Genetic engineering Books

Book SynopsisCharlie Gordon, IQ 68, is a floor sweeper and the gentle butt of everyone''s jokes - until an experiment in the enhancement of human intelligence turns him into a genius. But then Algernon, the mouse whose triumphal experimental transformation preceded his, fades and dies, and Charlie has to face the possibility that his salvation was only temporary.Winner of the 1960 Hugo Award for Best Short Story, and subsequently expanded into a Hugo-nominated novel, Flowers for Algernon earned Daniel Keyes the honour of SFWA Author Emeritus in 2000 for his contribution to Science Fiction and Fantasy.''Heartbreaking and beautiful. Required reading, as far as I am concerned'' - Wil Wheaton''A masterpiece of poignant brilliance . . . heartbreaking, and utterly, completely brilliant'' - The Guardian''Excellent . . . extremely moving'' - The Encyclopedia of Science FictionWelcome to The Best Of The Masterworks: a selection ofTrade ReviewThis is one of the greats: a story and a central character that have stayed with me for thirty years, from the first moment I picked it up * Conn Iggulden *A masterpiece of poignant brilliance . . . heartbreaking, and utterly, completely brilliant * Guardian *A timeless tearjerker * Independent *Excellent . . . extremely moving * The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction *Unflinchingly honest . . . it will make you reflect on your own life . . . and completely and utterly break your heart * Guardian Online *A narrative tour de force, very moving, beautiful and remorseless in its simple logic * Science Fiction, 100 Best Novels *Strikingly original * Publishers Weekly *A tale that is convincing, suspectful and touching * New York Times *

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive introduction to modern applied statistical genetic data analysis, accessible to those without a background in molecular biology or genetics.Human genetic research is now relevant beyond biology, epidemiology, and the medical sciences, with applications in such fields as psychology, psychiatry, statistics, demography, sociology, and economics. With advances in computing power, the availability of data, and new techniques, it is now possible to integrate large-scale molecular genetic information into research across a broad range of topics. This book offers the first comprehensive introduction to modern applied statistical genetic data analysis that covers theory, data preparation, and analysis of molecular genetic data, with hands-on computer exercises. It is accessible to students and researchers in any empirically oriented medical, biological, or social science discipline; a background in molecular biology or genetics is not required.The book first pro

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Book SynopsisThe Anthropocene defines the here-and-now time period on Earth of indelible (and possibly irreversible) human disturbance to the natural world, from habitat destruction and mass extinction to global climate change. To ameliorate and repair the damage that threatens the world''s dwindling resources and our very existence, humanity is enacting massive interventions to fuse modern technologies with long established natural processes. Advances in genetic engineering have put us on the cusp of directly shaping the DNA of every living organism (including ourselves), as well as determining the evolution of completely novel species. The author invites the reader to explore how humans have manipulated the ancient forces of evolution and the future possibilities of genetic engineering for conservation and rewilding, de-extinction, and even the creation of viable populations of entirely new species. To entertain such possibilities of synthetic biology, he forces us to wrestle with the threats and ethical conundrums that surround the unintended consequences, as well as the values that humanity places on authenticity in nature. In so doing, this accessible and thought-provoking book explores the potential future of life on planet Earth.Trade ReviewCutter presents us with a wonderfully stimulating book, elegantly weaving in personal narratives, natural history examples, and inspiring thought experiments. * Mohamed Noor, Professor of Biology and Interim Vice Provost for Academic Affairs, Duke University *This book is a must-read for anyone curious about the potential of genetic technologies to control the very fate of nature, itself. And if you happen to be someone who wants to build a dragon from scratch, then it's a good book for you, too! * Daniel Riskin, Adjunct Professor, University of Toronto Mississauga, TV Host, and Producer *An excellent primer for anyone hoping to understand how today's biotechnologies - and the way we choose to use them - have the power to change all of life on Earth. * Beth Shapiro, Professor, University of California, Santa Cruz. Author of How to Clone a Mammoth and Life As We Made It *A highly enjoyable and thought-provoking book about the ways in which timeless biological processes and ever more powerful human tinkering are, together, shaping the evolutionary future. * Rob Dunn, Professor, North Carolina State University *Very well written, this book contributes to the understanding of genetic editing and the significant changes that may result from it. Essential. All readership levels. * Choice *Table of ContentsPreface Part 1: The Hearts of Nature 1: Nature in the raw, and cooked 2: Selection, naturally and otherwise 3: Ancient forces 4: Evolution's racetracks 5: Evolutionary accelerants and speed bumps 6: Carjacking genetics 7: Genetic welding 8: On the origin of species 9: Do-it-yourself speciation 10: Ongoing evolutionary outcomes Part 2: Evolutionary Futures 11: How to evolve a dragon 12: Evolutionary engineering in the flesh 13: Nature, rewilded 14: When nature comes to call 15: Inspection by the department of health, safety, and ethics 16: When we become dragons 17: A midnight coterie of transcendent fauna

