Epidemiology and Medical statistics Books

Book SynopsisSHORTLISTED FOR THE ROYAL SOCIETY SCIENCE PRIZE 2022 SHORTLISTED FOR THE ORWELL PRIZE FOR POLITICAL WRITING 2022 THE TIMES SCIENCE BOOK OF THE YEAR A GUARDIAN BEST POLITICS BOOK OF THE YEAR A TOP 5 SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER *Revised and updated edition with new chapter reflecting on the impact of Covid-19 two years on, and what come next* Did the UK government really 'follow the science' throughout the Covid-19 pandemic, as it claims? As head of the Wellcome Trust, Jeremy Farrar was one of the first people in the world to hear about a mysterious new disease in China - and to learn it could readily spread between people. A member of the SAGE emergency committee, Farrar was a key figure in both the UK and the World Health Organization at the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic amid great uncertainty, fast-moving situations and missed opportunities. Spike is his widely acclaimed inside story. His account casts light on the UK government's claims to be 'following the science' and is informed not just by Farrar's views but by interviews with other top scientists and political figures.Trade ReviewAn explosive book about what he witnessed inside government * The Times *Urgent and fascinating ... We need memoirs like these, and we need to learn what they are telling us. Quickly. -- Debora Mackenzie * Guardian *Spike blends scientific fact with gripping storytelling ... a brutally honest, and not particularly flattering, portrayal of the government's response to the pandemic * Reader's Digest *Farrar's riveting "inside story" of his efforts to warn the world of the looming pandemic and devise countermeasures ... a searing indictment of the government's serial failures to follow the science. -- Mark Honigsbaum * Observer *The best first-hand account of the first weeks of the pandemic published to date. The passages on the genetic code being smuggled out of China are thrilling and insights into the way Sage and Downing Street operated in those early days are fascinating ... it is refreshingly undiplomatic, honest and brutal in its assessment. -- Ben Spencer * Sunday Times *Spike - a scientist's version of Defoe's A Journal of the Plague Year - is a necessary insider's account of how the pandemic was, and should have been, handled ... It is a closely observed and deeply analysed case study of the intersection between science and politics. Beware of politicians claiming to be following the science. There are lessons to be learnt as to how to handle the next pandemic when it comes. Farrar lays them out. The world needs to take heed. -- Michael Marmot * Financial Times *A gripping account of the murky interplay between science, medicine, politics, and the media while COVID-19 ravaged the globe ... Farrar brings the insider's access, Ahuja the sense of pace and plot that makes an unfolding public health crisis read like a John le Carré spy thriller -- Rachel Clarke * Lancet *Reads like a thriller ... tells how the news of Covid-19 first reached the world's scientists, how the pandemic unfolded and how governments reacted and failed to cope -- Joan Bakewell * New Statesman Books of the Year *A frank inside account, grippingly written * Times Science Book of the Year *As gripping as a thriller ... Combining candour about what the scientists got wrong with horror stories about the chaos inside Downing Street, it concludes with a fascinating examination of why the argument for a lockdown last autumn was lost ... An important account of how judgment can get clouded in a crisis -- Gaby Hinsliff * Guardian *

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Book SynopsisContains all you need to know to understand statistics in medicine. Medical Statistics Made Easy has been a perennial bestseller since the first edition was published (it is consistently a #1 bestseller in medical statistics/biostatistics on Amazon). It is recommended and required worldwide on a variety of courses and programmes, from undergraduate medicine, through to professional medical qualifications. It is a book of key statistics principles for anyone studying or working in medicine and healthcare who needs a basic overview of the subject. It is ideal for non-statisticians who need to understand how statistics are used and applied in medicine and medical research. Using a consistent format, the authors describe the most common statistical methods in turn and then rate them on how difficult they are to understand and how common they are. The worked examples that demonstrate the statistical method in action include current articles from the medical literature and now feature a wider range of medical journals. This fourth edition continues with the same structure as the previous editions, with new sections on cut-off points and ROC curves, as well as a new chapter on choosing the right statistical test. It also features a completely revised and updated 'Statistics at work' section.Trade ReviewFive-star reviews of the previous edition: Well balanced and sufficient for medical trainees and doctors "Extremely easy to read and understand, just the right amount of info a doctor or a medical student needs to interpret a paper. Essential read if you have not done A-level mathematics." Amazon reviewer Perfect for AKT revision "I was recommended this book for AKT revision. It has all the information needed and more... I found it easy to interpret and pitched at the right level even if you find medical statistics daunting." Amazon reviewer Useful if reading lots of random medical papers "Excellent for a medical writer who deals with lots of random stats for a quick ad hoc refresher" Amazon reviewer Brilliant "Excellent read with brilliant illustrations. I enjoyed. I would recommend this book for students who have difficulties with understanding statistical concepts in medicine as they are explained clearly" Amazon reviewer Five Stars "Love the simple way things are explained" Amazon reviewer Excellent book. Easy to understand "Highly recommend for doctors" Amazon reviewer Helpful "Helpful book, breaks statistics down into more manageable and less daunting chunks, includes information on how important each point is and how often it is used in real life. I am using it to study for an exam and it is very helpful. The title doesn't lie!" Amazon reviewer Excellent study guide for a "principle-of"-Med.-stats type of exams "Fantastic book for someone who just needs to learn about the application and principles. (Saved me on an exam ;) ). I love this book." Amazon reviewer Easy read and understanding "Highly recommended" Amazon reviewer Five Stars "For anyone that struggles with statistics, this is an absolute must." Amazon reviewer Five Stars "Really helpful for AKT exam for my MRCGP. Concise and simplified!" Amazon reviewer Easy to read "Gives the basics. Easy to flick through and find what you need. Great book" Amazon reviewer Great Medicine Book ‘Great medicine book. Must have' Amazon reviewer Can’t live without ‘Amazing book for stats. Get it !' Amazon reviewer Table of ContentsStatistics which describe data: Percentages; Mean; Median; Mode; Standard deviation Statistics which test confidence: Confidence intervals; P values Statistics which test differences: t tests and other parametric tests; Mann–Whitney and other non-parametric tests; Chi-squared Statistics which compare risk: Risk ratio; Odds ratio; Risk reduction and numbers needed to treat Statistics which analyze relationships: Correlation; Regression Statistics which analyze survival: Survival analysis: life tables and Kaplan–Meier plots; The Cox regression model Statistics which analyze clinical investigations and screening: Sensitivity, specificity and predictive value; Level of agreement Other concepts Statistics at work: Means, standard deviations, medians and odds ratios; Confidence intervals and number needed to treat; Correlation and regression; Survival analysis; Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values; Choosing the right statistical test

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Book SynopsisTrade Review“The Great Plague of 1665 is too often seen as a metropolitan disaster, even though it brought death and dislocation across much of southern and eastern England. This timely study of Cambridge provides a thorough and imaginative account of the crisis which the epidemic inflicted upon the town, describing the impact upon its society and the experiences of individual families. In doing so it makes a valuable addition to both the literature on the Great Plague and the history of the town.”—Stephen Porter, author of The Great Plague“Rich in the sights and sounds and smells of a seventeenth-century city, this is an evocative portrait of a teeming social world shattered by epidemic disease. Evelyn Lord’s adroit and sensitive reconstruction of daily routines and the urban landscape cranks up the tension as plague advances steadily towards its victims. We follow people down winding streets and alleys and peer into homes, finding there pitiful scenes of the dead and the dying and the distressed. Lord’s tale is horrific yet ultimately uplifting as life crowds back into the spaces left by the grim reaper—panic and misery followed by hope and recovery.”—Malcolm Gaskill, author of Witchfinders: A Seventeenth-Century English Tragedy

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Book SynopsisFrom the bestselling author of Everything Bad is Good For You, Steven Johnson''s The Ghost Map vividly recreates Victorian London to show how huge populations live together, how cities can kill - and how they can save us. Steven Johnson is one of today''s most exciting writers about popular culture, urban living and new technology. In The Ghost Map he tells the story of the terrifying cholera epidemic that engulfed London in 1854, and the two unlikely heroes - anesthetist Doctor John Snow and affable clergyman Reverend Henry Whitehead - who defeated the disease through a combination of local knowledge, scientific research and map-making. In telling their extraordinary story, Steven Johnson also explores a whole world of ideas and connections, from urban terror to microbes, ecosystems to the Great Stink, cultural phenomena to street life. ''A wonderful book''  Mail on Sunday ''A thumping page-turne

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Book SynopsisChanges the argument about inter-sectoral action from health and the health sector to one based on co-benefits a 'Health for All Policies' approach. It calls for the health sector to better direct its impact on the world and improve health as a way to achieve goals beyond health.Table of Contents1. From Health in All Policies to Health for All Policies: the logic of co-benefits; 2. Finding and understanding co-benefits; 3. Politics and governance for co-benefits; 4. Next steps: making Health for All Policies; 5. SDG1, eliminating poverty: improvements to health coverage design as a means to create co-benefits between health system and poverty Sustainable Development Goals; 6. SDG4, education: education as a lever for sustainable development; 7. SDG5, gender equality: co-benefits and challenges; 8. SDG8, promoting decent work and economic growth: health policies for good jobs; 9. SDG9, industry, innovation and infrastructure: technology and knowledge transfer as means to generate co-benefits between health and industrial Sustainable Development Goals; 10. SDG10, reduced inequalities: the effect of health policy on inequalities: evidence from South Africa; 11. SDG11, sustainable cities and communities: making cities healthy, sustainable, inclusive and resilient through strong health governance; 12. SDG13, climate action: health systems as stakeholders and implementors in climate policy change; 13. SDG17, means of implementation: strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development; Appendix Case study: climate-driven health hazards – natural disasters.

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Book SynopsisThis is a practical guide to tomographic image reconstruction with projection data, with strong focus on Computed Tomography (CT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Classic methods such as FBP, ART, SIRT, MLEM and OSEM are presented with modern and compact notation, with the main goal of guiding the reader from the comprehension of the mathematical background through a fast-route to real practice and computer implementation of the algorithms. Accompanied by example data sets, real ready-to-run Python toolsets and scripts and an overview the latest research in the field, this guide will be invaluable for graduate students and early-career researchers and scientists in medical physics and biomedical engineering who are beginners in the field of image reconstruction. A top-down guide from theory to practical implementation of PET and CT reconstruction methods, without sacrificing the rigor of mathematical background Accompanied by Python source code snippets, suggested exercises, and supplementary ready-to-run examples for readers to download from the CRC Press website Ideal for those willing to move their first steps on the real practice of image reconstruction, with modern scientific programming language and toolsets Daniele Panetta is a researcher at the Institute of Clinical Physiology of the Italian National Research Council (CNR-IFC) in Pisa. He earned his MSc degree in Physics in 2004 and specialisation diploma in Health Physics in 2008, both at the University of Pisa. From 2005 to 2007, he worked at the Department of Physics E. Fermi of the University of Pisa in the field of tomographic image reconstruction for small animal imaging micro-CT instrumentation. His current research at CNR-IFC has as its goal the identification of novel PET/CT imaging biomarkers for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In the field micro-CT imaging, his interests cover applications of three-dimensional morphometry of biosamples and scaffolds for regenerative medicine. He acts as reviewer for scientific journals in the field of Medical Imaging: Physics in Medicine and Biology, Medical Physics, Physica Medica, and others. Since 2012, he is adjunct professor in Medical Physics at the University of Pisa.Niccolà Camarlinghi is a researcher at the University of Pisa. He obtained his MSc in Physics in 2007 and his PhD in Applied Physics in 2012. He has been working in the field of Medical Physics since 2008 and his main research fields are medical image analysis and image reconstruction. He is involved in the development of clinical, pre-clinical PET and hadron therapy monitoring scanners. At the time of writing this book he was a lecturer at University of Pisa, teaching courses of life-sciences and medical physics laboratory. He regularly acts as a referee for the following journals: Medical Physics, Physics in Medicine and Biology, Transactions on Medical Imaging, Computers in Biology and Medicine, Physica Medica, EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing, Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics.Table of Contents1. Preliminary notions 2. Short guide on Python samples 3. Analytical reconstruction algorithms 4. Iterative reconstruction algorithms 5. Overview of methods for generation of projection data

