Medical specialties, branches of medicine Books

Book SynopsisMinuchin traces for the first time the minute operations of day-to-day practice. Having achieved renown for his theoretical breakthroughs and his success at treatment, he now explains those precise and difficult maneuvers that constitute his art. The book thus codifies the method of one of the country's most successful practitioners.Trade ReviewAmong family therapists, Minuchin is recognized as a most original innovator, a superb clinician, and an outstanding teacher. He has been able to transmit all of his background and experience into this excellent book. Anyone who has a serious interest in family therapy today will want to have and to know this book. * Journal of Psychotherapy *For the individual therapist searching for a better family model, Families and Family Therapy is recommended at the top of any list of acquisitions. It is doubtful whether any other family therapy publication today can match it. * Contemporary Psychology *Table of Contents1. Spontaneity 2. Families 3. Joining 4. Planning 5. Change 6. Reframing 7. Enactment 8. Focus 9. Intensity 10. Restructuring 11. Boundaries 12. Unbalancing 13. Complementarity 14. Realities 15. Constructions 16. Paradoxes, by Peggy Papp 17. Strengths 18. Beyond Technique Notes Case Index General Index

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Book SynopsisAnimal behavior expert Daniel T. Blumstein delves into the evolutionary origins and diverse ecological contexts of fear. Fear protects organisms from threats, but at a cost in health and productivity. The various species manage these costs differently, providing lessons for humans as we seek to benefit from fear without succumbing to panic.Trade ReviewClearly, The Nature of Fear is a book for this moment. Dread is all around, manifold and constant during the coronavirus pandemic, of course. But a particular theme of our escalating anxieties comes to the fore with Blumstein’s book in hand: the fear of belonging to nature…As the pandemic brings into focus our biological fragility, the time seems apt to examine the nature of human fear through the lens of, well, nature. * The Atlantic *A revelatory and masterful work by the world’s authority on fear in animal societies. Blumstein focuses the lenses of animal behavior and evolution on very human anxieties and fears. The result is a beautifully written book rich in crucial insights, with salience for scientists, students, policy makers, and every human being navigating their way through our sometimes frightening world. -- Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, coauthor of Wildhood and ZoobiquityBlumstein has studied fear in the animal kingdom for more than 30 years. In this highly readable book, he explains how related insights can help us do everything from composing scary music to managing biodiversity and imposing effective public health measures…Embrace your fears, and give it a read! * BBC Wildlife *The Nature of Fear’s main province is the fluttering pulse-rates of the broader animal kingdom, and that makes for mind-changing reading. -- Steve Donoghue * Open Letters Review *This terrific book is a reminder that when we are afraid, we are not alone. Lizards have fear. Mice have fear. Marmots have fear. This feeling is ancient, and for many millions of years, it has guided animals’ actions. If you want to understand the roots of fear, and also make more sense of your own life, read this book. -- Rob Dunn, author of Never Home AloneBlumstein shows us how fear can be a positive force. When equipped with the knowledge of fear’s origin, we have a blueprint for conquering it. Informed by animals and evolution, The Nature of Fear is a biological thriller that everyone needs to read. -- Brian Hare, coauthor of The Genius of DogsIn this lively and informative book, Blumstein takes the study of fear from the laboratory into the wild to emphasize the costs and benefits of fear responses and their evolution. This novel approach has much to offer as we try to understand the origin of our own fears. -- Guy Beauchamp, author of Animal Vigilance: Monitoring Predators and CompetitorsIn this fascinating book, Daniel Blumstein explores the causes and consequences of fear for human and nonhuman animals, providing important insights into the ways that we all recognize and cope with risks in the course of our daily lives. -- Tim Clutton-Brock, author of Mammal SocietiesThe feature making this project most compelling is the thesis that fear can be chronic, inappropriate, and very costly…An enjoyable book. -- James Chadwick Johnson * Quarterly Review of Biology *In this slim but packed book, Daniel Blumstein explores many facets of an emotion all animals feel: fear in all its different faces, broadening the discussion in ways that will challenge readers to re-examine the values of a trauma nobody likes. -- Steve Donoghue * Open Letters Review *

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Book SynopsisFor over thirty years, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Specialties has guided students and junior doctors through their clinical placements, renowned for providing all the information needed for both practice and revision in a deceptively small package. Now in its eleventh edition, the Handbook has been revitalized by an expanded team of specialty experts and junior doctors to guide readers through each of the specialties encountered through medical school and Foundation Programme rotations, while remaining true to the humanity and patient focus of the original edition. Updated with the latest advice and clinical guidelines, packed full of high-quality illustrations, boxes, tables, and classifications, and with a brand new chapter on how to survive your junior doctor years and beyond, this handbook is ideal for both study and use at direct point of care. Each chapter is clear and concise and filled with medical gems, with features including ribbons to mark your most-used pages and mnemonics to help you memorize and retain key facts. With reassuring and friendly advice throughout, this is the ultimate guide and revision tool for every medical student and junior doctor for each clinical specialty placement. This well-loved Handbook remains the perfect companion to the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine, together encompassing the entire spectrum of clinical medicine and unmatched by any competitor in their class, helping you become the doctor you want to be.Trade ReviewPretty much a must -- have for medical students having clinical placements, great summaries of all the most important conditions within numerous clinical specialties. Got delivered in perfect condition. * Amazon Review *Absolutely perfect if you've also got the handbook of clinical medicine. Between the two they basically cover most of the med school curriculum. Use this along side NICE CKS, BMJ best practice and passmed and you're sorted. * Medical student, Amazon *Due to the easy-to-read nature of the handbook and the concise way in which is written we would recommend the book to any medical student who is wanting to grasp the concepts of their specialities learning. It has all the information in one place- perfect for notetaking and revision. * North Wing Magazine *As a GP Registrar, I find this book of immense value during my hospital rotations, as well as during my rotation at the GP Surgery. It is also serving me as a source of information to prepare for the Applied Knowledge Test needed for my Certificate of Completion of Training. * Dr Michael Zar, GP Registrar, Glycosmedia *Table of Contents1: Charlotte Goumalatsou: Obstetrics 2: Charlotte Goumalatsou: Gynaecology 3: Simon Buckley: Paediatrics 4: Alastair Denniston, Priscilla Mathewson: Ophthalmology 5: Nicholas Steventon: Ear, nose, and throat 6: Sanju Arianayagam: Dermatology 7: Juliet Clutton: Orthopaedics 8: Juliet Clutton: Trauma 9: Blair Graham: Emergency medicine 10: Terry Collingwood: Pre-hospital emergency medicine 11: Nina Hjelde: Anaesthesia 12: Gil Myers: Psychiatry 13: Andrew Baldwin: General practice 14: Andrew Baldwin: Eponymous syndromes 15: Andrew Baldwin, Gil Myers: Doctors' health and performance

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Book SynopsisThis book lays bare the logic of forgotten abuse. Psychologist Jennifer Freyd's breakthrough theory explaining this phenomenon shows how psychogenic amnesia not only happens but also, if the abuse occurred at the hands of a parent or caregiver, is often necessary for survival.Trade ReviewA century of observation leaves no doubt that some traumatized people develop amnesia for the event and may not recall their experiences. How can we understand this?...Freyd calls attention...to the social context in which the trauma occurs. The relationship between the victim and the perpetrator is central to her theory. "In order to survive in cases of core betrayals (abuse by a trusted caregiver on a dependent victim) some amount of information blockage is required."...In one of the most ingenious and original sections of the book, Freyd puts her hypothesis to the test by reanalyzing data from four recently published studies of adults with histories of childhood sexual abuse. In each case, she finds that those who were abused by close relatives were more likely to have forgotten the abuse...[This book is] a thoughtful and impassioned treatise by a survivor who has transformed her own betrayal trauma into an investigation of the psychology of memory. -- Judith Lewis Herman * American Journal of Psychiatry *A powerful work dealing with the often forgotten element of betrayal in the paradigm of traumatic (non)experience...Freyd's work places itself squarely against a segment of American medical community that stresses the shortcomings of "false memory syndrome"...A survivor of betrayal trauma herself...Freyd should be commended for standing up to a (distinct) typos of traditional psychiatry...[that discounts] an individual's experience by naming it as indicative of false memory syndrome. -- William Aljandro Martin * Metapsychology *[Freyd has set] out on an ambitious mission: to review the scientific evidence relevant to the hypothesis that child abuse is most likely to be forgotten when the perpetrator is a trusted caregiver. The result is a book of stunning clarity and objectivity that contributes a great deal to the literature on psychological trauma...Dr. Freyd marshals an impressive array of scientific evidence...and she does so in a way that is accessible to a broad audience. This book sheds light on some of the thorniest questions about the delayed recall of childhood abuse without resorting to emotional pleas or sanctimonious grandstanding. Dr. Freyd lets the data speak for themselves, which results in one of the finest integrative reviews of traumatic-memory research to come along in the past decade...Ultimately, Betrayal Trauma is a triumph of objective evidence over impassioned pleas, politics, and media sound-bites. This book is a must-read for anyone who has a personal or professional stage in how our society deals with the issue of childhood abuse and its treatment. -- Aaron E. Black, Ph.D. * Psychiatric Services *Betrayal Trauma stands apart and claims our serious attention on several counts. It systematically presents a plausible theory to account for amnesia for childhood abuse and evidence to back up that theory; it makes sophisticated use of contemporary cognitive science; it is well written and avoids...descent into hyperbole and belittlement; and, finally, it notes alternative interpretations of the assembled data...Because it is a cogent, well written, and informative presentation of a way of understanding and accepting the validity of lost and refound memories of trauma, Betrayal Trauma is highly recommended reading. -- C. Brooks Brenneis, Ph.D. * Psychoanalytic Books *Jennifer Freyd describes a logical, often elegant theory of forgetting childhood abuse experiences and other upsetting events...[She] addresses the politics of the recovered memory/false memory debate in a sober and rational way that encourages thinking over affect. She does this despite her own painful experience with both the topics of abuse, itself, and the impact of the False Memory movement on those who report recovered memories...I found this book to be refreshing, intelligent, and challenging. I recommend it to the mental health community, cognitive scientists, and the interested layperson. -- John Briere * Contemporary Psychology *This book clearly goes beyond the previous texts [on recovered memory]...Freyd has provided a book that is interesting and informative for the layperson, practitioner, and researcher. By the end of Betrayal Trauma, the reader will have a solid understanding of the issue and controversies related to forgotten child abuse. More important, the reader will understand that there is a logic to this forgetting that could be conceptualized within a particular model. -- Jonathan M. Golding * Child Maltreatment *Rational views of the available evidence [surrounding recovered memory] are rather uncommon...That, in addition to the intrinsic merit of the book, is what makes Jennifer Freyd's Betrayal Trauma, such an exceptional document and raises it to the level of a landmark contribution. Betrayal Trauma is a feat of superb scholarship and remarkable objectivity and integrity...Adroitly employing everyday experiences to make potentially complex processes and concepts immediately accessible, Freyd reviews the literature on both the distortion of memory and the preservation of memory with admirable evenhandedness...Freyd's own theory is simple and elegant...For the scholar, the mental health professional, and the intelligent lay reader, Freyd's rich and rewarding work offers powerful testimony that a scholar with integrity and compassionate rationality can withstand the onslaught of impassioned hysteria and redirect a field's attention to its basic concerns. She has set a new standard for responsible scholarship in this frequently troubled and troublesome area of study. Let us hope her example proves influential. -- Dr. Richard P. Kluft * Pennsylvania Gazette *Jennifer Freyd has written an incredibly powerful and moving book, the kind where her thinking gets yours going and you start to jot notes in the margins as you tear through it...Dr. Freyd has risen above the fray about repressed memories. -- Patience Mason * Post-Traumatic Gazette *Freyd's book is elegantly and economically written, argued with clarity and precision and presenting testable predictions...[It is] the best book on motivated amnesia for childhood abuse. -- Phil Mollon * Clinical Psychology Forum *One may easily predict that this book, and the theory it proposes, will be considered as a central milestone in the research of human psychology in the next decade...There are certain books, and they are not many, which reading is equal to a successful psychotherapy, and which inner truth penetrates the heart. This book most certainly belongs among them. Freyd's writing combines experience, sincerity, and courage with professional capability. -- Irit Y. Yaar, Attorney * Mar'ariv Daily Newspaper *In this well-researched book, Freyd has articulated a theory of memory loss and recall surrounding childhood abuse that is both grounded in cognitive science and immensely validating of and accessible to feminist therapists...She covers a tremendous amount of ground, all the while articulating complex processes in clear, relevant terms. She made memory research exciting and relevant to me as a therapist while satisfying my researcher's need for evidence...Freyd has taken a courageous huge step in bringing both sanity and clarity to the field of child sexual abuse therapy. -- Susan L. Morrow, Ph.D. * Women and Therapy *Betrayal Trauma is not a polemic tract but a knowledgeable treatise on the subject of memory formation, and forgetting. In covers in scholarly, yet clear detail the formation and logic of memory and its retrieval…The book is highly recommended for all those interested in the field, for it encapsulates the research whilst clearly showing the plausibility of what Freyd calls the "logic of forgetting childhood abuse." -- Dawn Baker * ANZJFT *Table of Contents1. Betrayal Blindness 2. Conceptual Knots 3. Context and Controversy 4. Why Forget? 5. Ways of Forgetting 6. Testable Predictions 7. Creating Connections Afterword References Acknowledgments Index

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Book SynopsisExplains how the human head works, and why our heads evolved in this peculiarly human way. This book documents how the many components of the head function, how they evolved since we diverged from the apes, and how they interact in diverse ways both functionally and developmentally, causing them to be highly integrated.Trade ReviewLieberman's integrated approach will make his book a forum for a way of thinking in human evolution that has not yet found its equal in print. -- Christopher Dean, University College LondonThis is an outstanding book. Lieberman draws from a wide variety of disciplines, including bone biology, embryology, morphometrics, functional anatomy, and paleontology to forge a masterful synthesis of the evolution of the human head. It will be the definitive reference for decades. * John G. Fleagle, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University *Lieberman offers acute descriptions of anatomy, embryology, physiology, and hominid fossils, while providing an exciting way to observe the relationships among structures, functions, and evolutionary variance. -- Scott Vieira * Library Journal *Lieberman dives deep into the cranium, showing just how much of what we consider to be human is connected to what happens above the neck. -- Carolyn Y. Johnson * Boston Globe *Daniel Lieberman has written a wonderful and inspiring book about the human head's evolution...One stands in awe at the work that has gone into it...This encyclopedic book is transformative...The morphological details in Lieberman's book make it a direct descendant of Gray's Anatomy...If a single word describes this book, it is integrative. The author integrates material from anatomy, physiology, physics, biomechanics, molecular and developmental biology, but brings all under the umbrella of evolutionary theory. -- Chris McManus * Times Higher Education *This [is an] impressive book...This hefty and well-written book offers a scholarly breadth and attention to detail that are certainly laudable. The book is quite unusual in that it includes a comprehensive review of the soft tissues associated with cranial features and discusses them within the context of evolutionary morphology and the fossil record of the human skull. I can think of no other volume that packages the anatomy of the human head in this fashion...Lieberman's big book definitely moves us ahead in effectively synthesizing so much of what is currently understood about the structure, function and evolution of the human head. -- Brian T. Shea * American Scientist *By rooting his study in the basics of tissue mechanics and functional morphology, Lieberman does the spadework to which all such studies aspire but few achieve--and makes that task seem elegant and effortless. -- Henry Gee * Nature *Daniel Lieberman marshals diverse evidence to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding patterns of variation and covariation in the form, function, and phylogeny of the human head...The breadth and diversity of subject matter the volume will impart to the reader is particularly laudable. Lieberman's holistic approach is a welcome, if not requisite, strategy for addressing a multifarious biological system such as the human head. The book's focus on both hard- and soft-tissue components, consideration of how such elements correspond to one another, and comprehensive overview of external and internal influences on patterns of morphological variation and covariation clearly set the tone for how one might profitably investigate cranial evolution across all vertebrates. The introductions to myriad biological concepts, surveys of some modern approaches to outstanding paleoanthropological questions, and review of fossil evidence regarding evolutionary transformations in human skull form will enlighten readers of all backgrounds. The Evolution of the Human Head is an entertaining read...It contains a wealth of information relevant to human evolution. In doing so, it offers a wonderful entrée into many of the outstanding issues that will undoubtedly remain at the center of debates regarding human origins for years to come. -- Matthew J. Ravosa * Science *

