Radio technology Books
Radio Society of Great Britain Successful Wire Antennas
Book Synopsis
£13.29
Radio Society of Great Britain RF Design Basics
Book Synopsis
£16.19
Radio Society of Great Britain SWR Explained
Book Synopsis
£8.48
Radio Society of Great Britain Amateur Radio Astronomy
Book Synopsis
£15.29
Radio Society of Great Britain QRP BASICS
Book Synopsis
£14.39
Radio Society of Great Britain The Birth of British Radar
Book Synopsis
£12.34
Radio Society of Great Britain RTTY/PSK31 for Radio Amateurs
Book Synopsis
£9.14
Radio Society of Great Britain Radio Propagation Explained
Book Synopsis
£11.04
Bloomsbury Publishing PLC Reeds VHF Handbook
Book SynopsisThe Reeds VHF Handbook is an accessible, user friendly but comprehensive guide to marine VHF radio that helps users quickly get up to speed with all the functions on their equipment. Straightforward explanations and tips describe the leisure VHF DSC radio system in detail and its place within GMDSS.This brand new book incorporates all the information required to pass the Short Range Certificate, which is compulsory for anyone using a VHF DSC radio, and forms part of the process of obtaining the Day Skipper qualification. The book covers radio procedure, channel allocation, VHF radio theory and more, along with a full explanation of GMDSS, including details on EPIRBs, SARTs and Navtex.The Reeds VHF Handbook is an essential onboard reference, and set to become the standard work on the subject.Trade ReviewRadio technology is becoming more complicated, but this guide will demystify the equipment. The book covers radio procedure, channel allocation, VHF radio theory and more, along with a full explanation of GMDSS, including details on EPIRBs, SARTs and Navtex. * Classic Boat *Very well laid out, the Handbook covers all aspects of marine radio usage. It should be kept within easy reach of the radio as time is frequently a major factor. * Cruising Magazine *Table of ContentsContents Introduction and acknowledgements 1. Radio theory 2. Global Maritime Distress & Safety System 3. VHF radios 4. Rules and regulations 5. VHF channels 6. Radio procedures 7. Using DSC 8. Routine calls by voice 9. Distress calls – MAYDAY 10. Urgency announcements – PAN PAN 11. Safety announcements – SÉCURITÉ 12. The phonetic alphabet 13. Glossary 14. VHF channels and their uses 15. SRC syllabus and assessment 16. Questions and answers Appendices A. Overheard on VHF B. Check-off list for Distress Alerts C. Pro forma for MAYDAY calls D. MMSI numbers and VHF channels (for self-completion) Index
£17.09
Special Interest Model Books Scanners 7: Tuning Into Digital & Analogue Communication
The 'Scanners' series of books have been consistent bestsellers, being the UK's leading guides to receiving equipment employed by enthusiasts to monitor the short wave and VHF/UHF wavebands used by airfields, maritime and rescue services, and analogue and digital two-way private mobile radio systems. This new (seventh) edition covers the rapidly increasing trend towards digital two-way radio communications and the latest handheld and mobile/base scanners with some digital modes fitted. It has been fully re-written and updated to include the latest UK radio frequency listings and call signs for airports, maritime and emergency services and other professional organisations. The book covers the latest shifts in the hobby towards digital and PC- and tablet-controlled radio technology and illustrates the very latest commercial radio scanning equipment and accessories. Included are details of an increasing number of 'apps' for smartphones specifically for radio data decoding, including programs for digital scanner communications decoding for which a smartphone can be linked to an existing scanner radio to decode. Other innovations include TETRA as used by police, ambulance, fire and rescue services, and DMR modes such as Mototrbo. It is predicted that by 2016, fifty per cent of two-way radio communication in the UK will use digital modes.
£12.44
Radio Society of Great Britain Backyard Antennas
Book Synopsis
£17.09
Radio Society of Great Britain Digital Modes for All Occasions
Book Synopsis
£15.29
Radio Society of Great Britain HF Antennas for Everyone
Book Synopsis
£14.24
Radio Society of Great Britain Valves Revisited
Book Synopsis
£15.29
Radio Society of Great Britain Amateur Radio Mobile Handbook
Book Synopsis
£11.39
Radio Society of Great Britain LF Today
Book Synopsis
£11.89
Radio Society of Great Britain Elimination of Electrical Noise: No. 2
Book Synopsis
£7.99
Monsoon Books Snow over Surabaya
Book SynopsisNot many British schoolgirls have grown up to become revolutionary heroes of distant, eastern nations but Muriel Stewart Walker did just that. Under a multitude of different names - 'K'tut Tantri' and 'Surabaya Sue' being the best know - she joined in the struggle for Indonesian independence after the Second World War and broadcast its revolutionary message to the world on Rebel Radio. But she did more and smuggled arms, and probably drugs, to help finance the new Republic and experienced bloody battle in the British attack on Surabaya that some have seen as a war crime. She went on to become an intimate of the revolutionary leaders and finally lived to see Indonesia take its place amongst the free nations of the world. Glaswegian 'Surabaya Sue' is virtually unknown in the West and, even in Indonesia, there have always been doubts about her version of events that many have dismissed outright as a blatant mixture of outrageous fantasy and dishonest omissions. Snow over Surabaya happily embraces those doubts and brings a new, spirited account of her adventures in that tempestuous world.
£8.54
Avid Reader Press On Air
£9.89
Radio Society of Great Britain Building a Transceiver
Book Synopsis
£12.34
Radio Society of Great Britain HF Antennas for All Locations
Book Synopsis
£17.99
Artisan Ideas Marvelous Magnetic Machines: Building Model Electric Motors from Scrap
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£20.69
John Wiley & Sons Inc VHF Companion
Book SynopsisA handy, splash-proof, on-the-water reference guide to every type of radio call, from Mayday to calling another boat or shore station. It also covers DSC, Pan Pan and other emergency calls.Table of ContentsIntroduction; The Hardware; Types of Call; Range; Prowords; Calling a Marina or Port; Calling Another Boat; Calling the Coastguard; Mayday; Mayday Relay; Pan Pan; Securite
£8.54
The University of Chicago Press Probing the Sky with Radio Waves
Book SynopsisEngineers and experimental scientists generally knew how radio waves behaved, what no one could understand, however, was why radio waves followed the curvature of the Earth. The author documents this discovery and the advances in radio ionospheric propagation research that occurred in its aftermath.
£31.00
John Wiley & Sons Frequencies International Spectrum Policy
Book SynopsisAn interdisciplinary, multinational exploration of current and future policy for the foundational public resource of all mobile media: the radio spectrum.Trade Review"Frequencies casts a broad interdisciplinary lens on the site where radio spectrum marks the hot spot of national development, industrial and economic competitions, and deliberations over public goods and services. Striking a balance between technical knowledge and practical information, the book offers a helpful guide for anyone wishing to better understand the infrastructure that makes today's life online possible." Choice
£27.90
University of Illinois Press Radio Utopia
Book SynopsisAs World War II drew to a close and radio news was popularized through overseas broadcasting, journalists and dramatists began to build upon the unprecedented success of war reporting on the radio by creating audio documentaries. Focusing particularly on the work of radio luminaries such as Edward R. Murrow, Fred Friendly, Norman Corwin, and Erik Barnouw, Radio Utopia: Postwar Audio Documentary in the Public Interest traces this crucial phase in American radio history, significant not only for its timing immediately before television, but also because it bridges the gap between the end of the World Wars and the beginning of the Cold War.Matthew C. Ehrlich closely examines the production of audio documentaries disseminated by major American commercial broadcast networks CBS, NBC, and ABC from 1945 to 1951. Audio documentary programs educated Americans about juvenile delinquency, slums, race relations, venereal disease, atomic energy, arms control, and other issues of public interest, buTrade ReviewReceived the Tankard Book Award from the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (AEJMC), 2012. "An excellent contribution to the now-burgeoning field of revisionist radio scholarship."--Technology and Culture"With careful attention to detail, a command of archival sources including recordings of old radio programs, and an understanding of how the radio industry operated, Ehrlich has produced an entertaining book with a convincing argument. It is that rarest of things—a monograph with a well-defined subject that has both scholarly integrity and an appeal to a wide audience."--American Historical Review"A vivid reflection of the social and cultural climate of the post-World War II era, Matthew C. Ehrlich's engaging study shows readers what was occurring on the national radio networks as the Cold War started and the impact that the war had on broadcasting and those who worked in it. This study is of significance to historians, mass communications scholars, and journalists." Patrick S. Washburn, author of The African American Newspaper: Voice of Freedom"Highly recommended."--Choice"A fascinating book that brings together important moments in journalism, technology, politics, world order, media control, and the mood in the United States during the postwar years. Ehrlich dramatically sharpens our understanding of how both radio and television news evolved during the late 1940s."--Mike Conway, author of The Origins of Television News in America: The Visualizers of CBS in the 1940s
£20.89
John Wiley & Sons Inc Digital Audio Broadcasting
Book SynopsisDigital Audio Broadcasting revised with the latest standards and updates of all new developments The new digital broadcast system family is very different from existing conventional broadcast systems. It is standardised in a large number of documents (from ITU-R, ISO/IEC, ETSI, EBU, and others) which are often difficult to read. This book offers a comprehensive and fully updated overview of Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB, DAB+) and Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB), and related services and applications. Furthermore, the authors continue to build upon the topics of the previous editions, including audio coding, data services, receiver techniques, frequencies, and many others. There are several new sections in the book, which would be otherwise difficult to locate from various sources. Key Features: The contents have been significantly updated from the second edition, including up-to-date coverage of the latest standards Table of ContentsList of contributors. Prefaces. Foreword. Abbreviations. 1 Introduction. 1.1 General. 1.2 Radio in the Digital Age. 1.3 Benefits of the Eureka 147 DAB Systems Family. 1.4 History of the Origins of DAB. 1.5 International Standardisation. 1.6 Relations to Other Digital Broadcasting Systems. 2 System Concept. 2.1 The Physical Channel. 2.2 The DAB Transmission System. 2.3 The DAB Multiplex. 2.4 Conditional Access. 2.5 Service Information. 3 Audio Services and Applications. 3.1 General. 3.2 Audio Coding and Decoding. 3.3 Characteristics of DAB Audio Coding. 3.4 DAB+ Coding Schemes. 3.5 Programme-associated Data. 3.6 Multichannel Audio with DAB. 3.7 Other Advanced Audio Application. 3.8 Quality of Service. 3.9 Audio Levels. 4 Data Services and Applications. 4.1 General. 4.2 Data Application Signalling and Access. 4.3 The Multimedia Object Transfer Protocol. 4.4 Standardised MOT User Applications. 4.5 Text Based Services. 4.6 Traffic Information Services and Navigation Aids. 4.7 Other Data Transmission Mechanisms. 5 Provision of Services. 5.1 The DAB Service Landscape. 5.2 Use of Existing Infrastructures. 5.3 Need for New Infrastructure. 5.4 Relationship between DAB Data Services and RDS. 5.5 Electronic Programme Guide (EPG) for DAB. 5.6 Possible New Audio Services. 6 Collection and Distribution Networks. 6.1 General. 6.2 The Collection Network. 6.3 The Distribution Network. 6.4 Example of Implementation. 7 The Broadcast Side. 7.1 General. 7.2 Introduction to DAB Networks. 7.3 Particularities of Single Frequency Networks (SFNs). 7.4 DAB Transmitters. 7.5 Radio Frequency Propagation Aspects. 7.6 Coverage Planning. 7.7 Coverage Evaluation and Monitoring of SFNs. 7.8 Frequency Management. 8 The Receiving Side. 8.1 General. 8.2 RF Front-end. 8.3 Digital Baseband Processing. 8.4 Audio Decoder. 8.5 Interfaces. 8.6 Integrated Circuits for DAB. 8.7 Receiver Overview. 8.8 Receiver Features. 9 Mobile Television and Multimedia. 9.1 Overview. 9.2 DAB - DMB. 9.3 DAB- IPDC. 9.4 Application Standardisation. 9.5 Conclusions. Appendix 1 DAB Parameters for Modes I, II, III and IV. Appendix 2 Frequencies for Terrestrial and Satellite DAB Transmission. Appendix 3 DAB System Protocol Stack. Bibliography. Index.
