Health economics Books

Book SynopsisEconomics for Healthcare Managers provides the practical guide that healthcare managers need to simplify and strengthen the decision-making process for everyday issues. Written for those with little or no background in economics, the book is designed to engage readers in today’s policy and management challenges. The author references classic studies while also drawing on current research and emphasizing contemporary analyses. This extensively revised edition presents the latest information on topics such as: Overviews of the US healthcare system and healthcare financing systemRisk evaluation and managementCosts and PricingPopulation healthForecastingSupply and demand analysisEconomic analysis of clinical and managerial interventionsProfits, market structure, and market powerGovernment intervention in healthcare marketsBehavioral economics The book’s 37 case studies offer real-world examples of the concepts and strategies provided throughout the book.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Finalist for the PROSE Award in Reference Works – Social Sciences, Association of American Publishers"

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Book SynopsisA New York Times Bestseller A Wall Street Journal Bestseller A New York Times Notable Book of 2020 A New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice Shortlisted for the Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year A New Statesman Book to Read From economist Anne Case and Nobel Prize winner Angus Deaton, a groundbreaking account of howTrade Review"Winner of the Silver Medal in Business Commentary, Axiom Business Book Awards"

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Book SynopsisA call for a radical re-examination of the way we think about health, ageing and the future.

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Book SynopsisThis upper level textbook provides a coherent introduction to the economic implications of individual and population ageing. Placing economic considerations into a wider social sciences context, this is ideal reading not only for advanced undergraduate and masters students in health economics and economics of ageing, but policy makers, professionals and practitioners in gerontology, sociology, health-related sciences, and social care.This volume introduces topics in the economics of happiness, quality of life, and well-being in later life. It also covers questions of inequality and poverty, intergenerational economics, and housing. Other areas described in this book include behavioural economics, political economy, and consumption in ageing societies.Table of ContentsI Economics of happiness and quality of life1 Conceptualisations and measurement1.1 Utility1.2 Welfare1.3 Subjective and objective well-being1.3.1 Subjective well-being1.3.2 Objective well-being1.4 Psychological well-being1.5 Optimal well-being1.6 Happiness1.7 Human development1.8 Quality of life1.8.1 CASP-191.8.2 Long-term care1.8.3 Health care1.8.4 Community quality of life2 Theories and empirical findings2.1 Comparison theories2.2 Easterlin paradox2.3 Set-point, adaptation-level, and the hedonic treadmill2.4 Personality traits and genetics2.5 Needs-based theories2.6 Inequality and happiness2.7 Happiness along the life cycle3 Happiness and policy3.1 Gross National Happiness3.2 National Accounts of Well-being3.2.1 Time-based national well-being accounts3.3 Happy life expectancy or happy life years3.3.1 Inequality of Happiness3.4 Closing thoughtII Inequality and Poverty4 Inequality4.1 Introduction4.2 Distribution and moral theory4.2.1 Value claims4.2.2 Moral desert4.2.3 Utilitarianism4.2.4 Libertarianism4.2.5 Contractualism4.2.6 Capabilities4.2.7 Consequentialist and deontological approaches4.3 Measurement of distribution and inequality4.3.1 Inequality of whom?4.3.2 Inequality of what?4.3.3 Measures of inequality4.4 Population ageing and distributional issues4.5 Intergenerational transmission of inequality5 Poverty, deprivation and social class5.1 An embarrassment of definitional riches?5.1.1 Equivalisation5.1.2 Absolute poverty5.1.3 Relative poverty5.1.4 Multidimensional approaches5.1.5 Mortality-adjusted poverty rates5.1.6 Subjective poverty5.1.7 Financial distress5.1.8 Financial security5.1.9 Chronic or persistent poverty5.2 Theories of Poverty5.2.1 Individualist approaches5.2.2 Structuralist approaches5.2.3 Intergenerational income elasticity5.2.4 Equal burden-sharing5.2.5 The Great Gatsby curve5.2.6 Anti-poverty role of pension income in low-income developingcountries5.3 Social class and later life6 Some questions of intergenerational economics6.1 Intergenerational transfers6.2 Intergenerational mobility6.2.1 Multigenerational mobility6.3 Justice between generations6.3.1 Prudential lifespan6.3.2 Fair innings6.4 Equity, solidarity, conflict, and ambivalence6.4.1 Generational equity6.4.2 Generational interdependence and solidarity6.4.3 Generational contract6.4.4 Intergenerational ambivalence6.5 Indices of intergenerational fairness6.5.1 The Intergenerational Fairness Index6.5.2 Intergenerational Justice Index7 Ageing, house prices, and economic crises7.1 Introduction7.2 Residential mobility in later life7.2.1 Ageing, moving, and house prices7.2.2 Housing-related financial products7.3 Housing and poverty in later life7.3.1 Housing and risk in later life7.4 Housing and pensions7.4.1 Housing income and public spending on older people7.4.2 Housing and the retirement decisionIII Behavioural Economics and Ageing8 Behavioural economics and individual ageing8.1 Prospect theory8.2 Framing effects8.3 Anchoring effect8.4 Priming8.5 Sunk cost effect8.6 Mental accounting8.7 Myopia8.8 Lack of willpower8.9 Complexity8.10 Same findings, other approaches9 Behavioural economics and policy9.1 Libertarian paternalism9.1.1 Nudge9.2 Constitutionally constrained paternalism9.3 Autonomy-enhancing paternalism9.4 Asymmetric paternalism9.5 The Save More Tomorrow TM programmeIV Political Economy10 Economics and the political economy of ageing10.1 Introduction 10.2 Political economy of ageing -the orthodox economicsview10.2.1 Population ageing and the median voter model10.2.2 Elderly power and fiscal leakage10.2.3 Interest group models11 Gerontological views11.1 Political gerontology11.2 Social gerontology and the political economy of ageingV The silver economy12 The silver economy12.1 Introduction12.2 The ageing’ consumer12.2.1 Demand-driven market segmentations12.2.2 Other market segmentations12.3 The retirement-consumption puzzle12.4 Ageing and the consumer society12.4.1 Successful ageing and the consumer society12.4.2 Affluenza

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Book SynopsisThe American working class didn’t disappear with the manufacturing economy. It transformed. Instead of unionized blue-collar men, today’s working class is dominated by underpaid women in service jobs—especially health care. With recognition of this shift, Gabriel Winant argues, may come political clout.Trade ReviewThe replacement of blue-collar work by pink-collar work has been much discussed, but what makes this book stand out is Winant’s argument that two seemingly distinct phenomena are in fact inextricably connected…An original work of serious scholarship, but it’s also vivid and readable…[An] eye-opening book. -- Jennifer Szalai * New York Times *A deeply upsetting book. It meticulously charts the transformation of the working class to show how the destruction of workers’ unions and bodies occurred in a feedback loop, with capitalist exploitation demanding care, demanding more exploitation, demanding still more care. The demolition of state support and state protections served to speed up this feedback loop. It has long since spun out of control…Winant ably blends social and political history with conventional labor history to construct a remarkably comprehensive narrative with clear contemporary implications. -- Scott W. Stern * New Republic *Winant charts the rise of this new political economy and working class in his terrific new book…Offering fine-grained details of shop-floor industrial relations, the book is at once an ethnographic probe into the lives of working-class families and a comprehensive analysis of the larger dynamics of the US political economy…A useful guide to the sweeping social changes that have shaped a huge segment of the economy and created the dystopian world of contemporary service-sector work. -- Nelson Lichtenstein * The Nation *How the health-care industry replaced manufacturing while downgrading the quality of American middle-class life, furthering inequality, and fueling political bitter divisions is the welcome subject of Gabriel Winant’s The Next Shift…Winant weaves together a convincing argument that this downward mobility has been driven by a gendered and racist political economy that values many things—from retiree health care to CEO pay—more than care work by women and people of color…Many health-care workers on the bottom rungs now find themselves, in some ways, back where industrial workers started in the nineteenth century…[An] important book. -- John W. Miller * Democracy *Digs deep into the stories of working people, tracing the rise and fall of two industries that, despite vast differences on the surface, have been intertwined for decades. Through stories of real people’s real lives, Winant explores the move from manufacturing to care, tracing the rise of a new working class—one that looks very different from the stereotypical blue-collar worker of the Rust Belt’s mythic past…A road map for how to think about the changing working class. -- Sarah Jaffe * Bookforum *Charts how Pittsburgh’s declining steel industry gave rise to one of the country’s most ruthlessly corporatized health care systems, and how the ability of each to deliver on its romanticized promises rested on the exploitation of care work. -- Natalie Shure * Jacobin *Winant explains in fascinating detail how Pittsburgh’s working class adapted to the post-steel economy…[O]ffers a highly intelligent case study of the transformation of one key section of the working class since 1950—a vital precondition for mapping its future. -- Tom Mertes * New Left Review *Essential reading for anyone interested in Pittsburgh history, the labor movement or the economics of our health care system. It helps us to make sense of the region and the economy we inhabit today. -- Kate Giammarise * Pittsburgh Post-Gazette *The definitive account of the causes and consequences of the decline of heavy industry and the birth of the medical-industrial complex. Winant dives deeply into Pittsburgh's economic, social and cultural history to illuminate the linkages between the rise and fall of steel and the spectacular growth of health care…Essential reading for anyone wanting to understand our modern health-care industry's historical and economic foundations. -- Joshua Kim * Inside Higher Ed *An exquisite regional economic history, The Next Shift illustrates how health care became a primary mechanism of social reproduction—allowing the American state to govern the economic and sociological consequences of deindustrialization…Offers powerful lessons for scholars of health policy and politics. -- Philip Rocco * Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law *[An] exhaustive examination of the shifting economies of the American Rust Belt…A fascinating look at labor history and the continuing struggles of blue-collar workers, particularly in light of the pandemic and the increased burden, both personally and politically, placed on health care workers. * Pittsburgh Magazine *A thorough understanding of the political economy of the post-war United States inflected through the lenses of race, gender and class. It is a masterful book that weaves together two seemingly disparate strands—the demise of heavy industry and the rise of care work—into a single thread that traces the story of a broken society. -- Ryne Clos * Spectrum Culture *Winant explores in his informative debut the rise and fall of Pittsburgh’s steel industry as a microcosm of America’s shift from an industrial to a service economy. * Publishers Weekly *Beautifully written, extensively researched, and sharply argued, The Next Shift offers a new way to think about the transformations often grouped together under the rubric of ‘neoliberalism.’ Winant sees deindustrialization not simply as a story of decline, but a story of the rise of a new kind of working class. -- Kimberly Phillips-Fein, author of Fear City: New York’s Fiscal Crisis and the Rise of Austerity PoliticsA sophisticated, politically pointed, and beautiful crafted book, The Next Shift chronicles both the erosion of the white male industrial working class and the ascendance of a service sector run by the labor of white women and men and women of color. But unlike most stories of industrial decline, Winant’s history bristles with hope for activism for the new world of work that has emerged. -- Eileen Boris, author of Making the Woman Worker: Precarious Labor and the Fight for Global Standards, 1919–2019In this nuanced and powerful book, Gabriel Winant connects the slow-motion devastation of deindustrialization to the perverse political economy of care as the twin fruit of America’s compromised social bargain. Through the rusting of ‘Steel City, USA,’ Winant makes tragically concrete the ways that industrial job loss was transformed into a profit-driven market for health care—ensuring that caregivers can never afford the services they provide, and that the social exclusion on which the welfare state was built will swallow up ever greater majorities. -- Bethany Moreton, author of To Serve God and Wal-Mart: The Making of Christian Free EnterpriseOne of the most timely books of our era. The global pandemic has turned care workers into heroes while concealing the history that rendered them undervalued, underpaid, and precarious long before COVID struck. Winant recovers this history, revealing how the growth of the care industry was a consequence of, and response to, the decline of the industrial sector, and suggesting that the very laborers tasked with keeping the rest of the working class from an early grave may prove to be capitalism’s proverbial gravediggers. -- Robin D. G. Kelley, author of Freedom Dreams: The Black Radical ImaginationHow and why has the healthcare sector taken over formerly industrial cities? Why are care work jobs so important yet so undervalued? In one of the most important works of labor, economic, and policy history to appear in years, Gabriel Winant compellingly answers these questions. This is an essential book for understanding the healthcare system, its weaknesses, and the policies necessary to create a system that is equitable for both workers and patients. -- Thomas J. Sugrue, author of The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit

