Condensed matter physics Books

Book SynopsisThe study of solids is one of the richest, most exciting, and most successful branches of physics. While the subject of solid state physics is often viewed as dry and tedious this new book presents the topic instead as an exciting exposition of fundamental principles and great intellectual breakthroughs. Beginning with a discussion of how the study of heat capacity of solids ushered in the quantum revolution, the author presents the key ideas of the field while emphasizing the deep underlying concepts. The book begins with a discussion of the Einstein/Debye model of specific heat, and the Drude/Sommerfeld theories of electrons in solids, which can all be understood without reference to any underlying crystal structure. The failures of these theories force a more serious investigation of microscopics. Many of the key ideas about waves in solids are then introduced using one dimensional models in order to convey concepts without getting bogged down with details. Only then does the book turn to consider real materials. Chemical bonding is introduced and then atoms can be bonded together to crystal structures and reciprocal space results. Diffraction experiments, as the central application of these ideas, are discussed in great detail. From there, the connection is made to electron wave diffraction in solids and how it results in electronic band structure. The natural culmination of this thread is the triumph of semiconductor physics and devices. The final section of the book considers magnetism in order to discuss a range of deeper concepts. The failures of band theory due to electron interaction, spontaneous magnetic orders, and mean field theories are presented well. Finally, the book gives a brief exposition of the Hubbard model that undergraduates can understand. The book presents all of this material in a clear fashion, dense with explanatory or just plain entertaining footnotes. This may be the best introductory book for learning solid state physics. It is certainly the most fun to read.Trade ReviewThe style of the book is very accessible for undergraduates. The topics are well motivated and the explanations are clear, helped by a generous set of figures for illustration. This textbook may well establish itself as an alternative to the available classics. * Derek Lee, Imperial College London *The author, Steven Simon, is well known as an insightful scientist and an engaging and witty speaker, and it is a pleasure to see how well his talents translate to the printed page. He has re-examined with a modern eye the question of which topics should be covered in a student's first exposure to the physics of solids. My impression is that his presentation of those topics will be accessible for the student, illuminating for the expert, and entertaining for all. * Joel E. Moore, University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory *This textbook provides a clear and compact coverage of essential topics in introductory solid state physics. It also goes beyond the usual introductory level by providing more detailed mathematical treatment, but more importantly by providing a commentary to explain the physical significance of mathematical treatments. * Gavin Mountjoy, University of Kent *Table of ContentsPART I: SOLIDS WITHOUT CONSIDERING MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE: THE EARLY DAYS OF SOLID STATE; PART II: STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS; PART III: TOY MODELS OF SOLIDS IN ONE DIMENSION; PART IV: GEOMETRY OF SOLIDS; PART V: NEUTRON AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION; PART VI: ELECTRONS IN SOLIDS; PART VII: MAGNETISM AND MEAN FIELD THEORIES

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a broad overview on the different aspects of solar energy, with a focus on photovoltaics, which is the technology that allows light energy to be converted into electric energy. Renewable energy sources have become increasingly popular in recent years, and solar is one of the most adaptable and attractive types – from solar farms to support the National Grid to roof panels/tiles used for solar thermal heating systems, and small solar garden lights. Written by Delft University researchers, Solar Energy uniquely covers both the physics of photovoltaic (PV) cells and the design of PV systems for real-life applications, from a concise history of solar cells components and location issues of current systems. The book is designed to make this complicated subject accessible to all, and is packed with fascinating graphs and charts, as well as useful exercises to cement the topics covered in each chapter. Solar Energy outlines the fundamental principles of semiconductor solar cells, as well as PV technology: crystalline silicon solar cells, thin-film cells, PV modules, and third-generation concepts. There is also background on PV systems, from simple stand-alone to complex systems connected to the grid. This is an invaluable reference for physics students, researchers, industrial engineers and designers working in solar energy generation, as well those with a general interest in renewable energy.Table of ContentsI. Introduction 1. Energy 2. Status and prospects of PV technology 3. The working principle of a solar cell II. PV Fundamentals 4. Electrodynamic basics 5. Solar radiation 6. Basic semiconductor physics 7. Generation and recombination of electron-hole pairs 8. Semiconductor junctions 9. Solar cell parameters and equivalent circuit 10. Losses and efficiency limits III. PV technology 11. A short history of solar cells 12. Crystalline silicon solar cells 13. Thin-film solar cells 14. A closer look to some processes 15. PV modules 16. Third generation concepts IV. PV systems 17. Introduction to PV systems 18. Location issues 19. Components of PV systems 20. PV system design 21. PV System economics and ecology V. Alternative solar energy conversion technologies 22. Solar thermal energy 23. Solar fuels Appendix A. Derivations in electrodynamics B. Derivation of homojunctions J-V curves C. Some aspects of surface recombination D. The morphology of selected TCO samples E. Some aspects on location issues F. Derivations for DC-DC converters G. Fluid-dynamic model Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a highly integrated, step-by-step approach to the design and construction of low-temperature measurement apparatus. It is effectively two books in one: A textbook on cryostat design techniques and an appendix data handbook that provides materials-property data for carrying out that design. The main text encompasses a wide range of information, written for specialists, without leaving beginning students behind. After summarizing cooling methods, Part I provides core information in an accessible style on techniques for cryostat design and fabrication - including heat-transfer design, selection of materials, construction, wiring, and thermometry, accompanied by many graphs, data, and clear examples. Part II gives a practical user''s perspective of sample mounting techniques and contact technology. Part III applies the information from Parts I and II to the measurement and analysis of superconductor critical currents, including in-depth measurement techniques and the latest developments in data analysis and scaling theory. The appendix is a ready reference handbook for cryostat design, encompassing seventy tables compiled from the contributions of experts and over fifty years of literature.Trade ReviewThis book presents a highly integrated, step-by-step approach to the design and construction of low-temperature measurement apparatus. * Bulletin of the Institute of Refrigeration *Overall, I highly recommend Ekin's book. It is informative and well written, for beginners who are starting research at low temperatures and for veterans who will benefit from the author's experience. George O. Zimmerman, Physics Today, May 2007, page 67This extensively illustrated book presents a step-by-step approach to the design and constuction of low-temperature measurement apparatus. Many recent developments in the field not previously published are covered in this volume. * CERN Courier *I could not wait for this book to appear in print. I will make it required reading for anyone designing cryogenic probes for use in our laboratory. * Bruce Brandt, U.S.National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida *I am very impressed with the mixture of rigour and practicality that the book offers.[...] The charts are a treasure trove of practical information. * Mark Colclough, University of Birmingham *Beginners as well as [specialists] should have such a text, including the copious data on cryogenics ... * Hisayasu Kobayashi, University of Tokyo *I really liked the example calculations [...] If you don't find the information in the text, one can be sure that it's in the Appendix. This makes the text a 'stand-alone' book on cryostat design. * Karsten Guth, Universität Göttingen *Table of ContentsPART I ; PART II ; PART III