£107.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Cellular Technologies for Emerging Markets
Book SynopsisIn this book, the author addresses technologies that are being used in emerging cellular markets. These include GSM/EGPRS and CDMA which are being deployed at a rapid pace, while technologies such as UMTS (3G)/ HSPA (3.5G) which have started to find a place in these high growth markets, are also considered. The book examines other technologies including LTE (3.9G) which have already moved out of research labs into the commercial world. 2G-CDMA is widely used, while further developments, e.g. CDMA2000 are also finding acceptance in the commercial arena. IMS/Convergence is increasingly popular all over the world; UMA, which is deployed mostly in North America; and DVB which is gaining worldwide popularity, especially in South Asia, are all reviewed. Each chapter discusses a different technology and is structured into three parts. The technology is examined at an overview level, first explaining what the technology is and then considering the technical features of the teTrade Review"Useful for all cellular industry professionals as provides an overview of the currently deployed technologies in mass scale, and the forthcoming technologies that are expected to make an impact in the future, such as 4th Generation Cellular Networks." (IP Communication, 31 October 2010)Table of ContentsForeword 1: Role of Technology in Emerging Markets. Foreword 2: Connecting the Unconnected. Preface. Acknowledgements. 1 Cellular Technology in Emerging Markets. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 ICT in Emerging Markets. 1.3 Cellular Technologies. 1.4 Overview of Some Key Technologies. 1.5 Future Direction. 2 GSM and EGPRS. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 GSM Technology. 2.3 Network Planning in the GSM Network. 2.4 EGPRS Technology. 2.5 EGPRS Network Design and Optimization. 3 UMTS. 3.1 The 3G Evolution – UMTS. 3.2 UMTS Services and Applications. 3.3 UMTS Bearer Service QoS Parameters. 3.4 QoS Classes. 3.5 WCDMA Concepts. 3.6 ATM. 3.7 Protocol Stack. 3.8 WCDMA Network Architecture – Radio and Core. 3.9 Network Planning in 3G. 3.10 Network Optimization. 4 CDMA. 4.1 Introduction to CDMA. 4.2 CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access. 4.3 Spread Spectrum Technique. 4.4 Codes in CDMA System. 4.5 Link Structure. 4.6 Radio Resource Management. 4.7 Planning a CDMA Network. 4.8 CDMA2000. 4.9 TD-SCDMA. 5 HSPA and LTE. 5.1 HSPA (High Speed Packet Access). 5.2 HSDPA Technology. 5.3 HSDPA Channels. 5.4 Dimensioning in HSDPA. 5.5 Radio Resource Management in HSDPA. 5.6 High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA). 5.7 HSUPA Channels. 5.8 HSUPA Radio Resource Management. 5.9 HSPA Network Dimensioning. 5.10 LTE (Long Term Evolution). 5.11 LTE Technology. 5.12 Radio Resource Management. 5.13 Security in LTE. 6 OFDM and All-IP. 6.1 Introduction to OFDM. 6.2 OFDM Principles. 6.3 MIMO Technology. 6.4 OFDM System. 6.5 Design of OFDM Channel. 6.6 Multi-User OFDM Environment. 6.7 All-IP Networks. 6.8 Architecture of All-IP Networks. 7 Broadband Wireless Access: WLAN, Wi-Fi and WiMAX. 7.1 Wireless Technology Differentiation. 7.2 Wireless LAN. 7.3 Wi-Fi Networks. 7.4 WiMAX Networks. 8 Convergence and IP Multimedia Sub-System. 8.1 Introduction to Convergence. 8.2 Key Aspects of Convergent Systems. 8.3 Architecture in Convergent Networks. 8.4 IMS. 8.5 IMS Architecture. 8.6 IMS Security System. 8.7 IMS Charging. 8.8 Service Provisioning in IMS. 9 Unlicensed Mobile Access. 9.1 Introduction to UMA. 9.2 Working on UMA Network. 9.3 Architecture of UMA. 9.4 Up Interface in UMA. 9.5 Protocols in UMA. 9.6 Security Mechanism of UMA. 9.7 Identifiers and Cell Identifiers in UMA. 9.8 Mode and PLMN Selection. 9.9 UMAN Discovery and Registration Procedures. 9.10 UNC Blocks. 9.11 Comparison between Femtocells and UMA. 9.12 Conclusion. 10 DVB-H. 10.1 Mobile Television. 10.2 Introduction to DVB. 10.3 DVB-H Ecosystem. 10.4 DVB-H System Technology. 10.5 DVB-H Network Architecture. 10.6 DVB-H Network Topologies. 10.7 Network Design in the DVB-H Network. Appendix A VAS Applications. A.1 Multimedia Messaging Service. A.2 Push-to-Talk over Cellular. A.3 Streaming Service. A.4 Short Message Service. A.5 Wireless Application Protocol. Appendix B Energy in Telecommunications. B.1 The Solution Exists – But It’s Not Very Good. B.2 Renewable Energy – a Better Solution. B.3 The Optimal Design for a Base Station Site. B.4 Business Case for Renewable Energy in Mobile Base Station Sites. B.5 Effects of Climate Change on Mobile Networks. Bibliography. Index.
£80.96
John Wiley & Sons Inc GSM UMTS The Creation of Global Mobile
Book SynopsisThis text provides a technical history of the development of GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) standards and the early evolution of UMTS (Univerisal Mobile Telecommunicaitons System). It presents background information and descriptions of the technical features of the GSM standards.Trade Review"a useful source of reference" (World Surface Coatings Abstracts, January 2002) "The author has done GSM industry a great service with this book-without it in twenty years time no one would remember anything about the early days of GSM." (GSM Daily)Table of ContentsGSM's Achievements (Friedhelm Hillebrand). The Agreement on the Concepts and the Basic Parameter of the GSM Standard (Mid-1982 to Mid-1987) (Thomas Haug, Philippe Dupuis and Stephen Temple). The Detailed Specification Work Leading to the GSM Phase 1 Standard used for the Opening of Service (1987-1991) (Thomas Haug). Consolidating GSM Phase 1 and Evolving the Services and System Features to GSM Phase 2 in ETSI SMG (1992-1995) (Philippe Dupuis). Evolving the Services and System features to Generation 2.5 by the GSM Phase 2+ Program (1993-2000) (Phillipe Dupuis, Friedhelm Hillebrand and Ansgar Bergmann). GSM Goes to North America (Don Zelmer). The UMTS Related Work of the European Commsiions, UMTS Taskforce, UMTS Forum and GSM Association (Joao da Silva, Ruprecht Niepold, Bosco Fernandez, Thomas Beijer and Josef Huber). The UMTS Standardisation Work in ETSI (Philippe Dupuis and Friedhelm Hillebrand). The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (Karl Heinz Rosenbrock and Niels P.S. Andersen). Services and Services' Capabilities (Friedhelm Hillebrand and Alan Cox). System Architecture Evolution (Michel Mouly). Radio Aspects (Didier Verhulst and Michael Färber). The Subscriber Identity Module: Past, Present anf Future (Klaus Vedder). Voice Codes (Kari Järvinen). Security Aspects (Mike Walker and Timothy Wright). Short Message and Data Service (Friedhelm Hillebrand, Kevin Holley, Wolfgang Roth and Jürgen Baumann). Mobile Stations Type Appproval (Remi Thomas and David Barnes). Operations and Maintenance (Gisela Hertel). Professional Technical Support and its Evolution (Bernard Mallinder, Ansgar Bergmann and Adrian Scrase). Working Methods and their Evolution (Ansgar Bergmann). The Contributions of the GSM Association (Renzo Failli, George Schmitt, Arne Foxman, Petter Bliksrud, Armin Toepfer, Michael Giessler and Neil Lilly). GSM and UMTS Acceptance in the World (Friedhelm Hillebrand and Bernd Eylert). GSM Success Factors (Friedhelm Hillebrand). Appendices. Index. List of Authors.
£190.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Integrated Active Antennas and Spatial Power
Book SynopsisThis is the only book currently available that covers this subject. The authors piece together information from diverse areas which is essential to understand integrated and integrated active antennas. Emphasis is placed on active antennas and power combining applications, consolidating the work from numerous researchers.Table of ContentsOscillators and Synchronization. Antennas and Arrays. Power Combining. Integrated and Active Antenna Testing. Active Antennas: Early Work Before 1987. Active Microstrip Patch Antennas and Power Combining. Integrated and Active Grids. Endfire Notches and Other Slotline Active Antennas. Integrated and Active Inverted Stripline Antennas and Other Active Antenna Configurations. Integrated Antennas with Passive Solid-State Devices. Beam Steering for Active Antenna Arrays and Spatial Power Combiners. Index.
£173.66
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Cellular Connection
Book SynopsisHow to choose cellular service wisely and become an adept cellular user Keeping in touch via cellular is increasingly vital in today's fast--paced world. The technology now boasts over 50 million subscribers, and that figure is expected to double in the next five years.Table of ContentsAn Introduction to Cellular Phone Systems. Cellular Phone Equipment. The Business of Cellular Phones. Getting Cellular Service. The Bill, Please. Hello, Ma? It's Me! Roaming. Mobile and Transportable Phones. Options and Accessories. Dealing With Operational Difficulties. Safety and Security. Into the Future. Glossary. Index.
£62.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Infrared Technology
Book SynopsisA complete reference guide to the theory, design, and applications of infrared technology Rapid advances in infrared (IR), photonic, and electrooptic technologies have given rise to sophisticated sensors with important commercial, industrial, and military applications-from remote sensing, surveillance, and high-resolution TV to home security systems. This book provides scientists and engineers with a comprehensive, state-of-the-art guide to the analysis and development of IR, photonic, and electrooptical devices and systems for specific applications. Well-known industry expert A. R. Jha compiles and consolidates the latest data on IR sources and systems, presenting fully referenced technical information plus numerical examples illustrating performance parameters and design aspects for an amazingly broad array of applications. Basic IR theory is also provided. Coverage includes: * Transmission characteristics of optical signals through the atmosphere, including effects of sTable of ContentsInfrared Radiation Theory. Transmission Characteristics of IR Signals in Atmosphere. Potential IR Sources. Detectors and Focal Planar Arrays. Infrared Passive Devices and Electrooptic Components. IR Active Devices and Components. Application of Infrared and Photonic Technologies in Commercial and Industrial Devices and Systems. Application of Infrared and Photonic Technologies in Medicine, Telecommunications, and Space. Application of Photonic and Infrared Technologies for Space and Military Sensors. IR Signature Analysis and Countermeasure Techniques. Future Applications of IR and Photonic Technologies and Requirements for Auxiliary Equipment. Index.
£228.56
Wiley RF and Microwave Wireless Systems 65 Wiley Series in Microwave and Optical Engineering
Book SynopsisUnderlying some of the hottest technologies of the new millennium, radio frequency (RF) and microwave wireless systems rapidly propel us toward a future in which the transmission of voice and data communications will be possible anywhere in the world through the use of simple, handheld devices.Trade Review"Chang provides a comprehensive introduction to the engineering design and analysis of the hardware components used in such wireless systems.... Recommended for libraries associated with electrical engineering programs. Upper-division undergraduates; professionals." (Choice, Vol. 38, No. 8, April 2001) "This is one book that I was immediately impressed with...and I have loaned it to numerous colleagues and new RF engineers...very well written in a concise...manner...the illustrations and explanations are the best I've ever seen....I highly recommend this book. It will serve the RF engineer for many years to come." (MTT Microwaves Magazine, September 2001)Table of ContentsReview of Waves and Transmission Lines. Antenna Systems. Various Components and Their System Parameters. Receiver System Parameters. Transmitter and Oscillator Systems. Radar and Sensor Systems. Wireless Communication Systems. Modulation and Demodulation. Multiple-Access Techniques. Other Wireless Systems. Index.
£136.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Semiconductor Devices
Book SynopsisThis introductory text designed for the first course in semiconductor physics presents a well-balanced coverage of semiconductor physics and device operation and shows how devices are optimized for applications. The text begins with an exploration of the basic physical processes upon which all semiconductor devices?diodes, transistor, light emitters, and detectors?are based. Topics such as bandstructure, effective masses, holes, doping, carrier transport and lifetimes are discussed. Next, the author focuses on the operation of the important semiconductor devices along with issues relating to the optimization of device performance. Issues such as how doping, device dimensions, and parasitic effects influence device operation are also included.The book is appropriate for the following courses: Device Physics; Semiconductor Devices; Device Electronics; Physics of Semiconductor Devices; Integrated Circuit Devices; Device Electronics: Solid State Devices.Table of ContentsElectrons in Solids. Electrons in Semiconductors. Carrier Dynamics in Semiconductors. Processing of Devices: A Review. Junctions in Semiconductors: P-N Diodes. Semiconductor Junctions with Metals and Insulators. Bipolar Junction Transistors. Field Effect Transistors: JFET/MESFET. Field Effect Transistors: MOSFET. MOSFET: Technology Driver. Semiconductor Optoelectronics. Appendices. Index.
