Pest control / plant diseases Books

Book SynopsisThis new handbook provides a full but concise guide to the key pest species that commonly infest historic houses, and solutions for dealing with them. It enables readers to spot signs of pest infestation, identify the pests responsible, suggest strategies for the removal of the pest and treatment options for infested items and structures, and give clear guidance on long-term strategies to prevent pests from returning. The book is in two main sections: a handy identification section with large, close-up photographs which provides an overview of the environmental conditions where each pest species is likely to flourish, the damage caused and strategies for prevention and treatment and a more detailed pest management section with comprehensive advice about the main ways to prevent infestation as well as appropriate treatment methods.

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Book SynopsisWhat is a weed, opined Emerson, but a plant whose virtues have not yet been discovered? While that may be a worthy notion in theory, these plants of undiscovered virtue cause endless hours of toil for backyard gardeners. Encyclopedic in scope, this book intends to cover North American weeds at every stage of growth.

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Book SynopsisThis guide brings together the varied and multiple skills and activities required of pest control practitioners, including biology, chemistry, architecture, engineering, sales, logistics, legal and accounting, presented with a primary emphasis on pest organisms at its core. This book provides information and tips on all of these aspects and: explores the business of controlling pests (including trends in the industry, pest control tools, and sustainable pest control); covers biological information on each pest in addition to information on control and management, monitoring and follow-up; focusses particularly on globally significant pests with internationally-applicable use and guidance; and provides practical and hands-on experience, drawing on original case studies This is a key resource for pest control practitioners, as well as in-house staff of companies or buildings involved in household or urban pest control. It is also a valuable reference for researchers, and sanitation and building managers.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Understanding the business of controlling pests Chapter 2: Household pests and their control – Cockroach Chapter 3: Household pests and their control – Flies Chapter 4: Household pests and their control – Mosquito Chapter 5: Household pests and their control – Bed bug Chapter 6: Household pests and their control – Termite Chapter 7: Sporadic pests and their control Chapter 8: Stored product pests Chapter 9: Vertebrate pest and their control – Rats Chapter 10: Methodology in pest control – Insecticide formulations Chapter 11: Methodology in pest control – Insecticide baits and baiting Chapter 12: Sift to Integrated pest management (IPM) Chapter 13: Handling pesticide

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Book SynopsisIdentify and control dozens of common vegetable garden pests quickly and organically with the pest profiles and expert advice found in The Vegetable Garden Pest Handbook. Trade Review“Unlike other books on the topic, the pictures are just amazing along with important clues to help you in the process…a great refresher for experienced veggie gardeners and a must for those just starting out.” * 27East.com/The Hampton Gardener *"...anyone with an edible garden would find this book by Susan Mulvihill and indispensible reference." * American Gardener *Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC PEST MANAGEMENT IN THE VEGETABLE GARDEN What Is Organic Gardening and Why Is It So Important? Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Bug Identification 101 What’s Your “Bug” Tolerance? Follow Good Cultural Practices Attract Pollinators and Other Beneficials to Your Garden Attract Birds to Your GardenMEET THE BUGSVegetable Crops and Potential Pest Problems Aphid, Asparagus Beetle, Common and Spotted, Beet Armyworm Blister Beetle, Cabbage Looper, Cabbage Worm (Imported) Carrot Rust Fly, Colorado Potato Beetle, Corn Earworm Cucumber Beetle, Striped and Spotted, Cutworm, Diamondback Caterpillar Earwig, Flea Beetle, Grasshopper, Harlequin Bug, Hornworm, Japanese Beetle Leafhopper, Beet and Potato, Leafminer, Lygus Bug, Mexican Bean Beetle Pillbug and Sowbug, Root Maggot, Slug and Snail, Spider Mite Squash Bug, Squash Vine Borer, Stink Bug, Thrips, Whitefly, WirewormProfiles of Beneficials ORGANIC PEST MANAGEMENT PRODUCTS AND DIY PEST CONTROLSOrganic Controls Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Beneficial Nematodes Diatomaceous Earth Horticultural Oil Insecticidal Soap Kaolin Clay Neem Plant Extracts Pyrethrins Row Covers Slug and Snail Bait SpinosadDIY Pest Control Projects Beer Traps for Slug Control Carrot Rust Fly Screen Copper Tape for Slug Control Cucumber Beetle Trap Cutworm Collars Earwig Traps Insect Hotel Raised Bed with a Row Cover Top Reflective Plastic Mulch Row Cover Hoops Sticky Traps RESOURCES PRODUCT SUPPLIERS BUG MUGSHOT GALLERY ABOUT THE AUTHOR ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INDEX

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Book SynopsisUrban pests are common all over the world. These include cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes, bed bugs, ticks, fleas, ants, termites, rodents and others. These pests thrive in human structures, where there is food, warmth and places to hide. Urban pests are one of the leading causes of illnesses in humans due to allergies, bites, food contamination and phobias. They can also cause significant damage to property and structures. Knowledge and training in this field is vital for professional and trainee pest managers. This book is specifically intended to provide an aid to such candidates. The book contains 500 multiple-choice questions (and answers) grouped into the following major topic areas: · The history of urban entomology · Household pests · Cockroaches · Flies · Mosquitoes · Bed bugs · Termites · Sporadic pests · Stored product pests · Vertebrate pests · Pesticides and pesticide formulations · Handling pesticides · Integrated Pest Control Produced in a convenient format that can be used at any time in any place, the book allows the reader to learn and revise the subject and much more. Its structure allows the study of one topic area at a time, progressing through a simple introduction followed by key revision questions, many of which require students to use their practical knowledge. The answers to each of the questions are provided at the end with short explanations wherever appropriate.Table of Contents1: Introduction to Urban Pest Management 2: Pest Identification 3: Mosquitoes 4: Bed Bugs 5: Flies 6: Cockroaches 7: Subterranean Termites 8: Drywood Termites 9: Powderpost Beetles and Wood Pests 10: Ants 11: Fleas, Ticks and Mites 12: Sporadic Pests 13: Stored Product Pests 14: Rodents 15: Birds and Bats 16: Pesticides and Formulations 17: Handling Pesticides 18: Integrated Pest Management 19: Answers

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Book SynopsisAn examination of political conflicts over pesticide drift and the differing conceptions of justice held by industry, regulators, and activists.The widespread but virtually invisible problem of pesticide drift—the airborne movement of agricultural pesticides into residential areas—has fueled grassroots activism from Maine to Hawaii. Pesticide drift accidents have terrified and sickened many living in the country's most marginalized and vulnerable communities. In this book, Jill Lindsey Harrison considers political conflicts over pesticide drift in California, using them to illuminate the broader problem and its potential solutions. The fact that pesticide pollution and illnesses associated with it disproportionately affect the poor and the powerless raises questions of environmental justice (and political injustice). Despite California's impressive record of environmental protection, massive pesticide regulatory apparatus, and booming organic farming indust

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Book SynopsisFinding effective methods for mosquito control remains one of the great global challenges facing this generation. Bio-mathematics, Statistics and Nano-Technologies: Mosquito Control Strategies brings together experts from a large array of disciplines in order to provide a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge techniques to model, analyse and combat mosquito-transmitted vector-borne diseases. Features Includes multiple case studies Suitable for scientists and professionals working on methods for mosquito control and epidemiology Provide a much-needed focal point for interdisciplinary discussion Trade Review"I am delighted to see the outputs of this European Union funded collaborative effort in this engaging book format, that is well targeted for both entomology students and vector control practitioners and demonstrates to those across a range of other disciplines how they might engage productively in the debate on how we evolve insect control over the next decades."—Professor Janet Hemingway, from the ForewordTable of Contents1. Introduction and Overview. Section I. Control of Mosquitoes and Their World: An Overview. 2. Practical Control Methods and New Techniques for Mosquito Control. 3. Concepts of the Best Management Practices for Integrated Pest, Mosquito, and Vector Management. 4. Overview of Personal Protection Measures Through the Innovative Use of Repellent-Textiles. 5. Biology, Surveillance and Control of Mosquito Vectors. Section II. Mathematical Modelling Immunity: An Overview based on Malaria. 6. Models of Acquired Immunity to Malaria: A Review. Section III. Mathematical Epidemiology including Mosquito Dynamics and Control Theory. 7. Multi-strain Host-vector Dengue Modelling: Dynamics and Control. 8. Mathematical Models and Optimal Control in Mosquito Transmitted Diseases. Section IV. Topological Studies: Topology Meets Mosquito Control. 9. On The Shape and Design of Mosquito Abatement Districts. Section V. Chemometric and Mathematical Approach for Modelling and Designing Mosquito Repellents. 10. A Multiplatform Chemometric Approach to Molecular and Mathematical Modeling of Mosquito Repellents. Section VI. Pharmacy Meets Mosquito Control: Using Pharmacological Tools Combating Mosquito Transmitted VBDs. 11. Pharmacological Approach to Combat Mosquito Transmitted Malaria. Section VII. Using Natural Oils Combatting Mosquitos: An Overview. 12. Plant based Repellents: Green Mosquito Control. 13. Micrcencapsulation of Essential Oils for Antimicrobial Function and Mosquito Repellency. Section VIII. Textiles and Paints as Mosquito Control Tools. 14. Mosquito Repellent against Anopheles SPP. and Aedes Aegypti on Cotton Fabric. 15. Silica-Based Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Treatments as Anti-Mosquito Textile Finishing. 16. Cotton and Polyester Fabrics Plasma Coated with Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Films. Section IX. Testing Methods for Treated Textiles with Mosquito-Repellents: An Overview. 17. Testing Methods for Mosquito-Repellent Treated Textiles. Section X. Case Studies: Putting the Knowledge into Action. 18. A Case Study: How the Rephaiah Project Combats Malaria in Young Children. 19. Strengthening the control of mosquito vectors in Cabo Verde; New Approaches to Improve Intervention Strategies.

