Gravity Books
Princeton University Press Gravitation
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Kip S. Thorne, Co-Winner of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics"
£55.80
Cambridge University Press Quantum Geometry Matrix Theory and Gravity
Book SynopsisBuilding on mathematical structures familiar from quantum mechanics, this book provides an introduction to quantization in a broad context before developing a framework for quantum geometry in Matrix Theory and string theory. Taking a physics-oriented approach to quantum geometry, this framework helps explain the physics of Yang?Mills-type matrix models, leading to a quantum theory of space-time and matter. This novel framework is then applied to Matrix Theory, which is defined through distinguished maximally supersymmetric matrix models related to string theory. A mechanism for gravity is discussed in depth, which emerges as a quantum effect on quantum space-time within Matrix Theory. Using explicit examples and exercises, readers will develop a physical intuition for the mathematical concepts and mechanisms. It will benefit advanced students and researchers in theoretical and mathematical physics, and is a useful resource for physicists and mathematicians interested in the geometrical aspects of quantization in a broader context.
£56.99
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Breakdown Of Einstein's Equivalence Principle
Book SynopsisAn equality between inertial and gravitational masses was established by Galileo Galilei more than 400 years ago and was accepted by Albert Einstein as a key point of his theory of gravitation — General Relativity. The above mentioned equality is called the Equivalence Principle. In this pioneering book, some unusual situations are described, where the Equivalence Principle is theoretically broken, and the possible experiments, where such breakdowns can be observed, are discussed in a brief. It is known that, in standard situations, the Equivalence Principle is extremely well established on Earth and in space in numerous experiments, including experiments during the recent space mission MICROSCOPE. Therefore, this book suggests a real breakthrough in the better understanding of Einstein's gravitational theory and its relation to quantum mechanics, which is a definite step towards the so-called 'Theory of Everything'. This book is recommended for all readers who are interested in gravitation and General Relativity.
£58.50
Princeton University Press Einstein Gravity in a Nutshell
Book SynopsisThis unique textbook provides an accessible introduction to Einstein's general theory of relativity, a subject of breathtaking beauty and supreme importance in physics. With his trademark blend of wit and incisiveness, A. Zee guides readers from the fundamentals of Newtonian mechanics to the most exciting frontiers of research today, including de STrade ReviewOne of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2013 "Zee writes in an informal, conversational style, displaying his extensive experience and close contacts with many undergraduate and graduate students."--ChoiceTable of ContentsPart 0: Setting the Stage Prologue: Three Stories 3 Introduction: A Natural System of Units, the Cube of Physics, Being Overweight, & Hawking Radiation 10 Prelude: Relativity Is an Everyday and Ancient Concept 17 ONE Book One: From Newton to the Gravitational Redshift I Part I: From Newton to Riemann: Coordinates to Curvature I.1 Newton's Laws 25 I.2 Conservation Is Good 35 I.3 Rotation: Invariance and Infinitesimal Transformation 38 I.4 Who Is Afraid of Tensors? 52 I.5 From Change of Coordinates to Curved Spaces 62 I.6 Curved Spaces: Gauss and Riemann 82 I.7 Differential Geometry Made Easy, but Not Any Easier! 96 Recap to Part I 110 II Part II: Action, Symmetry, and Conservation II.1 The Hanging String and Variational Calculus 113 II.2 The Shortest Distance between Two Points 123 II.3 Physics Is Where the Action Is 136 II.4 Symmetry and Conservation 150 Recap to Part II 155 III Part III: Space and Time Unified III.1 Galileo versus Maxwell 159 III.2 Einstein's Clock and Lorentz's Transformation 166 III.3 Minkowski and the Geometry of Spacetime 174 III.4 Special Relativity Applied 195 III.5 The Worldline Action and the Unification of Material Particles with Light 207 III.6 Completion, Promotion, and the Nature of the Gravitational Field 218 Recap to Part III 238 IV Part IV: Electromagnetism and Gravity IV.1 You Discover Electromagnetism and Gravity! 241 IV.2 Electromagnetism Goes Live 248 IV.3 Gravity Emerges! 257 Recap to Part IV 261 TWO Book Two: From the Happiest Thought to the Universe Prologue to Book Two: The Happiest Thought 265 V Part V: Equivalence Principle and Curved Spacetime V.1 Spacetime Becomes Curved 275 V.2 The Power of the Equivalence Principle 280 V.3 The Universe as a Curved Spacetime 288 V.4 Motion in Curved Spacetime 301 V.5 Tensors in General Relativity 312 V.6 Covariant Differentiation 320 Recap to Part V 334 VI Part VI: Einstein's Field Equation Derived and Put to Work VI.1 To Einstein's Field Equation as Quickly as Possible 337 VI.2 To Cosmology as Quickly as Possible 355 VI.3 The Schwarzschild-Droste Metric and Solar System Tests of Einstein Gravity 362 VI.4 Energy Momentum Distribution Tells Spacetime How to Curve 378 VI.5 Gravity Goes Live 388 VI.6 Initial Value Problems and Numerical Relativity 400 Recap to Part VI 406 VII Part VII: Black Holes VII.1 Particles and Light around a Black Hole 409 VII.2 Black Holes and the Causal Structure of Spacetime 419 VII.3 Hawking Radiation 436 VII.4 Relativistic Stellar Interiors 451 VII.5 Rotating Black Holes 458 VII.6 Charged Black Holes 477 Recap to Part VII 485 VIII Part VIII: Introduction to Our Universe VIII.1 The Dynamic Universe 489 VIII.2 Cosmic Struggle between Dark Matter and Dark Energy 502 VIII.3 The Gamow Principle and a Concise History of the Early Universe 515 VIII.4 Inflationary Cosmology 530 Recap to Part VIII 537 THREE Book Three: Gravity at Work and at Play IX Part IX: Aspects of Gravity IX.1 Parallel Transport 543 IX.2 Precession of Gyroscopes 549 IX.3 Geodesic Deviation 552 IX.4 Linearized Gravity, Gravitational Waves, and the Angular Momentum of Rotating Bodies 563 IX.5 A Road Less Traveled 578 IX.6 Isometry, Killing Vector Fields, and Maximally Symmetric Spaces 585 IX.7 Differential Forms and Vielbein 594 IX.8 Differential Forms Applied 607 IX.9 Conformal Algebra 614 IX.10 De Sitter Spacetime 624 IX.11 Anti de Sitter Spacetime 649 Recap to Part IX 668 X Part X: Gravity Past, Present, and Future X.1 Kaluza, Klein, and the Flowering of Higher Dimensions 671 X.2 Brane Worlds and Large Extra Dimensions 696 X.3 Effective Field Theory Approach to Einstein Gravity 708 X.4 Finite Sized Objects and Tidal Forces in Einstein Gravity 714 X.5 Topological Field Theory 719 X.6 A Brief Introduction to Twistors 729 X.7 The Cosmological Constant Paradox 745 X.8 Heuristic Thoughts about Quantum Gravity 760 Recap to Part X 775 Closing Words 777 Timeline of Some of the People Mentioned 791 Solutions to Selected Exercises 793 Bibliography 819 Index 821 Collection of Formulas and Conventions 859
£80.75
Oxford University Press Introducing Einsteins Relativity
Book SynopsisThis textbook provides students with a sound mathematical introduction coupled with an understanding of the physical insights needed to explore the subjectTable of Contents1: The Organisation of the Book A: Special Relativity 2: The k-Calculus 3: The Key Attributes of Special Relativity 4: The Elements of Relativistic Mechanics B: The Formalism of Tensors 5: Tensor Algebra 6: Tensor Calculus 7: Integration, Variation, and Symmetry C: General Relativity 8: Special Relativity Revisited 9: The Principles of General Relativity 10: The Field equations of General Relativity 11: General Relativity from a Variational Principle 12: The Energy-Momentum Tensor 13: The Structure of the Field Equations 14: The 3+1 and 2+2 Formalisms 15: The Schwarzschild sSlution 16: Classical Experimental Tests of General Relativity D: Black Holes 17: Non-Rotating Black Holes 18: Maximal Extension and Conformal Compactification 19: Charged Black Holes 20: Rotating Black Holes E: Gravitational Waves 21: Linearized Gravitational Waves and their Detection 22: Exact Gravitational Waves 23: Radiation from an Isolated Source F: Cosmology 24: Relativistic Cosmology 25: The Classical Cosmological Models 26: Modern Cosmology Answers to Exercises Selected Bibliography Index
£45.59
Orion Publishing Co The Ascent of Gravity
Book SynopsisWhy the force that keeps our feet on the ground holds the key to understanding time and the origin of the universeTrade Review'Entertaining and at times mind-boggling guide to the weakest of nature's fundamental forces, which also controls the fate of the universe' -- Manjit Kumar * The Times *'Chown is good company. He tells his story clearly and sets out the key ideas without recourse to jargon and intimidating mathematics . . . "There has never been a better time to study gravity," Arkani-Hamed insists, and Chown's eminently readable book helps us understand why' -- Graham Farmelo * Guardian *'Marcus Chown is one of the UK's best writers on physics and astronomy - it's excellent to see him back on what he does best . . . no one has covered the topic with such a light touch and joie de vivre as Chown . . . It gives what I think is the best introduction to string theory at this basic descriptive level I've ever seen . . . a very readable exploration of humanity's gradual realisation of what gravity was about with all of Chown's usual sparkle . . . a delight' -- Brian Clegg * popularscience.co.uk *'"Everyone thinks it sucks but in most of the Universe it blows." That aphoristic introduction hints at the genial wit and scientific flair that await in Marcus Chown's primer on gravity, which traces the historic arc of our understanding of the force. He shows how Isaac Newton's 1687 Principia - which distilled fundamental laws from the complexity of the cosmos - helps to explain phenomena such as tides. He analyses Albert Einstein's reformulation of gravity as warped space-time. And he gazes into the weird realm of quantum theory - and the "undiscovered country" of the next big questions' -- Barbara Kiser * Nature *'Compact and accessible while remaining comprehensive. A welcome addition to anyone's popular science library, written in a relaxed style and full of relevant