Materials science Books

Book SynopsisThe study of solids is one of the richest, most exciting, and most successful branches of physics. While the subject of solid state physics is often viewed as dry and tedious this new book presents the topic instead as an exciting exposition of fundamental principles and great intellectual breakthroughs. Beginning with a discussion of how the study of heat capacity of solids ushered in the quantum revolution, the author presents the key ideas of the field while emphasizing the deep underlying concepts. The book begins with a discussion of the Einstein/Debye model of specific heat, and the Drude/Sommerfeld theories of electrons in solids, which can all be understood without reference to any underlying crystal structure. The failures of these theories force a more serious investigation of microscopics. Many of the key ideas about waves in solids are then introduced using one dimensional models in order to convey concepts without getting bogged down with details. Only then does the book turn to consider real materials. Chemical bonding is introduced and then atoms can be bonded together to crystal structures and reciprocal space results. Diffraction experiments, as the central application of these ideas, are discussed in great detail. From there, the connection is made to electron wave diffraction in solids and how it results in electronic band structure. The natural culmination of this thread is the triumph of semiconductor physics and devices. The final section of the book considers magnetism in order to discuss a range of deeper concepts. The failures of band theory due to electron interaction, spontaneous magnetic orders, and mean field theories are presented well. Finally, the book gives a brief exposition of the Hubbard model that undergraduates can understand. The book presents all of this material in a clear fashion, dense with explanatory or just plain entertaining footnotes. This may be the best introductory book for learning solid state physics. It is certainly the most fun to read.Trade ReviewThe style of the book is very accessible for undergraduates. The topics are well motivated and the explanations are clear, helped by a generous set of figures for illustration. This textbook may well establish itself as an alternative to the available classics. * Derek Lee, Imperial College London *The author, Steven Simon, is well known as an insightful scientist and an engaging and witty speaker, and it is a pleasure to see how well his talents translate to the printed page. He has re-examined with a modern eye the question of which topics should be covered in a student's first exposure to the physics of solids. My impression is that his presentation of those topics will be accessible for the student, illuminating for the expert, and entertaining for all. * Joel E. Moore, University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory *This textbook provides a clear and compact coverage of essential topics in introductory solid state physics. It also goes beyond the usual introductory level by providing more detailed mathematical treatment, but more importantly by providing a commentary to explain the physical significance of mathematical treatments. * Gavin Mountjoy, University of Kent *Table of ContentsPART I: SOLIDS WITHOUT CONSIDERING MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE: THE EARLY DAYS OF SOLID STATE; PART II: STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS; PART III: TOY MODELS OF SOLIDS IN ONE DIMENSION; PART IV: GEOMETRY OF SOLIDS; PART V: NEUTRON AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION; PART VI: ELECTRONS IN SOLIDS; PART VII: MAGNETISM AND MEAN FIELD THEORIES

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Book SynopsisWhat does it mean to live in a material world, and how do materials of the past and present hold the keys to our future? This book tackles these questions by focusing on various issues that human beings face and by discussing potential materials-related solutions. Through the lens of intriguing projects by designers, artists, makers, and scientists, it presents a colorful panoply of ideas, technologies, and creative efforts that focus on the earth's most basic elements, while also showing how these elements can be transformed into entirely new materials. It explores, for example, how ancient practices such as dyeing fabric and making glue may hold the secret to renewable and earth-friendly consumer products, as well as how recycling plastics can tackle food waste, and how a type of light metal being developed may one day make air travel less fuel-reliant. This book also investigates the potential of the digital experience, suggesting how this most ephemeral type of matter can be used to improve our world. Eye-catching and provocative, Why Materials Matter serves as both a stimulating catalog of possibilities and a timely manifesto on how to consume, manufacture, and design for a better future.Trade Review“Accessible and filled with beautiful imagery, Why Materials Matter helps question the substances and industrial techniques we take for granted.” -Metropolis

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Book SynopsisJames F. Shackelford has BS and MS degrees in Ceramic Engineering from the University of Washington and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of California, Berkeley. Following a postdoctoral fellowship at McMaster University in Canada, he joined the University of California, Davis, where he is currently Distinguished Professor Emeritus in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering. For many years, he served as the Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies in the College of Engineering and later as the Director of the University Honors Program that serves students from a wide spectrum of majors. Dr. Shackelford also served as Associate Director for Education for the National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology (CBST) and as Faculty Assistant to the Director of the McClellan Nuclear Research Center (MNRC) of UC Davis. He teaches and conducts research in the structural characterization and pTable of Contents Materials for Engineering 1.1 The Material World 1.2 Materials Science and Engineering 1.3 Six Materials That Changed Your World STEEL BRIDGES—INTRODUCING METALS TRANSPARENT OXIDES—INTRODUCING CERAMICS SMARTPHONES AND TABLETS—INTRODUCING GLASSES NYLON PARACHUTES—INTRODUCING POLYMERS KEVLAR®-REINFORCED TIRES—INTRODUCINGCOMPOSITES SILICON CHIPS—INTRODUCING SEMICONDUCTORS 1.4 Processing and Selecting Materials 1.5 Looking at Materials by Powers of Ten PARTI: The Fundamentals Atomic Bonding 2.1 Atomic Structure 2.2 The Ionic Bond COORDINATION NUMBER 2.3 The Covalent Bond 2.4 The Metallic Bond 2.5 The Secondary, or van der Waals, Bond 2.6 Materials—The Bonding Classification Crystalline Structure—Perfection 3.1 Seven Systems and Fourteen Lattices 3.2 Metal Structures 3.3 Ceramic Structures Crystal Defects and Noncrystalline Structure—Imperfection 4.1 The Solid Solution—Chemical Imperfection 4.2 Point Defects—Zero-Dimensional Imperfections 4.3 Linear Defects, or Dislocations—One-Dimensional Imperfections 4.4 Planar Defects—Two-Dimensional Imperfections 4.5 Noncrystalline Solids—Three-Dimensional Imperfections Diffusion 5.1 Thermally Activated Processes 5.2 Thermal Production of Point Defects 5.3 Point Defects and Solid-State Diffusion 5.4 Steady-State Diffusion 5.5 Alternate Diffusion Paths Mechanical Behavior 6.1 Stress Versus Strain METALS CERAMICS AND GLASSES POLYMERS 6.2 Elastic Deformation 6.3 Plastic Deformation 6.4 Hardness 6.5 Creep and Stress Relaxation 6.6 Viscoelastic Deformation INORGANIC GLASSES ORGANIC POLYMERS ELASTOMERS Thermal Behavior 7.1 Heat Capacity 7.2 Thermal Expansion 7.3 Thermal Conductivity 7.4 Thermal Shock Failure Analysis and Prevention 8.1 Impact Energy 8.2 Fracture Toughness 8.3 Fatigue 8.4 Nondestructive Testing 8.5 Failure Analysis and Prevention Phase Diagrams—Equilibrium Microstructural Development 9.1 The Phase Rule 9.2 The Phase Diagram COMPLETE SOLID SOLUTION EUTECTIC DIAGRAM WITH NO SOLID SOLUTION EUTECTIC DIAGRAM WITH LIMITED SOLID SOLUTION EUTECTOID DIAGRAM PERITECTIC DIAGRAM GENERAL BINARY DIAGRAMS 9.3 The Lever Rule 9.4 Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling Time—The Third Dimension 10.1 Time—The Third Dimension 10.2 The TTT Diagram DIFFUSIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS DIFFUSIONLESS (MARTENSITIC) TRANSFORMATIONS HEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL 10.3 Hardenability 10.4 Precipitation Hardening 10.5 Annealing COLD WORK RECOVERY RECRYSTALLIZATION GRAIN GROWTH 10.6 The Kinetics of Phase Transformations for Nonmetals PART II: Materials and Their Applications Structural Materials—Metals, Ceramics, and Glasses 11.1 Metals FERROUS ALLOYS NONFERROUS ALLOYS 11.2 Ceramics and Glasses CERAMICS—CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS GLASSES—NONCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS GLASS-CERAMICS 11.3 Processing the Structural Materials PROCESSING OF METALS PROCESSING OF CERAMICS AND GLASSES Structural Materials—Polymers and Composites Polymers POLYMERIZATION STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF POLYMERS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS THERMOSETTING POLYMERS ADDITIVES 12.2 Composites FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES AGGREGATE COMPOSITES PROPERTY AVERAGING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITES 12.3 Processing the Structural Materials PROCESSING OF POLYMERS PROCESSING OF COMPOSITES Electronic Materials 13.1 Charge Carriers and Conduction 13.2 Energy Levels and Energy Bands 13.3 Conductors THERMOCOUPLES SUPERCONDUCTORS 13.4 Insulators FERROELECTRICS PIEZOELECTRICS 13.5 Semiconductors INTRINSIC, ELEMENTAL SEMICONDUCTORS EXTRINSIC, ELEMENTAL SEMICONDUCTORS COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTORS SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 13.6 Composites 13.7 Electrical Classification of Materials Optical and Magnetic Materials 14.1 Optical Materials OPTICAL PROPERTIES OPTICAL SYSTEMS AND DEVICES 14.2 Magnetic Materials FERROMAGNETISM FERRIMAGNETISM METALLIC MAGNETS CERAMIC MAGNETS Materials in Engineering Design 15.1 Material Properties—Engineering Design Parameters 15.2 Selection of Structural Materials—Case Studies MATERIALS FOR HIP- AND KNEE-JOINT REPLACEMENT METAL SUBSTITUTION WITH COMPOSITES 15.3 Selection of Electronic, Optical, and Magnetic Materials—Case Studies LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE GLASS FOR SMART PHONE AND TABLET TOUCHSCREENS AMORPHOUS METAL FOR ELECTRIC-POWERDISTRIBUTION 15.4 Materials and Our Environment ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF MATERIALS ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF DESIGN RECYCLING AND REUSE APPENDIX1: Physical and Chemical Data for the Elements APPENDIX 2: Atomic and Ionic Radii of the Elements APPENDIX 3: Constants and Conversion Factors and the Periodic Table of Elements APPENDIX 4: Properties of the Structural Materials APPENDIX 5: Properties of the Electronic, Optical, and Magnetic Materials APPENDIX 6: Glossary Answers to Practice Problems (PP) and Odd-Numbered Problems Index