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Book SynopsisAn understanding of the quantum mechanical nature of magnetism has led to the development of new magnetic materials which are used as permanent magnets, sensors, and information storage. Behind these practical applications lie a range of fundamental ideas, including symmetry breaking, order parameters, excitations, frustration, and reduced dimensionality.This superb new textbook presents a logical account of these ideas, staring from basic concepts in electromagnetsim and quantum mechanics. It outlines the origin of magnetic moments in atoms and how these moments can be affected by their local environment inside a crystal. The different types of interactions which can be present between magnetic moments are described. The final chapters of the book are devoted to the magnetic properties of metals, and to the complex behaviour which can occur when competing magnetic interactions are present and/or the system has a reduced dimensionality. Throughout the text, the theorectical principles are applied to real systems. There is substantial discussion of experimental techniques and current reserach topics. The book is copiously illustrated and contains detailed appendices which cover the fundamental principles.Trade ReviewI can warmly recommend this book to anyone considering giving a course on magnetism and for those students of condensed matter physics, who have no access to such a course ... it is also very useful and enjoyable reading for those who have been working in magnetism for some time and have felt the lack of a systematic review of the subject. * Contemporary Physics *... the reader or student obtains a very thorough and systematic background in which to place the large variety of subject matter. * Contemporary Physics *Table of Contents1. Introduction ; 2. Isolated magnetic moments ; 3. Environments ; 4. Interactions ; 5. Order and magnetic structures ; 6. Order and broken symmetry ; 7. Magnetism in metals ; 8. Competing interactions and low dimensionality ; Appendix A: Units in electromagnetism ; Appendix B: Electromagnetism ; Appendix C: Quantum and atomic physics ; Appendix D: Energy in magnetism and demagnetism ; Appendix E: Statistical mechanics ; Appendix F: List of symbols ; Index