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface ix Acknowledgements xii Notes on Using the Maudsley® Deprescribing Guidelines xiii Abbreviations List xv Chapter 1 Introduction to Deprescribing Psychiatric Medications 1 Deprescribing as an Intervention 1 The context for deprescribing 2 Why deprescribe? 7 Barriers and facilitators to deprescribing 11 Withdrawal Effects from Psychiatric Medications 13 Mis-diagnosis of withdrawal effects as relapse 13 Pathophysiology of psychiatric drug withdrawal symptoms 16 Clinical aspects of psychiatric drug withdrawal 19 Specific issues in psychiatric drug withdrawal 23 How to Deprescribe Psychiatric Medications Safely 27 The neurobiology of tapering 28 Practical options for prescribing gradually tapering doses 36 Psychological aspects of tapering 43 Tapering psychiatric drugs in practice 45 Further topics 52 Chapter 2 Safe Deprescribing of Antidepressants 57 When and Why to Stop Antidepressants 57 Adverse effects of antidepressants 66 Discussing deprescribing antidepressants with patients 72 Withdrawal Effects from Antidepressants 76 Recent developments in the understanding of antidepressant withdrawal 76 Pathophysiology of antidepressant withdrawal symptoms 80 Clinical aspects of antidepressant withdrawal 87 How common, severe and long‐ lasting are withdrawal symptoms from antidepressants? 92 Protracted antidepressant withdrawal syndrome 96 Post‐ SSRI sexual dysfunction 98 Factors influencing development of withdrawal effects 99 Stratfiying risk of antidepressant withdrawal 105 Distinguishing antidepressant withdrawal symptoms from relapse 107 Distinguishing antidepressant withdrawal symptoms from new onset of a physical or mental health condition 111 Withdrawal symptoms during antidepressant maintenance treatment or switching medication 113 How to Deprescribe Antidepressants Safely 115 Tapering antidepressants gradually 119 Hyperbolic tapering of antidepressants 125 Practical options in prescribing gradually tapering doses of antidepressants 131 Psychological aspects of antidepressant tapering 140 Tapering antidepressants in practice 143 Managing complications of antidepressant discontinuation 153 Tapering Guidance for Specific Antidepressants 158 Agomelatine 159 Amitriptyline 163 Bupropion 168 Citalopram 174 Clomipramine 183 Desvenlafaxine 188 Dosulepin 193 Doxepin 198 Duloxetine 203 Escitalopram 209 Fluoxetine 216 Fluvoxamine 223 Imipramine 228 Lofepramine 233 Mirtazapine 238 Moclobemide 243 Nortriptyline 248 Paroxetine 253 Phenelzine 259 Sertraline 264 Tranylcypromine 270 Trazodone 275 Venlafaxine 280 Vilazodone 288 Vortioxetine 292 Chapter 3 Safe Deprescribing of Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs 297 When and Why to Stop Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs 297 Discussing deprescribing benzodiazepines and z-drugs 304 Withdrawal Symptoms from Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs 309 Physical dependence vs addiction in use of benzodiazepines and z-drugs 311 Pathophysiology of benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome 313 Variety of withdrawal symptoms from benzodiazepines and z-drugs 316 Protracted benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome 320 Distinguishing benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms from return of an underlying condition 323 Withdrawal symptoms during benzodiazepine maintenance treatment 326 How to Deprescribe Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs Safely 327 Tapering benzodiazepines and z-drugs gradually 330 Hyperbolic tapering of benzodiazepines and z-drugs 332 Switching to longer-acting benzodiazepines to taper 335 Making up smaller doses of benzodiazepines and z-drugs practically 338 Other considerations in tapering benzodiazepines and z-drugs 342 Psychological aspects of tapering benzodiazepines and z-drugs 345 Tapering benzodiazepines and z-drugs in practice 348 Management of complications of benzodiazepine and z-drug discontinuation 358 Tapering Guidance for Specific Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs 362 Alprazolam 364 Buspirone 375 Chlordiazepoxide 380 Clonazepam 388 Clorazepate 396 Diazepam 404 Estazolam 412 Eszopiclone 418 Flurazepam 423 Lorazepam 429 Lormetazepam 440 Nitrazepam 446 Oxazepam 452 Quazepam 461 Temazepam 467 Triazolam 474 Zaleplon 480 Zolpidem 485 Zopiclone 490 Chapter 4 Safe Deprescribing of Gabapentinoids 495 When and Why to Stop Gabapentinoids 495 Discussing deprescribing gabapentinoids 504 Overview of Gabapentinoid Withdrawal Effects 507 Physical dependence vs addiction in use of gabapentinoids 510 How to Deprescribe Gabapentinoids Safely 512 Principles for tapering gabapentinoids 512 Making up smaller doses of gabapentinoids practically 516 Other considerations in tapering gabapentinoids 520 Psychological aspects of tapering gabapentinoids 523 Tapering gabapentinoids in practice 525 Management of complications of gabapentinoid discontinuation 532 Tapering Guidance for Specific Gabapentinoids 537 Gabapentin 538 Pregabalin 546 Index 553

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Book SynopsisThis atlas is a comprehensive guide to interventional pain management procedures. Divided into 11 sections, the book begins with an overview of the subject, covering radiological anatomy, common image-guided procedures, radiation protection, MRI, protocols, and more. Each of the following sections covers procedures for pain management in different parts on the body, including head and neck, cervical spine, chest and thorax, lumbosacral spine; as well as neuromodulation, and peripheral and sympathetic blocks. The final chapters examine ultrasound guided block and ultrasound guided dry needling. Presented in bullet point style, each topic follows a step by step approach, explaining indications, contraindications, equipment, and procedural techniques. Edited by recognised experts from India, the UK and the US, and with contributions from leading international experts, this book is highly illustrated with radiological images and figures. Access to procedural videos via a QR code is also included with the atlas. Table of ContentsSECTION 1 BASICS: INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT 1. Fluoroscopy for Minimally Invasive Spinal and Trigeminal Procedures 2. Understanding of Radiological Anatomy 3. Understanding Common Image-guided Procedures 4. Understanding the Pathology of Common Conditions through Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Pain Physician 5. Radiation Protection 6. Informed Consent for Interventional Pain Management Procedures 7. Protocol for Interventional Pain Management Procedures 8. Role of Investigations for Interventional Pain Treatment Procedures 9. Medications Used for Interventional Pain Procedures SECTION 2 HEAD AND NECK 10. Trigeminal Nerve Block 11. Percutaneous Cervical Cordotomy SECTION 3 CERVICAL SPINE 12. Interlaminar Cervical Epidural Block 13. Cervical Medial Branch Block 14. Cervical Medial Branch Radiofrequency Ablation 15. Cervical Radiofrequency Denervation in Lateral Patient Position SECTION 4 CHEST AND THORAX 16. Intercostal Nerve Block 17. Intrapleural Bloc SECTION 5 LUMBOSACRAL SPINE 18. Interlaminar Lumbar Epidural Block 19. Transforaminal Lumbar Epidural Block 20. Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections: Technical Challenges 21. Lumbar Medial Branch Block and Radiofrequency Ablation 22. Caudal Epidural Block 23. S1 Nerve Root Block and Technical Challenges 24. Sacroiliac Joint Block 25. Sacroiliac Joint Radiofrequency Denervation 26. Sacroiliac Joint Fusion: A Minimally Invasive Posterior Approach 27. Piriformis Tendon and Muscle Injection 28. Pudendal Nerve Block and Pulsed Radiofrequency Procedure 29. Coccygeal Nerve Block SECTION 6 NEUROMODULATION 30. Sacral Nerve Stimulation SECTION 7 PERIPHERAL BLOCKS 31. Radiofrequency Neurotomy of Suprascapular Nerve for Refractory Shoulder Joint Pain 32. Tennis or Golfer’s Elbow 33. Hip Joint Injection 34. Greater Trochanteric Bursa Injection 35. Popliteal Nerve Block 36. Calcaneal Spur Injection SECTION 8 SYMPATHETIC BLOCK 37. Stellate Ganglion Block 38. Splanchnic Plexus Block: Fluoroscopy Guided 39. CT-guided Splanchinc Plexus Block 40. CT-guided Celiac Plexus Block 41. Celiac Plexus Block: Fluoroscopy Guided 42. Lumbar Sympathetic Plexus Block 43. Superior Hypogastric Plexus Block 44. Ganglion of Impar Block SECTION 9 ULTRASOUND GUIDED BLOCK 45. Suprascapular Nerve Block 46. Brachial Plexus Block (Supraclavicular Approach) 47. Thoracic Paravertebral Block 48. Ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block 49. Lumbar Plexus Block 50. Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block 51. Sacral Plexus Block 52. Pericapsular Nerve Group Block (For Hip Joint) SECTION 10 ULTRASOUND-GUIDED DRY NEEDLING 53. Ultrasound-guided Dry Needling SECTION 11 ADVANCED PAIN MANAGEMENT 54. Spinal Cord Stimulation 55. Intrathecal Drug Delivery System 56. Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy 57. Kyphoplasty Index

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Book SynopsisThis book is a complete guide to histopathology techniques for trainees. Beginning with an introduction to tissue examination, the next chapters discuss fixation and fixatives, tissue processing and embedding, decalcification, microtomy and section cutting, and frozen section and cryostat. The following sections cover different staining procedures, immunohistochemistry, and automation in histopathology, concluding with chapters on biological waste management and quality management. Each chapter includes a self-assessment exercise with short notes and answers, and the comprehensive text is further enhanced by nearly 350 clinical photographs, diagrams and tables. Key points Complete guide to histopathology techniques for trainees Provides detail on different staining procedures, immunohistochemistry, and automation Features self-assessment exercises with notes and answers Highly illustrated with clinical photographs, diagrams and tables Table of Contents Introduction and Examination of Tissues Fixation and Fixatives Tissue Processing and Embedding Decalcification Microtomy and Section Cutting Frozen Section and Cryostat Theoretical Aspects of Staining Hematoxylins and Eosin Staining Procedure and Mounting Demonstration of Carbohydrates Pigments and Minerals Staining for Amyloid Connective Tissues Stains Stains for Lipids Stains for Microorganisms Immunohistochemistry Automation in Histopathology Museum Technique Microscope Photography Biological Waste and Its Management Total Quality Management Bibliography Appendices Index

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Book SynopsisThe Mind of a Mnemonist is a rare phenomenon—a scientific study that transcends its data and, in the manner of the best fictional literature, fashions a portrait of an unforgettable human being.Trade ReviewA distinguished Soviet psychologist’s study…[of a] young man who was discovered to have a literally limitless memory and eventually became a professional mnemonist. Experiments and interviews over the years showed that his memory was based on synesthesia (turning sounds into vivid visual imagery), that he could forget anything only by an act of will, that he solved problems in a peculiar crablike fashion that worked, and that he was handicapped intellectually because he could not make discriminations, and because every abstraction and idea immediately dissolved into an image for him. It is all fascinating and delightful. * New Yorker *Luria’s essay is a model of lucid presentation and is an altogether convincing description of a man whose whole personality and fate was conditioned by an intellectual idiosyncrasy. * Times Literary Supplement *These two books [The Man with a Shattered World and The Mind of a Mnemonist] are compassionate and vivid portraits—he called them ‘neurological novels’—though they are in fact case histories of two patients whom Luria observed for 30 years. * Los Angeles Times *A welcome re-issue of an English translation of Alexander Luria’s famous case-history of hypermnestic man. The study remains the classic paradigm of what Luria called ‘romantic science,’ a genre characterized by individual portraiture based on an assessment of operative psychological processes. The opening section analyses in some detail the subject’s extraordinary capacity for recall and demonstrates the association between the persistence of iconic memory and a highly developed synaesthesia. The remainder of the book deals with the subject’s construction of the world, his mental strengths and weaknesses, his control of behaviour and his personality. The result is a contribution to literature as well as to science. * Psychological Medicine *The richness of clinical insight, the acuity of the observations, and the fullness of the overall picture of [Luria’s] mnemonist are all extraordinary… A perceptive study not only of memory organization but also of the manner in which memory is imbedded in a pattern of life. -- Jerome S. Bruner, from the Foreword to the First Edition (1967)Originally published almost two decades ago, these fascinating and enormously informative case histories are now classics, each the product of almost 30 years of research by the late Soviet neuropsychologist Aleksandr Romanovich Luria… The Man with a Shattered World describes the heroic struggle of a young soldier trying to recover the memory and other mental capacities lost when a bullet entered his brain. Although different facets of mind are discussed in each [The Man with a Shattered World and The Mind of a Mnemonist], in a sense the two books are complementary, as memory is exaggerated in one and impaired in the other. What we know about the brain and mind is greatly enriched by either book. -- Elliot Valenstein * Boston Globe *Table of ContentsForeword to the 1987 Edition Foreword to the First Edition Preface 1. Introduction 2. The Beginning of the Research 3. His Memory The Initial Facts Synesthesia Words and Images Difficulties Eidotechnique The Art Of Forgetting 4. His World People and Things Words 5. His Mind His Strong Points His Weak Points 6. His Control of Behavior The Objective Data A Pew Words About Magic 7. His Personality

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Book SynopsisAs a result of the expansion in the area of pharmaceutical medicine there is an ever-increasing need for educational resources. The Dictionary of Clinical Trials, Second Edition comprehensively explains the 3000 words and short phrases commonly used when designing, running, analysing and reporting clinical trials.Trade Review"These succinct definitions effectively provide the researcher with a working understanding of the term, enabling one to understand the structure and outcomes of a clinical trial." (American Reference Books Annual, March 2008)Table of ContentsPreface to the Second Edition. Preface to the First Edition. The Ground Rules. Bibliography. A to Z entries. Appendix 1: ICH "Efficacy' Guidelines. Appendix 2: Pharmaceutical Forms (or Dosage Forms). Appendix 3: Routes of Administration.

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Book SynopsisCovering a progressive medical field, Tissue Engineering describes the innovative process of regenerating human cells to restore or establish normal function in defective organs.Table of ContentsPreface xiii Acknowledgments xv List of Abbreviations xvii Important Terminology and Concepts xxi 1 Introduction to Tissue Engineering 1 1.1 Introduction to Tissue Engineering, 2 1.2 Chronic Shortage of Donor Organs, 3 1.3 The Tissue Engineering Paradigm, 4 1.4 Definition of Tissue Engineering, 5 1.5 Process of Bioengineering 3D Artificial Tissue, 9 1.6 Design Principles for Tissue Engineering, 12 1.7 Building Blocks of Tissue Engineering, 14 1.8 Scientific and Technological Challenges, 15 1.9 Functional Assessment of Artificial Tissue, 16 1.10 Seminal Papers in Tissue Engineering, 18 1.11 Applications of 3D Artificial Tissue, 20 1.12 Two-Dimensional Versus Three-Dimensional Culture, 22 1.13 Integration of Core Technologies, 22 1.14 Growth of Tissue Engineering, 24 1.15 Disciplines in Tissue Engineering, 26 1.16 Tissue Engineering and Related Fields, 28 Summary, 33 Practice Questions, 34 References, 35 2 Cells for Tissue Engineering 40 2.1 Cells and Tissue Engineering, 41 2.2 Cell Structure and Function, 43 2.3 The Dynamic Extracellular Matrix, 47 2.4 Cell Signaling, 48 2.5 Cellular Junctions, 50 2.6 Mammalian Tissue and Artificial Tissue, 52 2.7 Cell Sourcing, 52 2.8 The Cell Transplantation Process, 55 2.9 Cells for Cell Transplantation, 58 2.10 Mode of Action of Cells During Cell Transplantation, 59 2.11 Cell Transplantation and Tissue Engineering, 60 2.12 The Cell Culture Process, 61 2.13 Applications of Monolayer 2D Cell Culture, 64 2.14 Cell Culture Versus Tissue Engineering, 65 2.15 Introduction to Stem Cell Engineering, 66 2.16 Human Embryonic Stem Cells, 70 2.17 Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, 71 2.18 Adult Stem Cells, 72 Summary, 72 Practice Questions, 73 References, 74 3 Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering 84 3.1 Definition of Biomaterials, 85 3.2 Scheme for Biomaterial Development, 88 3.3 Historical Perspective on Biomaterials, 90 3.4 Tensile Properties, 92 3.5 Modulation of Tensile Properties, 95 3.6 Material Degradation, 97 3.7 Biocompatibility, 100 3.8 Biomimetic Biomaterial, 104 3.9 Classification of Biomaterials, 106 3.10 Biomaterial Platforms, 108 3.11 Smart Materials, 113 3.12 The Dynamic Extracellular Matrix, 114 3.13 Idealized Biomaterial, 116 Summary, 118 Practice Questions, 119 References, 121 4 Tissue Fabrication Technology 130 4.1 Introduction to Tissue Fabrication Technologies, 131 4.2 Self-Organization Technology, 133 4.3 Cell Sheet Engineering, 135 4.4 Scaffold-Based Tissue Fabrication, 137 4.5 Cell and Organ Printing, 140 4.6 Solid Freeform Fabrication, 142 4.7 Soft Lithography and Microfluidics, 143 4.8 Cell Patterning, 145 4.9 Idealized System to Support Tissue Fabrication, 148 Summary, 149 Practice Questions, 150 References, 151 5 Vascularization of Artificial Tissue 156 5.1 Introduction, 157 5.2 Seminal Publications in Angiogenesis Research, 159 5.3 Vascularization Defined, 160 5.4 Molecular Mechanism of Vasculogenesis, 161 5.5 Molecular Mechanism of Angiogenesis, 163 5.6 Molecular Mechanism of Arteriogenesis, 164 5.7 Therapeutic Angiogenesis, 166 5.8 Tissue Engineering and Vascularization, 167 5.9 Conceptual Framework for Vascularization During Artificial Tissue Formation, 169 5.10 In Vivo Models of Vascularization, 172 5.11 Idealized Vascularization Strategy for Tissue Engineering, 174 5.12 Flow Chart and Decision Making, 176 5.13 Biologically Replicated Vascularization Strategies, 179 5.14 Biologically Mediated Vascularization Strategies, 181 5.15 Biologically Inspired Vascularization Strategies, 184 Summary, 186 Practice Questions, 187 References, 188 6 Bioreactors for Tissue Engineering 193 6.1 Introduction to Bioreactors, 194 6.2 Bioreactors Defined, 195 6.3 Classification of Bioreactors, 197 6.4 Design Considerations, 200 6.5 Idealized Bioreactor System, 202 6.6 Bioreactors and Tissue Engineering, 205 6.7 Bioreactors for Mammalian Cell Culture, 207 6.8 Bioreactors for Scaffold Fabrication, 209 6.9 Bioreactors for Scaffold Cellularization, 212 6.10 Perfusion Systems, 215 6.11 Bioreactors for Stretch, 219 6.12 Electrical Stimulation, 221 Summary, 226 Practice Questions, 227 References, 230 7 Tracheal Tissue Engineering 237 7.1 Structure and Function of the Trachea, 238 7.2 Congenital Tracheal Stenosis, 240 7.3 Genetic Regulation of Tracheal Development, 241 7.4 Post Intubation and Post Tracheostomy Tracheal Stenosis, 243 7.5 Treatment Modalities for Tracheal Stenosis, 245 7.6 Design Considerations for Tracheal Tissue Engineering, 247 7.7 Process of Bioengineering Artificial Tracheas, 247 7.8 Tissue Engineering Models for Artificial Tracheas, 250 7.9 Tracheal Tissue Engineering—An Example of a Clinical Study, 253 7.10 Tracheal Tissue Engineering—A Second Example of a Clinical Study, 255 Summary, 258 Practice Questions, 258 References, 260 8 Bladder Tissue Engineering 265 8.1 Bladder Structure and Function, 266 8.2 Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction, 267 8.3 Surgical Bladder Augmentation, 269 8.4 Development of the Urinary Bladder, 270 8.5 Design Considerations for Bladder Tissue Engineering, 270 8.6 Process of Bioengineering Artificial Bladders, 271 8.7 Cell Sheet Engineering for Bladder Tissue Engineering, 273 8.8 Small Intestinal Submucosa (SIS) for Bladder Tissue Engineering, 275 8.9 Plga as a Biomaterial for Bladder Tissue Engineering, 278 8.10 Acellular Grafts for Bladder Tissue Engineering, 280 8.11 Organ Models for Bladder Tissue Engineering, 283 8.12 Clinical Study for Bladder Tissue Engineering, 284 Summary, 285 Practice Questions, 286 References, 288 9 Liver Tissue Engineering 295 9.1 Structure and Function of the Liver, 296 9.2 Acute Liver Failure, 297 9.3 Liver Transplantation, 299 9.4 Liver Regeneration, 301 9.5 Liver Development, 302 9.6 Design Considerations for Liver Tissue Engineering, 303 9.7 Process of Bioengineering Artificial Liver Tissue, 303 9.8 Stem Cells for Liver Tissue Engineering, 305 9.9 Surface Patterning Technology for Liver Tissue Engineering, 307 9.10 Biomaterial Platforms for Liver Tissue Engineering, 309 9.11 Fabrication of 3D Artificial Liver Tissue, 309 9.12 Vascularization for Liver Tissue Engineering, 311 9.13 Bioreactors for Liver Tissue Engineering, 312 9.14 Spheroid Culture for Liver Tissue Engineering, 313 Summary, 314 Practice Questions, 315 References, 317 Index 323