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsContents 12 Kinematics of a Particle 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Rectilinear Kinematics: Continuous Motion 12.3 Rectilinear Kinematics: Erratic Motion 12.4 General Curvilinear Motion 12.5 Curvilinear Motion: Rectangular Components 12.6 Motion of a Projectile 12.7 Curvilinear Motion: Normal and Tangential Components 12.8 Curvilinear Motion: Cylindrical Components 12.9 Absolute Dependent Motion Analysis of Two Particles 12.10 Relative-Motion of Two Particles Using Translating Axes 13 Kinetics of a Particle: Force and Acceleration 13.1 Newton’s Second Law of Motion 13.2 The Equation of Motion 13.3 Equation of Motion for a System of Particles 13.4 Equations of Motion: Rectangular Coordinates 13.5 Equations of Motion: Normal and Tangential Coordinates 13.6 Equations of Motion: Cylindrical Coordinates *13.7 Central-Force Motion and Space Mechanics 14 Kinetics of a Particle: Work and Energy 14.1 The Work of a Force 14.2 Principle of Work and Energy 14.3 Principle of Work and Energy for a System of Particles 14.4 Power and Efficiency 14.5 Conservative Forces and Potential Energy 14.6 Conservation of Energy 15 Kinetics of a Particle: Impulse and Momentum 15.1 Principle of Linear Impulse and Momentum 15.2 Principle of Linear Impulse and Momentum for a System of Particles 15.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum for a System of Particles 15.4 Impact 15.5 Angular Momentum 15.6 Relation Between Moment of a Force and Angular Momentum 15.7 Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum 15.8 Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream *15.9 Propulsion with Variable Mass 16 Planar Kinematics of a Rigid Body 16.1 Planar Rigid-Body Motion 16.2 Translation 16.3 Rotation about a Fixed Axis 16.4 Absolute Motion Analysis 16.5 Relative-Motion Analysis: Velocity 16.6 Instantaneous Center of Zero Velocity 16.7 Relative-Motion Analysis: Acceleration 16.8 Relative-Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes 17 Planar Kinetics of a Rigid Body: Force and Acceleration 17.1 Mass Moment of Inertia 17.2 Planar Kinetic Equations of Motion 17.3 Equations of Motion: Translation 17.4 Equations of Motion: Rotation about a Fixed Axis 17.5 Equations of Motion: General Plane Motion 18 Planar Kinetics of a Rigid Body: Work and Energy 18.1 Kinetic Energy 18.2 The Work of a Force 18.3 The Work of a Couple Moment 18.4 Principle of Work and Energy 18.5 Conservation of Energy 19 Planar Kinetics of a Rigid Body: Impulse and Momentum 19.1 Linear and Angular Momentum 19.2 Principle of Impulse and Momentum 19.3 Conservation of Momentum *19.4 Eccentric Impact 20 Three-Dimensional Kinematics of a Rigid Body 20.1 Rotation About a Fixed Point *20.2 The Time Derivative of a Vector Measured from Either a Fixed or Translating-Rotating System 20.3 General Motion *20.4 Relative-Motion Analysis Using Translating and Rotating Axes 21 Three-Dimensional Kinetics of a Rigid Body *21.1 Moments and Products of Inertia 21.2 Angular Momentum 21.3 Kinetic Energy *21.4 Equations of Motion *21.5 Gyroscopic Motion 21.6 Torque-Free Motion 22 Vibrations *22.1 Undamped Free Vibration *22.2 Energy Methods *22.3 Undamped Forced Vibration *22.4 Viscous Damped Free Vibration *22.5 Viscous Damped Forced Vibration *22.6 Electrical Circuit Analogs A Mathematical Expressions B Vector Analysis C The Chain Rule Fundamental Problem

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Book SynopsisTo prepare materials engineers and scientists of the future, Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering is designed to present diverse topics in the field with appropriate breadth and depth. The strength of the book is in its focus on key concepts in science of materials (basic knowledge) followed by application of scientific principles in selection and engineering of materials (applied knowledge). This textbook is suitable for both an introductory course in materials at the sophomore level and a more advanced (junior/senior level) second course in materials science and engineering.This title is available in Connect, featuring SmartBook, Application-Based Activities, Critical Point Questions, and the MHEbook.Table of Contents1 Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering2 Atomic Structure and Bonding3 Crystal and Amorphous Structures in Materials4 Solidification and Crystalline Imperfections5 Thermally Activated Processes and Diffusion in Solids6 Mechanical Properties of Metals I7 Mechanical Properties of Metals II8 Phase Diagrams9 Engineering Alloys10 Polymeric Materials11 Ceramics12 Composite Materials13 Corrosion14 Electrical Properties of Materials15 Optical Properties and Superconductive Materials16 Magnetic Properties17 Biological and Biomaterials

