Fossil fuel technologies Books

Book SynopsisAdvanced Coal Combustion - Advanced Energy Conversion Systems

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Book SynopsisProfessor Charlotte Wright updates her indispensable accounting book for the oil and gas industry in this upcoming sixth edition. The past several years have seen significant changes in the accounting and disclosure rules for the industry. While the book has thorough updates throughout, there are new industry issues specifically addressed from the accounting perspective. Some of the significant updates and new material include: Discussion of the significance of shale and unconventional production as it relates to accounting principles. New definitions of reserves from the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the impact on accounting processes. All citations and references align with the updated authoritative literature from the Financial Accounting Standards Board. A new chapter discussing specific issues previously unaddressed regarding property valuation in the industry. New, and updated, end-of-chapter problems. Table of Contents Upstream Oil and Gas Operations Introduction to Oil and Gas Accounting Oil and Gas Reserves Nondrilling Exploration Costs—Successful Efforts Acquisition Cost of Unproved Property—Successful Efforts Drilling and Development Costs—Successful Efforts Proved Property Cost Disposition—Successful Efforts Full Cost Accounting Production Activities and Project Analysis Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets Accounting for Revenue from Oil and Gas Sales Basic Oil and Gas Tax Accounting Joint Interest Accounting Conveyances Oil and Gas Disclosures Analysis of Oil and Gas Companies’ Financial Statements Accounting for International Petroleum Operations

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Book SynopsisThis nontechnical treatment of oil and gas production is an excellent introduction for anyone from petroleum engineers and geologists new to their careers to financial, marketing, legal, and other professionals and their staffs interested in the industry. E&P service company personnel will find it particularly beneficial in understanding the roles played by their clients. Not only does it cover production fundamentals, but it backs up to give the necessary upstream background—geology, origins of oil and gas, and ownership and land rights—as well as surface operations and even production company strategy development.Key Features: A comprehensive view of the entire E&P function Geology and the origins of petroleum Reservoir characteristics and behavior Expanded coverage of drilling and hydraulic fracturing Conventional and not-so-conventional (oil sands plus shale oil and gas) producing operations Production problems and solutions The different types of companies and jobs in the oil patch and how they interact Trade ReviewI have always thought vital the need in organizations for mutual understanding among groups with different functions. The better the participants understand the professional contributions of their associates, the more likely the success of every endeavor. To that end, this book covers an overlook of the expertise needed in all phases of the upstream with a heavy emphasis on what makes producing operations tick". —Joe B. Foster, chairman, president, chief executive officer (retired) of Newfield Exploration Company, former chairman of Tenneco Oil CompanyTable of Contents How did we get here? The history of production The container: The reservoir What's in the container? The prize Yours, mine, or theirs? Ownership Getting there: Drilling What have we found? Logging and testing Getting it ready—Completions Behavior: Hydrocarbon activity in the reservoir Here it comes: Production Making it marketable: Field processing Fixing things: Remedial operations and workovers Who's involved: The players What should we do: Strategy

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Book SynopsisMany on-site power plants either fail outright or perform far below expectations— all because of poor planning and evaluation of the power plants from the beginning.This book is intended to help those interested in cogeneration power plants by laying out a thorough and proven planning methodology for new facilities, as well as an evaluation methodology for existing facilities.There are many good reasons to want your own power plant including: improved power quality, increased reliability, and savings on energy expenses— buying power wholesale, rather than at retail prices. Although the economics are certainly important, there are a wide range of other advantages to consider, the relative value of which will vary depending on your unique circumstances.

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Book SynopsisConcerns over national security, environmental stresses, and high fuel prices have raised interest in reducing oil consumption. Through the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) requires cars and light trucks to meet certain fuel economy standards. As requested, the author discusses (1) how CAFE standards are designed to reduce fuel consumption, (2) strengths and weaknesses of the CAFE program and NHTSA''s capabilities, and (3) market-based policies that could complement or replace CAFÉ. This is an excerpted and edited version.

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Book SynopsisA three-step methodology was developed to provide reliable prediction of a coal''s behaviour in a utility boiler: (1) Extracting the combustion kinetic model parameters by combining experimental data from a pilot-scale test facility, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) codes and an artificial neural network. While the combustion kinetic parameters used in the model code will not correspond to the combustion rate of a single particle of coal, these parameters do describe the combustion behaviour of a "macroscopic" sample of tested coal.(2) Validation of the combustion kinetic model parameters by comparing diverse experimental data with simulation results calculated with the same set of model parameters. (3) The model parameters are then used for simulations of full-scale boilers using the same CFD code. For operational engineering information needed by the utility operator, the authors apply the predicted results to EXPERT SYSTEM, a boiler supervision system developed by Israel Electric Corporation (IEC). Four different bituminous and sub-bituminous coals with known behaviour in IEC 550MW opposite-wall and 575MW tangential-fired boilers were used to show the adequacy of the methodology. The predictions are done with the CFD code, GLACIER, propriety of Reaction Engineering International (REI). Preconfigured GLACIER models of the test and full-scale furnaces were purchased from REI and validated by our group. This book includes a detailed description of the methodology, test furnace facility and an example of the experimental and predictive combustion results from the four coals used to test the methodology. In addition, two previously unknown coals are examined prior to their firing in the utility boilers and prediction of their behaviour and operational parameters in the two boilers carried out.

