Developmental biology Books

Book SynopsisSHORTLISTED FOR THE ROYAL SOCIETY SCIENCE BOOK PRIZE AN INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER'Refreshingly clear'Sunday Times'A hugely enjoyable slice of popular science'Daily Mail__________ A journey from the farthest reaches of the globe to the most cutting-edge research to explore everything the natural world and science have to offer on the mystery of ageing.From the backwards-ageing jellyfish to the woman who successfully edited her own DNA, biologist Nicklas Brendborg follows the thread of every experiment, story and myth in search of immortality. With mind-bending discoveries and physiological gifts that feel closer to magic than reality, Jelly­fish Age Backwards will reshape everything you thought you knew about ageing - and reveal nature's secrets to unlocking your own longevity.Trade ReviewIn a field characterised by overclaiming and wishful thinking, it is judicious, sensible and refreshingly clear. And fascinating. * Sunday Times *Nicklas Brendborg takes us on a whistle-stop tour of the science of ageing... he navigates this bustling discipline with graceful clarity, dispelling common myths along the way. * New Scientist *A hugely enjoyable slice of popular science, full of memorable facts and sound advice. * Daily Mail *Some species are effectively immortal, others induce suspended animation, others age backwards. And all humans do is senesce, so that everything from our minds down to each cell becomes more fragile and less resilient. Nicklas Brendborg accessibly guides the non-scientist through the science of aging and what's known about making it slower and gentler (along with judiciously debunking the ample pseudo-science). All written with a fun, appealing voice, making for a surprisingly upbeat read. -- Dr Robert Sapolsky, bestselling author of BEHAVEThis book will make readers marvel at the possibilities held by scientific discovery, and most of all at nature * Nature Aging *I loved it. Bursting with insight and fabulous facts. The brain boost it gives you is enough to make you feel ten years younger on its own! -- Matt Warren, editor of The ConversationBrendborg explores what could be a complicated and heavy subject so intriguingly, funnily and in such an accessible manner, that the end result is something that even traditionally fiction readers would enjoy. * Publishing Post *Clear and fascinating * The Sunday Times, Best Summer Reads *A highly-entertaining journey through the science of longevity. Why we age, and what we can do about it, explained in a clear and captivating way. A wonderful book * Dr Kris Verbugh, Author of The Longevity Code *Aging can be delayed, prevented, and even reversed in several examples. Brendborg's book is storytelling that spans history and science, goes from nature to the laboratories, and discusses how we got here, what the future is and where we are going. Nicklas is young enough to grasp the details and connectivity yet mature enough to practice wisdom and manage expectations like a true geroscientist * Dr Nir Barzilai, author of Age Later *

Read more less

Book Synopsis‘Intimate and thoughtful… Exciting… [A] sweeping evolutionary history.’ Science The author of the bestselling Your Inner Fish gives us a brilliant, up-to-date account of the great transformations in the history of life on Earth. This is a story full of surprises. If you think that feathers arose to help animals fly, or lungs to help them walk on land, you’d be in good company. You’d also be entirely wrong. Neil Shubin delves deep into the mystery of life, the ongoing revolutions in our understanding of how we got here, and brings us closer to answering one of the great questions – was life on earth inevitable…or was it all an accident?Trade Review‘Neil Shubin’s book is one that completely changed my understanding of evolution… The things I learned from this book stayed with me – I’m still dropping facts into conversation.’ * BBC Science Focus, BOOK OF THE YEAR *‘Neil Shubin shows himself to be a natural storyteller and a gifted scientific communicator.’ * Wall Street Journal *‘A rollicking ride…light of touch, anecdote-rich and funny, and yet…still feels satisfyingly informative... What’s not to love?’ -- Dr Tori Herridge, BBC Wildlife'Neil Shubin provides an up-to-date and utterly engrossing account of the latest thinking on the great transformations in evolution… Frequently funny and always eloquent, Shubin’s power as a science communicator is to make you fall in love with evolutionary biology all over again.’ -- Leon Vlieger * The Inquisitive Biologist *'Neil Shubin is one of the most accomplished writers on evolution and the history of life, and this book is a worthy successor to its predecessors.' -- Richard Fortey, author of Life, The Earth and Fossils'Another winner from Dr. Shubin, who skillfully and thoughtfully steers us through the incredibly fascinating world of DNA and fossils. Dr. Shubin’s clear and engaging writing rewards us with a deeper understanding of how all life on our planet is interconnected. Steeped in the paradigm of evolutionary theory, he inspires us to think more deeply about our connectedness with the natural world. Charles Darwin would applaud Dr. Shubin’s clear explanations and insightful rendering of the incontrovertible evidence for the evolution of all life on planet Earth.' -- Donald Johanson, paleoanthropologist and discoverer of LUCY‘A welcome new exploration of the evolution of human and animal life on Earth… Shubin explores it with his characteristic enthusiasm and clarity… A fascinating wild ride through the mechanics of evolution.’ -- Kirkus (starred review)'Neil Shubin has been one of my favourite science communicators ever since I took his undergraduate anatomy course. In this ambitious and readable book, Shubin blends his own research, epic tales from the history of science, and the latest discoveries in palaeontology and genetics to tackle some of the biggest mysteries of evolution. This is an engrossing account from a scientific storyteller at the height of his talents.' -- Steve Brusatte, University of Edinburgh palaeontologist and author of The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs‘Shubin’s … exhilarating excursion into the ways of evolution… Shubin isn’t the most prolific popular-science writer, but he is one of the best.’ -- Booklist (starred review)‘Enjoyable… Eloquent… This superb primer brings the intellectual excitement of the scientific endeavor to life in a way that both educates and entertains.’ * Publishers Weekly (starred review) *'Through tales of remarkable creatures, and some even more remarkable people who study them, Neil Shubin unravels the mystery at the heart of evolution — how nature invents. From bacteria to brains, fish lungs to ballistic salamander tongues, Shubin decodes the surprising origins of the marvelous gadgets that have driven the riot of life’s diversity.' -- Sean B. Carroll, author of The Serengeti Rules and Brave Genius

Read more less

Book SynopsisConsciousness, ''the last great mystery for science'', remains a hot topic. How can a physical brain create our experience of the world? What creates our identity? Do we really have free will? Could consciousness itself be an illusion? Exciting new developments in brain science are continuing the debates on these issues, and the field has now expanded to include biologists, neuroscientists, psychologists, and philosophers. This controversial book clarifies the potentially confusing arguments, and the major theories, whilst also outlining the amazing pace of discoveries in neuroscience. Covering areas such as the construction of self in the brain, mechanisms of attention, the neural correlates of consciousness, and the physiology of altered states of consciousness, Susan Blackmore highlights our latest findings.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewFascinating. * Jonathan Cowie, Science Fact & Science Fiction Concatenation *Table of ContentsREFERENCES; FURTHER READING; INDEX

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe scientist who has been dubbed the “Father of Intelligent Design” and author of the groundbreaking book Darwin’s Black Box contends that recent scientific discoveries further disprove Darwinism and strengthen the case for an intelligent creator. In his controversial bestseller Darwin’s Black Box, biochemist Michael Behe challenged Darwin’s theory of evolution, arguing that science itself has proven that intelligent design is a better explanation for the origin of life. In Darwin Devolves, Behe advances his argument, presenting new research that offers a startling reconsideration of how Darwin’s mechanism works, weakening the theory’s validity even more. A system of natural selection acting on random mutation, evolution can help make something look and act differently. But evolution never creates something organically. Behe contends that Darwinism actually works by a process of devolution—d

Read more less

Book SynopsisWritten primarily for 16-19-year-old students, this primer introduces the subject of developmental biology through a wide range of organisms, offering insights into the fundamental principles that shape life''s diverse and extraordinary forms. It covers all the essential topics, including cell biology, cell signalling, cell specialization, genomic control of development, evidence for evolution, and cell ageing and death.The author guides students carefully and gradually through the concise contents, providing a robust basis for understanding the molecular and morphological events that occur during embryo development, but that are also important in adult homeostasis, regeneration, and disease. Students will delve into the secrets of stem cells, the marvels of regeneration, and the paradox of how a broadly conserved genome can support the biodiversity we see throughout the natural world. Engaging case studies and ''scientific approach'' boxes challenge the reader to think critically and Table of Contents1: Why aren't we all worms? 2: How and why do cells talk to each other? 3: The secret lives of stem cells 4: Embryo origami 5: Creating diverse and extreme body plans 6: The good, the bad, and the old: developmental principles in regeneration and ageing

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"An Economist Book of the Year""A thought-provoking read."---Jerry Coyne, Washington Post"The ultimate claim of The Genetic Lottery is an extraordinarily ambitious act of moral entrepreneurialism. Harden argues that an appreciation of the role of simple genetic luck—alongside all the other arbitrary lotteries of birth—will make us, as a society, more inclined to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to enjoy lives of dignity and comfort."---Gideon Lewis-Kraus, The New Yorker"A book that is closely argued and packed with compelling scientific and statistical evidence. . . . This is a fascinating and detailed discussion of how genetic and environmental factors are braided together in all of us, shaping our destinies for good or ill. Harden’s ideas challenge existing orthodoxies, and she is also aware that complex research such as this is often misused. But her passionate commitment to tackling inequality and changing society is not to be doubted."---P. D. Smith, The Guardian"The Genetic Lottery is one of the most thought-provoking books I've read this year."---Dan Falk, CBC Radio"The Genetic Lottery is a good read, peppered with relatable stories and examples. Harden pulls off the trick of simultaneously introducing a technical field to newcomers; addressing deep, specialist debates; and taking seriously the intersection of scientific and philosophical analyses of inequality."---Aaron Panofsky, Science"Harden diligently fights a desperate battle to enlist science to serve progressive social reform." * Kirkus Reviews *"[An] outstanding new book. . . . It’s scientifically spot on, historically adroit, and excellently written. Required reading."---Adam Rutherford"While acknowledging the roles our environment and experiences play in shaping our lives, Harden makes the case that social scientists who want to address the roots of inequality must reckon with genetics. . . . The more researchers understand about the myriad factors that influence how our lives turn out, the more they can help improve outcomes for everyone. Genetics is one of those factors, Harden argues: when we ignore it, the most vulnerable suffer."---Jennifer Latson, Texas Monthly"A welcome resource for scholars and policy makers who want to advocate for and initiate equitable social changes with the help of reliable, expert knowledge."---J. F. Heberle, Choice"An engagingly written and highly accessible account of how genes shape our lives. . . . [The Genetic Lottery] richly merits the widespread attention it has received."---Robert H. Frank, Administrative Science Quarterly"[Harden] is a beautiful writer, weaving together personal narrative and complex technical concepts skillfully. Her writing is accessible to nonexperts, and the argument she makes—that it is both valuable and politically progressive for researchers of social outcomes to study DNA—is provocative. With this argument, The Genetic Lottery invites a necessary debate."---Daphne Oluwaseun Martschenko, Hastings Center Report"One of the most impressive things about [The Genetic Lottery] is Harden’s crystal-clear exposition of complex scientific research and methods. This alone is a gift to the public and every scientist should be grateful to her for helping the public understand genomic research and causal inference."---Jonathan T. Rothwell, Rothwell's Newsletter"Kathryn Paige Harden's The Genetic Lottery is both a novel contribution to this set and a novel kind of contribution, in that she does something much of the rest of this work does not: take a definite position on the political and social implications of behavioral genetics. . . . The book is a masterly tour of the state of the art of behavioral genetics and its relevance for pressing social questions."---Bryan Cwik, Bioethics"In creating a new synthesis that neither ignores the role of genetics nor misappropriates it, Harden acknowledges the importance the genetic lottery plays in shaping our life outcomes, while cautioning against misinterpreting the genetically laden differences among people as implying inborn, societal superiority. Harden examines the nascent field of behavioral genetics in an intellectually humble way, by detailing in lay terms the science of genetics and its applicability to differential life outcomes among people, and by incorporating this knowledge to advance social policies and social considerations that limit inequities."---Mark Rapala, International Social Science Review"Harden has illuminated a path forward free of racial bias and 'superior-inferior' dichotomies to build on seeking applications for greater social equality."---E. B. Boatner, Lavender Magazine"Kathryn Paige Harden has been waging a noble battle to liberate genetic science from its reactionary connotations, and especially the foul practice of eugenics. Her point, pithily made in this important book, is that knowledge of genetics is essential to any progressive politics and can be harnessed to advance the cause of equality."---Matt d’Ancona, Tortoise ​​​​​​​

