Polymer chemistry Books

Book SynopsisCovers enzyme kinetics from its most elementary aspects to such modern subjects as steady-state, multi-reactant kinetics and isotope exchange. Offers an understanding of the behavior of enzyme systems and the diagnostic tools used to characterize them and determine kinetic mechanisms. Illustrates and explains current subjects such as cumulative, concerted and cooperative feedback inhibition and metal ion activation.Table of ContentsKinetics of Unireactant Enzymes. Simple Inhibition Systems. Rapid Equilibrium Partial and Mixed-Type Inhibition. Enzyme Activation. Rapid Equilibrium Bireactant and Terreactant Systems. Multisite and Allosteric Enzymes. Multiple Inhibition Analysis. Steady-State Kinetics of Multireactant Enzymes. Isotope Exchange. Effects of pH and Temperature. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisAll life is made from CO2 . It was there at earth's birth, and throughout evolution. It has kept our planet habitable for hundreds of millions of years. It has given us all the splendours of the world we know today. And yet it also holds the potential for life's destruction. In this gripping adventure through eras and places, award-winning science journalist Peter Brannen tells the story of the world's most important molecule. We travel from the beginning of time all the way up to our present reality, witnessing the staggering journey that CO2 has undertaken. As we watch its movements through the rocks, the air, the oceans and living beings over four billion years, we come to see more clearly what it means for us to be churning through ancient life in the form of fossil fuels as we power our industrial world. We are, Brannen shows, performing an unprecedented experiment on our planet. If we are to avoid its catastrophic consequences, we must all begin to deepen our understanding

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Book SynopsisLiquid crystals are fluids with a directionality defined. Polymers are long molecules with a shape that can be changed. As a network, polymers form rubber - a soft solid that is locally liquid-like and capable of huge extension. Liquid crystal elastomers are a combination of all these curious aspects, but with additional, revolutionary new phenomena - for example, spontaneous shape changes of several hundred percent induced by temperature change, with equally large opto-mechanical responses, shape change without energy cost (soft elasticity), colour change with strain, lasing and photonics, sensitivity to molecular handedness and soft solid ferroelectricity. This book is a primer for liquid crystals, polymers, rubber, and elasticity. It then describes the theory and experiment of these remarkable materials for the first time as a monograph. Worked examples are solved so that the reader can become proficient in the field himself. The book is directed at physicists, chemists, material scTrade ReviewIn short, this book is likely to become a classic: read it, learn from it, and let it inspire you. * Euro Pysics News *Table of Contents1. A bird's eye view of liquid crystal elastomers ; 2. Liquid crystals ; 3. Polymers, elastomers and rubber elasticity ; 4. Classical elasticity ; 5. Nematic elastomers ; 6. Nematic rubber elasticity ; 7. Soft elasticity ; 8. Distortions of nematic elastomers ; 9. Cholesteric elastomers ; 10. Continuum theory of nematic elastomers ; 11. Dynamics of liquid crystal elastomers ; 12. Smectic elastomers ; A. Nematic order in elastomers under strain ; B. Biaxial soft elasticity ; C. Stripe microstructure ; D. Couple-stress and Cosserat elasticity ; E. Expansion at small deformations and rotations

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Book SynopsisFood Packaging: Advanced Materials, Technologies, and Innovations is a one-stop reference for packaging materials researchers working across various industries. With chapters written by leading international researchers from industry, academia, government, and private research institutions, this book offers a broad view of important developments in food packaging. Presents an extensive survey of food packaging materials and modern technologies Demonstrates the potential of various materials for use in demanding applications Discusses the use of polymers, composites, nanotechnology, hybrid materials, coatings, wood-based, and other materials in packaging Describes biodegradable packaging, antimicrobial studies, and environmental issues related to packaging materials Offers current status, trends, opportunities, and future directions Aimed at advanced students, research scholaTable of ContentsChapter 1 Bio-Based Materials for Active Food Packaging: Dream or Reality........ 1 ngelo Luís, Fernanda Domingues, and Filomena SilvaChapter 2 Biodegradable Films for Food Packaging...........................................83Haniyeh RostamzadChapter 3 Recent Advances in the Production of MultilayerBiodegradable Films......................................................................... 103Daiane Nogueira, Gabriel da Silva Filipini andVilásia Guimarães MartinsChapter 4 Environmental Issues Related to Packaging Materials..................... 127Sandhya Alice Varghese, Sanjay M.R, Senthilkumar K.,Sabarish Radoor, Suchart Siengchin, andJyotishkumar ParameswaranpillaiChapter 5 Antimicrobial Studies on Food Packaging Materials....................... 141Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim, S.M. Sapuan, Tengku ArisyahTengku Yasim-Anuar, Farah Nadia Mohammad Padzil,Nur Sharmila Sharip, Lawrence Yee Foong Ng, Liana NoorMegashah, Siti Shazra Shazleen, Noor Farisha Abd. Rahim,R. Syafiq, and R.A. IlyasChapter 6 Biodegradable Eco-Friendly Packaging and CoatingsIncorporated of Natural Active Compounds..................................... 171Josemar Gonçalves de Oliveira Filho, Ailton Cesar Lemes,Anna Rafaela Cavalcante Braga, and Mariana Buranelo EgeaChapter 7 Biodegradable Polymer Composites with Reinforced NaturalFibers for Packaging Materials.........................................................207B. Ashok and A. Varada RajuluChapter 8 Electrospun Nanofibers: Fundamentals, Food PackagingTechnology, and Safety.....................................................................223Juliana Botelho Moreira, Suelen Goettems Kuntzler, AnaLuiza Machado Terra, Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa, andMichele Greque de MoraisChapter 9 Influence of Nanoparticles on the Shelf Life of Food inPackaging Materials.......................................................................... 255Malinee Sriariyanun, Atthasit Tawai, and Yu-Shen ChengChapter 10 Optoelectronic and Electronic Packaging Materials andTheir Properties.................................................................................277Theivasanthi Thirugnanasambandan and Karthikeyan SubramaniamChapter 11 Processing and Properties of Chitosan and/or ChitinBiocomposites for Food Packaging................................................... 291Maria Râpă and Cornelia VasileChapter 12 Chitosan-Based Hybrid Nanocomposites for FoodPackaging Applications..................................................................... 327M. Chandrasekar, K. Senthilkumar, T. Senthil Muthu Kumar,Sabarish Radoor, Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai, andSuchart SiengchinChapter 13 Medium Density Fiberboard as Food Contact Material:A Proposed Methodology for Safety Evaluation from the FoodContact Point of View....................................................................... 347P. Vazquez-Loureiro, F. Salgado, A. Rodríguez Bernaldo deQuirós, and R. SendónChapter 14 Applications of Nanotechnology in Food Packaging........................369Aswathy Jayakumar, Sabarish Radoor, Jasila Karayil,Radhakrishnan E.K, Sanjay M.R, Suchart Siengchin, andJyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai

