Satellite communication technology Books
MIT Press Ltd Spatial Computing MIT Press Essential Knowledge
Book SynopsisAn accessible guide to the ideas and technologies underlying such applications as GPS, Google Maps, Pokémon Go, ride-sharing, driverless cars, and drone surveillance.Billions of people around the globe use various applications of spatial computing daily—by using a ride-sharing app, GPS, the e911 system, social media check-ins, even Pokémon Go. Scientists and researchers use spatial computing to track diseases, map the bottom of the oceans, chart the behavior of endangered species, and create election maps in real time. Drones and driverless cars use a variety of spatial computing technologies. Spatial computing works by understanding the physical world, knowing and communicating our relation to places in that world, and navigating through those places. It has changed our lives and infrastructures profoundly, marking a significant shift in how we make our way in the world. This volume in the MIT Essential Knowledge series explains the technologies
£14.24
Taylor & Francis Ltd Arctic Ecological Research from Microwave
Book SynopsisActive (imaging radar) and passive (radiometer) microwave systems are increasingly used for Arctic ecological research. Unfortunately, until now ecologists interested in remote sensing often lacked access to the full suite of physical and analytical techniques of microwave systems, data processing, and ecological applications because a suitable reference book did not exist. Arctic Ecological Research from Microwave Satellite Observations answers this demand by summarizing the main microwave satellite applications for Arctic ecological research. This book is invaluable to specialists with a background in microwave techniques, as well as to other ecologists interested in applications of microwave active and passive remote sensing for tundra, boreal forest, and Arctic sea-ice habitat and marine mammal studies. It presents a brief introduction to Arctic ecological problems, the role of satellite sensing for monitoring Arctic ecosystems, and related data processing applicatiTrade Review"…offers new light into the types of Russian data not normally available or known about to most western scientists. Polar Record, 2005Table of ContentsIntroduction to Arctic ecological research and microwave remote sensing. Russian microwave satellites: Main Missions, characteristics and applications. Arctic marine mammal sea ice habitat studies using active and passive microwave satellite data. Investigating variability in Arctic sea ice distribution using OKEAN and ALMAZ SAR satellite data. Comparative analysis of OKEAN-01, SSM/I and AVHRR satellite data for monitoring of arctic sea ice habitat. Boreal forest habitat studies using OKEAn-01 satellite data. Comparative assessment of ALMAZ-1 SAR, ERS-1 SAR, JERS-1 SAR and Landsat-TM satellite data for tundra habitat studies. Dependence between SAR data focusing parameters and efficiency of discriminating tundra habitat. Studying regional aspects of polar bear (ursus maritimus) ecology in the Russian Arctic using satellite data. Detection of sensitive Boreal forest types to monitor and assess potential impact of climate change.
£42.74
Elsevier Science Satellite Interferometry Data Interpretation and
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. SAR Interferometry 3. Key InSAR technical aspects – description of InSAR technical aspects 4. European Ground Motion Service – description of the service 5. Data analysis and interpretation case studies 6. Interferometric data validation 7. Conclusions
£124.20
John Wiley & Sons Inc UMTS Signaling UMTS Interfaces Protocols Message
Book SynopsisThis completely revised and updated edition of the highly successful UMTS Signaling provides a deep insight into all aspects of UMTS signalling. The chapter structure has been reworked for improved "usability" for readers, as well as including many new features and updates.Table of ContentsPreface xiii Acknowledgments xvii About the Authors xix 1 UMTS Basics 1 1.1 Standards 2 1.2 Network Architecture 4 1.2.1 GSM 4 1.2.2 UMTS Release 99 5 1.2.3 UMTS Release 4 7 1.2.4 UMTS Release 5 8 1.2.5 HSPA 12 1.2.6 UMTS Release 6 21 1.2.7 UMTS Release 7 and Beyond 24 1.2.8 TD-SCDMA 26 1.3 UMTS Interfaces 28 1.3.1 Iu Interface 28 1.3.2 Iub Interface 29 1.3.3 Iur Interface 29 1.4 UMTS Domain Architecture 31 1.5 UTRAN 31 1.5.1 RNC 33 1.5.2 Node B 35 1.5.3 Area Concept 35 1.5.4 UMTS User Equipment and USIM 36 1.5.5 Mobiles 38 1.5.6 QoS Architecture 39 1.6 UMTS Security 41 1.6.1 Historic Development 41 1.6.2 UMTS Security Architecture 46 1.6.3 Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) 48 1.6.4 Kasumi/Misty 53 1.6.5 Integrity – Air Interface Integrity Mechanism 55 1.6.6 Confidentiality – Encryption (Ciphering) on Uu and Iub 58 1.6.7 UMTS Network Transactions 63 1.7 Radio Interface Basics 63 1.7.1 Duplex Methods 64 1.7.2 Multiple Access Methods 64 1.7.3 UMTS CDMA 65 1.7.4 CDMA Spreading/Channelization 66 1.7.5 Microdiversity – Multipath (FDD and TDD) 67 1.7.6 Microdiversity – Softer Handover (FDD) 67 1.7.7 Macrodiversity – Soft Handover (FDD) 68 1.7.8 UMTS Spreading (FDD and TDD) 68 1.7.9 Scrambling 69 1.7.10 Coding Summary (FDD) 69 1.7.11 Signal to Interference (FDD) 69 1.7.12 Cell Breathing (FDD) 70 1.7.13 UMTS Channels (FDD and TDD) 72 1.7.14 Transport Channels (FDD and TDD) 74 1.7.15 Common Transport Channels (FDD and TDD) 74 1.7.16 Dedicated Transport Channels (FDD and TDD) 75 1.7.17 Initial UE Radio Access (FDD) 76 1.7.18 Power Control (FDD and TDD) 77 1.7.19 UE Random Access (FDD) 79 1.7.20 Power Control in Soft Handover (FDD) 80 1.8 UMTS Network Protocol Architecture 81 1.8.1 Iub – Control Plane 82 1.8.2 Iub – User Plane 83 1.8.3 Iur – User/Control Plane 84 1.8.4 luCS – User/Control Plane 85 1.8.5 IuPS – User/Control Plane 86 1.8.6 E – User/Control Plane 86 1.8.7 Gn – User/Control Plane 87 1.9 SIGTRAN 87 1.10 ATM 89 1.10.1 ATM Cell 90 1.10.2 ATM Layer Architecture 91 1.10.3 ATM Adaption Layer (AAL) 91 1.10.4 AAL2 92 1.10.5 AAL5 92 1.11 User Plane Framing Protocol 93 1.11.1 Frame Architecture 93 1.11.2 FP Control Frame Architecture 94 1.12 Medium Access Protocol (MAC) 95 1.12.1 MAC Architecture 95 1.12.2 MAC Data PDU 96 1.12.3 MAC Header Alternatives 98 1.13 Radio Link Control (RLC) 98 1.13.1 RLC Services 99 1.13.2 RLC Functions 100 1.13.3 RLC Architecture 102 1.13.4 RLC Data PDUs 103 1.13.5 Other RLC PDUs 104 1.14 Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol (SSCOP) 104 1.14.1 Example SSCOP 105 1.15 Service Specific Coordination Function (SSCF) 106 1.16 Message Transfer Part Level 3 – Broadband (MTP3-B) 106 1.17 Internet Protocol (IP) 107 1.17.1 IPv4 Frame Architecture 108 1.18 Signaling Transport Converter (STC) 108 1.19 Signaling Connection Control Part (SCCP) 109 1.19.1 Example SCCP 110 1.20 Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) in UMTS 111 1.20.1 ASN.1 BER 111 1.20.2 ASN.1 PER 112 1.21 Radio Resource Control (RRC) 112 1.21.1 RRC States (3GPP 25.331) 113 1.21.2 System Information Blocks (SIBs) 118 1.22 Node B Application Part (NBAP) 124 1.22.1 NBAP Functions 124 1.22.2 NBAP Elementary Procedures (EPs) 125 1.22.3 Example – NBAP 126 1.23 Radio Network Subsystem Application Part (RNSAP) 126 1.23.1 RNSAP Functions 126 1.23.2 Example – RNSAP Procedures 127 1.24 Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP) 128 1.24.1 RANAP Elementary Procedures (EPs) 129 1.24.2 Example – RANAP Procedure 131 1.25 ATM Adaptation Layer Type 2 – Layer 3 (AAL2L3/ALCAP) 131 1.25.1 AAL2L3 Message Format 131 1.25.2 Example – AAL2L3 Procedure 132 1.26 IU User Plane Protocol 134 1.26.1 Iu UP Transparent Mode 134 1.26.2 Iu UP Support Mode Data Frames 134 1.26.3 Iu UP Support Mode Control Frames 136 1.26.4 Example – Iu UP Support Mode Message Flow 136 1.27 Adaptive Multirate (AMR) Codec 136 1.27.1 AMR IF1 Frame Architecture 138 1.28 Terminal Adaptation Function (TAF) 138 1.29 Radio Link Protocol (RLP) 139 1.30 Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) 140 1.30.1 PDCP PDU Format 140 1.31 Broadcast/Multicast Control (BMC) 141 1.31.1 BMC Architecture 141 1.32 Circuit-Switched Mobility Management (MM) 141 1.33 Circuit-Switched Call Control (CC) 142 1.34 Example – Mobile Originated Call (Circuit Switched) 143 1.35 Packet-Switched Mobility Management (GMM) 144 1.36 Packet-Switched Session Management (SM) 144 1.37 Example – Activate PDP Context (Packet Switched) 145 2 Short Introduction to Network Monitoring, Troubleshooting, and Network Optimization 147 2.1 Iub Monitoring 147 2.1.1 IMA 147 2.1.2 Fractional ATM 148 2.1.3 Load Sharing and Addressing on Iub 149 2.1.4 Troubleshooting Iub Monitoring Scenarios 150 2.2 Iu Monitoring 151 2.2.1 Troubleshooting Iu Monitoring 154 2.3 Network Optimization and Network Troubleshooting 155 2.3.1 Cell-related Performance Relevant Data 159 2.3.2 Call-related Performance Relevant Data 164 3 UMTS UTRAN Signaling Procedures 171 3.1 Iub – Node B Setup 172 3.1.1 Overview 172 3.1.2 Message Flow 173 3.2 Iub – IMSI/GPRS Attach Procedure 191 3.2.1 Overview 191 3.2.2 Message Flow 192 3.3 Iub CS – Mobile Originated Call 205 3.3.1 Overview 206 3.3.2 Message Flow 207 3.4 Iub CS – Mobile Terminated Call 217 3.4.1 Overview 217 3.4.2 Message Flow 219 3.5 Iub PS – PDP Context Activation/Deactivation 223 3.5.1 Overview 225 3.5.2 Message Flow 226 3.6 Iub – IMSI/GPRS Detach Procedure 235 3.6.1 Overview 235 3.6.2 Message Flow 236 3.7 RRC Measurement Procedures 239 3.7.1 RRC Measurement Types 239 3.7.2 Cell Categories 239 3.7.3 Measurement Initiation for Intrafrequency Measurement 240 3.7.4 Intrafrequency Measurement Events 241 3.7.5 Intrafrequency Measurement Report 244 3.7.6 Intrafrequency Measurement Modification 245 3.7.7 Measurement Initiation for Interfrequency Measurement 247 3.7.8 Further