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Book SynopsisOriginal and thought provoking' Gordon BrownChallenging and hopeful: a groundbreaking guide to the future' Valerie AmosTo thrive in the twenty-first century, we all need to understand the challenges coming our way. And start adapting, now.We all know there are major, overlapping, global crises ahead of humanity: climate change, mass migration, new warfare, big tech, further pandemics, authoritarian capitalism. Rather than be daunted, this book charts a way that we can respond. With expertise from his work at the highest levels of international politics, education, activism and business, Tom Fletcher offers a practical manifesto that can help us transform the way we learn, live, and work together.Amongst its key survival skills, this book offers ideas on how we renew education, restore society and reimagine the future. It helps us chart a course to take back control, to find purpose, and to become better ancestors. It helps us to learn the language of technology without thinking like cTrade Review‘Original and thought provoking: a manifesto for a better way of educating humanity’Gordon Brown ‘Challenging and hopeful: a groundbreaking guide to the future’Valerie Amos ‘This manual for humanity is a call to action for all of us. Read it, learn from it, act aggressively and uncompromisingly upon it, let it guide the rest of your life’s work’General Sir Graeme Lamb, former SAS Commander ‘A scintillating humanifesto for creativity in how we learn. Inspiration not just for parents and teachers, but all of us’Andria Zafirakou, Global Teacher of the Year 2018 and author of Those Who Can, Teach ‘Global education has found a champion. Future generations have found a spokesperson’Andreas Schleicher, OECD ‘A magnificent book! As we (anxiously) anticipate the rest of this century, Tom Fletcher presents us with a brilliantly-timed, incredibly important, gem of a book — overflowing with wisdom and much hope too’Zeid Ra’ad, UN Commissioner for Human Rights ‘An excellent handbook on how to coexist not just with each other, but with technology too’Mustafa Suleyman, Founder of Google DeepMind ‘The international community needed a call to action. This is a must read for the inventors, dreamers and pioneers of our future’Dubai Abulhoul, Founder of the Fiker Institute ‘Brilliant, an absolute must-read. A riveting, superbly written account of the world today, and tomorrow’Matthew D’Ancona, author of Post-Truth‘A fascinating and inspiring analysis of how the world is changing and education needs to keep up’Rachel Sylvester, The Times ‘His hints, tips, advice, comments and things-you-and-I-can-do-today to bring about change are so frequent that I lost count. Not 10 ideas, not even 57, but countless … A provocative and hugely thoughtful compendium of positive and realistic thinking to navigate an increasingly difficult world’Gavin Esler, The National

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Book SynopsisThe COVID-19 pandemic　posed　a major threat to the well-being of older Europeans. Its economic and social effects, however, varied across countries. This multidisciplinary book presents the first results of analyses that combined the renowned longitudinal database of SHARE with new data from two telephone surveys that were uniquely conducted during the pandemic. The analyses address important policy-related issues, such as: Did　social distancing　destabilize family and social support networks? Did the pandemic increase health, social and economic inequality? Who had to forego essential health care because of the pandemic?　Did lockdown affect one’s physical and mental health? Did the shift towards remote work affect workload and well-being? Were　different　housing conditions related to the spread of the virus?　　

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Book SynopsisIn recent decades, policymakers all over the world have sought to strengthen the meaning and effect of public, non-medical healthcare. This publication is the result of the research initiation project »Arteria Danubia ‒ Analysis and Discussion on the Implementation of Model Health Regions in the Upper and Lower Reaches of the Danube« (2017 to 2019), which focused on healthcare in Bulgaria, Germany and Hungary. In this book, researchers from the participating universities and organizations explore the topic of public health in all its facets: How can public policy and education influence people’s health? How are lifestyle-related diseases to be avoided? And how best to implement digital healthcare solutions?Table of ContentsPart I - Focus Public Health: Missing health political opportunities due to a lack of nutritional behaviour acceptance.- The Importance of Research-Based Learning as a Didactic Necessity in German Public Health Degree Programs.- Community based health promotion for senior citizens – what we can learn from South Korean Model of Senior Centers.- The Impact of Health Literacy on the Healthcare System.- Tertiary prevention and After-Care for Cancer Patients in a Hotel Setting.- Health conferences in Germany, Austria and France. An Overview.- Vaccination Coverage and Attitudes - Ethical Aspects as Challenges in Combatting Measles along the Danube.- Lessons from the creation and failure of two regional cooperation models in the Hungarian health system.- Occupational Health Management as Central Element in Combating Social and Regional Health Inequalities.- Part II - Focus Medicine: Use and significance of expert medical advice on the Internet: results of an online survey among users of German-language health portals.- A source data verification based data quality analysis within the network of a German comprehensive cancer center.- The National Decade Against Cancer 2019-2029: Contents of the initiative and some critical thoughts.- Part III - Focus Digitalization: A Comprehensive Method for Multi-criteria Evaluation of Health Regions.- The Commercial Value of Health-Related Data - an Empirical Study.- Health apps in the area of conflict between state regulation and IT architectures.- Acceptance analysis and ELSI-Aspects of sensor-based care-management: certain results from a qualitative study adressing dehydration management.

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Book Synopsis"There are several books on the market now that claim to take readers into the intricacies of health economics 'from first principles'. To me, this book succeeds better than any." Gavin Mooney, Honorary Professor, University of Sydney and University of Cape Town; Visiting Professor, Aarhus University, the University of New South Wales and the University of Southern Denmark"This book would be an excellent choice for anyone wishing to be introduced to the field of health economics â it is undoubtedly the best âHealth Economics 101â textbook around ... There is a desperate need for a greater understanding of health economics principles among health system policy-makers, managers and researchers; this book will contribute enormously to developing such understanding." Professor Di McIntyre, South African Research Chair of Health and Wealth, Health Economics Unit, University of Cape Town This practical text offers the ideal introduction to the economic tecTable of ContentsAcknowledgementsIntroduction Section 1: Economics and Health EconomicsKey concepts in health economics Macroeconomics, globalization and health Section 2: Demand and SupplyA simple model of demand Measuring demandSupply: Production in the long and short run Supply: Costs, economics of scale and the supply curve Section 3: MarketsA simple market model Health care markets and efficiency Section 4: Health Care Financing The changing world of health care finance Provider payments Private health insurance Achieving universal coverage Section 5: Economic EvaluationWhat is economic evaluation and what questions can it help to answer? Counting the costs Identifying, measuring and valuing consequences Economic evaluation and decision-making Section 6: Equity and the Role of GovernmentPromoting equity and the role of governmentGlossary

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsAbout the Author xi Foreword xiii Preface xix Acknowledgments xxiii Part I Roadmap of AI in Healthcare 1 1 History of AI and Its Promise in Healthcare 3 1.1 What is AI? 5 1.2 A Classification System for Underlying AI/ML Algorithms 14 1.3 AI and Deep Learning in Medicine 17 1.4 The Emergence of Multimodal and Multipurpose Models in Healthcare 20 References 23 2 Building Robust Medical Algorithms 27 2.1 Obtaining Datasets That are Big Enough and Detailed Enough for Training 30 2.2 Data Access Laws and Regulatory Issues 33 2.3 Data Standardization and Its Integration into Clinical Workflows 34 2.4 Federated AI as a Possible Solution 36 2.5 Synthetic Data 40 2.6 Data Labeling and Transparency 43 2.7 Model Explainability 45 2.8 Model Performance in the Real World 50 2.9 Training on Local Data 52 2.10 Bias in Algorithms 53 2.11 Responsible AI 60 References 62 3 Barriers to AI Adoption in Healthcare 67 3.1 Evidence Generation 71 3.2 Regulatory Issues 74 3.3 Reimbursement 76 3.4 Workflow Issues with Providers and Payers 78 3.5 Medical- Legal Barriers 81 3.6 Governance 83 3.7 Cost and Scale of Implementation 85 3.8 Shortage of Talent 86 References 86 4 Drivers of AI Adoption in Healthcare 91 4.1 Availability of Data 92 4.2 Powerful Computers, Cloud Computing, and Open Source Infrastructure 93 4.3 Increase in Investments 94 4.4 Improvements in Methodology 95 4.5 Policy and Regulatory 95 4.5.1 Fda 95 4.5.2 Other Bodies 100 4.6 Reimbursement 102 4.7 Shortage of Healthcare Resources 105 4.8 Issues with Mistakes, Inefficient Care Pathways, and Non- personalized Care 106 References 110 Part II Applications of AI in Healthcare 113 5 Diagnostics 115 5.1 Radiology 115 5.2 Pathology 122 5.3 Dermatology 124 5.4 Ophthalmology 125 5.5 Cardiology 127 5.6 Neurology 132 5.7 Musculoskeletal 133 5.8 Oncology 134 5.8.1 Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer 136 5.8.2 Histopathological Cancer Diagnosis 136 5.8.3 Tracking Tumor Development 136 5.8.4 Prognosis Detection 137 5.9 Gi 139 5.10 Covid- 19 139 5.11 Genomics 140 5.12 Mental Health 141 5.13 Diagnostic Bots 142 5.14 At Home Diagnostics/Remote Monitoring 144 5.15 Sound AI 148 5.16 AI in Democratizing Care 149 References 150 6 Therapeutics 157 6.1 Robotics 158 6.2 Mental Health 159 6.3 Precision Medicine 161 6.4 Chronic Disease Management 164 6.5 Medication Supply and Adherence 167 6.6 Vr 168 References 169 7 Clinical Decision Support 171 7.1 AI in Decision Support 176 7.2 Initial Use Cases 180 7.3 Primary Care 182 7.4 Specialty Care 185 7.4.1 Cancer Care 185 7.4.2 Neurology 185 7.4.3 Cardiology 186 7.4.4 Infectious Diseases 187 7.4.5 Covid- 19 187 7.5 Devices 188 7.6 End- of- Life AI 189 7.7 Patient Decision Support 190 References 191 8 Population Health and Wellness 195 8.1 Nutrition 196 8.2 Fitness 200 8.3 Stress and Sleep 201 8.4 Population Health and Management 204 8.5 Risk Assessment 206 8.6 Use of Real World Data 208 8.7 Medication Adherence 208 8.8 Remote Engagement and Automation 209 8.9 Sdoh 211 8.10 Aging in Place 212 References 214 9 Clinical Workflows 217 9.1 Documentation Assistants 218 9.2 Quality Measurement 225 9.3 Nursing and Clinical Assistants 225 9.4 Virtual Assistants 227 References 230 10 Administration and Operations 233 10.1 Providers 234 10.1.1 Documentation, Coding, and Billing 234 10.1.2 Practice Management and Operations 238 10.1.3 Hospital Operations 240 10.2 Payers 243 10.2.1 Payer Administrative Functions 244 10.2.2 Fraud 246 10.2.3 Personalized Communications 247 References 248 11 AI Applications in Life Sciences 251 11.1 Drug Discovery 252 11.2 Clinical Trials 261 11.2.1 Information Engines 264 11.2.2 Patient Stratification 267 11.2.3 Clinical Trial Operations 268 11.3 Medical Affairs and Commercial 271 References 272 Part III the Business Case for Ai in Healthcare 275 12 Which Health AI Applications Are Ready for Their Moment? 277 12.1 Methodology 278 12.2 Clinical Care 281 12.3 Administrative and Operations 289 12.4 Life Sciences 291 References 293 13 The Business Model for Buyers of Health AI Solutions 295 13.1 Clinical Care 298 13.2 Administrative and Operations 305 13.3 Life Sciences 309 13.4 Guide for Buyer Assessment of Health AI Solutions 312 References 313 14 How to Build and Invest in the Best Health AI Companies 315 14.1 Barriers to Entry and Intellectual Property (IP) 316 14.1.1 Creating Defensible Products 318 14.2 Startups Versus Large Companies 319 14.3 Sales and Marketing 321 14.4 Initial Customers 324 14.5 Direct- to- Consumer (D2C) 325 14.6 Planning Your Entrepreneurial Health AI Journey 327 14.7 Assessment of Companies by Investors 329 14.7.1 Key Areas to Explore for a Health AI Company for Investment 329 References 330 Index 333

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Book SynopsisA FINANCIAL TIMES BOOK OF THE YEAROne of our most scintillating public intellectuals explores the political paradoxes of the pandemic and helps us think our way through it''We are able to imagine anything because we are being besieged by something that was considered unimaginable...''Beneath the panic and bluster, beneath the confusing speeches and the conflicting advice, the Coronavirus pandemic acted, changing our world in the most profound ways. The tragic human cost and the economic devastation will be assessed and calculated for decades to come. But the pandemic also changed things in ways that are less easily expressed and understood. It has made bare the frayed contradictions of modern life. It has distorted things that seemed simple and settled. It has affirmed plain, uncomfortable truths. In this brilliant, thought-provoking essay, Ivan Krastev, one of our most interesting thinkers today, explores the pandemic''s iTrade ReviewOne of the great European minds of today -- Timothy SnyderFew people question the conventional wisdom like Ivan Krastev -- George SorosIvan Krastev is one of Europe's leading thinkers -- Madeleine Albright