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Book SynopsisThe goal of coal mining is to economically remove coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content, and since the 1880s is widely used to generate electricity. The most economical method of coal extraction from coal seams depends on the depth and quality of the seams, and the geology and environmental factors. This book presents current research from across the globe in the study of coal extraction, including production of ashless coal by using a solvent extraction technique; the Hotelling model of optimal non-renewable resource extraction; coal extraction with a carbon disulfide/N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone mixed solvent; and extraction of inorganic species of coal.

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Book SynopsisFossil fuel energy is the lifeblood of the modern world. Before the Industrial Revolution, humanity depended on burning wood and candle wax. But with the ability to harness the energy in oil and other fossil fuels, quality of life and capacity for progress increased exponentially. Thanks to incredible innovations in the energy industry, fossil fuels are as promising, safe, and clean an energy resource as has ever existed in history. Yet, highly politicized climate policies are pushing a grand-scale shift to unreliable, impractical, incredibly expensive, and far less efficient energy sources. Today, "fossil fuel" has become such a dirty word that even fossil fuel companies feel compelled to apologize for their products. In Fueling Freedom, energy experts Stephen Moore and Kathleen Hartnett White make an unapologetic case for fossil fuels, turning around progressives' protestations to prove that if fossil fuel energy is supplanted by "green" alternatives for political reasons, humanity will take a giant step backwards and the planet will be less safe, less clean, and less free.

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Book SynopsisEnergy supplies and prices are major economic factors in the United States, and energy markets are volatile and unpredictable. Thus, energy policy has been a recurring issue for Congress since the first major crisis in the 1970s. As an aid in policy making, this book presents a current and historical view of the supply and consumption of various forms of energy. This book analyses the competition between coal, natural gas and petroleum used for electricity generation by estimating what is referred to by economists as the elasticity of substitution among the fuels.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the electric power industry which is in a transformation process. The electricity infrastructure of the United States is aging, and uncertainty exists around how to modernise the grid, and what technologies and fuels will be used to produce electricity in the future. Unresolved questions of transmission and reliability of the grid are arising from potential cybersecurity threats and continuing interest in harnessing renewable energy and other low carbon sources of electricity. Concerns about reliability and electricity prices are being complicated by new environmental regulations and the rising availability of natural gas for the production of electric power from unconventional resources such as gas shales. Congress will likely be faced with policy issues regarding how the modernisation of this vital industry will unfold.

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses several aspects of the changing context of natural gas in the U.S. electric power sector. Increasingly plentiful and affordable natural gas has catalysed major changes in U.S. power generation and has helped to boost U.S. economic recovery. Increased substitution of natural gas for coal in power generation has also cut U.S. GHG emissions. However, processes to produce natural gas, shale gas in particular, have also elevated environmental and safety concerns in certain regions of the country. The rapid rise of natural gas is also beginning to drive more thought on longer-term energy policy issues such as the appropriate level of generation diversity (given the history of volatile prices for natural gas), and trajectories of natural gas use that will still allow GHG mitigation sufficient to address the climate challenge. This book is intended to help inform these energy policy and investment discussions, and outlines the current dynamics of natural gas in the power sector and the selected challenges and opportunities in the use of natural gas to generate electricity.

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Book SynopsisChina is the world''s most populous country with approximately 1.3 billion people. It has experienced tremendous economic growth over the last three decades with an average annual increase in gross domestic product (GDP) of 9.8% during that period. This rapid economic growth has led to an increasing demand for energy, spurring China to add an average of 53 gigawatts (gw) of electric capacity each year over the last ten years to its power generation capabilities. China is also the world''s largest producer and consumer of coal, with about half of its coal use being for electricity generation. In fact, coal provides over 70% of China''s current electricity needs, and fuels much of the new power generation capacity being built. While many of these new coal plants are among the most technically advanced in the world, the burning of coal results in sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate emissions which contribute to air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions linked to global climate change. The current and potential future environmental consequences of burning coal are a major reason China has been actively seeking to increase its renewable energy capabilities. When current rates of use are considered, limited domestic reserves of coal, natural gas, and oil provide another impetus for change. However, China''s announced intent to rely on domestic, sustainable solutions for its growing energy needs has led to a focus on developing "green" or renewable energy resources. In contrast to China, some argue that the United States does not have a comprehensive national policy in place for promotion of renewable energy technologies, with some observers saying that the higher costs of renewable electricity are not conducive to market adoption. However, for both countries, the reasons for increasing the use of renewable energy are diverse, and include energy security, energy independence, cleaner air, and more recently anthropogenic climate change, sustainability concepts, and economic development. Creating new, higher quality jobs could reasonably be said to be primary drivers of policy goals in both the United States and China.