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Book SynopsisAn introduction to the area of condensed matter in a nutshell. This textbook covers the standard topics, including crystal structures, energy bands, phonons, optical properties, ferroelectricity, superconductivity, and magnetism.Trade Review"Don't skip the introduction. It will not only re-energize those synapses which remember the history of chemistry, geology, and crystal growth, but it also poses some apparently simple questions which reveal the thrust of modern material research--all in eight pages."--Bruce L. Dietrich, PlanetarianTable of ContentsPreface xiii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 1900-1910 1 1.2 Crystal Growth 2 1.3 Materials by Design 4 1.4 Artificial Structures 5 Chapter 2: Crystal Structures 9 2.1 Lattice Vectors 9 2.2 Reciprocal Lattice Vectors 11 2.3 Two Dimensions 13 2.4 Three Dimensions 15 2.5 Compounds 19 2.6 Measuring Crystal Structures 21 2.6.1 X-ray Scattering 22 2.6.2 Electron Scattering 23 2.6.3 Neutron Scattering 23 2.7 Structure Factor 25 2.8 EXAFS 26 2.9 Optical Lattices 28 Chapter 3: Emergy Bands 31 3.1 Bloch's Theorem 31 3.1.1 Floquet's Theorem 32 3.2 Nearly Free Electron Bands 36 3.2.1 Periodic Potentials 36 3.3 Tight-binding Bands 38 3.3.1 s-State Bands 38 3.3.2 p-State Bands 41 3.3.3 Wannier Functions 43 3.4 Semiconductor Energy Bands 44 3.4.1 What Is a Semiconductor? 44 3.4.2 Si, Ge, GaAs 47 3.4.3 HgTe and CdTe 50 3.4.4 k * p Theory 51 3.4.5 Electron Velocity 55 3.5 Density of States 55 3.5.1 Dynamical Mean Field Theory 58 3.6 Pseudopotentials 60 3.7 Measurement of Energy Bands 62 3.7.1 Cyclotron Resonance 62 3.7.2 Synchrotron Band Mapping 63 Chapter 4: Insulators 68 4.1 Rare Gas Solids 68 4.2 Ionic Crystals 69 4.2.1 Madelung energy 71 4.2.2 Polarization Interactions 72 4.2.3 Van der Waals Interaction 75 4.2.4 Ionic Radii 75 4.2.5 Repulsive Energy 76 4.2.6 Phonons 77 4.3 Dielectric Screening 78 4.3.1 Dielectric Function 78 4.3.2 Polarizabilities 80 4.4 Ferroelectrics 82 4.4.1 Microscopic Theory 83 4.4.2 Thermodynamics 87 4.4.3 SrTiO3 89 4.4.4 BaTiO3 91 Chapter 5: Free Electron Metals 94 5.1 Introduction 94 5.2 Free Electrons 96 5.2.1 Electron Density 96 5.2.2 Density of States 97 5.2.3 Nonzero Temperatures 98 5.2.4 Two Dimensions 101 5.2.5 Fermi Surfaces 102 5.2.6 Thermionic Emission 104 5.3 Magnetic Fields 105 5.3.1 Integer Quantum Hall Effect 107 5.3.2 Fractional Quantum Hall Effect 110 5.3.3 Composite Fermions 113 5.3.4 deHaas-van Alphen Effect 113 5.4 Quantization of Orbits 117 5.4.1 Cyclotron Resonance 119 Chapter 6: Electron-Electron Interactions 127 6.1 Second Quantization 128 6.1.1 Tight-binding Models 131 6.1.2 Nearly Free Electrons 131 6.1.3 Hartree Energy: Wigner-Seitz 134 6.1.4 Exchange Energy 136 6.1.5 Compressibility 138 6.2 Density Operator 141 6.2.1 Two Theorems 142 6.2.2 Equations of Motion 143 6.2.3 Plasma Oscillations 144 6.2.4 Exchange Hole 146 6.3 Density Functional Theory 148 6.3.1 Functional Derivatives 149 6.3.2 Kinetic Energy 150 6.3.3 Kohn-Sham Equations 151 6.3.4 Exchange and Correlation 152 6.3.5 Application to Atoms 154 6.3.6 Time-dependent Local Density Approximation 155 6.3.7 TDLDA in Solids 157 6.4 Dielectric Function 158 6.4.1 Random Phase Approximation 159 6.4.2 Properties of P (q, w) 161 6.4.3 Hubbard-Singwi Dielectric Functions 164 6.5 Impurities in Metals 165 6.5.1 Friedel Analysis 166 6.5.2 RKKY Interaction 170 Chapter 7: Phonons 176 7.1 Phonon Dispersion 176 7.1.1 Spring Constants 177 7.1.2 Example: Square Lattice 179 7.1.3 Polar Crystals 181 7.1.4 Phonons 181 7.1.5 Dielectric Function 185 7.2 Phonon Operators 187 7.2.1 Simple Harmonic Oscillator 187 7.2.2 Phonons in One Dimension 189 7.2.3 Binary Chain 192 7.3 Phonon Density of States 195 7.3.1 Phonon Heat Capacity 197 7.3.2 Isotopes 199 7.4 Local Modes 203 7.5 Elasticity 205 7.5.1 Stress and Strain 205 7.5.2 Isotropic Materials 208 7.5.3 Boundary Conditions 210 7.5.4 Defect Interactions 211 7.5.5 Piezoelectricity 214 7.5.6 Phonon Focusing 215 7.6 Thermal Expansion 216 7.7 Debye-Waller Factor 217 7.8 Solitons 220 7.8.1 Solitary Waves 220 7.8.2 Cnoidal Functions 222 7.8.3 Periodic Solutions 223 Chapter 8: Boson Systems 230 8.1 Second Quantization 230 8.2 Superfluidity 232 8.2.1 Bose-Einstein Condensation 232 8.2.2 Bogoliubov Theory of Superfluidity 234 8.2.3 Off-diagonal Long-range Order 240 8.3 Spin Waves 244 8.3.1 Jordan-Wigner Transformation 245 8.3.2 Holstein-Primakoff Transformation 247 8.3.3 Heisenberg Model 248 Chapter 9: Electron-Phonon Interactions 254 9.1 Semiconductors and Insulators 254 9.1.1 Deformation Potentials 255 9.1.2 Frohlich Interaction 257 9.1.3 Piezoelectric Interaction 258 9.1.4 Tight-binding Models 259 9.1.5 Electron Self-energies 260 9.2 Electron-Phonon Interaction in Metals 263 9.2.1 ? 264 9.2.2 Phonon Frequencies 267 9.2.3 Electron-Phonon Mass Enhancement 268 9.3 Peierls Transition 272 9.4 Phonon-mediated Interactions 276 9.4.1 Fixed Electrons 276 9.4.2 Dynamical Phonon Exchange 278 9.5 Electron-Phonon Effects at Defects 281 9.5.1 F-Centers 281 9.5.2 Jahn-Teller Effect 284 Chapter 10: Extrinsic Semiconductors 287 10.1 Introduction 287 10.1.1 Impurities and Defects in Silicon 288 10.1.2 Donors 289 10.1.3 Statistical Mechanics of Defects 292 10.1.4 n-p Product 294 10.1.5 Chemical Potential 295 10.1.6 Schottky Barriers 297 10.2 Localization 301 10.2.1 Mott Localization 301 10.2.2 Anderson Localization 304 10.2.3 Weak Localization 304 10.2.4 Percolation 306 10.3 Variable Range Hopping 310 10.4 Mobility Edge 311 10.5 Band Gap Narrowing 312 Chapter 11: Transport Phenomena 320 11.1 Introduction 320 11.2 Drude Theory 321 11.3 Bloch Oscillations 322 11.4 Boltzmann Equation 324 11.5 Currents 327 11.5.1 Transport Coefficients 327 11.5.2 Metals 329 11.5.3 Semiconductors and Insulators 333 11.6 Impurity Scattering 335 11.6.1 Screened Impurity Scattering 336 11.6.2 T-matrix Description 337 11.6.3 Mooij Correlation 338 11.7 Electron-Phonon Interaction 340 11.7.1 Lifetime 341 11.7.2 Semiconductors 343 11.7.3 Saturation Velocity 344 11.7.4 Metals 347 11.7.5 Temperature Relaxation 348 11.8 Ballistic Transport 350 11.9 Carrier Drag 353 11.10 Electron Tunneling 355 11.10.1 Giaever Tunneling 356 11.10.2 Esaki Diode 358 11.10.3 Schottky Barrier Tunneling 361 11.10.4 Effective Mass Matching 362 11.11 Phonon Transport 364 11.11.1 Transport in Three Dimensions 364 11.11.2 Minimum Thermal Conductivity 365 11.11.3 Kapitza Resistance 366 11.11.4 Measuring Thermal Conductivity 368 11.12 Thermoelectric Devices 370 11.12.1 Maximum Cooling 371 11.12.2 Refrigerator 373 11.12.3 Power Generation 374 Chapter 12: Optical Properties 379 12.1 Introduction 379 12.1.1 Optical Functions 379 12.1.2 Kramers-Kronig Analysis 381 12.2 Simple Metals 383 12.2.1 Drude 383 12.3 Force-Force Correlations 385 12.3.1 Impurity Scattering 386 12.3.2 Interband Scattering 388 12.4 Optical Absorption 389 12.4.1 Interband Transitions in Insulators 389 12.4.2 Wannier Excitons 392 12.4.3 Frenkel Excitons 395 12.5 X-Ray Edge Singularity 396 12.6 Photoemission 399 12.7 Conducting Polymers 401 12.8 Polaritons 404 12.8.1 Phonon Polaritons 404 12.8.2 Plasmon Polaritons 405 12.9 Surface Polaritons 406 12.9.1 Surface Plasmons 408 12.9.2 Surface Optical Phonons 410 12.9.3 Surface Charge Density 413 Chapter 13: Magnetism 418 13.1 Introduction 418 13.2 Simple Magnets 418 13.2.1 Atomic Magnets 418 13.2.2 Hund's Rules 418 13.2.3 Curie's Law 420 13.2.4 Ferromagnetism 422 13.2.5 Antiferromagnetism 423 13.3 3d Metals 424 13.4 Theories of Magnetism 425 13.4.1 Ising and Heisenberg Models 425 13.4.2 Mean Field Theory 427 13.4.3 Landau Theory 431 13.4.4 Critical Phenomena 433 13.5 Magnetic Susceptibility 434 13.6 Ising Model 436 13.6.1 One Dimension 436 13.6.2 Two and Three Dimensions 437 13.6.3 Bethe Lattice 439 13.6.4 Order-Disorder Transitions 443 13.6.5 Lattice Gas 445 13.7 Topological Phase Transitions 446 13.7.1 Vortices 447 13.7.2 XY-Model 448 13.8 Kondo Effect 452 13.8.1 sd-Interaction 453 13.8.2 Spin-flip Scattering 454 13.8.3 Kondo Resonance 456 13.9 Hubbard Model 458 13.9.1 U = 0 Solution 459 13.9.2 Atomic Limit 460 13.9.3 U > 0 460 13.9.4 Half-filling 462 Chapter 14: Superconductivity 467 14.1 Discovery of Superconductivity 467 14.1.1 Zero resistance 467 14.1.2 Meissner Effect 468 14.1.3 Three Eras of Superconductivity 469 14.2 Theories of Superconductivity 473 14.2.1 London Equation 473 14.2.2 Ginzburg-Landau Theory 475 14.2.3 Type II 478 14.3 BCS Theory 479 14.3.1 History of Theory 479 14.3.2 Effective Hamiltonian 480 14.3.3 Pairing States 481 14.3.4 Gap Equation 483 14.3.5 d-Wave Energy Gaps 486 14.3.6 Density of States 487 14.3.7 Ultrasonic Attenuation 489 14.3.8 Meissner Effect 490 14.4 Electron Tunneling 492 14.4.1 Normal-Superconductor 494 14.4.2 Superconductor-Superconductor 497 14.4.3 Josephson Tunneling 498 14.4.4 Andreev Tunneling 501 14.4.5 Corner Junctions 502 14.5 Cuprate Superconductors 503 14.5.1 Muon Rotation 503 14.5.2 Magnetic Oscillations 506 14.6 Flux Quantization 507 Chapter 15: Nanometer Physics 511 15.1 Quantum Wells 512 15.1.1 Lattice Matching 512 15.1.2 Electron States 513 15.1.3 Excitons and Donors in Quantum Wells 515 15.1.4 Modulation Doping 518 15.1.5 Electron Mobility 520 15.2 Graphene 520 15.2.1 Structure 521 15.2.2 Electron Energy Bands 522 15.2.3 Eigenvectors 525 15.2.4 Landau Levels 525 15.2.5 Electron-Phonon Interaction 526 15.2.6 Phonons 528 15.3 Carbon Nanotubes 530 15.3.1 Chirality 530 15.3.2 Electronic States 531 15.3.3 Phonons in Carbon Nanotubes 536 15.3.4 Electrical Resistivity 537 Appendix 541 Index 553