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Book SynopsisA STIRRING EXAMINATION OF A LOOMING CRISIS Virtually everyone has taken antibiotics. They can be lifesavers -- or they can be useless. But what are they? How are they used? And what happens as the effectiveness of antibiotics begins to decline? Antibiotics: What Everyone Needs to Know examines the personal and societal implications of our planet''s most important -- and arguably most overused -- medications. In a question-and-answer format, it unpacks the most complicated aspects of this issue, including: How antibiotics are used (and overused) in humans, plants, and livestock The consequences to date, and the potential crisis ahead, as overuse of existing antibiotics breeds new resistance in bacteria How the globalized world enables antibiotic resistance more quickly Collateral damage, individually and societally, of antibiotic use The difficult decisions ahead related to medical care and the food systemGrounded in the latest scientific research and translated for general readers, AntTrade Review"Wilson's final two chapters are notable for suggesting methods to reduce the need for antibiotics and presenting newer approaches to diagnosing and treating bacterial infections." --Tony Miksanek, BooklistTable of ContentsACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PREFACE Why should you read this book? Why did I write this book? 1. ORIGIN AND FUNCTION What is an antibiotic? What is the difference between an antibiotic and antimicrobial? How do antibiotics work? What is the difference between broad and narrow-spectrum antibiotics? Why do we have so many different ones? Do antibiotics work against viruses? Why do people confuse bacteria and viruses? How were antibiotics discovered? Where do antibiotics come from? How are antibiotics made? Are new antibiotics created in the laboratory or discovered in nature? What happens when a compound with antibacterial activity is discovered? How does it come to be used to treat infections? Are the same antibiotics used all over the world? How common are substandard and falsified antibiotics? What is the WHO model list of essential medicines? 2. USE IN HUMANS How are antibiotics administered? What are the routes of administration besides by mouth and by injection? What determines how they should be given? Are pills as effective as injections? Where does the antibiotic go in the body? Does it reach all organs and tissues? What is its fate? Does any part of the antibiotic leave the body in urine or feces? What happens after an antibiotic leaves the body? Why are antibiotics that are not absorbed used? How does one decide which antibiotic to use? What information about each antibiotic is available to the pharmacist, the health provider, and the patient? TABLE Full prescribing information How long does it take for an antibiotic to work? Why are some antibiotics given as a single dose and others prescribed for weeks or longer? What determines the right dose of an antibiotic? Can one overdose on an antibiotic? Does an antibiotic have any effect other than against the bacteria being treated? How long does the effect of an antibiotic last? Why are some infections, such as tuberculosis, always treated with multiple different antibiotics taken simultaneously? Does one always have to take the entire course of prescribed antibiotics? Can one take leftover antibiotics for a new infection? Or give it to a family member or friend? What should one do with leftover antibiotics? Is it dangerous to take expired antibiotics? When are antibiotics used to prevent infections (in contrast to treating an established infection)? How are antibiotics used to prevent infections in surgery? In what other settings are antibiotics used to prevent infections? When are antibiotics used to treat an entire population in mass treatment campaigns? What are the consequences of mass treatment with antibiotics? How are antibiotics used in the human population? Who receives them? What are the main reasons that antibiotics are prescribed? Why is antibiotic use so common for respiratory infections? Does antibiotic use vary by region or by country? Is antibiotic use increasing or decreasing? How much is spent on antibiotics? 3. CONSEQUENCES OF USE: Adverse events associated with use of antibiotics in humans What is the difference between an allergic reaction and an adverse reaction? What are the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction? How common are adverse reactions? How much antibiotic does it take to cause an adverse reaction? Do genetic factors influence drug reactions? What are drug-drug interactions? Does exposure to the sun make one more likely to have a reaction to an antibiotic? Why have side effects from ciprofloxacin (and other fluoroquinolones) gotten so much attention? What is Clostridium (Clostridioides) difficile or C. diff. and where did it come from? What is driving the increase in cases? What predisposes someone to Clostridium difficile infection and how does it spread? How is it treated? What is a fecal microbiota transplant? Can fecal microbiota transplantation be used to treat other conditions? Why do yeast infections occur during and after treatment with antibiotics? What is the microbiome and why is it so important? What is the Human Microbiome Project? What are the functions of the human microbiome? How do antibiotics affect the human microbiome? Does human use of antibiotics and other agents affect animal microbiota? Do other drugs besides antibiotics affect the microbiome? Can the gut microbiota be protected from the effect of antibiotics? 4. OTHER USES OF ANTIBIOTICS (NON HUMAN USE) What are the uses of antibiotics other than to treat infections in humans? What proportion of antibiotics produced in recent years had a non-human use? Why are antibiotics given to healthy animals? Which animals receive antibiotics? Which antibiotics are used? Are the same antibiotics used in people also use in animals? Are antibiotics used in food animals in other countries? How are antibiotics used in aquaculture? Is it OK for people to take antibiotics that were made for fish or other animals? What are the consequences of use of antibiotics in animals? Is any antibiotic still present in the meat, fish, eggs, or milk when they are sold for human consumption? Why are antibiotics used in bees? Do plants develop infections? Why and how often are antibiotics used in plants? Can humans pick up infections from plants? How can plant infections affect human health? Is food from plants contaminated with antibiotics? Does feeding animals antibiotics in large production facilities (such as industrial production of chickens, pigs, and cattle) have impact on the local environment? What are other sources of antibiotics in the environment? 5. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE What is antibiotic resistance? Where did antibiotic resistance come from? What are the mechanisms bacteria use to evade antibiotics? How do bacteria destroy or disable the antibiotic? How can bacteria change an antibiotic in order to resist it? How can bacteria prevent antibiotics from getting through the cell wall of the bacteria? How do bacteria manage to pump antibiotics out of the bacterial cell? How can bacteria alter the target of antibiotic action in the bacteria? How can bacteria bypass key functions to survive despite the presence of antibiotics? What else can bacteria do to prevent being killed? How does one test bacteria for resistance to antibiotics? See FIGURE1 also cited in USE section How does antibiotic resistance spread among bacteria? See Figure 2 (also cited earlier in this chapter) Where does this transfer of resistance genes among bacteria take place? How do resistant bacteria and resistance genes spread globally? What is the role of travel in the movement of resistant bacteria and resistance genes globally? How do travelers pick up multiply-resistant bacteria? Where are the resistant bacteria found? How often do travelers pick up resistant bacteria? Do they spread them to others? What is medical tourism? Are travelers who receive care abroad at risk for infections with resistant bacteria? Are mass gatherings an important source of infections and spread of infections or resistance? What is wastewater epidemiology? How does resistance in spread in health care facilities? Are there ways that resistant bacteria spread that do not involve movement of humans? Do pets carry antibiotic resistant bacteria? What are other routes of spread of bacteria from animals to humans? Does antibiotic resistance ever disappear? Which bacteria have developed resistance? Why does tuberculosis (TB) remain such a serious global problem? Why is gonorrhea so hard to treat? Are resistant bacteria found in all countries? Is the level of resistance influenced by the amount of antibiotic used in a region or country? What can be done to slow or stop antibiotic resistance? 6. CONSEQUENCES OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE What are the most important consequences of having infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria? Are infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria less severe? More severe? The same? Are outcomes worse for antibiotic-resistant infections? What would be the consequences if antibiotics stopped working? What do people mean by the "post-antibiotic era"? What medical procedures today rely on the availability of highly effective preventive antibiotics? Do we have antibiotics to use when bacteria become resistant to first-line drugs? Are these other antibiotics as safe and effective as the first-line drugs? Are they available and affordable? Can antibiotics still be used for prevention when bacteria become resistant? Are people dying today because of antibiotic resistant infections? Why are antibiotics sometimes called "societal/social drugs"? How does my taking an antibiotic affect my neighbors and the community? 7. INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE THE NEED FOR ANTIBIOTICS and ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS Are there ways we can reduce risks of infections so that we do not need antibiotics? How do clean water and improved sanitation reduce use of antibiotics? How can processing and handling of food affect antibiotic use? How can using vaccines reduce need for antibiotics? Are vaccines used to prevent infections in animals? Can they prevent infections that could affect humans? How can controlling vectors like mosquitoes and ticks reduce antibiotic use? Are healthcare-associated infections a common reason for antibiotic treatment? Do antiseptics and alcohol-based hand sanitizers work against all microbes? How can copper be used to decrease infections? Are there approaches to treating infections that do not involve antibiotics - treatment approaches that do not drive development of resistance the way the use of antibiotics does? What other approaches to treating infections are being tried that do not involve antibiotics? What is bacteriophage therapy? Does it work? Is it being used today? How are phage and bacteriocins used today? 8. PRESERVING ANTIBIOTICS and DEVELOPING NEW ANTIBACTERIAL TREATMENTS How common is inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics? What approaches have been effective in increasing the appropriate use of antibiotics and decreasing inappropriate prescribing by clinicians? What can individuals do to reduce the inappropriate use of antibiotics? What are antibiotic stewardship programs? Do antibiotic stewardship programs work? Why do stewardship programs focus on reported allergies to antibiotics? What is the role of better diagnostic testing in reducing use of antibiotics? What is procalcitonin and can it help guide antibiotic treatment? Are procalcitonin levels useful in diagnosis of infection in infants? Why did use of rapid diagnostic tests lead to increased use of antibiotics in some settings. Are there approaches that use urine, saliva, breath, or other specimens to diagnose infections? What is the role of national and international agencies in reducing inappropriate use of antibiotics? Why aren't pharmaceutical companies developing more new antibiotics? Why don't we have more antibiotics in the pipeline? Which bacteria are highest priority for development of new antibiotics? Which antibiotics or antibacterial products are currently in the pipeline? Whose responsibility is it to develop new antibiotics? Who pays for their development? What incentives or other approaches might increase the development of new antibiotics? What are priority areas in looking for ways to treat bacterial infections? GLOSSARY

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Book SynopsisThe purpose of economic evaluation is to inform decisions intended to improve healthcare. The new edition of Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes equips the reader with the necessary tools and understanding required to undertake evaluations by providing an outline of key principles and a ''tool kit'' based on the authors'' own experiences of undertaking economic evaluations.Building on the strength of the previous edition, the accessible writing style ensures the text is key reading for the non-expert reader, as no prior knowledge of economics is required. The book employs a critical appraisal framework, which is useful both to researchers conducting studies and to decision-makers assessing them. Practical examples are provided throughout to aid learning and understanding.The book discusses the analytical and policy challenges that face health systems in seeking to allocate resources efficiently and fairly. New chapters include ''Principles of economic evaluatiTrade ReviewReview from previous edition 'The book has some important characteristics that differentiate it from others in the field. Another unique feature is the presentation of tutorials that are highlighted in boxes.' * Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics *'This book is a new second edition of what became the standard text for Health Economists and can be heartily recommended to anyone who is interested in this vitally important area of research.' * Amazon.com *'An important contribution to studies on the economic evaluation of medical care.' * British Medical Journal *'This is essential reading. Only if all managers are aware of the powers of economic techniques will they be used sensibly.' * Health Service Journal *'This book suited my needs to perfection and is an ideal accompaniment to a course that combines methodology with critical appraisal and hands-on practical training in using these techniques. The methodological chapters on cost analysis and cost utility are gems... should become the standard text on the subject at the intermediate level at which it is aimed.' * Medical Decision Making *'This book is a must for every student in health services sciences.' * Acta Hospitalia *'The book is well designed and clearly written.' * Canadian Public Policy *'It leaves nothing important in economic evaluation analysis untouched.' * Health Policy and Planning *Table of Contents1. Introduction to economic evaluation ; 2. Making decisions in healthcare ; 3. Critical assessment of economic evaluation ; 4. Principles of economic evaluation ; 5. Measuring and valuing effects: health gains and QALYs ; 6. Measuring and valuing effects: contingent valuation and conjoint analysis ; 7. Cost analysis ; 8. Using clinical studies as a vehicle for economic evaluation ; 9. Economic evaluation using decision analytic modelling ; 10. Identifying, synthesising, and analysing evidence for economic evaluation ; 11. Characterising, reporting, and interpreting uncertainty ; 12. How to take matters further

