Energy Books

Book SynopsisThe enlightening, best-selling book on understanding sustainable energy and how we can make energy plans that add up.If you''ve ever wondered how much energy we use, and where it comes from and where it could come from but are fed up with all the hot air and ''greenwash'', this is the book for you. Renewable resources are ''huge'', but our energy consumption is also ''huge''. To compare ''huge'' things with each other, we need numbers, not adjectives.Sustainable Energy without the hot air addresses the energy crisis objectively, cutting through all the contradictory statements from the media, government, and lobbies of all sides. It gives you the numbers and the facts you need, in bite-sized chunks, so you can understand the issues yourself and organises a plan for change on both a personal level and an international scale for Europe, the United States, and the world. In case study format, this informative book also answers questions surroundTrade Review"For anyone with influence on energy policy, whether in government, business or a campaign group, this book should be compulsory reading." -- Tony Juniper (Former Executive Director, Friends of the Earth)"At last a book that comprehensively reveals the true facts about sustainable energy in a form that is both highly readable and entertaining." -- Robert Sansom (EDF Energy)"MacKay brings a welcome dose of common sense into the discussion of energy sources and use. Fresh air replacing hot air." -- Prof Mike Ashby Royal Society Research Professor, Principal Investigator, Engineering Design Centre, Cambridge"This year's must-read book about tackling our future energy needs." -- The Guardian"... may be the best technical book about the environment that I've ever read. This is to energy and climate what Freakonomics is to economics." -- Cory Doctorow * Boing Boing *"The book is a tour de force ... As a work of popular science it is exemplary ... For anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the real problems involved [it] is the place to start." * The Economist *"The first factual meme on renewable energy? A book about climate change that gets rave reviews from folk at oil companies, environmental groups and the Number One Blog of All Time has to be worth a peek." -- energysource blog * The Financial Times *Table of ContentsI Numbers, not adjectives 1 Motivations 2 The balance sheet 3 Cars 4 Wind 5 Planes 6 Solar 7 Heating and cooling 8 Hydroelectricity 9 Light 10 Offshore wind 11 Gadgets 12 Wave 13 Food and farming 14 Tide 15 Stuff 16 Geothermal . 17 Public services 18 Can we live on renewables? II Making a difference 19 Every BIG helps 20 Better transport 21 Smarter heating 22 Efficient electricity use 23 Sustainable fossil fuels? 24 Nuclear? 25 Living on other countries’ renewables? 26 Fluctuations and storage 27 Five energy plans for Britain 28 Putting costs in perspective 29 What to do now . 30 Energy plans for Europe, America, and the World 31 The last thing we should talk about 32 Saying yes Acknowledgments III Technical chapters A Cars II B Wind II C Planes II D Solar II E Heating II F Waves II G Tide II H Stuff II IV Useful data I Quick reference J Populations and areas K UK energy history List of web links Bibliography Index About the author

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Book SynopsisA greener world won't come for freeTrade Review'A remarkably hopeful and useful book...The climate crisis leaves us no choice but to build a new world and as Sanderson makes clear, we are capable of making it a better one than the dirty and dangerous planet we’ve come to take for granted.' -- Bill McKibben, Observer book of the week‘Sanderson deftly guides us through the convolutions of which company bought what from which, and he livens up that potentially desiccated subject matter with an eye for characterful detail… Despite the seemingly insuperable geopolitical quandaries with which it deals, the tone of Sanderson’s book is one of cautious optimism.’ -- The Times‘As we glide along serenely in our electric vehicle, recharging it with clean solar power and perhaps feeling a little smug, we prefer not to be reminded of the vast industries that got us there, industries that gouge out the landscape, exploit workers, spew carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and engage in ruthless geopolitical power plays. Along the way, as Henry Sanderson shows in his essential book, we have become dangerously dependent on China which now dominates global battery supply. Under President Xi Jinping, who uses economic blackmail to extract political concessions, China has got a lock on the future. All this can change and Volt Rush shows us how.’ -- Clive Hamilton, author of Hidden Hand'A fascinating study' * The Times *‘A potent reminder to green power advocates that a world running on batteries and sunshine may not fight over oil, but it won’t necessarily be free of conflict’ * Financial Times *‘It’s a vital contribution to the emerging literature that’s pulling back the curtain on energy realities.’ -- Wall Street Journal‘The urgency of a green transition means the world faces new power struggles over access to scarce metals and minerals. Sanderson carefully walks us through the minefields that are the world's finite supplies of lithium, cobalt and nickel and reveals with startling immediacy the Machiavellian machinations for control over these precious resources. A riveting guide to our perilous future.’ -- Ann Pettifor, author of The Case for the Green New Deal'An excellent book…provides much food for thought' -- Literary Review‘Takes us on a carefully considered and well explained journey to show that [the switch to electric vehicles] may not be as simple a transition as we hoped for… Sanderson does a good job of getting the reader up to speed in terms of what goes into an electric battery, and why we need to be cognisant of the environmental impacts… very informative and well written in terms of the potentially toxic brew required to power EVs… a relevant and vital book.’ -- Irish Tech News‘From China to Congo to Chile to the U.S., Sanderson lucidly reveals the global connections behind the complex processes of battery production and mining… Any reader interested in environmental studies, green politics, the global energy sector, or the mining industry will appreciate Sanderson's deep dive into the transition from fossil fuels to green and clean energy, and how this transition will affect society now and in the near future.’ -- Booklist'Sanderson’s smooth, limpid storytelling brightens the deadening business of commodities trading: attention to the bizarre, often unpleasant characters populating the industry gives his narrative a personable shine.' -- Red Pepper'Volt Rush makes a great contribution in understanding what a green future entails—and what costs it might involve right now.’ -- Foreign Policy‘This is a terrific book. Henry Sanderson brings alive one of the most fateful questions of our time: who will control the resources that power a post-carbon world? What makes the book so compelling is the cast of colourful characters he meets and the insightful judgements he makes.’ -- James Kynge, FT China editor‘A must-read book, well written and investigated, on one of the most important ecological challenges we’ll face in the next decades.’ -- Guillaume Pitron, author of The Rare Metals War

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Book SynopsisIn the twentieth century, wealth and power was dictated by access to oil. This century will have different kingmakers, perhaps different wars.''A remarkably hopeful and useful book...The climate crisis leaves us no choice but to build a new world and as Sanderson makes clear, we are capable of making it a better one than the dirty and dangerous planet we’ve come to take for granted.'' Bill McKibben, Observer book of the week We depend on a handful of metals and rare earths to power our phones and computers. Increasingly, we rely on them to power our cars and our homes. Whoever controls these finite commodities will become rich beyond imagining. Sanderson journeys to meet the characters, companies, and nations scrambling for the new resources, linking remote mines in the Congo and Chile’s Atacama Desert to giant Chinese battery factories, shadowy commodity traders, secretive billionaires, a new generation of scientists attempting Trade Review'A remarkably hopeful and useful book...The climate crisis leaves us no choice but to build a new world and as Sanderson makes clear, we are capable of making it a better one than the dirty and dangerous planet we’ve come to take for granted.' -- Bill McKibben, Observer book of the week‘Sanderson deftly guides us through the convolutions of which company bought what from which, and he livens up that potentially desiccated subject matter with an eye for characterful detail… Despite the seemingly insuperable geopolitical quandaries with which it deals, the tone of Sanderson’s book is one of cautious optimism.’ -- The Times‘As we glide along serenely in our electric vehicle, recharging it with clean solar power and perhaps feeling a little smug, we prefer not to be reminded of the vast industries that got us there, industries that gouge out the landscape, exploit workers, spew carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and engage in ruthless geopolitical power plays. Along the way, as Henry Sanderson shows in his essential book, we have become dangerously dependent on China which now dominates global battery supply. Under President Xi Jinping, who uses economic blackmail to extract political concessions, China has got a lock on the future. All this can change and Volt Rush shows us how.’ -- Clive Hamilton, author of Hidden Hand'A fascinating study' * The Times *‘A potent reminder to green power advocates that a world running on batteries and sunshine may not fight over oil, but it won’t necessarily be free of conflict’ * Financial Times *‘It’s a vital contribution to the emerging literature that’s pulling back the curtain on energy realities.’ -- Wall Street Journal‘The urgency of a green transition means the world faces new power struggles over access to scarce metals and minerals. Sanderson carefully walks us through the minefields that are the world's finite supplies of lithium, cobalt and nickel and reveals with startling immediacy the Machiavellian machinations for control over these precious resources. A riveting guide to our perilous future.’ -- Ann Pettifor, author of The Case for the Green New Deal'An excellent book…provides much food for thought' -- Literary Review‘Takes us on a carefully considered and well explained journey to show that [the switch to electric vehicles] may not be as simple a transition as we hoped for… Sanderson does a good job of getting the reader up to speed in terms of what goes into an electric battery, and why we need to be cognisant of the environmental impacts… very informative and well written in terms of the potentially toxic brew required to power EVs… a relevant and vital book.’ -- Irish Tech News‘From China to Congo to Chile to the U.S., Sanderson lucidly reveals the global connections behind the complex processes of battery production and mining… Any reader interested in environmental studies, green politics, the global energy sector, or the mining industry will appreciate Sanderson's deep dive into the transition from fossil fuels to green and clean energy, and how this transition will affect society now and in the near future.’ -- Booklist'Sanderson’s smooth, limpid storytelling brightens the deadening business of commodities trading: attention to the bizarre, often unpleasant characters populating the industry gives his narrative a personable shine.' -- Red Pepper'Volt Rush makes a great contribution in understanding what a green future entails—and what costs it might involve right now.’ -- Foreign Policy‘This is a terrific book. Henry Sanderson brings alive one of the most fateful questions of our time: who will control the resources that power a post-carbon world? What makes the book so compelling is the cast of colourful characters he meets and the insightful judgements he makes.’ -- James Kynge, FT China editor‘A must-read book, well written and investigated, on one of the most important ecological challenges we’ll face in the next decades.’ -- Guillaume Pitron, author of The Rare Metals War

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Book Synopsis'A quite delightful book on the joys, and universality, of physics. Czerski's enthusiasm is infectious because she brings our humdrum everyday world to life, showing us that it is just as fascinating as anything that can be seen by the Hubble Telescope or created at the Large Hadron Collider.' - Jim Al-KhaliliOur world is full of patterns. If you pour milk into your tea and give it a stir, you'll see a swirl, a spiral of two fluids, before the two liquids mix completely. The same pattern is found elsewhere too. Look down on the Earth from space, and you'll find similar swirls in the clouds, made where warm air and cold air waltz. In Storm in a Teacup, Helen Czerski links the little things we see every day with the big world we live in. Each chapter begins with something small - popcorn, coffee stains and refrigerator magnets - and uses it to explain some of the most important science and technology of our time. This is physics as the toolbox of science - a toolbox we need in order to make sense of what is around us and arrive at decisions about the future, from medical advances to solving our future energy needs. It is also physics as the toy box of science: physics as fun, as never before.Trade ReviewIf you've ever felt like understanding how things work is just too big a mountain to climb then read this book. It'll carry you gently to the peak and show you how stunning and beautiful the view is. It is rare that someone can explain that which seems endlessly complex and makes you feel like in fact you'd understood it all along. Helen Czerski's book does just that.Fun, fascinating and brilliantly well written - 'Right there, in my teacup, I can see the storm.' Me too and I know what it is now. * Marcus Brigstocke *This book is charming, accessible and enthusiastic. Helen invites you in to see the world through a her eyes and understand how a physicist thinks. It's a wonderful way to discover the hidden scientific connections behind the ordinary and everyday. * Dr Hannah Fry *Helen Czerski's absorbing Storm in a Teacup stands head and shoulders above other popular science books. The little fascinations we left behind in childhood are but her jumping-off points for the really, really big picture ... Hers if the kind of self-assured, endearing nerdishness that doesn't wait to see if you're on board: she pulls you along, anticipating your head-scratching at every fluorescing scorpion and swirling drop of milk in your teacup. * The Irish Times *In a friendly, chatty style that includes anecdotes from her personal and professional life, Czerski manages to make spilled coffee fascinating; tree growth astonishing; telecommunications intuitive. * Physics World *[Helen Czerski] has a formidable knack for explaining mind-bending concepts in easy-to-understand language ... the book to read this week. * Science Focus *Helen Czerski has a remarkable knack for finding scientific wonders under every rock, alongside every raindrop, and inside every grain of sand.The written equivalent of a spectrum beaming out from a prism. Thanks to Helen’s brilliantly engaging book you’ll never consider anything to be mundane or ordinary again. * Jon Culshaw *