Read more less

Book SynopsisNamed A Best Book of the Year by World MagazineThroughout his distinguished and unconventional career, engineer-turned-molecular-biologist Douglas Axe has been asking the questions that much of the scientific community would rather silence. Now, he presents his conclusions in this brave and pioneering book. Axe argues that the key to understanding our origin is the “design intuition”—the innate belief held by all humans that tasks we would need knowledge to accomplish can only be accomplished by someone who has that knowledge. For the ingenious task of inventing life, this knower can only be God.Starting with the hallowed halls of academic science, Axe dismantles the widespread belief that Darwin’s theory of evolution is indisputably true, showing instead that a gaping hole has been at its center from the beginning. He then explains in plain English the science that proves our design intuition scientifically valid. Last

Read more less

Book SynopsisHow can something as complex as a human body create itself from a single fertilized egg? Drawing on ideas from physics and network theory as well as genetics and embryology, Jamie Davies describes the fascinating picture emerging from the latest research, in which complexity builds up through 'adaptive self-organization'.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition A demanding but wonder-filled account of the simple interactions that create complex structures * New Scientist *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements ; Ethical Statement ; Introduction ; 1. Confronting an alien technology ; 2. From one cell to many ; 3. Making a difference ; 4. Laying down a body plan ; 5. Beginning a brain ; 6. Long division ; 7. Fateful conversations ; 8. Great migrations ; 9. Plumbing ; 10. Organizing organs ; 11. Taking up arms ; 12. The Y and how ; 13. Wired ; 14. Dying to be human ; 15. Making your mind up ; 16. A sense of proportion ; 17. Making friends and facing enemies ; 18. Maintenance mode ; 19. Perspectives ; Glossary ; Further reading ; References

Read more less

Book SynopsisTurning conventional thinking about gender differences on its head, Lise Eliot issues a call to close the troubling gaps between boys and girls and help all children reach their fullest potential. Drawing on years of exhaustive research and her own work in the field of neuroplasticity, Eliot argues that infant brains are so malleable that small differences at birth become amplified over time as parents, teachers, and the culture at large unwittingly reinforce gender stereotypes. Indicating points of intervention where social pressures can be minimised, she offers concrete solutions for helping everyone grow into wellrounded individuals.Trade Review“A refreshingly reasonable and reassuring look at recent alarming studies about sex differences in determining the behavior of children … Eliot's work demonstrates a remarkable clarity of purpose.” * Publishers Weekly *“This is an important book and highly recommended for parents, teachers, and anyone who works with children.” * Library Journal *"Read her masterful book and you'll never view the sex-differences debate the same way again." * Newsweek *"This meticulous book should challenge everyone's assumption about the role of sex and gender." Sue Blackmore * BBC Focus *“Gender is strongly affected by environment and stereotyping after all, [Eliot] maintains in this absorbing book.” * The Bookseller *"A passionate plea for all of us to look beyond the confines of the pink/blue tyranny of childhood... To use the latest brain science to maximise outcomes for both genders, to the greater glorification of both." * Culture (supplement to the Sunday Times) *"Read her masterful book and you'll never view the sex-differences debate the same way again." * Newsweek *“A refreshingly reasonable and reassuring look at recent alarming studies about sex differences in determining the behavior of children … Eliot's work demonstrates a remarkable clarity of purpose.” * Publishers Weekly *“This is an important book and highly recommended for parents, teachers, and anyone who works with children.” * Library Journal *"[a] sharp, information-packed, and worderfully readable book" * Mother Jones *10 out of 10 review: "it is difficult to see how Pink Brain, Blue Brain can become anything other than the definitive text on sex differences." * The Times Higher Educational Supplement *"She tells her story authoritatively but modestly, with frequent references to her experience as a mother, and illuminates a very accessible pathway through the science." Marek Kohn * The Independent *"She tells her story authoritatively but modestly, with frequent references to her experience as a mother, and illuminates a very accessible pathway through the science." Marek Kohn * The Independent *10 out of 10 review: "it is difficult to see how Pink Brain, Blue Brain can become anything other than the definitive text on sex differences." * The Times Higher Educational Supplement *

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe goal of this primer is to raise awareness, knowledge and understanding amongst 16-19-year-old students of climate-linked changes in nature and biodiversity affecting the plants and animals in our seas, coastlines, lakes and terrestrial habitats. It demonstrates how a substantial array of biological observations, research experiments and models provide confidence in the accuracy and validity of current and future predictions. All levels of biological organisation from individual organisms to ecosystems are being influenced and changes are projected to increase in coming decades. However, much remains to be discovered and this primer highlights potential future roles for 16-19 students -- from volunteers to career researchers - through which they can help in transforming and mitigating future impacts.Digital formats and resourcesThe book is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources: The e-book offers a mobile-com

Read more less

Book SynopsisSignalling within and between cells is one of the most important aspects of modern biochemistry and cell biology. An understanding of signalling pathways is vital to a wide range of biologists, from those who are investigating the causes of cancer, to those who are concerned about the impact of environmental pollutants on the ecosystem. The way cells adapt to changing environments, and the way cell dysfunction causes disease, is underpinned by cell signalling events. Cell Signalling presents a carefully structured and highly accessible introduction to this intricate and rapidly growing field. Starting with an overview of cell signalling and highlighting its importance in many biological systems, the book goes on to explore the key components of extracellular and intracellular signalling mechanisms, before examining how these components come together to create signalling pathways. A focus on common components and concepts, rather than mechanistic detail, allows the reader to gain a thorough understanding of the principles that underpin cell signalling. Online Resource CentreThe Online Resource Centre to accompany Cell Signalling features:For students:- Links to useful websitesFor registered adopters of the text:- Journal Clubs: suggested research papers and discussion questions linked to topics featured in the book- Figures from the book in electronic format for use in lecturesTrade ReviewA good overview of the key underlying concepts and principles, allowing students to gain a solid grounding in the subject. I like the Case Study sections which link to research findings; these provide relevant context and help students to understand the key message in complex scientific articles. * Dr Andrew Chantry, University of East Anglia *It is really the best specialist text for undergraduates on this topic I have seen. * Dr Fergus Doherty, University of Nottingham *Review from previous edition: John Hancock's Cell Signalling is a straightforward introduction to a rapidly expanding field of biology. Its unintimidating writing style, simple and uncluttered figures, and competitive price make it a wonderful introductory text for undergraduates. * Dr Laura K. Palmer, Penn State University *Review from previous edition: Complexity and specificity are the hallmarks of cell signalling, yet Hancock in this third edition has gone a long way to simplify these complicated processes. His signalling examples are clever and well-conceived, his writing descriptive and his passion for his subject infectious ... this is marvellous value for money and is a worthy companion to an undergraduate/postgraduate reference library. * John P. Phelan, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland in The Biochemist *Table of ContentsPART 1: AN OVERVIEW OF SIGNALLING; PART 2: COMPONENTS THAT COMPRISE SIGNALLING PATHWAYS; PART 3: SELECTED EXAMPLES OF SIGNALLING PATHWAYS AND EVENTS; PART 4: FINAL THOUGHTS

Read more less

Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. DNA damage quantification by the COMET assay Mathias Weyland 2. Immunofluorescence microscopy-assisted quantification of ATM and ATR activation in irradiated cells Ilio Vitale 3. Immunoblotting-based characterization of the DNA damage response Ilio Vitale 4. Assessment of lipid peroxidation in irradiated cells Boyi Gan, Chao Mao, Amber Horbath and Guang Lei 5. A simple method to assess clonogenic survival of irradiated cancer cells Maria Esperanza Rodriguez Ruiz 6. Quantification of beta-galactosidase activity as a marker of radiation-driven cellular senescence Giulia Petroni 7. Cytofluorometric assessment of cell cycle progression in irradiated cells Giulia Petroni, Ai Sato, Aitziber Buqué Martínez and Lorenzo Galluzzi 8. Assessment of transcription inhibition as a characteristic of immunogenic cell death Guido Kroemer, Oliver Kepp, Giulia Cerrato and Allan Sauvat 9. Assessment of eIF2a phosphorylation during immunogenic cell death Guido Kroemer, Oliver Kepp and Lucillia Bezu 10. Quantification of cytosolic DNA species by immunofluorescence and automated image analysis Lorenzo Galluzzi 11. Flow cytometry-assisted quantification of CALR exposure during immunogenic cell death Jitka Fucikova 12. Interference of immunogenic anticancer therapy by artificially controlled calreticulin secretion from tumor cells Guido Kroemer, Oliver Kepp, Peng LIU and Liwei Zhao 13. Assessment of type I interferon responses as a feature of immunogenic cell death. Guido Kroemer, Oliver Kepp, Sabrina Forveille, Allan Sauvat and Liwei Zhao 14. Assessment of immunological memory formation in vivo Guido Kroemer, Oliver Kepp, Liwei Zhao and Peng LIU 15. Characterization of the SASP of cancer cells experiencing DNA damage Francis Rodier 16. ELISA-based quantification of type I IFN secretion by irradiated cancer cells Claire I. Vanpouille-Box 17. RT-PCR-assisted quantification of type I IFN responses by irradiated cancer cells Lorenzo Galluzzi 18. Methods to characterize the exosomal output of irradiated cancer cells Sheila Spada 19. Cytofluorometric assessment of acute cell death responses driven by radiation therapy Lorenzo Galluzzi