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Book SynopsisPart of a series of textbooks designed for use at undergraduate level. This second edition covers the whole range of solid state physics, including important recent developments, and aims to present the material in an accessible and simplified manner.Table of ContentsCrystal Structure. Crystal Dynamics. Free Electrons in Metals. The Effect of the Periodic Lattice Potential--Energy Bands. Semiconductors. Semiconductor Devices. Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism. Magnetic Order. Electric Properties of Insulators. Superconductivity. Waves in Crystals. Scattering of Neutrons and Electrons from Solids. Real Metals. Low-Dimensional Systems. Appendices. Bibliography. Solutions to Problems. Index.

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Book SynopsisAs an introductory account of the theory of phase transitions and critical phenomena, this book reflects lectures given by the authors to graduate students at their departments and is thus classroom-tested to help beginners enter the field. Most parts are written as self-contained units and every new concept or calculation is explained in detail without assuming prior knowledge of the subject. The book significantly enhances and revises a Japanese version which is a bestseller in the Japenese market and is considered a standard textbook in the field. It contains new pedagogical presentations of field theory methods, including a chapter on conformal field theory, and various modern developments hard to find in a single textbook on phase transitions. Exercises are presented as the topics develop, with solutions found at the end of the book, making the usefil for self-teaching, as well as for classroom learning.Trade Review'The strengths of this book are the quality and experience of Nishimori and Ortiz as researchers and teachers. They know well how to explain physical theories and formalisms, and their writings have a very low threshold for the interested and mathematically inclined reader. The book has a very nice selection of topics, ranging from the basics in the theory of classical spin systems, via renormalization group theory and conformal field theory, to duality arguments and disordered systems. Above all, the authors have succeeded brilliantly in conveying the elegance of this particular field of mathematical physics.' * Anthony Coolen, King's College London, UK *"I am convinced that this book will be extremely useful to students. It proposes a rather broad choice of topics, which have been wisely selected. It covers the standard theory of phase transitions without entering too much into the field theoretic technicalities, but insisting on precise examples (like the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition), and conceptual issues. I think that this book is likely to be a very valuable one, the kind of book that will immediately become a classic book, necessary to any graduate student willing to have a good knowledge in statistical physics." * Marc Mézard, Université de Paris Sud, Orsay, France *"This book gives a comprehensive and readable introduction to the most important aspects of the modern theory of critical phenomena. After a thorough discussion of the basic approaches of mean field theory and the renormalization group, more advanced topics, such as conformal field theory and spin glasses, are discussed to a level from which the reader can proceed to more advanced texts. The subject matter is well illustrated by examples and exercises, which makes this an ideal graduate text as well as useful background material for the more casual reader." * John Cardy FRS, University of Oxford, UK *"signigcantly enhances and revises a Japanese version which is a bestseller in the Japanese market and is considered a standard textbook in the field." * Artem Sapozhnikov, Zentralblatt Math *"It is a pleasure to read this book. One can see on almost every page that many years of teaching experience helped the authors during its preparation. The language is beautiful and clear, the figures have a good quality, and the manuscript has been typeset with great care...I warmly recommend the book to anyonw with an interest in the theory of phase transitions and critical phenomena." * Contemporary Physics *Table of Contents1. Phase transitions and critical phenomena ; 2. Mean-field theories ; 3. Renormalization group and scaling ; 4. Implementation of the renormalization group ; 5. Field theory ; 6. Conformal field theory ; 7. Kosterlitz-Thouless transition ; 8. Random systems ; 9. Exact solutions and related topics ; 10. Duality ; 11. Numerical methods ; Appendix: Solutions to exercises

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Book SynopsisThis accessible new text introduces the theoretical concepts and tools essential for graduate courses on the physics of materials. A range of traditional and modern topics are covered, with applications, exercises, color illustrations, online slides and solutions for instructors, and appendices reviewing fundamental physics and mathematical tools.Trade Review'This book elucidates the essentials of practical electronic structure theory utilized under the hood of commonly employed electronic structure codes, revealed with a clarity and succinctness that only these authors with many decades of experience at the research forefront can provide. This masterpiece is essential reading for researchers engaged in modern materials research, including recent topics in topological constraints and two-dimensional materials.' Evan Reed, Materials Computation and Theory Group, Stanford University'This is a wonderful book clearly explaining essential concepts of the quantum theory of materials. It should become a classic text in this field.' Marvin Cohen, University of California, Berkeley'A must-read for aspiring scientists and engineers in the age of interdisciplinary nanoscale science and technology. Two renowned masters in materials physics have opened the depth of condensed matter physics theories to the communities of condensed matter physics, materials science, physical chemistry, and chemical engineering!' Kyeongjae Cho, University of Texas, Dallas'Written by two leaders in the field … the book features a clear exposition of solid- state physics' fundamental theoretical principles, an excellent account of modern computational approaches and applications, and a first- rate introduction to modern topological concepts and their role in shaping the dynamics of Bloch electrons. Because of the authors' clarity, focus on basic principles, and thoughtful choice of examples, Quantum Theory of Materials serves as a top-notch introduction to solid-state physics not only for physicists but also for chemists, engineers, and materials scientists.' Roberto Car, Princeton UniversityTable of Contents1. From atoms to solids; 2. Electrons in crystals: translational periodicity; 3. Symmetries beyond translational periodicity; 4. From many-particles to the single-particle picture; 5. Electronic properties of crystals; 6. Electronic excitations; 7. Lattice vibrations and deformations; 8. Phonon interactions; 9. Dynamics and topological constraints; 10. Magnetic behavior of solids; Appendix A: mathematical tools; Appendix B: classical electrodynamics; Appendix C: quantum mechanics; Appendix D: thermodynamics and statistical mechanics.

