Volcanology and seismology Books

Book SynopsisDid you know that there are more than 60 active volcanoes in Europe today? Or that the longest-existing lava lake is in Ethiopia? Or that Mount Stromboli off the coast of Italy has been in almost continuous eruption for the past 2000 years? Illustrated with 200 spectacular photographs, Volcano is a fascinating visual journey around the globe, selecting the most striking live and extinct volcanoes from Alaska to Antarctica, from Tanzania to Tasmania, from Kamchatka in Russia’s far east to Indonesia and the Philippines. Alongside famous volcanoes such as Mount Etna in Sicily, Mount Vesuvius on the Italian mainland and Mount St Helens in Washington State, the book features many lesser known but equally interesting volcanoes across all the continents. Each entry is accompanied with a fascinating caption explaining not only the geological forces at work, but also how the volcano has shaped the history of the surrounding areas across millennia. Presented in a landscape format and with more than 190 outstanding colour photographs of around 100 entries, Volcano is a stunning collection of images.Table of ContentsIntroduction EUROPE Kirkjufell, Iceland Holuhraun lava field, Iceland Bárðarbunga, Iceland Eldfell, Heimaey, Iceland Eyjafjallajokull, Iceland Puy de Dôme, France Puy de Pariou, France Piton de la Fournaise, Réunion Island, France Teide, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain Calderón Hondo, Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain Tahiche, Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain Timanfaya, Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain Croscat, Spain Islet of Vila Franca do Campo, São Miguel Island,Azores, Portugal Mount Pico, Portugal Sete Citades, Azores, Portugal Stromboli, Aeolian Islands, Italy Vulcano and Lipari, Aeolian Islands, Italy Mount Etna, Sicily, Italy Mount Vesuvius, Campania, Italy Nisyros, Dodecanese, Greece Nea Kameni, Santorini, Greece Mount Ararat, Turkey AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST Pico do Fogo, Fogo, Cape Verde Mount Cameroon, Cameroon Mount Nyiragongo, Democratic Republic of the Congo Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania Ol Doinyo Lengai, Tanzania Muhavura, Uganda/Rwanda Dallol, Danakil Depression, Ethiopia Erta Ale, Ethiopia Nabro, Danakil Depression, Eritrea Zendan-e Soleyman, Iran Taftan, Iran Mount Damavand, Iran ASIA, THE PACIFIC & ANTARCTICA Mutnovsky, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Karymsky, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Kambalny, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Tolbachik, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Koryaksky, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Cherpuk, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Klyuchevskoy Sopka, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Avachinsky, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Gorely, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Kamen, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Paektu, China/North Korea Komezuka, Aso, Kyushu, Japan Sarychev Peak, Kuril Islands Mount Fuji, Honshu, Japan Mount Aso, Kyushu, Japan Mount Chokai, Honshu, Japan Mayon, Luzon, Philippines Mount Pinatubo, Philippines Chu Dang Ya, Gia Lai province, Vietnam Mount Rinjani, Lombok, Indonesia Kelimutu, Flores, Indonesia Anak Krakatoa, Indonesia Mount Sinabung, Sumatra, Indonesia Merapi, Java, Indonesia Mounts Bromo, Batok and Semeru, Java, Indonesia Manam, Manam Island, Papua New Guinea The Nut, Tasmania, Australia Mount Tongariro, New Zealand White Island/Whakaari, New Zealand Mount Ngauruhoe, New Zealand Mount Ruapehu, New Zealand Mawson Peak, Heard Island, Australia Mount Discovery, Antarctica Brown Bluff, Antarctica Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarctica NORTH AMERICA & CARIBBEAN Mount Shasta and Black Butte, California Augustine, Alaska Mount Shishaldin, Alaska Mount Si, Washington Mount St Helens, Washington Mount Adams, Washington Mount Rainier, Washington Mount Hood, Oregon Crater Lake, Oregon Devils Tower, Wyoming Lassen Peak, California Cinder Cone, California San Francisco Peaks, Arizona Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii Mount Kilauea, Hawaii Diamond Head, Oahu, Hawaii Hanauma Bay and Koko Crater, Oahu, Hawaii Anahim Peak, British Columbia, Canada Popocatépetl, Mexico Parícutin, Mexico Tacaná, Mexico Nevis Peak, St Kitts, Lesser Antilles Soufrière Hills, Montserrat, Lesser Antilles CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICA Fuego, Guatemala San Pedro, Guatemala Izalco, El Salvador El Boqueron/San Salvador, El Salvador Tiger Island, Honduras Momotombo, Nicaragua Concepción, Nicaragua Irazu, Costa Rica Turrialba, Costa Rica Arenal, Costa Rica Galeras, Colombia Antisana, Ecuador Tungurahua, Ecuador Cotopaxi, Ecuador Misti, Peru Licancabur and Juriques, Chile Descabezado Grande, Chile Puyehue-Cordon Caulle, Chile Aracar, Argentina Tromen, Argentina

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Book SynopsisBased on an intimate knowledge and extensive research, Italian volcanoes, provides a complete introductory guide to one of the world's best known and most intensively studied volcanic areas. It is a unique guide to volcanic geology and an exciting introduction to how volcanoes work. Twelve detailed itineraries have been specially chosen to highlight the spectrum of volcanic products, their threat to human activity and their importance to understanding how volcanoes behave. Richly illustrated with maps and photographs, this guide is ideal for all geologists and visitors to Italy who have been captivated by some of the world's most spectacular volcanoes.Table of ContentsPreface. Volcanism in Italy. Somma - Vesuvius; Campi Flegerei (Phlegraean Fields); The Aeolian Islands; Mount Etna. Glossary. Index.

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Book Synopsis“Toala Olivares' photos seem so carefree; sometimes almost snapshots. But they are testament to an unfailing insight into the story that needs to be told.” —Jeroen Junte, journalist & historian, about The Amsterdam Canals Documentary photographer Cris Toala Olivares experienced the enormous forces emanating from the core of a volcano during the 2014 eruption of the volcano Tungurahua in Ecuador. People who had lived on the fertile flanks for generations were forced to leave, something they did only with great reluctance despite the looming danger. Toala Olivares decided to delve deeper into the different relationships that people all over the world have with volcanoes. He visited 13 volcanoes, from Iceland to Indonesia, and has captured them in stunning photographs accompanied by interviews with the people who live there.Table of Contents1. Ecuador, Tungurahua 2. Indonesia, Sinabung 3. Cape Verde - Fogo 4. Ecuador - Cotopaxi 5. Guatemala - Agua 6. Indonesia- Agung 7. North Korea - Mount Paektu 8. Indonesia - Krakatoa 9. Italy - Stromboli 10. Italy, Mount Amiata 11. Ecuador - Imbabura 12. Iceland 13. Netherlands – Zuidwal