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Book SynopsisCong Cao presents a comprehensive and systematic analysis of how China’s policy toward research and commercialization of genetically modified crops has evolved that explains how China’s changing GMO stances reflect its shifting position on the world stage.Trade ReviewCong Cao's is the first major study of China’s experience with the promotion of and the debate about genetically modified organisms. GMO China is a thoroughly researched and insightful work. -- Erik Baark, Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyBased on a decade of fieldwork and interviews, Cong Cao's impressive research offers a fascinating window into the complexity of Chinese policy making on a highly contentious issue. Revealing the difficulty of formulating a consistent, sustainable policy that can reconcile the interests of the multiple actors and stakeholders, it will be of wide interest within Chinese and science and technology studies, as well as to those seeking business opportunities in agricultural biotechnology. -- Stanley Rosen, University of Southern CaliforniaCong Cao’s book GMO China is refreshing and enlightening. * H-Asia *Cao presents a comprehensive account of the policy maneuvering, narratives, actors's strategies, negotiations, and brokerage that shaped this new high-tech policy field. * China Journal *The author offers gripping, vivid analyses not only of transgenic technology which continues to pose new ethical and policy challenges, but also of the unwieldy and tenuous trajectories that these create for all constituents both within and beyond China. * China Review International *Table of ContentsAbbreviationsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Transgenic Technology and GMO Controversies2. Global GMO Policy3. Research and Commercialization of GM Crops in China4. Science, Biosafety, and Regulations5. Polarization and Politicization of Transgenic Technology6. The Chinese Media and Changing Policy7. Patents and China’s Bt Rice8. China as a GMO NationNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisEarly characterization of toxicity and efficacy would significantly impact the overall productivity of pharmaceutical R&D and reduce drug candidate attrition and failure.Trade Review?This book is highly recommended to active researchers in genomics and to the comparative and veterinary clinician or researchers looking for a focused review of the emerging discipline.? (The Veterinary Journal , August 2009) ?Overall, it provides excellent, up-to-date coverage of the application of genomics in drug development.? (Doody's Reviews, June 2009)Table of ContentsPreface xiii 1. Introduction: Genomics and Personalized Medicine 1Dimitri Semizarov 1.1. Fundamentals of Genomics 1 1.2. The Concept of Personalized Medicine 5 1.3. Genomics Technologies in Drug Discovery 8 1.4. Scope of This Book 13 References 20 2. Genomics Technologies as Tools in Drug Discovery 25Dimitri Semizarov 2.1. Introduction to Genomics Technologies 25 2.2. Gene Expression Microarrays: Technology 27 2.2.1. Standard Microarray Protocol 27 2.2.2. Monitoring the Quality of Input RNA for Microarray Experiments 29 2.2.3. Specialized Microarray Protocols for Archived and Small Samples 31 2.2.4. Quality of Microarray Data and Technical Parameters of Microarrays 33 2.2.5. Reproducibility of Expression Microarrays and Cross-Platform Comparisons 35 2.2.6. Microarray Databases and Annotation of Microarray Data 38 2.2.6.1. Target Identification 39 2.2.6.2. Disease Classification 39 2.2.6.3. Compound Assessment 40 2.3. Gene Expression Microarrays: Data Analysis 47 2.3.1. Identification of Significant Gene Expression Changes 47 2.3.2. Sample Classification and Class Prediction with Expression Microarrays 48 2.3.3. Pathway Analysis with Gene Expression Microarrays 49 2.3.4. Common Problems Affecting the Validity of Microarray Studies 56 2.4. Comparative Genomic Hybridization: Technology 57 2.5. Comparative Genomic Hybridization: Data Analysis 69 2.6. Microarray-Based DNA Methylation Profiling 76 2.7. Microarray-Based MicroRNA Profiling 80 2.8. Technical Issues in Genomics Experiments and Regulatory Submissions of Microarray Data 86 2.8.1. Study of a Drug’s Mechanism of Action by Gene Expression Profiling 87 2.8.2. Early Assessment of Drug Toxicity in Model Systems 88 2.8.3. Biomarker Identification in Discovery and Early Development 89 2.8.4. Patient Stratification in Clinical Trials with Gene Expression Signatures 90 2.8.5. Genotyping of Patients in Clinical Studies to Predict Drug Response 91 2.9. Conclusion 92 References 93 3. Genomic Biomarkers 105Dimitri Semizarov 3.1. Introduction to Genomic Biomarkers 105 3.2. DNA Biomarkers 109 3.2.1. DNA Copy Number Alterations 110 3.2.1.1. DNA Copy Number Alterations in Cancer 110 3.2.1.2. DNA Copy Number Alterations in Other Diseases 118 3.2.1.3. Identification of DNA Copy Number Biomarkers in Drug Discovery 119 3.2.2. Mutations 123 3.2.2.1. p53 Mutations 124 3.2.2.2. K-ras Mutations 125 3.2.2.3. EGFR Mutations 127 3.2.2.4. Bcr-abl and KIT Mutations 129 3.2.3. Epigenetic Markers 131 3.3. RNA Biomarkers 137 3.3.1. Gene Expression Biomarkers Validated as Diagnostic Tests 138 3.3.2. Other Examples of Gene Expression Biomarkers 142 3.4. Clinical Validation of Genomic Biomarkers 148 References 156 4. Fundamental Principles of Toxicogenomics 167Eric Blomme 4.1. Introduction 167 4.2. Fundamentals of Toxicogenomics 168 4.2.1. Principle of Toxicogenomics 169 4.2.2. Technical Reproducibility 170 4.2.3. Biological Reproducibility 174 4.2.4. Species Extrapolation 175 4.3. Analysis of Toxicogenomics Data 176 4.3.1. Compound-Induced Gene Expression Changes 177 4.3.2. Visualization Tools 181 4.3.3. Class Prediction 184 4.3.4. Network and Pathway Analysis 188 4.4. Practical and Logistic Aspects of Toxicogenomics 191 4.4.1. Species Considerations 191 4.4.2. Toxicogenomics Studies 194 4.4.2.1. Sample Considerations 194 4.4.2.2. Experimental Design in Toxicogenomics Studies 196 4.5. Toxicogenomics Reference Databases 199 4.5.1. Utility of Reference Databases in Toxicogenomics 199 4.5.2. Design and Development of Toxicogenomics Reference Databases 200 4.5.3. Existing Toxicogenomics Databases 203 4.5.3.1. Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS) 204 4.5.3.2. ArrayTrack® 206 4.5.3.3. Gene Expression Omnibus 206 4.5.3.4. ArrayExpress 207 4.5.3.5. DbZach 207 4.5.3.6. ToxExpress® 208 4.5.3.7. DrugMatrix® 208 4.6. Conclusion 208 References 209 5. Toxicogenomics: Applications to In Vivo Toxicology 219Eric Blomme 5.1. The Value of Toxicogenomics in Drug Discovery and Development 219 5.2. Basic Principles of Toxicology in Drug Discovery and Development 221 5.2.1. Preclinical Safety Assessment 221 5.2.1.1. Genetic Toxicology 222 5.2.1.2. Single-Dose Toxicity 223 5.2.1.3. Repeat-Dose Toxicity 223 5.2.1.4. Reproductive Toxicity 224 5.2.1.5. Carcinogenicity 225 5.2.2. Discovery Toxicology 226 5.3. Toxicogenomics in Predictive Toxicology 227 5.3.1. Prediction of Hepatotoxicity 229 5.3.1.1. Hepatotoxicity: an Important Toxicology Problem in Drug Discovery and Development 229 5.3.1.2. Predictive Genomic Models of Hepatotoxicity 230 5.3.1.3. Additional Toxicogenomics Approaches to Predict Hepatotoxicity 233 5.3.2. Prediction of Nephrotoxicity 235 5.3.2.1. Kidney as a Target Organ of Toxicity 235 5.3.2.2. Predictive Genomic Models of Nephrotoxicity 236 5.3.3. Prediction of In Vivo Carcinogenicity 237 5.3.3.1. Value Created by Toxicogenomics in the Assessment of Carcinogenicity 237 5.3.3.2. Predictive Genomic Models of Carcinogenicity 238 5.3.4. Gene Expression-Based Biomarkers in Other Tissues and the Promise of Hemogenomics 242 5.3.5. Integration of Toxicogenomics in Discovery Toxicology 244 5.4. Toxicogenomics in Mechanistic Toxicology 246 5.4.1. Toxicogenomics to Investigate Mechanisms of Hepatoxicity 250 5.4.2. Intestinal Toxicity and Notch Signaling 253 5.4.3. Cardiac Toxicity 256 5.4.4. Testicular Toxicity 260 5.5. Toxicogenomics and Target-Related Toxicity 265 5.5.1. Target Expression in Normal Tissues 266 5.5.2. Target Modulation 267 5.5.2.1. Genetically Modified Animals 268 5.5.2.2. Tool Compounds 268 5.5.2.3. Gene Silencing 269 5.6. Predicting Species-Specific Toxicity 271 5.7. Evaluation of Idiosyncratic Toxicity with Toxicogenomics 273 5.8. Conclusion 277 References 279 6. Toxicogenomics: Applications in In Vitro Systems 293Eric Blomme 6.1. Introductory Remarks on In Vitro Toxicology 293 6.2. Overview of Current Approaches to In Vitro Toxicology 294 6.3. Toxicogenomics in In Vitro Systems: Technical Considerations 300 6.3.1. Reproducibility 300 6.3.2. Genomic Classifiers 300 6.3.3. Testing Concentrations 301 6.3.4. Throughput and Cost 302 6.4. Proof-of-Concept Studies using Primary Rat Hepatocytes 303 6.5. Use of Gene Expression Profiling to Assess Genotoxicity 306 6.5.1. Toxicogenomics Can Differentiate Genotoxic Carcinogens from Nongenotoxic Carcinogens 307 6.5.2. Toxicogenomics Can Differentiate DNA-Reactive from Non-DNA-Reactive Compounds Positive in In Vitro Mammalian Cell-Based Genotoxicity Assays 307 6.5.3. Toxicogenomics Assays May Be Less Sensitive than the Standard Battery of In Vitro Genetic Toxicity Tests 308 6.6. Application of Gene Expression Profiling for In Vitro Detection of Phospholipidosis 309 6.7. Toxicogenomics in Assessment of Idiosyncratic Hepatotoxicity 312 6.8. Do Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Represent a Useful Alternative In Vitro Model? 314 6.9. Current and Future Use of In Vitro Toxicogenomics 316 6.9.1. Improved Gene Expression Platforms 316 6.9.2. Standardization of Protocols and Experimental Approaches 316 6.9.3. Performance Accuracy 317 6.9.4. Battery of Gene Expression Signatures 317 6.9.5. Clear, Actionable Data Points 318 6.10. Conclusions 319 References 321 7. Germ Line Polymorphisms and Drug Response 329Dimitri Semizarov 7.1. Introduction to Germ Line Polymorphisms 329 7.2. Polymorphisms and Drug Response in Oncology 332 7.2.1. UGT1A1 Polymorphism and Response to Irinotecan 333 7.2.2. FGFR4 Polymorphism and Response to Chemotherapy 334 7.2.3. Mdr-1 Polymorphism and Response to Paclitaxel 335 7.2.4. DPD Polymorphisms and Response to 5-Fluorouracil 336 7.2.5. TPMT Variants and Response to Thiopurines 337 7.2.6. MTHFR Polymorphisms and Response to Chemotherapy 339 7.2.7. Tandem Repeat Polymorphisms in the TS Gene and Response to Drugs Targeting Thymidylate Synthase 340 7.2.8. Use of Cancer Cell Lines to Identify Predictive SNPs 342 7.3. Polymorphisms and Response to Anticoagulants 343 7.4. Polymorphisms in Neuroscience 345 7.5. Polymorphisms and Drug Response in Immunology 347 7.6. Polymorphisms and Response to Antiviral Agents 353 7.6.1. Anti-HIV Drugs 353 7.6.2. Interferon Therapy in Hepatitis B Treatment 356 7.7. Gene Copy Number Polymorphisms 357 7.8. Conclusion: Approaches to Identification of Polymorphisms as Predictors of Drug Response 360 7.8.1. Candidate Gene Approach 360 7.8.2. Genome-wide Approach 363 7.8.3. Pathway Approach 366 7.8.4. Use of Model Systems in Identification of Predictive Pharmacogenetic Markers 369 7.8.5. Comparison of Methodologies in the Context of Drug Discovery 373 References 375 8. Pharmacogenetics of Drug Disposition 385Anahita Bhathena 8.1. Introduction 385 8.2. Genes and Polymorphisms Affecting Drug Disposition 387 8.2.1. Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes 391 8.2.1.1. Cytochrome P450s 391 8.2.1.2. Flavin-Containing Monooxygenases 396 8.2.1.3. Arylamine N-Acetyltransferases 397 8.2.1.4. UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases 397 8.2.1.5. Sulfotransferases 399 8.2.2. Drug Transport Proteins 400 8.2.2.1. SLC Transporters 401 8.2.2.2. ABC Transporters 402 8.3. Genomic Biomarkers for PK Studies 403 8.3.1. Warfarin, CYP2C9, and VKORC1 403 8.3.2. Irinotecan and UGT1A1 404 8.4. Utility of PG-PK Studies in Early Clinical Trials 405 8.5. Limitations of PG-PK Studies 408 8.6. Genotyping Technologies 408 8.7. Conclusion 409 References 411 9. Overview of Regulatory Developments and Initiatives Related to the Use of Genomic Technologies in Drug Discovery and Development 423Eric Blomme 9.1. Introduction to Recent Regulatory Developments in the Genomic Area 423 9.2. FDA Guidance on Pharmacogenomic Data Submission 428 9.2.1. Voluntary Genomic Data Submission (VGDS) 428 9.2.2. Pharmacogenomic Data Submission 431 9.2.3. International Harmonization 432 9.3. Pharmacogenomic Data Submissions: Draft Companion Guidance 434 9.4. Drug-Diagnostic Co-development Concept Paper 436 9.5. Regulations for In Vitro Diagnostic Assays 439 9.5.1. General Overview of Regulatory Pathways for Devices in the U.S. 439 9.5.2. Draft Guidance for Industry, Clinical Laboratories, and FDA Staff on In Vitro Diagnostic Multivariate Index Assays 440 9.6. Biomarker Qualification 442 9.7. Current Initiatives Relevant to Pharmacogenomics 443 9.8. Future Impact of Genomic Data on Drug Development 444 References 447 Index 449