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Book SynopsisTopological Phases of Matter are an exceptionally dynamic field of research: several of the most exciting recent experimental discoveries and conceptual advances in modern physics have originated in this field. These have generated new, topological, notions of order, interactions and excitations. This text provides an accessible, unified and comprehensive introduction to the phenomena surrounding topological matter, with detailed expositions of the underlying theoretical tools and conceptual framework, alongside accounts of the central experimental breakthroughs. Among the systems covered are topological insulators, magnets, semimetals, and superconductors. The emergence of new particles with remarkable properties such as fractional charge and statistics is discussed alongside possible applications such as fault-tolerant topological quantum computing. Suitable as a textbook for graduate or advanced undergraduate students, or as a reference for more experienced researchers, the book assTrade Review'… a timely and valuable introduction to the most important theoretical concepts in the topological study of matter … brief treatment of a vast, rapidly evolving subject that currently dominates condensed matter physics … This book is appropriate for physics collections within all university libraries.' M. C. Ogilvie, Choice ConnectTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction; 2. Basic concepts of topology and condensed matter; 3. Integer topological phases; 4. Geometry and topology of wavefunctions in crystals; 5. Hydrogen atoms for fractionalisation; 6. Gauge and topological field theories; 7. Topology in gapless matter; 8. Disorder and defects in topological phases; 9. Topological quantum computation via non-Abelian statistics; 10. Topology out of equilibrium; 11. Symmetry, topology, and information; Appendix; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisAn understanding of the quantum mechanical nature of magnetism has led to the development of new magnetic materials which are used as permanent magnets, sensors, and information storage. Behind these practical applications lie a range of fundamental ideas, including symmetry breaking, order parameters, excitations, frustration, and reduced dimensionality.This superb new textbook presents a logical account of these ideas, staring from basic concepts in electromagnetsim and quantum mechanics. It outlines the origin of magnetic moments in atoms and how these moments can be affected by their local environment inside a crystal. The different types of interactions which can be present between magnetic moments are described. The final chapters of the book are devoted to the magnetic properties of metals, and to the complex behaviour which can occur when competing magnetic interactions are present and/or the system has a reduced dimensionality. Throughout the text, the theorectical principles are applied to real systems. There is substantial discussion of experimental techniques and current reserach topics. The book is copiously illustrated and contains detailed appendices which cover the fundamental principles.Trade ReviewI can warmly recommend this book to anyone considering giving a course on magnetism and for those students of condensed matter physics, who have no access to such a course ... it is also very useful and enjoyable reading for those who have been working in magnetism for some time and have felt the lack of a systematic review of the subject. * Contemporary Physics *... the reader or student obtains a very thorough and systematic background in which to place the large variety of subject matter. * Contemporary Physics *Table of Contents1. Introduction ; 2. Isolated magnetic moments ; 3. Environments ; 4. Interactions ; 5. Order and magnetic structures ; 6. Order and broken symmetry ; 7. Magnetism in metals ; 8. Competing interactions and low dimensionality ; Appendix A: Units in electromagnetism ; Appendix B: Electromagnetism ; Appendix C: Quantum and atomic physics ; Appendix D: Energy in magnetism and demagnetism ; Appendix E: Statistical mechanics ; Appendix F: List of symbols ; Index

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Book SynopsisImparts the theory and analysis regarding the dynamics of rotating machinery in order to design such rotating devices as turbines, jet engines, pumps and power-transmission shafts. Takes into account the forces acting upon machine structures, bearings and related components. Provides numerical techniques for analyzing and understanding rotor systems with examples of actual designs. Features an excellent treatment of numerical methods available to obtain computer solutions for authentic design problems.Table of ContentsStructural-Dynamic Models and Eigenanalysis for Undamped FlexibleRotors. Rotordynamic Introduction to Hydrodynamic Bearings and Squeeze-FilmDampers. Rotordynamic Models for Liquid Annular Seals. Rotordynamic Models for Annular Gas Seals. Rotordynamic Models for Turbines and Pump Impellers. Developing and Analyzing a System Rotordynamics Model. Example Rotor Analysis. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisModelling of heterogeneous processes, such as electrochemical reactions, extraction, or ion-exchange, usually requires solving the transport problem associated to the process. Since the processes at the phase boundary are described by scalar quantities and transport quantities are vectors or tensors, coupling them can take place only via conservation of mass, charge, or momentum. In this book, the transport of ionic species is addressed in a versatile manner, emphasizing the mutual coupling of fluxes in particular. Treatment is based on the formalism of irreversible thermodynamics, i.e. on linear (ionic) phenomenological equations, from which the most frequently used Nernst-Planck equation is derived. Limitations and assumptions made are thoroughly discussed.The Nernst-Planck equation is applied to selected problems at the electrodes and in membranes. Mathematical derivations are presented in detail so that the reader can learn the methodology of solving transport problems. Each chapter contains a large number of exercises, some of them more demanding than others.Trade Review`The main topic covered by this book, ionic transport, is of technological importance in relation to the current interest in membrane technology, for instance for developments in fuel cells. The complexity of these problems requires a fundamental approach and understanding of the basic processes taking place. [...] The book is of very high quality and the inclusion of problem sets is a definite plus.' David Schiffrin, University of Liverpool`The book fills a very definite and well sensed gap in the existing literature, and it has all potential qualification to become a standard study and teaching tool and source of reference for the researchers in the classical electrochemistry and membranology as well as in the rapidly developing neighbour areas of bio- and nano-technology and microfluidics. It should also be of interest to biophysicists with interests in electro- and neurophysiology.' Isaak Rubinstein, Ben Gurion University, IsraelTable of Contents1. Thermodynamics of irreversible processes ; 2. Transport equations ; 3. Transport at electrodes ; 4. Transport in membranes ; 5. Transport through liquid membranes

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive guide to engineering materials used in the workshop, for processes such as milling, welding, and lathe and bench-work. Designed for the general enthusiast or amateur engineer, Engineering Materials provides in-depth information on the functions and limitations of commonly used metals, and valuable advice on material selection. With detailed diagrams and photographs throughout, the book covers: a history of engineering materials, and the forming and behaviour of a range of ferrous and non-ferrous metals; the practical application of materials in engineering and case studies on steam locomotive boilers, model aero engines and classic two-stroke motorcycle engines.

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Book SynopsisDescribing the history and state-of-the-art of the thermo-hydrous manipulation of wood, this book provides either a desk reference or a field manual of wood science. It examines the polymeric components of wood and its multilevel hierarchical structure that confer its unique general-purpose character and faculty for transformation. Exceeding all other material in its capacity to deform under controlled conditions and for a proscribed outcome, wood, under thermo-hydrous conditions, permits a multitude of industrial processes. Discussing the processes at work and the industrial applications, this book is a must for all interested in the manipulation of wood.Table of ContentsGeneralities and Fundamental LawsClosed Systems and General Thermodynamic Relations Balances of Extensive Entities Open Systems in Steady-State Operation Thermodynamic Properties of Matter Mixture of Ideal or Perfect Gases Mixtures of a Gas with a Condensable SubstanceThermodynamic Processes and DiagramsSimple Examples of Application of the First and Second Laws Energy and Exergy Analyses (Thermomechanical Processes) CombustionExamples of Applications From ChaptersThermodynamic Cycles Applications: Examples from ChaptersLinear Thermodynamics of Irreversible Phenomena

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Book SynopsisThe book introduces the reader to the concepts of Scientific Molding and Scientific Processing for Injection Molding, geared towards developing a robust, repeatable, and reproducible (3Rs) molding process.The effects of polymer morphology, thermal transitions, drying, and rheology on the injection molding process are explained in detail. The development of a robust molding process is broken down into two sections and is described as the Cosmetic Process and the Dimensional Process. Scientific molding procedures to establish a 3R process are provided.The concept of Design of Experiments (DOEs) for and in injection molding is explained, providing an insight into the cosmetic and dimensional process windows. A plan to release qualified molds into production with troubleshooting tips is also provided. Topics that impact a robust process such as the use of regrind, mold cooling, and venting are also described.Readers will be able to utilize the knowledge gained from the book in their day-to-day operations immediately.The second edition includes a completely new chapter on Quality Concepts, as well as much additional material throughout the book, covering fountain flow, factors affecting post mold shrinkage, and factor selections for DOEs. There are also further explanations on several topics, such as in-mold rheology curves, cavity imbalances, intensification ratios, gate seal studies, holding time optimization of hot runner molds, valve gated molds, and parts with large gates. A troubleshooting guide for common molded defects is also provided.With the purchase of this book, you also receive a free personal access code to download the eBook.

