Medical physics Books

Book SynopsisThe study of dielectric properties of biological systems and their components is important not only for fundamental scientific knowledge but also for its applications in medicine, biology, and biotechnology. The associated technique - known as dielectric spectroscopy - has enabled researchers to quickly and accurately acquire time- or frequency-spectra of permittivity and conductivity and permitted the derivation and testing of realistic electrical models for cells and organelles. This text covers the theoretical basis and practical aspects of the study of dielectric properties of biological systems, such as water, electrolyte and polyelectrolytes, solutions of biological macromolecules, cells suspensions and cellular systems. The authors'' combined efforts provide a comprehensive and cohesive book that takes advantage of the expertise of multiple scientists involved in cutting-edge research in the specific sub-fields of bio-dielectric spectroscopy while maintaining its self-consistencTrade ReviewThis book is a tremendously useful tool for researchers who wish to understand dielectric relaxation methods aimed at studying biological materials. It covers experimental techniques, data analyses, as well as models, in each case ranging from historical backgrounds to state-of-the-art approaches. Challenging features of biological materials such as interfacial dielectric effects and the role of water are covered in detail by experts in the field. The book provides many examples of dielectric signatures of biological processes and illustrates these by informative figures. * Ranko Richert, *The textbook presents a view of dielectric theory, analysis and associated experimental techniques with a focus on biological applications. It addresses the determination of permittivity over a wide range of frequencies and conductivities and presents the methodology for dealing with electrode polarization by experimental techniques and analysis. The text presents a compendium of data, contemporary analyses and results that delineate the system dynamics on biologically interesting systems, ranging from water to macromolecules to membranes to cells. This text is intended for scientists who need information on such systems and/or who want to augment their research arsenal with dielectric measurements. This text is well annotated with useful references. * John G. Berberian *Table of ContentsPART I: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND; PART II: EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND TECHNIQUES; PART III: APPLICATIONS

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Book SynopsisLooking at the politics of nuclear waste, this book examines the subject from an international standpoint. Other works by the author Andrew Blowers include "The Limits of Power" and "Something in the Air", and he has been co-editor on books such as "Nuclear Power in Crisis".Table of ContentsAn Achilles Heel; from scientific serendipity to scientific problem; the battle of the dumps - part 1, the causes of the conflict; the battle of the dumps - part 2, the causes of the conflict; the United States - in search of the nuclear oasis; nuclear waste in Western Europe; the way forward.