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Book Synopsis* Multidisciplinary examples throughout the text - catering to students in varied disciplines (geology, mineralogy, petrology, physics, etc.). * Most up to date book on the market - includes recent seismic events such as the 1999 Earthquakes in Turkey, Greece, and Taiwan).Trade Review"This outstanding book is without equal, and it will endure for many years as an indispensable reference for earth scientists and engineers as well as a great resource for students." (Choice, April 2003) "An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes, and Earth Structure belongs on the shelf of every seismologist...a fantastic resource for interesting examples, challenging problems, added coverage for selected topics, and as a general reference resource. This book is destined to become a classic." --Clifford Thurber, University of Wisconsin, Madison, EOS Transactions, June 2003 "All in all, it is an indispensable reference for serious students of solid-Earth geophysics." --Heidi Houston, UCLA, Physics Today, October 2003 "...the authors' methodical approach and transition through the subject make it a suitable text with which to build on undergraduate studies...If you have found seismology and earth structure an interesting aspect of your earth science studies this book is a valuable next step, supporting the authors' contention that seismology should be part of the education of every solid earth scientist." (The Open University Geological Society Journal, May 2004) "There is no doubt that the publication is a valuable learning tool for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students and a useful reference book not only for seismologists but also for solid earth scientists in general." (The Eggs.org (Newsletter of the EGU), September 2004) "This is an extremely well-written, innovative and well-received overview-cum-textbook for use by first-year graduate students. The approach is more modern and useful than other available seismology textbooks." (Natural Hazards, April 2005) "In spite of the fact that the book has been written as a textbook, it also makes a good addition to any geophysicist's bookshelf as a 'quick reference' as the clear writing makes it easy to absorb information quickly when reading out of sequence." (Surveys in Geophysics)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. 1 Introduction. 2 Basic Seismological Theory. 3 Seismology and Earth Structure. 4 Earthquakes. 5 Seismology and Plate Tectonics. 6 Seismograms as Signals. 7 Inverse Problems. Appendix: Mathematical and Computational Background. Reference. Solutions to selected odd-numbered problems. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis fully updated second edition provides an introduction to geotechnical earthquake engineering for first-year graduate students in geotechnical or earthquake engineering graduate programs with a level of detail that will also be useful for more advanced students as well as researchers and practitioners. It begins with an introduction to seismology and earthquake ground motions, then presents seismic hazard analysis and performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) principles. Dynamic soil properties pertinent to earthquake engineering applications are examined, both to facilitate understanding of soil response to seismic loads and to describe their practical measurement as part of site characterization. These topics are followed by site response and its analysis and soilâstructure interaction. Ground failure in the form of soil liquefaction, cyclic softening, surface fault rupture, and seismically induced landslides are also addressed, and the book closes with a chapter on soil improvement and hazard mitigation. The first edition has been widely used around the world by geotechnical engineers as well as many seismologists and structural engineers.The main text of this book and the four appendices: Cover fundamental concepts in applied seismology, geotechnical engineering, and structural dynamics Contain numerous references for further reading, allowing for detailed exploration of background or more advanced material Present worked example problems that illustrate the application of key concepts emphasized in the text Include chapter summaries that emphasize the most important points Present concepts of performance-based earthquake engineering with an emphasis on uncertainty and the types of probabilistic analyses needed to implement PBEE in practice Present a broad, interdisciplinary narrative, drawing from the fields of seismology, geotechnical engineering, and structural engineering to facilitate holistic understanding of how geotechnical earthquake engineering is applied in seismic hazard and risk analyses and in seismic design

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Book Synopsis''If Michael Palin had been a volcanologist, this is the book he would have written'' LITERARY REVIEW''Gripping'' THE ECONOMIST ''Wonderful'' PETER FRANKOPAN ''Like a thriller ... This is terrific'' SPECTATOR ''Beautiful ... bursting with poetry, with storytelling'' WERNER HERZOGWe are made of the same stuff as the breath and cinders of volcanoes. No matter where we live on the planet, they have shaped our history and might one day decide our destiny. World-famous volcanologist Clive Oppenheimer has worked at the crater''s edge in the wildest places on Earth, close enough to feel the heat of the lava. In Mountains of Fire we join him on hair-singeing adventures from Italy to Antarctica to learn how deeply our stories are intertwined with volcanoes.

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Book SynopsisUncover the Earth''s inner secrets as you explore the world''s most magnificent volcanoes and earthquakes like never before. Become an eyewitness to the world''s most explosive volcanoes and powerful earthquakes with this picture-led guide that will take you on a visual tour of the hotspots of the world. Explore everything you need to know about the Earth''s most extraordinary natural forces - from active volcanoes, including Kilanea in Hawaii and Etna in Italy, to devastating earthquakes that have hit San Francisco and Japan. Discover how the eruption of Mount Vesuvius devastated the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, but left in its wake remarkably preserved treasures.Throughout the pages of this newly- revised incredible history book, you can expect to find: -All information updated by expert consultants-Packed with amazing facts, infographics, statistics, and timelines-Includes brand new eyewitness accounts from experts in th

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Book SynopsisThe major objectives of this manual are to provide students with hands-on experiences that are relevant, easy to understand, applicable to the studentâs life, and presented in an interesting, informative format. Ranging from field and lab experiments to conducting social and personal assessments of the environmental impact of human activities, the manual presents something for everyone, regardless of the budget or facilities of each class. These labs are grouped by categories that can be used in conjunction with any introductory environmental textbook.Table of Contents1. Primary Productivity2. Habitat and Niche3. Community Structure4. Estimating Population Size5. Population Dynamics6. Historical Changes in Human Population Characteristics7. Human Population Dynamics8. Plate Tectonics9. Soil Characteristics and Plant Growth10. Stream Ecology and Assessment11. Personal Energy Consumption12. Insulating Properties of Building Materials13. The Effects of Radiation on the Germination and Growth of Squash Seeds14. Evaluating Renewable Energy Sources15. Toxicity Testing (LD50)16. Effects of Salinization on Plants17. Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand18. Air Pollution19. Global Indicators of Climate Change20. Evaluating Ecological Footprint Calculations21. Land-Use Planning on Campus22. Solid Waste Assessment Appendix 1 The Successful Field Trip Appendix 2 Suggestions for Field Trips and Alternative Learning Activities

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Book SynopsisShared Risk is an unparalleled study of how communities at risk respond to major hazards. This book explores the elastic boundary between structure and flexibility that enables modern organizations to function effectively under uncertain, dynamic conditions. It shows how communities and organizations cope with dynamic and unpredicted events.Trade ReviewGene Rochlin, University of California, USA This is a unique project that combines a wealth of informative, in-depth fieldwork with a highly original approach. The author's research on and analysis of responses to recent earthquakes is unparalleled in the existing literature. L. Douglas Kiel, University of Texas at Dallas, USA An excellent and accessible application of the sciences of complexity to the challenges of shared risk. Douglas Paton, Massey University, New Zealand ...this book provides an innovative and comprehensive analysis of a highly complex topic...text contents provide a practical tool for emergency planning for seismic crisis. The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma StudiesTable of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. List of tables. List of figures. Part I: Shared Risk in Theory: Context, Concept and Methods of Analysis. Shared risk and self-organizing processes. Models of transition in complex, dynamic environments. Measuring change in nonlinear social systems. The 'Edge of Chaos': creative response in dynamic environments. Part II: Shared Risk in Practice: The Evolution of Response Systems. Nonadaptive systems: San Salvador, Ecuador and Armenia. Emergent adaptive systems: Mexico City, Costa Rica, and Erzincan, Turkey. Operative adaptive systems: Whittier Narrows, California; Loma Prieta, California; and Maharashtra, India. Auto-adaptive systems: self organization or dysfunction in Northridge, California and Hanshin, Japan. Part III: Future Strategies: Managing Risk in Complex, Adaptive Systems. Adaptation to disaster: evolving response systems. Sociotechnical systems and the reduction of global risk. Bibliography. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisVery Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, InspiringIn this Very Short Introduction Bill McGuire takes a fresh look at our sometimes perilous planet, and evaluates the causes and consequences of what used to be thought of as ''natural'' hazards through the prism of planetary heating and the continuing destabilising of our climate. Our world has always been a dangerous and deadly place, and storms, floods, earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic blasts have taken an enormous toll on lives and livelihoods throughout recorded history and before. In the past, such events were regarded first as acts of God, or gods, and later as simply a consequence of hazardous natural phenomena that are a normal part of how our planet works. In recent decades, however, this picture has changed. Relentless global heating, arising from the 2.4 trillion tonnes of carbon dioxide pumped into the atmosphere as a result of human activities, has completely altered the ''natural'' hazard landscape. There has long been