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Book SynopsisPart of the new Ladybird Expert series, Bubbles is a clear, surprising and entertaining introduction to the science of bubbles. Bubbles are beautiful, ephemeral, fun, fragile, jolly and slightly unpredictable. We''re all familiar with them, but we don''t often ask what they actually are. The great scientists of the Western world - Robert Hooke, Isaac Newton, Lord Rayleigh and more - studied bubbles seriously. They recognised that they had a lot to say about the nature of the physical world, and they poked, prodded and listened to find out what it was. In the years since, we''ve learned that this bulbous arrangement of liquid and gas does things that neither the gas or the liquid could do by itself. Written by the celebrated physicist and oceanographer Helen Czerski, Bubbles explores how everything from the way drinks taste to the Earth''s temperature are influenced by bubbles. This book has a message: never underestimate a bubble!Written by the leading lights and most outstanding communicators in their fields, the Ladybird Expert books provide clear, accessible and authoritative introductions to subjects drawn from science, history and culture.For an adult readership, the Ladybird Expert series is produced in the same iconic small hardback format pioneered by the original Ladybirds. Each beautifully illustrated book features the first new illustrations produced in the original Ladybird style for nearly forty years.Trade ReviewThe artwork is gloriously retro, echoing the original Ladybird house style but containing completely up to date information. * Shiny New Books *

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Book SynopsisA thoroughly updated third edition of an classic and widely adopted text, perfect for practical transistor design and in the classroom. Covering a variety of recent developments, the internationally renowned authors discuss in detail the basic properties and designs of modern VLSI devices, as well as factors affecting performance. Containing around 25% new material, coverage has been expanded to include high-k gate dielectrics, metal gate technology, strained silicon mobility, non-GCA (Gradual Channel Approximation) modelling of MOSFETs, short-channel FinFETS, and symmetric lateral bipolar transistors on SOI. Chapters have been reorganized to integrate the appendices into the main text to enable a smoother learning experience, and numerous additional end-of-chapter homework exercises (+30%) are included to engage students with real-world problems and test their understanding. A perfect text for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking advanced semiconductor devices courses, and for practicing silicon device professionals in the semiconductor industry.Table of ContentsPrefaces; Physical constants and unit conversions; List of symbols; 1. Introduction; 2. Basic device physics; 3. p–n junctions and metal–silicon contacts; 4. MOS capacitors; 5. MOSFETs: long channel; 6. MOSFETs: short channel; 7. Silicon-on-insulator and double-gate MOSFETs; 8. CMOS performance factors; 9. Bipolar devices; 10. Bipolar device design; 11. Bipolar performance factors; 12. Memory devices; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisScientists are increasingly finding themselves engaged in research problems that cross the traditional disciplinary lines of physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and engineering. Because of its broad scope, statistical mechanics is an essential tool for students and more experienced researchers planning to become active in such an interdisciplinary research environment. Powerful computational methods that are based in statistical mechanics allow complex systems to be studied at an unprecedented level of detail. This book synthesizes the underlying theory of statistical mechanics with the computational techniques and algorithms used to solve real-world problems and provides readers with a solid foundation in topics that reflect the modern landscape of statistical mechanics. Topics covered include detailed reviews of classical and quantum mechanics, in-depth discussions of the equilibrium ensembles and the use of molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo to sample classical and quantum ensemble distributions, Feynman path integrals, classical and quantum linear-response theory, nonequilibrium molecular dynamics, the Langevin and generalized Langevin equations, critical phenomena, techniques for free energy calculations, machine learning models, and the use of these models in statistical mechanics applications. The book is structured such that the theoretical underpinnings of each topic are covered side by side with computational methods used for practical implementation of the theoretical concepts.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition A good contribution to scholarship in this area. * Paul Madden, University of Oxford *Addresses an important area in a nicely coherent and systematic way. * Marshall Stoneham, University College London *A welcome addition to the literature. * Daan Frenkel, University of Cambridge *Table of Contents1: Classical mechanics 2: Theoretical foundations of classical statistical mechanics 3: The microcanonical ensemble and introduction to molecular dynamics 4: The canonical ensemble 5: The isobaric ensembles 6: The grand canonical ensemble 7: Monte Carlo 8: Free-energy calculations 9: Quantum mechanics 10: Quantum ensembles and the density matrix 11: The quantum ideal gases: Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein statistics 12: The Feynman path integral 13: Classical time-dependent statistical mechanics 14: Quantum time-dependent statistical mechanics 15: The Langevin and generalized Langevin equations 16: Discrete models and critical phenomena 17: Introduction to machine learning in statistical mechanics Free

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Book SynopsisThis book provides an expert perspective and a unique insight into the essence of the science of materials, introducing the reader to ten fundamental concepts underpinning the subject. It is suitable for undergraduate and pre-university students of physics, chemistry and mathematics.Trade ReviewThere is no doubt that the intellectual quality of this book is extremely high. This is a book written by a materials scientist at the top of their game - one who has taught the subject as well being a world expert. This is distilled wisdom. * Mark Miodownik, University College London *This is a nicely written book. Great care has been taken to be economical with words, while giving clear explanations using accessible examples. This book appears to be a concise summary of the thinking of the author over several decades of teaching and research in the field. * Andrew Horsfield, Imperial College London *Sutton has succeeded in collecting the principal concepts of materials science into a short book. The content is accessible to students in the physical sciences and is elegantly presented. Sutton's goal to present things in the simplest form does not compromise rigor. * W. Craig Carter, Massachusetts Institute of Technology *Table of Contents1: When is a Material Stable? 2: Phase Diagrams 3: Restless Motion 4: Defects 5: Symmetry 6: Quantum Behaviour 7: Small is Different 8: Collective Behaviour 9: Materials by Design 10: Metamaterials 11: Biological Matter as a Material

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Book SynopsisIn crystal chemistry and crystal physics, the relations between the symmetry groups (space groups) of crystalline solids are of particular importance. Part I of this book presents the necessary mathematical foundations and tools: the fundamentals of crystallography with special emphasis on symmetry, the theory of the crystallographic groups, and the formalisms of the needed crystallographic computations. Part II gives an insight into applications to problems in crystal chemistry. With the aid of numerous examples, it is shown how crystallographic group theory can be used to make evident the relationships between crystal structures, to set up a systematic order in the huge amount of known crystal structures, to predict crystal structures, to analyse phase transitions and topotactic chemical reactions in the solid state, to understand the formation of domains and twins in crystals, and to avoid errors in crystal structure determinations. Part III delves further into some specific topics, namely the isomorphic subgroups of space groups, the theory of phase transitions, and computer programs dedicated to crystallographic group theory. In this new edition, several topics have been extended to cover the latest scientific findings, a new chapter has been added dealing with pertinent computer programs, and references have been updated.