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Book Synopsis Six new chapters on vital topics of interest such as multilocus SNP genotyping (SNP chips), RNAi, ChIP-chip, and genomic tiling arrays New edition responds to reviewers'' and users'' desire for greater coveragenow the most useful handbook on the market! Practical, concise summary of everything about genomics and emerging technologies a busy physician or medical student should know Covers concepts and techniques that are in use in medicine now, as well as those on the cutting-edge of science relevant to medicine, from bioinformatics to DNA diagnostics and proteomics NEW: Includes chapter-end exercises, enhancing the utility of the new edition as a textbook NEW: PowerPoint slides of images available at instructor website Table of ContentsPreface. 1 Introduction to Molecular Genetics. The Principles of Inheritance. Genes Are Made of DNA. DNA Structure. The Central Dogma. References. 2 Molecular Biology Technology. Cut, Copy, and Paste. Restriction Enzymes. DNA Cloning Is Copying. PCR Is Cloning without the Bacteria. DNA Sequencing. References. 3 Genome Databases. Genome Sequencing. Entrez. BLAST. Genome Annotation. Genome Browser. Human Genetic Diseases. A System for Naming Genes. Model Organisms (Comparative Genomics). Sequencing Other Genomes. References. 4 Bioinformatics Tools. Patterns and Tools. Sequence Comparison. Multiple Alignment. Pattern Finding. Phylogenetics. Biotechnology Exercise. References. 5 Human Genetic Variation. Mutation. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms. Linkage. Multigene Diseases. Genetic Testing. SNP Chips. The HapMap Project. Research Uses of SNP Markers. Ethnicity and Genome Diversity. References. 6 Genetic Testing for the Practitioner (Harry Ostrer). Clinical Applications of Genetic Testing. Methods of Genetic Testing. Adequacy of Genetic Testing. Informed Consent. Genetic Counseling. Clinical Vignettes. References. 7 Gene Therapy (John G. Hay). Historical Perspective. Strategies of Gene Therapy. DNA Elements for Gene Expression. Gene Delivery Systems. Targeting Gene Delivery. Formative Years and Initial Clinical Approaches. The Problems. The Future. References. 8 Microarrays. Spotting versus Synthesis on the Chip. Other Types of Arrays. Differential Gene Expression. Error and Reliability. Evolutionary Perspectives. References. 9 Analysis of Microarray Data. Experimental Design. Data Analysis Workflow. Functional Analysis. Validation. References. 10 Pharmacogenomics and Toxicogenomics. Pharmacogenomics. Environmental Chemicals. Toxicogenomics for Drug Development. References. 11 Clinical Research Informatics. Clinical Databases. Clinical Trials Management. Data Standards and Ontologies. Tissue Banks. Application to Medical Practice. References. 12 RNA Interference and MicroRNAs. Antisense RNA. RNA Interference. Ribozymes. References. 13 Alternative Splicing. Exon Arrays. Medical Applications of Alternative Splicing. References. 14 Genome Tiling Chips. Genome Chips. Resequencing Chips. Whole-Genome Transcription Profilig. ChIP-chip. ArrayCGH. References. 15 Cancer Genomics. Understanding Cancer Genomics. Copy Number Mutations. Gene Expression Signatures. Cancer Genome Atlas. References. 16 Proteomics. Protein Modifications. Quantitative Approaches. Biomarkers. Protein Databases. Protein–Protein Interactions. DNA-Binding Proteins. Structural Proteomics. Drug Targets. References. 17 Consumer Genomics and Genealogy. Genealogy. Nutrigenomics. Privacy Concerns. References. 18 The Ethics of Medical Genomics. Eugenics. Human Genome Diversity Project and Population Genetics. Genetic Discrimination. Impact on Physicians and Researchers. Clinical Research. References. Appendix: Genetic Testing: Scientific Background for Policymakers (Amanda K. Sarata). Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a timely overview of toxicogenomics, with special emphasis on the practical applications of this technology to the risk assessment process. With the stress on practical risk assessment, the book sets a foundation for moving toxicogenomics from just a hot technology to an accepted approach.Table of ContentsPREFACE ix CONTRIBUTORS xi 1 TOXICOLOGY, "OMICS" TECHNOLOGIES, AND TOXICOGENOMICS: A PRIMER 1 Darrell R. Boverhof and B. Bhaskar Gollapudi 2 INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT 13 Irene Baskerville-Abraham, Alison Willis, Bernard Gadagbui, and Lynne T. Haber 3 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE APPLICATION OF TOXICOGENOMICS TO RISK ASSESSMENT: EARLY EXPERIENCE, CURRENT DRIVERS, AND A PATH FORWARD 41 Darrell R. Boverhof, David R. Geter, B. Bhaskar Gollapudi, and Heli Hollnagel 4 APPROACHES AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF TOXICOGENOMICS DATA 65 Zhenqiang Su, Hong Fang, Weida Tong, Huixiao Hong, Roger Perkins, and Leming Shi 5 GENOMICS IN IDENTIFYING MUTAGENIC MODE OF ACTION IN CARCINOGENESIS 81 Jiri Aubrecht and Ebru Caba 6 APPLICATION OF GENOMICS FOR PREDICTING AND UNDERSTANDING THE MODE OF ACTION FOR NONGENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS 99 Mark R. Fielden 7 GENOMICS IN CHARACTERIZING ENDOCRINE TOXICITY 117 Jorge M. Naciff and George P. Daston 8 STUDYING ORGAN-SPECIFIC TOXICITY USING GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILING 147 M. Ann Mongan and Hisham K. Hamadeh 9 TOXICOGENOMIC STUDIES IN HUMAN POPULATIONS 177 Cliona M. McHale, Luoping Zhang, Alan E. Hubbard, and Martyn T. Smith 10 TOXICOGENOMICS APPLIED TO ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT 207 Daniel L. Villeneuve, Dalma Martinovi´c, and Gerald T. Ankley 11 ANALYSIS OF TRANSCRIPTOMIC DOSE–RESPONSE DATA FOR TOXICOLOGY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 237 Russell S. Thomas, Longlong Yang, Harvey J. Clewell, and Melvin E. Andersen 12 TOXICOGENOMICS AS A TOOL FOR VALIDATING ANIMAL TO HUMAN EXTRAPOLATIONS IN CHEMICAL RISK ASSESSMENT: CONCEPTS, APPLICATIONS, AND CHALLENGES 251 Alan Dombkowski and J. Craig Rowlands 13 TOXICOGENOMICS AND ANIMAL ALTERNATIVES 267 Anne S. Kienhuis, Joost H. M. van Delft, and Jos C. S. Kleinjans 14 TOXICOGENOMICS AND THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 293 Kathryn Gallagher, Federico M. Goodsaid, David J. Dix, Susan Y. Euling, Melissa Kramer, Nancy E. McCarroll, Julian R. Preston, Philip G. Sayre, Banalata Sen, Douglas C. Wolf, and William H. Benson 15 STANDARDIZATION OF GENE-EXPRESSION INFORMATION FOR THE SAFETY EVALUATION: ACTIVITIES IN JAPAN 323 Ken-ichi Aisaki and Jun Kanno 16 APPLYING TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILING IN DRUG SAFETY EVALUATION 331 Lois D. Lehman-McKeeman and William R. Foster 17 REFRAMING THE RISK ASSESSMENT PARADIGM: TOWARD A SYSTEMS BIOLOGY APPROACH 349 Sarah N. Campion and Kim Boekelheide INDEX 357

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Book SynopsisMolecular Analysis and Genome Discovery, Second Edition is a completely revised and updated new edition of this successful book. The text provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the fast moving field of molecular based diagnostics of disease markers. Key concepts and applications are provided alongside practical information on current techniques currently being researched and developed. Each chapter offers an up-to-date analysis of the subject encompassing the very latest technology platforms and is an essential reference for researchers in the field looking for an up-to-date overview of the subject. The book will also be an indispensable resource for those working in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. New for this edition: chapters on Genotyping through Mutation Detection; Differential Gene Expression; Haplotyping and Molecular Profiling.Trade Review“It will be of immense value to students, biotechnologists, and scientists in the pharmaceutical industry. This update absolutely justifies replacement of the first edition.” (Doody’s, 24 August 2012)Table of ContentsPreface ix Contributors xi 1 Overview of Genotyping 1 Monica Bayes and Ivo Glynne Gut Introduction 1 Methods for interrogating SNPs 3 Commercial platforms for SNP genotyping 7 Practical recommendations 11 SNP databases 14 Methylation analysis 15 Copy number variation analysis 16 Second generation sequencing technologies 17 Conclusions 18 References 19 2 DNA Chip Analysis in Genome Discovery 24 Ross N. Nazar and Jane Robb Introduction 24 Interrogating a genome 25 Cross-species hybridization 28 Comparative genomic hybridization and microarray-based genotyping 31 Barcodes, DNA microarrays and organism identification 34 Concluding remarks 36 References 37 3 qPCR, Theory, Reliability and Use in Molecular Analysis 43 Jamie Murphy and Stephen A. Bustin Sample preparation 44 RNA quality 45 Reagents 46 Assay design 47 Transparency of published data 51 Further considerations 52 Conclusion 52 References 52 4 DNA Analysis in Droplet-Based Microfluidic Devices 56 Pinar Ozdemir and Yonghao Zhang Introduction 56 Continuous-flow microPCR chips 58 PCR inhibition and carryover contamination 62 PCR in droplets 65 Conclusions 73 References 75 5 High-Resolution Melt Profiling 81 Steven F. Dobrowolski and Carl T. Wittwer Introduction 81 Basic concepts of melt profiling 82 HRMP and polymerase chain reaction 84 DNA specimens and HRMP 89 Determining a temperature window for melting 90 Dyes and platforms for melt profiling 92 Scanning PCR products for sequence variation 93 Genotyping with high-resolution melt profiling 102 Other applications of HRMP 108 Final notes 109 References 110 6 Massively Parallel Sequencing 114 Tracy Tucker, Marco Marra and Jan M. Friedman Sanger sequencing 114 Massively parallel sequencing 114 Commercially available massively parallel sequencers 115 Future technologies 122 Paired-end or mate-paired reads 123 Target-enrichment strategies for MPS 124 Applications of MPS 125 Summary 131 References 132 7 Aptamers for Analysis: Nucleic Acids Ligands in the Post-Genomic Era 135 Pedro Nadal, Alessandro Pinto, Marketa Svobodova and Ciara K. O'Sullivan Introduction 135 SELEX 136 Aptamers in analysis 147 Imaging with aptamers 157 Conclusions, outlooks and perspectives 160 References 161 8 Use of Nanotechnology for Enhancing of Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Analysis: A Molecular Approach 175 Farid E. Ahmed Introduction 175 Proteomics and nanotechnology 176 Nanoscale multicomponent separation 176 Nanoscale protein detection strategies 178 Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) 182 References 188 9 Chip-Based Proteomics 193 Julian Bailes, Andrew Milnthorpe, Sandra Smieszek and Mikhail Soloviev Introduction 193 Lab-on-a-chip 194 Arrays 196 Chip-based mass spectrometry 203 Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) chip instruments 205 Microfluidics 207 Conclusion 209 References 211 10 Antibody Microarrays in Proteome Profiling 219 Mohamed Saiel Saeed Alhamdani and Jorg D. Hoheisel Introduction 219 Technical aspects 220 Antibody array applications 226 Summary 229 Acknowledgements 229 References 229 11 Biomarker Detection and Molecular Profiling by Multiplex Microbead Suspension Array Based Immunoproteomics 244 V. V. Krishhan, Imran H. Khan and Paul A. Luciw Introduction 244 Principles of microbead-based multiplexing 245 Experimental aspects of the multiplex microbead assay 247 Multiplex microbead assay design and comparison with other methods 250 Applications of the multiplex microbead assay system for biomedical research and clinical studies 252 Selected investigational fields for multiplex analysis and examples of applications 255 Challenges and current limitations 255 Summary and future directions 259 Acknowledgements 261 References 261 12 Mass Spectrometry in Metabolomics 271 William J. Griffiths and Yuqin Wang Introduction 271 Sample collection and preparation 272 Data acquisition 274 Data analysis 279 Applications 283 Conclusion 294 Acknowledgement 294 References 295 Index 299

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Book SynopsisSets the foundation for safer, more effective drug therapies With this book as their guide, readers will discover how to apply our current understanding of the pharmacogenomics of drug transporters to advance their own drug discovery and development efforts. In particular, the book explains how new findings in the field now enable researchers to more accurately predict drug interactions and adverse drug reactions. Moreover, it sets the foundation for the development of drug therapies that are tailored to an individual patient''s genetics. Pharmacogenomics of Human Drug Transporters serves as a comprehensive guide to how transporters regulate the absorption, distribution, and elimination of drugs in the body as well as how an individual''s genome affects those processes. The book''s eighteen chapters have been authored by a team of leading pioneers in the field. Based on their own laboratory and clinical experience as well as a thorough review of the literTable of ContentsPREFACE vii CONTRIBUTORS ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOGENOMICS OF DRUG TRANSPORTERS 1 Marianne K. DeGorter and Richard B. Kim CHAPTER 2 ADME PHARMACOGENOMICS IN DRUG DEVELOPMENT 13 Liangfu Chen and Joseph W. Polli CHAPTER 3 REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE ON PHARMACOGENOMICS OF DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES AND TRANSPORTERS 39 Lei Zhang, Gilbert J. Burckart, Lawrence J. Lesko and Shiew-Mei Huang CHAPTER 4 THE PHARMACOGENOMICS OF MEMBRANE TRANSPORTERS PROJECT 73 Sook Wah Yee, Deanna L. Kroetz and Kathleen M. Giacomini CHAPTER 5 EMERGING NEW TECHNOLOGY OF SNP TYPING 109 Toshihisa Ishikawa and Yoshihide Hayashizaki CHAPTER 6 OATP1A2, OAT1, AND OAT3 125 Rommel G. Tirona CHAPTER 7 OATP1B1, OATP1B3, AND OATP2B1 141 J¨org K¨onig and Martin F. Fromm CHAPTER 8 OCT (SLC22A) AND OCTN FAMILY 171 Sophie L. Stocker, Arian Emami Riedmaier, Matthias Schwab and Kathleen M. Giacomini CHAPTER 9 MATE (SLC47) FAMILY 209 Atsushi Yonezawa and Ken-ichi Inui CHAPTER 10 PEPT (SLC15A) FAMILY 223 Tomoko Sugiura, Saki Umeda, Akira Tsuji and Yukio Kato CHAPTER 11 NUCLEOSIDE TRANSPORTERS (SLC28 AND SLC29) FAMILY 243 M´ýriam Molina-Arcas and Marc¸al Pastor-Anglada CHAPTER 12 P-GLYCOPROTEIN (MDR1/ABCB1) 271 Ingolf Cascorbi CHAPTER 13 BSEP (ABCB11) 295 Bruno Stieger and Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick CHAPTER 14 BCRP (ABCG2) 311 Agnes Basseville, Susan E. Bates, William D. Figg and Alex Sparreboom CHAPTER 15 MRP2 (ABCC2) AND MRP3 (ABCC3) 345 Anne T. Nies CHAPTER 16 MRP4 (ABCC4) 365 Satish B. Cheepala, Mugdha Sukthankar and John D. Schuetz CHAPTER 17 MRP8 (ABCC11) 387 Yu Toyoda and Toshihisa Ishikawa CHAPTER 18 FUTURE PERSPECTIVES 401 Toshihisa Ishikawa and Joseph Ware INDEX 417