Read more less

Book SynopsisHealth and welfare issues of brachycephalic (flat-faced) animals are one of the most pressing problems facing companion animals right now. Dogs, in particular, are suffering from a brachycephalic crisis' resulting from a perfect storm where predispositions to an array of health issues are amplified by a population boom for certain brachycephalic breeds such as the French Bulldog and Pug. But yet, for many owners, these dogs represent the perfect companion: endearing personas and cute looks in a socially desirable package. So where is the truth in all of this? This book will equip veterinary professionals, animal welfare scientists, breeders and owners with the fuller story about brachycephalic health and welfare. The first half of the book provides the context of how and why we are in this crisis, offering in-depth historical, social, ethical, communication, nursing, welfare, epidemiological, genetics and international perspectives. The second half shifts towards the clTrade ReviewThere is absolutely no doubt that the collective expertise that this book brings to the reader is immense. If you are facing clinical issues in these patients — notably dogs — as so many vets and nurses are worldwide, then I doubt you could come up with a question or scenario that isn’t covered in an in-depth and comprehensive way from ophthalmology and neurology, to BOAS surgery, to GI and dermatological issues. So many of us talk about BOAS and so much CPD is dedicated to it but it’s great to have a book that acknowledges the multitude of diseases that these animals suffer besides their respiratory difficulties. Anyone questioning whether it is morally wrong to continue the breeding of these animals would be hard pushed to argue with this weight of evidence I think. And, for me, this is where the book is really excellent — the first half, diplomatically entitled Wider viewpoints, really is a wonderful ethical discussion around the whole issue that had me immersed from the start. We need the clinical education but we, very much, also need to consider the deeper issues, which this book certainly does. Rowena and Dan should be rightly proud of this work and the outstanding expertise they have gathered to bring it together. Whether we like the status quo or not, this book is an essential and invaluable resource for anyone working with these animals or interested in the wider ethics of such extreme conformation.- Emma Milne, Veterinary Surgeon, in UFAW's Animal Welfare journal, Volume 31, Issue 2, May 2022The conundrum of flat-faced pets is that people love them despite – and sometimes because of – the features that may cause health issues. At a time of heightened concern about the welfare and popularity of brachycephalic breeds, this comprehensive volume brings together the world’s experts to consider the history, human psychology, ethics, genetics, and veterinary aspects of caring for them. Surprising, thoughtful, and practical, this book is essential reading for anyone who cares about animal welfare.- Zazie Todd, PhD, Canisius College, Companion Animal Psychology websiteFinally. A much-needed, comprehensive, science-based look at flat-faced dogs--how they came to be and how we can, and must, improve their wellbeing. This is an essential book for veterinary professionals and dog owners alike. -- Mia Cobb, PhD, and Julie Hecht, MSc, of Do You Believe in Dog?Health and Welfare of Brachycephalic Companion Animals is an excellent and unique resource for all veterinary professionals working with these breeds. As the popularity of these dogs continues to increase, this book provides a detailed exploration of the history of the breeds, the unique nature of owner/ patient relationships and the genetics and ethics of breeding. The second part of the book is dedicated to discussion of the management of the wide range of conformational abnormalities which occur frequently in these breeds. Having all this information gathered together in to a single text will be an invaluable source for reference both in and out of the clinic.-- Rachel Hattersley, BVetMed(Hons), CertSAS, DECVS, MRCVS, Specialist in Soft Tissue Surgery, Dick White Referrals Ltd This book is a vital tool for both veterinary and animal welfare professionals, as well as those simply looking to be better informed. It provides the reader with a broad understanding of the complex drivers and consequences of breeding companion animals for brachycephalic features. Most importantly, it also proposes integrated mechanisms for management and change of what continues to be a contentious and intractable problem.-- Mark J Farnworth PhD., Associate Professor (Animal Welfare), Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, UKThere is absolutely no doubt that the collective expertise that this book brings to the reader is immense. If you are facing clinical issues in these patients — notably dogs — as so many vets and nurses are worldwide, then I doubt you could come up with a question or scenario that isn’t covered in an in-depth and comprehensive way from ophthalmology and neurology, to BOAS surgery, to GI and dermatological issues. So many of us talk about BOAS and so much CPD is dedicated to it but it’s great to have a book that acknowledges the multitude of diseases that these animals suffer besides their respiratory difficulties. Anyone questioning whether it is morally wrong to continue the breeding of these animals would be hard pushed to argue with this weight of evidence I think. And, for me, this is where the book is really excellent — the first half, diplomatically entitled Wider viewpoints, really is a wonderful ethical discussion around the whole issue that had me immersed from the start. We need the clinical education but we, very much, also need to consider the deeper issues, which this book certainly does. Rowena and Dan should be rightly proud of this work and the outstanding expertise they have gathered to bring it together. Whether we like the status quo or not, this book is an essential and invaluable resource for anyone working with these animals or interested in the wider ethics of such extreme conformation.- Emma Milne, Veterinary Surgeon, in UFAW's Animal Welfare journal, Volume 31, Issue 2, May 2022The conundrum of flat-faced pets is that people love them despite – and sometimes because of – the features that may cause health issues. At a time of heightened concern about the welfare and popularity of brachycephalic breeds, this comprehensive volume brings together the world’s experts to consider the history, human psychology, ethics, genetics, and veterinary aspects of caring for them. Surprising, thoughtful, and practical, this book is essential reading for anyone who cares about animal welfare.- Zazie Todd, PhD, Canisius College, Companion Animal Psychology websiteFinally. A much-needed, comprehensive, science-based look at flat-faced dogs--how they came to be and how we can, and must, improve their wellbeing. This is an essential book for veterinary professionals and dog owners alike. -- Mia Cobb, PhD, and Julie Hecht, MSc, of Do You Believe in Dog?This book is a vital tool for both veterinary and animal welfare professionals, as well as those simply looking to be better informed. It provides the reader with a broad understanding of the complex drivers and consequences of breeding companion animals for brachycephalic features. Most importantly, it also proposes integrated mechanisms for management and change of what continues to be a contentious and intractable problem.-- Mark J Farnworth PhD., Associate Professor (Animal Welfare), Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, UKHealth and Welfare of Brachycephalic Companion Animals is an excellent and unique resource for all veterinary professionals working with these breeds. As the popularity of these dogs continues to increase, this book provides a detailed exploration of the history of the breeds, the unique nature of owner/ patient relationships and the genetics and ethics of breeding. The second part of the book is dedicated to discussion of the management of the wide range of conformational abnormalities which occur frequently in these breeds. Having all this information gathered together in to a single text will be an invaluable source for reference both in and out of the clinic.-- Rachel Hattersley, BVetMed(Hons), CertSAS, DECVS, MRCVS, Specialist in Soft Tissue Surgery, Dick White Referrals LtdTable of Contents1. Introduction: The brachycephalic boom – where are we now and how have we got here? Part 1 Wider viewpoints 2. A historical perspective of brachycephalic breed health and the role of the veterinary profession. 3. Human factors. 4. Ethical challenges of treating brachycephalic dogs. 5. Discussing brachycephalic health with current and prospective dog owners. 6. Nurses and the brachycephalic patient – practical considerations and the role of veterinary nurses in improving brachycephalic health. 7. The epidemiology of brachycephaly – prevalence and risk factors of common disorders, and implications of changing demographics. 8. The genetics of brachycephaly, population genetics and current health testing for brachycephalic breeds. 9. International and national approaches to brachycephalic breed health reforms. Part 2 Clinical viewpoints. 10. Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS) – Clinical assessment and decision making. 11. Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome - surgical management and post-operative management. 12. Ophthalmology in practice for brachycephalic breeds. 13. Dermatological problems in the brachycephalic patient. 14. Dental and Oral Health for the Brachycephalic Companion Animal. 15. Brain disorders associated with brachycephaly. 16. Vertebral malformations and spinal disease in brachycephalic breeds. 17. Obesity and weight management of brachycephalic breeds. 18. Reproduction in brachycephalic companion animal species. 19. Anaesthesia for the brachycephalic patient. 20. Conclusion: Can a brachycephalic dog be a healthy dog, and how do we achieve this?

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"An Economist Book of the Year""A thought-provoking read."---Jerry Coyne, Washington Post"The ultimate claim of The Genetic Lottery is an extraordinarily ambitious act of moral entrepreneurialism. Harden argues that an appreciation of the role of simple genetic luck—alongside all the other arbitrary lotteries of birth—will make us, as a society, more inclined to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to enjoy lives of dignity and comfort."---Gideon Lewis-Kraus, The New Yorker"A book that is closely argued and packed with compelling scientific and statistical evidence. . . . This is a fascinating and detailed discussion of how genetic and environmental factors are braided together in all of us, shaping our destinies for good or ill. Harden’s ideas challenge existing orthodoxies, and she is also aware that complex research such as this is often misused. But her passionate commitment to tackling inequality and changing society is not to be doubted."---P. D. Smith, The Guardian"The Genetic Lottery is one of the most thought-provoking books I've read this year."---Dan Falk, CBC Radio"The Genetic Lottery is a good read, peppered with relatable stories and examples. Harden pulls off the trick of simultaneously introducing a technical field to newcomers; addressing deep, specialist debates; and taking seriously the intersection of scientific and philosophical analyses of inequality."---Aaron Panofsky, Science"Harden diligently fights a desperate battle to enlist science to serve progressive social reform." * Kirkus Reviews *"[An] outstanding new book. . . . It’s scientifically spot on, historically adroit, and excellently written. Required reading."---Adam Rutherford"While acknowledging the roles our environment and experiences play in shaping our lives, Harden makes the case that social scientists who want to address the roots of inequality must reckon with genetics. . . . The more researchers understand about the myriad factors that influence how our lives turn out, the more they can help improve outcomes for everyone. Genetics is one of those factors, Harden argues: when we ignore it, the most vulnerable suffer."---Jennifer Latson, Texas Monthly"A welcome resource for scholars and policy makers who want to advocate for and initiate equitable social changes with the help of reliable, expert knowledge."---J. F. Heberle, Choice"An engagingly written and highly accessible account of how genes shape our lives. . . . [The Genetic Lottery] richly merits the widespread attention it has received."---Robert H. Frank, Administrative Science Quarterly"[Harden] is a beautiful writer, weaving together personal narrative and complex technical concepts skillfully. Her writing is accessible to nonexperts, and the argument she makes—that it is both valuable and politically progressive for researchers of social outcomes to study DNA—is provocative. With this argument, The Genetic Lottery invites a necessary debate."---Daphne Oluwaseun Martschenko, Hastings Center Report"One of the most impressive things about [The Genetic Lottery] is Harden’s crystal-clear exposition of complex scientific research and methods. This alone is a gift to the public and every scientist should be grateful to her for helping the public understand genomic research and causal inference."---Jonathan T. Rothwell, Rothwell's Newsletter"Kathryn Paige Harden's The Genetic Lottery is both a novel contribution to this set and a novel kind of contribution, in that she does something much of the rest of this work does not: take a definite position on the political and social implications of behavioral genetics. . . . The book is a masterly tour of the state of the art of behavioral genetics and its relevance for pressing social questions."---Bryan Cwik, Bioethics"In creating a new synthesis that neither ignores the role of genetics nor misappropriates it, Harden acknowledges the importance the genetic lottery plays in shaping our life outcomes, while cautioning against misinterpreting the genetically laden differences among people as implying inborn, societal superiority. Harden examines the nascent field of behavioral genetics in an intellectually humble way, by detailing in lay terms the science of genetics and its applicability to differential life outcomes among people, and by incorporating this knowledge to advance social policies and social considerations that limit inequities."---Mark Rapala, International Social Science Review"Harden has illuminated a path forward free of racial bias and 'superior-inferior' dichotomies to build on seeking applications for greater social equality."---E. B. Boatner, Lavender Magazine"Kathryn Paige Harden has been waging a noble battle to liberate genetic science from its reactionary connotations, and especially the foul practice of eugenics. Her point, pithily made in this important book, is that knowledge of genetics is essential to any progressive politics and can be harnessed to advance the cause of equality."---Matt d’Ancona, Tortoise ​​​​​​​