RRC Measurement Groups 248 3.7.9 Changing Reporting Conditions After Transition to CELL FACH 249 3.8 Iub – Physical Channel Reconfiguration (PDPC) 250 3.8.1 Message Flow 251 3.9 Channel Type Switching 259 3.9.1 Overview 259 3.9.2 Message Flow 261 3.10 Iub – Mobile-Originated Call with Soft Handover (Inter-Node B, Intra-RNC) 272 3.10.1 Overview 272 3.10.2 Message Flow (Figure 3.70) 273 3.11 Iub – Softer Handover 286 3.11.1 Overview 286 3.11.2 Message Flow 287 3.12 Iub Interfrequency Hard Handover FDD 290 3.12.1 Interfrequency Hard Handover Overview 291 3.12.2 FDD Interfrequency Inter-Node B Hard Handover Call Flow 292 3.13 RRC Measurements in Compressed Mode and Typical Call Drop 296 3.13.1 Message Flow 296 3.14 High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) 301 3.14.1 HSDPA Cell Setup 302 3.14.2 HSDPA Basic Call 304 3.14.3 Mobility Management and Handover Procedures in HSDPA 310 3.14.4 Troubleshooting HSDPA Calls 318 3.14.5 Proprietary Descriptions of HSDPA Call/Mobility Scenarios 320 3.15 High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) 323 3.15.1 HSUPA Cell Setup 324 3.15.2 HSUPA Call Scenarios 325 3.15.3 HSUPA Basic Call 328 3.16 NBAP Measurements 330 3.16.1 NBAP Common Measurements 331 3.16.2 NBAP Dedicated Measurements 334 4 TDD (TD-SCDMA) Iub Signaling Procedures 339 4.1 TD-SCDMA Radio Interface Structure and Radio Resource Allocation 340 4.1.1 TD-SCDMA Mobile Originated Speech Call Setup 343 4.1.2 RRC Measurements in TD-SCDMA Radio Mode 349 4.1.3 Intra-Cell Interfrequency Handover in TD-SCDMA 352 4.1.4 Inter-Cell Interfrequency Handover 353 4.1.5 Multi-Service Call CS/PS with Inter-Node B Handover 356 5 Iu and Iur Signaling Procedures 363 5.1 Iub-Iu – Location Update 363 5.1.1 Message Flow 364 5.2 Iub-Iu – Mobile-Originated Call 370 5.2.1 Overview 370 5.2.2 Message Flow 372 5.3 Iub-Iu – Mobile-Terminated Call 378 5.3.1 Overview 378 5.3.2 Message Flow 379 5.4 Iub-Iu – Attach 384 5.4.1 Overview 384 5.4.2 Message Flow 385 5.5 Iub-Iu – PDPC Activation/Deactivation 387 5.5.1 Overview 387 5.5.2 Message Flow 388 5.6 Streaming PS Service and Secondary PDP Context 394 5.6.1 Message Flow 395 5.7 Iub-Iu – Detach 398 5.7.1 Overview 398 5.7.2 Message Flow 399 5.8 Iub-Iur – Soft Handover (Inter-Node B, Inter-RNC) 401 5.8.1 Overview 401 5.8.2 Message Flow 402 5.9 Iub-Iu – RRC Re-Establishment (Inter-Node B, Inter-RNC) 412 5.9.1 Overview 412 5.9.2 Message Flow 414 5.10 SRNS Relocation (UE not Involved) 419 5.10.1 Overview 420 5.10.2 Message Flow 421 5.11 SRNS Relocation (UE Involved) 426 5.11.1 Overview 427 5.11.2 Message Flow 429 5.12 Short Message Service (SMS) in UMTS Networks 437 5.12.1 SMS Network Architecture Overview 437 5.12.2 SMS Protocol Architecture 438 5.12.3 Mobile-Originated Short Message 439 5.12.4 Mobile-Terminated Short Message 446 6 Signaling Procedures in the 3G Core Network 453 6.1 ISUP/BICC Call Setup 453 6.1.1 Address Parameters for ISUP/BICC Messages 454 6.1.2 ISUP Call (Successful) 454 6.1.3 ISUP Call (Unsuccessful) 455 6.1.4 BICC Call Setup on E Interface Including IuCS Signaling 458 6.2 Gn Interface Signaling 462 6.2.1 PDF Context Creation on Gn (GTP-C and GTP-U) 464 6.2.2 GTP-C Location Management 465 6.2.3 GTP-C Mobility Management 465 6.2.4 SGSN Relocation 467 6.2.5 Example GTP 467 6.3 Procedures on the Gs Interface 469 6.3.1 Location Update via Gs 469 6.3.2 Detach Indication via Gs 470 6.3.3 Paging via Gs 470 6.4 Signaling on Interfaces Toward HLR 470 6.4.1 Addressing on MAP Interfaces 472 6.4.2 MAP Architecture 473 6.4.3 MAP Signaling Example 475 6.5 Inter-3G MSC Handover Procedure 477 6.5.1 Inter-3G MSC Handover Overview 480 6.5.2 Inter-3G MSC Handover Call Flow 482 6.6 Inter-3G-2G-3G MSC Handover Procedure 486 6.6.1 Inter-3G-2G MSC Handover/Relocation Overview (Figure 6.42) 489 6.6.2 Inter-3G-2G MSC Handover Call Flow 490 6.6.3 Inter-3G-2G MSC Handover Messages on E Interface 494 6.6.4 Inter-2G-3G MSC Handover/Relocation Overview 495 6.6.5 Inter-2G-3G MSC Subsequent Handover Messages on the E Interface 500 6.6.6 2G-3G CS Inter-RAT Handover on IuCS and Iub Interface 501 6.6.7 PS Inter-RAT Mobility 506 6.7 Customized Application for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) 509 6.7.1 IN/CAMEL Network Architecture 510 6.7.2 CAMEL Basic Call State Model 511 6.7.3 Charging Operation Using CAMEL 512 6.7.4 CAMEL Signaling Example for GPRS Charging 513 6.8 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) 517 6.8.1 IMS PDP Context Activation Basics 517 6.8.2 IMS UE-UE Call Basics 518 Glossary 521 Bibliography 537 Index 541
£117.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc Tracking and Kalman Filtering Made Easy
Book SynopsisThis book is about radar tracking and the use of filters, particularly Kalman Filters. Tracking of moving targets, such as satellites, is complicated by the introduction of errors into the measurements resulting from noise and non-uniform vehicle motion. Such errors are smoothed out by filters.Table of ContentsTRACKING, PREDICTION, AND SMOOTHING BASICS. g and g-h-k Filters. Kalman Filter. Practical Issues for Radar Tracking. LEAST-SQUARES FILTERING, VOLTAGE PROCESSING, ADAPTIVE ARRAYPROCESSING, AND EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER. Least-Squares and Minimum-Variance Estimates for LinearTime-Invariant Systems. Fixed-Memory Polynomial Filter. Expanding- Memory (Growing-Memory) Polynomial Filters. Fading-Memory (Discounted Least-Squares) Filter. General Form for Linear Time-Invariant System. General Recursive Minimum-Variance Growing-Memory Filter (Bayes andKalman Filters without Target Process Noise). Voltage Least-Squares Algorithms Revisited. Givens Orthonormal Transformation. Householder Orthonormal Transformation. Gram--Schmidt Orthonormal Transformation. More on Voltage-Processing Techniques. Linear Time-Variant System. Nonlinear Observation Scheme and Dynamic Model (Extended KalmanFilter). Bayes Algorithm with Iterative Differential Correction forNonlinear Systems. Kalman Filter Revisited. Appendix. Problems. Symbols and Acronyms. Solution to Selected Problems. References. Index.
£143.95
John Wiley & Sons Inc CDMA Access and Switching for Terrestrial and
Book SynopsisCDMA is an integral part of next generation wireless communications. This work covers both CDMA and TDMA-based satellite communications. It provides an overview of related satellite systems and services and presents research and designs of spectrally efficient systems.Trade Review"...a useful companion for broadcast developers and researchers..." (EBU Technical Review, 24 September 2002)Table of ContentsPreface. The Generalized CDMA. Spreading Sequences. Switched CDMA Networks. Code Division Switching. The Satellite Switched CDMA Throughput. The Spectrally Efficient CDMA Performance. Network Access and Synchronization. Carrier Recovery for 'Sub-Coherent' CDMA. Nonlinear Amplification of Synchronous CDMA. Optimization Techniques for 'Pseudo-Orthogonal' CDMA. Index.
£181.76
Institute of Physics Publishing Wearable Communication Systems and Antennas
Book SynopsisThe main objective of this book is to present efficient wearable systems, compact sensors and antennas for Communication and Healthcare Systems. The major application of wearable Body Area Networks (BANs), and of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), is to help physicians to monitor the health of their patients.This book may serve students and design engineers as a reference book. It presents new designs in the area of wearable systems and antennas, metamaterial antennas, fractal antennas and active receiving and transmitting antennas.The new edition presents new wearable active and passive microstrip circular antennas, green electronic technologies, microwave measurements, ethic dilemmas and considerations in development of wearable devices. Key FeaturesEach chapter covers mathematical detail and explanations to enable electrical, electromagnetic, communication, system, and biomedical engineer
£108.00
John Wiley & Sons Inc Telecommunications Network Management
Book SynopsisThis volume brings together the full range of topics intelecommunications network management, including the evolution ofmanagement techniques and first-hand accounts of managementexperiences in new technologies and services. The reader willunderstand how information modeling and distributed management helpin simplifying network representation, introducing computingplatforms, where necessary, and offsetting operationscosts.Telecommunications Network Management is key to successfullykeeping up with the increasingly market-driven telecommunicationsfield. It covers a wide range of topics from the evolution ofmanagement techniques to the experiences of management in newtechnologies and services. Where the authors'' previous book,NETWORK MANAGEMENT INTO THE 21st CENTURY, introduced networkmanagement techniques, standards, and applications, this bookcovers the implementation of these concepts in today''stelecommunications industry. Foremost experts in the field havecontributed all original maTable of ContentsGuest Introduction. Editors' Introduction. Information Modeling and Its Role in Network Management (L. Raman). OSI Systems Management, Internet SNMP, and ODP/OMG CORBA as Technologies for Telecommunications Network Management (G. Pavlou). Management Platforms (G. Pauthner & J. Power). Management of Personal Communications Services (PCS) Networks (V. K. Garg). Managing Mobile Networks: From Cellular Systems to Satellite Networks (Y. Yemini & G. Moss). Management of CATV Networks (J. Brouse & M. Beshir). Architectural Integrity as a Countermeasure to Complexity in the Telecommunications Management System Life Cycle (M. Ahrens). The Impact of Telecommunications in Europe and the Requirement for Network Management (E. Bagnasco & M. Geymonat). Index. About the Editors.