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Book SynopsisConsuming Crisis is a crucial account of how consumer culture capitalized on Coronavirus (COVID-19). Sobande explores how brands claim to care while they encourage people to ‘keep calm and consume’. This critical analysis of the power and politics of marketing examines an eclectic mix of campaigns, content, and experiences. Such work outlines the societal significance of fast-fashion adverts, banana bread’s pandemic ‘moment’, university social media strategies, and how digital technology mediates memories and work. Based on the belief that brands cannot be activists, Sobande creatively considers how brands construct care, camaraderie, culture, and so-called ‘normal’ life during times of crisis. Francesca Sobande is a Senior Lecturer in Digital Media Studies at Cardiff UniversityTrade ReviewExperimental, rigorous and an exceptional commentary on the multitude of inequities COVID-19 presented for the most marginalised. This book is a moving example of Black feminist scholarship’s capacity to demonstrate how employing neutralising tactics during crisis is a political choice by those in power. Sobande′s writing is the near perfect example of interdisciplinary Black scholarship which takes to task politics, sociology and cultural studies in ways that grapples with interpersonal and structural inequities during crisis Sobande presents a unique way of capturing a multitude of the structural and interpersonal challenges which COVID-19 intensified for many, whilst still writing in a way which feels incredibly personal to the reader. -- Chantelle LewisConsuming Crisis unpacks the jargon of the pandemic; and shows how notions of care colour all aspects of our lives. Written with evocative prose that treats concepts like "self-care" with intellectual curiosity rather than scorn, Sobande offers not just a searing synthesis of the last two years, but an alternative guide to help us respond to the crises to come. -- Lanre BakareFrancesca Sobande writes about the relationship between comfort, consumer culture and capitalism from a perspective that is both profoundly sharp and insightful, using critical analysis and personal provocations to deftly underline inequalities that have existed long before the pandemic. Consuming Crisis is an important contribution to the studies of care, activism and COVID-19. -- Arusa QureshiFrancesca Sobande is one of the most exciting and creative feminist writers, complicating the cares which she labours over, and holds as urgent and embodied. This book is a rush of examples, cases, auto-biographies, illustrations, productively defying the conventions of ‘normal’. Yet questions and caveats extend a generosity to the reader, inviting us in. We can expect great things from Sobande as she continues to enliven feminist scholarship, hopes and dreams even in crisis times. -- Yvette TaylorThis book offers a healing reflection on how Covid-19 has exasperated long-standing inequalities. Francesca Sobande takes us on a passionate analysis of the exploitation of care, normal life and activism in marketing content from the peak of the pandemic, and yet she leaves us with hope. Written with wit and spirit, this is a must-read which acknowledges the shortcomings of consumerist answers to crisis, while making room for solidarity in consumer culture. -- Dr Daniela PiraniIn this timely and engaging book, Dr Francesca Sobande provides a compelling account of the commercialisation of care in the wake of the COVID-19 crisis. With attention given to the impact of the virus on intersectional identities, such as race (and white supremacist capitalism), disability justice (and ableism), class (and working-class oppression), Sobande makes visible the rife contradictions that underpin brand activity during the pandemic. Central to Sobande’s work is a critique of contemporary neoliberal capitalism as well as brand activism (noted by Sobande as an ‘oxymoron’), which was present long before the arrival of the pandemic but heightened during this period of (inter)national crisis and trauma. To achieve these ends, she draws on her own personal reflections as well as, popular cultural texts, advertising campaigns, and government initiatives; demonstrating the politics that underpin them all. This work is a must-read for those interested in the racialised capitalism at play during (and beyond) the COVID-19 crisis, as well as for those committed to making a kinder, more compassionate, and more comfortable world for all. -- Dr Victoria CannDr. Sobande’s work unveils the feedback loops that brands and the corporations behind them exist within, arguing that brands can’t be activists or additive to culture, just because they say so. Sobande’s analysis showcases that during COVID-19 many corporate brand decision makers where far removed from the lived realities of their various consumers and highlighting practical examples of the negative impact of that disassociation on communications. Dr Sobande asks important questions about who is producing and guiding brand communications during - and outside - times of crisis, shining a light on the impact of the industries lack of representation. -- John FoleySobande flawlessly links influencer culture, woke washing such as Boohoo feminism, (exacerbated by the pandemic) with the crises of late-stage capitalism, building on radical Black feminist thinkers. In this era defined by media and culture wars, Sobande asks us to focus on the bigger structural picture – late capitalist politics of care(lessness) and consumerism. Read! -- Kim-Marie SpenceTrenchant and moving. Through a blend of social critique and self-reflection, Sobande offers a deeply intersectional analysis about the commodification of care during COVID-19. From corporate ads to baking on social media, Consuming Crisis archives this moment while reimagining care (and reclaiming comfort) for the future. This book offers critical hope. -- Naya JonesThis important, incisive text generously invites readers to re-think the socio-political contours of care and comfort. Crafting an argument from nuanced analysis of advertisements interwoven with reflexive writing, Sobande expertly demonstrates how racial/racist capitalism shapes the production of caring affect in brands′ marketing. -- Dr Maddie BreezeIn "Consuming Crisis", Franscesca Sobande documents and analyses different examples – from advertising campaigns to online trends – through which constructions of everyday care, normality and comfort were renegotiated during the COVID-19 crisis. Paying particular attention to questions of power, Sobande exposes diverse attempts by corporations and Universities to position themselves as caring, contrasting these with ever-increasing power imbalances and inequalities across the axes of class, race and gender. An essential reading for anyone interested in a critical and reflective understanding of the entanglements of care, consumer culture and racial capitalism. -- Professor Andreas ChatzidakisTable of ContentsChapter 1: Whose ‘New Normal’? Chapter 2: Beyond the Pretense of ‘Brand Activism’ Chapter 3: Distraction, Dreaming, and Angst Chapter 4: The Future, In Bloom

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Book SynopsisHealthcare Economics Made Easy, third edition is a clear and concise text written for those working in healthcare who need to understand the basics of the subject but who do not want to wade through a specialist health economics text. It will equip the reader with the necessary skills to make valid decisions based on the economic data and with the background knowledge to understand the health economics literature. This new edition builds on the success of the second edition by updating the material on the NICE appraisal process and including new sections on health technology assessment in the USA and the key role of the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review. This book provides insight into the economic methods that are used to promote public health policies, the techniques used for grading and valuing evidence and the statistics relied upon, without trying to re-train the reader as a health economist. If you are left bemused by terms such as QALY, health utility analysis and cost-minimization analysis, then this is the book for you! Second edition Highly Commended in the BMA Medical Book Awards! Here’s what the judges said: “This is one of the few textbooks I would suggest every clinician reads.”Table of ContentsPreface to the third edition; Acknowledgements 1 Health economics 2 Thinking like an economist 3 Cost minimization analysis 4 Cost-effectiveness analysis 5 What do we mean when we say 'value'? 6 Quality of life 7 Health utilities 8 The infamous quality-adjusted life year (QALY) 9 Cost utility analysis 10 Evidence-based medicine 11 Critical appraisal 12 Systematic reviews and meta-analyses 13 Health technology assessment and the UK's approach 14 Health technology assessment – an international comparison 15 Health technology assessment in the USA 16 Health technology assessment in the USA – The Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) 17 Health technology assessment and medical devices Glossary; Index

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Book Synopsis​This book examines and classifies different reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic from economists across the world. With the impacts of the pandemic experienced differently in each country, specific case studies are provided to highlight how the economics profession has responded to the challenges that have emerged from COVID-19. Key debates, such as the trade-off between health protective measures and the economic impacts of closing important sectors, are discussed, with a focus on the responses in China, the USA, Italy, France, Russia, Argentina, Brazil, India, and Palestine. This book explores the ability of economists to respond to economic and social crises, and provides insight into the ties between economic theory and economic policy in the modern world. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in how economists have responded to the COVID-19 and what changes it might trigger.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- 1. China: Interpreting the Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Context of National Goals.- 2. COVID-19 and the Indian Economy: The Debate about a Wage-led Recovery.- 3. Palestine: The Pandemic Between Occupation and Neoliberalism.- 4. Economic Policy Debates in France since COVID-19: A Lasting Shift in Macron’s Doctrine? .- 5. COVID-19 and Russia.- 6. The Economy at the Time of COVID-19: Theoretical and Political Debates in the United States.- 7. Economists and COVID-19: The case of Argentina.- 8. Economic Policy and Economic Research in Brazil During the Pandemic.

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Book SynopsisDemanding a radical epidemiology in the face of the lethal failures of capitalism.Trade Review'This extraordinary work offers urgent analysis of the pandemic's politics of life and death, anchored in the longer histories and wider politics of bodies and borders, economy and infrastructure, and contagion. The abundant insight Mitropoulos offers readers is a precious gift.' -- Deborah Cowen, author of The Deadly Life of Logistics'An invaluable guide through the excessive noise of overlapping crises. Read this if, like so many of us, you need to pause and take in a broader sweep of thought, of history and of ways of understanding as we all try to survive yet another deadly plague.' -- Gargi Bhattacharayya, author of Rethinking Racial Capitalism'This book is a scalpel: a tool or a weapon if you hold it right' -- The New Inquiry‘Pandemonium unpacks the deadly structures of power behind the pandemic that changed the world’ -- ROARTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. Origin of the Species Origins—Taxonomy—Speciation—Herding 2. Quarantine Neoliberalism—Colonialism—Medieval Europe—Cordon Sanitaire 3. Bodies in Motion Herd Immunity—Hobbes—Malthus—Epidemiological Mathematics—Statistics, Class, and Racial Classification 4. Pharmakon Patriarchal Feelings—Risk-Taking, Risk-Shifting—Pushing Hydroxychloroquine—Experiments, Trials, and Lab Rats 5. Liquid Geometries of Value Pandemic Bonds—Supply-Chain Logistics 6. Economy and Infrastructure Money and Debt—Postpandem Contracts Notes

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Book SynopsisThis book summarizes current theory and evidence relating to immunization supply, demand, distribution, and financing. It provides readers with an understanding of the obstacles faced in the field, and the possible approaches to corresponding solutions.Table of Contents1. Principles of vaccine economics 1.0: Chapter introduction 1.1: Introduction to global vaccine systems 1.2: Relevance of health economics to vaccines 1.3: Cost of finding and making vaccines: implications for immunization programs 1.4: Vaccination as investment in human capital 1.5: Economics of vaccine delivery 2. Estimating the cost of immunization services 2.0: Chapter introduction 2.1: Why costing studies are needed 2.2: Defining immunization costs 2.3: Designing a primary costing study or analysis 2.4: Data analysis 2.5: Costing new vaccine introduction 3. Economic evaluation of vaccines and vaccine programs 3.0: Chapter introduction 3.1: Overview of decision analysis and cost-effectiveness 3.2: Defining the scope and study design of cost-effectiveness analysis 3.3: Parameter estimation 3.4: Measuring and valuing health outcomes 3.5: Reporting and interpreting results of economic evaluation 3.6: Budget impact analysis and return on investment 3.7: Introduction to decision tree modeling 4. Advanced methods in economic evaluation 4.0: Chapter introduction 4.1: Introduction to Markov modeling 4.2: Static and dynamic modeling 4.3: Probabilistic sensitivity analysis and value of information analysis 4.4: Economic evaluation reference case with Markov model 5. Financing and resource tracking of vaccination Pprograms 5.0: Chapter introduction 5.1: Introduction to immunization financing and expenditure 5.2: Financing of immunization programs 5.3: Donor architecture for immunization financing Appendices 1: EXERCISE: A CASE-STUDY ON ESTIMATING THE TOTAL AND UNIT ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION COSTS FROM THE FACILITY TO THE NATIONAL LEVEL 2: EXERCISE: ESTIMATING NEW VACCINE INTRODUCTION COSTS 3: IMMUNIZATION ACTIVITIES AND LINE ITEM COSTS 4: MARKOV DECISION PROCESSES (MDPS) 5: DERIVATION OF THE ANNUAL EXPECTED COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INFECTED STATE 6: MAKING MODELS PROBABILISTIC AND ESTIMATING THE VALUE OF INFORMATION