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Book SynopsisIn this valuable volume, new and original research on various topics on chemical engineering and technology is presented on modeling and simulation, material synthesis, wastewater treatment, analytical techniques, and microreactors. The research presented here can be applied to technology in food, paper and pulp, polymers, petrochemicals, surface coatings, oil technology aspects, among other uses. The book is divided into five sections: modeling and simulation environmental applications materials and applications processes and applications analytical methods Topics include: modeling and simulation of chemical processes process integration and intensification separation processes advances in unit operations and processes chemical reaction engineering fuel and energy advanced materials CFD and transport processes wastewater treatment The valuable research presented here will be of interest to researchers, scientists, industry practitioners, as well as upper-level students. Trade Review"This is exceptionally well-edited book by Dr. Bharat Bhanvase and Dr. Rajendra Ugwekar that will surely be useful for researchers, scientists, and academicians in the area of chemical engineering and technology. Each chapter has been edited to put forward the uniqueness of the studies provided in order to overcome recent problems in process industries. The varied chapters of this edited book will encourage new ideas, methods, and applications in the growing areas of chemical engineering and technology. Furthermore, the editors have broadened the scope of this book to provide new insights in the areas of environment, materials, and modeling and simulation of chemical processes. Overall, the book is very effective, focusing on recent developments and current status of the research areas."—Dr. Sachin R. Shirsath, Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, IndiaTable of ContentsModeling and Simulation. Discharge and Pressure Loss Coefficient Analysis of Non- Newtonian Fluid Flow through Orifice Meter Using CFD. Numerical Simulation of Fixed Bed Liquid Chromatography in Multiple Columns. Statistical Modeling for Adsorption of Congo Red onto Modified Bentonite. Environmental Applications. Surface Altered Alumino-Silicate Resin (Zeolite-Y) for Remediation of Oil Spillage. Removal of Cr(VI) by Using Sweetlime Peel Powder in a Fixed Bed Column. Removal of Cr(VI) from Waste Water Using Red Gram Husk as Adsorbent. Low Cost Adsorbents in the Removal of Cr(VI),Cd and Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution. Adsorption of Anionic Dye onto TBAC-Modified Halloysite Nanotubes. Kinetic Study of Adsorption of Nickel on GNS/δ-MnO2. Ultrasound Assisted Synthesis of Hydrogels and Its Effects on Water/Dye Intake. Materials and Applications. Ultrasonically Created Rectangular Shaped Zinc Phosphate Nanopigment. Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Raphanus Sativus Extract. Activated Carbon from Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) Seed Shell by Chemical Activation with Phosphoric Acid. Rice Husk Based Co-Firing Plants in India: A Green Perspective. Foamability of Foam Generated by Use of Surf Excel and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. Production of Zinc Sulphide Nanoparticles Using Continuous Flow Microreactor. Processes and Applications. Hydrogenation with Respect to Rancidity of Foods. Experimentalstudies on a Plate Type Heat Exchanger for Various Applications. Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Betulinic Acid from Leaves of Syzygium cumini (Jamun). Analytical Methods. Separation, Analysis and Quantitation of Hesperidin in Citrus Fruits Peels Using RP-HPLC-UV. Quantification of Aluminium Metal in Cosmetic Products by Novel Spectrophotometric Method. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a new fracturing technique that should be considered as a potential alternative, or a companion technique, to hydraulic fracturing of tight gas reservoirs and low permeability rock masses. As opposed to hydraulic fracturing which generates a few numbers of large cracks, electro-hydraulic fracturing induces diffuse micro-cracking and fragmentation of rocks. Laboratory tests demonstrate that increases of permeability by two orders of magnitude can be reached, without major cracking in tested specimens. This book discusses the principles of this new technique, reports experiments which have been developed is order to prove the concept and finally describes the numerical model from which the potentialities of this technique in representative reservoir conditions can be assessed.Table of ContentsPreface vii Introduction xi Chapter 1 Experiments in a Representative Environment 1 1.1 Mechanical set-up 1 1.2 Pulsed arc electric generator 4 1.3 Material properties 6 1.4 Measurements of radical permeability 7 1.5 X-ray tomography 9 1.6 Results on model materials 10 1.7 Summary of the results on sandstone 17 1.8 Discussion 18 Chapter 2 Computational Modeling of the Process: Principles 21 2.1 Pressure generated by the pulsed arc electrical discharge 22 2.2 Mechanical modeling of rocks under dynamic loads 29 2.3 Coupled effects between damage and permeability 41 2.4 Summary and conclusions 44 Chapter 3 Validation of the Computational Model 47 3.1 Simulation of the experiments in uniaxial compression 47 3.2 Confined tests on hollow cylinders 52 3.3 Isotropic versus anisotropic permeability 67 3.4 Conclusions 68 Chapter 4 Computations on Representative Reservoir Geometries 71 4.1 Effect of repeated shocks 72 4.2 Simulation on a typical reservoir geometry 75 4.3 Optimization of the process 79 Concluding Remarks and Future Outlook 91 Bibliography 97 Index 103