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Book SynopsisThis volume provides basic guidelines concerning quality assurance and its responsibilities for biopharmaceuticals manufactured by either recombinant, monoclonal antibody or other biotechnological methodologies. Insight is given on the safety, purity and efficacy of the products produced.Table of ContentsOrganization of Quality Assurance (J. Huxsoll). Coming into GMP Compliance (C. Orelli). Documentation Systems (C. Brochard). Validation (D. Colton). Quality Assurance (QA) of Production Materials for Biotechnology(D. Miller). Quality Assurance (QA) of Analytical Methods--Biochemical (F.Bogdansky). Applied Data Analysis, Sampling Methodologies, and StatisticalValidation Techniques (G. Swartz). Environmental and Safety Programs for Biotechnology (M.Sigourney). Regulatory Issues--United States (C. Spencer). Regulatory Issues--Europe (R. Wikberg-Leonardi & D.Mulder). Regulatory Issues--Japan (R. Rousell & E. Greene). Abbreviations. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisWith the rise in cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), it is becoming increasingly important to find ways to prevent transgenes from escaping into related crops and plants in the wild.Table of ContentsList of Contributors ix Foreword xi J. Perry Gustafson and Peter H. Raven Section 1 Perspectives of Gene Flow 1 Chapter 1 Potential Environmental Impacts of Transgene Flow in Rice with a Particular View on Herbicide Resistance 3 Bao-Rong Lu and Wei Wang Introduction 3 Transgene Escape and Its Potential Environmental Impacts 4 Herbicide-Resistant Rice 8 Gene Flow from Herbicide-Resistant Rice and Its Potential Impacts 12 Managing Potential Environmental Impacts from Transgene Flow 17 Conclusion 19 Acknowledgments 20 References 20 Chapter 2 Assessment and Detection of Gene Flow 27 Wei Wei, Charles Kwit, Reginald J. Millwood, Hong S. Moon, and C. Neal Stewart Jr. Importance of Assessment and Detection of Gene Flow 27 Detection Methodologies 29 Applications in Assessment of Gene Flow 35 Perspectives 36 Acknowledgments 37 References 37 Chapter 3 Bt Resistance Monitoring in European Corn Borers and Western Corn Rootworms 43 Blair D. Siegfried and Terence Spencer Introduction 43 Resistance Monitoring 44 Bioassay Methods and Baseline Susceptibility 47 Recent Developments 49 Conclusions 51 Acknowledgments 52 References 52 Chapter 4 Commercialization of GMOs: the Company Perspective on Risks and Containment 57 Kater Hake Commercialization of Traits Derived from Plant Biotechnology (GMOs and Alien Chromosome Introgression) 57 Gene Containment During the Commercial Utilization of Crops Derived from Biotechnology 60 Gene Containment During Research, Development, and Seed Production 62 Stewardship and Gene Containment 63 References 65 Section 2 Strategies for Gene Containment 67 Chapter 5 Trait Control (Gene Switch Technology) 69 M. Isabel Ordiz, Jaemo Yang, and Roger N. Beachy Components of Gene Switch Systems 69 Application of Gene Switch Technologies 75 Future Perspectives 79 References 80 Chapter 6 Male Sterility and Hybrid Plant Systems for Gene Confinement 85 Albert P. Kausch, Joel Hague, Adam Deresienski, Michael Tilelli, and Kimberly Nelson Introduction 85 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility 86 Transgenic Nuclear Male Sterility 87 Transgenic Nuclear Male Sterility for Gene Confinement 89 Male Sterility for Recovery of Wide Crosses with Gene Confinement 90 Hybrid Plant Systems 92 Seed-Based Hybrid Plant Systems 92 Gene-Deletor System 92 Male and Female Sterile Lines 94 Total Sterility 95 Stable Knockout Mutations 96 References 96 Chapter 7 Gene-Deletor Technology and Its Potential Applications in Addressing Gene Flow and Food Safety Concerns over Transgenic Plants 101 Yi Li, Hui Duan, Yongqin Chen, and Richard McAvoy Introduction 101 The Principle of Gene-Deletor Technology and Supporting Experimental Data 102 Characteristics and Requirements of Gene-Deletor Technology 105 Potential Applications of Gene-Deletor Technology 107 Conclusions and Perspectives 109 Acknowledgments 110 References 110 Chapter 8 Seed-Based Gene Containment Strategies 113 Melvin J. Oliver and Kater Hake Seedless Crops 114 Seed-Based Containment 115 GeneSafe (Technology Protection System (TPS)) Technology 117 Expression Cascades for Gene Containment 120 References 123 Chapter 9 Transgenic Mitigation of Transgene Dispersal by Pollen and Seed 125 Jonathan Gressel and Hani Al-Ahmad Introduction—Containers Leak 125 Mitigation—The Concept of Conferring a Selective Disadvantage Outside of Cultivation 128 Evidence That TM Mitigates Transgene Establishment 133 Tailoring Mitigator Genes to Crops and Cropping Situation 137 Concluding Remarks 142 References 142 Chapter 10 Tapping RNA Silencing for Transgene Containment through the Engineering of Sterility in Plants 147 Zongrang Liu and Stacy D. Singer Introduction 147 References 166 Chapter 11 Control of Cleistogamy and Seed Dormancy for Biological Gene Containment in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) 175 Sabine Gruber and Alexandra H¨usken Introduction 175 Pathways of Gene Flow in Oilseed Rape 176 Managing Gene Flow in Oilseed Rape 184 Combining Biological Measures Package for Gene Containment 191 Conclusion 192 Acknowledgments 192 References 192 Index 199 A color plate section appears between pages 114 and 115

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive and mechanistic perspective on fruit ripening, emphasizing commonalities and differences between fruit groups and ripening processes. Fruits are an essential part of the human diet and contain important phytochemicals that provide protection against heart disease and cancers.Table of ContentsContents List of Contributors ix Preface xi Chapter 1 Biochemistry of Fruit Ripening 1 Sonia Osorio and Alisdair R. Fernie Introduction 1 Central Carbon Metabolism 4 Ethylene in Ripening 7 Polyamines 9 Volatiles 10 Cell Wall Metabolism 11 Concluding Remarks 13 References 13 Chapter 2 Fruit—An Angiosperm Innovation 21 Sandra Knapp and Amy Litt Introduction 21 Fruit in the Fossil Record 30 Fruit Variation and Angiosperm Phylogeny 32 Fruit Development 33 Fruit as a Driver of Angiosperm Diversity 36 Acknowledgments 38 References 38 Chapter 3 Ethylene and the Control of Fruit Ripening 43 Don Grierson Introduction 43 Ethylene and Climacteric and Nonclimacteric Fruits 46 A Molecular Explanation for System-1 and System-2 Ethylene 48 Ethylene and Ripening Gene Networks in Flower and Fruit Development 53 Ethylene Perception and Signaling 54 Ethylene Response Factors 60 Ethylene and Ripening Gene Expression 60 Conclusions 67 Acknowledgments 68 References 68 Chapter 4 Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Chlorophyll Degradation 75 Peter M. Bramley Introduction 75 Distribution of Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Fruit 75 Chlorophyll Degradation and Recycling 78 Carotenoids and Carotenoid Metabolites 82 Future Perspectives 100 Acknowledgments 102 Bibliography 102 Chapter 5 Phenylpropanoid Metabolism and Biosynthesis of Anthocyanins 117 Laura Jaakola Introduction 117 Cinnamic Acids 119 Monolignols, Lignans, and Lignin 120 Coumarins 120 Stilbenoids 122 Flavonoids 122 Engineering Elevated Levels of Flavonoids and Other Phenylpropanoids 128 Conclusion 129 References 129 Chapter 6 Biosynthesis of Volatile Compounds 135 Antonio Granell and Jose Luis Rambla Introduction 135 Metabolic Pathways 136 Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Volatiles 152 Metabolic Engineering of the Fruit Volatile Pathways 153 Future Perspectives 154 References 155 Chapter 7 Cell Wall Architecture and Metabolism in Ripening Fruit and the Complex Relationship with Softening 163 Eliel Ruiz-May and Jocelyn K.C. Rose Introduction 163 Building Blocks of Fruit Cell Walls 164 The Architecture of Fruit Cell Walls 168 Cell Wall Dynamics in Ripening Fruit 171 The Cuticular Cell Wall and Fruit Softening 177 Summary 179 Acknowledgments 180 References 180 Chapter 8 Regulatory Networks Controlling Ripening 189 Betsy Ampopho, Natalie Chapman, Graham B. Seymour, and James J. Giovannoni Hormonal Control 189 Genetic Networks 191 Epigenetic Regulation 200 References 201 Index 207

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Book SynopsisIn the past decade, a number of advances have been made in genetic engineering as applied to farmed animals. This book has been developed from invited presentations at a conference held in California in August 1997 to address this issue. It is written by representatives from the leading laboratories involved in attempts to improve agriculturally important mammals, poultry and fish. Current knowledge, methodology, technical improvements and successes in the applications of transgenic technology to a range of animals which are important in agriculture are brought together for the first time under one cover. This book is essential reading for research workers in animal genetics, breeding and biotechnology.Table of Contents1: Transgenic Farm Animals, C A Pinkert, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA and J D Murray, University of California, USA 2: Development of Genetic Tools for Transgenic Animals, P B Hackett, University of Minnesota, USA 3: One Gene is Not Enough: Transgene Detection, Expression and Control, K D Wells and R J Wall, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, USA 4: Embryonic Stem Cells in Agricultural Species, G B Anderson, University of California, USA 5: Nuclear Transfer in the Production of Transgenic Farm Animals,I Wilmut, Roslin Institute, Roslin, UK et al. 6: Embryonic Stem Cell Chimaeras and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transplantation for Production of Transgenic Cattle, J M Robl, University of Massachusetts, USA et al. 7: Status of Sperm-mediated Delivery Methods for Gene Transfer, E J Squires, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada 8: Understanding the Origin of Avian Primordial Germ Cells: Implications for Germ Cell Culture and Transgenesis in Poultry, J N Petitte, North Carolina State University, Davis, USA et al. 9: Generation of Transgenic Poultry by Transfection of Primordial Germ Cells, E A Wong, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, USA 10: Expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in Skeletal Muscle of Transgenic Swine, V G Pursel, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, USA et al. 11: Production and Analysis of Transgenic Pigs Containing a Metallothionein Porcine Growth Hormone Gene Construct, M B Nottle, BresaGen Ltd., Adelaide, Australia 12: The Utilization of Bacterial Genes to Modify Domestic Animal Biochemistry, K A Ward CSIRO, NSW, Australia et al. 13: Production of Transgenic Cattle expressing a Recombinant Protein in Milk, W H Eyestone, PPL Therapeutics Inc., Blacksburg, USA 14: Changing the Composition and Properties of Milk, J D Murray et al 15: Comparison of Traditional Breeding and Transgenesis in Farmed Fish with Implications for Growth Enhancement and Fitness, R A Dunham, Auburn University, USA et al. 16: Direct and Correlated Responses to Short-term Selection of 8-week Body Weight in Lines of Transgenic (oMt1a-oGH) Mice, F Siewerdt, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA 17: Ethics, Animal Welfare and Transgenic Farm Animals, J A Mench, University of California, Davis, USA 18: The Future of Transgenic Farm Animals, G E Seidel Jr, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