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Book SynopsisThis pioneering volume illustrates the profound intersectional impact of commercial actors on our sociocultural and physical environments and the necessity for cross-disciplinary communication and collaboration on these critical health issues.Trade ReviewThe Commercial Determinants of Health is a book that should transform how public health is defined, taught and delivered. Its contributors, 54 academics from Canada to New Zealand to Ethiopia to the U.K., explain how corporations and governments promote prosperity even at the cost of their customers' and citizens' lives. * Crawford Kilian, TheTyee.ca *Power, privilege, and profitable poisons: commercial determinants are fast becoming the most urgent and significant health, social, and governance challenge of our time. At the heart of the greatest risk facing our planet and populations, this book is an important resource furthering our understandings and catalyzing our responses to the commercial determinants of health. * Sandro Demaio, CEO, VicHealth *An important and timely introduction to the field of how commercial factors shape our health, and what we might do about it. This book is essential reading for all working to reduce health inequalities. * Jennifer Dixon, Chief Executive, The Health Foundation *This much needed and unprecedented resource tackles the 'elephant in the room'—the dramatic impacts of for-profit enterprises on global health. As a World Health Organization priority area, these commercial determinants of health must be understood and addressed to improve health, wellbeing, and equity. This book's depth and scope across geographies, populations, and industries is a valuable resource. I encourage anyone working in global health or interested in how industries impact the world around us to read it and apply its messages. * Etienne Krug, Director, Social Determinants, World Health Organization *This is a timely and impressive collection by leading scholars on the current state of research on the commercial determinants of health. An essential resource for anyone concerned about how certain forms of profit-seeking are running roughshod over the well-being of populations and the planet. * Kelley Lee, Professor and Canada Research Chair in Global Health Governance, Simon Fraser University, and Scientific Director, Pacific Institute on Pathogens, Pandemics and Society *Table of ContentsSection 1: Why Commercial Determinants? Chapter 1: Commercial Determinants of Health: An Introduction Nason Maani, Mark Petticrew, and Sandro Galea Chapter 2: A Systems Perspective on the Pathways of Influence between CDOH and Health Cécile Knai and Natalie Savona Chapter 3: Global Health and Equity Burden of Commercial Determinants of Health Julia Anaf, Fran Baum, and Matt Fisher Section 2: How Do Commercial Determinants Shape Upstream Drivers of Health? Chapter 4: The Role of Policy in Studying the Commercial Determinants of Health Benjamin Hawkins Chapter 5: Understanding the Politics of the Commercial Determinants of Health Eduardo J. Gómez Chapter 6: The Role of Commercial Influences in Public Understanding of Harms, Causes and Solutions Mark Petticrew, Nason Maani, and May van Schalkwyk Chapter 7: The Role of Corporations in Influencing Culture Nancy Tomes Chapter 8: Industry Influence on Science: What Is Happening and What Can Be Done Alice Fabbri and Anna Gilmore Chapter 9: Role in Trade Deals and Investment Pepita Barlow and Eric Crosbie Section 3: Case Studies by Industry Chapter 10: Hidden from View: Alcohol Industry Efforts to Keep the Epidemic of Alcohol-Related Harm from Public Awareness Tim Stockwell and Erin Hobin Chapter 11: Learning from 70 Years of Tobacco Control: Winning the War and Not Just the Battles Anna B. Gilmore and Sarah Dance Chapter 12: The Fossil Fuel Industry: Fuelling Doubt and Navigating Contradiction May van Schalkwyk, Nason Maani, and Mark Petticrew Chapter 13: The Gambling Industry: Harmful Products, Predatory Practices and the Politics of Knowledge May van Schalkwyk and Rebecca Cassidy Chapter 14: Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Eric Crosbie, Laura Schmidt, Jim Krieger, and Marion Nestle Section 4: Cross-Industry Mechanisms Chapter 15: Marketing Simone Pettigrew and Alexandra Jones Chapter 16: Corporate Social Responsibility: Past, Present, and Future Nino Paichadze, Vinu Ilakkuvan, Muluken Gizaw, and Adnan A. Hyder Chapter 17: The Institutionalization of Corporate Power within Policy Gary Fooks Chapter 18: Corporations as Irresponsible Artificial People: Human Rights, Profits, and Public Health George J. Annas Chapter 19: Industry Influence on Research: A Cycle of Bias Lisa Bero Chapter 20: The Global Technology Sector as a Commercial Determinant of Health Nora Kenworthy, Katerini Tagmatarchi Storeng, and Marco Zenone Section 5: Advancing Science and Scholarship Chapter 21: Defining the Commercial Determinants of Health Jennifer Lacy-Nichols, Cassandra de Lacy-Vawdon, and Rob Moodie Chapter 22: Assessing Power Structures Joana Madureira Lima Chapter 23: Rethinking Conflict of Interest: From Individual to Structural Understandings Jeff Collin, Rob Ralston, and Sarah Hill Chapter 24: Assessing the Health Impacts of the Commercial Determinants of Health Luke N. Allen Chapter 25: Assessing the Economic Impacts of Corporations Martin McKee Chapter 26: Prioritizing Research on the Foundational Drivers of Corporate Policy Influence William H. Wiist Chapter 27: The Influence of Commercial Industries on Public Discourse Shona Hilton Chapter 28: Commercial Determinants of Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Salma M. Abdalla, Leona Ofei, Nason Maani, and Sandro Galea Section 6: A Way Forward Chapter 29: The Question of Industry Partnerships Peter J. Adams Chapter 30: Understanding and Managing Corporate Conflicts of Interest Katherine Cullerton and Martin White Chapter 31: Teaching the Commercial Determinants of Health Nicholas Freudenberg and Eric Crosbie Chapter 32: Learning from Experience: Identifying Key Intervention Points around Corporate Practices to Improve Health Mélissa Mialon, Julia Anaf, and Fran Baum Chapter 33: A Policy Agenda for the Commercial Determinants of Health Sally Casswell Chapter 34: Commercial Determinants of Health: A Research and Translational Agenda Nason Maani, Mark Petticrew, and Sandro Galea Index

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Book SynopsisFrom a leading political thinker, this book is both an invaluable playbook for meeting our current moment and a stirring reflection on the future of democracy itself.Trade Review"Political theorist Allen shrewdly analyzes how and why the US response to COVID-19 fell short, and suggests what should be done to better prepare for the next pandemic. . . . This is a trenchant call for reimagining how America functions in a time of crisis." * Publishers Weekly *"In this stirring manifesto, the renowned political theorist Allen argues that the United States’ woeful response to the COVID-19 pandemic must serve as a wake-up call for Americans to rebuild their public health infrastructure and renew their constitutional democracy." * Foreign Affairs *"In her new book, Democracy in the Time of Coronavirus, Allen argues that federalism, rather than being a problem, offers solutions to what ails democracy today. In particular, she embraces what she calls 'cooperative federalism.' . . . For Allen, cooperative federalism suggests that the federal government should focus on the big picture: setting overarching goals and identifying promising practices for how best to respond to the pandemic. In contrast, states, counties, cities, and local governments should concentrate on 'the nitty-gritty'—contact tracing, testing, treating the ill, and supporting those who are isolating." * Nation *"It’s not the first political book on the pandemic, but it’s the first I’ve taken seriously so far. . . . It takes a truly original thinker to excite the intellectual public with fresh insights on the pandemic. Allen is the political thinker the modern intelligentsia has patiently held their breath to learn from. She is among the foremost theorists on democracy so an opportunity to uncover her thoughts on how the pandemic exposed cracks in modern democratic governance is thrilling. Of course, her purpose is not to tear down democracy, but rather to discover how to repair it for the future." * Democracy Paradox *"[Allen] argues that democracies can learn from health, economic, and political crises how to reestablish social contracts and build pandemic resilience. . . This book concisely identifies the many and multivalent concerns before COVID vaccines became available—a critical period to document—and it also raises a number of provocative arguments that might form the basis for a lively reader discussion. Finally, other scholars and reformers should further consider Allen's views on social rights and integrative policy judgment." * Choice *"[Allen's] book—published during her campaign for Massachusetts governor—has an aspirational quality; it is rich with discussion of the purposes of our federal constitutional democracy, the social contract, and political legitimacy. She focuses exclusively on COVID-19 but uses the crisis to illustrate the larger problems of U.S. governance." * Boston Review *“Allen’s public life has been spent arguing for democracy, living it, teaching it. She is an exemplar of a democratic citizen, putting forth her ideas in public space for open debate and thereby encouraging us all to join her in communal democratic life.” -- Jonathan Lear, Committee on Social Thought, University of Chicago“Allen’s clear understanding of the social and political challenges to an advanced, industrial democracy that lacks foundational trust make this book an important tool in approaching the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It is an excellent broad-brush approach to the need for restoring our social contract.” -- Daniel P. Aldrich, author of "Building Resilience: Social Capital in Post-Disaster Recovery"“Scrutinizing our founding document, Allen sees it as a clarion call for equality.” * New York Times Book Review, Editors’ Choice, on "Our Declaration" *“Remarkable. . . . A tour de force.” * New York Review of Books, on "Our Declaration" *“A primer on all that we have been missing. . . . Invaluable.” * Washington Post, on "Our Declaration" *"Political philosopher Danielle S. Allen, Conant University Professor and, for a time, a candidate for the Democratic nomination for governor of Massachusetts, has examined the pandemic in light of America’s social and political arrangements. In Democracy in the Time of Coronavirus, Allen . . . finds deep reasons for concern." * Harvard Magazine *Table of ContentsPreface Chapter 1: Democracy in Crisis Chapter 2: Pandemic Resilience Chapter 3: Federalism Is an Asset Chapter 4: A Transformed Peace: An Agenda for Healing Our Social Contract Acknowledgments References Index

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Book SynopsisAmidst concerns about replicability but also thanks to the professionalisation of labs, the rise of pre-registration, the switch to online experiments, and enhanced computational power, experimental economics is undergoing rapid changes. They all call for efficient designs and data analysis, that is, they require that, given the constraints on participants'' time, experiments provide as rich information as possible. In this Element the authors explore some ways in which this goal may be reached.

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Book SynopsisDr Tony Holohan served as Chief Medical Officer in Ireland for 14 years, but only really became known to the public during the Covid 19 pandemic. During this time his remarkable leadership skills came to the fore and he became the public face of the pandemic, helping to steer the nation through the biggest public health crisis in Ireland's modern history.However, while dealing with the most serious pandemic in a century in his professional life, he was also enduring challenges at home. His beloved wife of 25 years, Emer, was battling cancer, and died in February 2021. This remarkable book reflects on these experiences and inspires us to have those difficult conversations that ultimately make life more meaningful.Trade Review'Engrossing, readable, and thought-provoking' -- Prof Brendan Kelly * The Medical Independent *'A compelling, honest and at times brutal and deeply emotional account' * Irish Independent *'dignified, careful and compelling' * The Irish Times *'Worth reading' -- Allan Prosser * Irish Examiner *'A very important contribution from a man at the very heart of policy making' -- John Kirkaldy * Books Ireland *'Worthy and humane' -- Andrew Lynch * Business Post *

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Book SynopsisThe healthcare industry is one of the largest and fastest-growing service industries in the world. The respective merits of public and private healthcare systems are continually debated, but a third system – that of healthcare cooperatives – is rapidly emerging as a universal, community-focused and cost-effective alternative. Rooted in remarkable examples from every corner of the world, World Healthcare Cooperatives highlights both the challenges a successful healthcare cooperative may face, as well as its proven effectiveness in making a difference. Understanding that, for many, especially in developing countries, private hospitals and healthcare insurance plans are expensive and out of reach, and that globally many public healthcare systems are under-resourced, chapters demonstrate how healthcare cooperatives have a critical role to play in providing services sustainably and at an affordable cost. Addressing the persistent gap between supply and demand in the healthcare sector, the authors highlight the capability of healthcare cooperatives to create a positive impact. With examples from Canada, Argentina, Japan, Africa, Brazil, Columbia, Sri Lanka, Spain, and India, chapters showcase the services that cooperatives can offer their communities, including the establishment of hospitals, medical facilities, and other infrastructure, as well as opportunities in biotechnology and information technology research. Considering more than 100 million households worldwide that have benefitted from healthcare cooperatives, this pioneering collection triggers a new direction of research to support those seeking to establish healthcare infrastructure in developing and least developed countries in achieving universal healthcare for all.Table of ContentsIntroduction: World Healthcare Cooperatives: Challenges and Opportunities; K.K. Tripathy, Sneha Kumari, V.G. Venkatesh, M.P. Sukumaran Nair, and R. Jayalakshmi Chapter 1. The Emergence of Health Cooperatives: Experiences and Way Forward; Ashok Dalwai, Ritambhara Singh, Vishita Khanna, and Rutuparna S. Chapter 2. Role and Importance of Cooperative Structure in Healthcare (with Regional Perspectives); Vignesh Sudhir and Sudhir Velayudhan Chapter 3. Initiatives and Learnings from World Healthcare Models; Sneha Kumari, V.G. Venkatesh, Priyanka Sunil Kothmire, M.P. Sukumaran Nair, and K.K. Tripathy Chapter 4. Governance of Healthcare Cooperatives with Reference to the Case of Thrikkakara Healthcare Cooperative; M.P. Sukumaran Nair Chapter 5. Healthcare Cooperatives in Argentina and Their Effect on Women and the Local Communities; Nirupama Patwardhan Chapter 6. Successful Model of Healthcare Cooperative Models: A Road Map – Abdur Razzaque Ansari Memorial (ARAM) Hospital by Handloom Weavers Jharkhand; Niharika Singh and Aditi Mishra Chapter 7. Spain Healthcare Cooperatives: Inspiring Model for the Developing Countries; Khushbu Thadani and Mansi Patnaik Chapter 8. Rebuilding and Founding Healthcare Cooperatives: A Review of ‘Ayushman Sahakar’ Scheme in India and ‘Gampaha’ Cooperative in Srilanka as a Development Mechanism; Samaya Pillai, Manik Kadam, Madhavi Damle, and Pankaj Pathak Chapter 9. Ideating Healthcare Cooperatives as Parallel Progression for Health and Healthcare Services; Leelavathi R., Arun Prakash, and Rakhi Mohan Chapter 10. Challenges and Growing Opportunities for Healthcare Cooperatives; Raj Krishna and Kumar Mukul Choudhary

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Book SynopsisRooted in thoughtful evidence and achievable actions, this work tackles the barriers posed by the drive for economic growth to empower readers to contribute to positive transformation and create a healthier, more just and more sustainable world.

