Taxonomy and systematics Books

Book SynopsisA Birdwatcher's Guide to Norway helps you find all the birds of Norway and Svalbard, and guides you in detail to more than 350 of the best birdwatching sites in this beautiful and wild but still highly developed and civilised country.

Read more less

Book SynopsisHow herbaria illuminate the past and future of plant scienceTrade Review“This book opens a window on a fascinating, rarely explored subject.”—Jack Watkins, Country Life“Access to most herbaria is restricted: biologist Maura Flannery knew ‘almost nothing’ about them until 2010, when a US curator took her behind the scenes at one and she fell in love with them. Her history dramatizes this revelation, discussing global collections and collectors using fine period drawings.”—Andrew Robinson, Nature“This book is the fruit of [Flannery’s] exploration into [plant’s] vital importance but also what they tell us about history, culture, aesthetics and ethnobotany.”—Ursula Buchan, The Spectator“An enchanting travelogue ranging across centuries of plant collecting, In the Herbarium is also an urgent reminder of the value of natural history collections to science, the humanities, and art.”—Yota Batsaki, Dumbarton Oaks“In this engaging, never-before-told story, Maura Flannery shows us how the herbarium has been at the center of our centuries-long quest to understand the world of plants.”—Peter Crane, author of Ginkgo and president, Oak Spring Garden Foundation“Maura Flannery’s love of all things botanical permeates through her writing, creating a story of botany past, present, and future seen through the lens of the herbarium.”—Caroline Cornish, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew“A stimulating and informative book to be read (and re-read) from cover to cover as a source of enjoyment, enlightenment and inspiration.”—D. S. Ingram, joint lead author/editor of Science and the Garden“A very useful and timely overview of the long history of engagement with botanical knowledge.”—Vassiliki Betty Smocovitis, author of Unifying Biology: The Evolutionary Synthesis and Evolutionary Biology

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis accessible, beautifully illustrated guide gives you the tools to be confident in how to identify non-native invasive plants in Britain and Ireland. Covers everything from trees to seaweeds, and carefully differentiates lookalike species.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe essential field guide to the Western Alps region

Read more less

Book SynopsisNew and comprehensive, easy-to-use field guide to the Canary IslandsOver 2000 plants covered, illustrated throughout with colour photographs for easy and accurate identificationIncludes a visual guide to flora hotspots to visitEssential guide for students, professional botanists, scientists, gardeners and plant-enthusiasts

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"A Seminary Co-Op Notable Book of the Year""If categorization is crucial to making sense of the world, how should we classify Carl Linnaeus? . . . Broberg’s biography dutifully accompanies Linnaeus every step of the way."---Kathryn Schulz, New Yorker"Whether we realize it or not, we live in a Linnaean world. . . . [A]n excellent starting point for the general reader. Dispensing with the prevalent image of Linnaeus as nature’s dullest bookkeeper, Broberg paints a moving portrait of a profoundly vulnerable human being."---Christopher Irmscher, Wall Street Journal"A detailed account of his subject’s work as well as his 'darker aspects.' . . . Writing for a general audience. . . . Everything you ever wanted to know about Linnaeus and more." * Kirkus Reviews *"A rich portrait. . . . [Broberg] offers readers an immersive glimpse into the life of a scientist who was instrumental to the formation of botany, zoology, and taxonomy. . . . The Man Who Organized Nature is sure to become the definitive biography of Linnaeus."---Darren Incorvaia, Science"A striking addition to the list of key scientific biographies."---Brian Clegg, Popular Science"A reminder of the remarkable life Linnaeus lead and the influence he had on the development of modern biology. . . . His work deserves to be remembered in magisterial biographies like this."---Laurence A. Marshall, Natural History"Anna Paterson’s new English translation of the late Gunnar Broberg’s 2019 life of the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus offers, however, something genuinely new and valuable . . . The book is a beguiling and expert account of an extraordinary individual who helped shape our understanding of the natural world."---Linda Colley, Financial Times"This is surely the definitive biography of Carl Linnaeus. . . .The book gives a rounded and vivid portrait highlighting his flaws as well as creative genius." * Paradigm Explorer *"We should be grateful to Broberg for the decades of research distilled into the volume, the closest thing to a comprehensive and contextualised account of Linnaeus as we are likely to get for at least a generation."---Lorraine Daston, London Review of Books

Read more less

Book SynopsisIf you have tried to identify wildflowers, you'll already know exactly what is meant by the title of this book. Although a lot of plants are relatively straightforward to recognise, many others are not. Standard wildflower guides tend to provide as much guidance with identifying the easy and distinctive as they do with complex, tricky species. This ingenious book is designed to come to the rescue of the exasperated novice botanist and to help those more experienced who might be stuck on unfamiliar and complex groups. From willows to water-crowfoots, from eyebrights to dandelion look-a-likes, all of us have struggled with baffling specimens or the seemingly cryptic. Presented here is a fresh new approach to identifying difficult plants by giving an understanding of the biology behind their complexity. In simple language, you will be directed to the particular parts of the plant that you need to look at most closely. The tabular keys are more user friendly and evolutionarily valid than conventional dichotomous keys, which are often confusing and unwieldy. Each chapter contains illustrations of key diagnostic features, rather than of entire plants. Other novel aspects include coverage of the historical recognition of complexity within each group, which is used to inform debate about the level of resolution that may be most appropriate for your needs. This accessible guide is the perfect chance to get to grips with that challenging group you keep saving for 'next year' or for untangling a botanical mystery which keeps repeating itself.Table of ContentsForeword Preface Acknowledgments SECTION I. APOMICTIC SPECIES: SPECIES THAT PRODUCE SEEDS WITHOUT SEX 1 Brambles 2 Dandelions 3 Lady’s-mantles 4 Sea-lavenders 5 Whitebeams, rowans and service trees 6 Yellow composites – things that look a bit like a dandelion SECTION II. HYBRIDS: SPECIES THAT HAVE SEX WITH OTHER SPECIES 7 Docks and sorrels 8 Pondweeds 9 Roses 10 Marsh-orchids and spotted-orchids 11 Water-crowfoots 12 Willows SECTION III. INBREEDERS: SPECIES THAT HAVE SEX WITH THEMSELVES 13 Eyebrights 14 Fumitories 15 Violets and pansies 16 Short white-flowered crucifers: cresses 17 Tall yellow-flowered cabbages, mustards, rapes and rockets SECTION IV. POLYPLOIDS AND RAPIDLY EVOLVING SPECIES 18 Broomrapes 19 Forget-me-nots 20 Speedwells SECTION V. SUCCESSFUL FAMILIES WITH LOTS OF SPECIES 21 Dead-nettles, mints and woundworts 22 Blue and purple vetches and peas 23 Umbellifers: carrots, parsnips, Hemlock etc Glossary Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book describes the natural and cultural history of an iconic and unusual woodpecker – a species that nests in tree cavities but which forages mostly on the ground. The Green Woodpecker, known in folk English as the Yaffle, is afforded comprehensive coverage in this work, with information on its origins, taxonomy, anatomy, appearance, moult, calls, distribution, conservation status, habitats, movements, breeding, diet and relationships with other wildlife and humans all presented. The text is richly illustrated throughout with quality photographs as well as sound spectrograms. Many eye-opening observations of Green Woodpecker behaviour are detailed. This all-encompassing and engaging account has been written for a wide audience, whether professional ornithologist, citizen scientist, amateur birder, woodpecker aficionado or simply someone who wishes to learn more about this curious and remarkable bird.Trade ReviewThe Green Woodpecker is extensively illustrated with captivating photographs and artwork which support Gorman’s narrative which is always authoritative, entertaining and fast-paced. -- James Wright, The Wryneck blogIf you want to know what we currently know about this species then this, undoubtedly, is the book for you. -- Mark Avery, author and environmental campaignerThis book is a must have for anyone with an interest in this species or with woodpeckers in general. -- Ian Paulsen, The Birdbooker ReportThis is a well-written book that brings together a wealth of information. Nobody has done more on a European scale to promote woodpecker issues than Gerard Gorman. -- Keith Betton, British BirdsWritten with a blend of scientific rigour and a narrative style, The Green Woodpecker invites both nature enthusiasts and curious minds to embark on a journey that deeps down into the species taxonomy, behaviours and conservation by highlighting the links between the bird and its surroundings. -- Letizia Campioni, AvocettaTable of ContentsAbout the author Acknowledgements Preface 1. Origins and Taxonomy 2. Anatomy and Morphology 3. Description and Identification 4. Moult, Ageing and Sexing 5. Relatives 6. Communication 7. Distribution, Population and Trends 8. Challenges and Conservation 9. Habitats 10. Behaviour 11. Movements and Flight 12. Breeding 13. Cavities 14. Tracks and Signs 15. Foraging and Food 16. Relationships 17. Folklore, Mythology and Symbolism References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisHow to build and maintain your pan-species list, for a person or a site. Packed with information and tips, this book is also a one-stop-shop for biological recorders in the twenty-first century.