quotations' * BBC Sky at Night Magazine *'A readable romp through the history of cosmology and its possible future, all tied together through the story of how we have understood gravity . . . Chown is excellent on bringing out the temporary nature of theories, as well as the messy business of refining them' * thebookbag.co.uk *'An accessible history of the most well known but least understood force' * Big Issue North *'Mind-bogglingly brilliant' * www.booklore.co.uk *'[Chown's] chapter on the tides, from the water in the River Severn to the squeezing and stretching of Jupiter's moon Io, is lovely . . . One of the nicest explanations I've read of the fact that objects of different mass fall at the same rate . . . We end with the current attempt to reconcile gravity and quantum theory, and a surprisingly accessible and enjoyable discussion of string theory and multidimensional space . . . Enjoyably, Chown's book doesn't give the sense that "physics is broken" I've come across elsewhere; it's more that we're on the cusp of an exciting step change in our understanding' -- Cait MacPhee, professor of biological physics, University of Edinburgh * THES *The "detective mystery" aspect of the subject [is] certainly something Chown captures to perfection * FORTEAN TIMES *A helter-skelter tour through the lives and discoveries of people who helped us understand gravity .. fascinating facts ... he gives us the clearest explanation I have yet read of Einstein's principle of relativity ... this book taught me science and science history in an engaging fashion ... Chown's style carries the reader along in the quest to understand gravity and I recommend it ... entertaining science history -- John Davies * ASTRONOMY NOW *Timely, accessible and peppered with quotes from Douglas Adams and Terry Pratchett, this history ofsomething we all feel but still cannot quite grasp has an admirably light touch * THE SUNDAY TIMES 'Science Book of the Year' *Timely and accessible, this history of something we all feel but still cannot quite grasp has an admirably light touch. -- Rob Kingston * The Sunday Times (Culture) *Chown's fascinating guide to the force of gravity follows its story from Newton to the as yet undiscovered quantum theory of gravity - the holy grail of 21st-century physics. He concludes that the greatest questions in science (Where did the universe come from? What are space and time?) are tantalisingly close to being answered -- Jane Shilling * DAILY MAIL 'Must Read' *
£9.49
Harvard University Press A Little Book about the Big Bang
Book SynopsisTony Rothman offers a primer on the science of the big bang and the questions we still can’t answer about the origins of the universe. Enlisting thoughtful analogies and a step-by-step approach, Rothman guides readers through dark matter, dark energy, quantum gravity, and other topics at—and beyond—the cutting edge of cosmology.Trade ReviewEverything a cosmos-curious reader could want: a clear, concise, yet comprehensive exploration of the biggest concepts in the universe. -- Richard Panek, author of The Trouble with GravityThe big bang is a big topic that Rothman handles with ease and elegance. For those craving an epic story, this is the book for you! -- Paul M. Sutter, host of Ask a Spaceman!A delightful romp through the exciting field of cosmology. Rothman’s book covers the topic in a clear and lucid way that any science enthusiast will enjoy. Five stars! -- Don Lincoln, senior scientist and YouTube host for FermilabWith humor and clarity, Tony Rothman elucidates the physics and philosophy behind the big bang theory, one of science’s crowning achievements. Though an expert in general relativity, Einstein’s masterful—and highly mathematical—theory of gravitation, Rothman has the gift of being able to explain his field and its application to the study of the universe, in an eminently understandable way without equations. A Little Book about the Big Bang is a must for anyone interested in a clear account of how the universe grew up into the starry wonder we witness today. -- Paul Halpern, author of Flashes of Creation: George Gamow, Fred Hoyle, and the Great Big Bang DebateModern cosmology tells the fascinating tale of the evolution of the universe. Tony Rothman is our thoughtful guide, always careful to distinguish established science from speculative theory as we explore the fundamental nature of the big bang. -- George Ellis, author of How Can Physics Underlie the Mind?Tony Rothman’s book beautifully explores some of the biggest questions that humanity has pondered for centuries. A Little Book about the Big Bang highlights the cutting-edge work being done by cosmologists, who in recent decades have made extraordinary progress toward revealing the secrets of our universe. Read this book—you will be inspired. -- Neta Bahcall, Eugene Higgins Professor of Astrophysics, Princeton UniversityA remarkably comprehensive account of modern cosmology. Rothman emphasizes what we confidently know about the big bang, but also provides insight into the important unanswered questions in the field, taking us to where the deep puzzles lie. -- Michael Strauss, coauthor of A Brief Welcome to the UniverseA concise examination of the origin of the universe…Lucid and informative. * Kirkus Reviews *Aims to guide both laymen and experts through the latest scientific thinking on the subject…Explains complex ideas clearly with useful analogies, some simple diagrams, and very little mathematics…This book may look small in size but, much like Doctor Who’s TARDIS, on the inside it is so much bigger. -- Jenny Winder * BBC Sky at Night *
£18.86
HarperCollins Publishers Shinoy and the Chaos Crew The Day the World Was
Book SynopsisCollins Big Cat supports every primary child on their reading journey from phonics to fluency. Top authors and illustrators have created fiction and non-fiction books that children love to read. Book banded for guided and independent reading, there are reading notes in the back, comprehensive teaching and assessment support and ebooks available.When Shinoy downloads the Chaos Crew app on his phone, a glitch in the system gives him the power to summon his TV heroes into his world. With the team on board, Shinoy can figure out what dastardly plans S.N.A.I.R. has come up with, and save the day.Location: Somewhere in outer spaceOperative: MeritMission: Find out why super-strength gravity is making everyone feel so heavy. Get up off the floor!This exciting title is part of the Shinoy and the Chaos Crew series by Chris Callaghan.Gold/Band 9 books offer developing readers literary language and stories with distinctive characters.Ideas for reading in the back of the book provide practical supp
£9.53
Oxford University Press Gravity From Falling Apples to Supermassive Black
Book SynopsisGravity: From Falling Apples to Supermassive Black Holes provides a fascinating historical account of how we have reached our current understanding of gravity, and places the most sensational developments in gravitational physics, including the detection of gravitational waves and supermassive black holes, in their true context.Trade ReviewIt's welcome that Nicholas Mee has updated his fine book to include, in this new edition, the exciting recent advances in studying gravity and its cosmic manifestations. But what makes the book special is that the narrative builds on a fascinating description of the historical context that can be traced right back to ancient times. * Lord Martin Rees, Astronomer Royal, former President of the Royal Society *With clear diagrams, questions and puzzles and interesting notes for each chapter this is an unusually stimulating book. * Sir James Hough, Associate Director of the Institute for Gravitational Research, Research Professor in Natural Philosophy, University of Glasgow *The quality of writing is high, the style is engaging and the explanations clear and accessible. * Mike Cruise, Emeritus Professor of Astrophysics and Space Research, University of Birmingham *Written in an engaging and readable style, this book brings us right up to date in all things concerning gravity. * Julian Onions, Astrophysicist, University of Nottingham *Gravity: From Falling Apples to Supermassive Black Holes is written in a captivating historical style with stories about the researchers of the past and present that illuminate many key ideas in astronomy and physics. * MathSciNet *Gravity (2nd Edition) is a worthwhile addition to the bookshelf of anybody looking to more fully understand the most fundamental of forces, whether from a historical or scientific perspective. It is published by Oxford University Press and available wherever good books are sold. * Blogstronomy *Table of Contents0: Can You Feel the Force? 1: The Cosmic Puzzle 2: The Secret of the Universe 3: The Magic Spyglass 4: Voyaging through Strange Seas 5: The Great Ocean of Truth 6: Lets Do the Time Warp 7: Black Holes 8: Ripples in the Fabric of Things 9: Across the Universe
£22.49
Oxford University Press Relativity Gravitation and Cosmology A Basic
Book SynopsisThis book provides an introduction to Einstein's general theory of relativity. A "physics-first" approach is adopted so that interesting applications come before the more difficult task of solving the Einstein equation. The book includes extensive coverage of cosmology, and is designed to allow readers to study the subject alone.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition This is a great time to have published a fresh new undergraduate text on relativity and cosmology...this is an excellent textbook which this reviewer would rate as the text of choice for a course on relativity and cosmology aimed at physics and astronomy undergraduates. * American Journal of Physics *Table of ContentsI: PRELIMINARIES; II: RELATIVITY - METRIC DESCRIPTION OF SPACETIME; III: COSMOLOGY; IV: RELATIVITY - FULL TENSOR FORMULATION
£38.99
Cambridge University Press An Introduction to Relativity
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£42.74
Cambridge University Press An Introduction to Gravity
Book SynopsisWhy can't you take Newtonian gravity, add special relativity, and build a relativistic theory of gravity that matches the predictions of our accepted theory, Einstein's general relativity? Ideal for a one-semester course at junior/senior level, this student-friendly text builds on familiar physics to illuminate the structure of general relativity.