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Book SynopsisIntroduction to Mechanics of Solid Materials is concerned with the deformation, flow, and fracture of solid materials. This textbook offers a unified presentation of the major concepts in Solid Mechanics for junior/senior-level undergraduate students in the many branches of engineering - mechanical, materials, civil, and aeronautical engineering among others. The book begins by covering the basics of kinematics and strain, and stress and equilibrium, followed by a coverage of the small deformation theories for different types of material response: (i) Elasticity; (ii) Plasticity and Creep; (iii) Fracture and Fatigue; and (iv) Viscoelasticity. The book has additional chapters covering the important material classes of: (v) Rubber Elasticity, and (vi) Continuous-fiber laminated composites. The text includes numerous examples to aid the student. A substantial companion volume with example problems is available free of charge on the book''s companion website.Trade ReviewThe book is well-crafted and organized logically. It fills a void in need for a book that is lucid and accessible to undergraduates taking a course in advanced mechanics of materials. The material covered spans a whole range of topics relevant to modern applications of solid mechanics, including fracture and fatigue, rubber elasticity, viscoelasticity, plasticity, and fiber-reinforced composites. This is an excellent book authored by leading authorities in the field who have taught this course at their respective universities. The companion book on example problems is a welcome addition. * Ravi Ravichandran, Caltech *This book is of the highest technical quality and maintains clarity for understanding. It covers a wide range of relevant topics for the undergraduate student in mechanics of solid materials and with a well thought out level of depth per topic. A notable feature of this book is that the authors are able to summarize the main ideas in easy to digest modules that give the student a sense of the topic... This book does a great job at bringing a fresh set of ideas into the undergraduate curriculum and therefore will find a wide audience with upper level undergraduates all over the world. * Shawn A. Chester, New Jersey Institute of Technology *This book covers at the right level of detail most of the important topics in solid mechanics including fracture, fatigue, viscoelasticity, composites, rubbers, etc., that are important in modern applications. * Prashant K. Purohit, University of Pennsylvania *The text is written with the required rigor to address the topics therein, while ensuring that the mathematics and surrounding prose is appealing to the intended target audience. * Dr Brian Mercer, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign *Table of Contents1: Kinematics and strain 2: Stress and equilibrium 3: Balance laws of forces and moments for small deformations 4: Stress and strain are symmetric second-order tensors 5: Isotropic linear elasticity 6: Elastic deformation of thick-walled cylinders 7: Stress concentration 8: Wave propagation in isotropic elastic bodies 9: Limits to elastic response 10: One-dimensional plasticity 11: Physical basis of metal plasticity 12: Three-dimensional rate-independent plasticity 13: Three-dimensional rate-dependent plasticity 14: Introduction to fracture mechanics 15: Linear elastic fracture mechanics 16: Energy-based approach to fracture 17: Fatigue 18: Linear viscoelasticity 19: Linear viscoelasticity under oscillatory strain and stress 20: Temperature dependence of linear viscoelastic response 21: Three-dimensional linear viscoelasticity 22: Rubber elasticity 23: Continuous-fiber polymer-matrix composites Appendices A: Thin-walled pressure vessels B: Elastic bending of beams C: Elastic buckling of columns D: Torsion of circular elastic shafts E: Castigliano's theorems F: Elasticity in different coordinate systems G: Hardness of a material H: Stress intensity factors for some crack configurations I: MATLAB codes

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Book SynopsisAimed primarily at experimental chemists, physicists, electronic engineers and material scientists interested in particulate and granular magnetic materials, this textbook is the culmination of over 40 years'' research into the subject.The text is divided into two parts. Part One covers the basic physics of magnetism from a relatively low level, including an explanation of some of the unusual terminology in magnetism such as the idea of poles and flux, whose origins are little understood. The complexity of the unit systems in magnetism are also presented. Thereafter a brief review of the principles of domain theory is presented and thermal activation effects and their correct measurement are discussed in some detail. The topic of exchange bias, where an antiferromagnetic material is grown in intimate contact with a ferromagnet, is presented in significant detail reviewing old theories and numerical models but then focusing on what has become known as the York Model of Exchange Bias whiTrade ReviewBoth a topical and established subject that is fundamental to the fabrication and development of a wide range of existing and emerging engineering devices. * David Cardwell, University of Cambridge *A high quality text for the physics and many technological applications of magnetism. * E. Dan Dahlberg, University of Minnesota *Table of ContentsPART I - BASIC CONCEPTS 1: Concepts, Terminology and Units 2: Magnetic Domains 3: Thermal Activation Effects 4: Exchange Bias 5: Magneto-Resistance PART II - APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES AND GRANULAR THIN FILMS 6: Ferrofluids 7: Magnetic Recording 8: Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM) 9: Outlook for Future Developments Appendix A - Demagnetising Factors for a Prolate and Oblate Spheroids Free

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Book SynopsisThermal physics deals with collections of large numbers of particles - typically 10 to the 23rd power or so. Examples include the air in a balloon, the water in a lake, the electrons in a chunk of metal, and the photons given off by the sun. We can''t possibly follow every detail of the motions of so many particles. So in thermal physics we assume that these motions are random, and we use the laws of probability to predict how the material as a whole ought to behave. Alternatively, we can measure the bulk properties of a material, and from these infer something about the particles it is made of.This book will give you a working understanding of thermal physics, assuming that you have already studied introductory physics and calculus. You will learn to apply the general laws of energy and entropy to engines, refrigerators, chemical reactions, phase transformations, and mixtures. You will also learn to use basic quantum physics and powerful statistical methods to predict in detail how teTrade ReviewI am a great admirer of Schroeder's book. While writing a graduate textbook in the subject, I studied many books in statistical mechanics, at various levels of sophistication. Of these, Schroeder's text stood out. Indeed, it was the only one I envied -- his sense of fun, his vivid explanations, and his deep insights into conceptual issues. * James P. Sethna, Cornell University, author of 'Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity', Second Edition, OUP 2021 *Table of ContentsPreface Part I: Fundamentals 1: Energy in Thermal Physics 2: The Second Law 3: Interactions and Implications Part II: Thermodynamics 4: Engines and Refrigerators 5: Free Energy and Chemical Thermodynamics Part III: Statistical Mechanics 6: Boltzmann Statistics 7: Quantum Statistics 8: Systems of Interacting Particles Appendix A: Elements of Quantum Mechanics Appendix B: Mathematical Results Suggested Reading Reference Data Index

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Book SynopsisReviews the field of critical phenomena, including the use of neutron scattering techniques as an aid in their study. This book introduces the principles of magnetic systems and their critical dynamics, outlining the experimental and theoretical methods that have been used to understand the scattering effect.Trade Review'Professor Collins' book is to be welcomed ... will be a useful introduction and summary for postgraduate students working in the field of phase transitions' Professor R.A. Cowley, FRS (Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford), Contemporary Physics, Volume 31, Number 3, May/June 1990Table of ContentsI: THEORY OF CRITICAL PHENOMENA: Introduction to critical phenomena; Ginzburg-Landau theory; Critical exponents; Universality, standard models and solvable models; Scaling; The renormalization group; Critical dynamics; More complex magnetic systems; Dilution, percolation and random fields; II: THE TECHNIQUE OF THERMAL NEUTRON SCATTERING AND ITS APPLICATION TO INVESTIGATE CRITICAL PHENOMENA: Basic properties of thermal neutrons; Correlation function formalism; Bragg scattering; Measurement of critical dynamics; III: MEASUREMENTS OF CRITICAL SCATTERING: Two- and one-dimensional systems; Three-dimensional Ising systems; Other simple systems in three dimensions; Multicritical points; Critical phase transitions in magnetic metals; Critical scattering investigations of dilution, percolation and random-field effects.

