Astronomical observation Books

Book SynopsisThe perfect gift for anyone with a desire to see the Northern Lights. Discover the incomparable beauty of the Northern Lights with this accessible guide for aspiring astronomers and seasoned night sky observers. Covers the essential equipment needed for observation and photography and full of stunning photographs.Trade ReviewA wonderfully comprehensive and well-written guide about all facets of Northern Lights-hunting. You’ll find enjoyment from this excellent guide to a fabulous natural phenomenon.★★★★★Jamie Carter, BBC Sky at Night Magazine

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisA brilliant introductory guide to exploring the night sky, from the astronomers of the Royal Observatory Greenwich.Offering complete advice from the ground up, Stargazing is the perfect manual for beginners to astronomy introducing the world of telescopes, planets, stars, dark skies and celestial maps.Discover how to tackle light pollution, how to stargaze with just your eyes, and what equipment is best for beginners.Astronomy experts Radmila Topalovic and Tom Kerss explain the best ways to plan your stargazing experience and the key things to look out for on specific dates throughout the year.With seasonal star charts, constellation charts and facts about our Solar System, Stargazing is packed of useful information and guidance for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.Bridging the gap between human curiosity and the need for scientific expertise, Stargazing allows a complete novice to understand our place in the cosmos and enjoy the beautiful and extraordinary wonders of the niTrade Review‘A perfect book for anyone looking to start a new hobby or simply have a better understanding of our Universe.’- Firetrench ‘This accessible and well-presented book would make an ideal gift for any beginner to astronomy – recommended.’ Journal of the British Astronomical Association

Read more less

Book SynopsisFew launch vehicles are as iconic and distinctive as NASA's behemoth rocket, the Saturn V, and none left such a lasting impression on those who watched it ascend.Table of ContentsA new addition to our growing range of 'space' manuals, complementing: Apollo 11, Apollo 13, Space Shuttle, International Space Station, Soyuz, Lunar Rover, Mars Rovers, Gemini, Voyager 1 & 2, and Rockets.The detailed technical story of man's largest and most powerful rocket to date, available for publication ahead of, or to coincide with, the 50th anniversary of the first Saturn V launch.Featuring a wealth of imagery and technical drawings from the NASA archive.The recent re-release of both Airfix and Revell plastic model kits of the Saturn V are a pointer to continued interest in the rocket.

Read more less

Book SynopsisOn two days in 1761 and 1769 hundreds of astronomers pointed their telescopes towards the skies to observe a rare astronomical event: the transit of Venus across the face of the sun.United by this momentous occasion, scientists from around the globe came together to answer the essential question: how can the universe be measured? In Chasing Venus Andrea Wulf paints a vivid portrait of the rivalries, triumphs and misfortunes that befell these men, along with their passion and determination to succeed. This extraordinary book tells their story and how one single event prompted the first international scientific collaboration.Trade ReviewAndrea Wulf's story of the chase is an enthralling, nail-biting thriller and will undoubtedly prove one of the non-fiction books of the year. Even if you fail to see the Transit, don't miss this wonderful book -- John Harding * Daily Mail *A fine example of scientific storytelling about astronomers of the Enlightenment observing the transit of Venus ... narrated with elegant expertise. -- Iain Finlayson * The Times *Historian Andrea Wulf’s Chasing Venus is beautifully paced, alternating between expe­ditions, with lush descriptions of the often arduous journeys involved. * Nature *[a] truly excellent book…Andrea Wulf tell[s] the rip-roaring tales of numerous expeditions that set off around the globe to observe the Venusian transit of 1761…[She] communicate[s] the verve and energy – not to mention the perilous nature – of the expeditions. -- Marcus Chown * New Scientist *It charts the story of a truly international effort; to not only observe the transit ... but to present the real quest that was to finally determine the distance between the Earth and the Sun ... [an] outstanding book! It's the book of the year so far – do not miss it! * Astronomy Now *

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe ideal gift for aspiring astronomers.The sights in our Solar System are dynamic reminders of our planet''s position as part of a larger neighbourhood. Study the ever-changing face of the Moon, watch the steady march of the planets against the stars, witness the thrill of a meteor shower, or the memory of a once-in-a-generation comet.In a few short generations, scientists have taken us from wondering about the nature of the Solar System to exploring every corner of it with advanced robotic probes, and inexpensive but powerful telescopes have become ubiquitous, allowing all of us to follow in the footsteps of Galileo as explorers.In this guide, you will learn how the Solar System came to be understood from ancient theories of its mechanics to the modern age of remote sensing, We''ll then look at the significant targets for amateur astronomers the Moon, Sun and planets to see how they can be explored by eye and with telescopes. We''ll discuss some of the more obscure but fascinatingTrade Review“… such an informative and concise read that any beginner would be wise to grab a copy.” BBC Sky at Night Magazine “High praise must be given for the photographs and diagrams that appear on each page: beautifully clear, accompanied with simple but to-the-point text… How he has packed so much in I do not know, but whatever his secret, it works.” BBC Sky at Night Magazine

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisBetween 1650 and 1750, four Catholic churches were the best solar observatories in the world. This book tells how these observatories came to be, how they worked, and what they accomplished, providing a magnificent corrective to long-standing oversimplified accounts of the hostility between science and religion.Trade Review[The] improbable tale [of an astrological instrument saving a church] is just one of the gems recovered by Heilbron in a book that lingers lovingly over these forgotten instruments. Once big science, now architectural curios not infrequently buried under flagstones and pews, gnomons (or meridian lines, as they are more properly called) lie at the luminous conjunction of mathematics, philosophy, architecture, astronomy and church politics. Dusted off in this idiosyncratic history of astronomy during the scientific revolution, they provide an occasion to revisit perennial questions about the relationship between science and religion, reason and faith...[Readers] will be surprised to discover what Heilbron shows: that the Catholic Church served as perhaps the largest patron of sophisticated astronomical research throughout the controversies over Copernicus and his sun-centered scheme. -- D. Graham Burnett * New York Times Book Review *Dr. Heilbron reveals the ubiquity of the solar observatories, which heretofore were little known among scholars. And he shows that the church was not necessarily seeking knowledge for knowledge's sake, a traditional aim of pure science. Rather, like many patrons, it wanted something practical in return for its investments: mainly the improvement of the calendar so church officials could more accurately establish the date of Easter. -- William J. Broad * New York Times *A book both elegant and learned, exploring the installation of vast (but often easily overlooked) astronomical instruments in major churches by authorities sometimes thought, wrongly, to have opposed astronomical research. * New York Times Book Review *In this elegant work, Heilbron recounts how in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the Roman Catholic Church fashioned several of its major cathedrals into precision instruments for studying the motions of the sun. The aim was to determine the time between vernal equinoxes, so that the dates for Easter could be forecast accurately...Heilbron, upending common views of the Church's relationship to science after it condemned Galileo, shows that Rome handsomely supported astronomical studies, accepting the Copernican hypothesis as a fiction convenient for calculation. * New Yorker *Heilbron's book tells of the struggle to determine dates more accurately, including a little-known aspect of the history of the calendar--the use of churches as giant sundials to make astronomical measurements. -- Kate Noble * Time *The historical perception of post-Renaissance Italian astronomy has become so over-charged with the Roman Catholic Church's condemnation of Galileo in 1633 that it is commonly assumed that no significant science took place south of the Alps until the 19th century. But, as John Heilbron's learned, elegant and finely phrased book reminds us, this was not the case...Though Heilbron supplies all the necessary geometry to demonstrate how the meridianae [(a solar measuring instrument)] were constructed and used within the great architectural masterpieces into which they were incorporated, his book is arranged and illustrated in such a way that non-mathematical persons can enjoy it. -- Allan Chapman * Times Higher Education Supplement *John Heilbron's book does tell a gripping story and with a splendid literary flair...By subtly inserting critical comments, the author evaluates the interactions of science in its gestation with the culture of those centuries and the repercussions that these interactions have has down to our own times. And so it becomes a story about people, and Heilbron tells it in a masterfully human way. -- George V. Coyne * Nature *In The Sun in the Church, historian John Heilbron argues convincingly that long-held interpretations [in astronomy] are too simplistic and must be revised...Heilbron tells an important story, one that is not so much neglected as unknown among historians of science. Even in histories of astronomy, there is usually only a passing reference to it. -- Albert Van Helden * Science *The spectacle of the image of the sun projected on meridian lines in several of the great Italian cathedrals is captured in the beautiful color plates highlighting this book...This excellent book explains the difficulties posed by the inconvenient lengths of the lunar month and solar year, and discusses how observations of the solar image crossing a precisely aligned mark could solve the problem...The book is well written. -- D. E. Hogg * Choice *Heilbron chronicles the ironic relationship between astronomy and the Catholic Church as it seeks the means to determine [the date for Easter]. This is the story of politically astute astronomers and cardinals who have to reconcile church doctrine with Galileo's universe...The text is filled with fine detail and is richly illustrated. An erudite and scholarly work. -- James Olson * Library Journal *J. L. Heilbron depicts the unusual intersection of architecture, science, ecclesiastical and civil history, mathematics and philosophy that led the church to construct the buildings only a few years after it martyred Galileo. Erudite, accessible and wryly humorous, Heilbron's engaging book is a first-rate work of science history. * Publishers Weekly *A fascinating history of astronomy that shows, as no other work has done so well, what happened to Italian science after Galileo's trial. An astonishing display of erudition and linguistic control, with a wealth of fine details, this is a major history that carves out a unique territory. -- Owen Gingerich, Harvard UniversityThe innumerate reader will learn much from Heilbron's book, and may come away with a different appreciation of the stars above us. -- Ingrid D. Rowland * New York Review of Books *He tells his story in rich detail, reconstructing characters and circumstances with ironic verve. His theme is the meridian lines (meridianae) laid down in the marble floors of cathedrals for quantifying the sun’s annual motion… Heilbron’s book is a treasure trove of fascinating information. -- Curtis Wilson * Isis *This excellent book adds a welcome complexity to the historiography of astronomy in the years after Galileo's abjuration allegedly brought Italian astronomy to its knees…Heilbron's book also reinterprets the relations of science and religion in the shadow of the Galileo affair. The novelty of his argument is neither that religion can stimulate astronomy…nor that ecclesiastical patronage encouraged learning…It is rather that the Church signally fertilized astronomy in an era when most historians portray the two as antagonists…[one] will appreciate the witty prose of the argument and the elegant design of this important book. -- Michael H. Shank * Renaissance Quarterly *The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories is a historical, well-documented, scholarly book concerned both with the use of churches in Italy during the 16th and 18th centuries to obtain observations of the sun for calendric and scientific purposes and with the relationship between the Church of Rome and the heliocentric views of many of the scientists of those times. -- Arnold M. Heiser * Science Books and Films *Heilbron combines the history of astronomy, mathematics, architecture, patronage, and religion to tell a story that very much alters the common picture of the progress in astronomy in the early modern period and the place of the Catholic Church in that history. The story is well told, and the mathematics is given in a way that could discourage only the most innumerate. -- Sheila J. Rabin * The Sixteenth Century Journal *J. L. Heilbron's remarkable book draws our attention to church users of a very different kind: early modern astronomers measuring the solar path to correct the shift of the ancient Julian calendar…The Sun in the Church tells their history in detail, alongside an exceptionally comprehensive and clear account of medieval and early modern astronomy…The Sun in the Church is an illuminous book, possibly as durable as the meridianae it celebrates. -- Sergio Sanabria * Technology and Culture *This book offers a different kind of travel guide for the 'mathematical tourist,' providing an itinerary of Italian cities and churches in which to find meridians, analemmas, armillary spheres and gnomons. These are good reminders of the role of the church in the history of science and testify to the fact that everything applied to the church, even the most apparently ornamental, served a didactic purpose. -- Paul A. Calter and Kim Williams * Nexus Network Journal *