£47.49
Cambridge University Press Gravitation for Theorists
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£66.49
Charlesbridge Publishing,U.S. Baby Loves Gravity!
Book SynopsisBig, brainy science for the littlest listeners.Accurate enough to satisfy an expert, yet simple enough for baby, this clever board book explores the ups and downs of gravity. When baby drops food from a high chair, why does it fall? Beautiful, visually stimulating illustrations complement age-appropriate language to encourage baby''s sense of wonder. Parents and caregivers may learn a thing or two, as well!With tongue firmly in cheek, the Baby Loves Science series is a fun-filledintroduction to STEM concepts for babies, toddlers, and their grown-ups.
£7.59
Troubador Publishing Gravitomagnetism: Gravity's Secret
Book SynopsisGravity is the weakest of the natural forces and yet it dominates our lives. We know how to make use of its properties and how to overcome it. But we can’t control it. To do that we must be able to generate and control gravity’s hidden companion force field, called gravitomagnetism. For those people not wanting to bother with mathematics they can skip over the equations and just enjoy the unfolding scientific adventure story. It begins with the history of gravity research, from the discovery that gravity holds the Solar System together, through special relativity, then a brief look at quantum mechanics and on to an outline of Einstein’s general relativity. Analogues with gravity, particularly electromagnetism, are examined in the search for a breakthrough in understanding how to control gravity, followed by a review of Faraday’s gravity experiments. Finally, a number of ground-based experiments to detect gravitomagnetism are proposed. Hopefully Gravitomagnetism will stimulate a few scientists and engineers to carry out some of the experiments in the first step towards the ultimate goal of gravity control.
£12.59
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Applications of General Relativity: With Problems
Book SynopsisThe aim of this textbook is to present in a comprehensive way several advanced topics of general relativity, including gravitational waves, tests of general relativity, time delay, spinors in curved spacetime, Hawking radiation, and geodetic precession to mention a few. These are all important topics in today's research activities from both a theoretical and experimental point of view. This textbook is designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students to strengthen the knowledge acquired during the core courses on General Relativity. The author developed the book from a series of yearly lectures with the intention of offering a gentle introduction to the field. This book helps understanding the more specialized literature and can be used as a first reading to get quickly into the field when starting research. Chapter-end exercises complete the learning material to master key concepts.Trade Review“It is not a textbook, but rather a compendium of, as the title says, applications of General Relativity (GR) … useful for someone who knows the material but wants to look something up, refresh their memory, etc. … The breadth of topics covered is thus smaller than in some other books, but the depth is great. … it is very specialized, but fills an interesting niche.” (Phillip Helbig, The Observatory, Vol. 142 (1291), December, 2022)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Elements of General Relativity.- Gravitational Waves.- Black Holes.- Tests of General Relativity.- Solutions.
£37.85
Penguin Books Ltd SPECIAL RELATIVITY AND CLASSICAL FIELD THEORY
Book SynopsisThe third volume in Leonard Susskind's one-of-a-kind physics series cracks open Einstein's special relativity and field theory In the first two books in his wildly popular The Theoretical Minimum series, world-class physicist Leonard Susskind provided a brilliant first course in classical and quantum mechanics, offering readers not an oversimplified introduction, but the real thing - everything you need to start doing physics, and nothing more. Now, thankfully, Susskind and his former student Art Friedman are back, this time to introduce readers to special relativity and classical field theory. At last, waves, forces and particles will be demystified. Using their typical brand of relatively simple maths, enlightening sketches and the same fictional counterparts, Art and Lenny, Special Relativity and Classical Field Theory takes us on an enlightening journey through a world now governed by the laws of special relativity. Starting in their new watering hole,Trade ReviewWitty and insightful ... I found it thrilling -- Robert P. Crease * Nature *This is quantum mechanics for real. This is the good stuff, the most mysterious aspects of how reality works, set out with crystalline clarity. If you want to know how physicists really think about the world, this book is the place to start -- Sean Carroll, physicist, California Institute of Technology * author of The Particle at the End of the Universe *
£10.44
Cambridge University Press General Relativity The Essentials
Book SynopsisIn this short book, renowned theoretical physicist and author Carlo Rovelli gives a straightforward introduction to Einstein''s General Relativity, our current theory of gravitation. Focusing on conceptual clarity, he derives all the basic results in the simplest way, taking care to explain the physical, philosophical and mathematical ideas at the heart of ?the most beautiful of all scientific theories?. Some of the main applications of General Relativity are also explored, for example, black holes, gravitational waves and cosmology, and the book concludes with a brief introduction to quantum gravity. Written by an author well known for the clarity of his presentation of scientific ideas, this concise book will appeal to university students looking to improve their understanding of the principal concepts, as well as science-literate readers who are curious about the real theory of General Relativity, at a level beyond a popular science treatment.Trade Review'General relativity is the most beautiful physical theory we have, and plays an increasingly central role in modern physics. Carlo Rovelli's introduction is both concise and comprehensive, written by a master of exposition as well as of the material. I envy anyone encountering these ideas for the first time.' Sean M. Carroll, Caltech; author of Spacetime and Geometry'This book addresses general relativity at a more sophisticated level than in a popular-level account, emphasizing conceptual understanding and results over the mathematical details of a standard textbook. Most impressive is the author's ability to distil important concepts into pithy statements illustrating deep physical insight. Rovelli's concise book provides a solid grounding in the conceptual framework of general relativity as a starting point.' Mike Guidry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville; author of Modern General Relativity'The book is interesting, well written, and fills an otherwise vacant niche. Recommended.' Phillip Helbig, The Observatory'Rovelli is a well-published author of popular and advanced physics books, primarily in loop quantum gravity. His latest effort is an introduction to Einstein's general relativity, written with precision in the concise style for which he is acclaimed … Recommended.' J. F. Burkhart, Choice ConnectTable of ContentsWhat is General Relativity? Part I. Bases: 1. Physics: a field theory for gravity; 2. Philosophy: what are space and time? 3. Mathematics: curved space; Part II. The Theory: 4. Basic equations; 5. Action; 6. Symmetries and interpretation; Part III. Applications: 7. Newtonian limit; 8. Gravitational waves; 9. Cosmology; 10. The field of a mass; 11. Black holes; 12. Elements of quantum gravity; Index.