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Book SynopsisThis book is aimed at first and second year undergraduates taking a course in solid state physics. It is suitable for physics or engineering students. It does not assume any prior knowledge of quantum theory. It covers all of the standard topics in solid state physics, i.e. crystal structure, mechanical, electrical, thermal, and magnetic properties, metals, semiconductors, dielectrics, superconductors and amorphous solids, and also includes an introductory chapter on chemical bonds and a chapter on polymers. The text is largely non-mathematical, but questions are integrated into the text to encourage readers to tackle the problem-solving aspects of the subject. Worked examples and a complete set of detailed solutions are included. More challenging topics (either mathematically or conceptually more difficult) are treated in optional sections.Trade ReviewI like the way the book starts with bonds between atoms before the obligatory chapter on crystalline solids, followed by an excellent treatment of mechanical properties. The standard topics of solid-state physics are then presented, starting with electronic properties. There is a splendid final chapter on polymers. The style is confident, authoritative and up to date ...Richard Feynman, in evaluating his own attempt to teach quantum mechanics early in a physics course, reckoned he had failed. Has Richard Turton succeeded? I think he has. Andrew Briggs, professor of materials, University of Oxford The Times Higher, 24 November 2000 (Physics and Engineering)Table of Contents1. Bonds between atoms ; 2. Crystals and crystalline solids ; 3. Mechanical properties of solids ; 4. Electrical properties of solids ; 5. Semiconductors ; 6. Semiconductor devices ; 7. Thermal processes ; 8. Magnetic properties ; 9. Superconductivity ; 10. Dielectrics ; 11. Crystallization and amorphous solids ; 12. Polymers ; Further reading ; Appendix A: Introduction to quantum concepts ; Appendix B: Relationship between interatomic force and potential energy ; Solutions to exercises

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Book SynopsisThis book explains the ideas and techniques of statistical mechanics-the theory of condensed matter-in a simple and progressive way. The text starts with the laws of thermodynamics and simple ideas of quantum mechanics. The conceptual ideas underlying the subject are explained carefully; the mathematical ideas are developed in parallel to give a coherent overall view. The text is illustrated with examples not just from solid state physics, but also from recent theories of radiation from black holes and recent data on the background radiation from the Cosmic background explorer. In this second edition, slightly more advanced material on statistical mechanics is introduced, material which students should meet in an undergraduate course. As a result the new edition contains three more chapters on phase transitions at an appropriate level for an undergraduate student. There are plenty of problems at the end of each chapter, and brief model answers are provided for odd-numbered problems. From reviews of the first edition: ''...Introductory Statistical Mechanics is clear and crisp and takes advantage of the best parts of the many approaches to the subject'' Physics Today

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Book SynopsisThis textbook series has been designed for final year undergraduate and first year graduate students, providing an overview of the entire field, showing how specialized topics are part of the wider whole, and including references to current areas of literature and research.Table of Contents1. Bose-Einstein condensates ; 2. Superfluid helium-4 ; 3. Superconductivity ; 4. The Ginzburg-Landau model ; 5. The macroscopic coherent state ; 6. The BCS theory of superconductivity ; 7. Superfluid helium-3 and unconventional superconductivity ; A. Solutions and hints to selected exercises

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Book SynopsisStatistical mechanics is the science of predicting the observable properties of a multiple bodied system by studying the statistics of the behaviour of its individual constituents, whether they are atoms, molecules, photons, etc. It provides the link between macroscopic and microscopic states, and as such has the potential to be one of the most satisfying parts of an undergraduate science course - linking in an elegant manner the quantum world with everyday observations of systems containing large numbers of particles.This excellent text is designed to introduce the fundamentals of the subject of statistical mechanics at a level suitable for students who meet the subject for the first time. The treatment given here is designed to give the student a feeling for the topic of statistical mechanics without being held back by the need to understand complex mathematics. The text is concise and concentrates on the understanding of fundamental aspects. Numerous questions with worked solutions Trade Review... constructured with great care and with plenty of worked-out problems. * Times Higher Education Supplement *Table of ContentsPreface ; 1. Back to basics ; 2. The statistics of distinguishable particles ; 3. Paramagnets and oscillators ; 4. Indistinguishable particles and monatomic ideal gases ; 5. Diatomic ideal gases ; 6. Quantum statistics ; 7. Electrons in metals ; 8. Photons and phonons ; 9. Bose-Einstein condensation ; 10. Ensembles ; 11. The end is in sight ; Appendix A: Worked Answers ; Appendix B: Useful Integrals ; Appendix C: Physical Constants ; Appendix D: Bibliography ; Index

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Book SynopsisThis is a simple, but complete, description of synchrotron sources and free electron lasers and of the corresponding instrumentation and techniques. The emphasis is on basic concepts and the mathematical formalism is reduced to a minimum.Trade Review... a useful and refreshing treatment of synchrotron radiation * A.M. Glazer, University of Oxford *... a unique source of information * A. Snigirev, ESRF, Grenoble *... will appeal to all synchrotron radiation users. * D.M. Lawson, Biological Chemistry Dept, John Innes Centre, Norwich *Table of Contents1. Smart tourist guide to a synchrotron light facility ; 2. The Facility ; 3. Applications of synchrotron light ; 4. Free electron lasers (FELs) ; 5. Future directions

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Book SynopsisSpin glasses are magnetic materials. Statistical mechanics, a subfield of physics, has been a powerful tool to theoretically analyse various unique properties of spin glasses. A number of new analytical techniques have been developed to establish a theory of spin glasses. Surprisingly, these techniques have turned out to offer new tools and viewpoints for the understanding of information processing problems, including neural networks, error-correcting codes, image restoration, and optimization problems. This book is one of the first publications of the past ten years that provide a broad overview of this interdisciplinary field. Most of the book is written in a self-contained manner, assuming only a general knowledge of statistical mechanics and basic probability theory. It provides the reader with a sound introduction to the field and to the analytical techniques necessary to follow its most recent developments.Trade Review... very enjoyable to read and often opening the reader's eye to new possibilities. This is a perfect introduction to the field for students and researchers who want to study problems in information science, including the use of physics in information processing * Butsuri *Table of Contents1. Mean-field theory of phase transitions ; 2. Mean-field theory of spin glasses ; 3. Replica symmetry breaking ; 4. Gauge theory of spin glasses ; 5. Error-correcting codes ; 6. Image restoration ; 7. Associative memory ; 8. Learning in perceptron ; 9. Optimization problems ; A. Eigenvalues of the Hessian ; B. Parisi equation ; C. Channel coding theorem ; D. Distribution and free energy of K-Sat ; References ; Index

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Book SynopsisAn invaluable, up-to-date reference aid for investigators and researchers, this two-volume work develops the principles and concepts of statistical physics and quantum chemistry that are the basis for the interpretation of experimental data.