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Book SynopsisThe Physics of Energy provides a comprehensive and systematic introduction to the scientific principles governing energy sources, uses, and systems. This definitive textbook traces the flow of energy from sources such as solar power, nuclear power, wind power, water power, and fossil fuels through its transformation in devices such as heat engines and electrical generators, to its uses including transportation, heating, cooling, and other applications. The flow of energy through the Earth''s atmosphere and oceans, and systems issues including storage, electric grids, and efficiency and conservation are presented in a scientific context along with topics such as radiation from nuclear power and climate change from the use of fossil fuels. Students, scientists, engineers, energy industry professionals, and concerned citizens with some mathematical and scientific background who wish to understand energy systems and issues quantitatively will find this textbook of great interest.Trade Review'This magnificent book provides an astonishingly comprehensive, yet deep and accurate, coverage of the physics of energy. It also introduces much of the engineering, and some of the chemistry and biology. As well as being a superb text for those who are new to the subject, it will be an invaluable reference for experienced researchers seeking to refresh, deepen or broaden their knowledge and understanding.' Sir Chris Llewellyn Smith FRS, Director of Energy Research, Oxford University and Director General of CERN 1994–98'Jaffe and Taylor have produced a masterpiece that lays out the scientific foundations of energy sources, uses and systems - from fossil fuels to geothermal, engines to wind turbines, electric grid to climate change. I can only wish that The Physics of Energy had been available twenty years earlier when I first had responsibility for the US Department of Energy science and energy programs without the benefit of this extraordinary resource!' Ernest J. Moniz, formerly the 13th United States Secretary of Energy and Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics and Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology'If your task was to jump-start civilization, but had access to only one book, then The Physics of Energy would be your choice. Professors Taylor and Jaffe have written a comprehensive, thorough, and relevant treatise. It's an energizing read as a stand-alone book, but it should also be a course, offered at every college, lest we mismanage our collective role as shepherds of our energy-hungry, energy-dependent civilization.' Neil deGrasse Tyson, Frederick P. Rose Director of the Hayden Planetarium at the American Museum of Natural History'I have long wished for a single textbook that could explain energy conversion as it occurs in nature and is utilized in our industrial and digital world in a comprehensive, accurate, and engaging way. The Physics of Energy is that book. It covers its subject matter with depth, breadth, care for precision, and clarity.' Julia Mikhailova, Physics TodayTable of ContentsPart I. Basic Energy Physics and Uses: 1. Introduction; 2. Mechanical energy; 3. Electromagnetic energy; 4. Waves and light; 5. Thermodynamics I: heat and thermal energy; 6. Heat transfer; 7. Introduction to quantum physics; 8. Thermodynamics II: entropy and temperature; 9. Energy in matter; 10. Thermal energy conversion; 11. Internal combustion engines; 12. Phase-change energy conversion; 13. Thermal power and heat extraction cycles; Part II. Energy Sources: 14. The forces of nature; 15. Quantum phenomena in energy systems; 16. An overview of nuclear power; 17. Structure, properties and decays of nuclei; 18. Nuclear energy processes: fission and fusion; 19. Nuclear fission reactors and nuclear fusion experiments; 20. Ionizing radiation; 21. Energy in the universe; 22. Solar energy: solar production and radiation; 23. Solar energy: solar radiation on Earth; 24. Solar thermal energy; 25. Photovoltaic solar cells; 26. Biological energy; 27. Ocean energy flow; 28. Wind: a highly variable resource; 29. Fluids – the basics; 30. Wind turbines; 31. Energy from moving water: hydro, wave, tidal, and marine current power; 32. Geothermal energy; 33. Fossil fuels; Part III. Energy System Issues and Externalities: 34. Energy and climate; 35. Earth's climate: past, present, and future; 36. Energy efficiency, conservation, and changing energy sources; 37. Energy storage; 38. Electricity generation and transmission.

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Book SynopsisThe first systematic, quantitative appraisal of power density, offering detailed reviews of power densities of renewable energy flows, fossil fuels, and all common energy uses.“There's no author whose books I look forward to more than Vaclav Smil.”—Bill GatesIn this book, Vaclav Smil argues that power density is a key determinant of the nature and dynamics of energy systems. Any understanding of complex energy systems must rely on quantitative measures of many fundamental variables. Power density—the rate of energy flux per unit of area—is an important but largely overlooked measure. Smil provides the first systematic, quantitative appraisal of power density, offering detailed reviews of the power densities of renewable energy flows, fossil fuels, thermal electricity generation, and all common energy uses.Smil shows that careful quantification, critical appraisals, and revealing comparisons of power densities make possibl

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Book SynopsisHeat and Cold Storage 2 focuses on thermochemical sorption storage processes that is, absorption, adsorption and chemical sorption. This book first analyzes the principles of sorption and defines the criteria for selecting the materials to be used, before presenting the three sorption storage technologies. It details the functioning of the absorption cycle in order to highlight the future challenges of this method. Next, the book examines storage by physical adsorption. Then, it presents the fundamentals of this phenomenon and a description of solid-gas adsorption cycles and systems, followed by a number of examples of prototype installations. Finally, the book describes the phenomenon of heat storage by chemical sorption from the scale of the reactive material to the scale of the process, before putting the state of the art of possible improvements into perspective and illustrating various applications.

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Book SynopsisThe Updated Third Edition Provides a Systems Approach to Sustainable Green Energy Production and Contains Analytical Tools for the Design of Renewable Microgrids The revised third edition ofDesign of Smart Power Grid Renewable Energy Systemsintegrates three areas of electrical engineering: power systems, power electronics, and electric energy conversion systems. The book also addresses the fundamental design of wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy microgrids as part of smart-bulk power-grid systems. In order to demystify the complexity of the integrated approach, the author first presents the basic concepts, and then explores a simulation test bed in MATLAB in order to use these concepts to solve a basic problem in the development of smart grid energy system. Each chapter offers a problem of integration and describes why it is important. Then the mathematical model of the problem is formulated, and the solution steps are outlined. This step is followed by deTable of ContentsPreface xiii Acknowledgments xvi About the Companion Website xvii 1 Energy and Civilization 1 1.1 Introduction: Motivation 1 1.2 Fossil Fuel 2 1.3 Energy Use and Industrialization 2 1.4 Nuclear Energy 4 1.5 Global Warming 5 1.6 The Age of the Electric Power Grid 9 1.7 Green and Renewable Energy Sources 10 1.8 Hydrogen 11 1.9 Solar and Photovoltaic 11 1.9.1 Wind Power 12 1.9.2 Geothermal 13 1.10 Biomass 13 1.11 Ethanol 13 1.12 Energy Units and Conversions 13 1.13 Estimating the Cost of Energy 17 1.14 New Oil Boom–Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking) 20 1.15 Estimation of Future CO2 21 1.16 The Paris Agreement | UNFCCC 22 1.17 Energy Utilization and Economic Growth 23 1.18 Conclusion 23 Problems 24 Further Reading 26 2 Power Grids 28 2.1 Introduction 28 2.2 Electric Power Grids 29 2.2.1 Background 29 2.2.2 The Construction of a Power Grid System 29 2.3 Basic Concepts of Power Grids 33 2.3.1 Common Terms 33 2.3.2 Calculating Power Consumption 33 2.4 Load Models 49 2.5 Transformers in Electric Power Grids 53 2.5.1 A Short History of Transformers 54 2.5.2 Transmission Voltage 54 2.5.3 Transformers 55 2.6 Modeling a Microgrid System 59 2.6.1 The Per Unit System 60 2.7 Modeling Three-Phase Transformers 69 2.8 Tap-Changing Transformers 72 2.9 Modeling Transmission Lines 74 Problems 87 References 92 3 Modeling of Converters in Power Grid Distributed Generation Systems 93 3.1 Introduction 93 3.2 Single-Phase DC/AC Inverters with Two Switches 94 3.3 Single-Phase DC/AC Inverters with a Four-Switch Bipolar Switching Method 106 3.3.1 Pulse Width Modulation with Unipolar Voltage Switching for a Single-Phase Full-Bridge Inverter 110 3.4 Three-Phase DC/AC Inverters 113 3.5 Pulse Width Modulation Methods 114 3.5.1 The Triangular Method 114 3.5.2 The Identity Method 119 3.6 Analysis of DC/AC Three-Phase Inverters 120 3.7 Microgrid of Renewable Energy Systems 130 3.8 DC/DC Converters in Green Energy Systems 133 3.8.1 The Step-Up Converter 134 3.8.2 The Step-Down Converter 144 3.8.3 The Buck–Boost Converter 151 3.9 Rectifiers 156 3.10 Pulse Width Modulation Rectifiers 160 3.11 A Three-Phase Voltage Source Rectifier Utilizing Sinusoidal PWM Switching 163 3.12 The Sizing of an Inverter for Microgrid Operation 167 3.13 The Sizing of a Rectifier for Microgrid Operation 169 3.14 The Sizing of DC/DC Converters for Microgrid Operation 170 Problems 171 References 176 4 Smart Power Grid Systems 177 4.1 Introduction 177 4.2 Power Grid Operation 178 4.3 Vertically and Market-Structured Power Grid 184 4.4 The Operations Control of a Power Grid 187 4.5 Load Frequency Control 187 4.6 Automatic Generation Control 193 4.7 Operating Reserve Calculation 198 4.8 Basic Concepts of a Smart Power Grid 199 4.9 The Load Factor 206 4.10 The Load Factor and Real-Time Pricing 209 4.11 A Cyber-Controlled Smart Grid 212 4.12 Smart Grid Development 214 4.13 Smart Microgrid Renewable and Green Energy Systems 216 4.14 A Power Grid Steam Generator 223 4.15 Power Grid Modeling 234 Problems 240 References 245 5 Solar Energy Systems 247 5.1 Introduction 247 5.2 The Solar Energy Conversion Process: Thermal Power Plants 251 5.3 Photovoltaic Power Conversion 253 5.4 Photovoltaic Materials 253 5.5 Photovoltaic Characteristics 255 5.6 Photovoltaic Efficiency 258 5.7 The Design of Photovoltaic Systems 262 5.8 The Modeling of a Photovoltaic Module 277 5.9 The Measurement of Photovoltaic Performance 278 5.10 The Maximum Power Point of a Photovoltaic Array 278 5.11 A Battery Storage System 292 5.12 A Storage System Based on a Single-Cell Battery 294 5.13 The Energy Yield of a Photovoltaic Module and the Angle of Incidence 317 5.14 The State of Photovoltaic Generation Technology 318 Problems 318 References 326 6 Microgrid Wind Energy Systems 328 6.1 Introduction 328 6.2 Wind Power 329 6.3 Wind Turbine Generators 331 6.4 The Modeling of Induction Machines 334 6.4.1 Calculation of Slip 343 6.4.2 The Equivalent Circuit of an Induction Machine 343 6.5 Power Flow Analysis of an Induction Machine 346 6.6 The Operation of an Induction Generator 351 6.7 Dynamic Performance 366 6.8 The Doubly Fed Induction Generator 372 6.9 Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Generator Systems 375 6.10 Variable-Speed Permanent Magnet Generators 376 6.11 A Variable-Speed Synchronous Generator 377 6.12 A Variable-Speed Generator with a Converter Isolated from the Grid 378 Problems 380 References 384 7 Load Flow Analysis of Power Grids and Microgrids 386 7.1 Introduction 386 7.2 Voltage Calculation in Power Grid Analysis 387 7.3 The Power Flow Problem 391 7.4 Load Flow Study as a Power System Engineering Tool 392 7.5 Bus Types 392 7.6 General Formulation of the Power Flow Problem 397 7.7 Algorithm for Calculation of Bus Admittance Model 400 7.7.1 The History of Algebra, Algorithm, and Number Systems 400 7.7.2 Bus Admittance Algorithm 402 7.8 The Bus Impedance Algorithm 403 7.9 Formulation of the Load Flow Problem 404 7.10 The Gauss–Seidel YBUS Algorithm 407 7.11 The Gauss–Seidel ZBUS Algorithm 412 7.12 Comparison of the YBUS and ZBUS Power Flow Solution Methods 419 7.13 The Synchronous and Asynchronous Operation of Microgrids 420 7.14 An Advanced Power Flow Solution Method: The Newton–Raphson Algorithm 422 7.14.1 The Newton–Raphson Algorithm 425 7.15 General Formulation of the Newton–Raphson Algorithm 430 7.16 The Decoupled Newton–Raphson Algorithm 434 7.17 The Fast Decoupled Load Flow Algorithm 435 7.18 Analysis of a Power Flow Problem 436 Problems 448 References 461 8 Power Grid and Microgrid Fault Studies 462 8.1 Introduction 462 8.2 Power Grid Fault Current Calculation 464 8.3 Symmetrical Components 468 8.4 Sequence Networks for Power Generators 473 8.5 The Modeling of Wind and PV Generating Stations 476 8.6 Sequence Networks for Balanced Three-Phase Transmission Lines 477 8.7 Ground Current Flow in Balanced Three-Phase Transformers 479 8.8 Zero Sequence Network 481 8.8.1 Transformers 481 8.8.2 Load Connections 482 8.8.3 Power Grid 484 8.9 Fault Studies 487 8.9.1 Balanced Three-Phase Fault Analysis 490 8.9.2 Unbalanced Faults 508 8.9.3 Single-Line-to-Ground Faults 508 8.9.4 Double-Line-to-Ground Faults 511 8.9.5 Line-to-Line Faults 513 Problems 527 References 533 9 Smart Devices and Energy Efficiency Monitoring Systems 534 9.1 Introduction 534 9.2 Kilowatt-Hour Measurements 535 9.3 Current and Voltage Measurements 536 9.4 Power Measurements at 60 or 50HZ 537 9.5 Analog-to-Digital Conversions 538 9.6 Root Mean Square (RMS) Measurement Devices 538 9.7 Energy Monitoring Systems 539 9.8 Smart Meters 539 9.9 Power Monitoring and Scheduling 540 9.10 Communication Systems 541 9.11 Network Security and Software 543 9.12 Smartphone Applications 546 9.13 Summary 546 Problems 547 Further Reading 548 10 Load Estimation and Classification 549 10.1 Introduction 549 10.2 Load Estimation of a Residential Load 549 10.3 Service Feeder and Metering 557 10.3.1 Assumed Wattages 557 Problems 560 References 562 11 Energy Saving and Cost Estimation of Incandescent and Light-Emitting Diodes 563 11.1 Building Lighting with Incandescent Bulbs 563 11.2 Comparative Performance of LED, Incandescent, and LFC Lighting 564 11.3 Building Load Estimation 566 11.4 Led Energy Saving 569 11.5 Return on Investment on LED Lighting 571 11.6 Annual Carbon Emissions 572 Problems 572 References 572 Appendix A Complex Numbers 573 Appendix B Transmission Line and Distribution Typical Data 576 Appendix C Energy Yield of Photovoltaic Panels and Angle of Incidence 581 Appendix D Wind Power 594 Index 599