Read more less

Book SynopsisTable of ContentsUNIT I SYSTEMATICS 1. Plant Systematics: An Overview 2. Phylogenetic Systematics UNIT II EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY OF PLANTS 3. Evolution and Diversity of Green and Land Plants 4. Evolution and Diversity of Vascular Plants 5. Evolution and Diversity of Woody and Seed Plants 6. Evolution of Flowering Plants 7. Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants: Amborellales, Nymphaeales, Austrobaileyales, Magnoliids, Ceratophyllales, and Monocots 8. Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants: Eudicots UNIT III SYSTEMATIC EVIDENCE AND DESCRIPTIVE TERMINOLOGY 9. Plant Morphology Chapter 10. Plant Anatomy and Physiology 11. Plant Embryology 12. Palynology 13. Plant Reproductive Biology 14. Plant Molecular Systematics UNIT IV RESOURCES IN PLANT SYSTEMATICS 15. Plant Identification 16. Plant Nomenclature 17. Plant Collecting and Documentation 18. Herbaria and Data Information Systems UNIT V SPECIES CONCEPTS AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 19. Species and Conservation in Systematics Appendix 1. Plant Description 2. Botanical Illustrations 3. Scientific Journals in Plant Systematics 4. Statistics and Morphometrics in Plant Systematics

Read more less

Book SynopsisCould the race to de-carbonize our energy systems be leading us closer to environmental disaster?Why did biology choose carbon, in a variety of compounds, as its energy carrier and storage substance? From the smallest life forms, through multicellular organisms, and up to whole ecosystems, this economy of carbon compounds is fundamentally sustainable. Yet today, many are working to expunge carbon-based energy carriers from human economies, replacing them with solutions based on other elements and minerals. In The Decarbonization Delusion, independent scientist and writer Andrew Moore shows that the race to decarbonize is leading us further down the road to environmental degradation. Instead of banishing carbon, Moore argues that we should look to life on Earth, which has used carbon in highly sustainable ways for 3.5 billion years, as a model for how humans can use carbon sustainably.The Decarbonization Delusion begins by discussing carbon''s role in the inception of the universe and iTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Foreword Chapter 1: What carbon "does" in the universe - From the first stars to life on Earth Chapter 2: The carbon economy of nutrition and food production - Getting out of control in most respects Chapter 3: Sources and sinks - Where carbon compounds accumulate on Earth, and what they do there Chapter 4: Fuels, efficiency, and emissions - Understanding carbon-based energy carriers in the larger picture of sustainability Chapter 5: The call to "decarbonize" - Public perception, hard-to-abate carbon-positives, and hard-to-achieve carbon-negatives Chapter 6: Decarbonizing the car - Trading off CO2 against larger environmental problems? Chapter 7: A carbonaceous, biology-inspired recipe for sensible and environmentally-conscious energy economies List of figures References Index of topics

Read more less

Book SynopsisActive, accessible, and assuming no prior knowledge: the ideal text for biologists encountering bioinformatics for the first time.A vast amount of biological information about a wide range of species has become available in recent years as technological advances have significantly reduced the time it takes to sequence a genome or determine a novel protein structure. This text describes how bioinformatics can be used as a powerful set of tools for retrieving and analysing this biological data, and how bioinformatics can be applied to a wide range of disciplines such as molecular biology, medicine, biotechnology, forensic science and anthropology.Fully revised and updated, the fifth edition of Introduction to Bioinformatics contains a host of new material including new content on next generation sequencing, function prediction, sequence assembly, epigenomics, the bioinformatics of gene editing, and the effects of single nucleotide variants.Written primarily for a biological audience without a detailed prior knowledge of programming, this book is the perfect introduction to the field of bioinformatics, providing friendly guidance and advice on how to use various methods and techniques. Furthermore, frequent examples, self-test questions, problems, and exercises are incorporated throughout the text to encourage self-directed learning.Trade ReviewThis is an excellent textbook that would appeal to those new to the field as well as those who have prior experience in the subject area. The mixture of narrative and clear diagrammatic representation has been skilfully woven together to produce a rich contextualised resource. * Dr Don Green, London Metropolitan University *It provides an excellent introduction to the subject and balances a historical perspective with recent developments. Although it is easily accessible, in places it doesn't shy away from more complex, but relevant computational analysis. * Dr Colin Sharpe, University of Portsmouth *[It] discusses the key concepts well and in an easy to understand format, with useful exercises and examples of real-world applications. * Dr Dallas Roulston, Middlesex University London *The writing style is appropriate, consistent and very clear. * Dr. Lorena Fernández-Martínez, Edge Hill University *My "go to" introductory text on bioinformatics. Accessible, yet intelligent. * Dr Lee J. Byrne, Canterbury Christ Church University *Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: From genetics to genomes 3: The panorama of life 4: Alignments and phylogenetic trees 5: Structural bioinformatics and drug discovery 6: Scientific publications and archives: media, content, access, and presentation 7: Artificial intelligence and machine learning 8: Introduction to systems biology 9: Metabolic pathways 10: Control of organization and organization of control

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents an engaging and accessible examination of the role of systematic biology in species exploration and biodiversity conservation.Our planet and systematic biology are at a crossroads. Millions of species face an imminent threat of extinction, and, with knowledge of only a fraction of earth's species we are unprepared to respond. Species, Science and Society explains what is at stake if we continue to ignore the traditional mission of systematics. Rejecting claims that it is too late to document earth's species, that molecular evidence is sufficient and that comparative morphology and the grand traditions of systematics are outdated, this book makes a compelling argument for a taxonomic renaissance. The book challenges readers to rethink assumptions about systematics. Shattering myths and misconceptions and clarifying the role of systematics in confronting mass extinction, it hopes to inspire a new generation of systematists. Readers are giTrade Review"Wheeler’s compelling narrative reminds us of the unprecedented crisis facing biodiversity and forcefully argues that the way forward, for the sake of life on our planet and our humanity, must include and emphasize detailed morphological study of the species we name. This book is in part a provocative, fact-based opinion piece, a memoir of a lifelong passion for the wonders of the natural world, and a serious logical challenge to the hegemony of experimentalist and molecular genetics in biology. Wheeler’s take is more than just a screed on the current state of affairs, he lays out a vision of the solution. His solution requires a reconstituted science of taxonomy, a collaborative global workforce, and funds to make it happen."Kipling W. Will, University of California, Berkeley"The author has succeeded in writing a highly original book on species exploration: their discovery, explanation, and relationships, that is both rigorous and accessible to a wide audience. There is no book on the market that addresses the nature of the content of this book with the breadth, depth, and clarity that this book achieves."Antonio G. Valdecasas, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid"Usually thought of as the science dealing with describing and classifying all organisms, taxonomy is a rich and varied discipline. Quentin Wheeler’s book sets out to make a compelling case for taxonomy as a significant, fundamental, if under-appreciated, discipline. Rather than detail all the intricacies of its intellectual complexity, his book is a straightforward, no nonsense pragmatic account – one that should be, must be – read. But not just by life scientists and environmental policy makers, but by the general public as well – if for no other reason than to appreciate just how the interrelatedness of life on our earth is understood."David M. Williams, The Natural History Museum, London"Species, Science and Society is a constructive defense and promotion of Systematics in the 21st century... A timely book to remind us that good research in Systematics must integrate identification, description and classification in numerous and complementary comparative approaches... A clear statement that the results of Systematics are essential for a better understanding of Biodiversity, a fundamental societal challenge in facing global changes."Thierry Bourgoin, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris"This excellent book is lighting a path for those who wish to respond to the biodiversity crisis with expanded taxonomic knowledge rather than retracted expectations. It makes a persuasive argument for a mainly scientific solution to the biodiversity crisis based on the science of Systematics to replace the poverty of contemporary frameworks that treat the natural world as ecosystem services, natural capitol and nature-based solutions which, based on current data, have failed to halt or address the decline of biodiversity in any significant way. At its heart this book extols the idea that we need to live with, understand and document the natural world rather than solely viewing it as an object solely for exploitation."Robert Scotland, Oxford University"A plea for a renaissance of taxonomy in its full form by one of the greatest living advocates of the field. Wheeler speaks to the next generation of researchers in a personal and often humorous narrative, warning that the foundation of biodiversity studies is rapidly crumbling."Joseph V. McHugh, University of GeorgiaTable of ContentsPart I — Overview A Little about Molecules Scientific Malpractice The Science of Species The Art of Survival Cosmology of the Life Sciences Choices Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Taxonomy but Were Afraid to Ask A Science Misunderstood Greatly The Species-Scape The Illusion of Knowledge Morphology without Apology The Inventory Imperative Other than That, Mrs. Lincoln, How Was the Play? Part II — A Crisis of Crises Extinction Systematics under Siege The Nature Gap Options for a Sustainable Future Part III — Solutions Taxonomic Renaissance A Planetary-Scale Species Inventory Hall of the Holocene Shameless Self-Promotion The Evolution of Evolutionary Economics