Read more less

Book SynopsisHillson provides a biological context for human teeth, a guide to key skills, and an introduction to current issues. Designed to be the core textbook for courses on bioarchaeology, forensic anthropology, and palaeoanthropology, this is the definitive manual for tooth identification, variation, histology, wear, and disease.Trade Review'The field of dental anthropology has evolved rapidly since the first edition of this self-titled book, and this new edition expertly presents updated findings and technological advances across the field. Notably, it was and remains the go-to resource for the macro- and microscopic study of dental development, structure and function, including entire chapters devoted to the principal oral tissues.' Joel D. Irish, Liverpool John Moores University'I taught dental anthropology at both the graduate and undergraduate levels for 40 years and had to use three textbooks plus supplemental readings to cover the topics I wished to include: morphology, histology, growth, pathology, among others for bioarchaeological and forensic applications. Now with Hillson's Dental Anthropology I would only have to use one. Hillson challenges the teacher, student, and researcher to think in new directions and consider alternative interpretations of dental data. This book has updated illustrations; an extensive up-to-date bibliography; and further reading sections at the end of each chapter making it an ideal textbook for dental anthropology or for use by students beginning their research careers. I cannot think of a single topic dealing with teeth from an anthropological, archaeological, or forensic perspective that is not covered in Hillson's book. I wish I had all this organized information when I started my dental research as a graduate student or, even now, when students begin their own research careers.' Jerry Rose, Professor Emeritus, University of Arkansas'A well-timed fantastic revised and fully updated edition of a classic book, now including newer analytical techniques. This is an extremely useful text which will be a required staple on every bioarchaeologist's shelf. The sections on 3D morphological analysis and use of newer methods developed or made more accessible to anthropologists since the first edition are especially valuable.' Sonia Zakrzewski, University of Southampton'The new second edition of Simon Hillson's Dental Anthropology is a significant revision to the 1996 first edition and is a well-written, well-illustrated, comprehensive, treatment of the subject. Meticulously updated throughout, it reflects the many important recent advancements in the field and is at once primer, guide, textbook, and reference. Hillson's Dental Anthropology delivers in every aspect and will be an important addition to the library of anyone interested in the scientific study of teeth.' Greg Nelson, University of Oregon'The second edition is certain to become the definitive text on dental anthropology written by the leading expert in the field. Professor Hillson shares his knowledge in an accessible and absorbing manner, a style for which he is well known. The book is comprehensible to those just starting to study teeth; yet, even the most erudite dental anthropologist will come away with new knowledge from this text and will certainly turn to it regularly for reference.' Marin Pilloud, University of Nevada, Reno'This book is a journey into the fascinating and extravagant world of teeth. It is an essential starting point for the study teeth, but also a bridge to more detailed approaches. It covers a broad range of dental topics such as anatomy, morphology, histology, wear and diseases. It is an indispensable reference work for any dental researcher.' Ana Maria Silva, University of CoimbraTable of ContentsContents; List of abbreviations; Preface; 1. Dental anatomy; 2. Variation in size and shape of teeth; 3. Occlusion; 4. Sequence and timing of dental growth; 5. Dental enamel; 6. Dentine; 7. Dental cement; 8. Histological methods of age determination in adults; 9. Chemistry of dental tissues and calculus; 10. Tooth wear and modification; 11. Dental disease; Appendix A. Field and laboratory methods; Appendix B. Microscopy; Appendix C. Age estimation tables and charts for dental development; References; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. List of Species and List of Species Contents2. Skin3. Locomotory System4. Respiratory System and Circulatory System, including Lymphatics Thymus and Spleen5. Head and Sensory Systems6. Nervous System7. Body Control: Endocrine System and Peripheral Nervous System8. Digestive System9. Urinary and Genital System10. Regional Anatomy Including Developmental Anatomy11. References and Further Reading

Read more less

Book SynopsisHow does death help us understand the living? Death is more than the last event of life; it is interwoven into our growth, development, protection against disease, and more. It influences the direction of entire species via the cycle of a lifespan, and it involves asking many fascinating questions. How do we differentiate between life and death, though? How do we know when a person, animal, or cell is really dead? How much grey area is there in the science? Why do we age? Can we do anything about it? Scientifically, there''s much we can learn about a living thing from its cells. In all living things, cells seem to carry death gene programs. Some living organisms have created systems to use these to their own advantage. Humans, for example, use the death of specific cells to hone our immune system and to give us fingernails and hair. Perhaps the most dramatic use occurs during the metamorphosis of insects and frogs. Even single-celled organisms use quorum sensing to eliminate some cellsTrade ReviewThe book is valuable for its encyclopedic scope and impressive information content * Richard A. Richards, The Quarterly Review of Biology *This is an expansive, nearly encyclopedic, review of the end of life, ranging from the life and death of cells to mass extinctions of species. Death is necessary for life to continue, and Gary C. Howard discusses all major categories of organisms, from bacteria, fungi, and plants to human beings. By reading Howard's book, readers will discover aspects of life they never before appreciated. * John Mayfield, Professor Emeritus, Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University *This remarkably interesting book explores a series of fascinating questions about life and death. Why do we age and what can we do about it? Gary C. Howard approaches these questions and, most amazingly, discusses how living organisms have evolved to use selective death to their advantage. Biology uses selective cell death to refine our immune system, to give us fingers, to allow fruit to drop from trees and tadpoles to become frogs. * Eric Verdin, CEO and President, The Buck Institute for Research on Aging *Table of ContentsPreface Chapter 1: Death in Life Chapter 2: Defining Life and Death Chapter 3: What Kills Humans Chapter 4: Aging and Senescence Chapter 5: Dying Chapter 6: Ashes to Ashes and Dust to Dust Chapter 7: Genetics of Life and Death Chapter 8: Death of Cells Chapter 9: Programmed Cell Death in Humans Chapter 10: Death in Plants Chapter 11: Death in Bacteria, Fungi, and Protista Chapter 12: Death on a Grand Scale Chapter 13: Last Hominid Standing Chapter 14: Bioethics Chapter 15: Future of Death Chapter 16: Death Is More than Dying Glossary References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisExplores the possiblity and process of evolution beyond the standard and established scientific principles.Trade ReviewA World Beyond Physics, broken into short chapters and written with infectious enthusiasm and exclamation marks, is meant as an introduction to the importance of emergence in biology. * Kevin Schilbrack, Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture *makes for stimulating reading . . . [Kauffman's] prose is reader-friendly and thought-provoking . . . I highly recommend Kauffman's book to anyone interestedin the ongoing scientific enterprise to model the transition from physical to living systems. * Ragnar van der Merwe, University of Johannesburg, Metascience *This is a delightful little book that considers the classic question, "What is life?" * P. K. Strother, CHOICE *A World Beyond Physics is a well-written and thought provoking book. It should prove a worthwhile read for anyone with an undergraduate knowledge of biology and physics who is interested in amore philosophical take on the origins, complexities, and evolution of life. * Rebekah Hall, Mathematical & Statistical Sciences and Daniel A. Charlebois, Physics, University of Alberta, The Quarterly Review of Biology *For persons with the requisite scientific background, the book will be very rewarding to read...The book has many applications to the science and theology interchange... * Jay R. Feierman, European Society for the Study of Science and Theology News and Reviews *Table of ContentsPROLOGUE CHAPTER 1: The World Is Not a Machine CHAPTER 2: The Function of Function CHAPTER 3: Propagating Organization CHAPTER 4: Demystifying Life CHAPTER 5: How to Make a Metabolism CHAPTER 6: Protocells CHAPTER 7: Heritable Variation CHAPTER 8: The Games We Play CHAPTER 9: The Stage is Set CHAPTER 10: Exaptations and Screwdrivers CHAPTER 11: AWorld Beyond Physics EPILOGUE: The Evolution of the Economy

Read more less

Book SynopsisNeither cellular/molecular nor ecosystem processes can be fully understood without a detailed understanding of the biology of the whole organism. Despite this, much of modern biology teaching tends to be focused on the cellular and molecular level, with the organism often neglected. This is particularly noticeable in many undergraduate biology programs, where introductory courses in animal biology are either given with limited evolutionary context or else use an outdated view of animal phylogeny. This accessible textbook provides a general conceptual framework for understanding the organismic level. It provides a broad overview of the diversity of animal life while focusing on general organizational principles with a few, carefully chosen examples rather than providing exhaustive specific details. The book adopts two parallel tracks, with most chapters focusing on one or the other. The first follows the general principles of organismic biology and animal organization, starting with theTable of ContentsPreface 1: The Hierarchical Nature of Biology 2: Species Concepts and Speciation 3: What Is an Organism? The Simplest Organisms 4: The Concept of Evolutionary Change 5: Multicellularity 6: Sponges: The Simplest Multicellular Organisms 7: Germ Layers: Inside and Outside 8: Motility and Symmetry 9: Diploblastic Organisms: Cnidaria and Ctenophora 10: Colonial Organisms and Complex Life Cycles 11: Bilateria 12: Sensory Systems 13: Platyhelminthes 14: Parasitism 15: Mollusca 16: Coeloms and Skeletons 17: Annelida 18: Segmental Organization of the Body 19: Size and Complexity 20: Molting Animals 21: Arthropoda I: General Introduction and Chelicerata 22: Terrestrialization 23: Arthropoda II: Mandibulata 24: Transport and Gas Exchange Systems 25: Embryogenesis 26: Echinodermata 27: Chordata and Hemichordata 28: Excretory Systems 29: Vertebrate Characteristics 30: Vertebrate Diversity 31: Vertebrate Organogenesis 32: Organismic Biology in the Twenty-First Century

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Multiple Gene Knockdown Strategies for Investigating the Properties of Human Leukemia Stem Cells and Exploring New Therapies Xiaoyan Jiang 2. Assessment of CD133, EpCAM, and CD44 in human and murine cancer cell by real-time qPCR Guillermo Mazzolini 3. Reverse Phase Protein Array in cancer stem cells Michele Signore 4. Isolation of cancer stem cells from squamous cell carcinoma Sanjeev K. Centre (TMC), Advanced Centre for Treatment and Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), 5. Immunoblotting-assisted assessment of JAK2 signaling in leukemic stem cells Niccolò Bartalucci 6. Isolation of cancer stem cells from based on aldehyde dehydrogenase activity Paola Marcato 7. Generation of neuronal/glial mixed cultures from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) Angela Gritti 8. Immunohistochemistry-based analysis of EMT markers in mammary tumors Diwakar Pattabiraman 9. Immunofluorescence staining of colorectal cancer patient-derived organoids Joseph L. Regan 10. Isolation of murine bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations via flow cytometry Michael A. Rieger 11. In vitro and in vivo limiting dilution assay of hepatocellular carcinoma cells Bin Wang Sr., Yingying Lai and Xi Zheng 12. Methods to isolate adipose tissue-derived stem cells Barbara Zavan, Paolo Pinton, Leticia Ferroni, Chiara Gardin and Francesco De Francesco 13. In vivo assessment of the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of the cancer stem cell fraction in breast cancer cells Antonella Sistigu

