Fossil fuel technologies Books
Chelsea Green Publishing Co Oil, Power, and War: A Dark History
Book SynopsisCatholic Herald Book Awards 2019 Finalist, Current Affairs "Auzanneau has created a towering telling of a dark and dangerous addiction.”—Nature The story of oil is one of hubris, fortune, betrayal, and destruction. It is the story of a resource that has been undeniably central to the creation of our modern culture, and ever-present during the darkest exploits of empire the world over. For the past 150 years, oil has become the most essential ingredient for economic, military, and political power. And it has brought us to our present moment in which political leaders and the fossil-fuel industry consider extraordinary, and extraordinarily dangerous, policy on a world stage marked by shifting power bases. Upending the conventional wisdom by crafting a “people’s history,” award-winning journalist Matthieu Auzanneau deftly traces how oil became a national and then global addiction, outlines the enormous consequences of that addiction, sheds new light on major historical and contemporary figures, and raises new questions about stories we thought we knew well: What really sparked the oil crises in the 1970s, the shift away from the gold standard at Bretton Woods, or even the financial crash of 2008? How has oil shaped the events that have defined our times: two world wars, the Cold War, the Great Depression, ongoing wars in the Middle East, the advent of neoliberalism, and the Great Recession, among them? With brutal clarity, Oil, Power, and War exposes the heavy hand oil has had in all of our lives—and illustrates how much heavier that hand could get during the increasingly desperate race to control the last of the world’s easily and cheaply extractable reserves. Trade Review"In his scholarly but impassioned book, Matthieu Auzanneau provides a wide-ranging account of the effect oil has had on the minutiae of daily life and the grandest geopolitical narratives.”—Geographical “Beautifully written and marvelously translated, Oil, Power, and War provides a detailed history of oil’s impact on economic and technical advances—and, in turn, their impact on oil—over the past century. Extending its narrative through the events of early 2018, it offers a profound new understanding of oil’s role in war and peace, growth and stagnation; and it casts new light on the foundations of national power and the challenge that lies ahead. A terrific education and an engrossing read.”—Dennis Meadows, coauthor of The Limits to Growth“The definitive history of the rise and eventual fall of oil, brilliantly told. Auzanneau illuminates the history of our time driven by cheap oil and the persistent search for more at all costs. Insightful, authoritative, and essential reading. A dazzling and wise book.”—David Orr, author of Dangerous Years; Paul Sears Distinguished Professor of Environmental Studies and Politics, Oberlin College“Matthieu Auzanneau’s ambitious new history of oil is a must read for anyone intrigued by the instrumental role of energy in the ebb and flow of modern civilization. This is a richly documented and beautifully written book, which tells a story that has not been fully told—until now. Auzanneau masterfully reveals the vast extent to which the arteries of today’s politics, economics, and culture have been indelibly shaped by the rise—and decline—of the world’s most abundant fossil fuel. In years to come, historians will refer back to Auzanneau’s work as a definitive guide to the real role of oil in some of the most pivotal events in world history.”—Nafeez Ahmed, editor of INSURGE intelligence; visiting research fellow at the Global Sustainability Institute at Anglia Ruskin University“Auzanneau’s Oil, Power, and War is a fascinating and excellent book. It sets out in detail the extraordinary story of oil’s discovery, production, pricing, and control, and throws light on the fears, misapprehensions, power plays, and conflicts that our addiction to this cheap and flexible form of energy has engendered. Auzanneau is particularly good at explaining the importance of oil in the sustenance of modern society, and therefore why the coming constraint to the global oil supply—caused by the current resource-limited plateau (and soon decline) in the global production of conventional oil—is likely to be so difficult. Hopefully lessons learned from our past mistakes, laid out so well in this book, can help guide us through the oil challenges that lie ahead.”—R. W. Bentley, editor of The Oil Age; author of Introduction to Peak Oil“Matthieu Auzanneau’s book is a must for anyone who wants to understand the modern world. Our consumer society is based on cheap energy. Thus if you want to know the sources of the world’s current wealth and how our economy is likely to evolve in the future, you must study the history of world oil since 1859. This book tells that story more fully, fairly, accurately, and entertainingly than any other to date. Indeed, previous accounts of the history of oil are now effectively obsolete.”—Jean Laherrère, petroleum engineer; president of ASPO France“An absolutely great book, and a nearly unbelievable summary of the history of oil. But this is not just the story of oil, it is also the story of humankind during the past two centuries or so, and it shows how almost everything that happened during those centuries links back to oil. Auzanneau presents a treasure trove of information not available anywhere else—at least not in a well-organized and critical form, as most books written on this subject are sponsored or supported, one way or another, by the fossil-fuel industry. Did you know that Mussolini was lured into his disastrous Ethiopian campaign by hopes of finding oil there? Did you know that the British won the Battle of Britain partly because the fuel of their Spitfires had a higher octane number than that of the German Messerschmitts? Did you know that the Marshall Plan to rebuild the European economies was based on the idea of replacing Europe’s dependence on American oil with a dependence on US-controlled Middle East oil? There’s all this and much more in Oil, Power, and War, and the story of oil and humankind is not yet concluded. In the future it will be mostly about getting rid of oil before oil gets rid of us.”—Ugo Bardi, author of ExtractedTable of ContentsForeword Introduction I . . . to 1945 Germination 1 A Seed Is Planted 2 John D. Rockefeller, the Power of Petroleum, and the Spiral of Expansion 3 Sharing the World Market: The First Attempts, at the Cradle of Royal Dutch Shell 4 The Automobile: American Oil Regenerates Capitalism 5 The Tank: American Oil Feeds the Victorious Fighting Machines of the Great War 6 The Roaring 1920s: Consolidating the New Empires 7 Birth of a Petrol-Nation: Iraq 8 The Majors Band Together: A Secretly Planned Industry Weathers the Great Depression Unscathed 9 The Persistent Alliance of Big Oil with Nazi Germany 10 The Enablers of the Second World War II 1945-1970 Spring 11 After Yalta: The United States and Saudi Arabia Seal their Alliance 12 Washington Gives Absolute Power to American Petroleum 13 Big Oil's Planetary Empire and the Rockefellers' Hegemonic Ambitions 14 Big Oil Asserts Itself: A Matrix of Political Power in Washington 15 Saudi Arabia and Gabon: Nations Spoiled by Oil 16 Cartel Against Cartel: OPEC's Painful Emergence 17 The Leapfrog Effect: Algeria, Biafra, and Libya 18 The Golden Childhood of the Oil-Made Man III 1970-1998 Summer 19 OPEC: Scapegoat for a 1973 Oil Crisis Made in the USA? 20 Oil Money: After Neocolonialism, a Perilous Symbiosis 21 The Second Oil Crisis: A Deadly Vortex of Power Is Unleashed Around the Persian Gulf 22 The Long Iran-Iraq War: A Lose-Lose Game Orchestrated by the Reagan Administration? 23 The Oil Countershock: The Frenzy of the Reagan Years, the Collapse of the USSR, and the BCCI Scandal 24 Dear Saddam: The Gulf War, the Fate of the Iraqi People, and the Long-Term Interests of Uncle Sam 25 Planetary Harvest: The Time of Scandals 26 Grandeur and Decadence: The Explosion of Opulence, Misery, and the Human Footprint IV 1998-20?? Autumn 27 Oil's Future Decline Is Announced: The Persian Gulf Returns to the Center of the Chessboard 28 September 11, 2001: A Rogue Pearl Harbor 29 Shocks and Ruptures: The Occupation of Iraq and Crisis of 2008 30 Winter, Tomorrow? Afterword Appendices The Oil Corridor The Price of Crude Oil: 1861-December 2016 World Production of Petroleum and Substitutes: Historical and Projected Production by Region, 1965-2013 The Oil Majors The Persian Gulf Giants Acknowledgments Notes Index
£17.99
Yale University Press Burn Out
Book Synopsis
£13.29
Penguin Putnam Inc No Good Alternative Volume Two of Carbon
Book Synopsis“The most honest book about climate change yet.” —The Atlantic“The Infinite Jest of climate books.” —The BafflerAn eye-opening look at the consequences of coal mining and oil and natural gas production—the second of a two volume work by award-winning author William T. Vollmann on the ideologies of energy production and the causes of climate changeThe second volume of William T. Vollmann's epic book about the factors and human actions that have led to global warming begins in the coal fields of West Virginia and Eastern Kentucky, where America's best friend is not merely a fuel, but a heritage. Over the course of four years Vollmann finds hollowed out towns with coal-polluted streams and acidified drinking water; makes covert visits to mountaintop removal mines; and offers documented accounts of unpaid fines for federal health and safety violations and of miners who died
£17.00
HarperCollins Publishers The Good Hand A Memoir of Work Brotherhood and
Book SynopsisA TIMES AND SUNDAY TIMES BEST BOOK OF 2021Thrillingly and wrenchingly funny like EducatedandHillbilly Elegy'DAVID LIPSKYAfter reading The Good Hand you may reassess whether you have ever truly done a hard day's work in your life This lyrical and engrossing memoir is an extraordinary tale Undeniably powerful' SUNDAY TIMESThe must-read memoir of 2021.Michael Patrick Smith grew up in a ramshackle farmhouse where his father beat the walls and threw dinner plates. As a restless young man left unmoored by the crashing economy, Smith cut a path to North Dakota to rent a mattress on a flophouse floor. Sleeping boot to beard with the other rough-edged men looking to earn a cent drilling for oil, Smith wanted the work to burn him clean of his violent upbringing, his demons, his disjointed, doomed relationships. He did not expect, among these quick-fisted, foul-mouthed hands, to find a community.The Good Hand is a memoir of danger and exhaustion, of suffering, loneliness and grit, of masculinTrade Review‘After reading The Good Hand you may reassess whether you have ever truly done a hard day’s work in your life … This lyrical and engrossing memoir is an extraordinary tale … Smith writes movingly of his chaotic childhood … the tragedies slowly drip out … There have been predictable comparisons to other recent hardship autobiographies — JD Vance’s Hillbilly Elegy and Tara Westover’s Educated — but Smith’s story, blessedly, comes with more (crude) humour … Undeniably powerful’Sunday Times ‘Thrillingly and wrenchingly funny … like Educated and Hillbilly Elegy, The Good Hand is one of those brilliant close-ups that suddenly flips to become a wide shot of the American moment. An engrossing combination of participation, reportage, self-discovery, and witness’David Lipsky, author of Although of Course You End Up Becoming Yourself ‘Smith guides us through a long muddy year in North Dakota’s oil boom … It’s a surprisingly tender account of a man who is searching for salvation – from the sins of his family, from the drunken and drugged-up sins of a world broken by corporations – while trying desperately to find himself through work’Robert Sullivan, author of The Thoreau You Don’t Know ‘A sincere and colourful account of down-and-out men trying to make it and maybe grow up in the eternal dreary tailgate party and crushing dangerous toil of the fracking boom. As one of Smith’s mentors tells him, “now you know why gas is so expensive.”’William T. Vollmann, author of The Lucky Star ‘A thrill-read – There Will Be Blood made modern, and with added wit – The Good Hand is that rare literary treasure: all things, all at once. By mixing memoir with reportage and analysis, and telling his tale with rigor and joy, Smith gives us a hoot that also feels necessary’Darin Strauss, author of Half a Life
£10.44
Penguin Books Ltd A Pipeline Runs Through It
Book SynopsisTrade ReviewFascinating revelations ... Fisher has performed a notable service. -- Max Hastings * Sunday Times *Impressively weighty history ... a wonderfully detailed and colourful book. -- Steven Poole * Daily Telegraph *Fisher is a diligent and thoughtful guide ... deeply researched and rich in detail ... a valuable contribution to deepening [our] understanding. -- Ed Crooks * Financial Times *A compelling read, crammed with eyewitness accounts, and an immensely valuable guide to a great and terrible industry. * The Economist *Offers a foretaste of almost everything that followed in the later 20th century ... Fisher narrates this hefty history with remarkable restraint. -- Barnaby Crowcroft * Literary Review *Here, at last, is the book I have long been waiting for: an unsparing, comprehensive, and thoroughly documented history of the global oil industry and its pernicious influence on human society and the planet we inhabit... Essential reading. -- Michael KlareA book that offers the reader a clear-eyed analysis of the global history of oil exploration and exploitation ... very deeply researched, wonderfully illuminating, penetrating in its analysis, and written with great verve. It is a gem of a book, a brave book, a book that will become indispensable in this field. -- Douglas Newton, author of THE DARKEST DAYSFisher's extensive research builds upon the foundations of global petroleum histories and then drills deeper to illuminate the intricate contexts of the origins to our oil addiction. A Pipeline Runs Through It is sure to spark some lively debates over the causes and outcomes of petroleum production through the ages. -- Stephen C. Cote, Ph.D., author of OIL AND NATIONImpressively researched and fun to read, A Pipeline Runs Through It provides our deepest understanding yet of oil's early decades, foreshadowing its rise into a vital strategic commodity that determined the fate of nations in the twentieth century. -- John V. Bowlus, Lecturer and Researcher at Kadir Has University, Istanbul
£36.00
Elsevier Science IoT for Smart Operations in the Oil and Gas
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction to Smart O&G Industry 2. Smart Upstream Sector 3. Smart Midstream of O&G Industry 4. Smart Downstream Sector of O&G Industry 5. Threats and Side-Effects of Smart Solutions in Oil and Gas Industry 6. Designing a Disaster Management System for Smart Oil Fields 7. Case Study I: Analysis of Oil Spill Detection Using Deep Neural Networks 8. Case Study II: Evaluating DNN Applications in Smart O&G Industry
£97.20
Taylor & Francis Introduction to Oil and Gas Operational Safety
Book SynopsisThis companion to Introduction to Oil and Gas Operational Safety will help you to prepare for the written assessment of the NEBOSH International Technical Certificate in Oil and Gas Operational Safety. Aligned directly to the NEBOSH syllabus, this revision guide includes learning outcomes and key revision points to help you consolidate your knowledge to enable you to effectively discharge workplace safety and responsibilities.With reference to the textbook, this revision guide provides complete syllabus coverage in bite sized chunks to help you pass the certificate and become an efficient practitioner in the Oil and Gas industry. Small, handy size making it ideal for use at home, in the classroom or on the move Includes revision exercises and answers to check your understanding Everything you need for productive revision in one handy reference source Table of Contents1. Health, Safety and Environmental Management in Context - Learning from Incidents, 2. Health, Safety and Environmental Management in Context - Hazards Inherent in Oil and Gas, 3. Health, Safety and Environmental Management in Context - Risk Management Techniques used in the Oil and Gas Industries, 4. Health, Safety and Environmental Management in Context - An Organization's Documented Evidence to Provide a Convincing and Valid Argument that a System is Adequately Safe, 5. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 1 - Contract Management, 6. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 1 - Process Safety Management, 7. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 1 - Role and Purpose of a Permit-to-Work system, 8. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 1 - Key Principles of Safe Shift Handover, 9. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 1 - Plant Operations and Maintenance, 10. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 1 - Start-Up and Shutdown, 11. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 2 - Failure Modes, 12. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 2 - Other Types of Failures, 13. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 2 - Safety Critical Equipment Controls, 14. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 2 - Safe Containment of Hydrocarbons, 15. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 2 - Fire Hazards, Risks and Controls, 16. Hydrocarbon Process Safety 2 - Furnace and Boiler Operations, 17. Fire Protection and Emergency Response - Fire and Explosion in the Oil and Gas Industries, 18. Fire Protection and Emergency Response - Emergency Response, 19. Logistics and Transport Operations - Marine Transport, 20. Logistics and Transport Operations - Land Transport
£28.49
John Wiley & Sons Inc Applied HydroAeromechanics in Oil and Gas
Book SynopsisAn all-in-one reference combining hydrodynamic theory with drilling applications for the design, planning, and optimization of drilling operations Hydromechanical processes underlie the majority of technology operations in drilling and present a crucial concern as the pace and depth of drilling increasesin today''s energy-hungry world. Applied Hydro-aeromechanics in Oil and Gas Drilling offers a unique resource for properly modeling and understanding the hydro-dynamic forces affecting a drilling site. Combining hydrodynamic theory with specific drilling applications, this coverage provides readers with a comprehensive reference for designing, planning, and optimizing drilling operations. Featuring the latest technologies and developments affecting the field, Applied Hydro-aeromechanics in Oil and Gas Drilling covers topics including: The physics of hydro-aeromechanical phenomena in drilling processes Calculation methodsTable of ContentsPreface. Notation. 1 Main results and development lines in hydro-aeromechanics of drilling processes. 2 Basic problems of hydro-aeromechanics in drilling processes. 3 Multiphase media in drilling processes. 4 Hydro- aeromechanic equations in drilling processes. 4.1 Mass conservation equation. 4.2 Momentum (motion) equation. 4.3 Thermodynamic equations of state. 4.4 Rheological equations of state. 4.5 Equation of concentrations. 4.6 Formulation of hydro-aerodynamic problems for drilling processes. 5 Hydrostatics of single-phase fluids and two-phase mixtures in gravity field. 5.1 Hydrostatics of single-phase fluids. 5.2 Hydrostatics of incompressible fluid at τw = 0. 5.3 Hydrostatics of single-phase compressible fluid (gas) at τw = 0. 5.4 Hydrostatics of slightly compressible fluid τw = 0. 5.5 Hydrostatics of a fluid with dynamic shear stress (τw‡0). 5.6 Hydrostatics of two-phase fluids. 6 Stationary flow of fluids in elements of well circulation system. 6.1 Equations for stationary flows of homogeneous incompressible fluids. 6.2 Calculation of pressure in laminar flows of viscous incompressible fluids in circular slots, pipes and annular channels. 6.3 Calculation of pressure in laminar flow of viscous-plastic fluids in circular slots, pipes and annular channels. 6.4 Calculation of pressure in laminar flow of power incompressible fluids in circular slots, pipes and annular channels. 6.5 Calculation of pressure in turbulent flow in circular pipes and annular channels. 6.6 Transition of laminar flow of viscous, viscous-plastic and power fluids into turbulent one. 6.7 Calculation of pressure in eccentric annulus. Formation of stagnation zones. 6.8 Effect of internal pipe rotation on pressure in annulus. 6.9 Pressure drop in local resistances of circulation system. 7 Equilibrium and motion of rigid particles in fluid, gas and gas-liquid mixture. 7.1 Washing of the well bottom. 7.2 Levitation of rigid particles in fluid, gas and gas-liquid flows. 7.3 Flow rate of fluid, gas and gas-liquid mixture needed for removal of cutting from well bore. 7.4 Calculation of ball drop time in descending flow of washing fluid in a column of pipes. 7.5 Hydraulic calculation of a circulation system in drilling with incompressible washing fluid. 8 Stationary flow of gas and gas-cutting mixture in elements of well circulation system. 8.1 Pressure distribution in ascending flow of gas and gas-cutting mixture in annular channel of a well. 8.2 Pressure distribution in descending flow of gas in pipes. 8.3 Pressure losses in bit heads and pipe joints. 8.4 Calculation procedure of pump capacity and compressor pressure in drilling with blasting. 9 Stationary flows of gas-liquid mixtures in a well. 9.1 Equations of gas-liquid mixture flow. 9.2 Laminar ascending flow of gas-liquid mixtures in pipes and annular channels. 9.3 Calculation of pressure in pipes and annular space in ascending vertical turbulent flows of gas-liquid mixtures. 9.4 Pressure drop in bit heads in flow of gas-liquid mixture. 9.5 Pressure drop in turbo-drills. 9.6 Calculation of pressure in pipes in descending vertical turbulent flow of gas-liquid mixture. 9.7 Method of calculation of delivery and pressure of pumps and compressors in drilling with aerated fluid washing. 9.8 Effect of gas solubility in fluid on pressure of a mixture in a well. 10 Non-stationary flows of single-phase fluids in a well. 10.1 Equations for non-stationary single-phase flows. 10.2 Non-stationary flows of incompressible fluid in round trip operations. 10.3 Hydrodynamic pressure in round trip operation in a well filled by viscous fluid. 10.4 Hydrodynamic pressure generated by drill-stem descent in a well filled by viscous-plastic fluid. 10.5 Examples of pressure calculations in round trip operations. 10.6 Non-stationary fluid flow in a well as wave process. 10.7. Pressure calculation in deterioration of the safety bypass. 10.8 Calculation of pressure in recovery of circulation in a well. 10.9 Calculation of pressure in a well in settling of ball cage on a seat (thrust ring) in drill-stem. 10.10 Calculation of pressure in round trip of a drill-stem as wave process. 11 Flows of formation fluids and rock solids. 11.1 Basic equations of fluid and rock solid flows. 11.2 Stationary laminar flows of incompressible and compressible fluids and gases. 11.3 Nonstationary laminar flows of incompressible and compressible fluids and gases. 11.4 Flows of formation fluids and rock solids at regimes different from laminar. 12 Nonstationary flow of gas-liquid mixtures in well-formation system. 12.1 Estimation of bottom-hole decompression in removal of gas bench from a well. 12.2 Recognition of gas outburst and selection of regimes of its liquidation. 12.3 Calculation of amount, density and delivery of fluid needed to kill the open gas blowout. 12.4 Calculation of pressure at the well mouth in blowout killing by direct pumping of killing fluid into the well. 13 Nonstationary flows of fluid mixtures in well-formation system Calculation of fluid-gas blowout killing. 14 Distribution of concentration and pressure in displacement of Newtonian and viscous-plastic fluids from circular pipes and annular channels. Hydraulic calculation of cementation regime. 14.1 Main reasons of incompletely displacement of fluids. 14.2 Distribution of concentrations in displacement of one fluid by another fluid. 14.3 Taking into account needed displacement completeness in calculations of cementing. 14.4 Method of hydraulic calculation of cementing regimes with regard to given concentration in channel cross-section. 14.5 Calculation of single-stage well cementation. Method and calculation of cementation with foam-cement slurry. 15 Sedimentation of rigid phase in drilling fluid after deadlock of mixing. 15.1 One-dimensional equation for hydraulic pressure in sedimentation of rigid phase of suspension. 15.2 Lowering of hydraulic pressure in a well after deadlock of solution circulation. 16 Experimental determination of rheological characteristics. 16.1 Determination of rheological characteristics with rotary viscometer. 16.2 Determination of rheological characteristics with capillary viscometer. 16.3 Determination of rheological characteristics of rock solids. 16.4 Examples of application of rheological characteristics. References. Author index. Subject index. About the Authors.