£183.35
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Cellular Radio Handbook A Reference for
Book SynopsisThe fourth edition of this handbook has been fully updated to incorporate the latest developments in the field.Trade Review"Boucher...updates the 1995 edition of his substantial reference...He has maintained the original format...but here takes more of a digital perspective and incorporates new technologies that are shaping the direction of the industry." (SciTech Book News Vol. 25, No. 2 June 2001)Table of ContentsPreface to the Fourth Edition. About the Author. What is Cellular Radio? World System Standards--A History. Basic Radio. Planning--An Essential Network Function. Cell Site Selection and System Design. Radio Survey. Cellular Radio Interference. Cell Plans. Units and Concepts of Field Strength. Filters and Combiners. Cellular Repeaters. Antennas. Cellular Links. Base-Station Maintenance. Base-Station Control and Signaling. Power and Distribution. Protection and Grounding. Trunking. Switching. Traffic Engineering Concepts. Mobiles. Tower and Masts. Installations. Equipment Shelters. Budgets. Billing Systems. Marketing. Fraud. Data Over Cellular. Privacy. Rural and Offshore Applications of Cellular Radio. Interconnection. Preparing Invitations to Tender. Modulation/Demodulation Methods. Noise and Noise Performance. Digital Cellular. GSM Pan-European Cellular. DAMPS. NAMPS. E-TDMA. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Japanese Digital. Satellite Mobile Systems. Cordless Telephone Technologies. iDEN. Wireless Local Loop. The Technology. Coding, Formats, and Error Correction. Digital Modulation. Other Mobile Products. Safety Issues. Buying Used Hardware. Appendix A: RF Propagation Routine Appendix B: ISO Model. Appendix C: Amplifier Classes. Appendix D: 911 Location Requirements. Appendix E: Distortion and Noise. Appendix F: Recommended Further Reading and Sources of Information. Appendix G: Internet Protocols. Appendix H: Erlang B and C Tables. Appendix I: Conversion of Units Used for Cellular RF. Appendix J: Country Codes. Glossary. Index.
£197.96
Wiley Microwave Radio Links
Book SynopsisAfter a period when optical links appeared to become the solution to all transmission problems, the ongoing revolution in the telecommunications sector and the advances in technology have brought microwave links back to center stage. * Detailed comparison of ITU (International Telecommunications Union) and North American frequency hierarchies, an important topic that has been inadequatly covered * Contains end -of-chapter problem sets and a solutions manual Includes extensive discussion of error control codesTrade Review“This newly revised edition of the classic Artech House book, “Microwave Radio Transmission Design”, provides a current, comprehensive treatment of the subject with a focus on applying practical knowledge to real-world networks . . . This practical book offers proven advice that helps save engineers time and money when developing new networks, and reduces the risk of encountering problems during design and planning.” (Voip-video, 11 November 2012) "This book introduces the reader to the principles and the design of microwave links." (Microwave Journal, May 2003)Table of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. Preface. Acknowledgments. Introduction. Propagation. Fading. Analog Links. Digital Links. Error Control Codes. Link Design. Appendix A: Detailed Frequency Plans. Appendix B: Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Angle Modulation. Appendix C: Costs. Appendix D: Link Calculations. Index.
£125.96
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Application of Programmable DSPs in Mobile
Book SynopsisDigital Signal Processors (DSPs) are unique microprocessors that are programmable and operate in real time - much faster than general-purpose microprocessors. This text examines them in relation to mobile communications.Table of ContentsBiographies xiii List of Contributors xv 1 Introduction 1 Edgar Auslander and Alan Gatherer 1.1 It’s a Personal Matter 2 1.2 The Super Phone? 3 1.3 New Services 6 1.4 The Curse and Opportunity of Moore’s Law 8 1.5 The Book 9 2 The History of DSP Based Architectures in Second Generation Cellular Handsets 11 Alan Gatherer, Trudy Stetzler and Edgar Auslander 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 A History of Cellular Standards and Wireless Handset Architectures 11 2.2.1 1G and 2G Standards 11 2.2.2 2.5G and 3G Standards 12 2.2.3 Architecture Evolution 14 2.3 Trends in Low Power DSPs 17 2.3.1 Process Improvement 17 2.3.2 Instruction Set Enhancement 19 2.3.3 Power Management 21 References 21 3 The Role of Programmable DSPs in Dual Mode (2G and 3G) Handsets 23 Chaitali Sengupta, Nicolas Veau, Sundararajan Sriram, Zhenguo Gu and Paul Folacci 3.1 Introduction 23 3.2 The Wireless Standards 24 3.3 A Generic FDD DS Digital Baseband (DBB) Functional View 25 3.4 Functional Description of a Dual-Mode System 28 3.5 Complexity Analysis and HW/SW Partitioning 29 3.5.1 2G/3G Digital Baseband Processing Optimized Partitioning 31 3.6 Hardware Design Approaches 32 3.6.1 Design Considerations: Centralized vs. Distributed Architectures 32 3.6.2 The Coprocessor Approach 33 3.6.3 Role of DSP in 2G and Dual-Mode 37 3.7 Software Processing and Interface with Higher Layers 38 3.8 Summary 39 3.9 Abbreviations 39 References 40 4 Programmable DSPs for 3G Base Station Modems 41 Dale Hocevar, Pierre Bertrand, Eric Biscondi, Alan Gatherer, Frank Honore, Armelle Laine, Simon Morris, Sriram Sundararajan and Tod Wolf 4.1 Introduction 41 4.2 Overview of 3G Base Stations: Requirements 42 4.2.1 Introduction 42 4.2.2 General Requirements 42 4.2.3 Fundamental CDMA Base Station Base Band Processing 43 4.2.4 Symbol-Rate (SR) Processing 44 4.2.5 Chip-Rate (CR) Processing 44 4.3 System Analysis 46 4.3.1 SR Processing Analysis 46 4.3.2 CR Processing Analysis 46 4.4 Flexible Coprocessor Solutions 48 4.4.1 Viterbi Convolutional Decoder Coprocessor 48 4.4.2 Turbo Decoder Coprocessor 50 4.4.3 Correlator Coprocessor 52 4.5 Summary and Conclusions 54 5 The Use of Programmable DSPs in Antenna Array Processing 57 Matthew Bromberg and Donald R. Brown 5.1 Introduction 57 5.2 Antenna Array Signal Model 58 5.3 Linear Beamforming Techniques 62 5.3.1 Maximum Likelihood Derivation 62 5.3.2 Least Mean Square Adaptation 66 5.3.3 Least Squares Processing 67 5.3.4 Blind Signal Adaptation 71 5.3.5 Subspace Constraints 73 5.3.6 Exploiting Cyclostationarity 75 5.3.7 Transmit Beamformer Techniques 77 5.4 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Signal Extraction 83 5.4.1 MIMO Linear System Model 83 5.4.2 Capacity of MIMO Communication Channels 86 5.4.3 Linear Estimation of Desired Signals in MIMO Communication Systems 87 5.4.4 Non-linear Estimation of Desired Signals in MIMO Communication Systems 90 5.4.5 Conclusions 93 References 93 6 The Challenges of Software-Defined Radio 97 Carl Panasik and Chaitali Sengupta 6.1 Cellular Communications Standards 98 6.2 What is SDR? 98 6.3 Digitizing Today’s Analog Operations 101 6.4 Implementation Challenges 103 6.5 Analog and ADC Issues 103 6.6 Channel Filter 104 6.7 Delta-Sigma ADC 104 6.8 Conclusion 105 References 105 7 Enabling Multimedia Applications in 2.5G and 3G Wireless Terminals: Challenges and Solutions 107 Edgar Auslander, Madhukar Budagavi, Jamil Chaoui, Ken Cyr, Jean-Pierre Giacalone, Sebastien de Gregorio, Yves Masse, Yeshwant Muthusamy, Tiemen Spits and Jennifer Webb 7.1 Introduction 107 7.1.1 ‘‘DSPs take the RISC’’ 107 7.2 OMAP H/W Architecture 111 7.2.1 Architecture Description 111 7.2.2 Advantages of a Combined RISC/DSP Architecture 113 7.2.3 TMS320C55x and Multimedia Extensions 113 7.3 OMAP S/W Architecture 114 7.4 OMAP Multimedia Applications 116 7.4.1 Video 116 7.4.2 Speech Applications 116 7.5 Conclusion 117 Further Reading 117 8 A Flexible Distributed Java Environment for Wireless PDA Architectures Based on DSP Technology 119 Gilbert Cabillic, Jean-Philippe Lesot, Frédéric Parain, Michel Banâtre, Valérie Issarny, Teresa Higuera, Gérard Chauvel, Serge Lasserre and Dominique D’Inverno 8.1 Introduction 119 8.2 Java and Energy: Analyzing the Challenge 120 8.2.1 Analysis of Java Opcodes 120 8.2.2 Analyzing Application Behavior 121 8.2.3 Analysis 125 8.3 A Modular Java Virtual Machine 127 8.3.1 Java Implantation Possibilities 127 8.3.2 Approach: a Modular Java Environment 129 8.3.3 Comparison with Existing Java Environments 131 8.4 Ongoing Work on Scratchy 132 8.4.1 Multi-Application Management 133 8.4.2 Managing the Processor’s Heterogeneity and Architecture 133 8.4.3 Distribution of Tasks and Management of Soft Real-Time Constraints 133 8.4.4 Energy Management 133 8.5 Conclusion 133 References 134 9 Speech Coding Standards in Mobile Communications 137 Erdal Paksoy, Vishu Viswanathan and Alan McCree 9.1 Introduction 137 9.2 Speech Coder Attributes 138 9.3 Speech Coding Basics 139 9.3.1 Waveform Coders 141 9.3.2 Parametric Coders 141 9.3.3 Linear Predictive Analysis-by-Synthesis 143 9.3.4 Postfiltering 146 9.3.5 Vad/dtx 146 9.3.6 Channel Coding 146 9.4 Speech Coding Standards 147 9.4.1 ITU-T Standards 147 9.4.2 Digital Cellular Standards 148 9.4.3 Wideband Standards 152 9.5 Speech Coder Implementation 153 9.5.1 Specification and Conformance Testing 153 9.5.2 ETSI/ITU Fixed-Point c 154 9.5.3 DSP Implementation 155 9.6 Conclusion 155 Acknowledgements 156 References 156 10 Speech Recognition Solutions for Wireless Devices 160 Yeshwant Muthusamy, Yu-Hung Kao and Yifan Gong 10.1 Introduction 160 10.2 DSP Based Speech Recognition Technology 160 10.2.1 Problem: Handling Dynamic Vocabulary 161 10.2.2 Solution: DSP-GPP Split 161 10.3 Overview of Texas Instruments DSP Based Speech Recognizers 161 10.3.1 Speech Recognition Algorithms Supported 161 10.3.2 Speech Databases Used 161 10.3.3 Speech Recognition Portfolio 162 10.4 TIESR Details 165 10.4.1 Distinctive Features 165 10.4.2 Grammar Parsing and Model Creation 166 10.4.3 Fixed-Point Implementation Issues 167 10.4.4 Software Design Issues 168 10.5 Speech-Enabled Wireless Application Prototypes 168 10.5.1 Hierarchical Organization of APIs 169 10.5.2 InfoPhone 171 10.5.3 Voice E-mail 172 10.5.4 Voice Navigation 173 10.5.5 Voice-Enabled Web Browsing 174 10.6 Summary and Conclusions 175 References 176 11 Video and Audio Coding for Mobile Applications 179 Jennifer Webb and Chuck Lueck 11.1 Introduction 179 11.2 Video 181 11.2.1 Video Coding Overview 182 11.2.2 Video Compression Standards 186 11.2.3 Video Coding on DSPs 187 11.2.4 Considerations for Mobile Applications 188 11.3 Audio 190 11.3.1 Audio Coding Overview 191 11.3.2 Audio Compression Standards 193 11.3.3 Audio Coding on DSPs 195 11.3.4 Considerations for Mobile Applications 196 11.4 Audio and Video Decode on a DSP 198 References 200 12 Security Paradigm for Mobile Terminals 201 Edgar Auslander, Jerome Azema, Alain Chateau and Loic Hamon 12.1 Mobile Commerce General Environment 202 12.2 Secure Platform Definition 203 12.2.1 Security Paradigm Alternatives 204 12.2.2 Secure Platform Software Component 204 12.2.3 Secure Platform Hardware Component 205 12.3 Software Based Security Component 205 12.3.1 Java and Security 205 12.3.2 Definition 205 12.3.3 Features for Security 206 12.3.4 