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Book SynopsisIntellectual property (IP) and patents involving animals is an ever-changing field. The purpose of this book is to review the role that intellectual property plays in the development of modern animal breeding and genetics. It includes discussion of the history of animal patenting,common forms of intellectual property,economic issues related to patent protection and the funding of research, ethical issues, and the consequences of intellectual property in the modern animal genetics market place.Table of Contents1: Intellectual Property and Food Security – Policy Issues 2: Intellectual Property and Agriculture 3: International Intellectual Property Landscape 4: Plant Variety Protection and Food Security 5: Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 6: Traditional Agricultural Knowledge and Farmers Rights 7: Intellectual Property Aspects of GMOs and Food Security 8: Geographical Indications and Food Security 9: Competition Aspects 10: Intellectual Property and Agricultural Research 11: Recommendations

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive research book represents the first complete integration of current knowledge in this area. It addresses issues associated with poultry breeding particularly by examining quantitative and molecular genetics and the uses of transgenic technology. A special section covers the important area of disease resistance and transmission.Table of Contents1: Part I: Problems and Issues associated with Poultry Breeding 2: Industrial Perspective on Problems & Issues Associated with Poultry Breeding, J Arthur, Hy-Line International, Dallas Center, USA & G Albers, Nutreco Agriculture Research & Development, The Netherlands 3: Growth & Reproduction Problems Associated with Selection for Increased Broiler Meat Production, E Ducuypere, V Bruggeman, Catholic Uni Leuven, G Barbato, Pennsylvania Uni,& J Buyse, Catholic Uni Leuven, 4: Skeletal Problems Associated with Selection for Increased Production, C Whitehead, R Fleming, Bone Biology Group, Roslin Institute, R Julian, Ontario Veterinary College & P Sørensen, DIAS 5: Meat Quality Problems Associated with Selection for Increased Production, H Remignon, ENSAT, France and E Le Bihan-Duval, Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA Centre de Tours, France 6: Behaviour Problems Associated with Selection for Increased Production, J B Kjaer, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Tjele, Denmark and J A Mench, University of California, USA 7: Problems with Genotype-Environment Interactions Associated with Selection for Increased Production, P K Mathur, Canadian Center for Swine Improvement Inc, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 8: Part II: Breeding Strategies and Objectives 9: Breeding Objectives and Selection Strategies for Layer Production, A E Groen, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 10: Breeding Objectives and Selection Strategies for Broiler Production, D Emmerson, Aviagens, AL, USA 11: Use of Mixed Model Methodology in Breeding Strategies for Meat Type Birds, 12: B Besbes, Hubbard-ISA (Layer Division), Chateaubourg, France and V Ducrocq, Station de Genetique Quantitative et Appliquee, INRA, France 13: Application of Mixed Model Methodology in Breeding Strategies for Meat Type Birds, S Wezyk, Krowoderskich Zuchow, Poland and J Jankowski, University of Warmia and Mazury, Poland 14: Use of Mixed Model Methodology in Poultry Breeding: Estimation of Genetic Parameters, T Szwaczkowski, August Cieszkowski Agricultural University of Poznan, Poland 15: Use of Mixed Model Methodology in Poultry Breeding: Assumptions, limitations, and concerns of BLUP based selection programs, M Quinton, University of Guelph, Canada 16: Direct Selection for Improvement of Animal Well-Being, J Faure, Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA Centre de Tours, France, W Bessei, Universitat Hohenheim, Germany & R Jones, Roslin Institute, Edinburgh 17: Indirect Selection for Improvement of Animal Well-Being, W M Muir 18: Genetic Diversity and Conservation of Poultry, M E Delany, University of California, USA 19: Part III: Disease Resistance and Transmission 20: Progress and Prospects in Resistance to Disease, U Kuhnlein, McGill University, Canada, S E Aggrey and A Zadworny, McGill University, Canada 21: Genetics of the Immune System, J Plachy, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, P Kaiser, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Lab & K Hala, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Innsbruck Medical School 22: Genetic Resistance and Transmission of Avian Bacteria and Viruses, N Bumstead, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Berkshire, UK 23: Genetic Resistance and Transmission of Avian Parasites, M-H Pinard van der Laan, Laboratoire de Genetique Factorille, INRA, France, H S Lillehoj and James J Zhu, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, USA 24: Selection for Disease Resistance: Conventional Breeding for Resistance to Bacteria and Viruses, C Beaumont, Station de Recherches Avicoles, G Dambrine, A Chausse, INRA & D Flock, Akazienweg, 25: Selection for Disease Resistance: Molecular Genetic Techniques, H H Cheng, USDA-ARS, Avian Diseases and Oncology Lab, MI, USA 26: Selection for Disease Resistance: Direct Selection on the Immune Response, S Lamont, Iowa Uni, M Pinard-van der Laan, A Cahaner, Hebrew Uni Jerusalem, J van der Poel & H Parmentier, Wageningen Uni 27: Part IV: The Use of Genomics and Bioinformatics in Poultry 28: Genetic Markers: Prospects and Applications in Genetic Analysis, S E Aggrey and R Okimoto, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA 29: Designs and Methods to Detect QTL for Production Traits based on Mapped Genetic Markers, J A M Van Arendonk, and H Bovenhuis, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 30: Designs and Methods to Detect QTL for Production Traits based on Random Genetic Models, Yi Nengjun and S Xu, University of California, Riverside, USA 31: Structural Genomics: Integrating Linkage, Physical and Sequence Maps, M A M Groenen and R P M A Crooijmans, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 32: Incorporating Molecular Information in Breeding Programs: Methodology, R Fernando and L R Totir, Iowa State University, Ames, USA 33: Incorporating Molecular Information in Breeding Programs: Applications and Limitations, W M Muir 34: Comparative Genomics, D W Burt, Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, UK 35: Functional Genomics: Development and Gene Regulation, J Killefer, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA and H Kocamis, College of Agriculture, Morgantown, WV, USA 36: Expressed Sequence Tags, DNA Chip Technology and Gene Expression Profiling, L A Cogburn, R Morgan and J Burnside, University of Delaware, Newark, USA 37: DNA Polymorphisms in Functional Genes, U Kuhnlein, McGill University, Quebec, Canada, S E Aggrey, N Kansaku, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan and D Zadworny, McGill University, Quebec, Canada 38: Strategies for the Production of Transgenic Chickens, J N Petitte, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA 39: The Future of Molecular Genetics in Poultry Breeding, J Dodgson, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA

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Book SynopsisThis book is a compendium of knowledge, experience and insight on agriculture, biotechnology and development. Beginning with an account of GM crop adoptions and attitudes towards them, the book assesses numerous crucial processes, concluding with detailed insights into GM products.Trade Review'This is a timely assessment of the current and possible future status of GMOs, with useful observations on what has been learned along the way and how this knowledge might be applied. Well edited and produced.' -- L. C. Devis, Kansas State University, Choice‘This Handbook covers a contentious topic, so the approach of the editors is refreshing, especially their transparent introduction as to how they organized their work. A key theme is evidence. I have been involved in agro-biotechnology for 25 years, mainly at the international level; I know that evidence is what matters. This is a comprehensive coverage of many aspects of agro-biotechnology but it is easy to navigate through the chapters and follow any number of issues of interest.’ -- – Peter Kearns, OECD, Paris‘This Handbook is a tour de force, providing fascinating insights and nourishments for the mind that will shape views and visions. The rich interplay between science and society, between agriculture and development, comprehensively addressed in this Handbook is a must-read for anyone wishing to make a meaningful contribution to global development.’ -- Anatole Krattiger, Cornell University, US‘Over the last two decades one of the great global emerging technological trends has been the shift from chemistry to biology in agriculture. Bitterly contested and enduringly controversial, the shift to biotechnology has nevertheless led to greater sustainability and promises even greater gains in years to come. This Handbook is an invaluable compendium of detailed case study and insight.’Table of ContentsContents: Editor’s Introduction: Conceptual Framing of the IAD framework and Methods, Models and Metrics 1. Introduction to Agriculture, Biotechnology and Development Stuart J. Smyth, Peter W.B. Phillips and David Castle PART I: EXOGENOUS VARIABLES: THE ENVIRONMENT, ACTORS AND RULES 2. Global Adoption of GM Crops, 1995–2010 Graham Brookes 3. Structure of Public Research Richard Gray and Buwani Dayananda 4. The Private Sector: MNEs and SMEs Jill E. Hobbs 5. Biotechnology in North America: The United States, Canada and Mexico Julia Bognar and Grace Skogstad 6. South American Adopters: Argentina and Brazil Sybil D. Rhodes 7. Africa Jennifer Thomson 8. China Valerie J. Karplus 9. Agricultural Biotechnology in India: Impacts and Controversies Matin Qaim 10. Oceania: Australia, New Zealand, Japan and The Philippines Karinne Ludlow and Jose Yorobe Jr. 11. European Union Policy Conflicts over Agbiotech: Ecological Modernisation Perspectives and Critiques Les Levidow 12. Africa Non-adopters Robert Paarlberg 13. Non-adopters of GM Crops in Latin American Jose Falck-Zepeda 14. The Cuban Context for Agriculture and Innovation Carlos G. Borroto 15. Risk Assessment Frameworks in the Multilateral Setting Lee Ann Jackson 16. The Trade System and Biotechnology William A. Kerr 17. Developing Countries and the Legal Institutions at the Intersection of Agbiotech and Development Chidi Oguamanam 18. Consumer Attitudes and Preferences for GM Products Stuart J. Smyth and David Castle 19. The Motivation and Impact of Organized Public Resistance Against Agricultural Biotechnology Philip Aerni PART II: ACTION ARENAS 20. The Research Pipeline Peter W.B. Phillips 21. Clusters, Innovation Systems and Biotechnology in Developing Country Agriculture David J. Spielman, Douglas Zhihua Zeng and Xingliang Ma 22. Practice Driving Policy: Agbiotech Transfer as Capacity Building William O. Hennessey, Aarushi Gupta and Stanley P. Kowalski 23. The North American Crop Biotech Environment, Actors and Rules David Schimmelpfennig 24. Adoption Decisions Corinne Alexander 25. Co-existence Volker Beckmann, Claudio Soregaroli and Justus Wesseler 26. Biotechnology and the Inputs Industry Anwar Naseem and Latha Nagarajan 27. Market Power in the US Biotech Industry Alexandre Magnier, Nicholas Kalaitzandonakes and Douglas Miller 28. The Dynamic IP System in Crop Genetics and Biotechnology Derek Eaton and Greg Graff 29. Environment Effects LaReesa Wolfenbarger, Yves Carrière and Micheal Owen 30. Labelling of Genetically Modified Foods Wallace E. Huffman and Jill J. McCluskey 31. Biotechnology and Food Security Calestous Juma, Pedro Conceição and Sebastian Levine 32. International Regimes on Plant Intellectual Property Rights and Plant Genetic Resources: Implications for Stakeholders Deepthi Elizabeth Kolady 33. Engaging Publics on Agbiotech: A Retrospective Look Jennifer Medlock and Edna Einsiedel 34. Lessons from the California GM Labelling Proposition on the State of Crop Biotechnology David Zilberman, Scott Kaplan, Eunice Kim and Gina Waterfield 35. Biotechnology Communications, Mythmaking and the Media Camille D. Ryan PART III: OUTCOMES 36. Soybeans Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo and Seth Wechsler 37. Maize/Corn Janet Carpenter, Marnus Gouse and Jose Yorobe Jr. 38. GM Cotton Jeffrey Vitale, Gaspard Vognan and Marc Ouattarra 39. Canola Derek Brewin and Stavroula Malla 40. The Hawaiian Papaya Story Carol V. Gonsalves and Dennis Gonsalves 41. Sugar Beet Koen Dillen and Matty Demont 42. Rice Matty Demont, Mao Chen, Gongyin Ye and Alexander J. Stein 43. Aggregate Effects: Adopters and Non-adopters, Investors and Consumers George B. Frisvold and Jeanne M. Reeves 44. Economic Success but Political Failure? The Paradox of GM Crops in Developing Countries Terri Raney, Ademola A. Adenle and Ira Matuschke 45. The Size and Distribution of the Benefits from the Adoption of Biotech Soybean Varieties Julian M. Alston, Nicholas Kalaitzandonakes and John Kruse 46. Wheat: Status, Outlook and Implications William W. Wilson 47. Small Grains: Barley, Oat and Rye Syed Masood H. Rizvi and Graham J. Scoles 48. Incremental Benefits of Genetically Modified Bananas in Uganda Enoch M. Kikulwe, Jose Falck-Zepeda and Justus Wesseler 49. Biofuels and GM Feedstocks Alphanso Williams and William A. Kerr 50. Non-food GM Crops: Phytoremediation, Industrial Products and Pharmaceuticals George G. Khachatourians 51. Tomatoes, Potatoes and Flax: Exploring the Cost of Lost Innovations Camille D. Ryan and Alan McHughen