£159.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc 5G NonTerrestrial Networks
Book Synopsis5G Non-Terrestrial Networks Provides a complete and detailed description of the non-terrestrial component in the 5G ecosystem 5G Non-Terrestrial Networks is the first multi-authored reference dedicated to the integration of non-terrestrial networks (NTN) into the 5G ecosystem. Written by leaders in the development of the 3GPP 5G NTN specification, this authoritative resource addresses all key aspects of non-terrestrial components of 5G systems, including standardization, architecture, protocols, and regulatory considerations. Drawing from their expertise in academic and industrial research and development, the authors introduce fundamental principles of non-terrestrial communications, define the NTN architecture and radio protocol stacks, describe applications to support mobility and radio resource management, and more. The book covers 5G New Radio-based technology for NTN as well as LTE NB-IoT/eMTC, providing a well-rounded understanding of the unique chaTable of ContentsPreface xiii About the Authors xvii Acknowledgments xxi Acronyms xxv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 What is 5G NTN? 3 1.2 Use Cases for 5G NTN 7 1.3 ITU-R Vision and Requirements on the Satellite Component of IMT-2020 9 1.3.1 Satellite Component of IMT-2020: Usage Scenarios 9 1.3.2 Requirements for the Satellite Radio Interface(s) of IMT-2020 9 1.4 NTN Roadmap in 3GPP 11 1.5 3GPP Requirements for 5G via Satellite 13 1.6 Technical Challenges 13 1.7 Satellite RAN Architecture 15 1.8 NTN Spectrum 17 1.9 3GPP Work on NTN in Release-15 and Release-16 19 1.10 3GPP work on NTN in Release-17 and Release-18 21 1.11 NTN in Release-19 and Beyond 32 1.12 3GPP and Standardization 33 References 36 2 The 3GPP 5G Overview 39 2.1 Introduction 39 2.2 5G System Architecture 40 2.2.1 5G Core Network 40 2.2.2 NG Radio Access Network 41 2.2.3 Dual Connectivity 42 2.2.4 Connectivity Options 43 2.2.5 Split Architecture 44 2.2.5.1 CU–DU Split 44 2.2.5.2 CP–UP Split 46 2.2.6 IoT and MTC Aspects 47 2.3 3GPP and 5G Standardization 48 References 49 3 Non-Terrestrial Networks Overview 53 3.1 Elements of a Satellite Communications System 53 3.2 Orbits and Constellations 55 3.2.1 Principles of Orbital Motion 55 3.2.2 Types of Orbits 60 3.2.3 Constellation Design 65 3.2.4 Satellite Orbit Determination and Prediction 67 3.3 Propagation and Link Performance 69 3.3.1 Earth–Satellite Geometry 69 3.3.1.1 Delay Characterization 72 3.3.1.2 Doppler Characterization 76 3.3.2 Link Performance 77 3.3.2.1 Antenna Parameters and Received Power 78 3.3.2.2 Additional Losses 79 3.3.2.3 Individual Link Performance 81 3.3.2.4 Overall Link Performance 82 3.3.2.5 NTN Link Budget Examples 82 References 89 4 NR NTN Architecture and Network Protocols 91 4.1 Introduction 91 4.2 Architecture Overview 91 4.2.1 NG Interface Functions 94 4.2.2 Xn Interface Functions 95 4.3 User Plane and Control Plane 96 4.3.1 Control Plane 96 4.3.2 User Plane 97 4.4 Interworking with Terrestrial Mobile Networks 98 4.4.1 Mobility 98 4.4.2 Dual Connectivity 99 4.5 Impact on Other Technologies: IoT NTN 99 4.6 Regenerative Architectures 100 4.6.1 NG-RAN Node on Satellite 101 4.6.2 Split Architectures 102 4.6.2.1 CU–DU Split 103 4.6.2.2 Lower-layer Split 104 4.7 Conclusions 108 References 109 5 NR NTN Radio Interface 111 5.1 Introduction 111 5.2 NR Basic Transmission Scheme 112 5.2.1 NR Waveform 112 5.2.2 Modulation and Coding Scheme 114 5.2.3 Channel Coding 114 5.2.4 NR Multiple Access Scheme 114 5.2.5 NR Frame Structure 115 5.2.6 Bandwidth Part Operation 117 5.2.7 NR Radio Channels 117 5.2.8 NR Reference Signals 119 5.2.9 Multi-antenna System 120 5.2.9.1 MIMO Schemes 120 5.2.9.2 Beam Management 121 5.2.9.3 Polarization Signaling in NTN 121 5.3 Downlink Synchronization Procedure in NTN 123 5.4 Uplink Synchronization Procedure in NTN 124 5.4.1 Uplink Timing Control 124 5.4.1.1 Uplink Timing Control in NR TN 125 5.4.1.2 Uplink Timing Control in NR NTN 127 5.4.1.3 NTN Higher-layer Parameters for Uplink Timing Control 132 5.4.1.4 Timing Advance Adjustment Delay 142 5.4.2 Uplink Frequency Synchronization 145 5.5 NR Timing Relationships Enhancements for NR NTN 147 5.5.1 Timing Relationships Enhanced With Koffset 147 5.5.1.1 Random-access Procedure in NTN 150 5.5.1.2 Resource Allocation in Time Domain 154 5.5.1.3 Other Timing Relationships Enhanced With Koffset 156 5.5.2 Timing Relationships Enhanced With kmac 158 5.5.2.1 Uplink Power Control 162 5.5.2.2 Beam Failure Recovery 163 5.6 Hybrid ARQ Enhancements for NR NTN 164 5.6.1 HARQ Functionality Basics 164 5.6.2 Increasing the Number of HARQ Processes in NTN 166 5.6.3 Disabling HARQ Feedback in NTN 170 5.6.3.1 Disabling HARQ Feedback Activation 170 5.6.3.2 HARQ ACK Codebook Enhancements 171 5.6.4 Transmission Timing for HARQ-ACK on PUCCH 175 5.6.4.1 Transmission Timing for HARQ-ACK on PUCCH in Terrestrial Network 175 5.6.4.2 Transmission Timing for HARQ-ACK on PUCCH in NTN 176 5.6.4.3 PDSCH Scheduling Restriction 177 References 179 6 Impacts on the System Architecture and Network Protocol Aspects 181 6.1 Introduction 181 6.2 5G QoS and NTN 181 6.3 Network Attach, AMF Selection, and UE Location 183 6.3.1 Network Identities 183 6.3.2 Multiple TACs Support 184 6.3.3 UE Attach and Location Verification 185 6.4 Random-access Procedure 186 6.5 Other Enhancements at MAC 189 6.5.1 Hybrid ARQ Operation Enhancements 189 6.5.2 Logical Channel Prioritization Enhancements 190 6.5.3 Enhancements on DRX Functionality 191 6.5.4 Extension of Other MAC Timers 192 6.6 RLC, PDCP Enhancements 193 6.6.1 RLC Sublayer 193 6.6.2 PDCP Sublayer 194 6.7 NTN-specific System Information 194 6.8 Mobility Aspects 196 6.8.1 Idle Mode and Inactive Mode Mobility 196 6.8.1.1 Location-based Measurement 199 6.8.1.2 Time-based Measurement 199 6.8.2 Connected Mode Mobility 200 6.8.2.1 RRM Enhancements 201 6.8.2.2 Conditional Handover 203 6.9 Feeder Link Switchover 203 6.10 Network Management Aspects 205 References 211 7 RF and RRM Requirements 213 7.1 Frequency Bands In Which NTN Can Operate 213 7.1.1 Satellite Networks 213 7.1.2 HAPS-based Networks 216 7.2 NTN Architecture and Interfaces 217 7.3 Definition of RF Performances and Related Methodology 219 7.3.1 Coexistence Analysis 224 7.3.2 RF Performances 224 7.4 RRM Requirements 226 7.4.1 System Aspect 226 References 229 8 NB-IoT and eMTC in NTN 231 8.1 Overview 231 8.1.1 Cellular IoT in 3GPP Roadmap 233 8.1.2 Study Item on IoT NTN 236 8.1.3 Normative Work on IoT NTN 237 8.2 Architecture and Deployments Scenarios 237 8.2.1 Potential Use Cases 237 8.2.2 System Architecture 238 8.2.3 NTN IoT Spectrum 242 8.3 Enhancements for NB-IoT/eMTC Support in NTN 243 8.3.1 Timing and Frequency Pre-compensation 243 8.3.1.1 Uplink Synchronization Validity Duration 247 8.3.1.2 GNSS Operation in IoT NTN 247 8.3.2 Timing Relationship Enhancements 250 8.3.3 Discontinuous Coverage and Assistance Information 253 8.3.4 Mobility Management 255 8.3.5 Feeder-link Switchover 256 8.3.6 Network-interfaces Signaling Aspects 256 8.3.7 MME(Re-)Selection by eNB 257 8.3.8 Verification of UE Location 257 8.3.9 O&M Requirements 257 8.3.10 Other NAS Protocol Aspects 257 References 258 9 Release 18 and Beyond 261 9.1 NTN in the Evolving Context of 5G, Beyond 5G and 6G 261 9.2 Non-Terrestrial Networks and 5G 261 9.2.1 3GPP Standardization Status 261 9.2.2 Industrial Projects Based on Rel-17 and Rel-18 264 9.2.2.1 Direct Connectivity to Smartphones 264 9.2.2.2 Direct Connectivity to IoT Devices 265 9.2.2.3 Connectivity to Cell 265 9.3 Toward 6G and Non-Terrestrial Networks 266 9.3.1 6G System Versus 5G System 266 9.3.2 6G Versus 5G Non-Terrestrial Network Component 269 9.3.3 6G NTN Design Principles 271 9.3.3.1 Multi-terminal Types and Usage Conditions 272 9.3.3.2 Multi-mission Radio Protocol(s) 272 9.3.3.3 Multi-dimensional Network Infrastructure 273 9.3.3.4 Multi-constraints Radio Access Network 274 9.3.3.5 Unification With the Terrestrial Network Component 275 9.3.4 Possible Evolution of NTN Standards 275 9.3.4.1 Enhancements of NTN 5G-Advanced in 3GPP 275 9.3.4.2 Potential Enhancements of NTN for 6G 277 References 278 Index 281
£102.60
John Wiley & Sons Inc Laser InterSatellite Links Technology