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Book SynopsisA revised and updated text that explores the fundamentals of the physics of electric power handling systems The revised and updated second edition of Electric Power Principles: Sources, Conversion, Distribution and Use offers an innovative and comprehensive approach to the fundamentals of electric power. The author a noted expert on the topic provides a thorough grounding in electric power systems, with an informative discussion on per-unit normalisations, symmetrical components and iterative load flow calculations. The text covers the most important topics within the power system, such as protection and DC transmission, and examines both traditional power plants and those used for extracting sustainable energy from wind and sunlight. The text explores the principles of electromechanical energy conversion and magnetic circuits and synchronous machines the most important generators of electric power. The book also contains information on power electroniTrade ReviewIt is a must-read book for everyone who feels interested in area of electric power system. This book covers almost every essential item that falls in this area. By reading this book, you can expect to explore all the key components in electric power system, such as energy source, transmission line, protection mechanism, load flow, electric machine, etc. All the key concepts are discussed from fundamental physics and elaborated steps by steps. Real world examples with pictures are given in the right place to visualize the discussed items. Problem sets are included in each chapter to strengthen the learnt concepts. I am quite sure everyone from all levels can follow and understand all the contents without much difficulty. In this second edition, a new chapter on energy storage and some other updated information are added. As a teacher and researcher in power engineering, I would say this book must be one of the best books in this area. Christopher H. T. Lee, Assistant Professor, Nanyang Technological University, SingaporeTable of ContentsPreface xv About the Companion Website xvii 1 Electric Power Systems 1 1.1 Electric Utility Systems 2 1.2 Energy and Power 3 1.2.1 Basics and Units 3 1.3 Sources of Electric Power 5 1.3.1 Heat Engines 5 1.3.2 Power Plants 6 1.3.2.1 Environmental Impact of Burning Fossil Fuels 7 1.3.3 Nuclear Power Plants 8 1.3.4 Hydroelectric Power 9 1.3.5 Wind Turbines 10 1.3.6 Solar Power Generation 12 1.4 Electric Power Plants and Generation 14 1.5 Problems 15 2 AC Voltage, Current, and Power 17 2.1 Sources and Power 17 2.1.1 Voltage and Current Sources 17 2.1.2 Power 18 2.1.3 Sinusoidal Steady State 18 2.1.4 Phasor Notation 19 2.1.5 Real and Reactive Power 19 2.1.5.1 Root Mean Square (RMS) Amplitude 20 2.2 Resistors, Inductors, and Capacitors 20 2.2.1 Reactive Power and Voltage 22 2.2.1.1 Example 22 2.2.2 Reactive Power Voltage Support 22 2.3 Voltage Stability and Bifurcation 23 2.3.1 Voltage Calculation 24 2.3.2 Voltage Solution and Effect of Reactive Power 25 2.4 Problems 26 3 Transmission Lines 33 3.1 Modeling: Telegrapher’s Equations 33 3.1.1 Traveling Waves 35 3.1.2 Characteristic Impedance 35 3.1.3 Power 36 3.1.4 Line Terminations and Reflections 36 3.1.4.1 Examples 37 3.1.4.2 Lightning 38 3.1.4.3 Inductive Termination 39 3.1.5 Sinusoidal Steady State 41 3.2 Problems 44 4 Polyphase Systems 47 4.1 Two-phase Systems 47 4.2 Three-phase Systems 48 4.3 Line–Line Voltages 51 4.3.1 Example: Wye- and Delta-connected Loads 52 4.3.2 Example: Use of Wye–Delta for Unbalanced Loads 53 4.4 Problems 55 5 Electrical and Magnetic Circuits 59 5.1 Electric Circuits 59 5.1.1 Kirchhoff’s Current Law 59 5.1.2 Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law 60 5.1.3 Constitutive Relationship: Ohm’s Law 60 5.2 Magnetic Circuit Analogies 62 5.2.1 Analogy to KCL 62 5.2.2 Analogy to KVL: Magnetomotive Force 62 5.2.3 Analogy to Ohm’s Law: Reluctance 63 5.2.4 Simple Case 64 5.2.5 Flux Confinement 64 5.2.6 Example: C-Core 65 5.2.7 Example: Core with Different Gaps 66 5.3 Problems 66 6 Transformers 71 6.1 Single-phase Transformers 71 6.1.1 Ideal Transformers 72 6.1.2 Deviations from an Ideal Transformer 73 6.1.3 Autotransformers 75 6.2 Three-phase Transformers 76 6.2.1 Example 78 6.2.2 Example: Grounding or Zigzag Transformer 80 6.3 Problems 81 7 Polyphase Lines and Single-phase Equivalents 87 7.1 Polyphase Transmission and Distribution Lines 87 7.1.1 Example 89 7.2 Introduction to Per-unit Systems 90 7.2.1 Normalization of Voltage and Current 90 7.2.2 Three-phase Systems 91 7.2.3 Networks with Transformers 92 7.2.4 Transforming from One Base to Another 92 7.2.5 Example: Fault Study 93 7.2.5.1 One-line Diagram of the Situation 93 7.3 Appendix: Inductances of Transmission Lines 95 7.3.1 Single Wire 95 7.3.2 Mutual Inductance 96 7.3.3 Bundles of Conductors 97 7.3.4 Transposed Lines 98 7.4 Problems 98 8 Electromagnetic Forces and Loss Mechanisms 103 8.1 Energy Conversion Process 103 8.1.1 Principle of Virtual Work 104 8.1.1.1 Example: Lifting Magnet 106 8.1.2 Co-energy 107 8.1.2.1 Example: Co-energy Force Problem 107 8.1.2.2 Electric Machine Model 108 8.2 Continuum Energy Flow 109 8.2.1 Material Motion 110 8.2.2 Additional Issues in Energy Methods 111 8.2.2.1 Co-energy in Continuous Media 111 8.2.2.2 Permanent Magnets 112 8.2.2.3 Energy in the Flux–Current Plane 113 8.2.3 Electric Machine Description 115 8.2.4 Field Description of Electromagnetic Force: The Maxwell Stress Tensor 117 8.2.5 Tying the Maxwell Stress Tensor and Poynting Approaches Together 119 8.2.5.1 Simple Description of a Linear Induction Motor 120 8.3 Surface Impedance of Uniform Conductors 122 8.3.1 Linear Case 123 8.3.2 Iron 125 8.3.3 Magnetization 126 8.3.4 Saturation and Hysteresis 126 8.3.5 Conduction, Eddy Currents, and Laminations 129 8.3.5.1 Complete Penetration Case 129 8.3.6 Eddy Currents in Saturating Iron 131 8.4 Semi-empirical Method of Handling Iron Loss 133 8.5 Problems 136 References 141 9 Synchronous Machines 143 9.1 Round Rotor Machines: Basics 144 9.1.1 Operation with a Balanced Current Source 145 9.1.2 Operation with a Voltage Source 145 9.2 Reconciliation of Models 147 9.2.1 Torque Angles 148 9.3 Per-unit Systems 148 9.4 Normal Operation 149 9.4.1 Capability Diagram 150 9.4.2 Vee Curve 150 9.5 Salient Pole Machines: Two-reaction Theory 151 9.6 Synchronous Machine Dynamics 155 9.7 Synchronous Machine Dynamic Model 155 9.7.1 Electromagnetic Model 156 9.7.2 Park’s Equations 157 9.7.3 Power and Torque 160 9.7.4 Per-unit Normalization 160 9.7.5 Equivalent Circuits 163 9.7.6 Transient Reactances and Time Constants 164 9.8 Statement of Simulation Model 165 9.8.1 Example: Transient Stability 166 9.8.2 Equal Area Transient Stability Criterion 166 9.9 Appendix 1: Transient Stability Code 169 9.10 Appendix 2: Winding Inductance Calculation 172 9.10.1 Pitch Factor 175 9.10.2 Breadth Factor 175 9.11 Problems 177 10 System Analysis and Protection 181 10.1 The Symmetrical Component Transformation 181 10.2 Sequence Impedances 184 10.2.1 Balanced Transmission Lines 184 10.2.2 Balanced Load 185 10.2.3 Possibly Unbalanced Loads 186 10.2.4 Unbalanced Sources 187 10.2.5 Rotating Machines 189 10.2.6 Transformers 189 10.2.6.1 Example: Rotation of Symmetrical Component Currents 190 10.2.6.2 Example: Reconstruction of Currents 191 10.3 Fault Analysis 192 10.3.1 Single Line–Neutral Fault 192 10.3.2 Double Line–Neutral Fault 193 10.3.3 Line–Line Fault 193 10.3.4 Example of Fault Calculations 194 10.3.4.1 Symmetrical Fault 195 10.3.4.2 Single Line–Neutral Fault 195 10.3.4.3 Double Line–Neutral Fault 196 10.3.4.4 Line–Line Fault 197 10.3.4.5 Conversion to Amperes 198 10.4 System Protection 198 10.4.1 Fuses 199 10.5 Switches 199 10.6 Coordination 200 10.6.1 Ground Overcurrent 200 10.7 Impedance Relays 201 10.7.1 Directional Elements 202 10.8 Differential Relays 202 10.8.1 Ground Fault Protection for Personnel 203 10.9 Zones of System Protection 203 10.10 Problems 204 11 Load Flow 211 11.1 Two Ports and Lines 211 11.1.1 Power Circles 212 11.2 Load Flow in a Network 214 11.3 Gauss–Seidel Iterative Technique 216 11.4 Bus Types 217 11.5 Bus Admittance 217 11.5.1 Bus Incidence 217 11.5.2 Example Network 218 11.5.3 Alternative Assembly of Bus Admittance 219 11.6 Newton–Raphson Method for Load Flow 220 11.6.1 Generator Buses 222 11.6.2 Decoupling 222 11.6.3 Example Calculations 223 11.7 Problems 223 11.8 Appendix: Matlab Scripts to Implement Load Flow Techniques 226 11.8.1 Gauss–Seidel Routine 226 11.8.2 Newton–Raphson Routine 228 11.8.3 Decoupled Newton–Raphson Routine 230 12 Power Electronics and Converters in Power Systems 233 12.1 Switching Devices 233 12.1.1 Diodes 234 12.1.2 Thyristors 234 12.1.3 Bipolar Transistors 235 12.2 Rectifier Circuits 236 12.2.1 Full-wave Rectifier 237 12.2.1.1 Full-wave Bridge with Resistive Load 237 12.2.1.2 Phase-control Rectifier 238 12.2.1.3 Phase Control into an Inductive Load 240 12.2.1.4 AC Phase Control 242 12.2.1.5 Rectifiers for DC Power Supplies 242 12.3 DC–DC Converters 243 12.3.1 Pulse Width Modulation 246 12.3.2 Boost Converter 247 12.3.2.1 Continuous Conduction 247 12.3.2.2 Discontinuous Conduction 249 12.3.2.3 Unity Power Factor Supplies 250 12.4 Canonical Cell 251 12.4.1 Bidirectional Converter 251 12.4.2 H-Bridge 252 12.5 Three-phase Bridge Circuits 254 12.5.1 Rectifier Operation 254 12.5.2 Phase Control 257 12.5.3 Commutation Overlap 257 12.5.4 AC Side Current Harmonics 259 12.5.4.1 Power Supply Rectifiers 261 12.5.4.2 PWM Capable Switch Bridge 262 12.6 Unified Power Flow Controller 264 12.7 High-voltage DC Transmission 267 12.8 Basic Operation of a Converter Bridge 268 12.8.1 Turn-on Switch 268 12.8.2 Inverter Terminal 269 12.9 Achieving High Voltage 270 12.10 Problems 271 13 System Dynamics and Energy Storage 277 13.1 Load–Frequency Relationship 277 13.2 Energy Balance 277 13.2.1 Natural Response 278 13.2.2 Feedback Control 279 13.2.3 Droop Control 280 13.2.4 Isochronous Control 281 13.3 Synchronized Areas 282 13.3.1 Area Control Error 282 13.3.2 Synchronizing Dynamics 283 13.3.3 Feedback Control to Drive ACE to Zero 284 13.4 Inverter Connection 285 13.4.1 Overview of Connection 286 13.4.2 Filters 287 13.4.3 Measurement 288 13.4.4 Phase Locked Loop 289 13.4.5 Control Loops 290 13.4.6 Grid-following (Slave) Inverter 291 13.4.7 Grid-forming (Master) Inverter 291 13.4.8 Droop-controlled Inverter 292 13.5 Energy Storage 292 13.5.1 Time Scales 293 13.5.2 Batteries 293 13.5.2.1 Simplest Battery Model 294 13.5.2.2 Diffusion Model 294 13.5.2.3 Model Including State of Charge 295 13.6 Problems 296 14 Induction Machines 299 14.1 Introduction 299 14.2 Induction Machine Transformer Model 301 14.2.1 Operation: Energy Balance 307 14.2.1.1 Simplified Torque Estimation 309 14.2.1.2 Torque Summary 310 14.2.2 Example of Operation 310 14.2.3 Motor Performance Requirements 312 14.2.3.1 Effect of Rotor Resistance 312 14.3 Squirrel-cage Machines 313 14.4 Single-phase Induction Motors 314 14.4.1 Rotating Fields 314 14.4.2 Power Conversion in the Single-phase Induction Machine 315 14.4.3 Starting of Single-phase Induction Motors 316 14.4.3.1 Shaded Pole Motors 317 14.4.3.2 Split-phase Motors 317 14.4.4 Split-phase Operation 318 14.4.4.1 Example Motor 319 14.5 Induction Generators 321 14.6 Induction Motor Control 322 14.6.1 Volts/Hz Control 323 14.6.2 Field-oriented Control 323 14.6.3 Elementary Model 324 14.6.4 Simulation Model 325 14.6.5 Control Model 326 14.6.6 Field-oriented Strategy 327 14.7 Doubly-fed Induction Machines 329 14.7.1 Steady-state Operation 331 14.8 Appendix 1: Squirrel-cage Machine Model 334 14.8.1 Rotor Currents and Induced Flux 334 14.8.2 Squirrel-cage Currents 335 14.9 Appendix 2: Single-phase Squirrel-cage Model 339 14.10 Appendix 3: Induction Machine Winding Schemes 341 14.10.1 Winding Factor for Concentric Windings 344 14.11 Problems 345 References 350 15 DC (Commutator) Machines 351 15.1 Geometry 351 15.2 Torque Production 352 15.3 Back Voltage 353 15.4 Operation 354 15.4.1 Shunt Operation 355 15.4.2 Separately Excited 356 15.4.2.1 Armature Voltage Control 357 15.4.2.2 Field Weakening Control 357 15.4.2.3 Dynamic Braking 358 15.4.3 Machine Capability 358 15.5 Series Connection 359 15.6 Universal Motors 361 15.7 Commutator 362 15.7.1 Commutation Interpoles 362 15.7.2 Compensation 364 15.8 Compound-wound DC Machines 365 15.9 Problems 367 16 Permanent Magnets in Electric Machines 371 16.1 Permanent Magnets 371 16.1.1 Permanent Magnets in Magnetic Circuits 373 16.1.2 Load Line Analysis 373 16.1.2.1 Very Hard Magnets 374 16.1.2.2 Surface Magnet Analysis 375 16.1.2.3 Amperian Currents 376 16.2 Commutator Machines 376 16.2.1 Voltage 378 16.2.2 Armature Resistance 379 16.3 Brushless PM Machines 380 16.4 Motor Morphologies 380 16.4.1 Surface Magnet Machines 380 16.4.2 Interior Magnet, Flux-concentrating Machines 381 16.4.3 Operation 382 16.4.3.1 Voltage and Current: Round Rotor 382 16.4.4 A Little Two-reaction Theory 384 16.4.5 Finding Torque Capability 387 16.4.5.1 Optimal Currents 388 16.4.5.2 Rating 389 16.5 Problems 393 Reference 396 Index 397

