contributions from Peter Davey, Leigh Dodd, Richard Hankinson, Bob Silvester and Sophie Watson.Trade ReviewNigel Jones and the Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust are to be congratulated on drawing together the resultant information on this important industry and for laying the basis for informed decisions on the recovery of more in the future. - Peter Webster (2020), Archaeologia Cambrensis, Vol. 169Table of ContentsIntroduction Geology of the Buckley Area (Richard Hankinson) Buckley Potteries and their relationship with Buckley Mountain Common – cartographic evidence (Bob Silvester) History and Significance of the Buckley Potteries (Peter Davey) Recent Excavations: Brookhill Pottery (Site 1), 2016 (Richard Hankinson) Taylor’s Pottery (Site 3), 2005 (Leigh Dodd) Lewis’s Pottery (Site 5), 2000 (Leigh Dodd) Price’s Pottery (Site 11), 2014-15 (Sophie Watson) A Gazetteer of Buckley Potteries Bibliography Appendix 1: Glossary

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Book SynopsisArchitecture militaire du Deccan focuses on the Deccan region in central India between the medieval and modern period, a period at the interface between local Indian culture and the Persian world, followed by relations with the colonial enterprise European in Asia. This period was marked by many conflicts, but also by an inventive adaptation of new military technologies in response to new forms of modern warfare in India, with the arrival of artillery. Using the most recent investigative techniques, such as photogrammetry and 3D modeling, this volume presents a wealth of new data. The author’s meticulous approach encompasses the study of urban maps, architectural plans and detailed descriptions of walls, bastions, moats, towers, gates, horsemen, granaries, hydraulic éléments, and more. Through the study of four representative fortified sites, the author synthesizes the evolution of the military architecture of the Deccan. One can only hope that this volume will inspire other scholars to work on other Indian fortified sites, not limited to the Deccan. Thus, a more complete understanding of the phases of evolution of Indian military architecture can emerge.Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION ; INTRODUCTION (English) ; Historiographie ; PARTIE I : Les sultanats du Deccan (14-18èmes siècles) ; I.1. La conquête du Deccan (première moitié du 14ème siècle) ; I.2. Les sultanats du Deccan (seconde moitié du 14ème siècle -début du 17ème siècle) ; I.3. Les empires dans le Deccan (17-18èmes siècles) ; PARTIE II : Quatre forts du Deccan ; II.1. Le camp fortifié de Firozâbâd, début du 15ème siècle (Karnataka) ; II.2. Les fortifications de Torgal du 11ème au 17ème siècle (Karnataka) ; II.3. Naldurg, un fort de frontière, 16-17ème siècle (Maharashtra) ; II.4. Le fort de Bellary, un exemple de l’ultime adaptation indienne à l’artillerie (Karnataka) ; PARTIE III : L’évolution de la fortification du Deccan (12-18èmes siècles) ; III.1. Introduction ; III.2. Typological Evolution of Fortifications ; III.3. Artillerie ; CONCLUSION ; CONCLUSION (English) ; ANNEXE ; Principales dynasties du Deccan médiéval et moderne ; Glossaire ; BIBLIOGRAPHIE ; TABLE DES ILLUSTRATIONS ; INDEX ; Les dates mentionnées dans cet ouvrage sont indiquées uniquement selon le calendrier grégorien, sauf mention contraire. ; En couverture : tour polylobée de Naldurg ; En quatrième de couverture : tour Bahmani de Torgal

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Book SynopsisThe third Europa Postmediaevalis conference, entitled Connections and Networking, took place in Coimbra, Portugal, in the spring of 2022. The result is this book, containing 26 contributions from a total of ten European countries divided into five thematic sections, all of which focus on post-medieval pottery. Pottery is examined from the perspectives of local, regional and long-distance trade. The contributions demonstrate the importance of the theme of connections and networking and provide an opportunity to compare concrete find situations across Europe – in both coastal as well as landlocked states – and their local development in the light of new impulses from outside. Papers gathered in a single anthology thus facilitate a dialogue between diverse European regions.

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Book SynopsisGwynedd - the north-west quadrant of Wales - is particularly rich in the archaeology of the industrial and modern periods. It was once the major producer of roofing slates worldwide, and for a while it dominated the international trade in copper ore. This is the first comprehensive study of the industrial archaeology of this fascinating region, and takes a wide-ranging view of its scope and nature. The mines, quarries and narrow-gauge railways for which the area is famous are covered in detail, as are well-known works of engineering such as the Menai and Britannia bridges. Also explored are lesser-known industries such as textile production, electricity generation and metal-processing, and other economic activities such as agriculture, which are not generally considered to be part of the industrial landscape.Using a wide range of fascinating evidence, the author tells the remarkable story of the society which evolved in Gwynedd, with its vigorous minority language and its radical politics. The legacies of industrial housing, churches and chapels, along with retailing and consumer goods, are all examined within the broader context of a globalising economy. This attractive volume will appeal to residents and local historians alike. In addition, anyone concerned with emerging issues in archaeology, such as the relationship between documentary, artefact and landscape evidence, the ways of reading the cultural landscape, the regional dimension to worldwide change, and the ways in which we approach the past through its material remains, will find this pioneering study of interest.

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Book SynopsisBeneath the housing estates of Gaywood within the urban reach of modern King's Lynn lies a former saltmarsh Gaywood's North Marsh which once played an important role in the economic and physical development of this dynamic coastal and estuarine landscape. Focused on the eastern side of the Wash and to the north of an ancient inlet known as the Lyn, this marshland was rich in salt or white gold', gathered from the brine-saturated muds and processed using the post-Roman technique of sand-washing or sleeching. Often the only traces left behind of this once important coastal industry are the denuded hillocks or mounds representing the accumulated waste deposits associated with salt-winning, dozens of which have been mapped in this area.An opportunity to investigate several of these saltern mounds was prompted by the Lynnsport and Greenpark Avenue Primary School developments, leading to a three-year scheme of topographical survey, evaluation trenching and targeted excavation.Building on previous work by OA East at Marsh Lane, this volume provides a synthetic overview of the salt-making evidence utilising a suite of scientific techniques underpinned by historical research and Bayesian modelling to reconstruct the saltmarsh environment and how this changed over time. One of the key results has been firmly to establish that the sand-washing method was in use on the east coast of England as early as the Middle Saxon period (8th to 9th century), continuing into the medieval period and beyond in some places. A possible association with the Middle Saxon productive' site at Bawsey is explored, as is the more definite connection with the East Anglian bishops and bishops of Norwich, who once owned this land. Linked to this are the provision of labour, methods of transport and access to fuel. The contribution of salt-working to the economy, notably trade, is assessed as is the impact that this industrial scale of salt production had on the physical environment which ultimately led to piecemeal reclamation and the development of valuable tracts of grazing land. By the 12th century, salt-winning on Gaywood's North Marsh was already in decline and by the 13th century its death knell was no doubt sounded by the diversion of the River Great Ouse into the Lyn: the fossilised salt-making landscape being recorded by the Gaywood Dragge survey of 1487\. This narrative is further enhanced by comparison with similar records for sand-washing on the near continent, and a reconsideration of the evidence from the Lincolnshire side of the Wash.