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Book SynopsisThe need and demand to feed the ever-increasing global population pose major challenges for increasing crop productivity in an eco-friendly manner. The cultivation of crops under input-intensive conditions has however resulted in an enhanced vulnerability of high-yielding cultivars to a multitude of pests and pathogens at all phenological stages. The disease spectrum and intensity are continuously changing because of the dynamic nature of crop systems, pests and pathogens. Disease management has therefore become the major functional component of the crop production systems. This reference volume and manual covers the complete spectrum of current issues in pest and pathogen disease management: Insect pests: pathogens of rice, sorghum, chickpea and castor and their management; Molecular marker-assisted breeding and transgenic crops for disease management; Management of forest insect pests; Effect of climate change on insects, pathogeTable of Contents1. Insect Pests of Rice in India and their Management 2. Rice Diseases of Importance and the Management Options in India 3. Biotechnological Approaches for Management of Grain Mold Disease of Sorghum 4. Major Biotic Stresses of Chickpea and Strategies for their Control 5. Potential of Transgenic Grain Legumes for Pest Management and Sustainable Crop Production 6. Integrated Pest Management in Grain Legume Crops in India 7. Insect Pests of Castor (Ricinus communis L) and their Management Strategies 8. Biology and Management of Forest Insect Pests 9. Botanical Pesticides for Management of Insect Pests in Field and Stored Rice 10. Botanicals for the Management of Phytonematodes 11. Microbial Chitinases as Potential Biopesticides 12. Insect Resistance to Pyrethroid with Special Reference to the Cotton Bollworm 13. Effect of Climate Change on Insects, Pathogens, Plants and Pesticide Usage 14. Molecular Marker-assisted Breeding for Improving Disease Resistance in Crop Plants 15. Antimicrobial Peptides and Production of Disease Resistant Transgenic Plants 16. Plant Lectins and their Utilization for Development of Insect Resistant Transgenic Crop Plants 17. Insect-Resistant Transgenic Crops 18. Bioinformatics with Solutions in Pest Management Science: An Insight into the Evolving Technologies 19. Concepts and Components of Integrated Pest Management

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Book SynopsisThis book brings together the knowledge from and tools for genetic and genomic research into oomycetes to help solve the problems this pathogen poses to crops and animals. Armed with the information presented here, researchers can use oomycete data to solve practical problems and gain insight into future areas of interest. Key Features: Offers an up-to-date coverage of research into oomycetes which has advanced with biochemical and molecular analyses in recent years Helps researchers use oomycete data to solve practical problems, like damage to crop and animal resources Includes a section on interactions with animal hosts Offers perspective on future areas of research Assembles an international author base Trade Review"The whole is extremely well-produced, and I especially liked the tipped-in signature of colour plates on coated paper comprising colour versions of eight half-tone figures from various chapters. It also seems as well up-to-date as can be expected in such multiauthored works, with many papers from 2008 being cited. And the price is reasonable by current standards for a book of this quality. The editors are to be congratulated on marshalling such a work, which clearly merits wide circulation amongst the broader mycological community." (IMA Fungus, December 2010) Table of ContentsFOREWORD. PREFACE. CONTRIBUTORS. Chapter 1 The Evolutionary Phylogeny of Oomycetes—Insights Gained from Studies of Holocarpic Parasites of Algae and Invertebrates (Gordon W. Beakes and Satoshi Sekimoto). Chapter 2 Ecology of Lower Oomycetes (Martina Strittmatter, Claire M.M. Gachon, and Frithjof C. Kupper). Chapter 3 Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) (Marco Thines, Hermann Voglmayr, and Markus Goker). Chapter 4 An Introduction to the White Blister Rusts (Albuginales) (Marco Thines and Hermann Voglmayr). Chapter 5 The Asexual Life Cycle (Adrienne R. Hardham). Chapter 6 Sexual Reproduction in Oomycetes: Biology, Diversity, and Contributions to Fitness (Howard S. Judelson). Chapter 7 Population Genetics and Population Diversity of Phytophthora infestans (William E. Fry, Niklaus J. Gru¨nwald, David E.L. Cooke, Adele McLeod, Gregory A. Forbes, and Keqiang Cao). Chapter 8 Phytophthora capsici: Sex, Selection, and the Wealth of Variation (Kurt Lamour). Chapter 9 Evolution and Genetics of the Invasive Sudden Oak Death Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum (Niklaus J. Grünwald and Erica M. Goss). Chapter 10 Phytophthora sojae: Diversity Among and Within Populations (Anne Dorrance and Niklaus J. Grunwald). Chapter 11 Pythium Genetics (Frank Martin). Chapter 12 Bremia lactucae and Lettuce Downy Mildew (Richard Michelmore, Oswaldo Ochoa, and Joan Wong). Chapter 13 Downy Mildew of Arabidopsis Caused by Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Formerly Hyaloperonospora parasitica) (Nikolaus L. Schlaich and Alan Slusarenko). Chapter 14 Interactions Between Phytophthora infestans and Solanum (Mireille van Damme, Sebastian Schornack, Liliana M. Cano, Edgar Huitema, and Sophien Kamoun). Chapter 15 Phytophthora sojae and Soybean (Mark Gijzen and Dinah Qutob). Chapter 16 Phytophthora brassicae As a Pathogen of Arabidopsis (Felix Mauch, Samuel Torche, Klaus Schläppi, Lorelise Branciard, Khaoula Belhaj, Vincent Parisy, and Azeddine Si-Ammour). Chapter 17 Aphanomyces euteiches and Legumes (Elodie Gaulin, Arnaud Bottin, Christophe Jacquet, and Bernard Dumas). Chapter 18 Effectors (Brett M. Tyler). Chapter 19 Pythium insidiosum and Mammalian Hosts (Leonel Mendoza). Chapter 20 Saprolegnia—Fish Interactions (Emma J. Robertson, Victoria L. Anderson, Andrew J. Phillips, Chris J. Secombes, Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo, and Pieter van West). Chapter 21 Aphanomyces astaci and Crustaceans (Lage Cerenius, M. Gunnar Andersson, and Kenneth Söderhall). Chapter 22 Progress and Challenges in Oomycete Transformation (Howard S. Judelson and Audrey M.V. Ah-Fong). Chapter 23 In Planta Expression Systems (Vivianne G.A.A. Vleeshouwers and Hendrik Rietman). Chapter 24 Gene Expression Profiling (Paul R.J. Birch and Anna O. Avrova). Chapter 25 Mechanisms and Application of Gene Silencing in Oomycetes (Stephen C. Whisson, Anna O. Avrova, Laura J. Grenville Briggs, and Pieter van West). Chapter 26 Global Proteomics and Phytophthora (Alon Savidor). Chapter 27 Strategy and tactics for genome sequencing (Michael C. Zody and Chad Nusbaum). INDEX.