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive, coherent strategy for modernizing America's electricity infrastructure while ensuring affordable, reliable, secure, and environmentally sustainable electricity services.America's aging electricity infrastructure is deteriorating rapidly even as the need for highly reliable electric service—driven by the explosion of digital technology—continues to rise. Largely missing from national discussions, however, is a coherent, comprehensive national strategy for modernizing this critical infrastructure. Energy expert Mason Willrich presents just such a strategy in this book, connecting the dots across electric utilities, independent suppliers, government bureaucracies, political jurisdictions, and academic disciplines. He explains the need for a coherent approach, offers a framework for analyzing policy options, and proposes a step-by-step strategy for modernizing electrical infrastructure, end-to-end, in a way that ensures the delivery of affordable, rel

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Book SynopsisAn edited collection that takes a deep dive into the complex interactions between nuclear energy and water.Splitting atoms is a water-intensive business. To operate efficiently and safely, a standard nuclear reactor needs around 50 cubic meters (13,000 gallons) of water per second?equivalent to the flow of a mid-sized river or large irrigation canal. In The Nuclear-Water Nexus, Per Högselius and Siegfried Evens bring together 25 authors from 12 countries to explore the resulting entanglements between society, technology, and nature. This collection of writing shows how nuclear energy?s dependence on water has shaped the atomic age in decisive ways. Water has been the key factor in forging a global nuclear geography, as the water needs of nuclear facilities require them to be located near the sea, major rivers, canals, or lakes. As an unintended consequence of such locations, nuclear facilities have become vulnerable to droughts, floods, erosion, and climate change?in a much more dramatic way than most other energy installations. Unsurprisingly, the ?wet? geography of nuclear energy also translates into threats to the wet environment, in the form of both radioactive contamination and thermal pollution. Water has, over the years, generated social conflicts?and cooperation?between nuclear energy and other water-intensive activities, such as agriculture, fisheries, navigation, military activities, hydropower production, drinking water supply, landscaping, leisure and tourism?and even fossil fuel extraction. This book examines these processes through a set of in-depth case studies.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsForeword: Postwar America’s Nuclear Paradox / Paul S. Sutter Acknowledgments Introduction | Nature and the Nuclear Consensus in Postwar America Part One | First Reactions 1. Leslie Groves, Report on the Trinity Test, 1945 2. Harry S. Truman, White House Statement on the Bombing of Hiroshima, 1945 3. Nagasaki Mushroom Cloud, 1945 4. Joseph H. Willits, “Social Adjustments to Atomic Energy,” 1946 5. Headline Comics, Atomic Man, 1946 6. Arthur H. Compton, “The Atomic Crusade and Its Social Implications,” 1947 7. H. M. Parker, “Speculations on Long-Range Waste Disposal Hazards,” 1948 8. General Advisory Committee Reports on Building the H-Bomb, 1949 9. Lewis L. Strauss to Harry S. Truman, 1949 Part Two | Building Consensus 1. National Security Council Report 68, 1950 2. Federal Civil Defense Administration, This Is Civil Defense, 1951 3. Federal Civil Defense Administration, Women in Civil Defense, 1952 4. Dwight D. Eisenhower, “Address before the General Assembly of the United Nations on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy,” 1953 5. Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation, “What does Atomic Energy really mean to you?” 1953 6. Lewis L. Strauss, “My Faith in the Atomic Future,” 1955 7. Heinz Haber, The Walt Disney Story of Our Friend the Atom, 1956 8. Bureau of Public Roads, A Preliminary Report on Highway Needs for Civil Defense, 1956 9. Walter Reuther, Atoms for Peace: A Separate Opinion, 1956 Part Three | Challenging Consensus 1. Bertrand Russell and Albert Einstein, “The Russell-Einstein Manifesto,” 1955 2. Roger Revelle and Milner B. Schaefer, “General Considerations Concerning the Ocean as a Receptacle for Artificially Radioactive Materials,” 1957 3. Atomic Energy Commission, Atomic Tests in Nevada, 1957 4. National Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy, “We Are Facing a Danger Unlike Any Danger That Has Ever Existed,” 1957 5. Atomic Energy Commission, Atoms for Peace U.S.A., 1958 6. Barry Commoner, “The Fallout Problem,” 1958 7. Edward Teller, “The Plowshare Program,” 1959 8. Office of Civil Defense and Mobilization, Fallout Maps, 1959 9. Herman Kahn and H. H. Mitchell, The Postattack Environment, 1961 10. Margaret Mead, “Are Shelters the Answer?” 1961 11. Women Strike for Peace Milk Campaign, 1961 12. Atomic Energy Commission, Annual Report, 1962 13. John F. Kennedy, “Commencement Address at American University,” 1963 14. David E. Lilienthal, Change, Hope, and the Bomb, 1963 15. John F. Kennedy, “Address to the American People on the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty,” 1963 Part Four | Confronting Paradox 1. Glenn T. Seaborg, “Environmental Effects of Producing Electric Power,” 1969 2. Minnesota Environmental Control Citizens Association, Anti-Nuclear Pamphlet, ca. 1969 3. Lenore Marshall, “The Nuclear Sword of Damocles,” 1971 4. Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc., v. United States Atomic Energy Commission, 1971 5. William R. Gould, “The State of the Atomic Industry,” 1974 6. Committee on the Present Danger, “Common Sense and the Common Danger,” 1976 7. Ralph W. Deuster, “Rx for the ‘Back’ of the Cycle,” 1976 8. Leonard Rifas, All-Atomic Comics, 1976 9. David N. Merrill, “Nuclear Siting and Licensing Process,” 1978 10. Helen Caldicott, Nuclear Madness, 1978 11. Abalone Alliance, “Declaration of Nuclear Resistance,” 1978 12. Report of the President’s Commission on the Accident at Three Mile Island, 1979 13. Gloria Gregerson, Radiation Exposure and Compensation, 1981 Part Five | Renewal 1. David E. Lilienthal, Atomic Energy: A New Start, 1980 2. Ronald Reagan, “Address to Members of the British Parliament,” 1982 3. Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 4. Jonathan Schell, The Fate of the Earth, 1982 5. Ronald Reagan, “Address to the Nation on Defense and National Security,” 1983 6. Carl Sagan, “The Nuclear Winter,” 1983 7. Office of Technology Assessment, Nuclear Power in an Age of Uncertainty, 1984 8. Campaign for a Nuclear Free Future, ca. 1984 9. Bernard Lown, “A Prescription for Hope,” 1985 10. Elizabeth Macias, High-Level Nuclear Waste Issues, 1987 11. Ronald Reagan, “Address to the 42nd Session of the United Nations,” 1987 12. Editors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, “A New Era,” 1991 Epilogue | The Nuclear Present 1. David Albright, Kathryn Buehler, and Holly Higgins, “Bin Laden and the Bomb,” 2002 2. Allison M. Macfarlane, “Yucca Mountain and High-Level Nuclear Waste Disposal,” 2006 3. Oregon Department of Energy, Hanford Cleanup: The First Twenty Years, 2009 4. Mark Z. Jacobson, “Nuclear Power Is Too Risky,” 2010 5. President’s Blue Ribbon Commission on America’s Nuclear Future, Report to the Secretary of Energy, 2012 6. Nuclear Energy Institute, “Nuclear Energy: Powering America’s Future,” 2013 7. Ken Caldeira, Kerry Emanuel, James Hansen, and Tom Wigley, “To Those Influencing Environmental Policy but Opposed to Nuclear Power,” 2013 8. Latuff Cartoons, Fukushima Cartoon, 2014 9. John Asafu-Adjaye et al., “An Ecomodernist Manifesto,” 2015 Index