£114.26
Thames & Hudson Ltd Stacking Wood
Book SynopsisThe country farmers of the Ausseerland in Austria take special pride in the building of their woodpiles. The wood is arranged to create highly varied patterns which are peculiar to each individual stacker. This is a photographic chronicle of this unique local tradition.
£15.51
Harvard University Press The Bridge Natural Gas in a Redivided Europe
Book SynopsisEurope and Russia are pushing against each other in a contest of economic doctrines and political ambitions, seemingly erasing the vision of cooperation that emerged from the end of the Cold War. Thane Gustafson argues that natural gas serves as a bridge over troubled geopolitical waters, uniting the region through common economic interests.Trade ReviewTells a story that sheds new light on postwar Europe, as well as touching on many of the most important themes of that era…A richly detailed analysis written with a relaxed, lucid style…One of Gustafson’s central themes is the way that economics have often trumped politics in the European gas trade. -- Ed Crooks * Financial Times *Tells how ingenuity, determination and the logic of commerce overcame geopolitics in a way that illuminates not only the story of a molecule, but the recent history of a whole continent. -- Rupert Darwall * Wall Street Journal *What an excellent book. Imagine somebody—in this case Thane Gustafson—taking all those snippets of gas history you used to read about and turning them into a coherent, well-written narrative…Every topic should have a book like this about it. -- Tyler Cowen * Marginal Revolution *A readable, intelligent, even-handed historical interpretation of this modern economic relationship [between Europe and Russia]. * Nature *A must-read for anyone interested in energy and European or Russian political and economic history. -- John V. Bowlus * Energy Reporters *Sets out the genesis of Russia’s gas contract with Germany—and the West—and how it yet may be blown-up by increasing geopolitical tensions. -- Jason Corcoran * bne IntelliNews *Well worth a read for those wanting more insight into the mindsets of the main actors and what might influence the flow of Russian gas to Europe in the future. -- William Powell * Natural Gas World *Gustafson recounts the fascinating history of the rise of the Russian and European gas industries and the emergence of the Russian–European gas trade from its beginnings in the early cold war to the troubled present day…With his seminal works on the history of Soviet and Russian oil and gas, Gustafson has long established himself as the doyen in his field. The Bridge is yet another essential addition for all those interested in the modern history of fossil fuels, Russian–European economic relations, and the intriguing mechanisms underlying the Soviet/Russian decision-making process in the area of energy. -- Jeronim Perović * Journal of Modern History *A useful exploration of Europe’s energy future…Gustafson shows how the European Union has used its legal powers…to limit the ability of the Russian energy giant Gazprom to monopolize supply for the continent. He also outlines how the changing nature of the gas industry itself has shifted the balance of power. -- Neil Bhatiya * Foreign Affairs *[A] seminal work on Russia’s oil and gas industry. -- Liam Denning * Bloomberg *Comprehensive analysis… By tracking the role of natural gas through several countries—Russia and Ukraine, the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands and Norway—The Bridge details both its history and its likely future. -- Dominic Lenton * Engineering and Technology *Makes a provocative argument that gas is less of a geostrategic/geopolitical threat and in fact contributes to long-term stability in Europe. * BRINK *Highly informative…By providing a detailed and comparative examination of Russian–European gas relations since the 1960s, it enables the reader to develop a broader understanding of the cooperative and conflictual nature of Russian–European relations. Moreover, it provides a comprehensive picture of the past, present and even future of Russian–European gas relations. -- Taylan Özgür Kaya * Europe-Asia Studies *Elegantly written by one of the world’s experts on the subject, The Bridge deftly combines narrative and analysis with Gustafson’s own distinctive perspective. It tells an important story—the development of the gas relationship between Russia and Europe, the politics around it, and the circumstances and interaction of personalities that have shaped it. -- Daniel Yergin, author of the Pulitzer Prize–winning The Prize and The QuestExtraordinarily well-researched and well-argued, this book provides an account of the economics and geopolitics of gas in Europe over recent decades. Anyone looking for pointers on how gas will feature in Europe’s increasingly low-carbon energy mix would be well advised to read this keen analysis of the future prospects for this less-polluting fossil fuel. -- Sir Philip Lowe, former Director-General of Energy, European CommissionThis compelling narrative illuminates one of the most important dimensions of Europe’s relations with Russia. The Bridge explains that Russia’s gas bridge is two-way, focusing on why, despite tense political relations and U.S. opposition, it continues to bind Russia and Europe together. -- Angela Stent, author of Putin’s World: Russia against the West and with the RestThis excellent book reveals the controversial and sophisticated forces driving Russian and European gas industries and trade. While we do not know whether this bridge will prevail, the outcome will be of crucial importance for the global economic and political landscape. -- Tatiana Mitrova, Director, Energy Center, Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVOThe Bridge is an extremely fact-rich and thoroughly researched story about people, technology, and ideas within and around the European gas industry. Anyone wishing to understand and navigate the politics and business of European energy cannot ignore Gustafson’s insights. -- Gert Maichel, The Mobility House, former CEO of Wingas, and former senior manager of WintershallWell-researched and well-written. A very fine book. -- Jonathan Stern, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
£24.61
MP-KAN Uni Press of Kansas Carbon Nation Fossil Fuels in the Making of
Book SynopsisTrade ReviewJohnson has crafted a unique and exciting interdisciplinary treatise on the concept of energy in American life that profoundly informs our understanding of the basic cultural patterns of twentieth-century living. His writing style is spry and intelligent, while his insights are provocative and terribly important and should inspire scholars in a number of fields."" - Brian Black, author of Crude Reality: Petroleum in World History and Petrolia: The Landscape of America's First Oil Boom"Bob Johnson examines the shift away from renewable energy to fossil fuels during the century before the energy crisis of the 1970s, and he explores the ambivalent cultural consequences of that transformation, as Americans sought to ignore its environmental costs as they embraced a narrative of technological empowerment" - David E. Nye, author of Technology Matters"Armed with a dazzling array of facts and the insights of cultural criticism, Bob Johnson probes the subsoil ecology of the modern self, those psychic and material traumas that comprise the deepest collateral damage of our now international carbon economy." - Stephanie LeMenager, author of Living Oil: Petroleum Culture in the American CenturyTable of Contents Acknowledgments Introduction: Modernity's Basement Part I: Divergence 1. A People of Prehistoric Carbon 2. Rocks and Bodies Part II: Submergence 3. An Upthrust into Barbarism 4. The Dynamo-Mother 5. A Faint Whiff of Gasoline Conclusion: A Return of the Repressed Appendix: Energy and Power Notes Selected Bibliography Index
£24.26
Cornell University Press Subterranean Estates
Book SynopsisThis innovative, interdisciplinary volume provides a new perspective on the material, symbolic, cultural, and social meanings of the multidimensional world of the global oil and gas industry.Trade ReviewJuxtaposed between the 'intellectual vertigo' induced by this massive industry and 'oil's cynosural politics,' the authors seek to clear away some of the 'epistemic murk' that pervades the worlds of oil and gas (p. 9).... Readers will note a meticulous focus on revealing, demystifying or engaging anew those features of the substance and the industry that have remained mostly out of the purview of examination.... The renewed engagement with oil materialities reveals important aspects of the everyday life of a resource and an industry that is as convoluted as it is complicated, powerful, destructive, ubiquitous, and ambiguous. -- Amber Murrey * Antipode *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Oil TalkHannah Appel, Arthur Mason, and Michael WattsPart I. Oil as a Way of Life1. Oil for Life: The Bureau of Mines and the Biopolitics of the Petroleum MarketMatt Huber2. Velocity and ViscosityPeter Hitchcock3. Deep Oil and Deep Culture in the Russian UralsDouglas Rogers4. Oil, Masculinity, and Violence: Egbesu Worship in the Niger Delta of NigeriaRebecca Golden TimsarPart II. The Oil Archive, Expertise, and Strategic Knowledges5. The Oil ArchivesAndrew Barry6. Securing the Natural Gas Boom: Oil Field Service Companies and Hydraulic Fracturing's Regulatory ExemptionsSara Wylie7. Crude Contamination: Law, Science, and Indeterminacy in Ecuador and BeyondSuzana Sawyer8. The Image World of Middle Eastern OilMona DamlujiSpecters of Oil: An Introduction to the Photographs of Ed KashiMichael J. WattsPhoto EssayEd KashiPart III. Oil Markets: Turbulence, Risk, and Security9. Near Futures and Perfect Hedges in the Gulf of MexicoLeigh Johnson10. Securing Oil: Frontiers, Risk, and Spaces of Accumulated InsecurityMichael J. Watts11. Oil Assemblages and the Production of Confusion: Price Fluctuations in Two West African Oil-Producing EconomiesJane I. GuyerPart IV. Hard and Soft Infrastructures12. Offshore Work: Infrastructure and Hydrocarbon Capitalism in Equatorial GuineaHannah Appel13. Black Oil Business: Rogue Pipelines, Hydrocarbon Dealers, and the "Economics" of Oil TheftElizabeth Gelber14. The Political Economy of Oil Privatization in Post-Soviet KazakhstanSaulesh YessenovaPart V. Oil Futures and Oil Transitions15. Carbon, Convertibility, and the Technopolitics of OilHannah Knox16. Events Collectives: The Social Life of a Promise-Disappointment CycleArthur Mason17. Reserves, Secrecy, and the Science of Oil Prognostication in Southern ArabiaMandana E. Limbert18. Vicious Transparency: Contesting Canada’s Hydrocarbon FutureAnna ZalikReferencesIndex
£91.80
Cornell University Press The Depths of Russia
Book SynopsisRussia is among the world's leading oil producers, sitting atop the planet's eighth largest reserves. Like other oil-producing nations, it has been profoundly transformed by the oil industry. In The Depths of Russia, Douglas Rogers offers a nuanced and multifaceted analysis of oil's place in Soviet and Russian life, based on ethnographic fieldwork and archival research in the Perm region of the Urals. Moving beyond models of oil calibrated to capitalist centers and postcolonial petrostates, Rogers traces the distinctive contours of the socialistand then postsocialistoil complex, showing how oil has figured in the making and remaking of space and time, state and corporation, exchange and money, and past and present. He pays special attention to the material properties and transformations of oil (from depth in subsoil deposits to toxicity in refining) and to the ways oil has echoed through a range of cultural registers. The Depths of Russia challenges the common fTrade ReviewRogers focuses on how things work within oil corporations: how the new oil giants evolved out of Soviet carcasses; how they operate in symbiosis with the state; and, in particular, how they directly shape social and cultural institutions. The intersection of oil, money, and power might be a sexier topic. But the ways in which politicians and corporate bosses redefine and blend roles on the ground—indeed, to the point that Lukoil-Perm assumed the lead in a grand campaign to make the city of Perm a capital of culture, competing with St. Petersburg—provide more insight into the real texture of everyday. * Foreign Affairs *In general, many of the books trying to explain contemporary Russia are awkwardly similar in their approaches.... Douglas Rogers' book on the role of oil as a source for both state-building and a re-invention of culture in the Perm region is an innovative and enriching... exception to this trend. * Transitions Online *[The Depths of Russia]... shows how a detailed anthropological study of a region far from Moscow and St. Petersburg can reveal new and unexpected information about developments in Russia. These results make this a book well worth reading and pondering over. It is an important contribution to anthropology/ethnography, business studies, and the understanding of postsocialist Russia. * Slavic Review *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Oil, States and Corporations, and the Politics of CulturePart 1. From Socialist to Postsocialist Oil1. The Socialist Oil Complex: Scarcity and Hierarchies of Prestige in the Second Baku2. Circulation before Privatization: Petrobarter and New Corporate Forms3. The Lukoilization of Production: Space, Capital, and Surrogate CurrenciesPart 2. The Book Years4. State/Corporation: The Social and Cultural Project Movement5. Corporation/State: Lukoil as General Partner of the Perm RegionPart 3. The Cultural Front6. Oil and Culture: The Depths of Postsocialism7. Alternative Energies: Lukoil-Perm in Corporate and Cultural Fields8. "Bilbao on the Kama"?: The Perm Cultural Project and Its CriticsAppendix: Governors of the Perm Region in the Post-Soviet PeriodGlossaryReferencesIndex
£26.59
MB - Cornell University Press Subterranean Estates
Book SynopsisThis innovative, interdisciplinary volume provides a new perspective on the material, symbolic, cultural, and social meanings of the multidimensional world of the global oil and gas industry.Trade ReviewJuxtaposed between the 'intellectual vertigo' induced by this massive industry and 'oil's cynosural politics,' the authors seek to clear away some of the 'epistemic murk' that pervades the worlds of oil and gas (p. 9).... Readers will note a meticulous focus on revealing, demystifying or engaging anew those features of the substance and the industry that have remained mostly out of the purview of examination.... The renewed engagement with oil materialities reveals important aspects of the everyday life of a resource and an industry that is as convoluted as it is complicated, powerful, destructive, ubiquitous, and ambiguous. -- Amber Murrey * Antipode *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Oil TalkHannah Appel, Arthur Mason, and Michael WattsPart I. Oil as a Way of Life1. Oil for Life: The Bureau of Mines and the Biopolitics of the Petroleum MarketMatt Huber2. Velocity and ViscosityPeter Hitchcock3. Deep Oil and Deep Culture in the Russian UralsDouglas Rogers4. Oil, Masculinity, and Violence: Egbesu Worship in the Niger Delta of NigeriaRebecca Golden TimsarPart II. The Oil Archive, Expertise, and Strategic Knowledges5. The Oil ArchivesAndrew Barry6. Securing the Natural Gas Boom: Oil Field Service Companies and Hydraulic Fracturing's Regulatory ExemptionsSara Wylie7. Crude Contamination: Law, Science, and Indeterminacy in Ecuador and BeyondSuzana Sawyer8. The Image World of Middle Eastern OilMona DamlujiSpecters of Oil: An Introduction to the Photographs of Ed KashiMichael J. WattsPhoto EssayEd KashiPart III. Oil Markets: Turbulence, Risk, and Security9. Near Futures and Perfect Hedges in the Gulf of MexicoLeigh Johnson10. Securing Oil: Frontiers, Risk, and Spaces of Accumulated InsecurityMichael J. Watts11. Oil Assemblages and the Production of Confusion: Price Fluctuations in Two West African Oil-Producing EconomiesJane I. GuyerPart IV. Hard and Soft Infrastructures12. Offshore Work: Infrastructure and Hydrocarbon Capitalism in Equatorial GuineaHannah Appel13. Black Oil Business: Rogue Pipelines, Hydrocarbon Dealers, and the "Economics" of Oil TheftElizabeth Gelber14. The Political Economy of Oil Privatization in Post-Soviet KazakhstanSaulesh YessenovaPart V. Oil Futures and Oil Transitions15. Carbon, Convertibility, and the Technopolitics of OilHannah Knox16. Events Collectives: The Social Life of a Promise-Disappointment CycleArthur Mason17. Reserves, Secrecy, and the Science of Oil Prognostication in Southern ArabiaMandana E. Limbert18. Vicious Transparency: Contesting Canada’s Hydrocarbon FutureAnna ZalikReferencesIndex
£28.49
Rowman & Littlefield Publishers The Politics of Oil and Revolution in Iran
Book SynopsisThis book discusses the influence of oil on the internal politics of Iran.
£14.24
MP-WBK World Bank Group Publ Energy from Biomass A Review of Combustion and
Book SynopsisReviews the state of the art of biomass combustion and gasification systems, their advantages and disadvantages. It also encourages investment in use of these technologies to enable developing countries to better exploit their biomass resources and help close the gap between their energy needs and their energy supply.
£20.85
CABI Publishing Bioconversion of Forest and Agricultural Plant
Book SynopsisDuring the last six years one of the most productive of the International Energy Agency (IEA) networks on renewable energy, has been the network entitled Biotechnology for the conversion of Lignocellulosics. One of the reasons for the success of the network has been the interaction of molecular biologists, microbiologists, chemists, engineers, etc., all working together on the technical and economic aspects of biomass conversion of ethanol. The authors of the various chapters in this book are part of this network and were selected for their familiarity with either a specific step of a bioconversion process or for their ability to assess the technical and economic aspects of the overall process. The chapters describe the technical advances that have been made in the various process steps, and also indicate the probable configuration of a biomass to ethanol plant. This book will interest researchers, engineers and industrialists.Table of Contents1: Fermentation of pentoses from wood hydrolysates 2: Structure/activity relationships in cellulases 3: Substrate factors limiting enzyme hydrolysis 4: Saccharification and fermentation of cellulosic substrates to ethanol 5: Pentose fermentation to alcohol 6: Production of sugars from ligno- and cellulosics: Basic research and pilot studies 7: Economic analyses of integrating a biomass to ethanol plant into a pulp/saw mill 8: Substrate analysis of forest and agricultural wastes 9: Stream pretreatment of lignocellulosics 10: Hemicellulases for industrial applications 11: Cellulase production 12: Simulation of processes for conversion of lignocellulosics
£244.81
Elsevier Science Lambs Questions and Answers on Marine Diesel
Book SynopsisIntended for Marine Engineers and those seeking a working knowledge of the marine diesel engine, this book provides of super-longstroke and slow-speed engines, and medium-speed engines burning lower quality fuels. It also discusses purifier systems for fuel treatment, and the testing of fuel and lubrication oils on board ship.Table of ContentsHeat and Engineering Science Internal Combustion Engines Fuels, Lubricants - Treatment and Storage Combustion and Fuel-Injection Systems Scavenge, Exhaust, Pressure-Charging Systems Construction Materials, Welding, Materials Testing Bedplates, Frames, Guides, Scavenge Trunks, Cylinder Jackets Cylinder Liners, Cylinder Heads, Valves Pistons, Piston Rods, Piston Skirs, Piston Rings Crankshafts, Camshafts, Connecting-Rods, Crossheads, Slippers Starting and Reversing Reduction Gearing, Clutches, Couplings Line Shafting, Screw Shafts, Propellers, Thrust Bearings Engine and Shafting Alignment Heat Exchangers, Cooling Systems, Lubricating Systems Air Compressors, Air Storage Tanks Balancing and Vibration Instrumentation and Controls Safety
£162.00
Royal Society of Chemistry Sustainability and Environmental Impact of
Book SynopsisThe world''s dependence on fossil fuels is widely acknowledged to be a major cause of rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Thus there is an urgent need to develop energy sources with lower environmental impact, with attention focusing on renewable energy sources. Concise, authoritative, up-to-date and readable, this book reviews various energy technologies, as well as taking a critical look at the political, social and economic aspects. Throughout, the emphasis is on renewable energy sources (wind, wave, solar, biomass, etc), but a discussion of fossil fuels and nuclear power is also presented. This timely book, written by recognised experts, will be welcomed by those in the energy industries as well as by policy-makers, consultants and engineers. Students and lecturers will also find the material invaluable.Trade Review"... a useful reference for students of the subject." * The Journal of Energy Literature IX, 2, 2003, p 81-82 *Table of ContentsThe Future of Today's Energy Sources; Sustainable Energy: Choices, Problems and Opportunities; Renewable Energy: Technology Considerations and Electricity Integration; Landfill Gas and Related Energy Sources: Anaerobic Digesters, Biomass Energy Systems; Emissions Trading Schemes: Are They a 'Licence to Pollute'?; UK Government Policy on Renewable Energy; Renewables, Sustainability and Precaution: Beyond Environmental Cost-Benefit and Risk Analysis; Subject Index.