£14.24
Cambridge University Press Conversations on Quantum Gravity
Book SynopsisThe holy grail of theoretical physics is to find the theory of everything that combines all the forces of nature, including gravity. This book addresses the question: how far are we from such discovery? Over the last few decades, multiple roads to finding a quantum theory of gravity have been proposed but no obvious description of nature has emerged in this domain. What is to be made of this situation? This volume probes the state-of-the art in this daunting quest of theoretical physics by collecting critical interviews with nearly forty leading theorists in this field. These broad-ranging conversations give important insights and candid opinions on the various approaches to quantum gravity, including string theory, loop quantum gravity, causal set theory and asymptotic safety. This unique, readable overview provides a gateway into cutting edge research for students and others who wish to engage with the open problem of quantum gravity.Trade Review'The two great achievements in fundamental physics of the 20th century are quantum mechanics, embodied in the standard model of particle physics, and general relativity, Einstein's theory of gravity. Their reconciliation is the challenge that is addressed in these fascinating interviews with many of the leading experts. Superstring theory, also developed in the 20th century, is the leading candidate to provide the answer, but other ideas are being explored. The wide range of viewpoints presented gives the reader a sense of this profound challenge.' John H. Schwartz, Harold Brown Professor of Theoretical Physics, Emeritus, Caltech'Conversations on Quantum Gravity is a unique resource for students and researchers of quantum gravity, for philosophers and sociologists of science, and for future historians of physics. Jácome Armas has admirably accomplished a herculean task: 37 interviews, peppered with his provocative questions informed by a broad appreciation of the scope of the physics problems and the panoply of approaches to solving them, and copiously referenced to the relevant literature.' Ted Jacobson, Distinguished University Professor, University of Maryland'This book presents an unconventional ten-year 'long-exposure photograph' of the evolving research field of quantum gravity. In this field, there is potential for breakthroughs in interlinking diverse approaches, many of which are covered in this book. Thus the book provides an informative read to complement more specialised textbooks. It is suitable for students, researchers and anyone interested in learning what practitioners of quantum gravity consider as the critical obstacles to understanding quantum spacetime.' Astrid Eichhorn, CP3-Origins, University of Southern Denmark'… students and professionals will find the book an excellent portal into the field … Highly recommended.' A. Spero, Choice Magazine'As the title states, it consists of experts discussing their research, but at a level which should be accessible to all physicists who have a basic idea as to why a theory of quantum gravity is worth looking for. I recommend it highly to those and to future historians who want to know what those people were really thinking.' Phillip Helbig, The ObservatoryTable of ContentsIntroduction, The Interviews: 1. Jan Ambjørn; 2. Nima Arkani-Hamed; 3. Abhay Ashtekar; 4. Jan de Boer; 5. Steven Carlip; 6. Alain Connes; 7. Robbert Dijkgraaf; 8. Bianca Dittrich; 9. Fay Dowker; 10. Laurent Freidel; 11. Steven Giddings; 12. Rajesh Gopakumar; 13. David J. Gross; 14. Gerard 't Hooft; 15. Petr Horava; 16. Renate Loll; 17. Juan Maldacena; 18. Shiraz Minwalla; 19. Hermann Nicolai; 20. Roger Penrose; 21. Joseph Polchinski; 22. Alexander Polyakov; 23. Martin Reuter; 24. Carlo Rovelli; 25. Nathan Seiberg; 26. Ashoke Sen; 27. Eva Silverstein; 28. Lee Smolin; 29. Rafael Sorkin; 30. Andrew Strominger; 31. Leonard Susskind; 32. Thomas Thiemann; 33. Cumrun Vafa; 34. Erik Verlinde; 35. Steven Weinberg; 36. Frank Wilczek; 37. Edward Witten; Index.
£40.84
Springer Nature Switzerland AG The Dirac Equation in Curved Spacetime: A Guide for Calculations
Book SynopsisThis book explains and develops the Dirac equation in the context of general relativistic quantum mechanics in a range of spacetime dimensions. It clarifies the subject by carefully pointing out the various conventions used and explaining how they are related to each other. The prerequisites are familiarity with general relativity and an exposure to the Dirac equation at the level of special relativistic quantum mechanics, but a review of this latter topic is given in the first chapter as a reference and framework for the physical interpretations that follow. Worked examples and exercises with solutions are provided. Appendices include reviews of topics used in the body of the text. This book should benefit researchers and graduate students in general relativity and in condensed matter.Trade Review“Ultimately, this short monograph will be of interest as a quick guide to researchers who need a notation reference, well organized overview of the literature, or an introduction to the subject, looking for connection with their own field; also for graduate students who are looking for a bird's eye view or need help with determining the learning path. It must be added that students especially will appreciate that the authors provide solutions to the exercises.” (Tomasz Artur Stachowiak, Mathematical Reviews, December, 2019)“The book represents a very useful tool for graduate students and beginning researchers in a large area of the theory and applications of the Dirac equation. It can be useful for all the stages of learning: from the initial acknowledgement to deep investigations. … The book will be very useful to everybody desiring to make an economy with special articles from various journals.” (Alex B. Gaina, zbMath 1416.81003, 2019)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- The Dirac equation in special relativity.- The spinorial covariant derivative.- Examples in (3+1) GR.- The Dirac equation in (1+1) GR.- The Dirac equation in (2+1) GR.- Scalar product.- Appendices.
£54.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Applied General Relativity: Theory and
Book SynopsisIn the late 20th and beginning 21st century high-precision astronomy, positioning and metrology strongly rely on general relativity. Supported by exercises and solutions this book offers graduate students and researchers entering those fields a self-contained and exhaustive but accessible treatment of applied general relativity. The book is written in a homogenous (graduate level textbook) style allowing the reader to understand the arguments step by step. It first introduces the mathematical and theoretical foundations of gravity theory and then concentrates on its general relativistic applications: clock rates, clock sychronization, establishment of time scales, astronomical references frames, relativistic astrometry, celestial mechanics and metrology. The authors present up-to-date relativistic models for applied techniques such as Satellite LASER Ranging (SLR), Lunar LASER Ranging (LLR), Globale Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Very Large Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), radar measurements, gyroscopes and pulsar timing. A list of acronyms helps the reader keep an overview and a mathematical appendix provides required functions and terms.Table of Contents
£71.24
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Introduction to Einstein’s Theory of Relativity:
Book SynopsisThe revised and updated 2nd edition of this established textbook provides a self-contained introduction to the general theory of relativity, describing not only the physical principles and applications of the theory, but also the mathematics needed, in particular the calculus of differential forms.Updated throughout, the book contains more detailed explanations and extended discussions of several conceptual points, and strengthened mathematical deductions where required. It includes examples of work conducted in the ten years since the first edition of the book was published, for example the pedagogically helpful concept of a "river of space" and a more detailed discussion of how far the principle of relativity is contained in the general theory of relativity. Also presented is a discussion of the concept of the 'gravitational field' in Einstein's theory, and some new material concerning the 'twin paradox' in the theory of relativity. Finally, the book contains a new section about gravitational waves, exploring the dramatic progress in this field following the LIGO observations. Based on a long-established masters course, the book serves advanced undergraduate and graduate level students, and also provides a useful reference for researchers.Table of ContentsNewton’s law of universal gravitation.- The force law of gravitation.- Newton’s law of gravitation in local form.- Tidal forces.- The principle of equivalence.- The general principle of relativity.- The covariance principle.- Mach’s principle.- The special theory of relativity.- Coordinate systems and Minkowski diagrams.- Synchronization of clocks.- The Doppler effect.- Relativistic time-dilation.- The relativity of simultaneity.- The Lorentz contraction.