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisLoran and GPS notwithstanding, there will always be a place for the sextant aboard any blue-water boat, if for no other reason than the thrill and mystery of finding one's position on earth by gazing at the heavens. Here is the indispensable reference that should accompany the instrument aboard. Cmdr. Bruce Bauer, a professional navigator and master mariner with the U.S. Merchant Marine, has distilled years of hands-on experience into an eminently readable guide to buying, adjusting, using, and repairing sextants.The Sextant Handbook is dedicated to the premise that electronic navigation devices, while too convenient to disregard, are too vulnerable to rely on exclusively. The book is designed to make beginner and expert alike conversant with this most beautiful and functional of the navigator's tools. Topics include: Assembly and Disassembly Vital Adjustments Avoiding Problems Rough Weather Sightings Oiling and Cleaning Immersion Baths Emergency STable of ContentsIntroductionChapter 1 A Short HistoryAstrolabeLatitude HookQuadrantCross StaffBack StaffSextantChapter 2 Elements of the Sextant and Four Vital AdjustmentsPerpendicularityFrame and Index MirrorFrame and Horizon GlassParallelismIndex Mirror and Horizon GlassTelescope and FrameAdjustment ProceduresChapter 3 Attachments and AccessoriesAstigmatizersDouble Star PrismWide View Horizon GlassDavis Prism LevelBubble Horizon AttachmentNeck StrapsVisual AidsChapter 4 Care, Maintenance, and RepairOiling and CleaningImmersion Bath ProceduresHow to HoldWhere to Put DownMounted Sextant BoxesEmergency Silvering TechniquesApplying PaintResilvering Horizon GlassChapter 5 How to Buy a SextantWhere to Find ThemPricesFive Ground Rules to Avoid ProblemsTaking Test SightsInterstellar Test TableDiscovering the Dropped SextantReconditioning CostsChapter 6 Sighting TechniquesInversion for LocationPrecalculating AzimuthsRocking or Swinging an ArcSun's Upper LimbShades for Sun, Moon, and VenusCorrecting for False HorizonRough Weather Sighting TechniquesMaking a MonocleChapter 7 Correcting the SightThe Thirteen ErrorsCorrecting for Moon, Venus, and MarsCorrecting for Wave HeightChapter 8 Timing the Sight AccuratelyThe Hack WatchUsing a Tape RecorderCounting Paces and StopwatchesAttaching Stopwatch to SextantChapter 9 Searching for StarsThe Necessity for PreplanningFinding SunriseUsing the Rude Star FinderConverting Local TimeUsing H.O. Pub. No. 249Making and Using a Wrist BoardChapter 10 Sextants of TomorrowIs the Sextant Doomed?Coming DevelopmentsAppendixesA--Sextant Check ProceduresB--Sextant ManufacturersC--Distribution and DealersD--The Navigator's Basic Tool KitE--Making and Using an Artificial HorizonF--Table of Interstellar Angles for Practice Sighting and Sextant TestingG--Useful AddressesBibliographyIndex