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Book SynopsisBiodiversity offers great potential for managing insect pests. It provides resistance genes and anti-insect compounds; a huge range of predatory and parasitic natural enemies of pests; and community ecology-level effects operating at the local and landscape scales to check pest build-up.Trade Review"Suitable as a textbook for advanced students, the volume perhaps has its greatest value as an enduring source of information and ideas to practitioners and conservationists." (The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1 June 2014) “Biodiversity and Insect Pestsis well illustrated, with several colour plates. It has an excellent index and a companion website, http://www.wiley.com/go/gurr/biodiversity, with downloadable figures and tables. Although relatively expensive, and at times very technical, it is recommended as a must-read book for the agricultural community, researchers and the general public.” (Austral Ecology, 1 October 2013) Table of ContentsPreface, vii Foreword, ix Contributors, x INTRODUCTION, 1 1 Biodiversity and insect pests, 3 Geoff M. Gurr, Steve D. Wratten and William E. Snyder FUNDAMENTALS, 21 2 The ecology of biodiversity–biocontrol relationships, 23 William E. Snyder and Jason M. Tylianakis 3 The role of generalist predators in terrestrial food webs: lessons for agricultural pest management, 41 K.D. Welch, R.S. Pfannenstiel and J.D. Harwood 4 Ecological economics of biodiversity use for pest management, 57 Mark Gillespie and Steve D. Wratten 5 Soil fertility, biodiversity and pest management, 72 Miguel A. Altieri, Luigi Ponti and Clara I. Nicholls 6 Plant biodiversity as a resource for natural products for insect pest management, 85 Opender Koul 7 The ecology and utility of local and landscape scale effects in pest management, 106 Sagrario Gámez-Virués, Mattias Jonsson and Barbara Ekbom METHODS, 121 8 Scale effects in biodiversity and biological control: methods and statistical analysis, 123 Christoph Scherber, Blas Lavandero, Katrin M. Meyer, David Perovic, Ute Visser, Kerstin Wiegand and Teja Tscharntke 9 Pick and mix: selecting flowering plants to meet the requirements of target biological control insects, 139 Felix L. Wäckers and Paul C.J. van Rijn 10 The molecular revolution: using polymerase chain reaction based methods to explore the role of predators in terrestrial food webs, 166 William O.C. Symondson 11 Employing chemical ecology to understand and exploit biodiversity for pest management, 185 David G. James, Sofia Orre-Gordon, Olivia L. Reynolds (née Kvedaras) and Marja Simpson APPLICATION, 197 12 Using decision theory and sociological tools to facilitate adoption of biodiversity-based pest management strategies, 199 M.M. Escalada and K.L. Heong 13 Ecological engineering strategies to manage insect pests in rice, 214 Geoff M. Gurr, K.L. Heong, J.A. Cheng and J. Catindig 14 China's 'Green Plant Protection' initiative: coordinated promotion of biodiversity-related technologies, 230 Lu Zhongxian, Yang Yajun, Yang Puyun and Zhao Zhonghua 15 Diversity and defence: plant–herbivore interactions at multiple scales and trophic levels, 241 Finbarr G. Horgan 16 'Push–pull' revisited: the process of successful deployment of a chemical ecology based pest management tool, 259 Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy Pittchar, Toby J.A. Bruce and John A. Pickett 17 Using native plant species to diversify agriculture, 276 Douglas A. Landis, Mary M. Gardiner and Jean Tompkins 18 Using biodiversity for pest suppression in urban landscapes, 293 Paula M. Shrewsbury and Simon R. Leather 19 Cover crops and related methods for enhancing agricultural biodiversity and conservation biocontrol: successful case studies, 309 P.G. Tillman, H.A. Smith and J.M. Holland SYNTHESIS, 329 20 Conclusion: biodiversity as an asset rather than a burden, 331 Geoff M. Gurr, William E. Snyder, Steve D. Wratten and Donna M.Y. Read Index, 340 Colour plates fall between pages 84 and 85

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Book SynopsisFeaturing completely updated chapters, additional authors, and an increased emphasis on alternatives to traditional pesticides, the second edition of Ecological Entomology is the field''s leading reference on the role of insects in ecosystems. The authors cover insect growth and development, what they eat, how they reproduce, and how they move in various environments. The book also examines how insects interact with the plant community and how to control insect populations naturally.Table of ContentsIntroduction to Ecological Entromology (C. Huffaker, et al.). The Concept of the Ecosystem (P. Price). BASIC BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS, PROPERTIES, BEHAVIORS,AND PROCESSES. Growth and Development of Insects (H. Gordon). The Food of Insects (R. Barbehenn, et al.). Reproduction in Insects (F. Engelmann). Adaptations to Hazardous Seasonal Conditions: Dormancy, Migration,and Polyphenism (J. Nechols, et al.). Adaptations of Insects to Modes of Life (L. Caltagirone). Biogeography and Evolutionary History: Wide-Scale and Long-TermPatterns in Insects (S. Peck & E. Munroe). NATURAL CONTROL OF INSECT POPULATIONS. Dynamics and Regulation of Insect Populations (C. Huffaker, etal.). Weather and Insects (W. Wellington, et al.). Interspecific Competition in Insects (N. Mills). Dynamics of Insect Predator-Prey Interactions (A. Berryman & A.Gutierrez). Insect Invasions and Community Assembly (S. Schreiber & A.Gutierrez). Migration and Movement (P. Turchin & K. Omland). Mathematical Models for Age-Structured Population Dynamics (G. DiCola, et al.). ROLES OR EFFECTS OF INSECTS IN ECOSYSTEMS. Insect Diversity and the Trophic Complexity of Communities (J.Thompson & D. Althoff). Insects on Flowers (P. Kevan & H. Baker). The Influence of Insects on Plant Populations and Communities (R.Nowierski, et al.). APPLICATION OF ECOLOGY TO INSECT POPULATION MANAGEMENT. Modeling Tritrophic Field Populations (A. Gutierrez). Applications of Ecology for Integrated Pest Management (M. Kogan,et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisPlant pathology looks at the nature and control of plant diseases, it is a highly diversified science with many specialities and divisions. Topics covered in this book include nematology, physiology, virology, phytobacteria, epidemiology and mycopathology.Trade Review"An extremely high-quality compilation pertaining to plant diseases...recommended for academic or industrial plant biology or agricultural reference collections." (Choice, Vol. 39, No. 1, September 2001) "An essential library volume for any academic and research library." (Northeastern Naturalist, Issue 8/3, 2001) "...provides authoritative articles...recommended for college libraries, special libraries...and larger public libraries..." (American Reference Books Annual, Vol. 33)

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Book SynopsisThe importance of understanding the metabolism of agrochemicals in plants has never been greater. In a world where food safety and environmental concerns are increasing, knowledge of the metabolic processes within plants and the terminal residues of agrochemicals in food crops is invaluable.Trade Review"...an essential text..." -- Biological Agriculture Horticulture, Vol 18, 2000 "The book can be recommended to research and advanced university students." --Journal of Agronomy & Crop Science, March 2001Table of ContentsIntroduction -- Regulatory Considerations (T. Roberts). Experimental Approaches for Plant Metabolism Studies (R. Baloch). Primary Metabolism of Agrochemicals in Plants (T. Katagi & N. Mikami). Secondary Metabolism of Agrochemicals in Plants (D. Cole & R. Edwards). Bound Residues Arising from the Use of Agrochemicals on Plants (M. Skidmore). The Comparative Metabolism of Agrochemicals in Plants and Mammals (S. Bounds & D. Hutson). Herbicide Metabolism as a Basis for Selectivity (W. Owen). Herbicide Safeners and Synergists (K. Hatzios). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis is an identification guide and information source for a major group of agriculturally important insects on a world-wide basis. It enables the non-specialist anywhere in the world to identify aphids found colonising crop plants, and offers summaries of available knowledge of each species.Table of ContentsINTRODUCTORY SECTION. Introduction and Aims of the Book. Systematics. Life Cycles. Host-Plant Relationships. Geographical Distribution. Morphology and Key Characters. THE CROPS AND THEIR APHIDS. Notes on the Use of this Section. List of Crop Plants and their English Names. Lists and Keys to Aphids on Each Crop. THE APHIDS. Introduction to the Section. Systematic Treatment of Genera (Alphabetical). TECHNIQUES. Collecting. Preservation and Mounting. Labelling and Storage. SOURCES OF INFORMATION. Regionally Classified Faunal Works. General Biology. Morphology, Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Development. Migration and Dispersal. Relationships with Other Insects. Host-Plant Relationships. Control. Bibliographies. REFERENCES. PHOTOGRAPHIC GUIDE.