Book SynopsisLASER INTER-SATELLITE LINKS TECHNOLOGY State of the art resource covering key technologies and related theories of inter-satellite links Laser Inter-Satellite Links Technology explores satellite networking as a growing topic in the field of communication technology, introducing the definition, types, and working frequency bands of inter-satellite links, discussing the number of orbital elements of the spacecraft motion state under two-body motion and their conversion relationship, and establishing the basic demand model for inter-satellite link network, chain topology model, and transmission protocol model. The book focuses on the analysis and introduction of the principles and error sources of microwave and laser inter-satellite ranging, including the basic composition, workflow, and constraints of the laser inter-satellite link, and related design principles of the inter-satellite laser transmitter and receivers. Later chapters also discuss theories andTable of ContentsAuthor Biography xi Preface xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Connotation of Inter-Satellite Link 1 1.2 Types of Inter-Satellite Links 5 1.3 Band Selection of Inter-Satellite Link 7 1.3.1 Selection of Link Band 7 1.3.2 Selection of Working Frequency 8 1.4 Microwave Inter-Satellite Link 10 1.4.1 Frequency Selection 10 1.4.2 Microwave Inter-Satellite Link Data Transmission System 12 1.5 Laser Inter-Satellite Link 14 1.5.1 Technical Characteristics of Laser Inter-Satellite Link 14 1.5.2 Future Requirements for Laser Inter-Satellite Links 15 1.5.3 Development Trend of Laser Inter-Satellite Links 16 1.5.3.1 The Development of Laser Communication Technology from Technical Verification to Engineering Application Stage 16 1.5.3.2 The Communication Rate Develops from Low Code Rate to High Code Rate 16 1.5.3.3 Deep Space Will Become an Important Place for Laser Communication Applications 17 1.5.3.4 Combined Use of Laser Communication and Laser Ranging 18 1.5.3.5 Integration and Miniaturization of Laser Communication Terminals 18 1.5.3.6 Networking of Laser Inter-Satellite Links 19 References 19 2 Development History of Laser Inter-Satellite Link 21 2.1 Development Stage of Laser Inter-Satellite Link 21 2.2 Development Status of Laser Inter-Satellite Link Technology in Various Countries 22 2.2.1 United States 22 2.2.1.1 Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration 26 2.2.1.2 Relay Laser Communication Demonstration (LCRD) (GEO-Ground) 27 2.2.1.3 Integrated Laser Communication Terminal (ILLUMA-T) 30 2.2.1.4 Deep Space Optical Communication (DSOC) Project Terminal Reaches Level 6 Technology Maturity 30 2.2.1.5 Ultra-Light and Small Communication Terminal (OSCD) 33 2.2.2 Europe 33 2.2.2.1 Semiconductor Laser Inter-Satellite Link Experiment 33 2.2.2.2 European Data Relay Satellite System Project (EDRS) 34 2.2.2.3 Micro Laser Communication Terminal (OPTEL-μ) 35 2.2.3 Japan 36 2.2.3.1 Japanese Data Relay Satellite 37 2.2.3.2 High-Speed Communication of Advanced Laser Instruments 38 2.2.3.3 Miniaturized Laser Communication Terminal (SOTA) 39 2.3 Experience and Inspiration 39 2.3.1 Strengthen the Research on New Laser Inter-Satellite Links and Enhance the Innovation of Technology Research and Development 40 2.3.2 Strengthen the On-Orbit Verification of New Technologies and Improve the Engineering Level of New Technologies 40 2.3.3 Simplify the Product Spectrum and Promote the Construction of Product Pipelines 40 2.3.4 Respond to Commercial Product Demand and Reduce Product Cost 41 2.3.5 The Key Development Direction of Low-Orbit Laser Inter-Satellite Link Engineering Demonstration Work 41 References 41 3 Spacecraft Orbits and Application 45 3.1 Overview 45 3.2 Kepler’s Laws 46 3.2.1 Kepler’s First Law 46 3.2.2 Kepler’s Second Law 47 3.2.3 Kepler’s Third Law 47 3.3 Two-Body Motion and Orbital Parameters 47 3.3.1 Two-Body Movement 47 3.3.2 Track Parameters 49 3.4 Near-Earth Space Orbits and Applications 53 3.4.1 Track Type 54 3.4.2 Sub-Satellite Point Trajectory 54 3.4.3 Several Commonly Used Tracks 55 3.4.3.1 Sun-Synchronous Orbit 55 3.4.3.2 Return to the Track 56 3.4.3.3 Geosynchronous Orbit 57 3.4.3.4 Freeze the Track 58 3.4.4 Overlay 59 3.4.4.1 Coverage Area 59 3.4.4.2 Minimum Observation Angle 60 References 61 4 Basic Model of Constellation Inter-Satellite Link Networking 63 4.1 Application Requirements of Satellite Navigation Inter-Satellite Links 63 4.1.1 Constellation Precise Orbit Determination and Time Synchronization 64 4.1.2 Data Communication 64 4.1.3 Autonomous Operation 65 4.1.4 Extended Service 65 4.2 Basic Requirement Model of Inter-Satellite Link Network Application 66 4.2.1 Basic Configuration of Constellations 66 4.2.2 Inter-Satellite Transmission Network Based on STDMA 67 4.2.3 Antenna Solution 71 4.2.4 Inter-Satellite Link Application Mode 72 4.3 Inter-Satellite Link Network Chain Topology Model 74 4.3.1 Analysis of Topological Attribute of Inter-Satellite Links 74 4.3.2 Inter-Satellite Visibility Analysis 74 4.3.3 Inter-Satellite Link Topology Cost 77 4.3.3.1 Path Loss 78 4.3.3.2 Transmission Loss 79 4.3.3.3 Protocol Overhead 82 4.4 Inter-Satellite Link Network Protocol Model 83 4.4.1 Inter-Satellite Network Protocol Model 83 4.4.2 Transport Layer Protocol 84 References 85 5 Principles of Laser Inter-Satellite Ranging 87 5.1 Principle of Inter-Satellite Ranging 87 5.2 Inter-Satellite Ranging Accuracy 88 5.3 Principle of Microwave Inter-Satellite Ranging 89 5.3.1 Principle of Pseudo-Range Two-Way Ranging 89 5.3.2 Analysis of Error Sources in Microwave Ranging 91 5.3.2.1 Antenna Phase Center Error 91 5.3.2.2 Device Circuit Delay Error 93 5.3.2.3 Multipath Effect Error 93 5.3.2.4 Ionospheric Delay Error 93 5.3.2.5 Relativistic Effect Error 94 5.4 Principle of Laser Inter-Satellite Ranging 95 5.4.1 Principle of Laser Pulse Ranging 95 5.4.2 Analysis of Error Sources in Laser Ranging 96 References 97 6 Composition of Laser Inter-Satellite Link 99 6.1 Basic Structure of Laser Inter-Satellite Link 99 6.1.1 Optical Transmitting Subsystem 99 6.1.2 Light Receiving Subsystem 100 6.1.3 Align, Capture, Track Subsystem (PAT) 101 6.2 Workflow of Laser Inter-Satellite Link 101 6.3 Constraints 103 6.3.1 Satellite Orbit 103 6.3.2 Satellite Attitude 104 6.3.3 Uncertain Angle of Pre-Cover 105 6.3.4 Satellite Vibration Problem 106 6.3.5 Dynamic Coupling Problem 107 6.3.6 Influence of Background Stray Light 107 6.4 Transmitter Design 110 6.4.1 Choice of Laser 110 6.4.2 Wavelength Selection 111 6.4.3 Selection of the Diameter of the Transmitting Antenna 112 6.4.4 Calculation of Transmitting Antenna Gain 112 6.5 Receiver Design 113 6.5.1 Selection of Receiver Detector 113 6.5.2 Selection of Receiving Antenna Aperture 114 6.5.3 Calculation of Receiving Antenna Gain 114 6.5.4 Calculation of Received Power 115 References 115 7 Inter-Satellite Laser Capture, Aiming, and Tracking System 117 7.1 Introduction 117 7.2 Acquisition 119 7.2.1 Capture Scheme 120 7.2.1.1 Stare-Scan 120 7.2.1.2 Scan-Scan 121 7.2.2 Capture Path 122 7.3 Pointing 123 7.4 Tracking 124 7.4.1 Analysis of Tracking System Beacon Beam Divergence 124 7.4.2 The Role of the Tracking System in the APT System 126 7.5 APT System Terminal Structure 128 7.5.1 Coarse Sight Subsystem Design 129 7.5.1.1 Coarse Sight Subsystem Composition 129 7.5.1.2 Coarse Aiming Control Subsystem Design 132 7.5.2 Design of Precision Sighting Subsystem 133 7.5.2.1 The Composition of the Precision Aiming Subsystem 133 7.5.2.2 Design of Precision Aiming Control System 135 References 136 8 Inter-Satellite Laser Link Tracking Error 139 8.1 Definition of Alignment Error 139 8.2 Alignment Error Model and Factor Analysis 140 8.2.1 Mathematical Modeling of Alignment Errors 140 8.2.2 Factors Causing Alignment Errors 143 8.2.3 Influence of Tracking Error on Beam Distribution at Receiver 144 8.2.3.1 The Effect of Tracking Error on the Beam Intensity at the Receiving End 145 8.2.3.2 Influence of Tracking Error on Beam Power at Receiver 146 8.2.4 Influence of Tracking and Pointing Error on Communication Error Rate 147 8.3 Analysis of Tracking and Pointing Error Sources of Inter-Satellite Laser Communication System 149 8.3.1 Satellite Platform Vibration 151 8.3.2 Detector Noise 152 8.3.2.1 Characteristics and Types of Detector Noise 152 8.3.2.2 Effect of Detector Noise on System Performance 155 8.4 Satellite Platform Vibration Suppression Scheme 157 8.4.1 Satellite Platform Vibration Suppression Scheme 157 8.4.1.1 Passive Vibration Isolation 157 8.4.1.2 Active Control 158 8.4.2 Feedforward Vibration Suppression Algorithm 159 8.4.2.1 Influence of Satellite Platform Vibration on Precision Aiming Control System 159 8.4.2.2 Analysis of Feedforward Vibration Suppression Algorithm 161 References 165 9 Inter-Satellite Link Laser Modulation Mode 167 9.1 Block Diagram of Inter-Satellite Link Optical Communication System 167 9.2 Typical Incoherent Optical Modulation (IM/DD) 168 9.2.1 On-Off Key Control 169 9.2.2 Pulse Position Modulation 169 9.2.3 Differential Pulse Position Modulation 169 9.2.4 Digital Pulse Interval Modulation 171 9.2.5 Double Head Pulse Interval Modulation 171 9.3 Coherent Optical Communication Modulator and Modulation Principle 172 9.3.1 Optical Modulator 173 9.3.2 Coherent Optical Communication Modulation Format 174 9.3.2.1 Binary Phase Shift Keying 174 9.3.2.2 Quaternary Phase Shift Keying 175 9.3.2.3 8psk 176 9.3.2.4 8qam 178 9.4 Comparison of Communication Performance of Laser Modulation Schemes 179 9.4.1 Average Transmit Power 179 9.4.1.1 OOK 179 9.4.1.2 PPM 179 9.4.1.3 DPPM 179 9.4.1.4 DPIM 180 9.4.1.5 DH-PIM 180 9.4.1.6 Coherent PSK 180 9.4.2 Transmission Bandwidth 180 9.4.2.1 PPM 180 9.4.2.2 DPPM 181 9.4.2.3 DPIM 181 9.4.2.4 DH-PIM 181 9.4.2.5 Coherent PSK 181 9.4.3 Bit Error Rate 181 9.4.3.1 OOK 182 9.4.3.2 PPM 182 9.4.3.3 DPPM 182 9.4.3.4 DPIM 183 9.4.3.5 DH-PIM 183 9.4.3.6 BPSK 183 9.4.4 Summary 183 References 184 Index 187
£91.80
Johns Hopkins University Press A Telephone for the World