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Book SynopsisSupramolecular Polymers, Second Edition details assembly processes and structure-function correlation in natural and synthetic self-assembling materials, focusing on developments occurred over the past five years. The book highlights developments in the synthesis of complex structures, chemical design principles, and theoretical models of growth processes resulting in an increasingly accurate prediction of stability, degree of polymerization, and shape of various assemblies. It focuses on the rich variety of properties, functions, and applications of self-assembling supramolecular polymers. Supramolecular Polymers, Second Edition ties together potential applications such as those of nanostructures with dynamic-combinatorial-adaptive self-healing features, opto-electronic devices, supramolecular amphiphiles, hydrogels, organic/inorganic nanocomposites, molecular biosensors, molecular imprinting, molecular engines, templates for superlattices with prescribed symmetry. STable of ContentsPART I: THEORY AND STRUCTURE: Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry —Scope and Perspectives. Growth of Supramolecular Structures. Theory of Supramolecular Polymerization. Supramolecular Liquid Crystals: Simulation. Supramolecular Low-Molecular Weight Complexes and Supramolecular Side-Chain Polymers. Hydrogen-Bonded Supramolecular Polymers: Linear and Network Polymers and Self-Assembling Discotic Polymers. Dendrimeric Supramolecular and Supramacromolecular Assemblies. Polymers with Interwined Superstructures and Interlocked Structures. Theory of Block Copolymers. Assemblies in Complex Block Copolymer Systems. Microstructure and Crystallization of Rigid-Coil Comblike Polymers and Block Copolymers. PART II: PROPERTIES AND FUNCTIONS: DNA Structures and their Applications in Nanotechnology. Soluble Amphiphilic Nanostructures and Potential Applications. Supramolecular Properties of Polymers for Plastic Electronics. Supramolecular Polymers in Action. Columnar, Helical, and Tubular Supramolecular Polymers. Crystalline Bacterial Cell Surface Layers (S-Layers): A Versatile Self-Assembly System. Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) and Synthesis of Planar Micro- and Nanostructures. Layered Polyelectrolyte Assemblies. Molecular Imprinting. Protein Polymerization and Polymer Dynamics Approach to Functional Systems. Force Generation by Cellular Polymers. Index.

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Book SynopsisUpdated throughout for the new edition, Armour: Materials, Theory, and Design covers extant and emergent protection technologies driving advances in armour systems. Covering materials, theory and design, the book has applications in vehicle, ship, personnel and building use.Introducing a wide range of armour technologies, the book is a key guide to the technology used to protect against both blasts and ballistic attacks. Chapters cover bullets, blasts, jets and fragments, as well as penetration mechanics. The new edition builds on the previous one, discussing ceramics and metallic materials as well as woven fabrics and composite laminates. Detailing modern technology advancements, the second edition has also been expanded to include improved explanations on shock mechanisms and includes significantly more figures and diagrams.An essential guide to armour technology, this book outlines key ways to implement protective strategies applicable for many Trade ReviewThe first edition of this book is always within easy reach in my office, as it is a trusted and reliable reference text for my teaching and research. As a world leading expert, Paul Hazell delivers a second edition that expands on the key concepts which adds to its readability which I am sure students will appreciate, and the new chapter on computational modelling is a welcome addition which rounds off what is a superb book. This book should be a standard reference text for anyone interested in impact dynamics, terminal ballistics, armour systems design, and protection technologies.Professor Mark Stewart, University of Technology Sydney This work is a one-stop, up-to-date resource for everything one needs to know to design, select, utilize and test an armour, and it is truly a treasure trove of details and data that greatly enrich[es]… understanding of these extremely challenging, advanced engineered systems. I am not familiar with any competing book that provides the same level of detailed and comprehensive information on the subject, and it is therefore very highly recommended.Professor Paolo Colombo, Universita di PadovaPaul Hazell’s second journey into the complex world of armour is a well-received addition to his already comprehensive first edition, a must for all engineers at any stage of their career, myself included! The welcome addition of the computational methods chapter ensures this book stays at the forefront of armour design resources. His expertise, passion, and wealth of knowledge is reflected in these pages, with an ease of reading only a teacher who understands both the topic and the students studying it could achieve. I have recommended the first edition to my own students and will enthusiastically continue to do so with the release of the second edition.Professor Tuan Ngo, University of MelbourneTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. An Introduction to Materials 3. Bullets, Blast, Jets and Fragments 4. Penetration Mechanics 5. Stress Waves 6. Computational Methods for Armour Design 7. Metallic Armour Materials and Structures 8. Ceramic Armour 9. Woven Fabrics and Composite Laminates for Armour Applications 10. Reactive Armour Systems 11. Human Vulnerability 12. Blast and Ballistic Testing Techniques

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Book SynopsisFood Packaging: Advanced Materials, Technologies, and Innovations is a one-stop reference for packaging materials researchers working across various industries. With chapters written by leading international researchers from industry, academia, government, and private research institutions, this book offers a broad view of important developments in food packaging. Presents an extensive survey of food packaging materials and modern technologies Demonstrates the potential of various materials for use in demanding applications Discusses the use of polymers, composites, nanotechnology, hybrid materials, coatings, wood-based, and other materials in packaging Describes biodegradable packaging, antimicrobial studies, and environmental issues related to packaging materials Offers current status, trends, opportunities, and future directions Aimed at advanced students, research scholaTable of ContentsChapter 1 Bio-Based Materials for Active Food Packaging: Dream or Reality........ 1 ngelo Luís, Fernanda Domingues, and Filomena SilvaChapter 2 Biodegradable Films for Food Packaging...........................................83Haniyeh RostamzadChapter 3 Recent Advances in the Production of MultilayerBiodegradable Films......................................................................... 103Daiane Nogueira, Gabriel da Silva Filipini andVilásia Guimarães MartinsChapter 4 Environmental Issues Related to Packaging Materials..................... 127Sandhya Alice Varghese, Sanjay M.R, Senthilkumar K.,Sabarish Radoor, Suchart Siengchin, andJyotishkumar ParameswaranpillaiChapter 5 Antimicrobial Studies on Food Packaging Materials....................... 141Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim, S.M. Sapuan, Tengku ArisyahTengku Yasim-Anuar, Farah Nadia Mohammad Padzil,Nur Sharmila Sharip, Lawrence Yee Foong Ng, Liana NoorMegashah, Siti Shazra Shazleen, Noor Farisha Abd. Rahim,R. Syafiq, and R.A. IlyasChapter 6 Biodegradable Eco-Friendly Packaging and CoatingsIncorporated of Natural Active Compounds..................................... 171Josemar Gonçalves de Oliveira Filho, Ailton Cesar Lemes,Anna Rafaela Cavalcante Braga, and Mariana Buranelo EgeaChapter 7 Biodegradable Polymer Composites with Reinforced NaturalFibers for Packaging Materials.........................................................207B. Ashok and A. Varada RajuluChapter 8 Electrospun Nanofibers: Fundamentals, Food PackagingTechnology, and Safety.....................................................................223Juliana Botelho Moreira, Suelen Goettems Kuntzler, AnaLuiza Machado Terra, Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa, andMichele Greque de MoraisChapter 9 Influence of Nanoparticles on the Shelf Life of Food inPackaging Materials.......................................................................... 255Malinee Sriariyanun, Atthasit Tawai, and Yu-Shen ChengChapter 10 Optoelectronic and Electronic Packaging Materials andTheir Properties.................................................................................277Theivasanthi Thirugnanasambandan and Karthikeyan SubramaniamChapter 11 Processing and Properties of Chitosan and/or ChitinBiocomposites for Food Packaging................................................... 291Maria Râpă and Cornelia VasileChapter 12 Chitosan-Based Hybrid Nanocomposites for FoodPackaging Applications..................................................................... 327M. Chandrasekar, K. Senthilkumar, T. Senthil Muthu Kumar,Sabarish Radoor, Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai, andSuchart SiengchinChapter 13 Medium Density Fiberboard as Food Contact Material:A Proposed Methodology for Safety Evaluation from the FoodContact Point of View....................................................................... 347P. Vazquez-Loureiro, F. Salgado, A. Rodríguez Bernaldo deQuirós, and R. SendónChapter 14 Applications of Nanotechnology in Food Packaging........................369Aswathy Jayakumar, Sabarish Radoor, Jasila Karayil,Radhakrishnan E.K, Sanjay M.R, Suchart Siengchin, andJyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai