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Book SynopsisMechanical Vibrations: Theory and Application to Structural Dynamics, Third Edition is a comprehensively updated new edition of the popular textbook. It presents the theory of vibrations in the context of structural analysis and covers applications in mechanical and aerospace engineering. Key features include: A systematic approach to dynamic reduction and substructuring, based on duality between mechanical and admittance concepts An introduction to experimental modal analysis and identification methods An improved, more physical presentation of wave propagation phenomena A comprehensive presentation of current practice for solving large eigenproblems, focusing on the efficient linear solution of large, sparse and possibly singular systems A deeply revised description of time integration schemes, providing framework for the rigorous accuracy/stability analysis of now widely used algorithms such as HHT and GeneralizTable of ContentsForeword xiii Preface xv Introduction 1 Suggested Bibliography 7 1 Analytical Dynamics of Discrete Systems 13 1.1 Principle of Virtual Work for a Particle 14 1.1.1 Nonconstrained Particle 14 1.1.2 Constrained Particle 15 1.2 Extension to a System of Particles 17 1.2.1 Virtual Work Principle for N Particles 17 1.2.2 The Kinematic Constraints 18 1.2.3 Concept of Generalized Displacements 20 1.3 Hamilton’s Principle for Conservative Systems and Lagrange Equations 23 1.3.1 Structure of Kinetic Energy and Classification of Inertia Forces 27 1.3.2 Energy Conservation in a System with Scleronomic Constraints 29 1.3.3 Classification of Generalized Forces 32 1.4 Lagrange Equations in the General Case 36 1.5 Lagrange Equations for Impulsive Loading 39 1.5.1 Impulsive Loading of a Mass Particle 39 1.5.2 Impulsive Loading for a System of Particles 42 1.6 Dynamics of Constrained Systems 44 1.7 Exercises 46 1.7.1 Solved Exercises 46 1.7.2 Selected Exercises 53 References 54 2 Undamped Vibrations of n-Degree-of-Freedom Systems 57 2.1 Linear Vibrations about an Equilibrium Configuration 59 2.1.1 Vibrations about a Stable Equilibrium Position 59 2.1.2 Free Vibrations about an Equilibrium Configuration Corresponding to Steady Motion 63 2.1.3 Vibrations about a Neutrally Stable Equilibrium Position 66 2.2 Normal Modes of Vibration 67 2.2.1 Systems with a Stable Equilibrium Configuration 68 2.2.2 Systems with a Neutrally Stable Equilibrium Position 69 2.3 Orthogonality of Vibration Eigenmodes 70 2.3.1 Orthogonality of Elastic Modes with Distinct Frequencies 70 2.3.2 Degeneracy Theorem and Generalized Orthogonality Relationships 72 2.3.3 Orthogonality Relationships Including Rigid-body Modes 75 2.4 Vector and Matrix Spectral Expansions Using Eigenmodes 76 2.5 Free Vibrations Induced by Nonzero Initial Conditions 77 2.5.1 Systems with a Stable Equilibrium Position 77 2.5.2 Systems with Neutrally Stable Equilibrium Position 82 2.6 Response to Applied Forces: Forced Harmonic Response 83 2.6.1 Harmonic Response, Impedance and Admittance Matrices 84 2.6.2 Mode Superposition and Spectral Expansion of the Admittance Matrix 84 2.6.3 Statically Exact Expansion of the Admittance Matrix 88 2.6.4 Pseudo-resonance and Resonance 89 2.6.5 Normal Excitation Modes 90 2.7 Response to Applied Forces: Response in the Time Domain 91 2.7.1 Mode Superposition and Normal Equations 91 2.7.2 Impulse Response and Time Integration of the Normal Equations 92 2.7.3 Step Response and Time Integration of the Normal Equations 94 2.7.4 Direct Integration of the Transient Response 95 2.8 Modal Approximations of Dynamic Responses 95 2.8.1 Response Truncation and Mode Displacement Method 96 2.8.2 Mode Acceleration Method 97 2.8.3 Mode Acceleration and Model Reduction on Selected Coordinates 98 2.9 Response to Support Motion 101 2.9.1 Motion Imposed to a Subset of Degrees of Freedom 101 2.9.2 Transformation to Normal Coordinates 103 2.9.3 Mechanical Impedance on Supports and Its Statically Exact Expansion 105 2.9.4 System Submitted to Global Support Acceleration 108 2.9.5 Effective Modal Masses 109 2.9.6 Method of Additional Masses 110 2.10 Variational Methods for Eigenvalue Characterization 111 2.10.1 Rayleigh Quotient 111 2.10.2 Principle of Best Approximation to a Given Eigenvalue 112 2.10.3 Recurrent Variational Procedure for Eigenvalue Analysis 113 2.10.4 Eigensolutions of Constrained Systems: General Comparison Principle or Monotonicity Principle 114 2.10.5 Courant’s Minimax Principle to Evaluate Eigenvalues Independently of Each Other 116 2.10.6 Rayleigh’s Theorem on Constraints (Eigenvalue Bracketing) 117 2.11 Conservative Rotating Systems 119 2.11.1 Energy Conservation in the Absence of External Force 119 2.11.2 Properties of the Eigensolutions of the Conservative Rotating System 119 2.11.3 State-Space Form of Equations of Motion 121 2.11.4 Eigenvalue Problem in Symmetrical Form 123 2.11.5 Orthogonality Relationships 126 2.11.6 Response to Nonzero Initial Conditions 128 2.11.7 Response to External Excitation 130 2.12 Exercises 130 2.12.1 Solved Exercises 130 2.12.2 Selected Exercises 143 References 148 3 Damped Vibrations of n-Degree-of-Freedom Systems 149 3.1 Damped Oscillations in Terms of Normal Eigensolutions of the Undamped System 151 3.1.1 Normal Equations for a Damped System 152 3.1.2 Modal Damping Assumption for Lightly Damped Structures 153 3.1.3 Constructing the Damping Matrix through Modal Expansion 158 3.2 Forced Harmonic Response 160 3.2.1 The Case of Light Viscous Damping 160 3.2.2 Hysteretic Damping 162 3.2.3 Force Appropriation Testing 164 3.2.4 The Characteristic Phase Lag Theory 170 3.3 State-Space Formulation of Damped Systems 174 3.3.1 Eigenvalue Problem and Solution of the Homogeneous Case 175 3.3.2 General Solution for the Nonhomogeneous Case 178 3.3.3 Harmonic Response 179 3.4 Experimental Methods of Modal Identification 180 3.4.1 The Least-Squares Complex Exponential Method 182 3.4.2 Discrete Fourier Transform 187 3.4.3 The Rational Fraction Polynomial Method 190 3.4.4 Estimating the Modes of the Associated Undamped System 195 3.4.5 Example: Experimental Modal Analysis of a Bellmouth 196 3.5 Exercises 199 3.5.1 Solved Exercises 199 3.6 Proposed Exercises 207 References 208 4 Continuous Systems 211 4.1 Kinematic Description of the Dynamic Behaviour of Continuous Systems: Hamilton’s Principle 213 4.1.1 Definitions 213 4.1.2 Strain Evaluation: Green’s Measure 214 4.1.3 Stress–Strain Relationships 219 4.1.4 Displacement Variational Principle 221 4.1.5 