Dependency on OS 207 12.4 Hardware Based Security Component: Distributed Security 207 12.4.1 Secure Mode Description 208 12.4.2 Key Management 210 12.4.3 Data Encryption and Hashing 211 12.4.4 Distributed Security Architecture 212 12.4.5 Tampering Protection 213 12.5 Secure Platform in Digital Base Band Controller/MODEM 214 12.6 Secure Platform in Application Platform 215 12.7 Conclusion 215 13 Biometric Systems Applied To Mobile Communications 217 Dale R. Setlak and Lorin Netsch 13.1 Introduction 217 13.2 The Speaker Verification Task 219 13.2.1 Speaker Verification Processing Overview 219 13.2.2 DSP-Based Embedded Speaker Verification 224 13.3 Live Fingerprint Recognition Systems 225 13.3.1 Overview 225 13.3.2 Mobile Application Characterization 226 13.3.3 Concept of Operations 226 13.3.4 Critical Performance Metrics 228 13.3.5 Basic Elements of the Fingerprint System 233 13.3.6 Prototype Implementation 247 13.3.7 Prototype System Processing 248 13.4 Conclusions 251 References 251 14 The Role of Programmable DSPs in Digital Radio 253 Trudy Stetzler and Gavin Ferris 14.1 Introduction 253 14.2 Digital Transmission Methods 254 14.3 Eureka-147 System 255 14.3.1 System Description 255 14.3.2 Transmission Signal Generation 262 14.3.3 Receiver Description 265 14.4 Iboc 279 14.5 Satellite Systems 284 14.6 Conclusion 285 References 286 15 Benchmarking DSP Architectures for Low Power Applications 287 David Hwang, Cimarron Mittelsteadt and Ingrid Verbauwhede 15.1 Introduction 287 15.2 LPC Speech Codec Algorithm 288 15.2.1 Segmentation 288 15.2.2 Silence Detection 288 15.2.3 Pitch Detection Algorithm 289 15.2.4 LPC Analysis – Vocal Tract Modeling 289 15.2.5 Bookkeeping 290 15.3 Design Methodology 290 15.3.1 Floating-Point to Fixed-Point Conversion 290 15.3.2 Division Algorithm 292 15.3.3 Hardware Allocation 293 15.4 Platforms 293 15.4.1 Texas Instruments TI C54x 293 15.4.2 Texas Instruments TI C55x 294 15.4.3 Texas Instruments TI C6x 294 15.4.4 Ocapi 294 15.4.5 A|RT Designer 294 15.5 Final Results 294 15.5.1 Area Estimate 295 15.5.2 Power Estimate 295 15.6 Conclusions 297 Acknowledgements 298 References 298 16 Low Power Sensor Networks 299 Alice Wang, Rex Min, Masayuki Miyazaki, Amit Sinha and Anantha Chandrakasan 16.1 Introduction 299 16.2 Power-Aware Node Architecture 300 16.3 Hardware Design Issues 302 16.3.1 Processor Energy Model 303 16.3.2 Dvs 304 16.3.3 Leakage Considerations 306 16.4 Signal Processing in the Network 311 16.4.1 Optimizing Protocols 312 16.4.2 Energy-Efficient System Partitioning 313 16.5 Signal Processing Algorithms 317 16.5.1 Energy–Agile Filtering 318 16.5.2 Energy–Agile Data Aggregation 319 16.6 Signal Processing Architectures 320 16.6.1 Variable-Length Filtering 321 16.6.2 Variable Precision Architecture 322 16.7 Conclusions 324 References 324 17 The Pleiades Architecture 327 Arthur Abnous, Hui Zhang, Marlene Wan, George Varghese, Vandana Prabhu, Jan Rabaey 17.1 Goals and General Approach 327 17.2 The Pleiades Platform – The Architecture Template 329 17.3 The Control Processor 331 17.4 Satellite Processors 332 17.5 Communication Network 334 17.6 Reconfiguration 338 17.7 Distributed Data-Driven Control 339 17.7.1 Control Mechanism for Handling Data Structures 342 17.7.2 Summary 345 17.8 The Pleiades Design Methodology 345 17.9 The P1 Prototype 348 17.9.1 P1 Benchmark Study 350 17.10 The Maia Processor 352 17.10.1 Control Processor 353 17.10.2 Address Generator Processor 353 17.10.3 Memory Units 354 17.10.4 Multiply-Accumulate Unit 354 17.10.5 Arithmetic/Logic Unit 354 17.10.6 Embedded FPGA 354 17.10.7 Maia Results 355 17.11 Summary 357 References 358 18 Application Specific Instruction Set Architecture Extensions for DSPs 361 Jean-Pierre Giacalone 18.1 The Need for Instruction Set Extensibility in a Signal Processor 361 18.2 ISA Extension Capability of the TMS320C55x Processor 362 18.2.1 Control Modes 364 18.2.2 Dataflow Modes 366 18.2.3 Typical C55x Extension Datapath Architecture 367 18.2.4 Integration in Software Development Tools 370 18.3 Domains of Applications and Practical Examples 372 18.4 ISA Extensions Design Flow 376 References 377 19 The Pointing Wireless Device for Delivery of Location Based Applications 379 Pamela Kerwin, John Ellenby and Jeffrey Jay 19.1 Next Generation Wireless Devices 379 19.2 The Platform 379 19.3 New Multimedia Applications 379 19.4 Location Based Information 380 19.5 Using Devices to Summon Information 380 19.6 Pointing to the Real World 380 19.7 Pointing Greatly Simplifies the User Interface 381 19.8 Uses of Pointing 382 19.9 Software Architecture 382 19.9.1 Introduction 382 19.9.2 Assumptions 382 19.9.3 Overview 383 19.9.4 Alternatives 383 19.10 Use of the DSP in the Pointing System 383 19.11 Pointing Enhanced Location Applications 384 19.11.1 Pedestrian Guidance 385 19.11.2 Pull Advertising 386 19.11.3 Entertainment 386 19.12 Benefits of Pointing 387 19.12.1 Wireless Yellow Pages 387 19.12.2 Internationalization 387 19.12.3 GIS Applications 387 19.12.4 Entertainment and Gaming 388 19.12.5 Visual Aiding and Digital Albums 388 19.13 Recommended Data Standardization 388 19.13.1 Consideration of Current Standards Efforts 388 19.13.2 Device Data Types and Tiered Services 388 19.13.3 Data Specifications 389 19.13.4 Data Format 391 19.13.5 Is it Sufficient? 393 19.14 Conclusion 393 Index 395
£154.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc CDMA Access and Switching for Terrestrial and
Book SynopsisCDMA is an integral part of next generation wireless communications. This work covers both CDMA and TDMA-based satellite communications. It provides an overview of related satellite systems and services and presents research and designs of spectrally efficient systems.Trade Review"...a useful companion for broadcast developers and researchers..." (EBU Technical Review, 24 September 2002)Table of ContentsPreface. The Generalized CDMA. Spreading Sequences. Switched CDMA Networks. Code Division Switching. The Satellite Switched CDMA Throughput. The Spectrally Efficient CDMA Performance. Network Access and Synchronization. Carrier Recovery for 'Sub-Coherent' CDMA. Nonlinear Amplification of Synchronous CDMA. Optimization Techniques for 'Pseudo-Orthogonal' CDMA. Index.
£181.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Wireless Flexible Personalised Communications
Book SynopsisRecent years have witnessed an explosion of new operators and customers of cellular mobile communications and the importance of wireless/mobile communications in todaya s telecommunications industry is indisputable.Trade Review"The final report of the COST 259 project that explored radio system aspect for flexible personalized communication capable of delivering...services on different bandwidths...new modeling techniques...related planing tools...across a number of different environments." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 25, No. 3, September 2001)Table of ContentsPreface vii Table of Contents ix List of Acronyms xii I Introduction 1 1.1 Evolution of Wireless/Mobile Communication 1 1.2 Description of COST 259 7 1.3 References 12 2 Radio Systems Aspects 13 2.1 OFDM and Frequency Domain Techniques 14 2.1.1. Introduction 14 2.1.2. Alternative forms 17 2.1.3. Modulation and demodulation 24 2.1.4. Channel coding 26 2.1.5. Multiple access schemes 29 2.1.6. Amplitude limitation 29 2.1.7. Intercell interference 30 2.1.8. Synchronization 31 2.2 CDMA 43 2.2.1. Introduction 43 2.2.2. RAKE receivers 44 2.2.3. Linear and non-linear interference cancellation 45 2.2.4. Coding and modulation 47 2.2.5. Smart antennas 49 2.2.6. Parameter estimation 50 2.2.7. Demonstrators 51 2.2.8. Summary and conclusions 51 2.3 Modulation and Coding 51 2.3.1. Linear modulation 52 2.3.2. Non-linear modulation 53 2.3.3. FEC coding techniques 55 2.3.4. Equalization 58 2.3.5 Adaptive coding and modulation 59 2.4. DECT and Adaptive Sampling 62 2.4.1. Introduction and motivation 62 2.4.2. Principle of adaptive sampling 63 2.4.3. Determination of optimum sampling time 64 2.4.4. Non-linear receiver structures 65 2.4.5. Summary and conclusions 66 2.5 References 66 3 Antennas and Propagation 77 3.1. General Aspects of Propagation 78 3.1.1. Statistical and empirical modelling 79 3.1.2. Propagation measurements and channel sounders 112 3.1.3. Deterministic modelling 132 3.2 Directional Channel Modelling 148 3.2.1. Modelling concept 149 3.2.2. Outdoor measurements results 160 3.2.3. Indoor measurements results 171 3.2.4. Parameter settings 178 3.3. Smart Antennas 194 3.3.1. Introduction 194 3.3.2. Space and antenna diversity 197 3.3.3. Polarization diversity 201 3.3.4. Antenna arrays 203 3.4. Millimetre-wave Propagation 223 3.4.1. Path loss modeling 223 3.4.2. Wideband channel modeling 229 3.4.3. Impact of shaped lens antennas on the ChIR and cell coverage 239 3.5 Antennas for Mobile Phones 251 3.5.1 Communications performance 251 3.5.2. Standardized phone measurements 261 3.6. References 277 4 Network Aspects 307 4.1. Compatibility and Spectrum Efficiency 308 4.1.1. Spectral compatibility 308 4.1.2. Spectrum efficiency 314 4.2. Channel Allocation Strategies 327 4.2.1. Introduction 327 4.2.2. Concise data for automated frequency planning 330 4.2.3. Fixed channel allocation using graph colouring 335 4.2.4. Fixed channel allocation maximizing assigned TRXs 336 4.2.5. Fixed channel allocation minimizing interference 337 4.2.6. Distributed dynamic channel allocation 346 4.2.7. Benchmarking frequency allocation strategies 348 4.3. Cellular Aspects 359 4.3.1. Cell modelling 359 4.3.2. Tele-traffic engineering 363 4.3.3. Hot spot location 373 4.3.4. Mobility models 377 4.4. Network Optimization 386 4.4.1. Handover, power control and direct retry 386 4.4.2. Frequency hopping for capacity enhancement 398 4.4.3. Quality and capacity enhancement by adaptive techniques 407 4.5. Planning Methods and Tools 412 4.5.1. Geographic data 412 4.5.2. Methods for optimized planning 415 4.5.3. UMTS planning 419 4.6 Efficient Protocols for High Data Rates 426 4.6.1. High data rate protocols: general aspects 427 4.6.2. Wireless ATM 428 4.6.3. Packet reservation multiple access 429 4.7 References 433 Annex I – List of Contributors 451 Annex II – List of Participating Institutions 453 Index 457
£165.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Fundamentals of Global Positioning System
Book SynopsisAll the expert guidance you need to understand, build, and operate GPS receivers The Second Edition of this acclaimed publication enables readers to understand and apply the complex operation principles of global positioning system (GPS) receivers.Trade Review"Recommended for libraries serving graduate engineering programs or specialists." (E-STREAMS, May 2005)Table of ContentsPreface. Preface to the First Edition. Chapter 1. Introduction. Chapter 2. Basic GPS Concept. Chapter 3. Satellite Constellation. Chapter 4. Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed Coordinate System. Chapter 5. GPS C/A Code Signal Structure. Chapter 6. Receiver Hardware Considerations. Chapter 7. Acquisition of GPSb C/A Code Signals. Chapter 8. Tracking GPS Signals. Chapter 9. GPS Software Receivers. Chapter 10. Acquisition of Weak Signals. Chapter 11. Tracking Weak Signals. Chapter 12. GPS Receiver-Related Subjects. Index.