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Book SynopsisFunctionalized polymers are macromolecules to which chemically bound functional groups are attached which can be used as catalysts, reagents, protective groups, etc. Functionalized polymers have low cost, ease of processing and attractive features for functional organic molecules. Chemical reactions for the introduction of functional groups in polymers and the conversion of functional groups in polymers depend on different properties. Such properties are of great importance for functionalization reactions for possible applications of reactive polymers. This book deals with the synthesis and design of various functional polymers, the modification of preformed polymer backbones and their various applications.Trade Review"The emphasis is on chemical synthesis of the functional groups and on various properties and applications. Properties addressed include bio sensitivity, cellulose or protein networks, conjugation, corrosion, electrical capacitance, optical activity, and biodegradability. The chapters, each written by a different author team, cover a broad range of topics from the same viewpoint. The book is well edited: each chapter starts with an introduction and ends with applications, and the overall selection of topics is sufficiently broad to benefit a wide audience. Given the emphasis on chemical synthesis and behavior, there is little focus, for example, on mechanical or adhesion properties. Each chapter has an extensive, up-to-date bibliography and can serve as the starting point for further research in this exciting, modern topic combining chemistry, materials science, and engineering."— J. Lambropoulos, University of Rochester, Choice, November 2022Table of ContentsIntroduction and Future Prospects. Conjugated Polymers. Amphiphilic Hyperbranched Polymers. Biodegradable Polymers. Functional Pseudo-Proteins. Functional Proteins. Functionalization of Cellulose—Chemical Approach. Functionalized Polymers Processed by 3D Printing. Polyvinylcarbazole Composite Membranes. Elastomeric and Plastomeric Materials. Polyurethane. Biopolymeric Sensors. Stimuli-Responsive Polymers and Their Biomedical Applications. Poly(siloxane)s, Poly(silazane)s and Poly(carbosiloxane)s.

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Book SynopsisThis volume explains the theory and experimental investigations in the preparation of heterophase polymer network materials through cure reaction-induced microphase separation (CRIMPS). It describes the synthesis of a new family of block- and graft-copolymers with controlled solubility in epoxies and characterizes CRIMPS processes using novel applications of known methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance and photochemistry. The text develops a new method for characterizing the molecular mass distribution (MMD) of linear and network polymers using thermomechanical analysis data, as well as new methods for determining internal stresses and flaw formation during thermoset curing. The CRIMPS theory will be helpful for researchers and engineers designing and improving toughened plastics and other smart heterophase network materials for different applications. The new method for MMD characterization of polymers in bulk will be very useful to quickly analyzTable of ContentsSynthesis of Well-Defined Bifunctional Oligobutadines as Initiated by Dilithium Alkanes Soluble in Hydrocarbons. Theory of Microphase Separation in Curing Systems. Kinetics and Mechanism of Cure Reactions and Reaction-Induced Microphase Separation. Structure Properties Relationship. New Approaches to Polymer Networks Characterization.

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Book SynopsisA valuable source of up-to-date information on polymer characterization and analysis for scientists and practitioners in various disciplines. Over 25 self-contained articles. Provides coverage of key methods of characterization of the physical and chemical properties of polymers including molecular structure, molar mass and molar mass distribution.Trade Review"The entire book is an outstanding resource for theoretical understanding and practical usefulness of commonly used testing methods and techniques for the characterization of polymers. It is loaded with many useful graphs, tables, and theory for each test technique. Anyone interested in characterizing polymers will find this book to be an excellent resource and will frequently refer to it for guidance on selecting and properly performing analysis methods. It is well worth the investment." (IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, March/April 2009) "[A] distinguished collection of articles ... .The editors wanted to provide a reliable resource for scientists and a book that serves as a valuable addition to libraries in industry and academia. I think that was well accomplished." (Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, June 2008) "The editors wanted to provide a reliable resource for scientists … I think that was well accomplished." (Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2008, 209, 1515)Table of ContentsIntroduction. 1. Characterization of Polymers. 2. Test Methods. Composition, Molar Mass and Molar Mass Distribution. 3. Molecular Weight Determination. 4. Infrared Spectroscopy. 5. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. 6. Mass Spectrometry. 7. Laser Light Scattering. 8. Chromatography, Size Exclusion. 9. Chromatography, HPLC. Structure and Morphology. 10. Morphology. 11. Surface Analysis. 12. Fractography. 13. Nondestructive Testing. 14. X-ray Microscopy. 15. Atomic Force Microscopy. 16. Scanning Force Microscopy. 17. Neutron Scattering. 18. Vibrational Spectroscopy. 19. Microscopy. Molecular Organization and Dynamics. 20. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis. 21. Rheological Measurements. 22. Crystallinity Determination. 23. Micromechanical Properties. 24. Thermal Analysis of Polymers. 25. Dielectric Relaxation. 26. Electron Spin Resonance.

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the need for a comprehensive book on the design, synthesis, and characterization of synthetic carbohydrate-based polymeric materials along with their biological applications. The first two chapters cover the synthesis and self-assembly of glycopolymers and different techniques for creating these synthetic polymers. Subsequent chapters account for the preparation of block copolymers, branched glycopolymers, glycosurfaces, glycodendrimers, cationic glycopolymers, bioconjugates, glyconanoparticles and hydrogels. While these chapters comprehensively review the synthetic and characterization methods of those carbohydrate-based materials, their biological applications are discussed in detail.Table of ContentsPREFACE. CONTRIBUTORS. 1 SYNTHESIS OF GLYCOPOLYMERS (Samuel Pearson, Gaojian Chen, and Martina H. Stenzel). 2 BLOCK GLYCOPOLYMERS AND THEIR SELF-ASSEMBLY PROPERTIES (Qian Yang). 3 CATIONIC GLYCOPOLYMERS (Marya Ahmed and Ravin Narain). 4 GLYCOPOLYMER BIOCONJUGATES (Marya Ahmed and Ravin Narain). 5 GLYCOPOLYMER-FUNCTIONALIZED CARBON NANOTUBES (Marya Ahmed and Ravin Narain). 6 GLYCONANOPARTICLES: NEW NANOMATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (Isabel Garcıa, Juan Gallo, Marco Marradi, and Soledad Penades). 7 GLYCODENDRIMERS AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (Elizabeth R. Gillies). 8 GLYCOSURFACES (Anca Mateescu and Maria Vamvakaki). 9 CARBOHYDRATE-DERIVED HYDROGELS AND MICROGELS (Mitsuhiro Ebara). 10 MODIFIED NATURAL POLYSACCHARIDES AS NANOPARTICULATE DRUG DELIVERY DEVICES (Archana Bhaw-Luximon). INDEX.