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Book SynopsisThis book guides through the fascinating world of viruses and makes readers enjoy science in an accessible way. Virologist and author Professor Van Wilson imparts knowledge about what viruses are, how they work, and how much they impact life on Earth. The book equips the reader with the scientific basics behind virus function and presents the historic milestones of virus research and discovery. Well-known viruses such as HIV or Influenza are tackled alongside novel pathogens like coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Professor Wilson explores where they come from and how they impact our society. Last but not least the book provides exciting insights into how our immune system reacts to different viruses and how vaccines contribute to conquer pandemics. While scientifically informative, this book makes the field of virology understandable to a lay audience and encourages readers to further thinking. And more importantly, it conveys the wonder, beauty, and mystery of these ubiquitous, microscopic marvels. This book addresses anyone interested in understanding the principles of virology, viral diseases, or the impact of viruses on human societies.Table of Contents1. The Question of Life“It’s alive! It’s alive!” – Mel Brook’s Young Frankenstein An introduction to viruses through some examples that illustrate the size, quantity, and diversity of viruses on earth, followed by a short history of the discovery of viruses. The chapter focuses on the concepts that define life through an examination of animals, plants, and single-cell organisms. These basic features of living organisms are then related to viruses to demonstrate that viruses fail most of the definitions of life and act instead as unique, self-replicating nano-machines. 1.1. Weird Facts and Big Numbers A playful discussion of the sizes and numbers of viruses in our world 1.2. From Ignorance to Fascination A brief history of the discovery of viruses 1.3. A Biological Primer – Multicellular Organisms The biological, functional, and genetic characteristics that define plants and animals 1.4. Smaller, but Still Alive – Unicellular Organisms The biological, functional, and genetic characteristics that define bacteria and yeast 1.5. Biochemistry – You Can’t Escape It The important biomolecules needed for all living organisms 1.6. Viruses at Last A comparison of viruses with living organisms to illustrate the just how different and unique viruses are from any other organisms on Earth 2. Families, Form, and Function “A virus a piece of bad news wrapped in protein” – Sir Peter Medawar An overview of viral taxonomy (families); structure, organization, genetics, and reproduction (form); and pathogenic mechanisms (function). This chapter develops the foundational concepts and vocabulary that are expanded on with specific topics in the subsequent chapters. 2.1. Taxonomy and Other Geeky Things An explanation of how viruses are named and classified 2.2. Virions, the Viral Vehicle A discussion of the viral particle including its shape, component pieces, and functions 2.3. Alive or Not, Viruses Have a Life Cycle The steps in the reproduction process that are common to all viruses 2.4. Infection and Disease - How Viruses Spread and do Nasty Things The mechanisms by which viruses infect cells and cause damage to cells and organs in our bodies 3. Ancient or New – On the Origin of Viruses “Endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being evolved” - Charles Darwin An examination of the origins of viruses and their co-evolution with living organisms. Are they the ancient progenitors of all life or are they degenerate offspring that devolved from more complex existing organisms? Competing views on viral origin will be compared and contrasted. The co-evolution of viruses with humans and our hominid ancestors is also explored. 3.1. We Don’t Know Exactly Where We Came From, but We’re Here Anyway A brief history of the universe and the evolution of life on Earth 3.2. Are Viruses the Chicken or the Egg? An introduction to viral origin theories; how did they arise and where did they come from? 3.3. Hypotheses, Hypotheses, and More Hypotheses Examination of the major historical theories for viral origin evolution 3.4. New Data at Last Use of nucleic acid and protein information to analyze viral origins and familial relationships 3.5. Closer to Home How did ancient viruses give rise to modern viral families Papillomaviruses and Hominid Evolution – human papillomaviruses (HPVs) as an example of viral co-evolution with humans 4. Of Predators and Prey “The single biggest threat to man’s continued dominance on the planet is the virus” -Joshua Lederberg, 1958 Nobel Laureate Examination of selected viral diseases that illustrate mechanisms of viral spread and the 3 types of infection outcomes: acute disease (influenza), chronic infection (hepatitis C), and latent infections (herpes varicella-zoster). These examples demonstrate the complex interplay between hosts (humans) and predators (viruses) and explain why viruses have evolved to be such persistent infectious pathogens for humans. 4.1. Viral Infections – The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly The principles of how viruses spread, infect cells, and cause disease 4.2. Influenza – More Than Just Bad Air Influenza virus as an example of an acute infection where the virus is completely cleared from the body after recovery 4.3. Hepatitis C – The Great Deceiver Hepatitis C virus as an example of a chronic infection where active virus can remain permanently in the host 4.4. Herpes Varicella-Zoster Virus – Now You See It and Now You Don’t A herpes virus as an example of a virus that cause an acute illness but then becomes latent with the ability to reactivate years later 4.5. Polyomaviruses and Anelloviruses – Predators or Passengers? Examples of viruses that are commonly found in humans but whose disease role is mostly uncertain 5. Immunity, Immunity, Immunity “If we think of the immune system as a machine, then we are far from even knowing all of its parts” - Bruce Beutler, 2011 Nobel Laureate Like the real estate adage about the importance of location, location, location, survival from viral infection illustrates the importance of immunity. The 3 types of relevant immunity (intrinsic, innate, and acquired) will be explained in the context of viral infection. This chapter is the corollary to chapter 4 and discusses how viruses have influenced human evolution as we attempted to combat and counteract viral infections. 5.1. The Big Three – Branches of Immunity An overview of the three branches of immunity and their roles in protection from viruses 5.1.1. Intrinsic Immunity – Always There When We Need It The biology and mechanism of by which intrinsic immunity protects from viral infection 5.1.2. Innate Immunity – Locked and Loaded The biology and mechanism of by which innate immunity protects from viral infection 5.1.3. Adaptive Immunity – The Gift That Keeps On Giving The biology and mechanism of by which adaptive immunity protects from viral infection 6. Viruses That Shaped our World “A virus can change the fate of the world; power has nothing to do with being tiny or giant!” ― Mehmet Murat Ildan In addition to the consequences of viral infection for the individual, large scale viral effects on human populations have influenced history and culture. Examples covered will include smallpox, influenza, poliovirus, and HIV, each of which had important sociological effects on human populations. 6.1. Smallpox – Mankind’s First Conquest The history of smallpox and its devastating Effects on Europe and the New World 6.2. Polio – A Force for Change The history of polio virus and how outbreaks in 20th century America led to the emergence of disease philanthropy and vaccine development 6.3. HIV/AIDS – A New Pandemic for the 20th Century and Beyond The origins of AIDS and how this epidemic introduced universal precautions and inspired medical activism 7. Simian-Virus 40 – How an Obscure Monkey Virus Ushered in the Age of Molecular Biology “The art and science of asking questions is the source of all knowledge.” – Thomas Berger The extensive poliovirus vaccination programs of the late 1950s and early 1960s lead to the accidental infection of millions of individuals of an unknown virus (SV40) with cancer-causing potential. This mistake sparked a massive research enterprise to understand this virus. Many of the early tools and foundational discoveries of modern molecular biology, as well as the origins of important regulatory compliance policies, derived from this beginning and still echo in our research and society today. 7.1. Viruses, Viruses, and More Viruses How advances in technology led to the identification of more and more new viruses in the 20th century 7.2. Polio Vaccines and A Stealth Simian Virus The discovery of a new simian virus called SV40 as a contaminant of the early polio virus vaccines 7.3. To Be or Not To Be – Is SV40 a Human Tumor Virus? The discovery that SV40 has cancer-causing potential and the continuing debate on its role in human cancers 7.4. The SV40 Revolution How SV40 became a prominent model for molecular biology and led to many important discoveries about human cell biology 7.5. p53 – The Guardian of the Genome How SV40 led to the discovery of p53, the most important human protein for fighting cancer 7.6. Asilomar and the Birth of Biosafety How fears about using SV40 in research led to the federal regulation and the evolution of modern lab biosafety requirements 8. Viral Oncology – Infectious Cancer “Most of the infections linked to human cancers are common in human populations; they are ubiquitous. They were present during the whole human evolution process.” – Harald zur Hausen, 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Approximately 25% of human cancers have been shown to have a viral contribution. This chapter will discuss the role of retroviruses and various DNA type viruses in human cancers, describe how these viruses can transform normal cells into cancerous ones, and illustrate how the study of these viruses has informed our knowledge of the molecular basis for cancer. 8.1. The Infectious Beginnings of Cancer Research The history of viral oncology and the discovery of animal tumor viruses 8.2. The Oncogene Revelation The discovery of oncogenes and the elucidation of their mechanisms 8.3. Human Retroviruses at Last The human T cell leukemia viruses and their link to cancer 8.4. Herpesviruses Turn Oncogenic The link between certain herpesviruses and human cancers 8.5. Hepatitis Viruses and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Chronic hepatitis virus infection and liver cancer 8.6. Human Papillomaviruses – Cancer as an STD How an ancient virus entered Homo sapiens and causes cervical and other cancers 8.7. Merkel Polyomavirus – Finally an Oncogenic Human Polyomavirus A new human virus and its connection with a type of skin cancer 8.8. The Seven Deadly Cancer Viruses A summary of the human cancer viruses 9. The Virus Within “If Charles Darwin reappeared today, he might be surprised to learn that humans are descended from viruses as well as from apes.” - Robin Weiss The sequencing of the human genome revealed that 5-8% of our DNA is not actually human, but instead is viral DNA reflecting millennia of infections that have accumulated in our genome. The significance and consequences of this viral invasion of our genomes will be described. 9.1. Adam and EVEs Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) and how they got into humans 9.2. HERVs, HERVs, and More HERVs How human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) entered our genomes and shaped our genomic evolution 9.3. Beyond HERVs Other types of viruses that have integrated into animal and human genomes 9.4. Assailants or Allies? Are endogenous viruses helpful or harmful 9.5. The HERVs That Made Us Human Examples of HERVs that became part of normal human biology 9.6. The Dark Side How HERVs may be contributing to various human diseases from cancer to neurological conditions 10. Vaccines and the Conquest of Viruses “Throughout human history, viral diseases have had their way with us, and for just as long, we have hunted them down and done our best to wipe them out.” - Jeffrey Kluger Vaccination has been an incredibly effective and important tool against viral infection, but a significant anti-vaccination movement arose in the last 20 years, mostly due to spurious accusations about the harmful effects of vaccines. The chapter will examine the history of vaccination, the types of vaccines, the risk versus benefit of vaccines, and the impact of vaccines on individual and global health. 10.1. The Era of Vaccines The history of vaccine development in the 20th century 10.2. Vaccinology 101 The basic types of vaccines and the principles of how they work 10.3. The Road Is Long With Many A Winding Turn The process for developing and testing a new vaccine 10.4. Anti-Vaxxers: The Force Awakens The history of the anti-vaccine movement in England and the U.S. 10.5. Vaccine Technology – A Glimpse of the Future New vaccine technologies on the horizon 11. New and Emerging Viruses: Where Have They Been Hiding? From HIV to SARS-CoV-2, the last 100 years have seen dozens of new viruses identified. This chapter will examine where new viruses come from, how they enter human populations, and what effects they have on human health and our society. Chapter subsections: tbd 12. Beyond Antibiotics - Are Phage Our Allies? Phages are a special class of viruses that infect and often kill bacteria. With the growing rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, there is an imminent need for new and different approaches to combat bacterial infections. Phage therapy is an old idea that is seeing a resurgence of interest, and this chapter will discuss the history, process, advantages, and limitations of using phage to treat bacterial infections. Chapter subsections: tbd 13. Gene Therapy and Cancer Therapeutics Given their ability to infect our cells, viruses have unique capabilities as delivery systems to introduce new material into our cells. Viruses are being used to introduce replacement genes of humans with certain defective genes and are also being used to combat certain kinds of cancer. This chapter will explore current and potential therapeutic uses for viruses. Chapter subsections: tbd

