Cytology Books

Book SynopsisUp to date, easy to use, and rich with vibrant illustrations, Lippincott® Illustrated Reviews: Cell and Molecular Biology, 3rd Edition, provides a highly visual presentation of essential cell and molecular biology with a focus on topics related to human health and disease. This engaging approach incorporates all of the most popular features of the bestselling Lippincott® Illustrated Reviews series, including abundant full-color illustrations, chapter summaries, and review questions that link basic science to real-life clinical situations. The updated, versatile 3rd Edition can be used for a standalone cell biology course in medical, health professions, or other graduate and upper-level undergraduate programs; as a review for course and board exams; or in conjunction with other Lippincott® Illustrated Reviews for a seamless integrated course. UPDATED! Revised content throughout—including updated unit overviews and chapter summaries—helps students master the latest cell and molecular biology knowledge. UPDATED! Clinical Application boxes reinforce key concepts and enrich students’ understanding and clinical application capability. More than 250 full-color, annotated illustrations clarify complex processes and simplify study. Online animations and interactive review questions strengthen comprehension and retention.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsAce: Three cytoskeletal polymers 2: Mitotic spindle with chromosomes 3: Clathrin triskelion and cage 4: Transport of a large RNP through a nuclear pore 5: Endosomes and lysosome 6: Gap junction connexon 7: Proteasome 8: Nucleosome 9: Mother and daughter centrioles 10: Membrane traffic Jack: Artist's diagram of budding yeast kinetochore Queen: Hierarchy of levels of mitotic chromosome structure King: Eukaryotic phylogenetic tree Black Joker: Autophagy Red Joker: Ribosome, V-type ATPase, CRISPR/Cas, bacterium

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Book SynopsisThis atlas provides a comprehensive outline of all but the very rarest salivary gland diseases, detailing the most common benign and malignant tumors with their radiological, cytopathological, and histological features. The differential diagnosis of each tumor is presented with essential tips on the use of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and making a correct diagnosis. Three separate chapters are dedicated to: introduction to salivary gland FNA with emphasis on the technique used to perform the aspiration; the surgical anatomy of these glands; and the various radiological characteristics of these lesions, including primarily CT scans and MRI studies.Table of ContentsPreface vii Contributors ix 1 Introduction to Salivary Gland Lesions Cytology 1Mousa A. Al-Abbadi, MD, FIAC 2 Surgery for Salivary Gland Lesions: A Surgeon’s Perspective 13Ozlem E. Tulunay-Ugur, MD 3 Radiological Investigation of Salivary Gland Lesions 23Imad Zak, MD 4 Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases of Salivary Glands 43Wael N. Zakaria, MD, Isam A. Eltoum, MD, MBA, FIAC, Mousa A. Al-Abbadi, MD, FIAC 5 Pleomorphic Adenoma 57Jining Feng, MD, PhD, Mousa A. Al-Abbadi, MD, FIAC 6 Warthin’s Tumor 69Mousa A. Al-Abbadi, MD, FIAC 7 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma 77Ruba Halloush, MD 8 Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma 87Husain A. Saleh, MD, FIAC, MBA 9 Acinic Cell Carcinoma 97Eyas M. Hattab, MD, Harvey M. Cramer, MD 10 Basaloid Salivary Gland Tumor 109Jerzy Klijanienko, MD, PhD, MIAC, Isam A. Eltoum, MD, MBA, FIAC 11 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma 131Husain A. Saleh, MD, FIAC, MBA 12 Oncocytoma 145Jay K. Wasman, MD, Fadi W. Abdul-Karim, MD 13 Myoepithelioma and Related Lesions 157Pamela Papas, MD, Momin T. Siddiqui, MD 14 Polymorphous Low-Grade Carcinoma 175Jerzy Klijanienko, MD, PhD, MIAC, Mousa A. Al-Abbadi, MD, FIAC 15 Salivary Duct Carcinoma 181Jerzy Klijanienko, MD, PhD, MIAC, Mousa A. Al-Abbadi, MD, FIAC 16 Salivary Gland Lymphomas 187Mohammad Abuel-Haija, MD, Magdalena Czader, MD, PhD 17 Metastases and Rare Primary Neoplasms of Salivary Glands 215Mousa A. Al-Abbadi, MD, FIAC Index 243

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Book SynopsisThis book provides both general methods and safety considerations for the immortalization of cells and specific procedures for the immortalization of mammary, kidney, and thyroid epithelia, hepatocytes, fibroblasts, chondrocytes, lymphocytes, astrocytes, and human umbilical vein endothelium.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Human Keratinocyte Immortalization: Genetic Basis and Role inSquamous Cell Carcinoma Development (E. Parkinson). Safety Procedures (J. Caputo). Mapping Human Senescence Genes Using Interspecific MonochromosomeTransfer (R. Newbold & A. Cuthbert). Development of Immortal Human Fibroblast Cell Lines (L. Mayne, etal.). Immortalization of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (R. De Silva,et al.). Thyroid Epithelium (D. Wynford-Thomas). B-Lymphocytes (B. Bolton & N. Spurr). Megakaryocyte Cell Lines from Transgenic Mice (K. Ravid). List of Suppliers. Index.