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book consists of a series of papers that help to unravel the taxonomy of the phylum Brachiopoda and describe associated marine communities in the Levant. These faunas inhabited shallow shelf environments near the boundary of the Indo-African and Tethyan faunal realms near the Jurassic equator along the southern Tethyan margin. This research is part of a long term project that aims to delineate the distribution of brachiopods across faunal realm boundaries and reconstruct the biogeographic history of the region. The work provides a more detailed analysis of the endemism that is characteristic of the faunas of northern Sinai, the Negev and Jordan, and will also aid in the construction of a biogeographic framework for Jurassic strata in the Middle East. It represents an important contribution to our knowledge of the evolution of modern marine communities because their roots lie in the ecological diversifications of the Jurassic.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe island of New Guinea is the most floristically diverse island in the world with an extremely rich tree flora of up to 5,000 species. Trees of New Guinea details each of the 693 plant genera with arborescent members found in New Guinea. The entire New Guinea region is covered, including the West Papua and Papua Provinces of Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and the surrounding islands such as New Britain, New Ireland and Bougainville. The book follows contemporary classifications and is richly illustrated with line drawings and photographs throughout. Each group has a family description and key to the New Guinea tree genera, followed by a description of each genus, with notes on taxonomy, distribution, ecology and diagnostic characters. Trees of New Guinea is the essential companion to anyone studying or working in the region, including botanists, conservation workers, ecologists and zoologists.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe authority on the flora of this region. Detailed plant descriptions

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe first comprehensive photographic guide of around half of the known Malagasy species of grasses.

Read more less

Book SynopsisParasitoid wasps are cosmopolitan, numerous and enormously diverse with probably one million or more species worldwide, most of which occur in the moist tropics. Their ecological importance is enormous although perhaps most evident in their major roles in the control of insect pest populations. In natural ecosystems they are integral in regulating populations of a vast number of insects, and therefore are key players in terrestrial food webs. Knowledge of their biology is still very poor because the current state of taxonomy is still in its infancy in most parts of the world. In this book, we provide an overview of the more than 30 families of parasitoid wasps that occur in the 11 countries in South East Asia. Particular emphasis is given to those most commonly encountered and reared, as well as to those used in biological control programmes. Outlines of the morphology, biology, ecology and behaviour of each family, as well as of various important subfamilies are presented. The current state of taxonomy in the region is summarised. Other chapters cover basic biology, behaviour, morphological terminology, phylogeny and methods of specimen collecting, preparation and rearing with particular relevance to the tropics. Modern molecular approaches to speeding taxonomic description of hyperdiverse taxa are considered in depth. All groups are illustrated with colour photographs. This book will be of value to professional entomologists, academics, entomology students and the growing body of amateur entomologists and insect photographers.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Biology Chapter 3: Behaviour Chapter 4: Parasitoid Diversity, with Special Reference to S.E. Asia Chapter 5: Classification and Phylogeny Chapter 6: Morphology Chapter 7: Recognition of Major Groups Chapter 8: Orussoidea Chapter 9: Braconidae Chapter 10: Ichneumonidae – Darwin Wasps Chapter 11: Stephanoidea (Crown Wasps) Chapter 12: Evanioidea Chapter 13: Ceraphronoidea Chapter 14: Megalyroidea Chapter 15: Trigonalyoidea Chapter 16: Parasitoid Aculeates – Chrysidoidea Chapter 17: Parasitoid Aculeates — Vespoidea sensu lato Chapter 18: Platygastroidea Chapter 19: Cynipoidea – Gall Wasps and Their Kin Chapter 20: Proctotrupoidea Chapter 21: Diaprioidea Chapter 22: Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea Chapter 23: Collection, Preservation and Rearing

Read more less

Book SynopsisHow does death help us understand the living? Death is more than the last event of life; it is interwoven into our growth, development, protection against disease, and more. It influences the direction of entire species via the cycle of a lifespan, and it involves asking many fascinating questions. How do we differentiate between life and death, though? How do we know when a person, animal, or cell is really dead? How much grey area is there in the science? Why do we age? Can we do anything about it? Scientifically, there''s much we can learn about a living thing from its cells. In all living things, cells seem to carry death gene programs. Some living organisms have created systems to use these to their own advantage. Humans, for example, use the death of specific cells to hone our immune system and to give us fingernails and hair. Perhaps the most dramatic use occurs during the metamorphosis of insects and frogs. Even single-celled organisms use quorum sensing to eliminate some cellsTrade ReviewThe book is valuable for its encyclopedic scope and impressive information content * Richard A. Richards, The Quarterly Review of Biology *This is an expansive, nearly encyclopedic, review of the end of life, ranging from the life and death of cells to mass extinctions of species. Death is necessary for life to continue, and Gary C. Howard discusses all major categories of organisms, from bacteria, fungi, and plants to human beings. By reading Howard's book, readers will discover aspects of life they never before appreciated. * John Mayfield, Professor Emeritus, Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University *This remarkably interesting book explores a series of fascinating questions about life and death. Why do we age and what can we do about it? Gary C. Howard approaches these questions and, most amazingly, discusses how living organisms have evolved to use selective death to their advantage. Biology uses selective cell death to refine our immune system, to give us fingers, to allow fruit to drop from trees and tadpoles to become frogs. * Eric Verdin, CEO and President, The Buck Institute for Research on Aging *Table of ContentsPreface Chapter 1: Death in Life Chapter 2: Defining Life and Death Chapter 3: What Kills Humans Chapter 4: Aging and Senescence Chapter 5: Dying Chapter 6: Ashes to Ashes and Dust to Dust Chapter 7: Genetics of Life and Death Chapter 8: Death of Cells Chapter 9: Programmed Cell Death in Humans Chapter 10: Death in Plants Chapter 11: Death in Bacteria, Fungi, and Protista Chapter 12: Death on a Grand Scale Chapter 13: Last Hominid Standing Chapter 14: Bioethics Chapter 15: Future of Death Chapter 16: Death Is More than Dying Glossary References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisA complete treatment of the sedges of North America, this volume tackles the notoriously difficult to identify Cyperaceae, with illustrations of all species in the group, emphasizing its great ecological importance.Trade Review"This volume is such an important and useful contribution to the study of Cyperology that it is bound to have a permanent place on my desk." -- Clare Archer, Principal Scientist, National Herbarium,Pretoria, South Africa

Read more less

Book SynopsisA powerful and critical investigation of iron deficiency in women throughout evolutionary history and in our current societyWomen of the world are beset by a hidden hunger: iron deficiency. Up to 40% of reproductive-aged women across the globe have iron deficiency anemia, and it contributes to 20% of maternal deaths. Despite these dire statistics, women are not routinely screened for iron deficiency. Iron deficiency has been used as a tool to control, categorize, and even ignore women and their suffering. Biomedical remedies - mostly iron supplementation - are unequally and indifferently applied to global populations of women. Thicker Than Water explores the reasons women are especially vulnerable, using evolutionary theory and social theory to understand the causes and consequences of iron deficiency in women. Contrary to popular belief, homeostasis protects the iron stores of women from iron loss during menstruation. Women''s iron metabolism has evolved to balance the benefits and da