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Book SynopsisOver the past decade, carbon capture and storage (CCS) has come to the fore as a way to manage carbon dioxide emissions contributing to climate change. This book examines its introduction into the political scene, different interpretations of its significance as an emerging technology and the policy challenges facing government and international institutions with respect to its development, deployment and regulation. The focus of the book is on the construction of arguments about CCS in the public sphere, the coalitions of actors who have articulated distinctive perspectives on CCS and the varied strategies governments have adopted to integrate it into climate and energy policies. The authors analyse the issues decision-makers now confront in encouraging the uptake of the technology, managing uncertainties and regulating attendant risks. The book includes case studies of the reception of CCS in seven OECD countries: Australia, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, the United Kingdom and the United States. Developments in the EU form the subject of an eighth case study. The authors point to the political significance of CCS as a mitigation option offering a way forward for fossil fuels in a carbon constrained world, while also emphasizing the uncertainties that surround its future development and deployment. Students, scholars and researchers from a wide variety of fields who are interested in climate change, energy policy, and the politics and policy of the environment will find this book illuminating, as will officials and policy makers in international organizations and governments.Trade Review'. . . the volume is a timely and informative text for students and academics, as well as for practitioners within international organizations and governments.' -- Rudra Kapila, Climate LawTable of ContentsContents: 1. The Politics and Policy of Carbon Capture and Storage James Meadowcroft and Oluf Langhelle 2. Technology Leader, Policy Laggard: CCS Development for Climate Mitigation in the US Political Context Jennie C. Stephens 3. CCS in Australia: From Political Posturing to Policy Potential Darren Sinclair and Neil Gunningham 4. CCS in Canada Mark Jaccard and Jacqueline Sharp 5. Technology as Political Glue: CCS in Norway Andreas Tjernshaugen and Oluf Langhelle 6. Electricity Gap versus Climate Change: Electricity Politics and the Potential Role of CCS in Germany Barbara Praetorius and Christoph von Stechow 7. CCS in the UK: Squaring Coal Use with Climate Change? Ivan Scrase and Jim Watson 8. CCS in the Netherlands: Glass Half Empty or Half Full? Philip J. Vergragt 9. CCS and the European Union: Magic Bullet or Pure Magic? Dag Harald Claes and Paal Frisvold 10. CCS in Comparative Perspective Oluf Langhelle and James Meadowcroft 11. The Politics and Policy of CCS: The Uncertain Road Ahead James Meadowcroft and Oluf Langhelle Index

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Book SynopsisThis dictionary provides a synthesis of information currently available but only in a diverse array of sources. Through judicious choice and careful scrutiny, the author has gathered together a very handy ready-reference in the same style as his companion volumes, Dictionary of Energy and Fuels and Dictionary of Fire Protection Engineering. Although the material covered is diverse, particular entries are focused and linked with each other so as to provide a good degree of comprehensiveness. For example, there is much information on well engineering including example calculations, and this is linked to wells at particular oil fields. There is also much on offshore production and again principles are linked, often by calculation, with particular offshore production platforms. The North Sea features, but not exclusively, and the vast bulk of the information presented is relevant to all locations. Commercial products, including those for oil well maintenance, are featured and information on the web from suppliers is expanded by drawing on the physics and chemistry of how such products work.Trade Review'...provides a synthesis of currently available information from a wide range of sources. ...contains much close engineering reasoning and some related calculations. The book will be useful to oil and gas industry professionals, students undertaking oil and gas courses, as well as consulting engineers and policymakers'. Petroleum Review '...has maintained the high quality achieved in the previous dictionaries... ...a wealth of information on topics of great diversity ranging from calculations regarding oil-well engineering to data about a whole host of oil fields and some details of commercial products... The range of information is indeed wide and in some instances is quite intriguing. I consider this book to be a little gold mine of information and at a little less than GBP20 it could be considered a steal'. Fuel