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Book SynopsisThis study explores the movement of pesticides into ground water, describing how computers can be used to model this phenomenon. It features novel approaches to the analysis of environmental samples and reviews analytical methods for the detection of agrochemical run-off.Table of ContentsEstimation of Physicochemical Properties: Theoretical andExperimental Approaches (P. Fisk). Recommended Approaches to Assess Pesticide Mobility in Soil (M.Russell). Soils and Pesticide Mobility (C. Brown, et al.). Pesticide Leaching Models and Their Use for Management Purposes (N.Jarvis, et al.). Pesticides in Run-Off and Surface Waters (B. Burgoa & R.Wauchope). The Volatization of Pesticide Residues (A. Taylor). Biosensors for Detection of Pesticides (M. Eldefrawi, etal.). Techniques and Procedures for the Determination of Pesticides inWater (C. Eadsforth & A. Woodbridge). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis is an essential guidebook, providing a comprehensive overview of insect viruses and pest management. Part One of this volume explores the rationale behind the employment of insect pathogenic viruses in pest control and documents the assessment of biological activity, the ecology of baculoviruses, control strategies, virus production and formulation, and the conduct and recording of field control trials. Part Two comprises an authoritative global survey of current practice, R&D, and up-to-date technical studies of insect viruses and their application in pest management. This survey was compiled with the assistance of a panel of world-wide experts and will prove an invaluable and unique data source. Building on the key topics discussed in Part One, easy-to-follow, practical protocols are presented in Part Three, including detailed accounts of standard operating procedures for working with insects, isolation, propagation (in vivo and in vitro), purification, characterization and enumTable of ContentsBASIC PRINCIPLES. Rationale for the Use of Microbial Pesticides. Characteristics of Insect Pathogenic Viruses. Assessment of Biological Activity. The Ecology of Baculoviruses in Insect Hosts. Control Strategies. Virus Production. Formulation. Spray Application of Baculoviruses. Conduct and Recording of Field Control Trials. Future Developments. WORLD SURVEY. A World Survey of Virus Control of Insect Pests. Western Europe. Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Indian Subcontinent. South-east Asia and the Western Pacific. People's Republic of China. Japan. Africa, the Near and Middle East. Australasia. North America. Central America and the Caribbean. South America. PRACTICAL TECHNIQUES. General Laboratory Practice. Working with the Host. Working with the Virus. Enumeration of Virus. Cell Culture. Mass Production, Product Formulation and Quality Control. Spray Application. Registration Requirements. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING VIRAL SURVIVAL. Solar Radiation, with Emphasis on the Ultraviolet. Plant Surfaces. Glossary. Further Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisIntegrated Pest Management (IPM) is an effective and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management. It uses natural predators, pest-resistant plants, and other methods to preserve a healthy environment in an effort to decrease reliance on harmful pesticides. Featuring forty chapters written by leading experts, this textbook covers a broad and comprehensive range of topics in integrated pest management, focused primarily on theory and concepts. It is complemented by two award winning websites, which are regularly updated and emphasize specific IPM tactics, their application, and IPM case studies: Radcliffe's IPM World Textbook - http://ipmworld.umn.edu VegEdge â www.vegedge.umn.edu The two products are fully cross-referenced and form a unique and highly valuable resource. Written with an international audience in mind, this text is suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on Integrated Pest Management, Insect or Arthropod Pest Management. It is also a valuable rTrade Review'… the book is a good introduction to the many facets of IPM for university graduates.' Experimental Agriculture'… comprehensive … a good choice for those professors looking for a textbook for an undergraduate or first graduate-level course on IPM … The publisher and editors have produced a generally well-designed book that is comfortable to read.' American EntomologistTable of Contents1. The IPM paradigm: concepts, strategies and tactics Michael E. Gray, Susan T. Ratcliffe and Marlin E. Rice; 2. Economic impacts of IPM Scott M. Swinton and George W. Norton; 3. Economic decision rules for IPM Leon G. Higley and Robert K. D. Peterson; 4. Decision making and economic risk in IPM Paul D. Mitchell and William D. Hutchison; 5. IPM as applied ecology: the biological precepts David J. Horn; 6. Population dynamics and species interactions William E. Snyder and Anthony R. Ives; 7. Sampling for detection, estimation and IPM decision making Roger D. Moon and L. T. Wilson; 8. Application of aerobiology to IPM Scott A. Isard, David A. Mortensen, Shelby J. Fleischer and Erick D. De Wolf; 9. Introduction and augmentation of biological control agents Robert J. O'Neil and John J. Obrycki; 10. Crop diversification strategies for pest regulation in IPM systems Miguel A. Altieri, Clara I. Nicholls and Luigi Ponti; 11. Manipulation of pathogenic microorganisms for IPM of arthropod pests Stephen P. Wraight and Ann E. Hajek; 12. Integrating conservation biological control into IPM systems Mary Gardiner, Anna Fiedler, Alejandro C. Costamagna and Douglas A. Landis; 13. Barriers to adoption of biological control agents and biological pesticides Pamela G. Marrone; 14. Integrating pesticides with biotic and biological control for arthropod pest management Richard A. Weinzierl; 15. Pesticide resistance management Casey W. Hoy; 16. Assessing environmental risks of pesticides Paul C. Jepson; 17. Assessing pesticide risks to humans: putting science into practice Brian Hughes, Larry G. Olsen and Fred Whitford; 18. Advances in breeding for host plant resistance C. Michael Smith; 19. Resistance management to transgenic insecticidal plants Anthony M. Shelton and J. Z. Zhao; 20. Role of biotechnology in sustainable agriculture Jarrad R. Prasifka, Richard L. Hellmich and Michael J. Weiss; 21. Use of pheromones in IPM Thomas C. Baker; 22. Insect endocrinology and hormone-based pest control products in IPM Daniel Doucet, Michel Cusson and Arthur Retnakaran; 23. Eradication - strategies and tactics Michelle L. Walters, Ron Sequeira, Robert Staten, Osama El-Lissy and Nathan Moses-Gonzales; 24. Insect management with physical methods in pre- and post harvest situations Charles Vincent, Phyllis G. Weintraub, Guy J. Hallman and Francis Fleurat-Lessard; 25. Cotton arthropod IPM Steven E. Naranjo and Randall G. Luttrell; 26. Citrus IPM Richard F. Lee; 27. IPM in greenhouse vegetables and ornamentals Joop C. van Lenteren; 28. Seed potato IPM Jeffrey A. Davis, Edward B. Radcliffe, David W. Ragsdale and Willem Schrage; 29. IPM in structural habitats Stephen A. Kells; 30. Fire ant IPM David H. Oi and Bastiaan M. Drees; 31. Integrated vector management for malaria Chris F. Curtis; 32. Gypsy moth IPM Michael L. McManus and Andrew M. Liebhold; 33. IPM for invasive species Robert C. Venette and Robert L. Koch; 34. IPM information technology John K. VanDyk; 35. Private-sector roles in advancing IPM adoption Thomas A. Green; 36. IPM, ideals and realities in developing countries Stephen Morse; 37. The USA National IPM Roadmap Harold D. Coble and Eldon E. Ortman; 38. The role of assessment and evaluation in IPM implementation Carol L. Pilcher and Edwin G. Rajotte; 39. From integrated pesticide management to organic and sustainable agriculture John Aselage and Donn T. Johnson; 40. Future of IPM, a worldwide perspective E. A. Heinrichs, Karim M. Maredia and Subbarayalu Mohankumar; Index.

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Book SynopsisProvides up-to-date information on the use of biological control agents to manage wild rabbit populations.

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Book SynopsisThis revised and updated edition of Jessica Walliser’s award-winning Attracting Beneficial Bugs to Your Garden offers a valuable and science-backed plan for bringing balance back to the garden.With this indispensable gardening reference—now updated with new research, insights, and voices—learn how to create a healthy, balanced, and diverse garden capable of supporting a hard-working crew of beneficial pest-eating insects and eliminate the need for synthetic chemical pesticides.After a fascinating introduction to the predator and prey cycle and its importance to both wild ecosystems and home gardens, you’ll meet dozens of pest-munching beneficial insects (the predators) that feast on garden pests (their prey). From ladybugs and lacewings to parasitic wasps and syrphid flies, these good guys of the bug world keep the natural system of checks and balances in prime working order. They help limitTrade ReviewPraise for the first edition of Attracting Beneficial Bugs to Your Garden: “Jessica Walliser lets readers in on the secrets to a garden that buzzes with activity. Her profiles, on the insects that fight pests and the best plants for attracting them, offer clear, practical tips.” —Martha Stewart Living “An aid for teachers as well as gardeners, who want to know more about the insects in their world.” —The Indianapolis Star “With [Jessica Walliser’s] help, you can learn how to control pests through your gardening practices rather than your choice of insecticide.” —Gardening How-To “A detailed, wholistic, and wonderfully illustrated guide to the lifestyles of all the insects that inhabit the organic garden as well as creating the conditions needed to encourage those you want in the fight against those you don’t.” —Planet Natural “A delight! Easy to read and entertaining, yet packed with information not only on the beneficial insects themselves, but on the plants that can attract and support them, and on how to incorporate them into your garden. Highly recommended!” —It’s Not Work, It’s Gardening “Attracting Beneficial Bugs to Your Garden by Jessica Walliser, is a fresh look at an unavoidable part of the gardening experience.... a must-have tool for new and experienced gardeners alike.” —Free Press “Learn to identify good bugs and bad bugs…and what to plant to lure the cavalry.” —Newsday"In this new version, Walliser offers even more science-based advice to gardeners. I recommend reading (her) updated work to get off to a running start." * Horticulture *"...offers a sciencebacked plan for bringing balance back to the garden. Filled with new research, insights, and voices, the book will help you create a healthy and diverse garden capable of supporting beneficial, pest-eating insects and eliminate the need for synthetic chemical pesticides." * Michigan Gardener *Table of ContentsIntroductionHow a Horticulturist Came to BugsAll About BeneficialsWho They Are, How They Work, and What They EatBeneficial Bug ProfilesMeet the Predators and the ParasitoidsGardening for BugsWhere Plants and Insects IntersectPlant ProfilesThe Best Plants for BeneficialsYour Beneficial BorderA Guide to Designing for the BugsCompanion PlantingBattling Pests with Plant PartnershipsPutting It All TogetherWho the Beneficials Eat and What to PlantThe Commercial StuffPurchased Beneficials, Good Bug Lures, Supplemental Foods, and Seed BlendsAcknowledgmentsAbout the AuthorResourcesIndex