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Book SynopsisNew edition brings classic text up to date with the latest science, techniques, and applications With its balanced presentation of polymer chemistry, physics, and engineering applications, the Third Edition of this classic text continues to instill readers with a solid understanding of the core concepts underlying polymeric materials. Both students and instructors have praised the text for its clear explanations and logical organization. It begins with molecular-level considerations and then progressively builds the reader''s knowledge with discussions of bulk properties, mechanical behavior, and processing methods. Following a brief introduction, Fundamental Principles of Polymeric Materials is divided into four parts: Part 1: Polymer Fundamentals Part 2: Polymer Synthesis Part 3: Polymer Properties Part 4: Polymer Processing and Performance Thoroughly Updated anTrade Review“Thus, this is a felicitous compilation on polymer chemistry, physics and engineering, which I can recommend to any of my undergraduate students.” (Materials Views, 31 January 2014) “With its balanced presentation of polymer chemistry, physics, and engineering applications, the updated and revised third edition of Fundamental principles of polymeric materialsprovides a solid understanding of the main concepts underlying polymeric materials.” (RFP Rubber Fibres Plastics International, 1 January 2014) “This is certainly an excellent book from which to learn about various aspects of polymer chemistry.” (IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, 1 January 2014) “Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and lower-level graduate students.” (Choice, 1 December 2012)Table of ContentsPreface xiii Preface to the Second Edition xv Acknowledgments xvii 1 Introduction 1 Problems 7 References 7 Part I. Polymer Fundamentals 9 2 Types of Polymers 11 2.1 Reaction to Temperature 11 2.2 Chemistry of Synthesis 12 2.3 Structure 19 2.4 Conclusions 30 Problems 30 Reference 34 3 Molecular Structure of Polymers 35 3.1 Types of Bonds 35 3.2 Bond Distances and Strengths 35 3.3 Bonding and Response to Temperature 37 3.4 Action of Solvents 38 3.5 Bonding and Molecular Structure 39 3.6 Stereoisomerism in Vinyl Polymers 40 3.7 Stereoisomerism in Diene Polymers 42 3.8 Summary 44 Problems 44 References 45 4 Polymer Morphology 46 4.1 Amorphous and Crystalline Polymers 47 4.2 The Effect of Polymer Structure, Temperature, and Solvent on Crystallinity 48 4.3 The Effect of Crystallinity on Polymer Density 49 4.4 The Effect of Crystallinity on Mechanical Properties 50 4.5 The Effect of Crystallinity on Optical Properties 51 4.6 Models for the Crystalline Structure of Polymers 53 4.7 Extended Chain Crystals 56 4.8 Liquid Crystal Polymers 57 Problems 59 References 60 5 Characterization of Molecular Weight 61 5.1 Introduction 61 5.2 Average Molecular Weights 62 5.3 Determination of Average Molecular Weights 66 5.4 Molecular Weight Distributions 75 5.5 Gel Permeation (or Size-Exclusion) Chromatography (GPC, SEC) 79 5.6 Summary 85 Problems 86 References 89 6 Thermal Transitions in Polymers 91 6.1 Introduction 91 6.2 The Glass Transition 91 6.3 Molecular Motions in an Amorphous Polymer 92 6.4 Determination of T g 92 6.5 Factors that Influence T g 95 6.6 The Effect of Copolymerization on T g 97 6.7 The Thermodynamics of Melting 97 6.8 The Metastable Amorphous State 100 6.9 The Influence of Copolymerization on Thermal Properties 101 6.10 Effect of Additives on Thermal Properties 102 6.11 General Observations about T g and T m 103 6.12 Effects of Crosslinking 103 6.13 Thermal Degradation of Polymers 103 6.14 Other Thermal Transitions 104 Problems 104 References 106 7 Polymer Solubility and Solutions 107 7.1 Introduction 107 7.2 General Rules for Polymer Solubility 107 7.3 Typical Phase Behavior in Polymer–Solvent Systems 109 7.4 The Thermodynamic Basis of Polymer Solubility 110 7.5 The Solubility Parameter 112 7.6 Hansen’s Three-Dimensional Solubility Parameter 114 7.7 The Flory–Huggins Theory 116 7.8 Properties of Dilute Solutions 118 7.9 Polymer–Polmyer-Common Solvent Systems 121 7.10 Polymer Solutions, Suspensions, and Emulsions 121 7.11 Concentrated Solutions: Plasticizers 122 Problems 124 References 126 Part II. Polymer Synthesis 129 8 Step-growth (condensation) Polymerization 131 8.1 Introduction 131 8.2 Statistics of Linear Step-Growth Polymerization 132 8.3 Number-Average Chain Lengths 133 8.4 Chain Lengths on a Weight Basis 136 8.5 Gel Formation 137 8.6 Kinetics of Polycondensation 142 Problems 143 References 145 9 Free-radical Addition (chain-growth) Polymerization 146 9.1 Introduction 146 9.2 Mechanism of Polymerization 147 9.3 Gelation in Addition Polymerization 148 9.4 Kinetics of Homogeneous Polymerization 149 9.5 Instantaneous Average Chain Lengths 153 9.6 Temperature Dependence of Rate and Chain Length 155 9.7 Chain Transfer and Reaction Inhibitors 157 9.8 Instantaneous Distributions in Free-Radical Addition Polymerization 160 9.9 Instantaneous Quantities 165 9.10 Cumulative Quantities 166 9.11 Relations Between Instantaneous and Cumulative Average Chain Lengths for a Batch Reactor 169 9.12 Emulsion Polymerization 173 9.13 Kinetics of Emulsion Polymerization in Stage II, Case 2 176 9.14 Summary 180 Problems 180 References 183 10 Advanced Polymerization Methods 185 10.1 Introduction 185 10.2 Cationic Polymerization 185 10.3 Anionic Polymerization 186 10.4 Kinetics of Anionic Polymerization 192 10.5 Group-Transfer Polymerization 194 10.6 Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization 195 10.7 Heterogeneous Stereospecific Polymerization 196 10.8 Grafted Polymer Surfaces 202 10.9 Summary 203 Problems 203 References 205 11 Copolymerization 207 11.1 Introduction 207 11.2 Mechanism 207 11.3 Significance of Reactivity Ratios 209 11.4 Variation of Composition with Conversion 210 11.5 Copolymerization Kinetics 216 11.6 Penultimate Effects and Charge-Transfer Complexes 216 11.7 Summary 217 Problems 217 References 219 12 Polymerization Practice 220 12.1 Introduction 220 12.2 Bulk Polymerization 220 12.3 Gas-Phase Olefin Polymerization 225 12.4 Solution Polymerization 226 12.5 Interfacial Polycondensation 228 12.6 Suspension Polymerization 229 12.7 Emulsion Polymerization 232 12.8 Summary 234 Problems 234 References 235 Part III. Polymer Properties 237 13 Rubber Elasticity 239 13.1 Introduction 239 13.2 Thermodynamics of Elasticity 239 13.3 Statistics of Ideal Rubber Elasticity 246 13.4 Summary 248 Problems 248 References 249 14 Introduction to Viscous Flow and the Rheological Behavior of Polymers 250 14.1 Introduction 250 14.2 Basic Definitions 251 14.3 Relations Between Shear Force and Shear Rate: Flow Curves 252 14.4 Time-Dependent Flow Behavior 254 14.5 Polymer Melts and Solutions 255 14.6 Quantitative Representation of Flow Behavior 256 14.7 Temperature Dependence of Flow Properties 259 14.8 Influence of Molecular Weight on Flow Properties 262 14.9 The Effects of Pressure on Viscosity 263 14.10 Viscous Energy Dissipation 264 14.11 Poiseuille Flow 265 14.12 Turbulent Flow 268 14.13 Drag Reduction 269 14.14 Summary 271 Problems 271 References 274 15 Linear Viscoelasticity 276 15.1 Introduction 276 15.2 Mechanical Models for Linear Viscoelastic Response 276 15.3 The Four-Parameter Model and Molecular Response 285 15.4 Viscous or Elastic Response? The Deborah Number 288 15.5 Quantitative Approaches to Model Viscoelasticity 289 15.6 The Boltzmann Superposition Principle 293 15.7 Dynamic Mechanical Testing 297 15.8 Summary 304 Problems 304 References 307 16 Polymer Mechanical Properties 308 16.1 Introduction 308 16.2 Mechanical Properties of Polymers 308 16.3 Axial Tensiometers 309 16.4 Viscosity Measurement 311 16.5 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis: Techniques 316 16.6 Time–Temperature Superposition 323 16.7 Summary 329 Problems 329 References 332 Part IV. Polymer Processing and Performance 335 17 Processing 337 17.1 Introduction 337 17.2 Molding 337 17.3 Extrusion 344 17.4 Blow Molding 347 17.5 Rotational, Fluidized-Bed, and Slush Molding 348 17.6 Calendering 349 17.7 Sheet Forming (Thermoforming) 350 17.8 Stamping 351 17.9 Solution Casting 351 17.10 Casting 351 17.11 Reinforced Thermoset Molding 352 17.12 Fiber Spinning 353 17.13 Compounding 355 17.14 Lithography 358 17.15 Three-Dimensional (Rapid) Prototyping 358 17.16 Summary 359 Problems 359 References 360 18 Polymer Applications: Plastics and Plastic Additives 361 18.1 Introduction 361 18.2 Plastics 361 18.3 Mechanical Properties of Plastics 362 18.4 Contents of Plastic Compounds 363 18.5 Sheet Molding Compound for Plastics 371 18.6 Plastics Recycling 373 Problems 374 References 374 19 Polymer Applications: Rubbers And Thermoplastic Elastomers 375 19.1 Introduction 375 19.2 Thermoplastic Elastomers 375 19.3 Contents of Rubber Compounds 376 19.4 Rubber Compounding 379 References 379 20 Polymer Applications: Synthetic Fibers 380 20.1 Synthetic Fibers 380 20.2 Fiber Processing 380 20.3 Fiber Dyeing 381 20.4 Other Fiber Additives and Treatments 381 20.5 Effects of Heat and Moisture on Polymer Fibers 381 21 Polymer Applications: Surface Finishes And Coatings 383 21.1 Surface Finishes 383 21.2 Solventless Coatings 385 21.3 Electrodeposition 387 21.4 Microencapsulation 387 Problem 389 References 389 22 Polymer Applications: Adhesives 390 22.1 Adhesives 390 References 394 Index 395

