Description
Book SynopsisThis book summarizes current theory and evidence relating to immunization supply, demand, distribution, and financing. It provides readers with an understanding of the obstacles faced in the field, and the possible approaches to corresponding solutions.
Table of Contents1. Principles of vaccine economics 1.0: Chapter introduction 1.1: Introduction to global vaccine systems 1.2: Relevance of health economics to vaccines 1.3: Cost of finding and making vaccines: implications for immunization programs 1.4: Vaccination as investment in human capital 1.5: Economics of vaccine delivery 2. Estimating the cost of immunization services 2.0: Chapter introduction 2.1: Why costing studies are needed 2.2: Defining immunization costs 2.3: Designing a primary costing study or analysis 2.4: Data analysis 2.5: Costing new vaccine introduction 3. Economic evaluation of vaccines and vaccine programs 3.0: Chapter introduction 3.1: Overview of decision analysis and cost-effectiveness 3.2: Defining the scope and study design of cost-effectiveness analysis 3.3: Parameter estimation 3.4: Measuring and valuing health outcomes 3.5: Reporting and interpreting results of economic evaluation 3.6: Budget impact analysis and return on investment 3.7: Introduction to decision tree modeling 4. Advanced methods in economic evaluation 4.0: Chapter introduction 4.1: Introduction to Markov modeling 4.2: Static and dynamic modeling 4.3: Probabilistic sensitivity analysis and value of information analysis 4.4: Economic evaluation reference case with Markov model 5. Financing and resource tracking of vaccination Pprograms 5.0: Chapter introduction 5.1: Introduction to immunization financing and expenditure 5.2: Financing of immunization programs 5.3: Donor architecture for immunization financing Appendices 1: EXERCISE: A CASE-STUDY ON ESTIMATING THE TOTAL AND UNIT ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION COSTS FROM THE FACILITY TO THE NATIONAL LEVEL 2: EXERCISE: ESTIMATING NEW VACCINE INTRODUCTION COSTS 3: IMMUNIZATION ACTIVITIES AND LINE ITEM COSTS 4: MARKOV DECISION PROCESSES (MDPS) 5: DERIVATION OF THE ANNUAL EXPECTED COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INFECTED STATE 6: MAKING MODELS PROBABILISTIC AND ESTIMATING THE VALUE OF INFORMATION