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Book SynopsisIf you’re tired of battling blight on your tomatoes, losing your basil to downy mildew, and watching deer raid your vegetable garden, you’ll find all the answers you need right here.*2024 American Horticultural Society Book Award Winner* In The Vegetable Garden Problem Solver Handbook, author and veggie-growing guru Susan Mulvihill of YouTube’s Susan’s in the Garden is ready to set you up for long-term success in the vegetable garden. In these pages, Susan hands you all the info you need to stand firm against plant diseases, viruses, disorders, stressors, and even animal pests, and to do it without having to turn to harsh synthetic chemical products. All-natural solutions to your worst gardening woes are featured in an organized, problem-by-problem manner that makes this a quick and useful reference for both beginner and expert gardeners. This book is a wonderful companion to Susan’s previous booTrade Review"After reading this book, I feel more confident going into the growing season and looking forward to having a new reference book for dealing with vegetable garden issues!" * Budget Earth *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 NURTURE YOUR GARDEN & TROUBLESHOOT PROBLEMS Get Your Plants Off to the Best Start Possible 2 VEGETABLE PLANT DISEASE GUIDE Vegetable Crops and Potential Diseases Disease Profiles Organic Strategies Explained Organic Disease Control and Prevention Products 3 CRITTERS IN THE GARDEN Birds, Chipmunks, Deer Gophers, Pocket Groundhogs (a k a Woodchucks, Marmots) Mice, Moles, Opossums, Porcupines Rabbits, Raccoons, Rats Skunks, Tree Squirrels Voles, Meadow RESOURCES PRODUCT SUPPLIERS ABOUT THE AUTHOR ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PHOTO CREDITS INDEX

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Book SynopsisThe brown recluse is a fascinating spider very well adapted to dwelling in houses and other buildings. It has become infamous throughout North America. In this book, Richard S. Vetter educates readers regarding the biology of the brown recluse spider and medical aspects of its...Trade Review"The Brown Recluse Spider is a concise summary of the current knowledge about an infamous spider, with clear relevance to the public perception of spiders in general. Richard S. Vetter has had years of experience conducting research on recluse spiders and educating the public as well as medical personnel. This book features new insights—interesting, amusing, and sometimes sad—drawn from his personal experiences with education efforts." -- Richard A. Bradley, The Ohio State University, author of Common Spiders of North America

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Book SynopsisWeed Biology and Climate Change will provide a synthesis of what is known regarding the probable impact of environmental change on weed biology. Chapters will look at impacts of weed biology on agriculture, invasive species that limit ecological diversity and weeds that serve as health risks.Trade Review“A must read for all scholars interested in plant and weed ecology.” (Experimental Agriculture, 2012) "The text is fully indexed, includes extensive references, and is well illustrated with numerous examples from the primary literature. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above." (Choice, 1 August 2011) Table of ContentsPreface ix Chapter 1 A Brief History of Weeds and Their Impact 1 Chapter 2 Carbon Dioxide and Global Warming: The “Green” in the Greenhouse Effect 23 Chapter 3 An Evaluation of the Impact of Rising Carbon Dioxide and Climatic Change on Weed Biology: From the Cell to the Plant 39 Chapter 4 An Evaluation of the Impact of Rising Carbon Dioxide and Climatic Change on Weed Biology: Competition to Community Composition 61 Chapter 5 Weeds on the Farm: Assessing the Role of Climate Change and CO2 on Agricultural Productivity 85 Chapter 6 Invasive Plants and Climate Change in Natural Ecosystems 107 Chapter 7 Weeds, CO2, Climate, and Health 127 Chapter 8 Weed Management: Herbicides 143 Chapter 9 Weed Management: The Rest of the Story 163 Chapter 10 Benefits from Weeds 181 Chapter 11 Weeds in a Time of Climate 199 Appendix 219 Index 227

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Book SynopsisAs ready reference for the student, instructor, and those practitioners that deal with perennial weeds on a daily basis, this book uses 28 weed species to illustrate the ways in which perennial weeds propagate vegetatively. The author has taken care to use examples of perennial weeds that are troublesome on a national scale, or representative of principal agricultural regions within the United States and Canada. This organised and well-written one-of-a-kind text uses both tables and text to assist the reader in identifying each weed species. The text also includes 67 illustrations that highlight reproduction, over-wintering, and perennating parts. Perennial Weeds also corrects some misconceptions in the weed science literature as to whether the perennating organ is a root or a rhizome. Not just another identification guidebook, Perennial Weeds takes the reader through root systems and rhizome anatomy to discuss exactly how perennial weTable of ContentsPreface. PART ONE: INTRODUCTION. 1. Characteristics of Perennial Weeds. 2. Control of Perennial Weeds. PART TWO: Perennial Grass Weeds Reproducing from Buds on Creeping Rhizomes. 3. Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). 4. Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens; previously Agropyrons repens). PART THREE: Perennial Grass Weeds Reproducing from Buds on Creeping Rhizomes and Stolons. 5. Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon). PART FOUR: Grasslike Perennial Weeds. A. Creeping Perennials Reproducing from Buds on Tubers. 6. Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus). Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus). B. Noncreeping Perennials Reproducing from Bulbs. 7. Wild Garlic (Allium vineale). Wild Onion (Allium Canadense). PART FIVE: Simple Perennial Broadleaved Weeds Reproducing from Taproots and/or Root Crowns (Caudexes). 8. Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale). 9. Curly Dock (Rumex crispus). 10. Broadleaf Plantain (Plantago major). Buckhorn Plantain (Plantago Ianceolata). Blackseed Plantain (Plantago Rugelli). PART SIX: Perennial Broadleaved Weeds Reproducing from Buds on Creeping, Horizontal Roots. 11. Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense). 12. Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca). 13. Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). 14. Hemp Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum). 15. Hoary Cress (Cardaria draba). Lens-podded Whitetop (Cardaria chalepensis). Globe-podded Whitetop (Cardaria pubescens). 16. Horsenettle (Solanum carolinense). Silverleaf Nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium). 17. Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula). 18. Red Sorrel (Rumex acetosella). PART SEVEN: Perennial Broadleaved Weeds Reproducing from Buds on Creeping, Horizontal Rhizomes. 19. Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica). 20. Western Ironweed (Vernonia baldwinii). PART EIGHT: Perennial Broadleaved Weeds Reproducing from Aerial Runners, Stolons, or Creeping Rhizomes. 21. Ground Ivy (Glechoma hederacea). 22. Creeping Woodsorrel(Oxalis corniculata). Yellow Woodsorrel (Oxalis stricta). Appendix. Table 1. Root Systems of simple perennial weeds. Table 2. Perennial weeds that spread by creeping roots. Table 3. Perennial Weeds that spread by rhizomes. Table 4. Perennial weeds that spread by means other than roots or rhizomes. Table 5 . Selected Perennial Weeds identified by common and scientific names and grouped as grasses, herbaceous broadleafs, vines, and woody plants. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Aphelenchida, Longidoridae and Trichodoridae are groups of nematodes that include almost 1,000 species from some forty genera. A number are of known agricultural importance, both in their own right as parasites of fungi or higher plants and/or as vectors of certain plant viruses. While monographs exist on the systematics and taxonomy of a number of nematode groups, no recent volume covers the three groups included here. This book aims to provide a practical, working guide to the taxa of the Aphelenchida, Longidoridae and Trichodoridae, in such a form as to facilitate usage by both specialist taxonomists and general nematologists. Keys to generic level are included, each genus being diagnosed, illustrated and provided with a comprehensive list of nominal species and, where appropriate, synonyms. General notes on the bionomics and distribution are appended and some 22 species, mostly those of economic importance, are individually described in greater detail. In addition, a general in