Read more less

Book SynopsisAnnual Fishes: Life History Strategy, Diversity, and Evolution is the first comprehensive reference on current knowledge of diverse species that exhibit unique survival strategies and provide important models for basic and applied research. This work fills a void, covering the life cycle, reproductive biology, evolutionary ecology, reproductive behavior, sexual selection, genetics, speciation, and integrative and conservation strategies of annual fishesBringing together researchers in different areas of annual fishes to summarize previous work, overview the current research, and highlight promising areas of research, the book is organized into three sections focusing on: Diversity, life history, and reproductive biology Ecology and conservation Evolution The book provides a thorough understanding of the complexity of annual fishes and emphasizes their usefulnessTable of ContentsDIVERSITY, LIFE HISTORY, AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY. Diversity of Aplocheiloidei. Life Cycle, Reproduction, and Development in Annual Fishes: Cellular and Molecular Aspects. Sperm and Egg Envelope Ultrastructure and Some Considerations on Its Evolutionary Meaning. Alternative Developmental Pathways. Sex Determination and Differentiation in Annual Fishes. Annual Fishes of the Genus Nothobranchius as an Experimental Model. Husbandry, Reproduction, and Embryo Culture of Annual Fishes under Laboratory Conditions. ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION. Austrolebias in Space: Scaling from Ponds to Biogeographical Regions. The Evolutionary Ecology of African Annual Fishes. Tolerance of Environmental Stress. Annual Fishes (Rivulidae) from Southern Brazil: A Broad-Scale Assessment of Their Diversity and Conservation. EVOLUTION. Reproductive Behavior and Sexual Selection in Annual Fishes. Comparative Anatomy and Proliferative Zones of Adult Austrolebias Brain. Genome of the Annual Fishes Austrolebias Dynamized by Transposable Elements. Comparative Phylogeographic Patterns in Austrolebias from Different South American Basins. Chromosome Evolution, Divergent Meiotic Pathways, and Speciation in the Family Rivulidae. Genomic Isolated Regions: Linkage Groups in Parental and Laboratory Hybrids between Austrolebias adloffi Species Group. Overview, Future Challenges, and Evolution of Annualism.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDisturbances of prenatal development engender congenital malformations and constitute an important cause of perinatal mortality and postnatal morbidity. Our goal in preparing Volume I was to introduce the student to the complex pheno­ mena of embryonic development in a clear and direct way.Table of ContentsPreliminary definitions.- Gametogenesis.- Phenomena of fertilization.- Preparation for implantation.- First week of development.- Second week:·Formation of embryonic disc.- Third week: gastrulation.- Destiny of the three germ layers.- Development of the ectoderm: neurulation.- Development of the mesoderm.- Development of the entoderm.- Flexion (formation of body shape).- Flexion in cross section.- Flexion in longitudinal section.- Development of fetal membranes.- The placenta: morpholoqy.- The placenta: pnysiology.- Twins.- Principal stages of development.- General mechanisms of normal development.- Anomalies of development.- Examples of human mallormations.- Experimental malformations.- Fetal-maternal incompatibility.

Read more less

Quirks of Human Anatomy by Jr

Read more less

Book SynopsisThough we have other distinguishing characteristics (bipedalism, relative hairlessness, etc.), the brain and the behavior it produces are what truly set us apart from the other apes and primates. How this three-pound organ composed of water, fat, and protein turned a mammal species into the dominant animal on earth is the story Allen tells.Trade ReviewAn extremely valuable addition to a topic which has attracted such attention and passionate debate. As both an anthropologist and a neuroanatomist, when Allen writes about the human brain he knows what he is writing about. -- Antonio Damasio, author of Descartes' Error, Looking for Spinoza, and The Feeling of What HappensLet me be short and sweet: this is a terrific book. There wasn't a chapter I didn't enjoy reading, or from which I did not learn something new. John Allen provides a fine, wide, and comprehensive sweep of all of the areas that concern a more thorough understanding of human brain evolution. -- Ralph L. Holloway, Professor of Anthropology, Columbia UniversityAn indispensable overview of the study of human brain evolution. -- Katerina Semendeferi, Associate Professor of Anthropology, University of California-San DiegoAllen pieces together the puzzle of brain evolution. No stone is left unturned as Allen mines such fields as paleontology, anthropology, comparative anatomy and physiology, and the cognitive sciences. Allen's contribution is his interdisciplinary melding of theories, disclosing their strengths and weaknesses while squeezing them for evidence on brain evolution...His material on brain evolution is fascinating. -- Scott Vieira * Library Journal *A very good introduction to recent research on cognition, especially cognition and language. An antidote to many things you have read in Pinker. -- Tyler Cowen * marginalrevolution.com *The scope and scholarship of this book is impressive...There is much to learn, even by the experienced investigator, from reading this book, which is also a treat for any science-loving reader. -- Jon H. Kaas * Journal of Clinical Investigation *Allen's book is comprised of ten chapters that collectively fulfill the promise of the introductory chapter to provide the reader with an in-depth exploration of the current knowledge of the brain...Anyone who wanted to philosophize about mind should first spend a year studying the brain in a hands-on laboratory setting. If doing so is not possible then reading Allen's book is a good substitute...The Lives of the Brain provides the reader with a comprehensive picture of the state of the knowledge of brain evolution at the beginning of the twenty-first century. -- Bob Lane * Metapsychology *Allen, a neuroanatomist and anthropologist, has provided a lucidly comprehensive intellectual account of the human brain's developmental processes. -- J. N. Muzio * Choice *In The Lives of the Brain, John S. Allen explores the many influences that anatomy, molecular biology, aging, development and culture have on the evolution and functional organization of the human brain. He provides the perspective and foundation to start thinking about brain evolution in a more sophisticated, multidimensional fashion. -- Asif A. Ghazanfar * Times Literary Supplement *The Lives of the Brain is a wonderfully engaging book. Because of its wide scope, even experts in the field are certain to make new discoveries in its pages. Because it is written in a style that is accessible and does not presuppose a specialized background in neuroscience, it will also serve as an excellent entry point for the uninitiated reader who is interested in knowing more about the human brain and its evolutionary history. -- Chet C. Sherwood * American Journal of Physical Anthropology *Allen does a remarkable job in providing an insightful and a timely synthesis of current knowledge about brain evolution...He successfully highlights the controversies that surround the "big" issue of human brain evolution and manages to integrate findings across different levels and from various fields. The style of writing is clear and the book makes a comprehensible reading for anyone with an interest in brain evolution. -- Lambros Malafouris * American Journal of Human Biology *Table of Contents* Introduction * The Human Brain in Brief * Brain Size * The Functional Evolution of the Brain * The Plastic Brain * The Molecular Evolution of the Brain * The Evolution of Feeding Behavior * The Aging Brain * Language and Brain Evolution * Optimism and the Evolution of the Brain * References * Acknowledgments * Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis fifth of 15 short atlases reimagines the classic 5-volume Atlas of Human Central Nervous System Development. Serial sections from specimens between 31 mm and 33 mm are illustrated and annotated in great detail, together with 3D reconstructions. Table of ContentsPART I. INTRODUCTION; Organization of the Atlas; Plate Preparation; Development in Specimens (CR 31 to 33 mm); References; PART II. 32 mm Crown Rump Length, C609; Plates 1-10 A/B; High-Magnification Plates 11-16 A/B; PART III. 31 mm Crown Rump Length, C9226; Plates 17-36 A/B; High-Magnification Plates 37-38 A/B; PART IV. 33 mm Crown Rump Length, C145; Plates 39-48 A/D;High-Magnification Plates 49-63 A/B

Read more less

Book SynopsisThoroughly updated, streamlined, and enhanced with pedagogical features, the twelfth edition of Barresi and Gilbert's Developmental Biology engages students and empowers instructors to effectively teach both the stable principles and the newest front-page research of this vast, complex, and multi-disciplinary field. This much loved, well-illustrated, and remarkably well written textbook invigorates the classical insights of embryology with cutting edge material, and makes the most complex topics understandable to a new generation of students. Designed with the undergraduate student in mind, this new, streamlined edition now contains studies of plant development, expanded coverage of regeneration, over a hundred new and revised illustrations, and deeply integrated active learning resources that build on the text's enthusiasm and accuracy. This is a text designed to make students become excited about how animals and plants develop their complex bodies from simple origins. The new edition makes it easier to customize one's developmental biology course to the needs and interests of today's students, integrating the printed book with electronic interviews, videos, and tutorials. Michael J. F. Barresi brings his creativity and expertise as a teacher and as an artist of computer-mediated learning to the book, allowing the professor to use both standard and alternative ways of teaching animal and plant development.Trade ReviewAlways a firm favourite, this has since last year become my textbook of choice. I have found the digital resources associated with this book extremely helpful, and have made grateful use of the teaching ideas that the authors have shared. * Dr Casper J. Breuker, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University *Development Biology is a very readable, balanced, and thorough introduction covering all the most important aspects of this fascinating field. This is an excellent textbook for introducing beginners, advanced students, and even experts from other fields to the beauty and complexity of developmental and regenerative biology. * Michael Levin, Tufts University *This is the definitive developmental biology textbook - a real classic that has been updated to include newly-understood concepts from fast-moving fields. It is inspiring to students to see how quickly the entire field of developmental biology has been transformed into a molecular science. * Jessica LaMae Whited, Harvard University *This book is the gold standard in developmental biology. The many micrographs and its comprehensiveness make it an indispensible resource for serious students in the field. * Jeff Hardin, University of Wisconsin-Madison *Table of ContentsPART I. PATTERNS AND PROCESSES OF BECOMING: A FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT Chapter 1. Making New Bodies: Mechanisms of Developmental Organization Chapter 2. Specifying Identity: Mechanisms of Developmental Patterning Chapter 3. Differential Gene Expression: Mechanisms of Cell Differentiation Chapter 4. Cell-to-Cell Communication: Mechanisms of Morphogenesis Chapter 5. Stem Cells: Their Potential and Their Niches PART II. GAMETOGENESIS AND FERTILIZATION: THE CIRCLE OF SEX Chapter 6. Sex Determination and Gametogenesis Chapter 7. Fertilization: Beginning a New Organism PART III. EARLY DEVELOPMENT: CLEAVAGE, GASTRULATION, AND AXIS FORMATION Chapter 8. Rapid Specification in Snails and Nematodes Chapter 9. The Genetics of Axis Specification in Drosophila Chapter 10. Sea Urchins and Tunicates: Deuterostome Invertebrates Chapter 11. Amphibians and Fish Chapter 12. Birds and Mammals PART IV. BUILDING WITH ECTODERM: THE VERTEBRATE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND EPIDERMIS Chapter 13. Neural Tube Formation and Patterning Chapter 14. Brain Growth Chapter 15. Neural Crest Cells and Axonal Specificity Chapter 16. Ectodermal Placodes and the Epidermis PART V. BUILDING WITH MESODERM AND ENDODERM: ORGANOGENESIS Chapter 17. Paraxial Mesoderm: The Somites and Their Derivatives Chapter 18. Intermediate and Lateral Plate Mesoderm: Heart, Blood, and Kidneys Chapter 19. Development of the Tetrapod Limb Chapter 20. The Endoderm: Tubes and Organs for Digestion and Respiration PART VI. POSTEMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT Chapter 21. Metamorphosis: The Hormonal Reactivation of Development Chapter 22. Regeneration PART VII. DEVELOPMENT IN WIDER CONTEXTS Chapter 23. Development in Health and Disease: Birth, Defects, Endocrine Disruptors, and Cancer Chapter 24. Development and the Environment: Biotic, Abiotic, and Symbiotic Regulation of Development Chapter 25. Development and Evolution: Developmental Mechanisms of Evolutionary Change Glossary Author Index Subject Index