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains the results of four archaeological projects undertaken within the historic suburbs of Bristol. Excavations at nos 2628 and at nos 5560 St Thomas Street were both within the 12th-century planned suburb of Redcliffe, just to the southeast of the medieval city.Table of Contents55-60 St Thomas Street, Redcliffe, Bristol Introduction Excavation Results The Documentary Evidence The Finds The Biological and Geoarchaeological Evidence Discussion Acknowledgements Bibliography 26-28 St Thomas Street, Redcliffe, Bristol Harbourside, Bristol Introduction Results The Finds The Biological Evidence Discussion Acknowledgements Bibliography Cabot House, Deanery Road, Bristol Introduction Results Finds Sumamry The Documentary Evidence Discussion Acknowledgements Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThe Iron Age copper smelting site situated near the Cypriot village Agia Varvara is of particular importance among the ancient copper processing places in the Near East because it has revealed spatial as well as technological aspects of copper production in a hitherto rarely-seen depth of detail. Agia Varvara-Almyras: an Iron Age Copper Smelting Site in Cyprus presents the results of a comprehensive post-excavation analysis of the stratigraphy (part I), also of the geology, metallurgical materials (furnaces, tuyeres), finds (pottery, furnace lining, stone tools), as well as a synthesis of the copper smelting technology at Agia Varvara-Almyras (part II). The excavation analysis not only focuses on pyrotechnical information from individual furnaces, but also provides a detailed study of the spatial organisation as well as of the living conditions on the smelting site. An elaborate reconstruction of the features in a 3D model allows the visualisation of formerly-dispersed loci of copper production. Based on this virtual rebuilding of the hillock named Almyras, it becomes clear that archaeometallurgy must be unchained, and the idea of an ‘operational chain’ must be replaced by a more multidimensional research strategy labelled as an ‘operational web’. The present volume aims to stimulate future excavations which pay attention to the reasons behind the exploitation of the riches of the island, as well as to the needs of the markets where the final product was very likely to have been appreciated as a strategic commodity, by power players operating on the island as well as by ordinary people in need of a repair to an everyday commodity which had broken.Table of ContentsForeword: Agia Varvara-Almyras, an Exceptional Case Study ; Part I – Archaeological Situation, Stratigraphy, and Chronology ; 1. Introduction ; 2. Extractive Copper Metallurgy in Cyprus: A Concise Retrospective on Methods and Approaches ; 3. Archaeological Research in Agia Varvara-Almyras ; 4. Stratigraphy ; 5. Age Determination ; 6. The Features ; 7. Spatial Organization ; 8. Conclusions and Outlook ; 9. Lists ; Part II – Materials and Processes ; 1. Geology and Mineralogy of Agia Varvara-Almyras – Iphigenia Gavriel ; 2. Agia Varvara-Almyras Ceramics Report – Robert Morris ; 3. Classification of Ore Beneficiation Stone Tools from Agia Varvara–Almyras – Anne Carey ; 4. Furnace Lining – Aleksandra Mistireki ; 5. Considerations on the Process Flow of Copper Production – Walter Fasnacht ; 6. Technology of Copper Smelting at Agia Varvara-Almyras – Martina Renzi, Myrto Georgakopoulou, Christina Peege, Walter Fasnacht and Thilo Rehren

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Book SynopsisColourless glass, deliberately decolorized with manganese or antimony, became prominent between the middle of the 1st century AD and the beginning of the 4th century. This book reflects the diversity of glass objects (tableware, containers and small objects) and is designed as a practical manual divided into three parts. The first presents contexts in which colourless glass has been found; the second, in the form of index cards, is a typological catalogue which gives an overall picture of the colourless glassware found throughout Gaul; glass is highly useful as a dating tool but also tells us much about the economic, social and cultural aspects of its time. Chemical analyses form the third component. The volume of material gathered in this book makes it an indispensable working tool for researchers and students interested in the glassware of Roman antiquity. Le verre incolore, volontairement décoloré au manganèse ou à l’antimoine, est celui qui est le plus souvent utilisé entre le milieu du Ier s. apr. J.-C. et le début du IVe s. Verres incolores de L’antiquité romaine en Gaule et aux marges de la Gaule rend compte de la diversité de ce mobilier (vaisselle, contenants et petits objets) est conçu comme un manuel pratique divisé en trois parties. La première présente des contextes renfermant du verre incolore ; la seconde, sous forme de fiches, est un catalogue typologique qui livre une image globale de la verrerie incolore découverte dans l’ensemble de la Gaule. Outil de datation, le verre nous informe aussi sur les aspects économiques, sociaux et culturels de son époque. Les analyses chimiques forment le troisième volet. La masse documentaire réunie dans cet ouvrage en fait un instrument de travail indispensable aux chercheurs et étudiants qui s’intéressent au verre de l’Antiquité romaine.Table of ContentsVolume 1: Introduction; Avertissement; Abréviations; Bibliographie; Partie 1: Assemblages; Planches typologiques synthétiques; Volume 2: Partie 2 : Catalogue typologique; 1 Skyphoi, canthares et trullea; 2 Gobelets, coupes et cuillères moulés (?) et à décor taillé; 3 Gobelets et coupes à lèvre coupée; 4 Gobelets à pied annulaire et à lèvre arrondie; 5 Verres à pied à balustre ou à pied tronconique et à lèvre arrondie; 6 Bols, coupes et gobelets à lèvre arrondie ou coupée; 7 Assiettes et coupes moulées; 8 Assiettes et coupes soufflées; 9 Petits contenants et amphores; 10 Flacons allongés : fusiformes, tronconiques et cylindriques; 11 Bouteilles ansées; 12 Flacons sphériques; 13 Flacons ovoïdes, piriformes et tronconiques; 14 Cruches et flacons à panse aplatie; 15 Cruches et flacons à tubulure; 16 Cruches; 17 Flacons, autres objets insolites et vitres; 18 Les décors sur les verres incolores; Partie 3 : Analyses chimiques; Contribution à l’étude des verres décolorés à l’antimoine; Annexes; Abstract (English)