Derivation of Equations of Motion 221 4.1.6 The Linear Case and Nonlinear Effects 223 4.2 Free Vibrations of Linear Continuous Systems and Response to External Excitation 231 4.2.1 Eigenvalue Problem 231 4.2.2 Orthogonality of Eigensolutions 233 4.2.3 Response to External Excitation: Mode Superposition (Homogeneous Spatial Boundary Conditions) 234 4.2.4 Response to External Excitation: Mode Superposition (Nonhomogeneous Spatial Boundary Conditions) 237 4.2.5 Reciprocity Principle for Harmonic Motion 241 4.3 One-Dimensional Continuous Systems 243 4.3.1 The Bar in Extension 244 4.3.2 Transverse Vibrations of a Taut String 258 4.3.3 Transverse Vibration of Beams with No Shear Deflection 263 4.3.4 Transverse Vibration of Beams Including Shear Deflection 277 4.3.5 Travelling Waves in Beams 285 4.4 Bending Vibrations of Thin Plates 290 4.4.1 Kinematic Assumptions 290 4.4.2 Strain Expressions 291 4.4.3 Stress–Strain Relationships 292 4.4.4 Definition of Curvatures 293 4.4.5 Moment–Curvature Relationships 293 4.4.6 Frame Transformation for Bending Moments 295 4.4.7 Computation of Strain Energy 295 4.4.8 Expression of Hamilton’s Principle 296 4.4.9 Plate Equations of Motion Derived from Hamilton’s Principle 298 4.4.10 Influence of In-Plane Initial Stresses on Plate Vibration 303 4.4.11 Free Vibrations of the Rectangular Plate 305 4.4.12 Vibrations of Circular Plates 308 4.4.13 An Application of Plate Vibration: The Ultrasonic Wave Motor 311 4.5 Wave Propagation in a Homogeneous Elastic Medium 315 4.5.1 The Navier Equations in Linear Dynamic Analysis 316 4.5.2 Plane Elastic Waves 318 4.5.3 Surface Waves 320 4.6 Solved Exercises 327 4.7 Proposed Exercises 328 References 333 5 Approximation of Continuous Systems by Displacement Methods 335 5.1 The Rayleigh–Ritz Method 339 5.1.1 Choice of Approximation Functions 339 5.1.2 Discretization of the Displacement Variational Principle 340 5.1.3 Computation of Eigensolutions by the Rayleigh–Ritz Method 342 5.1.4 Computation of the Response to External Loading by the Rayleigh–Ritz Method 345 5.1.5 The Case of Prestressed Structures 345 5.2 Applications of the Rayleigh–Ritz Method to Continuous Systems 346 5.2.1 The Clamped–Free Uniform Bar 347 5.2.2 The Clamped–Free Uniform Beam 350 5.2.3 The Uniform Rectangular Plate 357 5.3 The Finite Element Method 362 5.3.1 The Bar in Extension 364 5.3.2 Truss Frames 371 5.3.3 Beams in Bending without Shear Deflection 376 5.3.4 Three-Dimensional Beam Element without Shear Deflection 386 5.3.5 Beams in Bending with Shear Deformation 392 5.4 Exercises 399 5.4.1 Solved Exercises 399 5.4.2 Selected Exercises 406 References 412 6 Solution Methods for the Eigenvalue Problem 415 6.1 General considerations 419 6.1.1 Classification of Solution Methods 420 6.1.2 Criteria for Selecting the Solution Method 420 6.1.3 Accuracy of Eigensolutions and Stopping Criteria 423 6.2 Dynamical and Symmetric Iteration Matrices 425 6.3 Computing the Determinant: Sturm Sequences 426 6.4 Matrix Transformation Methods 430 6.4.1 Reduction to a Diagonal Form: Jacobi’s Method 430 6.4.2 Reduction to a Tridiagonal Form: Householder’s Method 434 6.5 Iteration on Eigenvectors: The Power Algorithm 436 6.5.1 Computing the Fundamental Eigensolution 437 6.5.2 Determining Higher Modes: Orthogonal Deflation 441 6.5.3 Inverse Iteration Form of the Power Method 443 6.6 Solution Methods for a Linear Set of Equations 444 6.6.1 Nonsingular Linear Systems 445 6.6.2 Singular Systems: Nullspace, Solutions and Generalized Inverse 453 6.6.3 Singular Matrix and Nullspace 453 6.6.4 Solution of Singular Systems 454 6.6.5 A Family of Generalized Inverses 456 6.6.6 Solution by Generalized Inverses and Finding the Nullspace N 457 6.6.7 Taking into Account Linear Constraints 459 6.7 Practical Aspects of Inverse Iteration Methods 460 6.7.1 Inverse Iteration in Presence of Rigid Body Modes 460 6.7.2 Spectral Shifting 463 6.8 Subspace Construction Methods 464 6.8.1 The Subspace Iteration Method 464 6.8.2 The Lanczos Method 468 6.9 Dynamic Reduction and Substructuring 479 6.9.1 Static Condensation (Guyan–Irons Reduction) 481 6.9.2 Craig and Bampton’s Substructuring Method 484 6.9.3 McNeal’s Hybrid Synthesis Method 487 6.9.4 Rubin’s Substructuring Method 488 6.10 Error Bounds to Eigenvalues 488 6.10.1 Rayleigh and Schwarz Quotients 489 6.10.2 Eigenvalue Bracketing 491 6.10.3 Temple–Kato Bounds 492 6.11 Sensitivity of Eigensolutions, Model Updating and Dynamic Optimization 498 6.11.1 Sensitivity of the Structural Model to Physical Parameters 501 6.11.2 Sensitivity of Eigenfrequencies 502 6.11.3 Sensitivity of Free Vibration Modes 502 6.11.4 Modal Representation of Eigenmode Sensitivity 504 6.12 Exercises 504 6.12.1 Solved Exercises 504 6.12.2 Selected Exercises 505 References 508 7 Direct Time-Integration Methods 511 7.1 Linear Multistep Integration Methods 513 7.1.1 Development of Linear Multistep Integration Formulas 514 7.1.2 One-Step Methods 515 7.1.3 Two-Step Second-Order Methods 516 7.1.4 Several-Step Methods 517 7.1.5 Numerical Observation of Stability and Accuracy Properties of Simple Time Integration Formulas 517 7.1.6 Stability Analysis of Multistep Methods 518 7.2 One-Step Formulas for Second-Order Systems: Newmark’s Family 522 7.2.1 The Newmark Method 522 7.2.2 Consistency of Newmark’s Method 525 7.2.3 First-Order Form of Newmark’s Operator – Amplification Matrix 525 7.2.4 Matrix Norm and Spectral Radius 527 7.2.5 Stability of an Integration Method – Spectral Stability 528 7.2.6 Spectral Stability of the Newmark Method 530 7.2.7 Oscillatory Behaviour of the Newmark Response 533 7.2.8 Measures of Accuracy: Numerical Dissipation and Dispersion 535 7.3 Equilibrium Averaging Methods 539 7.3.1 Amplification Matrix 540 7.3.2 Finite Difference Form of the Time-Marching Formula 541 7.3.3 Accuracy Analysis of Equilibrium Averaging Methods 542 7.3.4 Stability Domain of Equilibrium Averaging Methods 543 7.3.5 Oscillatory Behaviour of the Solution 544 7.3.6 Particular Forms of Equilibrium Averaging 544 7.4 Energy Conservation 550 7.4.1 Application: The Clamped-Free Bar Excited by an end Force 552 7.5 Explicit Time Integration Using the Central Difference Algorithm 556 7.5.1 Algorithm in Terms of Velocities 556 7.5.2 Application Example: The Clamped-Free Bar Excited by an End Load 559 7.5.3 Restitution of the Exact Solution by the Central Difference Method 561 7.6 The Nonlinear Case 564 7.6.1 The Explicit Case 564 7.6.2 The Implicit Case 565 7.6.3 Time Step Size Control 571 7.7 Exercises 573 References 575 Index 577