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Book SynopsisResilience has become an important topic on the safety research agenda and in organizational practice. Most empirical work on resilience has been descriptive, identifying characteristics of work and organizing activity which allow organizations to cope with unexpected situations. Fewer studies have developed testable models and theories that can be used to support interventions aiming to increase resilience and improve safety. In addition, the absent integration of different system levels from individuals, teams, organizations, regulatory bodies, and policy level in theory and practice imply that mechanisms through which resilience is linked across complex systems are not yet well understood. Scientific efforts have been made to develop constructs and models that present relationships; however, these cannot be characterized as sufficient for theory building. There is a need for taking a broader look at resilience practices as a foundation for developing a theoretical framework that can help improve safety in complex systems. This book does not advocate for one definition or one field of research when talking about resilience; it does not assume that the use of resilience concepts is necessarily positive for safety. We encourage a broad approach, seeking inspiration across different scientific and practical domains for the purpose of further developing resilience at a theoretical and an operational level of relevance for different high-risk industries. The aim of the book is twofold: 1. To explore different approaches for operationalization of resilience across scientific disciplines and system levels. 2. To create a theoretical foundation for a resilience framework across scientific disciplines and system levels. By presenting chapters from leading international authors representing different research disciplines and practical fields we develop suggestions and inspiration for the research community and practitioners in high-risk industries.This book is Open Access under a CC-BY licence. Table of ContentsExploring resilience – an introduction, by Siri Wiig and Babette Fahlbruch.- Resilience, reliability, safety: multilevel research challenges, by Jean-Christophe Le Coze.- Moments of resilience: time, space and the organisation of safety in complex sociotechnical systems, by Carl Macrae.- Resilience engineering as a quality improvement method in Healthcare, by Janet E. Anderson, A. J. Ross, J. Back, M. Duncan and P. Jaye.- Resilience and Essential Public Infrastructure, by Michael Baram.- Human performance, levels of service and system resilience, by Miltos Kyriakidis and Vinh N. Dang.- Precursor resilience in practice – an organizational response to weak signals, by Kenneth Pettersen Gould.- Leadership in resilient organizations, by Gudela Grote.- Modelling the influence of safety management tools on resilience, by Teemu Reiman and Kaupo Viitanen.- Resilient characteristics as described in empirical studies on health Care, by Siv Hilde Berg and Karina Aase.- Resilience from the United Nations Standpoint: The Challenges of “Vagueness”, by Leah R. Kimber.- Building resilience in humanitarian hospital programs during protracted conflicts: opportunities and limitations, by Ingrid Tjoflåt and Britt Sætre Hansen.- Exploring Resilience at Interconnected System Levels in Air Traffic Management, by Rogier Woltjer.- Resilience in healthcare: a modified stakeholder analysis, by Mary Chambers and Marianne Storm.- Resilience: From Practice to Theory and Back Again, by Carl Macrae and Siri Wiig.

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Book SynopsisIn view of the rising importance and prevalence of network-based collaboration, this book aims to meet the need for more theory in this area. Theoretically conceptualizing and empirically describing the practice of reflexive leadership in inter-organisational networks, it explores how member organisations approach reflexive leadership and the associated challenges. Examining these questions from wider leadership theory perspectives as well as a tighter focus upon inter-organizational networks, the author specifically explores how reflexive leadership can be sustained and how social and political contexts may obstruct or support its use, acceptance and practice. Based on in-depth qualitative empirical fieldwork in the Swiss healthcare sector, the book offers a novel practice-theoretical model for use in inter-organizational networks.Table of Contents1. The need for reflexive leadership in inter-organizational networks Research question and research issues Relevance to research and managerial practice Theoretical perspectives Empirical perspectives Contributions and structure of the book 2. Theoretical foundations of leadership in networks Action- and structure-oriented theories of leading in networks Affordances and limitations Towards a practice theory of leading in networks Summary and outlook 3. Reconstructing leadership in networks as a reflexive practice Principles of practice theory Networks as bundles of inter-organizational practices The practice of leading in inter-organizational networks The meaning and role of reflexivity in leadership practice Summary and outlook 4. Methodology Longitudinal qualitative comparative case study design Research context and field access Data collection and analysis Research aim and ethical considerations Summary and outlook 5. A practice-theoretical model of reflexive leadership in networks Assumptions about networks, leadership, and the role of reflexivity A closer look at the model Summary and outlook 6. Case study I: Peripheral Starting conditions (2000 – 2002) Period 1 (2003 – 2006): Peripheral’s birth Period 2 (2007 – 2008): Peripheral’s pilot phase Period 3 (2009 – 2013): Integrating care Summary and outlook 7. Case Study II: Urban Starting conditions (2000 – 2006) Period 1 (2007 – 2009): Urban’s launch Period 2 (2010 – 2012): Building Urban Period 3 (2013 – 2014): Ambulatory primary care Summary and outlook 8. Discussion Comparative analysis and theorization Theoretical implications Practical implications 9. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book presents work on healthcare management and engineering using optimization and simulation methods and techniques. Specific topics covered in the contributed chapters include discrete-event simulation, patient admission scheduling, simulation-based emergency department control systems, patient transportation, cost function networks, hospital bed management, and operating theater scheduling. The content will be valuable for researchers and postgraduate students in computer science, information technology, industrial engineering, and applied mathematics.Table of ContentsA Two-Dimensional Categorization Scheme for Simulation-/Optimization-Based Decision Support in Hospitals Applied to Overall Bed Management in Interdependent Wards Under Flexibility.- Heuristics Based on the Hungarian Method for the Patient Admission Scheduling Problem.- A Bi-objective Algorithm for Robust Operating Theatre Scheduling.- Cost Function Networks to Solve Large Computational Protein Design Problems.- Modeling and Simulation in a Dialysis Center of the Hedi Chaker Hospital- Toward a Proactive and Reactive Simulation-Based Emergency Department Control System to Cope with Strain Situations.- A Decentralized Approach to the Home Healthcare Problem.- Wounded Transportation and Assignment to Hospital During Crises.- Carbon Footprints in Emergency Departments: A Simulation-Optimization Analysis.- The Effect of Risks on Discrete Event Simulation in Healthcare Systems.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book provides an essential guide to value sets for anyone working with EQ-5D-5L data. The EQ-5D-5L is one of the most widely used health related quality of life questionnaires around the world, with applications in clinical trials, population health surveys and routine outcomes measurement. In addition to providing a concise, generic way of describing health, the EQ-5D-5L facilitates the valuation of health and health improvements through its value sets, which play a pivotal role in Health Technology Assessment across the world. Value sets for the EQ-5D-5L have been produced in a wide range of countries and regions, using a standardised international protocol developed by the EuroQol Group. This book brings together, for the first time, a comprehensive inventory of these value sets and a comparative review of their characteristics. In addition to the structured summaries of each value set, the book provides clear guidance to users and researchers on how to choose which value set to use, for what purpose. It also provides information about the methods that were used to produce these values, how these methods have been refined and how they may evolve in future. The book is the culmination of a substantial programme of work internationally. By collating these value sets into a single volume, the book aims to provide an easy-to-use resource which is likely to become a key reference source for EQ-5D-5L users and researchers. Table of ContentsForeword 1 (Michael Drummond)Foreword 2 (Kim Rand)PrefaceChapter 1. The development of the EQ-5D-5L and its value sets (Nancy Devlin, Simon Pickard, Jan Busschbach)Chapter 2. The Development and Strengthening of Methods for Valuing EQ-5D-5L – an Overview (Elly Stolk, Juan Manuel Ramos-Goñi, Kristina Ludwig, Mark Oppe, Richard Norman)Chapter 3. Experimental Design for the Valuation of the EQ-5D-5L (Mark Oppe, Richard Norman, Zhihao Yang, Ben van Hout)Chapter 4. EQ-5D-5L value set summaries (Bram Roudijk, Kristina Ludwig, Nancy Devlin)Chapter 5. Guidance to users of EQ-5D-5L value sets (Nancy Devlin, Aureliano Paolo Finch, David Parkin)Chapter 6. How do EQ-5D-5L value sets differ? (Bram Roudijk, Bas Janssen, Jan Abel Olsen)Chapter 7. Where next for EQ-5D-5L national value sets and the EQ-VT protocol? (Richard Norman, Nancy Devlin, Elly Stolk)GlossaryReferences

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This upper level textbook provides a coherent introduction to the economic implications of individual and population ageing. Placing economic considerations into a wider social sciences context, this is ideal reading not only for advanced undergraduate and masters students in economics, health economics and the economics of ageing, but also policy makers, students, professionals and practitioners in gerontology, sociology, health-related sciences and social care.This volume introduces the different conceptualisations of age and definitions of `old age', as well as the main theories of individual ageing as developed in the disciplines of biology, psychology and sociology. It covers the economic theories of fertility, mortality and migration and describes the four main frameworks that can be used to study economics and ageing, namely the life cycle, the overlapping generations, the perpetual youth and the dynastic models.

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Book SynopsisWritten in the form of a professional memoir, the author describes the technical details and political intrigues behind these efforts. The book begins by describing his service with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in West Africa. It concludes with an account of an attempt to establish for WHO the Health Leadership Service', a young professionals programme modelled on the Epidemic Intelligence Service of the CDC. His story is supplemented with posters, photographs, and detailed charts and figures that bring to life a largely ignored public health triumph.

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Book SynopsisAdvanced Statistics for Health Research provides a rigorous geometric understanding of models used in the analysis of health data, including linear and non-linear regression models, and supervised machine learning models. Models drawn from the health literature include: ordinary least squares, two-stage least squares, probits, logits, Cox regressions, duration modeling, quantile regression and random forest regression. Causal inference techniques from the health literature are presented including randomization, matching and propensity score matching, differences-in-differences, instrumental variables, regression discontinuity, and fixed effects analysis. Codes for the respective statistical techniques presented are given for STATA, SAS and R.