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Book SynopsisThis substantially revised edition provides an updated analysis of the Corona crisis, with invaluable information relevant for any epidemic situation, including: understanding viruses, the immune-system and resilience; PCR tests: their true purpose; vaccination uses and risks; successful alternative treatments; and the impact of fear on immunity.Trade Review"What Covid-19 Must Teach Us addresses essential questions about the corona pandemic... A sustainable way forward requires a new ecologically oriented approach - turning a crisis into an opportunity for humanity. Hardtmuth's book is an invaluable contribution to the Corona literature." Dr Michaela Gloeckler

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Book SynopsisOne doctor’s surprising answer to the epidemic of chronic disease and essential reading for everyone concerned with the health of the next generation ..[T]he further we move away from nature the sicker we become, and it is our children who pay the heaviest price for what modern civilization is doing to our environment and our bodies. This book will make the reader think. I warmly recommend it! Dr. Natasha Campbell-McBride, MD, author of Gut and Psychology Syndrome Over the past fifty years, rates of autoimmunity and chronic disease have exploded. While some attribute this rise to increased awareness and diagnosis, Thomas Cowan, MD, argues for a direct causal relationship to a corresponding increase in the number of vaccines children typically receive. Dr. Cowan looks at emerging evidence that certain childhood illnesses are actually protective of disease later in life; examines the role of fever, the gut and cellular fluid in immune health; argues that vaccination is an ineffective (and harmful) attempt to shortcut a complex immune response; and asserts that the medical establishment has engaged in an authoritarian argument that robs parents of informed consent. His ultimate question, from the point of view of a doctor who has decades of experience treating countless children is: What are we really doing to children when we vaccinate them? Dr. Cowan intelligently educates us on the complicated and beautiful workings of our immune system, clearly explains how and why its malfunction is harming us, and elucidates why our precious children are so vulnerable to these diseases. Lindy Woodard, MD, Pediatric AlternativesTrade Review“Dr. Tom Cowan has created an entertaining, compelling, and readily accessible book explaining the risks involved in today’s overaggressive vaccination campaign. I particularly appreciate his emphasis on the risks to autoimmune disease inherent in antibody induction through vaccines. This book is a great addition to the growing body of literature revealing why vaccination is not the best strategy for protection against infectious diseases.”—Stephanie Seneff, senior research scientist, MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory“I would like to thank Dr. Tom Cowan for writing this book! Humanity seems to have forgotten that human body is part of nature; the further we move away from nature the sicker we become, and it is our children who pay the heaviest price for what modern civilization is doing to our environment and our bodies. This book will make the reader think. I warmly recommend it!”—Dr. Natasha Campbell-McBride, MD, author of Gut and Psychology Syndrome“Dr. Cowan does a great job explaining in clear and common-sense terms that the practice and the rationale of vaccination is deeply flawed, and, astoundingly, is not evidence-based but rather fear-based. The vaccine paradigm is upheld by the consensus, but the consensus in not based on a free and unbiased reading of all the evidence, rather only on a small part of it, while much is ignored. Dr. Cowan contributes greatly to a much-needed correction of this misleading and misled consensus.”—Philip Incao, MD, advisor, Physicians for Informed Consent“Tom Cowan’s Vaccines, Autoimmunity, and the Changing Nature of Childhood Illness is both brilliant and beautifully simple. He shares facts not taught in medical school, that reflect ancient wisdom, common sense, and trust in the intelligence of life itself. Understanding the role of childhood illnesses such as chickenpox and measles is critical to our survival as a species. Tom does an outstanding job of connecting the dots and giving reason to what is often misunderstood!”—Cilla Whatcott, producer of the film Real Immunity; author of There is a Choice“As a pediatrician for thirty-five years, I have seen the enormous rise in autoimmune diseases like asthma, allergies, eczema, and autism. We no longer need to scratch our heads wondering why, because the reasons are clear. In Vaccines, Autoimmunity, and the Changing Nature of Childhood Illness, Dr. Cowan intelligently educates us on the complicated and beautiful workings of our immune system, clearly explains how and why its malfunction is harming us, and elucidates why our precious children are so vulnerable to these diseases. Most importantly, perhaps, Dr. Cowan charts the clear, concise path to healing, offering a better, healthier life for us, our children, and the planet.”—Lindy Woodard, MD, Pediatric Alternatives“We westerners must wake up to the fact that vaccination is driving our modern epidemics of autism, dementia, autoimmunity, and allergies. In Vaccines, Autoimmunity, and the Changing Nature of Childhood Illness, Dr. Thomas Cowan whistle-blows on Big Pharma and the medical profession. Quite rightly, too. Human misery aside, these diseases are debilitatingly expensive. Autism usually results in care for life. “The arguments Dr. Cowan makes are not only biologically plausible, but are based in good science. He states what, for many, is the obvious: we must learn to live within the laws of nature, not fight against them as if they were some evil force. Evolution has the answers! We have lived with microorganisms for millions of years, and many confer significant survival benefits. Cowan details this with devastating logic. Childhood infections such as chickenpox and measles are desirable; they program the immune system in such a way as to protect us from disease later in life. “This book gives parents the intellectual ammunition they need to fight back against the pro-vaccine medical establishment. They clearly need such. I have seen parents driven by fear into vaccinating their children entirely against their parental instincts. By not vaccinating, Cowan shows us how children can be protected from allergy, autoimmunity, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, asthma, and autism. This book is essential reading for all concerned with the health of the next generation.”—Dr. Sarah Myhill, author of Sustainable Medicine and Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalitis“Thomas Cowan, MD, is a gifted physician and scientist. He is also a man of integrity who sticks his neck out for the truth. In addition he has the talent for making complex and urgent topics easy to read and understand for the intelligent layperson. He has accomplished this with his book, Human Heart, Cosmic Heart, the best book out there on holistically healing cardiovascular diseases. Now he has done it again with Vaccines, Autoimmunity, and the Changing Nature of Childhood Illness. “Vaccination has been a controversial topic for decades with informed parents around the world having to struggle with regulatory authorities and doctors over the necessity and effectiveness of vaccination to prevent childhood diseases. Now Dr. Cowan comes out with a powerful book giving a clear scientific voice to the intuition of many parents regarding the dangers of vaccination. Tamper with our immune system through one-sided interventions, and pay a tragic price. “This book is a global wake-up call to defend, against those who would destroy it, the awesome wisdom of the human body to wage its own battle against the myriad diseases that seek to overcome our internal defense system. This book will have a profound, beneficial impact on human health around the world in the years and decades to come. It is a courageous and pioneering work worthy of admiration and support.”—Nicanor Perlas, recipient, Right Livelihood Award

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Book SynopsisAMR is arguably one of the most severe long-term threats to human, animal, and environmental health. There is momentum for global political action around novel and emerging disease threats and Steering Against Superbugs contributes with original and insightful research to inform ongoing and future debates.Trade ReviewThis volume collects together key insights from across social sciences on AMR governance. AMR is now the third-leading underlying cause of death globally, which is why a global approach and global governance is necessary. Through a global perspective, the case studies in this volume highlight both successes and challenges of local, regional, and global governance for AMR. As we work together across the world to tackle the 'silent' AMR pandemic, I strongly recommend this book for all in the global and public health and policy sphere to help galvanise action to address the insidious and complex health emergency of AMR. * Professor Dame Sally Davies, UK Special Envoy on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) *Steering Against Superbugs comprehensively unpacks the root social drivers of antimicrobial resistance and masterfully situates these drivers in their cultural, historical and political contexts. Rubin, Baekkeskov, and Munkholm have brought together some of the world's leading thinkers in this field and have pro¬vided us with some of the best ideas yet to tackle this intensifying global health challenge that already kills more than 1.2 million people each year. * Professor Steven J. Hoffman, Director of the Global Strategy Lab and the WHO Collaborating Centre on Global Governance of Antimicrobial Resistance, York University, Canada *This exciting volume achieves what many have been waiting for: a compen¬dium of social science approaches to antimicrobial resistance. With a focus on governance, the authors demonstrate the strengths of different disciplines by providing evidence at multiple scales of the ways in which antibiotics, and drug resistance, is-and can be-governed. From clinics, to bednets, to global policy spaces, the book introduces the reader to detailed case studies that enlighten and awaken interest in the multiple dimensions that make up the complex challenge of antimicrobial resistance globally. * Professor Clare Chandler, Anthropology of Antimicrobial Resistance lead and founding Director, AMR Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. *Microbes, humans, One Health, and the interplay between them through AMR. This book introduces the reader to the conceptual issues of AMR, and then steers her through governance challenges, One Health aspects, global awareness, advocacy and regulatory matters. This is essential reading, not just for those working in this critical field but also for policy- makers, healthcare leaders, One Health professionals, and the wider community-providing an armament of knowledge, insight, and perspectives in the fight against AMR. * Professor & Head Sujith J Chandy, Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, Christian Medical College Vellore, India *Table of Contents1: Steering against Superbugs: Research agenda and four perspectives for global governance Part I: Framing and conceptualizing AMR 2: Pills and Politics - a historical analysis of international antibiotic regulation since 1945 3: Global eradicationism and AMR 4: Conceptualizing AMR as a creeping disaster in terms of pace and space Part II: Coordination and leadership in AMR governance 5: Combatting AMR in the EU - governmental dimensions 6: Contested governance of collective action against AMR in the EU 7: What would it take to move the global AMR agenda forward in the Global South? Part III: AMR Governance from below 8: The individual in global and national AMR governance 9: Governing AMR: a case for considering governance 10: A sociological look beyond the surface of the national action plans against AMR: How state professionals adjust to global governance Part IV: A One Health Perspective on AMR 11: One Health and AMR governance 12: From policy to practice: Challenges and opportunities for cross-sectoral AMR mitigation and response efforts 13: Joint action against AMR with a One Health perspective Part V: Global advocacy and awareness of AMR 14: Policy entrepreneurship and problem brokering in the global governance of AMR 15: Global attention to Antimicrobial Resistance and Climate Change in the era of Social Media 16: The policy context for responses to antimicrobial resistance in India Part VI: Regulatory responses to AMR 17: A case for the global governance of AMR by regulating the pharmaceutical supply chain 18: Sustainable procurement of pharmaceuticals - a tool to combat global antimicrobial resistance 19: International Law and AMR: Learning from 15 years implementing the International Health Regulations