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Book SynopsisThis work discussed what effect mycorrhizas have on plant and human ecosystems.Table of ContentsPart One: Stat us and Function of Vesicular-Arbuscular (VA) Mycorrhiza in Ecosystems Part Two: Ectomycorrhizas in Temperate and Boreal Forest Ecosystems Part Three: Mycorrhizas in Disturbed, Agricultural and Successional Ecosystems Part Four: Mycorrhizas in Heathland Ecosystems Part Five: Mycorrhizas in Tropical Ecosystems Part Seven: Posters Part Six: Physiological Ecology of Mycorrhizas 40: A Functional Comparison of Ecto- and Endomycorrhizas 41: Spatial Distributions of Nitrogen Assimilation Pathways in Ectomycorrhizas 42: Ectomycorrhizas - Organs for Uptake and Filtering of Cations 43: The Effects of Ectomycorrhizal Status on Plant-Water Relations and Sensitivity of Leaf Gas Exchange to Soil Drought in Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) Seedlings 44: Protein Activities as Potential Markers of Functional Endomycorrhizas in Plants 45: Plant-Fungal Interface in VA Mycorrhizas: A Structural Point of View 46: The Role of Ion Channels in Controlling Solute Exchange in Mycorrhizal Associations 47: Effect of Monovalent Cations on Efflux of Phosphate from the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Pisolithus tincton•us 48: Comparative Analysis of IAA Production in Ectomycorrhizal, Ericoid and Saprophytic Fungi in Pure Culture 49: The survival of transplanted seedlings of ectomycorrhizal rain forest legumes in relation to forest composition 50: Effects of nitrogen on the mycelial extension of four different ectomycorrhizal fungi grown in symbiosis with Pinus sylvestris 51: Transformation of a mutant of Pisum sativum cv. ‘Sparkle’ by Agrobacteium rhizogenes - a possible plant partner for VA fungi and Rhizobium 52: Early events in ectomycorrhiza formation studied by electron microscopy 53: Dual in vitro rhizobial and ectomycorrhizal colonization of Acacia holosericea 54: The influence of Scots pine needle and humus extracts on the growth of some ectomycorrhizal fungi 55: Interactions between indigenous VAM fungi and soil ecotype in Terminalia superba in the wet tropics (Ivory Coast) 56: Influence of artificial substrata on mycorrhization of micropropagated fruit trees in a horticultural system 57: Occurrence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza on Douglas fir and Western hemlock seedlings 58: Effects of cadmium on ectomycorrhizal pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings 59: Effects of simulated acid rain, soil contamination and mycorrhizal infection on Picea abies seedlings 60: Mycorrhizal amelioration of metal toxicity to plants 61: Effect of 10 years of low-input sustainable agriculture upon VA fungi 62: Preferential cycling of phosphorus: The role of mycorrhizas 63: Nitrogen translocation through a root-free soil mediated by VA fungal hyphae 64: Early events of VA infection in host and non-host plants 65: Soil solution chemistry of ectomycorrhizal mat soils 66: Fungicide interactions with VA fungi in Ananas comosus grown in a tropical environment 67: Native populations of the Glomales influenced by terracing and fertilization under cultivated potato in the tropical highlands of Africa 68: Mycorrhizas in African Miombo Savanna woodlands 69: Ectomycorrhizal fungi in Kenya 70: Axenic sand culture for the study of mycorrhizal root systems and their rhizospheres 71: Do ectomycorrhizas affect uptake and toxicity of metals in roots of Norway spruce? 72: Nitrogen transport and depletion of soil nitrogen by external hyphae of VA mycorrhizas 73: Effects of nitrogen application on ericoid mycorrhiza of Calluna vulgris on a Danish heathland 74: Enhanced growth of external VA mycorrhizal hyphae in soil amended with straw 75: Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation in forest nurseries 76: Effects of organjc matter removal on fruitbody production of ectomycorrhizal fungi in stands of Pinus sylvestris 77: Results of ectomycorrhizal inoculation of pine species with Pisolithus tinctorius and Thelephora terrestris in Korea 78: Ecology of ectomycorrhiza and ectomycorrhizal fungi in Norway spruce forest ecosystems of Sumava Mts, Czechoslovakia 79: Production of siderophores by ectomycorrhizal fungi 80: Fungal mass in sporophores, mycorrhizas and living mycelia in Scots pine stands along a pollution gradient in the Oulu region of Finland 81: Effect of lead on the growth of eccomycorrhizal fungi 82: The role of VA mycorrhiza and soil phosphate in the early life history of the bluebell, Hyacinthoides non-scripta 83: Inoculation with Glomus intraradix improves growth of Acacia nilotica under non-sterile nursery conditions in Ethiopia 84: VA-Rhizobium interaction in productivity and nutrient content of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis) 85: The development of ectomycorrhizal infection, and its relationship to seedling growth 86: Auxin production and mycorrhizal ‘virulence’ 87: Immunological aspects of the characterization of Tuber magnatum and Tuber albidum 88: Comparison of the ectomycorrhizas formed by Russula ochroleuca on several tree species 89: Identification of ectomycorrhizal fungi by use of immunological techniques 90: Mycorrhizal status of Quercus and Fagus in Latium (central Italy) 91: Effects of liming and N-fertilization on ectomycorrhizas in a mature beech stand in the Soiling area (Germany) 92: Examination of single spore cu ltures of VA fungi by isoenzyme patterns after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) 93: The role of mycorrhiza in the transfer of nitrogen from white clover to perennial ryegrass in pasture ecosystems 94: Seasonal variation in occurrence of VA mycorrhizal i nfection types in a Danish grassland community 95: Studies of the extension of individual mycelia of VA mycorrhizal fungi in natural vegetation 96: Effect of specific ectomycorrhizal fungi on growth of beech seedlings in damaged stands 97: Occurrence of ecto- and ericoid mycorrhizas on Gaultheria shallon and Rhododendron macrophyllum seedlings grown in soils from the Oregon coast range 98: Reaction of flax (Linum usitatissimum) to different stress factors after mycorrhizal infection 99: Dissolution and immobilization of phosphorus and cadmium from rock phosphates by eccomycorrhizal fungi 100: Reaction of the natural Norway spruce mycorrhizal flora to liming and acid irrigation 101: Differential effects of fungicides on VA fungal viability and efficiency 102: Are hydrophobic eccomycorrhizas important for microbial activity in the forest soil? 103: The effects of Cu and Ni on the axenic growth and on the element composition of Cenococcum geophilum and Suillus variegatus 104: The influence of organic and inorganic fertilization on the development of indigenous VA fungi in roots of red clover 105: Propagule production by VA fungi in red clover plants subjected to periodic removal of the aerial parts 106: Acceleration of VA m ycorrhiza development by bacteria or fungicides 107: Influence of water status on VA infection and growth of Festuca rubra 108: VA mycorrhizal colonization of maize in an industrially polluted soil and heavy metal transfer to the plant 109: The possible application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of Tuber albidum ectomycorrhizas 35: Short-term Changes in Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Spore Populations in Terminalia Plantations in Cameroon 36: Long-term Changes in Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Spore Populations in Terminalia Plantations in Cote d’Ivoire 37: Heterogeneity and Scale in Tropical Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Formation 38: Mycorrhizal Studies in Dipterocarp Forests in Indonesia 39: Controlled Mycorrhization of Eucalypts 31: The Role of Ericoid Mycorrhizas in the Nitrogen Nutrition and Ecology of Heathland Ecosystems 32: Mycorrhizal Aspects of Improved Growth of Spruce when Grown in Mixed Stands on Heathlands 33: Chitin Degradation by Hymenoscyphus ericae and the Influence of H. ericae on the Growth of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi 34: Effect of Ferric Iron on the Release of Siderophores by Ericoid Mycorrhizal Fungi 19: Soil Disturbance in Native Ecosystems – the Decline and Recover of Infectivity of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi 20: Soil Disturbance and the Effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas in an Agricultural Ecosystem 21: Development of Mycorrhizal Patches in a Successional Arid Ecosystem 22: Extraradical Hyphal Development of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in a Chronosequence of Prairie Restorations 23: Interactions between Soil-dwelling Insects and Mycorrhizas during Early Plant Succession 24: Are Mycorrhizal Fungi Present in Early Stages of Primary Succession? 25: The Use of 15N to Assess the Role of VA Mycorrhiza in Plant N Nutrition and its Application to Evaluate the Role of Mycor rhiza in Restoring Mediterranean Ecosystems 26: Use of VA Mycorrhizas in Agriculture: Problems and Prospects 27: Mycorrhizas,Forest Disturbance and Regeneration in the Pacific Northwestern United States 28: Studies on the Effects of S02 and 03 on the Mycorrhizas of Scots Pine by Observations Above and Below Ground 29: Sequences of Sheathing (Ecto-) Mycorrhi zal Fungi Associated with Man-made Forests, Temperate and Tropical 30: Mycorrhizal Succession and Morel Biology 10: The Ecological Potential of the Eccomycorrhizal Mycelium 11: Ecromycorrhizal Rhizomorphs: Organs of Contact 12: Uptake and Translocation of Nutrients by Eccomycorrhizal Fungal Mycelia 13: Mycorrhizal Mat Communities in Forest Soils 14: Ecological Role of Specificity Phenomena in Ectomycorrhizal Plant Communities: Potentials for lnterplant Linkages and Guild Development 15: Effects of Liming on Pine Ectomycorrhiza 16: Variations in Field Response of Forest Trees to Nursery Ectomycorrhizal Inoculation in Europe 17: Somatic Incompatibility - A Tool to Reveal Spatiotemporal Mycelial Structures of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi 18: Mixed Associations of Fungi in Ectomycorrhizal Roots 1: Nutrient Dynamics at the Soil-Root Interface (Rhizosphere) 2: Mycophyllas and Mycorrhizas: Comparisons and Contrasts 3: Why are some Plants more Mycorrhizal than Others? An Ecological Enquiry 4: What is the Role of VA Mycorrhizal Hyphae in Soil? 5: Contribution of Mycorrhizal Hyphae to Nutrient and Water Uptake of Plants 6: Phosphorus Transport by External Hyphae of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizas 7: Mycorrhizal Infection of Wild Oats: Parental Effects on Offspring Nutrient Dynamics, Growth and Reproduction 8: Mycorrhizas, Seed Size and Seedling Establishment in a Low Nutrient Environment 9: The Nature of Fungal Species in Glomales (Zygomycetes)