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Book SynopsisWhile there are many excellent pacing and defibrillation books, they are nearly all written by physicians for physicians. The second edition of the successful The Nuts and Bolts of Cardiac Pacing has been thoroughly updated, reflecting the new challenges, issues, and devices that clinicians deal with. Written specifically for non-cardiologists in a lively, intelligent and easy to follow style, it emphasizes real-life clinical practice and practical tips, including illustrations from actual clinical settings. Each chapter concludes with a checklist of key points from each subject (Nuts and Bolts). New features to the second edition include: updated terminology and images reflecting new software developments information on new innovations and advanced features, such as ventricular intrinsic preference and AF suppression new features on the automatic atrial capture test and follow-up features new chapter covering clinical studies on the pTable of ContentsIntroduction. 1 The healthy heart. 2 The conduction system. 3 Indications for pacing. 4 The history of pacing. 5 Implantable device codes. 6 Pacemaker technology. 7 Lead technology. 8 Implant techniques. 9 Single-chamber pacing. 10 Dual-chamber pacing. 11 Basic paced ECG interpretation. 12 Rate-responsive pacing. 13 Special features. 14 Systematic follow-up. 15 Troubleshooting and diagnostics. 16 Advanced features. 17 Clinical trials on pacing. Appendix: A short guide to systematic pacemaker. follow-up. Glossary. Index

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Book SynopsisThis is a guide to interpreting chest X-rays in a simpler and structured form, thus minimizing missing any findings. It focuses on common clinical scenarios and relevant findings to help students in their revision of radiology. It is also a practical book for pediatricians, postgraduate students and busy practitioners.Table of Contents1. Basics of Pediatric Chest X-ray 2. Step by Step Interpretation 3. Miliary Shadows 4. Pulmonary Space Occupying Lesion 5. Chest X-ray in Neonates Index

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Book SynopsisAn authoritative overview of contemporary approaches to integrative skin health The popularity of integrative medical treatment of skin disorders has increased significantly in recent yearsrequiring practicing clinicians to keep pace with continuingdevelopments in dermatological research and methods.Advances in Integrative Dermatologyoffers a comprehensive survey of this dynamic field, providing up-to-date information on both preventative and therapeutic approaches to skin health. Combining clinical medicine with complimentary treatment plans, integrative dermatology provides an innovative perspective to individual patient care. This essential text explores new research in areas including the effects of stress and pollution on the skin, the importance of high-quality sleep, complementary methods of averting skin conditions, and more. Recognizing the impact skin disorders have on physiological, psychological, and emotional health, editors Katlein França and Torello Lotti illustrate kTable of ContentsAcknowledgements ix Foreword xi List of Contributors xiii 1 Advances in Integrative Dermatology: Modifying the Concepts from the Past to Change the Future of Dermatology 1Katlein França and Torello Lotti 2 Psycho‐Neuro‐Endocrine‐Immunology: A Psychobiological Concept 9Torello Lotti and Katlein França 3 Psychoneurocutaneous Medicine 25Mohammad Jafferany, Paul Pastolero, and Katlein França 4 Acne 33Bárbara R. Ferreira, José C. Cardoso, José P. Reis, and Américo Figueiredo 5 Rosacea 57Victor Gabriel Clatici and Cristiana Voicu 6 Seborrheic Dermatitis 71David E. Castillo, Ilana Gunczler, Katlein França, and Jonette Keri 7 Autoimmune Skin Disorders 89Francesca Satolli, Miriam Rovesti, and Claudio Feliciani 8 Vitiligo 103Serena Gianfaldoni and Torello Lotti 9 The Combined Approach to Atopic Dermatitis 119Christopher Bridgett, Peter Norén, and Richard Staughton 10 Psoriasis 131Uwe Wollina 11 Urticaria 145Li-Ping Zhao and Xing‐Hua Gao 12 Lichen Planus and Lichenoid Disorders 163Valeria Mateeva and Snejina Vassileva 13 Itch: An Integrative Approach 187Radomir Reszke and Jacek C. Szepietowski 14 Infections of the Skin 231Carmen Maria Salavastru, Adelina Maria Sendrea, Stefana Cretu, and George Sorin Tiplica 15 Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer 257Anagha Bangalore Kumar, Yasser Al-Qubaisy, and Katlein França 16 Melanoma 271Karls Raimonds 17 The Microbiome in Hair Disorders 289Andy Goren, Maja Kovacevic , John McCoy , Mirna Situm, Zeljana Bolanca , Andrija Stanimirovic, Rachita Dhurat, Jill Chitalia , Aseem Sharma, and Torello Lotti 18 Integrative Treatment for Chronic Wounds 295Evan Darwin, Alexandra R. Vaughn, and Hadar Lev‐Tov 19 Diet and Skin 321Veronica Di Nardo, Farah Daaboul, Catherine E. Amey, and Victoria Barygina 20 Supplements and Skin 345Veronica Di Nardo 21 Water and Dermatology 351Belma Türsen 22 Sleep and Skin 361Ladan Mostaghimi 23 Exercise and Skin 367Veronica Di Nardo, Aurelio Conte, Francesca Finelli, and Torello Lotti 24 Skin and Pollution 379Katerina Damevska, Suzana Nikolovska, Jana Kazandjieva, Bisera Kotevska Trifunova, and Georgeta Bocheva 25 Cosmeceuticals 393Jaishree Sharad 26 Botulinum Toxin: Cosmetic and Noncosmetic Dermatological Uses 413Jaishree Sharad 27 Ayurvedic Dermatology 457Anagha Bangalore Kumar, Sushmitha Grama Srinivasan, and Raghavendra Rao 28 Acupuncture 467Paolo Amori and Liguori Aldo 29 Moxibustion in Dermatology 477Ümit Türsen and Begüm Ünlü 30 Cupping Treatment in Dermatology 483Begüm Ünlü and Ümit Türsen 31 Biofeedback 487Jacopo Lotti 32 Meditation, Hypnosis, and Psychotherapy for Skin Disorders 503Philip D. Shenefelt 33 Dermatoethics and Dermatobioethics in Integrative Dermatology 513Reginaldo de França, Aparecida Porto França, and Katlein França Index 521

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Book SynopsisA compelling evolutionary narrative that reveals how human civilization follows the same ecological rules that shape all life on EarthTrade Review“Starting from ecological and evolutionary principles that transcend our own species, Mark Bertness offers a new perspective on the rise of human civilization.”—Judith Bronstein, editor of Mutualism“A Brief Natural History of Civilization uses the science of natural history to frame the peril and promise of our times.”—Paul Ewald, author of Plague Time: The New Germ Theory of Disease“Understanding the ‘big picture’ of the development and trajectory of human civilization is vital as a global society faces collapse. Bertness’ book provides a brilliant short course on what should be the central topic for public education today.”—Paul R. Ehrlich, author of Human Natures“A remarkable, far-ranging synthesis with something new and eye-opening on just about every page. Mark Bertness points to the powerful force of cooperation as our best hope.”—James Gustave Speth, author of America the Possible: Manifesto for a New Economy“Who am I? This book weaves a powerful argument that our sense of self and our culture is very tightly coupled to our sense of place in nature. A remarkable synthesis!”—Paul Dayton, Scripps Institution of Oceanography

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Evolution of Anesthesiology as a Specialty 2. Preoperative Assessment 3. Airway 4. General Anesthesia 5. Pharmacology of Anesthetic Agents 6. Structure of Neuromuscular Junction and Neuromuscular Transmission in Skeletal Muscles 7. Central Neuraxial Blockade 8. Regional Anesthesia 9. Monitoring of a Patient Under Anesthesia 10. Ensuring Homeostasis Under Anesthesia 11. Organ Protection During Anesthesia 12. Postoperative Care 13. Intensive Care 14. Special Anesthesia Techniques 15. Daycare Anesthesia 16. Anesthesia for the Elderly 17. Intravenous Access and Fluid Therapy 18. Blood and Blood Product Transfusion 19. Pain Pathways and Chronic Pain 20. Patient Safety in Operation Theatre 21. Resuscitation 22. Medicolegal Aspects and Investigation of Anesthetic Death 23. Career in Anesthesiology 24. Ethics in Clinical Anesthesiology

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Book SynopsisThe new edition of this four-volume set is a guide to the complete field of diagnostic radiology. Comprising more than 4000 pages, the third edition has been fully revised and many new topics added, providing clinicians with the latest advances in the field, across four, rather than three, volumes. Volume 1 covers genitourinary imaging and advances in imaging technology. Volume 2 covers paediatric imaging and gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary imaging. Volume 3 covers chest and cardiovascular imaging and musculoskeletal and breast imaging. Volume 4 covers neuroradiology including head and neck imaging. The comprehensive text is further enhanced by high quality figures, tables, flowcharts and photographs. Key points Fully revised, third edition of complete guide to diagnostic radiology Four-volume set spanning more than 4000 pages Highly illustrated with photographs, tables, flowcharts and figures Previous edition (9789352707041) published in 2019 Table of Contents Section 1: Genitourinary Imaging Section 2: Advances in Imaging Technology Section 3: Pediatric Imaging Section 4: Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Imaging Section 5: Chest and Cardiovascular Imaging Section 6: Musculoskeletal and Breast Imaging Section 7: Neuroradiology Including Head and Neck Imaging

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Book SynopsisThe Oxford American Handbook of Clinical Medicine Second Edition provides portable and rapid guidance when assessing symptoms and medical conditions presenting in patients.Table of ContentsPreface ; Acknowledgments ; List of contributors ; Symbols and abbreviations ; 1 Thinking about medicine ; 2 Epidemiology ; 3 Clinical skills ; 4 Symptoms and signs ; 5 Cardiovascular medicine ; 6 Pulmonary medicine ; 7 Gastroenterology ; 8 Renal medicine ; 9 Endocrinology ; 10 Neurology ; 11 Rheumatology and musculoskeletal conditions ; 12 Oncology ; 13 Surgery ; 14 Infectious diseases (ID) ; 15 Hematology ; 16 Geriatric medicine ; 17 Biochemistry ; 18 Radiology ; 19 Practical procedures ; 20 Emergency Medicine ; Index 746

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Book SynopsisA study of the first attempts to understand how radiation affected the survivors of the atomic bomb and subsequent generations of Japanese, this book argues that Cold War politics and cultural values shaped this research. Using varied sources, it examines how US science was socially constructed.

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Book SynopsisAn investigation into the unintended cultural and psychological consequences of our fight against terrorism.Trade ReviewVery few people are able to synthesize the disciplines of anthropology, mental health, cultural studies, political theory, religious studies, bioethics, and forensics in the way Neil Krishan Aggarwal does in this book. He offers a balanced and insightful account of the challenges of forensic psychiatry in assessing and managing terrorism suspects. -- Hamada Hamid, Yale University Using concrete clinical cases to anchor sophisticated and thought-provoking analysis, Aggarwal demonstrates that not only ethics but also the very nature of clinical knowledge and practice are at issue in the use, and especially misuse, of mental-health categories in the War on Terror. His book brings a new level of critical self-reflection to the psychology of terrorism. -- James W. Jones, author of Blood That Cries Out from the Earth: The Psychology of Religious Terrorism An indispensable and astute account of the insidious cultural manifestations emerging from the justifying framework that is the War on Terror. In light of the increasingly intolerable actions permissible through deference to notions of national security, Aggarwal's review of bioethics is crucial to understanding the evolution, through politicization, of approaches to mental health. Aggarwal's review of orientalist positions within psychotherapy literature, which underpin this creeping securitization of mental health, reinforces the impact of culturally laden views on Islam and Muslims. An essential read. -- Orla Lynch, Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence, University of St Andrews Aggarwal has written a theoretically sophisticated, multisided exploration of how the War on Terror and mental health are powerfully connected through the 'culture' of psychiatry, psychoanalysis, hospitals, courts, the military, and Islam. His argument is that science, religion, and moral experience are not just infiltrated with cultural meanings but come to create new cultural forms such as 'trauma,' forensic processes, and 'terrorism,' which in turn remake the world. An important achievement. -- Arthur Kleinman, Harvard University A clear and impassioned discussion of the presence of psychiatrists and mental-health knowledge practices in the micro-functioning of the War on Terror and the impact of each on the other. The book is a compelling portrayal of the way that medicine and its scientific languages and knowledge structures are able to move through and across political domains, being put to use to challenge and undo the very power structures they are meant to serve. Engaging, rigorous, and beautifully written. -- Sarah Pinto, Tufts University In this impressive and provocative volume, Aggarwal reveals many hidden failings of dominant social and political thought on radicalization and terrorism. Bioethics, arabic science, and symptoms in Guantanamo detainees are all debated to present an alternative, rounded, and compelling approach that includes medicine and cultural psychiatry as essential actors. -- Kamaldeep Bhui, Queen Mary University of London The questions it poses are valuable, difficult, and without easy answers - for clinicians, military leaders, or even civilians, all of whom must live with a medical culture deeply marked by the war on terror. Publishers Weekly Should be required reading for psychiatrists and mental health professionals interested in the psychology of Islamist terrorism... It is an exemplar of the manner in which the lens of transcultural psychiatry can clarify our perspective... Psychiatric ServicesTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments 1. Mental Health, Culture, and Power in the War on Terror 2. Bioethics and the Conduct of Mental Health Professionals in the War on Terror 3. The Meanings of Symptoms and Services for Guantanamo Detainees 4. Depictions of Arabs and Muslims in Psychodynamic Scholarship 5. Depictions of Suicide Bombers in the Mental Health Scholarship 6. Knowledge and Practice in War on Terror Deradicalization Programs Epilogue Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisThe Carriers investigates a common but still little-known genetic condition and its life-altering consequences. Anne Skomorowsky reveals how fragile X syndrome afflicts families across generations, telling the stories of the mothers and grandparents of fragile X patients and considering how genes interact with family dynamics.Trade ReviewThe Carriers offers a lucid and insightful look at the many consequences of an expansion-type mutation of the fragile X gene. A remarkable quality of this book is the way Anne Skomorowsky emphasizes the humanity of those experiencing its consequences, because of the gene itself and the lack of understanding on the part of caregivers. A must-read for both clinicians and families. -- Paul J. Hagerman, distinguished professor, UC Davis Mind InstituteThis is the book I wish I’d had when my bloodwork came back mid-pregnancy, and the book I’m glad my daughter will have. I’m grateful that Skomorowsky, a gifted writer and practitioner, has woven together narrative and research to help us see and understand what is invisible and unknown to so many of us. -- Lauren Sandler, author of This Is All I Got and One and OnlyWho would have thought that the carrier state of a genetic mutation—fragile X syndrome—would warrant a book? With great insight and kindness, Anne Skomorowsky tells the fascinating story of a group of people who may appear unaffected but struggle mightily with a remarkable number of inherited medical conditions. -- Barron H. Lerner, author of The Good Doctor: A Father, A Son and the Evolution of Medical EthicsWonderfully reported and written in close-up about people and their families, their tears, and medical challenges, The Carriers is the rarest book in science, a beautifully readable investigation made from a set of portraits. Like a biography of a genetic mutation, it tells the story of fragile X syndrome through people it most affects. The result is both personal and rigorous, particular and general, science that examines things, but also feels them. -- Edward Ball, author of The Genetic Strand and Slaves in the FamilyLucid, comprehensive history of Fragile X. A compassionate medical account. Blending stories and interviews with science and statistics, The Carriers balances the worldwide scope of a disease with intimate details. * Foreword Reviews *Exceptionally well written, organized and presented. . . . Essential reading for fragile X families, including those just learning they are carriers, and for all professional and non-specialist general readers with an interested in the complexities of heredity, the ethical dilemmas of genetic medicine, and the relationship between genes and personality. * Midwest Book Review *Skomorowsky deftly interweaves science and narrative. The heroic efforts of astute researchers … read like a fast-paced detective story and have ramifications beyond medicine. [An] enlightening account. * Science Magazine *Exceptionally well written, organized and presented, and enhanced with an especially informative Foreword by pediatric professor and Fragile X researcher Randy J. Hagerman. Essential reading for Fragile X families, including those just learning they are carriers, and for all professional and non-specialist general readers with an interest in the complexities of heredity, the ethical dilemmas of genetic medicine, and the relationship between genes and personality. * Midwest Book Review *Skomorowsky’s clear, frank, and compelling writing, [ensures] that this book is appealing and accessible to all audiences. In addition, she brings the vantage point of a psychiatrist who has firsthand experience working with those with intellectual disabilities. As such, she presents complex and comprehensive scientific information about fragile X and the premutation in a simple and engaging manner. The book is well researched, captivating, and an important contribution to better understanding our relationship with genes. * H-Net Humanities and Social Sciences Online *Table of ContentsForeword, by Randi Hagerman, MDIntroduction: The Carriers1. One Damn Thing After Another2. Fragile X Mutations: An Overview3. Village of Fools: How Carriers Brought Fragile X to Colombia, and What Happened Next4. A Classic Zebra: Fragile X-Associated Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (FXPOI)5. The Movement Disorder That Started a Movement: Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS)6. Once More, with Feelings: Fragile X-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (FXAND)7. What Are Fragile Eggs? To Test or Not to Test8. Borderlands of the Premutation: Gray Zones, Low-Normals, and Endophenotypes9. OutcomesNotesAcknowledgmentsIndex