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a unique multi-disciplinary perspective on tackling health inequalities in a rich country, examining the New Labour policy agenda for tackling health inequalities and its inherent challenges. The book presents an overview of progress since the publication of the seminal and ambitious 1998 Acheson Inquiry into health inequalities, and the theoretical and methodological issues underpinning health inequalities. The contributors consider the determinants of inequality - for example, early childhood experience and ethnicity - the factors that mediate the relationship between determinants and health - nutrition, housing and health behaviour - and the sectoral policy interventions in user involvement, local area partnership working and social work. Challenging health inequalities offers a combination of broad analysis of progress from differing perspectives and will be key reading to academics, students and policy makers.Trade Review"the book benefits from bringing together a wide range of professional and academic experiences that make a valuable contribution to addressing these issues in a contemporary society ... I would recommend this book as a valuable reference resource for departments, teams or organisations" www.pcx.nhs.uk - NHS Patient-Citizen Exchange Newsletter, December 2007"An excellent, much needed textbook that provides a critical overview of the health inequalities agenda today and what progress has/has not been made." Dr Anne Confopoutos, Liverpool Hope University"..adds further depth and breadth to our understanding of health inequalities and policies to address them..." Sociology of Health & Illness, Vol 30:3, 2008Table of ContentsChallenging health inequalities: introduction ~ Nick Spencer and Elizabeth Dowler; Progress in tackling health inequalities: a policy maker's perspective ~ Ray Earwicker; Inequalities in mortality rates under New Labour ~ Danny Dorling, Mary Shaw and George Davey Smith; Explaining inequalities in health: theoretical, conceptual and methodological agendas ~ Simon Williams, Michael Calnan and Alan Dolan; Inequalities in pregnancy and early years and the impact across the lifecourse: progress and future challenges ~ Nick Spencer and Catherine Law; Inequalities and ethnicity: evidence and intervention ~ Hannah Bradby and Tarani Chandola; Housing conditions and health ~ David Ormandy; Inequalities in food and nutrition: challenging 'lifestyles' ~ Elizabeth Dowler, Martin Caraher and Paul Lincoln; Behaving badly? Smoking and the role of behaviour change in tackling health inequalities ~ Nick Spencer; Health inequalities and user involvement ~ Jonathan Tritter and Helen Lester; Gilding the ghetto again? Community development approaches to tackling health inequalities ~ Mick Carpenter; A new agenda for social work: tackling health inequalities in physical health ~ Eileen McLeod, Paul Bywaters, Peter Beresford, Suzy Croft and Mark Drakeford; Challenging health inequalities: themes and issues ~ Elizabeth Dowler and Nick Spencer.

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Book SynopsisIn 1831, an unknown, horrifying and deadly disease from Asia swept across Continental Europe, killing millions in its path and throwing the medical profession into confusion. Cholera is a killer with little respect for class or wealth. When it arrived in Britain, its repercussions rocked Victorian England - from the filthy lanes of the Sunderland quayside and the squalid streets of Soho, to the great centres of power: the Privy Council, Whitehall and the Royal Medical Colleges. One man - alone and unrecognized - uncovered the truth behind the pandemic and laid the foundations for the modern scientific investigation of today's fatal plagues. John Snow was a reclusive doctor, without money or social position, who had the genius to look beyond the conventional wisdom of his day and work out that cholera was spread through drinking water. The book draws extensively on nineteenth-century medical, political and personal records in order to describe what is both an important breakthrough for medical science and also a dramatic story with a cast of colourful characters, from the heroic to the frighteningly incompetent. The book is also full of fascinating diversions into aspects of medical and social history, from Snow's tending of Queen Victoria in childbirth, to the Dutch microbiologist Leeuwenhoek's breeding of lice in his socks, and from Dickensian children's farms to riotous nineteenth-century anaesthesia parties.Trade ReviewRipping yarns from the dawn of proper medicine -- Ben Goldacre * Guardian *

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Book SynopsisFor over half a century, the CDC Yellow Book has been a trusted resource, providing international travelers and clinicians with expert guidance for safe and healthy travel abroad. Along with disease-specific prevention and treatment recommendations, this comprehensive reference text provides readers with the background and context needed to understand and address health threats associated with all types of international travel.FEATURED IN THIS EDITION: Precautions for international travelers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including links to updated information on related CDC and US government websites Updates on practicing travel medicine in a virtual environment New standalone vaccine tables for bacterial and viral diseases with links to the relevant Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and US FDA websites Safe international travel with pets and service animals Advice for obtaining healthcare abroad including guidance on different types of travel insurance Guidelines for self-treating common travel conditions including altitude illness, jet lag, motion sickness, and travelers'' diarrhea Detailed maps showing the distribution of travel-associated infections and diseases, including dengue and meningococcal meningitis Country-specific mosquito avoidance, yellow fever vaccine, and malaria prevention recommendations Food and drink precautions, plus updated water-disinfection techniques Expanded content on safe international travel for specific groups including: LGBTQ+ individuals, highly allergic travelers, travelers with substance use issues, and medical tourists Specialized recommendations for non-leisure travelers, study abroad, work-related travel, and travel to mass gatherings Health insights for 14 popular destinations and itineraries in Africa and the Middle East, the Americas and the Caribbean, and Asia Considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugeesTrade ReviewA beloved travel must-have for the intrepid wanderer." -Publishers WeeklyA truly excellent and comprehensive resource." -Journal of Hospital InfectionThis is a very well-written book that provides a great explanation of the core principles of travel medicine. This [2020] edition includes updated recommendations on some of the vaccines, such as the yellow fever vaccine. An understanding of the concepts in this book serves the needs of clinicians who aim to conquer the outbreaks of infectious diseases associated with travel. (Weighted Numerical Score: 100 - 5 Stars!) * Manasa Velagapudi, Doodys *This is the gold-standard in the field of travel medicine due to its enormous scope, expertise, and ease of use. * Kenneth Schaefle, MD, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Doody's Book Review *Table of ContentsList of Maps, by topic CDC Contributors External Contributors Acknowledgments Preface Dedication 1 Introduction Disease Patterns in Travelers ...perspectives: Why Guidelines Differ Maps & Travel Medicine Improving the Quality of Travel Medicine through Education & Training 2 Preparing International Travelers The Pretravel Consultation ...perspectives: Travelers' Perception of Risk Vaccination & Immunoprophylaxis-General Principles Interactions Between Travel Vaccines & Drugs Yellow Fever Vaccine & Malaria Prevention Information, by Country Travelers' Diarrhea ...perspectives: Antibiotics in Travelers' Diarrhea-Balancing Benefit & Risk Food & Water Precautions Water Disinfection Travel Health Kits Last-Minute Travelers Mental Health LGBTQ+ Travelers Complementary & Integrative Health Approaches to Travel Wellness Prioritizing Care for Resource-Limited Travelers Telemedicine ...perspectives: Risk Management Issues in Travel Medicine 3 Travelers with Additional Considerations Immunocompromised Travelers Travelers with Disabilities Travelers with Chronic Illnesses Highly Allergic Travelers Substance Use & Substance Use Disorders 4 Environmental Hazards & Risks Sun Exposure Extremes of Temperature Air Quality & Ionizing Radiation Scuba Diving: Decompression Illness & Other Dive-Related Injuries High Elevation Travel & Altitude Illness Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods Zoonotic Exposures: Bites, Stings, Scratches & Other Hazards Zoonoses-The One Health Approach Bringing Animals & Animal Products into the United States Food Poisoning from Marine Toxins Safety & Security Overseas Injury & Trauma Death During Travel 5 Travel-Associated Infections & Diseases BACTERIAL Vaccine-Preventable Diseases: Bacterial Anthrax Bartonella Infections Brucellosis Campylobacteriosis Cholera Diphtheria Escherichia coli, Diarrheagenic Helicobacter pylori Legionnaires' Disease & Pontiac Fever Leptospirosis Lyme Disease Melioidosis Meningococcal Disease Pertussis / Whooping Cough Plague Pneumococcal Disease Q Fever Rickettsial Diseases Salmonellosis, Nontyphoidal Shigellosis Tetanus Tuberculosis ...perspectives: Testing Travelers for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Typhoid & Paratyphoid Fever Yersiniosis VIRAL Vaccine-Preventable Diseases: Viral B Virus Chikungunya COVID-19 Dengue Hand, Foot & Mouth Disease Henipavirus Infections Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis E Human Immunodeficiency Virus / HIV Influenza Japanese Encephalitis Middle East Respiratory Syndrome / MERS Mumps Norovirus Poliomyelitis Rabies ...perspectives: Rabies Immunization Rubella Rubeola / Measles Smallpox & Other Orthopoxvirus-Associated Infections Tick-Borne Encephalitis Varicella / Chickenpox Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Yellow Fever Zika PARASITIC Amebiasis Angiostrongyliasis Cryptosporidiosis Cutaneous Larva Migrans Cyclosporiasis Cysticercosis Echinococcosis Enterobiasis / Pinworm Filariasis, Lymphatic Flukes, Liver Flukes, Lung Giardiasis Helminths, Soil-Transmitted Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Visceral Malaria Onchocerciasis / River Blindness Sarcocystosis Scabies Schistosomiasis Strongyloidiasis Taeniasis Toxoplasmosis Trypanosomiasis, African Trypanosomiasis, American / Chagas Disease FUNGAL Coccidioidomycosis / Valley Fever Histoplasmosis 6 Health Care Abroad Travel Insurance, Travel Health Insurance & Medical Evacuation Insurance Obtaining Health Care Abroad ...perspectives: Avoiding Poorly Regulated Medicines & Medical Products during Travel Medical Tourism 7 Family Travel Pregnant Travelers Travel & Breastfeeding Traveling Safely with Infants & Children Vaccine Recommendations for Infants & Children International Adoption Traveling with Pets & Service Animals 8 Travel by Air, Land & Sea Air Travel ...perspectives: Responding to Medical Emergencies when Flying Deep Vein Thrombosis & Pulmonary Embolism Jet Lag Road & Traffic Safety Cruise Ship Travel Motion Sickness Airplanes & Cruise Ships: Illness & Death Reporting & Public Health Interventions 9 Travel for Work & Other Reasons The International Business Traveler Advice for Aircrew ...perspectives: People Who Fly for a Living-Health Myths & Realities Health Care Workers, Including Public Health Researchers & Medical Laboratorians Humanitarian Aid Workers United States Military Deployments Long-Term Travelers & Expatriates Study Abroad & Other International Student Travel Visiting Friends & Relatives: VFR Travel Mass Gatherings Adventure Travel Sex & Travel 10 Popular Itineraries The Rationale for Popular Itineraries AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST African Safaris Saudi Arabia: Hajj & Umrah Pilgrimages South Africa Tanzania & Zanzibar THE AMERICAS & THE CARIBBEAN Brazil Dominican Republic Haiti Mexico Peru ASIA Burma (Myanmar) China India Nepal Thailand 11 Posttravel Evaluation General Approach to the Returned Traveler Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Infectious Diseases ...perspectives: Screening Asymptomatic Returned Travelers Fever in the Returned Traveler Antimicrobial Resistance Respiratory Infections Persistent Diarrhea in Returned Travelers Dermatological Conditions ...perspectives: Delusional Parasitosis Sexually Transmitted Infections Newly Arrived Immigrants, Refugees & Other Migrants

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Book SynopsisWhat is epidemiology? What are the causes of a new disease? How can pandemics be prevented? Epidemiology is the study of the changing patterns of disease and its main aim is to improve the health of populations. It''s a vital field, central to the health of society, to the identification of causes of disease, and to their management and prevention. Epidemiology has had an impact on many areas of medicine; from discovering the relationship between tobacco smoking and lung cancer, to the origin and spread of new epidemics. However, it is often poorly understood, largely due to misrepresentations in the media.In this Very Short Introduction Rodolfo Saracci dispels some of the myths surrounding the study of epidemiology. He provides a general explanation of the principles behind clinical trials, and explains the nature of basic statistics concerning disease. He also looks at the ethical and political issues related to obtaining and using information concerning patients, and trials involving placebos.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of Contents1. What is epidemiology? ; 2. Measuring health and disease ; 3. Searching for the causes of diseases ; 4. Establishing the causes of a disease ; 5. Testing how to control a disease ; 6. Following-up people's health ; 7. Enquiring back into people's lives ; 8. Mapping health and disease ; 9. From epidemiology to medicine, prevention, and public health ; 10. Epidemiology between ethics and politics