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Book SynopsisThis volume discusses the evolution of oikema, which is the most common type of commercial facility in ancient Greece. The study covers a large area including Continental Greece, the Aegean islands, the Ionian islands and the west coast of Asia Minor. The author, after a thorough analysis, proposes a new terminology for commercial and industrial facilities. The book also presents the architectural characteristics and the equipment of oikemata and discusses their location and relationship with other buildings. The ownership, use and maintenance of oikemata are also discussed. It is argued that oikemata provided merchants and craftsmen with a suitable working space and contributed to the gradual abandonment of houses as working places, especially in cities that developed in the Hellenistic period. Their characteristics corresponded perfectly well to the needs of Greek commerce.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Nomenclature; Le vocabulaire antique des installations commerciales; Les critères d’identification des pièces polyvalentes; L’apparition de la pièce polyvalente; Les activités attestées dans les pièces polyvalentes; Les caractéristiques des pièces polyvalentes; La gestion des pièces polyvalentes; Les pièces polyvalentes et l’organisation du commerce; Conclusion; Bibliographie; Index des lieux; Index des mots grecs; Index des auteurs anciens; Index des inscriptions; Origine des illustrations

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Book SynopsisPits and Boots derives from excavations carried out in 2007-8, in advance of an extension to the Bon Accord Centre in Aberdeen, that uncovered the backlands of an area that would have formed part of the industrial quarter of the medieval town. The site is well-dated by dendrochronology, augmented by artefactual evidence, and indicates activity from the late 12th century AD into the early modern period, with a particularly intensive period in the 13th century. Structural evidence consists primarily of the backland boundaries, hearth/ovens, several wood-lined wells and many large pits. It is the contents of these pits and wells which forms the core of this monograph. The waterlogged conditions within the pits and wells has meant that a remarkable assemblage of organic remains including leather, wooden artefacts, textiles, animal pelts, fibres, and cordage has survived. The leather assemblage is the largest ever to be found in Scotland and has revealed a range of activities associated with the use of animal hides, from hide processing to tanning and shoemaking. The wood assemblage is also extensive and includes bowls, platters, coopered vessels and tools. Metalwork, crucibles, clay mould fragments and ceramics all testify to the industrial nature of the area, while the large quantities of animal and fishbone demonstrate that butchery on an industrial scale took place in the area. The excavation charts the changing nature of this once-peripheral area of Aberdeen, from an industrial zone in the medieval period, to horticultural and domestic spaces in post-medieval times, and has thus greatly enhanced our knowledge of Scottish urban development.Trade Review‘…the monograph provides a clear, well-researched and well-presented account of excavations undertaken in Aberdeen in 2007–8; it examines medieval backland industry followed by later, more affluent domestic occupants; it explores the burgh’s wider trade connections in Britain and beyond; it synthesises a wealth of remarkable organic material; it discusses extraordinary finds such as a late 12th- or early 13th-century stone-and-wooden composite grinding lathe; and it does all this with good photographs and figures throughout, using clear print on quality paper.’ – Brian Ayers (2022): Medieval Archaeology, 65/2, 2021Table of ContentsPreface ; 1 Introduction ; 1.1 Background to the archaeological works ; 1.2 The site and its setting ; 1.3 The archaeological works of 2007–08 ; 1.4 Previous archaeological investigations around Gallowgate and Upperkirkgate ; 1.5 Dating and the chronology of the site ; 1.6 Structure of the monograph ; 1.7 The ceramic assemblage ; 2 Summary of Archaeological Remains by Phase ; 2.1 Introduction ; 2.2 Phase 1 – mid-to-late 12th century (figure 2.3) ; 2.3 Phase 2 – late 12th to mid 13th century (figure 2.14) ; 2.4 Phase 3 – mid-to-late 13th century(figure 2.41) ; 2.5 Phase 4 (early) – late 13th to 14th century (figure 2.53) ; 2.6 Phase 4 (late) – 14th to early 15th century (figure 2.62) ; 2.7 Phase 5 (early) – 15th to 16th century (figure 2.66) ; 2.8 Phase 5 (mid) – 15th to 16th century (figure 2.68) ; 2.9 Phase 5 (late) – 15th/16th to mid-to-late 18th century (figure 2.74) ; 2.10 Phase 6 – mid-to-late 18th to 20th century (figure 2.78) ; 3 Presentation of Artefactual and Ecofactual Evidence by Phase and Feature ; 3.1 Introduction ; 3.2 Phase 1 (mid-to-late 12th century) (figure 2.3) ; 3.3 Phase 2 (late 12th to mid 13th century) (figure 2.14) ; 3.4 Phase 3 (mid-to-late 13th century) (figure 2.41) ; 3.5 Phase 4 (early) (late 13th to 14th century) (figure 2.53) ; 3.6 Phase 4 (late) (14th to early 15th century) (figure 2.63 & Table 3.4) ; 3.7 Phase 5 (early) (15th to 16th century) (figure 2.66) ; 3.8 Phase 5 (mid) (15th to 16th century) (figure 2.68 & Table 3.5) ; 3.9 Phase 5 (late) (15th/16th to mid-to-late 18th century) (figure 2.74 & Table 3.5) ; 4 Specialist Reports – Summaries of the Evidence ; 4.1 Dating evidence ; 4.2 Organic artefacts ; 4.3 Inorganic artefacts ; 4.4 Structural materials ; 4.4.4 Socketed stone ; 4.5 Ecofact analyses ; 5 Discussion: The Site in Its Context ; 5.1 The origins of Upperkirkgate and Gallowgate (phases 1 to 3) ; 5.2 Industrial activity in the medieval gallowgate (phases 1 to 4) ; 5.2.1 Leatherworking and associated processes ; 5.2.2 Other industrial processes ; 5.3 Late medieval and early post-medieval properties (phase 4 to mid phase 5) ; 5.4 Later post-medieval occupation: the gardens of aberdeen (mid-to-late phase 5) ; 5.5 Later post-medieval occupation: houses of the gentry (late phase 5) ; 5.6 The late 18th century onwards: expansion of commerce and industry (phase 6) ; 5.7 Late 19th and 20th century development ; 6 Conclusions ; References ; Appendices ; 1 Radiocarbon dating programme ; 2 Ceramic building materials ; 3 Macroplant remains ; 4 Fish bone ; 5 Ceramics