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisResearch into the field of stem cell biology has developed exponentially over recent years, and is beginning to offer significant promise for unravelling the molecular basis of a multitude of disease states. Importantly, in addition to offering the opportunity to delve deeply into the mechanisms that drive disease aetiology the research is realistically opening the doors for development of targeted and personalized therapeutic applications that many considered, until recently, to be nothing more that a far fetched dream. This volume provides a timely glimpse into the methods that have been developed to instigate, and the mechanisms that have been identified to drive, the process of nuclear reprogramming, chronicling how the field has developed over the last 50-60 years. Since the early 1950s a small number of notable experiments have provided significant impetus to the field, primarily the demonstration of reprogramming ability, first by the complex cytoplasmic milieu that constitutes the amphibian egg, then that of the mammalian egg, and finally that of the mammalian embryonic stem cell. Most recently, the demonstration that a limited pool of defined molecules is capable of reprogramming a multitude of cell types has provided massive impetus and facilitated transition towards realistic therapeutic application. We have therefore reproduced some of the key articles that elegantly document these dramatic stages of development of the field in an inclusive appendix to the book, for the benefit of readers keen to investigate the history of how the field of stem cell biology has evolved. Owing to the ever broadening nature of this field, and the incredible rate at which it is evolving, the main content of this volume focuses on areas that have shown significant movement in recent years, are most likely to translate into personalized therapeutic application, and thus provide greatest potential for significant impact on human health in the not too distant future. We recognize that research into many other disease states and cell types are all equally worthy of discussion. We would therefore like to acknowledge those researchers involved whose work we have not been able to include in this volume. Nuclear Reprogramming and Stem Cells will serve as a valuable resource for all researchers in the field of stem cell biology, including those just setting out on their career path as well as those already established in the field.Table of ContentsIntroduction by John Gurdon and Azim Surani.- Introduction by Ian Wilmut.- Inherent Nuclear Reprogramming in Mammalian Embryos.- Epigenetic Reprogramming During Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer and the Development of Primordial Germ Cells.- Epigenetic Reprogramming with Oocyte Molecules.- Cell Fusion-Mediated Nuclear Reprogramming of Somatic Cells.- Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Somatic Cells.- The Consequences of Reprogramming a Somatic Cell for Mitochondrial DNA Transmission, Inheritance and Replication.- The Function of Nanog in Pluripotency.- The Function of Oct3/4 and Sox2 in Pluripotency.- Generation of Neural Cells from Pluripotent Stem Cells.- Non-Cell Autonomous Reprogramming Towards a Pluripotent State.- Towards Regeneration of Retinal Function Using Pluripotent Stem Cells.- Reprogramming Towards Pancreatic beta-Cells.- Pancreatic Plasticity and Reprogramming – Novel Directions Towards Disease Therapy.- Phenotype and Developmental Potential of Cardiomyocytes from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells.- The Generation of Disease Specific Cell Lines and Their Use for Developing Drug Therapies.- Advances in the Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells.- Culture adaptation of pluripotent stem cells: challenges and opportunities.- Epilogue.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents a novel molecular description for understanding the regulatory mechanisms behind the autonomy and self-organization in biological systems. Chapters focus on defining and explaining the regulatory molecular mechanisms behind different aspects of autonomy and self-organization in the sense of autonomous coding, data processing, structure (mass) formation and energy production in a biological system. Subsequent chapters discuss the cross-talk among mechanisms of energy, and mass and information, transformation in biological systems. Other chapters focus on applications regarding therapeutic approaches in regenerative medicine. Molecular Mechanisms of Autonomy in Biological Systems is an indispensable resource for scientists and researchers in regenerative medicine, stem cell biology, molecular biology, tissue engineering, developmental biology, biochemistry, biophysics, bioinformatics, as well as big data sciences, complexity and soft computing.Table of Contents1. Relativity of Code, Energy, and Mass versus Relativi-ty of Energy and Mass2. Molecular Mechanism of Coding and Autonomous Decision Making in Biological Systems3. Molecular mechanism of self-organization in biologi-cal systems4. Molecular mechanism of self-fueling in biological systems by relativity of code, energy, and mass5. Relativity of code, energy, and mass: Molecular mechanisms of autonomy in biological systems 6. Molecular mechanism of autonomy and self-organization: an emergent concept for the future of biomedical sciences7. ConclusionIndex

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis textbook provides students with knowledge of neurogenetics, neurogenesis, neuronal specification and function, neuronal networks, learning and memory formation, brain evolution, and neurodegenerative diseases.Students are introduced to topics of classical developmental genetics as well as modern molecular and neurogenetic methods. Using a wealth of examples from current research, the textbook takes a strong applied approach. Using animal models such as Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans as well as mammalian systems, the interrelationships between genes, neurons, nervous systems, and behaviour under normal and pathological conditions are illustrated. The textbook aims encourage students to address biological questions in neurogenetics and to think about the design of their own experiments. It targets primarily master and graduate students in neurobiology, but is also a valuable teaching tool for instructors in these fields.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction to neurogenetics.- Chapter 2. Neurogenetic analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans.- Chapter 3. Regionalisation of the early nervous system.- Chapter 4. Early neurogenesis and gliogenesis in Drosophila.- Chapter 5. Neural stem cells and brain tumour models in Drosophila.- Chapter 6. Eye development in Drosophila: from photoreceptor specification to terminal differentiation.- Chapter 7. Neurogenetics of memory, learning and forgetting.- Chapter 8. Evolution and origins of nervous systems.- Chapter 9. Neural stem and progenitor cells in the mammalian brain.- Chapter 10. Models of neurodegenerative diseases.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides readers with an overview of the frequent occurrence of asymmetric cell division. Employing a broad range of examples, it highlights how this mode of cell division constitutes the basis of multicellular organism development and how its misregulation can lead to cancer.To underline such developmental correlations, readers will for example gain insights into stem cell fate and tumor growth. In turn, subsequent chapters include descriptions of asymmetric cell division from unicellular organisms to humans in both physiological and pathological conditions. The book also illustrates the importance of this process for evolution and our need to understand the background mechanisms, offering a valuable guide not only for students in the field of developmental biology but also for experienced researchers from neighboring fields.Table of Contents1. Ismael Sánchez-Osorio, Carlos A. Hernández-Martínez , Agustino Martínez-Antonio, Modeling Asymmetric Cell Division in Caulobacter crescentus Using a Boolean Logic Approach ama@biosintetica.mx 2. John J. Tyson, Kartik Subramanian, Spatiotemporal models of asymmetric cell division cycle in Caulobacter crescentus skartik@vt.edu 3. Marco Geymonat, Marisa Segal, Intrinsic and extrinsic determinants linking spindle pole fate, spindle polarity and asymmetric cell division in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae ms433@cam.ac.uk 4. Arielle Koonyee Lam, Bryan Phillips, Wnt signaling polarizes C. elegans asymmetric cell divisions during development bryan-phillips@uiowa.edu 5. Anne Pacquelet, Asymmetric cell division in the one-cell C.elegans embryo: multiple steps to generate cell size asymmetry anne.pacquelet@univ-rennes1.fr 6. Jerome Teuliere, Gian Garriga, Size matters: how C. elegans asymmetric divisions regulate apoptosis garriga@berkeley.edu 7. Christian Pohl, The midbody and its remnant in cell polarization and asymmetric cell division Pohl@em.uni-frankfurt.de 8. Emmanuel Gallaud, Tri Than Pham, Clemens Cabernard , Drosophila melanogaster neuroblasts: a model for asymmetric stem cell divisions clemens.cabernard@unibas.ch 9. Malgorzata Kloc, Jacek Z. Kubiak, Szczepan Bilinski, Asymmetric divisions in oogenesis MKloc@houstonmethodist.org 10. Radek Sindelka, Monika Flachsova, Pavel Abaffy and Mikael Kubista, Asymmetric localization and distribution of factors determining cell fate during early development of Xenopus laevis mikael.kubista@ibt.cas.cz 11. Guillaume Hatte, Jacek Z. Kubiak, Jean-Pierre Tassan, Asymmetries in cell division, cell size and furrowing in the Xenopus laevis embryo jean-pierre.tassan@univ-rennes1.fr 12. Takefumi Negishi, Hiroki Nishida, Asymmetric and unequal cell divisions in ascidian embryos hnishida@bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp 13. Agathe Chaigne et Marie-Emilie Terret, Marie-Hélène Verlhac, Asymmetries and symmetries in the mouse oocyte and zygote marie-helene.verlhac@college-de-france.fr 14. Damian Dudka, Patrick Meraldi, Symmetry does not come for free – cellular mechanisms to achieve a symmetric cell division Patrick.Meraldi@unige.ch 15. Clare L. Garcin, Shukry J. Habib, A Comparative Perspective on Wnt/β-catenin Signalling in Cell Fate Determination shukry.habib@kcl.ac.uk 16. Prestina Smith, Mark Azzam, Lindsay Hinck, Extracellular regulation of the mitotic spindle and fate determinants driving asymmetric cell division lhinck@ucsc.edu < 17. Ian Meyers, Mathieu Daynac, Claudia Petritsch, Regulation of asymmetric cell division in mammalian neural stem and cancer precursor cells Claudia.Petritsch@ucsf.edu 18. Subhas Mukherjee, Daniel J. Brat, Molecular programs underlying asymmetric stem cell division and their disruption in malignancy dbrat@emory.edu @emory.edu