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Book SynopsisAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a biological mechanism whereby a micro-organism evolves over time to develop the ability to become resistant to antimicrobial therapies such as antibiotics. The drivers of and potential solutions to AMR are complex, often spanning multiple sectors. The internationally recognised response to AMR advocates for a ''One Health'' approach, which requires policies to be developed and implemented across human, animal, and environmental health. To date, misaligned economic incentives have slowed the development of novel antimicrobials and limited efforts to reduce antimicrobial usage. However, the research which underpins the variety of policy options to tackle AMR is rapidly evolving across multiple disciplines such as human medicine, veterinary medicine, agricultural sciences, epidemiology, economics, sociology and psychology. By bringing together in one place the latest evidence and analysing the different facets of the complex problem of tackling AMR, thisTrade Review'Challenges in Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance: Economic and Policy Responses is a timely publication for policy-makers working in the human, animal and environmental health sectors impacted by the emergence of AMR. Alongside climate change, AMR is one of the most pressing issues of our time. It requires a level of co-operation between countries and sectors, and an urgency that we are unaccustomed to. Every year thousands of patients in Belgium contract hospital infections. Our capacity to treat those infections using antibiotics, which help saving lives, is being undermined by the increasing presence of drug-resistant bacteria. We have taken several measures to better manage the use of antibiotics and promote infection control as part of a One Health approach. More action is needed and, crucially, this book synthesises the most recent evidence on essential policies to tackle AMR. I hope this book will help to mobilise resources across sectors and across countries to halt this significant threat to public health. The progress we have achieved over many decades is in jeopardy. This book is a clear call to action.' Maggie De Block, Minister for Social Affairs and Public Health, and Asylum Policy and Migration, Belgium'The contributors' essays are exhaustively researched and clearly argued. Policy analysts should turn to this book for guidance as they begin to formulate a resolution of threats posed by AMR [antimicrobial-resistant].' T. P. Gariepy, ChoiceTable of Contents1. Introduction Michael Anderson, Anuja Chatterjee, Charles Clift and Elias Mossialos; 2. The health and economic burden of antimicrobial resistance Driss Ait Ouakrim, Alessandro Cassini, Michele Cecchini and Diamantis Plachouras; 3. Tackling antimicrobial resistance in the community Sarah Tonkin-Crine, Lucy Abel, Oliver van Hecke, Kay Wang and Chris Butler; 4. Tackling antimicrobial resistance in the hospital sector Rasmus Leistner and Inge Gyssens; 5. Tackling antimicrobial resistance in the food and livestock sector Jeroen Dewulf, Sussana Sternberg-Lewerin and Michael Ryan; 6. Fostering R&D of novel antibiotics and other technologies to prevent and treat infection Matthew Renwick and Elias Mossialos; 7. Ensuring innovation for diagnostics for bacterial infection to combat antimicrobial resistance Rosanna W. Peeling, Debrah Boeras and John Nkengasong; 8. The role of vaccines in combating antimicrobial resistance Mark Jit and Ben Cooper; 9. The role of civil society in tackling antimicrobial resistance Anthony So and Reshma Ramachandran.

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Book SynopsisEverything you need to know about the disease, the pandemic, and the future of COVID-19 COVID-19 For Dummies gives you reliable, up-to-date information on what COVID-19 is, how it spreads, how it can be treated, and how to manage long COVID. What is a coronavirus? What is a variant? What should we be doing to protect ourselves and our families from COVID-19 infection? This jargon-free guide answers all your basic questions. You'll also learn the fundamentals of immunology, how vaccines work, and the types of vaccines used for COVID, as well as what we can do to protect ourselves from this ongoing spread. Expert author Edward K. Chapnick explains who is at the greatest risk and what treatments are available, so you can be confident that you have the knowledge you need to stay safe and healthy. Gain the knowledge to protect yourself and your loved ones from COVID-19 Understand what vaccines are used for COVID and how they work Learn how toTable of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part 1: Understanding COVID-19 Basics 5 Chapter 1: COVID-19 in a Nutshell 7 Chapter 2: Uncovering the Science of COVID-19 19 Chapter 3: Examining the 2019 Global Pandemic 33 Chapter 4: Evaluating the Pandemic’s Impact on Society 53 Part 2: Staying Safe and Healthy 71 Chapter 5: Transmitting COVID-19 73 Chapter 6: Protecting Yourself and Others from COVID-19 85 Chapter 7: Getting Diagnosed 103 Chapter 8: Getting Treated 117 Chapter 9: Managing Long COVID 135 Part 3: Accepting COVID-19 Is Here to Stay 157 Chapter 10: Looking Ahead 159 Chapter 11: Staying Safe When Working Outside Your Home 169 Part 4: The Part of Tens 179 Chapter 12: More than Ten COVID-19 Myths, Busted 181 Chapter 13: Almost Ten Ways Life Changed after COVID-19 193 Chapter 14: Nine Ways to Prepare for the Next Pandemic 201 Index 211

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Book SynopsisHighly praised for its broad, practical coverage, the second edition of this popular text incorporated the major statistical models and issues relevant to epidemiological studies. Epidemiology: Study Design and Data Analysis, Third Edition continues to focus on the quantitative aspects of epidemiological research. Updated and expanded, this edition shows students how statistical principles and techniques can help solve epidemiological problems.New to the Third Edition New chapter on risk scores and clinical decision rules New chapter on computer-intensive methods, including the bootstrap, permutation tests, and missing value imputation New sections on binomial regression models, competing risk, information criteria, propensity scoring, and splines Many more exercises and examples using both Stata and SAS More than 60 new figures After introducing study design and reviewTrade Review"This text, like its predecessors, hits the mark. … The author writes extremely well and the text is resplendent with exercises. It would be a crime if Epidemiology: Study Design and Data Analysis were never used as a text! … I wish a text like this had been available for my coursework. Enhancing its value as a text, it will be extremely useful as a reference book for its intended audience—researchers and applied statisticians. … the only excuse for an epidemiologist or applied statistician not to have it on his or her bookshelf is that he or she has not seen or heard of it. Make this book your next purchase!"—Gregory E. Gilbert, The American Statistician, November 2014Praise for Previous Editions:"As a text in quantitative epidemiology, this book also works nicely as a text in biostatistics…The presentation style is relaxed, the examples are helpful, and the level of technical difficulty makes the material approachable without oversimplification…It is sufficiently broad and deep in coverage to compete with standard texts in the field and has the added bonus of emphasizing study design. Methods and issues related to designs commonly used in a wide variety of health sciences are included…"-Ken Hess, Department of Biomathematics and Biostatistics, Anderson Cancer Center"The second edition of this epidemiology text is strengthened to cater to the two audiences the author has in mind: applied statisticians wishing to learn how their statistical expertise can be used in the epidemiology field and statistic-curious researchers who want to understand how statistical techniques can be used to solve epidemiological problems. …The result is a book that will invariably appeal to the intended audience, one with practical applications of techniques and interpretations of results in an epidemiological context. …The book is most certainly an ambitious attempt at covering a broad array of the most important epidemiologic study designs and analytical methods. This is further enforced by the addition of the meta-analysis chapter. …This book will be valuable to statisticians in applying their discipline to epidemiology. Mark Woodward's excellent second edition will effectively serve post-graduate or advanced undergraduate students studying epidemiology, as well as statisticians or researchers who are regularly confronted with epidemiological questions."-Journal of the American Statistical Association"This book provides very good coverage of major issues in the design of epidemiological studies, and a decent, but very quick, tour of commonly used statistical models for such studies."-Short Book Reviews Publication of the International Statistical Institute, K.S. Brown, University of Waterloo, Canada"Amazingly, Woodward manages to describe quite sophisticated models and analysis with nothing more complicated than summation signs. …I highly recommend it."-Statistics in Medicine, 2006"The second edition of this concisely written book covers all statistical methods being of relevance for the planning and analysis of epidemiological studies where the author avoids unnecessary mathematical details for the sake of comprehensibility. The presented statistical principles are always carefully discussed in the context of epidemiological concepts, for instance depending on the different study designs. Detailed practical examples coming from real studies as far as possible illustrate their application. …The book can be highly recommended to researchers in epidemiology who want to understand better the statistical principles being typically applied in this field and to statisticians who want to understand more about statistics in epidemiology, but also to graduate students in epidemiology, public health, medical research and statistics."-Biometrics, Sept. 2005"I think anyone with an interest in both biostatistics and epidemiology will want a copy this book on their bookshelf … it is a first-rate reference book." "I find Professor Woodward's text the most complete and practical introduction to the design and analysis of epidemiological studies I've encountered… an excellent text for either a course introducing epidemiologists to statistical thought and methods or a course introducing statisticians to epidemiological thought and methods… students appreciate having a readable textbook replete with understandable examples and worked exercises…offers a complete introduction to statistical and epidemiological methods in the study of disease in human populations. All of the standard topics are included, and the second edition even has a chapter on meta-analysis. …This book can be used as a text to introduce epidemiological methods to graduate students in statistics who have no background in epidemiology, or vice versa…Professor Woodward is to be congratulated on a job well done."-Dan McGee, Dept of Statistics, Florida State UniversityTable of ContentsFundamental Issues. Basic Analytical Procedures. Assessing Risk Factors. Confounding and Interaction. Cohort Studies. Case-Control Studies. Intervention Studies. Sample Size Determination. Modeling Quantitative Outcome Data. Modeling Binary Outcome Data. Modeling Follow-Up Data. Meta-Analysis. Risk Scores and Clinical Decision Rules. Computer-Intensive Methods. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisAcademics, activists and artists remember and reflect on the COVID-19 pandemic in an inclusive commemorative overview which honours the experience of a global disaster lived up close and suggests the steps needed to ensure we do better next time.Table of ContentsForeword - Professor Dame Sue Black, Baroness Black of Strome ‘When this is over’ - Jennifer Mustapha Introduction: A record, an accounting and a memorial - Amy Cortvriend, Lucy Easthope, Jenny Edkins and Kandida Purnell Part 1: In this together? ‘Home and away’ - Sue Bryant 1. Pandemic deaths and the possibility of politics - Jenny Edkins ‘May 8th, 2020’ - Marvin Thompson 2. Black, Asian and Global Majority experiences: a conversation - Safina Islam, Jo Robson, Amna Abdul-Latif, Yvonne Edouke Riley, Sandhya Sharma and Circle Steele ‘Illustrating grief: Lumière Tarot’ - Dipali Anumol 3. Bodies with COVID-19 - Kandida Purnell ‘Post-Covid thoughts’ - Michael Rosen 4. Grieving and collective loss in assisted living - Hannah Rumble and Karen West Part 2: Policing in an emergency ‘Unlawful gathering’ - Gracie Mae Bradley 5. Protest and policing in a pandemic - Paul Famosaya ‘Dying declaration’ - Anjana Nair 6. Legal education after COVID-19 - Patricia Tuitt ‘I have a wall in front of all my windows’ - Manca Bajec 7. Border harms in pandemic - Amy Cortvriend Part 3: Caring for the dead ‘Reckoning with grief’ - Mark Brown 8. Lessons from a mortuary - Lara-Rose Iredale ‘My impending adventure, a story for another day’ - Irene Naikaali Ssentongo 9. Funerals, cemeteries and crematoria: different community experiences - Avril Maddrell, Danielle House and Farjana Islam Part 4: Commemorating lives lost ‘Photo story’ - Led By Donkeys 10. Walking the wall: COVID-19 and the politics of memory - Mark Honigsbaum ‘Pandemic Easter’ - Herbert Woodward Martin 11. A wall of pain and love - Fran Hall Part 5: What comes next ‘Go ahead, tell me’ - Rita Coleman 12. Emergency planning is dead - Matthew Hogan ‘Waiting to exhale’ - Mehreen Hamdany 13. Moving on - Lucy Easthope Afterword - Gary Younge

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Book SynopsisIt killed novelist George Orwell, Eleanor Roosevelt, and millions of others - rich and poor. Desmond Tutu, Amitabh Bachchan, and Nelson Mandela survived it, just. For centuries, tuberculosis has ravaged cities and plagued the human body. In Phantom Plague, Vidya Krishnan, traces the history of tuberculosis from the slums of 19th-century New York to modern Mumbai. In a narrative spanning century, Krishnan shows how superstition and folk-remedies, made way for scientific understanding of TB, such that it was controlled and cured in the West. The cure was never available to black and brown nations. And the tuberculosis bacillus showed a remarkable ability to adapt - so that at the very moment it could have been extinguished as a threat to humanity, it found a way back, aided by authoritarian government, toxic kindness of philanthropists, science denialism and medical apartheid.Krishnan's original reporting paints a granular portrait of the post-antibiotic era as a new, aggressive, drug resistant strain of TB takes over. Phantom Plague is an urgent, riveting and fascinating narrative that deftly exposes the weakest links in our battle against this ancient foe.