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Book SynopsisPost-medieval pottery in the spare time is a collection of papers planned for what would have been the second Europa Postmediaevalis conference. The focus is on the Early Modern period (15th to 18th centuries) and the growing use of new ceramic forms for leisure activities. Although the conference itself could not be held, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the volume nevertheless brings together 28 contributions from authors from nine countries, from Portugal to Russia, from Italian Sardinia to Polish Stargard. A finds assemblage from the United Arab Emirates published by Portuguese colleagues, represents the tenth country. The volume comprises several subtopics which at first glance seem diverse. And yet, be they smoking, drinking coffee or alcohol, garden strolls or games, they share one thing in common: they are hobbies and vices enjoyed mainly in one’s free time. In the Early Modern period, these were typically activities of a rather luxurious nature, initially reserved for those with loftier positions in society but which, over time, gradually filtered down to the lower economic classes. It is therefore not surprising that the greater demand for new activities was also reflected in pottery production. As such, new ceramic forms such as cups, pipes and flowerpots began to appear in Early Modern archaeological assemblages and form the basis of this anthology. The volume will provide readers with useful comparison assemblages and serve as a source of inspiration for subsequent research.Table of ContentsPreface ; 1. LITTLE BIG VICES – TOBACCO SMOKING AND DRINKING AND CAROUSING ; The Image of a Habit. Pipes and the Depiction of Smoking in Central European Art from the Beginning to the First World War - Gerald Volker Grimm ; A Little Vice: Tobacco Smoking in Tuscany from Material Sources - Marcella Giorgio ; Small Daily Vices: A Group of Clay Pipes in Post-Medieval Spoleto - Beatrice Brancazi, Giulia Previti ; Archaeology of Smoking and Tobacco Consumption. New Data from Campania Inland Settlements - Lester Lonardo ; Clay Pipes from Unknown Sites in the Area of Ilok, Croatia - Andrea Rimpf ; Tradition and Beauty – Ottoman Smoking Pipes Based on Materials from the State Hermitage Collection - Marina N. Gavrilova ; White Clay Tobacco Pipes at the Beginning of the 18th-Century in Saint Petersburg Based on Materials from the State Hermitage Collection - Roxana V. Rebrova ; Two Types of Smoking Pipes and a Global Perspective in Rua do Terreiro do Trigo, Lisbon - Miguel Martins de Sousa, José Pedro Henriques, Vanessa Galiza Filipe ; A Contribution to the Coffee-Drinking Culture in Brno, Czech Republic - Lenka Sedláčková, Pavel Staněk ; “A Nice Cup of Tea.” Pottery as Material Evidence of Changes in the Table Culture of 18th-Century Warsaw - Maciej Trzeciecki ; Chinese Porcelain for Tea and Coffee Drinking in the Old Quelba/Khor Kalba Fortress (Sharjah, UAE) - José Pedro Henriques, Rui Carita, Rosa Varela Gomes, Mário Varela Gomes ; 2. TOYS AND JOYS – CERAMIC TOYS AND SPARE TIME ITEMS ; What a Delightful Day: Spare Time Representation on Early Modern Portuguese Ceramics - Tânia Manuel Casimiro ; Poor and Wealthy Children in Post-Medieval Sardinia (16th–20th Century). Ceramic Toys as Markers of Social Status - Marco Milanese ; Ceramic Toys and Spare Time Items of Townspeople in Hetman Ukraine in the 18th Century: On Materials from an Excavation in Poltava Yurii O. Puholovok ; Losing a Piece to Win a Game: Gaming Pieces in Portugal - Vanessa Galiza Filipe, José Pedro Henriques, Tânia Manuel Casimiro ; Blow Your Whistle: Ceramic Whistles in Early Modern Lisbon - Tânia Manuel Casimiro – Carlos Boavida ; A Terracotta Whistle Representing Saint Lazarus from Marmorata Street, Rome - Barbara Ciarrocchi ; 3. HIDDEN GARDEN TREASURES – FLOWERPOTS AND OTHER GARDEN CERAMIC ; Decorated Flowerpots with Mascarons and Other Motifs from Archaeological Excavation in Stargard/Pomerania - Marcin Majewski ; Forgotten Beauties. A Preliminary Study of Post-Medieval Flowerpots from the Czech Republic - Kristýna Matějková ; Garden Pots from the Botanical Garden in Pisa (17th–20th Century) - Giuseppe Clemente ; The Pheasantry of Prague Castle in the 17th and 18th Centuries - Jan Frolík ; Flowerpots and Ceramic Plant Markers. A Case Study from the Muskau Park Excavation in 2017 - Joanna Dąbal ; Not Everything Is as It Seems, a Garden on the Walls of Early Modern Lisbon - Mariana Almeida, Márcio Martingil ; 4. LAST BUT NOT LEAST ; From Heating Needs to Adaptation of Renaissance Patterns. Tiles from Small Towns of Pomerelia from the Second Half of the 14th Century to the End of the 16th Century - Michał Starski ; Late Gothic and Renaissance Stove Tiles from Lietava Castle, Slovakia - Mário Bielich ; Distillation Ceramics from Prague Castle, Czech Republic - Gabriela Blažková, Alexandra Kloužková, Mária Kolářová ; Silesian Workshops of Renaissance Ceramics with Moulded Relief Applications - Jakub Szajt ; Post-Medieval Ceramics from 18th-Century Fortifications in Nebesa near Aš (Czech Republic) - Václav Matoušek, Pavel Drnovský, Petr Hejhal, Ladislav Rytíř, Kateřina Pulcová, Veronika Pulcová ; List of Reviewers