Book SynopsisIn a postCold War world, the Iridium satellite network revealed a new age of globalization. Winner of the William and Joyce Middleton Electrical Engineering History Award by the IEEEIn June 1990, Motorola publicly announced an ambitious business venture called Iridium. The project's signature feature was a constellation of 77 satellites in low-Earth orbit which served as the equivalent of cellular towers, connecting to mobile customers below using wireless hand-held phones. As one of the founding engineers noted, the constellation bathed the planet in radiation, enabling a completely global communications system. Focusing on the Iridium venture, this book explores the story of globalization at a crucial period in US and international history. As the Cold War waned, corporations and nations reoriented toward a new global order in which markets, neoliberal ideology, and the ideal of a borderless world predominated. As a planetary-scale technological system, the project became emblematiTrade ReviewCollins examines the historical development of Motorola's Iridium global telecommunications project, which sought to provide cellular voice service to any point on Earth using a network of 77 low-orbiting satellites... Iridium's Apollo-like saga will capture the interest of general readers in engineering, science, history, sociology, and business, and will serve as an excellent capstone case study. Technical discussions are easy to understand, and the extensive endnotes and bibliography will satisfy the most rigorous scholar.—R. Dupont, Louisiana State University Alexandria, ChoiceThis is an ambitious book that connects technology, capitalism, and globalization. It is all that more audacious because it uses a failed communications platform and business model to make these connections . . . Although Iridium was a business failure, its legacy continues to be a set of cultural, social, and political expectations about global flows of information and capital. As Collins forcefully reminds us, globalization is not a given, but was (and continues to be) "actively fashioned" by those who seek "to project market values, power, and control over the totality of the planet."—David Hochfelder, University at Albany, Journal of American HistoryEngaging, informative, and thought provoking, A Telephone for the World should prove to be of particular interest to business and economic historians skeptical of neoliberal pieties about innovation, to media and communications historians intrigued by the evolution of spectrum management, and to cultural and political historians fascinated by the zeitgeist of the 1990s.—Richard R. John, Columbia University, American Historical ReviewTable of ContentsPrefaceIntroduction1. Iridium and the Global Age2. The Global and the Engineers3. The Global and Iridium the Business4. "Freedom to Communicate"5. From "It's a bird, it's a phone" to "Edsels in the sky"ConclusionNotesBibliographyIndex
£39.00
University of Toronto Press The End of the CBC
Book SynopsisThe End of the CBC? is about three overlapping crises: the crisis that has enveloped the CBC, the crisis of news, and the crisis of democracy. The emergence of platforms such as Google, Facebook, Twitter, and Netflix, the hyper-targeting of individual users through data analytics, the development of narrow online identity communities, and the rise of an attention economy have changed the media landscape in dramatic ways. Describing the failure of successive governments to address problems faced by the public broadcaster, this book explains how the CBC lost its place in sports, drama, and entertainment. Taras and Waddell propose a way forward for the CBC one in which the corporation concentrates its resources on news and current affairs and re-establishes a reputation for depth and quality.Trade Review"The End of the CBC? is a book that should be read by anyone who cares about how journalism and democracy intersect." -- Tony Burman * The Toronto Star, February 29, 2020 *"In many ways, this timely and thought-provoking book is more about saving Canadian journalism than about saving the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation." -- Beth Haddon * Literary Review of Canada *"The End of the CBC? argues that Canada’s public broadcaster must rapidly and quite savagely reinvent itself or risk ‘oblivion.’ And it is nothing if not timely reading." -- Chris Selley * The National Post, March 20, 2020 *Table of ContentsPreface 1. Introduction 2. Lost Horizons 3. The Politics of Resentment and Neglect 4. The CBC in the Digital Storm 5. The Collapse of Sports and News 6. The Trials and Triumphs of the CBC's Online World 7. More Dashed Hopes 8. Reinvent the CBC or Allow It to Die Notes Bibiography Index
£24.29
University of Toronto Press The End of the CBC
Book SynopsisAfter almost 90 years, the CBC, Canada's public broadcaster, has reached a crossroads. This book examines the political, economic, social, media, and cultural forces that have pushed the CBC to the point where it must be reimagined and re-invented.Trade Review"The End of the CBC? is a book that should be read by anyone who cares about how journalism and democracy intersect." -- Tony Burman * The Toronto Star, February 29, 2020 *Table of ContentsPreface 1. Introduction 2. Lost Horizons 3. The Politics of Resentment and Neglect 4. The CBC in the Digital Storm 5. The Collapse of Sports and News 6. The Trials and Triumphs of the CBC's Online World 7. More Dashed Hopes 8. Reinvent the CBC or Allow It to Die Notes Bibiography Index
£49.30
SPIE Press The Nanosatellite Revolution: 30 Years and
Book SynopsisThis work assembles chapters from contributors across our planet to document technologies, applications, missions, licensing requirements, and lessons learned by individuals and organizations that have participated in the nanosatellite revolution. This book is not intended as a ""how to"" or as a university reference to design, build, and fly nanosatellites but as a deeper-level reference on what has and hasn't worked in previous nanosatellite programs. Many chapters act as a historical reference for particular programs.
£111.20
Smithsonian Books Eye in the Sky: The Story of the Corona Spy
Book Synopsis
£19.23
Nova Science Publishers Inc Global Positioning Systems
Book SynopsisThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) developed by the United States Department of Defense and managed by the United States Air Force 50th Space Wing. It is the only fully functional GNSS in the world, can be used freely by anyone, anywhere, and is often used by civilians for navigation purposes. It uses a constellation of between 24 and 32 medium Earth orbit satellites that transmit precise radio-wave signals, which allow GPS receivers to determine their current location, the time, and their velocity. Since it became fully operational on April 27, 1995, GPS has become a widely used aid to navigation world-wide, and a useful tool for map-making, land surveying, commerce, scientific uses, tracking and surveillance, and hobbies such as geocaching. Also, the precise time reference is used in many applications including the scientific study of earthquakes. This book gathers the latest research from around the globe in this dynamic field.
£162.74
Nova Science Publishers Inc Satellite Communications: Services Industry
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£46.49
Nova Science Publishers Inc Legalities of GPS & Cell Phone Surveillance
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£59.24
Nova Science Publishers Inc Recent Advances in Satellite Research &
Book SynopsisIn this book, the authors present new satellite development research. Topics discussed include satellite-linked GPS collars deployed on elephants in Tsavo ecosystems in Kenya; enhancing resiliency of broadband satellite communication emergency networks through propagation impairment mitigation techniques; satellite applications for very short range weather forecasting systems in Southern African developing countries; eliminating ionospheric effects in multi-frequency global navigation satellite systems; attitude control systems for arc-second stabilization of 30-kg micro astronomy satellites; and third generation GPS systems.
£159.74
Nova Science Publishers Inc Global Positioning Systems: Signal Structure,
Book SynopsisThis book offers professionals and students a comprehensive overview of GPS signal acquisitions, measurements, and algorithms for estimation of dynamic programming, quality control, and filtering methods. This book discusses in-depth GPS signal transmissions, transmission procedures and calculation algorithms, using GPS positioning location data for empirical research to elucidate various dimensions of spatial phenomenon which is different from previously published books. This book also focuses on how to conduct empirical research with GPS collected data to contribute discipline theory and concepts in different domains. The book is divided into three parts. Part I introduces debates about measurements of GPS signal structure, including acquisition time, validity based on various tested GPS units, quality control of real-time positioning, data characteristics of probed density, average time, and signal disturbance of message distribution such as noise and inaccuracy positioning. Part II describes applications of GPS positioning data for monitoring analysis, movement analysis, spatial analysis and clustering analysis. Part III presents GPS sources of error and biases by discussing the technology of positioning location for underwater positioning, and clarifying the accuracy of digital maps to positioning systems for vehicle positioning. This book brings together a team of leading experts who perform a creative and empirical research of Global Positioning Systems. The book aims to share all the latest advances in systems, methods and application of GPS positioning with the readers. The topics in this book cover an integrated overview of GPS conceptions, an in-depth realisation of advanced application, and the emerging trends in GPS research.