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Book SynopsisA new edition of this established text has been expanded and updated, treating this important field in a holistic manner. The structure of the previous book has been retained, but enhanced with new text and illustrations, and more numerical problems with a wider scope. Readers will find much on the background to the industry and details of such centrally important operations as refining, heat exchange, cracking, polymerisation and hydrogenation. There is a chapter on offshore matters, which includes some incidents that occurred since the first edition. National and international standards are considered as these relate to such things as site layout. The coverage of the fire and explosion behaviour of hydrocarbons has been extended, in particular in relation to flash points. The topic of leaked gas detection has been introduced, and there is considerable extension of the coverage of static electricity hazards. There is more on liquefied natural gas (LNG), including details of processes for its regasification. Natural gas condensate features, having grown considerably in importance since the first edition.Re-refining of crude oil products that have previously been used as lubricants or as hydraulic fluids has also experienced growth, and this too has its place in the book from the perspective of safety. Tight gas and coal bed methane feature, as does the controversial matter of hydraulic fracture to obtain them. The chemical processing chapter has been extended to include hydrocracking, hydrodesulphurisation and hydrodenitrogenation. The COMAH (Control of Major Accident Hazards) regulations are covered and sign conventions for hazards are explained with illustrations.Trade ReviewReviews of the first edition: 'A particularly useful feature for the practitioner and student is the inclusion within the text of worked examples... ...is particularly useful through its provision of a well grounded numerical approach to many of the detailed problems arising within process safety. ...provides much useful information on operational practice, which is not often found in such texts, as well as a valuable range of supporting case studies. ...should be relevant to both undergraduates and postgraduates, as well as those in industry approaching the subject for the first time'. Energy '...covers virtually all aspects of hydrocarbon safety...' ScienceDirect.com '...it is certainly a very useful and confidence-building text for inexperienced chemical engineers as they find their way in the hydrocarbon and other process industries. ...should form a compulsory part of the graduate process engineer's library and also is of great value to the third and forth year chemical engineering undergraduate student. ...would be a valuable addition to the library and as a paperback should be well within the financial reach of the student and young practising engineer'. Chemistry in Australia '...presents a great deal of information in a compact form. ...the book makes a valuable contribution... ...would certainly recommend it to chemical engineering and fire engineering undergraduates or those professionals that need to develop an understanding hydrocarbon process safety.' Fire Safety Journal '...can be used as a text for an introductory course on process safety. It also contains topics relevant to process hazards in the chemical process industries, and as such, will be useful to engineers working in these industries'. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries '...the book will form a useful source of material for teachers and students tackling safety in this broader area. ...is judged to provide a good introductory text for students... Teachers and students alike will find many of the demonstration numerical problems and solutions particularly helpful to establish ideas and approaches.' Process Safety and Environmental Protection '...is one of the few recent texts of this kind, dealing entirely with hydrocarbons. ...this book could be very useful...to teachers and students of engineering and chemistry...' SSC, Fuel Experimental Station '...safety is a difficult subject to teach as it requires both very quantitative information and more wide ranging information... This book provides us with both. Apart from expounding the calculation methods it introduces subjects such as HAZOP, COMAH and COSSH. One excellent feature is that there are questions of increasing complexity provided in all Chapters with comprehensive solutions at the end of the book. ...this is a useful book from which one can learn. It will be a great aid to instructors and students'. FuelTable of ContentsBackground to the oil and gas industry; Hydrocarbon leakage and dispersion; The combustion behaviour of hydrocarbons; Physical operations on hydrocarbons and associated hazards; Chemical operations on hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivative; Some relevant design principles; Some relevant measurement principles; Offshore oil and gas production; Hazards associated with particular hydrocarbon products; Toxicity hazards; Safe disposal of unwanted hydrocarbon; Means of obtaining hydrocarbons other than from crude oil and related safety issues; Solutions to example; True or false questions; Index

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Book SynopsisHandbook of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations is an authoritative source providing extensive up-to-date coverage of the technology used in the exploration, drilling, production, and operations in an offshore setting. Offshore oil and gas activity is growing at an expansive rate and this must-have training guide covers the full spectrum including geology, types of platforms, exploration methods, production and enhanced recovery methods, pipelines, and envinronmental managment and impact, specifically worldwide advances in study, control, and prevention of the industry's impact on the marine environment and its living resources. In addition, this book provides a go-to glossary for quick reference. Handbook of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations empowers oil and gas engineers and managers to understand and capture on one of the fastest growing markets in the energy sector today.Table of Contents1. Occurrence and Formation of Crude Oil and Natural Gas2. Offshore Geology and Operations3. Offshore Platforms4. Exploration5. Drilling and Well Completion6. Production7. Transportation8. Corrosion9. Environmental Impact10. Legislation and The FutureGlossaryIndex