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Book SynopsisUtilizes an encyclopedic approach to cover the developments in polyolefins and styrenics during the last decade This book focuses on common types of polymers belonging to the class of polyolefins and styrenics. The text is arranged according to the chemical constitution of polymers and reviews the developments that have taken place in the last decade. A brief introduction to the polymer type is given and previous monographs and reviews dealing with the topic are listed for quick reference. The text continues with monomers, polymerization, fabrication techniques, properties, application, as well as safety issues. Providing a rather encyclopedic approach to polyolefins and styrenics, The Handbook of Engineering and Specialty Thermoplastics: Presents a listing of suppliers and commercial grades Reviews current patent literature, essential for the engineer developing new products Contains as extensive tradenames Table of ContentsPreface. 1 Metathesis Polymers. 1.1 Monomers. 1.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 1.3 Properties. 1.4 Fabrication Methods. 1.5 Fluorinated Polymers. 1.6 Special Additives. 1.7 Applications. 1.8 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. 1.9 Safety. References. 2 Cyclic Olefin Copolymers. 2.1 Monomers. 2.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 2.3 Properties. 2.4 Applications. 2.5 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. 2.6 Safety. 2.7 Environmental Impact and Recycling. References. 3 Ultra HighMolecularWeight Poly(ethylene). 3.1 Monomers. 3.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 3.3 Properties. 3.4 Special Additives. 3.5 Applications. 3.6 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. 3.7 Safety. References. 4 Poly(methyl)pentene. 4.1 Monomers. 4.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 4.3 Properties. 4.4 Applications. 4.5 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. References. 5 Ionomers. 5.1 Monomers. 5.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 5.3 Properties. 5.4 Special Additives. 5.5 Applications. 5.6 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. References. 6 Poly(isobutylene). 6.1 Monomers. 6.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 6.3 Properties. 6.4 Special Additives. 6.5 Applications. 6.6 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. 6.7 Environmental Impact and Recycling. References. 7 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymers. 7.1 Monomers. 7.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 7.3 Properties. 7.4 Applications. 7.5 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. References. 8 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Polymers. 8.1 Monomers. 8.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 8.3 Properties. 8.4 Special Additives. 8.5 Applications. 8.6 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. 8.7 Safety. 8.8 Environmental Impact and Recycling. References. 9 High Impact Poly(styrene). 9.1 Monomers. 9.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 9.3 Properties. 9.4 Special Additives. 9.5 Applications. 9.6 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. 9.7 Safety. 9.8 Environmental Impact and Recycling. References. 10 Styrene/Acrylonitrile Polymers. 10.1 Monomers. 10.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 10.3 Properties. 10.4 Special Additives. 10.5 Applications. 10.6 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. 10.7 Environmental Impact and Recycling. References. 11 Methyl methacrylate/Butadiene/Styrene Polymers. 11.1 Monomers. 11.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 11.3 Properties. 11.4 Special Additives. 11.5 Applications. 11.6 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. References. 12 Acrylonitrile/Styrene/Acrylate Polymers. 12.1 Monomers. 12.2 Polymerization and Fabrication. 12.3 Properties. 12.4 Special Additives. 12.5 Applications. 12.6 Suppliers and Commercial Grades. References. Index. Tradenames. Acronyms. Chemicals. General Index.