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Book SynopsisEvery year that passes without a tsunami means that we''re just that much closer to our next one. What can we do to ensure we''re prepared when the next catastrophic tsunami strikes?The ferocious waves of a tsunami can travel across oceans at the speed of a jet airplane. They can kill families, destroy entire cultures, and even gut nations. To understand these beasts in our waters well enough to survive them, we must understand how they''re created and learn from the past.In this book, tsunami specialists James Goff and Walter Dudley arm readers with everything they need to survive a tsunami and maybe even avoid the next one. The book takes readers on a historical journey through some of the most devastating tsunamis in human history, some of the quirky ones, and even some that may not even be what most of us think of as tsunamis. Diving into personal and scientific stories of disasters,Tsunami pulls readers into the many ways these waves can be generated, ranging from earthquakes andTrade ReviewJames Goff and Walter Dudley take us on a journey across the seven seas and the five continents to remind us of the destructive forces of nature. Using oral traditions, historical records, and scientific data, the authors manage to convey in a familiar narrative the results of their amazing professional career. Tsunami will be of great importance for students and researchers in Earth sciences, anthropology and archaeology, and should be a must-read for government officials associated with natural disaster prevention offices. Those of us who live in coastal areas should not be constantly terrified of them, but we must know their effects and be prepared since, as the authors mention: Sooner or later, they will happen again. * Pedro Andrade, Universidad de Concepción *This is an original, authoritative, and highly readable account of tsunamis around the world, balancing clear and accessible explanations of tsunami science with personal accounts and meticulously researched historical detail. Based on their decades of research experience the authors take the reader on an historical journey through tsunamis and their impacts both on individuals and on entire societies, clearly highlighting that, in the words of their final quote, 'Those that fail to learn from history, are doomed to repeat it. * Andy Cundy, University of Southampton *Goff and Dudley's Tsunami is immensely compelling. Drawing upon many branches of science, from history to geology and archaeology to oceanography, the authors present fascinating insights into this misunderstood and under-appreciated nemesis for coastal dwellers everywhere. Planet-tipping earthquakes, cataclysmic volcanic eruptions, plunging asteroids, colossal landslides, boiling geysers, the demise of dinosaurs and megalodons, ancestral migrations, conflict and warfare, fake news, the 'first Brexit', and captivating legends of water monsters echoing down to us from primeval times: all are featured herein. Science? Absolutely. But pull up your armchair anyway, because Tsunami is gripping stuff. * James Terry, Zayed University *Table of ContentsIntroduction Chapter 1: The Case of the Disappearing Lighthouse Chapter 2: How Weird Squiggles led from Sheaves of Rice to the Depth of the Seas Chapter 3: Voices From the Past Chapter 4: The World's Oldest Tsunami Victim at the Gateway to the Pacific--and Beyond Chapter 5: The Monster of Lituya Bay Chapter 6: The Perils of Freshwater Tsunamis Chapter 7: Tsunamis and the US Navy Chapter 8: 1964, Alaska: Tsunami Chapter 9: Strange, but True Chapter 10: Megasharknado Chapter 11: Saved by the Baguette Chapter 12: 1755, Lisbon: The Benefit of Brothels Chapter 13: Storegga: No Referendum for this Brexit Chapter 14: 1960, Chile: Did the Earth Move for You? Chapter 15: Boxing Day: The World's Worst Disaster of the 21st Century Afterword

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Book SynopsisThe impact of volcanic eruptions on the Earth's environment has been the source of many a debate and the cause of extensive research activities by leading academics worldwide. The new edition of Peter Francis's Volcanoes preserves the particular strengths of the orignal in its accessibility, immense clarity, engaging humour and excellent illustrations. The book updates the original by reflecting on new research findings and new eruptions (such as that on Montserrat) as well as including a new chapter on volcanic hazards, which looks at the complex and scientific and sociological issues surrounding risk mitigation. In updating the planetary perspective of the book new co-author Clive Oppenheimer provides us with an insight into studies of Mars and Jupiter. The book is designed primarily for undergraduate students across a range of disciplines including geology, Earth sciences, geography, environmental sciences and planetary sciences, yet, is an equally valuable source for volcanologistsTrade Review'Oppenheimer does not shy away from difficult concepts, and as part of a more modern treatment of magma vesiculation (bubble formation) he presents a skilful precis of Yuri Siezin's catastrophe theory model, whereby a slight change in the pressure driving up a conduit can trigger an enormous change in magma ascent velocity.' Times Higher Education Supplement, April 2004.Review from previous edition 'the work is organized around the styles of volcanism found on the earth ... the lay reader is skilfully guided around or over the technical hurdles without the storyline being lost and perseverance, when it is needed, is rewarded by many fascinating details about particular eruptions ... the thoroughness and range of the coverage in the text make this an excellent adjunct to the reading list for even a postgraduate course in volcanology ... Francis has succeeded in producing an extremely readable, entertaining, authoritative and informative work that should bring a better appreciation of modern volcanology to a wide audience.' * L. Wilson, Nature August, 07/09/1993 *'the lay readers is skilfully guided around or over the technical hurdles without the storyline being lost; and perseverance, when it is needed, is rewarded by many fascinating details about particular eruptions ... the thoroughness and range of the coverage in the text make this an excellent adjunct to the reading list for even a postgraduate course in volcanology ... Francis has succeeded in producing an extremely readable, entertaining, authoritative and informative work that should bring a better appreciation of modern volcanology to a wide audience.' * Lionel Wilson, University of Lancaster, Nature, Vol. 364, August 1993 *'This is simply the best book I have seen on the science that underlies modern understanding of volcanology - and on top of that it is a pleasure to read ... a coherent and lively overview of his field, from historical accounts of great eruptions to lavas on Mars and elsewhere ... it is difficult to put down, principally because of Francis's lively style ... His lucid style and individual ... voice entices committed and casual readers alike. This is the book for all those who have wondered why and how volcanoes erupt as they do, and are prepared to think a little to find out ... what makes this text so compelling is the sense of contact with research. Francis refers throughout to the scientists involved - what they saw and how they interpreted their observations.' * Sue Bowler, New Scientist, September 1993 *'In an easy-to-read style, he has produced a scholarly work that is a suitable text both for earth and environmental science students and for those who wish to know more about this important natural process. The book is extremely well illustrated with high-quality drawings and photographs. This is a good follow-up to the author's earlier and highly successful book on the same subject.' * Times Higher Education Supplement *'This is above all a very readable account of one of the Earth's fundamental geological processes and as such will appeal equally to students of geology and geography, nonspecialists, and the general reader. The book is magnificently illustrated and the author writes from first hand experience of research in this field.' * Aslib Book Guide, Vol. 59, No. 3, March 1994 *'targeted specifically to a popular audience. It went on to achieve considerable success, in part because of its accessible style, low price, and lack of competitors ... Francis has written a highly personal discourse, focusing on those volcanoes and topics that most captivate him ... it is Francis's subtle appreciation of how volcanoes work that really sets this book apart.' * Science, Vol 263, 21 January 1994 *'Graduates would find much new material of interest and plenty of references for further study.' * OUGS Journal 16.1, Spring Edition 1995 *'In part, reading this book is simply a pleasure, as Francis and Oppenheimer write very clear and precise, adding occasionally the odd joke...To the present writer, this book is the best work on volcanoes and volcanology...the clarity of the presentation makes this book very readable for the educated non-special...I thus conclude: simply the best!' * Dr Ulrich Knittel, http://vulkanismus.de/reviews/volcs_eng.html *'In my opinion Dr Oppenheimer has combined the original work with new material to produce a superb book which is a pleasure to read and at a modest price it should be on the book list of everyone interested in volcanology' * Elizabeth Maddocks OUGS Journal 25 (2) Symposium Edition 2004. *Table of Contents1. The Basics: isotopes and green cheese ; 2. Keeping planets cool: volcanoes, hot-spots, and plate tectonics ; 3. Four classic eruptions ; 4. Magma - the hot stuff ; 5. Types of volcanic activity ; 6. Lava Flows ; 7. Pyroclastic eruptions: bubbles, bangs, columns, and currents ; 8. What goes up must come down: pyroclastic fall deposits ; 9. Pyroclastic currents from collapsing domes and transient eruptions ; 10. Pyroclastic currents and ignimbrites associated with plinian eruptions ; 11. Super-eruptions, super-volcanoes and calderas ; 12. Debris avalanches and flows: magic carpets and muck ; 13. Volcanoes as landscape forms ; 14. Submarine volcanism ; 15. Extraterrestrial volcanoes ; 16. Eruptions and climate ; 17. Volcano monitoring ; 18. Reducing volcanic risks

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Book SynopsisEarthquakes have taught us much about our planet's hidden structure and the forces that have shaped it. This book explains how observing networks transformed an instant of panic and confusion into a field for scientific research, turning earthquakes into natural experiments at the nexus of the physical and human sciences.Trade Review"The cleverly ambiguous title of this book plays with the many uncertainties that surround our experience of earthquakes. Just who are these 'observers': are they scientists, farmers, or city dwellers? In answering this question, Coen offers a wealth of information in a book that reads with the appeal of fiction." (Times Higher Education)"