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive new dictionary comprises over 1300 definitions and brief articles to provide an extremely useful ready-reference work on solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, including information on the scenes of production of many fuels, such as major coal reserves and large oil and gas fields. Economics are addressed with entries included for all the major indices for oil, coal and natural gas pricing. The political perspective is also dealt with, covering the oil-producing countries and OPEC; environmental issues also feature, as do entries on chemical compounds, trade names, industrial processes and much more. The book carefully traces fuel usage since industrialisation with information provided on some 19th century events such as the Drake well. However, there is a correct balance of entries in terms of the periods to which they relate and thoroughly modern topics such as enhanced oil recovery are featured. Users of the Dictionary will gain an appreciation of the development of fuel and energy technology and sense the continuity or, in some cases, revival of ideas. As an example, what is now known as 'BTU conversion' and often treated as if it were novel is, in fact, a return to gasification technologies that were used a century or more ago! "The Dictionary of Energy and Fuels" is a reliable reference work on fuel and energy which will remain of great usefulness despite any future changes and trends in related technologies. This easy-to-use dictionary will be of great value to undergraduates, postgraduates and professionals in fuel technology, industrial chemistry, chemical and mechanical engineering and whenever a ready-reference on energy and fuels is required.Trade Review'... A Staggeringly wide range of definitions is on offer... A List of some fifty references, a table of fuel-related units and conversion factors, and a selection of fuel and energy terms translated into languages other than English, round off the volume... a useful dictionary in a compact format... which should satisfy those requiring a one-stop shop of information on a wide range of matters relating to Fuel and Energy, be they at undergraduate, postgraduate or professional level'. Fuel'... a compendium of useful information ... a broad spectrum of topics is included in this short but fact-filled volume. ... this book will serve as a very useful reference for those involved in the field of fuels.' Journal of Hazardous Materials'Containing approximately 1300 entries each relating to fuels, energy, and/or combustion, this book is a compendium of useful information on all aspects of the foregoing topics. ...this book will serve as a very useful reference for those involved in the field of fuels'. Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Book SynopsisAs the case for Climate Change mitigation becomes ever more pressing, hydrogen has the potential to play a major role in a low-carbon energy future. Hydrogen can drive the vehicles of tomorrow and also heat homes and supply energy to businesses. Much recent discussion in energy policy circles has considered ways in which greatly expanded electrification can meet the demand for low-carbon mobility and heating. Such narratives centre on the widespread use of renewable energy sources with occasionally surplus renewable electricity being used to produce hydrogen, for example by electrolysis. While such developments have a beneficial role to play, this book focuses on an alternative paradigm. This book considers a more evolutionary path involving the continued extraction and use of fossil fuels, most notably natural gas, but in ways that greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this way much established industrial capacity and know how might be transitioned to help deliver the low carbon future that the world so desperately requires. Presenting up-to-date energy policy recommendations with a focus on hydrogen from fossil fuels, the book will be of considerable interest to policymakers and energy researchers in academia, industry and government labs, while also offering a valuable reference guide for business developers in low-carbon energy, and for oil and gas industry analysts.Table of ContentsIntroduction: The Hydrogen Economy Today.- Hydrogen and The Future: Energy and Mobility.- Stem Methane Reforming: A Technology with a Bright Future.- Partial Oxidation Technologies.- Carbon Monoxide: Molecular Building Block.- Three Case Studies I: USA Gulf of Mexico – A Centre of Hydrogen Infrastructure.- Three Case Studies II: UK: Proposed Natural Gas to Hydrogen Transition.- Three Case Studies III: Poland and the Future for Coal in Europe.- Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook presents students with a systematic approach for the quantification and management of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and provides best practices for optimal carbon management and quantification. The book begins with an overview of climate change basics and goes on to discuss carbon footprint measurements, carbon management concepts, and concludes by presenting carbon reduction solutions with applications for green buildings, smart transportation, waste management, and carbon trading and offsetting. The author provides practical examples and carbon management models that support innovative reduction solutions and presents a roadmap for the implementation and development of carbon management strategies, making it a useful resource for both upper undergraduate and graduate students as well as practitioners seeking a comprehensive framework to conduct carbon management. Table of ContentsClimate Change Basics.- Carbon footprint measurement.- Carbon trading and offsetting.- Carbon management concepts.- Total carbon management.- Carbon management maturity model.- Innovation solutions.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a comprehensive introduction to well logging and the inverse problem. It explores challenges such as conventional data processing methods’ inability to handle local minima issues, and presents the explanations in an easy-to-follow way. The book describes statistical data interpretation by introducing the fundamentals behind the approach, as well as a range of sampling methods. In each chapter, a specific method is comprehensively introduced, together with representative examples. The book begins with basic information on well logging and logging while drilling, as well as a definition of the inverse problem. It then moves on to discuss the fundamentals of statistical inverse methods, Bayesian inference, and a new sampling method that can be used to supplement it, the hybrid Monte Carlo method. The book then addresses a specific problem in the inversion of downhole logging data, and the interpretation of earth model complexity, before concluding with a meta-technique called the tempering method, which serves as a supplement to statistical sampling methods. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable reference guide for drilling engineers, well logging tool physicists, and geoscientists, as well as students in the areas of petroleum engineering and electrical engineering. Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Foundation of Bayesian Inversion and Sampling Methods.- Beyond the Random Walk: a Hybrid Monte Carlo Sampling.- Interpret Model Complexity: Trans-Dimensional Markov Chain Monet Carlo Method.- Accelerated Bayesian Inversion Using Parallel Tempering