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Book SynopsisThe completion of the transcontinental railroad in May 1869 is usually told as a story of national triumph and a key moment for American Manifest Destiny. The Railroad made it possible to cross the country in a matter of days instead of months, paved the way for new settlers to come out west, and helped speed America's entry onto the world stage as a modern nation that spanned a full continent. It also created vast wealth for its four owners, including the fortune with which Leland Stanford would found Stanford University some two decades later. But while the Transcontinental has often been celebrated in national memory, little attention has been paid to the Chinese workers who made up 90 percent of the workforce on the Western portion of the line. The Railroad could not have been built without Chinese labor, but the lives of Chinese railroad workers themselves have been little understood and largely invisible. This landmark volume explores the experiences of Chinese railroad workers and their place in cultural memory. The Chinese and the Iron Road illuminates more fully than ever before the interconnected economies of China and the US, how immigration across the Pacific changed both nations, the dynamics of the racism the workers encountered, the conditions under which they labored, and their role in shaping both the history of the railroad and the development of the American West.Trade Review"The long-awaited The Chinese and the Iron Road makes visible the previously invisible Chinese railroad workers who built America's first transcontinental railroad. They are given names, family lives, homes, spiritual beliefs, and agency. The research is astounding. The wide variety of interdisciplinary, international, and collaborative perspectives—from archaeology to family history—is revelatory and a model for future collaborative projects. This timely and essential volume preserves the humanity of the often-ignored and forgotten immigrant worker, while also uncovering just how important Chinese American railroad workers were in the making of America and its place in the world."—Erika Lee, author of The Making of Asian America"Destined to become the go-to resource about Chinese railroad workers in the American West. This anthology assembles an international, interdisciplinary team of leading scholars to conduct the most extensive and thoughtful exploration of these near-mythic, yet heretofore scantly researched, historical subjects producing insights not only into the material conditions of their labor and lives but also the ideological implications of their ubiquity contrasted against their individual illegibility."–Madeline Hsu, author of The Good Immigrants: How the Yellow Peril Became the Model Minority"To understand the emergence of the United States as a major player on the world stage, we must recognize the importance of its two-ocean power, which the transcontinental railroad made possible. Deeply researched and richly detailed, The Chinese and the Iron Road brings to life the Chinese immigrants whose work was essential to the railroad's construction."—Thomas Bender, author of A Nation Among Nations: America's Place in World History"When I wrote a play in the early 1980s about Chinese workers on the American transcontinental railroad, information was scarce, and often of questionable accuracy. Gordon H. Chang and Shelley Fisher Fishkin's meticulously researched and beautifully written book fills this critical gap in our nation's history. The Chinese and the Iron Road brings to life the stories of workers who defied incredible odds and gave their lives to unite these states into a nation."—David Henry Hwang, Tony Award–winning playwright of The Dance and the Railroad and M. Butterfly"[An] eclectic and comprehensive study that brings visibility to the monumental and very intimate human stories too long submerged beneath the pageantry of the golden spike ceremony."—Timothy Dean Draper, Journal of American Ethnic History"Scholars Gordon Chang [and Shelley Fisher Fishkin] deserve praise for this...memorial, a commemoration to the almost entirely nameless thousands whose labor became the biographical [Stanford] university itself."—William Deverell, Pacific Historical Review"Gordon H. Chang and Shelley Fisher Fishkin's monumental edited work The Chinese and the Iron Road is an impressive collection of interdisciplinary essays....This collection is essential and provides tools for scholars seeking to understand not only the lives of Chinese railroad workers but also the U.S. West and any other groups that left behind few written sources. Specialists and lay readers alike are encouraged to read this engaging work."—Stephanie Hinnershitz, Journal of American History"[This] exciting collection of scholarly articles represents a major contribution to labor history and to the new wave of Chinese-American studies that is global in scope but intensely focused on recovering and illuminating the lives of the ten- to fifteen- thousand Chinese workers who constructed the Central Pacific Railroad section of the Transcontinental Railroad."—Robert Cliver, Technology and Culture"[Detailed] and informative. The anthology shows the care that these authors and scholars who are part of the Chinese Railroad Workers in North America Project took in trying to piece together a largely unknown narrative. The sheer attempt of such a project is commendable."—Marimas Hosan Mostiller, China Review International"[A] generous and beautiful [offering] to the ghosts of California's landscapes, necessary for the deep reckoning that is sorely needed in that storied place."—Douglas Cazaux Sackman, Reviews in American HistoryTable of ContentsIntroduction —Gordon H. Chang, Shelley Fisher Fishkin, and Hilton Obenzinger 1. Chinese Railroad Workers and the US Transcontinental Railroad in Global Perspective —Gordon H. Chang 2. Chinese Labor Migrants to the Americas in the Nineteenth Century: An Inquiry into Who They Were and the World They Left Behind —Evelyn Hu-DeHart 3. The View from Home: Dreams of Chinese Railroad Workers Across the Pacific —Zhang Guoxiong, with Roland Hsu 4. Overseas Remittances of Chinese Railroad Workers in North America —Yuan Ding, with Roland Hsu 5. Chinese Railroad Workers' Remittance Networks: Insights Based on Qiaoxiang Documents —Liu Jin, with Roland Hsu 6. Archaeological Contributions to Research on Chinese Railroad Workers in North America —Barbara L. Voss 7. Living between Misery and Triumph: The Material Practices of Chinese Railroad Workers in North America —Barbara L. Voss 8. Landscapes of Change: Culture, Nature, and the Archaeological Heritage of Transcontinental Railroads in the North American West —Kelly J. Dixon, with contributions by Gary Weisz, Christopher Merritt, Robert Weaver, and James Bard 9. The Health and Well-being of Chinese Railroad Workers —J. Ryan Kennedy, Sarah Heffner, Virginia Popper, Ryan P. Harrod, and John J. Crandall 10. Religion on the Road: How Chinese Migrants Adapted Popular Religion to an American Context —Kathryn Gin Lum 11. Tracking Memory: Encounters between Chinese Railroad Workers and Native Americans —Hsinya Huang 12. Railroad Frames: Landscapes and the Chinese Railroad Worker in Photography, 18651869 —Denise Khor 13. 'Les fils du Ciel': European Travelers' Accounts of Chinese Railroad Workers —Greg Robinson 14. The Chinese Railroad Worker in United States History Textbooks: A Historical Genealogy, 1849-1965 —William Gow 15. Representing Chinese Railroad Workers in North America: Chinese Historiography and Literature, 19492015 —Yuan Shu 16. History Lessons: Remembering Chinese Railroad Workers in Dragon's Gate and Donald Duk —Pin-chia Feng 17. The Chinese as Railroad Builders after Promontory —Shelley Fisher Fishkin 18. The Construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Transpacific Chinese Diaspora, 18801885 —Zhongping Chen 19. Beyond Railroad Work: Chinese Contributions to the Development of Winnemucca and Elko, Nevada —Sue Fawn Chung 20. The Remarkable Life of a Sometimes Railroad Worker: Chin Gee Hee, 18441929 —Beth Lew-Williams 21. The Chinese and the Stanfords: Nineteenth-Century America's Fraught Relationship with the China Men —Gordon H. Chang