£139.45
John Wiley & Sons Inc OverTheRoad Wireless for Dummies
Book SynopsisDo you roam the road making a living, or are you enjoying the nomadic life of a retiree with a motor home? Either way, life goes on no matter where you''re hanging your hat tonight. Bills still need to be paid, grandchildren grow up way too fast, and you''ve gotten pretty dependent on your e-mail. How do you stay connected to the rest of the world while you''re on the road? For a growing number of over-the-road drivers, business travelers, and RV enthusiasts, the answer is a wireless Internet connection. With a laptop and wireless access, you can Pay bills, check accounts, and handle banking online Send and receive e-mail Surf the Web Access your home PC Make inexpensive phone calls with VoIP Watch TV, download movies, and listen to satellite radio So, you say, I see people in movies popping open their laptops and getting online wherever they happen to be. It looks awfully easywhy do I need a book? WeTable of ContentsIntroduction. Part I: The Wonderful World of Wireless Fidelity. Chapter 1: Taking the Wi-Fi Highway. Chapter 2: Selecting a Standard. Chapter 3: Gearing Up. Chapter 4: Putting Your Gear Together. Part II: Surfing the Net Unplugged. Chapter 5: Spotting Hotspots. Chapter 6: Using Truck– and RV–Friendly Hotspots. Part III: Bridging the Wireless Gap. Chapter 7: Cellular Data Services: Can You Connect Me Now? Chapter 8: Reattaching the Wired Tether. Chapter 9: Sky-High Wi-Fi. Part IV: Securing Your Information. Chapter 10: Taking Common–Sense Steps to Security. Chapter 11: Encrypting Data. Chapter 12: Accessing Your Home PC Remotely. Part V: Taking Care of Business. Chapter 13: Talking Cheap with VoIP. Chapter 14: Managing the Over-the-Road Office. Part VI: Entertaining Electronics. Chapter 15: Extra-Terrestrial Radio. Chapter 16: Taking the Show on the Road. Part VII: The Part of Tens. Chapter 17: Ten Must–Have Travel Accessories. Chapter 18: Ten Fantastic Free Applications. Index.
£16.19
John Wiley & Sons Inc Mobile Radio Communications
Book SynopsisThis comprehensive all-in-one reference work covers the fundamentalphysical aspects of mobile communications and explains the latesttechniques employed in second and third generation digital cellularmobile radio systems. Mobile radio communications technology has progressed rapidly andit is now capable of the transmission of voice, data and imagesignals. This new edition reflects the current state-of-the-art byfeaturing: * Expanded and updated sections on voice compression techniques,interleaving and channel coding methods, quaternary frequency shiftkeying, continuous phase modulation methods, Viterbi equalisationand slow frequency hopping as well as extended coverage of the GSMsystem. * Three new chapters on wireless multimedia, third generationsystems and on WATM respectively As in the first edition, this latest volume continues to coverimportant topics such as radio propagation, multiple access methodsand, on a higher level, cordless telecommunicaTable of ContentsIntroduction to Digital Cellular Radio Mobile Radio Channels Speech Coding Channel Coding Quaternary Frequency Shift Coding Partial-response Modulation Frequency Hopping GSM Wireless QAM-based Multi-media Systems Third-Generation Systems Wireless ATM
£281.65
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Mobile Radio Propagation Channel
Book SynopsisThoroughly revised and updated, this second edition offers a fundamental and comprehensive treatment of how mobile systems operate in a variety of scenarios. This unrivalled approach concentrates on the properties of the radio channel, a vital and central feature that places fundamental limitations on the performance of radio systems. Bringing the reader completely up-to-date, this book: * Features two new chapters: ''Multipath Mitigation Techniques'' and ''Radio System Planning'' * Surveys various alternative methods of predicting the mean signal strength and its variability, and discusses their applications * Introduces ray-tracing methods in connection with indoor propagation * Discusses multipath and its effects on narrowband and wideband systems * Describes channel sounders and reviews methods of hardware and software simulation * Examines man-made noise and interference and discusses the resulting performance degradation By equipping the reader witTrade Review"In a textbook for a graduate course and reference for systems designers and researchers, Parsons...synthesizes from technical papers basic information about the mobile radio channel itself..." (SciTech Book News Vol. 25, No. 2 June 2001)Table of ContentsPreface. Preface to the First Edition. Introduction. Fundamentals of VHF and UHF Propagation. Propagation over Irregular Terrain. Propagation in Built-up Areas. Characterisation of Multipath Phenomena. Wideband Channel Characterisation. Other Mobile Radio Channels. Sounding, Sampling anf Simulation. Man-made Noise and Interference. Mitigation of Multipath Effects. Planning Radio Networks. Appendix A: Rayleigh Graph Paper and Receiver Noise Figure. Appendix B: Rayleigh Distribution (dB) and CNR in a Rayleigh Fading Environment. Appendix C: Deriving PDFs for Variables in Logarithmic Units. Appendix D: Effective Signal Envelope. Index.
£126.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc RFID For Dummies
Book SynopsisRFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a new supply chain management system that will eventually take the place of traditional barcode scanning. Many companies have already announced their shift to RFID technology and even more will shortly follow suit. This means that other businesses will have to implement RFID at their end.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 About This Book 1 Who This Book Is For 1 You Don’t Need a Slide Rule and Pocket Protector to Use This Book 2 How This Book Is Organized 2 Part I: Now That You Can Spell RFID, Here’s the Rest of the Story 3 Part II: Ride the Electromagnetic Wave: The Physics of RFID 3 Part III: Fitting an RFID Application into Your World 3 Part IV: Raising the Beams for Your Network 4 Part V: How to Speak Bean Counter 4 Part VI: The Part of Tens 4 Icons Used in This Book 5 Part I: Now That You Can Spell RFID, Here’s the Rest of the Story 7 Chapter 1: Taking the Mystery out of RFID 9 What Is RFID? 9 The origins of RFID in inventory tracking 10 Tracking goods with EPC codes 10 Sizing Up the Benefits of RFID 11 Tracking individual items with serialized data 12 Reducing human intervention 13 Moving more goods through the supply chain 14 Capturing information in real time 14 Increasing security 15 Mandates, Womendates, Blind Dates — Forcing Efficiency 16 What are the major mandates? 16 Responding to the mandates 17 Calling All Physicists! Calling All Physicists! 18 Finding a physics expert 19 The basic physics of RFID 19 Finding Success with Four Ps in a Pod 22 Planning 22 Physics 24 Pilot 26 Production 27 A Ride in the Time Machine 28 Chapter 2: Auto-ID Technologies: Why RFID Is King of the Hill 31 Planning an Auto-ID Strategy for the Times 32 Comparing the major players in Auto-ID: Bar codes, contact memory, and RFID 34 Crafting an Auto-ID strategy for your business (Or, why RFID is the wave of the future) 41 To EPC or Not to Be: Unraveling the Words, Words, Words of the Electronic Product Code 44 How EPC is different from UPC 45 Why an EPC RFID tag doesn’t contain more information 47 How the EPC works 48 How the EPC prepared for the future, and who oversees that 52 Addressing Privacy Concerns 53 Chapter 3: Making Basic Decisions about Your RFID System 55 Midas Touch Points: Where RFID Impacts Your Organization 56 Outlining how RFID affects your business processes 57 Determining how RFID will affect your facility 60 Evaluating your technical needs 61 What’s the Frequency, Kenneth? 64 Understanding the difference between licensed and unlicensed frequencies 65 Examining the most common frequencies in RFID 65 Frequencies, power, and countries 67 Beyond UHF: Looking toward the future 68 Speed, Accuracy, or Distance — Pick Two 69 Designing for the right read distance 70 Reads — tell me how fast and how many 71 Reading multiple tags at once — accuracy considerations 72 Now What about the Tags and Objects? 73 Part II: Ride the Electro-magnetic Wave: The Physics of RFID 75 Chapter 4: What Makes Up an RFID Network 77 Elements of a Basic RFID System 77 Everything starts with the tag 79 Antennas send and receive radio waves 79 Readers tell the antennas what to do 80 The middleware transforms the system into a network of objects 80 Time to Make Some Waves — Electromagnetic Waves 81 Frequency is a measurement 83 History may repeat itself, but virginity comes only once 84 Fields: Electrical and magnetic, near and far 84 Creating resonance between the antennas and the field 85 Chapter 5: Understanding How Technology Becomes a Working System 87 Anatomy of a Passive Tag: Understanding How It Works and Choosing the Right One 88 How do tags receive and transmit information? 88 How does a tag antenna work, and how do you choose among the different kinds? 90 How does the integrated circuit affect performance? 92 Some tag examples for the geek in you 94 Tracking the Tags with a Reader 95 Holler back, young ’un — Transmitting and receiving signals 95 The DSP chip: Examining the brain of a reader 96 Ring around the dipole and other bad antenna stories 98 Air in Her Face — Blowing Sweet Nothings 100 Chapter 6: Seeing Different RFID Systems at Work 103 Setting Up RFID Interrogation Zones 103 Coming and going — Reading at a dock door 104 Your gateway to good reads — Other portals 106 Keep on rollin’ — Setting up RFID at a conveyor 108 That’s a wrap — Interrogating at a shrink-wrap station 109 One at a time — Reading objects on a shelf 110 From Ski Resorts to Airlines: Applying RFID in the Real World 112 Ski resorts 112 Law enforcement 113 Pharmaceuticals 113 Additional business applications 114 Part III: Fitting an RFID Application into Your World 117 Chapter 7: Seeing the Invisible: The Site Assessment 119 Planning for Your Site Assessment 120 Getting the right test equipment 122 Setting up for RF testing 124 Measuring for AEN during Normal Operations (And Beyond) 126 Testing key points around the warehouse 127 I’ve been a wild rover for many’s a year 127 I don’t hear anything; time to make my own noise 129 Solving interference problems 130 Testing to Plan Your RFID Installation 130 Gathering your equipment 131 Comparing the perfect signal to the actual signal 132 Setting up the equipment 133 Conducting the test 134 Putting your results to use 136 Chapter 8: Testing One, Two, Three: Developing Your Own Lab 139 To Lab or Not to Lab 140 Beyond a Swanky White Lab Coat: The Tools You Need for Successful Testing 141 Setting Up Your Lab 142 X-ray marks the spot: Find the perfect location 143 Physics eye for the lab guy: Design the physical layout 145 Set up the test equipment 148 Build specific test equipment 151 Develop and implement standardized test procedures 153 Chapter 9: Tag, You’re It: Testing for Best Tag Design and Placement 159 Ready, Set, Test! 160 Looking at the Material Composition of the Items You’re Tagging 162 Examining RF transparent, reflecting, and absorbing materials 163 Using the RF friendliness pyramid to understand the optimal spot for testing 164 Choosing a Tag to Test 166 Testing Tags in an Applications Test