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Book SynopsisKey Questions in Environmental Toxicology is designed as a self-study tool for undergraduate students. Questions review the origin, characterization and environmental distribution of major pollutants, followed by their absorption and metabolic disposition in living organisms. They address implications for the development of cancer, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary dysfunction and neurological conditions in relation to gaseous pollutants, particulates, persistent organic compounds and radioactive emissions, then cover the impact of pollutants on biodiversity, food safety, and water contamination. This book: - Covers toxicology from human morbidity, ecological impact and biodiversity perspectives, and emphasises the impact of diverse organic pollutants in worsening these interconnected phenomena, leading to wider environmental emergencies; - Provides a selection of fill-in-the-gap, multiple choice and short answer question types for students to vary their learning and enhance motivation; - Includes full answer rationales, allowing students to gain true insight into the subject. Providing support to programmes across environmental science, ecology and human health, and covering all the major biological toxins and pollutants as well as unintended consequences of actions designed to improve outcomes, this book may be used in conjunction with the companion volume Introduction to Environmental Toxicology.

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Book Synopsis"Swords and lances, arrows, machine guns and even high explosives have had far less power over the fate of nations than the typhus louse, the plague flea and the yellow-fever mosquito." Both shocking and entertaining, this masterpiece of popular science writing tells the tragic story of the struggle between humanity and its humble but deadly enemies, the organisms of disease. Zinsser shows how infectious disease simply represented an attempt of a living organism to survive. While from the human perspective an invading pathogen was abnormal, from the perspective of the pathogen it was perfectly normal. From the pestilence which contributed to the downfall of Rome to the dancing manias of medieval Europe, the aristocracy’s fashion for wearing wigs and the role of typhus in the First World War, Zinsser reveals just how disease and epidemics have shaped human history.Trade Review'A fascinating blend of scientific and historical research, humour and stimulating opinion on almost every subject of interest to this contemporary world' British Medical Journal'A superb book... a classic work' David Bellamy'In the course of his darting and discursive narrative his imaginations take him into strange places in human souls and philosophies' Observer

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Book SynopsisThe COVID-19 pandemic　posed　a major threat to the well-being of older Europeans. Its economic and social effects, however, varied across countries. This multidisciplinary book presents the first results of analyses that combined the renowned longitudinal database of SHARE with new data from two telephone surveys that were uniquely conducted during the pandemic. The analyses address important policy-related issues, such as: Did　social distancing　destabilize family and social support networks? Did the pandemic increase health, social and economic inequality? Who had to forego essential health care because of the pandemic?　Did lockdown affect one’s physical and mental health? Did the shift towards remote work affect workload and well-being? Were　different　housing conditions related to the spread of the virus?　　

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Book SynopsisThis book is a comprehensive and practical introduction of clinical epidemiology for students and practitioners. It covers both the basic principles and concepts of clinical epidemiology as well as its applications in various medical disciplines.It covers how to design, conduct, and interpret clinical studies using methods such as bias analysis, confounding control, causality assessment, diagnosis evaluation, prognosis prediction treatment comparison, and meta-analysis in this book. It also introduces how to apply these skills to real-world scenarios through case studies and examples that provide a fresh perspective on familiar topics. This book is a useful textbook for graduate and undergraduate students in medical schools, including MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) student.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Distribution of Disease.- Chapter 3. Descriptive Study.- Chapter 4. Cohort Study.- Chapter 5. Case-Control Studies.- Chapter 6. Experimental Epidemiology.- Chapter 7. Screening and Diagnostic Tests.- Chapter 8. Bias.- Chapter 9. Cause of Disease and Causal Inference.- Chapter 10. Disease Prevention and Surveillance.- Chapter 11. Communicable Diseases Epidemiology.- Chapter 12. Epidemiology of Non-communicable Diseases.- Chapter 13. Epidemiology of Public Health Emergencies.- Chapter 14. Molecular Epidemiology.- Chapter 15. Pharmacoepidemiology.- Chapter 16. Evidence-based Medicine and Systematic Review.- Chapter 17. Disease Prognosis.- Chapter 18. Nosocomial Infections.- Chapter 19. Epidemiology Design in Clinical Research.

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Book SynopsisAccessible, practical, and student-friendly, Systematic Reviews to Answer Health Care Questions, Second Edition, by Dr. Heidi D. Nelson, uses easy-to-understand, step-by-step instruction and real-world examples to illustrate important concepts and principles of today’s systematic reviews. You’ll learn how to form key questions, select evidence, and perform comprehensive reviews not just in predictable circumstances, but when basic rules don’t apply—honing your ability to think critically and solve problems. Perfect for investigators, medical students and faculty, practitioners, policymakers, and others who need to refine their understanding of or approach to systematic reviews, this powerful text goes beyond merely teaching how to catalog and collect, helping readers learn to evaluate, synthesize, and deliver results that will help shape the practice of health care. Provides concise, easy-to-follow instruction on how to conduct a high-quality systematic review that meets current standards in the field—from key question formulation to assessing the quality of included studies and reporting results Features updated methods and revised case studies throughout, along with new chapters on assessing quality and applicability of additional study designs and electronic tools designed to automate or improve efficiency of systematic reviews Covers the essential, practical components of how to perform a systematic review, such as defining a review’s purpose and scope, developing research questions, building a team, and managing the project to maximize efficacy Offers a useful framework to help understand how evidence is evaluated, what it means, its weaknesses or assumptions, and more Shares the knowledge and expertise of Dr. Heidi D. Nelson, a leader in the field of systematic reviews for more than 25 years, whose work has been used in shaping healthcare guidelines and policy in the United States, along with a select group of expert contributing authors An ideal resource for investigators conducting their own systematic reviews; guideline and policy committees tasked with interpreting and applying systematic reviews; students learning the science of research design, critical appraisal, and grading strength of evidence; and practitioners or others outside of health care who need a better understanding of evidence

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Book SynopsisIntroduction to Pharmaceutical Calculations is an essential study aid for pharmacy students. The book contains worked examples and sample questions and answers.Table of Contents1 Introduction; 2 Rational Numbers; 3 Systems of Units; 4 Concentrations; 5 Dilutions; 6 Formulations; 7 Calculation of Doses; 8 Doses in Children; 9 Density, Displacement Volumes and Displacement Values; 10 Calculations Involving Molecular Weights; 11 Parenteral Solutions and Isotonicity; 12 Accuracy of Measurement; 13 Calculations Involving Information Retrieval.

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Book Synopsis"An invaluable portrait of the evolution of international health in recent decades." —William Bynum, Wall Street JournalTrade Review"An invaluable portrait of the evolution of international health in recent decades…We need more people like Peter Piot who will rise to the occasion with spirit and passion." -- William Bynum - Wall Street Journal"[A] fascinating account of the complex behavioural responses that epidemics trigger among their human hosts." -- José Esparza - Nature"From laboratories to field epidemiology, boardrooms and political chambers, [No Time To Lose] charts an incredibly impactful career in science and the fine arts of diplomacy, communication and political engagement in difficult situations." -- Chikwe Ihekweazu - Nature"Insightful." -- Andrew Jack - Financial Times"A riveting read." -- Laurie Garrett - The Lancet"A timely and accessible memoir…enthralling reading…will appeal to budding young scientists." -- Booklist (starred review)"Piot helped assure that affordable drugs revolutionizing AIDS treatment would be available to the poorest victims. He leaves a legacy of change and hope in two worlds—medicine and politics—and an urgent reminder that their cooperation saves lives." -- Publishers Weekly (starred review)

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Book SynopsisThe 2014 Ebola epidemic demonstrated the power of pandemics and their ability not only to destroy lives locally but also to capture the imagination and terrify the world. Christian W. McMillen provides a concise yet comprehensive account of pandemics throughout human history, illustrating how pandemic disease has shaped history and, at the same time, social behavior has influenced pandemic disease. Extremely interesting from a medical standpoint, the study of pandemics also provides unexpected, broader insights into culture and politics.This Very Short Introduction describes history''s major pandemics - plague, tuberculosis, malaria, smallpox, cholera, influenza, and HIV/AIDS - highlighting how each disease''s biological characteristics affected its pandemic development. McMillen discusses state responses to pandemics, such as quarantine, isolation, travel restrictions, and other forms of social control, and pays special attention to the rise of public health and the explosion of medical research in the wake of pandemics, especially as the germ theory of disease emerged in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Today, medicine is able to control all of these diseases, yet some of them are still devastating in much of the developing world. By assessing the relationship between poverty and disease and the geography of epidemics, McMillen offers an outspoken and thought-provoking point of view on the necessity for global governments to learn from past experiences and proactively cooperate to prevent any future epidemic.Table of ContentsIntroduction Chapter 1: Plague Chapter 2: Smallpox Chapter 3: Malaria Chapter 4: Cholera Chapter 5: Tuberculosis Chapter 6: Influenza Chapter 7: HIV/AIDS References Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisTEXTBOOK OF EPIDEMIOLOGY The gold standard in epidemiological texts In the second edition of Textbook of Epidemiology, a distinguished team of researchers deliver an extensively updated and comprehensive exploration of epidemiological methods, illuminating the tools for studying the distribution and risk factors of health states and events in populations. An introduction to epidemiological methods with recent and broadly applicable examples End-of-chapter self-assessment questions for readers to check their understanding of key concepts, with answer keys and further enrichment materials available on a companion website A brand-new chapter covering methods for systematic review and meta-analysis Accessible material appropriate for clinical practitioners and researchers from around the world Perfect for professionals working in clinical medicine and public health, Textbook of Epidemiology will also earn a place in the libraries of allied health professionals seeking a one-stop resource or to reimmerse themselves in specific methodological topics and practices.Table of ContentsPreface xiAbout the companion website xiii1 Epidemiology 1 2 Frequency 13 3 Association 31 4 Study Design 47 5 Precision and Validity 65 6 Etiology and Causality 101 7 Genetic Epidemiology 117 8 Outbreak Epidemiology 133 9 Diagnostic and Prognostic Research 159 10 Intervention 191 11 Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 207Answers to knowledge assessment questions 221Index 233