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Book SynopsisINTEGRATION OF BIOMATERIALS FOR GENE THERAPY Brings industrial practitioners and researchers together to discuss how the deeper integration of biomaterial platforms could play a significant role in enabling breakthroughs in the application of gene editing for the treatment of human disease. This book comprises research and review articles from leading researchers with multidisciplinary experience. It discusses many broad topics, including nanoparticle-enabled gene therapy, inorganic nanocarrier-based gene delivery, non-viral delivery of nucleic acid, biocompatible hydrogels, silk, and polysaccharides-based gene delivery. Other gene delivery topics discussed include the use of smart and engineered biomaterials, combined therapy with growth factors and cell transportation, and the prospects and challenges in the treatment of different diseases, including cancer. This book bridges the knowledge of pharmaceutics, engineering, basic science, and clinical research fields in a way that will hTable of ContentsForeword xvii Preface xix Acknowledgment xxi 1 Biocompatible Hydrogels for Gene Therapy: Advancement and Applications 1Ankita Gupta and Swatantra K.S. Kushwaha 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Hydrogels Classification 3 1.3 Fabrication of Hydrogels and Its Desirable Technical Features 4 1.4 Factors to be Tuned for Gene Encapsulation in Hydrogels 4 1.5 Recent Advances on Hydrogels for Gene Delivery 6 1.6 Conclusion 9 2 Use of Polysaccharides: Novel Delivery System for Genetic Material 13Prashant Kumar, Swatantra K.S. Kushwaha, Neelottama Kushwaha, Abhishek Singh and Surya Nath Pandey 2.1 Introduction 14 2.2 Cross-Linking Techniques for Engineering Polysaccharides-Based Biomaterials 23 2.3 Approaches to Design Polysaccharide-Derived Biomaterials 26 2.4 Biomedical Applications of Polysaccharide-Derived Biomaterials 29 2.5 Advanced Biomaterials for Wound Dressings 30 2.6 Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Development of Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting 30 2.7 Recent Utilization of Polysaccharides 31 2.8 Toxicity Concerns of Polysaccharide-Derived Biomaterials 33 2.9 Preclinical and Clinical Studies on Gene Delivery Using Polysaccharide-Based Biomaterials 33 2.10 Challenges and Future Directions 34 2.11 Future Prospects 35 2.12 Conclusion 35 3 Polysaccharide-Based Biomaterials for Gene Delivery 47Ankita Moharana, Abhitav Tiwari, Shalini Perada, Shivlal Yadav and Om Prakash Kumar 3.1 Background 48 3.2 Introduction 49 3.3 Gene Therapy 51 3.4 Gene Delivery Systems Based on Polysaccharides 53 3.5 Practical Application of Gene Delivery Systems 56 3.6 Polysaccharide-Based Nanoparticles 57 3.7 DNA Delivery 63 3.7.1 siRNA Delivery 65 3.8 Conclusion 70 4 Hydrogel-Based Gene Therapy 77Shweta Kumari, Dipti Jena, Vedant Kumar Prajapati, Shashi Ranjan Singh and Garima Tripathi 4.1 Introduction 78 4.2 Gene Therapy 83 4.3 In Vivo Gene Therapy Using Hydrogels 86 4.4 Encapsulating Cells in Hydrogels for Gene Therapy Delivery 87 4.5 Hydrogels for Integrative Tissue Engineering and Cell Delivery 89 4.6 Biocompatible Hydrogels for Transferring Cells 91 4.7 Using Hydrogels for Gene Therapy in Tissue Engineering-Based Drug 93 4.8 Human Gene Therapy that Uses Hydrogel as an Alternative Method of Delivering Genetic Material to Patients 94 4.9 Recent Advancement in Biocompatible Hydrogel 96 4.10 Applications of Hydrogel 99 4.11 Current Hydrogels in Clinical Trials 104 4.12 Conclusions 106 5 Progress and Prospects for Non-Viral Gene Therapy 117Shashimala Tiwari 5.1 Introduction 118 5.2 Definition 118 5.3 Technology Overview for Non-Viral Gene Delivery 119 5.4 Chemical Carriers for Gene Transfer: Establishing Effective In Vivo Gene Delivery 121 5.5 Types of Gene Delivery 122 5.6 Reduction of Immunological Responses Through Alteration of Delivery Method or DNA Structure 124 5.7 To Enable Long-Lasting Gene Expression, Self-Replicating, Tissue-Specific, and Integrating Plasmid Expression Systems are Designed 124 5.8 Hybrid Vector Systems to Improve Transfection and Lessen Cytotoxicity 125 5.9 Vehicle Material 127 5.10 Further Effects 129 5.11 Challenges and Prospects 130 5.12 Conclusion 132 6 Nanoparticles for Tumor Gene Therapy: Recent Advances and Perspective 139R. Shivhare, V. Sabale, A. Ingole and Neelam Jain 6.1 Introduction 140 6.2 Technologies for Gene Delivery 142 6.3 Cancer Treatment with Gene Therapy 147 6.4 Gene Therapy Using Nanotechnology 147 6.5 Challenges and Future Aspects 160 7 Effective Gene Transfer with Non-Viral Vectors 183Anil Kumar Mavi, Sonal Gaur, Neelesh Kumar, Avanish Kumar Shrivastav, Sankha Bhattacharya,Sateesh Belemkar, Saurabh Maru and Dhruv Kumar 7.1 Introduction 184 7.2 System Development for Delivering Genes 186 7.3 Methods for Non-Viral Vector for Delivery of Genes 186 7.4 Delivery System 203 7.5 Current Methods for Nonviral Gene Delivery: Benefits and Drawbacks 209 7.6 Current Barriers for Non-Viral Vectors 210 7.7 Possibilities for Enhancing the Non-Viral Vector Delivery System 212 7.8 Conclusion 212 7.9 Future Relevance 213 8 Utilization of Chitosan for Gene Delivery 223Johnson Olaleye Oladele 8.1 Introduction 224 8.2 Cationic Polymers-Based Gene Delivery Systems 225 8.3 Chitosan and Its Derivatives in Gene Delivery Systems 228 8.4 Chitosan as Chemotherapeutic Drugs 234 8.5 Conclusion 236 9 Nanoparticles as Gene Vectors in Tumor Therapy 247 Efstathia Triantafyllopoulou, Orestis Kontogiannis, Nefeli Lagopati, Natassa Pippa and Maria Gazouli 9.1 Introduction 248 9.2 Polymer-Based Nanocarriers: Their Technology and Recent Advances 249 9.3 Conclusions 271 10 Progress in Non-Viral Delivery of Nucleic Acid: Advancement in Biomedical Technology 281Anil Kumar Mavi, Manmohan Kumar, Amarjeet Singh, Mahendra Kumar Prajapati, Rakhi Khabiya, Saurabh Maru and Dhruv Kumar 10.1 Introduction 282 10.2 Physical Methods of Non-Viral Nucleic Acid Delivery System 285 10.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Physical Transfection 296 10.4 Chemical Methods of Non-Viral Nucleic Acid Delivery System 296 10.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Chemical Transfection 308 10.6 Cellular Barriers for Nucleic Acid Delivery Faced by Non-Viral Vectors 309 10.7 Challenges and Limitations of Non-Viral Nucleic Acid Delivery System 311 10.8 Conclusion 311 11 The Junction of Biomaterials and Gene Therapy -- Current Strategies and Future Directions 323Ranjan Kumar Singh, Sunita Panchawat, Chennu M.M. Prasada Rao, Joohee Pradhan, Rajeswari Tanniru, Deepika Bairagee and Ajay Kumar Garg 11.1 Introduction 324 11.2 Viral Gene Therapy 327 11.3.1 Adenoviral Vectors 329 11.4 Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors 330 11.5 Non-Viral Gene Therapy 331 11.6 Recent Advances in the Development of Gene Delivery Systems 334 11.7 Development of Gene Delivery Systems 335 11.8 Viral Vectors Based on DNA for Gene Delivery Systems 336 11.9 Viral Vectors Based on RNA for Gene Delivery Systems 337 11.10 Oncolytic Viral Vectors for Gene Delivery Systems 337 11.11 Practical Application of Gene Delivery Methods 343 11.12 Conclusion 347 12 Utilization of Silk for Gene Delivery 349Swatantra K. S. Kushwaha, Shruti Khare and Neelottama Kushwaha 12.1 Introduction 350 12.2 Dimensional Structure of Silk 350 12.3 Properties of Silk 351 12.4 Extraction of Fibroin from Silk Worm 352 12.5 Fabrication of Silk in Different Therapeutics Carriers 353 12.6 Utilization of Silk for Gene Therapy 354 12.7 Properties of Silk Fibroin as Biomaterial 355 12.8 Summary of Silk-Based Formulations for Gene Delivery 357 12.9 Examples of Some Delivery Approaches which Utilizes Silk as a Biomaterial for Gene Delivery 358 12.10 Some Highlights of Silk Fibroin 360 12.11 Conclusion 360 13 Challenges and Emerging Problems in Nanomedicine Mediated Gene Therapy 367Shalini Bhatt, Neha Faridi, Rakshit Pathak, Vinay Deep Punetha and Mayank Punetha 13.1 Introduction 368 13.2 Why Nanomedicine Over Traditional Drugs? 369 13.3 Nanomedicine for Gene Therapy 373 13.4 Complications in Nanomedicine-Mediated Gene Therapy 384 13.5 Challenges in the Clinical Translation of Nanomedicines 391 13.6 Conclusion 396 14 Biomaterials-Based Vaccination in Cancer Therapy 417Rishav Sharma, Rishabha Malviya and Sonali Sundram 14.1 Introduction 417 14.2 Tumor-Associated Antigens 418 14.3 Vaccine Delivery 419 14.4 Dendritic Cells 420 14.5 In Vitro Generation of Dendritic Cells 421 14.6 Usage of RNA 422 14.7 RNA-Pulsed DCs as Vaccines 422 14.8 RNA Vaccines 425 14.9 Optimization of Immunotherapy 426 14.10 Cancer Treatment Through RNA Interference 427 14.11 Conclusion 428 References 429 Index 435