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe goal of scientific taxonomy is to come up with classification schemes that conform to nature's own. This Element surveys existing philosophical accounts of natural kinds, defends a naturalist alternative, and applies it to case studies in a diverse set of sciences. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.Table of Contents1. The metaphysics of kinds; 2. Theories of natural kinds; 3. Kinds of kinds; 4. Applications: kinds across the sciences; References.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents an engaging and accessible examination of the role of systematic biology in species exploration and biodiversity conservation.Our planet and systematic biology are at a crossroads. Millions of species face an imminent threat of extinction, and, with knowledge of only a fraction of earth's species we are unprepared to respond. Species, Science and Society explains what is at stake if we continue to ignore the traditional mission of systematics. Rejecting claims that it is too late to document earth's species, that molecular evidence is sufficient and that comparative morphology and the grand traditions of systematics are outdated, this book makes a compelling argument for a taxonomic renaissance. The book challenges readers to rethink assumptions about systematics. Shattering myths and misconceptions and clarifying the role of systematics in confronting mass extinction, it hopes to inspire a new generation of systematists. Readers are giTrade Review"Wheeler’s compelling narrative reminds us of the unprecedented crisis facing biodiversity and forcefully argues that the way forward, for the sake of life on our planet and our humanity, must include and emphasize detailed morphological study of the species we name. This book is in part a provocative, fact-based opinion piece, a memoir of a lifelong passion for the wonders of the natural world, and a serious logical challenge to the hegemony of experimentalist and molecular genetics in biology. Wheeler’s take is more than just a screed on the current state of affairs, he lays out a vision of the solution. His solution requires a reconstituted science of taxonomy, a collaborative global workforce, and funds to make it happen."Kipling W. Will, University of California, Berkeley"The author has succeeded in writing a highly original book on species exploration: their discovery, explanation, and relationships, that is both rigorous and accessible to a wide audience. There is no book on the market that addresses the nature of the content of this book with the breadth, depth, and clarity that this book achieves."Antonio G. Valdecasas, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid"Usually thought of as the science dealing with describing and classifying all organisms, taxonomy is a rich and varied discipline. Quentin Wheeler’s book sets out to make a compelling case for taxonomy as a significant, fundamental, if under-appreciated, discipline. Rather than detail all the intricacies of its intellectual complexity, his book is a straightforward, no nonsense pragmatic account – one that should be, must be – read. But not just by life scientists and environmental policy makers, but by the general public as well – if for no other reason than to appreciate just how the interrelatedness of life on our earth is understood."David M. Williams, The Natural History Museum, London"Species, Science and Society is a constructive defense and promotion of Systematics in the 21st century... A timely book to remind us that good research in Systematics must integrate identification, description and classification in numerous and complementary comparative approaches... A clear statement that the results of Systematics are essential for a better understanding of Biodiversity, a fundamental societal challenge in facing global changes."Thierry Bourgoin, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris"This excellent book is lighting a path for those who wish to respond to the biodiversity crisis with expanded taxonomic knowledge rather than retracted expectations. It makes a persuasive argument for a mainly scientific solution to the biodiversity crisis based on the science of Systematics to replace the poverty of contemporary frameworks that treat the natural world as ecosystem services, natural capitol and nature-based solutions which, based on current data, have failed to halt or address the decline of biodiversity in any significant way. At its heart this book extols the idea that we need to live with, understand and document the natural world rather than solely viewing it as an object solely for exploitation."Robert Scotland, Oxford University"A plea for a renaissance of taxonomy in its full form by one of the greatest living advocates of the field. Wheeler speaks to the next generation of researchers in a personal and often humorous narrative, warning that the foundation of biodiversity studies is rapidly crumbling."Joseph V. McHugh, University of GeorgiaTable of ContentsPart I — Overview A Little about Molecules Scientific Malpractice The Science of Species The Art of Survival Cosmology of the Life Sciences Choices Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Taxonomy but Were Afraid to Ask A Science Misunderstood Greatly The Species-Scape The Illusion of Knowledge Morphology without Apology The Inventory Imperative Other than That, Mrs. Lincoln, How Was the Play? Part II — A Crisis of Crises Extinction Systematics under Siege The Nature Gap Options for a Sustainable Future Part III — Solutions Taxonomic Renaissance A Planetary-Scale Species Inventory Hall of the Holocene Shameless Self-Promotion The Evolution of Evolutionary Economics

Read more less

Book SynopsisHONG De-Yuan’s three-volume monograph of the popular genus Paeonia is a comprehensive taxonomic revision, based on extensive field observations, population sampling, examination of more than 5,000 specimens, and multidisciplinary study. This final volume in the series focusses on the biology, phylogeny and evolution of Paeonia, illustrated with over 200 photographs, line drawings and maps. This is an essential reference for taxonomists, growers, breeders, horticulturalists and general biologists.

Read more less

Book SynopsisComprehensive guide to all palm genera of New GuineaWritten by international experts Scientifically accurate descriptions for each genus given, accompanied by extensive colour photographs and line drawings Each group has a family description and key to the New Guinea palm genera, followed by a description of each genus, notes on taxonomy, distribution, ecology and diagnostic characters

Read more less

Book SynopsisTicks of the family Ixodidae, commonly known as hard ticks, occur worldwide and are second only to mosquitoes as vectors of agents pathogenic to humans. Of the 729 currently recognized hard tick species, 283 (39%) have been implicated as human parasites, but the literature on these species is both immense and scattered, with the result that health professionals are often unable to determine whether a particular tick specimen, once identified, represents a species that is an actual or potential threat to its human host. In this book, two leading tick specialists provide a list of the species of Ixodidae that have been reported to feed on humans, with emphasis on their geographical distribution, principal hosts, and the tick life history stages associated with human parasitism. Also included is a discussion of 21 ixodid species that, while having been found on humans, are either not known to have actually fed or may have been misidentified. Additionally, 107 tick names that have appeared in papers on tick parasitism of humans, and that might easily confuse non-taxonomists, are shown to be invalid under the rules of zoological nomenclature. Although the species of ticks that attack humans have long attracted the attention of researchers, few comprehensive studies of these species have been attempted. By gleaning and analyzing the results of over 1,100 scientific papers published worldwide, the authors have provided an invaluable survey of hard tick parasitism that is unprecedented in its scope and detail.Table of ContentsACKNOWLEDGEMENTS INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 1 – TICK SPECIES FOUND FEEDING ON HUMANS CHAPTER 2 – TICK SPECIES WRONGLY CONSIDERED PARASITES OF HUMANS CHAPTER 3 – INVALID SPECIES RECORDED FROM HUMANS (synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda) COMMENTS AND CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES