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewDr. Alfredo Morabia's book takes us through many fascinating chapters in the history of public health....compelling.—Family MedicineTable of ContentsPreface1. Public Health2. Plague3. Smallpox4. Cholera5. Tuberculosis6. Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases7. HIV/AIDS8. Social Determinants of Health9. 1918 Influenza And SARS/COVID-19Epilogue: The Public Health ApproachAppendix: How Old Is the Public Health Approach?AcknowledgementsReferencesNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisOpioids. Concussions. Obesity. Climate change. America is a country of everyday crises -- big, long-spanning problems that persist, mostly unregulated, despite their toll on the country''s health and vitality. And for every case of government inaction on one of these issues, there is a set of familiar, doubtful refrains: The science is unclear. The data is inconclusive. Regulation is unjustified. It''s a slippery slope. Is it?The Triumph of Doubt traces the ascendance of science-for-hire in American life and government, from its origins in the tobacco industry in the 1950s to its current manifestations across government, public policy, and even professional sports. Well-heeled American corporations have long had a financial stake in undermining scientific consensus and manufacturing uncertainty; in The Triumph of Doubt, former Obama and Clinton official David Michaels details how bad science becomes public policy -- and where it''s happening today. Amid fraught conversations of alternative facts and truth decay, The Triumph of Doubt wields its unprecedented access to shine a light on the machinations and scope of manipulated science in American society. It is an urgent, revelatory work, one that promises to reorient conversations around science and the public good for the foreseeable future.Trade Review[Michaels] documents not only a shocking disregard for human welfare on the part of big business, but also a co-ordinated effort to compromise the culture of knowledge itself. * Times Literary Supplement *...chock full of good examples that were clearly researched (averaging over 30 references per chapter) and supplemented with Michaels' personal experiences. I think any scientist who wants to bridge the realm of research, policy, politics and ethics would benefit from reading this book. * JULIE POLLOCK, Chemistry World *David Michaels opens our eyes to the methods corporations employ that bend the facts of science in order to make a profit. * Chemistry World *Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. The Science of Deception 3. The Forever Chemical 4. The NFL's Head Doctors 5. A Spirited Denial 6. The Deal with Diesel 7. On Opioids 8. Deadly Dust 9. Working the Refs 10. Volkswagen's Other Bug 11. The Climate Denial Machine 12. Sickeningly Sweet 13. The Party Line 14. Science for Sale 15. Future in Doubt

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. From the Origin of Disease to Pandemic Infectious Diseases2. The Age of Chronic and Late Chronic Diseases: A New View of Diseases3. Five Strategies of Our Body to Fight Disease4. Method of Ending Disease and the Future Medical System5. After the End of Disease

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. An introduction to the concept of One Health 2. Public health, surveillance systems and preventive medicine in an interconnected world 3. Epidemiology of disease through the interactions between humans, domestic animals, and wildlife 4. Risk and benefits of companion animals 5. Food and water security and safety for an ever-expanding human population 6. The influence of social and economic environment on health 7. Environmental contaminants and antibiotic resistance as a One Health threat 8. Climate change and its impacts on health, environment and economy 9. Degradation of ecosystems and loss of ecosystem services 10. Challenges and future perspectives for the application of One Health

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Book SynopsisTHE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world.The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government''s most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities Special considerations for neTrade Review[The CDC Yellow BooK 2018] is a truly excellent and comprehensive resource * Andrew Berrington, Journal of Hospital Infection *Table of ContentsList of Boxes, Figures, Maps, and Tables, by Topic List of Maps Editorial Staff CDC Contributors External Contributors Acknowledgments In Memoriam: Dedication to Alan J. Magill Preface 1. Introduction Introduction to Travel Health & the Yellow Book Planning for Healthy Travel: CDC Travelers' Health Website and Mobile Applications Travel Epidemiology Perspectives: The Role of the Traveler in Translocation of Disease Perspectives: Why Guidelines Differ Air Travel Trends 2. The Pre-Travel Consultation The Pre-travel Consultation Perspectives: Travelers' Perception of Risk Perspectives: Prioritizing Care for the Resource-Limited Traveler Perspectives: The Need for a Cost Analysis of to Justify the Travel MedicineConsult General Recommendations for Vaccination & Immunoprophylaxis Interactions among Travel Vaccines & Drugs Perspectives: Fear of Vaccines Self-Treatable Conditions Travelers' Diarrhea Perspectives: Antibiotics in Travelers' Diarrhea -- Balancing the Risks & Benefits For the Record: A History of the Definition & Management of Travelers' Diarrhea Altitude Illness For the Record: A History of the Definition & Management of Altitude Illness Jet Lag Motion Sickness Respiratory Infections Counseling & Advice for Travelers Food & Water Precautions Perspectives: Prevention of Travelers' Diarrhea-It's Not Only WHAT You Eat & Drink Water Disinfection for Travelers Food Poisoning from Marine Toxins Protection against Mosquitoes, Ticks, & Other Arthropods Sun Exposure Problems with Heat & Cold Injury Prevention Safety & Security Animal-Associated Hazards Natural Disasters Environmental Hazards Scuba Diving Medical Tourism Discussing Complementary and/or Alternative Integrative Health Approaches with Travelers Deep Vein Thrombosis & Pulmonary Embolism Mental Health Travel Health Kits Perspectives: Pharmaceutical Quality & Counterfeit Falsified Drugs Obtaining Health Care Abroad for the Ill Traveler Travel Insurance, Travel Health Insurance, & Medical Evacuation Insurance 3. Infectious Diseases Related to Travel Amebiasis Angiostrongyliasis, Neurologic Anthrax B virus Bartonella Infections Brucellosis Campylobacteriosis Chikungunya Cholera Coccidioidomycosis Cryptosporidiosis Cutaneous Larva Migrans Cyclosporiasis Cysticercosis Dengue Diphtheria Ebola Virus Disease and Marburg Virus Disease Echinococcosis Escherichia coli, Diarrheagenic Fascioliasis Filariasis, Lymphatic Giardiasis Hand, Foot, & Mouth Disease Helicobacter pylori Helminths, Soil-Transmitted Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis E Histoplasmosis HIV Infection Influenza Japanese Encephalitis Legionellosis (Legionnaires' Disease & Pontiac Fever) Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Visceral Leptospirosis Lyme Disease Malaria For the Record: A History of Malaria Chemoprophylaxis Measles (Rubeola) Melioidosis Meningococcal Disease Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Mumps Norovirus Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) Pertussis Pinworm (Enterobiasis, Oxyuriasis, Threadworm) Plague (Bubonic, Pneumonic, Septicemic) Pneumococcal Disease Poliomyelitis For the Record: A History of Polio Eradication Efforts Q Fever Rabies Perspectives: Intradermal Rabies Preexposure Immunization Rickettsial (Spotted & Typhus Fevers) & Related Infections, including Anaplasmosis & Ehrlichiosis Rubella Salmonellosis (Nontyphoidal) Sarcocystosis Scabies Schistosomiasis Sexually Transmitted Diseases Perspectives: Sex & Tourism Shigellosis Smallpox & Other Orthopoxvirus-Associated Infections Strongyloidiasis Taeniasis Tetanus Tickborne Encephalitis Toxoplasmosis Trypanosomiasis, African (Sleeping Sickness) Trypanosomiasis, American (Chagas Disease) Tuberculosis Perspectives: Tuberculin Skin Testing of Travelers Typhoid & Paratyphoid Fever Varicella (Chickenpox) Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Yellow Fever For the Record: A History of Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements Yersiniosis Zika Virus Yellow Fever & Malaria Information, by Country 4. Select Destinations Rationale for Select Destinations Africa & The Middle East East Africa: Safaris Saudi Arabia: Hajj/Umrah Pilgrimage South Africa Tanzania: Kilimanjaro The Americas & The Caribbean Brazil Cuba Dominican Republic Haiti Mexico Peru: Cusco-, Machu Picchu, and Other Regions Asia Burma (Myanmar) Cambodia China India Nepal Thailand Vietnam The Middle East & North Africa Egypt & Nile River Cruises Saudi Arabia: Hajj Pilgrimage 5. Post-Travel Evaluation General Approach to the Returned Traveler Fever in Returned Travelers Persistent Travelers' Diarrhea Skin & Soft Tissue Infections in Returned Travelers Screening Asymptomatic Returned Travelers 6. Conveyance & Transportation Issues Air Travel Cruise Ship Travel Perspectives: What to Expect when Traveling during an International Outbreak Death during Travel Taking Animals & Animal Products across International Borders 7. International Travel with Infants & Children Traveling Safely with Infants & Children Vaccine Recommendations for Infants & Children Travel & Breastfeeding International Adoption 8. Advising Travelers with Specific Needs Immunocompromised Travelers Travelers with Chronic Illnesses Pregnant Travelers Travelers with Disabilities Immigrants Returning Home to Visit Friends & Relatives (VFRs) Health Care Workers Advice for Air Crews Humanitarian Aid Workers Long-Term Travelers & Expatriates Perspectives: Malaria in Long-Term Travelers & Expatriates Last-Minute Travelers Special Considerations for US Military Deployments Study Abroad & Other International Student Travel Travel to Mass Gatherings Newly Arrived Immigrants & Refugees Wilderness and Expedition Medicine Work-Related Travel Immunocompromised Travelers Appendices Appendix A: Promoting Quality in the Practice of Travel Medicine Appendix B: Travel Vaccine Summary Table Appendix C: Migrant Health Resources Index Photo credits

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Book SynopsisHealth Measurement Scales is the ultimate guide to appraising, developing, and validating measurement scales that are used in the health sciences. Written in a clear and practical style, this guide enables clinicians and researchers to both develop scales to measure subjective states and non-tangible health outcomes, as well as evaluate and differentiate among existing tools.Topics presented in the order that scales are constructed: how the individual items are developed, biases that can affect responses, various response options, how to select the best items in the set, how to combine them into a scale; and finally how to determine the reliability and validity of the scale.Fully updated to reflect recent developments in the field and the latest survey methods. The new edition contains updated information on generalizability theory and item response theory, and integration of qualitative research methods into scale design and testing. Including guidelines, appendices and checklists, this useful book is a must-read for any practitioner dealing with any kind of subjective measurement.

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Book SynopsisPsychotic disorders are a major public health challenge. Psychoses are associated with significant individual, familial, and societal costs. Yet, our understanding of these conditions is limited because the overwhelming majority of research is conducted in a small number of countries in North America, Europe, and Australasia, which together comprise only around 16% of the world''s population. There are consequently substantial gaps in our knowledge of psychoses, and the need for a global perspective is obvious.Psychosis: Global Perspectives comprises two parts: In the first half of the book, the authors review the current evidence base on psychoses around the world by theme, from epidemiology to human rights, highlighting commonalities and differences between settings and illustrating the gaps in our knowledge. The second half of the book synthesises existing research from nine countries in the Global South, providing detailed accounts of ongoing research programmes, local treatment syTable of ContentsPart I Psychosis by Topic 1: Ozden Merve Mollaahmetoglu and James B. Kirkbride: Psychosis across place: The madding crowdDL urban living and psychosis 2: Els van der Ven: Psychosis across persons 1: Minority ethnic groups and migration 3: Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Stephanie Beards, and Ulrich Reininghaus: Psychosis across persons 2: Poverty, trauma, and sociodevelopment 4: Giulia Segre, Conrad Iyegbe, Sarah Tosato, Geraldo Busatto, and Paola Dazzan: Psychosis across persons 3: Genes, biology, and neurodevelopment 5: Jonathan K. Burns: Psychosis across persons 4: Course and outcome 6: Alex Cohen: Mortality and psychosis 7: Neely Anne Laurenzo Myers: Psychosis, phenomenology, and culture: Welcoming the 'black box' 8: Ashok Malla and Srividya N. Iyer: Services and systems of care for psychotic disorders: A global perspective 9: Ursula M. Read and Erminia Colucci: Human rights and psychosis Part II Psychosis by Place 10: Cristina Marta Del-Ben, Rosana Shuhama, and Paulo Rossi Menezes: Ribeirao Preto, Brazil: Incidence and risks 11: Gerard Hutchinson: Trinidad and Tobago 12: Oye Gureje, Akin Ojagbemi, and Oluyomi Esan: Nigeria 13: Charlotte Hanlon, Alex Cohen, and Atalay Alem: Ethiopia 14: Jonathan K. Burns and Bonginkosi Chiliza: KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 15: Dzmitry Krupchanka, Petr Winkler, Arunas Germanavicius, Jan Pfeiffer, Cyril Höschl, Oksana Plevachuk, and Orest Suvalo: Central and Eastern Europe 16: Rangaswamy Thara, Sujit John, Ramachandran Padmavati, Greeshma Mohan, and Vijaya Raghavan: Chennai, India 17: Christy Lai Ming Hui, Wing Chung Chang, Sherry Kit Wa Chan, Edwin Ho Ming Lee, and Eric Yu Hai Chen: Hong Kong 18: Shuiyuan Xiao and Lu Niu: Psychoses and mental health services in mainland China 19: Tessa Roberts, Alex Cohen, and Craig Morgan: Future directions