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Book SynopsisModern medical imaging and radiation therapy technologies are so complex and computer driven that it is difficult for physicians and technologists to know exactly what is happening at the point-of-care. Medical physicists responsible for filling this gap in knowledge must stay abreast of the latest advances at the intersection of medical imaging and radiation therapy. This book provides medical physicists and radiation oncologists current and relevant information on Adaptive Radiation Therapy (ART), a state-of-the-art approach that uses a feedback process to account for patient-specific anatomic and/or biological changes, thus delivering highly individualized radiation therapy for cancer patients. The book should also benefit medical dosimetrists and radiation therapists.Adaptive Radiation Therapy describes technological and methodological advances in the field of ART, as well as initial clinical experiences using ART for selected anatomic sites. DividTrade ReviewThe authors have succeeded in creating a single compendium which covers nearly every aspect of this complex subject. There is a great need for such a book given the scope and variety of techniques involved, and the lack of any clear consensus on how to implement adaptive therapy regimes. … It is well laid out, with lots of diagrams, worked examples and case studies as well as referencing all the key documents on the subject. … an excellent one-stop resource for any centre considering implementing adaptive radiotherapy techniques. —Keri Owen, Scope, December 2011The breadth of the book is impressive, and the authors of each chapter provide a wealth of up-to-date references making it easy for readers who are interested in exploring certain ART techniques and technologies in more detail … The editor and the authors are to be commended for producing a valuable work on a very dynamic field that offers a chance for meaningful clinical benefits to many patients receiving radiation therapy for a variety of cancer types and clinical indications.—Moyed Miften, Ph.D., University of Colorado School of Medicine, Medical Physics The editor and authors are to be commended for putting together this excellent book describing the rationale, technologies, implementation, and future research for adaptive radiation therapy (ART). This topic is very timely as ART is the most logical approach to personalized medicine for cancer patients requiring radiation therapy as a single or combined modality treatment. The book contains a wealth of useful information ranging from practical workflow issues to directions of future research. I recommend this book for medical physicists and radiation oncologists who are interested in clinical practice and research utilizing advanced imaging and radiation therapy technology.—James C.H. Chu, Ph.D., Professor and Director of Medical Physics, Rush University Medical CenterDr. Li and his colleagues are to be commended for assembling within a single volume a compendium of recent vast technological progress that advances us towards this paramount goal [of individualized radiation therapy].—From the Foreword by J. Frank WilsonThe authors have succeeded in creating a single compendium which covers nearly every aspect of this complex subject. There is a great need for such a book given the scope and variety of techniques involved, and the lack of any clear consensus on how to implement adaptive therapy regimes. … It is well laid out, with lots of diagrams, worked examples and case studies as well as referencing all the key documents on the subject. … an excellent one-stop resource for any centre considering implementing adaptive radiotherapy techniques. —Keri Owen, Scope, December 2011The breadth of the book is impressive, and the authors of each chapter provide a wealth of up-to-date references making it easy for readers who are interested in exploring certain ART techniques and technologies in more detail … The editor and the authors are to be commended for producing a valuable work on a very dynamic field that offers a chance for meaningful clinical benefits to many patients receiving radiation therapy for a variety of cancer types and clinical indications.—Moyed Miften, Ph.D., University of Colorado School of Medicine, Medical Physics The editor and authors are to be commended for putting together this excellent book describing the rationale, technologies, implementation, and future research for adaptive radiation therapy (ART). This topic is very timely as ART is the most logical approach to personalized medicine for cancer patients requiring radiation therapy as a single or combined modality treatment. The book contains a wealth of useful information ranging from practical workflow issues to directions of future research. I recommend this book for medical physicists and radiation oncologists who are interested in clinical practice and research utilizing advanced imaging and radiation therapy technology.—James C.H. Chu, Ph.D., Professor and Director of Medical Physics, Rush University Medical CenterDr. Li and his colleagues are to be commended for assembling within a single volume a compendium of recent vast technological progress that advances us towards this paramount goal [of individualized radiation therapy].—From the Foreword by J. Frank WilsonTable of ContentsTreatment planning and delivery of physically and biologically adaptive radiation therapy: An introduction. Part I. Treatment Planning. Goals of radiation therapy. 3D and 4D Morphological imaging for radiation treatment planning. Biological Imaging for Radiation Treatment Planning. Biomarkers for early radiation response. Inverse treatment planning. Biologically-based models for treatment planning. Tumor Radiation Response assessment and feedback for treatment planning. Normal Tissue Radiation Response Assessment and Feedback for treatment planning. Part II. Treatment Delivery. IMRT delivery. CT-based IGRT technology. Non-CT based IGRT. Off-line Correction Strategies for interfraction variations. Online Correction strategies for interfraction variations. Intrafraction Variations and Management Technologies. Stereotactic radiation therapy delivery. Image-guide brachytherapy. Quality Assurance in Adaptive Radiation Therapy. Part III. Clinical Applications. Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Central Nervous System. Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck. Adaptive Radiation therapy for Breast. Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Lung. Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Liver. Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Prostate. Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Sarcoma.