Read more less

Book SynopsisIdentifying trees and shrubs by their scientific name is an essential component of the professional skills of foresters and other types of environmental scientists. This book is an ideal guide for learning procedures as well as a reference book for field use.Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction to Taxonomy. 2. Introduction to Forest Ecology. Part I: Taxonomic Concepts and Methodology. 3. Plant Classification. 4. Nomenclature. 5. Collecting and Preserving Specimens. 6. Key Construction and Use. Part II: Gymnosperms (Division Pinophyta). 7. The Gymnosperms: An Overview. 8. Gymnosperm Vegetative and Reproductive Structures. 9. Order: Pinales I: Pinaceae: Pinus. 10. Order: Pinales II: Pinaceae: Larix, Picea, Abies, Tsuga, Pseudotsuga. 11. Order: Pinales III: Cupressaceae. 12. Order: Taxales, Ginkgoales, and Cycadales. Part III Woody Angiosperms (Division Magnoliophyta)13. The Woody Angiosperms: An Overview. 14. The Woody Angiosperm Leaf. 15. The Woody Angiosperm Twig. 16. Angiosperm Flower and Fruit Structures. 17. Class: Magnoliopsida; Subclass: Magnoliidae. Magnoliaceae, Annonaceae, Lauraceae, Calycanthaceae, Aristolochiaceae,Illiciaceae, Schisandraceae, Ranunculaceae, Berberidaceae, Menispermaceae. 18. Class: Magnoliopsida; Subclass: Hamamelidae I. Platanaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Ulmaceae, Moraceae, Juglandaceae,Myricaceae, Casuarinaceae. 19. Class: Magnoliopsida; Subclass: Hamamelidae II. Fagaceae, Betulaceae. 20. Class: Magnoliopsida; Subclass: Dilleniidae. Tiliaceae, Salicaceae, Ericaceae, Clethraceae, Cyrillaceae, Sapotaceae,Ebenaceae, Styracaceae, Symplocaceae, Clusiaceae. 21. Class: Magnoliopsida; Subclass: Rosidae IRosaceae, Fabaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Hydrangeaceae,Grossulariaceae, Iteaceae, Cornaceae, Garryaceae, Nyssaceae,Aquifoliaceae, Celastraceae, Rhamnaceae, Vitaceae, Araliaceae. 22. Class: Magnoliopsida; Subclass Rosidae IIAceraceae, Sapindaceae, Anacardiaceae, Hippocastanaceae,Staphyleaceae, Rutaceae, Simaroubaceae. 23. Class: Magnoliopsida; Subclass: AsteridaeOleaceae, Bignoniaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Rubiaceae,Caprifoliaceae, Adoxaceae. 24. Class: Liliopsida (Monocotyledoneae)Arecaceae, Poaceae, SmilacaceaePart IV: Forest Community Ecology: Combining Species into Communities. 25. Introduction to Forest Ecology and Classification. 26. Forest Environment and Cover Types Regions 1 and 2: Northern Conifer-Hardwoodand Northern Hardwood-Conifer Forests. 27. Forest Environment and Cover Types Region 3: Central Hardwood Forest. 28. Forest Environment and Cover Types Region 4: Southern Pine-Hardwood Forest. 29. Forest Environment and Cover Types Regions 5 and 6: Rocky Mountain Conifer Forests. 30. Forest Environment and Cover Types Region 7: Northern and Southern Coastal Conifer Forests. Glossary of Technical Terms. Glossary of Genus and Species Names. References. Index of Species. Subject Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book, in three volumes, presents a detailed revision of the systematics and taxonomy of the platyhelminth class Trematoda, subclasses Aspidogastrea and Digenea, with keys for the identification of these parasites at the superfamily, family, subfamily and generic levels.The trematodes are parasitic worms infecting all vertebrate groups and include families of significance to human and animal health, with considerable economic impact. Volume 1 covers the subclass Aspidogastrea and order Strigeida, while the second and third volumes will cover the orders Echinostomida and Plagiorchiida.Table of Contents1: Class Trematoda Rudolphi, 1808 2: Subclass Aspidogastrea Faust & Tang, 1936 3: Subclass Digenea Carus, 1863 4: Superfamily Azygioidea Liihe, 1909 5: Superfamily Bivesiculoidea Yamaguti, 1934 6: Superfamily BrachylaimoideaJoyeux & Foley, 1930 7: Family Brachylaimidae Joyeux & Foley, 1930 8: Family Hasstilesiidae Hall, 1916 9: Family Leucochloridiidae Poche, 1907 10: Family Leucochloridiomorphidae Yamaguti, 1958 11: Family Moreauiidae Johnston, 1915 12: Family Ovariopteridae Leonov, Spasskii & Kulikov, 1963 13: Family Panopistidae Yamaguti, 1958 14: Family Thapariellidae Srivastava 15: Superfamily Bucephaloidea Poche, 1907 16: Superfamily Clinostomoidea Lühe, 1901 17: Family Clinostomidae Lühe, 1901 18: Family Liolopidae Odhner, 1912 19: Superfamily Cyclocoeloidea Stossich, 1902 20: Family Cyclocoelidae Stossich, 1902 21: Family Eucotylidae Cohn, 1904 22: Family Typhlocoelidae Harrah, 1922 23: Superfamily Diplostomoidea Poirier, 1886 24: Family Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886 25: Family Bolbocephalodidae Strand, 1935 26: Family Brauninidae Wolf, 1903 27: Family Cyathocotylidae Mühling, 1898 28: Family Proterodiplostomidae Dubois, 1936 29: Family Strigeidae Railliet, 1919 30: Superfamily Gymnophalloidea Odhner, 1905 31: Family Gymnophallidae Odhner, 1905 32: Family Botulisaccidae Yamaguti, 1971 33: Family Callodistomidae Odhner, 1910 34: Family Fellodistomidae Nicoll, 1909 35: Family Tandanicolidae Johnston, 1927 36: Superfamily Hemiuroidea Looss, 1899 37: Family Hemiuridae Looss, 1899 38: Family Accacoeliidae Odhner, 1911 39: Family Bathycotylidae Dollfus, 1932 40: Family Derogenidae Nicoll, 1910 41: Family Dictysarcidae Skrjabin & Guschanskaja, 1955 42: Family Hirudinellidae Dollfus, 1932 43: Family Isoparorchiidae Travassos, 1922 44: Family Lecithasteridae Odhner, 1905 45: Family Ptychogonimidae Dollfus, 1937 46: Family Sclerodistomidae Odhner, 1927 47: Family Sclerodistomoididae Gibson & Bray, 1979 48: Family Syncoeliidae Looss, 1899 49: Superfamily Schistosomatoidea Stiles & Hassall, 1898 50: Family Schistosomatidae Stiles & Hassall, 1898 51: Family Sanguinicolidae von Graff, 1907 52: Family Spirorchiidae Stunkard, 1921 53: Superfamily Transversotrematoidea Witenberg, 1944

Read more less

Book SynopsisNematodes that are parasites of insects are no longer a laboratory curiosity. They have begun to be accepted as environmentally benign alternatives to the use of chemical insecticides, for the control of insect pests. Nematode worms are now applied as biological control agents against insect pests of numerous horticultural and agricultural crops.This book provides a comprehensive review of entomopathogenic nematology. It begins by reviewing fundamental biology and setting a taxonomic foundation for nematodes and their bacterial symbionts. Several chapters are devoted to functional processes involved in parasitism and to nematode ecology. Later chapters describe technological advances and control methodologies.Table of Contents1: Taxonomy and Systematics, Byron J Adams and Khuong B Nguyen, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA 2: Biology, Taxonomy and Systematics of Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus,Noël Boemare, INRA, Montpellier, France 3: Bacteria-Nematode Symbiosis, Steven Forst, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA and David Clarke, University of Bath, UK 4: Virulence Mechanisms, Barbara C A Dowds, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co Kildare, Ireland and Arne Peters, E-Nema GmbH, Raisdorf, Germany 5: Bacterial Metabolites, John M Webster, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Genhui Chen, Kaiji Hu and Jianxiong Li, Welichem Biotech Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada 6: Biogeography, William M Hominick, CABI Bioscience UK Centre, Surrey, UK 7: Physiology and Biochemistry, Denis J Wright, Imperial College, University of London, Ascot, UK and Roland N Perry, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, UK 8: Survival Biology, Itamar Glazer, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel 9: Natural Enemies and Other Antagonists, Harry K Kaya, University of California, Davis, USA 10: Behavioral Ecology, Edwin E Lewis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, USA 11: Populations of Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Food Webs, Donald R Strong, University of California, Davis, USA 12: Genetics and Genetic Improvement, Ann Burnell, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co Kildare, Ireland 13: Formulation and Application Technology, Parwinder S Grewal, Ohio State University, Wooster, USA 14: Production Technology, Randy Gaugler, Rutgers University, USA and Richou Han, Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou, China 15: Regulation and Safety, Ray Akhurst, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia and Kirk Smith, University of Arizona, USA 16: Factors Affecting Commercial Success: Case Studies in Cotton, Turf, and Citrus, David I Shapiro-Ilan, USDA-ARS, Georgia, USA, Dawn H Gouge, University of Arizona, USA and Albrecht M Koppenhöfer, Rutgers University, USA 17: The Biosys Experiment: An Insider's Perspective, Ramon Georgis, EcoSmart Technologies, Franklin, TN, USA