£42.75
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd Caching the Carbon The Politics and Policy of
Book SynopsisStudents, scholars and researchers from a wide variety of fields who are interested in climate change, energy policy, and the politics and policy of the environment will find this book illuminating, as will officials and policy makers in international organizations and governments.Trade Review'. . . the volume is a timely and informative text for students and academics, as well as for practitioners within international organizations and governments.' -- Rudra Kapila, Climate LawTable of ContentsContents: 1. The Politics and Policy of Carbon Capture and Storage James Meadowcroft and Oluf Langhelle 2. Technology Leader, Policy Laggard: CCS Development for Climate Mitigation in the US Political Context Jennie C. Stephens 3. CCS in Australia: From Political Posturing to Policy Potential Darren Sinclair and Neil Gunningham 4. CCS in Canada Mark Jaccard and Jacqueline Sharp 5. Technology as Political Glue: CCS in Norway Andreas Tjernshaugen and Oluf Langhelle 6. Electricity Gap versus Climate Change: Electricity Politics and the Potential Role of CCS in Germany Barbara Praetorius and Christoph von Stechow 7. CCS in the UK: Squaring Coal Use with Climate Change? Ivan Scrase and Jim Watson 8. CCS in the Netherlands: Glass Half Empty or Half Full? Philip J. Vergragt 9. CCS and the European Union: Magic Bullet or Pure Magic? Dag Harald Claes and Paal Frisvold 10. CCS in Comparative Perspective Oluf Langhelle and James Meadowcroft 11. The Politics and Policy of CCS: The Uncertain Road Ahead James Meadowcroft and Oluf Langhelle Index
£38.90
£19.94
Taylor & Francis Ltd Equipment and Components in the Oil and Gas
Book SynopsisEquipment and Components in the Oil and Gas Industry Volume 1: Equipment provides an overview of the equipment used in the oil and gas industry, as well as various stages of the oil and gas industry, including geology, exploration, drilling, transportation, and refining. Using practical industry examples and an accessible approach, the book is a key reference point for those seeking to learn more about the industry.The equipment used in the oil and gas industry is wide ranging, from drilling equipment and wellhead equipment, such as casings, tubing, and wellhead Christmas trees, to equipment for the transportation of fluids and gases, such as pumps and compressors. The book presents a simplified method to choose the correct equipment for each task, as well as covering the selection of heat exchangers and storage tanks. Finally, this book covers turbines, motors, and other prime movers, alongside a flare system for disposing of unwanted or waste gases i
£82.64
John Wiley & Sons Inc Fluid Dynamics of Oil and Gas Reservoirs
Book SynopsisWhether as a textbook for the petroleum engineering student or a reference for the veteran engineer working in the field, this new volume is a valuable asset in the engineer's library for new, tested methods of more efficient oil and gas exploration and production and better estimating methods. In this book, the authors combine a rigorous, yet easy to understand, approach to petrophysics and how it is applied to petroleum and environmental engineering to solve multiple problems that the engineer or geologist faces every day. Useful in the prediction of everything from crude oil composition, pore size distribution in reservoir rocks, groundwater contamination, and other types of forecasting, this approach provides engineers and students alike with a convenient guide to many real-world applications. Fluid dynamics is an extremely important part of the extraction process, and petroleum geologists and engineers must have a working knowledge of fluid dynamics of oil and gas reservoirs inTable of ContentsFluid Dynamics in Petroliferous Areas of Mobile Belts ix1. Geology and Oil and Gas Occurrences in the Alpine Mobile Belt Basins 11.1 Intermontane Troughs 11.2 Foredeeps 162. Hydrogeochemical Field of the Alpine Mobile Belt Basins 312.1 Intermontane Depressions 322.2 Foredeeps 1293. Geobaric Field in Alpine Mobile Belt Basins 1813.1 Abnormally High Pore and Formation Pressures: Their Nature, Types, Identification and Diagnostics 1823.2 Patterns in Spatial Distribution of Abnormally High Pore and Formation Pressures 1954. Geotemperature Field in Alpine Mobil Belt Basins 2514.1 Geotemperature Regime of the Sediment Cover 2524.2 Geothermal Regime in the South Caspian Depression 2594.3 Geothermal Field of Local Structures 2675. Present-Day Geo-Fluid-Dynamics of Alpine Mobile Belt Basins 2735.1 Abnormally-High Fluid Pore Pressure as a Factor in the Formation of Faults, Structure Plans, Regional and Local Folded Structures 2735.2 Regional Dynamics of Ground Waters 2875.3 Geobaric Parameters of Natural Fluid Migration 3215.4 Geotemperature Parameters of Fluid Migration 3586. Hydrocarbon Generation, Migration and Accumulation in the South-Caspian Basin 3657. Geo-Fluid-Dynamic Mechanisms and Factors in the Formation, Location and Forecast of Oil and Gas Occurrences in Alpine Mobile Belt Basins 3977.1 Role of Abnormally High Pressure in the Formation, Placement and Forecast of Regional and Local Oil and Gas Occurrences 3987.2 Role of Ground Water Discharge Zones and Foci in the Formation and Placement of Regional and Local Oil and Gas Occurrences 4088. Qualitative Criteria and Quantitative Attributes of Commercial Oil and Gas Occurrences in Alpine Mobile Belt Basins 4318.1 Hydrochemical Associations Between Ground Water and Hydrocarbon Accumulations 4318.2 Quantitative Parameters in Correlation Between Tectonic Features of Local Structures, Ground Water Dynamics and Oil and Gas Occurrences 4468.3 Quantitative Correlation Between Hydrocarbon Saturation and Thermobaric Regime of Local Structures 4659. Geologo-Mathematical Models of Oil and Gas Accumulation in Alpine Mobile Belt Basins 4839.1 Techniques of Local Structures Hydrocarbon Reserves Forecast and Estimation 4839.2 Zonal and Regional Geologic Models of Oil and Gas Occurrence in Alpine Mobile Belt Basins 48410. Geo-Fluid-Dynamical Parameters of Oil and Gas Occurrence on Local Structures and in Zones of Dominant Oil and Gas Accumulation 49110.1 The South Caspian Depression 49110.2 The Other Alpine Regions 51111. Attempt on Regional Situation Analysis, Conceptual Resource Estimation and Procedure of Strategic Decision-Making in Planning and Conduct of Exploration and Appraisal Operations (Example of the South Caspian Basin) 515Conclusions 579References 585Index 609
£200.66
John Wiley & Sons Inc Carbonate Reservoir Rocks
Book SynopsisMost of the world's energy still comes from fossil fuels, and there are still many strides being made in the efficiency and cost effectiveness of extracting these important and increasingly more elusive natural resources. This is only possible if the nature of the emergence, evolution, and parameter estimation of high grade reservoir rocks at great depths is known and a theory of their forecast is developed. Over 60 percent of world oil production is currently associated with carbonate reservoir rocks. The exploration, appraisal and development of these fields are significantly complicated by a number of factors. These factors include the structural complexity of the carbonate complexes, variability of the reservoir rock types and properties within a particular deposit, many unknowns in the evaluation of fracturing and its spatial variability, and the preservation of the reservoir rock qualities with depth. The main objective of most studies is discovering patterns in the reservoir Table of ContentsIntroduction xiAcknowledgements xv1 Carbonate Reservoir Rock Properties and Previous Studies 11.1 Brief Review of the Previous Studies 11.2 Major Terminology 42 Major Sedimentational Environments of Carbonate Rocks in Sedimentary Basins 132.1 Types of Carbonate Buildups 132.2 Open Shelf Edges 152.3 Genetic Types of Limestones and Dolomites 202.4 Effect of Post-Depositional Processes on the Void Space Formation 253 Conditions of Void Space Formation in Carbonate Rocks of Various Compositions and Genesis 293.1 Carbonate Rock Solubility and the Effect of Certain Factors on the Calcite and Dolomite Solubility Relationships 293.2 Pore Space Formation in Carbonate Rocks of Various Genesis 333.3 Formation of Fracture Capacity Space and Fluid Filtering in Fractured Rocks 374 Reservoir Rock Study Techniques 434.1 Major Evaluation Parameters and Laboratory Techniques of Their Determination 434.2 Method By Bagrintseva: The New Technique of Fracturing and Vugularity Evaluating through the Capillary Saturation of the Carbonate Rocks with Luminophore 474.3 Determination of Fracture Openness 524.4 Method By Bagrintseva-Preobrazhenskaya: The Evaluation Technique of Rock Hydrophobization By Wetting Contact Angle 544.5 Method By Shershukov: New Methodological Approach to the Theoretical Permeability Calculation from Mercury Injection Porometry 605 Natural Oil and Gas Reservoirs in Carbonate Formations of the Pre-Caspian Province 715.1 Brief Review of Geology and Major Oil and Gas Accumulation Zones in the Pre-Caspian Province 715.2 Karachaganak Oil-Gas-Condensate Field 775.3 Zhanazhol Oil-Gas-Condensate Field 995.4 Tengiz Oil Field 1295.5 Korolevskoye Oil Field 1535.6 Astrakhan’ Gas-Condensate Field 1676 Natural Oil and Gas Reservoirs in the Timan-Pechora Province 1816.1 North Khosedayu Oilfield 1817 Types and Properties of the Riphaean Carbonate Reservoir Rocks 2097.1 Yurubchenskoe Gas and Oil Field 2098 Theoretical Fundamentals of the Reservoir Rock Evaluation and Forecast 2318.1 Void Space Structure of Various Genesis Carbonate Deposits 2318.2 Residual Fluid Saturation in the Carbonate Reservoir Rocks 2378.3 Evaluation-Genetic Classification of the Carbonate Reservoir Rocks By Bagrintseva 2498.4 Distribution Models of Different-Type Reservoir Rocks 2539 Major Factors Determining the Formation and Preservation of High-Capacity Carbonate Reservoir Rocks 2599.1 Conditions for the Formation of High-Capacity Reservoir Rocks 2599.2 Evaluation of the Fracturing Role in the Development of the Complex-Type Reservoir Rocks 2639.3 Correlations between Major Reservoir Rock Evaluation Parameters 2689.4 Criteria of the Reservoir Rock Forecast and Evaluation 276Conclusions 285Attachments 287References and Bibliography 319Index 329
£176.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Environmental Aspects of Oil and Gas Production
Book SynopsisOil and gas still power the bulk of our world, from automobiles and the power plants that supply electricity to our homes and businesses, to jet fuel, plastics, and many other products that enrich our lives. With the relatively recent development of hydraulic fracturing (fracking), multilateral, directional, and underbalanced drilling, and enhanced oil recovery, oil and gas production is more important and efficient than ever before. Along with these advancements, as with any new engineering process or technology, come challenges, many of them environmental. More than just a text that outlines the environmental challenges of oil and gas production that have always been there, such as gas migration and corrosion, this groundbreaking new volume takes on the most up-to-date processes and technologies involved in this field. Filled with dozens of case studies and examples, the authors, two of the most well-known and respected petroleum engineers in the world, have outlined all of the maTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xvii 1 Environmental Concerns 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Evaluation Approach 3 1.3 Gas Migration 3 1.4 Underground Gas Storage Facilities 7 1.5 Subsidence 9 1.6 Emissions of Carbon Dioxide and Methane 10 1.7 Hydraulic Fracturing 11 1.8 Oil Shale 13 1.9 Corrosion 14 1.10 Scaling 14 1.11 Conclusion 15 References and Bibliography 15 2 Migration of Hydrocarbon Gases 17 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Geochemical Exploration for Petroleum 20 2.3 Primary and Secondary Migration of Hydrocarbons 20 2.4 Origin of Migrating Hydrocarbon Gases 23 2.5 Driving Force of Gas Movement 34 2.6 Types of Gas Migration 49 2.7 Paths of Gas Migration Associated with Oilwells 61 2.8 Wells Leaking Due to Cementing Failure 69 2.9 Environmental Hazards of Gas Migration 74 2.10 Migration of Gas from Petroleum Wellbores 78 2.11 Case Histories of Gas Migration Problems 79 2.12 Conclusions 97 References and Bibliography 98 3 Subsidence as a Result of Gas/Oil/Water Production 105 3.1 Introduction 105 3.2 Theoretical Compaction Models 108 3.3 Theoretical Modeling of Compaction 111 3.4 Subsidence Over Oilfields 119 3.5 Case Studies of Subsidence over Hydrocarbon Reservoirs 130 3.6 Concluding Remarks 178 References and Bibliography 179 4 Effect of Emission of CO2 and CH4 into the Atmosphere 187 4.1 Introduction 187 4.2 Historic Geologic Evidence 189 4.3 Adiabatic Theory 197 References 207 5 Fracking 211 5.1 Introduction 211 5.2 Studies Supporting Hydraulic Fracturing 211 5.3 Studies Opposing Hydraulic Fracturing 212 5.4 The Fracking Debate 213 5.5 Production 214 5.6 Fractures: Their Orientation and Length 217 5.7 Casing and Cementing 218 5.8 Blowouts 219 5.9 Horizontal Drilling 220 5.10 Fracturing and the Groundwater Contamination 220 5.11 Pre-Drill Assessment 220 5.12 Basis of Design 222 5.13 Well Construction 222 5.14 Summary 227 5.15 Failure and Contamination Reduction 227 5.16 Frack Fluids 230 5.17 Common Fracturing Additives 231 5.18 Typical Percentages of Commonly Used Additives 232 5.19 Chemicals Used in Fracking 233 5.20 Proppants 235 5.21 Slickwater 238 5.22 Direction of Flow of Frack Fluids 239 5.23 Subsurface Contamination of Groundwater 239 5.24 Spills 242 5.25 Other Surface Impacts 243 5.26 Land Use Permits 243 5.27 Water Usage and Management 244 5.28 Earthquakes 246 5.29 Induced Seismic Event 246xiv Contents 5.30 Wastewater Disposal Wells 247 5.31 Site Remediation 247 5.32 Examples of Legislation and Regulations 248 5.33 Frack Fluid Makeup Reporting 249 5.34 Atmospheric Emissions 250 5.35 Air Emissions Controls 252 5.36 Silica Dust 254 5.37 The Clean Air Act 255 5.38 Regulated Pollutants 255 5.39 Attainment versus Non-attainment 257 5.40 Types of Federal Regulations 257 5.41 MACT/NESHAP 257 5.42 NSPS Regulations: 40 CFR Part 60 258 5.43 Construction and Operating New Source Review Permits 260 5.44 Title V Permits 260 5.45 Chemicals and Products on Locations 260 5.46 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 263 5.47 Contents of an MSDS 263 5.48 Conclusion 264 State Agency Web Addresses 264 References 265 Bibliography 266 6 Corrosion 269 6.1 Introduction 269 6.2 Definitions 270 6.3 Electrochemical Corrosion 273 6.4 Galvanic Series 280 6.5 Types of Corrosion 289 6.6 Classes of Corrosion 293 6.7 Stress-Induced Corrosion 295 6.8 Microbial Corrosion 298 6.9 Corrosion Related to Oilfield Production 307 6.10 Economics and Preventitive Methods 321 6.11 Corrosion Rate Measurement Units 322 References and Bibliography 322 7 Scaling 329 7.1 Introduction 329 7.2 Sources of Scale 330 7.3 Formation of Scale 332 7.4 Hardness and Alkalinity 334 7.5 Common Oilfield Scale Scenarios 334 7.6 Prediction of Scale Formation 339 7.7 Solubility of Calcite, Dolomite, Magnesite and Their Mixtures 345 7.8 Scale Removal 345 7.9 Scale Inhibition 347 7.10 Conclusions 348 References and Bibliography 348 Appendix A 351 About the Authors 377 Author Index 379 Subject Index 387
£199.45
John Wiley & Sons Inc Biodesulfurization in Petroleum Refining
Book SynopsisFrom basic tenets to the latest advances, this is the most comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the process of biodesulfurization in the petroleum refining industry. Petroleum refining and process engineering is constantly changing. No new refineries are being built, but companies all over the world are still expanding or re-purposing huge percentages of their refineries every year, year after year. Rather than building entirely new plants, companies are spending billions of dollars in the research and development of new processes that can save time and money by being more efficient and environmentally safer. Biodesulfurization is one of those processes, and nowhere else it is covered more thoroughly or with more up-to-date research of the new advances than in this new volume from Wiley-Scrivener. Besides the obvious benefits to biodesulfurization, there are new regulations in place within the industry with which companies will, over the next decade or longeTable of ContentsPreface xiii 1 Background 1 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 1 1.1 Petroleum 2 1.2 Petroleum Composition 7 1.2.1 Petroleum Hydrocarbons 8 1.2.2 Petroleum Non-Hydrocarbons 12 1.2.2.1 Problems Generated by Asphaltenes 14 1.3 Sulfur Compounds 15 1.4 Sulfur in Petroleum Major Refinery Products 20 1.4.1 Gasoline 20 1.4.2 Kerosene 23 1.4.3 Jet Fuel 23 1.4.4 Diesel Fuel 23 1.4.5 Heating/Fuel Oils 24 1.4.6 Bunker Oil 24 1.5 Sulfur Problem 25 1.6 Legislative Regulations of Sulfur Levels in Fuels 29 References 32 2 Desulfurization Technologies 39 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 39 2.1 Introduction 43 2.2 Hydrodesulfurization 47 2.3 Oxidative Desulfurization 71 2.4 Selective Adsorption 108 2.5 Biocatalytic Desulfurization 127 2.5.1 Anaerobic Process 127 2.5.2 Aerobic Process 128 References 130 3 Biodesulfurization of Natural Gas 159 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 159 3.1 Introduction 161 3.2 Natural Gas Processing 169 3.3 Desulfurization Processes 183 3.3.1 Scavengers 183 3.3.2 Adsorption 187 3.3.3 Liquid Redox Processes 193 3.3.4 Claus Plants 195 3.3.4.1 Classic Claus Plant 196 3.3.4.2 Split-Flow Claus Plant 198 3.3.4.3 Oxygen Enrichment Claus Plant 199 3.3.4.4 Claus Plant Tail Gas 199 3.3.5 Absorption/Desorption Process 201 3.3.6 Biodesulfurization 203 3.3.6.1 Photoautotrophic Bacteria 206 3.3.6.2 Heterotrophic Bacteria 211 3.3.6.3 Chemotrophic Bacteria 212 3.3.7 Other Approaches Concerning the Biodesulfurization of Natural Gas 231 References 242 4 Microbial Denitrogenation of Petroleum and its Fractions 263 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 263 4.1 Introduction 265 4.2 Denitrogenation of Petroleum and its Fractions 269 4.2.1 Hydrodenitrogenation 269 4.2.2 Adsorptive Denitrogenation 272 4.2.3 Extractive and Catalytic Oxidative Denitrogenation 278 4.3 Microbial Attack of Nitrogen Polyaromatic Heterocyclic Compounds (NPAHs) 279 4.4 Enhancing Biodegradation of NPAHs by Magnetic Nanoparticles 295 4.5 Challenges and Opportunities for BDN in Petroleum Industries 300 References 307 5 Bioadsorptive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels 327 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 327 5.1 Introduction 329 5.2 ADS by Agroindustrial-Wastes Activated Carbon 332 5.3 ADS on Modified Activated Carbon 342 5.4 ADS on Carbon Aerogels 352 5.5 ADS on Activated Carbon Fibers 353 5.6 ADS on Natural Clay and Zeolites 355 5.7 ADS on New Adsorbents Prepared from Different Biowastes 360 References 365 6 Microbial Attack of Organosulfur Compounds 375 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 375 6.1 Introduction 377 6.2 Biodegradation of Sulfur Compounds in the Environment 380 6.3 Microbial Attack on Non–Heterocyclic Sulfur–Containing Hydrocarbons 383 6.3.1 Alkyl and Aryl Sulfides 383 6.3.2 Non – Aromatic Cyclic Sulfur – Containing Hydrocarbons 386 6.4 Microbial Attack of Heterocyclic Sulfur – Hydrocarbons 388 6.4.1 Thiophenes 389 6.4.2 Benzothiophenes and