- The Lorentz transformation.- The Lorentz invariant interval.- The twin paradox.- Hyperbolic motion.- Energy and mass.- Relativistic increase of mass.- Tachyons.- Magnetism as a relativistic second order effect.- Vectors, tensors and forms.- Vectors.- Four-vectors.- Tangent vector fields and coordinate vectors.- Coordinate transformations.- Structure coefficients.- Tensors.- Transformation of tensor components.- Transformation of basis 1-forms.- The metric tensor.- Forms.- Rotating and accelerated reference frames.- Rotating reference frames.- The spatial metric tensor.- Angular acceleration of the rotating frame.- Gravitational time dilation.- Path of photons emitted from the axis in a rotating frame.- The Sagnac effect.- Uniformly accelerated reference frames.- Covariant differentiation.- Differentiation of forms.- Exterior differentiation.- Covariant derivative.- The Christoffel symbols.- Geodetic curves.- The covariant Euler-Lagrange equations.- Application of the Lagrange formalism to free particles.- Equation of motion from Lagrange’s equations.- Geodesic worldliness in spacetime.- Gravitational Doppler effect.- The Koszul connection.- Connection coefficients and structure coefficients in a Riemannian (torsion free) space.- Covariant differentiation of vectors, forms and tensors.- Covariant differentiation of a vector field in an arbitrary basis.- Covariant differentiation of forms.- Generalization for tensors of higher rank.- The Cartan connection.- Curvature.- The Riemann curvature tensor.- Differential geometry of surfaces.- Surface curvature using the Cartan formalism.- The Ricci identity.- Bianchi’s 1st identity.- Bianchi’s 2nd identity.- Einstein’s field equations.- Energy-momentum conservation.- Newtonian fluid.- Perfect fluids.- Einstein’s curvature tensor.- Einstein’s field equations.- The 'geodesic postulate' as a consequence of the field equations.- The Schwarschild spacetime.- Schwarzschild’s exterior solution.- Radial free fall in Schwarzschild spacetime.- Light cones in Schwarzschild spacetime.- Analytical extension of the Schwarzschild coordinates.- Embedding of the Schwarzschild metric.- Deceleration of light.- Particle trajectories in Schwarzschild 3-space.- Motion in the equatorial plane.- Classical tests of Einstein’s general theory of relativity.- The Hafele-Keating experiment.- Mercury’s perihelion precession.- Deflection of light.- Black holes.- 'Surface gravity': gravitational acceleration on the horizon of a black hole.- Hawking radiation: radiation from a black hole.- Rotating black holes: The Kerr metric.- Zero-angular-momentum-observers.- Does the Kerr space have a horizon?.- Schwarzschild’s interior solution.- Newtonian incompressible star.- The pressure contribution to the gravitational mass of a static, spherically symmetric system.- The Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov equation.- An exact solution for incompressible stars – Schwarzschild’s interior solution.- Cosmology.- Comoving coordinate system.- Curvature isotropy – the Robertson-Walker metric.- Cosmic dynamics.- Hubble’s law.- Cosmological redshift of light.- Cosmic fluids.- Isotropic and homogeneous universe models.- Some cosmological models.- Radiation dominated model.- Dust dominated model.- Transition from radiation to matter dominated universe.- Friegmann-Lemaître model.- Inflationary cosmology.- Problems with the Big Bang models.- Cosmic inflation.
£32.91
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Modern Physics: Introduction to Statistical
Book SynopsisThis book offers an introduction to statistical mechanics, special relativity, and quantum physics. It is based on the lecture notes prepared for the one-semester course of "Quantum Physics" belonging to the Bachelor of Science in Material Sciences at the University of Padova.The first chapter briefly reviews the ideas of classical statistical mechanics introduced by James Clerk Maxwell, Ludwig Boltzmann, Willard Gibbs, and others. The second chapter is devoted to the special relativity of Albert Einstein. In the third chapter, it is historically analyzed the quantization of light due to Max Planck and Albert Einstein, while the fourth chapter discusses the Niels Bohr quantization of the energy levels and the electromagnetic transitions. The fifth chapter investigates the Schrodinger equation, which was obtained by Erwin Schrodinger from the idea of Louis De Broglie to associate to each particle a quantum wavelength. Chapter Six describes the basic axioms of quantum mechanics, which were formulated in the seminal books of Paul Dirac and John von Neumann. In chapter seven, there are several important application of quantum mechanics: the quantum particle in a box, the quantum particle in the harmonic potential, the quantum tunneling, the stationary perturbation theory, and the time-dependent perturbation theory. Chapter Eight is devoted to the study of quantum atomic physics with special emphasis on the spin of the electron, which needs the Dirac equation for a rigorous theoretical justification. In the ninth chapter, it is explained the quantum mechanics of many identical particles at zero temperature, while in Chapter Ten the discussion is extended to many quantum particles at finite temperature by introducing and using the quantum statistical mechanics. The four appendices on Dirac delta function, complex numbers, Fourier transform, and differential equations are a useful mathematical aid for the reader.Table of ContentsTable of Contents1 Classical Statistical Mechanics1.1 Kinetic Theory of Gases 1.1.1 Maxwell Distribution of Velocities1.1.2 Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution of Energies 1.1.3 Single-Particle Density of States 1.2 Statistical Ensembles of Gibbs 1.2.1 Microcanonical Ensemble 1.2.2 Canonical Ensemble 1.2.3 Grand Canonical Ensemble 1.2.4 Many-Particle Density of States 2 Special Relativity 2.1 Lorentz Transformations 2.2 Einstein Postulates 2.2.1 Gedanken Experiment of Einstein 2.3 Relativistic Mechanics 2.3.1 Relativistic Kinematics 2.3.2 Relativistic Dynamics 3 Quantum Properties of Light 3.1 Black-Body Radiation 3.1.1 Ideal Black Body 3.1.2 Derivation of the Planck Law 3.2 Photoelectric E ect 3.2.1 Experimental Data 3.2.2 Theoretical Explanation 3.3 Energy and Linear Momentum of a Photon 3.4 Compton E ect 3.4.1 Theoretical Explanation 4 Quantum Energy Levels of Atoms 4.1 Energy Spectra 4.1.1 Energy Spectrum of Hydrogen Atom 4.2 Hydrogen Atom of Bohr4.2.1 Derivation of the Bohr Results 4.3 Energy Levels and Photons 4.4 Electromagnetic Transitions 5 Wave Properties of Matter 5.1 De Broglie Wavelength 5.1.1 Explaining the Bohr Quantization 5.2 Experiment of Davisson and Germer 5.3 Double-Slit Experiment with Light5.4 Double-Slit Experiment with Electrons 5.5 Old Quantum Mechanics of Bohr, Wilson and Sommerfeld5.6 Matrix Quantum Mechanics of Heisenberg, Born and Jordan 5.7 Wave Quantum Mechanics of Schrodinger 5.7.1 Derivation of the Schr odinger Equation 5.8 Formal Quantization Rules5.8.1 Schrodinger Equation for a Free Particle 5.8.2 Schrodinger Equation for a Particle in an External Potential 5.9 Stationary Schr odinger Equation6 Axioms of Quantum Mechanics 6.1 Matrix Mechanics 6.2 Axioms of Quantum Mechanics7 Applications of Quantum Mechanics 7.1 Quantum Particle in a One-Dimensional Box Potential7.2 Quantum Particle in a One-Dimensional Harmonic Potential8 Quantum Physics of Atoms 8.1 Quantum Particle in a Separable Potential 8.1.1 Quantum Particle in the Harmonic Potential 8.2 Dirac Notation for a Quantum State8.3 Electron in the Hydrogen Atom 8.3.1 Schrodinger Equation in Spherical Polar Coordinates 8.3.2 Selection Rules 8.4 Pauli Exclusion Principle and the Spin8.5 Semi-Integer and Integer Spin: Fermions and Bosons8.6 The Dirac Equation 8.6.1 The Pauli Equation and the Spin8.6.2 Dirac Equation with a Central Potential 8.6.3 Relativistic Hydrogen Atom and Fine Splitting 8.6.4 Relativistic Corrections to the Schrodinger Hamiltonian9 Quantum Mechanics of Many-Body Systems 9.1 Identical Quantum Particles 9.1.1 Spin-Statistics Theorem9.2 Non-Interacting Identical Particles9.2.1 Atomic Shell Structure and the Periodic Table of the Elements 9.3 Interacting Identical Particles9.3.1 Variational Principle9.3.2 Electrons in Atoms and Molecules10 Quantum Statistical Mechanics 10.1 Quantum Statistical Ensembles 10.1.1 Quantum Microcanonical Ensemble 10.1.2 Quantum Canonical Ensemble 10.1.3 Quantum Grand Canonical Ensemble 10.2 Bosons and Fermions at Finite Temperature 10.2.1 Gas of Photons at Thermal Equlibrium10.2.2 Gas of Massive Bosons at Thermal Equlibrium 10.2.3 Gas of Non-Interacting Fermions at Zero TemperatureAppendix A Dirac Delta Function A.1 The Heaviside Step Function A.2 The Strange Function of Dirac A.2.1 Dirac Function and the Integrals A.3 Dirac Function in D Spatial Dimensions Appendix B Complex Numbers B.1 Set of Complex Numbers B.2 Gauss Plane B.2.1 Polar Representation B.3 Euler Formula B.3.1 Proof of the Euler Formula B.3.2 De Moivre FormulaB.4 Fundamental Theorem of Algebra B.5 Complex Functions Appendix C Fourier Transform C.1 Geometric and Taylor SeriesC.2 Fourier Series .C.2.1 Complex Representation of the Fourier Series C.3 Fourier Integral C.3.1 Properties of the Fourier Transform C.3.2 Fourier Transform and Uncertanty TheoremC.4 Fourier Transform of Space-Time FunctionsAppendix D Di erential equations D.1 First-Order Ordinary Di erential EquationsD.1.1 Separation of Variables D.2 Second-Order Ordinary Di erential Equations D.3 Newton Law as a Second-Order ODE D.4 Partial Di erential Equations D.4.1 Wave Equation D.4.2 Di usion Equation Bibliography