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Book SynopsisConvinced that he had uncovered the single source of psychosis, Henry Cotton, superintendent of the Trenton State Hospital, New Jersey, launched a ruthless campaign to 'eliminate the perils of pus infection'. This book reconstructs a nightmarish, cautionary chapter in modern psychiatry when professionals failed to police themselves.Trade Review"'Scull writes an exemplary narrative - reminding us that today's respected clinician can still easily become tomorrow's mad scientist.' Michael Moorcock, Daily Telegraph 'Madhouse is fascinating. Scull's detection is impressive; it extends over years.' Hugh Freeman, Times Literary Supplement 'A brilliant piece of medical scholarship...' The Irish Times"

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Book SynopsisSevere Dementia is a clinical text giving clear guidance on the management of all forms of severe dementia. It covers diagnosis, reviews all therapeutic interventions and includes chapters on the ethical, legal and social aspects of care of these patients.Trade Review"This is an excellent book for those interested in the care of patients with sever dementia." (Doody's Health Services)Table of ContentsList of contributors. Introduction. PART 1: INTRODUCTORY. Chapter 1: Assessment and Diagnosis of Severe Dementia (Paul Newhouse and Joseph Lasek). Chapter 2: Neurochemistry of Severe Dementia (Sally I. Sharp, Paul T. Francis and Clive G. Ballard). Chapter 3: The Molecular Pathology of Severe Dementia (Clive Holmes). PART 2: CLINICAL FEATURES OF SEVERE DEMENTIA. Chapter 4: Cognitive Functions in Severe Dementia (Judith Saxton and François Boller). Chapter 5: Behavioural and Psychological Symptons of Dementia – Agitation (E. Jane Byrne and Deborah Collins). Chapter 6: Depression in Severe Dementia (Kate Bielinski and Brian Lawlor). Chapter 7: Physical Aspects of Severe Alzheimer’s Disease (Bruno Vellas). Chapter 8: Clinical Features of Severe Dementia: Staging (Barry Reisberg, Jerzy Wegiel, Emile Franssen, Sridhar Kadiyala, Stefanie Auer, Liduïn Souren, Marwan Sabbagh and James Golomb). Chapter 9: Clinical Features of Severe Dementia: Function (Serge Gauthier). PART 3: MANAGEMENT. Chapter 10: Drug Treatment: Memantine (Anton P. Porsteinsson and Pierre N. Tariot). Chapter 11: Drug Treatment: Cholinesterase Inhibitors (Michael Woodward and Howard Feldman). Chapter 12: Drug Treatment: Treatment of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia with Neuroleptics (Peter Paul De Deyn). Chapter 13: Non-pharmacological Treatment of Severe Dementia: An Overview (Ross Overshott and Alistair Burns). Chapter 14: Non-pharmacological Treatment of Severe Dementia: the Seattle Protocols (Rebecca G. Logsdon, Linda Teri and Sue M. McCurry). Chapter 15: Care by Families for Late Stage Dementia (Steven H. Zarit and Joseph E. Gaugler). Chapter 16: Person-centred Care for People with Severe Dementia (Murna Downs, Neil Small and Katherine Froggatt). Chapter 17: Palliative Care in Patients with Severe Dementia (Raymond Koopmans, H. Roeline W. Pasman and Jenny T. van der Steen). Chapter 18: Narrative Ethics and Ethical Narratives in Dementia (Clive Baldwin). Chapter 19: Health Economics of Severe Dementia (Anders Wimo and Bengt Winblad). Index.

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Book SynopsisBe Guided by the Evidence. Somatoform disorders are more common than many clinicians realize and are often underdiagnosed and poorly managed. This practical guide provides a comprehensive overview of all somatoform disorders.Trade Review"…an informative and comprehensive new book on a group of common but difficult disorders. The book should be read by all clinicians. I highly recommend it." (Doody's Health Services)Table of ContentsList of Reveiw Contributors. Preface. CHAPTER 1. SOMATIZATION AND CONVERSON DISORDERS. Somatization and Conversion Disorders: A Reveiw (Harold Merskey and Francois Mai). COMMENTARIES. 1.1 From Hysteria to Somatization Francis Creed. 1.2 Somatoform and Conversion Disorders or Somatic Presentations of Mental Disorders (Javier J. Escobar). 1.3 Are Somatoform Disorders a Distinct Category? (Gregory E. Simon). 1.4 Somatoform Disorders: Deconstructing a Diagnosis (Oye Gureje). 1.5 The Psychbiology of Somatization and Conversion Disorders (C. Robert Cloninger and Mehmet Dokucu). 1.6 Patient or Process (Linda Gask). 1.7 Reading the Body (Leslie Swartz). 1.8 Somatization and Conversion Disorders: A Forgotten Public Health Agenda (Shekhar Saxena). 1.9 A Cognitive Account on Conversion and Somatization Disorders (Karin Roelofs). 1.10 Labelling the Unfathomable (Bart Sheehan). 1.11 Somatization and Conversion: An Ongoing Controversy (Carsten Spitzer and Hans Jorgen Grabe). 1.12 The Mind-Body Dualism and Conversion Disorders (Carlo Faravelli and Massimo Lai). 1.13 Concepts of Medically Unexplained Symptoms in Relation to Mind-Body Dualism (Athula Sumathipala). 1.14 A Challenge for Both Clinicians and Researchers (Antonio Lobo). 1.15 Somatization Disorders in the African Context (Frank G. Njenga, Anna N. Nguithi and Rachel Kang'ethe). 1.16 Somatization and Conversion Disorders: An Arab Perspective 9Tarek A. Okasha). 1.17 Much Theory, but Little Agreement (Alberto Perales and Hector Chue). CHAPTER 2. PAIN DISORDER. Pain Disorder: A Reveiw (Steven A. King). COMMENTARIES. 2.1 The Major Paradigm Shift from the Biomedical Reductionist to the Biopsychosocial Approach to the Assessment and Treatment of Pain (Robert J. Gatchel). 2.2 DSM and Pain: When (if ever) is Pain Truely a Psychiatric Disorder? (Robert Boland). 2.3 Pain Disorder or Just Pain: Can We Escape Dualism? (Robert G. Large and Tipu Aamir). 2.4 The Mind-Body Ditchotomy in the Modern World (Hans Jorgen Grabe and Cartsen Spitzer). 2.5 Chronic Pain: Towards a Biopsychosocial Perspective (Michael Bach and Martin Aigner). 2.6 Pain Disorder: Where's the Utility? (Lance M. McCracken). 2.7 Patients must be at the Centre of Pain Management (Joanna M.Zakrzewska). 2.8 Chronic Pain: the Importance of a Comprehensive History (Gerald M. Aronoff). 2.9 Psychological and Physiological Factors in Pain Disorder (Morten Birket-Smith). 2.10 Does the Somatoform Disorder Approach Broaden Our Perspective on Pain? (Wolfgang Hiller and Paul Nilges). 2.11 Diagnosis and Treatment of Pain: Consultation-Liason Psychiatry Aspects (Albert Diefenbache)r. 2.12 Pain: Suffering, Semantics, and Sensitization (Jeffrey Rome). 2.13 Subjectivity and Communitas: Further Considerations on Pain (Etzel Cardena). 2.14 The Relationship Between Pain and Anxiety Disorders (Antonio Bulbena, Carlos Garcia Ribera and Lili Sperry). 2.15 Gaps in Evidence Base of Pain Disorders (Santosh K. Chaturvedi). 2.16 Pain in Genral Practice (Manual Suarez Richards and Gustavo Alfredo Delucchi). CHAPTER 3. HYPOCHONDRIASIS. Hypochondriasis: A Reveiw (Russell Noyes Jr). COMMENTARIES. 3.1 Hypochondriasis: Future Directions in Classification and Etiology Research (Steven Taylor and Gordon J.G. Asmundson). 3.2 Making Sense of Hypochondriasis (Jonathan S. Abramowitz). 3.3 Hypochndriasis: An Endless Source of Controversies (Vladan Starcevic). 3.4 Hypochondriasis: Defining Boundaries, Exploring Risk Factors and Immunology (Eamonn Ferguson). 3.5 Hypochondriasis, Health Anxiety, and Cognitive-Behavoural Therapy (Patricia Furer and John R. Walker). 3.6 Progress with Hypochondriasis (Theo K. Bouman). 3.7 The Clinical Spectrum of Hypochondriacal Fears (Giovanni A. Fava and Stefania Fabbri). 3.8 A Nosological Nightmare (Geoffrey G. Lloyd). 3.9 Hypochondriacal Syndromes: Where Did They Go? (Driss Mousaoui). 3.10 Dimensional Versus Categorical Approach to Obsessions, Delusions, and Hypochondriasis (Joseph Zohar). 3.11 The Nosographic Complexity of Hypochondriasis and the Ambiguilty of the Bpdy (Hector Perez-Rincon). 3.12 Hypochondriasis: Is There a Promising Treatment? (Tewfik K. Daradkeh). CHAPTER 4. BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER. Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Reveiw (Guilio Perugi and Franco Frare). COMMENTARIES. 4.1 The Complexity of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (Vilma Gabbay and Rachel G. Klein). 4.2 Preoccupation with Appearance: Limitations of Our Understanding and Treatment (Jon E. Grant). 4.3 Translational and Evolutional Models of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (Dan J. Stein). 4.4 Our Evolving Understanding of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (Nancy J. Keuthen and Antje Bohne). 4.5 Is Body Dysmorphic Disorder a Culturally Determined Expression of a Body Image Disorder? (David H. Gleaves and Suman Ambwani). 4.6 Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Awareness Needed (Don E. Jeffreys). 4.7 Recent Findings in Body Dysmorphic Disoder and Future Drections (Sabine Wilhelm and Ulrike Buhlmann). 4.8 Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Some Issues Conserning Classification and Treatment (Fugen Neziroglu). 4.9 Body Dysmorphic Disorder: The Antithesis of Narcissus (Andrew A. Nierenberg). 4.10 Playing the Devil's avocate: Is The Concept of Delusional Disorder, Somatic Type, Condemned to Extiction? (Leonardo F. Fontenelle, Mauro V. Mendlowicz and Marcio Versiani). 4.11 Advancing the Understanding of Dysmorphic Disorder (Eric Hollander and Bernardo Dell'Osso). 4.12 Is Body Dysmorphic Disorder More Than a DSM Construct? (Michel Botbol). 4.13 Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: More Simularities than Differences (Euripedes C. Miguel, Albina R. Torres and Ygor A. Ferrao). CHAPTER 5. CHRONIC FATIGUE AND NEURASTHENIA. Chronic Fatigue and Neurasthenia: A Reveiw (Michael C. Sharpe and Simon Wessely). COMMENTARIES. 5.1 From Neurasthenia to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Journey, Not a Destination (Kurt Kroenke). 5.2 Tired People Challenge Medicine (Stefan Priebe). 5.3 Disease, Sickness or Illness: Which One Is Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and / or Neurasthenia? (Bedirhan Ustun). 5.4 Constructing Chronic Fatigue: Empiricism, Pyschiatry, and Sociocultural Contexts (Renee R. Taylor). 5.5 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome as a Paradigm for Pyschosomatic Medicine (James L. Levenson). 5.6 Beyond Fashion (Gordon Parker). 5.7 Chronic Fatigue and Disembodied DSM (Sing Lee and Arthur Kleinman). 5.8 Problems of Definition, Etiological Approaches and Issues of Management in Chronic Fatiguing Disorders (Anne Farmer and Tom Fowler). 5.9 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Time to Concentrate on Fatigue, Not Chronicity (Petros Skapinakis and Venetsanos Mavreas). 5.10 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Real Disease, A Real Problem (Jonathan R. Price). 5.11 The Specificity of Chronic Fatigue, Neurasthenia, and Somatoform Disorders (Winfried Reif). 5.12 Chronic Fatigue in Developing Countries (Vikram Patel). 5.13 Functional Somatic Syndromes: Many Names for the Same Thing? (Marco Antonio Brasil, Jose Carlos Appolinario and Sandra Fortes). 5.14 Recent Developments in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Ruud C.W. Vermeulen). 5.15 Does Nuerasthenia Really Exist in this Century? (Edmond Chiu). CHAPTER 6. FACTITIOUS PHYSICAL DISORDERS. Factitious Physical Disorders: A Reveiw (Stuart J. Eisendrath and John Q. Young). COMMENTARIES. 6.1 Wilful Deception as Illness Behavour (Christopher Bass). 6.2 Factitious Disorders: Diagnosis or Misbehavour/ (Charles V. Ford). 6.3 Factitious Disorder and Malingering: The Doctors Dilemma (Stephen M. Lawrie and Michael C. Sharpe). 6.4 Factitious Physical Disorders: The Challenges of Efficient Recognition and Effective Intervention (Lois E. Krahn). 6.5 Some Aspects of Factitious Physical Disorders by Proxy (Christopher Cordes). 6.6 Inventing Illness: The Deviant POatient (Don R. Lipsitt). 6.7 Characterizing Factitious Physical Symptoms (David G. Folks). 6.8 Moral Constraints, Regret, and Remorse in Treating Patients with Factitious Disorder (Ovidio A. De Leon). 6.9 Fact, Fiction, Factitious, or Fractious Disorders (Dinesh Bhugra). 6.10 Factitious Physical Disorders: A Strategy of Survival for Medically Trained Traumatized Borderlines? (Ramon Florenzano). 6.11 Factitious Physical Disorders and Malingering: The Hazardous Link (Saida Douki, Sara Benzineb and Fathy Nacef). Index.