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Book SynopsisSolar energy is a substantial global industry, one that has generated trade disputes among superpowers, threatened the solvency of large energy companies, and prompted serious reconsideration of electric utility regulation rooted in the 1930s. One of the biggest payoffs from solar's success is not the clean inexpensive electricity it can produce, but the lessons it provides for innovation in other technologies needed to address climate change.Despite the large literature on solar, including analyses of increasingly detailed datasets, the question as to how solar became inexpensive and why it took so long still remains unanswered. Drawing on developments in the US, Japan, Germany, Australia, and China, this book provides a truly comprehensive and international explanation for how solar has become inexpensive. Understanding the reasons for solar's success enables us to take full advantage of solar's potential. It can also teach us how to support other low-carbon Trade Review"The only way to save our planet and protect the climate is a global 100% renewable energy system, and solar energy will be the key component. In this book, Gregory F. Nemet traces the path of solar PV from its beginnings with impressive detail and insight to show that effective climate protection is within reach." -- Hans-Josef Fell, Energy Watch Group, Germany"How Solar Energy Became Cheap provides a comprehensive overview of the long pathway that PV took from a scientific idea to the world’s most inexpensive form of electricity. It shows the central role China has played as well as the international linkages that have been so crucial, and it provides much needed guidance for how we can use the lessons of solar to accelerate innovation in the other climate technologies we will need." -- Peng Zhou, China University of Petroleum, China"Gregory F. Nemet has written a comprehensive and engaging treatise answering a crucial question—how did solar energy get so cheap? For decades, solar energy was a fringe energy source, but a confluence of public policies and private entrepreneurship in a few pioneer countries led solar to become the cheapest, fastest-growing energy source on Earth. Nemet's book provides a theoretically coherent explanation for this phenomenon and distils lessons that other technologies essential for combating climate change will need to follow. The book is peppered with fascinating anecdotes and backed by an impressive breadth of original research." - Varun Sivaram, Chief Technology Officer, ReNew Power, India Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Answer Part 1: Creating a Technology 3. Scientific Origins 4. U.S. Technology Push Part 2: Building a Market 5. Japanese Niche Markets 6. Germany’s Demand Pull Part 3: Making it Cheap 7. Chinese Entrepreneurs 8. Local Learning Part 4: Doing it Again 9. Solar as a Model to Follow 10. Applying the Model 12. Accelerating Innovation

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Book SynopsisThis book covers the design, analysis, and optimization of the cleanest, most efficient fossil fuel-fired electric power generation technology at present and in the foreseeable future.The book contains a wealth of first principles-based calculation methods comprising key formulae, charts, rules of thumb, and other tools developed by the author over the course of 25+ years spent in the power generation industry. It is focused exclusively on actual power plant systems and actual field and/or rating data providing a comprehensive picture of the gas turbine combined cycle technology from performance and cost perspectives.Material presented in this book is applicable for research and development studies in academia and government/industry laboratories, as well as practical, day-to-day problems encountered in the industry (including OEMs, consulting engineers and plant operators).Table of ContentsIntroduction. Prerequisites. Bare Necessities. Gas Turbine. Steam Turbine. Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). Heat Sink Options. Combining the Pieces. Major Equipment. Balance of Plant. Construction and Commissioning. Environmental Considerations. Economics. Cogeneration. Operability. Maintenance. Repowering. Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle. Carbon Capture. What Next? Appendix A: Property Calculations. Appendix B: Standard Conditions for Temperature and Pressure. Appendix C: Exergetic Efficiency. Appendix D: Thermal Response Basics. Appendix E: Steam Turbine Stress Basics. Appendix F: Carbon Capture.

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Book SynopsisIndustry relies heavily on the combustion process. The already high demand for energy, primarily from combustion, is expected to continue to rapidly increase. Yet, the information is scattered and incomplete, with very little attention paid to the overall combustion system. Designed for practicing engineers, Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion eclipses the extant literature with an emphasis on the aspects of heat transfer that directly apply to industry.From a practical point of view, the editor organizes relevant papers into a single, coherent resource. The book encompasses heat transfer, thermodynamics, and fluid mechanics, including the little-covered subjects of the use of oxygen to enhance combustion and flame impingement. Maximizing applications and minimizing theory, it covers modes of heat transfer, computer modeling, heat transfer from flame impingement, from burners, low temperature, high temperature, and advanced applications, and more.The theoretical fTrade Review"This reviewer would like to congratulate the author for a well-written and a comprehensive book on industrial combustion… With the comprehensive review of the literature and the clear presentation of fundamentals of mass, momentum, and heat transport in combustion flames, this book should find its place as a valuable reference to practitioners in the field of combustion…This reviewer recommends Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion to his peers as well as to the libraries of institutions for higher learning." -Lea-Der Chen, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA "This book… is intended to 'fill a gap in the literature for books on heat transfer in industrial combustion, written for the practicing engineers…this book would be very useful when teaching… combustion and propulsion class…"." -Applied Mechanics Review, vol. 54, no. 4, July 2001Table of ContentsIntroduction. Heat Transfer Modes. Computer Modeling. Experimental Techniques. Flame Impingement. Heat Transfer from Burners. Heat Transfer in Furnaces. Low Temperature Applications. High Temperature Applications. Advanced Systems.

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Book SynopsisThe proposed book bridges the gap between the theories of thermal science and design of practical thermal systems by discussing thermodynamic design principle, mathematical and CFD tools that will enable students as well as professional engineers to quickly analyse and design practical thermal systemsTable of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Modeling and Simulation Basics. 3. Exergy for Design. 4. Material Selection. 5. Heat Exchanger. 6. Piping Flow. 7. Artificial Intelligence for Thermal Systems. 8. Numerical Linear Algebra. 9. Ordinary Differential Equations. 10. Numerical Differentiation and Integration. 11. Partial Differential Equations. 12. Computational Fluid Dynamics. 13. Electrochemical Systems. 14. Inverse Problems.

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Book SynopsisTitle: The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and ApplicationShelving guide: Electrical EngineeringDr. Paul Slade draws from his nearly six decades of active experience to develop this second edition of The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and Application. This book begins by discussing the design requirements for high voltage vacuum interrupters and then the contact requirements to interrupt the vacuum arc. It then continues by describing the various applications in which the vacuum interrupter is generally utilized.Part 1 of this book begins with a detailed review of the vacuum breakdown process. It continues by covering the steps necessary for the design and the manufacture of a successful vacuum interrupter. The vacuum arc is then discussed, including how it is affected as a function of current. An overview of the development and use of practical contact materials, along with their advantagesTable of Contents1. High Voltage Vacuum Interrupter Design. 2. The Vacuum Arc. 3. The Materials, Design and Manufacture of the Vacuum Interrupter. 4. General Aspects of Vacuum Interrupter Application. 5. Application of The Vacuum Interrupter for Switching Load Currents. 6. Circuit Protection, Vacuum Circuit Breakers and Reclosers.

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Book SynopsisThis book is based on the author''s 50+ years experience in the power and distribution transformer industry. The first few chapters of the book provide a step-by-step procedures of transformer design. Engineers without prior knowledge or exposure to design can follow the procedures and calculation methods to acquire reasonable proficiency necessary to designing a transformer. Although the transformer is a mature product, engineers working in the industry need to understand its fundamentals oand design to enable them to offer products to meet the challenging demands of the power system and the customer. This book can function as a useful guide for practicing engineers to undertake new designs, cost optimization, design automation etc., without the need for external help or consultancy.The book extensively covers the design processes with necessary data and calculations from a wide variety of transformers, including dry-type cast resin Trade ReviewPower & Distribution Transformers: Practical Design Guide is, as the name indicates, a design guide for practicing transformer designers with step-by-step explanation of various design procedures. Even though, there are many reputed books giving theoretical aspects of transformers, there are only a very few books guiding beginners with the design procedure, formulae, design data and calculations with worked out actual designs. Author has incorporated latest trends in all above areas of design. Author has collected and collated design data from various sources, and presented it in an easy-to -use format, after validating these from his long experience. He has also updated and supplemented many topics based on the developmental work done during his career. Brevity is the essence of this book. Designers will find it worth to keep this reference volume in their shelves for day-to-day work. In today’s industrial world where apprenticeship or learning by sitting next to Nellie is no more prevalent, such transformer books meet a dire need.- P Ramachandran, Specialist, Power TransformersTable of ContentsTransformer Design. Brief History of Transformer Including Emerging Trends. Design Process. Core Design: Core Area Calculation. Winding Design. Calculation of Load Losses. Calculation of Reactance. Calculation of Core Frame Size, Core Losses, Efficiency and Regulation. Lightning and Switching Surges on Transformer. Inrush Current in Transformer. Calculation of Core and Coil Assembly Dimensions, Tank Size and Tank Weight. Calculation of Winding Gradient, Heat Dissipation and Oil Quantity. Calculation of Pressure Rise, Stress and Strength of Tank. Calculation of Short Circuit Forces and Strength of Transformers. Rectifier Transformers. Cast Resin Transformers. Earthing Transformers. Amorphous Core Transformers. Design of Current-Limiting Reactors. Scott-Connected Transformer. Autotransformers. Transformers for Special Applications or Special Designs. Transformers for Renewable Energy Applications. Condition Monitoring of Oil-Filled Transformers. Carbon Footprint Calculation of Transformer. Seismic Response Calculation for Transformers. Solid-State Transformer. Transformer Design Optimization. Corrosion Protection. Calculation of Miscellaneous Technical Parameters. Design of1000 kVA, 11/0.4 kV, ONAN Transformer. Design of 20 MVA, 33/11.5 kV, ONAN Transformer. Design of 72/90 MVA, 132/34.5 kV, ONAN/ONAF Transformer. Finite Element Methods for Transformer Design. Total Owning Cost (TOC) of Transformer. Comparison of IEC 60076 and ANSI / IEEE C.57.12 Standards. Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisSolid Oxide Fuel Cells: From Fundamental Principles to Complete Systems is a valuable resource for beginners, experienced researchers, and developers of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). It provides a fundamental understanding of SOFCs by covering the present state-of-the-art as well as ongoing research and future challenges to be solved. It discusses current and future materials, and provides an overview of development activities with a more general system approach toward fuel cell plant technology, including plant design and economics, industrial data, and advances in technology. Provides an understanding of the operating principles of SOFCs Discusses state-of-the-art materials, technologies, and processes Includes a review of the current industry and lessons learned Offers a more general system approach toward fuel cell plant technology, including plant design and economics of SOFC manufacture