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Table of ContentsVesicoureteral Reflux.- A. Definition of Reflux.- B. Anatomy of the Ureterovesical Junction.- I. Contribution of the Ureter and Trigone to the Formation of the Ureterovesical Junction.- II. The Vesical Component of the Ureterovesical Valve.- 1. The Mucosal Layer.- 2. The Inner Longitudinal Muscle Layer.- 3. The Middle Circular Muscle Layer.- 4. The Outer Longitudinal Muscle Layer.- C. Innervation.- D. Physiology of the Ureterovesical Valve.- I. The Effect of Interrupting the Anatomical Continuity between the Ureter and the Trigone.- II. The Effect of Cutting the Nerves that Supply the Trigonal Muscle.- III. The Effect of Active Contraction of the Trigone on the Resistance of the Intravesical Ureter.- IV. The Effect of Active Contraction of the Trigone in Tightening and Occluding the Intravesical Ureter during Voiding.- E. Pathology of the Ureterovesical Junction.- I. Structural Changes at the Ureterovesical Junction.- 1. Conditions in which the Ureteral Hiatus Moves Downward in Relationship to the Ureteral Orifice.- 2. Conditions in which the Ureteral Orifice Moves Upward in Relation to the Ureteral Hiatus.- II. The Effect of Vesical Edema on the Ureterovesical Junction.- III. Congenital Anomalies of the Ureter.- IV. Maturation of the Intravesical Ureter.- V. Concept of the Marginally Competent Ureterovesical Junction.- F. Classification of Reflux by Etiology.- I. Reflux Due to Trigonal Weakness.- II. Reflux Due to Obstruction at or below the Bladder Neck.- III. Reflux Due to Neurogenic Vesical Disease.- IV. Reflux Due to Edema of the Bladder Wall.- V. Reflux Due to Congenital Anomalies.- VI. Reflux Due to Iatrogenic Causes.- G. Etiology of Nonocclusive Ureteral Dilatation (Megaloureter).- I. Factors that Increase the Volume of Urine in the Ureter.- 1. Dilation of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter by Forced Intake of Fluids.- 2. Dilation of the Upper Urinary Tract Due to Diabetes Insipidus.- 3. Dilation of the Pelvis of a Kidney Forced to Increase its Output after Unilateral Nephrectomy.- 4. Reflux as a Cause of Ureteral Overfilling.- II. Emptying Capacity of Various Areas of the Ureter.- III. Reflux and the Ureteropelvic Junction.- IV. Reflux and the Ureterovesical Junction.- H. Incidence of Reflux.- I. High Incidence of Reflux in Children with Urinary Tract Infection.- II. Demonstration of Reflux in Adults with Nonobstructive Pyelonephritis.- I. Effects of Reflux.- I. The Role of Reflux in Obstruction at the Ureteropelvic Junction.- II. The Kidney with Chronic Pyelonephritis.- III. The Atrophic Kidney with Chronic Pyelonephritis.- IV. The Normal Kidney.- V. Reflux as the Cause of Pyelonephritis of Pregnancy.- VI. Role of Reflux in the Perpetuation of Urinary Tract Infection.- VII. Miscellaneous.- J. The Role of the Ureterovesical Junction in the Pathogenesis of Pyelonephritis.- I. Childhood.- II. The Teenage Period.- III. The Adult Period.- IV. Prostatic Period.- K. The Treatment of Reflux and its Complications.- I. Medical Treatment.- II. The Surgical Correction of Reflux.- 1. Types of Operation.- 2. Results of Operation.- 3. Indications for Operation.- a) The Severity of the Reflux.- b) The Presence of Saccules.- c) The Severity of the Clinical Course.- d) The Conditions of the Kidneys.- e) The Age of the Patient.- References.- Anomalies of the Kidney.- I. Agenesis.- a) Bilateral Renal Agenesis.- b) Solitary Pelvic Kidney.- II. Hypoplasia.- a) Unilateral.- b) Bilateral.- III. Cystic Disease.- a) Simple (Solitary) Cysts.- b) Multiple Cysts of the Kidney.- c) Multilocular Cysts.- d) Polycystic Kidney Disease.- e) Peripelvic Cysts.- IV. Fusion Anomalies of the Kidney.- a) Horseshoe Kidney.- b) Unilateral Fused Kidney.- c) Fused Pelvic Kidney.- V. Ectopia of the Kidney.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Classification.- a) Simple Ectopy.- b) Bilateral Ectopia.- c) Crossed Renal Ectopia.- d) Ectopic Pelvic Kidney.- e) Thoracic Kidney (Congenital Superior Ectopia).- VI. Anomalies of Rotation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Embryology.- 3. Incidence.- 4. Etiology.- 5. Symptoms and Diagnosis.- 6. Treatment.- VII. Anomalies of the Vessels.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Production of Hydronephrosis by Aberrant Vessels.- 3. Incidence.- 4. Symptoms.- 5. Diagnosis.- 6. Treatment.- VIII. Supernumerary Kidney.- 1. Introduction and Incidence.- 2. Pathogenesis.- 3. Symptoms.- 4. Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- IX. Cystic Disease of the Renal Pyramids.- 1. Definition and Historical.- 2. Incidence.- 3. Etiology.- 4. Pathology.- 5. Clinical Considerations.- 6. Diagnosis.- 7. Treatment.- 8. Prognosis.- X. Anomalies of the Renal Pelvis.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Embryological Development.- 3. Clinical Considerations.- 4. Differential Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Anomalies of the Ureter.- A. Multiplication, Ectopia and Ureterocele.- I. Ureteral Duplication (and Triplication).- 1. Definitions.- 2. Incidence (Table 1).- 3. Embryology and Physiology.- a) Embryology.- b) Physiology.- 4. Surgical Anatomy.- 5. Associated Anomalies.- 6. Associated Reflux.- 7. Associated Disease.- 8. Clinical Aspects.- a) Symptoms.- b) Diagnosis.- ?) Personal History.- ?) Family History.- ?) Physical Examination.- ?) Laboratory Study of the Urine.- ?) Excretory Urography.- ?) Cystoscopy.- ?) Vaginoscopy and Urethroscopy.- ?) Other Radiographic Techniques.- c) Principles of Management.- ?) Incomplete Ureteral Duplication.- ?) Complete Ureteral Duplication.- ?) Triplication or Quadruplication.- II. Ureteral Ectopia.- 1. Definition and Description.- 2. Sites of Ectopic Orifices.- 3. Incidence.- 4. Associated Anomalies.- 5. Clinical Features.- a) Incontinence.- b) Obstruction and Dilatation.- c) Infection.- 6. Diagnosis.- a) History.- b) Family History.- c) Physical Examination.- d) Urinalysis.- e) Urographie Procedures.- ?) Excretory Urography.- ?) Micturition Urethrocystography.- ?) Vasography.- f) Endoscopy.- 7. Treatment.- III. Ureterocele.- 1. Definition, Description, Types.- 2. Incidence.- 3. Pathogenesis.- 4. Associated Anomalies and Disease.- 5. Clinical Manifestations.- 6. Reflux.- 7. Diagnosis.- a) Urography.- ?) Excretory Urography.- ?) Retrograde Urethrocystography.- b) Endoscopy.- 8. Treatment.- a) Simple Ureterocele.- b) Ectopic Ureterocele.- B. Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction.- 1. Definition and Description.- 2. Incidence.- 3. Causes.- a) Aberrant Renal Blood Vessels.- b) Adhesions and Kinks.- c) High Insertion of Ureter.- d) Stenosis.- e) Functional Disorders.- f) Vesicoureteral Reflux.- 4. Clinical Aspects.- a) Superimposed Intermittent Acute Obstruction.- b) Recurrent Pyelonephritis with Loin Pain.- c) Renal Calculi.- d) Hematuria.- e) Trauma.- f) Associated Hypertension.- 5. Diagnosis.- 6. Treatment.- C. Unusual Positions of the Ureter.- I. Retrocaval (Post-caval; Circumcaval) Ureter.- 1. Definition.- 2. Incidence.- 3. Embryology.- 4. Clinical Aspects.- a) Symptoms and Signs.- b) Diagnosis.- c) Treatment.- II. Retroiliac Ureter.- III. Herniation of the Ureter.- D. Agenesis, Aplasia, Blind Ending.- I. Agenesis.- II. Aplasia.- III. Blind Ending Ureters.- E. Congenital Dilatation of the Ureter.- I. With Obstruction.- 1. Congenital Ureteral Stricture.- 2. Distal Ureteral Atresia.- 3. Congenital Ureteral Valves (or Folds).- II. Without Obstruction.- F. Twists, Kinks, Congenital Diverticula, Blockage by Vessels.- I. Spiral Twist or Torsion of Ureter.- II. Ureteral Kinks.- III. Diverticulum of the Ureter.- IV. Blockage of the Ureter by Blood Vessels.- References.- Congenital Abnormalities of the Bladder.- A. Development of the Bladder.- I. The Cloaca.- II. The Genital Tubercle.- III. Separation of the Bladder from the Intestinal Tract.- IV. Formation of the Trigone.- V. Regression of the Allantoic Duct.- VI. Development of the Bladder Musculature.- VII. Fetal Descent of the Urinary Tract.- VIII. Summary of Important Early Developmental Events.- B. Congenital Abnormalities of the Bladder.- I. Agenesis of the Bladder.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Pathology.- 3. Treatment.- II. Urachal Abnormalities.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Pathology.- 3. Classification.- 4. Clinical features.- a) Congenital Patent Urachus.- b) Vesico-urachal Diverticulum.- c) Umbilical Cyst and Sinus.- d) Alternating Urachal Sinus.- 5. Treatment.- III. Duplication of the Bladder.- 1. Classification.- a) Complete Duplication.- b) Incomplete Duplication.- c) Sagittal Septum.- d) Frontal Septum.- e) Multiseptate Bladder.- f) Hourglass Bladder.- 2. Pathology.- 3. Clinical Features.- 4. Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- IV. Bladder Mucosal Redundancy (Trigonal Curtains).- 1. Clinical Features.- 2. Treatment.- V. Congenital Cyst of the Bladder.- 1. Clinical Features.- 2. Pathology.- 3. Diagnosis and Treatment.- VI. Congenital Bladder Diverticulum.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Etiology.- 3. Pathology.- 4. Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- VII. The Exstrophy-epispadias Complex.- 1. Pathology.- 2. Pseudo-exstrophy of the Bladder.- 3. Classical Exstrophy of the Bladder.- a) Pathology.- b) Anatomy.- c) Clinical Features.- d) Treatment.- ?) Urinary Diversion.- ?) Functional Closure of Exstrophy.- 4. Cloacal Exstrophy.- a) Pathology.- b) Anatomy and Clinical Features.- c) Treatment.- 5. Variants of Exstrophy.- a) Superior Vesical Fissure.- b) Duplicate Exstrophy.- c) Inferior Vesical Fissure.- d) Incomplete Cloacal Exstrophy.- 6. Epispadias.- a) Pathology.- b) Description.- ?) Balanic Type.- ?) Penile Type.- ?) Penopubic Type.- c) Clinical Features.- d) Treatment.- References.- Anomalies of the Bladder Neck.- Anomalies of the Bladder Neck.- Symptoms.- Diagnosis.- The Normal Bladder Neck.- Technique.- Cinefluorographic Appearance of Normal Bladder Outlets During Micturition.- Dilatation of the Urethra Distal to Wide Bladder Necks.- Bladder Neck Dysfunction.- Errors in Diagnosis and Management.- The Roentgen Appearance of the Normal Male Bladder Neck.- Bladder Neck Dysfunction in the Male.- Bladder Neck Dysfunction Accompanying Posterior Urethral Valves.- Summary.- References.- Anomalies of the Urethra.- I. Introduction.- II. Congenital Absence of the Urethra.- 1. Complete Absence of the Urethra.- 2. Obliteration at the Level of the Bladder Neck.- 3. Obliteration at the Level of the Membranous Urethra.- 4. Obliteration of the Penile Urethra.- III. Meatal Stenosis.- IV. Distal Urethral Stenosis.- V. Congenital Urethral Stricture.- VI. Congenital Valves of the Female Urethra.- VII. Congenital Hypertrophy of the Verumontanum.- VIII. Anterior Urethral Valves.- IX. Diverticula of the Anterior Urethra.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Etiology and Pathology.- 3. Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis.- 4. Treatment and Prognosis.- X. Double Urethra and Accessory Urethra.- 1. Complete Double Urethra.- 2. Incomplete Dorsal Accessory Urethra—blind.- 3. Incomplete Dorsal Accessory Urethra—Communicating with the Urethra.- 4. Incomplete Ventral Accessory Urethra—blind.- 5. Double Urethra in the Female.- XI. Posterior Urethral Valves.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Etiology and Pathology.- 3. Clinical Presentation.- 4. Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- 6. Prognosis.- References.- Anomalies of the Male Genitalia.- A. The Undescended Testicle.- I. Causes.- II. Associated Conditions.- III. Differential Diagnosis.- IV. Method of Examination.- V. Medical Treatment.- VI. Surgical Treatment.- 1. Indications.- 2. Surgical Anatomy.- 3. Surgical Principles.- 4. Technique.- 5. Special Situations.- 6. Other Methods.- 7. Results.- B. Other Abnormalities of the Testicle.- Anorchism and Hypoplasia.- C. Appendages of the Testicle, Epididymis and Cord.- D. Anomalies of the Tunics of the Testicle and Scrotum.- E. Epididymis.- F. Vas Deferens.- G. Prostate.- H. Seminal Vesicles.- References.- Hypospadias.- Embryology and Morphology.- Incidence.- Female Hypospadias.- Therapeutic Principles.- Techniques for Correction of Chordec.- Position of New Meatus.- Basic Types of Urethroplasty.- General Results.- Personal Experiences.- Complications.- References.- Anomalies of the Female Genitalia.- I. Anomalies of the Vulva and Vagina.- 1. Reduplication of the Vulva.- 2. Masculinization of the Vulva.- 3. Imperforate Hymen.- 4. Polyps of the Hymen.- 5. Transverse Vaginal Septum.- II. Anomalies of the Mullerian Ducts.- 1. Congenital Absence of the Vagina and Uterus.- 2. Maldevelopment of the Vagina and Uterus.- a) Obstructive Maldevelopment of the Vagina and Uterus.- b) Non-obstructive Maldevelopment of the Vagina and Uterus.- III. Anomalies of the Ovary.- 1. Congenital Absence of the Ovaries.- 2. Supernumerary Ovaries.- 3. Accessory Ovaries.- 4. Displaced Ovaries.- References.- The Intersex States.- I. Criteria of Sex.- 1. The Sex Chromatin and Sex Chromosomes.- 2. Gonadal Structure.- 3. Morphology of External Genitalia.- 4. Morphology of the Internal Genitalia.- 5. Hormonal Status.- 6. Gender Role.- II. The Definition and Classification of Hermaphroditism.- III. Ovarian Agenesis and Dysgenesis.- 1. The Pathology of Gonadal Agenesis.- 2. The Diagnosis in Newborn Infants.- 3. The Diagnosis in Adolescence.- 4. Endocrine Findings.- IV. True Hermaphroditism.- 1. General Considerations.- 2. Criteria for Diagnosis.- 3. Classification of True Hermaphroditism.- 4. Clinical Features.- 5. Sex Chromosome Complements.- 6. Principles of Treatment.- V. Klinefelter’s Syndrome.- 1. Clinical Characteristics.- 2. Laboratory Findings.- 3. Pathological and Cytogenetic Findings.- 4. Treatment.- VI. Double X Males.- VII. Multiple X Syndromes.- VIII. Female Hermaphroditism Due to Congential Adrenal Hyperplasia.- 1. Clinical Considerations.- 2. Adrenal Pathology.- 3. Ovary.- 4. Developmental Anomalies of the Genital Tubercle and Urogenital Sinus Derivatives.- 5. Hormonal Changes.- 6. Pathogenesis of Virilizing Adrenal Hyperplasia.- 7. Diagnosis.- 8. Treatment.- IX. Female Hermaphroditism without Progressive Masculinization.- 1. Classification.- 2. Maternal Ingestion of Androgen.- 3. Maternal Androgen Tumor.- 4. Idiopathic.- 5. Special or Non-Specific Female Hermaphroditism.- X. Male Hermaphroditism.- 1. General Considerations.- 2. Classification.- 3. Masculinizing Male Hermaphrodites.- 4. Asymmetrical Gonadal Differentiation.- 5. Feminizing Male Hermaphrodites (Testicular Feminization Syndrome).- 6. Sex Chromosomes in Male Hermaphroditism.- XI. Differential Diagnosis of Infants with Ambiguous Genitalia.- XII. The Treatment of Hermaphroditism.- 1. General Considerations.- 2. The Construction of Female External Genitalia.- References.- Author Index.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book comprehensively summarizes the biological mechanisms of coloration and pattern formation of animals at molecular and cellular level, offering up-to-date knowledge derived from remarkable progress in the last 10 years. The brilliant coloration, conspicuous patterns and spectacular color changes displayed by some vertebrates and invertebrates are generally their strategies of the utmost importance for survival. Consists of mainly three parts, starts with introductory chapter, such as Pigments and Pigment Organelles, Developmental Genetics of Pigment Cell Formation, Adult Pigment Patterns, and Color Changes, this book introduces new pigment compounds in addition to classically known pigments and organelles, explains how the generation of multiple types of pigment cell is genetically controlled, describes the mechanisms underlying the zebrafish stripe formation as well as other animals and also summarizes the mechanism of physiological and morphological color changes of teleost, amphibian and cephalopod. Written by experts in the field, this book will be essential reading for graduate students and researchers in biological fields who are interested in pigmentation mechanisms of animals.Table of ContentsPart 1 Pigments and pigment organelles 1 Pigments in insects 2 Melanins in vertebrates 3 Body color expression in birds 4 Pigments in teleosts and their biosynthesis 5 Bioluminescence and Pigments Part 2 Pigment cell and patterned pigmentation 6 Development of melanin-bearing pigment cells in birds and mammals 7 Pigment cell development in teleosts 8 Pigment patterning in teleosts 9 Theoretical studies of pigment pattern formation 10 Evolution of Pigment Pattern Formation in Teleosts 11 Mechanisms of feather structural coloration and pattern formation in birds 12 Mechanism of color pattern formation in insects Part 3 Color changes 13 Physiological and Morphological Color Changes in Teleosts and in Reptiles 14 Color change in cephalopods 15 Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of insect color change towards understanding molecular links