Alkyl-Substituted Benzothiophenes 390 6.4.3 Naphthothiophenes 402 6.4.4 Dibenzothiophene and Alkyl-Substituted Dibenzothiophenes 406 6.4.4.1 Aerobic Biodesulfurization of DBT 406 6.4.4.2 Aerobic Biodesulfurization of Alkylated DBT 419 6.4.4.3 Anaerobic Biodesulfurization of DBT 421 6.5 Recent Elucidated DBT-BDS Pathways 422 References 439 7 Enzymology and Genetics of Biodesulfurization Process 459 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 459 7.1 Introduction 461 7.2 Genetics of PASHs BDS Pathway 462 7.2.1 Anaerobic BDS Pathway 462 7.2.2 Aerobic BDS Pathway 463 7.2.2.1 Kodama Pathway 463 7.2.2.2 Complete Degradation Pathway 464 7.2.2.3 4S-Pathway 466 7.3 The Desulfurization dsz Genes 468 7.4 Enzymes Involved in Specific Desulfurization of Thiophenic Compounds 472 7.4.1 The Dsz Enzymes 472 7.4.1.1 DszC Enzyme (DBT-Monooxygenase) 474 7.4.1.2 DszA Enzyme (DBTO2-Monooxygenase) 476 7.4.1.3 DszB Enzyme (HBPS- Desulfinase) 477 7.4.1.4 DszD Enzyme (Flavin-Oxidoreductase Enzyme) 478 7.5 Repression of dsz Genes 480 7.6 Recombinant Biocatalysts for BDS 484 References 506 8 Factors Affecting the Biodesulfurization Process 521 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 521 8.1 Introduction 524 8.2 Effect of Incubation Period 525 8.3 Effect of Temperature and pH 527 8.4 Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration 530 8.5 Effect of Agitation Speed 532 8.6 Effect of Initial Biomass Concentration 536 8.7 Effect of Biocatalyst Age 538 8.8 Effect of Mass Transfer 541 8.9 Effect of Surfactant 541 8.10 Effect of Initial Sulfur Concentration 544 8.11 Effect of Type of S-Compounds 546 8.12 Effect of Organic Solvent and Oil to Water Phase Ratio 553 8.13 Effect of Medium Composition 560 8.14 Effect of Growing and Resting Cells 579 8.15 Inhibitory Effect of Byproducts 580 8.16 Statistical Optimization 590 References 616 9 Kinetics of Batch Biodesulfurization Process 639 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 639 9.1 Introduction 642 9.2 General Background 643 9.2.1 Phases of Microbial Growth 643 9.2.1.1 The Lag Phase 644 9.2.1.2 The Log Phase 644 9.2.1.3 The Stationary Phase 645 9.2.1.4 The Decline Phase 645 9.2.2 Modeling of Population Growth as a Function of Incubation Time 645 9.3 Microbial Growth Kinetics 645 9.3.1 Exponential Growth Model 645 9.3.2 Logistic Growth Model 648 9.4 Some of the Classical Kinetic Models Applied in BDS-Studies 650 9.5 Factors Affecting the Rate of Microbial Growth 651 9.5.1 Effect of Temperature 651 9.5.2 Effect of pH 654 9.5.3 Effect of Oxygen 654 9.6 Enzyme Kinetics 654 9.6.1 Basic Enzyme Reactions 656 9.6.2 Factors Affecting the Enzyme Activity 657 9.6.2.1 Enzyme Concentration 657 9.6.2.2 Substrate Concentration 658 9.6.2.3 Effect of Inhibitors on Enzyme Activity 659 9.6.2.4 Effect of Temperature 660 9.6.2.5 Effect of pH 661 9.7 Michaelis-Menten Equation 662 9.7.1 Direct Integration Procedure 664 9.7.2 Lineweaver-Burk Plot Method 666 9.7.3 Eadie-Hofstee 666 9.8 Kinetics of a Multi-Substrates System 667 9.9 Traditional 4S-Pathway 668 9.9.1 Formulation of a Kinetic Model for DBT Desulfurization According to 4S-Pathway 669 9.10 Different Kinetic Studies on the Parameters Affecting the BDS Process 673 9.11 Evaluation of the Tested Biocatalysts 734 9.11.1 Kinetics of the Overall Biodesulfurization Reaction 735 9.11.2 Maximum Percentage of Desulfurization (XMAXBDS %) 735 9.11.3 Time for Maximum Biodesulfurization tBDSmax (min) 735 9.11.4 Initial DBT Removal Rate RODBT (μmol/L/min) 736 9.11.5 Maximum Productivity PMAXBDS (%/min) 736 9.11.6 Specific Conversion Rate (SE %L/g/min) 736 References 737 10 Enhancement of BDS Efficiency 753 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 753 10.1 Introduction 756 10.2 Isolation of Selective Biodesulfurizing Microorganisms with Broad Versatility on Different S-Compounds 757 10.2.1 Anaerobic Biodesulfurizing Microorganisms 758 10.2.2 Bacteria Capable of Aerobic Selective DBT-BDS 759 10.2.3 Microorganisms with Selective BDS of Benzothiophene and Dibenzothiophene 769 10.2.4 Microorganisms with Methoxylation Pathway 770 10.2.5 Microorganisms with High Tolerance for Oil/Water Phase Ratio 771 10.2.6 Thermotolerant Microorganisms with Selective BDS Capability 772 10.2.7 BDS Using Yeast and Fungi 776 10.3 Genetics and its Role in Improvement of BDS Process 778 10.4 Overcoming the Repression Effects of Byproducts 789 10.5 Enzymatic Oxidation of Organosulfur Compounds 793 10.6 Enhancement of Biodesulfurization via Immobilization 795 10.6.1 Types of Immobilization 800 10.6.1.1 Adsorption 800 10.6.1.2 Covalent Binding 809 10.6.1.3 Encapsulation 809 10.6.1.4 Entrapment 810 10.7 Application of Nano-Technology in BDS Process 826 10.8 Role of Analytical Techniques in BDS 849 10.8.1 Gas Chromatography 850 10.8.1.1 Determination of Sulfur Compounds by GC 850 10.8.1.2 Assessment of Biodegradation 851 10.8.2 Presumptive Screening for Desulfurization and Identification of BDS Pathway 852 10.8.2.1 Gibb’s Assay 853 10.8.2.2 Phenol Assay 853 10.8.3 More Advanced Screening for Desulfurization and Identification of BDS Pathway 854 10.8.3.1 High Performance Liquid Chromatography 854 10.8.3.2 X-ray Sulfur Meter and other Techniques for Determining Total Sulfur Content 855 References 857 11 Biodesulfurization of Real Oil Feed 895 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 895 11.1 Introduction 897 11.2 Biodesulfurization of Crude Oil 903 11.3 Biodesulfurization of Different Oil Distillates 909 11.4 BDS of Crude Oil and its Distillates by Thermophilic Microorganisms 921 11.5 Application of Yeast and Fungi in BDS of Real Oil Feed 923 11.6 Biocatalytic Oxidation 924 11.7 Anaerobic BDS of Real Oil Feed 926 11.8 Deep Desulfurization of Fuel Streams by Integrating Microbial with Non-Microbial Methods 928 11.8.1 BDS as a Complement to HDS 928 11.8.2 BDS as a Complementary to ADS 939 11.8.3 Coupling Non-Hydrodesulfurization with BDS 945 11.8.4 Three Step BDS-ODS-RADS 945 11.9 BDS of other Petroleum Products 946 References 952 12 Challenges and Opportunities 973 List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature 973 12.1 Introduction 975 12.2 New Strains with Broad Versatility 983 12.3 New Strains with Higher Hydrocarbon Tolerance 990 12.4 Overcoming the Feedback Inhibition of the End-Products 994 12.5 Biodesulfurization under Thermophilic Conditions 995 12.6 Anaerobic Biodesulfurization 997 12.7 Biocatalytic Oxidation 1000 12.8 Perspectives for Enhancing the Rate of BDS 1001 12.8.1 Application of Genetics in BDS 1002 12.8.2 Implementation of Resting Cells 1009 12.8.3 Microbial Consortium and BDS 1011 12.8.4 Surfactants and BDS 1014 12.8.5 Application of Nanotechnology in the BDS Process 1017 12.9 Production of Valuable Products 1028 12.10 Storage of Fuel and Sulfur 1031 12.11 Process Engineering Research 1033 12.12 BDS Process of Real Oil Feed 1053 12.13 BDS as a Complementary Technology 1061 12.14 Future Perspectives 1063 12.15 Techno-Economic Studies 1066 12.16 Economic Feasibility 1068 12.17 Fields of Developments 1077 12.18 BDS Now and Then 1080 12.19 Conclusion 1083 References 1084 Glossary 1119 Index 1155
£220.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Metallurgy and Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas
Book SynopsisDetails the proper methods to assess, prevent, and reduce corrosion in the oil industry using today''s most advanced technologies This book discusses upstream operations, with an emphasis on production, and pipelines, which are closely tied to upstream operations. It also examines protective coatings, alloy selection, chemical treatments, and cathodic protectionthe main means of corrosion control. The strength and hardness levels of metals is also discussed, as this affects the resistance of metals to hydrogen embrittlement, a major concern for high-strength steels and some other alloys. It is intended for use by personnel with limited backgrounds in chemistry, metallurgy, and corrosion and will give them a general understanding of how and why corrosion occurs and the practical approaches to how the effects of corrosion can be mitigated. Metallurgy and Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas Production, Second Edition updates the original chapters while includinTable of ContentsPreface xiii 1 Introduction to Oilfield Metallurgy and Corrosion Control 1 Costs, 1 Safety, 2 Environmental Damage, 2 Corrosion Control, 3 References, 3 2 Chemistry of Corrosion 5 Electrochemistry of Corrosion, 5 Electrochemical Reactions, 5 Electrolyte Conductivity, 6 Faraday’s Law of Electrolysis, 6 Electrode Potentials and Current, 6 Corrosion Rate Expressions, 10 pH, 10 Passivity, 11 Potential‐pH (Pourbaix) Diagrams, 11 Summary, 12 References, 12 3 Corrosive Environments 15 External Environments, 16 Atmospheric Corrosion, 17 Water as a Corrosive Environment, 18 Soils as Corrosive Environments, 20 Corrosion Under Insulation, 21 Internal Environments, 24 Crude Oil, 24 Natural Gas, 25 Oxygen, 26 Carbon Dioxide, 26 Hydrogen Sulfide, 29 Organic Acids, 32 Scale, 33 Microbially Influenced Corrosion (MIC), 36 Mercury, 41 Hydrates, 41 Fluid Flow Effects on Corrosion, 41 Summary, 41 References, 42 4 Materials 47 Metallurgy Fundamentals, 47 Crystal Structure, 47 Material Defects, Inclusions, and Precipitates, 48 Strengthening Methods, 50 Mechanical Properties, 51 Forming Methods, 60 Castings, 60 Wrought Metal Products, 60 Welding, 61 Clad Metals, 65 Additive Manufacturing, 65 Materials Specifications, 65 API – The American Petroleum Institute, 66 AISI – The American Iron and Steel Institute, 66 ASTM International (Formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials), 66 ASME – The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 67 SAE International (Formerly the Society of Automotive Engineers), 67 UNS – The Universal Numbering System, 67 NACE – The Corrosion Society (Formerly the National Association of Corrosion Engineers), 68 Other Organizations, 68 Use of Materials Specifications, 68 Carbon Steels, Cast Irons, and Low‐Alloy Steels, 69 Classifications of Carbon Steels, 71 Alloying Elements and Their Influence on Properties of Steel, 72 Strengthening Methods for Carbon Steels, 74 Quench and Tempered (Q&T) Steels, 75 Carbon Equivalents and Weldability, 76 Cleanliness of Steel, 76 Cast Irons, 76 Corrosion‐Resistant Alloys (CRAs), 77 Iron–Nickel Alloys, 77 Stainless Steels, 78 Nickel‐based Alloys, 83 Cobalt‐based Alloys, 84 Titanium Alloys, 84 Copper Alloys, 86 Aluminum Alloys, 89 Additional Considerations with CRAs, 91 Polymers, Elastomers, and Composites, 93 Materials Selection Guidelines, 97 References, 97 5 Forms of Corrosion 101 Introduction, 101 General Corrosion, 102 Galvanic Corrosion, 104 Galvanic Coupling of Two or More Metals, 104 Area Ratio, 105 Metallurgically Induced Galvanic Corrosion, 107 Environmentally Induced Galvanic Corrosion, 109 Polarity Reversal, 111 Conductivity of the Electrolyte, 111 Control of Galvanic Corrosion, 111 Pitting Corrosion, 112 Occluded Cell Corrosion, 113 Pitting Corrosion Geometry and Stress Concentration, 114 Pitting Initiation, 115 Pitting Resistance Equivalent Numbers (PRENs), 115 Pitting Statistics, 116 Prevention of Pitting Corrosion, 117 Crevice Corrosion, 117 Corrosion Under Pipe Supports (CUPS), 119 Pack Rust, 120 Crevice Corrosion Mechanisms, 121 Alloy Selection, 121 Filiform Corrosion, 122 Intergranular Corrosion, 123 Stainless Steels, 123 Corrosion Parallel to Forming Directions, 124 Aluminum, 124 Other Alloys, 125 Dealloying, 125 Mechanism, 125 Selective Phase Attack, 126 Susceptible Alloys, 126 Control, 126 Erosion Corrosion, 127 Mechanism, 127 Velocity Effects and ANSI/API RP14E, 128 Materials, 130 Cavitation, 130 Areas of Concern, 131 Erosion and Erosion‐corrosion Control, 133 Environmentally Assisted Cracking, 134 Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC), 135 Hydrogen Embrittlement and H2S‐related Cracking, 139 Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME), 143 Corrosion Fatigue, 143 Other Forms of Corrosion Important to Oilfield Operations, 145 Oxygen Attack, 145 Sweet Corrosion, 145 Sour Corrosion, 145 Mesa Corrosion, 145 Top‐of‐Line (TOL) Corrosion, 145 Channeling Corrosion, 146 Grooving Corrosion: Selective Seam Corrosion, 148 Wireline Corrosion, 148 Additional Forms of Corrosion Found in Oil and Gas Operations, 148 Additional Comments, 152 References, 153 6 Corrosion Control 159 Protective Coatings, 159 Paint Components, 159 Coating Systems, 160 Corrosion Protection by Paint Films, 160 Desirable Properties of Protective Coating Systems, 161 Developments in Coatings Technology, 162 Surface Preparation, 162 Purposes of Various Coatings, 166 Generic Binder Classifications, 167 Coatings Suitable for Various Service Environments or Applications, 169 Coatings Inspection, 169 Areas of Concern and Inspection Concentration, 174 Linings, Wraps, Greases, and Waxes, 176 Coatings Failures, 180 Metallic Coatings, 189 Useful Publications, 192 Water Treatment and Corrosion Inhibition, 192 Oil Production Techniques, 193 Water Analysis, 193 Gas Stripping and Vacuum Deaeration, 194 Corrosion Inhibitors, 194 Cathodic Protection, 199 How Cathodic Protection Works, 201 Types of Cathodic Protection, 203 Cathodic Protection Criteria, 214 Inspection and Monitoring, 216 Cathodic Protection Design, 220 Additional Topics Related to Cathodic Protection, 224 Summary of Cathodic Protection, 227 Standards for Cathodic Protection, 227 References, 228 7 Inspection, Monitoring, and Testing 233 Inspection, 235 Visual Inspection (VT), 235 Penetrant Testing (PT), 236 Magnetic Particle Inspection (MT), 237 Ultrasonic Inspection (UT), 237 Radiography (RT), 238 Eddy Current Inspection, 240 Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) Inspection, 241 Positive Material Identification (PMI), 242 Thermography, 242 Additional Remarks About Inspection, 243 Monitoring, 244 Monitoring Probes, 244 Electrochemical Corrosion Rate Monitoring Techniques, 250 Hydrogen Probes, 253 Sand Monitoring, 254 Fluid Analysis, 255 Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM), 257 Additional Comments on Monitoring, 258 Testing, 258 Hydrostatic Testing, 258 Laboratory and Field Trial Testing, 260 References, 262 8 Oilfield Equipment 265 Drilling and Exploration, 265 Drill Pipe, 265 Tool Joints, 268 Blowout Preventers (BOPs), 268 Wells and Wellhead Equipment, 269 History of Production, 270 Downhole Corrosive Environments, 271 Annular Spaces, 275 Types of Wells, 275 Tubing, Casing, and Capillary Tubing, 277 Corrosion Inhibitors for Tubing and Casing in Production Wells, 280 Internally Coated Tubing for Oilfield Wells, 283 Wireline, 285 Coiled Tubing, 285 Material and Corrosion Concerns with Artificial Lift Systems, 286 Facilities and Surface Equipment, 291 Piping, 291 Storage Tanks, 293 Heat Exchangers, 297 Other Equipment, 301 Bolting, Studs, and Fasteners, 301 Problems with Bolted Connections, 306 International Bolting Standards, 307 Flares, 312 Corrosion Under Insulation, 312 Pipelines and Flowlines, 319 Pipeline Problems and Failures, 319 Forms of Corrosion Important in Pipelines and Flowlines, 321 Repairs and Derating Due to Corrosion, 323 Casings for Road and Railway Crossings, 323 Pipeline and Flowline Materials, 324 Pipeline Hydrotesting, 326 Seawater Injection Pipelines/Flowlines, 327 External Corrosion of Pipelines, 327 Internal Corrosion of Pipelines, 330 Inspection, Condition Assessment, and Testing, 332 Offshore and Marine Applications, 336 Offshore Pipelines, 336 Offshore Structures, 337 References, 342 Index
£118.70
John Wiley & Sons Inc Formation Testing
Book SynopsisThis new volume, the third in Wiley-Scrivener''s series on formation testing, reviews pressure transient interpretation and contamination analysis methods, providing numerous practical discussions and examples with rigorous formulations solved through exact, closed form, analytical solutions. This new volume in the Formation Testing series further develops new methods and processes that are being developed in the oil and gas industry. In the 1990s through 2000s, the author co-developed Halliburton''s commercially successful GeoTapTM real-time LWD/MWD method for formation testing, and also a parallel method used by China Oilfield Services, which enabled the use of data taken at early times, in low mobility and large flowline volume environments, to support the important estimation of mobility, compressibility and pore pressure, which are necessary for flow economics and fluid contact boundaries analyses (This work was later extended through two Department of Energy Smal
£169.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Hydrocarbons in Basement Formations