Read more less

Book SynopsisAstronomy Methods, first published in 2003, is an introduction to the basic practical tools, methods and phenomena that underlie quantitative astronomy. Taking a technical approach, the author covers a rich diversity of topics across all branches of astronomy, from radio to gamma-ray wavelengths. Topics include the quantitative aspects of the electromagnetic spectrum, atmospheric and interstellar absorption, telescopes in all wavebands, interferometry, adaptive optics, the transport of radiation through matter to form spectral lines, and neutrino and gravitational-wave astronomy. Clear, systematic presentations of the topics are accompanied by diagrams and problem sets. Written for undergraduates and graduate students, this book contains a wealth of information that is required for the practice and study of quantitative and analytical astronomy and astrophysics.Trade Review'… a brilliant addition to the pedagogy. It is timely, focused, well written, and at the appropriate level … Astronomy Methods will be useful to all students of astronomy and astrophysics, irrespective of whether they intend to specialize in observational astronomy. The material can be adapted easily for various related courses, which makes the book even more valuable.' Physics TodayTable of Contents1. Astronomy through the centuries; 2. Electromagnetic radiation; 3. Co-ordinate systems and charts; 4. Gravity, celestial motions, and time; 5. Telescopes; 6. Detectors and statistics; 7. Multiple telescope interferometry; 8. Point-like and extended sources; 9. Properties and distances of celestial objects; 10. Absorption and scattering of photons; 11. Spectra of electromagnetic radiation; 12. Astronomy beyond photons.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe book aims to present current knowledge concerning the propagation of electro­ magnetic waves in a homogeneous magnetoplasma for which temperature effects are unimportant. It places roughly equal emphasis on the radio and the . hydromagnetic parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. The dispersion properties of a magnetoplasma are treated as a function both of wave frequency (assumed real) and of ionization density. However, there is little discussion of propagation in a stratified medium, for of collisions is included only which reference may be made to Budden [1] . The effect in so far as this can be done with simplicity. The book describes how pulses are radiated from both small and large antennas embedded in a homogeneous magneto­ plasma. The power density radiated from a type of dipole antenna is studied as a function of direction of radiation in all bands of wave frequency. Input reactance is not treated, but the dependence of radiation resistance on wave frequency is described for the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Also described is the relation between beaming and guidance for Alfven waves.Table of Contents1. Elementary properties of a plasma.- Plasma.- Equations of drift motion.- Isothermal atmosphere in equilibrium.- Types of wave.- Effect of collisions.- The continuity equations.- 2. Maxwell’s equations.- Equations in terms of current and charge densities.- Equations in terms of electric moment per unit volume.- The exponential wave function.- The concept of a dispersion relation.- Calculation of the dispersion relation (electric current method).- Calculation of the dispersion relation (electric moment method).- 3. Isotropic plasma.- Mobility and conductivity of an isotropic plasma.- Susceptibility and dielectric constant of a collisionless isotropic plasma.- The plasma frequency.- Refractive index of a collisionless isotropic plasma.- Wave dispersion in a collisionless isotropic plasma.- Effect of collisions in an isotropic plasma.- Importance of ordered kinetic energy in a plasma.- Poynting’s theorem in a plasma.- The energy significance of the complex dielectric constant of an isotropic plasma.- 4. Alternating current in a magnetoplasma.- Mobility tensor for a magnetoplasma.- Conductivity tensor for a magnetoplasma.- Low-frequency conduction properties of an infinite homogenous magnetoplasma.- Low-frequency conduction properties of a slab of magnetoplasma.- Effect of plasma scale on wave propagation.- 5. General properties of phase propagation in a magnetoplasma.- Susceptibility tensor for a magnetoplasma.- Alternative expressions for the susceptibility tensor components in the absence of multiple ion species.- Dispersion relation for a magnetoplasma.- Elliptic polarization.- Alternative derivation of the dispersion relation for a magnetoplasma.- The radio and hydromagnetic approximations.- Effect of collisions in a magnetoplasma.- 6. General properties of group propagation in a magnetoplasma.- Frequency and angular spectra.- Velocity of a wave packet.- Relation between phase and group propagation.- Method for calculating group velocity in a magnetoplasma.- Formulae for group velocity in a magnetoplasma.- Beam radiation in a magnetoplasma.- 7. Propagation of phase along the imposed magnetic field.- Circular polarization.- The dispersion relation for longitudinal propagation.- Longitudinal Alfvén waves.- The violin-string approach to longitudinal Alfven waves.- The hydromagnetic approximation for longitudinal propagation.- The radio approximation for longitudinal propagation.- The Eckersley approximation for longitudinal propagation.- Comparison of approximations.- Pass and stop bands of frequency for longitudinal propagation.- Particle vibration for longitudinal propagation.- Plasma motion in a longitudinal Alfvén wave.- Longitudinal propagation in low-density and high-density magnetoplasmas.- Effect of collisions on longitudinal propagation.- Effect of an additional ion species on longitudinal propagation.- Pass and stop bands of ionization density for longitudinal propagation.- 8. Energy flow and group velocity for longitudinal propagation.- Electromagnetic energy density for longitudinal propagation.- Kinetic energy density for longitudinal propagation.- Energy flow and group velocity for longitudinal propagation.- Energy in a longitudinal Alfvén wave.- Faraday rotation for longitudinal Alfvén waves.- A resonator for longitudinal Alfvén waves.- The mode of operation of a hydromagnetic violin-string.- Freezing of the magnetic field in the plasma (longitudinal Alfven waves).- Energy in a longitudinal whistler wave in the band ?Mi ? ? ? ?Me.- A resonator for longitudinal whistler waves in the band ?Mi ? ? ? ?Me.- Freezing of the magnetic field in the electron gas (longitudinal whistler wave).- Solid-state plasmas.- 9. Propagation of phase transverse to the imposed magnetic field.- The O wave.- The X wave.- Superposition of the O and X waves.- Pass and stop bands of frequency for transverse propagation.- The hybrid resonant frequencies.- Transverse propagation in a low-density magnetoplasma.- Pass and stop bands of ionization density for transverse propagation.- Effect of collisions on transverse propagation.- 10. Elliptic polarization of the X wave for transverse propagation.- The electric ellipse for transverse propagation of the X wave.- Frequency dependence of the electric ellipse.- Particle vibration for transverse propagation of the X wave.- Plasma compressions and dilations for transverse propagation of the X wave.- Non-reciprocity.- 11. Energy behaviour of the X wave for transverse propagation.- Electromagnetic energy density for transverse propagation of the X wave.- Kinetic energy density for transverse propagation of the X wave.- Energy flow and group velocity for transverse propagation of the X wave.- A resonator for transverse Alfvén waves.- The mode of operation of a hydromagnetic organ-pipe.- Freezing of the magnetic field in the plasma (transverse Alfvén waves).- 12. Propagation at any angle to the imposed magnetic field..- The zeros in the frequency dispersion curves.- Nomenclature for the characteristic waves.- The cross-connection phenomenon for frequency dispersion curves.- Frequency dispersion curves for nearly transverse propagation.- Frequency dispersion curves for nearly longitudinal propagation.- The elliptic polarizations of the O and X waves at the plasma frequency.- Effect of an additional ion species on cross-connection phenomena.- The infinities in the frequency dispersion curves.- Permitted regions for the frequency dispersion curves.- The cross-connection phenomenon for ionization dispersion curves.- Permitted regions for the ionization dispersion curves.- Propagation into a magnetoplasma from free space.- 13. The radio approximation.- The radio approximation to the dispersion relation.- Frequency dispersion curves in the radio band.- Frequency dependence of elliptic polarization in the radio band.- Frequency dependence of the direction of group propagation in the radio band.- Variation in the angle of squint of a rotating broadside antenna in the radio band.- Dependence of refractive index on ionization density in the radio band.- Dependence of elliptic polarization on ionization density in the radio band.- Dependence of the direction of group propagation on ionization density in the radio band.- 14. The hydromagnetic approximation.- The hydromagnetic approximation to the dispersion relation.- Frequency dispersion curves in the hydromagnetic band.- Effect of ionic collisions in the hydromagnetic band.- The fit between the hydromagnetic and radio approximations.- Frequency dependence of elliptic polarization in the hydromagnetic band.- Frequency dependence of the tilts of the electronic and current ellipses in the hydromagnetic band.- Frequency dependence of the direction of group propagation in the hydromagnetic band.- Polar diagrams for group velocity in the hydromagnetic band.- Dependence of refractive index on ionization density in the hydromagnetic band.- Dependence of elliptic polarization on ionization density in the hydromagnetic band.- Dependence of the direction of group propagation on ionization density in the hydromagnetic band.- 15. The quasi-longitudinal and quasi-transverse approximations.- The transition angle between the quasi-longitudinal and quasi-transverse approximations.- The regions of validity for the first- order angular approximations.- Importance of avoiding angular approximations that upset an infinity of a refractive index.- The regions of validity for angular approximations of practical value.- Accuracy of ?2n/??p2 using angular approximations.- The quasi-transverse approximation when ? ? ?Mi.- The quasi-longitudinal approximation when ? ? Max(?N,?Me).- The quasi-longitudinal approximation when ?Mi ? ? < ?Me ? ?N.- Group propagation for the whistler wave when ??1 ? ? < ?Me ? ?N.- Comparison of the zero-order quasi-longitudinal approximation in the whistler band with the unapproximated formulae.- 16. Directional behaviour of group velocity in a magnetoplasma.- Group propagation of the X wave in the pass band ? > ?C2.- Group propagation of the O wave in the pass band ? > ?N.- Group propagation in the upper part of the whistler band [??1 < ? < Min(?N,?Me)].- Group propagation in the lower part of the whistler band (? ? ??1).- Group propagation of the O wave in the pass band ? < ?Mi.- Group propagation of the X wave in the pass band ?C1 ?Me.- Group propagation of the X wave in the pass band ?C1 < ? < ??2 when ?N < ?Me.- 17. The field of an antenna in a magnetoplasma.- Axes of coordinates.- Angular spectra of O and X waves.- The predominant directions of group and phase propagation in the far field.- The method of steepest descent.- Simplification of the notation.- The power density in the far field.- Use of the angle of phase propagation as an independent variable.- Radiation from a gaussian dipole in a homogeneous magnetoplasma.- A reference isotropic medium.- Radiation ?C2.- Radiation in the frequency band ?C2 > ? > ??2.- Radiation in the frequency band ?? > ? > ?N.- Radiation in the frequency band ?N > ? > ?C1.- Radiation in the frequency band ?Me > ? > ??1.- Radiation in the frequency band ??1 > ? > ?Mi.- Radiation in the frequency band ? < ?Mi.- Frequency dependence of radiation resistance.- The relation between beaming and guidance in a homogeneous magnetoplasma.- The relation between beaming and guidance for the whistler wave when ??1 < ? ? Min (?N, ?Me).- The relation between beaming and guidance for the O wave when ? ? ?Mi.- The relation between beaming and guidance for the combined O and X waves when ? ? ?Mi.- Effect of energy absorption on Alfvén guidance.- Symbols.- Index of subjects.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas set a new high standard for modern celestial cartography. The same team now presents the interstellarum Deep Sky Guide, its unique observing companion. Taking an intuitive visual approach, for each spread of the Atlas, the Guide focuses on carefully selected objects, either as colored composite POSS plates or through the authors'' own eyepiece sketches. They allow you to estimate the visibility of features in the telescope while planning observations. Stars and other objects in the vicinity are highlighted, so they also serve as finder charts at night. An index map on each spread allows you to quickly find each object''s location in the Atlas. The interstellarum Deep Sky Guide takes all the hassle out of preparing for observing sessions - there''s no need to print star charts or photos. Simply grab your Atlas and your Guide, and go observe!Table of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; Introduction; Key maps; List of catalog abbreviations; Map charts; Index of deep-sky objects.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisPixInsight has taken the astro-imaging world by storm. As the first comprehensive postprocessing platform to be created by astro-imagers for astro-imagers, it has for many replaced other generic graphics editors as the software of choice. PixInsight has been embraced by professionals such as the James Webb (and Hubble) Space Telescope's science imager Joseph DePasquale and Calar Alto's Vicent Peris, as well as thousands of amateurs around the world. While PixInsight is extremely powerful, very little has been printed on the subject. The first edition of this book broke that mold, offering a comprehensive look into the software’s capabilities. This second edition expands on the several new processes added to the PixInsight platform since that time, detailing and demonstrating each one with a now-expanded workflow. Addressing topics such as PhotometricColorCalibration, Large-Scale Pixel Rejection, LocalNormalization and a host of other functions, this text remains the authoritative guide to PixInsight.Table of ContentsPreface.- Acknowledgements.- About the Author.- Part 1: Preprocessing.- Chapter 1: Image Evaluation.- Chapter 2: Calibration and Integration.- Chapter 3: Cosmetic Correction.- Chapter 4: One-Shot Color.- Chapter 5: Star Alignment.- Chapter 6: Image Integration.- Chapter 7: Batch Preprocessing.- Part 2: Linear Post-Processing.- Chapter 8: File Preparation.- Chapter 9: Background Modelization.- Chapter 10: Introduction to Masks.- Chapter 11: Deconvolution.- Chapter 12: Linear Color Processing and Noise Reduction.- Part 3: Nonlinear Post-Processing.- Chapter 13: Delinearization and LRGB Combination.- Chapter 14: A Look Back.- Chapter 15: Nonlinear Noise Reduction.- Chapter 16: High Dynamic Range Compression.- Chapter 17: Contrast and Sharpness.- Chapter 18: Color Saturation.- Chapter 19: Fine Finishers.- Chapter 20: Archiving and Exporting.- Chapter 21: Learning by Example: One-Shot Color and Monochromatic Workflow.- Part 4: Special Processing.- Chapter 22: Multiscale, Drizzle, High Dynamic Range, and Comet Techniques.- Chapter 23: Narrowband Processing.- Chapter 24: Mosaic Processing.- Chapter 25: More Insight.- Afterword.- Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAnswers to the mysteries of the cosmos for inquiring minds.Explore the entire cosmos in 101 fascinating topics from mind-blowing numbers, astonishing sights, to strange-but-true discoveries and everything in between.Feed your cosmic curiosity with this comprehensive guide to the Universe, featuring 101 out-of-this-world astronomical facts, discoveries and innovations. From gravitational curls to strange new worlds; the night sky to the end of time you're sure to find something you never knew before in this mind-expanding book, and with stunning images from the latest and greatest observatories, every turn of the page offers a visual treat. It's the perfect gift for earthlings who love to learn.Trade Review“Kerss’ writing is engaging as always and his science rock-solid, accompanied by stunning images from telescopes around the world, including the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes, which are always especially breathtaking when seen in print.” BBC Sky at Night “A compendium of the most exciting topics in space—from tantalizing exomoons to mysterious dark matter—Kerss’ authoritative and entertaining style helps make this a must-read for anyone with even a passing interest in space and astronomy.” Forbes Magazine