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Book SynopsisThe biomaterials technology industry is already well established in the western world and is growing rapidly within Asian Pacific nations. It is often described as the 'next electronics industry', whilst the laser is described as a 'solution looking for a problem'.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements. Introduction. 1. Bioactivity and Biointegration of Orthopaedic and Dental Implants. 1.1. Introduction. 1.3. Biointegration of Orthopaedic and Dental Implants. 1.4. Controlling the Bone-Implant Interface. 2. Surface Modification of Biomaterials. 2.1. Introduction. 2.3. Metallic Implants. 2.4. Surface Modification of Biomaterials. 2.5. Laser Surface Modification of Biomaterials. 3. Wettability in Biomaterials Science and Modification Techniques. 3.1. Introduction. 3.2. Wettability, Adhesion and Bonding Theoretical Background. 3.3. Wettability in Biomaterial Science. 3.4. Current Methods of Wettability Modification. 3.5. Laser Wettability Characteristics Modification. 4. CO2 Laser Modification of the Wettability Characteristics of Magnesia Partially Stabilised Zirconia. 4.1. Introduction. 4.2. Experimental Procedures. 4.3. The Effects of CO2 Laser Radiation on Wettability Characteristics. 4.4. Surface Energy and its Component Parts. 4.5. Identification of the Predominant Mechanisms Active in Determining Wettability Characteristics. 4.6. The Role Played by Microstructures in Terms of Crystal Size and Phase in Effecting Surface Energy Changes. 4.7. Investigation of Wettability and Work Adhesion Using Physiological Liquids. 4.8. Summary. 5. In vitro Biocompatibility Evaluation of CO2 Laser Treated Magnesia Partially Stabilised Zirconia. 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. Sample Preparation. 5.3. Bone Like Apatite Formation. 5.4. Protein Adsorption. 5.5. Osteoblast Cell Response. 5.6. Predictions for Implantation in an in vivo Clinical Situation. 5.7. Summary. 6. The Effects of CO2 Laser Radiation on the Wettability Characteristics of a Titanium Alloy. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Experimental Procedures. 6.3. The Effects of CO2 Laser Radiation on Wettability Characteristics. 6.4. Surface Energy and its Component Analysis. 6.5. Identification of the Predominant Mechanisms Active in Determining Wettability Characteristics. 6.6. Investigation of Wettability and Work Adhesion Using Physiological Liquids. 6.7. Summary. 7. In vitro Biocompatibility Evaluation of CO2 Laser Treated Titanium Alloy. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Sample Preparation. 7.3. Bone Like Apatite Formation on Titanium Alloys. 7.4. Protein Adsorption. 7.5. Osteoblast Cell Adhesion. 7.6. Predictions for Implantation in an in vivo Clinical Situation. 7.7. Summary. 8. Enquiry into the Possible Generic Effects of the CO2 Laser Treatment on Bone Implant Biomaterials. 8.1. Introduction. 8.2. Ascertaining the Generic Effects of CO2 Laser Treatment on Bioinert Ceramics. 8.3. Ascertaining the Generic Effects of CO2 Laser Treatment on Metal Implants. 8.4. Summary. Conclusions. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book covers a range of applications where advanced manufacturing technology can be applied to medical procedures. Early chapters look at the reverse engineering process, where patient data is converted into a machine-readable format to allow users to create system solutions to medical problems.Table of ContentsContributors xi 1 Rapid Prototyping for Medical Applications 1Ian Gibson 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Workshop on Medical Applications for Reverse Engineering and Rapid Prototyping 2 1.3 Purpose of This Chapter (Overview) 31.4 Background on Rapid Prototyping 3 1.5 Stereolithography and Other Resin-type Systems 6 1.6 Fused Deposition Modelling and Selective Laser Sintering 7 1.7 Droplet/Binder Systems 9 1.8 Related Technology: Microsystems and Direct Metal Systems 10 1.9 File Preparation 11 1.10 Relationship with Other Technologies 12 1.11 Disadvantages with RP for Medical Applications 13 1.12 Summary 14 Bibliography 14 2 Role of Rapid Digital Manufacture in Planning and Implementation of Complex Medical Treatments 15Andrew M. Christensen and Stephen M. Humphries 2.1 Introduction 16 2.2 Primer on Medical Imaging 16 2.3 Surgical Planning 18 2.3.1 Virtual planning 18 2.3.2 Implementation of the plan 20 2.4 RDM in Medicine 22 2.4.1 RP-generated anatomical models 22 2.4.2 Custom treatment devices with ADM 26 2.5 The Future 28 2.6 Conclusion 29 References 29 3 Biomodelling 31P. D’Urso 3.1 Introduction 31 3.2 Surgical Applications of Real Virtuality 32 3.2.1 Cranio-maxillofacial biomodelling 33 3.2.1.1 Integration of biomodels with dental castings 34 3.2.1.2 Use of biomodels to shape maxillofacial implants 35 3.2.1.3 Use of biomodels to prefabricate templates and splints 35 3.2.1.4 Use of biomodels in restorative prosthetics 36 3.2.2 Use of real virtuality in customized cranio-maxillofacial prosthetics 36 3.2.2.1 Computer mirroring techniques for the generation of prostheses 38 3.2.2.2 Results of implantation 39 3.2.2.3 Advantages of prefabricated customized cranioplastic implants 39 3.2.3 Biomodel-guided stereotaxy 39 3.2.3.1 Development of stereotaxy 40 3.2.3.2 Development of biomodel-guided stereotactic surgery 40 3.2.3.3 Biomodel-guided stereotactic surgery with a template and markers 41 3.2.3.4 Biomodel-guided stereotactic surgery using the D’Urso frame 42 3.2.3.5 Utility of biomodel-guided stereotactic surgery 43 3.2.4 Vascular biomodelling 44 3.2.4.1 Biomodelling from CTA 44 3.2.4.2 Biomodelling from MRA 45 3.2.4.3 Clinical applications of vascular biomodels 45 3.2.4.4 Vascular biomodelling: technical note 46 3.2.5 Skull-base tumour surgery 46 3.2.6 Spinal surgery 48 3.2.6.1 Spinal biomodel stereotaxy 48 3.2.6.2 Technical considerations in spinal biomodelling 50 3.2.7 Orthopaedic biomodelling 50 3.3 Case Studies 51 References 55 4 Three-dimensional Data Capture and Processing 59W. Feng, Y. F. Zhang, Y. F. Wu and Y. S. Wong 4.1 Introduction 60 4.2 3D Medical Scan Process 61 4.2.1 3D scanning 61 4.2.1.1 Computed tomography imaging and its applications 61 4.2.1.2 Magnetic resonance imaging and its applications 63 4.2.1.3 Ultrasound imaging and its applications 64 4.2.1.4 3D laser scanning 65 4.2.2 3D reconstruction 65 4.3 RE and RP in Medical Application 67 4.3.1 Proposed method for RP model construction from scanned data 68 4.3.2 Reconstruction software 69 4.3.3 Accuracy issues 70 4.4 Applications of Medical Imaging 71 4.5 Case Study 72 4.5.1 Case study with CT/MR scanned data 72 4.5.2 Case studies for RE and RP 74 4.6 Conclusions 76 References 76 Bibliography 76 5 Software for Medical Data Transfer 79Ellen Dhoore 5.1 Introduction 79 5.2 Medical Imaging: from Medical Scanner to 3D Model 79 5.2.1 Introduction 79 5.2.2 Mimics® 80 5.2.2.1 Basic functionality of Mimics 80 5.2.2.2 Additional modules in Mimics 82 5.3 Computer Approach in Dental Implantology 92 5.3.1 Introduction 92 5.3.2 Virtual 3D planning environment: SimPlant® 92 5.3.3 Guide to accurate implant treatment: SurgiGuide® 93 5.3.3.1 General concept of SurgiGuide® 93 5.3.3.2 Different types of SurgiGuide® 94 5.3.3.3 Immediate SmileTM: temporary prosthesis for truly ‘immediate’ loading 100 5.4 Conclusions 102 Bibliography 103 6 BioBuild Software 105Robert Thompson, Dr Gian Lorenzetto and Dr Paul D'Urso 6.1 Introduction 105 6.2 BioBuild Paradigm 109 6.2.1 Importing a dataset 110 6.2.2 Volume reduction 112 6.2.3 Anatomical orientation confirmation 112 6.2.4 Volume inspection and intensity thresholding 112 6.2.4.1 Intensity thresholding 113 6.2.4.2 Display options 114 6.2.5 Volume editing 114 6.2.5.1 Connectivity options 115 6.2.5.2 Volume morphology 115 6.2.5.3 Region morphology 116 6.2.5.4 Volume algebra 116 6.2.5.5 Labels 117 6.2.5.6 Volume transformations 117 6.2.6 Image processing 118 6.2.7 Build orientation optimization 118 6.2.8 3D visualization 119 6.2.9 RP file generation 119 6.3 Future Enhancements 120 6.3.1 Direct volume rendering (DVR) 120 6.4 Conclusion 121 References 121 7 Generalized Artificial Finger Joint Design Process Employing Reverse Engineering 123I. Gibson and X. P. Wang 7.1 Introduction 123 7.1.1 Structure of a human finger joint 123 7.1.2 Rheumatoid arthritis disease 123 7.1.3 Finger joint replacement design 124 7.1.4 Requirements for new finger joint design 125 7.1.5 Research objectives 126 7.2 Supporting Literature 127 7.2.1 Previous prosthetic designs 127 7.2.2 More recent designs 128 7.2.3 Development of a new design 128 7.2.4 Need for a generalized finger joint prosthesis 129 7.3 Technological Supports for the Prosthesis Design 130 7.3.1 Reverse engineering 130 7.3.2 Comparison of different imaging techniques 131 7.3.3 Engineering and medical aspects 131 7.3.4 NURBS design theory 131 7.4 Proposed Methodology 132 7.4.1 Finger joint model preparation 132 7.4.2 Finger joint digitization 133 7.4.3 Surface reconstruction in paraform 135 7.4.4 Curve feature extraction 135 7.4.5 Database construction and surface generalization 135 7.4.6 Review of the procedure 136 7.5 Finger Joint Surface Modelling and Feature Extraction 136 7.5.1 Data acquisition of the bone samples 136 7.5.2 Finger joint surface reconstruction 137 7.5.3 NURBS curve and feature extraction 138 7.5.3.1 NURBS curve extraction from the PP head 138 7.5.3.2 NURBS curve feature extraction from the PP and MP base 141 7.5.3.3 Discussion on curve feature extraction 142 7.5.4 Automatic surface reconstruction and feature extraction 143 7.5.4.1 Automated identification of the bearing surface 143 7.5.4.2 Automated feature extraction 143 7.6 Database Construction and Surface Generalization 145 7.6.1 Finger joint database construction 145 7.6.1.1 Statistical dimension analysis 145 7.6.1.2 PP head geometrical features 150 7.6.2 Generalized finger joint surface reconstruction 155 7.7 Conclusions 159 Acknowledgements 161 References 161 8 Scaffold-based Tissue Engineering – Design and Fabrication of Matrices Using Solid Freeform Fabrication Techniques 163Dietmar W. Hutmacher 8.1 Background 164 8.2 Introduction 167 8.3 Systems Based on Laser and UV Light Sources 167 8.3.1 Stereolithography apparatus (SLA) 167 8.3.2 Selective laser sintering (SLS) 170 8.3.3 Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) 171 8.3.4 Solid ground curing (SGC) 171 8.4 Systems Based on Printing Technology 172 8.4.1 Three-dimensional printing (3DP) 172 8.5 Systems Based on Extrusion/Direct Writing 176 8.6 Indirect SFF 180 8.7 Robotic and Mechatronically Controlled Systems 182 8.8 Conclusions 185 References 186 9 Direct Fabrication of Custom Orthopedic Implants Using Electron Beam Melting Technology 191Ola L. A. Harrysson and Denis R. Cormier 9.1 Introduction 191 9.2 Literature Review 192 9.2.1 Custom joint replacement implants 192 9.2.2 Custom bone plates and implants 196 9.3 Electron Beam Melting Technology 199 9.4 Direct Fabrication of Titanium Orthopedic Implants 201 9.4.1 EBM fabrication of custom knee implants 201 9.4.2 EBM fabrication of custom bone plates 202 9.4.3 Direct fabrication of bone ingrowth surfaces 203 9.5 Summary and Conclusions 204 References 205 10 Modelling, Analysis and Fabrication of Below-knee Prosthetic Sockets Using Rapid Prototyping 207J. Y. H. Fuh, W. Feng and Y. S. Wong 10.1 Introduction 208 10.1.1 Process of making the below-knee artificial prosthesis 208 10.1.1.1 Shaping of the positive mould 208 10.1.1.2 Fabrication of the prosthesis 209 10.1.2 Modelling, analysis and fabrication 210 10.2 Computer-Facilitated Approach 211 10.2.1 CAD modelling 211 10.2.2 Finite element analysis (FEA) 213 10.2.2.1 Geometries 213 10.2.2.2 Boundary conditions 213 10.2.2.3 Loading conditions 213 10.2.2.4 Analysis 214 10.3 Experiments 215 10.4 Results and Discussions 216 10.5 Rapid Socket Manufacturing Machine (RSMM) 219 10.5.1 RSMM design considerations 220 10.5.1.1 File format 220 10.5.1.2 Nozzle 220 10.5.1.3 System accuracy 221 10.5.2 Overview of the RSMM 221 10.5.3 Clinical test 223 10.5.4 Future work 224 10.6 Conclusions 225 Acknowledgements 225 References 225 Bibliography 226 11 Future Development of Medical Applications for Advanced Manufacturing Technology 227Ian Gibson 11.1 Introduction 227 11.2 Scanning Technology 228 11.3 RP Technology 229 11.4 Direct Manufacture 230 11.5 Tissue Engineering 231 11.6 Business 232 Index 233

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Book SynopsisThis book critically analyses and reviews the development of language in direct relation to social disadvantage in the early years and beyond. Definitions and descriptions of social disadvantage are addressed and the wider aspects discussed.Trade Review"…a book for all teachers and parents." (The Guardian, December 2006) Table of ContentsList of contributors. Introduction. PART I. Chapter 1 Language and social disadvantage: the effects of socio-economic status on children’s language acquisition and use (Jane Ginsborg). Chapter 2 The interplay between language and cognition in typical and atypical development (Nicola Botting). Chapter 3 Literacy and numeracy (Ivy Doherty and Jenny Landells). Chapter 4 Childhood speech and language difficulties and later life chances (Judy Clegg). Chapter 5 Language and the development of social and emotional understanding (Marion Farmer). Chapter 6 Language, behaviour and social disadvantage (Helen Stringer and Judy Clegg). Chapter 7 Language and communication in young people with learning difficulties: stories of social disadvantage (Monica Bray). Chapter 8 The effects of intervention on the communication skills of socially disadvantaged children (James Law and Francis Harris). PART II: Research reports. Chapter 9 Interventions to promote language development in socially disadvantaged children – the devil may be in the detail (James Law). 9.1 Participation in Sure Start: lessons from language screening (Caroline Pickstone). 9.2 The ‘Teaching Children Talking’ project (Linda Hobbs). 9.3 The Talking Table (Marion Farmer and Fleur Griffiths). 9.4 Implementing effective oral language interventions in preschool settings: no simple solutions (Julie E. Dockrell, Morag Stuart and Diane King). 9.5 Working and learning together: an evaluation of a collaborative approach to intervention with student speech and language therapists and nursery staff (Jenny Leyden and Marcin Szczerbinkski). 9.6 Facilitating narrative and social skills in secondary school students with language and behaviour difficulties (Helen Stringer). 9.7 Enhancing language and communication in language impaired secondary school-aged children (Victoria Joffe). Afterword (Ann Locke). Index.

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Book SynopsisOffers a comprehensive overview of clinical, epidemiological, psychobiological, psychosocial and service organization aspects of disaster psychiatry. This title takes a practical approach and includes a series of reports on significant experiences made in this field in various regions of the world.Trade Review"…will inform mental health care providers and epidemiologists, as well as those that study and plan disaster response worldwide." (E-STREAMS, April 2006) "Highly recommended to all physicians who practice within the realm of psychological medicine…recommended to Health Science libraries as a general reference text…" (Electric Review, November/December 2005) "This timely book will help us maximize what we are summoned to bear when disaster inevitably strikes next." (New England Journal of Medicine, August 25, 2005) "This book offers an excellent source of research in the area…vital for those who prepare prevention and response to local and international crises." (Doody's Health Services)Table of ContentsList of contributors. Preface (Lopez-Ibor et al). 1. What is a Disaster? (Lopez-Ibor). 2. Psychological and Psychopathological Consequences of Disasters (Fullerton and Ursano). 3. Psychiatric Morbidity following Disasters: Epidemiology, Risk and Protective Factors (McFarlane). 4. Reevaluating the Link between Disasters and Psychopathology (Yehuda and Bierer). 5. Psychological Interventions for People Exposed to Disasters (Benyakar and Collazo). 6. Organization of Mental Health Services for Disaster Victims (Crocq et al). Mental Health Consequences of Disasters: Research Reports. 7. The Experience of the Kobe Earthquake (Shinfuku). 8. The Experience of the Marmara Earthquake (Gokalp). 9. The Experience of the Athens Earthquake (Christodoulou et al) 10. The Experience of the Nairobi US Embassy Bombing (Njeng and Nyamai). 11. The Experience of the New York September 11 Terroristic Attack (DeLisi et al). 12. The Experience of the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster (Havenaar and Bromet). 13. The Experience of the Bhopal Disaster (Murthy). 14. The Latin American and Caribbean Experience (Caldas de Ameida and Rodriguez). 15. The Israeli Experience (Shalev). 16. The Palestinian Experience (El Sarraj and Qouta). 17. The Experience of Bosnia-Herzegovina: Psychosocial Consequences of War Atrocities on Children (Husain). 18. The Serbian Experience (Lecic-Tosevski and Draganic-Gajic). 19. The Croatian Experience (Folnegovic Smalc).