£41.70
Springer International Publishing AG Facts of Matter and Light: Ten Physics
Book Synopsis. The main aim of this book is to shine a spotlight on key experiments and their crucial importance for advancing our understanding of physics. Physics is an empirical science, and experiments have always been a driving force in the development of our understanding of nature. Facts matter. In that sense, the book attempts to be complementary to the many popularizations of theoretical physics, and to counterbalance the frequent emphasis there on more speculative ideas.Experimental physics is also an essential pillar in physics teaching, as well as helping broader audiences to better understand important concepts, particularly in challenging fields such as relativity or quantum physics, where our common sense intuition often fails.Readers are taken on an historical journey, starting with “Free Fall” and culminating in “Spooky Action at a Distance”. En route they will encounter many important branches of physics, whose main ideas and theoretical description will be given a more empirical meaning. At the end, the reader is invited to reflect on what could be exciting and important directions for fundamental physics. All readers with an undergraduate degree in physical sciences or engineering will enjoy and learn much from this stimulating and original text.Table of Contents1 The Winners Are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Free Fall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.1 Equality of Gravitational and Inertial Mass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.2 Galileo’s Experiments on Free Fall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.3 Newton’s Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.3.1 Looking up at the Sky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.3.2 Newton’s Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.4 Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Electromagnetic and Optical Unification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.1 Electromagnetic Phenomena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.2 Induction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233.3 The Field Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253.4 Electromagnetic Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273.5 Unification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Looking at Fluctuations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314.1 Natural Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314.2 Atoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324.3 Limit theorems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344.4 Brownian Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374.4.1 The Random Walk as a Diffusion Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394.4.2 Sutherland–Einstein Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414.5 Perrin’s Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424.6 Fluctuation–Dissipation Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 Quantization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455.1 Standard Hydrogen Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.2 Black Body Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525.3 Photoelectric Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54xixii Contents5.4 Compton Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585.5 Specific Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605.6 Spin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636 Wave-like Nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676.1 Early light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696.1.1 Young’s Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696.1.2 On the French side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716.1.3 Interacting Newton Bullets? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736.2 X-rays and Bragg Scattering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746.3 Davisson–Germer Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766.4 Wavy Electrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807 Finding Structure: Scattering and Fission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857.1 Light Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857.2 Particle Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887.2.1 Geiger–Marsden–Rutherford Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887.2.2 Standard Model Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937.3 Nuclear Chain Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 948 Light in the Universe and the Invariance of Proper Time . . . . . . . . . . . 978.1 Michelson–Morley Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 988.2 Special Relativity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1018.2.1 Popular Relativity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1028.2.2 Minkowski Spacetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1038.2.3 Twin Paradox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1058.2.4 NonEuclidean Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1068.3 And More Generally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1069 Dynamical Activity of the Vacuum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1099.1 Beginnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1109.2 Lamb Shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1129.2.1 Lamb–Retherford Experiment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1129.2.2 Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1159.3 Fluctuation Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1169.4 Casimir Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1179.5 Frenesy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11810 Phase Transitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12110.1 The Dream of Anaximenes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12310.2 Percolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12410.3 Criticality and Universality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12710.4 Superconductivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13110.5 Superfluidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13210.6 Bose–Einstein Condensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Contents xiii11 Nonlocality: Spooky Action at a Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13511.1 About Alice, Living Far away from Bob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13711.2 Einstein’s Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13911.3 Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen Argument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14011.4 Bell’s Inequality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14211.5 Bell Test Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14412 Future Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14712.1 Around 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14812.1.1 The Statistical Mechanics of Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15112.1.2 Relativity versus Quantum Mechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15212.1.3 Quantum Statistical Mechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15312.2 Into the next hundred years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15512.2.1 Computational and Neuro(nal) Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15512.2.2 Physics of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15712.2.3 Many-Body Nonequilibrium Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15912.2.4 Climate and Planetary Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
£58.49
Springer International Publishing AG Space, Time and the Limits of Human Understanding