Read more less

Book SynopsisCombining practical stargazing information and advice, the insights of internationally renowned astronomers and the history, technological advances and art revering the night sky, Collins Stargazer''s Bible is a stunning celebration of the remarkable sky above.Brimming with full-colour photography and artwork, Collins Stargazer''s Bible offers engaging tips on identifying stars, planetary bodies and celestial events, as well as discovering more about the history, technological advances and art of the night sky. With detailed star charts and constellation profiles, plus visual accounts of the planets, comets, galaxies and eclipses, readers will learn how to identify the phenomena of the night sky, the best equipment to use and how to care for it, as well as how to create stunning astrophotography and art, how to avoid light pollution and make the most of the sky above in urban and suburban surroundings, and how to be dark-sky and conservation advocates. Full of stunning illustrations and packed with practical advice and hands-on projects, Collins Stargazer''s Bible is the ultimate guide for novice stargazers, eagers astronomers, budding astrophotographers and astrophysicists, nature-lovers and anyone seeking to learn more about the wonder of the night sky.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe perfect gift for anyone eager to learn more about the Red PlanetDiscover all you need to know about Mars including the historic, cultural and scientific background and exploratory missions with this accessible guide for aspiring and seasoned astronomers, packed full of stunning images. Learn about humanity's fascination with Mars from antiquity to the modern day Read about the evolution of the planet, its moons and all the facts and figures Discover how to study Mars with the essential equipment for observation and photography Comes with an Atlas to help you find your way around the planet when looking at images Includes resources for further study and a glossary of key termsMars gives you a complete understanding of one of the true wonders of our Solar System and leaves you prepared for the adventure of a lifetime, including what the future holds and the potential for manned missions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA stunning gift for admirers of astrophotography.From the number one Astronomy publisher, this book showcases the most spectacular space photography, taken from locations across the globe. Marvel at the wonders of the universe captured by the most talented astrophotographers.Be captivated by 140 winning and shortlisted images from the 2023 Astronomy Photographer of the Year competition, hosted by the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. These awe-inspiring images are submitted in several categories: Skyscapes, Our Sun, Galaxies, Our Moon, Aurorae, Planets, Comets and Asteroids, People and Space, Stars and Nebulae. Plus Best Newcomer, Image Innovation and Young Competitor categories. Each image is accompanied by caption, photographer, location and technical details. There is also a location map showing the origin of all images and a visual appendix of all images.The judges are from an expert panel of distinguished astronomy experts.The ExhibitionThe National Maritime Museum hosts an exhibition of the winners of the Astronomy Photographer of the Year competition, showcasing these incredible images of the sky.www.rmg.co.uk/astrophotoTrade Review“Spectacular views of the universe” - The Guardian “Insight Astronomy Photos of the year are stellar and stunning” - Irish Examiner “It’s always amazing to see how photographers push the boundaries each year in this competition and the quality of the work in this book is phenomenal. Astronomers love to be inspired by the images and everybody, including those with only a passing interest in the night sky, will be wowed by them. This is a must-have “coffee table book” that you will keep wanting to look through again and again.” - Mary McIntyre FRAS

Read more less

Book SynopsisA beautiful gift for beginner and seasoned stargazers alikeTrade Review“Spectacular views of the universe” The Guardian “Insight Astronomy Photos of the year are stellar and stunning” Irish Examiner

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn the tradition of Dava Sobel''s Longitude' comes sailing expert David Barrie''s compelling and dramatic tale of invention and discovery an eloquent elegy to one of the most important navigational instruments ever created, and the daring mariners who used it to explore, conquer, and map the world.This is the dramatic story of an instrument that changed history. Built around David Barrie's own transatlantic passage using the very same navigational tools as Captain Cook, Sextant tells how one of the most vital navigational instruments was invented and used and why the golden age of celestial navigation has now come to an end. From Cook, Bligh and Vancouver to Bougainville, La Pérouse, Flinders and FitzRoy, Barrie recounts the fortunes of the explorers who risked their lives in charting the Pacific, as well as the intrepid adventures of Slocum, Shackleton and Worsley. A heady mix of history, science and adventure, this elegy to a lost technology is infused with the wonder of discovery Trade Review‘As lovingly and painstakingly constructed as the navigators’ one irreplaceable talisman, this exquisite book is a hymn to a now-vanishing feature of maritime life, a finely-chased reminder of just how much we all owe to that one small piece of apparatus, its verniers and lenses kept secure in a mahogany box, closed by a hasp of brass’ Simon Winchester ‘Barrie’s writing is exhilarating and suffused with a sense of adventure. A fascinating read’ Financial Times ‘What gives Sextant its special colour is Barrie’s own experience as a sailor … His book is an elegy for the days before GPS made simultaneous geniuses and idiots of us all … He invites anyone near the sea, and above all on a boat, to turn away from their screens and look around’ Daily Express ‘A bracing historical tale’ The Times ‘An excellent present for anyone even vaguely interested in thestars, or the history of exploration, or sailing small boats overbig oceans, or come to think of it anyone at all. And buy a copyfor yourself while you’re about it’ Marine Quarterly ‘A joy to read … one of the most interesting and enjoyable books I’ve read in years’ Flying Fish, magazine of the Ocean Cruising Club

Read more less

Book SynopsisAll the winning and shortlisted images from the 2013 Astronomy Photographer of the Year competition, which is organized by the Royal Observatory, Greenwich.Trade Review"a magnificent treat for astronomers everywhere" Good Book Guide “This is an ideal gift for lovers of photography, astronomy and the natural world.” The Irish News "A truly stunning collection of images from some of the world's top amateur astrophotographers" – Will Gater (Astronomer) “a useful guide for anyone hoping to develop their astrophotography skills.” Outdoor Photography