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Book SynopsisThe development of functional materials is at the heart of technological needs and the forefront of materials research. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of functional materials, which are needed for electrical, dielectric, electromagnetic, optical, and magnetic applications. Materials concepts covered are strongly linked to applications.Textbooks related to functional materials have not kept pace with technological needs and associated scientific advances. Introductory materials science textbooks merely gloss over functional materials while electronic materials textbooks focus on semiconductors and smart materials textbooks emphasize more on limited properties that pertain to structures.Functional Materials assumes that the readers have had a one-semester introductory undergraduate course on materials science. The coverage on functional materials is much broader and deeper than that of an introductory materials science course.The book features hundreds of illustrations to help explain concepts and provide quantitative information. The style is general towards tutorial. Most chapters include sections on example problems, review questions and supplementary reading.This book is suitable for use as a textbook in undergraduate and graduate engineering courses. It is also suitable for use as a reference book for professionals in the electronic, computer, communication, aerospace, automotive, transportation, construction, energy and control industries.Table of ContentsIntroduction to Functional Materials and Their Applications; Electrical Conduction Behavior; Dielectric Behavior; Electromagnetic Behavior; Optical Behavior; Magnetic Behavior.

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Book SynopsisPlasmonic resonators, composed of metallic micro- and nanostructures, belong to the category of excited-state physics on resonances from gigahertz to petahertz. Dynamical physics is in contrast to ground-state physics, which includes thermal states, and is connected to diverse applications to enhance existing photo-induced effects and phenomena such as plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence and Raman scattering. This book has three main aims: to provide fundamental knowledge on plasmonic resonators, to explain diverse plasmonic resonators, and to stimulate further development in plasmonic resonators. Plasmon-related studies, which are sometimes called plasmonics and include a substantial portion of metamaterials, have shown significant development since the 1980s. The piled-up results are too numerous to study from the beginning, but this book summarizes those results, including the history (past), all the possible types of plasmonic resonators (present), and their wide range of applications (future). It provides the basics of plasmons and resonant physics for undergraduate students, the systematic knowledge on plasmonic resonators for graduate students, and cutting-edge and in-depth information on plasmon-enhancement studies for researchers who are not experts in plasmonics and metamaterials, thereby benefitting a wide range of readers who are interested in the nanotechnology involving metallic nanostructures.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Plasma frequency. Optical constants in metals. Metal–Insulator Interface where SPPs emerge. Brief overview of the history. Numerical methods. Nanofabrication methods. Chapter summary. Response Function Theory. Classical model for response function. Quantum mechanical description for response function. Spectral theory. Generalized theory for response function. Chapter summary. Plasmonic Resonators. Plasmonic waveguides. Nanoparticle plasmonic resonators. Nanoparticle-assembled plasmonic resonators. Single-layer lattices. Collective oscillation associated with longitudinal component in plasmonic resonators. Plasmonic resonators of simply stacked structures. Plasmonic resonators with chirality. Plasmonic resonators of stacked complementary (SC) structures. Perfect absorbers. Chapter summary. Nonlocality on Plasmonic Resonances. Nonlocal responses in far-field spectra. Nonlocal responses in near-field scattering. Optical nonlocality in plasmonic resonators. Chapter summary. Plasmonic Enhancement. Principles of Plas*. Purcell effect. PlasPL. Surface-plasmon-amplified stimulated emission resonators (SPASER). Strong coupling of plasmons with excitons and other resonances. PlasRaman. PlasCat. PlasNLO. Other Plas*. IR emitters. Chapter summary. Future Prospects. Status after two decades since the era of nanotechnology. Directions being opened. Challenges in near future. Concluding remarks.

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Book SynopsisContains more than 500 fatigue curves for industrial ferrous and nonferrous alloys. Also includes an explanation of fatigue testing and interpretation of test results. Each curve is presented independently and includes an explanation of its particular importance.

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Book SynopsisYou are surrounded by stickiness. With every step you take, air molecules cling to you and slow you down; the effect is harder to ignore in water. When you hit the road, whether powered by pedal or engine, you rely on grip to keep you safe. The Post-it note and glue in your desk drawer. The non-stick pan on your stove. The fingerprints linked to your identity. The rumbling of the Earth deep beneath your feet, and the ice that transforms waterways each winter. All of these things are controlled by tiny forces that operate on and between surfaces, with friction playing the leading role. In Sticky, Laurie Winkless explores how friction shapes both the manufactured and natural worlds, and describes how our understanding of surface science has given us an ability to manipulate stickiness, down to the level of a single atom. But this apparent success doesn't tell the whole story. Each time humanity has pushed the boundaries of science and engineering, we've discovered that friction still hTrade ReviewI am in awe of Laurie Winkless: of her ability to take something as seemingly plain as a tire, as overlooked as the dimples on a golf ball, and produce from it a surprising, fascinating narrative, one that effortlessly reveals the astonishing science of the world around us. * Mary Roach, author of Stiff and Fuzz *An absolutely wild ride ... bright and interesting. [Sticky] is a book for the 2020s ... truly great popular science for anyone who wants to know more about how we interact with our world -- young or old, beginner or experienced scientist. * Nature *Through a wide range of topics, including some that are likely to be less well known, Sticky offers readers an insider’s guide to the secret science of surfaces. * Science *A beautifully-written, utterly fascinating book that had me glued throughout. Like the very best science writing, Sticky helps you see the world from a different perspective. I couldn't recommend it more. * Angela Saini, science journalist and author *If you’ve ever wondered why some glues work better than others, or been puzzled why there are so many different types of car tire, or been amazed at the ease in which a gecko can run up the wall, then this wonderful book is for you. * Mark Miodownik, author of Stuff Matters *The excellence of [Sticky] shines through. Stickiness may not be something that we often think of as a science issue, but Winkless both shows how interesting it can be, and also how much there is still to learn in this topic that affects all our everyday lives. * Brian Clegg, PopScienceBooks *An enthusiastic exploration of how surfaces interact. * Nature *Table of ContentsHello 1 To Stick or Not to Stick 2 A Gecko’s Grip 3 Gone Swimming 4 Flying High 5 Hit the Road 6 These Shaky Isles 7 Break the Ice 8 The Human Touch 9 Close Contact Further Reading Acknowledgements Index

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Book SynopsisR. C. Hibbeler graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana with a BS in Civil Engineering (majoring in Structures) and an MS in Nuclear Engineering. He obtained his PhD in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from Northwestern University. Professor Hibbeler's professional experience includes postdoctoral work in reactor safety and analysis at Argonne National Laboratory, and structural and stress analysis work at Chicago Bridge and Iron, as well as at Sargent and Lundy in Chicago. He has practiced engineering in Ohio, New York, and Louisiana. Professor Hibbeler currently teaches both civil and mechanical engineering courses at the University of LouisianaLafayette. In the past, he has taught at the University of Illinois at Urbana, Youngstown State University, Illinois Institute of Technology, and Union College. Table of Contents Stress 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Equilibrium of a Deformable Body 1.3 Stress 1.4 Average Normal Stress in an Axially Loaded Bar 1.5 Average Shear Stress 1.6 Allowable Stress Design 1.7 Limit State Design Strain 2.1 Deformation 2.2 Strain Mechanical Properties of Materials 3.1 The Tension and Compression Test 3.2 The Stress--Strain Diagram 3.3 Stress--Strain Behavior of Ductile and Brittle Materials 3.4 Strain Energy 3.5 Poisson's Ratio 3.6 The Shear Stress--Strain Diagram *3.7 Failure of Materials Due to Creep and Fatigue Axial Load 4.1 Saint-Venant's Principle 4.2 Elastic Deformation of an Axially Loaded Member 4.3 Principle of Superposition 4.4 Statically Indeterminate Axially Loaded Members 4.5 The Force Method of Analysis for Axially Loaded Members 4.6 Thermal Stress 4.7 Stress Concentrations *4.8 Inelastic Axial Deformation *4.9 Residual Stress Torsion 5.1 Torsional Deformation of a Circular Shaft 5.2 The Torsion Formula 5.3 Power Transmission 5.4 Angle of Twist 5.5 Statically Indeterminate Torque-Loaded Members *5.6 Solid Noncircular Shafts *5.7 Thin-Walled Tubes Having Closed Cross Sections 5.8 Stress Concentration *5.9 Inelastic Torsion *5.10 Residual Stress Bending 6.1 Shear and Moment Diagrams 6.2 Graphical Method for Constructing Shear and Moment Diagrams 6.3 Bending Deformation of a Straight Member 6.4 The Flexure Formula 6.5 Unsymmetric Bending *6.6 Composite Beams *6.7 Reinforced Concrete Beams *6.8 Curved Beams 6.9 Stress Concentrations *6.10 Inelastic Bending Transverse Shear 7.1 Shear in Straight Members 7.2 The Shear Formula 7.3 Shear Flow in Built-Up Members 7.4 Shear Flow in Thin-Walled Members *7.5 Shear Center for Open Thin-Walled Members Combined Loadings 8.1 Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels 8.2 State of Stress Caused by Combined Loadings Stress Transformation 9.1 Plane-Stress Transformation 9.2 General Equations of Plane-Stress Transformation 9.3 Principal Stresses and Maximum In-Plane Shear Stress 9.4 Mohr's Circle-Plane Stress 9.5 Absolute Maximum Shear Stress Strain Transformation 10.1 Plane Strain 10.2 General Equations of Plane-Strain Transformation *10.3 Mohr's Circle-Plane Strain *10.4 Absolute Maximum Shear Strain 10.5 Strain Rosettes 10.6 Material Property Relationships *10.7 Theories of Failure Design of Beams and Shafts 11.1 Basis for Beam Design 11.2 Prismatic Beam Design *11.3 Fully Stressed Beams *11.4 Shaft Design Deflection of Beams and Shafts 12.1 The Elastic Curve 12.2 Slope and Displacement by Integration *12.3 Discontinuity Functions *12.4 Slope and Displacement by the Moment-Area Method 12.5 Method of Superposition 12.6 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts 12.7 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts - Method of Integration *12.8 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts - Moment-Area Method 12.9 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts - Method of Superposition Buckling of Columns 13.1 Critical Load 13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports 13.3 Columns Having Various Types of Supports *13.4 The Secant Formula *13.5 Inelastic Buckling *13.6 Design of Columns for Concentric Loading *13.7 Design of Columns for Eccentric Loading Energy Methods 14.1 External Work and Strain Energy 14.2 Elastic Strain Energy for Various Types of Loading 14.3 Impact Loading *14.4 Principle of Virtual Work *14.5 Method of Virtual Forces Applied to Trusses *14.6 Method of Virtual Forces Applied to Beams *14.7 Castigliano's Theorem *14.8 Castigliano's Theorem Applied to Trusses *14.9 Castigliano's Theorem Applied to Beams APPENDICES Geometric Properties of an Area Geometric Properties of Structural Shapes Slopes and Deflections of Beams Fundamental Problems Partial Solutions and Answers Selected Answers Index Sections of the book that contain more advanced material are indicated by a star (*).