Book SynopsisIn this compendium of essays, some of the world’s leading thinkers discuss their conceptions of space and time, as viewed through the lens of their own discipline. With an epilogue on the limits of human understanding, this volume hosts contributions from six or more diverse fields. It presumes only rudimentary background knowledge on the part of the reader.Time and again, through the prism of intellect, humans have tried to diffract reality into various distinct, yet seamless, atomic, yet holistic, independent, yet interrelated disciplines and have attempted to study it contextually. Philosophers debate the paradoxes, or engage in meditations, dialogues and reflections on the content and nature of space and time. Physicists, too, have been trying to mold space and time to fit their notions concerning micro- and macro-worlds. Mathematicians focus on the abstract aspects of space, time and measurement. While cognitive scientists ponder over the perceptual and experiential facets of our consciousness of space and time, computer scientists theoretically and practically try to optimize the space-time complexities in storing and retrieving data/information. The list is never-ending. Linguists, logicians, artists, evolutionary biologists, geographers etc., all are trying to weave a web of understanding around the same duo. However, our endeavour into a world of such endless imagination is restrained by intellectual dilemmas such as: Can humans comprehend everything? Are there any limits? Can finite thought fathom infinity? We have sought far and wide among the best minds to furnish articles that provide an overview of the above topics. We hope that, through this journey, a symphony of patterns and tapestry of intuitions will emerge, providing the reader with insights into the questions: What is Space? What is Time?Chapter [15] of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. Table of ContentsPhilosophy: Śrīharṣa on the Indefinability of Time by Jonathan Duquette and Krishnamurti Ramasubramanian.- Why Spacetime Has a Life of its Own by James Robert Brown.- From Time to Time by Nathan Salmon.- Relativity Theory may not have the last Word on the Nature of Time: Quantum Theory and Probabilism by Nicholas Maxwell.- Space as a Source and as an Object of Knowledge: The Transformation of the Concept of Space in the Post-Kantian Philosophy of Geometry by Francesca Biagioli.- Space, Time and (how they) Matter by Valia Allori.- The Phenomenology of Space and Time: Husserl, Sartre, Derrida by Hans Herlof Grelland.- Time and Space in Ancient India, Pre-Philosophical Period by Michael Witzel and Nataliya Yanchevskaya.- Time in Physics and Time in Awareness by E. C. G. Sudarshan.- Physics: The Future’s Not Ours to See, by Tony Sudbury.- Nature’s Book Keeping System by Gerard ‘t Hooft.- An anomaly in space and time and the origin of dynamics by Joan A. Vaccaro.- Spacetime and Reality: Facing the Ultimate Judge by Vesselin Petkov.- Hermann Weyl’s Space-Time Geometry and its Impact on Theories of Fundamental Interactions by Norbert Straumann.- Space, Time, and Adynamical Explanation in the Relational Blockworld by W.M. Stuckey, Michael Silberstein, and Timothy McDevitt.- Matter, Space, Time, and Motion: A Unified Gravitational Perspective by C. S. Unnikrishnan.- Spacetime is Doomed by George Musser.- Mathematics: Geometry and Physical Space by Mary Leng.- The Geometry of Manifolds and the Perception of Space by Raymond O. Wells, Jr.- Topos Theoretic Approach to Space and Time by Goro C. Kato.- Paradox? The Mathematics of Space-Time and the Limits of Human Understanding by Paul Ernest.- General Relativity, Time, and Determinism by James Isenberg.- “Now” has an infinitesimal positive duration by Reuben Hersh.- The Fundamental Problem of Dynamics by Julian Barbour.- What’s wrong with the Platonic ideal of space and time? by Lorenzo Sadun.- Biology/Cognitive Science: Syntactic Space by Rajesh Kasturirangan.- Time measurement in living systems: Human understanding and health implications by L Abhilash and Vijay Kumar Sharma.- The cellular space-the space of life by Pier Luigi Luisi.- The consciousness of space, the space of consciousness by Mauro Bergonzi and Pier Luigi Luisi.- Time and Suffering (False metaphors, (de)synchronous times, and internal dynamics) by Norman Sieroka.- Evolutionary Time and the Creation of the Space of Life by Randall E. Auxier.- Computer Science: A computational mathematics view of space, time and complexity by David H. Bailey and Jonathan M. Borwein.- The Black Hole in Mathematics by A. K. Dewdney.- Gödel’s Ontological Dreams by Gary Mar.- ‘Photographing the Footsteps of Time’: Space and Time in Charles Babbage’s Calculating Engines by Doron Swade.- Gödel incompleteness and the empirical sciences by N. C. A. da Costa and F. A. Doria.- Miscellaneous: The Novel and the Map: Spatiotemporal Form and Discourse in Literary Cartography by Robert T. Tally Jr.- Time, Space, and the Human Geographies of Opportunity by Donald G. Janelle.- Losing Time and Space: Experiencing Immersion by Diana J. Reichenbach. <
£58.49
Harvard University Press Gravitys Century
Book SynopsisRon Cowen offers a sweeping account of the century of experimentation that has consistently confirmed Einstein's general theory of relativity. He shows how we got from Eddington's pivotal observations of the 1919 eclipse to the Event Horizon Telescope, aimed at starlight wrapping around the black hole at our galaxy's center.Trade ReviewCowen is a gifted science writer and storyteller, and the story is amazing! -- John C. Mather, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics[Cowen’s] brisk, engaging narrative leads us from Einstein’s famous ‘thought experiments’ through theorists’ many (so far unsuccessful) attempts to marry quantum mechanics with general relativity, and up to recent (more successful) efforts to observe gravitational waves and black holes. * Wall Street Journal *There are some extremely clever ways to visualize how gravitation works in a Universe governed by General Relativity under a wide variety of physical conditions, and Cowen explores many of the classic ways you've probably seen before along with some incredibly creative ones that were new, even to me. -- Ethan Siegel * Forbes *A brief, accessible account of the 1919 eclipse and subsequent advances in cosmology, touching upon dark matter, dark energy, quantum gravity, and black holes. It’s a very quick and readable introduction to some of the exotic findings that came in Einstein’s wake. * Bookforum *This is as good a short introduction to Einstein’s thought as one could wish for. -- Simon Ings * The Spectator *In a conversational style, the veteran physics writer chronicles the field’s greatest hits in the century since a solar eclipse proved Einstein was right. -- Gemma Tarlach * Discover *A breezy and enjoyable read, a welcome addition to a crowded shelf of books on these topics. -- Peter Coles * Nature *Gravity’s Century is remarkably easy to follow and read. If you are a keen beginner, or just interested in some of the people behind the science, read this book. -- Laura Nuttall * BBC Sky at Night *This gracefully written history of 20th-century gravity research from science writer Cowen shines a light on a key aspect of modern physics…Filled with vivid descriptions of cutting-edge work and the scientists behind it, Cowen’s book is fascinating, both a learning experience and a pleasure to read. * Publishers Weekly (starred review) *A clear and compelling narrative about the development of our understanding of gravity and the universe, powered by Einstein and his cohorts. Cowen weaves together the historical and personal events leading to this revolution and brings us up to date with the ideas and speculations that will likely forge an even newer and more radical understanding of the nature of the world. -- George F. Smoot, winner of the Nobel Prize in PhysicsEinstein’s general theory of relativity radically changed our notions of space, gravity, and time. Gravity’s Century takes us from Einstein’s struggle to develop his theory up to the modern day—when the detection of gravitational waves from black holes has confirmed general relativity’s most audacious claims, even as scientists are still trying to reconcile the theory with the other great idea of twentieth-century physics, quantum mechanics. -- David Spergel, Princeton UniversityAccessible and compact…A great introduction to Einstein’s theory of general relativity and the century of research that has been testing his ideas since. -- Leon Vlieger * Inquisitive Biologist *A concise chronicle of the dramatic expansion of our knowledge of the universe, from the eclipse expeditions of 1919 to test Einstein’s theory of relativity, to the Event Horizon Telescope’s black hole images of 2019. -- Mike Perricone * Symmetry *Clear and readily intelligible to the non-specialist. -- Johannes E. Riutta * Well-Read Naturalist *Its informal, readable style hides an enormous amount of physics and a fair share of history. * Choice *[An] enjoyable read…Cowen does a good job of breaking down ideas so that they are easily understood…I would recommend Gravity’s Century to anyone with an interest in astrophysics in general, or in gravitation in particular. -- Earl Patrick Bellinger * Metascience *
£20.66
Springer A Guide to Physics Problems
Book SynopsisCombining solved standard and original physics problems from major American universities, this book equips graduate students with the knowledge necessary to pass the qualifying examination. It covers such topics as Mechanics; Relativity; Electrodynamics; Thermodynamics; Statistical Mechanics; and Quantum Mechanics.Table of ContentsMechanics: Falling Chain. Cat and Mouse Tug of War. Cube Bouncing off Wall. CueStruck Billiard Ball. Stability on Rotating Rollers. Swan and Crawfish. Mud from Tire. Car Down Ramp Up Loop. Pulling Strings. Thru Earth Train. String Oscillations. Hovering Helicopter. Astronaut Tether. Spiral Orbit. Relativity: Marking Sticks. Rockets in Collision. Photon Box. Cube's Apparent Rotation. Relativistic Rocket. Rapidity. Charge in Constant Electric Field. Charge in Electric Field and Flashing Satellites. Uniformly Accelerated Motion. Compton Scattering. Electrodynamics: Charge Distribution. Electrostatic Forces and Scaling. Dipole Energy. Charged Conducting Sphere in Constant Electric Field. Charge and Conducting Sphere. Charge and Conducting Sphere II. Conducting Cylinder and Line Charge. Spherical Void in Dielectric. Charge and Dielectric. Dielectric Cylinder in Uniform Electric Field. 125 additional problems. Index.