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Book SynopsisAs the second volume of the "Digital Oil & Gas Pipeline: Research and Practice" series of monographs, this book introduces the implementation strategies, examples and technical roadmaps of two important aspects of the Digital Oil & Gas Pipeline construction: pipeline real-time data integration and pipeline network virtual reality system. Two example of pipeline real-time data integration are elaborated: integration of pipeline WebGIS (Geographic Information System) and pipeline SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) via OPC (OLE for Process Control) technology, integration of pipeline network virtual reality system and pipeline SCADA via OPC, JNI (Java Native Interface) and SAI (Scene Access Interface). The pipeline network virtual reality system aims for the pipeline virtual expression, interaction, and 3D visual management. It can be used for pipeline route visual design and plan, immersive pipeline industry training, remote visual supervision and control, etc. The implementation details of the pipeline network virtual reality system, including 3D pipeline and terrain modeling with X3D (Extensible 3D) technology, improving large-scene display performance and speed in the network environment using LOD (Level of Detail) technology, interaction of virtual pipeline scenes, and pipeline 3D visual monitoring, are also introduced. The knowledge and experience delivered by this book will provide useful reference for the readers from the industries of oil & gas pipeline, GIS, Virtual Reality, industrial control, etc.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis short monograph focuses on the theoretical backgrounds and practical implementations concerning the thermodynamic modeling of multiphase equilibria of complex reservoir fluids using cubic equations of state. It aims to address the increasing needs of multiphase equilibrium calculations that arise in the compositional modeling of multiphase flow in reservoirs and wellbores. It provides a state-of-the-art coverage on the recent improvements of cubic equations of state. Considering that stability test and flash calculation are two basic tasks involved in any multiphase equilibrium calculations, it elaborates on the rigorous mathematical frameworks dedicated to stability test and flash calculation. A special treatment is given to the new algorithms that are recently developed to perform robust and efficient three-phase equilibrium calculations.This monograph will be of value to graduate students who conduct research in the field of phase behavior, as well as software engineers who work on the development of multiphase equilibrium calculation algorithms. Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction.- Chapter 2. Cubic Equation of States.- Chapter 3. Phase Stability Test.- Chapter 4. Flash Calculations.- Chapter 5. Multiphase Equilibrium Calculations.

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Book SynopsisThe updated textbook is intended to serve as an advanced and detailed treatment of the evolution of the subject of stratigraphy from its disparate beginnings as separate studies of sedimentology, lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, etc., into a modern integrated discipline in which all components are necessary. There is a historical introduction, which now includes information about the timeline of the evolution of the components of modern stratigraphy. The elements of the various components (facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy, mapping methods, chronostratigraphic methods, etc.) are outlined, and a chapter discussing the modern synthesis is included near the end of the book, which closes with a discussion of future research trends in the study of time as preserved in the stratigraphic record.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThe updated textbook is intended to serve as an advanced and detailed treatment of the evolution of the subject of stratigraphy from its disparate beginnings as separate studies of sedimentology, lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, etc., into a modern integrated discipline in which all components are necessary. There is a historical introduction, which now includes information about the timeline of the evolution of the components of modern stratigraphy. The elements of the various components (facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy, mapping methods, chronostratigraphic methods, etc.) are outlined, and a chapter discussing the modern synthesis is included near the end of the book, which closes with a discussion of future research trends in the study of time as preserved in the stratigraphic record.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis book provides climate students with the basic scientific background to climate change management. Students will learn about international and national approaches to climate change management defined in voluntary initiatives as well as in national law and international agreements. The book describes mitigation and adaptation measures, monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions, and strategies for achieving a low-carbon economy, including green finance.This book combines theory and practice, introducing students to the conceptual background but also taking a professional and technical approach with case studies and low carbon toolkits. Filled with didactic elements such as concept schemes, tables, charts, figures, examples, as well as questions and answers at the end of the chapters, this book aims to engage critical thinking and the discussion of important topics of our days.The low-carbon strategy is one of the answers to limiting the greenhouse effect on our planet. This strategy is to minimize the overall carbon consumption in the life cycle of the products we consume, from the extraction of raw materials to the end of their life. The future is being built today. This book will guide its readers along the path of imagining and realizing a low-carbon economy.”Table of ContentsThe science background.- Counting carbon.- Reducing emissions.- Policy framework.- Adapting to climate change.- Monitoring, reporting and verification.- Conclusions and further reading.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses effective and alternative uses for natural gas (NG) and highlights the utilization of NG in the field of methane activation and chemical production. It details the techniques used during the reforming process of petrochemical and bio-derived fuels and it presents cutting-edge research that describes the utilization of NG that enables it to be more cost-effective and eliminate the expensive greenhouse gas emitting process of hydrogen production. The book addresses three major topics: NG use in upstream heavy oil and bitumen upgrading, NG and its use in downstream oil refining through co-aromatization of various feeds in the petrochemical industry, and NG use in the upgrading of bio-derived fuels and discusses alternative uses of NG. In-depth chapters demonstrate uses for NG beyond heating homes, through catalysis and in-situ hydrogen donation, and its potential applications for the petrochemical and biofuel industries.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Methane Sources and Current Uses.- Chapter 2. Introducing Methane Activation.- Chapter 3. Direct Systems: Methane Dehydroaromatization (MDA) and the Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM).- Chapter 4. The Cross-Coupling of Methane with Non-oxidative Hydrocarbons.- Chapter 5. Catalytic Upgrading of Heavy Oil Resources under Methane.- Chapter 6. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) assisted catalytic conversion of methane and other hydrocarbons.- Chapter 7. Biomass valorization under methane environment.- Chapter 8. Mechanism studies on biofuel conversion under methane environment.