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Book SynopsisThe completion of the transcontinental railroad in May 1869 is usually told as a story of national triumph and a key moment for American Manifest Destiny. The Railroad made it possible to cross the country in a matter of days instead of months, paved the way for new settlers to come out west, and helped speed America's entry onto the world stage as a modern nation that spanned a full continent. It also created vast wealth for its four owners, including the fortune with which Leland Stanford would found Stanford University some two decades later. But while the Transcontinental has often been celebrated in national memory, little attention has been paid to the Chinese workers who made up 90 percent of the workforce on the Western portion of the line. The Railroad could not have been built without Chinese labor, but the lives of Chinese railroad workers themselves have been little understood and largely invisible. This landmark volume explores the experiences of Chinese railroad workers and their place in cultural memory. The Chinese and the Iron Road illuminates more fully than ever before the interconnected economies of China and the US, how immigration across the Pacific changed both nations, the dynamics of the racism the workers encountered, the conditions under which they labored, and their role in shaping both the history of the railroad and the development of the American West.Trade Review"The long-awaited The Chinese and the Iron Road makes visible the previously invisible Chinese railroad workers who built America's first transcontinental railroad. They are given names, family lives, homes, spiritual beliefs, and agency. The research is astounding. The wide variety of interdisciplinary, international, and collaborative perspectives—from archaeology to family history—is revelatory and a model for future collaborative projects. This timely and essential volume preserves the humanity of the often-ignored and forgotten immigrant worker, while also uncovering just how important Chinese American railroad workers were in the making of America and its place in the world."—Erika Lee, author of The Making of Asian America"Destined to become the go-to resource about Chinese railroad workers in the American West. This anthology assembles an international, interdisciplinary team of leading scholars to conduct the most extensive and thoughtful exploration of these near-mythic, yet heretofore scantly researched, historical subjects producing insights not only into the material conditions of their labor and lives but also the ideological implications of their ubiquity contrasted against their individual illegibility."–Madeline Hsu, author of The Good Immigrants: How the Yellow Peril Became the Model Minority"To understand the emergence of the United States as a major player on the world stage, we must recognize the importance of its two-ocean power, which the transcontinental railroad made possible. Deeply researched and richly detailed, The Chinese and the Iron Road brings to life the Chinese immigrants whose work was essential to the railroad's construction."—Thomas Bender, author of A Nation Among Nations: America's Place in World History"When I wrote a play in the early 1980s about Chinese workers on the American transcontinental railroad, information was scarce, and often of questionable accuracy. Gordon H. Chang and Shelley Fisher Fishkin's meticulously researched and beautifully written book fills this critical gap in our nation's history. The Chinese and the Iron Road brings to life the stories of workers who defied incredible odds and gave their lives to unite these states into a nation."—David Henry Hwang, Tony Award–winning playwright of The Dance and the Railroad and M. Butterfly"[An] eclectic and comprehensive study that brings visibility to the monumental and very intimate human stories too long submerged beneath the pageantry of the golden spike ceremony."—Timothy Dean Draper, Journal of American Ethnic History"Scholars Gordon Chang [and Shelley Fisher Fishkin] deserve praise for this...memorial, a commemoration to the almost entirely nameless thousands whose labor became the biographical [Stanford] university itself."—William Deverell, Pacific Historical Review"Gordon H. Chang and Shelley Fisher Fishkin's monumental edited work The Chinese and the Iron Road is an impressive collection of interdisciplinary essays....This collection is essential and provides tools for scholars seeking to understand not only the lives of Chinese railroad workers but also the U.S. West and any other groups that left behind few written sources. Specialists and lay readers alike are encouraged to read this engaging work."—Stephanie Hinnershitz, Journal of American History"[This] exciting collection of scholarly articles represents a major contribution to labor history and to the new wave of Chinese-American studies that is global in scope but intensely focused on recovering and illuminating the lives of the ten- to fifteen- thousand Chinese workers who constructed the Central Pacific Railroad section of the Transcontinental Railroad."—Robert Cliver, Technology and Culture"[Detailed] and informative. The anthology shows the care that these authors and scholars who are part of the Chinese Railroad Workers in North America Project took in trying to piece together a largely unknown narrative. The sheer attempt of such a project is commendable."—Marimas Hosan Mostiller, China Review International"[A] generous and beautiful [offering] to the ghosts of California's landscapes, necessary for the deep reckoning that is sorely needed in that storied place."—Douglas Cazaux Sackman, Reviews in American HistoryTable of ContentsIntroduction —Gordon H. Chang, Shelley Fisher Fishkin, and Hilton Obenzinger 1. Chinese Railroad Workers and the US Transcontinental Railroad in Global Perspective —Gordon H. Chang 2. Chinese Labor Migrants to the Americas in the Nineteenth Century: An Inquiry into Who They Were and the World They Left Behind —Evelyn Hu-DeHart 3. The View from Home: Dreams of Chinese Railroad Workers Across the Pacific —Zhang Guoxiong, with Roland Hsu 4. Overseas Remittances of Chinese Railroad Workers in North America —Yuan Ding, with Roland Hsu 5. Chinese Railroad Workers' Remittance Networks: Insights Based on Qiaoxiang Documents —Liu Jin, with Roland Hsu 6. Archaeological Contributions to Research on Chinese Railroad Workers in North America —Barbara L. Voss 7. Living between Misery and Triumph: The Material Practices of Chinese Railroad Workers in North America —Barbara L. Voss 8. Landscapes of Change: Culture, Nature, and the Archaeological Heritage of Transcontinental Railroads in the North American West —Kelly J. Dixon, with contributions by Gary Weisz, Christopher Merritt, Robert Weaver, and James Bard 9. The Health and Well-being of Chinese Railroad Workers —J. Ryan Kennedy, Sarah Heffner, Virginia Popper, Ryan P. Harrod, and John J. Crandall 10. Religion on the Road: How Chinese Migrants Adapted Popular Religion to an American Context —Kathryn Gin Lum 11. Tracking Memory: Encounters between Chinese Railroad Workers and Native Americans —Hsinya Huang 12. Railroad Frames: Landscapes and the Chinese Railroad Worker in Photography, 18651869 —Denise Khor 13. 'Les fils du Ciel': European Travelers' Accounts of Chinese Railroad Workers —Greg Robinson 14. The Chinese Railroad Worker in United States History Textbooks: A Historical Genealogy, 1849-1965 —William Gow 15. Representing Chinese Railroad Workers in North America: Chinese Historiography and Literature, 19492015 —Yuan Shu 16. History Lessons: Remembering Chinese Railroad Workers in Dragon's Gate and Donald Duk —Pin-chia Feng 17. The Chinese as Railroad Builders after Promontory —Shelley Fisher Fishkin 18. The Construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Transpacific Chinese Diaspora, 18801885 —Zhongping Chen 19. Beyond Railroad Work: Chinese Contributions to the Development of Winnemucca and Elko, Nevada —Sue Fawn Chung 20. The Remarkable Life of a Sometimes Railroad Worker: Chin Gee Hee, 18441929 —Beth Lew-Williams 21. The Chinese and the Stanfords: Nineteenth-Century America's Fraught Relationship with the China Men —Gordon H. Chang