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis is the second of three volumes of Keys to the Trematoda, a series on the systematics and identification of the Class Trematoda. The book presents the taxa in the Order Echinostomida and some of those in the Order Plagiorchiida, with keys for their identification at the superfamily, family, subfamily and generic levels. The keys are based on critical examination of specimens by subject experts, and generic diagnoses are accompanied by illustrations of important morphological characters. This volume includes seven echinostomidan superfamilies (the echinostomatoids, haploporoids, haplosplanchnoids, heronimoids, microscaphidioids, paramphistomatoids and pronocephaloids) and two plagiorchiidan superfamilies (the allocreadioids and lepocreadioids).The first volume covered the Subclass Aspidogastrea and Order Strigeida, while the third volume, due to be published in early 2006, will cover the remaining members of the Plagiorchiida.Table of Contents1: Introduction and key to superfamilies, A Jones 2: Superfamily Echinostomatoidea Looss, 1899, A Kostadinova, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria, and A Jones 3: Family Echinostomatidae Looss, 1899, A Kostadinova 4: Family Calycodidae Dollfus, 1929, R A Bray 5: Family Cathaemasiidae Fuhrmann, 1928, A Kostadinova 6: Family Fasciolidae Railliet, 1895, A Jones 7: Family Philophthalmidae Looss, 1899, I Kanev, University of Nebraska, USA, V Radev, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria, and B Fried, Lafayette College, USA 8: Family Psilostomidae Looss, 1900, A Kostadinova 9: Family Rhopaliidae Looss, 1899, V Radev, S L Gardner, University of Nebraska, USA, and I Kanev 10: Family Rhytidodidae Odhner, 1926, D Blair, James Cook University, Australia 11: Superfamily Haploporoidea Nicoll, 1914, A Jones 12: Family Haploporidae Nicoll, 1914, R M Overstreet and S S Curran, The University of Southern Mississippi, USA 13: Family Atractotrematidae Yamaguti, 1939, R M Overstreet and S S Curran 14: Superfamily Haplosplanchnoidea Poche, 1926, R Madhavi, Andhra University, India 15: Superfamily Heronimoidea Ward, 1917, A Jones 16: Superfamily Microscaphidioidea Looss, 1900, A Jones and D Blair 17: Family Microscaphidiidae Looss, 1900, D Blair 18: Family Mesometridae Poche, 1926, A Jones and D Blair 19: Superfamily Paramphistomoidea Fischoeder, 1901, A Jones 20: Family Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901, A Jones 21: Family Balanorchiidae Stunkard, 1925, A Jones 22: Family Brumptiidae Stunkard, 1925, A Jones 23: Family Choerocotyloididae Yamaguti, 1971, A Jones 24: Family Cladorchiidae Fischoeder, 1901, A Jones 25: Family Diplodiscidae Cohn, 1904, A Jones 26: Family Gastrodiscidae Monticelli, 1892, A Jones 27: Family Gastrothylacidae Stiles and Goldberger, 1910, A Jones 28: Family Olveriidae Yamaguti, 1958, A Jones 29: Family Stephanopharyngidae Stiles and Goldberger, 1910, A Jones 30: Family Zonocotylidae Yamaguti, 1963, A Jones 31: Family Zygocotylidae Ward, 1917, A Jones 32: Superfamily Pronocephaloidea Looss, 1899, D P Barton, South Australia Museum, Australia, and D Blair 33: Family Pronocephalidae Loss, 1899, D Blair 34: Family Labicolidae Blair, 1979, D Blair 35: Family Notocotylidae Lühe, 1909, D P Barton and D Blair 36: Family Nudacotylidae Barker, 1916, D P Barton and D Blair 37: Family Opisthotrematidae Poche, 1926, D Blair 38: Family Rhabdiopoeidae Poche, 1926, D Blair 39: Superfamily Allocreadioidea Looss, 1902, T H Cribb, The University of Queensland, Australia 40: Family Allocreadiidae Looss, 1902, J Caira, University of Connecticut, USA, and T Bogea, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil 41: Family Batrachotrematidae Dollfus and Williams, 1966, T H Cribb 42: Family Opecoeliidae Ozaki, 1925, T H Cribb 43: Family Opistholebetidae Fukui, 1929, T H Cribb 44: Superfamily Lepocreadioidea Odhner, 1905, R A Bray 45: Family Lepocreadiidae Odhner, 1905, R A Bray 46: Family Acanthocolpidae Lühe, 1906, R A Bray 47: Family Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942, T H Cribb 48: Family Brachycladiidae Odhner, 1905, D I Gibson 49: Family Deropristidae Cable and Hunninen, 1942, R A Bray 50: Family Enenteridae Yamaguti, 1958, R A Bray 51: Family Gorgocephalidae Manter, 1966, R A Bray 52: Family Gyliauchenidae Fukui, 1929, K Hall, The University of Queensland, Australia, and T H Cribb 53: Family Liliatrematidae Gubanov, 1953, A Kostadinova 54: Family Megaperidae Manter, 1934, R A Bray

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis is the third of three volumes of Keys to the Trematoda, a series on the systematics and identification of the Class Trematoda. It covers five superfamilies with the Order Plagiorchiida and the family Didymozoidae, with the keys for their identification at the family, subfamily and generic levels. It also includes a key to all dignean superfamilies, including those treated in detail in volumes oneand two.Trade Review"Keys to the Trematoda will become the standard reference on the group for many years. Given the infrequency of appearance of such large works, this is likely to remain the definitive work for the first half of this century and to find a place on book-shelves all over the planet." David Blair, School of Tropical Biology, Australia "...we consider the Keys to represent a valuable contribution to taxonomic research on trematodes...Keys to the Trematoda will undoubtedly represent an indispensable source of basic information about the systematics of these helminths." Scholz & Horak, Folia Parasitologica, 2003 "The editors and the authors have succeeded in preparing a book which is valuable to experts, practising Parasitologists and beginners, and they should be congratulated on their great success" Zdzislaw Swiderski & Boyko B. Georgiev Acta Parasitologica, 2005, 50(4)"Table of Contents1: Introduction and Key to Superfamilies 2: Superfamily Opisthorchioidea Looss, 1899 3: Family Opisthorchiidae Looss, 1899 4: Family Cryptogonimidae Ward, 1917 5: Family Heterophyidae Leiper, 1909 6: Superfamily Monorchioidea Odhner, 1911 7: Family Monorchiidae Odhner, 1911 8: Family Lissorchiidae Magath, 1917 9: Superfamily Gorgoderoidea Looss, 1899 10: Family Gorgoderidae Looss, 1899 11: Family Anchitrematidae Mehra, 1935 12: Family Brachycoeliidae Looss, 1899 13: Family Braunotrematidae Yamaguti, 1958 14: Family Collyriclidae Ward, 1917 15: Family Cortrematidae Yamaguti, 1958 16: Family Dicrocoeliidae Looss, 1899 17: Family Mesocoeliidae Dollfus, 1929 18: Family Orchipedidae Skrjabin, 1913 19: Family Paragonimidae Dollfus, 1939 20: Family Prouterinidae Foreyt, Schell & Beyer, 1996 21: Family Troglotrematidae Odhner, 1914 22: Superfamily Plagiorchioidea Lühe, 1901 23: Family Plagiorchiidae Luhe, 1901 24: Family Auridistomidae Stunkard, 1924 25: Family Cephalogonimidae Looss, 1899 26: Family Choanocotylidae Jue Sue & Platt, 1998 27: Family Dolichoperoididae Johnston & Angel, 1940 28: Family Echinoporidae Krasnolobova & Timofeeva, 1965 29: Family Encyclometridae Mehra, 1931 30: Family Gekkonotrematidae Yamaguti, 1971 31: Family Glypthelminthidae Cheng, 1959 32: Family Haematoloechidae Freitas & Lent, 1939 33: Family Leptophallidae Dayal, 1938 34: Family Macroderoididae McMullen, 1937 35: Family Meristocotylidae Fischthal & Kuntz, 1964 36: Family Mesotretidae Poche, 1926 37: Family Ocadiatrematidae Fischthal & Kuntz, 1981 38: Family Omphalometridae Looss, 1899 39: Family Opisthogonimidae Travassos, 1928 40: Family Orientocreadiidae Yamaguti, 1958 41: Family Reniferidae Pratt, 1902 42: Family Styphlotrematidae Baer, 1924 43: Family Telorchiidae Looss, 1899 44: Family Thrinascotrematidae Jue Sue & Platt, 1999 45: Family Urotrematidae Poche, 1926 46: Superfamily Microphalloidea Ward, 1901 47: Family Microphallidae Ward, 1901 48: Family Anenterotrematidae Yamaguti, 1958 49: Family Diplangidae Yamaguti, 1971 50: Family Eumegacetidae Travassos, 1922 51: Family Exotidendriidae Mehra, 1935 52: Family Faustulidae Poche, 1926 53: Family Gyrabascidae Macy, 1935 54: Family Lecithodendriidae Luhe, 1901 55: Family Leyogonimidae Dollfus, 1951 56: Family Pachypsolidae Yamaguti, 1958 57: Family Phaneropsolidae Mehra, 1935 58: Family Pleurogenidae Looss, 1899 59: Family Prosthogonimidae Luhe, 1909 60: Family Renicolidae Dollfus, 1939 61: Family Renschetrematidae Yamaguti, 1971 62: Family Stomylotrematidae Poche, 1926 63: Family Taiwantrematidae Fischthal & Kuntz, 1981 64: Family Zoogonidae Odhner, 1902 65: Family Didymozoidae Monticelli, 1888 66: Genera incertae sedis, genera inquirenda, nomina nuda, larval or collective names and recently erected genera