£71.24
Springer A Short Course in General Relativity
Book SynopsisVector and tensor fields.- The spacetime of general relativity and paths of particles.- Field equations and curvature.- Physics in the vicinity of a massive object.- Gravitational radiation.- Elements of cosmology.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews of the third edition: "This is the third edition of a book that is already familiar to those who teach an introductory course in general relativity. … Important concepts are introduced slowly and carefully, so that the resulting text is a comprehensible first introduction that is suitable for both physics and mathematics students. … its strength is that it is a short introduction to the subject that still covers all the essential material for a first course and provides a sound basis for further study." (J. B. Griffiths, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2006 h) "This book is a well-developed introduction to General Relativity. … the present third edition is really re-worked in many places in comparison with the previous ones. … Three appendices are quite helpful … . Solutions to the exercises, References and Index close this very readable book. … Every chapter ends with a list of problems … ." (Hans-Jürgen Schmidt, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1089 (15), 2006)Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Vector and tensor fields.- 2 The spacetime of general relativity and paths of particles.- 3 Field equations and curvature.- 4 Physics in the vicinity of a massive object.- 5 Gravitational radiation.- 6 Elements of cosmology Appendices A Special relativity review.- B The Chinese connection.- C Tensors and Manifolds.- Solutions.- References.- Index
£61.74
Springer New York Once Upon a Universe
Book SynopsisFirst Snow White encounters one of the Little People, then one of the Even Smaller People, and finally one of the Truly Infinitesimal People.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Gilmore shows us that there’s more than one way to shed light on the strange profundities of modern physics and cosmology, and what they have to tell us about the nature of time and space and motion. Black holes, dying stars, traveling backward through time to the Big Bang – they’re all here in accessible, instructive and charmingly illustrated retellings." (www.firstscience.com, April, 2004) "For most physicists, the desire to show the public the joys of understanding scientific reality remains unslaked … . Robert Gilmore has acted upon that desire. Once Upon a Universe … is the fourth in a series of his books using fairy-tale approaches to communicate important points about physics. … demonstrates more than one way to shed light on the strange profundities of modern physics and cosmology. … give the book to your scientist friends. They will thank you for it-and mean it." (Donald Goldsmith, Physics Today, December, 2004) "Physics teachers are always searching for new methods to present, illustrate, and communicate an in-depth understanding of physics to their students. … In this volume Gilmore tries a different approach as he tells the reader fairy or wizard tales about physics, more specifically, about cosmology. … physics teachers may find ideas in some of the tales useful in introducing difficult concepts to their students." (Fernande Grandjean and Gary J. Long, Physicalia, Vol. 57 (3), 2005) "This readable book includes six amusing tales. They explain the nature and scale of the Universe, the stars and the galaxies, spacetime and gravity, how the Universe came about, and the life and fate of stars." (Book News on the Internet, March, 2004) "In Once Upon a Universe, fairy tale heroes get crash courses in quantum mechanics and cosmology from an assortment of … characters. … Robert Gilmore’s approach works surprisingly well. … Far clearer are the strait-laced asides dotted throughout the book. If you do know your cosmology, you will find the book … charming … ." (New Scientist, February, 2004)Table of ContentsThe First Tale: The PRINCE and p (A quest for the nature of motion).- The Second Tale: SNOW WHITE and the particularly little PEOPLE (Into the deep basement of our world).- The Third Tale: ALI GORI and the CAVE of NIGHT (consider the heavens).- The Fourth Tale: JACK and the STARSTALK (spacetime and gravity).- The Fifth Tale: WARING beauty (the big bang and after).- The Sixth Tale: CINDERENDA and the DEATH of STARS (the life and fate of stars).- Epilogue.- Further Reading.
£35.99
Cambridge University Press Semiclassical and Stochastic Gravity
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£182.00
Cambridge University Press Advanced Mechanics and General Relativity
Book SynopsisAimed at advanced undergraduates, this textbook presents the particle dynamics relevant to general relativity, and the field dynamics necessary to understand the theory. Nearly 150 exercises and numerous examples enable students to test their understanding of the subject. A tensor manipulation package and solutions manual are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521762458.Trade Review'The style is informal and very readable, with detailed explanations, frequent summaries of what has been achieved and pointers to what is about to follow … The author negotiates the challenge between readability and technical accuracy with admirable skill, striking a balance that will be much appreciated by the target audience. … Overall, Franklin's book is an excellent addition to the literature, and its readability and explicitness will be appreciated by the target audience. Should I be teaching an introductory undergraduate class in general relativity in the near future, I would seriously consider this book for the main class text.' Classical and Quantum GravityTable of Contents1. Newtonian gravity; 2. Relativistic mechanics; 3. Tensors; 4. Curved space; 5. Scalar field theory; 6. Tensor field theory; 7. Schwarzschild space-time; 8. Gravitational radiation; 9. Additional topics; References; Index.
£75.99
Cambridge University Press Gravitation Foundations and Frontiers
Book SynopsisCovering all aspects of gravitation in a contemporary style, this advanced textbook is ideal for graduate students and researchers. Its modular structure allows different sections to be combined to suit a variety of courses. There are more than 200 exercises and over 30 in-depth projects.Trade Review'This book is immensely impressive. It is full of insights and derivations that do not appear in other books. The serious student will appreciate the extensive coverage of advanced topics, notably of actions. One might say, the book is action-packed.' Andrew J. S. Hamilton, Professor of Astrophysics, University of Colorado, Boulder'… well written throughout … presents its material with admirable clarity and patience. It contains many topics that are not easily found in other relativity textbooks, at least not in the detail presented here … The book is a valuable contribution to the textbook literature on general relativity and will remain up-to-date for many years to come. It contains 225 exercises (without solutions), many of them highly original, and presents thirty projects that can be used to build a bridge between the exercise level and research work at the level of a master thesis and beyond. It is certainly not possible to cover the whole material in a 1-year course, but its modular structure enables the lecturer to make the selection that is needed for his or her purpose. I plan to use and test the book myself in my next course on relativity and cosmology.' General Relativity and Gravitation'Every topic is extremely well referenced and current … This book is likely to be an essential reference for any galaxy-formation-research student or professor. In the coming years I can see myself dipping into this treasure trove on a very regular basis.' Shaun Cole, The Observatory'Within minutes of opening the rich, heavy, full, yet succinctly written 728 pages I realised that this is a new and personal view on general relativity, which leads beyond many excellent standard textbooks and offers a challenging training ground for students with its original exercises and study topics … [I] highly recommend it to anyone interested in general relativity and related fields because it offers a modern update … if you are a bookworm like me, you must have it, because it is a great read from start to finish.' Cern Courier'The book is well written throughout and presents its material with admirable clarity and patience. It contains many topics that are not easily found in other relativity textbooks, at least not in the detail presented here … The book is a valuable contribution to the textbook literature on general relativity and will remain up-to-date for many years to come … I plan to use and test the book myself in my next course on relativity and cosmology.' Institut für Theoretische Physik'… a comprehensive textbook containing both the fundamental and the frontier aspects of gravitation theory. The book is a real pleasure to read by a reader with basic knowledge in mathematics and physics.' Contemporary PhysicsTable of Contents1. Special relativity; 2. Scalar and electromagnetic fields in special relativity; 3. Gravity and spacetime geometry: the inescapable connection; 4. Metric tensor, geodesics and covariant derivative; 5. Curvature of spacetime; 6. Einstein's field equations and gravitational dynamics; 7. Spherically symmetric geometry; 8. Black holes; 9. Gravitational waves; 10. Relativistic cosmology; 11. Differential forms and exterior calculus; 12. Hamiltonian structure of general relativity; 13. Evolution of cosmological perturbations; 14. Quantum field theory in curved spacetime; 15. Gravity in higher and lower dimensions; 16. Gravity as an emergent phenomenon; Notes; Index.
£72.99
Cambridge University Press Einsteins Unification
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£125.00
Cambridge University Press Classical Measurements in Curved SpaceTimes Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics
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£137.09
Springer Bells Theorem Quantum Theory and Conceptions of the Universe 37 Fundamental Theories of Physics
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£237.49
Springer Observational Tests of Cosmological Inflation Workshop Proceedings 348 Nato Science Series C
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£170.99
Springer Black Hole Physics Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute 12th Course of the International School of Cosmology and Gravitation of the May 1222 1991 364 Nato Science Series C
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£170.99
Springer The Origin of Structure in the Universe Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop Chateau Du Pont DOye Belgium April 27May 2 1992 393 Nato Science Series C
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£123.49
Springer Frontiers of Space and GroundBased Astronomy The Astrophysics of the 21st Century Astrophysics Space Science Library 187 Astrophysics and Space Science Library
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£237.49
Springer The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies Astrophysics and Space Science Library Proceedings of the Third Tetons Summer School Grand Teton National Park Wyoming USA July 1992 188
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£85.49
Springer Cosmology and Particle Physics Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Cosmology and Particle Physics 13th Course of the International May 314 1993 427 Nato Science Series C
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£170.99
Springer Science with Astronomical NearInfrared Sky Surveys Proceedings of the Les Houches School Centre de Physique des Houches Les Houches France 2024 September 1993
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£123.49
Springer Stellar Populations Proceedings of the 164th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union Held in the Hague The Netherlands August 1519 1994 International Astronomical Union Symposia
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£123.49
Springer Stellar Populations Proceedings of the 164th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union Held in the Hague The Netherlands August 1519 1994 International Astronomical Union Symposia
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£123.49
Springer Reflections on Spacetime Foundations Philosophy History
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£44.99
Springer New Light on Galaxy Evolution Proceedings of the 171st Symposium of the International Astronomical Union Held in Heidelberg Germany June 2630 1995 International Astronomical Union Symposia
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£44.99
Springer Stellar Surface Structure Proceedings of the 176th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union Held in Vienna Austria October 913 1995 International Astronomical Union Symposia
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£170.99
Springer Stellar Surface Structure Proceedings of the 176th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union Held in Vienna Austria October 913 1995 International Astronomical Union Symposia
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£170.99