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Book SynopsisQuantitative Research Methods for Health Professionals: A Practical Interactive Courseis a superb introduction to epidemiology, biostatistics, and research methodology for the whole health care community. Drawing examples from a wide range of health research, this practical handbook covers important contemporary health research methods such as survival analysis, Cox regression, and meta-analysis, the understanding of which go beyond introductory concepts. The book includes self-assessment exercises throughout to help students explore and reflect on their understanding and a clear distinction is made between a) knowledge and concepts that all students should ensure they understand and b) those that can be pursued by students who wish to do so. The authors incorporate a program of practical exercises in SPSS using a prepared data set that helps to consolidate the theory and develop skills and confidence in data handling, analysis and interpretation.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. 1. Philosophy of science and introduction to epidemiology. Introduction and learning objectives. 1.1 Approaches to scientific research. 1.2 Formulating a research question. 1.3 Rates: incidence and prevalence. 1.4 Concepts of prevention. 1.5 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 2. Routine data sources and descriptive epidemiology. Introduction and learning objectives. 2.1 Routine collection of health information. 2.2 Descriptive epidemiology. 2.3 Information on the environment. 2.4 Displaying, describing and presenting data. 2.5 Summary of routinely available data. 2.6 Descriptive epidemiology in action. 2.7 Overview of epidemiological study designs. 2.8 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 3. Standardisation. Introduction and learning objectives. 3.1 Health inequalities in Merseyside. 3.2 Indirect standardisation: calculation of the standardised mortality ratio (SMR). 3.3 Direct standardisation. 3.4 Standardisation for factors other than age. 3.5 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 4. Surveys. Introduction and learning objectives. 4.1 Purpose and context. 4.2 Sampling methods. 4.3 The sampling frame. 4.4 Sampling error, confidence intervals and sample size . 4.5 Response. 4.6 Measurement. 4.7 Data types and presentation. 4.8 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 5. Cohort studies. Introduction and learning objectives. 5.1 Why do a cohort study?. 5.2 Obtaining the sample. 5.3 Measurement. 5.4 Follow-up. 5.5 Basic presentation and analysis of results. 5.6 How large should a cohort study be?. 5.7 Confounding. 5.8 Simple linear regression. 5.9 Introduction to multiple linear regression. 5.10 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 6. Case-control studies. Introduction and learning objectives. 6.1 Why do a case-control study?. 6.2 Key elements of study design. 6.3 Basic unmatched and matched analysis. 6.4 Sample size for a case-control study. 6.5 Confounding and logistic regression. 6.6 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 7. Intervention studies. Introduction and learning objectives. 7.1 Why do an intervention study?. 7.2 Key elements of intervention study design. 7.3 The analysis of intervention studies. 7.4 Testing more complex interventions. 7.5 How big should the trial be?. 7.6 Further aspects of intervention study design and analysis. 7.7 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 8. Life tables, survival analysis and Cox regression. Introduction and learning objectives. 8.1 Survival analysis. 8.2 Cox regression. 8.3 Current life tables. 8.4 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 9. Systematic reviews and meta analysis. Introduction and learning objectives. 9.1 The why and how of systematic reviews. 9.2 The methodology of meta-analysis. 9.3 Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. 9.4 The Cochrane Collaboration. 9.5 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 10. Prevention strategies and evaluation of screening . Introduction and learning objectives. 10.1 Concepts of risk. 10.2 Strategies of prevention. 10.3 Evaluation of screening programmes. 10.4 Cohort and period effects. 10.5 Answers to self-assessment exercises. 11. Probability distributions, hypothesis testing and Bayesian methods. Introduction and learning objectives. 11.1 Probability distributions. 11.2 Data that do not ‘fit’ a probability distribution. 11.3 Hypothesis testing. 11.4 Choosing an appropriate hypothesis test. 11.5 Bayesian methods. 11.6 Answers to self-assessment exercises. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisPrescribing for elderly patients is complex and challenging for many reasons. Prescribing for Elderly Patients assists clinicians working with the elderly to make accurate diagnoses and safely prescribe the correct dose of the appropriate medication.Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgement. 1 Clinical Pharmacology of Ageing (Arduino Mangoni, Paul Jansen and Stephen Jackson). Epidemiology. Age-related changes in pharmacokinetics. Age-related changes in pharmacodynamics. Adverse drug reactions and drug interactions. Adherence. Polypharmacy versus appropriate prescribing. Over-the-counter medicines. Prescribing audit. Medication review. Undertreatment. References. 2 Dementia, Delirium, Agitation and Behavioural Problems (Catherine Bryant). Dementia. Delirium. Agitation and behavioural problems. References. 3 Depression in Elderly Patients (Richard Weeks, Ross Kalucy and Jo Hill). Introduction. Aetiology. Signs and symptoms. Diagnosis. Therapy. References. 4 Psychotic Illness in Elderly Patients (Ross Kalucy, Jo Hill and Richard Weeks). Introduction. Aetiology. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Therapy. Key points. References. 5 Sleep Disorders in the Elderly: the Pros and Cons of Prescribing (R. Doug McEvoy and Karin S. Nyfort-Hansen). Insomnia. Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements of sleep. Nocturnal leg cramps. REM behaviour disorder. References. 6 Stroke (Joseph A. Harbison and Gary A. Ford). Introduction. Aetiology. Modifiable risk factors for stroke. Therapy. Key points. References. 7 Orthostatic Hypotension, Postprandial Hypotension and Syncope in Older Patients (René W.M.M. Jansen). Orthostatic hypotension in older patients. Key points. Postprandial hypotension in older patients. Key points. Syncope in older patients. Key points. Guidelines. References. 8 Parkinson’s Disease (Gerrit Tissingh and Erik Ch. Wolters). Introduction. Symptoms and signs of PD. Aetiology and pathology. Diagnosis. Therapy. Key points. Links. References. 9 Epilepsy (John O. Willoughby, Joseph Frasca and Emma M. Whitham). Introduction. Aetiology. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Therapy. Newer anti-epileptic drugs. Safety of anti-epileptic drugs. Therapy scheme of the advised drugs. Clinically-important drug interactions within anti-epileptic drugs. Clinically-important drug interactions with other drugs. Important adverse effects. Drug withdrawal. Key points. References. 10 Hypertension (Sanjeev Khindri and Stephen Jackson). Introduction. Aetiology. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Investigation. Therapy. Clinical pharmacology of antihypertensive therapy. Key points. Links. References. 11 Lipid-Lowering in the Elderly Patient (Anthony S. Wierzbicki). Introduction. Aetiology. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Therapy. Statins. Fibrates. Nicotinic acid. Ezetimibe. Bile acid sequestrants. Omega-3 fatty acids. Guidelines. Key points. Links. References. 12 Acute Coronary Syndrome (Derek Yiu and Arduino Mangoni). Introduction. Aetiology. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Therapy. Therapy scheme of the advised drugs. Key points. Guidelines. Acknowledgements. References. 13 Heart Failure (Arduino Mangoni). Introduction. Epidemiology. Aetiology. Clinical presentation. Diagnosis. Therapy. Key points. Guidelines. Acknowledgements. References. 14 Atrial Fibrillation and Other Rhythm Disturbances in the Elderly (Abhay Bajpai, Irina Savelieva and A. John Camm). Introduction. Atrial arrhythmias. The epidemiology and cost of AF. The mechanism of atrial tachyarrhythmias. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Classification of AF. Causes of AF. Principles of management of AF. Treatment of acute onset AF. Suppression of paroxysms of AF. Strategies in persistent AF—rate versus rhythm control. Rate control in permanent AF. Risk of stroke and antithrombotic therapy in AF. Non-pharmacological techniques to prevent thrombus formation. Key points. References. 15 Valvular Heart Disease (Andrew T. Elder). Introduction. Infective endocarditis. Prevention of endocarditis. Diagnosis and treatment of endocarditis. Prevention of thromboembolism. Prevention of progression of degenerative valvular disease. References. 16 Anticoagulants for Thrombosis and Embolism in the Elderly (Alexander Gallus and Dolly Daniel). Introduction. The anticoagulants. Thrombosis in the elderly and indications for anticoagulants. References. 17 Haematological Disorders (Bryone J. Kuss and Sabria Alhashami). Introduction. Anaemia. Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies. Thrombocytopenia. Myelodysplastic syndromes. Acute leukaemia. Lymphoproliferative conditions. Multiple myeloma. Key points. References. 18 COPD and Asthma in the Elderly (Martin Connolly and Tina L. Davies) Risk factors and triggers. Presentation and diagnosis. Objective tests. Differential diagnoses. Management of COPD and asthma. Acute asthma. Management of exacerbations of COPD. Management of stable COPD. Conclusion. Key Points. Learning Resources. Guidelines. References. 19 Pneumonia in the Elderly (Peter A. Frith and Karin S. Nyfort-Hansen). Introduction. Epidemiology. Aetiology and pathogenesis. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Patient assessment. Therapy. Important considerations for drug usage. Prevention. References. 20 Therapeutic Aspects of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Paul van den Brande). Introduction. Pathogenesis. Presentation of tuberculosis in the elderly. Diagnosis of tuberculosis. Treatment of tuberculosis. Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. Key points. References. 21 Interstitial Lung Disease in the Elderly (Jeffrey Bowden). Introduction. Presentation of interstitial lung disease. Particular problems in the elderly. General comments with regard to therapy. Assessing the response to therapy. Drugs used in ILD. Treatment for specific forms of lung disease. Key points. Links. References. 22 Lung Cancer in the Elderly (Jeffrey Bowden). Introduction. Aetiology. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis and staging. Goals of therapy. Chemotherapeutic agents. Treatment protocols for NSCLC. Non cytotoxic agents: EGFR Inhibitors. Treatment of small cell carcinoma. Treatment of mesothelioma. Anti-emetic therapy. Key Points. Guidelines. References. 23 Nutritional Disorders and the Older Person (Robert K. Penhall and Renuka Visvanathan). Introduction. Obesity and the older person. Nutritional frailty. Under-nutrition in older people. Screening and assessment of under-nutrition. The management of the under-nourished older person. Monitoring and change. Conclusion. References. 24 Mouth and Dental Disorders (Cees de Baat and Isaac van der Waal). Introduction. Periodontal disease. Dental caries. Odontogenic infections. Alveolar osteitis. Xerostomia and hyposalivation. Candidiasis. Angular cheilitis. Denture stomatitis. Burning mouth syndrome. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Recurrent herpes simplex. Oral lichen planus. 25 Swallowing Disorders and Medication in the Elderly (Eddy Dejaeger). Introduction. Normal deglutition. Changes with Age. Aetiology of deglutition disorders. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Therapy. Deglutition disorders and medication. Key points. Links. References. 26 Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders (Geoffrey S. Hebbard). Gastrooesophageal reflux disease. Oesophageal motility disorders. Non-cardiac chest pain. Oesophageal infections. Pill-induced oesophagitis. Peptic ulcer disease. Gastritis. Non-ulcer dyspepsia. References. 27 Gastric Emptying in Older Patients (Robert J. Fraser). Introduction. Aetiology of disturbed gastric motor function in ageing. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Therapy. Therapy scheme of advised drugs for gastroparesis. Key points. Guidelines. Effect of healthy ageing on appetite regulation—anorexia of ageing. References. 28 Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders (Daniel L. Worthley, Graeme P. Young and Robert J. Fraser). Malabsorption. Inflammatory bowel disease. Diverticulosis. Mesenteric ischaemia. Constipation. Diarrhoea and faecal incontinence. Haemorrhoids. References. 29 Abdominal Malignancies (Sarah Zaidi and Guy Chung-Faye). Introduction. Epidemiology. Aetiology. Symptoms and signs. Therapy. Chemotherapy. Key points. Links. References. 30 Liver Diseases in the Elderly (Réme Mountfield and Alan J. Wigg). Introduction. Physiological changes associated with ageing. Drug induced liver disease. Cirrhosis. Alcoholic liver disease. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatitis C. Hepatitis B. Liver transplantation. References. 31 Disorders of the lower urinary tract (Adrian Wagg). Pathophysiology. Incontinence subtypes. Treatment cessation. Assessment with a bearing on drug addition or withdrawal. Rectal examination. Vaginal examination. The pharmacological treatment of urinary incontinence. Cognition and antimuscarincs. Bladder outflow tract obstruction. Other pharmacological measures. Stress urinary incontinence. Summary. References. 32 Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Elderly Men (Ming Liu and Gordon H. Muir). Assessment. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Urinary retention. Nocturnal frequency. Treatment. References. 33 Management of Erectile Dysfunction in the Elderly (Kevin Dennison). Introduction. Prevalence and aetiology of ED. Physical or psychogenic? Diagnosis and assessment of ed in primary care. Treatment options. Key points. References. 34 Benign Gynaecological Disorders (Maria Vella, James Balmforth and Linda Cardozo). Urogenital atrophy. Prolapse. Traditional anatomical site prolapse classification. Urinary incontinence. Detrusor overactivity. Drug therapies. Lichen sclerosis. Lichen planus. References. 35 Breast Cancer in Elderly Patients (Bogda Koczwara). Introduction. Presentation and diagnosis—special considerations in elderly patients. Management of breast cancer. Management of early breast cancer. Treatment of advanced breast cancer. Supportive care during breast cancer treatment. Breast cancer therapeutics in an elderly patient. Conclusion. Key points. References. 36 Pharmacological Management of Endocrine Conditions in the Elderly Patient (Nikolai Petrovsky). Introduction. Diabetes aetiology. Diabetes symptoms and signs. Diabetes diagnosis. Type 2 diabetes management. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data of diabetes medications in elderly patients. Clinically important drug interactions within diabetes drugs. General adverse effects of diabetes medications in elderly patients. Specific adverse effects and clinically-important drug interactions of diabetes drugs. Pituitary adenomas. Thyroid disease. Hyperparathyroidism. Hormone replacement. Endocrine disease in the elderly—key points. Further Reading. 37 Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Gout and Pseudogout (E. Michael Shanahan and Stephen Hedger). Rheumatoid arthritis. Key points in rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis. Key points in osteoarthritis. Polymyalgia rheumatica. Key points in PMR. Gout and calcium pyrophosphate disease (CPPD). Key points in gout and CPPD. Links. References. 38 Falls, Osteoporosis, Paget’s Disease and Osteomalacia (Harald J.J. Verhaar and Paul Jansen). Falls and osteoporosis. Paget’s disease. Osteomalacia. Key points. References. 39 Drugs and Falls (Nathalie van der Velde and Tischa J.M. van der Cammen). Introduction. Pathophysiology. Fall-risk-increasing drugs. Clinical approach. Treatment: drug withdrawal. Key points. References. 40 Pressure Ulcers (Rob J. van Marum). Introduction. The role of pressure in pressure ulcer development. The role of nutrition in pressure ulcer development. Risk assessment. Prevention. Local treatment. Key points. References. 41 Leg Ulceration (Gabrielle M. McMullin). Introduction. Aetiology. Symptoms and signs. Diagnosis. Therapy. Key points. Guidelines. References. 42 Xerosis and Asteatotic Eczema (Michael Yeung and Daniel Creamer). Xerosis. Actinic keratoses and Bowen’s disease. Bullous pemphigoid Candidiasis. Erysipelas and cellulitis. Contact dermatitis. Herpes zoster (shingles). Lichen planus. Malignant melanoma. Mycosis fungoides. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Psoriasis. Scabies. Tinea. Urticaria and angio-oedema. Venous eczema and the dependency syndrome. 43 Age-Related Eye Diseases (Genevieve Larkin). Cataract. Glaucoma. Age related macular degeneration. Diabetic retinopathy. References. 44 Ear Disorders (Wynia Derks and Gerrit Hordijk). Introduction. Hearing loss. Tinnitus. External otitis. Drugs causing hearing problems. References. 45 Pain (Albert J.M. van Wijck). Introduction. Aetiology. Diagnosis. Therapy. Key points. References. 46 Palliative Care in the Elderly (Alexander de Graeff and Saskia Teunissen). Introduction. Symptoms. Palliative care in the elderly. Treatment of common symptoms in elderly patients. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisIt is vital to have knowledge of the neuroanatomical structures and functional neurological mechanisms, which are disrupted in neurogenic speech/language, disordered persons in order to understand the speech/language deficits themselves. This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the neurological basis of both the clinically recognised forms of aphasia and the various motor speech disorders, in both children and adults. It also covers more recently recognised language disorders, such as Parkinsons and related diseases, right hemisphere damage, closed-head injury, dementia, etc. This is a perfect text for practitioners who need to understand the integration of neuroanatomy and functional neurology with the practice of speech-language pathology.Table of Contents1 Neuroanatomical and neuropathological framework of speech and language 1 2 Aphasia syndromes 47 3 Subcortical aphasia syndromes 78 4 Speech-language disorders associated with traumatic brain injury 118 5 Language disorders subsequent to right-hemisphere lesions 153 6 Language disturbances in dementia syndromes 176 7 Language disorders associated with diseases of the cerebral white matter 202 8 Neurological disturbances associated with aphasia 226 9 Dysarthrias associated with upper and lower motor neurone lesions 244 10 Dysarthrias associated with extrapyramidal syndromes 271 11 Dysarthrias associated with lesions in other motor systems 303 12 Acquired childhood speech-language disorders 333 Index 370

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Book SynopsisThis book provides comprehensive coverage of speech and language disorders arising from pathological processes involving the subcortical structures of the brain. It gives an understanding of these disorders in terms of their neuropathological basis, clinical symptomatology and prognosis.Table of ContentsSECTION A: INTRODUCTION. 1. Subcortical Involvement in Speech and Language: An Introduction and Historical Perspective. 2. Neuroanatomy and Functional Neurology of the Subcortical Region. SECTION B: SUBCORTICAL LANGUAGE DISORDERS. 3. Models of Subcortical Participation in Language. 4. Language Disorders Associated with Striatocapsular and Thalamic Lesions. 5. Pallidal and Thalamic Involvement in Language: Evidence from Stereotactic Surgical Studies. 6. Role of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Language. 7. Influence of the Cerebellum on Language Function. 8. Degenerative Subcortical Syndromes: Aetiology, Clinical Features, Medical Treatment and Associated Language Disorders. 9. Assessment and Treatment of Subcortical Language Disorders. SECTION C: SUBCORTICAL SPEECH DISORDERS. 10. Role of the Subcortical Structures in Speech Motor Control. 11. Dysarthria Associated with Subcortical Pathologies. 12. Subcortical Dysarthrias: Assessment and Treatment.