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Book SynopsisImaging modalities in radiology produce ever-increasing amounts of data which need to be displayed, optimized, analyzed and archived: a big data as well as an image processing problem. Computer programming skills are rarely emphasized during the education and training of medical physicists, meaning that many individuals enter the workplace without the ability to efficiently solve many real-world clinical problems.This book provides a foundation for the teaching and learning of programming for medical physicists and other professions in the field of Radiology and offers valuable content for novices and more experienced readers alike.It focuses on providing readers with practical skills on how to implement MATLAB as an everyday tool, rather than on solving academic and abstract physics problems. Further, it recognizes that MATLAB is only one tool in a medical physicist's toolkit and shows how it can be used as the glue to integrate other software and processes together. Table of Contents1. The role of programming in healthcare. 2. MATLAB fundamentals. 3. Data Sources in Medical Imaging. 4. Importing, manipulating, and displaying DICOM data in MATLAB. 5. Creating automated Creating automated. 6. Integration with other programming languages and environments. 7. Good programming practices. 8. Sharing software. 9. Regulatory considerations when deploying your software in a clinical environment. 10. Applying good software development processes in practice. 11. Automating quality control tests and evaluating ATCM in computed tomography. 12. Parsing and analyzing Radiation Dose Structured Reports. 13. Method of determining patient size surrogates using CT images. 14. Reconstructing the exposure geometry in x-ray angiography and interventional radiology. 15. Simulation of anatomical structure in mammography and breast tomosynthesis using Perlin noise. 16. xrTk: a MATLAB toolkit for x-ray physics calculations. 17. Automating daily QC for an MRI scanner. 18. Image processing at scale by containerizing MATLAB. 19. Estimation of arterial wall movements. 20. Importation and visualisation of ultrasound data.

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Book SynopsisThe book sets out to inform a broad range of professionals working in medicine and healthcare about how creative thinking and design concepts can be used to innovate in providing an enhanced patient experience. It outlines these concepts as a primary means to identify, clarify and resolve some of the process improvement and enhancement challenges in healthcare delivery. It demonstrates by example how such challenges can be addressed, drawing on case examples from healthcare and other industries, and from the authors' own experiences as innovators and educators. It emphasizes the value of learning in action. For the reader who already has a leaning towards novel approaches to addressing healthcare delivery challenges, it provides guidance on harnessing team inputs and engaging with a network of contributors. It is an ideal resource for all working in medicine and healthcare, from managers, nurses, doctors, administrators, executives, and allied health professionals to medical engineeTable of ContentsChapter 1: The Opportunity and Challenge. Chapter 2: Understanding Creative Thinking, Design and Innovation. Chapter 3: Developing the Potential of Healthcare Professionals. Chapter 4: Understanding Multifaceted Problems and Challenges in Healthcare and Setting About Solving Them. Chapter 5: Understanding Creative Confidence, Design and Innovation. Chapter 6: Where do Mindset and Climate Fit? Chapter 7: Creating an Environment for Creative Thinking, Design and Innovation. Chapter 8: Putting it All together – How might you move your healthcare setting towards an innovation culture and mindset?