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Book SynopsisNematodes are major pests of a number of temperate crops and can cause significant economic losses to farmers. This book provides a comprehensive account of such parasites, with chapters focusing on nematode pests of the main crops of importance in agriculture, horticulture and forestry. Written by leading authorities from the USA, UK, Canada, France, Netherlands, Australia, Bolivia and New Zealand this book is a definitive reference work for plant pathologists in general, and nematologists in particular.Table of Contents1: Extraction, identification and control of plant parasitic nematodes, D J Hooper and K Evans 2: Modelling population dynamics and yield losses and their use in nematode management, R McSorley and M S Phillips 3: Nematode parasites of potatoes, B B Brodie, K Evans and J Franco 4: Nematode parasites of sugar beet, D Cooke 5: Nematode pests of vegetable crops, J W Potter and T H A Olthof 6: Nematode pests of oilseed crops and grain legumes, R D Riggs and T L Niblack 7: Nematode pests of cereals, R Rivoal and R Cook 8: Nematode pests of grassland and forage crops, R Cook and G W Yeates 9: Nematode pests of forest trees, J R Sutherland and J M Webster 10: Nematode pests of deciduous fruit and nut trees, A P Nyczepir and J M Halbrendt 11: Nematode pests of soft fruits and vines, D L Trudgill, D J F Brown and A Dalmasso 12: Nematode pests of ornamental and bulb crops, J F Southey 13: Nematode pests of glasshouse crops and mushrooms, P N Richardson and P S Grewal 14: Molecular aids to nematode diagnosis, J Curran and M P Robinson 15: Entomogenous and entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control, H K Kaya 16: Quarantine: Problems and solutions, J Cotten and H van Riel 17: Cellular and molecular approaches to the control of plant parasitic nematodes, P R Burrows and M G K Jones

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with the underlying principles of acarology.Table of Contents1: Integument and Moulting 2: Segmentation, Musculature and Legs 3: Circulation, Nervous System and Sense Organs 4: Respiratory Systems 5: Mouthparts 6: Feeding and Adaptations of the Mouthparts 7: Alimentary Canal, Prosomatic Glands and Digestion 8: Excretion and Osmoregulation 9: Reproductive Systems 10: Methods of Spenn Transfer, Mating Behaviour and Oviposition 11: Development and Dispersal 12: Classification of the Acari

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Book SynopsisPesticides continue to be a major means of controlling pests and diseases of crops and have made a major contribution to increasing the world's food production. Despite the problem of developing pest and disease resistance to certain pesticides, and public concern about their indiscriminate use and side-effects, they are likely to remain the basis of integrated pest management programmes. However, as this book seeks to demonstrate, there is scope to improve both the safety and efficiency of crop protection methods. The emphasis of the book is on methods of assessment and on application techniques to particular categories of crops. Written by leading authorities from Europe and North America, the book provides detailed reviews of relevant topics. It is essential reading for all researchers, advanced students and professionals concerned with crop protection, whether from the disciplines of entomology, plant pathology, weed science or agricultural engineering.Table of ContentsPart I: General Issues 1: Application technology for crop protection: An introduction, E C Hislop 2: Safety aspects and legislation trends, H Pfalzer 3: Droplet production, A H Lefebvre Part II: Methods of Assessment 4: Methods for measuring spray droplet sizes, C S Parkin 5: Spray tracing techniques, B K Cooke and E C Hislop 6: Spray drift and its measurement, P C H Miller 7: Operator exposure to pesticides, G Chester Part III: Application techniques 8: Application to field crops: Manually carried equipment, G A Matthews 9: Large-scale ground-based application techniques, T H Robinson 10: Application to plantation crops, F R Hall 11: Aerial application to ground crops, A Lavers 12: Aerial application to forests, J W Barry 13: Glasshouse treatment, R K Lindquist, C C Powell and F R Hall 14: Adjuvants in spray formulation in relation to foliar application of herbicides, P N P Chow 15: Insecticide application in stores, G A Matthews 16: Chemigation, C C Dowler 17: Seed treatment, P B Clayton

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Book SynopsisThe book is based on papers presented at a conference held in Oxford in March 1993 under the BRIDGE-COST-88 programme developed by the Commission of the European Communities. A wide range of fungi, which are pathogens of a variety of crop and ornamental plants, is covered and the book is aimed at postgraduate students and research workers in mycology and plant pathology, including those involved in routine testing of plants for quarantine or other purposes.Table of Contents1: Introduction Part 1: Quarantine Criteria 2: Plant Host Status and Natural Resistance 3: Statistical Concept and Minimum Threshold Concept Part 2: Physiological and Biochemical Response of Insects to Possible Disinfestation Procedures 4: Chemical Fumigants 5: Irradiation 6: Heat and Cold Treatments 7: Controlled Atmospheres Part 3: Product Physiological and Biochemical Response to Possible Disinfestation Procedures 8: Chemical Treatments 9: Irradiation 10: Heat and Cold Treatments 11: Controlled Atmospheres 12: Modelling Heat and Cold Transfer 13: Heat Treatment Facilities Part 4: Individual Product Treatments 14: Tropical and Subtropical Fruits 15: Temperate Fruits 16: Vegetables 17: Ornamentals and Flowers

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive, species-by-species account of all the world's tree-dwelling aphids. It can be used both as an identification guide by entomologists and taxonomists, and as a database in studies of biosystematics and biodiversity. In all, 1758 aphid species are covered, feeding on trees in 355 genera. There are detailed host lists and illustrated keys to the aphids colonising each tree genus, followed by a systematic treatment of the aphid species in alphabetical order of genera, with information on appearance in life, host range, distribution, life cycle and natural enemies. There are 722 drawings, 108 photographs and more than 1800 literature references. The volume will be a standard reference for workers in entomology and forestry.Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: The association between aphids and trees 3: Life cycles and polymorphism 4: The trees and their aphids 5: Notes on the use of section 6: Morphology and key characters 7: Host lists and keys for each tree genus (in alphabetical order) 8: Keys to polyphagous aphids 9: The aphids 10: Introduction to the section 11: Systematic treatment of aphid genera (in alphabetical order) 12: Techniques 13: Collecting 14: Preservation and mounting 15: Labelling and storage 16: Bibliography 17: Regionally classified works on tree-dwelling aphids 18: List of references 19: Index to aphid species names 20: Photographs of slide-mounted aphids

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Book SynopsisProponents of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) advocate its use to reduce or eliminate the use of chemical pesticides in agriculture, since excessive pesticide use may be a threat to both human health and the environment. Proponents of biotechnology believe that the use of novel products, such as transgenic plants with insect resistance, will reduce the need for chemical pesticides. However the use of such novel products within IPM systems may also create potential risks. This volume reviews such issues and discusses the potential benefits of and constraints to the applications of biotechnology in IPM systems, especially in developing countries. It also considers the related policy issues confronting decision-makers in national agricultural research systems and international development agencies. The book consists of revised versions of papers presented at a conference hosted by the Rockefeller Foundation and held in Bellagio, Italy in October 1993.Table of ContentsSection One: Linking Biotechnology and Integrated Pest Management 1: Needs and opportunities, Max J Whittan, Richard A Jefferson and David Dall 2: Integrated pest management and biotechnology: An analysis of their potential for integration, Jeff Waage 3: Integrated pest management in developing countries, Lim Guan Soon Section Two: Case Studies of IPM Integration and of Using Biocontrol Agents in IPM Systems 4: Integrated pest management: Rice case-study, Peter E Kenmore 5: Soybean in Brazi,l Flavio Moscardi and D R Sosa-Gómez 6: India: An overview, Nandini V Katre 7: Cassava in Africa, Hans R Herren Section Three: Using Biotechnology for New Biocontrol Agents 8: Biological products for IPM, Pamela Marrone 9: Novel biocontrol agents, Marjorie A Hoy Section Four: Biotechnology and Plant Breeding 10: Marker-assisted plant breeding, Rebecca J Nelson 11: Modern plant breeding: an Overview, Ivan W Buddenhagen Section Five: Case Studies: Transgenic Plants in IPM Systems 12: Insect-resistant crop plants, David A Fischhoff 13: Cotton in Australia, W James Peacock, D J Llewellyn and G P Fitt 14: Virus-resistant transgenic plants, Roger Beachy Section Six: Alternative Strategies with Transgenes for Insect Resistance 15: Can we slow adaptation by pests to insect resistant transgenic crops?, Richard T Roush 16: Deploying pesticidal crops in developing countries, Fred Gould Section Seven: Other Components in IPM Systems 17: New diagnostics, Mark E Whalon 18: Virus/vector control, Michael E Irwin and Lowell R Nault Section Eight: New Opportunities 19: Vector control, Elizabeth Evans 20: Insect vectors of human diseases, Christopher F Curtis 21: Molecular genetics Veronica Rodriguêz and K Vijiy Raghavan Section Nine: Investment Implications and Future Directions 22: A view from industry, Ben J Mifflin 23: Future directions for international development agencies, Gabrielle J Persley, Gary Toennisen and Peter Dart