Facility 168 Setting up the testing environment 170 Carrying out the test 170 Frequency Response Characterization: Testing Tags with Physics 171 Encoding and Applying Tags 174 Tag and ship 174 Inline production application 176 The Secrets of Read Success 177 Avoiding cross talk 177 Ensuring high-speed reads 178 Executing full pallet reads 178 Chapter 10: Hooked on Phonics: Reader Testing, Selection, and Installation 181 Choosing a Hand-held, Mobile, or Fixed-location Reader 182 Reading between the Lines: Critical Buying Criteria 183 Consider all the costs involved 184 Test reader performance 186 Assess connectivity 192 Evaluate how well the reader can be fine-tuned 196 Installing a Reader and Antennas 201 Mount the reader 202 Mount and connect the antennas 203 Power up the reader 203 Test the interrogation zone for RF path loss 204 Chapter 11: Middle Where? It’s Not Just about the Readers 205 Filter, Smooth, Route: Understanding What You Need Middleware to Do 206 Exploring Middleware Vendors and Their Offerings 208 Piecing Together a Middleware Architecture 210 No more tiers: Grasping the many levels of a middleware architecture 211 Taking stock of existing investments and skills 213 Early bird or late bloomer? Prioritizing your middleware needs 215 Getting the Most from Your RFID Middleware 216 Part IV: Raising the Beams for Your Network 219 Chapter 12: From Pilot to Admiral: Deploying RFID Successfully 221 Creating a Pilot Project Plan 222 Start with your major tasks and timeline 223 Deliverable tracker 224 There’s always an issue with you: Tracking and resolving problems 225 There is no I in team (but there is an M and an E) 226 Factors for a Successful Pilot Test 227 Clearly defined scope 227 Experienced project manager 228 Key executive support 228 User involvement 228 Specific measurements and metrics 229 Risk mitigation 229 Phased approach 229 Moving from Pilot to Production 231 Getting the most of your pilot data: The project debrief 231 Tips for a successful production system 232 Chapter 13: Getting Set to Administer and Maintain Your System 233 Configuring and Setting Up Tag Readers 234 Before you begin 234 Stepping through a reader setup 235 Creating configuration classes 236 Getting the Digits 238 A simple hierarchy for assigning numbers 238 Allocating unique numbers across many lines and locations 239 Applying Tags to Objects 240 Applying tags without breaking them 240 North by northwest as the corrugation travels: Orienting tags on objects 241 Sending Objects through Your Business 242 Lining up tags and readers 242 Just like the neonatal ward: Handle with care 243 School’s in Session — Training Your Staff 244 Starting readers manually 244 Identifying and responding to missed reads 245 Reinforcing processes versus changing them 246 Explaining how RFID affects employees 247 Chapter 14: Ping-pong, the Tags Are Gone: How to Monitor Your RFID Network 249 Why Monitor an RFID Station? 250 Setting up Two Types of Monitoring 251 Checking That a Reader Is Active 251 Choosing the right method 252 A simple human interface: Enabling operators to monitor the system 252 Measuring and Interpreting System Behavior 255 Building a statistical monitoring approach 255 Breaking data into time intervals 257 Measure 1: The average tag traffic volume (ATTV) 259 Measure 2: Read errors to total reads (RETR) 261 Measure 3: Read error change rates (RECR) 262 Measure 4: Actual versus predicted traffic rate (APTR) 262 Measure 5: Mean time between failure (MTBF) 263 Monitoring as you expand your RFID network 265 Setting up a monitoring system 265 Part V: How to Speak Bean Counter 269 Chapter 15: Making the Business Case 271 Finding the First-Round Draft Picks for Your RFID Team 271 A Game Plan Is More Than Xs and Os — Use a Proven Methodology 274 Step 1 Refine the process and conduct team training 275 Step 2 Determine scope and assumptions 276 Step 3 Determine drivers, strategies, and enablers 277 Step 4 Identify and assess business processes and interfaces 279 Step 5 Identify complementary or competing business initiatives 280 Step 6 Identify strategic and economic benefits 281 Step 7 Develop investment requirements 284 Step 8 Develop an implementation road map 285 Step 9 Communicate the business case 286 Chapter 16: Fitting RFID into Strategic Plans 289 Just in Time to Justify: Overcoming Skepticism with Strategic Thinking 290 Calculating ROI — A Tactical Approach to RFID 291 Cha-ching! Finding ways to save with RFID 292 Tallying up the estimated costs 300 Putting together a costs/benefits analysis 303 ROI as a tool for strategic expansion 303 Tag and You’re It: RFID as a Competitive Strategy 304 Chapter 17: What to Look for When Considering Outsourcing 307 Why Outsource Your RFID Network? 308 Identifying and Avoiding the Risks 308 Is Outsourcing Right for You? 309 Do your goals and timeline indicate a clear need to outsource? 310 Do you need to run or own the system? 312 Analyzing your resources 314 Money, money, money: Comparing outsourcing and internal costs 316 Performance anxiety: Can you build a network that works? 317 Finding the Perfect Match 318 Figuring out the RFP process 318 Spelling out your needs in an RFP 320 Selecting potential outsourcing partners 326 Evaluating responses to your RFP 327 Sealing the Deal with an SLA 327 Drafting the initial SLA 328 Negotiating an SLA with a vendor 331 Part VI: The Part of Tens 333 Chapter 18: Ten (Or So) Equipment Vendors 335 Alien Technology 335 ACCU-SORT 336 Applied Wireless Identifications (AWID) 336 FOX IV Technologies 337 Impinj 337 Intermec Technologies 338 MARKEM 339 Symbol Technologies, Inc (Formerly Matrics) 339 ODIN technologies 340 OMRON electronics 340 SAMSys Technologies 341 Texas Instruments (TI) 341 ThingMagic 342 Chapter 19: Ten Web Sites for Information on RFID 343 RFID Journal Online 344 EPCglobal 344 IDTechEx 345 RFID Solutions Online 345 RFID Exchange 345 RFID Update 346 Auto-ID Labs 346 Auto-ID Lab @ Adelaide 346 The RFID Gazette 347 UCLA’s RFID@WINMEC site 347 Slashdot 347 Chapter 20: Ten Tips from the Experts 349 Chris Fennig, ODIN technologies 349 Joe White, Symbol Technologies (Formerly Matrics, Inc.) 350 Duncan McCollum, Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) 351 Dr Daniel Engels, MIT Auto-ID Labs 352 Dr Patrick King, Michelin Tire Corporation 353 Steve Kowalke, ACCU-SORT Systems 353 Team Tag-IT, Texas Instruments 354 Kevin MacDonald, Lead RFID Architect, Sun Microsystems 354 Mark Nelson, Savi Technology 355 Chapter 21: Ten (Or So) RFID Standards and Protocols 357 EAN.UCC 357 EPCglobal 358 UCCnet 358 ISO/IEC JT1/SC17 359 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC31/WG4 360 AIAG 361 Container Shipments 361 Container Security Initiative (CSI) 361 Smart and Secure Tradelanes 362 Appendix: Glossary of Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Scientific Terms 363 Index 373
£19.54
John Wiley & Sons Inc Microwave Mobile Communications an IEEE Press
Book SynopsisThis is an IEEE classic reissue of the book published by John Wiley & Sons in 1974.This definitive text and reference covers all aspects of microwave mobile systems design. Encompassing ten years of advanced research in the field, it reviews basic microwave theory, explains how cellular systems work and presents useful techniques for effective systems development. Key features include: complete coverage of microwave propagation techniques to design successful cellular systems, extensive chapters covering the broad fundamentals of microwave usage in mobile radio propagation and the functions of mobile radio antennas, comprehensive treatment of modulation methods, interference, noise, layout and control of high-capacity systems, and more! The return of this classic volume should be welcomed by all those seeking an authoritative and complete source of information on this emerging technology.Table of ContentsPreface of the IEEE Edition. Preface to the First Edition. Foreword. Introduction (W. Jakes). PART I: MOBILE RADIO PROPAGATION. Chapter 1: Multipath Interference (Wm.C. Jakes). 1.1 Spatial Distribution of the Field. 1.2 Power Spectra of the Fading Signal. 1.3 Power Spectrum and Other Properties of the Signal Envelope. 1.4 Random Frequency Modulation. 1.5 Coherence Bandwidth. 1.6 Spatial Correlations at the Base Station. 1.7 Laboratory Simulation of Multipath Interference. Chapter 2: Large-Scale Variations of the Average Signal (D.O. Reudink). 2.1 Factors Affecting Transmission. 2.2 Observed Attenuation on Mobile Radio Paths over Smooth Terrain. 2.3 Effects of Irregular Terrain. 2.4 Statistical Distribution of the Local Mean Signal. 2.5 Prediction of Field Strength. Chapter 3: Antennas and Polarization Effects (Y.S. Yeh). 3.1 Mobile Antennas. 3.2 Base Station Antennas. 3.3 Polarization Effects. PART II: MOBILE RADIO SYSTEMS. Chapter 4: Modulation, Noise, and Interference (M.J. Gans and Y.S. Yeh). 4.2 Digital Modulation. 4.3 Channel Multiplexing. 4.4 Man-Made Noise. Chapter 5: Fundamentals of Diversity Systems (Wm. C. Jakes, Y.S. Yeh, M.J. Gans, and D.O. Reudink). 5.1 Basic Diversity Classifications. 5.2 Combining Methods. 5.3 Antenna Arrays for Space Diversity. 5.4 Effect of Diversity on FM Noise and Interference. 5.5 Diversity Against Shadowing. Chapter 6: Diversity Techniques (D.O. Reudink, Y.S. Yeh, and Wm.C. Jakes). 6.1 Postdetection Diversity. 6.2 Switched Diversity. 6.3 Coherent Combining Using Carrier Recovery. 6.4 Coherent Combining Using a Separate Pilot. 6.5 Retransmission Diversity. 6.6 Multicarrier AM Diversity. 6.7 Digital Modulation-Diversity Systems. 6.8 Comparison jf Diversity Systems. Chapter 7: Layout and Control of High-Capacity Systems (D.C. Cox and D.O. Reudink). 7.1 Large Radio Coverage Area Systems. 7.2 Coverage Layout of Small Cell Systems. 7.3 Base Station Assignment in Small Cell Systems. 7.4 Channel Assignment in Small Cell Systems. Appendix A: Computation of the Spectra of Phase-Modulated Waves by Means of Poisson's Sum Formula (M.J. Gans). Appendix B: Click Rate for a Nonsymmetrical Noise Spectrum (M.J. Gans). Appendix C: Median Values of Transmission Coefficient Variations (M.J. Gans). Index.
£151.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Wireless Transceiver Design