£146.24
Artech House Publishers Understanding GPS/GNSS: Principles and
Book SynopsisThe third edition of Artech House's bestseller brings together a team of leading experts to provide a current and comprehensive treatment of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Packed with brand new material, this book contains new chapters on the system engineering details of GPS, European Galileo system, Chinese Beidou systems, GLONASS, and regional systems, such as Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) and Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC). It investigates the integration of GNSS with other sensors and network assistance. This book includes new coverage of GNSS receivers, disruptions, errors, stand-alone GNSS performance, differential and precise point positioning. It will teach readers how to build GNSS receivers and integrate them into navigational and communications equipment. It also discuss how similar technology is affecting the marketplace and where best to invest in a company's resources.Trade ReviewThe previous two editions of this classic treatment on GPS played an important role in my classrooms to educate our next generation GNSS experts. This new edition is further strengthened with additional coverage on new GNSS and RNSS including GLONASS, BDS, QZSS, and NavIC as well as recent advances in navigation technologies such as precise point positioning (PPP) and hybrid positioning systems. To address the demands on growing new applications of navigation technology, the book provided a timely coverage on techniques to integrate GNSS with low cost inertial sensors and other RF signals available on mobile devices for indoor and other areas with GNSS signal blockage. I am looking forward to share these and other new materials in this new edition with my students. -- Jade Morton * Colorado State University *Table of ContentsFundamentals of Satellite Navigation; Global Positioning System; GLONASS; Galileo; BeiDou; Regional Systems; GNSS Receivers; GNSS Disruptions; GNSS Errors; Performance of Stand-Alone GNSS; Differential GNSS and Precise Point Positioning; Integration of GNSS with other Sensors and Network Assistance; GNSS Markets and Applications.
£139.50
Nova Science Publishers Inc U.S. Weather Satellites: Background, Program
Book SynopsisThe National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with the aid of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), is procuring the next generation of geostationary weather satellites. This book assesses progress on program schedule, cost, and functionality; assesses efforts to identify and address issues discovered during integration and testing; and evaluates the likelihood of a gap in satellite coverage and actions to prevent or mitigate such a gap. This book also evaluates NOAA''s progress on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) satellite program with respect to cost, schedule, and mitigation of key risks; identifies the benefits and challenges of alternatives for polar satellite gap mitigation; and assesses NOAA''s efforts to establish and implement a comprehensive contingency plan for potential gaps in polar satellite data.
£131.19
ISTE Ltd Satellites for Atmospheric Sciences 1:
Book SynopsisHow can atmospheric variables such as temperature, wind, rain and ozone be measured by satellites? How are these measurements taken and what has been learned since the first measurements in the 1970s? What data are currently available and what data are expected in the future? The first volume of this encyclopedic book answers these questions by reporting the history of satellite meteorology and addresses how national and international agencies define coordinated programs to cover user needs. It also presents the principles of satellite remote sensing to deliver products suited to user requirements. This book is completed by a glossary and appendices with a list of supporting instruments already in use.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments xi List of Acronyms xiii Introduction xxxiThierry PHULPIN Part 1 Satellite Observation of the Earth's Atmosphere: International Cooperation 1 Chapter 1 History of Meteorological Satellites 3Sylvain LE MOAL 1.1 The beginnings of remote sensing and the conquest of space 3 1.2 It all began with Tiros-1, the first meteorological satellite 6 1.3 American meteorological satellites 8 1.3.1 Polar-orbiting satellites 8 1.3.2 Geostationary satellites 13 1.4 Russian meteorological satellites 17 1.4.1 Polar-orbiting satellites 17 1.4.2 Geostationary satellites 20 1.5 European meteorological satellites 21 1.5.1 The Meteosat saga 21 1.5.2 46 years after Tiros-1, MetOp enters the scene 28 1.6 Elsewhere 29 1.6.1 Japan 29 1.6.2 China 31 1.6.3 Korea 33 1.6.4 India 33 1.7 References 35 1.8 Websites 36 Chapter 2 Contribution of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA, USA) Meteorological Satellites Program: An Overview 37Sid-Ahmed BOUKABARA, Mitch GOLDBERG, Timothy J SCHMIT, Andrew HEIDINGER, Satya KALLURI, Patricia WEIR, Frank GALLAGHER, David SPENCER and Ross N HOFFMAN 2.1 NOAA Satellite Program: historical background 38 2.1.1 Origins of NASA-NOAA Polar and Geostationary Environmental Satellite Programs 38 2.1.2 Low Earth orbit (LEO) missions 40 2.1.3 Geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) missions 43 2.2 NOAA Current Space Constellation 45 2.2.1 The NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Program 45 2.2.2 GOES-R series 49 2.2.3 Collaborative programs 51 2.3 Applications 52 2.4 Looking ahead: designing the next-generation architecture 57 2.4.1 Factors impacting the NOAA strategy 57 2.4.2 Next-generation NOAA space architecture 59 2.5 Summary 62 2.6 Acknowledgments 62 2.7 References 63 Chapter 3 The Role of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, USA) 67Michael SEABLOM 3.1 The beginnings of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) 67 3.2 The Nimbus Era (1964–1979) 68 3.3 The Earth Observing System (1982–2004) 72 3.4 The "A-train" (2004–present) 81 3.5 Decadal surveys and technological disruption (2007–present) 84 3.6 References 87 Chapter 4 The Role of the European Space Agency (ESA) 89Paul INGMANN 4.1 Missions in geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) – ESA's Start in Earth Observation 89 4.2 Missions in low Earth orbit (LEO) 92 4.2.1 ERS 92 4.2.2 Envisat 94 4.2.3 MetOp 95 4.2.4 The Earth Explorer and Earth Watch Concept 96 4.3 ESA's Climate Change Initiative (CCI) 113 4.4 References 114 Chapter 5 The Role of EUMETSAT (Europe) 117François MONTAGNER 5.1 Introduction: What does EUMETSAT do? 117 5.1.1 Public service value of weather satellites 117 5.1.2 EUMETSAT, a key player in Europe 117 5.1.3 Climate and environment 118 5.2 The organization 118 5.2.1 First steps 118 5.2.2 Stability and growth 120 5.2.3 Government 120 5.2.4 European pooling: EUMETSAT, ECMWF and EUMETNET 121 5.2.5 Global pooling by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 122 5.3 Geostationary weather satellites: from synoptic to regional zoom 122 5.3.1 Meteosat first generation 122 5.3.2 Meteosat second generation 125 5.3.3 Agility of geostationary missions 127 5.3.4 Stabilization by rotation or on three axes: system aspects 128 5.3.5 Meteosat Third Generation 128 5.4 MetOp satellites, the first source for numerical weather forecasting 130 5.4.1 Synergy of observations 131 5.4.2 Continuity and innovation 132 5.4.3 The second generation of the European Polar System 133 5.4.4 Scale economies 134 5.4.5 Cooperation regarding the polar orbit 135 5.5 Weather perspective and innovation 136 5.6 Climate 137 5.7 EUMETSAT and Copernicus 137 5.7.1 A convenient partnership 137 5.7.2 EUMETSAT and the Copernicus services 138 5.7.3 Continuity and expansion: the challenge of CO2 139 5.8 References 139 Chapter 6 The Role of the National Center for Space Studies (CNES, France) 141Carole DENIEL and Pierre TABARY 6.1 The CNES and its scientific missions 141 6.2 Greenhouse gases and composition of the atmosphere 142 6.2.1 Merlin, a political French–German will 143 6.2.2 Microcarb, a strategic and continuous project… 144 6.2.3 TRAQ, Geotrope, Mageaq, promising projects but no future developments… 146 6.3 IASI and IASI-NG, for meteorology, atmospheric composition and climate 147 6.4 Physical properties of the atmosphere 151 6.4.1 Aerosols and clouds: PARASOL, CALIPSO and the A-Train 152 6.4.2 Next: 3MI and EarthCare 154 6.4.3 A study in the longer term: ACCP 155 6.4.4 Megha-Tropiques and rainfall 156 6.5 Additional facilities and means of observation 157 6.6 The role of numerical models 159 6.7 References 160 Chapter 7 A Coordinated International Effort 163Jérôme LAFEUILLE 7.1 The challenges of international coordination 163 7.2 Multilateral coordination instances 165 7.2.1 Overview 165 7.2.2 The World Weather Watch and its space component 165 7.2.3 CGMS 169 7.2.4 CEOS 172 7.3 The benefits of coordination 174 7.3.1 Mission continuity 174 7.3.2 Intercalibration of instruments in orbit 175 7.3.3 The climate observation strategy 177 7.3.4 Use of the radio frequency spectrum 178 7.3.5 Access to data 179 7.3.6 Bilateral cooperation 181 7.4 An extended community of space operators 182 7.4.1 A growing number of national operational agencies 182 7.4.2 The emergence of the private sector 183 7.5 Conclusion 184 7.6 References 184 Part 2 The Physical Basis 187 Chapter 8 Satellite Orbits for Atmospheric Observation 189Michel CAPDEROU 8.1 Introduction 189 8.2 Preliminaries 190 8.3 Satellites in low Earth orbit 192 8.3.1 Orbital characteristics 192 8.3.2 Sun-synchronous satellites 194 8.3.3 Non-Sun-synchronous satellites 200 8.3.4 Recurrent satellites 200 8.3.5 Spatio-temporal sampling 202 8.3.6 Collaboration with LEO satellites 208 8.4 Satellites in geostationary orbits 209 8.4.1 Orbit characteristics 209 8.4.2 Observation conditions 210 8.5 Other types of orbits used 211 8.5.1 Satellites in HEO orbits 211 8.5.2 Uses of satellites in MEO orbit 212 8.6 References 213 Chapter 9 Measurement Physics 215Clémence PIERANGELO, Fatima KARBOU and Claude CAMY-PEYRET 9.1 Physical principles of observation of the atmosphere by satellite 215 9.1.1 Basic principles of remote sensing 215 9.1.2 Absorption, scattering, emission 218 9.1.3 Spectroscopy of gaseous species 219 9.1.4 Optical properties of particles 220 9.1.5 At the surface: reflection and emission 222 9.1.6 Spectroscopic parameter database 224 9.1.7 Aerosol and cloud databases 224 9.1.8 Atmospheric profile databases 224 9.1.9 Surface databases 225 9.2 Radiative transfer equation 225 9.2.1 Differential RTE 225 9.2.2 Integration of the RTE 226 9.2.3 Polarized RTE 228 9.2.4 Recent advances for radiative transfer 229 9.2.5 RTE analysis and implications for space-based remote sensing of the atmosphere 229 9.2.6 Example: the 4A/OP source code 232 9.3 Passive optical sensors: radiometers and spectrometers 233 9.3.1 Radiometers 234 9.3.2 Spectrometers 235 9.3.3 Level 1 processing 238 9.3.4 The sensors of the future 238 9.4 Active optical sensors: lidars 239 9.4.1 Lidar principle 239 9.4.2 Lidar equation 240 9.4.3 Different types of spatial Lidar 240 9.4.4 Comparison of optical sensors 246 9.5 Passive and active microwave sensors 247 9.5.1 Specificities of microwave sensors 247 9.5.2 Passive microwave sensors 247 9.5.3 Active microwave sensors 249 9.5.4 List of microwave instruments 249 9.6 References 249 Chapter 10 The Inverse Problem and Techniques for Atmospheric Variable Retrieval 253Clémence PIERANGELO 10.1 General remarks on the inversion of atmospheric parameters 253 10.2 Matrix expression of the direct problem 254 10.2.1 Matrix expression 254 10.2.2 Linearization of the problem 255 10.2.3 Typical dimensions of the problem 255 10.3 Solutions to the inverse problem 256 10.3.1 Least squares 256 10.3.2 Probabilistic methods 258 10.3.3 Methods with pre-calculated bases 262 10.4 References 265 Appendices 267 Appendix 1 269Claude CAMY-PEYRET Appendix 2 277Claude CAMY-PEYRET Appendix 3 287 Appendix 4 301 Glossary 307 List of Authors 321 Index 325 Summary of Volume 2 329
£118.80
Emerald Publishing Limited The Spatial Grasp Model: Applications and