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Book SynopsisThis practical guide covers the commonly used detection methods for seed-transmitted viruses and viroids that affect both tropical and temperate crops. It contains 25 complete step-by-step procedures for biological, serological and molecular techniques to detect and identify such viruses. Combining helpful practical notes with more detailed explanations of the principles behind the techniques, the book describes the general characteristics of seed-transmitted viral diseases and discusses outlines for the organization and interpretation of seed health assays. The techniques reviewed are also applicable to non-seed-transmitted viral agents.Table of ContentsPART I: Introduction 1: Seed transmission of viruses 2: Ecology, epidemiology and control PART II: Biological assays 3: Serological testing methods 4: Nucleic acid-based testing methods 5: Nucleic acid hybridization 6: Epilogue i: Appendix 1. List of seed-transmitted viruses and viroids ii: Appendix 2. Reagents, solutions and buffers iii: Appendix 3. Suppliers of laboratory equipment and materials

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Book SynopsisThis book documents and illustrates major developments in the use of nematodes for the biological control of insects and slugs. It covers the use of three main types of nematodes: entomopathogenic nematodes, entomophilic nematodes and slug-parasitic nematodes. The biology, commercial production, formulation and quality control, application technology, strategy and safety of each of these three nematode groups is discussed. The book also examines the application of nematodes in different cropping systems, and the efficacy of nematodes against specific pests. The potential of predatory nematodes to control plant-parasitic nematodes and mycophagous nematodes to control fungal pathogens is also reviewed.Table of ContentsPART 1: NEMATODE MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY 1: Morphology and Taxonomy of Nematodes Used in Biocontrol , S P Stock, University of Arizona, USA, and D J Hunt, CABI Bioscience, Surrey, UK PART 2: ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES 2: Biology and Behavior, C Griffin, National University of Ireland, UK, N Boemare, Université Montpellier II, France, and E E Lewis, Virginia Technology Institute, USA 3: Mass Production, R-U Ehlers and D I Shapiro-Ilan 4: Formulation and Quality, P S Grewal, and A Peters, e-nema GmbH, Germany 5: Application Technology, D J Wright, Imperial College London, UK, A Peters, S Schroer, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany, and J Patterson Fife, Battelle Memorial Institute, USA 6: Forum on Safety and Regulation, R-U Ehlers 7: Lawn, Turfgrass and Pasture Applications, P S Grewal, A M Koppenhöfer, Rutgers University, USA, and H Y Choo, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea 8: Glasshouse Applications, M Tomalak, Institute of Plant Protection, Poland, S Piggot, Littlehampton, UK and G B Jagdale, Ohio State University, USA 9: Nursery and Tree Application, R W H M van Tol, Wageningen-UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands and M J Raupp, University of Maryland, USA 10: Mushroom Applications, S Jess, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland, H Schweizer, Queen's University of Belfast, and M Kirkpatrick, NIHPBS Loughgall, County Armagh, UK 11: Orchard Applications, D I Shapiro-Ilan, L W Duncan, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, USA, L A Lacey, USDA-ARS, Washington, USA and R Han, Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou, China 12: Soft Fruit Applications, R S Cowles, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, USA, S Polavarapu, (Deceased), R N Williams, Ohio State University, USA, A Thies, e-nema, France, and R-U Ehlers 13: Vegetable and Tuber Crop Applications, G Belair, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Canada, D J Wright, and G Curto, Servizio Fitosanitario Regione emilia-Romagna, Italy 14: Cereal, Fiber, Medicinal, and Oilseed Crop Applications, H E Cabanillas, USDA ARS, USA, R J Wright, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA and R V Vyas, Gujarat Agricultural University, India 15: Forestry Applications, P Torr and M J Wilson, University of Aberdeen, UK and S Heritage, Forestry Research, Northern Research Station, Roslin, UK 16: Applications for the Control of Pests of Humans and Animals, I Glazer, Volcani Center, Israel, M Samish, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet-Dagan, Israel, and F G del Pino, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain 17: Application for Social Insect Control, D H Gouge, University of Arizona, USA 18: A Systems Approach to Conservation of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, M Barbercheck, Pennsylvania State University, USA, and C W Hoy, Ohio State University, USA 19: Interactions with Plant-parasitic Nematodes, E E Lewis and P S Grewal 20: Compatibility and Interactions with Agrochemicals and Other Biocontrol Agents, A M Koppenhöfer and P S Grewal PART 3: ENTOMOPHILIC NEMATODES 21: Application of Beddingia siricidicola for Sirex Wood Wasp Control, R A Bedding, CSIRO, Australia and E T Iede, EMBRAPA Florestas, Brazil 22: The Entomophilic Thripinema, J E Funderburk and K Sims Latsha, University of Florida, USA 23: Mermithid Nematodes, E G Platzer, B A Mullens, University of California, Riverside, USA and M M Shamseldean, Cairo University, Egypt PART 4: SLUG-PARASITIC NEMATODES 24: Biology, Production, and Formulation of Slug-parasitic Nematodes, M J Wilson and P S Grewal 25: Field Application of Slug-parasitic Nematodes, A Ester, Applied Plant Research Ltd, The Netherlands and M J Wilson PART 5: PREDATORY NEMATODES 26: Potential of Predatory Nematodes to Control Plant-parasitic Nematodes, A L Bilgrami and C Brey, Rutgers University, USA PART 6: FUNGAL FEEDING NEMATODES 27: Potential of Fungal Feeding Nematodes for the Control of Soil-borne Plant Pathogens, N Ishibashi, Saga University, Japan PART 7: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 28: Critical Issues and Research Needs for Expanding the Use of Nematodes in Biocontrol, P S Grewal, R-U Ehlers and D I Shapiro-Ilan

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Book SynopsisThis book provides an invaluable review of the current methodologies used for assessing the environmental impacts of invertebrate biological agents used to control pests in agriculture and forestry. It explores methods to evaluate post-release effects and the environmental impact of dispersal, displacement and establishment of invertebrate biological control agents. It covers methodology on screening for contaminants, the use of molecular methods for species identification and the determination of interbreeding. The book also discusses the use and application of information on zoogeographical zones, statistical methods and risk-benefit analysis. It gives practical advice on how to perform science-based risk assessments and on how to use new technology and information.Table of Contents1: Current status and constraints in the assessment of non-target effects, 2: Selection of Non-Target Species for Host Specificity Testing, 3: Host Specificity in Arthropod Biological Control, Methods for Testing and Interpretation of the Data, 4: Measuring and Predicting Indirect Impacts of Biological control: Competition, displacement, and secondary interactions, 5: Risks of Interbreeding between species used in biological control and native species, and methods for evaluating its occurrence and impact, 6: Assessing the establishment potential of inundative biological control agents, 7: Methods for Monitoring the Dispersal of Natural Enemies from Point Source Releases Associated with Augmentative Biological Control, 8: Risks of plant damage caused by natural enemies introduced for arthropod biological control, 9: Methods for assessment of contaminants of invertebrate biological control agents and Associated Risks, 10: Post-Release Evaluation of Non-Target Effects of Biological Control Agents, 11: Molecular Methods for the Identification of biological control Agents at the species and strain level, 12: The usefulness of the Ecoregion Concept for safer import of Invertebrate biological control Agents, 13: Statistical tools to improve the quality of experiments and Data Analysis for assessing non-target effects, 14: Principles of environmental risk assessment with Emphasis on the New Zealand Perspective, 15: Environmental risk assessment: methods for comprehensive evaluation and quick scan, 16: Balancing environmental risks and benefits: a Basic Approach,

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