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Book SynopsisBuilding on the success of the first edition of this book, the winner of the 2004 British Medical Association Radiology Medical Book Competition, Quantitative MRI of the Brain: Principles of Physical Measurement gives a unique view on how to use an MRI machine in a new way. Used as a scientific instrument it can make measurements of a myriad of physical and biological quantities in the human brain and body. For each small tissue voxel, non-invasive information monitors how tissue changes with disease and responds to treatment.The book opens with a detailed exposition of the principles of good practice in quantification, including fundamental concepts, quality assurance, MR data collection and analysis and improved study statistical power through minimised instrumental variation. There follow chapters on 14 specific groups of quantities: proton density, T1, T2, T2*, diffusion, advanced diffusion, magnetisation Trade Review"Upon its release in 2003, Paul Tofts’ 'Quantitative MRI of the Brain' instantly became a classic among MR textbooks as it comprised the up-to-then knowledge on quantitation using MRI. Now, more than a decade later, it was due time for an update on this rapidly developing field, and the second edition by Cercignani, Dowell, and Tofts will surely become as popular.The chapters are written by international experts in the field cover the whole scope of qMRI techniques to study the human brain. The extended chapter on quality assurance is particularly instructive to medical physics experts. The chapters on the philosophical groundwork of the principles of physical measurement have been thoroughly extended, making it a must read for students entering the field of qMRI and an inspiration for reflections of senior researchers. I am using the second edition extensively for teaching students."—Dr. Gunther Helms, Senior lecturer, Swedish National 7T Facility, Lund University, Sweden "'Quantitative MRI of the Brain', edited by Cercignani, Dowell and Tofts, is a comprehensive and authoritative reference for this important area of research, which is rapidly developing with novel scanning techniques and increasing interest in microstructure imaging. The book provides an accessible introduction for those new to the field, while offering advanced readers sufficient detail on the broad variety of quantification approaches in anatomical and physiological imaging. The discussion of each quantitative parameter and technique is well balanced to cover theory, technical aspects, biological interpretation, and applications. This second edition of 'Quantitative MRI of the Brain', a substantial and timely revision, promises to become a classic as its predecessor already is."—Prof. Dr. Nikolaus Weiskopf, Director of Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, GermanyTable of ContentsConcepts: Measurement in MRI. The measurement process: MR data collection and image analysis. Quality assurance:, accuracy, precision, controls and phantoms. Proton density of tissue water. T1: Longitudinal relaxation time. Quantitative T2 mapping in the brain. T2*: Susceptibility weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping. D: the diffusion of water (DTI). Advanced models in diffusion MRI. MT: Magnetisation transfer. Quantitative chemical exchange saturation transfer. 1H spectroscopy. Multinuclear MR imaging and spectroscopy. T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. qfMRI: Quantitative functional and metabolic MRI. ASL: Blood perfusion measurement using Arterial Spin Labelling. Image analysis. The future of qMRI. Appendix 1: Greek alphabet for scientific use.

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive and topical volume presents a number of significant advances on many fronts in this area of research, particularly emphasizing current and future biomedical applications of electromagnetic fields. Table of ContentsFetal Magnetocardiography.- Microwave Thermoelastic Tomography and Imaging.- Diffuse Optical Imaging.- Optical Biotelemetry.- Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields (ELFMF) and Pain Therapy.- The Charge-to-Mass ICR Signature in Weak ELF Bioelectromagnetic Effects.