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Book SynopsisAn Archaeology of Capitalism offers an account of landscape and material culture from the later Middle Ages to the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution. In tracing some of the roots of modernity back to the transformation of the countryside, this book seeks an innovative understanding of the transition between feudalism and capitalism, and does so through a unique synthesis of archaeology, economic, social and cultural history, historical geography and architectural history. Medieval and early modern archaeology has in the past focused on small-scale empirical contributions to the study of the period. The approach taken here is both wider-ranging and more ambitious. The author breaks down the dividing lines between archaeological and documentary evidence to provide a vivid reconstruction of pre-industrial material life and of the social and mental processes that came together in the post-medieval period in the transition towards modernity. Matthew Johnson is careful to avoid a simplifying evolutionary explanation, but rather sees the period in terms of a diversity of social and material practices evident in material traces - traces that survive and that, when reused in different contexts, came to mean different things.Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction. 2. Enduring Structures and Historical Understanding. 3. Understanding Enclosure. 4. Housing, Fields, Maps and Cultures. 5. Ordering the World. 6. Archaeologies of Authority. 7. Redefining the Domestic. 8. Thinking about Objects. Conclusion. Glossary. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisAlthough goods traffic accounted in many cases for a higher proportion of railway companies’ revenue than passengers, the buildings associated with it have received very little attention in comparison to their passenger counterparts. They once played as important a role in distribution as the ‘big sheds’ near motorway junctions do today. The book shows how the basic design of goods sheds evolved early in the history of railways, and how the form of goods sheds reflected the function they performed. Although goods sheds largely functioned in the same way, there was considerable scope for variety of architectural expression in their external design. The book brings out how they varied considerably in size from small timber huts to the massive warehouses seen in major cities. It also looks at how many railway companies developed standard designs for these buildings towards the end of the 19th century and at how traditional materials such as timber, brick and stone gave way to steel and concrete in the 20th This building type is subject to a high level of threat with development pressure in urban and suburban areas for both car parking and housing having already accounted for the demise of many of these buildings. Despite this, some 600 have been identified as still extant and the book will, for the first time, provide a comprehensive gazetteer of the surviving examples. Trade ReviewJohn Minnis' excellent new book. ... Clearly written and generously illustrated. ... More than a mere catalogue, the book is also attentive to questions of structure, materials and stylistic expression, and to the influences on the type from beyond the railways' boundaries. ... How these huge buildings functioned, from their clerical routines to the complex physical transfer of goods on, off and between wagons, is fascinating to read.Dr Simon Bradley, The VictorianThe book is profusely illustrated in colour and black and white and manages to make a compelling argument for the development of a 'goods-shed aesthetic' in addition to outlining the historical development of these buildings, their layout and function. ... This book should be seen as an essential starting point in any creative discussion of 'new uses' for this aspect of railway infrastructure.Matt Thompson, Journal of Transport History (US)'A building type that technology has rendered obsolete, they are today used for many different purposes, while a great many have been lost altogether. In part this is due to a failure to appreciate their significance. John Minnis draws attention not only to the range, but also the quality of these seemingly workaday buildings.' Context, the Journal of the Institute of Historic Building ConservationTable of Contents1. How a goods shed functioned 2. The origins and evolution of the goods shed 3. Plan forms 4. Company designs 5. Large goods sheds and warehouses 6. The 20th-century goods shed and warehouse 7. Conservation – by Simon Hickman

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Book SynopsisGlass plays an essential role in our lives and has done for centuries. Glass has not always been so ubiquitous and this book charts the development of the English glass industry from the medieval period to recent times. Medieval glass was a scarce, luxury material used to furnish the tables of the wealthiest members of society, and to glaze only churches and palaces. The industry was small and largely based in rural areas, where the necessary raw materials (in particular wood for fuel) were abundant. In the 16th century, glass manufacture increased and benefited from technological development (largely brought by immigrant glass makers). This encouraged a drop in prices for customers which probably helped to increase the demand for glass. Throughout the 17th century the English glass industry was transformed by the use of new coal-fuelled furnaces, and raw materials, especially seaweed and lead. By the 18th century, glass was routinely used to glaze houses even for the less wealthy members of society, store wine and beer, and serve drinks. The scientific analysis of glass and glass working waste from this period has advanced considerably in recent years and has enriched our understanding of the raw materials and technologies employed in glass manufacture. Trade Review'This book is a ‘must have’ for anyone who is serious about understanding the technological development of English medieval and post-medieval glass. It is aimed particularly at archaeologists, conservation architects and archaeological scientists, but should attract a much wider readership.' David Dungworth, Glass News'David’s renown as a preeminent specialist on historic glass-making is cemented by this impressive book, which is essentially his magnum opus on the subject ... a carefully balanced combination of documentary, chemical and archaeological evidence.' Ian Miller, Industrial Archaeology ReviewTable of Contents1. Introduction: What is glass? 2. An introduction to glass manufacture in England from the 14th to the 20th Century 3. Archaeological and scientific investigation of glass manufacture 4. Forest glass and French immigrants 5. Tableware 6. Bottles 7. Window glass 8. Discussion and conclusions