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Book SynopsisR. C. Hibbeler graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana with a BS in Civil Engineering (majoring in Structures) and an MS in Nuclear Engineering. He obtained his PhD in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from Northwestern University. Professor Hibbeler's professional experience includes postdoctoral work in reactor safety and analysis at Argonne National Laboratory, and structural and stress analysis work at Chicago Bridge and Iron, as well as at Sargent and Lundy in Chicago. He has practiced engineering in Ohio, New York, and Louisiana. Professor Hibbeler currently teaches both civil and mechanical engineering courses at the University of LouisianaLafayette. In the past, he has taught at the University of Illinois at Urbana, Youngstown State University, Illinois Institute of Technology, and Union College. Table of Contents Kinematics of a Particle  Kinetics of a Particle: Force and Acceleration  Kinetics of a Particle: Work and Energy  Kinetics of a Particle: Impulse and Momentum  Planar Kinematics of a Rigid Body  Planar Kinetics of a Rigid Body: Force and Acceleration  Planar Kinetics of a Rigid Body: Work and Energy  Planar Kinetics of a Rigid Body: Impulse and Momentum  Three-Dimensional Kinematics of a Rigid Body  Three-Dimensional Kinetics of a Rigid Body  Vibrations APPENDIX Mathematical Review and Expressions Fundamental Problems Partial Solutions and Answers  Answers

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Book SynopsisHandbook based on various investigations aims to improve quality and efficiency of industrial power engineering, constructions, and fluid/gas-moving devices. Includes author's research findings.

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Book SynopsisThis valuable handbook details the various monolithic refractories currently in use, and pays particular attention to their chemical and physical behaviors during manufacturing, installation, and the duty cycle. It addresses, from the practitioner's point of view, the critical aspects of reactions involved with the refractory body as it approaches the used temperature with the processing environment. To ensure optimum performance, it describes the application, installation, and design of refractory components. The handbook includes suitable tables and figures, and provides an historical perspective on the evolution of the refractory industry. Practicing ceramic engineers, scientists, raw material suppliers, and research and development personnel in the refractory manufacturing industry will find this book invaluable. Also suitable as a reference for courses in ceramic engineering specializing in refractories.Table of ContentsRaw Materials. Castable Refractories. Pumpable Castables. Plastic Refractories. Ramming Mixes. Gunning Mixes. Mortars. Coatings. Dry Vibratables. Wear Mechanisms. Manufacturing. Application Designs. Evaluation and Tests. Lining. Index.

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Book SynopsisManufacturing processes for aircraft components include broad activities consisting of multiple materials processing technologies. This book focuses on presenting manufacturing process technologies exclusively for fabricating major aircraft components. Topics covered in a total of twenty chapters are presented with a balanced perspective on the relevant fundamentals and various examples and case studies. An individual chapter is aimed at discussing the scope and direction of research and development in producing high strength lighter aircraft materials, and cost effective manufacturing processes are also included. Trade Review"This is a MUST have material, and as a certificated Aerospace Manufacturing individual with highest third degree in Engineering/Technology Management, focus on Technology Transfer in Aerospace Industry for sustainable development, I can say without reservation that it’s a book to enrich this innovative generation."— Kayode P. Odimayomi, National Space Research & Development Agency (NASRDA), Nigeria"I enjoyed reviewing the material Dr. Saha has provided in this book. He has assembled a lot of very complex information and distilled it to a level that can be understood and enjoyed by someone who is not an expert in this field already. He has covered a very broad range of information in a very factual and logical manner."— Billy L. Small, Boeing, USATable of ContentsFundamentals of Aerospace Vehicles. Fundamentals of Building an Aircraft. Major Aircraft Materials and its Classification. Manufacturing Principle and Processes of Major Aircraft Metal Products. Introduction to Composite Materials for Aerospace. Structural and Operating System Components of an Aircraft. Introduction to Manufacturing Processes of Metal Components of an Aircraft. Cold Forming of Flat Sheet. Cold Forming of Plate. Cold Forming of Extrusion. Hot Forming of Flat Sheet, Plate and Extrusion. High Energy Forming and Joining. Tube and Duct Forming. Welding Technology in Aerospace. Metal Cutting and Machining Technology. Abrasive Metal Removal and Cutting Processes. Chemical Metal Removal and Chemical Processing of Metals. Manufacturing Processes of Composite Materials for Aerospace. Measurement and Inspection Methods in Aerospace Manufacturing. Research and Development.