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Book SynopsisQuantum information- the subject- is a new and exciting area of science, which brings together physics, information theory, computer science and mathematics. Quantum Information- the book- is based on two successful lecture courses given to advanced undergraduate and beginning postgraduate students in physics. The intention is to introduce readers at this level to the fundamental, but offer rather simple, ideas behind ground-breaking developments including quantum cryptography, teleportation and quantum computing. The text is necessarily rather mathematical in style, but the mathematics nowhere allowed priority over the key physical ideas. My aim throughout was to be as complete and self- contained but to avoid, as far as possible, lengthy and formal mathematical proofs. Each of the eight chapters is followed by about forty exercise problems with which the reader can test their understanding and hone their skills. These will also provide a valuable resource to tutors and lectures.Trade ReviewThis is an excellent introductory book, ideal for a final year UK undergraduate course in QI. It is the best one I have found so far and provides an excellent grounding for more advanced books like Nielsen and Chuang for example * Professor David Toms, Newcastle University *Stephen Barnett's Quantum Information is a concise and remarkably readable account of most of the developments in the field. His book touches on almost all aspects of quantum information and quantum computing, including communication and measurement theory, entanglement, and computing algorithms. An impressive book...The engaging introductory chapters, extensive problem sets, and exhaustive appendices result in a textbook highly recommended for a one-semester course on quantum information at the advanced undergraduate or graduate level. * Physics Today *A carefully written book..., well suited as a textbook..., strong on pedagogy..., accomplishes a lot as a very accessible first introduction to quantum information. * American Journal of Physics *...an impressive book. The engaging introductory chapters, extensive problems sets, and exhaustive appendices result in a textbook that I highly recommend for a one-semester course on quantum information at the advanced undergraduate or graduate level. * M. Suhail Zubairy, Physics Today *A nice introduction to quantum information. * Mathematical Reviews *Table of Contents1. Probability and Information ; 2. Elements of Quantum Theory ; 3. Quantum Cryptography ; 4. Generalized Measurements ; 5. Entaglement ; 6. Quantum Information processing ; 7. Quantum Computation ; 8. Quantum Information theory

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Book SynopsisCrystal Structure Refinement is a mixture of textbook and tutorial. As A Crystallographers Guide to SHELXL it covers advanced aspects of practical crystal structure refinement, which have not been much addressed by textbooks so far. After an introduction to SHELXL in the first chapter, a brief survey of crystal structure refinement is provided. Chapters three and higher address the various aspects of structure refinement, from the treatment of hydrogen atoms to the assignment of atom types, to disorder, to non-crystallographic symmetry and twinning. One chapter is dedicated to the refinement of macromolecular structures and two short chapters deal with structure validation (one for small molecule structures and one for macromolecules). In each of the chapters the book gives refinement examples, based on the program SHELXL, describing every problem in detail. It comes with a CD-ROM with all files necessary to reproduce the refinements.Trade Review`A key purchase for a wide population of scientists engaged in crystal structure determination...The depth of coverage of important topics such as twinning and disorder will be very valuable to structural scientists, and will provide information and an approach that is not currently available. ' Alexander J. Blake, University of Nottingham`A high quality text. ' David J. Watkin, University of OxfordTable of Contents1. SHELXL ; 2. Crystal Structure Refinement ; 3. Hydrogen Atoms ; 4. Atom Type Assignment ; 5. Disorder ; 6. Pseudo Symmetry ; 7. Twinning ; 8. Artefacts ; 9. Structure Validation ; 10. Protein Refinement with SHELXL ; 11. Protein Structure (Cross) Validation ; 12. General Remarks

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Book SynopsisIn crystal chemistry and crystal physics, the relations between the symmetry groups (space groups) of crystalline solids are of special importance. Part 1 of this book presents the necessary mathematical foundations and tools: the fundamentals of crystallography with special emphasis on symmetry, the theory of the crystallographic groups, and the formalisms of the needed crystallographic computations. Part 2 gives an insight into applications to problems in crystal chemistry. With the aid of numerous examples, it is shown how crystallographic group theory can be used to make evident relationships between crystal structures, to set up a systematic order in the huge amount of known crystal structures, to predict crystal structures, to analyse phase transitions and topotactic reactions in the solid state, to understand the formation of domains and twins in crystals, and to avoid errors in crystal structure determinations.A broad range of end-of-chapter exercises offers the possibility to Trade ReviewHere we have ... a rigorous, carefully checked and polished text which ... we have a reference text which, with its numerous examples and exercises, also perfectly fits the purpose of self-study, provided the reader is sufficiently familiar with space-group theory ... This is a book that every crystallographer taking seriously his job should have on his shelf. * Acta Crystallographica B *Structural crystallographers in biology, chemistry and physics meet symmetry and sometimes relatively complicated cases. More can be made of symmetry relations too. This book takes the reader beyond structure. The book shows how to make use of the symmetry relations described in International Tables as well as understand, for example, crystal structure types, analyse phase transitions, domain formation and twinning in crystals as well as to avoid errors in crystal structure determinations such as choice of incorrect space group. Numerous chapter exercises are a distinctive feature and offer the possibility to apply the material that has been learnt; solutions to the exercises are at the end of the book. * John R. Helliwell, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester *Table of ContentsPART I: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC FOUNDATIONS; PART II: SYMMETRY RELATIONS BETWEEN SPACE GROUPS AS A TOOL TO DISCLOSE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN CRYSTAL STRUCTURES; PART I: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC FOUNDATIONS; PART II: SYMMETRY RELATIONS BETWEEN SPACE GROUPS AS A TOOL TO DISCLOSE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN CRYSTAL STRUCTURES

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Book SynopsisOxide Thin Films and Nanostructures is an interdisciplinary approach to introduce readers to the field of oxide nano-materials, that is oxides of nano-meter size and dimensions. Emphasis is put to differentiate these nanoscale oxide objects from their solid bulk oxide parents and present their properties in a pedagogic way.Trade ReviewThe authors of Oxide Thin Films and Nanostructures have produced a state-of-the-art reference on the topic, an interesting book reflecting the longstanding experience of its authors. * Axel Mainzer Koenig, Optics and Phonetic News, Optica *A very timely book. Oxides are all over the places on Earth and have proven of paramount importance in modern technologies. The book provides a good equilibrium between technical aspects and applications. * Gerald Bastard, Physics Department, Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris *The book should have interdisciplinary appeal. There have been tremendous advances made in understanding oxide films and structures at the nano level, and the importance of such systems in solid state chemistry, physics, materials science, applied physics etc. * Neil Allan, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol *Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: Growth of oxide thin films and nanoparticles: methods of fabrication 3: Methods of study 4: Oxide thin film properties 5: Two-dimensional oxides 6: Oxide nanoparticles 7: Clay mineral layers and nanoparticles 8: Surface chemistry, energy conversion and related applications 9: Synopsis and outlook

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