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Book SynopsisNucleosides and nucleotides fulfill many important tasks in all biological systems. This book includes descriptive information regarding the three principal types of nucleoside forming reactions: the Fusion Reaction, the Metal Salt Procedure, and the Hilbert-Johnson Reaction, as well as other miscellaneous methods.Trade Review"...an insightful and detailed analysis?provides a valuable resource for the practitioner and a solid foundation for those new to nucleoside synthesis." (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Vol. 45, No. 4, 2002) "...contains much more information than one can assemble from a literature search...allows the reader to compare reaction conditions and the outcome of the reaction...the value of the book is considerable increased by the inclusion of experimental details and protocols based on the experience of the authors...highly recommended for everybody interested.... It is expected that this book will become, just like the Vorbruggen reaction itself, a classic in nucleoside chemistry." (Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 41, No. 9, 2002) "...a comprehensive review of nucleoside synthesis..." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 26, No. 2, June 2002) "...clearly written and well-organized...provides excellent coverage of the contemporary methods used in nucleoside chemistry..." (ChemBioChem, Vol 4(5), 2003)Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. Acknowledgments. Synthesis of Nucleosides. Introduction. Nucleoside Synthesis. Silyl-Hilbert-Johnson Reaction in the Presence of Friedel-Crafts Catalysts. Mechanism of Nucleoside Formation in the Presence of Friedel-Crafts Catalysts. Special Preparations. Miscellaneous Methods. Alternative Nucleoside-Forming Reactions. Experimental Conditions. Experimental Procedures. Tabular Survey. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisServes as a reference for synthetic organic chemists in search of starting materials for synthesizing chiral compounds. The book points out which carbohydrates are best used, and how to get them. Half of the book is a dictionary-like list of compounds that can be prepared form commercially cheap carbohydrates.Table of ContentsThe Raw Materials. Carbohydrate Acetal Derivatives. Other Selectively Protected Sugars. Oxidation Products: Aldonic Acids and Lactones. Reduction Products: Carbohydrate Polyols. 1,6-Anhydro sugars. Unsaturated Sugars. Products of Base Treatment. Products of Acid Treatment. Disaccharides. Miscellaneous Carbohydrate Products. Compendium of Building Blocks. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisThis practical reference explores computer modeling of enzyme reactions - techniques that help chemists, biochemists and pharmaceutical researchers understand drug and enzyme action.Trade Review". . . strongly recommended to scientists and students who want to advance beyond the menu screen and graphic user interface of their computer.".--Journal of Medicinal ChemistryTable of ContentsBasic Principles of Chemical Bonding. Chemical Reactions in the Gas Phase and in Simple SolventModels. Chemical Reaction in All-Atom Solvent Models. Potential Surfaces and Simulations of Macromolecules. Modeling Reactions in Enzymes: An Introduction. General Acid Catalysis and Electrostatic Stabilization in theCatalytic Reaction of Lysozyme. Serine Proteases and the Examination of Different MechanisticOptions. Simulating Metalloenzymes. How Do Enzymes Really Work? Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book is about how a knowledge and understanding of biological products and processes can lead to new insights in the synthesis, design and processing of inorganic-based materials. This approach is called 'biomimetics'. The book attempts to survey the new frontiers of biomimetic materials chemistry.Table of ContentsFrom the Contents: Biomineralization and Biomimetic Chemistry/ Biomimetic Strategies and Materials Processing/ Biogenic Cadmium Sulfide Semiconductors/ Biomimetic Synthesis of Nanoscale Particles in Organized Protein Cages/ Biomimetic Approaches to Nanoscale Fabrication/ Template-directed Nucleation and Growth of Inorganic Materials/ Construction of Organized Particulate Films by the Langmuir-Blodgett Technique/ Organization of Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Electrical Spectroscopies/ Polyamino Acids as Antiscalants, Dispersants, Antifreezes and Absorbent Gelling Materials/ Bacterial Fibers and their Mineralized Products: Bionites/ Biomimetic Inorganic-organic Composites/ Organoceramic Nanocomposites/ Ceramics Processing with Biogenic Additives.

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Book SynopsisThe past two decades have seen an explosion in research on the synthesis of sesquiterpenes, an important class of hydrocarbons commonly found in oils, resins, and balsams. Volume Eleven in The Total Synthesis of Natural Products series continues to review this dynamic area of chemistry. It features systematic, A-to-Z coverage of sesquiterpenes synthesized between 1979-1994-a sesquidecade. Focusing on bicyclic and tricyclic compounds in sesquiterpene synthesis, this authoritative work complements Volume Ten''s coverage of acyclic and monocyclic sesquiterpenes. The authors comb through the hundreds of sesquiterpene syntheses already developed, consolidating the multitude of research papers, and providing extensive references as well as author and subject indexes. To keep the presentation manageable, they emphasize literature where natural products were prepared, leaving out natural ring systems or compounds whose structures were misassigned. This vTable of ContentsBICYCLIC SESQUITERPENES. Eudesmanes. Cadinanes. Drimanes. Eremophilanes. Miscellaneous Hydronaphthalenes. Fused Ring Compounds: 6,3. Fused Ring Compounds: 6,5. Fused Ring Compounds: 6,7. Fused Ring Compounds: 6,8. Fused Ring Compounds: 5,7. Fused Ring Compounds: 5,8. Fused Ring Compounds: 4,9. Fused Ring Compounds: 5,5. Isolated Rings. Spirocyclic Systems. Bridged Systems. TRICYCLIC SESQUITERPENES. Angular Triquinanes. Propellanes. Linear Triquinanes. Miscellaneous Fused Tricyclic Sesquiterpenes. Bridged Tricyclic Sesquiterpenes. Epilogue. References. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisP>Of related interest . . . THE COLLOIDAL DOMAIN Second Edition Where Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Technology Meet D. Fennell Evans and Håkan Wennerström Fully updated and revised, this new edition of the critically acclaimed book incorporates information on key developments in colloid science and technology in the twentieth century. It provides a unified treatment of colloid theory, methods, and applications to specific systems, complete with concept maps, new worked examples, and more than 250 illustrations. 1999 (0-471-24247-0) 672 pp. FUNDAMENTALS OF INTERFACIAL ENGINEERING Robert J. Stokes and D. Fennell Evans This book emphasizes the importance of the intermolecular forces that hold materials together within a bulk phase or across an interface. It examines the fundamentals of the intermolecular interactions along with the properties, processing, and behavior of fluid interfacial systems. Solid surfaces and interfaTrade Review"...the whole volume is very satisfying to read." (Talanta, Vol 52, 2000) "...can certainly be recommended to anyone about to become involved in the area of colloid-polymer interactions." (Angewandte Chemie, 4th August 2000)Table of ContentsAPPLIED TECHNOLOGIES. Polyelectrolyte-Assisted Dewatering (R. Farinato, et al.). Polymer-Colloid Interactions in Pulp and Paper Manufacture (R. Pelton). Dual-Addition Schemes (G. Petzold). Role of Polymers in Particle Adhesion and Thin Particle Layers (M. Böhmer, et al.). FUNDAMENTALS OF COLLOID-POLYMER INTERACTION. Diffusion- Controlled Phenomena in Adsorbed Polymer Dynamics (M. Santore). Depletion-Induced Aggregation and Colloidal Phase Separation (A. Milling & B. Vincent). Polyelectrolyte Adsorption: Theory and Simulation (M. Muthukumar). Small-Angle Neutron Methods in Polymer Adsorption Studies (T. Cosgrove, et al.). METHODS FOR INVESTIGATING POLYMER ADSORPTION. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Surface Polymers (F. Blum). Radiochemical Methods for Polymer Adsorption (J. Schlenoff). Measurement of Colloidal Interactions Using the Atomic Force Microscope (P. Hartley). Surface Forces Apparatus: Studies of Polymers, Polyelectrolytes, and Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Mixtures at Interfaces (P. Claesson). Scanning Angle Reflectometry and Its Application to Polymer Adsorption and Coadsorption with Surfactants (R. Tilton). Total Internal Reflectance Fluorescence (M. Santore). Design and Applications of Oscillating Optical Tweezers for Direct Measurements of Colloidal Forces (H. Ou-Yang). Index.