Book SynopsisBuilding upon the success of the first edition (2007), Wireless Transceiver Design 2nd Edition is an accessible textbook that explains the concepts of wireless transceiver design in detail. The architectures and the detailed design of both traditional and advanced all-digital wireless transceivers are discussed in a thorough and systematic manner, while carefully watching out for clarity and simplicity. Many practical examples and solved problems at the end of each chapter allow students to thoroughly understand the mechanisms involved, to build confidence, and enable them to readily make correct and practical use of the applicable results and formulas. From the instructors'' perspective, the book will enable the reader to build courses at different levels of depth, starting from the basic understanding, whilst allowing them to focus on particular elements of study. In addition to numerous fully-solved exercises, the authors include actual exemplary examination papers for insTable of ContentsForeword xvi To the Instructor xvii About the Authors xviii Acknowledgment xix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Radio Frequency Systems 1 1.1.1 Conceptual RF system 1 1.1.2 The frequency spectrum 2 1.1.3 Cellular concept 3 1.2 Detailed Overview of Wireless Systems and Technologies 4 1.2.1 System types 4 1.2.2 Wireless network architectures 5 1.2.2.1 Wireless Personal Area Network 5 1.2.3 Wireless local area network 11 1.2.3.1 Wi-Fi 13 1.2.3.2 Wi-Fi Direct 14 1.2.4 Wireless wide area network 14 1.2.4.1 Cellular Systems 14 1.2.4.2 The Concept of Frequency Reuse 14 1.2.5 Access methods 20 1.2.5.1 Multiple access 20 1.2.5.2 Frequency division multiple access 20 1.2.5.3 Time division multiple access 21 1.2.5.4 Code division multiple access 21 1.2.5.5 Why to spread? 22 1.2.6 Transmit–receive regimes 24 1.2.6.1 Wireless transmission regimes (or modes) 24 1.2.6.2 Simplex mode 24 1.2.6.3 Half-duplex mode 25 1.2.6.4 Full duplex mode 25 1.2.6.5 Duplexing 25 1.2.6.6 Frequency division duplex 25 1.2.6.7 Time division duplex 26 Bibliography 26 2 Transceiver Architectures 27 2.1 Receiver Architectures 27 2.2 Superheterodyne Receiver 29 2.2.1 What is it and how it works 29 2.2.2 Pros and cons 33 2.2.3 Choosing the IF frequency 34 2.3 Direct Conversion Receiver 35 2.3.1 What is it and how it works 35 2.3.2 Pros and cons 35 2.4 Direct RF Sampling Receiver 36 2.4.1 What is it and how it works 36 2.4.1.1 Exercise: Determining sampling rate 40 2.4.2 Recovering I and Q channels in DRFS 40 2.4.2.1 Exercise: Recovering I and Q with bandwidth oversampling 41 2.5 Transmitter Architectures 42 2.6 Two Step Conversion Transmitter 43 2.6.1 What is it and how it works 43 2.6.2 Pros and cons 45 2.7 Direct Launch Transmitter 46 2.7.1 What is it and how it works 46 2.7.2 Pros and cons 46 2.8 Direct RF Sampling Transmitter 47 2.9 Transceiver Architectures 51 2.10 Full Duplex/Half-duplex Architecture 51 2.11 Simplex Architecture 52 2.12 Solved Exercises 53 2.13 Theory Behind Equations 59 2.13.1 DRFS transmitter 59 2.13.2 Sampling theorem reminder 60 Bibliography 62 3 Receiving Systems 63 3.1 Sensitivity 65 3.1.1 What is it and how it works 65 3.1.1.1 The definition of sensitivity 67 3.1.1.2 Exercise: Estimating a cell phone range 68 3.1.2 Interim sensitivity 69 3.1.2.1 Computing the noise factor of two cascaded stages 70 3.1.2.2 Exercise: Cascaded noise factor 71 3.1.2.3 Exercise: Computing SHR sensitivity 72 3.1.3 Measurement of sensitivity 74 3.1.3.1 Noise doubling approach 75 3.2 Co-channel Rejection 76 3.2.1 What is it and how it works 76 3.2.1.1 Definition of co-channel rejection 76 3.2.2 Measurement of co-channel rejection 77 3.3 Selectivity 78 3.3.1 What is it and how it works 78 3.3.1.1 Oscillator phase noise 78 3.3.1.2 Exercise: L (Δf) estimation 81 3.3.1.3 Selectivity mechanisms 82 3.3.1.4 The definition of selectivity 84 3.3.1.5 Exercise: DCR selectivity 85 3.3.2 Measurement of selectivity 85 3.4 Blocking 86 3.4.1 What is it and how it works 86 3.4.1.1 The definition of blocking 87 3.4.1.2 Exercise: Blocking-free distance 88 3.4.2 Measurement of blocking 89 3.5 Intermodulation Rejection 89 3.5.1 What is it and how it works 89 3.5.1.1 The definition of intermodulation 91 3.5.1.2 Effect of added gain (or loss) 92 3.5.1.3 Exercise: Intermodulation 94 3.5.2 Measurement of intermodulation 94 3.6 Image Rejection 95 3.6.1 What is it and how it works 95 3.6.1.1 The definition of image rejection 97 3.6.1.2 Exercise: IR and front filter 97 3.6.2 Measurement of image rejection 98 3.7 Half-IF Rejection 98 3.7.1 What is it and how it works 98 3.7.1.1 The definition of half-IF rejection 100 3.7.1.2 Exercise: HIFR and front filter 101 3.7.2 Measurement of half-IF rejection 102 3.8 Dynamic Range 102 3.8.1 What is it and how it works 102 3.8.1.1 The definition of dynamic range 103 3.8.2 Measurement of dynamic range 103 3.9 Duplex Desense 103 3.9.1 What is it and how it works 103 3.9.1.1 The definition of duplex desense 105 3.9.1.2 Exercise: Required T-R attenuation to keep DS ≤ 3dB 105 3.9.2 Measurement of duplex desense 106 3.10 Other Duplex Spurs 107 3.10.1 What they are and how they work 107 3.10.1.1 Duplex image rejection 107 3.10.1.2 Half duplex spur 107 3.10.1.3 Phantom duplex spur 108 3.11 Other Receiver Interferences 108 3.11.1 What they are and how they work 108 3.11.1.1 Self quieters 108 3.11.1.2 Able–baker spurs 110 3.11.1.3 Doppler blocking 110 3.11.1.4 Second-order distortion 110 3.11.1.5 Spurious free dynamic range 111 3.12 Solved Exercises 111 3.13 Theory Behind Equations 126 3.13.1 Sensitivity 126 3.13.2 Co-channel rejection 128 3.13.3 Selectivity 128 3.13.4 Intermodulation 129 3.13.5 Image rejection 130 3.13.6 Half-IF rejection 131 3.13.7 Duplexer mechanisms 132 3.13.7.1 Isolation mechanism 132 3.13.7.2 Noise attenuation mechanism 134 3.13.8 Duplex desense 135 3.14 Extension to Direct RF Sampling Receivers 136 3.14.1 ADC noise factor 136 3.14.1.1 Exercise: Computing ADC noise floor and noise figure 137 3.14.1.2 Exercise: Computing DRFS sensitivity 137 3.14.2 SNR, selectivity, and blocking in a DRFS receiver 138 3.14.2.1 Snr 139 3.14.2.2 Selectivity and blocking 140 3.14.2.3 Exercise: DRFS blocking 141 3.14.2.4 Imr 3 142 3.14.2.5 Exercise: Estimating IP3i of an ADC 142 3.14.3 Reminder on quantization noise 142 Bibliography 143 4 Transmitting Systems 145 4.1 Peak to Average Power Ratio 147 4.1.1 What is it and how it works 147 4.1.1.1 Exercise: PAPR of unfiltered 16 QAM 148 4.1.2 Measurement of PAPR 150 4.2 Nonlinearity in RF Power Amplifiers 150 4.2.1 What is it and how it works 150 4.2.2 Third-order dominated PA behavior 154 4.2.2.1 Exercise: Computation of third-order dominated PA coefficients 155 4.2.3 Fifth-order dominated PA behavior 157 4.2.3.1 Exercise: computation of fifth-order dominated PA coefficients 157 4.2.4 In-band spectral picture of PA output 159 4.2.5 Description of PA simulation methodology 160 4.2.5.1 The input signal v(t) 161 4.2.5.2 The output signal V[v(t)] 163 4.2.5.3 The input and output spectral picture 163 4.2.6 N-th order intermodulation distortion 163 4.2.6.1 Exercise: Coefficient-based versus SPICE simulation of spectral re-growth 168 4.2.6.2 Laboratory measurement of IMDN 171 4.2.7 N-th order input intercept point 171 4.2.7.1 Exercise: Estimating IMDN from IPNi 172 4.2.7.2 Exercise: Rule of thumb 173 4.2.7.3 Exercise: IPNi using voltages 173 4.3 Transmitter Specifications 174 4.3.1 Spectral mask 174 4.3.2 Error vector magnitude 174 4.3.2.1 Other causes of EVM degradation 176 4.3.3 Adjacent coupled power ratio 176 4.3.4 PA efficiency 177 4.3.5 Transmitter transients 178 4.3.5.1 Attack time 178 4.3.5.2 Frequency shift upon keying 179 4.3.6 Radiated emission 179 4.3.7 Conducted spurs 179 4.4 Enhancement Techniques 180 4.4.1 Linearization techniques 181 4.4.1.1 Cartesian feedback 181 4.4.1.2 Feed-forward 183 4.4.1.3 Pre-distortion 185 4.4.2 Envelope-tracking supply 186 4.5 Solved Exercises 186 4.6 Theory Behind Equations 198 4.6.1 Computation of PAPR for quasi-static RF signals 198 4.6.2 Analytic models for PA nonlinearity 201 4.6.3 Effects of PA nonlinearity on digital modulation 204 4.6.4 Effects of PA nonlinearity on spectral shape 205 4.6.5 Characterization of PA nonlinearity 210 4.6.5.1 N-th order intermodulation distortion 212 4.6.5.2 N-th order input intercept point 213 Bibliography 214 5 Synthesizers 216 5.1 Integer-N Synthesizer 216 5.1.1 What is it and how it works 216 5.1.1.1 The lock-up mechanism 219 5.1.1.2 Lock-up time 221 5.1.1.3 Exercise: Estimating integer-N lock time 224 5.1.1.4 Something more on reference spurs and pre-integration capacitor 225 5.1.1.5 Exercise: Estimating reference spurs attenuation 225 5.1.1.6 Something more on phase-frequency detector modes 226 5.2 Fractional-N Synthesizer 228 5.2.1 What is it and how it works 228 5.2.1.1 Exercise: Estimating fractional-N lock time 230 5.2.2 Example: Dual-count fractional-N 231 5.3 Direct Digital Synthesizer 232 5.3.1 What is it and how it works 232 5.3.1.1 Exercise: Basic DDS design 234 5.4 Integer-N/DDS Hybrid Synthesizer 235 5.4.1 What is it and how it works 235 5.5 Solved Exercises 236 5.6 Theory Behind Equations 244 5.6.1 Integer-N analysis 244 5.6.1.1 Transient analysis 246 5.6.1.2 Lock time analysis 250 Bibliography 251 6 Oscillators 253 6.1 Low-power Self-limiting Oscillators 254 6.1.1 What is it and how it works 254 6.1.1.1 The self-limiting oscillation mechanism 254 6.1.1.2 Oscillator phase noise 257 6.1.2 Practical circuits 258 6.1.2.1 Exercise: NAND gate-driven oscillator 260 6.1.2.2 Exercise: Bipolar transistor-driven oscillator 264 6.2 Oscillators Using Distributed Resonators 270 6.2.1 What is it and how it works 270 6.2.1.1 Crystal resonators 270 6.2.1.2 Transmission-line resonators 271 6.3 Solved Exercises 273 6.4 Theory Behind Equations 288 6.4.1 General π-topology filter analysis 288 6.4.2 Leeson’s equation 290 6.4.2.1 Narrowband FM 290 6.4.2.2 Narrowband-FM through narrow band-pass filters 291 6.4.2.3 Leeson’s model 293 6.4.2.4 Computing clock jitter from oscillator phase noise 296 6.4.3 Lumped equivalent of resonant transmission lines 299 6.4.3.1 Open-ended λ/4 resonator – lumped equivalent 300 6.4.3.2 Short-ended λ/4 resonator – lumped equivalent 301 6.4.4 Voltage controlled oscillators 301 Bibliography 302 7 Functional RF Blocks 303 7.1 Antenna 303 7.1.1 What is it? 303 7.1.2 How it works 303 7.1.3 Basic parameters of antennas 304 7.1.3.1 Radiation pattern 304 7.1.3.2 Directivity 304 7.1.3.3 Efficiency 305 7.1.3.4 Gain 305 7.1.3.5 Effective area 305 7.1.3.6 Input impedance and radiation resistance 305 7.1.3.7 Measurement of antenna input impedance 306 7.1.3.8 Beamwidth 307 7.1.3.9 Polarization 307 7.1.4 Antenna arrays 307 7.1.4.1 Pattern multiplication principle 308 7.1.5 Smart antennas 308 7.1.5.1 Phased array 308 7.1.6 Antenna types 308 7.1.6.1 Isotropic antennas 309 7.1.6.2 Dipole 309 7.1.6.3 Whip 309 7.1.6.4 Planar inverted-F 310 7.1.6.5 Slot 310 7.1.6.6 Microstrip (patch) antennas 311 7.1.7 Solved exercises 312 7.2 Low Noise Amplifier 313 7.2.1 What is it and how it works 313 7.2.2 Noise of two-port networks (classical approach) 314 7.2.2.1 MOS transistor thermal noise 316 7.2.2.2 Stability 317 7.2.2.3 Matching options 317 7.2.3 LNA topologies 318 7.2.3.1 Shunt resistor at input – resistor termination 318 7.2.3.2 Shunt-series feedback 319 7.2.3.3 Common gate LNA 319 7.2.3.4 CS with inductive source degeneration 320 7.3 Filters 323 7.3.1 Filter design 325 7.3.2 Filter families 326 7.3.2.1 Butterworth filter 326 7.3.2.2 Chebyshev filter 326 7.3.2.3 Elliptic filter 327 7.3.2.4 Bessel filter 327 7.3.3 Filter types 327 7.3.3.1 Preselector filter 327 7.3.3.2 Diplexer 328 7.3.3.3 IF filter 328 7.3.3.4 Harmonic filter 328 7.3.4 Filter technologies 328 7.3.4.1 Crystal filters 328 7.3.4.2 Surface acoustic wave filters 329 7.4 Power Amplifier 330 7.4.1 Amplifier classes 331 7.4.1.1 Class A 331 7.4.1.2 Class B 332 7.4.1.3 Class AB 333 7.4.1.4 class c 333 7.4.2 Design 334 7.5 Mixer 341 7.5.1 Performance measures 341 7.5.1.1 Conversion loss/gain 342 7.5.1.2 Noise figure 342 7.5.1.3 Linearity 342 7.5.1.4 Isolation 342 7.5.1.5 Spurs 342 7.5.2 Mixer types 342 7.5.2.1 Unbalanced mixers 343 7.5.2.2 Single-balanced mixers 343 7.5.2.3 Double-balanced mixers 343 7.5.3 MOSFET mixer 343 7.5.4 Bipolar mixer 345 Bibliography 346 8 Useful Reminders 347 8.1 The RF Channel 347 8.1.1 Large and small scale fading 347 8.1.1.1 Multipath fading 347 8.1.1.2 Propagation delay 348 8.1.1.3 Delay spread 348 8.1.1.4 Coherence bandwidth 349 8.1.2 Fade margin 349 8.1.3 Fading classification 349 8.1.3.1 Flat fading 350 8.1.3.2 Frequency-selective fading 350 8.1.3.3 Slow fading 350 8.1.3.4 Fast fading 350 8.1.3.5 Rayleigh fading 350 8.1.3.6 Rice fading 351 8.1.4 Doppler effect 351 8.2 Noise 352 8.2.1 Thermal noise 352 8.2.2 Signal to noise ratio 353 8.2.3 Noise factor and noise figure 353 8.2.3.1 Noise figure of cascaded stages 354 8.2.3.2 Noise floor 354 8.3 Propagation 355 8.3.1 Logarithmic scale 355 8.3.2 Friis formula 355 8.3.3 Two ray model 356 8.4 Path loss 357 8.5 Modulation 357 8.5.1 Amplitude modulation 357 8.5.2 Frequency modulation 359 8.5.2.1 FM transmitter 360 8.5.2.2 FM receiver 360 8.5.3 Modeling carrier phase noise as narrowband FM 361 8.6 Multiple Input Multiple Output 362 8.6.1 How many independent data streams are possible? 363 Bibliography 364 Appendix – Exemplary Exams 365 Index 369