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Book SynopsisThis is the third book in the series Children's Speech and Literacy Difficulties and is based on research and practice with school-age children with persisting speech and associated difficulties. It focuses on the psycholinguistic nature of their difficulties, how to design intervention programmes, and how intervention outcomes might be measured.Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. Acknowledgements. Chapter 1: Persisting Speech Difficulties. Chapter 2: Theory, Therapy and Methodology. Chapter 3: Stimuli Design: Segments in Single Words. Chapter 4: Working on Segments in Single Words. Chapter 5: Stimuli Design: Consonant Clusters in Single Words. Chapter 6: Working on Consonant Clusters. Chapter 7: Stimuli Design: Connected Speech. Chapter 8: Working on Connected Speech. Chapter 9: Generalisation. Chapter 10: Linking with Literacy. Chapter 11: Intelligibility. Chapter 12: Evaluating Intervention Outcomes. Chapter 13: Service Delivery Issues. Chapter 14: Putting the Speech back into Speech Therapy. Appendix 1: Speech processing profile. Appendix 2: Updated List of Examples of Tests for Each Question in the Psycholinguistic. Assessment Framework. Appendix 3: Speech processing model. Appendix 4: Template for Journal Review. Appendix 5: Examples of Core Vocabulary used with a child with PSDs. Appendix 6: Sample minimal pair lists. Appendix 7: Pro-forma for describing therapy tasks. Appendix 8: Child interview questions. Glossary. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Handbook of Psychiatric Drugs is a comprehensive, clear, concise and quick reference to psychiatric drug therapies, designed to guide the clinician on the selection and implementation of treatment for mental illness.Trade Review"...an excellent little book...small enough that busy clinicians can easily read it cover to cover." (Psychiatric Times, June 2007) "…a basic guide to drugs used to treat mental disorders…at a reasonable cost and in a handy format." (American Reference Books Annual, March 2007) "…a welcome addition…well-written, easy to use, and thorough in its coverage…psychiatry residents as well as practicing clinicians will find this a useful, quick referral source." (Doody's Health Services)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Disclaimer. 1 Antipsychotic Drugs. Introduction. Pharmacology. Chemistry. Mechanism of Action. Pharmacokinetics. Indications for Use of Antipsychotic Drugs. Drug Selection and Initiation of Treatment. Drug Selection for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Effects of Antipsychotic Agents on Symptoms of Schizophrenia. Drug Selection for the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder. Drug Selection for the Treatment of Major Depression With Psychotic Features. Drug Selection for the Treatment of Delusional Disorder. Drug Selection for the Treatment of Delirium. Drug Selection for the Treatment of Psychosis and Agitation Associated with Dementia. Drug Selection for the Treatment of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disorders. Drug Selection for Huntington’s Disease and Tourette’s Disorder. Substance-induced Psychoses. Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics. Acute Extrapyramidal Side Effects (Dystonia, Parkinsonism, Akathisia). Tardive Dyskinesia and Other Tardive Syndromes. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. Endocrine and Sexual Effects. Metabolic Effects. Cardiovascular Effects. Gastrointestinal Effects. Hepatic Effects. Hematological Effects. Other Side Effects. Drug Interactions and Antipsychotic Agents. Antipsychotic Medications and Pregnancy. Additional Reading. 2 Antidepressants. Introduction. Pharmacology. Mechanisms of Action. Pharmacokinetics. Indications for Use of Antidepressants. Panic Disorder (PD). Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Social Phobias and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Bulimia. Anorexia Nervosa. Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). Premenstrual Dysphoria (PMDD). Childhood Disorders. Other Psychiatric Disorders. Other Medical Conditions. Drug Selection and Initiation of Treatment for Major Depression. Special Considerations in the Selection of an Antidepressant. Initiation of Treatment. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Early, or Pre-response, Period. Response, or Acute Treatment, Period. Treatment of Partially Responsive and Nonresponsive Patients. Antidepressant Augmentation. Changing to a New Agent. Continuation and Maintenance Periods, and Discontinuation. Side Effects. Anticholinergic Effects. Autonomic Effects. Neurologic Effects. Weight Gain. Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Sexual Dysfunction. Cardiac Conduction. Suicide Risk. Allergic and Hematologic Effects. Other Effects. Central Serotonergic Syndrome. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Drug Interactions. Tricyclic Antidepressants. Pharmacokinetic Effects. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. Other Second-Generation Antidepressants. Third-Generation Antidepressants. Summary. Recommendations for the Use of Antidepressants. Additional Reading. 3 Mood Stabilizers. Introduction. Pharmacology. Chemistry. Mechanism of Action. Pharmacokinetics. Indications. Drug Selection and Initiation of Treatment. Acute Mania. Drug Selection. Relative Efficacy of Different Agents. Treatment Initiation and Dose Titration. Acute Depression. Drug Selection. Treatment Initiation and Dose Titration. Breakthrough Episodes. Maintenance. Rapid Cycling. Costs. Adverse Effects. Drug Interactions. Pregnancy. Summary. Additional Reading. 4 Anxiolytic Drugs. Introduction. A General Approach to Using Medication with Anxious Patients. Pharmacology. Antidepressants. Benzodiazepines. Buspirone. Beta-Blocker Medications. Anticonvulsants. Antipsychotics. Indications for Use. Antidepressants. Benzodiazepines. Buspirone. Beta-blocker Medications. Anticonvulsants. Antipsychotics. Augmentation/Adjuvant Treatments. Drug Selection, Dose, and Initiation of Treatment. Side Effects. Drug Interactions. Contraindications and Special Precautions. Summary. Additional Reading. 5 Sedative–Hypnotic Agents. Introduction. Diagnosis. Treatment Options. Non-prescription Agents. Prescription Medications. Pharmacology. Benzodiazepines. Chloral Hydrate. Zolpidem. Zaleplon. Eszopiclone. Ramelteon. Drug Selection. Other Prescription Hypnotics. Treatment Implementation. Adverse Effects. Benzodiazepines. Chloral Hydrate. Zolpidem. Zaleplon. Eszopiclone. Ramelteon. Drug Interactions and Special Precautions. Summary. Additional Reading. 6 Psychostimulants. Introduction. Pharmacology. Chemistry. Mechanism of Action. Pharmacokinetics. Indications and Contraindications. Drug Selection. Treatment Initiation and Dose Titration. Treatment Evaluation. Maintenance Treatment. Treatment Resistance. Effects of Treatment on Symptoms. ADHD in Adults. Alternative Preparations to the Standard Stimulant Medications. Narcolepsy. Other Indications. Costs. Adverse Effects. Drug Interactions. Summary. Additional Reading. 7 Cognitive Enhancers and Treatments for Alzheimer’s Disease. Introduction. Pharmacology. Mechanism of Action. Pharmacokinetics. Indications. Drug Selection. Treatment Initiation. Maintenance Treatment. Treatment Evaluation. Adverse Effects. Cholinesterase Inhibitors. Drug Interactions. Summary. Additional Reading. 8 Drugs for Treating Substance Abuse Disorders. Introduction. Syndromes Associated with Intoxication. Alcohol Intoxication. Sedative–Hypnotic Intoxication. Opiate Intoxication. Cocaine and Amphetamine Intoxication. Intoxication by LSD, Mescaline, MDMA (‘Ecstasy’), and Psilocybin. Phencyclidine Intoxication. Drug Treatment of Withdrawal Syndromes. Alcohol Withdrawal. Withdrawal from Sedative–Hypnotics. Withdrawal from Opiates. Management of Withdrawal in Patients with Multiple Dependencies. Agents to Aid Relapse Prevention. Medications for Alcohol Dependence. Medications for Cocaine Dependence. Medications for Opiate Dependence. Special Considerations. Drug Treatments for Nicotine Dependence. Pharmacotherapies for Substance Abusers with Additional Psychiatric Illness. Pharmacotherapy for Specific Psychiatric Disorders. Drug Interactions in Chemical Dependency. Additional Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Textbook of Pharmacoepidemiology provides a streamlined text for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of medicines. It includes a brief introduction to pharmacoepidemiology as well as sections on data sources, methodology and applications. Each chapter includes key points, case studies and essential references.Trade Review"…a useful textbook for upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral fellows in pharmacy, medical, and public health programs." (The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, June 2007) "This is a major text with far-reaching impact…recommended for all courses in public health or pharmacology…" (Electric Review, March/April 2007)Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Preface. Acknowledgments. Acknowledgments from Pharmacoepidemiology, Fourth Edition. SECTION I INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY. 1. What is Pharmacoepidemiology? (Brian L. Strom). 2. Study Designs Available for Pharmacoepidemiology Studies (Brian L. Strom). 3. Sample Size Considerations for Pharmacoepidemiology Studies (Brian L. Strom). 4. Basic Principles of Clinical Pharmacology Relevant to Pharmacoepidemiology Studies (Sean Hennessy). 5. When Should One Perform Pharmacoepidemiology Studies? (Brian L. Strom). 6. Views from Academia, Industry, and Regulatory Agencies (Leanne K. Madre, Robert M. Califf, Robert F. Reynolds, Peter Arlett, and Jane Moseley). SECTION II SOURCES OF PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY DATA. 7. Spontaneous Reporting in the United States (Syed Rizwanuddin Ahmad, Norman S. Marks, and Roger A. Goetsch). 8. Global Drug Surveillance: The WHO Programme for International Drug Monitoring (I. Ralph Edwards, Sten Olsson, Marie Lindquist, and Bruce Hugman). 9. Case–Control Surveillance (Lynn Rosenberg, Patricia F. Coogan, and Julie R. Palmer). 10. Prescription-Event Monitoring (Saad A.W. Shakir). 11. Overview of Automated Databases in Pharmacoepidemiology (Brian L. Strom). 12. Examples of Automated Databases (Andy Stergachis, Kathleen W. Saunders, Robert L. Davis, Stephen E. Kimmel, Rita Schinnar, K. Arnold Chan, Deborah Shatin, Nigel S.B. Rawson, Sean Hennessy, Winanne Downey, MaryRose Stang, Patricia Beck, William Osei, Hubert G. Leufkens, Thomas M. MacDonald, and Joel M. Gelfand). 13. Other Approaches to Pharmacoepidemiology Studies (Brian L. Strom). 14. How Should One Perform Pharmacoepidemiology Studies? Choosing Among the Available Alternatives (Brian L. Strom). 15. Validity of Pharmacoepidemiologic Drug and Diagnosis Data (Suzanne L. West, Brian L. Strom, and Charles Poole). SECTION III SPECIAL ISSUES IN PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY METHODOLOGY. 16. Bias and Confounding in Pharmacoepidemiology (Ilona Csizmadi and Jean-Paul Collet). 17. Determining Causation from Case Reports (Judith K. Jones). 18. Molecular Pharmacoepidemiology (Stephen E. Kimmel). 19. Bioethical Issues in Pharmacoepidemiologic Research (Kevin Haynes, Jason Karlawish, and Elizabeth B. Andrews). 20. The Use of Randomized Controlled Trials for Pharmacoepidemiology Studies (Samuel M. Lesko and Allen A. Mitchell). 21. The Use of Pharmacoepidemiology to Study Beneficial Drug Effects (Brian L. Strom). 22. Pharmacoeconomics: Economic Evaluation of Pharmaceuticals (Kevin A. Schulman, Henry A. Glick, and Daniel Polsky). 23. Using Quality-of-Life Measurements in Pharmacoepidemiologic Research (Holger Schünemann, Gordon H. Guyatt, and Roman Jaeschke). 24. The Use of Meta-analysis in Pharmacoepidemiology (Carin J. Kim and Jesse A. Berlin). 25. Patient Adherence to Prescribed Drug Dosing Regimens in Ambulatory Pharmacotherapy (John Urquhart and Bernard Vrijens). 26. Novel Approaches to Pharmacoepidemiology Study Design and Statistical Analysis (Samy Suissa). SECTION IV SPECIAL APPLICATIONS OF PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY. 27. Special Applications of Pharmacoepidemiology (David Lee, Sumit R. Majumdar, Helene Levens Lipton, Stephen B. Soumerai, Sean Hennessy, Robert L. Davis, Robert T. Chen, Roselie A. Bright, Allen A. Mitchell, David J. Graham, David W. Bates, and Brian L. Strom). 28. The Future of Pharmacoepidemiology (Brian L. Strom and Stephen E. Kimmel). Appendix A Sample Size Tables. Appendix B Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisRecent advances in nanomedicine offer ground-breaking methods for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of some fatal diseases. Amongst the most promising nanomaterials being developed are magnetic nanomaterials, including magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic nanosensors. Some nanomagnetic medical applications are already commercially available with more set to be released over the coming years. Nanomedicine, Design and Applications of Magnetic Nanomaterials, Nanosensors and Nanosystems presents a comprehensive overview of the biomedical applications of various types of functional magnetic materials. The book provides an introduction to magnetic nanomaterials before systematically discussing the individual materials, their physical and chemical principles, fabrication techniques and biomedical applications. This methodical approach allows this book to be used both as a textbook for beginners to the subject and as a convenient reference for professionals in the field. Table of ContentsCONTENTS Preface About the Authors Introduction 1.1 What is nanoscience and nanotechnology 1.2 Magnets and nanometers: mutual attraction 1.3 Typical magnetic nanomaterials 1.4 Nanomedicine and magnetic nanomedicine 1.5 Typical biomedical applications of functional magnetic nanomaterials Physical background for the biomedical applications of functional magnetic nanomaterials 2.1 Requirements for biomedical applications 2.2 Fundamentals of nanomagnetism 2.3 Magnetic relaxation of ferrofluids 2.4 Magnetorheology of ferrofluids 2.5 Manipulation of magnetic particles in fluids 2.6 Interactions between biological nanomaterials and functionalized magnetic nanoparticles Magnetic nanoparticles 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Basics of nanomagnetics 3.3 Synthesis techniques 3.4 Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles 3.5 Bio-inspired magnetic nanoparticles 3.6 Functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles 3.7 Future prospects Biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Diagnostic applications 4.3 Therapeutic applications 4.4 Physiological aspects 4.5 Toxic effects Magnetosomes and their biomedical applications 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Magnetosome formation 5.3 Cultivation of magnetotactic bacteria 5.4 Characterization of magnetosomes 5.5 Biomedical applications of magnetosomes Magnetic nanowires and their biomedical applications 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Magnetism of magnetic nanowires 6.3 Template-based synthesis of magnetic nanowires 6.4 Characterization of magnetic nanowires 6.5 Functionalization of magnetic nanowires 6.6 Magnetic nanowires in suspension 6.7 Biomedical applications of magnetic nanowires Magnetic nanotubes and their biomedical applications 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Magnetism of nanotubes 7.3 Multifunctionality of magnetic nanotubes 7.4 Synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanotubes 7.5 Biomedical applications of magnetic nanotubes Magnetic biosensors 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Magnetoresistance-based sensors 8.3 Hall effect sensors 8.4 Other sensors detecting stray magnetic fields 8.5 Sensors detecting magnetic relaxations 8.6 Sensors detecting ferrofluid susceptibility Magnetic biochips: basic principles 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Biochips based on giant magnetoresistance sensors 9.3 Biochips based on spin valve sensors 9.4 Biochips based on magnetic tunnel junctions 9.5 Fully integrated biochips Biomedical applications of magnetic biosensors and biochips 10.1 Introduction 10.2 DNA analysis 10.3 Protein analysis and protein biochips 10.4 Virus detection and cell analysis 10.5 Study of the interactions between biomolecules 10.6 Detection of biological warfare agents 10.7 Environmental monitoring and cleanup 10.8 Outlook Appendix A1. Units for magnetic properties

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Book SynopsisHughes' Outline of Psychiatry, Fifth Edition presents a comprehensive account of current practice in psychiatry, summarising up-to-date knowledge of the subject in a concise way. Part I touches on general classification, causes and prevention of mental disorders.Table of ContentsPreface. PART I: THE NATURE AND ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER. 1 Classification. The basis of classification. Reliability and validity. Limitations and problems of classification. Common terms in psychiatric classification. Classification systems. 2 Causes and Prevention. Causation in clinical practice. Historical background. Genetics. Neurochemistry. Neuroradiology. Epidemiology. Individual life experience. Prevention of psychiatric disorder. 3 Assessment. Circumstances of referral. The psychiatric interview. Mental state examination. Physical examination. Structured interviews and questionnaires. Further assessments. Physical investigations. PART II: CLINICAL SYNDROMES. 4 Schizophrenia. Definition. Frequency. Epidemiology. Causation. Clinical features. Clinical types. Diagnostic criteria. Differential diagnosis. Treatment. Prognosis. 5 Mood Disorders: Depressive Illness and Mania. Frequency. Epidemiology. Causes. Clinical features of depressive illness. Types of depressive illness. Diagnosis of depressive illness. Clinical features of mania. Differential diagnosis of mood disorders. Treatment of depressive illness. Treatment of mania. Prophylaxis of affective disorder. 6 Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders. Boundaries of anxiety disorder. Hierarchy of diagnosis. Frequency. Epidemiology. Causes. Clinical features. Differential diagnosis. Treatment. Prognosis. Generalized anxiety disorder (anxiety state). Panic disorder. Agoraphobia. Social phobia. Simple phobias (specific phobias, monophobias). Obsessive-compulsive disorders. Conversion and dissociative disorders. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Adjustment disorders. Bereavement. 7 Personality Disorders. Definition. Classification. Types of personality disorder. Epidemiology. Differential diagnosis. Treatment. Prognosis. Sociopathic (dissocial) personality disorder. 8 Paranoid States. Definition. Predisposing factors. Differential diagnosis of paranoid states. Management. Culture-bound syndromes. 9 Physical Symptoms and Psychiatric Disorder. Introduction. Assessing physical symptoms in psychiatric practice. Unexplainedphysical symptoms. Management. Malingering and exaggeration. 10 Organic Brain Syndromes. Causes. Clinical features. Delirium. Dementia. Focal brain damage. 11 Liaison Psychiatry. Psychological influences on the course of physical disease. The stresses of physical illness. Adjustment and coping. Clinical depression in medically ill patients. Management and prevention. Liaison psychiatry. 12 Drug Misuse. Definitions. Epidemiology. Causes. Psychiatric and physical complications. Legal aspects. Pharmacology. Prevention. Treatment. Opiates. Amphetamines (speed). Cocaine and crack. Cannabis (Indian hemp, hashish, pot). Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD, acid). MDMA (Ecstasy). Glues and solvents. Tobacco. Caffeine. Barbiturates. Benzodiazepines. 13 Alcohol Misuse. Safe limits of drinking. Frequency. Epidemiology. Causes. Effects of alcohol. Course of alcohol abuse. Recognition. Treatment. Prognosis. Prevention. 14 Deliberate Self-Harm. Suicide. Non-fatal deliberate self-harm (parasuicide, attempted suicide). 15 Eating Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa. Introduction. Anorexia nervosa. Bulimia nervosa. Obesity. 16 Disorders of Female Reproductive Life. Pregnancy. Puerperal psychosis. Post-natal depression and other neurotic syndromes. Abortion. Stillbirth and perinatal death. Premenstrual syndrome. The menopause. Hysterectomy. 17 Sexual Problems. Sexual dysfunctions. Sexual deviations. Gender-identity disorders. Homosexuality. 18 Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Predisposing factors. Classification. History taking and examination. Treatment. Relationship with adult disorder. Neurotic (emotional) disorders. Conduct disorders. Attention deficit disorder. Psychoses. Delays in development. Symptomatic disorders. Child abuse. Psychiatry of adolescence. 19 Learning disability. Frequency. Causes. Diagnosis of learning disability. Associated phenomena. Management. Prognosis. Prevention. Chromosomal abnormalities. Gene abnormalities. Acquired handicap. Miscellaneous. 20 Psychiatry of Old Age. Frequency. Clinical syndromes. Assessment. Specific treatments. Organization of services. 21 Forensic Psychiatry. Offending behaviour. Predicting violence and dangerousness. Psychiatric aspects of specific offences. Treatment: general considerations. Facilities for mentally disordered offenders. Psychiatric reports: criminal. PART III: TREATMENT. 22 Psychological Treatment. Historical background. Principles of psychotherapy today. Counselling. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). Psychodynamic psychotherapy. Group therapy. Family and marital therapy. Recent advances. 23 Psychopharmacology. General principles of using psychotropic drugs. Antipsychotics. Antidepressants. Antidepressants: tricyclic group. Antidepressants: SSRI group. Antidepressants: MAOI group. Other antidepressant drugs. Benzodiazepines. Mood stabilizers. Lithium. 24 Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) and Psychosurgery. Indications. Mode of action. Efficacy and prediction of response. Timing and number of treatments. Practicalities of treatment. Contraindications. Bilateral versus unilateral ECT. Unwanted effects. Consent for ECT. Myths. For the future. Psychosurgery. 25 Organization of Services. Introduction . Background and history. Community care. The psychiatric multidisciplinary team. Psychiatry in primary care. Inpatient services. Outpatient clinics. Crisis and home treatment. Day hospitals. Resource centres and day centres. Recovery and rehabilitation. The care programme approach. Assertive outreach teams. Non-NHS health-care facilities. 26 The Mental Health Act 1983. Introduction. Background. Compulsory admission. Patients already in hospital. Patients in the community. Relatives. Approved social workers (ASWs). Police powers. Mentally abnormal offenders. Consent to treatment. Information for detained patients. Mental Health Act Commission. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Handbook of Neural Engineering provides the theoretical foundations and current applications from the leading researchers in this emerging new field. It focuses on the brain-computer interface, nano-neural engineering, neural prostheses, imaging the brain, neural signal processing, the brain and neurons.Trade Review"This handbook is an excellent and informative technical reference for researchers and undergraduate students with a basic background in electrical or biomedical engineering." (IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, January/February 2009) "…a comprehensive summary of the latest trends and is an essential resource for researchers in this field." (Journal of the American Medical Association, August 22/29, 2007) "…very useful…for those already working in the discipline. It fills a void in the pertinent literature; there are few works that compare." (Doody's Book Reviews) "This is a good quality book…useful as a current survey and resource for ideas, and the state of the art." (Doody's Book Reviews) "...useful as a current survey and resource for ideas, and the state of the art." (Doody's Health Services)Table of ContentsPREFACE. CONTRIBUTORS. PART I: NEURAL SIGNAL AND IMAGE PROCESSING AND MODELING. CHAPTER 1: OPTIMAL SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR BRAIN–MACHINE INTERFACES (Justin C. Sanchez and Jose C. Principe). CHAPTER 2: MODULATION OF ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN NEURAL NETWORKS: TOWARD A BIOARTIFICIAL LIVING SYSTEM (Laura Bonzano, Alessandro Vato, Michela Chiappalone, and Sergio Martinoia). CHAPTER 3: ESTIMATION OF POSTERIOR PROBABILITIES WITH NEURAL NETWORKS: APPLICATION TO MICROCALCIFICATION DETECTION IN BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS (Juan Ignacio Arribas, Jesús Cid-Sueiro, and Carlos Alberola-López). CHAPTER 4: IDENTIFICATION OF CENTRAL AUDITORY PROCESSING DISORDERS BY BINAURALLY EVOKED BRAINSTEM RESPONSES (Daniel J. Strauss, Wolfgang Delb, and Peter K. Plinkert). CHAPTER 5: FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ADAPTIVE VISUAL ENCODING (Nicholas A. Lesica and Garrett B. Stanley). CHAPTER 6: DECONVOLUTION OF OVERLAPPING AUDITORY BRAINSTEM RESPONSES OBTAINED AT HIGH STIMULUS RATES (O. Ozdamar, R. E. Delgado, E. Yavuz, and N. Acikgoz). CHAPTER 7: AUTONOMIC CARDIAC MODULATION AT SINOATRIAL AND ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODES: OBSERVATIONS AND MODELS (S. Ward, R. Shouldice, C. Heneghan, P. Nolan, and G. McDarby). CHAPTER 8: NEURAL NETWORKS AND TIME–FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC SIGNALS FOR MUSCLE CEREBRAL CONTROL (Bruno Azzerboni, Maurizio Ipsale, Fabio La Foresta, and Francesco Carlo Morabito). CHAPTER 9: MULTIRESOLUTION FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL IMAGES (Khan M. Iftekharuddin and Carlos Parra). CHAPTER 10: METHODS FOR NEURAL-NETWORK-BASED SEGMENTATION OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES (Lia Morra, Silvia Delsanto, and Fabrizio Lamberti). CHAPTER 11: HIGH-RESOLUTION EEG AND ESTIMATION OF CORTICAL ACTIVITY FOR BRAIN–COMPUTER INTERFACE APPLICATIONS (F. Cincotti, M. Mattiocco, D. Mattia, F. Babiloni, and L. Astolfi) CHAPTER 12: ESTIMATION OF CORTICAL SOURCES RELATED TO SHORT-TERM MEMORY IN HUMANS WITH HIGHRESOLUTION EEG RECORDINGS AND STATISTICAL PROBABILITY MAPPING (L. Astolfi, D. Mattia, F. Babiloni, and F. Cincotti). CHAPTER 13: EXPLORING SEMANTIC MEMORY AREAS BY FUNCTIONAL MRI (G. Rizzo, P. Vitali, G. Baselli, M. Tettamanti, P. Scifo, S. Cerutti, D. Perani, and F. Fazio). PART II: NEURO–NANOTECHNOLOGY: ARTIFICIAL IMPLANTS AND NEURAL PROTHESES. CHAPTER 14: RESTORATION OF MOVEMENT BY IMPLANTABLE NEURAL MOTOR PROSTHESES (Thomas Sinkjær and Dejan B. Popovic). CHAPTER 15: HYBRID OLFACTORY BIOSENSOR USING MULTICHANNEL ELECTROANTENNOGRAM: DESIGN AND APPLICATION (John R. Hetling, Andrew J. Myrick, Kye-Chung Park, and Thomas C. Baker). CHAPTER 16: RECONFIGURABLE RETINA-LIKE PREPROCESSING PLATFORM FOR CORTICAL VISUAL NEUROPROSTHESES (Samuel Romero, Francisco J. Pelayo, Christian A. Morillas, Antonio Martı´nez, and Eduardo Ferna´ndez). CHAPTER 17: BIOMIMETIC INTEGRATION OF NEURAL AND ACOUSTIC SIGNAL PROCESSING (Rolf Müller and Herbert Peremans). CHAPTER 18: RETINAL IMAGE AND PHOSPHENE IMAGE: AN ANALOGY (Luke E. Hallum, Spencer C. Chen, Gregg J. Suaning, and Nigel H. Lovell). CHAPTER 19: BRAIN-IMPLANTABLE BIOMIMETIC ELECTRONICS AS NEURAL PROSTHESES TO RESTORE LOST COGNITIVE FUNCTION (Theodore W. Berger, Ashish Ahuja, Spiros H. Courellis, Gopal Erinjippurath, Ghassan Gholmieh, John J. Granacki, Min Chi Hsaio, Jeff LaCoss, Vasilis Z. Marmarelis, Patrick Nasiatka, Vijay Srinivasan, Dong Song, Armand R. Tanguay, Jr., and Jack Wills). CHAPTER 20: ADVANCES IN RETINAL NEUROPROSTHETICS (Nigel H. Lovell, Luke E. Hallum, Spencer C. Chen, Socrates Dokos, Philip Byrnes-Preston, Rylie Green, Laura Poole-Warren, Torsten Lehmann, and Gregg J. Suaning). CHAPTER 21: TOWARDS A CULTURED NEURAL PROBE: PATTERNING OF NETWORKS AND THEIR ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY (W. L. C. Rutten, T. G. Ruardij, E. Marani, and B. H. Roelofsen). CHAPTER 22: SPIKE SUPERPOSITION RESOLUTION IN MULTICHANNEL EXTRACELLULAR NEURAL RECORDINGS: A NOVEL APPROACH (Karim Oweiss and David Anderson). CHAPTER 23: TOWARD A BUTTON-SIZED 1024-SITE WIRELESS CORTICAL MICROSTIMULATING ARRAY (Maysam Ghovanloo and Khalil Najafi). CHAPTER 24: PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RETINAL NEUROPROSTHESIS DESIGN (Gregg J. Suaning, Luke E. Hallum, Spencer Chen, Philip Preston, Socrates Dokos, and Nigel H. Lovell). PART III: NEUROROBOTICS AND NEURAL REHABILATION ENGINEERING. CHAPTER 25: INTERFACING NEURAL AND ARTIFICIAL SYSTEMS: FROM NEUROENGINEERING TO NEUROROBOTICS (P. Dario, C. Laschi, A. Menciassi, E. Guglielmelli, M. C. Carrozza, and S. Micera). CHAPTER 26: NEUROCONTROLLER FOR ROBOT ARMS BASED ON BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED VISUOMOTOR COORDINATION NEURAL MODELS (E. Guglielmelli, G. Asuni, F. Leoni, A. Starita, and P. Dario). CHAPTER 27: MUSCLE SYNERGIES FOR MOTOR CONTROL (Andrea d’Avella and Matthew Tresch). CHAPTER 28: ROBOTS WITH NEURAL BUILDING BLOCKS (Henrik Hautop Lund and Jacob Nielsen) CHAPTER 29: DECODING SENSORY STIMULI FROM POPULATIONS OF NEURONS: METHODS FOR LONG-TERM LONGITUDINAL STUDIES (Guglielmo Foffani, Banu Tutunculer, Steven C. Leiser, and Karen A. Moxon) CHAPTER 30: MODEL OF MAMMALIAN VISUAL SYSTEM WITH OPTICAL LOGIC CELLS (J. A. Mart&ıacute;n-Pereda and A. González Marcos). CHAPTER 31: CNS REORGANIZATION DURING SENSORY-SUPPORTED TREADMILL TRAINING (I. Cikajlo, Z. Matjačić, and T. Bajd). CHAPTER 32: INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF SURFACE EMG FOR DETECTION OF SINGLE MOTONEURONS FIRING IN VOLUNTARY ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION (Gonzalo A. Garc&ıacute;a, Ryuhei Okuno, and Kenzo Akazawa). CHAPTER 33: RECENT ADVANCES IN COMPOSITE AEP/EEG INDICES FOR ESTIMATING HYPNOTIC DEPTH DURING GENERAL ANESTHESIA? (Erik Weber Jensen, Pablo Martinez, Hector Litvan, Hugo Vereecke, Bernardo Rodriguez, and Michel M. R. F. Struys). CHAPTER 34: ENG RECORDING AMPLIFIER CONFIGURATIONS FOR TRIPOLAR CUFF ELECTRODES (I. F. Triantis, A. Demosthenous, M. S. Rahal, and N. Donaldson). CHAPTER 35: CABLE EQUATION MODEL FOR MYELINATED NERVE FIBER (P. D. Einziger, L. M. Livshitz, and J. Mizrahi). CHAPTER 36: BAYESIAN NETWORKS FOR MODELING CORTICAL INTEGRATION Paul Sajda, Kyungim Baek and Leif Finkel). CHAPTER 37: NORMAL AND ABNORMAL AUDITORY INFORMATION PROCESSING REVEALED BY NONSTATIONARY SIGNAL ANALYSIS OF EEG (Ben H. Jansen, Anant Hegde, Jacob Ruben, and Nashaat N. Boutros). CHAPTER 38: PROBING OSCILLATORY VISUAL DYNAMICS AT THE PERCEPTUAL LEVEL (H. Fotowat, H. Ö&gcaron;men, H. E. Bedell, and B. G. Breitmeyer). CHAPTER 39: NONLINEAR APPROACHES TO LEARNING AND MEMORY (Klaus Lehnertz). CHAPTER 40: SINGLE-TRIAL ANALYSIS OF EEG FOR ENABLING COGNITIVE USER INTERFACES (Adam D. Gerson, Lucas C. Parra, and Paul Sajda). INDEX. ABOUT THE EDITOR.