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Book SynopsisThis book looks at chemmotological solutions to important questions surrounding sustainability and environmental safety of transport — both key priorities within the global strategy of sustainable development. Bringing together expanded versions of selected papers presented at the 8th International Scientific-Technical Conference: Problems of Chemmotology – Theory and Practice of Rational Use of Conventional and Alternative Fuels and Lubricants, contributors present solutions to problematic questions, including choosing feedstock and technologies of its processing for manufacturing alternative fuels, development and implementation of measures for improving environmental safety of transport, minimizing exhaust gases emission from transport, introducing new solution or improvements in systems of fuels supply and infrastructure, and changes in legislative and regulatory base for fuels and lubricants use. This collection will be an invaluable reference for researchers, professionals, and students involved in alternative aviation fuels, transport engineering, sustainable transport development, and fuels and lubricants.Table of Contents1-Advance in pathways to sustainable aviation fuels 2-Effect of polymer additives on the rheological properties of heavy high-viscosity oil 3-Phenomenological probabilistic model of friction pair wear taking into account thermal-mechanical stability of boundary layers 4-Revisiting the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters of Lower Monohydric Alcohols by Homogeneous Base-Catalyzed Transesterification of Vegetable Oils 5-Cultivating Microalgae in Wastewaters for Biofuel and Fertilizer Production 6-Development of New Structured Honeycomb Fiber Catalysts for Hydrocarbons Conversion to the Carbon-Free Fuel 7-Providing Wasteless Manufacturing of Aviation Biofuels by Using Camelina Seed Residues for Producing Functional Bread 8-Technologies for Restoring Soil from Oil Pollution 9-Investigation for a Sustainable Use of Fossil Coal Through the Dynamics of Interaction of Smokeless Solid Fuel with Oxygen and the Possibilities of its Practical Application 10-Improvement of Diesel Engine Parameters by Using of Alcohol Conversion 11-Influence of Microbiological Pollution on Properties of Motor Fuels 12-System for Monitoring Microbiological Contamination of Jet Fuels and Fuel Systems 13-Kinetics of Dissolution of the Oil Deposits 14-Cavitation Treatment of Gas Condensate Gasoline, Modified with Monohydric Alcohols

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Book SynopsisThis open access book introduces and explains machine learning (ML) algorithms and techniques developed for statistical inferences on a complex process or system and their applications to simulations of chemically reacting turbulent flows.These two fields, ML and turbulent combustion, have large body of work and knowledge on their own, and this book brings them together and explain the complexities and challenges involved in applying ML techniques to simulate and study reacting flows. This is important as to the world’s total primary energy supply (TPES), since more than 90% of this supply is through combustion technologies and the non-negligible effects of combustion on environment. Although alternative technologies based on renewable energies are coming up, their shares for the TPES is are less than 5% currently and one needs a complete paradigm shift to replace combustion sources. Whether this is practical or not is entirely a different question, and an answer to this question depends on the respondent. However, a pragmatic analysis suggests that the combustion share to TPES is likely to be more than 70% even by 2070. Hence, it will be prudent to take advantage of ML techniques to improve combustion sciences and technologies so that efficient and “greener” combustion systems that are friendlier to the environment can be designed. The book covers the current state of the art in these two topics and outlines the challenges involved, merits and drawbacks of using ML for turbulent combustion simulations including avenues which can be explored to overcome the challenges. The required mathematical equations and backgrounds are discussed with ample references for readers to find further detail if they wish. This book is unique since there is not any book with similar coverage of topics, ranging from big data analysis and machine learning algorithm to their applications for combustion science and system design for energy generation. Table of ContentsIntroduction.- ML Algorithms, Techniques and their Application to Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations.- Big Data Analysis, Analytics & ML role.- ML for SGS Turbulence (including scalar flux) Closures.- ML for Combustion Chemistry.- Applying CNNs to model SGS flame wrinkling in thickened flame LES (TFLES).- Machine Learning Strategy for Subgrid Modelling of Turbulent Combustion using Linear Eddy Mixing based Tabulation.- MILD Combustion–Joint SGS FDF.- Machine Learning for Principal Component Analysis & Transport.- Super Resolution Neural Network for Turbulent non-premixed Combustion.- ML in Thermoacoustics.- Concluding Remarks & Outlook.

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Book SynopsisFossil fuels in the UE in the era before Russian aggression in Ukraine.- Energy transformation challenges for the UE in the new economic and geopolitical environment.- Energy, Oil & Gas Sectors in the era of economic and geopolitical upheaval microeconomic perspective.

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