£87.35
John Wiley & Sons Inc Interference Analysis
Book SynopsisThe book describes how interference can be managed so that radio systems co-exist, without harmful mutual effects, within a finite amount of spectrum. This is timely in view of the increasing proliferation of wireless systems. It covers both the processes, such as regional or international coordination, as well as the engineering principles. Written by an author with extensive experience in the industry, it describes in detail the main methodologies for calculating or computing the interference between radio systems of the same type, and also between radio systems of different typesTrade ReviewInterference analysis is fundamental to spectrum management and this book provides a comprehensive and detailed guide to this subject. The author is an expert who has chaired ITU-R meetings and contributed to many ITU-R Recommendations. The book builds from the motivations for interference analysis, including national and international regulatory regimes, all the way to sophisticated Monte Carlo analysis and descriptions of how to model specific services and their associated algorithms. It covers a wide range of systems and services, including Wi-Fi, fixed links, private mobile radio (PMR), 2G, 3G, 4G, broadcasting, radar, white space, ultra-wideband and programme making and special events plus science, navigation, maritime, aeronautical and satellite systems, including both GSO and non-GSO. The book describes fundamental concepts such as the link budget, carrier types, access methods, noise calculations, antennas, dynamics, statistics and propagation models and then builds up to details of the interference calculation and interference analysis methodologies. In particular, the book describes how to convolve transmit and receive spectrum masks, construct link budgets with an associated interference margin and use them to derive thresholds, including apportionment. Alternative interference metrics are described together with methods to mitigate against interference. The book is essential for both those new or experienced in the field, to help understand and advance technical studies for system design, frequency assignment, coordination or regulatory analysis. Dr Haim Mazar, IsraelTable of ContentsForeword xiii Preface xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Motivations and Target Audience 2 1.2 Book Structure 2 1.3 Chapter Structure and Additional Resources 3 1.4 Case Study: How to Observe Interference 3 2 Motivations 6 2.1 Why Undertake Interference Analysis? 6 2.2 Drivers of Change 7 2.3 The Regulatory Framework 8 2.4 International Regulations 10 2.4.1 History and Structure 10 2.4.2 The Radiocommunication Sector 13 2.4.3 Radio Regulations 15 2.4.4 World Radiocommunication Conference 23 2.4.5 Study Groups and Working Parties 24 2.4.6 Recommendations and Reports 25 2.5 Updating the Radio Regulations and Recommendations 27 2.6 Meetings and Presenting Results 29 2.7 National Regulators 34 2.8 Regional and Industry Organisations 35 2.9 Frequency Assignment and Planning 37 2.10 Coordination 40 2.11 Types of Interference Analysis 42 2.12 Further Reading and Next Steps 42 3 Fundamental Concepts 43 3.1 Radiocommunication Systems 43 3.2 Radio Waves and Decibels 46 3.3 The Power Calculation 49 3.4 Carrier Types and Modulation 52 3.4.1 Overview 52 3.4.2 Analogue Modulation 53 3.4.3 Digital Modulation 55 3.4.4 Frequency Hopping and OFDM 60 3.4.5 Digital Modulation Selection 62 3.4.6 Pulse Modulation and UWB 64 3.4.7 Filtering 64 3.5 Multiple Access Methods 66 3.5.1 Overview 66 3.5.2 Collision Sensing Multiple Access 68 3.5.3 Frequency Division Multiple Access 69 3.5.4 Time Division Multiple Access 70 3.5.5 Code Division Multiple Access 71 3.5.6 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access 75 3.6 Noise Temperature and Reference Points 75 3.7 Antennas 82 3.7.1 Basic Concepts 82 3.7.2 Beams and Beamwidths 85 3.7.3 Common Gain Pattern Types 85 3.7.4 Isotropic Gain Pattern 88 3.7.5 Parabolic Dish Antennas 88 3.7.6 Elliptical Patterns 92 3.7.7 Phased Array Antennas 95 3.7.8 Azimuth Dependent Antennas 96 3.7.9 Elevation Dependent Antennas 98 3.7.10 Azimuth and Elevation Slices 99 3.7.11 3D Gain Tables 100 3.7.12 Antenna Pointing Methods 101 3.8 Geometry and Dynamics 101 3.8.1 Geometric Frameworks 101 3.8.2 Flat Earth Vectors 103 3.8.3 Earth Spherical Coordinates 105 3.8.4 ECI Vector Coordinates 110 3.8.5 Ellipsoidal Earth and Orbit Models 120 3.8.6 Delay and Doppler 121 3.9 Calculation of Angles 122 3.9.1 Azimuth and Elevation 122 3.9.2 Terrestrial 123 3.9.3 Satellite 123 3.9.4 Angles in the Antenna Frame 124 3.9.5 Off-Axis Angle from ECI Vectors 125 3.9.6 Theta Phi Coordinates 127 3.10 Statistics and Distributions 128 3.11 Link Budgets and Metrics 133 3.12 Spectrum Efficiency and Requirements 138 3.13 Worked Example 140 3.14 Further Reading and Next Steps 142 4 Propagation Models 144 4.1 Overview 145 4.2 The Propagation Environment 148 4.2.1 Effective Earth Radius 148 4.2.2 Geoclimatic and Meteorological Parameters 150 4.2.3 Radio Climatic Zones 150 4.2.4 Terrain and Surface Databases 152 4.2.5 Land Use Databases 155 4.2.6 Signal Variation and Fast Fading 156 4.3 Terrestrial Propagation Models 160 4.3.1 P.525: Free Space Path Loss 160 4.3.2 P.526: Diffraction 161 4.3.3 P.530: Multipath and Rain Fade 165 4.3.4 P.452: Interference Prediction 169 4.3.5 P.1546: Point-to-Area Prediction 173 4.3.6 P.1812: Point-to-Area Prediction 177 4.3.7 P.2001: Wide-Range Propagation Model 179 4.3.8 Hata/COST 231 Median Loss Model 182 4.3.9 Appendix 7 184 4.3.10 Generic Models 188 4.3.11 Other Propagation Models 192 4.3.12 Comparing Terrestrial Propagation Models 193 4.4 Earth to Space Propagation Models 199 4.4.1 P.676: Gaseous Attenuation 199 4.4.2 P.618: Rain Loss and Noise Rise 201 4.5 Aeronautical Propagation Models 205 4.6 Additional Attenuations 205 4.7 Radio Path Geometry 208 4.8 Percentages of Time and Correlation 209 4.9 Selection of Propagation Model 214 4.10 Further Reading and Next Steps 216 5 The Interference Calculation 217 5.1 Bandwidths and Domains 218 5.2 Bandwidth Adjustment Factor 221 5.3 Spectrum Masks, Ratios and Guard Bands 224 5.3.1 Transmit Mask and Calculated Bandwidth 224 5.3.2 Standards and Spectrum Emission Masks 228 5.3.3 The Mask Integration Adjustment Factor 232 5.3.4 Frequency-Dependent Rejection and Net Filter Discrimination Terminology 239 5.3.5 Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio, ACS and Adjacent Channel Interference Ratio 242 5.3.6 Spurious Emissions and dBc 245 5.3.7 Intermodulation 246 5.3.8 Block Edge Masks and Guard Bands 250 5.4 Polarisation 254 5.5 Adaptive Systems: Frequency, Power and Modulation 258 5.5.1 Dynamic Frequency Selection 258 5.5.2 Automatic Power Control 259 5.5.3 Adaptive Coding and Modulation 262 5.6 End-to-End Performance 263 5.7 Modelling Deployment and Traffic 266 5.7.1 Deployment Range 266 5.7.2 Activity Models and Erlangs 269 5.7.3 Traffic Type 272 5.7.4 Deployment Models 273 5.7.5 Aggregation Techniques 275 5.8 Link Design and Margin 276 5.9 Interference Apportionment and Thresholds 281 5.9.1 Interference Margin 281 5.9.2 Interference Apportionment 284 5.9.3 Short-Term and Long-Term Thresholds 286 5.9.4 Thresholds and Bandwidths 289 5.10 Types of Interference Thresholds 292 5.10.1 C/I and W/U Ratios 293 5.10.2 FDP 297 5.10.3 C/(N + I) and BER 301 5.10.4 Unavailability 303 5.10.5 Coverage, Range and Capacity 304 5.10.6 Observation Duration and Locations 307 5.10.7 Radar and Aeronautical Thresholds 307 5.10.8 Channel Sharing Ratio 308 5.10.9 Field Strength, PFD and EPFD 309 5.10.10 Margin over Threshold 312 5.11 Interference Mitigation 314 5.11.1 Transmit Power and Bandwidth 315 5.11.2 Antenna Gain Patterns 316 5.11.3 Antenna Pointing 318 5.11.4 Locations, Zones and Separation Distance 318 5.11.5 Deployment Likelihood 320 5.11.6 Noise, Feed Loss and Interference Margin 320 5.11.7 Receiver Processing 321 5.11.8 Time and Traffic 321 5.11.9 Polarisation 322 5.11.10 Antenna Height 323 5.11.11 Operate Indoors 323 5.11.12 Improved Filtering and Guard Bands 323 5.11.13 Site Shielding 325 5.11.14 Spectrum Sensing and Geodatabases 325 5.11.15 Wanted System Modifications 325 5.11.16 Modelling Methodology 326 5.12 Further Reading and Next Steps 327 6 Interference Analysis Methodologies 328 6.1 Methodologies and Studies 329 6.2 Example Scenarios 331 6.2.1 IMT Sharing with Satellite ES 331 6.2.2 Sharing Between Non-GSO MSS and FS 334 6.3 Static Analysis 338 6.4 Input Variation Analysis 344 6.5 Area and Boundary Analysis 347 6.5.1 Area Analysis 347 6.5.2 Boundary Analysis 351 6.6 Minimum Coupling Loss and Required Separation Distance 353 6.7 Analytic Analysis 357 6.8 Dynamic Analysis 363 6.9 Monte Carlo Analysis 373 6.9.1 Methodology 373 6.9.2 Variation of Inputs 378 6.9.3 Output Statistics and U Parameter Variation 380 6.9.4 Example Monte Carlo Analysis 382 6.9.5 LTE Downlink Link Budget 384 6.9.6 Statistical Significance 385 6.9.7 Deployment Analysis 392 6.9.8 Conclusions 394 6.10 Area and Two-Stage Monte Carlo 395 6.11 Probabilistic Analysis 401 6.12 Selection of Methodology 402 6.13 Study Projects and Working Methods 404 6.14 Further Reading and Next Steps 407 7 Specific Algorithms and Services 408 7.1 Fixed Service Planning 409 7.1.1 Overview 409 7.1.2 Link Planning 410 7.1.3 Interference Thresholds 412 7.1.4 High versus Low Site 415 7.1.5 Channel Selection 416 7.2 Private Mobile Radio 417 7.2.1 Overview 417 7.2.2 Coverage Calculation 418 7.2.3 PSA and Uplink Calculations 422 7.2.4 Thresholds and Propagation Model 422 7.2.5 Compatibility Checks 424 7.2.6 Channel Sharing Ratio 427 7.2.7 Sharing with Other Services 430 7.3 Broadcasting 431 7.3.1 Threshold Calculation 431 7.3.2 Coverage Prediction 434 7.3.3 Statistical Power Summation 437 7.3.4 Single-Frequency Networks 442 7.4 Earth Station Coordination 443 7.5 GSO Satellite Coordination 450 7.5.1 Regulatory Background 450 7.5.2 Coordination Triggers 454 7.5.3 Detailed Coordination 457 7.5.4 Coordination and Regulatory Constraints 464 7.5.5 Gain Patterns 465 7.6 EPFD and Rec. ITU-R S.1503 467 7.6.1 Background 467 7.6.2 Exclusion Zones and the α Angle 471 7.6.3 EPFD Validation Methodology 475 7.6.4 EPFD Calculation 479 7.7 The Radar Equation 483 7.8 N-Systems Methodology 488 7.9 Generic Radio Modelling Tool 494 7.10 White Space Devices 501 7.10.1 Background and Services 501 7.10.2 FCC Methodology 504 7.10.3 Ofcom Methodology 506 7.10.4 Comparison of Approaches 511 7.11 Final Thoughts 514 References 515 Acronyms, Abbreviations and Symbols 522 Index 530
£87.35
Rockridge Press Ham Radio Technician Class Test Study Guide 2022
Book Synopsis
£15.19