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Book SynopsisThe use of ultrasound is increasing rapidly throughout the world, and consequently a knowledge of the underlying scientific principles and instrument operation has become an essential part of medical ultrasound courses.Table of ContentsNature of Ultrasound. Propagation in Tissue. Beam Shapes and Transducers. A-Scan Instruments. Static B-Scan. Real-Time Scanners. M-Mode. Other Scanners and Probes. Measurement of Size. Doppler Ultrasound Physics and Instruments. Doppler Ultrasound Measurement. Digital Storage, Scan Converters and Data Processing. Image Artifacts. Performance Checks. Bioeffects, Dosimetry and Safety. Appendices. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisMould's Medical Anecdotes: Omnibus Edition is a fabulous collection of anecdotes on the humorous, intriguing, unusual, mysterious, and historical aspects of medicine. It combines the hugely successful Mould's Medical Anecdotes and More Mould's Medical Anecdotes and includes a selection of more recently collected material. Dr. Mould searched newspapers, advertisements, case histories, monologues, and medical journals on both sides of the Atlantic for this treasure trove.Trade Review"… You do not need to have this edition on your office desk but inside the drawer, within easy reach. It will be of great value and you will love it! … you may sit in your armchair for hours, smiling, laughing, and learning unusual things with astonishment. … You should buy the book, order another one as a gift for your friend(s) … you will get a lot of information, entertainment, and pleasure." -O. Pohlenz, European Radiology, Vol. 7, Issue 7, 1997 Praise for the previous edition:"A delightful collection of medical quips, quirks, and quackeries." -Daily Express "…a mine of fun, charm, and poignancy." -RAD Magazine "There is something to interest everyone here." -Clinical Biochemist "Excellent-don't pinch your colleague's; buy your own!" -HPA BulletinTable of ContentsA selection of ancedotes: King's Evil. A Royal Malady. Royal Baths. The King is Dead. Queen Anne's Oculist. Optician's Advertisement. Ivan the Terrible's Skeleton. Napoleon III's Bladder Stone. One of the Favourite Jokes of Suicidal Patients. A King as Dentist. Dentistry, 1523. The Guinea Jaw. Oliver Cromwell's Head. Head Shrinking. Why are the Heads of Men Hairy? Holes in Their Heads. The Esau Lady. Traffic in Human Hair. The Brothers Tocci. Ear Surgery. The Safety Tomb. Irish Export Trade in Dead Bodies. Skeletons for Sale. Kuda Bax and the Indian Fire Walk. Letter on Corpulence. Spinach as a Source of Iron. The Human Dustbin. Self-Induced Excess Iron Therapy. Foreign Bodies. Curing Piles with Petrol. Early Medical X-Rays. Tavern of the Dead. The Sufferer. Medical Diploma. Marriage and X-Rays. Real and Fake Diamonds. The Madman's Will. Gas Bulb Surrounded by Profanity. Who Made the Hospital Kettle Radioactive? Early Medical Radium. Sir William Gull. Tutankhamun's Head. The Yin and the Yang. Circumcision, 2340 BC. Birth of Twins, 2340 BC. Medical Handwriting. Lead Poisoning in the Ancient World. Inheritance Pattern of Death. Life and Death of Mok the Gorilla. Internal Combustion. Surgical Instruments, 2340 Bc. Surgical Instruments, AD 1739. Siberian Shaman. Why the Pill's Success Rate is Low in Asia. American Indian Medicine Man. Mapuche Medicine Women. Plus more...

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Book SynopsisLinear Accelerators for Radiation Therapy, Second Edition focuses on the fundamentals of accelerator systems, explaining the underlying physics and the different features of these systems. This edition includes expanded sections on the treatment head, on x-ray production via multileaf and dynamic collimation for the production of wedged and other intensity modulated beams, on electron scattering systems, and on dosimetry. With high-quality illustrations and practical examples throughout, it contains a detailed description of electron beam optics and linear accelerator components. The final chapter explains how to use other equipment, such as scanners and simulators, in conjunction with linear accelerators for optimum treatment of cancers.Trade Review"… a very welcome second edition … thoroughly up to date with sections on MLCs, EPIDs, computer control of LINACs, dosimetry protocols, imaging, and costs … intensely practical and useful volume …" -Professor S. Webb, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Trust "… excellent … clearly written for medical physicists in the field." -Professor S. Lillicrap, Head of Medical Physics, Wessex Regional Medical Physics Service "… notable improvements include … technology of state-of-the-art radiotherapy techniques, more in-depth treatment of specialist topics such as waveguide theory and electron beam optics … marked increase in the number and quality of diagrams." -J.B. Tuohy, Head of Radiotherapy Technology, Cookridge Hospital "… a useful book for the indicated readership…" -A.N.L. Kay, Director, Varian Oncology Systems "… a reasonably sized and priced textbook that should be on every therapy department bookshelf and in every medical and radiography school. Radiographers, radiotherapists, medical technical officers, manufacturers, and clinical scientists would all benefit from this book." -P.H. Smithson, Principal Physicist, Medical Equipment Management Organisation, Bristol Oncology Centre, RAD Magazine, April 1998Table of ContentsGeneral description of a linear accelerator and its component systems. Basic processes in electron acceleration - the accelerating waveguide. The microwave system and its high voltage supplies. The vacuum, cooling and ancillary systems. The electron beam (its production and transport). The treatment head. The dose monitoring and control system. Beam direction and beam shaping devices. Mechanical systems. Control and interlock systems. Treatment verification. Specification, performance and calibration. Radiation protection and room design. Accelerator operation. Simulators and tomographic scanners. Contemporary developments.