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe ideal gift for all amateur and seasoned astronomers. “This is a great guide to the night sky at a great price” Astronomy Now “A handy and straightforward guide.” British Astronomical Association's 'Journal' “an ideal Christmas stocking-filler” The ObservatoryTrade Review“A handy and straightforward guide.” British Astronomical Association's 'Journal' “an ideal Christmas stocking-filler” The Observatory “This is a great guide to the night sky at a great price” Astronomy Now

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book by one of the leaders in adaptive optics covers the fundamental theory and then describes in detail how this technology can be applied to large ground-based telescopes to compensate for the effects of atmospheric turbulence. It includes information on basic adaptive optics components and technology, and has chapters devoted to atmospheric turbulence, optical image structure, laser beacons, and overall system design. The chapter on system design is particularly detailed and includes performance estimation and optimization. Combining a clear discussion of physical principles with numerous real-world examples, this book will be a valuabe resource for all graduate students and researchers in astronomy and optics.Trade Review"While any of the four [monographs available in the field of adaptive optics] is suitable for use in a graduate class in observational astronomy, by far the best of them is Adaptive Optics for Astronomical Telescopes, by John Hardy, a pioneer in adaptive optics who, as adaptive-optics project leader at ITEK Corp, led the research and technology effort that culminated in the first operational military adaptive optics system in 1981. Hardy's book . . . would be an outstanding choice for a graduate class, because each topic is explained completely from basic principles to the ultimate level of complexity. . . . Once one is immersed in the rhythm of the presentation, the book is a pleasure to read. The strengths of Hardy's work include his knowledge of the US military literature in this field and his even-handed presentation of the many competing technologies that contribute to an adaptive-optics system."--Physics Today "While any of the four [monographs available in the field of adaptive optics] is suitable for use in a graduate class in observational astronomy, by far the best of them is Adaptive Optics for Astronomical Telescopes, by John Hardy, a pioneer in adaptive optics who, as adaptive-optics project leader at ITEK Corp, led the research and technology effort that culminated in the first operational military adaptive optics system in 1981. Hardy's book . . . would be an outstanding choice for a graduate class, because each topic is explained completely from basic principles to the ultimate level of complexity. . . . Once one is immersed in the rhythm of the presentation, the book is a pleasure to read. The strengths of Hardy's work include his knowledge of the US military literature in this field and his even-handed presentation of the many competing technologies that contribute to an adaptive-optics system."--Physics TodayTable of ContentsAPPENDICES

Read more less

Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction: The place of space bioethics in the philosophy and ethics of space missions 2. Introduction to human health risks in space and the methodology of space bioethics 3. Biomedical human enhancement 4. Germline gene editing and embryo selection for future long-term space missions 5. Justification of human enhancement versus rationale for space missions 6. Is the bioethics of space missions different from bioethics on Earth? 7. Moral bioenhancement in long-term space missions 8. Space Bioethics, Population Ethics, and Space Colonization 9. Conclusions 10. Appendix 1. Bioethics of space missions in the light of futures studies

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn August 2017, 100 million will gather across the USA to watch a total solar eclipse. This book, written by the widely read popular science author Frank Close, describes the spellbinding allure of this most beautiful natural phenomenon, taking the reader to a war zone in the Western Sahara, to the South Pacific, and to the African bush.Trade ReviewEntertaining, inspiring, and highly informative. * John Riutta, Astronomy, Featured Book Reviews *Science and wonder mix seamlessly in this tale. * The Weekly Standard *A down-to-earth, lyrical account of solar eclipses, centering on his [Frank's] trips to Africa, the South Pacific and other locales where he pursues, with a mix of intrepid zest and mathematical precision, total solar eclipses. Eclipse beautifully blends these travel narratives with the history of eclipses. * Shelf Awareness *The author artfully weaves together his own experiences and an explanation of the phenomenon. * Kirkus Reviews *Close's simple, winding, and occasionally evocative language is tinged with nostalgia, and his readers will see both the humanist and scientific elements involved in the "exquisite alignment of sun, moon, and earth." Close provides eyewitness account from regular people and personal reflections on seeing totality, convincingly demonstrating that there is nothing better than standing in lunar darkness and feeling 'humbled by the ability of science to predict'. * Publishers Weekly *Close's book, combining the rigour of a scientist with the excitement of a layman, is [a] perfect primer.More than just a primer on the science of solar eclipses, this memoir chronicles a physicists lifetime fascination with the celestial phenomenon and introduces readers to the quirky world of eclipse chasers. * Science News Books of the Year *There are a plethora of guides to eclipse chasing that will satisfy those who want to know all the whys and wherefores of predicting and observing eclipses ... The reader does get a real sense of the lasting impact these eclipses have had on Close and the feeling that being present in the umbral shadow is an experience not to be missed. As an introduction to eclipses and the places eclipse watching might take you, this is an interesting read. * Steve Bell, Observatory Magazine *Table of Contents1: Peterborough 30 June 1954 2: Waiting for Godot 3: Preparation 4: Cornwall: 11 August 1999 5: June 21st is Midwinter's Day 6: "Who's arranged this eclipse?" 7: Earthshine in the Sahara: Libya 2006 8: The most remote eclipses 9: Atlantic Adventure 10: Back to the Future Epilogue: Everything under the Sun is in Tune