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Book SynopsisAn internationally recognized scientist shows that Earth's separate continents, once together in Pangea, are again on a collision course. You've heard of Pangea, the single landmass that broke apart some 175 million years ago to give us our current continents, but what about its predecessors, Rodinia or Columbia? These supercontinents from Earth's past provide evidence that land repeatedly joins and separates. While scientists debate what that next supercontinent will look likeand what to name itthey all agree: one is coming. In this engaging work, geophysicist Ross Mitchell invites readers to remote (and sometimes treacherous) lands for evidence of past supercontinents, delves into the phenomena that will birth the next, and presents the case for the future supercontinent of Amasia, defined by the merging of North America and Asia. Introducing readers to plate tectonic theory through fieldwork adventures and accessible scientific descriptions, Mitchell considers flows deep in the Earth's mantle to explain Amasia's future formation and shows how this developing theory can illuminate other planetary mysteries. He then poses the inevitable question: how can humanity survive the intervening 200 million years necessary to see Amasia? An expert on the supercontinent cycle, Mitchell offers readers a front-row seat to a slow-motion mystery and an ongoing scientific debate.Trade Review"Although Mitchell’s destination is the distant future, don’t be fooled. His book is as much a romp through the past as it is a look ahead, complete with references unique to the present....Throughout the book, Mitchell’s clear explanations and carefully chosen images help make sense of even the most complicated concepts." * Science News *"Locked in rocks, mountains, and oceans lies evidence of an ancient, active earth. Subduction, plate tectonics, and volcanic activity continually reshape continents. . . . [Those] interested in geology and geophysics will appreciate Mitchell’s compelling vision and research." * Booklist *"Ross Mitchell provides a cinematic view of Earth over billion-year timescales, showing how the slow-motion dance of the continents has a deep underlying logic that makes it possible to predict geographies of the distant future." -- Marcia Bjornerud | author of "Timefulness: How Thinking Like a Geologist Can Help Save the World""Geological puzzles don’t get bigger than unravelling the choreography of continents since Earth’s childhood. It takes bold thinking, and reconciliation of hard-won field data with computer models of our planet’s interior, to figure out the lay of the land hundreds of millions of years ago. Ross Mitchell draws on his own cutting-edge research to explain how Earth’s heat engine works, and what ancient configurations of land and sea—vastly different from today’s map—meant for the atmosphere, climate and, crucially, the evolution of life. It’s a gripping story, vivaciously told, of prescient scientists, perilous fieldwork, and the amazing ways in which geology empowers us to situate humanity in the context of billions of years of Earth history, and to ground speculation of how the next billion might play out." -- Clive Oppenheimer | author of "Eruptions that Shook the World"“Mitchell is the only person who could write this inviting and engaging book, which shares the thrill of scientific discovery.” -- Brendan Murphy | St. Francis Xavier University"The world is like a giant clock, with enormous tectonic gears of seemingly infinite complexity. That clock will keep ticking long after we humans are extinct, and Ross Mitchell, watchmaker, lets us see far into that future: an amazing Amasia." -- Peter Ward | author of "Rare Earth: Why Complex Life is Uncommon in the Universe"“A clear, accessible introduction to a ‘super’ significant topic—the supercontinent cycle—and to scientific study itself.” -- Richard E. Ernst | Carleton University"An engaging insider’s story of geological discovery and insight at a grand scale—the unification and fragmentation of supercontinents over geologic time, and why such behavior is repeating, yet changing. This first-hand account reads like The Double Helix, but with mountains for molecules." -- Paul Hoffman | Harvard UniversityTable of ContentsPreface Introduction 1. Pangea 2. Rodinia 3. Columbia 4. The Unknown Archean 5. The Next Supercontinent Epilogue: Surviving Amasia Acknowledgments Notes Index

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Book SynopsisMount Vesuvius has been famous ever since its eruption in 79 CE, when it destroyed and buried the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. In this title, the author argues that this investigation and engagement with Vesuvius was paramount to the development of modern volcanology.Trade Review"Watching Vesuvius explores the question of Vesuvius as an object of study in the early modern science of volcanism from the investigations and opinions of humanists and naturalists in the late Renaissance to the early eighteenth-century philosophizing on volcanoes and the development of geology later in the century. Around this history of science, Sean Cocco weaves a deep cultural history of the relationship between nature and culture in the theories and practices of the peoples in the city of Naples." (John A. Marino, University of California, San Diego)"

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Book SynopsisThe first book to clearly explain the science used by paleontologists and the new, cutting-edge techniques that led to the discovery of Seismosaurus, the longest dinosaur yet known----and possibly the largest land animal to have ever lived. The book also illustrates the exciting collaboration between Gillette, the chemists and physicists who helped to reconstruct Seismosaurus.Trade ReviewHere is a work destined to be of great historical importance in the field of paleontology...There have been no comparably detailed exegeses on the history of a single excavation. Earth Sciences History

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Book SynopsisLynn R. Sykes played a key role in the birth of plate tectonics, conducting revelatory research on earthquakes. In this book, he gives an invaluable insider's perspective on the theory's development and its implications.Trade ReviewPlate Tectonics and Great Earthquakes is an enjoyable read about Lynn Sykes's firsthand experiences and historic contributions to seismology and to the world-shaking development of plate tectonics. -- Rick Aster, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State UniversityA personal, firsthand tour through one of the great scientific revolutions of the past several centuries, from a major contributor to that revolution. -- Daniel Davis, Stony Brook UniversityLynn Sykes, one of the scientific revolutionaries who gave us plate tectonics, tells his story, with special emphasis on earthquake prediction. Although earthquake prediction has been a topic perceived by some as pursued only by “fools and charlatans,” Sykes defends it not only as worthy of pursuit but also, however imperfect, as likely to be societally valuable. -- Peter Molnar, Distinguished Professor of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, BoulderLynn R. Sykes is world-renowned for his contributions to seismology. In this retrospective, he reflects on his fruitful scientific journey, from reading lots of seismograms and making fundamental contributions to the theory of plate tectonics and the understanding of great earthquakes, to the public policy implications of his earthquake research. -- Martin Reyners, GNS Science, New ZealandA leader in the plate tectonic revolution, Sykes also spearheaded studies of earthquake hazards and prediction for five decades. His unvarnished reflections and insights will captivate anyone intrigued by the irregular rhythms and spasms of the earth or curious about the scientists who strive to decipher them. -- Rob Wesson, former chief, USGS Office of Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Engineering, and author of Darwin’s First Theory: Exploring Darwin’s Quest for a Theory of EarthA career-capping tour de force that is part memoir, part scientific history. * Civil Engineering *Anyone interested in earthquakes and natural hazard science will enjoy reading Plate Tectonics and Great Earthquakes and will gain new insights, even on topics they are familiar with. * Times Higher Education *Table of ContentsPreface1. Transform Faults: My Road to Seafloor Spreading, Continental Drift, and Plate Tectonics2. Childhood, High School, MIT, and Columbia University3. Earthquakes Along Fracture Zones and Mid-Oceanic Ridges, 1963–19654. Earthquakes at Subduction Zones, 1965–19675. Subduction, Plate Tectonics, and the New Global Tectonics, 1967–19696. Earthquakes in the Caribbean and Alaska7. Long-Term Earthquake Prediction, Seismic Gaps: Alaska, Mexico, and South America8. The San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 and Long-Term Prediction for California9. My Work with the U.S. National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council10. Japanese Earthquakes and the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster11. Earthquakes in the Eastern and Central United States12. Earthquake Risks to Nuclear-Power Reactors13. Nuclear-Power Reactors in the United States: Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Disaster14. Travels to Earthquake Countries and a Trip to the Earth’s Mantle in Newfoundland15. Advances in Long-Term Earthquake Prediction: Future ProspectsAcknowledgmentsGlossaryReferencesIndexAbout the Author