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Book SynopsisThe COVID-19 pandemic has changed the face of international and domestic tourism and sharply focused attention on the importance of tourist health, safety and wellbeing like never before. This book offers a unique perspective on the challenges facing the world’s largest service industry to protect and care for customers in a rapidly evolving environment where borders have closed, social distancing rules apply and personal hygiene has become a key focus in everyday life. Yet tourism is a very resilient industry and history shows there is always an immediate surge toward recovery after a crisis has passed. Humans want to travel and see the world. While we appreciate that the pandemic is far from over, already there are reports of pent-up demand for travel as restrictions ease at some destinations and borders begin to open. As we move hopefully toward the recovery phase and people begin to move around for business and pleasure, this book presents the reader with key information and insights in both traditional and emerging areas of tourist health, safety and wellbeing, recognising that the world is now shaped by this pandemic, bringing change, potentially enduring benefits and lasting legacies.Table of ContentsForeword.- Preface.- Acknowledgements.- Chapter 1. Issues in Tourist Health, Safety and Wellbeing (Jeff Wilks, Donna Pendergast, Peter A. Leggat and Damian Morgan).- Part I: Health.- Chapter 2. Travel Medicine and Tourist Health (Peter A. Leggat).- Chapter 3. Pre- and Post-Travel Medical Consultations (Deborah J. Mills, Lani Ramsey and Luis Furuya-Kanamori).- Chapter 4. Vulnerable Groups and Travel Health Considerations (Sarah L. McGuinness and Robert Steffen).- Part II: Safety.- Chapter 5. Tourism Security in a Post-COVID-19 World: Issues of Tourism Policing and Civil Unrest (Peter Tarlow).- Chapter 6. Food Safety and Hygiene (Donna Pendergast).- Chapter 7. Travelling Safely in an Unsafe World–A Shared Responsibility (Yetta Gurtner and David King).- Chapter 8. Tourist Injury (Richard C. Franklin, Lauren Miller, Kerrianne Watt and Peter A. Leggat).- Part III: Wellbeing.- Chapter 9. Health Psychology, Positive Psychology, and the Tourist (Thomas E. Hannan, Jacob J. Keech, Mandy Cassimatis and Kyra Hamilton).- Chapter 10. Wellbeing and Quality of Life in Tourism (Adiyukh Berbekova and Muzaffer Uysal).- Chapter 11. Domestic Nature-Based Tourism and Wellbeing—A Roadmap for the New Normal? (Michael Lück and Richard S. Aquino).- Chapter 12. Study and Tourism: Challenges for International Students in 2020 (Kay Hartwig and Elizabeth Wheeley).- Chapter 13. Generation Z, COVID-19 and Tourism (Donna Pendergast and Kyrra Wilks).- Part IV: Contexts.- Chapter 14. Understanding How Tourists Perceive and Respond to Risk: A Focus on Health Risk (Jie Wang and Marion Karl).- Chapter 15. Safety Management in the Adventure Tourism Industry (Damian Morgan).- Chapter 16. Managing Visitor Risk in National Parks (Anna Gstaettner, Kate Rodger and Diane Lee).- Chapter 17. Safety in Coastal and Marine Tourism (Jeff Wilks).- Part V: Government and Industry Activity.- Chapter 18. Government Travel Advisories (David Beirman).- Chapter 19. Creating a Safer Journey: Exploring Emerging Innovations in the Aviation Sector (Gui Lohmann, Bruno Pereira and Luke Houghton).- Chapter 20. The Great Reset: Hospitality Redefined (Marianna Sigala).- Chapter 21. Cruise Ships and Passenger Health (Peter A. Leggat and Richard C. Franklin).- Chapter 22. Safe Travel—The Legal Duty of Care to Keep Tourists Safe (Anthony J. Cordato).

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Book Synopsis'The collection represents an extraordinary intellectual achievement and ... a handbook for anyone thinking about health and health policy.'Foreword by Sir Angus Deatonwinner of the Nobel Prize in Economics 'Victor Fuchs ... is one of the world's most influential figures in health, medicine, and policy ... His writings could be considered the single most authoritative guidebook on health economics.'Foreword by Victor J Dzau, MDPresident of the National Academy of Medicine Victor Fuchs offers a selection of his public lectures, articles, papers, and op-eds during the past 50 years. Also included are forewords by Sir Angus Deaton, Nobel Prize Laureate in Economics, and Victor Dzau, MD, president of the National Academy of Medicine. Organized in eight parts, it begins with an introduction to the field of health economics and ends with tributes to the founders and leaders of the field. In between, Fuchs discusses the determinants of health, the cost of medical care, international comparisons, health insurance, demography and aging, and health policy and health care reform. A special introduction precedes each Part. This book represents what Fuchs calls the economic perspective applied to health and medical care, a perspective of which Angus Deaton says, 'Fuchs has long been the master.'

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Book SynopsisFrom a leading political thinker, this book is both an invaluable playbook for meeting our current moment and a stirring reflection on the future of democracy itself.Trade Review"Political theorist Allen shrewdly analyzes how and why the US response to COVID-19 fell short, and suggests what should be done to better prepare for the next pandemic. . . . This is a trenchant call for reimagining how America functions in a time of crisis." * Publishers Weekly *"In this stirring manifesto, the renowned political theorist Allen argues that the United States’ woeful response to the COVID-19 pandemic must serve as a wake-up call for Americans to rebuild their public health infrastructure and renew their constitutional democracy." * Foreign Affairs *"In her new book, Democracy in the Time of Coronavirus, Allen argues that federalism, rather than being a problem, offers solutions to what ails democracy today. In particular, she embraces what she calls 'cooperative federalism.' . . . For Allen, cooperative federalism suggests that the federal government should focus on the big picture: setting overarching goals and identifying promising practices for how best to respond to the pandemic. In contrast, states, counties, cities, and local governments should concentrate on 'the nitty-gritty'—contact tracing, testing, treating the ill, and supporting those who are isolating." * Nation *"It’s not the first political book on the pandemic, but it’s the first I’ve taken seriously so far. . . . It takes a truly original thinker to excite the intellectual public with fresh insights on the pandemic. Allen is the political thinker the modern intelligentsia has patiently held their breath to learn from. She is among the foremost theorists on democracy so an opportunity to uncover her thoughts on how the pandemic exposed cracks in modern democratic governance is thrilling. Of course, her purpose is not to tear down democracy, but rather to discover how to repair it for the future." * Democracy Paradox *"[Allen] argues that democracies can learn from health, economic, and political crises how to reestablish social contracts and build pandemic resilience. . . This book concisely identifies the many and multivalent concerns before COVID vaccines became available—a critical period to document—and it also raises a number of provocative arguments that might form the basis for a lively reader discussion. Finally, other scholars and reformers should further consider Allen's views on social rights and integrative policy judgment." * Choice *"[Allen's] book—published during her campaign for Massachusetts governor—has an aspirational quality; it is rich with discussion of the purposes of our federal constitutional democracy, the social contract, and political legitimacy. She focuses exclusively on COVID-19 but uses the crisis to illustrate the larger problems of U.S. governance." * Boston Review *“Allen’s public life has been spent arguing for democracy, living it, teaching it. She is an exemplar of a democratic citizen, putting forth her ideas in public space for open debate and thereby encouraging us all to join her in communal democratic life.” -- Jonathan Lear, Committee on Social Thought, University of Chicago“Allen’s clear understanding of the social and political challenges to an advanced, industrial democracy that lacks foundational trust make this book an important tool in approaching the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It is an excellent broad-brush approach to the need for restoring our social contract.” -- Daniel P. Aldrich, author of "Building Resilience: Social Capital in Post-Disaster Recovery"“Scrutinizing our founding document, Allen sees it as a clarion call for equality.” * New York Times Book Review, Editors’ Choice, on "Our Declaration" *“Remarkable. . . . A tour de force.” * New York Review of Books, on "Our Declaration" *“A primer on all that we have been missing. . . . Invaluable.” * Washington Post, on "Our Declaration" *"Political philosopher Danielle S. Allen, Conant University Professor and, for a time, a candidate for the Democratic nomination for governor of Massachusetts, has examined the pandemic in light of America’s social and political arrangements. In Democracy in the Time of Coronavirus, Allen . . . finds deep reasons for concern." * Harvard Magazine *Table of ContentsPreface Chapter 1: Democracy in Crisis Chapter 2: Pandemic Resilience Chapter 3: Federalism Is an Asset Chapter 4: A Transformed Peace: An Agenda for Healing Our Social Contract Acknowledgments References Index

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Book SynopsisThe book draws on a wealth of international evidence to develop a vision for a new and better universal healthcare system for the UK based on consumer sovereignty, freedom of choice, competition and pluralism.

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Book SynopsisA transformative approach to public health and social care in the wake of Covid-19Trade Review‘A brilliant exposé of how the political left in Britain is unaware of, and can start to begin to address, the effects of ever-increasing opting-out from public health and care services by those who can’ -- Danny Dorling, Professor of Geography at the University of Oxford'The boldest blueprint for public health since Bevan' -- Sonia Adesara, NHS Doctor and Campaigner'The ideas in this book are as significant and radical as the birth of the NHS, it shows a new, fairer vision for improving the health of the nation and a comprehensive plan for how to do it' -- Shirley Cramer, former CEO of the Royal Society for Public Health'A vital book that shows just how broken the health status quo truly is. Thomas' work will arm campaigners to demand a better, more just public health system - and to defend human life against corporate exploitation' -- Dr Aseem Malhotra, author of 'A Statin-Free Life' and Founder of Public Health Collaboration'A well-argued plan to bring together health, social and economic justice' -- Andy McDonald MP'A fantastically well written book that shows just how much public health has been neglected in the UK and the actions we need now' -- Dr Jyotsna Vohra, Director of Policy and Public Affairs at the Royal Society for Public HealthTable of ContentsAbbreviations List of Tables Acknowledgements Preface Introduction 1. The NHS Frontier 2. The Social Justice Frontier 3. The Economic Frontier 4. The Social Care Frontier 5. The Sustainability Frontier 6. The Public Health New Deal Epilogue: Labour’s Medicine Notes Index

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisIn this well-documented book, Alain Enthoven develops the ideas of consumer choice and managed competition of alternative health care financing and delivery systems, as well as describing ways to improve quality and reduce the cost of health care.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. ‘Competition of Alternative Delivery Systems’, in Warren Greenberg (ed.), Competition in the Health Care Sector: Past, Present and Future, 1978, 255–77 2. ‘Consumer-Choice Health Plan: Inflation and Inequality in Health Care Today: Alternatives for Cost Control and an Analysis of Proposals for National Health Insurance’ and ‘Consumer-Choice Health Plan: A National-Health-Insurance Proposal Based on Regulated Competition in the Private Sector’, New England Journal of Medicine, 298 (12 and 13), 1978, 650–58 and 709–20 3. ‘Shattuck Lecture – Cutting Cost Without Cutting the Quality of Care’, New England Journal of Medicine, 298, June 1, 1978, 1229–38 4. ‘Consumer-centered vs. Job-centered Health Insurance’, Harvard Business Review, 57 (1), 1979, 38–49 5. ‘A New Proposal to Reform the Tax Treatment of Health Insurance’, Health Affairs, 3 (1), 1984, 21–39 6. ‘Managed Competition in Health Care and the Unfinished Agenda’, Health Care Financing Review, Annual Supplement, 1986, 105–19 7. ‘Effective Management of Competition in the FEHBP’, Health Affairs, 8 (3), 1989, 33–50 8. ‘What Can Europeans Learn from Americans?’, Health Care Financing Review, Annual Supplement, 1989, 49–63 9. ‘Internal Market Reform of the British National Health Service’, Health Affairs, 10 (3), 1991, 60–70 10. ‘Quality Management in the NHS: The Doctor’s Role – I and II’, BMJ: British Medical Journal, 304 (6821 and 6822), 1992, 235–39 and 304–8 (with D.M. Berwick and J.P. Bunker) 11. ‘The History and Principles of Managed Competition’, Health Affairs, 12 (Supplement 1), 1993, 24–48 12. ‘In Pursuit of an Improving National Health Service’, Health Affairs, 19 (3), 2000, 102–19 13. ‘Modernising the NHS: A Promising Start, but Fundamental Reform is Needed’, BMJ: British Medical Journal, 320, 13 May 2000, 1329–31 14. ‘Employment-Based Health Insurance is Failing: Now What?’, Health Affairs Web Exclusive, http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/early/2003/05/28/hlthaff.w3.237.citation, 28 May 2003, w3-237–49 15. ‘Clinically Integrated Health Care in the English NHS’, Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 14 (2), 2009, 65–7 16. ‘Going Dutch – Managed-Competition Health Insurance in the Netherlands’, New England Journal of Medicine, 357 (24), 2007, 2421–3 (with Wynand P.M.M. van de Ven) 17. ‘A Living Model of Managed Competition: A Conversation with Dutch Health Minister Ab Klink’, Health Affairs, 27 (3), 2008, w196–203 18. ‘Consumer Choice of Health Plan: Connecting Insurers and Providers in Systems’, Keynote Address for the Dutch/Flemish Association of Health Economists (VGE), Annual Conference at Erasmus University, Rotterdam, November 30, 2006, 1–16 19. ‘Competition in Health Care: It Takes Systems to Pursue Quality and Efficiency’, Health Affairs, Web Exclusive, http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/early/2005/09/07/hlthaff.w5.420.citation, 7 September 2005 w5-420–33 (with Laura A. Tollen) 20. ‘“Redefining Health Care”: Medical Homes or Archipelagos to Navigate?’, Health Affairs, 26 (5), 2007, 1366–72 (with Francis J. Crosson and Stephen M. Shortell) 21. ‘The U.S. Experience with Managed Care and Managed Competition’, in Jane Sneddon Little (ed.), Wanting It All: The Challenge of Reforming the U.S. Health Care System, 2005, 97–117 22. ‘Curing Fragmentation with Integrated Delivery Systems: What They Do, What Has Blocked Them, Why We Need Them, and How to Get There from Here?’, in Einer Elhauge (ed.), The Fragmentation of U.S. Health Care: Causes and Solutions, 2010, 61–85