Read more less

Book Synopsis''fascinating''Brian CoxThis is the story of citizen science. Where once astronomers sat at the controls of giant telescopes in remote locations, praying for clear skies, now they have no need to budge from their desks, as data arrives in their inbox. And what they receive is overwhelming; projects now being built provide more data in a few nights than in the whole of humanity''s history of observing the Universe. It''s not just astronomy either--dealing with this deluge of data is the major challenge for scientists at CERN, and for biologists who use automated cameras to spy on animals in their natural habitats. Artificial intelligence is one part of the solution--but will it spell the end of human involvement in scientific discovery?No, argues Chris Lintott. We humans still have unique capabilities to bring to bear--our curiosity, our capacity for wonder, and, most importantly, our capacity for surprise. It seems that humans and computers working together do better than computers can on their own. But with so much scientific data, you need a lot of scientists--a crowd, in fact. Lintott found such a crowd in the Zooniverse, the web-based project that allows hundreds of thousands of enthusiastic volunteers to contribute to science.In this book, Lintott describes the exciting discoveries that people all over the world have made, from galaxies to pulsars, exoplanets to moons, and from penguin behaviour to old ship''s logs. This approach builds on a long history of so-called ''citizen science'', given new power by fast internet and distributed data. Discovery is no longer the remit only of scientists in specialist labs or academics in ivory towers. It''s something we can all take part in. As Lintott shows, it''s a wonderful way to engage with science, yielding new insights daily. You, too, can help explore the Universe in your lunch hour.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition Lintott is a great storyteller with a knack for witty anecdotes. Once you start reading, his book is hard to put away. * BBC Sky at Night *Lintott deftly interweaves personal experience and more philosophical ruminations on public participation in science. * Michael West, Nature *The Crowd and the Cosmos has a very conversational style... Not only does Lintott cover citizen science initiatives, but he captures, in an easy-to-understand manner, a number of cutting-edge astronomical research topics... Who knows what is waiting to be discovered in the numerous collected data sets available on the Zooniverse? Thanks to this book, perhaps I will contribute in a small way to the next big discovery. * Matthew Hodgson, Astronomy Now *With a light-handed touch, a passion that shines through, and fun footnotes to make the reader chuckle, the author uncovers the bafflingly-infinite properties of the universe and people and penguins too. * OX Magazine *...very readable, entertaining and informative... Well worth a read. * Martin Richmond-Hardy, OASI Newsletter *The Crowd & the Cosmos is a reminder that the Internet has also given rise to networks of positive accomplishment and that human intuition can still exceed algorithms and artificial intelligence. * Shepherd Express *The Crowd and the Cosmos is a superbly written insight into the unique and powerful contribution enthusiasts from all walks of life can make to scientific knowledge. It is also a fascinating and much-needed description of how we acquire reliable knowledge about nature, from the search for planets and perhaps civilizations around distant stars to observations of penguins in the Antarctic and what they can teach us about the impact we are having on our own world. * Brian Cox *Chris Lintott is a modest genius. He has quietly revolutionised modern astronomy (and a few other branches of science) by using digital platforms to involve the public. Anyone who wants to contribute some of their spare time is invited, through Chris's Zooniverse projects, to participate in real science. Literally millions have taken up the invitation. This is a beautifully readable book, which tells the story of the Zooniverse and much more. Chris is delightfully anecdotal, inclusive and witty, yet never shirks in-depth explanations of the cutting-edge science he's delivering to us, almost before we realise it - this is the New Age of Science for All! * Brian May *The Crowd and the Cosmos gives an authentic flavour of astronomical research and its appeal. But it's especially significant because it offers a first-hand account of how Chris Lintott conceived and led the 'Zooniverse' project, thereby enabling huge numbers to participate in significant research, and even make important discoveries. His pioneering initiative has spawned similar programmes in naval history, conservation and other subjectstriggering a benign social revolution in scholarship and education. * Martin Rees *[A] highly readable book. * David Lorimer, Paradigm Explorer *[Lintott] reflects with passion and curiosity on the detective work needed to explain the mysteries of the Universe. * Lea Shanley, Science Magazine *Table of ContentsPreface 1: Finding planets 2: How science is done 3: The crowd and the cosmos 4: No new ideas 5: Into the Zooniverse 6: Too many penguins 7: Things that go bang in the night 8: Serendipity 9: Humans versus computers Further reading Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisPraise for the previous edition''A relaxed, well-written and information-packed expedition discovering the history of eclipses'' - The Sky at NightA complete guide to the most stunning of celestial sights, a total eclipse of the Sun Totality: The Great North American Eclipse of 2024 is the most comprehensive source of information, photographs, and illustrations to help readers understand and safely enjoy all aspects of solar eclipses. It includes information on how best to photograph and video record an eclipse, as well as abundant maps, diagrams, and charts, as well as covering the science, history, mythology, and folklore of eclipses.This new edition focuses especially on the eclipse of April 8, 2024 that passes across Mexico, the United States, and Canada, including detailed maps, precise locations, and weather prospects.Trade ReviewTotal eclipses of the sun are the most spellbinding sights in the heavens, and Littmann and Espenak's Totality is far and away the most complete and authoritative guide to why, where, and how to see them. Filled with useful observing tips and maps, it's a must-read for experiencing the great US solar eclipse of April, 2024, and an enduring reference for eclipse watching in the future. * Larry Marschall, Professor of Physics, Emeritus, Gettysburg College *This is a richly informative guide for viewing the Total Solar Eclipse of 2024. It probably answers every question you might have had about this upcoming event as well as some that you probably have not thought of. For anyone planning to travel to see this eclipse the information on weather and viewing locations will be invaluable. * Joe Rao, Associate and Guest Lecturer, American Museum of Natural History *The authors provide an essential run-up to the great total solar eclipse of April 8, 2024 with an interesting history of past solar eclipses together with predictions for where, and how, to best observe the coming event. There are also enough observer anecdotes and testimonies of past eclipses to convince even the most reluctant travelers to make an effort in 2024 to seek out mother natures' rare, but unparalleled, celestial performance. * Donald K. Yeomans, NASA/JPL Senior Research Scientist *A total eclipse of the Sun is a fascinating and moving event of great scientific interest. This book is packed with information and is ideal for anyone hoping to witness the 2024 eclipse, whether an experienced eclipse chaser or a first timer * Professor Philippa Browning, Jodrell Bank Centre of Astrophysics, University of Manchester *This is a book rich with wonders, revelations, and delights—visual as well as intellectual. There is just something so astounding about a total solar eclipse (I've been privileged to witness two), and Littmann and Espenak have captured that. They help us comprehend the how, the when, and the why of those few moments, as we gaze into the eyeball of majesty. Get ready for 2024. * Dr David Quammen, author of Spillover and The Song of the Dodo, among others *The authors serve up a splendid repast of eclipse adventure, history, science, travel, and story that captures the excitement and anticipation of one of nature's grandest spectacles. The evolution of the eclipse experience is reconstructed through the amulets of ancient China and the cuneiform tablets of Babylon, the geometric contrivances of Greek philosophers, and the discoveries of Renaissance, Victorian, and 19th-century scientists, all interspersed with an emotional smorgasbord of personal eclipse stories. Written by two experienced "eclipse chasers," Totality offers suggestions on travel, site selection, photography, and, best of all, how to just watch and absorb the unfolding, too-short, celestial drama. An invaluable composition, to be read before the 2024 eclipse and those that follow. * Jay Anderson, Eclipse climatologist *If there is a more complete modern book describing solar eclipses, I haven't found it. "Totality: The Great North American Eclipse of 2024" describes how, where, and why humans are privileged to see these events. This book offers much more than information on the 2024 total eclipse. Wrapped in history, it tells stories of observers' experiences during eclipses. I am impressed with how thorough these historical biographies and reports are. Successes, failures, surprises, coincidences... It has them all. * Stephen J. Edberg, Astronomer, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (retired) *Review from previous edition Plenty of professional expertise in its overall contents. * Owen Gingerich, Times Literary Supplement *The most thorough on the practicalities of viewing an eclipse... It's a great reference book. * Stuart Clark, New Scientist *At £25, this book is an extremely useful, affordable guide to both of these magnificent astronomical phenomena. * Steve Bell, Observatory Magazine *The purpose of this book is to prepare the readers for the two total solar eclipses in the US ... Everything the readers need to be efficient eclipse observers is here. * B. Ishak, Contemporary Physics *Total solar eclipses have terrified and fascinated people for millennia. Littman and Espenak describe the history and science of solar eclipses, with stories about how eclipse enthusiasts were affected by these spectacular events. If you haven't seen a total solar eclipse, this book will prepare you for the experience of a lifetime. * Ralph Chou, Professor Emeritus, School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo *Table of Contents1: The Experience of Totality 2: The Great Celestial Cover-Up 3: Ancient Efforts to Understand 4: Eclipses in Mythology 5: The Strange Behavior of Man and Beast: Long Ago 6: The Sun at Work 7: The First Eclipse Chasers 8: The Eclipse that Made Einstein Famous 9: The Eclipse that Made Einstein Famous 10: Eye Safety During Solar Eclipses 11: The Strange Behavior of Man and Beast: Modern Times 12: Eclipse Photography 13: Remembering the All-American Eclipse of 2017 14: Coming Back to America: The Eclipse of 2024 15: The Weather Outlook 16: When Is the Next One? Total Eclipses: 2025-2033 17: Eclipses: Cosmic Perspective, Human Perspective

Read more less

Book SynopsisFocusing on the aspects of Galileo's scientific life that extended beyond court culture and patronage, this title offers an account of the different systems of exchanges, communication, and credibility at work in Galileo's career. It is intended for readers interested in the history of astronomy and the history of science in general.Trade Review"Biagioli reinterprets key episodes of Galileo's career and shows how his tactics rapidly shifted to match his changing circumstances. His study presents a fresh and interesting view of the challenges faced by the seventeenth-century scientist." - Antony Anderson, New Scientist"

Read more less

Book SynopsisLearn how to observe and navigate the night sky with this guide to stargazing for beginners!The dazzling reference book shines bright with crystal-clear charts of the planets, stars, and constellations in both the northern and southern hemispheres for each month of the year! It''s perfect for anyone interested in stargazing and astronomy.This unique astronomy book explains and demystifies the changing night sky. It includes:- Illustrated overviews that introduce each month with a guide to the main attractions, such as bright stars, prominent constellations, and meteor showers- An introduction explains what the universe is, our place within it, how it appears to us in the night sky, and how our view of it changes with time and place- Each illustrated overview features a planet locator, showing the position of the planets during the month introduced- Charts that show the positions of all stars visible to the naked eye in even the darke