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Book SynopsisThe accessible introduction to biomaterials and their applications in tissue replacement, medical devices, and more Molecular and cell biology is being increasingly integrated into the search for high-performance biomaterials and biomedical devices, transforming a formerly engineering- and materials sciencebased field into a truly interdisciplinary area of investigation. Biomimetic, Bioresponsive, and Bioactive Materials presents a comprehensive introduction to biomaterials, discussing how they are selected, designed, and modified for integration with living tissue and how they can be utilized in the development of medical devices, orthopedics, and other related areas. Examining the physico chemical properties of widely used biomaterials and their uses in different clinical fields, the book explores applications including soft and hard tissue replacement; biointeractive metals, polymers, and ceramics; and in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo biocompatibility tests andTable of ContentsPreface xi Contributors xiii 1 HISTORY OF BIOMIMETIC, BIOACTIVE, AND BIORESPONSIVE BIOMATERIALS 1 Matteo Santin and Gary Phillips 1.1 The First Generation of Biomaterials: The Search for “The Bioinert” 1 1.1.1 Bioinert: Myth, Reality, or Utopia? 4 1.2 The Second Generation of Biomaterials: Biomimetic, Bioresponsive, Bioactive 5 1.2.1 Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Bioglass®: Cell Adhesion and Stimulation 6 1.2.2 Collagen, Fibrin Glue, and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels: Presenting the ECM 6 1.2.3 Chitosan and Alginate: Replacing the ECM 9 1.2.4 Poly(Lactic/Glycolic) Acid Copolymers: Encouraging Tissue Remodeling by Safe Biodegradation 10 1.2.5 Porous Metals: Favoring Mechanical Integration 11 1.3 The Third-Generation Biomaterials: Biomimicking Natural Bioactive and Bioresponsive Processes 13 1.3.1 Principal Phases of Tissue Regeneration 14 1.3.1.1 Cell Adhesion: The Cornerstone of Tissue Regeneration 16 1.3.1.2 Mechanisms of Tissue Mineralization 19 1.4 Principles of Biomimesis and Bioactivity 21 1.4.1 Biomimicking of the ECM 22 1.4.2 Biomimicking of Cell Membrane Components 24 1.4.3 Biomimicking Cell Signaling Pathways 24 1.4.3.1 Modulation of the Growth Factor Signaling by Gene Expression: Bioactive Gene Delivery Systems 25 1.5 Bioactive Biomaterials from Different Natural Sources 26 1.5.1 Silk Fibroin 26 1.5.2 Soybean-Based Biomaterials 27 1.6 Scope of This Book 29 References 30 2 SOFT TISSUE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONALITY 35 Gabriela Voskerician 2.1 Overview 35 2.2 Epithelial Tissue 36 2.2.1 Background 36 2.3 The Skin 37 2.3.1 Structure and Functionality 37 2.3.2 Repair, Healing, and Renewal 42 2.4 Muscle Tissue 46 2.4.1 Background 46 2.4.2 Skeletal Muscle 48 2.4.2.1 Structure and Functionality 48 2.4.2.2 Repair, Healing, and Renewal 50 2.4.3 Smooth Muscle 51 2.4.3.1 Structure and Functionality 51 2.4.3.2 Repair, Healing, and Renewal 52 2.4.4 Cardiac Muscle 54 2.4.4.1 Structure and Functionality 54 2.4.4.2 Repair, Healing, and Renewal 55 2.5 Connective Tissue 56 2.5.1 Background 56 2.5.2 Embryonic Connective Tissue 57 2.5.3 Connective Tissue Proper 58 2.5.3.1 Cells of the Connective Tissue Proper 59 2.5.3.2 Connective Tissue Proper Fibers 60 2.5.3.3 Ground Substance 63 2.5.4 Specialized Connective Tissues 64 2.5.4.1 Structure and Function 64 2.5.4.2 Repair, Healing, and Renewal of Hyaline Cartilage 66 2.6 The Foreign Body Response 68 Exercises/Questions for Chapter 2 76 References 76 3 HARD TISSUE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONALITY 81 Antonio Merolli and Paolo Tranquilli Leali 3.1 Definition of Hard Tissues 81 3.2 Articular Cartilage 81 3.2.1 Structure of the Articular Cartilage 82 3.2.2 Specifi c Mechanism Repair of the Articular Cartilage 83 3.3 Bone Tissue 84 3.3.1 The Structure of the Bony Tissues 85 3.3.2 The Functions of Bone Tissue 86 3.3.3 Cell Types Involved in Bone Homeostasis: The Osteoblasts and the Osteoclasts 88 3.3.4 Ossifi cation, Turnover, and Remodeling 89 3.3.5 Bone Composite Structure and Its Effect on Mechanical Performance 91 3.4 Concluding Remarks 92 Exercises/Questions for Chapter 3 92 References 93 4 BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF BIOMIMETIC POLYMERS: THE PHOSPHORYLCHOLINE-CONTAINING POLYMERS 95 Andrew L. Lewis and Andrew W. Lloyd 4.1 Historical Perspective 95 4.2 Synthesis of PC-Containing Polymers 97 4.3 Physicochemical Properties of PC-Containing Polymers 98 4.3.1 Antifouling Mechanisms of Action 98 4.3.2 Swelling Phenomena and Structural Aspects of PC Coatings 100 4.4 Stability and Mechanical Property Considerations 102 4.4.1 PC Coatings and Surface Treatments 102 4.4.2 Bulk Hydrogels and Blends 104 4.5 Biological Compatibility 105 4.5.1 Interactions with Proteins, Eukaryotic Cells, and Bacteria 105 4.5.2 Interaction with Other Tissues 107 4.6. Applications of PC Polymers 107 4.6.1 Cardiovascular Applications 107 4.6.1.1 PC-Coated Coronary Stents 108 4.6.1.2 Vascular Grafts 108 4.6.1.3 Extracorporeal Circuits 109 4.6.2 Ophthalmic Applications 110 4.6.2.1 Intraocular Lenses 110 4.6.2.2 Contact Lenses 111 4.6.2.3 Other Ocular Devices 112 4.6.3 Anti-Infective Applications 112 4.6.3.1 Urological Devices 112 4.6.3.2 Tympanostomy Tubes 112 4.6.4 Orthopedic Applications 113 4.6.5 Biosensors and Diagnostics 113 4.6.6 Separation Systems 115 4.6.7 PC Polymers for Drug Delivery 116 4.6.7.1 Drug Delivery Coatings 116 4.6.7.2 Gel-Based Drug Delivery Systems 119 4.6.7.3 Nano/Micro Particulate Drug and Gene Delivery 119 4.6.7.4 Drug Conjugates 122 4.6.8 Emerging Applications 122 4.7 Summary 123 Exercises/Questions for Chapter 4 124 References 125 5 BIOMIMETIC, BIORESPONSIVE, AND BIOACTIVE MATERIALS: INTEGRATING MATERIALS WITH TISSUE 141 Roberto Chiesa and Alberto Cigada 5.1 Introduction 141 5.2 Mandatory Requirements for Metals as Implantable Materials 142 5.2.1 Stiffness 142 5.2.2 Strength 143 5.2.3 Corrosion Resistance 144 5.2.3.1 General Corrosion 144 5.2.3.2 Crevice Corrosion 145 5.2.3.3 Fretting Corrosion 145 5.2.3.4 Galvanic Corrosion 145 5.3 Biocompatibility of Metals 145 5.3.1 ISO Standardized Metal Family 146 5.3.1.1 Stainless Steels 146 5.3.1.2 Cobalt Alloys 148 5.3.1.3 Titanium and Titanium Alloys 149 5.4 Surface Treatments of Metals for Biomedical Applications 150 5.4.1 Cathodic Deposition Treatments 152 5.4.2 Anodic Oxidation 152 Exercises/Questions for Chapter 5 157 References 157 6 CERAMICS 161 Montserrat Espanol, Román A. Pérez, Edgar B. Montufar, and Maria-Pau Ginebra 6.1 Historical Perspective 161 6.2 Biostable Ceramics 162 6.2.1 Alumina 163 6.2.2 Zirconia 164 6.3 Bioactive and Resorbable Ceramics 165 6.3.1 Basic Concepts 165 6.3.2 Glasses and Glass–Ceramics 166 6.3.2.1 Physicochemical Properties of Bioactive Glasses 167 6.3.2.2 Silicate-Based Glasses 168 6.3.2.3 Phosphate-Based Glasses 170 6.3.2.4 Processing of Glass and Glass–Ceramics 170 6.3.3 Calcium Phosphates 172 6.3.3.1 Physicochemistry of Calcium Phosphates 172 6.3.3.2 Processing of Calcium Orthophosphates 175 6.3.4 New Trends in Bioactive and Resorbable Materials Integration 178 Exercises/Questions for Chapter 6 183 References 184 7 BIOFUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS OF THE FUTURE 191 Mário Barbosa, Gary Phillips, and Matteo Santin 7.1 Clinically Led Next Generation Biomaterials 191 7.1.1 Wound Dressings and Dermal Substitutes 192 7.1.2 Vascular Grafts and Cardiovascular Stents 193 7.1.3 Joint Implants and Cartilage Tissue Engineering 194 7.1.4 Bone Fillers 195 7.1.5 Nerve Guides 195 7.1.6 Ophthalmologic Devices 195 7.2 Biomacromolecule-Inspired Biomaterials 196 7.2.1 Artificial Laminin 196 7.2.2 Artificial Elastin 197 7.2.3 Artificial Collagen 197 7.2.4 GAG- and PGN-Mimicking Biomaterials 197 7.3 Nanostructured Biomimetic, Bioresponsive, and Bioactive Biomaterials 198 7.3.1 Nanofabrication of Biomaterials 198 7.3.1.1 2D Techniques 199 7.3.1.2 3D Techniques 199 7.3.1.3 Polymeric Dendrimers 200 7.3.1.4 Self-Assembling Peptides 201 7.4 Conclusions 202 Exercises/Questions for Chapter 7 203 References 203 Index 207

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Book SynopsisEthics in Speech and Language Therapy is a key text for students, practitioners and managers alike. The demands of practice, legislation, registration and the recognition of competencies all point to the need for speech and language therapists to be explicitly educated about ethics.Trade Review"This is really thought-provoking - far from a dry, dull book about ethical theories and principles . . . this book is an excellent resource for helping us think more deeply about our work-related ethical challenges." (Speech & Language Therapy in Practice, 1 July 2011)Table of ContentsList of contributors. Preface. Acknowledgements. 1. Introduction. 2. Practising Ethically. 3. Dysphagia. 4. Intellectual and Sensory Impairment. 5. Acquired Language Disorders. 6. Paediatric Speech and Language Disorders. 7. Degenerative Conditions in Ageing. 8. Service Provision and Management. 9. Common Themes and Emerging Trends.

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