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis new edition, with more than 21,000 entries, provides the most complete listing available of generic names of fungi, their families and orders, their attributes and descriptive terms. For each genus, the authority, the date of publication, status, systematic position, number of accepted species, distribution, and key references are given. Diagnoses of families and details of orders and higher categories are included for all groups of fungi. In addition, there are biographic notes, information on well-known metabolites and mycotoxins, and concise accounts of almost all pure and applied aspects of the subject (including citations of important literature).Trade Review"The Dictionary of the Fungi is surely one of the most indispensable of all mycological publications - every student of the fungi should own, or have access to, a copy of the most recent edition.", Bryce Kendrick, Mycologist. Feb 2003"Table of Contents1: Dictionary of the Fungi 2: Dictionary of the chromistan fungal analogues 3: Dictionary of the protozoan fungal analogues

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book considers the natural history and cultural symbolism of a most unusual woodpecker – a species that neither excavates nest holes in trees, nor bores into wood to find insect prey. The Wryneck is best renowned for performing a twisting, writhing head and neck display when threatened, but this ground-breaking work reveals many more secrets of its behaviour and evolution. Detailed information is presented on the species' origins, taxonomy, anatomy, appearance, moult, calls, distribution, conservation status, habitats, movements, breeding, diet and relationships, along with a chapter on its closest relative, the Red-throated Wryneck. The text is richly illustrated throughout with high quality photographs as well as sound spectrograms. The author augments his many hours watching Wrynecks with comprehensive literature research, creating what is surely the definitive volume on the species. This all-encompassing and engaging account has been written for a wide audience, whether professional ornithologist, citizen scientist, amateur birder, woodpecker aficionado or simply someone who wishes to learn more about this curious and remarkable bird.Trade ReviewThoroughly researched and illustrated with many superb photographs, paintings and figures...Undoubtedly this comprehensive book will be the standard reference for birders, scientists, citizen scientists and naturalists who want to learn about the wryneck. -- Daniel Alder * Independent Ecologist and Researcher *The Wryneck is a thoroughly researched, comprehensive, well-written and beautifully illustrated portrait of these enigmatic birds. -- Linda Smith * British Trust for Ornithology *Entertaining and authoritative…The species' behaviour, its diet, its worldwide distribution, its favoured habitats and its place in folklore and mythology are all covered in absorbing detail. -- Jim Wright * The Heron – Lincolnshire Bird Club *This is a book that tells the story of an amazing species that used to be a common British breeding bird - the poet John Clare wrote a poem about them having watched them breeding in Cambridgeshire in 1835, for example. The Wryneck is now a passage migrant in Britain, especially in the autumn. Gerard Gorman (Mr Woodpecker!) has a wide experience of this species (even putting up nestboxes for them in his area of Hungary), and here he gives them the same close attention he did the woodpeckers of the world in a previous book. I found it very useful, as I have actually found the bird in spring below my house, and hope for its return as a British breeding species in future years. -- John Miles * Chick Books *...thoroughly recommended as an enjoyable way to increase your understanding of what is an iconic bird. -- Ed Stubbs * Birdguides.com *For woodpecker enthusiasts and anyone interested in how birds exploit distinctive ecological niches, as well as for birders who have or hope to see wrynecks when in the Old World, this finely illustrated book is a valuable resource. -- Roger F. Pasquier, The Wilson Journal of OrnithologyThe text tries to answer not only the questions introduced by the words when, where and how, but also tries to get to the bottom of the most interesting and fundamental moments that we usually prefix with why. So, if you have any questions about the wryneck... browse through this publication. I believe that you will be interested and that you will learn something new. -- Petr Procházka, Sylvia: Czech Journal of OrnithologyGorman skilfully writes a book based on an extensive scientific bibliography and enriches it with personal observations coming from his experience and long time spent observing the species in the field. As a result of this combination, the book is enjoyable to read and understandable by a very wide audience. -- Letizia Campioni, Avocetta Journal of OrnithologyTable of ContentsAbout the author Acknowledgements Preface 1. Origins and Taxonomy 2. Anatomy and Morphology 3. Description and Identification 4. Moult, Ageing and Sexing 5. The Red-throated Wryneck 6. Communication 7. Distribution, Trends and Status 8. Habitats 9. Challenges and Conservation 10. Behaviour 11. Flight, Movements and Migration 12. Breeding 13. Cavities 14. Foraging and Food 15. Relationships 16. Folklore, Mythology and Symbolism References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhy is life so diverse? Why are there so many kinds of species? This book explores the origin of biodiversity, its evolution and continuance, and the impact that humans are causing on this natural heritage.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book takes readers on an inspiring journey into the hidden world of moss, revealing the fascinating lives of the Microscopic Big Five, while exploring their vital role within moss, the global ecosystem and in science.

Read more less

Book SynopsisMosquitoes are undeniably one of the most studied groups of insects due to their great impact on human health as the agents that transmit the pathogens which cause malaria, filariasis and numerous viral diseases, such as yellow fever and dengue fever. The study of mosquitoes has given rise to a plethora of names for subspecies, species, subgenera, genera and family-level groups, many of which are duplicate names for the same entity. This unique volume is a comprehensive compilation of all scientific names introduced at all levels of classification within the family since the official start of zoological nomenclature. The work is largely a lexicon that is historical and informative as well as nomenclatural and bibliographic. Unlike catalogues, it contains sections devoted separately to the groups of names regulated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the species, genus and family groups, as well as sections concerned with names derived from personal and geographical names and other sources. In addition to insights into the history of mosquito classification, attention given to the formation, latinization and derivation of names makes the work a crucial contribution to mosquito science. Culicipedia is an important comprehensive reference source for students, entomologists, professional taxonomists and other scientists interested in culicid nomenclature, classification and the etymology of scientific names.Table of ContentsSection 1: Species-group Names Section 2: Genus-group Names Section 3: Family-group and Other Suprageneric Names Section 4: Species-group Names Formed from Personal Names Section 5: Species-group Names Formed from Geographical Names Section 6: Genus-group Names Formed from Personal Names Section 7: Some Interesting Species- and Genus-group Names Section 8: Phylogenetic Classification of Composite Genus Aedes Section 9: Changed Spellings of Species-group Names Appendix 1: Current Higher-level Classification of the Culicidae Appendix 2: Multi-generic and Traditional Classifications of the Genus Aedes Appendix 3: Table of Changed Spellings of Species-group Names

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe superfamily Chalcidoidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera) contains in excess of 26,000 described species worldwide, but with an estimated total diversity of more than 500,000 species the vast majority of species have yet to be discovered and described. Most chalcidoid species are parasitoids of hosts in at least 12 different insect orders, attacking the egg, larval or pupal stages, though phytophagy and other life cycles and hosts are known. Iran is the 18th largest country in the world and has a rich and diverse insect fauna, including Chalcidoidea. It is extremely interesting from a biogeographic point of view, and a paradise for an entomologist. This book summarizes the results of all prior research concerning species diversity of Iranian Chalcidoidea, including host records and distribution records by province in Iran as well as world distribution by country for 1,351 species of Chalcidoidea recorded from Iran through the end of 2019. The faunal diversity for each of the 20 families of Chalcidoidea known from Iran is also compared with that known for 15 adjacent countries. In addition, general information on world diversity, recognition, phylogenetic relationships and host relationships are given for each family. As such, the book will be an invaluable source of information for all those involved with chalcidoids, for anyone with an interest in insect systematics, and all those working in crop protection, especially biological control and Integrated Pest Management.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Agaonidae Chapter 2: Aphelinidae Chapter 3: Azotidae Chapter 4: Chalcididae Chapter 5: Encyrtidae Chapter 6: Eriaporidae Chapter 7: Eucharitidae Chapter 8: Eulophidae Chapter 9: Eupelmidae Chapter 10: Eurytomidae Chapter 11: Leucospidae Chapter 12: Megastigmidae Chapter 13: Mymaridae Chapter 14: Ormyridae Chapter 15: Perilampidae Chapter 16: Pteromalidae Chapter 17: Signiphoridae Chapter 18: Tetracampidae Chapter 19: Torymidae Chapter 20: Trichogrammatidae Chapter 21: Diversity of Iranian Chalcidoidea