Book SynopsisPetroleum and natural gas still remain the single biggest resource for energy on earth. Even as alternative and renewable sources are developed, petroleum and natural gas continue to be, by far, the most used and, if engineered properly, the most cost-effective and efficient, source of energy on the planet. Contrary to some beliefs, the industry can, in fact, be sustainable, from an environmental, economic, and resource perspective. Petroleum and natural gas are, after all, natural sources of energy and do not have to be treated as pariahs. This groundbreaking new text describes hydrocarbons in basement formations, how they can be characterized and engineered, and how they can be engineered properly, to best achieve sustainability. Covering the basic theories and the underlying scientific concepts, the authors then go on to explain the best practices and new technologies and processes for utilizing basement formations for the petroleum and natural gas industries. Covering all of theTable of ContentsForeword xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Summary 1 1.2 Is Sustainable Petroleum Technology Possible? 2 1.3 Why is it Important to Know the Origin of Petroleum? 4 1.4 What is the Likelihood of an Organic Source? 5 1.5 What is the Implication of the Abiogenic Theory of Hydrocarbon? 6 1.6 How Important are the Fractures for Basement Reservoirs? 8 1.7 What are we Missing Out? 8 1.8 Predicting the Future? 10 1.9 What is the Actual Potential of Basement Hydrocarbons? 10 2 Organic Origin of Basement Hydrocarbons 11 2.0 Introduction 11 2.1 Sources of Hydrocarbon 13 2.2 Non-Conventional Sources of Petroleum Fluids 29 2.3 What is a Natural Energy Source? 34 2.4 The Science of Water and Petroleum 39 2.5 Comparison between Water and Petroleum 42 2.6 Combustion and Oxidation 57 2.6.1 Petroleum 59 2.6.2 Natural Gas 60 2.6.3 Natural Gas Hydrates 62 2.6.4 Tar Sand Bitumen 63 2.6.5 Coal 65 2.6.6 Oil Shale 65 2.6.7 Wax 66 2.6.8 Biomass 67 3 Non-organic Origin of Basement Hydrocarbons 69 3.0 Introduction 69 3.1 Theories of Non-organic Origin of Basement Petroleum 70 3.2 Formation of Magma 72 3.2.1 Magma Escape Routes 73 3.2.2 Magma Chamber 74 3.2.3 Types of Magma 78 3.2.3.1 Mafic Magma 80 3.2.3.2 Intermediate Magma 80 3.2.3.3 Felsic Magma 81 3.3 The Composition of Magma 82 3.4 The Dynamics of Magma 85 3.5 Water in the Mantle 103 3.6 The Carbon Cycle and Hydrocarbon 108 3.7 Role of Magma During the Formation of Hydrocarbon from Organic Sources 118 3.8 Abiogenic Petroleum Origin Theory 119 3.8.1 Diamond as Source of Hydrocarbons 128 3.8.2 Oil and Gas Deposits in the Precambrian Crystalline Basement 132 3.8.3 Supergiant Oil and Gas Accumulations 138 3.8.4 Gas Hydrates – the Greatest Source of Abiogenic Petroleum 142 4 Characterization of Basement Reservoirs 147 4.0 Summary 147 4.1 Introduction 147 4.2 Natural and Artificial Fractures 151 4.2.1 Overall in Situ Stress Orientations 161 4.3 Developing Reservoir Characterization Tools for Basement Reservoirs 162 4.4 Origin of Fractures 171 4.5 Seismic Fracture Characterization 178 4.5.1 Effects of Fractures on Normal Moveout (NMO) Velocities and P-wave Azimuthal AVO Response 181 4.5.2 Effects of Fracture Parameters on Properties of Anisotropic Parameters and P-wave NMO Velocities 182 4.6 Reservoir Characterization During Drilling 185 4.6.1 Overbalanced Drilling 191 4.6.2 Underbalanced Drilling (UBD) 193 4.7 Reservoir Characterization with Image Log and Core Analysis 202 4.7.1 Geophysical Logs 205 4.7.1.1 Circumferential Borehole Imaging Log (CBIL) 213 4.7.1.2 Petrophysical Data Analysis using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 220 4.7.2 Core Analysis 228 4.8 Major Forces of Oil and Gas Reservoirs 237 4.9 Reservoir Heterogeneity 255 4.9.1 Filtering Permeability Data 263 4.9.2 Total Volume Estimate 267 4.9.3 Estimates of Fracture Properties 268 4.10 Special Considerations for Shale 268 5 Case Studies of Fractured Basement Reservoirs 273 5.0 Summary 273 5.1 Introduction 274 5.2 Geophysical Tools 282 5.2.1 Scale Considerations in Logging Fracture Rocks 283 5.2.2 Fracture Applications of Conventional Geophysical Logs 284 5.2.3 Borehole Techniques 290 5.2.3.1 Borehole Wall Imaging 291 5.2.4 Micro Log Analysis 294 5.2.4.1 High-definition Formation Microimager 295 5.2.4.2 Micro-Conductivity Imager Tool (MCI) 299 5.2.4.3 Multistage Geometric Analysis Method 300 5.2.5 Fracture Identifications using Neural Networks 303 5.3 Petro-physics in Fracture Modeling, Special Logs and their Importance 303 5.3.1 Measurement While Drilling (MWD) 303 5.3.1.1 Formation Properties 305 5.3.2 Mud Logging 306 5.3.2.1 Objectives of Mud Logging 306 5.3.2.2 Mud Losses into Natural Fractures 307 5.3.3 Conventional Logging 308 5.3.3.1 Resistivity Logging 308 5.3.3.2 Porosity Logging 308 5.3.3.3 Combination Tools 308 5.3.3.4 Cased-Hole Logging 309 5.3.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Ultra Sonography 309 5.3.4.1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging 309 5.3.4.2 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 310 5.3.4.3 Ultra-Sonography 311 5.4 Case Study of Vietnam 312 5.5 Case Studies from USA 323 5.5.1 Tuning/Vertical Resolution Analysis 327 5.5.2 Conclusion on Case Study 329 5.5.3 Geological Techniques 329 5.5.3.1 Data and Methods 330 5.5.3.2 Distinguishing Natural Fractures from Induced Fractures and their Well-Logging Response Features 333 5.5.3.3 Analysis of well-Logging Responses to Fractures and Establishment of Interpretation Model 334 5.5.3.4 Distribution of Natural Fracture 335 6 Scientific Characterization of Basement Reservoirs 337 6.1 Summary 337 6.2 Introduction 338 6.3 Characteristic Time 342 6.4 Organic and Mechanical Frequencies 349 6.5 Redefining Force and Energy 351 6.5.1 Energy 351 6.6 Natural Energy vs. Artificial Energy 362 6.7 From Natural Energy to Natural Mass 368 6.8 Organic Origin of Petroleum 397 6.9 Scientific Ranking of Petroleum 403 6.10 Placement of Basement Reservoirs in the Energy Picture 414 6.10.1 Reserve Growth Potential of Basement Oil/Gas 424 6.10.2 Reservoir Categories in the United States 425 6.10.2.1 Eolian Reservoirs 427 6.10.2.2 Interconnected Fluvial, Deltaic, and Shallow Marine Reservoirs 434 6.10.2.3 Deeper Marine Shales 440 6.10.2.4 Marine Carbonate Reservoirs 443 6.10.2.5 Submarine Fan Reservoir 446 6.10.2.6 Fluvial Reservoir 446 6.10.3 Quantitative Measures of Well Production Variability 451 7 Overview of Reservoir Simulation of Basement Reservoirs 459 7.1 Summary 459 7.2 Introduction 460 7.2.1 Vugs and Fractures Together (Triple Porosity): 465 7.3 Meaningful Modeling 466 7.4 Essence of Reservoir Simulation 468 7.4.1 Assumptions behind Various Modeling Approaches 469 7.4.1.1 Material Balance Equation 471 7.4.1.2 Decline Curve 473 7.4.1.3 Statistical Method 482 7.4.1.4 Finite Difference Methods 487 7.5 Modeling Fractured Networks 493 7.5.1 Introduction 493 7.5.2 Double Porosity Models 493 7.5.2.1 The Baker Model 495 7.5.2.2 The Warren-Root Model 1963 496 7.5.2.3 The Kazemi Model 496 7.5.3 The De Swaan Model 497 7.5.4 Modeling of Double Porosity Reservoirs 497 7.5.5 Dimensionless Variables 498 7.5.6 Influence of Double-Porosity Parameters 501 7.5.6.1 Influence of ω: 502 7.5.6.2 Influence of λ: 502 7.6 Double Permeability Models 504 7.6.1 Basic Assumptions for Double Permeability Model 505 7.6.2 Dimensionless Variables 507 7.6.3 Double Permeability Behavior when the two Layers are Producing 508 7.6.4 Influence of Double Permeability Parameters 508 7.6.4.1 Influence of κ and ω: 508 7.6.4.2 Influence of λ: 511 7.6.5 Double Permeability Behavior when only One Layer is Producing 511 7.7 Reservoir Simulation Data Input 514 7.8 Geological and Geophysical Modeling 516 7.9 Reservoir Characterization 518 7.9.1 Representative Elementary Volume, REV 520 7.9.2 Fluid and Rock Properties 523 7.9.2.1 Fluid Properties 523 7.10 Risk Analysis and Reserve Estimations 524 7.10.1 Special Conditions of Unconventional Reservoirs 524 7.10.1.1 Fluid Saturation 525 7.10.1.2 Transition Zones 525 7.10.1.3 Permeability-Porosity Relationships 525 7.10.1.4 Compressibility of the Fractured Reservoirs 526 7.10.1.5 Capillary Pressure 526 7.10.2 Recovery Mechanisms in Fractured Reservoirs 528 7.10.2.1 Expansion 528 7.10.2.2 Sudation 530 7.10.2.3 Convection and Diffusion 532 7.10.2.4 Multiphase Flow in the Fracture Network 532 7.10.2.5 Interplay of the Recovery Processes 533 7.10.2.6 Cyclic Water Injection 533 7.10.2.7 Localized Deformation of Fluid Contacts 534 7.10.3 Specific Aspects of a Fractured Reservoir 535 7.10.3.1 Material Balance Relationships 535 7.10.4 Migration of Hydrocarbons in a Fractured Reservoir and Associated Risks 538 7.10.4.1 The Case of Fracturing Followed by Hydrocarbon Migration 538 7.11 Recent Advances in Reservoir Simulation 542 7.11.1 Speed and Accuracy 542 7.11.2 New Fluid Flow Equations 543 7.11.3 Coupled Fluid Flow and Geo-Mechanical Stress Model 545 7.11.4 Fluid Flow Modeling under Thermal Stress 547 7.11.5 Challenges of Modeling Unconventional Gas Reservoirs 547 7.12 Comprehensive Modeling 556 7.12.1 Governing Equations 556 7.12.2 Darcy’s Model 557 7.12.3 Forchheimer’s Model 558 7.12.4 Modified Brinkman’s Model 561 7.12.5 The Comprehensive Model 564 7.13 Towards Solving Non-Linear Equations 568 7.13.1 Adomian Domain Decomposition Method 569 7.13.2 Governing Equations 571 7.14 Adomian Decomposition of Buckley-Leverett Equation 573 7.14.1 Discussion 576 8 Conclusions and Recommendations 581 8.1 Concluding Remarks 581 8.2 Answers to the Research Questions 582 8.2.1 Is Sustainable Petroleum Technology Possible? 582 8.2.2 Why is it Important to Know the Origin of Petroleum? 582 8.2.3 What is the Likelihood of an Organic Source for Basement Fluids? 583 8.2.4 What is the Implication of the Abiogenic Theory of Hydrocarbon? 583 8.2.5 How Important are the Fractures for Basement Reservoirs? 583 8.2.6 What are we Missing Out? 584 8.2.7 Predicting the Future? 584 8.2.8 What is the Actual Potential of Basement Hydrocarbons? 584 9 References and Bibliography 587 Index 619
£195.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Chemical Process Engineering Volume 1
Book SynopsisWritten by two of the most prolific and respected chemical engineers in the world, this groundbreaking two-volume set is the new standard in the industry, offering engineers and students alike the most up-do-date, comprehensive, and state-of-the-art coverage of processes and best practices in the field today. This first new volume in a two-volume set explores and describes integrating new tools for engineering education and practice for better utilization of the existing knowledge on process design. Useful not only for students, professors, scientists and practitioners, especially process, chemical, mechanical and metallurgical engineers, it is also a valuable reference for other engineers, consultants, technicians and scientists concerned about various aspects of industrial design. The text can be considered as a complementary text to process design for senior and graduate students as well as a hands-on reference work or refresher for engineers at entry level.Table of ContentsPreface xvii Acknowledgments xix About the Authors xxi 1 Computations with Excel Spreadsheet-UniSim Design Simulation 1 Section I - Numerical Analysis 1 Introduction 1 Excel Spreadsheet 1 Functions 2 Trendline Coefficients 2 Goal Seek 5 Solver 6 Linear Regression 7 Measuring Regression Quality 9 Multiple Regression 9 Polynomial Regression 11 Simultaneous Linear Equations 11 Nonlinear Equations 12 Interpolations 13 Integrations 14 The Trapezoidal Rule 14 Simpson’s 1/3 Rule 15 Simpson’s 3/8 Rule 15 Differential Equations 15 Nth Order Ordinary Differential Equations 15 Solution of First-Order Ordinary Differential Equations 15 Runge-Kutta Methods 16 Examples and Solutions 17 Section II – Process Simulation 28 Introduction 28 Thermodynamics for Process Simulators 29 UNISIM Design Software 30 Examples and Solutions 31 References 78 2 Physical Property of Pure Components and Mixtures 81 Pure Components 81 Density of Liquid 82 Viscosity of Liquid 83 Heat Capacity of Liquid 85 Thermal Conductivity of Liquid 87 Volumetric Expansion Rate 90 Vapor Pressure 91 Viscosity of Gas 93 Thermal Conductivity of Gas 94 Heat Capacity of Gases 95 Mixtures 97 Surface Tensions 98 Viscosity of Gas Mixture 99 Enthalpy of Formation 101 Enthalpy of Vaporization 103 Gibbs Energy of Reaction 105 Henry’s Law Constant for Gases in Water 107 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Liquid 108 Diffusion Coefficients 109 Gas-Phase Diffusion Coefficients 109 Liquid-Phase Diffusion Coefficients 110 Compressibility Z-factor 111 Solubility and Adsorption 116 Solubility of Hydrocarbons in Water 116 Solubility of Gases in Water 117 Solubility of Sulfur and Nitrogen Compounds in Water 118 Adsorption on Activated Carbon 119 References 119 3 Fluid Flow 121 Introduction 121 Flow of Fluids in Pipes 121 Equivalent Length of Various Fittings and Valves 123 Excess Head Loss 123 Pipe Reduction and Enlargement 124 Pressure Drop Calculations for Single-phase Incompressible Fluids 124 Friction Factor 127 Overall Pressure Drop 128 Nomenclature 130 Compressible Fluid Flow in Pipes 130 Maximum Flow and Pressure Drop 131 Critical or Sonic Flow and the Mach Number 131 Mach Number 132 Mathematical Model of Compressible Isothermal Flow 134 Flow Rate Through Pipeline 136 Pipeline Pressure Drop 138 Nomenclature 139 Subscripts 139 Two-phase Flow in Process Piping 139 Flow Patterns 140 Flow Regimes 142 Pressure Drop 142 Erosion-Corrosion 145 Nomenclature 145 Vapor-liquid Two-phase Vertical Downflow 146 The Equations 147 The Algorithm 147 Nomenclature 147 Line Sizes for Flashing Steam Condensate 148 The Equations 148 Nomenclature 149 Flow Through Packed Beds 150 The Equations 151 Nomenclature 152 Examples and Solutions 152 References 162 4 Equipment Sizing 165 Introduction 165 Sizing of Vertical and Horizontal Separators 166 Vertical Separators 166 Calculation Method for a Vertical Drum 168 Calculation Method for a Horizontal Drum 170 Liquid Holdup and Vapor Space Disengagement 171 Wire Mesh Pad 171 Standards for Horizontal Separators 172 Piping Requirements 172 Nomenclature 172 Sizing of Partly Filled Vessels and Tanks 173 The Equations 173 Nomenclature 175 Preliminary Vessel Design 176 Nomenclature 177 Cyclone Design 178 Introduction 178 Cyclone Design Procedure 178 The Equations 179 Saltation Velocity 180 Pressure Drop 181 Troubleshooting Cyclone Maloperations 182 Cyclone Collection Efficiency 182 Cyclone Design Factor 182 Cyclone Design Procedure 183 Nomenclature 183 Gas Dryer Design 184 The Equations 186 Pressure Drop 187 Desiccant Reactivation 188 Nomenclature 188 Examples and Solutions 189 References 194 5 Instrument Sizing 195 Introduction 195 Variable-Head Meters 195 Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance 196 Variable-Head Meters 196 Orifice Sizing for Liquid and Gas Flows 200 Orifice Sizing for Liquid Flows 201 Orifice Sizing for Gas Flows 202 Orifice Sizing for Liquid Flow 204 Orifice Sizing for Gas Flow 204 Types of Restriction Orifice Plates 205 Case Study 1 205 Nomenclature 212 Control Valve Sizing 221 Introduction 221 Control Valve Characteristics 223 Pressure Drop for Sizing 224 Choked Flow 224 Flashing and Cavitation 224 Control Valve Sizing for Liquid, Gas, Steam and Two-Phase Flows 225 Liquid Sizing 226 Gas Sizing 227 Critical Condition 227 Steam Sizing 227 Two-Phase Flow 228 Installation 229 Noise 229 Control Valve Sizing Criteria 230 Valve Sizing Criteria 230 Self-Acting Regulators 231 Types of Self-Acting Regulators 231 Case Study 2 233 Rules of Thumb 246 Nomenclature 246 References 247 6 Pumps and Compressors Sizing 249 Pumps 249 Introduction 249 Pumping of Liquids 249 Pump Design Standardization 252 Basic Parts of a Centrifugal Pump 253 Impellers 253 Casing 253 Shaft 254 Centrifugal Pump Selection 255 Single-Stage (Single Impeller) Pumps 256 Hydraulic Characteristics for Centrifugal Pumps 260 Friction Losses Due to Flow 269 Velocity Head 269 Friction 271 Net Positive Suction Head (npsh) and Pump Suction 271 General Suction System 277 Reductions in NPSHR 279 Corrections to NPSHR for Hot Liquid Hydrocarbons and Water 279 Charting NPSHR Values of Pumps 280 Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) 280 Specific Speed 282 “Type Specific Speed” 285 Rotative Speed 286 Pumping Systems and Performance 286 System Head Using Two Different Pipe Sizes in Same Line 288 Power Requirements for Pumping Through Process Lines 291 Hydraulic Power 292 Relations Between Head, Horsepower, Capacity, Speed 293 Brake Horsepower (BHP) Input at Pump 293 Affinity Laws 296 Pump Parameters 298 Specific Speed, Flowrate and Power Required by a Pump 299 Pump Sizing of Gas-Oil 301 Debutanizer Unit 303 Centrifugal Pump Efficiency 306 Centrifugal Pump Specifications 311 Pump Specifications 311 Steps in Pump Sizing 312 Reciprocating Pumps 313 Significant Features in Reciprocating Pump Arrangements 314 Application 316 Performance 316 Discharge Flow Patterns 317 Horsepower 318 Pump Selection 318 Selection Rules-of-Thumb 318 A Case Study 321 Pump Simulation on a PFD 321 Variables Descriptions 322 Simulation Algorithm 322 Problem 323 Discussion 324 Pump Cavitation 332 Factors in Pump Selection 333 Compressors 334 Introduction 334 General Application Guide 334 Specification Guides 337 General Considerations for Any Type of Compressor Flow Conditions 337 Fluid Properties 338 Compressibility 338 Corrosive Nature 338 Moisture 339 Special Conditions 339 Specification Sheet 339 Performance Considerations 339 Cooling Water to Cylinder Jackets 339 Heat Rejected to Water 339 Drivers 340 Ideal Pressure – Volume Relationship 341 Actual Compressor Diagram 343 Deviations From Ideal Gas Laws: Compressibility 343 Adiabatic Calculations 346 Charles’ Law at Constant Pressure 346 Amonton’s Law at Constant Volume 346 Combined Boyle’s and Charles’ Laws 346 Entropy Balance Method 347 Isentropic Exponent Method 347 Compression Ratio 354 Horsepower 356 Single Stage 356 Theoretical Hp 356 Actual Brake Horsepower, Bhp 356 Actual Brake Horsepower, Bhp (Alternate Correction for Compressibility) 361 Temperature Rise – Adiabatic 363 Temperature Rise – Polytropic 365 A Case Study Using Unisim Design R460.1 Software for a Two–stage Compression 365 Case Study 2 365 Solution 365 1. Starting UniSim Design Software 366 2. Creating a New Simulation 366 Saving the Simulation 367 3. Adding Components to the Simulation 367 4. Selecting a Fluids Package 368 5. Select the Units for the Simulation 369 6. Enter Simulation Environment 369 Accidentally Closing the PFD 371 Object Palette 371 7. Adding Material Streams 371 8. Specifying Material Streams 372 9. Adding A Compressor 374 Specifications 381 Compression Process 385 Adiabatic 385 Isothermal 385 Polytropic 385 Efficiency 388 Head 390 Adiabatic Head Developed Per Single-stage Wheel 390 Polytropic Head 391 Polytropic 391 Brake Horsepower 393 Speed of Rotation 396 Temperature Rise During Compression 397 Sonic or Acoustic Velocity 399 Mach Number 402 Specific Speed 402 Compressor Equations in Si Units 403 Polytropic Compressor 405 Adiabatic Compressor 408 Efficiency 409 Mass Flow Rate, w 409 Mechanical Losses 410 Estimating Compressor Horsepower 411 Multistage Compressors 412 Multicomponent Gas Streams 414 Affinity Laws 422 Speed 423 Impeller Diameters (Similar) 423 Impeller Diameter (Changed) 424 Effect of Temperature 424 Affinity Law Performance 425 Troubleshooting of Centrifugal and Reciprocating Compressors 425 Nomenclature 429 Greek Symbols 431 Subscripts 432 Nomenclature 432 Subscripts 434 Greek Symbols 434 References 434 Pumps 434 Bibliography 435 References 435 Compressors 435 Bibliography 436 7 Mass Transfer 437 Introduction 437 Vapor Liquid Equilibrium 437 Bubble Point Calculation 441 Dew Point Calculation 442 Equilibrium Flash Composition 442 Fundamental 443 The Equations 444 The Algorithm 445 Nomenclature 446 Tower Sizing for Valve Trays 446 Introduction 446 The Equations 448 Nomenclature 452 Greek Letters 465 Packed Tower Design 466 Introduction 466 Pressure Drop 466 Flooding 466 Operating and Design Conditions 468 Design Equations 471 Packed Towers versus Trayed Towers 473 Economic Trade-Offs 473 Nomenclature 474 Greek Letters 474 Determination of Plates in Fractionating Columns By the Smoker Equations 474 Introduction 474 The Equations 474 Application to a Distillation Column 475 Rectifying Section: 475 Stripping Section: 476 Nomenclature 476 Multicomponent Distribution and Minimum Trays In Distillation Columns 477 Introduction 477 Key Components 477 Equations Surveyed 477 Fractionating Tray Stability Diagrams 479 Areas of Unacceptable Operation 479 Foaming 480 Flooding 480 Entrainment 480 Weeping/Dumping 480 Fractionation Problem Solving Considerations 481 Mathematical Modeling 481 The Fenske’s Method for Total Reflux 483 The Gilliland Method for Number of Equilibrium Stages 484 The Underwood Method 485 Equations for Describing Gilliland’s Graph 486 Kirkbride’s Feed Plate Location 487 Nomenclature 487 Greek Letters 488 Examples and Solutions 488 References 499 Index 501
£180.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Physics of Fluid Flow and Transport in