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book written by Professor Chi Yen of Sichuan Agricultural University in Chinese was published by China Agriculture Press (ISBN 978-7-109-22791-0). It describes a new theory on the constitution of organs of the higher plants based on experimental evidence, the multiple secondary axis theory. This theory states that all organs of the higher plants are the constitution of multiple secondary axes. The primary axis extends bipolarly to initiate the above- and the below-ground parts of a plant, from which secondary axes develop. Leaves are split, expanded upper ends of terminal secondary axes. Stems are merged lower ends of the secondary axes, Vascular bundles are secondary structures developed within the axes which interconnect with each other to form the central core of the stem and branches and the veins in the leaves. Roots form through the downward extension of the lower ends of the axes toward or within the underground and branch roots are unsplit secondary axes. All new axes emerge from the inner side of existing, split axes. All floral organs including fruits, seeds and vegetative reproduction organs such as bulbils and plantlets, are deformed axes. This theory is significant in guiding the scientific design of the ideotype of crops to optimize the development of the economically important organ(s) of a crop.Table of Contents Chapter 1. The two contrary theories about organogenesis in morphology of the higher plants.-chapter 2. Saunders’ Leaf-skin Theory of Stem.- Chapter 3. Leaves are split axes.- Chapter 4. Re-evaluation of the evidences for the Telome Theory.- Chapter 5. What do hooded-awn barley, bitter bamboo, tortoise shell bamboo, paspalum and crabgrass show us?.- Chapter 6. The ontogenesis of higher plants.- Chapter 7. The organogenesis of higher plants.- Chapter 8. Conclusion.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book describes the use of stem cells and cancer stem cell generation in the inflammatory microenvironment (cancer-inducing niche) using induced pluripotent stem cells. It provides step-by-step techniques and manuals for studying stem cell and cancer stem cell generation with different applications in cancer research. The development of induced pluripotent stem cells has provided a new approach to studying cancer initiation by producing cancer stem cells without introducing mutations or foreign genes. The book features the research of the authors’ group, which was the first to generate cancer stem cells from stem cells in the presence of inflammatory conditions. The 20 chapters of this book cover topics such as generating pluripotent stem cells, converting normal stem cells to cancer stem cells, enriching, isolating and evaluating cancer stem cells. Methods for evaluating the characteristics of cancer stem cells and possible therapies against them are also discussed. The book provides easy-to-follow protocols that help researchers in the study of cancer stem cells. Illustrations help readers understand how the method of cancer stem cell generation can be applied as an essential method for assessing the carcinogenic potential of various non-mutagenic compounds. It will be a useful resource for graduate students, researchers, technicians, and physicians working in academic, hospital, and pharmaceutical settings. Table of Contents1. On the origin of cancer.- 2. Culture of Cells: Basic Principles .- 3. Stem cell culture from embryos.- 4. Reprogramming of normal cells.- 5. Maintenance of human Pluripotent Stem Cells.- 6. Identification of cancer stem cells by different molecular markers .- 7. Enrichment of Cancer Stem Cell from malignant tumor.- 8. Isolation of single clonal cell from primary cultured cells and establishment of a cancer stem cell line .- 9. Artificial Generation of Cancer Stem Cells from Normal Stem Cells.- 10. Quick method to assess non-mutagenic carcinogens with iPS cells.- 11. Self-renewal potential of caner stem cells.- 12. Differentiation potential of cancer stem cells in vitro.- 13. Tumor Angiogenesis by cancer stem cells in vivo.- 14. Invasion and Metastatic potential of cancer stem cells in vitro.- 15. Metastatic potential of cancer stem cells In Vivo- 16. Anchorage-independent cell growth assay for Cancer Stem Cells: Tumorigenic assay in vitro .- 17. Tumorigenic potential of cancer stem cells in vivo.- 18. Development of immunoliposomes using monoclonal antibodies targeting cancer stem cells .- 19. In-vitro evaluation of anti-cancer stem cell drugs .- 20. In vitro Tumoroid Model Using Cancer Stem Cells.

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"[A] thought-provoking study. . . . [Vermeij's] framework offers intriguing new insights, as when he contends that ecosystems operate like self-regulating economies in their exchanges of power and energy as part of a competition for resources. This provides plenty to ponder." * Publishers Weekly *"Vermeij has provided a literate, straightforward account of a challenging, thought-provoking topic, that is accessible to everyone, yet replete with logic, conviction and unassailable science. It may be a tad hyperbolic to describe a work such as this as 'entertaining,' but, in fact, I found it so. Brilliant and entertaining at the same time - and very readable."---David Gascoigne, Travels with Birds"Absorbing."---Kenneth Silber, Splice Today

Read more less