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Book SynopsisAn introductory review of the various theoretical and practical aspects of adsorption by powders and porous solids with particular reference to materials of technological importance. It includes chapters dealing with experimental methodology and the interpretation of adsorption data obtained with porous oxides, carbons and zeolites.Trade Review"An introductory chapter summarizes relevance, history, and terminology of adsorption, including chemisorption vs. physisorption, and discusses energetics, molecular modeling, and diffusion. The following chapters treat thermodynamics at a gas/solid and solid/liquid interfaces, measurement and monitoring technique, isotherm theory and interpretation, mathematical modeling of adsorption processes, and use of adsorption to measure surface area and porosity of materials." --ProtoView.com, January 2014 Review of first edition: "A long-awaited but worthy successor to the book considered by many to be the bible of porous materials characterization: ‘Gregg & Sing’ (2nd Edition, 1982). This collaboration between the Rouquerols and Ken Sing has created a detailed handbook covering not only important theoretical aspects, but copious experimental and application information too. Adsorption calorimetry gets more attention than before (not surprising given the Rouquerols' affiliation), as do ‘new’ materials such as MCM's and ‘new’ calculation models like DFT (Density Functional Theory) and Monte Carlo simulation. Importantly, there is a great deal of coverage given to adsorptives other than nitrogen (the most common but not necessarily the most appropriate in all cases). Hundreds of references are given for follow-up reading in areas of special interest. Anyone seeking a reliable, broad, yet highly informative coverage of adsorption methodology for porous materials characterization should invest in this title." --Worthy Successor by "thomasetc" (USA), June 2000, Amazon.comTable of ContentsPreface List of main symbols 1. Introduction 1.1. Importance of adsorption 1.2. Historical aspects 1.3. IUPAC definitions and terminology 1.4. Physisorption and chemisorption 1.5. Physisorption isotherms 1.6. Energetics of physisorption and molecular modelling 1.7. Diffusion of adsorbed molecules 2. Thermodynamics of adsorption at the gas-solid interface 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Quantitative expression of adsorption 2.3. Thermodynamic potentials of adsorption 2.4. Thermodynamic quantities related to the adsorbed states in the Gibbs representation 2.5. Thermodynamic quantities related to the adsorption process 2.6. Indirect derivation of the adsorption quantities of adsorption from of a series of Experimental physisorption isotherms : the isosteric method 2.7. Derivation of the adsorption quantities from calorimetric data 2.8. Other methods for the determination of differential enthalpies of gas adsorption 2.9. State equations for high pressure: single gas and mixtures 3. Methodology of gas adsorption 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Determination of the surface excess amount (and amount adsorbed) 3.3. Gas adsorption calorimetry 3.4. Adsorbent outgassing 3.5. Presentation of experimental data 4. Adsorption at the liquid-solid interface 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Energetics of immersion in pure liquid 4.3. Adsorption from liquid solution 5. The interpretation of physisorption isotherms at the gas-solid interface: the classical approach 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Adsorption of a pure gas 5.3. Adsorption of a gas mixture 6. Molecular simulation and modelling of physisorption in porous solids 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Microscopic description of the porous solids 6.3. Intermolecular potential function 6.4. Characterization computational tools 6.5. Modeling of adsorption in porous solids 6.6. Modeling of diffusion in porous solids. 6.7. Conclusions and future challenges 7. Assessment of surface area 7.1. Introduction 7.2. The BET method 7.3. Empirical methods of isotherm analysis 7.4. The fractal approach 7.5. Conclusions and recommendations 8. Assessment of mesoporosity 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Mesopore volume, porosity and mean pore size 8.3. Capillary condensation and the Kelvin equation 8.4. ‘Classical’ computation of the mesopore size distribution 8.5. DFT computation of the mesopore size distribution 8.6. Hysteresis loops 8.7. Conclusions and recommendations 9. Assessment of microporosity 9.1. Introduction 9.2. Gas physisorption isotherm analysis 9.3. Microcalorimetric methods 9.4. Conclusions and recommendations 10. Adsorption by active carbons 10.1. Introduction 10.2. Active carbons: preparation, properties and applications 10.3. Physisorption of gases by non-porous carbons 10.4. Physisorption of gases by porous carbons 10.5. Adsorption at the carbon-liquid interface 10.6. Low pressure hysteresis and adsorbent deformation 10.7. Characterization of active carbons: conclusions and recommendations 11. Adsorption by metal oxides 11.1. Introduction 11.2. Silica 11.3. Alumina 11.4. Titanium dioxide 11.5. Magnesium oxide 11.6. Other oxides: chromium, iron, zinc, zirconium, beryllium and uranium 11.7. Applications of adsorbent properties of metal oxides 12. Adsorption by clays, pillared clays, zeolites and aluminophosphates 12.1. Introduction 12.2. Structure, morphology and adsorbent properties of layer silicates 12.3. Pillared clays – structures and properties 12.4. Zeolites – synthesis, pore structures and molecular sieve properties 12.5. Aluminophosphate molecular sieves – structures and properties 12.6. Applications of clays, zeolites and phosphate-based molecular sieves 13. Adsorption by ordered mesoporous materials 13.1. Introduction 13.2. Ordered mesoporous silicas 13.3. Effect of surface functionalization on adsorption properties 13.4. Ordered organosilica materials 13.5. Replica materials 14. Adsorption by metal-organic frameworks 14.1. Introduction 14.2. Assessment and meaning of the BET area of MOFs 14.3. Effect of changing the nature of the ligands 14.4. Effect of changing the metal centre 14.5. Changing the nature of other surface sites 14.6. Influence of extra-framework species 14.7. Special case of the flexibility of MOFs 14.8. Towards application performances

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Engineering Materials and Their Properties Part A: Price and Availability2. Price and Availability of Materials Part B: Elastice Moduli3. Elastic Moduli4. Bonding between Atoms5. Packing of Atoms in Solids6. Physical Basis of Young’s Modulus7. Applications of Elastic Deformation8. Case Studies in Modulus-Limited Design Part C: Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, and Ductility9. Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, and Ductility10. Dislocations and Yielding in Crystals11. Strengthening and Plasticity of Polycrystals12. Continuum Aspects of Plastic Flow13. Case Studies in Yield-Limited Design Part D: Fast Fracture, Brittle Fracture, and Toughness14. Fast Fracture and Toughness15. Micromechanisms of Fast Fracture16. Fracture Probability of Brittle Materials17. Case Studies in Fracture Part E: Fatigue Failure18. Fatigue Failure19. Fatigue Design20. Case Studies in Fatigue Failure Part F: Creep Deformation and Fracture21. Creep Deformation and Fracture22. Kinetic Theory of Diffusion23. Mechanisms of Creep, and Creep-Resistant Materials24. The Turbine Blade—A Case Study in Creep-Limited Design Part G: Oxidation and Corrosion25. Oxidation of Materials26. Case Studies in Dry Oxidation27. Wet Corrosion of Materials28. Case Studies in Wet Corrosion Part H: Friction and Wear29. Friction and Wear30. Case Studies in Friction and Wear Part I: Thermal Properties31. Thermal Expansion32. Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat33. Final Case Study:Materials and Energy in Car Design Appendix

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction: materials-history and character 2. Family trees: organising materials and processes 3. Strategic thinking: matching material to design 4. Elastic stiffness, and weight: atomic bonding and packing 5. Stiffness-limited design 6. Beyond elasticity: plasticity, yielding and ductility 7. Strength-limited design 8. Fracture and fracture toughness 9. Cyclic loading and fatigue failure 10. Fracture- and fatigue-limited design 11. Friction and wear 12. Materials and heat 13. Diffusion and creep: materials at high temperatures 14. Durability: oxidation, corrosion, degradation 15. Electrical materials: conductors, insulators, and dielectrics 16. Magnetic materials 17. Materials for optical devices 18. Manufacturing processes and design 19. Processing, microstructure and properties 20. Materials, environment, and sustainability Guided Learning Unit 1: Simple ideas of crystallography Guided Learning Unit 2: Phase diagrams and phase transformations Appendix A: Data for engineering materials Appendix B: Corrosion tables Appendix C: Material properties and length scales

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1.Introduction: materials — history, classification, and properties 2. Materials, processes, and design 3. Material properties and microstructure — overview and atom-scale fundamentals 4. Elastic stiffness and stiffness-limited applications 5. Plasticity, yielding and ductility, and strength-limited applications 6. Fracture, fatigue, and fracture-limited applications 7. Materials and heat: thermal properties 8. Materials at high temperatures: diffusion and creep 9. Surfaces: friction, wear, oxidation, corrosion 10. Functional properties: electrical, magnetic, optical 11. Manufacturing processes and microstructure evolution 12. Materials, environment, and sustainability Guided Learning Unit 1: Simple ideas of crystallography Guided Learning Unit 2: Material selection in design Guided Learning Unit 3: Process selection in design Guided Learning Unit 4: Phase diagrams and phase Transformations Appendix A: Material property data

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Structure and bonding 3. Metallic biomaterials 4. Bioceramics 5. Polymeric biomaterials 6. Hard tissues and orhopedic soft tissues 7. Composite biomaterials 8. Tissue-biomaterials interactions 9. Orthopedic and dental biomedical devices 10. Soft tissue replacement and repair 11. Materials and devices for sensors and detectors: biocatalysts, bio imaging, and devices with integrated biological functionality 12. Biodegradable materials for medical applications

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Advantages of 1D nanostructures for fuel cell applications 3. Preparation of 1D Catalysts 4. 1D nanostructured catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) 5. 1D nanostructured catalysts for hydrocarbon oxidation reaction 6. Summary and Perspective

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPart 1: Materials Science and Engineering Section 1.2 Properties of Materials Section 1.3 Classes of Materials Used in Medicine Section 1.4: Materials Processing Part 2: Biology and Medicine Section 2.1 Some Background Concepts Section 2.2 Host Reaction to Biomaterials and Their Evaluation Section 2.3 Characterization of Biomaterials Section 2.4 Degradation of Materials in the Biological Environment Section 2.5 Applications of Biomaterials Section 2.6 Applications of Biomaterials in Functional Tissue Engineering Part 3: The Medical Product Life Cycle Appendix A: Properties of Biological Fluids Appendix B: Properties of Soft Materials Appendix C: Chemical Composition of Metals and Ceramics Used for Implants Appendix D: The Biomaterials Literature Appendix E: Assessment of Cell and Matrix Components in Tissues (Online only)

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