Book SynopsisPhysics of Fluid Flow and Transport in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks Understanding and predicting fluid flow in hydrocarbon shale and other non-conventional reservoir rocks Oil and natural gas reservoirs found in shale and other tight and ultra-tight porous rocks have become increasingly important sources of energy in both North America and East Asia. As a result, extensive research in recent decades has focused on the mechanisms of fluid transfer within these reservoirs, which have complex pore networks at multiple scales. Continued research into these important energy sources requires detailed knowledge of the emerging theoretical and computational developments in this field. Following a multidisciplinary approach that combines engineering, geosciences and rock physics, Physics of Fluid Flow and Transport in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks provides both academic and industrial readers with a thorough grounding in this cutting-edge area of rock geology, combining an explanation of theTable of ContentsList of Contributors xvii Preface xxi Introduction 1 1 Unconventional Reservoirs: Advances and Challenges 3 Behzad Ghanbarian, Feng Liang, and Hui-Hai Liu 1.1 Background 3 1.2 Advances 4 1.2.1 Wettability 4 1.2.2 Permeability 5 1.3 Challenges 7 1.3.1 Multiscale Systems 7 1.3.2 Hydrocarbon Production 9 1.3.3 Recovery Factor 9 1.3.4 Unproductive Wells 9 1.4 Concluding Remarks 11 References 11 Part I Pore-Scale Characterizations 15 2 Pore-Scale Simulations and Digital Rock Physics 17 Junjian Wang, Feifei Qin, Jianlin Zhao, Li Chen, Hari Viswanathan, and Qinjun Kang 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Physics of Pore-Scale Fluid Flow in Unconventional Rocks 18 2.2.1 Physics of Gas Flow 18 2.2.1.1 Gas Slippage and Knudsen Layer Effect 18 2.2.1.2 Gas Adsorption/Desorption and Surface Diffusion 20 2.2.2 Physics of Water Flow 22 2.2.3 Physics of Condensation 23 2.3 Theory of Pore-Scale Simulation Methods 23 2.3.1 The Isothermal Single-Phase Lattice Boltzmann Method 23 2.3.1.1 Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook (BGK) Collision Operator 24 2.3.1.2 The Multi-Relaxation Time (MRT)-LB Scheme 24 2.3.1.3 The Regularization Procedure 26 2.3.2 Multi-phase Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Method 27 2.3.2.1 Color-Gradient Model 27 2.3.2.2 Shan-Chen Model 28 2.3.3 Capture Fluid Slippage at the Solid Boundary 29 2.3.4 Capture the Knudsen Layer/Effective Viscosity 30 2.3.5 Capture the Adsorption/Desorption and Surface Diffusion Effects 30 2.3.5.1 Modeling of Adsorption in LBM 30 2.3.5.2 Modeling of Surface Diffusion Via LBM 31 2.4 Applications 32 2.4.1 Simulation of Gas Flow in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks 32 2.4.1.1 Gas Slippage 32 2.4.1.2 Gas Adsorption 33 2.4.1.3 Surface Diffusion of Adsorbed Gas 35 2.4.2 Simulation of Water Flow in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks 35 2.4.3 Simulation of Immiscible Two-Phase Flow 39 2.4.4 Simulation of Vapor Condensation 43 2.4.4.1 Model Validations 44 2.4.4.2 Vapor Condensation in Two Adjacent Nano-Pores 44 2.5 Conclusion 48 References 49 3 Digital Rock Modeling: A Review 53 Yuqi Wu and Pejman Tahmasebi 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Single-Scale Modeling of Digital Rocks 54 3.2.1 Experimental Techniques 54 3.2.1.1 Imaging Technique of Serial Sectioning 54 3.2.1.2 Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy 54 3.2.1.3 X-Ray Computed Tomography Scanning 55 3.2.2 Computational Methods 55 3.2.2.1 Simulated Annealing 56 3.2.2.2 Markov Chain Monte Carlo 56 3.2.2.3 Sequential Indicator Simulation 56 3.2.2.4 Multiple-Point Statistics 57 3.2.2.5 Machine Learning 58 3.2.2.6 Process-Based Modeling 58 3.3 Multiscale Modeling of Digital Rocks 59 3.3.1 Multiscale Imaging Techniques 60 3.3.2 Computational Methods 60 3.3.2.1 Image Superposition 60 3.3.2.2 Pore-Network Integration 61 3.3.2.3 Image Resolution Enhancement 63 3.3.2.4 Object-Based Reconstruction 63 3.4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 65 Acknowledgments 66 References 66 4 Scale Dependence of Permeability and Formation Factor: A Simple Scaling Law 77 Behzad Ghanbarian and Misagh Esmaeilpour 4.1 Introduction 77 4.2 Theory 78 4.2.1 Funnel Defect Approach 78 4.2.2 Application to Porous Media 79 4.3 Pore-network Simulations 80 4.4 Results and Discussion 81 4.5 Limitations 86 4.6 Conclusion 86 Acknowledgment 86 References 87 Part II Core-Scale Heterogeneity 89 5 Modeling Gas Permeability in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks 91 Behzad Ghanbarian, Feng Liang, and Hui-Hai Liu 5.1 Introduction 91 5.1.1 Theoretical Models 91 5.1.2 Pore-Network Models 92 5.1.3 Gas Transport Mechanisms 93 5.1.4 Objectives 93 5.2 Effective-Medium Theory 93 5.3 Single-Phase Gas Permeability 95 5.3.1 Gas Permeability in a Cylindrical Tube 95 5.3.2 Pore Pressure-Dependent Gas Permeability in Tight Rocks 96 5.3.3 Comparison with Experiments 96 5.3.4 Comparison with Pore-Network Simulations 98 5.3.5 Comparaison with Lattice-Boltzmann Simulations 99 5.4 Gas Relative Permeability 100 5.4.1 Hydraulic Flow in a Cylindrical Pore 100 5.4.2 Molecular Flow in a Cylindrical Pore 101 5.4.3 Total Gas Flow in a Cylindrical Pore 101 5.4.4 Gas Relative Permeability in Tight Rocks 101 5.4.5 Comparison with Experiments 102 5.4.6 Comparison with Pore-Network Simulations 107 5.5 Conclusions 108 Acknowledgment 109 References 109 6 NMR and Its Applications in Tight Unconventional Reservoir Rocks 113 Jin-Hong Chen, Mohammed Boudjatit, and Stacey M. Althaus 6.1 Introduction 113 6.2 Basic NMR Physics 113 6.2.1 Nuclear Spin 114 6.2.2 Nuclear Zeeman Splitting and NMR 114 6.2.3 Nuclear Magnetization 115 6.2.4 Bloch Equations and NMR Relaxation 116 6.2.5 Simple NMR Experiments: Free Induction Decay and CPMG Echoes 117 6.2.6 NMR Relaxation of a Pure Fluid in a Rock Pore 118 6.2.7 Measured NMR CPMG Echoes in a Formation Rock 119 6.2.8 Inversion 119 6.2.8.1 Regularized Linear Least Squares 120 6.2.8.2 Constrains of the Resulted NMR Spectrum in Inversion 120 6.2.9 Data from NMR Measurement 121 6.3 NMR Logging for Unconventional Source Rock Reservoirs 121 6.3.1 Brief Introduction of Unconventional Source Rocks 121 6.3.2 NMR Measurement of Source Rocks 122 6.3.2.1 NMR Log of a Source Rock Reservoir 122 6.3.3 Pore Size Distribution in a Shale Gas Reservoir 124 6.4 NMR Measurement of Long Whole Core 125 6.4.1 Issues of NMR Instrument for Long Sample 125 6.4.2 HSR-NMR of Long Core 126 6.4.3 Application Example 128 6.5 NMR Measurement on Drill Cuttings 130 6.5.1 Measurement Method 131 6.5.1.1 Preparation of Drill Cuttings 131 6.5.1.2 Measurements 131 6.5.2 Results 132 6.6 Conclusions 133 References 135 7 Tight Rock Permeability Measurement in Laboratory: Some Recent Progress 139 Hui-Hai Liu, Jilin Zhang, and Mohammed Boudjatit 7.1 Introduction 139 7.2 Commonly Used Laboratory Methods 140 7.2.1 Steady-State Flow Method 140 7.2.2 Pressure Pulse-Decay Method 141 7.2.3 Gas Research Institute Method 143 7.3 Simultaneous Measurement of Fracture and Matrix Permeabilities from Fractured Core Samples 144 7.3.1 Estimation of Fracture and Matrix Permeability from PPD Data for Two Flow Regimes 144 7.3.2 Mathematical Model 146 7.3.3 Method Validation and Discussion 148 7.4 Direct Measurement of Permeability-Pore Pressure Function 150 7.4.1 Knudsen Diffusion, Slippage Flow, and Effective Gas Permeability 150 7.4.2 Methodology for Directly Measuring Permeability-Pore Pressure Function 152 7.4.3 Experiments 155 7.5 Summary and Conclusions 159 References 159 8 Stress-Dependent Matrix Permeability in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks 163 Athma R. Bhandari, Peter B. Flemings, and Sebastian Ramiro-Ramirez 8.1 Introduction 163 8.2 Sample Descriptions 164 8.3 Permeability Test Program 165 8.4 Permeability Behavior with Confining Stress Cycling 166 8.5 Matrix Permeability Behavior 170 8.6 Concluding Remarks 172 Acknowledgments 174 References 174 9 Assessment of Shale Wettability from Spontaneous Imbibition Experiments 177 Zhiye Gao and Qinhong Hu 9.1 Introduction 177 9.2 Spontaneous Imbibition Theory 178 9.3 Samples and Analytical Methods 179 9.3.1 SI Experiments 179 9.3.2 Barnett Shale from United States 180 9.3.3 Silurian Longmaxi Formation and Triassic Yanchang Formation Shales from China 180 9.3.4 Jurassic Ziliujing Formation Shale from China 182 9.4 Results and Discussion 183 9.4.1 Complicated Wettability of Barnett Shale Inferred Qualitatively from SI Experiments 183 9.4.1.1 Wettability of Barnett Shale 184 9.4.1.2 Properties of Barnett Samples and Their Correlation to Wettability 186 9.4.1.3 Low Pore Connectivity to Water of Barnett Samples 187 9.4.2 More Oil-Wet Longmaxi Formation Shale and More Water-Wet Yanchang Formation Shale 188 9.4.2.1 TOC and Mineralogy 188 9.4.2.2 Pore Structure Difference Between Longmaxi and Yanchang Samples 188 9.4.2.3 Water and Oil Imbibition Experiments 191 9.4.2.4 Wettability of Longmaxi and Yanchang Shale Samples Deduced from SI Experiments 197 9.4.3 Complicated Wettability of Ziliujing Formation Shale 197 9.4.3.1 TOC and Mineralogy 197 9.4.3.2 Pore Structure 197 9.4.3.3 Water and Oil Imbibition Experiments 200 9.4.3.4 Wettability of Ziliujing Formation Shale Indicated from SI Experiments and its Correlation to Shale Pore Structure and Composition 201 9.4.4 Shale Wettability Evolution Model 201 9.5 Conclusions 204 Acknowledgments 204 References 204 10 Permeability Enhancement in Shale Induced by Desorption 209 Brandon Schwartz and Derek Elsworth 10.1 Introduction 209 10.1.1 Shale Mineralogical Characteristics 209 10.1.2 Flow Network 210 10.1.2.1 Bedding-Parallel Flow Network 211 10.1.2.2 Bedding-Perpendicular Flow Paths 212 10.2 Adsorption in Shales 214 10.2.1 Langmuir Theory 214 10.2.2 Competing Strains in Permeability Evolution 215 10.2.2.1 Poro-Sorptive Strain 215 10.2.2.2 Thermal-Sorptive Strain 218 10.3 Permeability Models for Sorptive Media 218 10.3.1 Strain Based Models 219 10.4 Competing Processes during Permeability Evolution 220 10.4.1 Resolving Competing Strains 220 10.4.2 Solving for Sorption-Induced Permeability Evolution 221 10.5 Desorption Processes Yielding Permeability Enhancement 223 10.5.1 Pressure Depletion 223 10.5.2 Lowering Partial Pressure 224 10.5.3 Sorptive Gas Injection 225 10.5.4 Desorption with Increased Temperature 225 10.6 Permeability Enhancement Due to Nitrogen Flooding 225 10.7 Discussion 226 10.8 Conclusion 228 References 229 11 Multiscale Experimental Study on Interactions Between Imbibed Stimulation Fluids and Tight Carbonate Source Rocks 235 Feng Liang, Hui-Hai Liu, and Jilin Zhang 11.1 Introduction 235 11.2 Fluid Uptake Pathways 236 11.2.1 Experimental Methods 236 11.2.1.1 Materials 236 11.2.1.2 Experimental Procedure 237 11.2.2 Results and Discussion 237 11.2.2.1 Surface Characterization 237 11.2.2.2 Spontaneous Imbibition Tests 239 11.3 Mechanical Property Change After Fluid Exposure 240 11.3.1 Experimental Methods 242 11.3.1.1 Materials 242 11.3.1.2 Experimental Procedure 242 11.3.2 Results and Discussion 243 11.3.2.1 UCS and Brazilian Test on Cylindrical Core Plugs 243 11.3.2.2 Microindentation Test 243 11.4 Morphology and Minerology Changes After Fluid Exposure 245 11.4.1 Experimental Methods 247 11.4.1.1 Materials 247 11.4.1.2 Experimental Procedure 248 11.4.2 Results and Discussion 248 11.4.2.1 SEM and EDS Mapping of Thin-Section Surface before Fluid Treatment 248 11.4.2.2 SEM and EDS Mapping of Thin-Section Surface after Fluid Treatment 251 11.4.2.3 Quantification of Dissolved Ions in the Treatment Fluids 256 11.5 Flow Property Change After Fluid Exposure 257 11.5.1 Experimental Methods 258 11.5.1.1 Materials 258 11.5.1.2 Experimental Procedure 258 11.5.2 Results and Discussion 258 11.5.2.1 Changes in Flow Characteristics 258 11.6 Conclusions 259 References 261 Part III Large-Scale Petrophysics 265 12 Effective Permeability in Fractured Reservoirs: Percolation-Based Effective-Medium Theory 267 Behzad Ghanbarian 12.1 Introduction 267 12.1.1 Percolation Theory 267 12.1.2 Effective-Medium Theory 268 12.2 Objectives 269 12.3 Percolation-Based Effective-Medium Theory 269 12.4 Comparison with Simulations 270 12.4.1 Chen et al. (2019) 270 12.4.1.1 Two-Dimensional Simulations 271 12.4.1.2 Three-Dimensional Simulations 273 12.4.2 New Three-Dimensional Simulations 274 12.5 Conclusion 275 Acknowledgment 277 References 277 13 Modeling of Fluid Flow in Complex Fracture Networks for Shale Reservoirs 281 Hongbing Xie, Xiaona Cui, Wei Yu, Chuxi Liu, Jijun Miao, and Kamy Sepehrnoori 13.1 Shale Reservoirs with Complex Fracture Networks 281 13.2 Complex Fracture Reservoir Simulation 281 13.3 Embedded Discrete Fracture Model 283 13.4 EDFM Verification 286 13.5 Well Performance Study – Base Case 290 13.6 Effect of Natural Fracture Connectivity on Well Performance 294 13.6.1 Effect of Natural Fracture Azimuth 294 13.6.2 Effect of Number of Natural Fractures 295 13.6.3 Effect of Natural Fracture Length 298 13.6.4 Effect of Number of Sets of Natural Fractures 301 13.6.5 Effect of Natural Fracture Dip Angle 305 13.7 Effect of Natural Fracture Conductivity on Well Performance 306 13.8 Conclusions 311 References 312 14 A Closed-Form Relationship for Production Rate in Stress-Sensitive Unconventional Reservoirs 315 Hui-Hai Liu, Huangye Chen, and Yanhui Han 14.1 Introduction 315 14.2 Production Rate as a Function of Time in the Linear Flow Regime Under the Constant Pressure Drawdown Condition 317 14.3 An Approximate Relationship Between Parameter A and Stress-Dependent Permeability 318 14.4 Evaluation of the Relationship Between Parameter A and Stress-Dependent Permeability 321 14.5 Equivalent State Approximation for the Variable Pressure Drawdown Conditions 327 14.6 Discussions 328 14.7 Concluding Remarks 329 Nomenclature 329 Subscript 330 Appendix 14.A Derivation of Eq. (14.22) with Integration by Parts 330 References 331 15 Sweet Spot Identification in Unconventional Shale Reservoirs 333 Rabah Mesdour, Mustafa Basri, Cenk Temizel, and Nayif Jama 15.1 Introduction 333 15.2 Reservoir Characterization 334 15.3 Sweet Spot Identification 334 15.3.1 The Method Based on Organic, Rock and Mechanical Qualities 335 15.3.2 Methods Based on Geological and Engineering Sweet Spots 337 15.3.3 Methods Based on Other Quality Indicators 340 15.3.4 Methods Based on Data Mining and Machine Learning 343 15.4 Discussion 345 15.5 Conclusion 346 References 347 Index 351
£133.20
John Wiley & Sons Inc Petroleum Refining Design and Applications
Book SynopsisPETROLEUM REFINING The third volume of a multi-volume set of the most comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the advances of petroleum refining designs and applications, written by one of the world's most well-known process engineers, this is a must-have for any chemical, process, or petroleum engineer. This volume continues the most up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of the most significant and recent changes to petroleum refining, presenting the state-of-the-art to the engineer, scientist, or student. This book provides the design of process equipment, such as vessels for the separation of two-phase and three-phase fluids, using Excel spreadsheets, and extensive process safety investigations of refinery incidents, distillation, distillation sequencing, and dividing wall columns. It also covers multicomponent distillation, packed towers, liquid-liquid extraction using UniSim design software, and process safety incidents involving these equipment items and pertinent industrial case studies. Useful as a textbook, this is also an excellent, handy go-to reference for the veteran engineer, a volume no chemical or process engineering library should be without. Written by one of the world's foremost authorities, this book sets the standard for the industry and is an integral part of the petroleum refining renaissance. It is truly a must-have for any practicing engineer or student in this area. This groundbreaking new volume: Assists engineers in rapidly analyzing problems and finding effective design methods and select mechanical specifications Provides improved design manuals to methods and proven fundamentals of process design with related data and charts Covers a complete range of basic daytoday petroleum refining operations topics with new materials on significant industry changes Includes extensive Excel spreadsheets for the design of process vessels for mechanical separation of two-phase and three-phase fluids Provides UniSim -based case studies for enabling simulation of key processes outlined in the book Helps achieve optimum operations and process conditions and shows how to translate design fundamentals into mechanical equipment specifications Has a related website that includes computer applications along with spreadsheets and concise applied process design flow charts and process data sheets Provides various case studies of process safety incidents in refineries and means of mitigating these from investigations by the US Chemical Safety Board Includes a vast Glossary of Petroleum and Technical TerminologyTable of ContentsPreface xxii Acknowledgments xxiv 18 Mechanical Separations 1 18.1 Particle Size 1 18.2 Preliminary Separator Selection 6 18.3 Gravity Settlers 16 18.4 Terminal Velocity 19 18.5 Alternate Terminal Velocity Calculation 24 18.6 American Petroleum Institute’s Oil Field Separators 28 18.7 Liquid/Liquid, Liquid/Solid Gravity Separations, Decanters, and Sedimentation Equipment 28 18.8 Horizontal Gravity Settlers or Decanters, Liquid/Liquid 29 18.9 Modified Method of Happel and Jordan 33 18.10 Decanter 36 18.11 Impingement Separators 42 18.12 Centrifugal Separators 68 References 246 19 Distillation 249 19.1 Distillation Process Performance 249 19.2 Equilibrium Basic Considerations 252 19.3 Vapor–Liquid Equilibria 253 19.4 Activity Coefficients 262 19.5 Excess Gibbs Energy—GE 263 19.6 K-Value 264 19.7 Ideal Systems 266 19.8 Henry’s Law 268 19.9 K-Factor Hydrocarbon Equilibrium Charts 269 19.10 Non-Ideal Systems 277 19.11 Thermodynamic Simulation Software Programs 280 19.12 Vapor Pressure 283 19.13 Azeotropic Mixtures 296 19.14 Bubble Point of Liquid Mixture 311 19.15 Equilibrium Flash Computations 316 19.16 Degrees of Freedom 325 19.17 UniSim (Honeywell) Software 326 19.18 Binary System Material Balance: Constant Molal Overflow Tray to Tray 333 19.19 Determination of Distillation Operating Pressures 343 19.20 Condenser Types From a Distillation Column 344 19.21 Effect of Thermal Condition of Feed 348 19.22 Effect of Total Reflux, Minimum Number of Plates in a Distillation Column 352 19.23 Relative Volatility α Separating Factor in a Vapor–Liquid System 355 19.24 Rapid Estimation of Relative Volatility 366 19.25 Estimation of Relative Volatilities Under 1.25 (α < 125) by Ryan 367 19.26 Estimation of Minimum Reflux Ratio: Infinite Plates 368 19.27 Calculation of Number of Theoretical Trays at Actual Reflux 370 19.28 Identification of “Pinch Conditions” on an x-y Diagram at High Pressure 373 19.29 Distillation Column Design 376 19.30 Simulation of a Fractionating Column 378 19.31 Determination of Number of Theoretical Plates in Fractionating Columns by the Smoker Equations at Constant Relative Volatility (α = constant) 396 19.32 The Jafarey, Douglas, and McAvoy Equation: Design and Control 401 19.33 Number of Theoretical Trays at Actual Reflux 411 19.34 Estimating Tray Efficiency in a Distillation Column 413 19.35 Steam Distillation 422 19.36 Distillation with Heat Balance of Component Mixture 432 19.37 Multicomponent Distillation 453 19.38 Scheibel–Montross Empirical: Adjacent Key Systems: Constant or Variable Volatility 494 19.39 Minimum Number of Trays: Total Reflux−Constant Volatility 497 19.40 Smith–Brinkley (SB) Method 512 19.41 Retrofit Design of Distillation Columns 514 19.42 Tray-by-Tray for Multicomponent Mixtures 517 19.43 Tray-by-Tray Calculation of a Multicomponent Mixture Using a Digital Computer 531 19.44 Thermal Condition of Feed 532 19.45 Minimum Reflux-Underwood Method, Determination of αAvg for Multicomponent Mixture 533 19.46 Heat Balance-Adjacent Key Systems with Sharp Separations, Constant Molal Overflow 539 19.47 Stripping Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOC) from Water with Air 542 19.48 Rigorous Plate-to-Plate Calculation (Sorel Method) 547 19.49 Multiple Feeds and Side Streams for a Binary Mixture 551 19.50 Chou and Yaws Method 558 19.51 Optimum Reflux Ratio and Optimum Number of Trays Calculations 561 19.52 Tower Sizing for Valve Trays 574 19.53 Troubleshooting, Predictive Maintenance, and Controls for Distillation Columns 589 19.54 Distillation Sequencing with Columns Having More than Two Products 622 19.55 Heat Integration of Distillation Columns 630 19.56 Capital Cost Considerations for Distillation Columns 634 19.57 The Pinch Design Approach to Inventing a Network 644 19.58 Appropriate Placement and Integration of Distillation Columns 644 19.59 Heat Integration of Distillation Columns: Summary 645 19.60 Common Installation Errors in Distillation Columns 645 References 693 Bibliography 699 20 Packed Towers and Liquid–Liquid Extraction 703 20.1 Shell 707 20.2 Random Packing 708 20.3 Packing Supports 709 20.4 Liquid Distribution 734 20.5 Packing Installation 739 20.6 Contacting Efficiency, Expressed as Kga, HTU, HETP 755 20.7 Packing Size 756 20.8 Pressure Drop 757 20.9 Materials of Construction 759 20.10 Particle versus Compact Preformed Structured Packings 759 20.11 Minimum Liquid Wetting Rates 760 20.12 Loading Point Loading Region 761 20.13 Flooding Point 772 20.14 Foaming Liquid Systems 773 20.15 Surface Tension Effects 773 20.16 Packing Factors 773 20.17 Recommended Design Capacity and Pressure Drop 776 20.18 Pressure Drop Design Criteria and Guide: Random Packings Only 778 20.19 Effects of Physical Properties 781 20.20 Performance Comparisons 784 20.21 Capacity Basis for Design 784 20.22 Proprietary Random Packing Design Guides 796 20.23 Liquid Hold-Up 822 20.24 Packing Wetted Area 824 20.25 Effective Interfacial Area 826 20.26 Entrainment from Packing Surface 827 20.27 Structured Packing 830 20.28 Structured Packing: Technical Performance Features 849 20.29 New Generalized Pressure Drop Correlation Charts 855 20.30 Mass and Heat Transfer in Packed Tower 855 20.31 Number of Transfer Units, NOG, NOL 856 20.32 Gas and Liquid-Phase Coefficients, kG and kL 868 20.33 Height of a Transfer Unit, HOG, HOL, HTU 869 20.34 Distillation in Packed Towers 874 20.35 Liquid–Liquid Extraction 893 20.36 Process Parameters 908 20.37 Solvents Selection for the Extraction Unit 911 20.38 Phenol Extraction Process of Lubes 913 20.39 Furfural Extraction Process 914 20.40 Dispersed-Phase Droplet Size 916 20.41 Theory 920 20.42 Nernst’s Distribution Law 921 20.43 Tie Lines 921 20.44 Phase Diagrams 929 20.45 Countercurrent Extractors 931 20.46 Extraction Equipment 935 References 956 Glossary 961 Appendix D 1087 Appendix F 1163 About the Author 1179 Index 1181