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"An excellent biography. . . . This book is a great read." --The Daily Chronicle"A well-balanced and authentic view of David--where he came from, who he was, what the influences on his worldview were, and especially his sense of urgency about the unfolding situation at Mount St. Helens in spring 1980. Volcanoes are complex features; Melanie Holmes explains scientific ideas in a clear, straightforward manner that make them more accessible to a broad, non-specialist audience."--Tom Casadevall, former acting director for the U.S. Geological Survey "The intertwined personal life of David Johnston with Mount St. Helens geology and the challenges of dangerous research have, in this story, produced an incredibly engaging saga. A beautiful tribute to a scientist and to science."--Robbie Rice Gries, author of Anomalies: Pioneering Women in Petroleum Geology: 1917–2017 and president of the Geological Society of America"Read this book--you will receive an excellent and understandable description of a volcanic eruption and a moving chronicle of the making of a geologist from a boy to a man."--Vicki S. McConnell, former State Geologist of Oregon"Anyone who aspires to be a scientist or is curious about the wonder and fury of volcanoes will be inspired and mesmerized by Dave's story of courage and selflessness in the pursuit of knowledge to protect all of us from harm."--Christine McEntee, CEO/Executive Director of the American Geophysical Union"This wonderful book has several subjects; volcanology, natural disasters and human behavior, heroism, and the life of one particular man. This is an engrossing read that is absorbingly suspenseful, despite the fact that readers know the outcome. David Johnston, the hero of the story, is a multi-dimensional, complex character. Holmes shows an understanding of human psychology and has a gift for evoking personality with a few verbal gestures. We come to know David Johnston and the part he plays in the human drama surrounding Mount St. Helens. Unforgettable."--Mary V. Dearborn, author of Ernest Hemingway: A Biography"Highly recommended." --Choice"Filled with tender mercies that show the heart and humanism of those whose passion sends them into peril in the name of science." --Daily Southtown "Overall, A Hero on Mount St. Helens is an opportunity for the public to understand through David Johnston’s life what a geologist truly does and the passion they hold for not only the field itself, but the communities affected by such geological processes" --NAGT's In the Trenches "In this compelling book about volcanologist David Johnston, Melanie Holmes takes the reader from the cold war and Vietnam days of Midwest America to the short fuse lit in 1980 under Mount St. Helens. Dave’s story is well worth telling, and Holmes does so with skill, honesty, and concern for accuracy."--Barry Voight, Penn State University "David Johnston was a young man who explored; he wanted to know more. He died in the service of that knowledge--nothing less than a hero in this regard. There have been a number of memorials, all fine and well-deserved. None is better than this book. It finds a fascinating story. It tells the story well. And nothing more could a reader wish."--Zay N. Smith, former Chicago Sun-Times columnist, award-winning journalist, and coauthor of The Mirage

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Hough presents a well-researched narrative...Interesting read, tracing the history of this seismic and scientific debate." * Choice *"Seismologist Susan Hough's account offers a revealing glimpse of the personalities and issues within America's geologic community in the early twentieth century. But it also can be read as a cautionary tale about science and society." * Natural History Magazine *"Hough's book...touches the history of a subfield of earth science that has been only rarely studied before: seismology." * H-Net *"This book is historical and biographical writing at its very best." * Environment and History *"The Great Quake Debate gives all readers—historians, scientists, and interested non-experts—excellent insights into the unfolding of scientific community and scientific investigations of earthquakes in the United States, a topic crucial to public and private life then, and still." * Pacific Historical Review *

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Hough presents a well-researched narrative...Interesting read, tracing the history of this seismic and scientific debate." * Choice *"Seismologist Susan Hough's account offers a revealing glimpse of the personalities and issues within America's geologic community in the early twentieth century. But it also can be read as a cautionary tale about science and society." * Natural History Magazine *"Hough's book...touches the history of a subfield of earth science that has been only rarely studied before: seismology." * H-Net *"This book is historical and biographical writing at its very best." * Environment and History *"The Great Quake Debate gives all readers—historians, scientists, and interested non-experts—excellent insights into the unfolding of scientific community and scientific investigations of earthquakes in the United States, a topic crucial to public and private life then, and still." * Pacific Historical Review *

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Book SynopsisA vibrant, diverse history of Vesuvius and the Bay of Naples in the age of RomanticismTrade Review“Best of all, Volcanic succeeds by showing the enduring draw of Vesuvius. . . . This is a polyphonic chorus of different voices and stories guided by such a stylish documentarian. . . . Momentous and spellbinding.”—Caroline Eden, Financial Times “A splendid work of historical archaeology. . . . Mr. Brewer writes as a literary and art critic as well as a historian—and he writes beautifully.”—Jeffrey Collins, Wall Street Journal“An entertaining social history. . . . [Brewer’s] account rests on the rare survival of a visitors’ book from 1826–8. . . . A fascinating and complex story, reflected by the mountain, itself an icon of destruction and renewal.”—Suzi Feay, The Guardian“[An] endlessly fascinating microhistory. . . . [Brewer’s] baroque prose is perfectly apt for his romantic subjects, all of whom were obsessed with the sublime.”—Pratinav Anil, Times (UK)“Vigorous and vividly detailed . . . deep scholarship sparked by serendipity.”—Lucy Hughes-Hallett, Times Literary Supplement“Brewer offers a series of lively pen portraits, interspersed with sociological sketches and glimpses of politics, science, painting, antiquarianism and more. . . . An extremely learned and companionable guide.”—Seamus Perry, Literary ReviewListed in New Statesman’s Best Books of the Academic Presses, 2023“An absorbing study by a master historian, Volcanic chronicles our fleeting attempts to comprehend, control and shape an unmasterable force of nature.” —Jeffrey Collins, The Australian“[A] brilliant study. . . . Such humility and respect for the natural world has never felt more apt nor urgent.”—Jacqueline Riding, Country Life“Brewer’s sweeping account is an enjoyable read rich in rigorous original research, thoughtful analysis and engaging storytelling. Like those travellers scaling the slopes under the watchful eyes of Salvatore Madonna, we couldn’t hope for a better guide.”—Emily Brand, BBC History Magazine“This is an exceptional book, a master class of historical writing, imagination and insight.”—John A. Davis, author of Naples and Napoleon“Vesuvius was a dramatic natural curiosity few travellers engaged in the Grand Tour could resist. By tracing the steps of visitors, guides and naturalists, Brewer writes a fascinating history of marvel and knowledge, strong emotions and leisure.”—Pietro Corsi, author of Science and Religion“In Volcanic, John Brewer animates the Vesuvius of the Romantic era, from the tourist throngs and guides who made the volcano their business, to the movers, shakers, savants and scientists whose works and lives intersected around this grand, natural laboratory. This is a rich, entertaining and illuminating account of the cultural milieu of continental Europe’s liveliest volcano.”—David Pyle, author of Volcano: Encounters Through the Ages“In this magnetic, densely populated, account of Vesuvius, Brewer moves at ease between the intensely close-focus and the universal. The volcano, nerve-wracking yet thrilling in its unpredictability, mesmerised individuals and even mirrored political reverberations in Europe and beyond. Brewer has captured Vesuvius in its Romantic entirety: he has written a remarkable book.”—Gillian Darley, author of Vesuvius: The Most Famous Volcano in the World

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Book SynopsisDescribes and assesses the varied economic benefits derived from modernizing and expanding seismic monitoring activities in the United States. These benefits include more effective loss avoidance regulations and strategies, improved understanding of earthquake processes, better engineering design, and more.Table of Contents1 Front Matter; 2 Executive Summary; 3 1 Introduction; 4 2 The Role of Seismic Monitoring in Decision-Making; 5 3 Conceptual Framework for Benefit Estimation and a Taxonomy of Benefits; 6 4 Benefits from Improved Earthquake Hazard Assessment and Forecasting; 7 5 Benefits from Improved Loss Estimation Models; 8 6 Benefits from Performance-Based Engineering; 9 7 Benefits for Emergency Response and Recovery; 10 8 Integrating the Benefits--Conclusions and Recommendations; 11 References; 12 Appendix A: Excerpts from Bernknopf et al. (1993), "Societal Value of Geologic Maps"; 13 Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographies; 14 Appendix C: Acronyms and Abbreviations

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Book SynopsisMixing memoir, travel and popular science, Adventures in Volcanoland is written with warmth and lyricism and a captivating fascination with these mountains of fire that will show how they have and continue to shape our planet, and its future.

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Book SynopsisGeologically Active contains over 500 papers from 44 countries worldwide, which were presented at the 11th Congress of the IAEG, and includes the state-of-the-art on practise in engineering geology. Engineering geology now extends into a host of linked fields: disaster risk management and climate change, preservation of lifelines, geophysics, interpretation of satellite imagery, communication, instrumentation, mining, tunnelling, groundwater, rehabilitation and brown-field development, wine, recyclable materials, ethics, and education. Communication with non-specialists and developing green' solutions has never been more important and the industry is evolving tools and emerging ideas to more appropriately achieve this. This volume brings together engineering, science and practice to focus on the very real effects of active geological processes on communities and infrastructure and their development. The theme of Geologically Active is developed through five Table of ContentsTheme 1. Geohazards at the leading edge Theme 2. Managing geological risk Theme 3. Advances in engineering geology Theme 4. Applied engineering geology Theme 5. Evolving engineering geology