Book SynopsisBorn half a century ago, predating the internet and named WAVE in its infantry, the Spatial Grasp Model has been tested on numerous applications: graph and network theory, collective robotics, crisis management, security and defense, social systems, and space-based systems. The Spatial Grasp Model confirms the potential applicability of the developed paradigm, language, and technology for solving much broader classes of problems, especially those related to large and unknown worlds. Presenting the main ideas of the Spatial Grasp paradigm and details of its key Spatial Grasp Language (SGL) – including its philosophy, methodology, syntax, semantics, and interpretation in distributed systems – Sapaty explores extended technological applications of the approach. Allowing us to evaluate large, distributed phenomena by their physical or virtual coverage, The Spatial Grasp Model suggests uses beyond the theoretical, including the examination of hurricanes and forest fires. Investigating group behaviour of ocean animals, discovery of unknown terrain features, and path-findings in large transport networks truly demonstrates the real-world application of SGL. Applicable for high-level formulation of key problems and their solutions in the place of natural languages, The Spatial Grasp Model is crucial reading for researchers across multiple fields faced with developing global.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Investigating Terrestrial and Celestial Worlds Chapter 3. Spatial Grasp Model and Technology Basics Chapter 4. Spatial Grasp Language Basic Organization Chapter 5. Mechanisms of SGL Distributed Implementation Chapter 6. Distributed Worlds Vision and Comprehension in SGL Chapter 7. Investigating Unknown Worlds in SGL Chapter 8. SGL against Other Languages Chapter 9. Relation of SGL to Higher Psychological and Mental Concepts Chapter 10. Conclusions
£42.75
Institution of Engineering and Technology Non-Geostationary Satellite Communications
Book SynopsisRecent technological advances have made possible the creation of a chain of non-geostationary satellite orbit (NGSO) communications systems. Such systems offer the advantages of ubiquity, relatively low costs, and upgradable infrastructure that enables the use of innovative on-board technologies. This evolution opens up a plethora of opportunities for massive self-organized, reconfigurable and resilient NGSO constellations, which can operate as a global network. Ambitious low-orbit constellation types are currently being developed, motivated by advanced communication technologies and cheaper launch costs. These emerging architectures require accurate system orchestration involving different research domains including wireless communications, spectrum management, dynamic antenna and tracking systems, inter-satellite links and routing strategies. This edited book presents a broad overview of the research in NGSO constellations for future satellite communication network design including key technologies and architectures and specific use-case-oriented communications design and analysis. The book will be of interest to academic researchers and scientists, communication engineers and industrial actors in satcom, satellite networking and mobile and wireless communication. It will also serve as a useful reference for advanced students and postdocs and lecturers in satellite communication and networking and mobile and wireless communication.Table of Contents Chapter 1: Non-geostationary orbit systems introduction and challenge identification Chapter 2: Spectrum regulation for non-geostationary orbit satellite systems Chapter 3: The role of non-geostationary orbit satellite systems in 5G integration Chapter 4: Flat antenna arrays for non-geostationary orbit communications Chapter 5: Low cost per bit for LEO satellite systems: radio-frequency impairments compensation Chapter 6: Flexibility/complexity trade-offs in payload design Chapter 7: Novel multiple access for non-geostationary orbit communications Chapter 8: Radio resource management for non-geostationary orbit Chapter 9: Inter-satellite links for non-geostationary orbit systems Chapter 10: Non-geostationary orbit constellation design for global connectivity Chapter 11: Massive MIMO transmission for non-geostationary orbit Chapter 12: Internet of Things over non-geostationary orbit system and random access aspects Chapter 13: Virtual network embedding for non-geostationary orbit-terrestrial systems: parallel computation and software defined networking testbed implementation Chapter 14: 3rd Generation Partnership Project integration of non-geostationary orbit satellites Chapter 15: Anti-jamming solutions for non-geostationary orbit satellite systems Chapter 16: Non-terrestrial network testbeds for 5G and beyond Chapter 17: Conclusion and future perspectives
£118.75
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Connections Management Strategies in Satellite
Book SynopsisThis book provides a novel method based on advantages of mobility model of Low Earth Orbit Mobile Satellite System LEO MSS which allows the evaluation of instant of subsequent handover of a MS even if its location is unknown. This method is then utilized to propose two prioritized handover schemes, Pseudo Last Useful Instant PLUI strategy and Dynamic Channel Reservation DCR-like scheme based respectively on LUI and DCR schemes, previously proposed in literature. The authors also approach a different aspect of handover problem: calls with short durations dropped due to a handover failure. We propose a decision system based on fuzzy logic Rescuing System that allows the rescue of calls with short durations facing a premature at the expense of those lasting for long durations.Table of ContentsPREFACE ix ABBREVIATIONS xi INTRODUCTION xv CHAPTER 1. THE FOUNDATIONS OF SATELLITE NETWORKS 1 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. Satellite orbits 3 1.2.1. Characteristics of the ellipse 3 1.2.2. Kepler’s laws 4 1.2.3. Orbital parameters for earth satellites 5 1.2.4. Orbital perturbations 7 1.2.5. Maintaining and surviving an orbit 7 1.3. Time, time variation and coverage 8 1.3.1. Geometric data 8 1.3.2. Approximation of coverage 11 1.3.3. Time interval between two successive intersatellite transfers 12 1.3.4. Time and time variation 12 1.4. Orbital paths 13 1.4.1. GEO-type systems 14 1.4.2. Elliptical systems 15 1.4.3. MEO-type systems 17 1.4.4. LEO-type systems 17 1.5. Characteristics of cellular satellite systems 19 1.6. The advantages of LEO systems 22 1.7. Handover in LEO satellite networks 23 1.7.1. Link-layer handover 24 1.7.2. Network-layer handover 25 CHAPTER 2. AN INTRODUCTION TO TELETRAFFIC 27 2.1. Introduction 27 2.2. The history of teletraffic theory and technique 28 2.2.1. Queuing theory 28 2.2.2. Teletraffic theory 29 2.3. Basic concepts 30 2.3.1. The birth–death process 31 2.3.2. Poisson process 32 2.4. Erlang-B and Erlang-C models 34 2.4.1. Blocking probability and the Erlang-B formula 34 2.4.2. Queuing probability and the Erlang-C formula 36 CHAPTER 3. CHANNEL ALLOCATION STRATEGIES AND THE MOBILITY MODEL 39 3.1. Introduction 39 3.2. Channel allocation techniques 40 3.2.1. Fixed channel allocation techniques 41 3.2.2. Dynamic channel allocation techniques 41 3.3. Spotbeam handover and priority strategies 43 3.3.1. Spotbeam handover 43 3.3.2. Priority strategies for handover requests 45 3.4. Mobility model 48 3.5. Analysis of the mobility model 53 CHAPTER 4. EVALUATION PARAMETERS METHOD 63 4.1. Introduction 63 4.2. The advantages of the LEO MSS mobility model 64 4.3. Evaluation parameters method 71 4.3.1. Position of the MU in the cell 71 4.3.2. The moment the next handover request initializes 72 4.3.3. Maximum queuing time 74 4.4. Pseudo-last useful instant queuing strategy 77 4.4.1. Putting handover requests in a queue 77 4.4.2. Handover request management 77 4.4.3. LUI queuing strategy 78 4.4.4. Pseudo-LUI queuing strategy 79 4.5. Guard channel strategy: dynamic channel reservation-like 81 4.5.1. Dynamic channel reservation technique 81 4.5.2. Dynamic channel reservation DCR-like technique 83 CHAPTER 5. ANALYTICAL STUDY 85 5.1. Introduction 85 5.2. An analysis of FCA-QH with different queuing strategies 85 5.3. Analytical study of FCR and FCR-like 91 5.3.1. An analysis of FCR 91 5.3.2. An analysis of FCR-like 94 CHAPTER 6. THE RESCUING SYSTEM 101 6.1. Introduction 101 6.2. Fuzzy logic 102 6.2.1. Definition of fuzzy subsets 102 6.2.2. Decisions in the fuzzy environment 102 6.3. The problem 103 6.4. Rescuing system 105 CHAPTER 7. RESULTS AND SIMULATION 109 7.1. Introduction 109 7.2. The (folded) simulated network 110 7.3. Simulation results 112 7.3.1. Verifying the simulation: a comparison with the analytical results of the FCA-QH case with different queuing strategies 113 7.3.2. A comparison of FCA and DCA, DCA-QH & FCA-QH simulation using LUI 115 7.3.3. A comparison of NPS and QH, DCA-NPS & DCA-QH simulation 116 7.3.4. Comparison of QH strategies, DCA-QH FIFO, LUI, PLUI simulation 117 7.3.5. Verifying the simulation: a comparison with the analytical results of the FCR and FCR-like case 119 7.3.6. A comparison of DCR and DCR-like 120 CHAPTER 8. PAB FOR IP TRAFFIC IN SATELLITE NETWORKS 127 8.1. Introduction 127 8.2. Proportional allocation of bandwidth 129 8.2.1. Implementation of PAB 130 8.3. Determination of the label fraction 135 8.3.1. Equal fractions 135 8.3.2. AP fractions 135 8.3.3. GP fractions 135 8.4. Simulation and results 136 8.4.1. Single congested link 137 8.4.2. Multiple congested link 146 8.5. Conclusion 149 GENERAL CONCLUSION 151 APPENDIX 1 157 APPENDIX 2 161 APPENDIX 3 163 APPENDIX 4 167 APPENDIX 5 169 BIBLIOGRAPHY 181 INDEX 201
£125.06
Aerospace Press Spacecraft Thermal Control Handbook: Fundamental
Book SynopsisThis new edition of the classic Satellite Thermal Control Handbook, is a thorough, technical survey of the various technologies used to achieve thermal control of all types of spacecraft, as well as the design and analysis methods used by thermal engineers. Features: Spacecraft Systems Overview; Spacecraft Thermal Environments; Thermal Design Examples; Thermal Surface Finishes; Insulation; Radiators; Heaters; Mounting and Interfaces; Louvers; Heat Switches; Phase Change Materials; Pumped Fluid Loops; Thermoelectric Coolers; Heat Pipes; Thermal Design Analysis; Thermal Contact Resistance; Precision Temperature Control; Space Shuttle Integration; Thermal Testing; Future Technologies
£77.40
Springer International Publishing AG Global Satellite Meteorological Observation
Book SynopsisThis book presents principal structures of space systems functionality of meteorological networks, media and applications for modern remote sensing, transmission systems, meteorological ground and users segments and transferring weather data from satellite to the ground infrastructures and users. The author presents techniques and different modes of satellite image interpretation, type of satellite imagery, spectral imaging properties, and enhancement of imaging technique, geo-location and calibration, atmospheric and surface phenomena. Several satellite meteorological applications are introduced including common satellite remote sensing applications, weather analysis, warnings and prediction, observation and measurements of meteorological variables, atmosphere and surface applications, ocean and coastal applications, land, agriculture and forestry applications, and maritime and aviation satellite weather applications. The author also covers ground segment and user segment in detail. The final chapter looks to the future, covering possible space integrations in meteorological and weather observation.This is a companion book of Global Satellite Meteorological Observation Theory (Springer), which provides the following topics: Evolution of meteorological observations and history satellite meteorology Space segment with satellite orbits and meteorological payloads Analog and digital transmission, type of modulations and broadcasting systems Atmospheric radiation, satellite meteorological parameters and instruments Meteorological antenna systems and propagation Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Space Segment.- Baseband and Transmission Systems.- Atmospheric Electromagnetic Radiation.- Satellite Meteorological Parameters.- Satellite Meteorological Instruments.- Antenna Systems and Propagation. Conclusion.