£221.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Nutritional Science and Technology
Book SynopsisNUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Food science is a rapidly changing and complicated subject. This new series addresses the current state-of-the-art concepts and technologies associated with the industry and will cover new ideas and emerging novel technologies and processes. The book Nutritional Science and Technology: Concept to Application in the series, Bioprocessing in Food Science, is an excellent resource for any scientist, engineer, student, or other industry professional interested in this topic. It covers a wide range of topics, including human nutrition, technological processes, the health benefits of fermented foods, and food safety concerns. The content contributors and editors are experts in the field, and their primary goal is to provide extensive knowledge about recent technologies in nutritional science and technology to students, researchers, and industry professionals. Manufacturers are looking for new possibilities to occupy a growing Table of ContentsPreface xv 1 Human Nutrition and Supplements 1Mahak Sharma, Divya Sanghi and Ankita Sharma 1.1 Dietary Supplements -- Introduction 1 1.2 Global History of Dietary Supplements 2 1.3 Usage of Dietary Supplements 3 1.4 Types of Dietary Supplements 3 1.4.1 Natural Dietary Supplements 3 1.4.2 Semi-Synthetic Supplements 3 1.4.3 Synthetic Supplements 4 1.5 Nutritional Adequacy and Dietary Diversity 4 1.6 Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements 5 1.7 Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Health Benefits 6 1.8 Zinc Supplementation and Health Benefits 7 1.9 Iron Supplementation and Health Benefits 9 1.10 Dietary Supplements and Sports 12 1.11 Dietary Supplements and FDA 14 1.12 Dietary Supplements and Toxicity 14 2 Prebiotics, Probiotics and Synbiotics 21Vikram Kumar, Ananya Rana, Prajakta Jagtap, Tejpal Dhewa and Neetu Kumra Taneja 2.1 Introduction 22 2.2 Prebiotics and Its Types 24 2.3 Probiotics 28 2.4 Synbiotics 35 2.5 Encapsulation of Probiotics 36 2.6 Probiotic Foods Developed 45 3 Mechanistic Insights of Dietary Modulation on Gut Microflora and Associated Physiological Changes 63Aarti Yadav, S. Hamsa, Ruby Tiwari, Asha Bharti, Tejpal Dhewa, Rekha Mehrotra and Preeti Verma 3.1 Introduction to Flora in the GIT Tract of Humans-Genus Metabolites 64 3.2 Association of Gut Flora and its Impact on Human Health and Associated Diseases 69 3.3 Dietary Modulation of Gut Flora for Therapeutic Usage 74 3.4 Data from Human and Animal Studies 75 3.5 Future Prospects and Conclusion 78 4 Nutritional Profile, Functional Characteristics, Health Benefits, and Potential Application of Edible Gum (Gond) 83Anju Kundalia, Angel Mishra, Chanchal Rani, Deepti Gupta, Kalpana Gautam, K.M. Sushma and Murlidhar Meghwal 4.1 Introduction 84 4.2 Nutritional Facts of Gond 84 4.3 Properties of Gond 85 4.4 Biological Sources of Gond 86 4.5 Geographical Sources of Gond 86 4.6 Benefits of Gond 86 4.7 Other Uses of Gond 97 5 Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Nutritional Aspects and Their Role in Health and Diseases 103Shriya Bhatt, Rashim Kumari, Deepika, Rajni Chopra, Tejpal Dhewa and Anita Kumari 5.1 Introduction 104 5.2 Nomenclature and Types of Omega-3 Fatty Acids 105 5.3 Food Sources and Supplements 106 5.4 Intake and Safety of Fatty Acids 111 5.5 Health Benefits 112 5.6 Conclusion 114 6 Role of Fermented Dairy Products in Enhancing Immunity 117Vaishali Dasriya, Soniya Ranveer, Rudrakshi Bajaj, Aakash Sharma, Yugal Dasriya and Harmeet Singh Dhillon 6.1 Introduction 118 6.2 Immune Enhancing Potential of Fermented Foods: Mechanism 119 6.3 Fermented Dairy Products Modulators of Intestinal Microbiota 121 6.4 Fermented Dairy Products Modulate Immune System 121 6.5 Future Trends 127 6.6 Conclusion 127 7 Potential Applications of Nanotechnology in Food Systems: An Overview 135Sunny Dhiman, Prachi Singh, Anu Kumar and Gunjan Mukherjee 7.1 Introduction 136 7.2 Natural Self-Assembled Food Nanostructures 136 7.3 Classification of Nanoparticles Applied in Food Industry 137 7.4 Potential Applications: Nanotechnology in Food Industry 140 7.5 Nanotoxicity and Health Hazards 152 7.6 Nanotechnology in Food Industry: Regulatory Issues and Challenges 153 7.7 Food Nanotech: Future Prospects and Conclusion 154 8 Nutritional Biomarkers in Metabolic Disorders 165Komal Dagar, Mrinal Samtiya, Veda Krishnan, Sunil K. Srivastava, Ananya Rana, Anita Kumari, Sanjeev Kumar and Tejpal Dhewa 8.1 Introduction 166 8.2 Metabolic Syndrome 168 8.3 Nutritional Biomarkers (NB) 169 8.4 Factors Affecting the Specificity and Utility of Nutritional Biomarkers 173 8.5 Role of Different Nutritional Biomarkers (Serum Biomarkers) in Different Metabolic Syndromes 175 8.6 Novel Biomarkers 184 8.7 Various Analytical Techniques Related to Different Nutritional Biomarkers 185 8.8 Level of Biomarkers in Extreme Coronavirus Infection 188 8.9 Health Biomarkers 189 8.10 Concept of Omics in Development of New and Integrative Nutritional Biomarkers 189 8.11 Limitations and Challenges in the Field of Nutritional Biomarkers 190 8.12 Future Directions and Perspectives 191 8.13 Conclusions 191 9 Food Safety and Quality Assurance in the Food Chain: Focus on Foodborne Outbreaks 199Pierina Visciano and Maria Schirone 9.1 Introduction 199 9.2 Classification of Foodborne Diseases by Symptomatology 201 9.3 The EFSA-ECDC Reports on Zoonoses and Foodborne Outbreaks 204 9.4 The Notifications from the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed Portal 207 9.5 Conclusions 221 10 Emerging Techniques in Food Preservation 223Sunita Aggarwal and Shalini Sehgal 10.1 Introduction 223 10.2 High-Pressure Processing (HPP) 225 10.3 Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Processing 232 10.4 Pulsed Light Technology (PLT) 234 10.5 Ultrasound Food Processing 235 10.6 Ohmic Heating of Food 236 10.7 Cold Plasma 236 10.8 Oscillating Magnetic Field (OMF) 237 10.9 Higher Pressure Thermal (HPT) Processing 237 10.10 Bacteriocins 239 10.11 Dielectric Heating Using Radio Waves 239 10.12 Microwave 240 10.13 Irradiation 240 10.13.1 Ionizing Radiations 241 10.13.2 Non-Ionizing Radiations 242 10.14 Conclusion 243 11 Food Omics and Its Implications in Nutritional Sciences 245Somnath Mandal, Nandita Sahana, Ramesh S.V. and Veda Krishnan 11.1 Food Omics: An Overview 245 11.2 Techniques in Food Omics 246 11.3 Food Omics Studies & Their Challenges 255 11.4 Food Omics: A Platform to Investigate Health Benefits 261 12 Consumer Viewpoints Regarding Food and Risk Assessment 273Ananya Rana, Shivangi Mishra, Komal Soni, Mrinal Samtiya, Neetu Kumra Taneja and Tejpal Dhewa 12.1 Introduction 274 12.2 Food Safety 277 12.3 Food Standards and Regulations in India 280 12.4 The Key Terms Involved in Risk Management 282 12.5 The Fundamental Principles of Food Safety Risk Management 284 12.6 Types of Food Risks 285 12.7 Factors that Modulate Consumers’ Perception of Risk 287 12.8 Conclusion 288 13 Application of Nanomaterials in Detection of Food Contaminants: A Food Safety Perspective 295Sunny Dhiman, Prachi Singh, Anu Kumar and Gunjan Mukherjee 13.1 Introduction 295 13.2 Global Scenario from Food Safety Perspective 296 13.3 Current Food Safety Strategies and Food Safety 297 13.4 Application of Nanotechnology in Detection of Food Contaminants 298 13.5 Advancements in Nano-Biosensing of Food Contaminants 304 13.6 Potential Risks and Future Prospects of Nanomaterials in Food Safety 308 13.7 Conclusions 308 14 Food Allergy and Food Intolerance 317Sunita Aggarwal 14.1 Introduction 318 14.2 Food Allergy and Food Intolerance 318 14.3 Food Allergens 320 14.4 Types of Food Allergy 323 14.5 Mechanism of Food Allergy 324 14.6 Risk Factors Involved in Food Allergy 326 14.7 Symptoms of Food Allergy 326 14.8 Diagnosis of Food Allergy 328 14.9 Treatment of Food Allergy 330 14.10 Food Intolerance 332 14.11 Conclusion 332 15 Molecular Nutrition and Nutrient--Gene Interactions 335S. Hamsa, Aarti Yadav, Ruby Tiwari and Tejpal Dhewa 15.1 Introduction 336 15.2 Molecular Nutrition: Understanding Basic Mechanisms 337 15.3 Nutrigenetics 340 15.4 Nutrigenomics 343 15.5 Nutriepigenomics 344 15.6 Nutrimetabolomics 345 15.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 346 16 Food Metabolism and Chronic Diseases 355Ruby Tiwari, Aarti Yadav, S. Hamsa and Tejpal Dhewa 16.1 Introduction 356 16.2 Food Metabolism and Associated Diseases 357 16.3 Nutrient Intake Goals for Preventing Diet-Related Chronic Disease 366 16.4 Conclusion and Future Prospects 369 17 Nanomaterials in Food System 383Anu Kumar, Bhanu Krishan, Sunny Dhiman and Tejpal Dhewa 17.1 Introduction 383 17.2 Nanomaterials as an Emerging Tool 385 17.3 Nanomaterials in Food Industry 386 17.3.1 Nanosensors 387 17.3.2 Nanoparticles 388 17.3.3 Nanofilms and Nanocomposites 389 17.3.4 Liposomes 389 17.3.5 Nanotubes and Nanofibers 389 17.4 Conclusion 390 References 391 About the Editors 395 Index 397
£169.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Chemical Process Engineering Volume 2
Book SynopsisCHEMICAL PROCESS ENGINEERING Written by one of the most prolific and respected chemical engineers in the world and his co-author, also a well-known and respected engineer, this two-volume set is the new standard in the industry, offering engineers and students alike the most up-do-date, comprehensive, and state-of-the-art coverage of processes and best practices in the field today. This new two-volume set explores and describes integrating new tools for engineering education and practice for better utilization of the existing knowledge on process design. Useful not only for students, university professors, and practitioners, especially process, chemical, mechanical and metallurgical engineers, it is also a valuable reference for other engineers, consultants, technicians and scientists concerned about various aspects of industrial design. The text can be considered as complementary to process design for senior and graduate students as well as a hands-on reference work or refresher for engineers at entry level. The contents of the book can also be taught in intensive workshops in the oil, gas, petrochemical, biochemical and process industries. The book provides a detailed description and hands-on experience on process design in chemical engineering, and it is an integrated text that focuses on practical design with new tools, such as Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and UniSim simulation software. Written by two of the industry's most trustworthy and well-known authors, this book is the new standard in chemical, biochemical, pharmaceutical, petrochemical and petroleum refining. Covering design, analysis, simulation, integration, and, perhaps most importantly, the practical application of Microsoft Excel-UniSim software, this is the most comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of all of the latest developments in the industry. It is a must-have for any engineer or student's library.Table of ContentsPreface xxi Acknowledgments xxiii About the Authors xxv 8 Heat Transfer 505 9 Process Integration and Heat Exchanger Network 947 10 Process Safety and Pressure-Relieving Devices 1093 11 Chemical Kinetics and Reactor Design 1253 12 Engineering Economics 1335 13 Optimization in Chemical/Petroleum Engineering 1363 Epilogue 1405 Index 1415
£220.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Timefrequency Analysis of Seismic Signals
Book SynopsisA practical and insightful discussion of time-frequency analysis methods and technologies Timefrequency analysis of seismic signals aims to reveal the local properties of nonstationary signals. The local properties, such as time-period, frequency, and spectral content, vary with time, and the time of a seismic signal is a proxy of geologic depth. Therefore, the timefrequency spectrum is composed of the frequency spectra that are generated by using the classic Fourier transform at different time positions. Different timefrequency analysis methods are distinguished in the construction of the local kernel prior to using the Fourier transform. Based on the difference in constructing the Fourier transform kernel, this book categorises timefrequency analysis methods into two groups: Gabor transform-type methods and energy density distribution methods. This book systematically presents timefrequency analysis methods, including technologies which have not been prTable of ContentsPreface viii 1 Nonstationary signals and spectral properties 1 1.1 Stationary signals 1 1.2 Nonstationary signals 5 1.3 The Fourier transform and the average properties 7 1.4 The analytic signal and the instantaneous properties 10 1.5 Computation of the instantaneous frequency 13 1.6 Two groups of time-frequency analysis methods 17 2 The Gabor transform 19 2.1 Short-time Fourier transform 19 2.2 The Gabor transform 23 2.3 The cosine function windows 26 2.4 Spectral leakage 31 2.5 The Gabor limit of time-frequency resolution 33 2.6 Implementation of the Gabor transform 36 2.7 The inverse Gabor transform 40 2.8 Application in inverse Q Filtering 42 3 The continuous wavelet transform 47 3.1 Basics of the continuous wavelet transform 47 3.2 The complex Morlet wavelet 51 3.3 The Morse wavelet 54 3.4 The generalised seismic wavelet 58 3.5 The frequency representation 62 3.6 The inverse wavelet transform 64 3.7 Implementation of the continuous wavelet transform 66 3.8 Hydrocarbon reservoir characterisation 68 4 The S transform 73 4.1 Basics of the S transform 74 4.2 The generalised S transform 77 Time-Frequency vi Analysis of Seismic Signals 4.3 The fractional Fourier transform 79 4.4 The fractional S transform 83 4.5 Implementation of the S transform 86 4.6 The inverse S transform 88 4.7 Application to clastic and carbonate reservoirs 93 5 The W transform 95 5.1 Basics of the W transform 95 5.2 The generalised W transform 99 5.3 Implementation of nonstationary convolution 106 5.4 The inverse W transform 108 5.5 Application to detect hydrocarbon reservoirs 109 5.6 Application to detect karst voids 112 6 The Wigner-Ville distribution 117 6.1 Basics of the Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) 117 6.2 Defining the WVD with the analytic signal 120 6.3 Properties of the WVD 123 6.4 The smoothed WVD 126 6.5 The generalised class of time-frequency representations 132 6.6 The ambiguity function and the generalised WVD 134 6.7 Implementation of the standard and smoothed WVDs 140 6.8 Implementation of the ambiguity function and the generalised WVD 147 7 Matching pursuit 151 7.1 Basics of matching pursuit 151 7.2 Three-stage matching pursuit 153 7.3 Matching pursuit with the Morlet wavelet 157 7.4 The sigma filter 159 7.5 Multichannel matching pursuit 163 7.6 Structure-adaptive matching pursuit 168 7.7 Three applications 170 8 Local power spectra with multiple windows 175 8.1 Multiple orthogonal windows 176 8.2 Multiple windows defined by the prolate spheroidal wave functions 178 8.3 Multiple windows constructed by solving a discretised eigenvalue problem 180 8.4 Multiple windows constructed by Gaussian functions 184 8.5 The Gabor transform with multiple windows 187 8.6 The WVD with multiple windows 190 Contents vii Appendices 195 A The Gaussian integrals, the Gamma function, and the Gauss error functions 195 B The Fourier transform of the tapered boxcar window, the truncated Gaussian window, and the Blackman window 198 C The generalised seismic wavelet 201 D The fractional Fourier transform 203 E Marginal conditions and the analytic signal in the WVD definition 204 F Prolate spheroidal wave functions and the associated Legendre polynomials 209 References 215 Author index 223 Subject index 225
£108.00
Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Rock Mechanics
Book SynopsisThis new edition has been completely revised to reflect the notable innovations in mining engineering and the remarkable developments in the science of rock mechanics and the practice of rock angineering taht have taken place over the last two decades. Although Rock Mechanics for Underground Mining addresses many of the rock mechanics issues that arise in underground mining engineering, it is not a text exclusively for mining applications. Based on extensive professional research and teaching experience, this book will provide an authoratative and comprehensive text for final year undergraduates and commencing postgraduate stydents. For profesional practitioners, not only will it be of interests to mining and geological engineers, but also to civil engineers, structural mining geologists and geophysicists as a standard work for professional reference purposes.Table of ContentsRock mechanics and mining engineering.- Stress and infinitesimal strain.- Rock mass structure and characterisation.- Rock strength and deformability.- Pre-mining state of stress.- Methods of stress analysis.- Excavation design in massive elastic rock.- Excavation design in stratified rock.- Excavation design in blocky rock.- Energy, mine stability, mine seismicity and rockbursts.- Rock support and reinforcement.- Mining methods and method selection.- Pillar supported mining methods.- Artificially supported mining methods.- Longwall and caving mining methods.- Mining-induced surface subsidence.- Blasting mechanics.- Monitoring rock mass performance.