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Book SynopsisComplete, practical coverage of the evaluation, analysis, and design and code requirements of seismic isolation systems. Based on the concept of reducing seismic demand rather than increasing the earthquake resistance capacity of structures, seismic isolation is a surprisingly simple approach to earthquake protection. However, proper application of this technology within complex seismic design code requirements is both complicated and difficult. Design of Seismic Isolated Structures provides complete, up-to-date coverage of seismic isolation, complete with a systematic development of concepts in theory and practical application supplemented by numerical examples. This book helps design professionals navigate and understand the ideas and procedures involved in the analysis, design, and development of specifications for seismic isolated structures. It also provides a framework for satisfying code requirements while retaining the favorable cost-effective and damaTable of ContentsDevelopment of Seismic Isolation Worldwide. Theoretical Basis of Seismic Isolation. Isolation System Components. Code Provisions for Seismic Isolation. Mechanical Characteristics and Modeling of Isolators. Buckling and Stability of Elastomeric Isolators. Design Earthquake Ground Motions. Design Examples. Computer Applications. Specifications for Design, Manufacturing, and Testing of Isolation Devices. Appendix. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisEmphasizes actual structural design, not analysis, of multistory buildings for seismic resistance. Strong emphasis is placed on specific detailing requirements for construction.Table of Contents1. Introduction: Concepts of Seismic Design 1 2. Causes and Effects of Earthquakes: Seismicity—Structural Response--Seismic Action 47 3. Principles of Member Design 95 4. Reinforced Concrete Ductile Frames 158 5. Structural Walls 362 6. Dual Systems 500 7. Masonry Structures 532 8. Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Restricted Ductility 639 9. Foundation Structures 662 Appendix A Approximate Elastic Analysis of Frames Subjected to Lateral Forces 696 Appendix B Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale 706 Symbols 708 References 719 Index 735

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the seismic design and retrofit of bridges. It provides detailed information on the seismic considerations in the design of a wide range of substructures including beam and slab, box girder, arch, cable, stayed, and suspension bridges.Table of ContentsSeismic Design Philosophy for Bridges. Seismicity and Geotechnical Considerations. Conceptual Design. Modeling and Analysis. Design. Design of Bridges Using Isolation and Dissipation Devices. Seismic Assessment of Existing Bridges. Retrofit Design. References. List of Symbols. Index.

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Book SynopsisWritten for engineers without a background in seismic design. Provides design standards and parameters, explaining how to interpret and apply them. Examines and recommends procedures to accommodate the enormous forces and variations in effects common to major earthquakes. Covers practical aspects of soil behavior and structural and foundation design. Gives tips on special construction situations: foundations, dams and retaining walls, strengthening existing structures and construction over active faults.Table of ContentsCAUSES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTHQUAKES. Basics. Concepts and Definitions. Seismological Evaluation. Geological Evaluation. Forms of Ground Motions. Selecting Design Motions. SELECTION OF THE DESIGN MOTIONS FOR EARTHQUAKES. Maps of Seismic Zones and Seismic Ground Motions. Procedures for Selecting Earthquake Ground Motions. Role of Codes and Empirical Procedures. DESIGNS FOR EARTHQUAKES. Acquisition and Evaluation of Geotechnical Data. Landslides and Slope Stability. Liquefaction. Foundation Design. Structural Design. Retaining Structures. Dams. Construction Over Active Faults. Strengthening Existing Structures. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisExamines modern disaster response in Japan, from the changing earthquake preparations and regulations, to immediate emergency procedures from the national, prefectural, and city levels, and finally the evolving efforts of rebuilding and preparing for the next great disaster in the hopes of minimizing their tragic effects.

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Book SynopsisVolcanoes & Earthquakes features the earth sciences at their most spectacular. It reveals the massive internal forces that create and change the Earth's surface, with dramatic and sometimes beautiful consequences.

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Book SynopsisWhat if Troy was not destroyed in the epic battle immortalized by Homer? This work brings the scientific evidence to bear on biblical accounts, mythology, and the archaeological record to explore how ancient and modern earthquakes have shaped history - and, for some civilizations, seemingly heralded the end of the world.Trade Review"[Amos Nur] posits seismicity--rather than invaders or social forces--as the prime dynamic behind the fall of ancient civilizations. Nur engages in what we might call archaeological detective work--looking at the positions of human remains, for instance, to determine cause of death--his book is focused and intense."--David Ulin, Los Angeles Times Book Review "[A] deeply researched and compellingly written book. Apocalypse is a winning combination of cautious interdisciplinary investigation and interpretation, writing suitable for a general readership, and excellent illustrations. Although it will deliberately irritate many archaeologists, it should also provoke a serious reconsideration of the archaeological record. [T]he evidence for earthquakes in prehistorical change may be staring archaeologists in the face."--Andrew Robinson, Nature "The theory that earthquakes may have caused the destruction of many ancient cities is unpopular and controversial. Amos Nur's book illustrated these ideas with convincing prose and meticulous research. Nur introduces the reader to a relatively new science...called Archaeoseismology. The reader will dosciver that the earthquakes that have occurred in the more recent times...have parallels to the remnants of destruction left from earthquakes in the distant past. Apocalypse is a result of [Nur's] determined effort to expell the fallacies in archaeology with the hard science of geophysics."--Lee Gooden, ForeWord Magazine "In Apocalypse...Amos Nur compellingly proposes seismic sources for civilizational collapses that the Bible and the Classics attribute to other causes."--Anneli Rufus, East Bay Express "[Amos Nur] delivers a fascinating mini-course full of detail, speculation and a challenge to previous archaeological interpretations. Nur examines the record of earthquakes in the seismically active 'Holy Land.' [R]eaders, regardless of religious persuasion, will appreciate the connections between geological and archaeological evidence and sections of the Bible. Both believers and athiests will enjoy pondering Nur's discussions of material from the Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls."--Fred Bortz, Seattle Times "Apocalypse ... is Nur's attempt to present the fresh-faced discipline of earthquake archaeology to a wider public audience."--Iain Stewart, Times Higher Education "In Apocalypse, Nur argues that historical earthquake events explain most of the destruction of several well-known Near East settlements... This volume makes a fine--albeit controversial--contribution to traditional perspectives."--M. Evans, Choice "Nur's book provides a clear, fast-reading, yet cautious and measured account of what archaeologists truly need to know about the geology and physics of earthquakes... The text is liberally sprinkled with prime examples from both the Old and New Worlds. If you work in a seismic area, you owe it to yourself to curl up with this gem."--E.W. Barber, American Journal of Archaeology "[T]he writing is very approachable, and the book is accessible to a broader audience, including geophysicists and the general public. I found it an enjoyable read and was interested to learn about this intersection of geophysics and archeology and also to be reminded of details from long-forgotten ancient history classes."--Seth S. Haines, Leading Edge "Recognizing earthquake damage in the shifted foundations and toppled arches of historic ruins is vital today because the scientific record of world earthquake risks is still incomplete. Apocalypse explains where and why ancient earthquakes struck and could strike again."--MCEER Information Service "No doubt, seldom could any book be so provoking in discussions on geophysical contributions to societal collapse in ancient times as Apocalypse is."--Marek Lewandowski, Pure and Applied Geophysics "Having read this book with interest it is clear that there is far more evidence for earthquake activity in the archaeological record than we currently acknowledge and that archaeologists need to treat the phenomenon with greater regard. The book is well written and highly accessible and the partnership of Nur and Burgess has clearly worked to the benefit of the reader."--John Grattan, Journal of Archaeological Science "Does this study, which chronicles the history and archaeology of ancient and modern earthquakes in both the Near East and the eastern Mediterranean region, warrant the attention of scholars and interested laymen? Absolutely!"--William S. Arnett, HistorianTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1: King Agamemnon's Capital 11 Chapter 2: How Earthquakes Happen 32 Chapter 3: History, Myth, and the Reliability of the Written Record 65 Chapter 4: Clues to Earthquakes in the Archaeological Record 88 Chapter 5: Under the Rubble: Human Casualties of Earthquakes 141 Chapter 6: Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls: Destruction That Preserves? 162 Chapter 7: Expanding the Earthquake Record in the Holy Land 186 Chapter 8: Earthquake Storms and the Catastrophic End of the Bronze Age 224 Chapter 9: Rumblings and Revolutions: Political Effects of Earthquakes 246 Chapter 10: Earthquakes and Societal Collapse 272 Glossary 279 References 289 Index 305