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Book SynopsisThe increasing integration between gene manipulation and genomics is embraced in this new book, Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics, which brings together for the first time the subjects covered by the best-selling books Principles of Gene Manipulation and Principles of Genome Analysis & Genomics. Comprehensively revised, updated and rewritten to encompass within one volume, basic and advanced gene manipulation techniques, genome analysis, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics Includes two new chapters on the applications of genomics An accompanying website - www.blackwellpublishing.com/primrose - provides instructional materials for both student and lecturer use, including multiple choice questions, related websites, and all the artwork in a downloadable format. An essential reference for upper level undergraduate and graduate students of genetics, genomics, molecular biology and recombinant DNA technoTrade Review"Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics is well written and clearly illustrated throughout, as would be expected from these authors who have considerable experience in this subject." Genetical ResearchTable of ContentsPreface. 1. Gene Manipulation in the Post-Genomics Era. Part I: Fundamental Techniques of Gene Manipulation:. 2. Basic Techniques. 3. Cutting and Joining DNA Molecules. 4. Basic Biology of Plasmid and Phage Vectors. 5. Cosmids, Phasmids and Other Advanced Vectors. 6. Gene Cloning Strategies. 7. Sequencing Genes and Short Stretches of DNA. 8. Changing Genes: Site-directed Mutagenesis and Protein Engineering. 9. Bioinformatics. Part II: Manipulating DNA in Microbes, Plants and Animals:. 10. Cloning in Bacteria Other Than Escherichia coli. 11. Cloning in Saccharomyces cerevisiaea and Other Fungi. 12. Gene Transfer to Animal Cells. 13. Genetic Manipulation of Animals. 14. Gene Transfer to Plants. 15. Advanced Transgenic Technology. Part III: Genome Analysis, Genomics and Beyond:. 16. The Organization and Structure of Genomes. 17. Mapping and Sequencing Genomes. 18. Comparative Genomics. 19. Large-Scale Mutagenesis and Interference. 20. Analysis of the Transcriptome. 21. Proteomics I – Expression Analysis and Characterization of Proteins. 22. Proteomics II – Analysis of Protein Structures. 23. Proteomics III – Protein Interactions. 24. Metabolomics and Global Biochemical Networks. Part IV: Applications of Gene Manipulation and Genomics:. 25. Applications of Genomics: Understanding the Basis of Polygenic Disorders and Identifying Quantitative Trait Loci. 26. Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology. Index

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Book SynopsisA vision of the future where the latest Silicon Valley tech meets cutting-edge genetics.Decoding the World is a buddy adventure about the quest to live meaningfully in a world with such uncertainty. It starts with Po Bronson coming to IndieBio.Arvind Gupta created IndieBio as a laboratory for early biotech startups trying to solve major world problems. Glaciers melting. Dying bees. Infertility. Cancer. Ocean plastic. Pandemics.As they travel around the world, finding scientists to join their cause, the authors bring their first-hand experience to the great mysteries that haunt our future. Natural resource depletion. Job-taking robots. China''s global influence.Decoding the World is the kind of book you get when you give two guys $40 million, a world full of messy big problems, a genetics laboratory to play in, and a set of Borges'' collected works. After looking through their lens, you''ll never see the world the same.

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Book SynopsisApplied Molecular Biotechnology: The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering explains state-of-the-art advances in the rapidly developing area of molecular biotechnology, the technology of the new millennium. Comprised of chapters authored by leading experts in their respective fields, this authoritative reference text: Highlights the latest omics-based tools and approaches used in modern biotechnology Explains how various molecular biology technologies can be used to develop transgenic plants and how those plants can meet growing food and plant-derived product demands Discusses chloroplast gene expression systems, mitochondrial omics, plant functional genomics, and whole-genome resequencing for crop improvement Explores plantmicrobe and plantinsect interactions affecting plant protection and productivity Covers animal models, pharmacogenomics, human tissue banking, and the molecular diagnosis of diseases such as cervicalTrade Review"... timely and very much needed. … a comprehensive … [book] covering all important aspects of the technology."—From the Foreword by Dr. Kauser Abdulla Malik, HI, SI, TI, Distinguished National Professor, Dean for Postgraduate Studies, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan "This book is certainly a very valuable guide for any safety manager intending to build and maintain an effective safety activity. The focus on human factors is on the most relevant aspects as much as the need to define the most valuable ways to perform a retrospective analysis of occurrences. The implementation of a Safety Management System is the essential instrument on which safety processes and company operations are based. The correct approach to dealing with human factors and in particular to analyzing the contribution pf human errors to incident causation is a crucial pillar, but not the only one, on which the entire foundation of organizational safety is based. This book offers a valuable support in ensuring this is achieved." —Cogn Tech Work, 2016 "... timely and very much needed. … a comprehensive … [book] covering all important aspects of the technology."—From the Foreword by Dr. Kauser Abdulla Malik, HI, SI, TI, Distinguished National Professor, Dean for Postgraduate Studies, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan "This book is certainly a very valuable guide for any safety manager intending to build and maintain an effective safety activity. The focus on human factors is on the most relevant aspects as much as the need to define the most valuable ways to perform a retrospective analysis of occurrences. The implementation of a Safety Management System is the essential instrument on which safety processes and company operations are based. The correct approach to dealing with human factors and in particular to analyzing the contribution pf human errors to incident causation is a crucial pillar, but not the only one, on which the entire foundation of organizational safety is based. This book offers a valuable support in ensuring this is achieved." —Cogn Tech Work, 2016 Table of ContentsEmerging Tools and Approaches to Biotechnology in the Omics Era. Plant Molecular Biology: Tools to Develop Transgenics. Plant Molecular Biotechnology: Applications of Transgenics. The Chloroplast Gene-Expression System. Molecular Biology of Mitochondria: Genome, Transcriptome, and Proteome. Plant Functional Genomics: Approaches and Applications. Whole-Genome Resequencing: Current Status and Future Prospects in Genomics-Assisted Crop Improvement. Molecular Biotechnology of Plant–Microbe–Insect Interactions. Biotechnology for Improved Crop Productivity and Quality. Overview of Methods to Unveil the Epigenetic Code. Animal Models and Biomedical Research. Variations in Our Genome: From Disease to Individualized Cure. Molecular Biotechnology for Diagnostics. Techniques for Cervical Cancer Screening and Diagnosis. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, and Adipose Tissue Biology. Human Tissue Banking and Its Role in Biomedical Research. Microbial Biotechnology. Molecular Biology of Viruses: Disease Perspective. Viral Biotechnology: Production Perspective. Cell-Free Biosystems. Magnetic Nanoparticles with Multifunctional Water-Soluble Polymers for Bioapplications. Industrial Biotechnology: Its Applications in Food and Chemical Industries. Environmental Biotechnology: Approaches for Ecosystem Conservation. Marine Biotechnology: Focus on Anticancer Drugs. Engineering Genomes for Biofuels.

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Book SynopsisGene Delivery: Methods and Applications provides a comprehensive overview on viral and non-viral methods used to genetically engineer human mesenchymal stromal cells. In addition, an update on ongoing and completed clinical studies with engineered mesenchymal stromal cells will be provided, as well as a snapshot of the advances and technical challenges yet to be addressed. Next, a variety of gene delivery systems including physical transfection techniques, virus-based delivery vectors, chemically engineered delivery systems and bio-inspired vehicles are reviewed and their strengths, shortcomings and biomedical applications are discussed. Selfish DNA called transposons capable of cutting out and pasting into the host genome are active throughout the phylogenetic kingdoms. Researchers have repurposed natural transposons for use in delivering a gene-of-interest, enabling for the study of a large and growing list of preclinical gene therapy applications. As such, the authors discuss the past achievements and future challenges of this early-stage technology. The closing chapter introduces cell-penetrating peptides as an efficient tool for DNA transfection. HR9, a designed cell-penetrating peptides, containing nona-arginine flanked by cysteine and penta-histidine displayed a high penetrating ability in mammalian cells.

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Book SynopsisFew avenues of scientific inquiry raise more thorny ethical questions than the cloning of human beings, a radical way to control our DNA. In August 2001, in conjunction with his decision to permit limited federal funding for stem-cell research, President George W. Bush created the President's Council on Bioethics to address the ethical ramifications of biomedical innovation. Over the past year the Council, whose members comprise an All-Star team of leading scientists, doctors, ethicists, lawyers, humanists, and theologians, has discussed and debated the pros and cons of cloning, whether to produce children or to aid in scientific research. This book is its insightful and thought-provoking report. The questions the Council members confronted do not have easy answers, and they did not seek to hide their differences behind an artificial consensus. Rather, the Council decided to allow each side to make its own best case, so that the American people can think about and debate these questions, which go to the heart of what it means to be a human being. Just as the dawn of the atomic age created ethical dilemmas for the United States, cloning presents us with similar quandaries that we are sure to wrestle with for decades to come.

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Book SynopsisThis book has a distinguishing feature of having condensed material with adequate information on genetic engineering especially of the microbes. The book covers almost all the topics of genetic engineering for the graduate, postgraduate students and young research scholars of biological sciences. The book is written as per syllabus of genetic engineering paper for Masters course in biotechnology, biochemistry, life sciences of most of the universities. The book is much useful for the students of Masters degree. Emphasis is given on the basic fundamentals. The book contains twelve chapters starting from '' Isolation, purification and estimation of nucleic acids'' as chapter 1. The chapter describes general techniques for the isolation and purification of DNA as well as RNA. It also describes methods for quantitative estimation of the nucleic acids. The second chapter describes general characteristics of the vectors used in genetic engineering and also the general account of commonly used individual vectors. The chapter also describes expression vectors. The third chapter describes various commonly used restriction endonucleases. The fourth chapter describes commonly used enzymes in genetic engineering viz. Reverse transcriptase, DNA polymerase I, polynucleotide kinase, teminal dcoxynucleotidyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, SI nuclease, DNA ligase etc. The fifth chapter describes electrophoresis for the separation of nucleic acids fragments. The sixth chapter is of cloning strategies. It describes construction of genomic DNA library , chromosomal walking, cDNA library, cDNA cloning. The seventh chapter describes DNA sequencing techniques and includes chemical modification method of Maxam and Gilbert, dideoxy sequencing method of Sanger, modifications of chain terminator sequencing, analysis of the sequencing data. The eighth chapter includes various methods of site directed mutagenesis. The ninth chapter describes polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It also includes primer designing and various types of polymerase chain reactions viz. reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), nested PCR, multiplex PCR etc. Besides, there are chapters 10, 11 and 12 on gene therapy, human genome and proteomics. At the end, glossary has been put which explains main terms used in genetic engineering. One of the important factor introduced in the book is the chapter structure given in the beginning of each chapter that provides, at a glance, the contents of the whole chapter which offers a better learning mechanism. Each chapter is also presented with an introduction that covers the concept of the whole chapter in brief and offers clear understanding of the subject matter to the students. The author on the basis of his experience in teaching genetic engineering at the university level for more than a decade has offered the text in an easily understandable form to the postgraduate students. The book should be of invaluable help to the students, researchers and all those interested in understanding genetic engineering.