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Book SynopsisThrough a systematic analysis of the archaeological materials available in both mainland China and Taiwan, Kingly Crafts provides a detailed picture of craft production in Anyang and paves the way for a new understanding of how the Shang capital functioned as a metropolis.Trade ReviewI believe this work to be of great significance to the field. Nothing like it has been published on early China in English, and it establishes the groundwork for future synthetic studies of Shang craft working and economy. Kingly Crafts will be used as an authoritative work for many years to come. -- Roderick B. Campbell, author of Violence, Kinship, and the Early Chinese State: The Shang and Their WorldYung-ti Li sifts through a century’s worth of archaeological data to reconstruct the most up-to-date blueprint for the Shang dynasty’s last capital as a complex and likely planned urban environment—one that integrates layers of elite and nonelite craft production precincts. His vision is fresh and clear-eyed on what the material cultural record can or cannot really tell us—unafraid to question a few of the favored historical-cultural myths. -- Constance A. Cook, author of Ancestors, Kings, and the DaoThis is a much-anticipated synthetic study of craftworking at Anyang focusing on the ‘kingly crafts,’ especially bronze, bone, ivory, shell, and marble. With masterly command of available archaeological data accumulated from ninety years of field investigation and in graceful prose, Li skillfully brings to life the large-scale craft workshop tradition that served the high elite. -- Katheryn Linduff, University of PittsburghAnyang has been excavated every year for nearly a century, and yet the last book-length study in a European language is forty-five years old. Li’s book brings the study of the last capital of the Shang dynasty, the most important location for understanding Chinese civilization at the end of the second millennium BCE, into the twenty-first century. The political and ritual center is shown to be a unique urban nexus of an elite population. Using bronze vessels and inscribed bones, as well as jade, turquoise, lacquer, shells, and wild and exotic animals, Li reconstructs the inner workings of Shang society as only a scholar who is also an excavator can. -- Nancy Shatzman Steinhardt, author of The Borders of Chinese ArchitectureKingly Crafts is a rich and comprehensive study of craft and art works excavated at Anyang, the last royal center of the Shang Dynasty. Most noteworthy about the book is the variety of crafts it considers. A substantial work. -- Ying Wang, University of Wisconsin, MilwaukeeThe writing style is accessible, and the illustrations and data charts are of good quality and well-presented. I would highly recommend this book both to scholars and students of Shang/Chinese archaeology and those interested in exploring comparative studies of craft production in early civilisations. * Antiquity *Table of ContentsList of IllustrationsAcknowledgments1. Identifying and Defining the Issues: Craft Production, Elite Culture, and Urban Centers in Bronze Age China2. Craft Production at the Last Shang Capital3. A Craft of Clay and Metal: Section-mold Casting Technology and the Anyang Bronze Industry4. Bone Technology, Production Contexts, and the Bone Workshops5. Locating the Royal Workshop and Other Crafts6. Long Live the King: Anyang and Its LegacyNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisVisits to country houses are an important leisure pursuit throughout the British Isles, not just to appreciate their superb architecture, great paintings and elaborate furniture but also to experience something of the past life of our great families and their households. Mark Girouard suggested in Life in the English Country House that ‘even when the customs have gone, the houses remain, enriched by the accumulated alterations, and often accumulated contents of several centuries. Abandoned lifestyles can be disinterred from them in much the same way as from the layers of an archaeological dig’. By the 19th century, life in most country houses changed as a result of various technical inventions such as improved water supplies, flushing water closets, boilers and pipes to provide central heating, internal communications by bells and then telephones, and better lighting by means of gas and electricity. Country houses, however, were usually too far from urban centres to take advantage of centralised sources of supply and so were obliged to set up their own systems if they wanted any of these services to improve the comfort of daily living. Some landowners chose to do this; others did not, and this book examines the motivations for their decisions. It also sets out to discover what evidence has survived for the impact of technological innovation on the buildings, contents, parks and gardens of country houses and on the lives of the people within them. In the course of their research, the authors have visited nearly one hundred houses around the United Kingdom, mostly those open to the public and the majority in the hands of the National Trust. Many books have been devoted to the life of those in domestic service in such houses, but this book looks not so much at the social records of their lives as the actual physical evidence for the greater levels of comfort and convenience sought by landowners in country houses from the 18th to the early 20th centuries.Trade Review'Technology in the Country House brings together the findings of extensive investigation and research started almost 20 years ago by the late Nigel Seeley to record all early mechanical, electrical, gas and water systems on the National Trust’s estate [...] The result is a book which will be invaluable to everyone involved in conserving historic buildings.' Jonathan Taylor, Context, the Journal of the Institute of Historic Building Conservation'This book is filled with superb photographs and a selection of contemporary illustrations for example pages from sales catalogues for bell cranks and pulls [...] provides an interesting overview of technological advances in houses and estates, and raises awareness that minimal intervention needs to be considered when dealing with historic services too.' Kate Andrew, Society for Protection of Ancient Buildings Magazine'An enjoyable and informative journey back in time [...] The book is a remarkable tour de force, a must for anyone who has an interest in reading how during the 18th & 19th centuries these Country Houses and their Estates with their occupants contributed to the formation of the building services industry.'Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers’ Heritage GroupTable of Contents1. Introduction: the background to technological change in country houses 2. Beyond the house: technological innovation in estate buildings, parks and gardens 3. Water supply and sanitation 4. Lighting and energy production 5. Heating and ventilation 6. Food preparation and storage 7. Communications: bells and telephones 8. Transportation 9. Security 10. Conclusion

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisBecause of the sheer volume of industrial debris and the limited information it yields, quarries are challenging archaeological subjects. Michael J. Shott tackles this challenge in a study of flakes and preforms from the Modena and Tempiute obsidian quarries of North America's Great Basin. Using new statistical methods combined with experimental controls and mass analysis, Shott extracts detailed information from debris assemblages, and parses them by successive 'stages' of reduction continua. The book also reports the first test of the behavioral ecology field-processing model that treats quarry biface production in continuous terms, and estimates the production efficiency of prehistoric Great Basin knappers. After mapping and interpreting the abundance and distribution of quarry products, Shott concludes by charting future lines of research in the analysis of large toolstone sources. Whatever area of the world and technological traditions they research, lithic analysts will learn much from this book's approach to complex archaeological deposits and their constituent artifacts.

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Book SynopsisThe Basketmaker presence in southern Utah has traditionally been viewed as peripheral to developments originating in the Four Corners region. Far Western Basketmaker Beginnings offers an entirely new and provocative perspective—that the origins of farming on the northern Colorado Plateau are instead found far to the west along Kanab Creek. This volume, based on the results of excavations at Jackson Flat Reservoir south of Kanab, examines a litany of firsts: the earliest Archaic pithouses ever found in this region, evidence that maize farmers arrived here a thousand years earlier than previously reported, and the emergence of a complex Basketmaker farming and foraging culture. Specialists in Far Western Puebloan culture, architecture, settlement patterns, subsistence, chronometry, and prehistoric technologies make a compelling case that farming was introduced to the region by San Pedro immigrants, and that the blending of farmers with local foraging groups gave rise to a Basketmaker lifeway by 200 BC. This book marks a giant leap forward in archaeologists’ understanding of the earliest maize farmers north and west of the Colorado River.

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Book SynopsisA guide to the industrial archaeology of the Plym valley.

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