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Book SynopsisEarthquake and Volcano Deformation is the first textbook to present the mechanical models of earthquake and volcanic processes, emphasizing earth-surface deformations that can be compared with observations from Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, Interferometric Radar (InSAR), and borehole strain- and tiltmeters. Paul Segall provides the physical and mathematical fundamentals for the models used to interpret deformation measurements near active faults and volcanic centers.Segall highlights analytical methods of continuum mechanics applied to problems of active crustal deformation. Topics include elastic dislocation theory in homogeneous and layered half-spaces, crack models of faults and planar intrusions, elastic fields due to pressurized spherical and ellipsoidal magma chambers, time-dependent deformation resulting from faulting in an elastic layer overlying a viscoelastic half-space and related earthquake cycle models, poroelastic effects due to faulting and magma chamber inflation in a fluid-saturated crust, and the effects of gravity on deformation. He also explains changes in the gravitational field due to faulting and magmatic intrusion, effects of irregular surface topography and earth curvature, and modern concepts in rate- and state-dependent fault friction. This textbook presents sample calculations and compares model predictions against field data from seismic and volcanic settings from around the world.Earthquake and Volcano Deformation requires working knowledge of stress and strain, and advanced calculus. It is appropriate for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in geophysics, geology, and engineering.Professors: A supplementary Instructor''s Manual is available for this book. It is restricted to teachers using the text in courses. For information on how to obtain a copy, refer to: https://press.princeton.edu/class_use/solutions.htmlTrade Review"The book is the first to focus on the models used to relate subsurface fault and magma motion to surface deformation. Based on a course taught by the author at Stanford University at the upper undergraduate to graduate level, the book has been more than a decade in the making. For years, faculty at various institutions (myself included) have begged for incomplete drafts of the manuscript to use as a reference when teaching, so it is satisfying to see the complete work now available to all. It is clearly written and the content is logically presented, as one might expect from material that has been taught to hundreds of students by an excellent teacher... In summary, this is a timely and well-written book that introduces the mathematical tools needed to interpret the onslaught of new surface-deformation data. To find the same material covered in this textbook, a scientist would have to dig through hundreds of scientific papers and books, and even then would not find the topics as clearly presented or accompanied by new advances in the field."--Nature Geoscience "This excellent advanced textbook will most positively impact graduate education and basic and applied research into the science of crustal deformation."--ChoiceTable of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgments xv Origins xvii Chapter 1: Deformation, Stress, and Conservation Laws 1 1.1 Strain 2 1.1.1 Strains in Curvilinear Coordinates 7 1.2 Rotation 9 1.3 Stress 13 1.4 Coordinate Transformations 16 1.5 Principal Strains and Stresses 18 1.6 Compatibility Equations 21 1.7 Conservation Laws 21 1.7.1 Equilibrium Equations in Curvilinear Coordinates 24 1.8 Constitutive Laws 24 1.9 Reciprocal Theorem 27 1.10 Problems 28 1.11 References 30 Chapter 2: Dislocation Models of Strike-Slip Faults 32 2.1 Full-Space Solution 32 2.2 Half-Space Solution 37 2.2.1 Coseismic Faulting 38 2.2.2 Interseismic Deformation 39 2.2.3 Postseismic Slip 42 2.3 Distributed Slip 43 2.4 Application to the San Andreas and Other Strike-Slip Faults 44 2.5 Displacement at Depth 47 2.6 Summary and Perspective 49 2.7 Problems 50 2.8 References 50 Chapter 3: Dip-Slip Faults and Dislocations in Three Dimensions 51 3.1 Volterra's Formula 52 3.1.1 Body Force Equivalents andMoment Tensors 54 3.2 Screw Dislocations 59 3.3 Two-Dimensional Edge Dislocations 60 3.3.1 Dipping Fault 63 3.4 Coseismic Deformation Associated with Dipping Faults 67 3.5 Displacements and Stresses Due to Edge Dislocation at Depth 71 3.6 Dislocations in Three Dimensions 75 3.6.1 Full-Space Green's Functions 75 3.6.2 Half-Space Green's Functions 77 3.6.3 Point-Source Dislocations 78 3.6.4 Finite Rectangular Dislocations 80 3.6.5 Examples 82 3.6.6 Distributed Slip 84 3.7 Strain Energy Change Due to Faulting 86 3.8 Summary and Perspective 87 3.9 Problems 87 3.10 References 90 Chapter 4: Crack Models of Faults 92 4.1 Boundary Integral Method 92 4.1.1 Inversion of the Integral Equation 97 4.2 Displacement on the Earth's Surface 98 4.3 A Brief Introduction to Fracture Mechanics 99 4.4 Nonsingular Stress Distributions 105 4.5 Comparison of Slip Distributions and Surface Displacements 107 4.6 Boundary ElementMethods 110 4.7 Fourier TransformMethods 111 4.8 Some Three-Dimensional Crack Results 113 4.9 Summary and Perspective 114 4.10 Problems 115 4.11 References 117 Chapter 5: Elastic Heterogeneity 118 5.1 Long Strike-Slip Fault Bounding Two Media 118 5.2 Strike-Slip Fault within a Compliant Fault Zone 120 5.3 Strike-Slip Fault beneath a Layer 125 5.4 Strike-Slip within a Layer over Half-Space 129 5.5 Propagator Matrix Methods 131 5.5.1 The Propagator Matrix for Antiplane Deformation 135 5.5.2 Vertical Fault in a Homogeneous Half-Space 136 5.5.3 Vertical Fault within Half-Space beneath a Layer 138 5.5.4 Vertical Fault in Layer over Half-Space 139 5.5.5 General Solution for an Arbitrary Number of Layers 141 5.5.6 Displacements and Stresses at Depth 143 5.5.7 PropagatorMethods for Plane Strain 143 5.6 Propagator Solutions in Three Dimensions 150 5.7 Approximate Solutions for Arbitrary Variations in Properties 154 5.7.1 Variations in Shear Modulus 157 5.7.2 Screw Dislocation 158 5.7.3 Edge Dislocation 159 5.8 Summary and Perspective 159 5.9 Problems 162 5.10 References 164 Chapter 6: Postseismic Relaxation 166 6.1 Elastic Layer over Viscous Channel 169 6.2 Viscoelasticity 172 6.2.1 Correspondence Principle 175 6.3 Strike-Slip Fault in an Elastic Plate Overlying a Viscoelastic Half-Space 176 6.3.1 Stress in Plate and Half-Space 181 6.4 Strike-Slip Fault in Elastic Layer Overlying a Viscoelastic Channel 182 6.5 Dip-Slip Faulting 187 6.5.1 Examples 190 6.6 Three-Dimensional Calculations 191 6.7 Summary and Perspective 193 6.8 Problems 197 6.9 References 198 Chapter 7: Volcano Deformation 200 7.1 Spherical Magma Chamber 203 7.1.1 Center of Dilatation 208 7.1.2 Volume of the Uplift, Magma Chamber, and Magma 212 7.2 EllipsoidalMagma Chambers 214 7.3 Magmatic Pipes and Conduits 225 7.4 Dikes and Sills 229 7.4.1 Crack Models of Dikes and Sills 231 7.4.2 Surface Fracturing and Dike Intrusion 236 7.5 Other Magma Chamber Geometries 237 7.6 Viscoelastic Relaxation around Magma Chambers 240 7.7 Summary and Perspective 248 7.8 Problems 249 7.9 References 252 Chapter 8: Topography and Earth Curvature 255 8.1 Scaling Considerations 259 8.2 Implementation Considerations 260 8.3 Center of Dilatation beneath a Volcano 260 8.4 Earth's Sphericity 261 8.5 Summary and Perspective 263 8.6 Problems 265 8.7 References 265 Chapter 9: Gravitational Effects 267 9.1 Nondimensional Formof Equilibrium Equations 270 9.2 Inclusion in Propagator Matrix Formulation 273 9.3 Surface Gravity Approximation 275 9.4 Gravitational Effects in Viscoelastic Solutions 276 9.4.1 Incompressible Half-Space 277 9.4.2 No-Buoyancy Approximation 278 9.4.3 Wang Approach 279 9.4.4 Comparison of Different Viscoelastic Models 280 9.4.5 Relaxed Viscoelastic Response 282 9.5 Changes in Gravity Induced by Deformation 283 9.5.1 Gravity Changes and Volcano Deformation 289 9.5.2 An Example from Long Valley Caldera, California 292 9.6 Summary and Perspective 292 9.7 Problems 294 9.8 References 295 Chapter 10: Poroelastic Effects 297 10.1 Constitutive Laws 300 10.1.1 Macroscopic Description 300 10.1.2 Micromechanical Description 303 10.2 Field Equations 305 10.3 Analogy to Thermoelasticity 308 10.4 One-Dimensional Deformation 309 10.4.1 Step Load on the Free Surface 310 10.4.2 Time-Varying Fluid Load on the Free Surface 312 10.5 Dislocations in Two Dimensions 313 10.6 Inflating Magma Chamber in a Poroelastic Half-Plane 315 10.7 Cumulative Poroelastic Deformation in Three Dimensions 321 10.8 Specified Pore Pressure Change 324 10.9 Summary and Perspective 328 10.10 Problems 329 10.11 References 330 Chapter 11: Fault Friction 332 11.1 Slip-Weakening Friction 333 11.2 Velocity-Weakening Friction 335 11.3 Rate and State Friction 336 11.3.1 Linearized Stability Analysis 344 11.4 Implications for Earthquake Nucleation 347 11.5 Nonlinear Stability Analysis 357 11.6 Afterslip 360 11.7 Transient Slip Events 366 11.8 Summary and Perspective 367 11.9 Problems 368 11.10 References 369 Chapter 12: Interseismic Deformation and Plate Boundary Cycle Models 372 12.1 Elastic Dislocation Models 372 12.1.1 Dip-Slip Faults 373 12.2 Plate Motions 376 12.3 Elastic BlockModels 378 12.4 Viscoelastic CycleModels 380 12.4.1 Viscoelastic Strike-Slip Earthquake Cycle Models 380 12.4.2 Comparison to Data from San Andreas Fault 386 12.4.3 Viscoelastic Models with Stress-Driven Deep-Fault Creep 389 12.4.4 Viscoelastic CycleModels for Dipping Faults 394 12.5 Rate-State Friction Earthquake CycleModels 407 12.6 Summary and Perspective 409 12.7 Problems 412 12.8 References 413 APPENDIX A: Integral Transforms 415 A.1 Fourier Transforms 415 A.2 Laplace Transforms 416 A.3 References 419 APPENDIX B: A Solution of the Diffusion Equation 420 APPENDIX C: Displacements Due to Crack Model of Strike-Slip Fault by Contour Integration 423 Index 425