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis section of the Handbook of Zoology is intended as a comprehensive and exhaustive account of the biology of the taxa Gastrotricha, Nematoda, Nematomorpha, Priapulida, Kinorhyncha, Loricifera, Gnathostomulida, Micrognathozoa, Rotifera, Seisonida and Acanthocephala, covering all relevant topics such as morphology, ecology, phylogeny and diversity. The series is intended to be a detailed and up-to-date account of these taxa. As was the case with the first edition, the Handbook is intended to serve as a reliable resource for decades. Many of the taxa of this volume are comparatively unknown to many biologists, despite their diversity and importance for example in meiofaunal communities (Gastrotricha, Rotifera, Gnathostomulida), their fascinating recent discoveries (Loricifera and Micrognathozoa), their importance as parasites (many nematodes, Nematomorpha, Acanthocephala) and their importance for evolutionary questions (e.g. Priapulida, Gastrotricha). The groups covered range from those poor in species (such as Micrognathozoa with 2 known species) to the species-rich and diverse Nematoda and their ca. 20.000 described species. While each taxon is covered by one chapter, nematodes are treated in several chapters dedicated to their structural, taxonomic and ecological diversity.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is the third volume in the Handbook of Zoology series which treats the systematics and biology of Coleoptera. With approximately 350,000 described species, Coleoptera are by far the most species-rich order of insects and the largest group of animals of comparable geological age. This third Coleoptera volume completes the Morphology and Systematics volumes with 43 chapters and covers one of the largest radiations of beetles, the mainly plant-feeding Phytophaga, with information on world distribution, biology, morphology of all life stages (including anatomy), phylogeny and comments on taxonomy.Trade Review"This volume is certainly a milestone in weevil systematics and will be so for a long time."Rolf Oberprieler, CSIRO Australia

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis section of the Handbook of Zoology is intended as a comprehensive and exhaustive account of the biology of the taxa Gastrotricha, Nematoda, Nematomorpha, Priapulida, Kinorhyncha, Loricifera, Gnathostomulida, Micrognathozoa, Rotifera, Seisonida and Acanthocephala, covering all relevant topics such as morphology, ecology, phylogeny and diversity. The series is intended to be a detailed and up-to-date account of these taxa. As was the case with the first edition, the Handbook is intended to serve as a reliable resource for decades. Many of the taxa of this volume are comparatively unknown to many biologists, despite their diversity and importance for example in meiofaunal communities (Gastrotricha, Rotifera, Gnathostomulida), their fascinating recent discoveries (Loricifera and Micrognathozoa), their importance as parasites (many nematodes, Nematomorpha, Acanthocephala) and their importance for evolutionary questions (e.g. Priapulida, Gastrotricha). The groups covered range from those poor in species (such as Micrognathozoa with 2 known species) to the species-rich and diverse Nematoda and their ca. 20.000 described species. While each taxon is covered by one chapter, nematodes are treated in several chapters dedicated to their structural, taxonomic and ecological diversity.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume of the series Handbook of Zoology deals with the anatomy of the gastrointestinal digestive tract – stomach, small intestine, caecum and colon – in all eutherian orders and suborders. It presents compilations of anatomical studies, as well as an extensive list of references, which makes widely dispersed literature accessible. Introductory sections to orders and suborders give notice to biology, taxonomy, biogeography and food of the respective taxon. It is a characteristic of this book that different sections of the post-oesophageal tract are discussed separately from each other. Informations on form and function of organs of digestion in eutherians are discussed under comparative-anatomical aspects. The variability and diversity of anatomical structures represents the basis of functional differentiations. Table of Contents1

Read more less

Book SynopsisKew Bulletin Additional Series X

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn Assembling Life, David Deamer addresses questions that are the cutting edge of research on the origin of life. For instance, how did non-living organic compounds assemble into the first forms of primitive cellular life? What was the source of those compounds and the energy that produced the first nucleic acids? Did life begin in the ocean or in fresh water on terrestrial land masses? Could life have begun on Mars? The book provides an overview of conditions on the early Earth four billion years ago and explains why fresh water hot springs are a plausible alternative to salty seawater as a site where life can begin. Deamer describes his studies of organic compounds that were likely to be available in the prebiotic environment and the volcanic conditions that can drive chemical evolution toward the origin of life. The book is not exclusively Earth-centric, but instead considers whether life could begin elsewhere in our solar system. Deamer does not propose how life did begin, becauseTrade ReviewDeamer touches on one of the most critical questions facing astrobiologists. I have long wondered exactly how nucleic acids, proteins, and membrane molecules came together; it must have occurred in a very small area, and over a relatively short time period ... Deamer's book nicely illustrates the progress we've made toward solving the puzzle in recent decades. * Dirk Schulze-Makuch, Air & Space magazine *Table of ContentsIntroduction: A brief history of the early Earth and its origin in the solar nebula 4.6 billion years ago Chapter 1: The early Earth: An ocean with volcanoes Chapter 2: Geochemical and geophysical constraints on life's origin Chapter 3: Hydrothermal conditions are conducive for the origin of life Chapter 4: Sources of organic compounds required for primitive life Chapter 5: Self-assembly processes are essential for life's origin Chapter 6: Condensation reactions synthesize random polymers Chapter 7; Bioenergetics and primitive metabolic pathways Chapter 8: Testing alternative hypotheses: Simulating the prebiotic environment Chapter 9: The Big Picture: Integrating chemistry, geology and life's origin Chapter 10: Falsifying the hypothesis: A critique Chapter 11: Where to next? Unresolved questions Chapter 12: Prospects for life on other planets

Read more less

Book SynopsisSince the Origin of Species was first published, Darwinism has been attacked for undermining traditional morality. In particular, because it emphasizes the kinship between humans and other animals, Darwinism seems incompatible with the traditional idea of human dignity - that human life has a special value, while other animals may be sacrificed for any purpose that humans choose. This book argues that Darwinism does undermine the traditional idea of human dignity; however, this is not a reason for rejecting Darwin''s outlook. Instead, it is a reason for rejecting human dignity and replacing it with a better moral view, a more enlightened ethic regarding both the value of human life and our treatment of nonhuman animals. This important book, presenting Darwin''s scientific and non-scientific views as one united theory, will stimulate all those interested in evolution, morality, religion, and animal rights to re-examine their views.Trade Review`Professor Rachel's study of ethics and evolution is an example of polemical writing at its best.' The Tablet`James Rachels can take a complex theory or tangled issue and make it lucid. The book is philosophically sophisticated, yet never obscure, pedantic, or muddled. The book should appeal to any thinking person who wishes to become better informed on the best current philosophical thought from the "animal rights" point of view.' Journal of Value Inquiry'he presents a stimulating argument in lucid prose, and demonstrates without question the relevance of Darwinian theory for ethics' Times Higher Education Supplement'A remarkably clear, straightforward, and brief discussion ... of the implications of Darwinism for animal rights.' Kirkus Reviews'lucid, thoughtful and well argued book ... Forceful, but never strident, it offers a moral perspective which thoughtful people, inside and outside the laboratory, would do well to ponder.' Philip Kitcher, University of California at San Diego, Nature'In his most engaging way, James Rachels ... shows how Darwinism undermines the traditional idea of human superiority, producing a book that is a powerful weapon in the war against speciesism.' RSPCA Journal'this ambitious book, like Rachels' previous books, is easy to read and is accessible to the many who want to know about how evolutionary biology, cognitive ethology and philosophy inform and motivate each other in coming to terms with many of the complex issues surrounding the treatment of non-humans by humans. But just because Created From Animals is an easy read, this does not mean that Rachels compromises quality. Rachels should be congratulated for his forthright, clear, and novel presentation, and also his willingness to argue openly a case that many would rather see argued behind closed doors or not at all.' Marc Bekoff, University of Colorado, Environmental Values vol.1, no.1'His style is pleasant, thoughtful, fair-minded and well-argued; and if the Christian reader is not convinced of the case Dr Rachels espouses he will nevertheless find this an interesting, instructive and rewarding study. ... this is a fascinating and worthwhile book.' Science & Christian Belief'it provides an excellent introduction to the whole of Darwin's life and thought' Ethology Ecology & Evolution 4: 1992`Rachels spells out some practical consequences of abandoning special category status for human beings.' The Heythrop Journal'His description of the development of Darwin's ideas about the mechanism of evolution is one of the best succinct summaries I have read.' Eugenie C. Scott, National Center for Science Education, Inc, Journal of Human Evolution (1993) 24Table of ContentsDarwin's discovery; how evolution and ethics might be related; must a Darwinian be sceptical about religion?; how different are humans from other animals?; morality without the idea that humans are special.

Read more less