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Book SynopsisTrade Review‘If you are looking for an engaging treatment by an economist of what optimal pandemic policy response should look like, and what common pitfalls to avoid, that brings to bear insights from epidemiology, economics, and behavioural economics, then I would highly recommend Nudged into Lockdown. Consider this your nudge.’ -- Jeremy Clark, Journal of Economic Psychology‘Nudged into Lockdown? forcefully addresses an important point that has too often gone missing in applied work on nudging and choice architecture: namely, that policy makers and experts, too, make systematic errors when interpreting data and may succumb to biased assessments of risk and uncertainty themselves. The book provides durable insights into how both orthodox benefit-cost analysis and key findings from the behavioural sciences – regarding trust, autonomy and pro-social adaptative responses in decentralised social systems – were sometimes overlooked or underutilised by those who designed covid-response policies.’ -- Nathan Berg, Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics‘In responding to the novel coronavirus pandemic, most governments abandoned the existing scientific and policy consensus and mimicked one another to embrace lockdowns of varying stringency. Remarkably, hardly any seemed to produce cost–benefit analysis. Unremarkably, the cost–benefit balance varied between rich and poor countries. In this rigorous, multi-disciplinary examination, written in clearly accessible language, Ananish Chaudhuri explores the reasons for the herd-like behaviour by governments and for the public compliance with their edicts. A must-read for understanding what really happened with Covid-19 and why, and for being better prepared for the inevitable next pandemic.’ -- Ramesh Thakur, Director of the Centre for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament (CNND), Crawford School, The Australian National University, Vice Rector and Senior Vice Rector of the United Nations University and Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations 1998–2007‘This book is at once scholarly and readily accessible to all. The case Chaudhuri makes is not for any specific policy response, but rather for rational and fully informed decisions – for epidemiology over ideology. If the careful logic and vivid illustrations here pry open enough minds, we will be far better prepared for the next great public health crisis than we were for Covid-19.’ -- David L. Katz, MD, MPH President, True Health Initiative and Founding Director, Yale-Griffin Prevention Research Center, Yale University, US, 1998–2019‘Ananish Chaudhuri lays out the many irrationalities involved in the support for lockdowns in New Zealand and elsewhere: an inability to judge small probabilities, the problems with gut feelings, and many ex-post justification biases. Chaudhuri makes the argument carefully and yet manages to retain great humanism and compassion. A delight to read.’ -- Paul Frijters, Professor in Wellbeing Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK and co-author of An Economic Theory of Greed, Love, Groups, and Networks‘In response to the Covid pandemic, many countries adopted containment policies that did not condition on people’s health status or demographic characteristics. This timely and insightful book addresses the questions of what considerations led to those policies and whether those policies were well-informed. The book begins from the premise that the design of effective policy cannot be based solely on the insights of classic epidemiology models. The reason is both simple and sensible: those models don’t take into account behavioral responses of people to policies like containment. The author’s analysis is multidisciplinary in nature, blending economics, psychology, political science and epidemiology. The result is a rich and informative analysis. I highly recommend this well-written and timely book.’ -- Martin Eichenbaum, Charles Moskos Professor of Economics and Co-Director, Center for International Macroeconomics, Northwestern University, US‘This book is a very timely one for those, like me, who believe the democratic world’s lockdown response to the Covid virus will go down as the worst public policy response of the last few centuries. It is sceptical. It is interesting. It is Great Barrington over Chief Medical Officer. There is more to living and the good life than fear of dying of Covid. All the politicians who focused on that matrix, and ignored other causes of death as well as all the benefits of living in a free society, and more, should have to read this book.’ -- James Allan, Garrick Professor in Law, TC Beirne School of Law, University of Queensland, Australia‘In this book Ananish Chaudhuri achieves the impossible – he offers an easy-to-read book that delivers profound insights about our behavior which applies not just to pandemics, but to many other recurrent situations in our daily lives! A must-read for anyone that wants to make better decisions.’ -- Sudipta Sarangi, Professor and Chair, Department of Economics, Virginia Tech, US, Co-Editor, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization and author of The Economics of Small Things‘Careful comparison of costs and benefits is usually considered a hallmark of wise decision-making. Yet in 2020 many governments abandoned this standard as they tried to minimize deaths from Covid-19 regardless of cost. Traditional cost–benefit arguments were rebuked, by politicians who by nature rarely admit error, but also by ordinary folk affronted that someone would want to “kill granny”. This book draws insights from experimental economics, political science and psychology to show how various biases in decision-making processes contributed to this situation. Fifty years ago, Essence of Decision led a generation of scholars to examine models of government decision-making. Hopefully Ananish Chaudhuri’s lively book has a similar impact, for scholars, students and members of the public concerned about the retreat from rationality that is revealed by policy choices and public attitudes in the Covid-19 era.’ -- John Gibson, Professor of Economics, University of Waikato, New Zealand, Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand and Distinguished Fellow of the New Zealand Association of Economists‘This is an excellent book that nicely discusses cutting-edge applications in behavioural economics pertaining to the Covid-19 pandemic. It is thought-provoking and contains pioneering approaches that broaden the scope of behavioural research. Excellent writing style, making the content of the book accessible to a broad audience. Highly recommended!’ -- Michalis Drouvelis, Professor of Economics, University of Birmingham, UK and Co-ordinating Editor, Theory and Decision‘In New Zealand now it is hard to remember the shock of lockdown as a pandemic response. So much has happened. The virus has been kept at bay, so far. The predicted economic disaster has not happened – yet. Massive financial relief for businesses forcibly suspended and jobs at risk was followed by a rapid recovery when shops reopened. But Ananish Chaudhuri is by no means alone in thinking the country could pay a high and lingering price for its unprecedented lockdown, and that these costs, especially the human costs, should have been weighed against the risks the virus posed. His book uses fascinating behavioral studies of economic decision making and the psychology of popular risk assessment to question the merits of measures that New Zealand’s Government took and New Zealanders overwhelmingly accepted. They should read this book and wonder if these were questions they should have asked.’ -- John Roughan, Political Columnist, New Zealand HeraldTable of ContentsContents: 1. Prologue 2. Gut feelings: biases, heuristics and Covid-19 3. Pathogens and probabilities 4. Should we trust people to do the right thing? 5. Politics, pathogens and party lines 6. Irrational exuberance in the midst of Covid-19 7. Epilogue Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review‘The book offers a fascinating paradigm to reflect upon dementia interventions, promising to widen the lens of interested governments, public health and policy makers, as well as clinicians alike. By interlinking concepts of protecting human rights, preventing elder abuse, caring for persons living with dementia, all contributing to improving global health and economy, this book offers a solid rationale for an international United Nations convention on the human rights for older persons.’ -- Kiran Rabheru, University of Ottawa, Canada‘Robert Brent’s Cost-Benefit Analysis and Dementia provides a comprehensive and accessible examination of how economic tools can assist in making interventions for dementia more effective. Using state-of-the-art economic methods, Brent examines a broad range of efforts ranging from the role of Medicare eligibility to the importance of vision correction and hearing aids. Despite the rigorous attention to the costs and benefits of alternative policies, the book does not lose sight of concerns such as advocacy of broader protections for the human rights of those with dementia.’ -- W. Kip Viscusi, Vanderbilt Law School, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction to dementia, Cost-Benefit Analysis, and the new interventions 2. Measuring dementia symptoms PART II THE COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES 3. Years of education 4. Medicare eligibility 5. Hearing aids 6. Vision correction 7. Avoiding nursing homes PART III PUBLIC POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF DEMENTIA INTERVENTIONS 8. Elder abuse 9. Human rights Index

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Book SynopsisThis second edition of this best-selling book offers a fresh look at how the British NHS is coping under increased pressures. It offers a critical perspective on concerns and a critique of the market-style changes introduced by the Coalition government between 2010 and 2015.Trade Review"This book is ideal for anyone with an interest in health policy, health systems development and the wider health agenda.... a useful resource for all students of health, health professionals, policy makers and strategy developers." Health Service Journal"Read this excellent book to find out where things have gone wrong in the NHS and why." 5 star review by a reader on Amazon.co.uk"A thoughtful assessment of recent NHS reforms that is more balanced and insightful than many of those produced by New Labour's critics. " Critical Social PolicyThis book's strength lies in the clarity of the argument and the presentation of evidence within a clear analytic framework." Sociology of Health & IllnessTable of ContentsSeries Editor’s preface; The Key Challenges Facing Health Systems; Meeting the Challenges; Moving Upstream: the dilemma of securing health in health policy; Models of Health Care Reform; Health Care Priorities; Choice and Health Care; Future Developments in the Evolution of Health Systems.

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Book SynopsisProviding an in-depth review of Russia's key economic policies, this book is the first systematic study of the political economy of oil windfalls in Putin's Russia.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. Understanding Policy-Making in Resource-Rich Countries 2. The Upsurge in Executive Power under President Putin 3. Russia’s Historic Oil Windfalls and the Contest over Who Will Generate the Rents 4. Collecting the Rents: The Contest between the State and the Oil Industry on Dividing the Windfalls 5. The State as a Redistributor of Oil Rents: The Contest over Russia’s Budget and Economic Priorities 6. The State as a Redistributor of Oil Rents: The Battle to Save the Windfalls 7. The Oil Sector as a Redistributor of Rents Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis edited collection explores how the value of training and skills invested in internationally educated health professionals is transferred, and transformed, and in some cases tarnished, at all stages of the international migration process.Table of ContentsIntroduction Global Migration, Gender and Health Professional Credentials: Transnational Value Transfers and Losses Margaret Walton-Roberts Section 1: Health Worker Migration and Global Value Transfer: New Approaches and Challenges 1. The Study of Global Value Chains: Bringing Services and People In John Ravenhill 2. Circulation of Love: Care Transactions in the Global Healthcare Market of Transnational Medical Travel Heidi Kaspar Section 2: Conceptualizing Workplace Integration and Stratification: Immigration Policy, International Credentials, and Intersectional Disadvantage 3. The Migration of Health Professionals to Canada: Reducing Brain Waste and Improving Labour Market Integration Arthur Sweetman 4. Global Migration and Key Issues in Workforce Integration of Skilled Health Workers Andrea Baumann, Mary Crea-Arsenio and V. Antonipillai 5. Gendering Integration Pathways: Migrating Health Professionals to Canada Ivy Bourgeault, Jelena Atanackovic and Elena Neiterman 6. The Global Intimate Workforce Caitlin Henry Section 3: Transnational Health Mobilities: Networks, Regulation and Intermediaries 7. Networking Through Kafala: Understanding Transnational Networks in the Governance of Skilled Migration in the Gulf Crystal Ennis 8. Migration Intermediaries and the Migration of Health Professionals from the Global South Abel Chikanda 9. Transnational Influence in the Philippines Nursing sector: Producing Hardworking, Subservient Nurses for the World Maddy Thompson Section 4: Domestic Policies in Receiving Countries: Value Transfer, Integration and Regulation 10. Transfer of Professional Qualifications of Foreign-Born Nurses: Gender, Migration, and Geographic Valuations of Skill Micheline Van Riemsdijk 11. Ten Years of Ontario’s Fair Access Law: Has Access to Regulated Professions Improved for Internationally Educated Individuals? Nuzhat Jafri 12. Migrant Care Workers in Australia – A Gathering Crisis? John Connell and Joel Negin 13. Care Worker Migration and Robotics in Japan's Aged Care Sector Hector Goldar Perrote and Margaret Walton-Roberts Section 5: Recasting Brain Drain and Global Circulation 14. Nursing the Nation: The intellectual Labor of Early Migrant Nurses in the U.S. and the Development of University Level Nursing Programs in the Philippines (1935-1965) Christine Peralta 15. From Brain Drain to Brain Retrain – A Case of Nigerian Nurses in Canada Sheri Adekola 16. Peripatetic Physicians: Rewriting the South African Brain Drain Narrative Jonathan Crush 17. Recasting the ‘Brain’ in ‘Brain Drain’: A Case Study From Medical Migration Parvati Raghuram, Joanna Bornat and Leroi Henry

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Book SynopsisThe new edition of this influential text addresses key issues about the past, present, and future of workers and unions in Canada.Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Preface to the Third Edition Preface to the Fourth Edition Foreword: Beyond Fatalism – Renewing Working-Class Politics by Sam Gindin Acronyms and Initialisms 1 From the Era of Consent to the Era of Coercion 2 The Postwar Era of Free Collective Bargaining 3 Permanent Exceptionalism: The Turn to Coercion 4 Freeing Trade, Coercing Labour 5 Consolidating Neoliberalism 6 Austerity and Authoritarianism 7 From Great Recession to COVID-19 Crisis 8 The Right to Strike: Freedom of Association and the Charter 9 Labour’s Last Gasp or Revival? Rebuilding Working-Class Resistance Notes Glossary Index

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