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Book SynopsisPolymer Surfaces and Interfaces II W. J. Feast, University of Durham, Durham, UK H. S. Munro, Courtaulds Research, Coventry, UK R. W. Richards, University of Durham, Durham, UK This volume presents a collection of review papers, based on the ''Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces II International Symposium'' which took place in Durham (UK), July 1991 Compiled here, the papers present an authoritative overview of current technology and research on polymer surfaces, by acknowledged experts in their specialist fields. Individual reviews cover analytical techniques, properties, reactions, modelling and synthesis of surfaces and interfaces. Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces II will be of interest to polymer scientists, surface scientists, chemists, physicists and biologists, working in industrial and academic laboratories. Reviews of the previous volume ''Altogether a most useful addition to polymer science'' -- Physics Bulletin ''The book can be unreservedly recommended to chemists and materials Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Surface Chemistry of Chemically Resistant Polymers (T. Bee, etal.). Self-Assembled Molecular Films as Polymer Surface Models (D.Allara, et al.). Non-Equilibrium Effects in Polymeric Stabilization (M. Cates &J. Brooks). Ion Beam Analysis of Composition Profiles Near Polymer Surfaces andInterfaces (R. Jones). Laser Light Scattering (J. Earnshaw). Characterization of Interfaces in Polymers and Composites UsingRaman Spectroscopy (R. Young). SSIMS--An Emerging Technique for the Surface Chemical Analysis ofPolymeric Biomaterials (M. Davies). Scanning Probe Microscopy--Current Issues in the Analysis ofPolymeric Biomaterials (M. Davies, et al.). Acid-Base Effects at Polymer Interfaces (C. van Oss). References. Index.

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Book SynopsisOver the last three decades many fundamental problems relating to the chemical reactions of polymers have arisen. In this book three distinguished authors present for the first time a comprehensive, theoretical and experimental analysis of macromolecular reactions, summarising advances in the field. Designed as a guide for academics and for polymer chemists and physicists in industry, this will also be an invaluable textbook for post-graduates and students as it details the peculiarities of macromolecular reactions, the quantitative investigation of reaction kinetics, product structure and processes of chemical modification. The authors are all widely regarded as worldwide experts in this field.Table of ContentsProperties of the Products of Macromolecular Reactions as Functionsof the Units Distribution and Compositional Heterogeneity. Peculiarities of Macromolecular Reactions. Neighboring Groups Effect: Theoretical Approaches. Neighboring Groups Effect: Experimental Approaches. Configurational and Conformational Effects: QuantitativeApproaches. Interchain Effects. Intermacromolecular Reactions. Experimental Characterization of Units Distribution andCompositional Heterogeneity in the Products of Macro-MolecularReactions. Conclusions. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe manner in which polymers are linked, under certain conditions, forms the main focus of this work. Spectroscopy has, over the years, proved itself to be the technique in providing information at molecular levels for many polymer systems.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: NMR Characterisation of Macromolecules in Solution (A. Fawcett, etal.). Conformation: The Connection Between the NMR Spectra and theMicrostructure of Polymers (A. Tonelli). NMR Studies of Solid Polymers (R. Harris). Multidimensional Solid-State NMR of Polymers (H. Spiess). NMR Imaging of Polymers (J. Koenig). Deformation Studies of Polymers Using Raman Spectroscopy (R.Young). Light Scattering from Polymer Systems (R. Richards). Neutron Scattering from Polymers (A. Rennie). Optical Activity and the Structure of Macromolecules (F.Ciardelli, et al.). Polymer Luminescence and Photophysics (D. Phillips M. Carey). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook combines the theoretical background and the practical methods of supramolecular chemistry. Particular emphasis is given to the methods which play an increasingly important role in the design of characterization and applications of supramolecular complexes.Trade Review"...Any research group in this field will find this book an excellent resource...it would be an excellent 'starter pack' for graduate students about to embark on an adventure in supramolecular chemistry". (Chemistry in Britain, May 2000) "this book...deserves to find a large audience. Both experienced and future researchers will benefit from reading it and keeping it close at hand." (Angewandte Chemie, 18th September 2000) "It is a comprehensive overview of non-covalent interactions and a guide to characterising molecular complexes by physical methods." (Jnl of Inclusion Phenomena Macrocyclic Chemistry, No.40 2001)Table of ContentsBasic Concepts of Host-Guest Complexation with Examples from Ionophore Chemistry. Non-Covalent Interactions and Organic Host-Guest Complexes. Medium Effects. Energetics of Supramolecular Complexes: Experimental Methods. Structural Methods. Dynamics of Supramolecular Systems. Surfactant-Based Supramolecular Systems and Dendrimers. Shape Recognition and Solid State Inclusion Complexes. Selected Applications. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisProvides information on the chemical reaction engineering aspects of polymer production processes. The text focuses on engineering aspects of reactor design and operation and how the properties of polymers are determined by the relationships between chemical kinetics and mechanical design.Table of ContentsUses and applications of polymers. Characterization and properties of polymers. The chemistry of polymer reactor engineering. Reactor engineering design. Reactor operation and control. Processing, treatment and recovery of polymers.