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Book SynopsisThe day-to-day world of crude oil traders is not usually open to outsiders. Few non-specialists appreciate how oil traders approach the markets, what their backgrounds are and how they make money.This book brings the oil trading world to vivid life by introducing the reader to 40 real-life trades or strategies that were carried out by named market participants. The 40 chapters cover different geographies and different crude oil markets, providing an unparalleled insight into how crude oil traders work and think. Oil trading developed in its current form in the 1980s and the chapters cover these early beginnings through to the present day. The trades have been grouped in sections that relate to the nature of each trade and its broader use as an example of a successful trading style. Sections cover approaches to arbitrage trading; the impact of geopolitics; logistics and storage plays; short-term versus longer term trading; managing new crude oil grades; trading crude oil derivTable of Contents1. Night Flight To Siberia – Colin Bryce 2. A Sweet Deal – Philippe Khoury 3. Where Physical Meets Paper – Kurt Chapman 4. A False Arbitrage – Adi Imsirovic 5. A Russian Arbitrage Strategy – Trym Nordhus 6. Leveraging Local Knowledge – Ralf-Dieter Poth 7. Finding The Global Optimal – Manosh Saha Macro & Micro Trading 8. Calling A Collapse – Eric Rubenstein 9. Learning From Misfortune – Cui Zhenchu 10. Facing A Force Majeure – Anne Devlin 11. Trading The Micro Structure – Sylvia Low 12. Financing Oil Traders – Philippe Cohen 13. Starting From ‘Why Not’ – Alessandro Liberati Spot versus Term Trading 14. Publish And Circulate – Elizabeth Bossley 15. Bringing Indexation to Russia – Elena Lobodina 16. Updating The NOC Model – Juan Carlos Fonnegra 17. Flexibility Of Supply – Mohammed Minkara 18. Turning Weakness Into Strength – Michael Dugdale 19. The Value Of Persistence – Geena Malkani Logistics and Storage Trading 20. Preserving Pipeline Economics – John Krus 21. A U.S. Pipeline Frenzy – Anne Summers 22. Finding Interesting Niches – Michael Hacking 23. Smoothing Logistics – Chris Del Vecchio 24. Trading Floating Storage – Daphne Teo 25. Trading Around Strategic Storage – Justus van der Spuy Trading New Crude Oil Grades 26. Marketing The First Brent – Richard Johnstone 27. Flexibility Plays – Rajaraman Jayaraman 28. Refining The First Norwegian Oil – Bridie Tobin 29. Marketing A New Stream – David Jorbenaze 30. Splitting Basrah – Thomas Andersen 31. Asia’s Shift To Sour – Trading Crude Oil Derivatives – Andrew Dodson 32. WTI Proves Itself – Thomas McMahon 33. From Floor To Screen -- Steve Roberts 34. Bringing Brent Onscreen – Milan Kratka 35. Trading Opaque Markets – Greg Newman 36. Trading As A Calling Card – Gary King 37. A Chart For Success – Trading Crude Oil Options – Kevin McCormack 38. Trading On Behalf Of A Nation – Gerardo Rodríguez 39. The Invention Of Synthetic Storage – Ilia Bouchouev 40. Making A Major Shift – Richard Fullarton

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Book SynopsisThe primary purpose of PV Systems Engineering is to provide a comprehensive set of PV knowledge and understanding tools for the design, installation, commissioning, inspection, and operation of PV systems. During recent years in the United States, more PV capacity was installed than any other electrical generation source. In addition to practical system information, this new edition includes explanation of the basic physical principles upon which the technology is based and a consideration of the environmental and economic impact of the technology. The material covers all phases of PV systems from basic sunlight parameters to system commissioning and simulation, as well as economic and environmental impact of PV. With homework problems included in each chapter and numerous design examples of real systems, the book provides the reader with consistent opportunities to apply the information to real-world scenarios.Trade Review"The new edition of the text represents an outstanding improvement over earlier versions. I would highly recommend it to any faculty interested in teaching a course related to photovoltaic systems engineering for the following reasons: a) It represents an excellent balance of theory and practical engineering application of science, technology, and economic analysis; b) It is up-to-date on the latest technology, system components, codes and standards, and accepted design practices, c) The problem sets at the end of each chapter are well thought out and provide students with relevant needed practice necessary for developing comprehensive design knowledge and skills for a variety of PV system configurations; d) The book is extremely well organized, well written, easy to follow, and should appeal to a large segment of both student and practicing engineering populations. In short, it is an excellent engineering text on extremely important subject matter from which faculty will enjoy teaching and from which student learning will be enhanced."— Jerry Ventre, Florida Solar Energy Center (Retired), USA"This book, now in its 4th edition, is thorough, comprehensive and frequently revised, so it is up-to-date. I have always liked it, in earlier editions, for bothering to address the low profile but important aspects of photovoltaic systems that tend to be left out of other books – the mechanical engineering aspects, including mounting methods, loads and stresses and wind loading; electrical protection; standards (for USA at least); wire sizing; junction boxes; environmental impacts, etc."— Richard Corkish, University of New South Wales, Australia"I find this book to be excellent, containing both the theoretical and practical knowledge to analyze and design a wide range of solar photovoltaic systems. I am not aware of any currently available books that include such breadth and depth."— John Murray, Dine College, USA"The new edition of the text represents an outstanding improvement over earlier versions. I would highly recommend it to any faculty interested in teaching a course related to photovoltaic systems engineering for the following reasons: a) It represents an excellent balance of theory and practical engineering application of science, technology, and economic analysis; b) It is up-to-date on the latest technology, system components, codes and standards, and accepted design practices, c) The problem sets at the end of each chapter are well thought out and provide students with relevant needed practice necessary for developing comprehensive design knowledge and skills for a variety of PV system configurations; d) The book is extremely well organized, well written, easy to follow, and should appeal to a large segment of both student and practicing engineering populations. In short, it is an excellent engineering text on extremely important subject matter from which faculty will enjoy teaching and from which student learning will be enhanced."— Jerry Ventre, Florida Solar Energy Center (Retired), USA"This book, now in its 4th edition, is thorough, comprehensive and frequently revised, so it is up-to-date. I have always liked it, in earlier editions, for bothering to address the low profile but important aspects of photovoltaic systems that tend to be left out of other books – the mechanical engineering aspects, including mounting methods, loads and stresses and wind loading; electrical protection; standards (for USA at least); wire sizing; junction boxes; environmental impacts, etc."— Richard Corkish, University of New South Wales, Australia"I find this book to be excellent, containing both the theoretical and practical knowledge to analyze and design a wide range of solar photovoltaic systems. I am not aware of any currently available books that include such breadth and depth."— John Murray, Dine College, USATable of ContentsPrefaceDisclaimerAcknowledgmentsAuthorsAbbreviations Chapter 1: Background1.1 Introduction1.2 Population and Energy Demand1.3 Current World Energy Use Patterns1.4 Exponential Growth1.5 Hubbert’s Gaussian Model1.6 Net Energy, BTU Economics, and the Test for Sustainability1.7 Direct Conversion of Sunlight to Electricity with PV1.8 Energy UnitsReferencesSuggested ReadingChapter 2: The Sun2.1 Introduction2.2 The Solar Spectrum2.3 Effect of Atmosphere on Sunlight2.4 Sunlight Specifics2.5 Capturing SunlightReferencesSuggested ReadingChapter 3: Introduction to PV Systems3.1 Introduction3.2 The PV Cell3.3 The PV Module3.4 The PV Array3.5 Energy Storage3.6 PV System Loads3.7 PV System Availability: Traditional Concerns and New Concerns 3.8 Associated System Electronic Components 3.9 Generators3.10 Balance of System ComponentsReferences Suggested ReadingChapter 4: Grid-Connected Utility-Interactive Photovoltaic Systems4.1 Introduction4.2 Applicable Codes and Standards4.3 Design Considerations for Straight Grid-Connected PV Systems 4.4 Design of a System Based on Desired Annual System Performance4.5 Design of a System Based upon Available Roof Space4.6 Design of a Microinverter-Based System4.7 Design of a Nominal 20 kW System That Feeds a Three-Phase Distribution Panel4.8 Design of a Nominal 500-kW System 4.9 System Commissioning4.10 System Performance MonitoringReferences Suggested ReadingChapter 5: Mechanical Considerations5.1 Introduction5.2 Important Pr

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Book SynopsisThis revised edition of Renewable Energy: A First Course is fully updated and continues to provide the best in-depth introduction to renewable energy science. The book focuses mainly on renewable energy, but also addresses nonrenewable energy (fossil fuels and nuclear technology). The coverage extends from the basic physics to conservation, economic, and public policy issues, with strong emphasis on explaining how things work in practice. The authors avoid technical jargon and advanced math but address fundamental analytical skills with wide application. Updated statistics, figures, policies, trends, and technological advancements will bring the reader up to speed with the current state of renewable energy. Table of Contents1 Introduction2 Fossil Fuels3 Nuclear Power: Basic Science4 Nuclear Power: Technology5 Biofuels6 Geothermal Energy7 Wind Power8 Hydropower9 Solar Radiation and Earth’s Climate10 Solar Thermal11 Photovoltaics12 Energy Conservation and Efficiency13 Energy Storage and Transmission14 Climate and Energy: Policy, Politics, and Public Opinion15 Data Analytics and Risk Assessment: An Overview16 Dynamics of Population: An OverviewAppendix A: Answers to Even-Numbered ProblemsAppendix B: Useful Physical ConstantsAppendix C: Useful Conversion Factors

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Book SynopsisThe replacement of fossil-derived compounds by bio-based fuels and chemicals is crucial for the implementation of a sustainable bioeconomy. In this context, microorganisms are key players for biofuels' production from renewable sources.Biotechnological biofuel production processes require conversion microorganisms capable of both efficiently assimilating renewable low-cost carbon sources and diverting their metabolisms towards the specific biofuel. Exploring the wide diversity of microorganisms available on Earth will surely aid to make the production of green fuels a reality.This book gives a wide overview of different microbial-based processes for green fuels production. The book also includes techno-economic analysis and highlights strategic, commercial and environmental interests in promoting green fuels. All these facts make this book very valuable not only for the scientific community but also for biofuel companies and policy makers.Table of Contents1. Biofuels: Introduction, Historical and Commercial Aspects 2. Green Fuels: Algae-based Sources and Production Routes 3. Agro-Industrial Wastes to Sustainable Bio-Oil Fuels, Enzymes and Biobased Chemicals in Yeast-Biorefineries 4. Microbial and Ecological Aspects in Biohydrogen Production by Dark Fermentation 5. Biohydrogen from Biomass: Fermentation Pathway and Economic Aspects 6. Microbial Roles in Second Generation Bioethanol 7. Production of Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Materials by Non-conventional Microorganisms 8. Strategies to Enhance Biobutanol Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass 9. Bioconversion of Agro-Industrial Residues into Biobutanol 10. Microbiology of Biodiesel Production 11. Harvesting and Lipid Extraction of Microalgal Biomass: Sustainable Routes to Biodiesel 12. Biodiesel from Microalgae: In-depth Extraction Processes and Transesterification Strategies 13. Biogas Production Enhancement Employing Bioelectrochemical Systems 14. Green Fuel from Sewage Sludge: Roles of Microorganism 15. Techno-economic Study of Microbial Green Fuels vs Plant Fuels