£85.49
Johns Hopkins University Press Coal and Empire
Book SynopsisThe fascinating history of how coal-based energy became entangled with American security.Since the early twentieth century, Americans have associated oil with national security. From World War I to American involvement in the Middle East, this connection has seemed a self-evident truth. But, as Peter A. Shulman argues, Americans had to learn to think about the geopolitics of energy in terms of security, and they did so beginning in the nineteenth century: the age of coal. Coal and Empire insightfully weaves together pivotal moments in the history of science and technology by linking coal and steam to the realms of foreign relations, navy logistics, and American politics. Long before oil, coal allowed Americans to rethink the place of the United States in the world.Shulman explores how the development of coal-fired oceangoing steam power in the 1840s created new questions, opportunities, and problems for U.S. foreign relations and naval strategy. The searcTrade ReviewExciting to read. It is the product of someone who is such a gifted writer. New Books in Science, Technology, and Society Peter Shulman's excellent new book mines the pre-history of the relationship between ideas about energy extraction and the building of the United States as an imperial nation. Explorations in Federal History ... Coal and Empire is a major contribution to foreign policy history and an essential read for any scholar interested in the development of policy and technology during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. H-Net Reviews Enlightening reading for anyone interested in the politics and economics of energy. Choice In his exhaustively researched book, Shulman convincingly argues for the centrality of coal to nineteenth-century American domestic and foreign policy, pointing out that 'when seen from the perspective of coal, the great process of industrialization and the emergence of the United States as a global power unfolded at the same time as intertwined processes'... His fast paced and wide-ranging work recounts a number of fascinating episodes central to nineteenth-century American history through the lens of energy needs. Diplomatic History ...[Shulman's] rich text provides a vital contribution to our understanding of how resource exploitation--and hence science and technological change--was woven into the history of economics, international affairs, and domestic politics. Journal of American History Peter A. Shulman's Coal and Empire: The Birth of Energy Security in Industrial America offers an intellectual feast for both historians and modern energy scholars. Meticulously researched and expertly written, it attempts to show how an energy fuel, in this instance coal, became an integral part of United States national security in the nineteenth century. Technology and Culture A forceful book--well-written, eye-opening, and analytically sharp...Coal and Empire is essential reading for anyone interested in the deep roots of the modern fossil economy. American Historical Review Regardless of where you stand on the nineteenth-century US imperial question, the resources, technology, and politics behind expanding US interests have long needed the careful treatment Coal and Empire provides. Historical Geography ... the book is an important one, and the histories of more quotidian commodities need more attention more generally. By using coal as a lens Shulman shows its integral place across US history and the development of its global role into the twentieth century. Mariner's MirrorTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Empire and the Politics of Information2. Engineering Economy3. The Economy of Time and Space4. The Slavery Solution5. The Debate over Coaling Station6. Inventing LogisticsConclusionChronological Listing of Cited Congressional Publicationsfrom the United States Serial SetNotesBibliographic EssayIndex
£38.70
Johns Hopkins University Press Coal and Empire
Book SynopsisTrade ReviewEnlightening reading for anyone interested in the politics and economics of energy.—ChoiceExciting to read. It is the product of someone who is such a gifted writer.—New Books NetworkPeter Shulman’s excellent new book mines the pre-history of the relationship between ideas about energy extraction and the building of the United States as an imperial nation.—Explorations in Federal HistoryA major contribution to foreign policy history and an essential read for any scholar interested in the development of policy and technology during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.—H-Net ReviewsIn his exhaustively researched book, Shulman convincingly argues for the centrality of coal to nineteenth-century American domestic and foreign policy. His fast paced and wide-ranging work recounts a number of fascinating episodes central to nineteenth-century American history through the lens of energy needs.—Diplomatic History[Shulman's] rich text provides a vital contribution to our understanding of how resource exploitation—and hence science and technological change—was woven into the history of economics, international affairs, and domestic politics.—Journal of American HistoryCoal and Empire offers an intellectual feast for both historians and modern energy scholars. Meticulously researched and expertly written, it attempts to show how an energy fuel, in this instance coal, became an integral part of United States national security in the nineteenth century.—Technology and CultureA forceful book—well-written, eye-opening, and analytically sharp. Coal and Empire is essential reading for anyone interested in the deep roots of the modern fossil economy.—American Historical ReviewRegardless of where you stand on the nineteenth-century US imperial question, the resources, technology, and politics behind expanding US interests have long needed the careful treatment Coal and Empire provides.—Historical GeographyThe book is an important one, and the histories of more quotidian commodities need more attention more generally. By using coal as a lens Shulman shows its integral place across US history and the development of its global role into the twentieth century.—Mariner's MirrorInnovative and important analyses of the specific role of engineers and technology in provoking changes in energy policies, and thus international relations . . . by delivering a detailed and accurate historical reconstruction of energy in nineteenth-century America, the book provides an interesting comparative case to present narratives about oil and energy security in the contemporary United States.—AMBIXFactpacked book of vital information.—M.G. ParegianCoal and Empire apporte ainsi une réflexion de long terme conduisant jusqu'aux rivages du temps présent. Ce n'est pas l'un des moindres attraits de ce livre stimulant.—Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales [English edition]While the book is an excellent stand-alone study of the American adoption of coal for naval, mercantile, and imperial gains, it also is a fascinating addition to the growing field of energy history. Readers searching for an in-depth examination of naval and government policy will find what they seek, but so too will those interested in broader American, environmental, and energy histories.—Canadian Journal of HistoryTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Empire and the Politics of Information2. Engineering Economy3. The Economy of Time and Space4. The Slavery Solution5. The Debate over Coaling Station6. Inventing LogisticsConclusionChronological Listing of Cited Congressional Publicationsfrom the United States Serial SetNotesBibliographic EssayIndex
£27.45
Arcadia Publishing (SC) Bakersfield
Book Synopsis
£19.19
Duke University Press Bolivia in the Age of Gas
Book SynopsisBret Gustafson examines the centrality of natural gas and oil to the making of modern Bolivia and the contradictory convergence of fossil-fueled capitalism, Indigenous politics, and revolutionary nationalism.Trade Review“Fossil capitalism, and the calamitous consequences of our dependence on coal and petroleum, is central to any understanding of life in the Anthropocene. Bret Gustafson offers up an original and compelling take on the oft-told tale of oil wealth, petroviolence, and the so-called curse of oil dependency by reinterpreting the colonial and postcolonial history of Bolivia through the country's relation to natural gas, what he calls the gaseous state. Gustafson draws together the temporalities, spaces, and excesses of a world built through the exploitation of gas and in so doing takes the reader on an exhilarating ride through US imperialism, the Bolivian state, Indigenous territoriality, the hard-edged world of pipelines, wellheads, violent corporate capital, and of course the rise and fall of Evo Morales. A book for our time.” -- Michael Watts, Class of 63 Professor, University of California, Berkeley“Bolivia in the Age of Gas is without a doubt the definitive account of the Bolivian petrostate and its subjects. It makes important contributions to anthropology, to Latin American studies, and to the emergent interdisciplinary literature in energy humanities. It is also a true pleasure to read, the rare scholarly page-turner that conveys critical analytical insights in terms and ethnographic moments that will captivate readers of all backgrounds.” -- Dominic Boyer, author of * Energopolitics: Wind and Power in the Anthropocene *“Bret Gustafson’s Bolivia in the Age of Gas is an ambitious and exquisitely detailed historical ethnography of Bolivia and its complicated relation with gas (and oil).... Gustafson exudes an enviable clarity even as he insists on nuance, complexity and contradiction.” -- Maria Elena Garcia * ReVista *“Gustafson’s Bolivia in the Age of Gas examines the historical and contemporary cultural politics of Bolivia’s complex and often troubled relationship with natural gas.... Fundamental questions surface at the end of [Gustafson’s book] that chart new directions for political analyses of Latin American social movements....” -- Nicole Fabricant * NACLA Report on the Americas *"[Bolivia in the Age of Gas] provide[s] important insight into Bolivia and Ecuador, and into fossil-fuel capitalism writ large." -- Kim Fortun & James Adams * Public Books *"While [Bret Gustafson] assumes a degree of familiarity with Bolivian geography and political history, his writing is gripping, and the book will be fruitful for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses." -- C. Lurtz * Choice *"Gustafson’s book is historically expansive, beginning with the Chaco War of 1932–1935 and concluding with the 2020 ouster of Evo Morales, but it remains anchored and oriented by the ethnographer’s attention to the quotidian. The result is a compelling analysis of petropower in Bolivia shaped as much by the commanding heights of the global fossil empire and the military-industrial complex as by the gendered and colonial violence of everyday life on the gas frontier." -- Donald V. Kingsbury * Latin American Research Review *"Gustafson’s book is historically expansive, beginning with the Chaco War of 1932–1935 and concluding with the 2020 ouster of Evo Morales, but it remains anchored and oriented by the ethnographer’s attention to the quotidian. The result is a compelling analysis of petropower in Bolivia shaped as much by the commanding heights of the global fossil empire and the military-industrial complex as by the gendered and colonial violence of everyday life on the gas frontier." -- Donald V. Kingsbury * Latin American Research Review *“[Bolivia in the Age of Gas] is an important book, worthy of sustained and considered attention. From here forward, it will be required reading for all competent scholars wrestling with the various components of extractive capitalism in contemporary Bolivia from a variety of social science disciplines.” -- Jeffery R.Webber * American Anthropologist *Table of ContentsList of Abbreviations ix Note on Labels and Language xiii Preface and Acknowledgments xv Introduction. Gaseous State 1 Part One. Time 1. Heroes of Chaco 27 2. Imperial Maneuvers 50 3. Las nalgas of YPFB 69 Part Two. Space 4. Gas Lock-In 97 5. Bulls and Beauty Queens 125 6. Just a Few Lashes 152 Part Three. Excess 7. Requiem for the Dead 179 8. Gas Work 202 9. Quarrel over the Excess 223 Postscript. Bolivia 2020 247 Notes 255 References 271 Index 293
£98.60
Duke University Press Bolivia in the Age of Gas
Book SynopsisEvo Morales, Bolivia''s first Indigenous president, won reelection three times on a leftist platform championing Indigenous rights, anti-imperialism, and Bolivian control over the country''s natural gas reserves. In Bolivia in the Age of Gas, Bret Gustafson explores how the struggle over natural gas has reshaped Bolivia, along with the rise, and ultimate fall, of the country''s first Indigenous-led government. Rethinking current events against the backdrop of a longer history of oil and gas politics and military intervention, Gustafson shows how natural gas wealth brought a measure of economic independence and redistribution, yet also reproduced political and economic relationships that contradicted popular and Indigenous aspirations for radical change. Though grounded in the unique complexities of Bolivia, the volume argues that fossil-fuel political economies worldwide are central to the reproduction of militarism and racial capitalism and suggests that progressive change demaTrade Review“Fossil capitalism, and the calamitous consequences of our dependence on coal and petroleum, is central to any understanding of life in the Anthropocene. Bret Gustafson offers up an original and compelling take on the oft-told tale of oil wealth, petroviolence, and the so-called curse of oil dependency by reinterpreting the colonial and postcolonial history of Bolivia through the country's relation to natural gas, what he calls the gaseous state. Gustafson draws together the temporalities, spaces, and excesses of a world built through the exploitation of gas and in so doing takes the reader on an exhilarating ride through US imperialism, the Bolivian state, Indigenous territoriality, the hard-edged world of pipelines, wellheads, violent corporate capital, and of course the rise and fall of Evo Morales. A book for our time.” -- Michael Watts, Class of 63 Professor, University of California, Berkeley“Bolivia in the Age of Gas is without a doubt the definitive account of the Bolivian petrostate and its subjects. It makes important contributions to anthropology, to Latin American studies, and to the emergent interdisciplinary literature in energy humanities. It is also a true pleasure to read, the rare scholarly page-turner that conveys critical analytical insights in terms and ethnographic moments that will captivate readers of all backgrounds.” -- Dominic Boyer, author of * Energopolitics: Wind and Power in the Anthropocene *“Bret Gustafson’s Bolivia in the Age of Gas is an ambitious and exquisitely detailed historical ethnography of Bolivia and its complicated relation with gas (and oil).... Gustafson exudes an enviable clarity even as he insists on nuance, complexity and contradiction.” -- Maria Elena Garcia * ReVista *“Gustafson’s Bolivia in the Age of Gas examines the historical and contemporary cultural politics of Bolivia’s complex and often troubled relationship with natural gas.... Fundamental questions surface at the end of [Gustafson’s book] that chart new directions for political analyses of Latin American social movements....” -- Nicole Fabricant * NACLA Report on the Americas *"[Bolivia in the Age of Gas] provide[s] important insight into Bolivia and Ecuador, and into fossil-fuel capitalism writ large." -- Kim Fortun & James Adams * Public Books *"While [Bret Gustafson] assumes a degree of familiarity with Bolivian geography and political history, his writing is gripping, and the book will be fruitful for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses." -- C. Lurtz * Choice *"Gustafson’s book is historically expansive, beginning with the Chaco War of 1932–1935 and concluding with the 2020 ouster of Evo Morales, but it remains anchored and oriented by the ethnographer’s attention to the quotidian. The result is a compelling analysis of petropower in Bolivia shaped as much by the commanding heights of the global fossil empire and the military-industrial complex as by the gendered and colonial violence of everyday life on the gas frontier." -- Donald V. Kingsbury * Latin American Research Review *"Gustafson’s book is historically expansive, beginning with the Chaco War of 1932–1935 and concluding with the 2020 ouster of Evo Morales, but it remains anchored and oriented by the ethnographer’s attention to the quotidian. The result is a compelling analysis of petropower in Bolivia shaped as much by the commanding heights of the global fossil empire and the military-industrial complex as by the gendered and colonial violence of everyday life on the gas frontier." -- Donald V. Kingsbury * Latin American Research Review *“[Bolivia in the Age of Gas] is an important book, worthy of sustained and considered attention. From here forward, it will be required reading for all competent scholars wrestling with the various components of extractive capitalism in contemporary Bolivia from a variety of social science disciplines.” -- Jeffery R.Webber * American Anthropologist *Table of ContentsList of Abbreviations ix Note on Labels and Language xiii Preface and Acknowledgments xv Introduction. Gaseous State 1 Part One. Time 1. Heroes of Chaco 27 2. Imperial Maneuvers 50 3. Las nalgas of YPFB 69 Part Two. Space 4. Gas Lock-In 97 5. Bulls and Beauty Queens 125 6. Just a Few Lashes 152 Part Three. Excess 7. Requiem for the Dead 179 8. Gas Work 202 9. Quarrel over the Excess 223 Postscript. Bolivia 2020 247 Notes 255 References 271 Index 293
£25.19
Taylor & Francis Inc Energy and Fuel Systems Integration
Book SynopsisEnergy and Fuel Systems Integration explains how growing energy and fuel demands, paired with the need for environmental preservation, require different sources of energy and fuel to cooperate and integrate with each other rather than simply compete. Providing numerous examples of energy and fuel systems integration success stories, this book: Discusses the use of different mixtures of fuels for combustion, gasification, liquefaction, pyrolysis, and anaerobic digestion processes Describes the use of hybrid nuclear and renewable energy systems for power and heat cogenerations with nonelectrical applications Details the holistic integration of renewable, nuclear, and fossil energy systems by gas, heat, and smart electrical grids Energy and Fuel Systems Integration emphasizes the many advantages of these integrated systems, including sustainability, flexibility for optimizationTrade Review"This is a totally different kind of energy technology book, one that not only presents a comprehensive and accurate overview of the science and technology ... but also clearly outlines the energy roadmap for the future. ... It is an excellent desk reference for fuel scientists and engineers ... eminently suitable as a textbook for upper-level undergraduate or graduate courses in disciplines seriously engaged in energy and fuels. This book most definitely belongs to the category of 'must have' and 'must read'-two thumbs up!" -Dr. Sunggyu Lee, Ohio University, Athens, USA "... highlights the advantages and need for using hybrid fuel and energy sources in the future. ... gives a comprehensive coverage of the strategies that can be used for the integration of fossil, renewable, and nuclear energy sources and the challenges involved. ... Considering the dwindling supply of fossil fuels, this book is a timely addition to the books on energy and fuels." -Prof. Deepak Kunzru, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur "Shah (Norfolk State Univ.) makes a scholarly attempt to bring coherence and harmony to the cacophonous field of energy and fuels. (...) The book is supported by extensive end-of-chapter references and a detailed table of contents and index. Part of CRC's "Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" series, the book would be most useful in collections supporting researchers or professionals working in the area of alternative fuels or advanced energy systems." --G. E. Johnson, Tennessee Technological UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction. Heat and Power by Co-Combustion. Synthetic Gas Production by Co-Gasification. Synthetic Liquid Production by Co-Processing. Co-Pyrolysis. Methane Production by Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Biomass and Waste. Hybrid Nuclear Energy Systems. Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems. Energy and Fuel Systems Integration by Gas, Heat, and Electricity Grids. Multifuel, Hybrid, and Grid-Integrated Vehicles: A Case Study.
£166.25
Simon & Schuster Windfall
Book Synopsis
£19.00
Cornell University Press When Fracking Comes to Town
Book SynopsisTrade ReviewEach [chapter] is well written and clear, drawing variously upon empirical data, economic analysis, and theoretical development. Clear insight is provided by the authors and editors [...]the book would be of broad interest to scholars and graduate-level researchers in the fields of economic geography, rural sociology, energy economics and environmental justice. * Journal of Urban Affairs *This volume can serve as a blueprint for local decision-makers to aid in decisionmaking that more holistically weighs the tradeoffs of energy development. It will also serve as a useful teaching resource to introduce both undergraduate and graduate students to the realities communities face when fracking comes to town. * The Pennsylvania Geographer *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Beyond the Boom, by Sabina E. Deitrick and Ilia Murtazashvili Part I: GOVERNANCE 1. The Shale Boom in Historical Perspective, by Ilia Murtazashvili and Ennio Piano 2. Local Jurisdictions and Variations in State Law in theMarcellus Shale Region, by Heidi Gorovitz Robertson 3. How the Legal Framework of Fracking in Appalachia Disserves the Poor, by Ann M. Eisenberg 4. Framing Fracking through Local Lenses, by Pamela A. Mischen and Joseph T. Palka, Jr. Part II: PLANNING 5. Using Boom town Models to Understand the Consequences of Fracking, by Adelyn Hall and Carla Chifos 6. Hydraulic Fracturing and Boom town Planning in Western North Dakota, by Teresa Córdova 7. Local Planning in Beaver County and the Shell Cracker Plant, by Sabina E. Deitrick and Rebecca Matsco 8. The Resource Conflict and the Local Economic Trade-Offs of Fracking, by Anna C. Osland and Carolyn G. Loh Part III: ECONOMIC IMPACT 9. Local Labor Markets and Shale Gas, by Frederick Tannery and Larry McCarthy 10. Shale Energy and Regional Economic Development Impacts in Northwest Pennsylvania, by Erik R. Pages, Martin Romitti, and Mark C. White 11. The Boom, the Bust, and the Cost of the Cleanup, by Nicholas G. McClure, Ion Simonides, and Jeremy G. Weber 12. Private and Public Economic Impacts of Fracking in Wyoming, by Gavin Roberts and Sandeep Kumar Rangaraju 13. An Economic and Policy Analysis of Shale Gas Well Bond, by Max Harleman Conclusion: Lessons and Extensions, by Sabina E. Deitrick and Ilia Murtazashvili
£91.80
Cornell University Press When Fracking Comes to Town
Book SynopsisWhen Fracking Comes to Town traces the response of local communities to the shale gas revolution. Rather than cast communities as powerless to respond to oil and gas companies and their landmen, it shows that communities have adapted their local rules and regulations to meet the novel challenges accompanying unconventional gas extraction through fracking. The multidisciplinary perspectives of this volume''s essays tie together insights from planners, legal scholars, political scientists, and economists. What emerges is a more nuanced perspective of shale gas development and its impacts on municipalities and residents. Unlike many political debates that cast fracking in black-and-white terms, this book''s contributors embrace the complexity of local responses to fracking. States adapted legal institutions to meet the new challenges posed by this energy extraction process while under-resourced municipal officials and local planning offices found creative waTrade ReviewEach [chapter] is well written and clear, drawing variously upon empirical data, economic analysis, and theoretical development. Clear insight is provided by the authors and editors [...]the book would be of broad interest to scholars and graduate-level researchers in the fields of economic geography, rural sociology, energy economics and environmental justice. * Journal of Urban Affairs *This volume can serve as a blueprint for local decision-makers to aid in decisionmaking that more holistically weighs the tradeoffs of energy development. It will also serve as a useful teaching resource to introduce both undergraduate and graduate students to the realities communities face when fracking comes to town. * The Pennsylvania Geographer *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Beyond the Boom, by Sabina E. Deitrick and Ilia Murtazashvili Part I: GOVERNANCE 1. The Shale Boom in Historical Perspective, by Ilia Murtazashvili and Ennio Piano 2. Local Jurisdictions and Variations in State Law in theMarcellus Shale Region, by Heidi Gorovitz Robertson 3. How the Legal Framework of Fracking in Appalachia Disserves the Poor, by Ann M. Eisenberg 4. Framing Fracking through Local Lenses, by Pamela A. Mischen and Joseph T. Palka, Jr. Part II: PLANNING 5. Using Boom town Models to Understand the Consequences of Fracking, by Adelyn Hall and Carla Chifos 6. Hydraulic Fracturing and Boom town Planning in Western North Dakota, by Teresa Córdova 7. Local Planning in Beaver County and the Shell Cracker Plant, by Sabina E. Deitrick and Rebecca Matsco 8. The Resource Conflict and the Local Economic Trade-Offs of Fracking, by Anna C. Osland and Carolyn G. Loh Part III: ECONOMIC IMPACT 9. Local Labor Markets and Shale Gas, by Frederick Tannery and Larry McCarthy 10. Shale Energy and Regional Economic Development Impacts in Northwest Pennsylvania, by Erik R. Pages, Martin Romitti, and Mark C. White 11. The Boom, the Bust, and the Cost of the Cleanup, by Nicholas G. McClure, Ion Simonides, and Jeremy G. Weber 12. Private and Public Economic Impacts of Fracking in Wyoming, by Gavin Roberts and Sandeep Kumar Rangaraju 13. An Economic and Policy Analysis of Shale Gas Well Bond, by Max Harleman Conclusion: Lessons and Extensions, by Sabina E. Deitrick and Ilia Murtazashvili
£25.19
Nova Science Publishers Inc Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: Applications,
Book Synopsis
£148.79
Nova Science Publishers Inc Advanced Fossil Energy, Licensing of Patented
Book SynopsisThe government documents included in this book are comprised of reports and testimonies from June 2018 to September 2018 on research and development in the United States. The first report examines research and development projects started from 2010 through 2017 on advanced fossil energy. For over 100 years, three fossil fuel sources -- coal, oil and natural gas -- have made up at least 80% of total US energy consumption. While fossil fuels are associated with some negative environmental impacts - such as carbon dioxide emissions, the predominance of coal, oil and natural gas is likely to continue into the future. The second report focuses on considerations for maintaining US competitiveness in Quantum Computing, Synthetic Biology and other potentially transformational research advances. Federal support in such areas can accelerate innovation and drive technological advances and promote US competitiveness in the global economy. The third and final report focuses on additional actions needed to improve licensing of patented laboratory inventions. The GAO was asked to review agency practices for managing inventions developed at federal labs, with a particular focus on patent licensing. This report examines the challenges in licensing patents and steps take to address and report them.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/advanced-fossil-energy-licensing-of-patented-laboratory-inventions-and-considerations-for-maintaining-us-competitiveness-in-potentially-transformational-research-areas/
£113.59
University of Calgary Press Petropolitics: Petroleum Development, Markets and
Book SynopsisWinner of the 2014 Book of the Year Award from the Petroleum History Society!The importance of energy to the functioning of any economy has meant that energy industries are amongst the most regulated of industries. What might appear to be purely private decisions are made within a complex and evolving web of government regulations. Petropolitics provides an economic history of the petroleum industry in Alberta as well as a detailed analysis of the operation of the markets for Alberta oil and natural gas, and the main governmental regulations (apart from environmental regulations) faced by the industry. The tools used within this study are applicable to oil and gas industries throughout the world.Trade Review"There is no other book which reviews the complete history of the Alberta petroleum industry and related economic and energy policy and institutional development." -- Dr Gerry Angevine, Centre for Energy Studies, The Fraser Institute
£42.70