Read more less

Book Synopsis1. High-Power Laser Sources.- The Production of Petawatt Laser Pulses.- Multiterawatt Ultraviolet Lasers.- 0.27 Terawatt Laser System at 1 kHz.- Determination of the Duration of UV Femtosecond Pulses.- 2. Ultrafast Coherent UV and X-Ray Sources.- Saturated Table-Top Soft X-Ray Lasers by Discharge Excitation.- Phase-Locking of High-Order Harmonics to the Fundamental Field.- Soft-X-Ray Harmonics in the Water Window.- Harmonic Generation in Presence of Ionization.- The Optimisation of Soft X-Ray Laser Output.- Spectroscopic Investigations of an Optical-Field-Ionized X-Ray Lasers with a Microcapillary Target.- Guided-Wave Optical Parametric Amplification in Gases: A Novel Phase-Matching Scheme for Ultrafast Pulses.- Increased Coherence Length in High-Order Harmonic Generation by a Self-Guided Beam.- 3. Novel Short Wavelength Sources.- Accelerator Based Source Development: Higher, Wider and Shorter.- A Debrisless Laser-Plasma Source for EUV and XUV Generation.- Attosecond Pulse Generation aTable of ContentsHigh-Power Laser Sources: Design and Performance of the Petawatt Laser; M.D. Perry, et al. Multiterawatt Ultraviolet Lasers; F.G. Omenetto, et al. Ultrafast Coherent UV and X-Ray Sources: Saturated Table-Top Soft X-Ray Lasers by Discharge Excitation; J.J. Rocca, et al. Phase-Locking of High-Order Harmonics to the Fundamental Field; M.B. Gaarde, et al. Novel Short Wavelength Sources: Accelerator Based Source Development: Higher, Wider and Shorter; E.D. Johnson. A Debrisless Laser-Plasma Source for EUV and XUV Generation; C.M. DePriest, et al. Ultrashort-Pulse Laser Plasma Interactions: Plasma Waveguide; Density Development and High Intensity Guiding; T.R. Clark, et al. Explosion of Atomic Clusters Heated by High Intensity, Femtosecond Laser Pulses; T. Ditmire, et al. Strong Field Interactions: Barrier-Suppression Ionization of Complex Atoms and Diatomic Molecules; V.P. Krainov. Relativistically Self-Guided Laser Wakefield Acceleration; R. Wagner, D. Umstadter. Applications of Short Wavelength Sources: Femtosecond Harmonic Laser Photoemission: Physics and Chemistry; R.A. Haight. 35 Additional Articles. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA little astronomy.- An introduction to sundials.- The gnomon.- Equatorial sundials.- Horizontal sundials.- Polar sundials.- Vertical sundials.- Horizontal analemmatic sundials.- Altitude sundials.- Sundials in the tropics.Table of ContentsA little astronomy.- An introduction to sundials.- The gnomon.- Equatorial sundials.- Horizontal sundials.- Polar sundials.- Vertical sundials.- Horizontal analemmatic sundials.- Altitude sundials.- Sundials in the tropics.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Cosmonaut Training Centre: birth and growth.- Simulators.- Other national and international facilities.- Survival training.- The Cosmonaut Group of the RGNII TsPK.- The Cosmonaut group of RKK Energiya.- Other Soviet and Russian cosmonaut selections.- Cosmonauts selected to fly the Buran Shuttle.- International training.- Joint programmes.- Zvyozdnyy Gorodok the town.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews of the first edition: "With the downfall of the Soviet Union … the history of the ‘other’ manned space program could have been lost forever. That this can no longer occur is due in no small part to enthusiasts like the authors of this book. Diligently they have gathered together a host of appropriately-monochrome photographs, maps and detailed information concerning the Soviet space effort … . it’s a significant printed resource. Doubtless it will soon be scanned and on the web itself." (Duncan Steel, Australian Physics, Vol. 43 (4), 2006) "The book provides important background information and insight to the operational Soviet/Russian human space program … revealing information and facts not covered elsewhere and providing a unique reference source for those who wish to understand the changing role of Russian cosmonauts in today’s global space program." (Quest, Vol. 13 (4), 2006) "This comprehensive account of the once-secret centre is written by three of the leading western authorities on the Soviet-Russian human spaceflight programme. … One of the strengths of the book is the inclusion of numerous photographs of training-centre facilities … . Also of value for spaceflight enthusiasts are the detailed appendices of the individuals and crews who have trained there … . This book is recommended for anyone who wants an in-depth look at the centre that trained the world’s first human space explorers." (Peter Bond, The Observatory, Vol. 126 (1194), 2006) "What was the philosophy behind the Soviet Space Program? These questions and very many more are answered in this superb history of the Soviet/Russian cosmonauts and the training centre popularly known as Star City. … The work is based on extensive research of English and Russian language written sources … . The author’s wide experience is reflected in the breath and depth of this history. Noteworthy points include a definitive identification of all cosmonaut recruits." (John O’Dwyer, Tiros Space Information, Vol. 31 (9), 2006) "There was a time when the Russian space effort was shrouded in the utmost secrecy. … But Hall, Shayler and Vis leave no detail to the imagination. Cosmonaut squads, simulation rooms and accommodation buildings are all listed, and their histories explained. There’s a good index too – Russia’s Cosmonauts is remarkable for its depth of research. … this is a highly reliable book for reference purposes. … You must definitely put this in your library if you’re a serious space fan … ." (Piers Bizony, BBC Focus, April, 2006) "It is the result of a tremendous amount of research, and the authors have been able to visit Star City … where the cosmonauts are trained, as well as others who have been to the Russian space stations. … The reference lists are excellent. This is essentially a book for specialists. … to the serious researcher it will be an invaluable work of reference." (Patrick Moore, BBC Sky at Night, February, 2006) "The authors explore how Russian citizens have been selected for spaceflight and how the process has evolved in the past forty years. They are well-versed in this sub-genre of spaceflight literature, having followed the Soviet space programme for many years, and this book is a valuable addition to the field. … The book is illustrated with black-and-white photographs and line drawings, and is well referenced. … This book represents an important addition to the ‘ongoing documentary’ of manned spaceflight." (www.satellite-evolution.com, May/June, 2007)Table of ContentsThe Cosmonaut Training Centre: birth and growth.- Simulators.- Other national and international facilities.- Survival training.- The Cosmonaut Group of the RGNII TsPK.- The Cosmonaut group of RKK Energiya.- Other Soviet and Russian cosmonaut selections.- Cosmonauts selected to fly the Buran Shuttle.- International training.- Joint programmes.- Zvyozdnyy Gorodok — the town.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is intended for amateur astronomers who are readers of Sky & Telescope magazine or similar astronomy periodicals – or are at least at the same level of knowledge and enthusiasm. Supernovae are often discovered by amateur astronomers, and the book describes the best strategies for discovering and observing them.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Supernovae and How to Observe Them is the ideal book for amateur supernova hunters. … This is a book that is suitable for all practising amateur astronomers who would like to know more about observing supernovae and especially for those who would like to discover them. … It is thoroughly recommended." (Ron Arbour, BBC Sky at Night, September, 2007) "If you like reading about and/or observing the universe’s biggest blasts, you’ll be interested in a book that just crossed my desk. Supernovae and How to Observe Them by Martin Mobberley is, as the title suggests, a dual purpose book. … If you’ve ever thought about hunting for supernovae, or if you just want to know more about them, this book is one you’ll want to add to your reference shelf." (Michael Bakich, Astronomy Magazine, October, 2007)Table of ContentsSupernovae: Physics and Statistics.- Supernova Physics.- Supernovae to Measure the Universe.- Supernovae in Our Neighborhood.- The Top 100 Extragalactic Supernovae.- Supernovae: A Threat to Life on Earth.- Observing and Discovering Supernovae.- Supernovae as Visual Variable Stars.- Supernova Photometry and Light Curves.- Supernova Spectroscopy.- Amateur Supernova Hunting in the 21st Century.- The Discoverers Themselves.- Searching the Messier Galaxies.- Searching the Caldwell Galaxies.- Observing Supernova Remnants.