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Book SynopsisDetails the electron microscopy methods used to investigate complex and fine-scale microstructures, such as those produced by fast-particle irradiation of metals or ion implantation of semiconductors. This book also focuses on the methods used to characterize small point-defect clusters, such as dislocation loops.Table of ContentsThe role of transmission electron microscopy in characterising radiation damage. An introduction to the available contrast mechanisms and experimental techniques. Analysis of small centres of strain: the determination of loop morphologies. Analysis of small centres of strain: determination of the vacancy or interstitial natural of small clusters. Analysis of small centres of strain: counting and sizing small clusters. Characterisation of voids and bubbles. Techniques for imaging displacement cascades. High-resolution imaging of radiation damage. In-situ irradiation experiments. Applications of analytical techniques. Radiation damage in amorphous glass. Appendix: The Thompson tetrahdron. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisBone is a complex biological material that consists of both an inorganic and organic phase, which undergoes continuous dynamic biological processes within the body. This complex structure and the need to acquire accurate data have resulted in a wide variety of methods applied in the physical analysis of bone in vivo and in vitro. Each method has its own strengths and applications depending on the information sought by the clinician or researcher.The Physical Measurement of Bone provides a detailed description of all the major methods of bone analysis, including brief comments on clinical evaluation. The physics of each method are introduced as well as a summary of practical procedures. The book is essential reading for practicing medical physicists and technicians who need to know about the many methods of bone analysis open to them, and, more importantly, the wide coverage provides a good introductory framework for students of medical physics and biomedical engineering.Table of ContentsLIST OF CONTRIBUTORS, PREFACE, SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION, 1. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND DISEASE, 1.1. Introduction, 1.2. Bone morphology and organization, 1.3. Bone tissue I: the role of bone cells, 1.3.1. The osteoclast, 1.3.2. The osteoblast, 1.3.3. The osteocytes, 1.4. Bone tissue II: the bony matrix, 1.5. Bone composition: mineralization of bone matrix, 1.6. Metabolic disorders of bone, 1.6.1. Introduction, 1.7. Osteoporosis, 1.7.1. Introduction, 1.7.2. Pathophysiology of osteoporosis, 1.7.3. Etiologic factors in osteoporosis, 1.7.4. Epidemiology, 1.8. Summary, References, 2. BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS, 2.1. Introduction, 2.2. Duties and responsibilities, 2.3. Environmental protection, 2.4. Risk assessment, 2.5. Quantifying risk, 2.6. Acceptable risk, 2.7. Risk reduction, 2.8. Hierarchy of risk reduction, 2.9. Specific risks associated with the processing of bone, 2.9.1. Hazard identification, 2.10. Mechanical hazards, 2.10.1. Sawing bone, 2.10.2. Electrical hazards, 2.10.3. Chemical hazards, 2.11. Hazard identification, 2.11.1. Toxicity hazard, 2.11.2. Corrosive hazards, 2.11.3. Exposure limits, 2.11.4. Reactive hazards, 2.11.5. Flammability hazards, 2.12. Extinguishers, 2.13. Risk reduction and control: chemicals, 2.13.1. Fume cupboards, 2.13.2. Biological hazards, 2.14. Hazard categories of biological agents, 2.15. Hazard identification and hazard reduction at source, 2.15.1. For human bone, 2.15.2. For animal bone, 2.16. Prion diseases, 2.17. Biological control measures, 2.17.1. Allergens: control of exposure, 2.17.2. Microbiological safety cabinets, 2.17.3. Disinfectants, 2.17.4. Disinfection of cryostats, 2.17.5. Fumigation, 2.17.6. Disinfection of mechanical testing equipment and machine tools, 2.17.7. Autoclaves, 2.17.8. Disposal of biological waste, 2.17.9. Removal of equipment, 2.18. Use of personal protective equipment, 2.19. General managerial considerations, 2.19.1. Restricted access and permits to work, 2.19.2. Occupational health screening, 2.19.3

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