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Book SynopsisA retro-fit offers many benefits: cutting electricity and heating bills, increasing the resale value of homes, slashing carbon emissions and creating a healthier place to live. This book is the guide to making it happen. It looks at: draught-proofing, insulation and damp ventilation, heating and cooling electrical efficiency and renewable energy water use and re-use materials' life cycles and incorporating nature protection from climate change impacts - modelling energy flows and embodied energy how we can meet the need to cut carbon emissions from dwellings by eighty percent by 2050. Projects can apply to apartment blocks, recent builds and older, solid-walled properties. Enlivened with helpful diagrams and photographs, plus plenty of pointers for further information, it provides a comprehensive resource handbook for any building professional and contractor, students â or any homeowner serious about efficiency (cash and carbon) savings. Trade Review'This is an excellent book ... It should be the first stop for anyone seeking objective advice in a field cluttered with misleading claims. I couldn't recommend it more strongly.' George Monbiot 'At last, a sensible book on eco-renovation that is full of useful facts ... Earthscan bill these volumes as expert handbooks and they do not disappoint. They will save you from making costly mistakes and are well worth the cover price.' Permaculture Magazine'We can't recommend this book highly enough. David Thorpe has produced an interesting read whilst managing to also include all the necessary technical energy information. This should be required reading for the capable amateur and the professionally engaged, as well as students and qualified architects.' Penney Poyzer, campaigner low carbon living and working and Gil Schalom, green architect; co-owners of the pioneering Nottingham ecohome, the UK's first radical eco-retrofit 'This book should be read by anyone engaged in domestic energy efficiency programmes. It goes back to basics and sets out systematically and incrementally how to approach the refurbishment of existing homes which will result in reduced energy demand and lower bills.' Jenny Saunders, Chief Executive, National Energy Action 'David Thorpe's oh-so-valuable book excellently covers the full spectrum of low impact home refurbishment. It is jam-packed with detail, and rises to the challenge of being both useful and accessible to a range of people from construction professionals to the committed DIYer wanting to crack on in eco-refurb.' Simon McWhirter, Director, Great British Refurb Campaign 'If you haven't got a copy go out and get one pronto!' mynewbookreview.blogspot.com 'Make[s] what can be a very complicated subject accessible ... a very good buy for homeowners and professionals looking at this subject for the first time.' Property Care Association 'Anyone considering refurbishing an older home ... will certainly benefit from reading this new book. It is packed with common sense, practical information and guidance ... Authoritative, skilfully edited and a well thought-out practical manual that will be very useful to practicing building engineers, contractors and even DIY'ers!' Building EngineerTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Airtightness: Reducing Energy Demand for Heating and Cooling 2. Insulation Materials 3. Insulation Strategies 4. Going All The Way – Towards Passivhaus 5. Windows and Doors 6. Ventilation, Cooling and Heating 7. Water Management 8. Electricity Efficiency and Supply 9 . Contextual Issues

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the technology behind the pico-solar revolution and offers guidance on how to test and choose quality products. The book also discusses how pioneering companies and initiatives are overcoming challenges to reach scale in the marketplace, from innovative distribution strategies to reach customers in rural India and Tanzania, to product development in Cambodia, product assembly in Mozambique and the introduction of pay as you go' technology in Kenya.Pico-solar is a new category of solar electric system which has the potential to transform the lives of over 1.6 billion people who live without access to electricity. Pico-solar systems are smaller and more affordable than traditional solar systems and have the power to provide useful amounts of electricity to charge the increasing number of low power consuming appliances from mobile phones, e-readers and parking metres, to LED lights which have the power to light up millionsTrade Review'John Keane is one of the world's pre-eminent authorities on pico-solar, both the technologies involved, and the marketing of them. This book is a wonderful encapsulation of his expertise. I have been priviledged to be a colleague of his in the most successful enterprise yet in selling pico-solar in Africa, SolarAid's retail brand SunnyMoney. I know first hand how much social good John Keane's vocational life, and now his book based on it, are doing and will do for the world.' - Jeremy Leggett, Founder and Chairman of SolarCentury and SolarAid'It’s a very good book which covers an important topic. Pico-solar products have the potential to help rural communities which do not have access to electricity in many ways, such as helping farmers charge their phones to stay connected and students to study at night.' - Alex Nana Yaw Brako, Logistics Operations Manager, West & Central Africa, Barefoot Power Africa Limited'An inspiring, accessible and useful book which gives a good overview of how small solar solutions are helping light up parts of Africa.' - Fredrick Ouko, Executive Director, Action Network for the Disabled, Kenya'Young people are leaving rural farming communities for urban lifestyles, resulting in an ageing countryside, globally, with a dearth of people to take up agriculture and feed the growing population. Pico-solar provides one innovative means by which rural lifestyles can be improved, enticing more people to stay in and contribute to the development of rural areas. This book provides an excellent overview of the sector and an improved understanding on how pico-solar products can improve rural, agricultural communities'. - Courtney Paisley, Director of Young Professionals for Agricultural Development (YPARD)'I found the book really useful and interesting. It provides a great introduction and overview to the new and exciting pico-solar sector, covering a wide range of issues, including the technology, the challenges facing last mile distributors and the positive social impact pico-solar lighting in particular can have. It's clear that pico-solar energy solutions promise to help rural Africa gain access to clean, renewable energy and have a big social impact on rural communities. Furthermore, with the relatively non-existent empirical literature and documented successful distribution models of pico-solar products in Africa, this book is timely and provides suitable case studies and guides for those interested in the pico-solar industry in Africa.' - Emmanuel Aziebor, Associate Advisor, Renewable Energy, SNV Netherlands Development Organisation, Ghana'Congratulations on the book. I think it will allow for a lot of information flow on the technical aspects of solar and the solar market in general. Many people working in the pico-solar sector will identify with the wins and challenges discussed in the book. The book is also good for non-technical people and as an introduction for people new to the field.' - Anne Kayiwa, Country Manager, Barefoot Power, Uganda Table of ContentsPreface Chapter 1: An Introduction to Pico-solar 1. Pico-solar - A New Category of Solar Electric Power 2. System Components 3. The Pico-solar Market 4. Power to Transform Lives 5. Overcoming Traditional Solar Barriers 6. Market trends Chapter 2: The Solar Resource 1. Introduction to Solar Power 2. Putting the Sun’s Energy to Work 3. Solar Radiation 4. Solar Incident Angle 5. Insolation Chapter 3: PV Solar Cells and Modules 1. The Solar Cell 2. How Solar Cells Work 3. The Solar Module 4. Module Ratings 5. Module Output 6. Types of PV Modules 7. PV Wiring and Junction Boxes 8. PV Module Disposal 9. Prices and Innovations Chapter 4: Batteries 1. Introduction to Batteries 2. Battery Chemistries 3. Prices and Innovations Chapter 5: Lighting 1. Lighting Principles and Measurements 2. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Chapter 6: Energy Efficient Appliances 1. Powering Small Appliances 2. Calculating Energy Needs 3. Calculating Module Size and Battery Capacity 4. Portable Electronic Appliances 5. Larger Solar Systems Chapter 7: Quality and Standards 1. Standards and Quality marks 2. Product Life and Warranty 3. Product Performance 4. International Classifications 5. Product Testing Chapter 8: Using and Maintaining Products 1. Selling Pico-solar Responsibly 2. Basic Repairs Chapter 9: The Impact of Pico-solar 1. Light for Development 2. Economic Impact 3. Health and Safety 4. Education 5. Environment 6. Communications Chapter 10: Challenges Facing the Market 1. Reaching the Base of the Pyramid 2. Logistics and Supply 3. Distribution 4. Financial Barriers and Solutions 5. Marketing at the Base of the Pyramid 6. Customer and Aftersales Service 7. Import Taxes and Tariffs 8. Product Disposal and Recycling 9. Policy and Market Facilitation – The Role of Government Chapter 11: Case Studies 1. SunnyMoney - Scaling Up in East Africa 2. Fosera – Manufacturing in Mozambique 3. Toyola Energy – Entrepreneurs in West Africa 4. Worldreader – Solar Charging E-readers in Ghana 5. Greenlight Planet: Direct to Village Distribution in India 6. Orb Energy – India 7. Kamworks - Creating Lighting Solutions in Cambodia 8. NWFT - Microfinancing Solar in the Philippines Chapter 12: Resources 1. Further Reading 2. Industry Bodies, Initiatives and Programmes 3. Pico-solar Companies Specialising in Lighting Products 4. References