£67.49
New India Publishing Agency Hyperspectral Remote Sensing and Spectral
Book Synopsis
£64.88
New India Publishing Agency Remote Sensing in Geomorphology
Book SynopsisGeomorphology is an area of study that focuses on the outer surface of the Earths crust. This field is crucial for understanding the historical and current geological processes that have shaped the Earths surface, as well as the resources and ecosystems that it supports. Additionally, geomorphology plays a critical role in identifying areas that are prone to natural disasters. The use of remote sensing technology has greatly expanded the scope of geomorphology, as it allows for the easy observation and animation of geological processes.
£38.71
New India Publishing Agency Soil Resources and Its Mapping Through
Book SynopsisThis work aims to offer an overview of the latest advancements in geostatistical modeling, the spatial variability of soil resources, and the creation of digital soil maps using R and GIS, with a particular emphasis on their potential application in agricultural resource management.
£116.14
New India Publishing Agency Remote Sensing in Geomorphology
Book SynopsisGeomorphology is the study of external landscape/architecture of earth's crust which stands as a testimony not only for the palaeo morphotectonic and morpho-dynamic activities but also the present day geological processes as well, thus making geomorphology significant in understand the hierarchical evolution of the earth and related resources, environment/ecosystems and disaster proneness. With remote sensing deepening its roots in all fields, the scope of geomorphology too has phenomenally widened as fabrication and animation of modern geologic/geomorphic processes are being easily done by remote sensing.Table of Contents1. Pleistocene Earth Movements In Peninsular India- Evidences From Landsat MSS and Thematic Mapper Data 2. Remote Sensing and Pleistocene Tectonics of Southern Indian Peninsula 3. Evidences of Neotectonism Along Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu, Using IRS Data. 4. Pleistocene/ Holocene Graben Along Pondicherry -Cumbum Valley, Tamil Nadu, India 5. Neotectonic Controls on The Migration of Sarasvati River of The Great Indian Desert 6. Eyed Drainages Observed in IRS Imagery in Tamil Nadu, India and Their Geological Significance 7. Fluvial Anomalies and Neotectonics of Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India 8. Aid of Remote Sensing In Fluvial Geomorphic Mapping 9. Remote Sensing and River Migration In Western India 10. Remote Sensing of River Migration in Tamil Nadu 11. The Phenomenon of River Migration In Northern Tamil Nadu Evidence From Satellite Data, Archaeology and Tamil Literature 12. A Remote Sensing Study of River Deltas of Tamil Nadu 13. Detection of Submarine Delta along Madras Coast, India, Using IRS Imagery 14. Morpho- Tectonic Evolution of East and West Coasts of Indian Peninsula 15. Tectonic and Geomorphic Evolution of West Coast Along Mangalore- Cape Comorin Sector, India 16. Remote Sensing and Certain Challenging Coastal Engineering Geological Problems of Tamil Nadu Coast, India 17. Rapid Land Building Activity Along Vedaranniyam Coast and Its Possible Implications 18. Temporal Changes In Land -Water Distribution Pattern During 1930-1993 along The CoromandelCoast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Its Significance 19. Marine Environment Modeling Using Thematic Mapper Data 20. IRS -1A Imagery Senses Some Rapidly Building Islands along East Coast of Tamil Nadu 21. GIS Based Visualization of Land - Ocean Interactive Phenomenon along Vedaranniyam Coast,Tamil Nadu, India 22. Tectonically Induced Environmental Problems on and off Pondicherry Coast, Tamil Nadu, India.A Vision Through Remote Sensing 23. Landslides and Quaternary Tectonics of South India
£62.70
New India Publishing Agency Hyperspectral Remote Sensing and Spectral
Book SynopsisHyperspectral imaging is an emerging modern technique in modern remote sensing that expands and removes capability of multispectral image analysis. It takes advantage of hundreds of continuous spectral channels to uncover materials that usually cannot be resolved by multispectral sensoThis book is a collection of research papers of Indian scientist working in the field of hyperspectral remote sensing and spectral signature applications. This has been organized in a way that all the s are logically connected and can be referred back and the forth one another for more details. The title of "hyperspectral remote sensing and spectral signature applications" is use to reflect its focus on spectral techniques, i.e. non-literal techniques that are especially designed and developed for hyperspectral imagery rather than multispectral imagery.Table of ContentsSection - 1: Hyperspectral Remote Sensing, Section - 2 : Hyperspectral Signature & Its Applications, Section - 3 : Applications of High Resolution and Multispectral Remote Sensing Satellite Data
£131.07
United Nations European Global Navigation Satellite System and
Book SynopsisThis report investigates how European Union space technologies support the fulfilment of the SDGs. It has been jointly prepared by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) - in charge of promoting international cooperation in the peaceful use and exploration of space, and in the utilization of space science and technology for sustainable economic and social development - and the European GNSS Agency (GSA), which is the European Union agency operating EGNOS and Galileo and is in charge of ensuring the maximization of socioeconomic benefits from the use of the European Union satellite navigation systems. The analysis shows that all the SDGs are positively impacted by the benefits stemming from the use of European Global Navigation Satellite Systems (EGNSS) and Copernicus applications and, out of the 169 indicators associated, 65 (almost 40 per cent) directly benefit from using the EGNSS and Copernicus services, either helping monitor the status of achievement of a given SDG or actively contributing to its fulfilment
£33.96
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Nonlinear Channel Models And Their Simulations
Book SynopsisThis comprehensive compendium highlights the research results of nonlinear channel modeling and simulation. Nonlinear channels include nonlinear satellite channels, nonlinear Volterra channels, molecular MIMO channels, etc.This volume involves wavelet theory, neural network, echo state network, machine learning, support vector machine, chaos calculation, principal component analysis, Markov chain model, correlation entropy, fuzzy theory and other theories for nonlinear channel modeling and equalization.The useful reference text enriches the theoretical system of nonlinear channel modeling and improving the means of establishing nonlinear channel model. It is suitable for engineering technicians, researchers and graduate students in information and communication engineering, and control science and engineering, intelligent science and technology.
£121.50
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Studies Of Cloud, Convection And Precipitation
Book SynopsisClouds, convection and precipitation processes are central components of Earth's weather and climate. They are produced by atmospheric motions across a very wide range of space-time scales from local weather to long-term global climate variation. They feedback on these motions by perturbing the heating/cooling that drive the atmospheric circulation. These processes also perturb the oceanic circulation and land surface properties that affect the atmospheric circulation.Because of the coupling of the atmosphere-ocean-land system across all scales by cloud, convection and precipitation processes, studying their behaviors requires measurements in space-time variations across all these scales simultaneously. Satellite constellations with global coverage and high time resolution offer the ideal platforms for such observations. This book summarizes some of the latest research using combinations of various satellite observations to study these processes and to evaluate their representations in global weather and climate models.Included with this publication are downloadable electronic slides and accompanying notes of each lecture for students, teachers, and public speakers around the world to be better able to understand cloud, convection and precipitation processes.
£121.50
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Studies Of Cloud, Convection And Precipitation
Book SynopsisClouds, convection and precipitation processes are central components of Earth's weather and climate. They are produced by atmospheric motions across a very wide range of space-time scales from local weather to long-term global climate variation. They feedback on these motions by perturbing the heating/cooling that drive the atmospheric circulation. These processes also perturb the oceanic circulation and land surface properties that affect the atmospheric circulation.Because of the coupling of the atmosphere-ocean-land system across all scales by cloud, convection and precipitation processes, studying their behaviors requires measurements in space-time variations across all these scales simultaneously. Satellite constellations with global coverage and high time resolution offer the ideal platforms for such observations. This book summarizes some of the latest research using combinations of various satellite observations to study these processes and to evaluate their representations in global weather and climate models.Included with this publication are downloadable electronic slides and accompanying notes of each lecture for students, teachers, and public speakers around the world to be better able to understand cloud, convection and precipitation processes.
£66.50