Read more less

Book SynopsisTaming the rockets: From wrath to research.- Holloman and the Albert Hall of Fame.- Pioneers of destiny: The suborbital dog flights.- High-altitude research.- Able and Baker lead the way.- The most famous dog in history.- Prelude to manned space flight.- Pioneers in a weightless world.- Biting the hand.- Cosmos/Bion: The age of the biosatellites.- End of an era.- Shuttling into space.- Epilogue.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Animals in Space, a relentlessly factual account of animal endeavours in near Earth orbit. … The programme and its relationship to animal rights is surely fertile material for any future popular science work on the subject. … the history of animal space flight is long and fascinating. It deserves its place alongside the human stories of Vostok 1, Apollo 11 and Challenger." (New Scientist, April, 2007) "Animals in Space is an extremely detailed, yet absorbing, history of animals used in the space programs around the world. … In addition to a list of references at the end of each chapter, the book’s documentation includes photos, charts, and lists of the U.S., Soviet, Chinese, French and international space missions (including Bion and International Space Station) that utilized animals as test and research subjects. … the book will surely serve as a standard on the subject for years to come." (Advocacy for Animals, November, 2007)Table of ContentsTaming the rockets: From wrath to research.- Holloman and the Albert Hall of Fame.- Pioneers of destiny: The suborbital dog flights.- High-altitude research.- Able and Baker lead the way.- The most famous dog in history.- Prelude to manned space flight.- Pioneers in a weightless world.- Biting the hand.- Cosmos/Bion: The age of the biosatellites.- End of an era.- Shuttling into space.- Epilogue.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFor about half a century the general theory of relativity attracted little attention from physicists.Table of ContentsI. The General Theory of Relativity.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. The Case for Nonflat Space—Time.- 1.2. The Principle of Equivalence.- 1.3. Conflict Between the Equivalence Principle and the Pseudo-Euclidean Metric: Gravitational Redshift.- 1.4. A Fifth Force.- 2. Tensor Calculus and Riemannian Geometry.- 2.1. Riemannian Geometry and the Metric Tensor.- 2.2. Vectors and Tensors.- 2.3. Invariant Volume and Volume Integral.- 2.4. Affine Connection—Parallel Transport.- 2.5. Covariant Differentiation.- 2.6. The Differential Equation of a Geodesic.- 2.7. The Integrability of Parallel Displacement.- 2.8. The Riemann—Christoffel Tensor.- 2.9. The Bianchi Identity.- 2.10. The Ricci Tensor and the Einstein Tensor.- 2.11. The Weyl Tensor.- 2.12. Geodesic Deviation.- 3. Einstein’s Field Equations.- 3.1. Einstein’s Formulation of the Field Equations.- 3.2. Weak Field Approximation (Static Case).- 3.3. Gravitational Waves in Weak Field Approximation.- 3.4. Detection of Gravitational Waves.- 3.5. Integration of the Linearized Equations for a Stationary Axially Symmetric Distribution.- 3.6. The Action Principle and the Energy—Momentum Tensors.- 3.7. The Energy—Stress Tensor.- 3.8. The Einstein Equations from the Variational Principle.- 4. The Schwarzschild Metric and Crucial Tests.- 4.1. The Schwarzschild Solution.- 4.2. Birkhoff’s Theorem.- 4.3. Three Crucial Tests.- 4.4. The PPN Formalism.- 4.5. The Schwarzschild or the Spherically Symmetric Black Hole.- 4.6. Frequency Shift of Spectral Lines of Light Emitted by a Collapsing/Exploding Spherical Body.- 4.7. Fall in Apparent Luminosity of a Collapsing Body.- 4.8. Kruskal—Szekeres Coordinates.- 4.9. Historical Note on the Schwarzschild Black Hole.- 5. Electromagnetism in General Relativity.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. The Field of a Charged Particle.- 5.3. Static Electrovac.- 5.4. The Already Unified Field Theory.- 6. Axially Symmetric Fields.- 6.1. The Lie Derivative and the Killing Equation.- 6.2. Static and Stationary Metrics.- 6.3. The Axially Symmetric Static Metric.- 6.4. Weyl’s Canonical Form.- 6.5. The Case of Two Mass Particles.- 6.6. The Schwarzschild Metric in the Form (6.21).- 6.7. Stationary Axisymmetric Vacuum Solutions.- 7. The Kerr Metric or the Rotating Black Hole.- 7.1. The Kerr Metric in Boyer—Lindquist Coordinates.- 7.2. The Black Hole Property.- 7.3. Locally Nonrotating Observers.- 7.4. The Horizon as a Null Surface.- 7.5. The Kerr—Newmann Metric.- 7.6. The Penrose Process.- 8. The Energy—Momentum Pseudotensor of the Gravitational Field and Loss of Energy by Gravitational Radiation.- 8.1. The Pseudo-Energy—Momentum Tensor.- 8.2. Historical Note.- 8.3. Loss of Energy by Gravitational Radiation.- 8.4. The Case of a Binary Star.- 9. Analysis of the Observational Data of the Hulse—Taylor Pulsar. Confirmation of the Einstein Quadrupole Radiation Formula.- II. Relativistic Astrophysics.- 10. White Dwarf Stars.- 10.1. Introduction.- 10.2. The Contraction of a Radiating Star in the Absence of Energy Generation.- 10.3. Degeneracy and the Equation of State.- 10.4. Limiting Mass for White Dwarfs.- 10.5. A Simple Argument for the Mass Limit.- 10.6. Critique of Chandrasekhar’s Result and Later Works.- 10.7. Historical Note.- 10.8. Observational Data on White Dwarfs.- 10.9. The Cooling and Age of White Dwarfs.- 11. Stellar Evolution, Supernovae, and Compact Objects.- 11.1. Introduction.- 11.2. The Evolution of Stars.- 11.3. The Dynamical Collapse.- 11.4. Some Numerical Results.- 11.5. Explosive Processes.- 11.6. Supernova 1987 A.- 12. Pulsars.- 12.1. Introduction.- 12.2. Distance from Dispersion Measure.- 12.3. Identification of Pulsars as Neutron Stars.- 12.4. The Energetics of Pulsar Emission.- 12.5. The Magnetic Field at the Pulsar Surface.- 12.6. The Age of Pulsars.- 12.7. Calculation of the Braking Index.- 12.8. The Nonvacuum Model.- 12.9. Observational Determination of Pulsar Masses.- 12.10. Cooling of Neutron Stars—Theory and Observation.- 12.11. The Influence of Superfluidity.- 12.12. The Influence of Pion Condensation.- 12.13. The Influence of Quarks.- 13. Spherically Symmetric Star Models.- 13.1. Introduction.- 13.2. The Tolman, Oppenheimer—Volkoff Equation.- 13.3. The Equation of State for Cold Catalyzed Matter.- 13.4. A Model of a Neutron Star and the Mass Limits.- 13.5. The Problems of the Upper Mass Limit of Neutron Stars.- 13.6. The Influence of Rotation, etc., on the Mass Limit.- 13.7. Note on the Stability of Compact Objects.- 14. Black Holes.- 14.1. Introduction.- 14.2. The No-Hair Theorem.- 14.3. The Laws of Black Hole Physics.- 14.4. Black Hole Thermodynamics.- 14.5. The Identification of a Black Hole—Cygnus X-1.- 14.6. The Possible Locale of the Occurrence of Black Holes.- 14.7. The Quasi-Steller Objects (Quasars).- 14.8. Gravitational Lens.- 15. Accretion onto Compact Objects.- 15.1. Introduction—Spherically Symmetric Accretion.- 15.2. Disk Accretion.- 15.3. Compact X-Ray Sources.- III. Cosmology.- 16. The Standard Cosmological Model.- 16.1. Introduction to the Friedmann Metric.- 16.2. Elementary Discussion of Standard Cosmology.- 16.3. The Observational Background of Cosmology.- 16.4. Summary.- 17. The Singularity Problem.- 17.1. Introduction.- 17.2. The Raychaudhuri Equation.- 17.3. The Meaning of Shear, Vorticity, and Expansion.- 17.4. An Elementary Singularity Theorem.- 17.5. The Gödel Universe.- 17.6. General Singularity Theorems.- 18. Thermal History of the Universe—Cosmological Nucleosynthesis.- 18.1. The Thermal History.- 18.2. Cosmological Nucleosynthesis.- 19. Structure Formation in the Universe.- 19.1. The Problem.- 19.2. The Linear Growth Formula.- 19.3. Finite Perturbation.- 19:4. Structure Formation with Dark Matter.- 20. Grand Unified Theory and Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking.- 20.1. Introduction.- 20.2. Gauge Fields.- 20.3. Weak Interaction.- 20.4. Strong Interaction and Grand Unification.- 20.5. Baryon Asymmetry and the Baryon/Photon Ratio.- 21. The Inflationary Scenario.- 21.1. Introduction.- 21.2. The Problems in Terms of Entropy.- 21.3. The Vacuum Energy—Stress Tensor and the de Sitter Phase.- 21.4. The Different Models of Inflation.- 21.5. A Critique of the Inflationary Models.- 21.6. Fluctuations in the Inflationary Models.- 22. Concluding Remarks.- Appendix. Differential Forms.- A.1. Introductory Ideas and Definitions.- A.2. Connection 1-Forms and Ricci Rotation Coefficients.- A.3. Cartan’s Equations of Structure.- A.4. Bianchi Identities and Symmetry Properties of the Riemann—Christoffel Tensor.- A.5. An Example of the Calculation of the Riemann—Christoffel Tensor.- References.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAmateur astronomers are always on the lookout for new observing challenges. This is a practical guide to locating and viewing the most impressive of Herschel’s star clusters, nebulae and galaxies, cataloging more than 600 of the brightest objects, and offering detailed descriptions and images of 150 to 200 of the best.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Mullaney packs an incredible amount of information into this 166-page book. … All in all, The Herschel Objects, and how to observe them is engaging, challenging, well-written, and comprehensive. So, if you love deep-sky observing – and even if you’ve observed the Astronomical League’s Herschel 400 – Mullaney’s book offers a new list with several hundred additional objects you’ll enjoy." (Michael Bakich, Astronomy Magazine, October, 2007) "The Herschel Objects and How to Observe Them is a fine addition to the Springer series of observing guides. Mullaney has been observing the Herschel objects for many years and his passion for them clearly comes across. … Overall though, this is a book that will be a useful addition to any deep-sky observer’s library." (Paul Money, BBC Sky at Night, February, 2008) "Mullaney begins with a well-written biographical sketch of Herschel and his family, and explains the significance of the work of this great observational astronomer. … the objects are illustrated with excellent images obtained using a modern charge-coupled device (CCD) system. The book concludes with a list of 618 targets that would provide for a lifetime of study. The book will be of greatest interest to experienced observers who wish to push on to the most challenging deep sky objects. … Summing Up: Recommended. General readers." (D. E. Hogg, CHOICE, Vol. 45 (6), February, 2008) "The book opens with a few short chapters on Herschel himself together with a brief introduction to observing techniques … . rounded out with some objects that the author regards as showpieces that were not discovered by Herschel. Any collection of these will of course be very subjective. … I found the book’s reproductions to be a cut above the usual Springer ones and the book does offers something sufficiently different … and the Astronomical League guides to make it worth adding to your collection." (Owen Brazell, The Observatory, Vol. 128 (1203), 2008)Table of ContentsWilliam Herschel's Life, Telescopes and Catalogs.- Herschel's Telescopes.- Herschel's Catalogs and Classes.- Observing Techniques.- Exploring The Herschel Showpieces.- Showpieces of Class I.- Showpieces of Class IV.- Showpieces of Class V.- Showpieces of Class VI.- Showpieces of Class VII.- Showpieces of Class VIII.- Samples of Classes II & III.- Showpieces Missed by Herschel.- The “Missing” Herschel Objects.- Conclusion.

Read more less