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Book SynopsisAcross the last forty years, epidemiology has developed into a vibrant scientific discipline that brings together the social and biological sciences, incorporating everything from statistics to the philosophy of science in its aim to study and track the distribution and determinants of health events. A now-classic text, the second edition of this essential introduction to epidemiology presents the core concepts in a unified approach that aims to cut through the fog and elucidate the fundamental concepts. Rather than focusing on formulas or dogma, the book presents basic epidemiologic principles and concepts in a coherent and straightforward exposition. By emphasizing a unifying set of ideas, students will develop a strong foundation for understanding the principles of epidemiologic research.Trade ReviewThe small size and relaxed narrative style almost persuade the reader that they are enjoying an interesting novel, and, unlike bulkier tomes, it lends itself to reading on the move or at home. However, far from light reading, the content provides indepth, well constructed descriptions of theories and concepts. These are supported by practical examples, using widely-known studies and common conditions, which even someone at the beginning of their epidemiology education could easily connect with with... In this respect. the book is useful to the graduate student and encourages an appreciation of the public health considerations common to many diseases and conditions. The narrative style is used to great advantage in some chapters, to discuss causation, measures of disease occurrence and epidemiology in clinical settings, as well as in the new chapters in this edition which describe the pioneers of epidemiology and infectious disease epidemiology. * Public Health Today, June 2013 *In summary, this book is a brilliant introductory book to learn concepts of epidemiology. In contrast to the many available introductory books (several of them written in a naive way), this book does not trivialize these concepts. It perfectly prepares the reader for the reference book of epidemiologic methods entitled "Modern Epidemiology" by Rothman et al... I am not aware of any other introductory book of epidemiology that presents these many epidemiologic concepts. It is a perfect--although demanding--reader for an introductory course of epidemiology in master programs of epidemiology, public health, and at medical schools. * European Journal of Epidemiology *If you want a thorough grounding in technical terms, Rothman is unsurpassed. * Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening, Feb 2013 *This is an excellent introduction to the principles and concepts of epidemiology. In a little over 200 pages Rothman covers all the essential topics for an introductory graduate level course in epidemiology. * European Journal of Public Health *Epidemiology: An Introduction is a superb addition to other publications that have appeared in the past decade. The author has achieved the stated goal of providing a coherent overview of epidemiologic principles and concepts. * American Journal of Epidemiology *Kenneth Rothman has taken the time to write a short and excellent introductory epidemiology textbook....Frequently introductory texts strive for brevity through superficiality of coverage. Rothman chose a different approach: selectivity of subject matter. As a result, Epidemiology: An Introduction provides an exceptionally lucid overview of analytic epidemiology.... The mix of text, graphics, tables, and sidebars that is used throughout the book proves very useful in explicating important concepts such as confounding, interaction, study design, and biases, which may be challenging to the student in an introductory course.... The clarity of expression in this book should be an inspiration to other authors and teachers of epidemiology. * The Epidemiology Monitor *This text is ideal for beginners in epidemiological statistics to learn the terminology and understand how and when to use statistical tools. The text focuses on concepts, not on mathematics, and discusses statistical techniques in the context of the real problems they can solve. This text bridges the gap between what is taught in an introductory statistics text and what you need to be an effective researcher and analyst. * STATA *Students and scholars who pursue epidemiology as a career should find this book a useful addition to their library ... a worthwhile new edition * Doody's Notes, April 2013 *Table of Contents1. Introduction to Epidemiologic Thinking ; 2. Pioneers in Epidemiology and Public Health ; 3. What is Causation? ; 4. Measuring Disease Occurrence and Causal Effects ; 5. Types of Epidemiologic Studies ; 6. Infectious Disease Epidemiology ; 7. Dealing with Biases ; 8. Random Error and the Role of Statistics ; 9. Analyzing Simple Epidemiologic Data ; 10. Controlling Confounding by Stratifying Data ; 11. Measuring Interactions ; 12. Using Regression Models in Epidemiologic Analysis ; 13. Epidemiology in Clinical Settings ; Appendix ; Index

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Book SynopsisA health disparity refers to a higher burden of illness, injury, disability, or mortality experienced by one group relative to others attributable to multiple factors including socioeconomic status, environmental factors, insufficient access to health care, individual risk factors, and behaviors and inequalities in education. These disparities may be due to many factors including age, income, and race. Statistical Methods in Health Disparity Research will focus on their estimation, ranging from classical approaches including the quantification of a disparity, to more formal modeling, to modern approaches involving more flexible computational approaches.Features: Presents an overview of methods and applications of health disparity estimation First book to synthesize research in this field in a unified statistical framework Covers classical approaches, and builds to more modern computational techniques Table of Contents1. Basic Concepts. 2. Overall Estimation of Health Disparities. 3. Domain-specific Estimates. 4. Causality, Moderation and Meditation. 5. Machine Learning Based Approaches to Disparity Estimation. 6. Health Disparity Estimation Under a Precision Medicine Paradigm. 7. Extended Topics.

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Book SynopsisDisease screening and disease surveillance (DSDS) constitute two critical areas in public health, each presenting distinctive challenges primarily due to their sequential decision-making nature and complex data structures. Statistical Methods for Dynamic Disease Screening and Spatio-Temporal Disease Surveillance explores numerous recent analytic methodologies that enhance traditional techniques. The author, a prominent researcher specializing in innovative sequential decision-making techniques, demonstrates how these novel methods effectively address the challenges of DSDS.After a concise introduction that lays the groundwork for comprehending the challenges inherent in DSDS, the book delves into fundamental statistical concepts and methods relevant to DSDS. This includes exploration of statistical process control (SPC) charts specifically crafted for sequential decision-making purposes. The subsequent chapters systematically outline recent advancements in dynamic scre

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Book SynopsisThe role that the social and behavioural sciences play in the daily practice of dentistry is now an essential part of all dentistry training, but it can often seem distant from the reality of daily clinical practice.Table of ContentsIntroductionChapter 1: The Social Context of Oral Health and DiseaseChapter 2: Poverty, Inequality and Oral HealthChapter 3: Gender and Oral HealthChapter 4: Ethnicity and Oral HealthChapter 5: Oral Health in Later LifeChapter 6: Disability and Oral HealthChapter 7: Symptoms and Help-SeekingChapter 8: Adherence and Behaviour Change in Dental SettingsChapter 9: Stress and HealthChapter 10: Issues in Social PsychologyChapter 11: Pain and Dental AnxietyChapter 12: Communication in the Dental SurgeryChapter 13: The Dentist in SocietyReferences

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Book SynopsisBlackwell Publishing is delighted to announce that this book has been Highly Commended in the 2004 BMA Medical Book Competition. Here is the judges' summary of this book: "This is a technical book on a technical subject but presented in a delightful way.Trade Review"This book is the statistics book of choice for anyone wanting a proper appreciation of the use and application of statistics in health care. I highly recommend this book." (Journal of Renal Nursing, 6 November 2011) the breadth of coverage of the book is excellent ... a rather different approach to teaching medical statistics." Statistics in Medicine "The most readable book that I have yet discovered in the topic" Community Health Studies "This book is statistically correct. That is enough to distinguish it from most of its competitors." British Medical Journal Published Reviews of the 2th Edition "One word which definitely describes this book is "comprehensive". Anything you ever wanted to know about medical statistics is covered in immense detail." 4th Year Medical Student Liverpool Medical School Sphincter, December 2003 "This is a comprehensive book that includes an impressive range of topics often omitted from books aimed at non-statisticians. ...a resource that makes it easy for a beginner to comprehend a wide range of statistical concepts and tools. Essential Medical Statistics fills an important niche by providing practical information on a comprehensive scope of modern statistical methods and, at the same time, communicating on the same wavelengths as physicians and other nonstatisticians." Teaching of Statistics in the Health Sciences, Section of the American Statistical Association, Spring 2004 "The book is laid out in a logical fashion and includes all of the tables you need to find p-values once you have performed a test. It covers simple statistical methods, such as how to calculate the mean and standard deviation, progressing to linear and multiple regression, Poisson regression and measures of impact and association. ...I would recommend using it to anyone who is still struggling with statistics." North Wing, Sheffield Medics Magazine, Winter 2004 "The book is generally well laid out, the indexing is well structured and a comprehensive bibliography is provided. The topics are easy to locate and include practical examples. These attributes make it a useful text for both consulting and teaching purposes." Statistics in Medicine, Vol 24, Number 5, March 2005Table of ContentsPart A. Basics. 1. Using this book. 2. Defining the data. 3. Displaying the data. Part B. Analysis of numerical outcomes. 4. Means, Standard Deviations and Standard Errors. 5. The Normal Distribution. 6. Confidence Interval for a Mean. 7. Comparison of two means: confidence intervals, hypothesis tests and P-values. 8. Using P-values and confidence intervals to interpret the results of statistical analyses. 9. Comparison of means from several groups: analysis of variance. 10. Linear Regression and Correlation. 11. Multiple Regression. 12. Goodness of fit and regression diagnostics. 13. Transformations. Part C. Analysis of binary outcomes. 14. Probability, risks and odds (of disease). 15. Proportions and the binomial distribution. 16. Comparing two proportions. 17. Chi-squared tests for 2 × 2 and larger contingency tables. 18. Controlling for confounding: stratification. 19. Logistic regression: comparing two or more exposure groups. 20. Logisitic regression: controlling for confounding and other extensions. 21. Matched studies. Part D. Longitudinal studies: Analysis of rates and survival times. 22. Longitudinal studies, rates and the Poisson distribution. 23. Comparing rates. 24. Poisson regression. 25. Standardisation. 26. Survival analysis: displaying and comparing survival patterns. 27. Regression analysis of survival data. Part E. Statistical modelling. 28. Likelihood. 29. Regression modelling. 30. Relaxing model assumptions. 31. Analysis of clustered data. 32. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis. 33. Bayesian statistics. Part F. Study design, analysis and interpretation. 34. Linking analysis to study design: summary of methods. 35. Calculation of Required Sample Size. 36. Measurement error: assessment and implications. 37. Measures of association and impact. 38. Strategies for analysis. APPENDIX: Statistical Tables. Bibliography

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Book SynopsisMisinformation can be broadly defined as information that is inaccurate or false according to the best available evidence, or information whose validity cannot be verified. It is created and spread with or without clear intent to cause harm. There is well-documented evidence that misinformation persists despite fact-checking and the presentation of corrective information, often traveling faster and deeper than facts in the online environment. Drawing on the frameworks of social judgment theory, cognitive dissonance theory, and motivated information processing, the authors conceptualize corrective information as a generic type of counter-attitudinal message and misinformation as attitude-congruent messages. They then examine the persistence of misinformation through the lens of biased responses to attitude-inconsistent versus -consistent information. Psychological inoculation is proposed as a strategy to mitigate misinformation.

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Book Synopsis

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