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Book SynopsisDeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a chemical found primarily in the nucleus of cells. DNA is a long, spiralling molecule that orchestrates the cell''s daily operations and provides the genetic blueprint for the physical characteristics of all living organisms. It is the molecule that encodes genetic information in the nucleus of cells. It determines the structure, function and behaviour of the cell. DNA is made up of two complementary strands, the strands intertwine like a spiral staircase to form a structure called a double helix. Subunits, called bases, are the rungs of the staircase. The four nucleotides in DNA contain the bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). This volume presents the latest research from around the world.

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Book SynopsismRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and proteins. The information from a particular gene is transferred from a strand of DNA by the construction of a complementary strand of RNA through a process known as transcription. Next three nucleotide segments of RNA, called tRNA (transfer RNA), which are attached to specific amino acids, match up with the template strand of mRNA to order the amino acids correctly. These amino acids are then bonded together to form a protein. This process called translation, occurs in the ribosome, which is composed of proteins and the third kind of RNA, rRNA (ribosomal RNA). This book presents new research in the field.

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Book SynopsisPluripotent cells of the early embryo originate all types of somatic cells and germ cells of adult organism. Pluripotent stems cell lines were derived from mammalian embryos and adult tissues using different techniques and from different sources. Despite different origin, all pluripotent stem cell lines demonstrate considerable similarity of the major biological properties. This book examines the fundamental mechanisms which regulate normal development of pluripotent cells into different lineages and are disrupted in cancer initiating cells. Analysis gene expression profiles, differentiation potentials and cell cycle of normal and mutant pluripotent stem cells provide new data to search molecular targets to eliminate malignant cells in tumours. In this book, the authors also aim to present a global picture of how extracellular signals, intracellular signal transduction pathways and transcriptional networks co-operate together to determine the cell fate of pluripotent stem cells. Practical, ethical and legal considerations that must be addressed before induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can realise their potential in the treatment of degenerative disease is discussed as well. Recent advancements in the cancer stem cell hypothesis are also summarised and the challenges associated with targeting resistant cancers in the context of stem cell microenvironments are presented.

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Book SynopsisInduced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology has paved new ways for disease modelling and drug discovery. Disease modelling with the differentiated neuronal cells from patient-specific iPS cells partially recapitulated the phenotypes of spinal muscular atrophy, familial dysautonomia and Rett syndrome. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of induced stem cells, including the cryopreservation of pluipotent stem cells; tissue engineering approaches using bioactive ceramics towards bone regeneration; induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes as an alternative to human adult hepatocytes; iPS technology for studying neurodegenerative diseases and iPS from cord blood cells.

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Book SynopsisThe recent research into using the CRISPR gene-editing technology to change genetic coding in an organism’s DNA has generated tremendous public interest, but where is this technology going? In this issue of The Reference Shelf we look at gene editing and genetic engineering, drawing from periodicals, medical reports, and politics to see how this debate is progressing within popular culture. Issues investigated will include engineering new organisms, the potential for medical breakthroughs, the ethics of altering the human genome, and the campaign to bring back the dinosaurs.

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Book SynopsisZero to Genetic Engineering Hero is made to provide you with a first glimpse of the inner-workings of a cell. It further focuses on skill-building for genetic engineering and the Biology-as-a-Technology mindset (BAAT). This book is designed and written for hands-on learners who have little knowledge of biology or genetic engineering. This book focuses on the reader mastering the necessary skills of genetic engineering while learning about cells and how they function. The goal of this book is to take you from no prior biology and genetic engineering knowledge toward a basic understanding of how a cell functions, and how they are engineered, all while building the skills needed to do so.

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Book SynopsisThis new volume, Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology: Fundamentals, Advances, and Practices for a Greener Future, looks at the application of a variety of technologies, both fundamental and advanced, that are being used for crop improvement, metabolic engineering, and the development of transgenic plants. The science of agriculture is among the oldest and most intensely studied by mankind. Human intervention has led to manipulation of plant gene structure for the use of plants for the production of bioenergy, food, textiles, among other industrial uses. A sound knowledge of enzymology as well as the various biosynthetic pathways is required to further utilize microbes as sources to provide the desired products for industrial utility. This volume provides an overview of all these aspects along with an updated review of the major plant biotechnology procedures and techniques, their impact on novel agricultural development, and crop plant improvement. Also discussed are the use of "white biotechnology" and "metabolic engineering" as prerequisites for a sustainable development. The importance of patenting of plant products, world food safety, and the role of several imminent organizations is also discussed. The volume provides an holistic view that makes it a valuable source of information for researchers of agriculture and biotechnology as well as agricultural engineers, environmental biologists, environmental engineers, and environmentalists. Short exercises at the end of the chapters help to make the book suitable for course work in agriculture biotechnology, genetics, biology, biotechnology, and plant science.Table of ContentsEnzymes. Immobilization Biocatalysis. Enzymes in Non-Conventional Media. Metabolic Engineering. Use of Enzymes in Industry. White Biotechnology. Agricultural Biotechnology. and History. Plant Breeding and Seed Technology. Plant Tissue Culture. Plant Nutrition and Phytohormones. Transgenic Plants. Global Food Safety.

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Book SynopsisEfforts to improve food security in the developing world have been hampered due to myths surrounding GM agriculture. This book explores the theory, evidence and rhetoric of the impact of food production on the environment, and the impact of the environment on food production. The chapters address: food security and technology; expertise and opportunism; the promise of technology; the politicization of risk; industrial agriculture; the meaning of 'natural'; the potential of the local food movement; food labelling; genetic diversity in the agro-industrial era; sustainability and chemical application; plant vitality; and future prospects for food security. Each chapter includes a personal introduction from the authors about the issues at hand, followed by a detailed analysis with further references. The book considers the origins of concerns and then examines the evidence around the issues, and the impacts in terms of policy, regulation and agricultural practice. It also: - Refutes common consumer and environmental organization myths about biotechnology. - Highlights the importance of food security in both the developing and developed world. - Provides a pro-science approach to increasing food security. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in biotechnology, food security and public understanding of science, and also to policy makers, regulators and industry managers.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Food Security and Technology: Fear Trumps Hope Chapter 2: Expertise and Opportunism: Who Should We Listen To? Chapter 3: The Technology Promise: How Can We Feed a World of More Than 9 Billion? Chapter 4: The Politicization of Risk: Is It Safe? Chapter 5: Industrial Agriculture: Who Is the Real Winner? Chapter 6: The Nature of Natural: Whose Preferences Should Dominate? Chapter 7: The Local Food Movement: Can We Be Self-Sufficient? Chapter 8: Food Labelling: What Do People Want? Chapter 9: Genetic Diversity in the Agro-Industrial Era: What Is at Risk? Chapter 10: The Sustainability Challenge: Are We Facing a Chemical Armageddon? Chapter 11: Plant Vitality: Will ‘Superweeds’ Strangle Our Future? Chapter 12: The Future of Food Security: Where to From Here?

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Book SynopsisEfforts to improve food security in the developing world have been hampered due to myths surrounding GM agriculture. This book explores the theory, evidence and rhetoric of the impact of food production on the environment, and the impact of the environment on food production. The chapters address: food security and technology; expertise and opportunism; the promise of technology; the politicization of risk; industrial agriculture; the meaning of 'natural'; the potential of the local food movement; food labelling; genetic diversity in the agro-industrial era; sustainability and chemical application; plant vitality; and future prospects for food security. Each chapter includes a personal introduction from the authors about the issues at hand, followed by a detailed analysis with further references. The book considers the origins of concerns and then examines the evidence around the issues, and the impacts in terms of policy, regulation and agricultural practice. It also: - Refutes common consumer and environmental organization myths about biotechnology. - Highlights the importance of food security in both the developing and developed world. - Provides a pro-science approach to increasing food security. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in biotechnology, food security and public understanding of science, and also to policy makers, regulators and industry managers.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Food Security and Technology: Fear Trumps Hope Chapter 2: Expertise and Opportunism: Who Should We Listen To? Chapter 3: The Technology Promise: How Can We Feed a World of More Than 9 Billion? Chapter 4: The Politicization of Risk: Is It Safe? Chapter 5: Industrial Agriculture: Who Is the Real Winner? Chapter 6: The Nature of Natural: Whose Preferences Should Dominate? Chapter 7: The Local Food Movement: Can We Be Self-Sufficient? Chapter 8: Food Labelling: What Do People Want? Chapter 9: Genetic Diversity in the Agro-Industrial Era: What Is at Risk? Chapter 10: The Sustainability Challenge: Are We Facing a Chemical Armageddon? Chapter 11: Plant Vitality: Will ‘Superweeds’ Strangle Our Future? Chapter 12: The Future of Food Security: Where to From Here?

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Book SynopsisSo long as you have food in your mouth, you have solved all questions for the time being. So begins Good Enough to Eat?, which challenges Kafka’s culinary sentiments and proceeds to unravel our complex and deeply personal relationship with food. Including interviews from both sides of the (farmyard) fence; from biologists to farmers and nutritionists to activists, Good Enough to Eat? charts the history of GM foods from the laboratory to the global dinner plate. Equally informative and entertaining, Godwin chronicles the social, political and philosophical arguments for and against GM crops, and the science and knowledge behind the battle for global food security and sustainability.Trade ReviewIan Godwin has done that rare thing - written a book about science which is informal but informed, readable but authoritative, and sparkling with wit. I highly recommend it for anyone interested in the GM foods and crops issue. -- Mark Lynas, Journalist and author of Seeds of Science: Why We Got It So Wrong on GMOsGodwin’s book presents an authoritative account of the history of GM crops going back to their beginnings, including the science behind the technology and the first products that came to market. A wonderful story is woven of science, discovery and anecdote, with Australian directness and humour. Godwin explains and entertains. Information is drawn from many quarters from biologists, farmers, nutritionists and activists and from Godwin’s direct experiences over 30 years. . -- Dr Matthew Paul, Rothamsted Research UK * The Journal of the Institute of Food Science & Technology *This book is easy reading and highly commendable, providing very useful information in a simple style; 'greenish' people should read it! -- Jose I. Cubero; The Journal of Agricultural ScienceTable of ContentsFood, Glorious Food; A Kind of Magic; Revolution; Chemical Heart; Wide Open Spaces; Bad Moon Rising; Paint It Black; Not Ready to Make Nice; O Fortuna!; New Kid in Town; For a Better Day

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