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Book SynopsisA summary of block copolymer chemical structures and synthesis. It discusses physical methods of characterization such as computer simulation, microhardness, dielectric spectroscopy, thermal mechanical relaxation, ultrasonic characterization, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray scattering, and NMR, among others. It also outlines rheological and processing parameters in the multiphase polymer systems with stable microstructures.Trade Review". . .contain[s] a good amount of useful information and a number of well-written papers on current subjects of interest in the field and is worthy of review by those involved in the filed of block copolymers. . ..recommended."---Polymer News, 2000 "...There are few texts that cover this technology separately, more importantly few which cover it thoroughly, which makes it a valuable reference text. HIGHLY RECOMMENDED."---Adhesives & Sealants Newsletters, 2001Table of ContentsIntroduction and plan. Methacrylate butadiene-based triblock copolymers - synthesis, characterisation, and properties; block copolymers with polyethers as flexible blocks; new multiblock terpoly (ester-ether-amide) with various chemical constitutive amide blocks; copolymers poly (eta-caprolactam)-block-(butadiene containing elastomers); dynamics and viscoelastic effects in block copolymers - real and simulated systems; structure - microhardness correlations in condensation copolymers; correlation between phase behaviour, mechanical properties, and deformation mechanisms in weakly segregated block copolymers; ultrasonic characterisation of block copolymers; dielectric relaxation of block copolymers; polymer blends with block copolymers; two multiblock copolymer blends; multiblock copolymer/homopolymer blends; structure and melt rheology of block copolymers; orientation behaviour in axial tension of half-melt poly (ether-beta-ester) copolymers; polyurethane grafted onto styrene sulfonic acid copolymers; poly (esther-ester) block copolymers with LC segments; triblock copolymers for toughness modification of immiscible engineering polymer blends; poly (esther-beta-ester) copolymers, blends, composites, and their applications; future trends in block copolymers.

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Book SynopsisColloidal Biomolecules, Biomaterials, and Biomedical Applications is an authoritative presentation of established and recent techniques promising to revolutionize the areas of biomedical diagnostics, therapeutics, pharmaceutics, and drug delivery. This exceptional book details an original homogeneous assay for biomolecule detection and capture through duplex colloid particles, as well as new methods for utilizing peptides in particle agglutination. Featuring contributions from over 30 prominent researchers, it investigates physical studies of the agglutination of sensitive latexes, and indicates benefits to drug delivery through supercritical fluid process production of polymer particles.Table of ContentsBiomedical Application for Magnetic Latexes Abdelhamid Elaissari, Raphael Veyret, Bernard Mandrand, and Jhunu Chatteriee The Agglutination Test: Aggregation of Antibody-Coated Lattices in the Presence of Antigens Serge Stoll, Lahoussine Ouali, and Emile Pefferkorn Latex Immunoagglutination AssaysJ. A. Molina-Bolivar and F. Galisteo-Gonzalez Capture and Detection of Biomolecules Using Dual Colloid Particles Agnès Perrin Polymers and Viruses: Biospecific Interactions and Biomedical Applications Emmanuelle Imbert-Laurenceau and Véronique Migonny Polymer Beads in Biomedical Chromatography: Separation of BiomoleculesAli Tuncel, Ender Ünsal, S. Tolga Çamli, and Serap Senel Interaction of Proteins with Thermally-Sensitive ParticlesHaruma Kawaguchi, David Duracher, and Abdelhamid Elaissari DNA-Like Polyelectrolytes Adsorption onto Polymer Colloids: Modelization StudySerge Stoll Amino-Containing Latexes as a Solid Support of Single-Stranded DNA Fragments and Their Use in Biomedical DiagnosisFrançois Ganachaud, Christian Pichot, and Abdelhamid Elaissari Covalent Immobilization of Peptides onto Reactive Latexes Silvina Rossi and Julio Batistoni Preparation and Applications of Silicone Emulsions Using BiopolymersMuxin Liu, Amro Ragheb, Paul Zelisko, and Michael A. Brook Colloidal Particles: Elaboration from Preformed PolymersThierry Delair Poly(Alkylcyanoacrylates): From Preparation to Real Applications as Drug Delivery SystemsChristine Vouthier, Patrick Couvreur, and Catherine Dubernet Preparation of Biodegradable Particles by Polymerization Processes S. Slomkowski Supercritical Fluid Processes for Polymer Particle Engineering: Applications in the Therapeutic AreaJoel Richard and F.S. Deschamps Index.

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Book SynopsisThe extraordinary growth in the production and use of man-made fibers over the past fewdecades has focused attention on the surface properties of fibers and textiles. This volumecombines surface science and technology in its presentation of the substantial progressthat has been made in the technology related to the surface characteristics of natural,synthetic, and glass fibers and textiles.Adopting an interdisciplinary approach , the coverage places emphasis upon the wetting,soiling, staining, frictional, and adhesive properties of fibers and fabrics, as well asphenomena related to these properties. The book offers critical reviews which describeexperimental facts, theories, and processes. Symbols are clearly defined in each chapter.Among the subjects covered are the surface properties of glass fibers, soil release, stainand water repellance, friction of fabrics, bonding of nonwovens, and the wetting of fibers.Surface Characteristics of Fibers and Textiles, Part II is an outstanding textbook forcourses dealing with surface chemistry, the mechanical properties of textiles, textiletechnology, and polymer chemistry . It is also a valuable reference book designed to makecurrent knowledge on these subjects accessible to industrial and academic researchers.Table of Contents1. The Wetting of Fibers 2. Soil Release by Textile Surfaces 3. Stain and Water Repellency of Textiles 4. Surface Properties of Glass Fibers 5. The Role of Friction in the Mechanical Behavior of Fabrics 6. Surface Properties in Relation to the Bonding of Nonwovens

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Book SynopsisLooking beyond the traditional applications of polyurethanes (PUR), Polyurethanes as Specialty Chemicals presents a different approach to polyurethane chemistry by examining a range of new products and new research for both environmental and medical applications. This book is also the first in its field to provide useful design tools for product designers to customize the foam surface.The author examines extraction methods and biodegradability of polyurethanes for removing pollutants from air and groundwater and for sanitation/wastewater treatment. Thomson also explores the behavior of polyurethanes in a biological environment, covering a broad spectrum of applications that includes artificial organs, chelating agents for pharmaceuticals, and delivery systems for skin care products and cosmetics. The in-depth treatment of biochemical processes and cellular interaction includes tissue response, cell adhesion, 3D cell scaffolding for cell propagation, the immobilization of enzTrade Review"The reference section combines historic and current literature, with an excellent glossary at the end. The figures and photos are of high quality, and experimental data are added to reinforce the argument as to the versatility of polyurethanes. The book should serve as a very good reference to those considering the design of new products in the general areas of environmental-, pharmaceutical-, medical-, and bio-technology and is highly recommended." - Polymer News, May 2005 "The Author is an expert in the field of PUR chemistry. This text provides a comprehensive coverage on a wide range of topics from physical properties of the material to its application in the chemical, medical, and biochemical industries… The author has a very lucid style of writing." Palligarnai Vasudaven, University of New Hampshire, Durham, USATable of ContentsIntroduction. Polyurethane chemistry in brief; Structure/Property relationships; Extraction of synthetic chemicals; Environmental applications continued; Biomedical applications of polyurethanes; Development of an artificial organ; Other applications defined

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