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Book SynopsisChanging Energy outlines how humanity came to its current energy economy through three previous energy transitions and now stands poised for a necessary fourth one. Despite the immense benefits conferred by a global energy economy based primarily on coal, oil, gas, and uranium, societies must now rebuild their energy economies to rely as much as possible on renewable energy used efficiently. This imperative to change comes from the risks of climate change plus the dangers of geopolitical tensions, health and environmental effects, and the long-term prospects for ever depleting sources of today's energy sources. Changing Energy argues that sustainability of the benefits from energy services will come from investments made in the technologies of the fourth transition. Perkins envisions a viable post-fossil fuel energy economy and outlines the barriers that must be resolved to reach it.Table of ContentsPreface Prologue 1. The Invisible Keystone of the Modern World 2. Energy and Energy Services 3. Energy and the Modern State 4. Primary Fuels and Energy Efficiency 5. Energy Systems 6. Climate Change 7. Geopolitical Tensions, Health and Environmental Effects, and Depletion 8. The Fourth Energy Transition: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 9. Energy Sources: Criteria for Acceptability 10. Strengths and Weaknesses of Primary Energy Sources 11. Barriers and Challenges Epilogue Appendix 1. Units for Measuring Energy and Power Appendix 2. Production of Heat by Combustion and Fission Notes Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisIn this important new primer, Dustin Mulvaney makes a passionate case for the significance of solar power energy and offers a vision for a more sustainable and just solar industry for the future. The solar energy industry has grown immensely over the past several years and now provides up to a fifth of California's power. But despite its deservedly green reputation, solar development and deployment may have social and environmental consequences, from poor factory labor standards to landscape impacts on wildlife. Using a wide variety of case studies and examples that trace the life cycle of photovoltaics, Mulvaney expertly outlines the state of the solar industry, exploring the ongoing conflicts between ecological concerns and climate mitigation strategies, current trade disputes, and the fate of toxics in solar waste products. This exceptional overview will outline the industry's current challenges and possible futures for students in environmental studies, energy policy, environmeTrade Review“Provides a valuable addition to the literature on the generation of electricity using solar panels. . . . This is a useful text that addresses the growth and impact of solar power in a range of contexts.” * CHOICE *"Mulvaney’s approach to solar development provides a template for how this type of research could — and undoubtedly should — be applied to other types of electricity generation, especially those that reduce carbon emissions and for whom growth is anticipated. That said, to provide a primer that is aspirational, critical and meticulously researched is no easy task. Solar Power achieves just that." * Nature Climate Change *"Would be useful for industry insiders and policy makers. . . . Solar Power is a well-researched, effective contribution to the literature on a just energy transition." * Human Ecology *"The even keel of the tone and content of this text are necessary to “argue[s] that photovoltaics as ethical, green products are not subject to enough critical examination.” This book is that examination." * Electronic Green Journal *"An excellent new book." * Cultures of Energy Podcast, Rice University *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Solar Power 2. Green New Deal 3. Innovations in Photovoltaics 4. Recycling and Product Stewardship 5. Green Civil War 6. The Western Solar Plan 7. Breakthrough Technologies and Solar Trade Wars 8. Solar Power and a Just Transition Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisEnergy Islands provides an urgent and nuanced portrait of collective action that resists racial capitalism, colonialism, and climate disruption. Weaving together historical and ethnographic research, this story challenges the master narratives of Puerto Rico as a tourist destination and site of naturaldisasters to demonstrate how fossil fuel economies are inextricably entwined with colonial practices and how local community groups in Puerto Rico have struggled against energy coloniality to mobilize and transform power from the ground up. Catalina M. de Onís documents how these groups work to decenter continental contexts and deconstruct damaging hierarchies that devalue and exploit rural coastal communities. She highlights and collaborates with individuals who refuse the cruel logics of empire by imagining and implementing energy justice and other interconnected radical power transformations. Diving deeply into energy, islands, and power, this book engages various metaphors for alterTable of ContentsList of Figures Acknowledgments Abbreviations Map of Puerto Rico Introduction: Amplifying Puerto Rican Voices in Power Struggles Part One: Forming Energies Routes/Roots/Raíces I: Recuerdos familiares [Family Memories] Chapter One: Dis/empowering Terms of an Energy Rhetorical Matrix Routes/Roots/Raíces II: Hydrocarbon Hauntings Chapter Two: Experimenting Energies of Defense, Disease, Development, and Disaster Part Two: Powering the Present and Future Chapter Three: Generating Methane Metaphors to Fuel and Fight Extractivism Routes/Roots/Raíces III: Account-ability in un revolú Chapter Four: (Re)wiring Coalitions for Radical Transformations Routes/Roots/Raíces IV: "Las cosas del barrio" (No) Conclusion: Delinking for Energy Justice Appendix: Puerto Rico and US Diasporic Organizations and Initiatives Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisHow are communities uniting against fracking and tar sands to change our energy future?Working across Lines offers a detailed comparative analysis of climate justice coalitions in California and Idahotwo states with distinct fossil fuel histories, environmental contexts, and political cultures. Drawing on ethnographic evidence from 106 in-depth interviews and three years of participant observation, Corrie Grosse investigates the ways people build effective energy justice coalitions across differences in political views, race and ethnicity, age, and strategic preferences. This book argues for four practices that are critical for movement building: focusing on core values of justice, accountability, and integrity; identifying the roots of injustice; cultivating relationships among activists; and welcoming difference. In focusing on coalitions related to energy and climate justice, Grosse provides important models for bridging divides to reach common goals. These lessons are more relevant than ever. Table of ContentsContents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1. The Energy and Political Landscape: Climate Crisis, Extreme Energy, and the Climate Justice Movement 2. The Organizing Landscape: Research Context 3. Idaho Part 1: Talking across Political Lines by Building Relationships 4. Idaho Part 2: Talking across Political Lines by Agreeing to Disagree 5. Working across Intersectional Lines: Youth Values and Relationships 6. Working across Organizational Lines: Grassroots and Grasstops Tensions and Possibilities 7. Two Tales of Struggle: Coalition Building against Big Oil 8. Lessons from Measure P and the Megaloads: Native–Non-Native and Latinx-White Coalition Outcomes Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisHow are communities uniting against fracking and tar sands to change our energy future?Working across Lines offers a detailed comparative analysis of climate justice coalitions in California and Idahotwo states with distinct fossil fuel histories, environmental contexts, and political cultures. Drawing on ethnographic evidence from 106 in-depth interviews and three years of participant observation, Corrie Grosse investigates the ways people build effective energy justice coalitions across differences in political views, race and ethnicity, age, and strategic preferences. This book argues for four practices that are critical for movement building: focusing on core values of justice, accountability, and integrity; identifying the roots of injustice; cultivating relationships among activists; and welcoming difference. In focusing on coalitions related to energy and climate justice, Grosse provides important models for bridging divides to reach common goals. These lessons are more relevantTable of ContentsContents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1. The Energy and Political Landscape: Climate Crisis, Extreme Energy, and the Climate Justice Movement 2. The Organizing Landscape: Research Context 3. Idaho Part 1: Talking across Political Lines by Building Relationships 4. Idaho Part 2: Talking across Political Lines by Agreeing to Disagree 5. Working across Intersectional Lines: Youth Values and Relationships 6. Working across Organizational Lines: Grassroots and Grasstops Tensions and Possibilities 7. Two Tales of Struggle: Coalition Building against Big Oil 8. Lessons from Measure P and the Megaloads: Native–Non-Native and Latinx-White Coalition Outcomes Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe senior Senator from New Mexico, Pete V Domenici has been called Congress' chief apostle for nuclear power. In this book, he shares his vision and passion for a renewed commitment to the dreams that nuclear energy can help us fulfill. He also talks about what kind of world our grandchildren could inhabit if we fail in making such a commitment.Trade ReviewSenator Domenici's leadership on energy issues is not 'limited' to the United States. Especially in the field of nuclear energy, when Senator Domenici speaks, the world listens. His thorough grasp of all issues, his great intellect quietly and effectively applied, his ability to stay above the political fray and consider issues objectively, his personal graciousness and his integrity, have earned this U.S. Senator from New Mexico worldwide respect. That he has, over time, reached the conclusion that nuclear energy must play a great role in the future peace and welfare of our world resounds around the globe, even in unexpected quarters. That he shows the personal and political courage to champion his vision should earn the undying gratitude of the international community. Thank you, Senator. -- Anne Lauvergeon, chairman of the executive board, AREVA; Chairman and CEO, COGEMAA thoughtful and enjoyable book by the Senate's leading energy expert. A Brighter Tomorrow makes a compelling case that nuclear power (along with renewables and coal) must be one of the main energy sources for the planet by the end of the century. It tells a fascinating story of how we came to where we are, including all the mistakes along the way, and why and how to move ahead. Highly recommended. -- Burton Richter, Ph.D., professor at Stanford University and Nobel LaureateA Brighter Tomorrow manifests the passions and dream that Senator Pete Domenici has developed over the past decades concerning the role nuclear power must play in securing a sustainable energy future for the U.S. and indeed the world. The book is certain to help broaden the horizon of not only American people, but also the public in Japan, where utilization of nuclear energy is being actively promoted for peaceful purposes. I sincerely hope that this book will reach as many readers in the world as possible. -- Youichi Fuji-ie, Former Chairman at the Japan Atomic Energy Commission and Professor Emeritus at Tokyo Institute of TechnologySenator Pete Domenici, a public servant/leader of the highest caliber, has written A Brighter Tomorrow as an act of conscience. He is compelled to make the public understand that future generations of people on earth can have a good and healthy quality of life only if they have a safe, secure, clean, and affordable supply of energy. He brings together scientific fact, technological analysis, public policy reality, legislative experience, and intelligent vision to argue compellingly that nuclear energy is an indispensable element of that supply, and that we had better get on with the task of developing it. Domenici neither shies away nor pulls his punches in addressing the tough issues of waste disposal, nuclear proliferation, and regulatory policy. Anyone who feels responsibility toward future generations, or who cares about the earth's environment, must read this important book. -- Charles M. Vest, President, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyPete strongly believes, as he writes, 'that nuclear energy, appropriately designed to avoid proliferation concerns and to operate safely, can play a major role in energizing the rest of the world.' If you want to understand these issues—agree or not—you have to hear out this outstanding senate leader. He has mastered the details, studied the obstacles, and dedicated his career to moving them safely out of the way. -- Senator Sam Nunn, from the forewordA staunch supporter of nuclear energy, Domenici describes his path to becoming a believer and criticizes the politicians and leaders who he says have stood in the way of progress. * Nuclearfuel *Domenici builds the case for a nuclear power comeback. -- James W. Brosnan * Red Deer Advocate *U.S. Pete Domenici, R-N.M., delivers a strong case for increased reliance on nuclear energy. * Forth Worth Star *Senator Domenici takes a proactive look at enery resources and presents the case that nuclear power must be a major contributor. * City Life *...sound and compelling...thoughtful, passionately written...Highly recommended. -- A. M. Strauss, Vanderbilt University * CHOICE *Domenici is refreshingly straightforward....It is refreshing to see a U.S. Senator take the risk of such strong public advocacy for nuclear power. Domenici has cemented his position as a nuclear statesman ranking with such historical bipartisan political figures from the early days of nuclear energy as Reps Chet Holifield and Craig Hosmer. -- John Zink * Power Engineering *This thoughtful, passionately written book should be read by anyone seeking to be well informed about the broad range of energy issues that our nation now confronts. Summing Up: Highly Recommended. All levels. -- A. M. Strauss, Vanderbilt University * CHOICE *This book is... full of important information about nuclear power, as well as some interesting history on the Republican senator's path to power. -- Michael Coleman * Sunday Journal *Table of ContentsPart 1 Foreword Part 2 Preface Part 3 Acknowledgements Chapter 4 My Vision—Reinvigorating Atoms For Peace Chapter 5 The Road to Leadership Chapter 6 The Energy Highway Chapter 7 Nuclear Power in the World Today Chapter 8 Regulatory Road Blocks to Nuclear Power Chapter 9 Uranium Resource Issues Chapter 10 Revitalizing the U.S. Nuclear Infrastructure and Workforce Chapter 11 Dealing with Nuclear Proliferation Effectively Chapter 12 The Waste Disposal Conundrum Chapter 13 The Case for Nuclear Power Chapter 14 Roadmap for the Future Part 15 Epilogue Part 16 Appendice A: The New Nuclear Paradigm Speech Part 17 Appendice B: Atoms for Peace - 50th Anniversary Part 18 Appendice C: Key Nonproliferation Events During Senate Tenure Part 19 Index

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Book SynopsisThe electricity industry, one of the largest and most vital sectors of the US economy, has changed dramatically over years. This book explores the difficult questions surrounding deregulation and urges Americans to continue the transition to a market-based model.Trade ReviewThe excellent book Electric Choices describes the promises of electricity deregulation, the mistakes made in the past, and the path to workable competition in this industry. Highly recommended. -- Richard J. Gilbert, former U.S. Deputy Assistant Attorney GeneralThis excellent book provides an agenda out of the impasse in which the U.S. has found itself following the California energy debacle and the wider crisis in electric power. Electric Choices is a must read. -- Pablo T. Spiller, Professor of Business and Technology, University of California, BerkeleyElectric Choices should be mandatory reading for anyone interested in the electricity industry, and who wants to learn from the mistakes California made. These leading experts explain why and how well-run markets are the best deal electricity customers are going to find. -- G. Mitchell Wilk, former President, California Public Utilities CommissionElectric Choices is a superb book that addresses what we have learned from restructuring experiences to date and presents important methods from economics with which to analyze these basic questions. -- Peter Cramton, Professor of Economics, University of MarylandElectric Choices provides theoretical, experimental, and empirical support for forging ahead to achieve efficiencies that will not come about in a regulated environment where utilities expect to recover their costs plus profit and have few incentives to respond energetically to customer demand. This book will move the reader beyond the electricity-restructuring impasse in the aftermath of the California debacle and the Northeast Blackout to find areas where deregulation is likely to be desirable. -- Peter M. Schwarz, Global Institute of Energy and Environmental Systems, University of North Carolina at CharlotteElectric Choices is a first-rate book featuring some of the nation's leading energy analysts and belongs on the bookshelf of every scholar, policy wonk, and utility executive. -- Ahmad Faruqui, principal, The Brattle GroupThis collection by leading authorities on electricity industry restructuring should be valuable reading for those interested in learning from previous successes and failures in this important area of public policy. It contains both broader analytical pieces and case studies in the U.S. and abroad. The papers provide not only specific policy reforms but also methods by which to design and evaluate them. The coverage is broad, including creation of pricing innovations, demand-side behavior, the role of coordinating agents, investment decisions, distributed generation, and reliability. The volume should be of interest to analysts, business managers in a variety of industries, electricity customers, and public-policy makers. I recommend this book to all those interested in exploring both the larger issues and the subtleties of the topic, no matter which side of the policy debate they favor. -- Adam Rose, Professor of Energy, Environmental and Regional Economics, Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State UniversityThis insightful work covers the major challenges still facing electricity restructuring, showing both the dangers and possibilities associated with regulatory change. Its breadth is impressive, as there are contributions on such diverse topics as market design, wholesale market power, transmission investment, system reliability, demand-side management, and the role of distributed generation. -- James D. Reitzes, Principal, The Brattle GroupContributors to this volume are of high qualtiy and offer signicant insight into the way forward in the electric utility industry. This publication should be of interest to scholars, utility executives, and policy makers. Highly recommended. * CHOICE *Table of ContentsChapter 1 1 Introduction Chapter 2 2 Can Electricity Restructuring Survive? Lessons from California and Pennsylvania Chapter 3 3 The Role of Retail Pricing in Electricity Restructuring Chapter 4 4 Using Experiments to Inform the Privatization/Deregulation Movement in Electricity Chapter 5 5 The Alberta Experience Chapter 6 6 Transactions Costs and the Organization of Coordination Activities in Power Markets Chapter 7 7 Market-Based Transmission Investments and Competitive Electricity Markets Chapter 8 8 Checking for Market Power in Electricity: The Perils of Price-Cost Margins Chapter 9 9 The Role of Distributed Energy Resources in a Restructured Power Industry Chapter 10 10 Blackout Economics

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