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Book SynopsisThe Ansei Edo earthquake shook the shogunâs capital during a year of special religious significance and at a time of particularly vigorous seismic activity. In his investigation of the science, politics, and lore of seismic events in Japan, Gregory Smits examines this earthquake in a broad historical context.

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Book SynopsisThe Atlas of Minerals and Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks in Thin-section provides the geology student and geoscientist with a stunning new color atlas of the main rock-forming minerals and igneous and metamorphic rocks in thin-section. It showcases minerals in various settings and degrees of alteration and preservation to allow users to best identify their own specimens in practice. Chapters highlight the distinctive characteristics used to identify different minerals. Building on this base, following chapters describe rock textures and types, summarising their petrogenesis within a plate tectonic framework. This book also includes insights into how information from photomicrographs can be studied using modern analytical methods, increasing understanding of geological processes. This Atlas is an indispensable reference textbook for all facilities that use a petrographic microscope, for professional geoscientists, and as an aid for any student studying minerals and rocks.

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of Principles of Seismology has been extensively revised and updated to present a modern approach to observation seismology and the theory behind digital seismograms. It includes: a new chapter on Earthquakes, Earth''s structure and dynamics; a considerably revised chapter on instrumentation, with new material on processing of modern digital seismograms and a list of website hosting data and seismological software; and 100 end-of-chapter problems. The fundamental physical concepts on which seismic theory is based are explained in full detail with step-by-step development of the mathematical derivations, demonstrating the relationship between motions recorded in digital seismograms and the mechanics of deformable bodies. With chapter introductions and summaries, numerous examples, newly drafted illustrations and new color figures, and an updated bibliography and reference list, this intermediate-level textbook is designed to help students develop the skills to tackle Trade Review'Principles of Seismology is a comprehensive introduction covering all basic concepts and observations in seismology. This updated and extended 2nd edition has kept its emphasis on fundamental theoretical principles and observations, and is an essential reference and valuable resource as an intermediate-level text book for all students and researchers in geoscience.' Torsten Dahm, GeoForschungsZentrum, PotsdamThis is an excellent book that covers broad subjects with emphasis on long-lived basic principles of seismology. The recent advancement in instrumentation, computer, and high-quality data has made it very easy to perform seismological research. A downside is proliferation of black-box science without good understanding of the basic principles. This book provides all essential basic concepts and theories that are necessary to perform respectable research using modern seismological data, and is highly recommendable to the students who want to do serious research. Actually, I found it also very useful for seasoned seismologists like myself who have forgotten some basic concepts.' Hiroo Kanamori, California Institute of Technology'This heavily revised and updated edition of Principles of Seismology contains brand new chapters on Earthquakes and modern seismic Instrumentation. It also gives a detailed historical development on various aspects of seismology with many text and website references. An essential addition to one's library of seismology textbooks.' Shamita Das, University of OxfordTable of Contents1. Seismology. The science of earthquakes; 2. Earthquakes, Earth's structure and dynamics; 3. Instrumentation and digital data processing; 4. Basic concepts and equations of an elastic medium; 5. Waves in an infinite elastic medium; 6. Reflection and refraction; 7. Body wave propagation in layered media; 8. Ray theory. Media of constant velocity; 9. Ray theory media of variable velocity; 10. Ray theory spherical media; 11. Travel times and the structure of the Earth; 12. Surface waves; 13. Wave dispersion. Phase and group velocities; 14. Free oscillations of the Earth. Theory and observations; 15. Anelasticity and anisotropy; 16. Focal parameters of earthquakes; 17. Basic theory of earthquake mechanism; 18. The seismic moment tensor; 19. Simple models of fracture; 20. Methods of determination of source mechanisms; 21. Seismicity, seismotectonics, seismic risk, and prediction.

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Book SynopsisThe relatively young theory of structured dependence between stochastic processes has many real-life applications in areas including finance, insurance, seismology, neuroscience, and genetics. With this monograph, the first to be devoted to the modeling of structured dependence between random processes, the authors not only meet the demand for a solid theoretical account but also develop a stochastic processes counterpart of the classical copula theory that exists for finite-dimensional random variables. Presenting both the technical aspects and the applications of the theory, this is a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners in the field, as well as for graduate students in pure and applied mathematics programs. Numerous theoretical examples are included, alongside examples of both current and potential applications, aimed at helping those who need to model structured dependence between dynamic random phenomena.Trade Review'This is a timely book on an important topic, and it is well written.' John Masson Noble, MathSciNet'The authors follow good traditions, starting with exact definitions, commenting on essential properties, asking appropriate questions, formulating theorems, lemmas or propositions and giving explicit conditions under which complete proofs are provided for the statements.' Jordan M. Stoyanov, zbMATHTable of Contents1. Introduction; Part I. Consistencies: 2. Strong Markov consistency of multivariate Markov families and processes; 3. Consistency of finite multivariate Markov chains; 4. Consistency of finite multivariate conditional Markov chains; 5. Consistency of multivariate special semimartingales; Part II. Structures: 6. Strong Markov family structures; 7. Markov chain structures; 8. Conditional Markov chain structures; 9. Special semimartingale structures Part III. Further Developments: 10. Archimedean survival processes, Markov consistency, ASP structures; 11. Generalized multivariate Hawkes processes; Part IV. Applications of Stochastic Structures: 12. Applications of stochastic structures; Appendix A. Stochastic analysis: selected concepts and results used in this book; Appendix B. Markov processes and Markov families; Appendix C. Finite Markov chains: auxiliary technical framework; Appendix D. Crash course on conditional Markov chains and on doubly stochastic Markov chains; Appendix E. Evolution systems and semigroups of linear operators; Appendix F. Martingale problem: some new results needed in this book; Appendix G. Function spaces and pseudo-differential operators; References; Notation index; Subject index.

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Book SynopsisVolcanic Islands (1844) contains detailed geological descriptions of locations visited during the Beagle's voyage including Cape Verde, Ascension Island, St Helena, the Galápagos, and parts of Australia and South Africa. It includes woodcuts, maps and sketches, and provides valuable insights into the development of Darwin's ideas on geology.Table of Contents1. St. Jago, in the Cape de Verde archipelago; 2. Fernando Noronha; 3. Ascension; 4. St. Helena; 5. Galapagos archipelago; 6. Trachyte and basalt. Distribution of volcanic isles; 7. New South Wales; Appendix: Description of fossil shells G. B. Sowerby; Description of fossil corals from the Palaeozoic formation of Van Diemen's Land W. Lonsdale; Index.

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