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Book SynopsisFlow cytometry continually amazes scientists with its ever-expanding utility. Advances in flow cytometry have opened new directions in theoretical science, clinical diagnosis, and medical practice. The new edition of Flow Cytometry: First Principles provides a thorough update of this now classic text, reflecting innovations in the field while outlining the fundamental elements of instrumentation, sample preparation, and data analysis. Flow Cytometry: First Principles, Second Edition explains the basic principles of flow cytometry, surveying its primary scientific and clinical applications and highlighting state-of-the-art techniques at the frontiers of research. This edition contains extensive revisions of all chapters, including new discussions on fluorochrome and laser options for multicolor analysis, an additionalsection on apoptosis in the chapter on DNA, and new chapters onintracellular protein staining and cell sorting, including high-speed sorting and alternatiTrade Review"...reflects innovations in the field since the first edition was published..." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 26, No. 2, June 2002)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments (First Edition). Acknowledgments (Second Edition). The Past as Prologue. Setting the Scene. Instrumentation: Into the Black Box. Information: Harnessing the Data. Seeing the Light: Lasers, Fluorochromes, and Filters. Cells from Without: Leukocytes, Surface Proteins, and the Strategy of Gating. Cells from Within: Intracellular Proteins. Cells from Within: DNA in Life and Death. The Sorting of Cells. Disease and Diagnosis: The Clinical Laboratory. Out of the Mainstream: Research Frontiers. Flowing On: The Future. General References. Glossary. Figure Credits. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis work focuses on the impact of the cytokine network on the humoral immune response, as well as on its implications for the evolving field of cytokine-based medical therapeutics. Scientists interested in how cytokines regulate the production of antibody, and the selective expression of distinct antibody classes in response to microbial and other antigenic challenges now have a single, comprehensive and timely volume covering this complex field.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: GENERAL CONCEPTS. B-Cell Subpopulations and Microenvironments (T. Waldschmidt). Immunoglobulin Class Switching (M. Lorenz & A. Radbruch). CYTOKINES. Interleukin-2 (M. McIlraith & P. Lipsky). Interleukin-5 (K. Takatsu). Interferon-Gamma (C. Snapper). Neuropeptides (H. Kimata). PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. IgE Regulation in Allergy and Helminth Parasite Infections (R. Coffman). Regulation of Mucosal Immunity (K. Beagley, et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis cultural and natural history of an intriguing member of the genome traces the journey toward our current understanding of the nature of X. From its chance discovery in the 19th century to the promise and implications of ongoing research, Bainbridge shows how the X evolved and where it and its counterpart Y are going.Trade ReviewDavid Bainbridge takes us on a fascinating tour of X chromosomes and explains what the possession of these intricately folded, infinitessimally narrow, two-inch long strings of genetic codes weighing almost nothing, means for their bearers--that is for each one of us, male and female. History and personal anecdotes are woven together with up-to-date summaries of the science, punctuated with Bainbridge's zany--and very British--humor, so that this information-packed book is pure pleasure to read. -- Sarah Blaffer Hrdy author of Mother Nature: A History of Mothers, Infants, and Natural SelectionThe X in Sex is absolutely fascinating, so intriguing, in fact, that I found myself unwilling to put it down. David Bainbridge surveys an astonishing amount of new information from recent genomic studies of the X chromosome, clearly explaining the findings in a way the average person can easily follow. The science is presented via amusing and highly appropriate metaphors and clever turns of phrase, all of which serve to brighten the prose and present the reader with catchy ways to think about complex ideas. This is an informative, authoritative, and thoroughly enjoyable read: one of the best books I have read in recent years. -- Jane Lancaster, University of New MexicoThis is wonderful stuff--beautifully written, clear, jargon-free, with anecdotes sure to hold the attention. -- Tim Birkhead, author of Promiscuity: An Evolutionary History of Sperm CompetitionThe author of Making Babies takes a lively, witty tour of the X chromosome, creator of "a delicious symmetry between men and women"...Entertaining and informative...A fine demonstration of science made accessible. * Kirkus Reviews *A well-written, well-researched, easy-to-read study that explains what has been learned about the X and Y chromosomes using DNA sequencing and other molecular biology techniques. British biologist Bainbridge...has pulled together historical and current scientific research about how the X and Y chromosomes affect us and what the genes on these chromosomes actually do, like causing sex-linked diseases and color blindness...An excellent example of good science writing...Recommended. -- Margaret Henderson * Library Journal *Bainbridge is an essentialist, interested in understanding what aspects of gender are biologically driven, and why...He has a central question he wants to answer. The question is not so much why men and women are different (a worn topic that's the subject of too many Mars-and-Venus bestsellers) but, far more specific and far more interesting: Why are men and women more different than they need to be? -- Liza Mundy * Washington Post *Bainbridge summarizes our knowledge of the genetic information that determines one's sex by recounting the ancients' speculations about the genesis of gender, following with modern biologists' discovery of the X and Y chromosomes about a century ago, and of the sex-determining gene Sry in the 1990s. In a discussion rich with history, evolution, and philosophy, Bainbridge points out the dramatic effect that gender selection has on people's lives...A fascinating, often humorous analysis of the science of sexuality. -- Gilbert Taylor * Booklist *In The X in Sex, David Bainbridge explains the far-reaching effects of X. Bainbridge...moves with ease between straightforward accounts of biology and historical stories about its effect, like the chapter describing the progression of hemophilia through the royal houses of Europe. Bainbridge discusses cultural history as well as natural history, and his wit enlivens every page. -- Christine Kenneally * New York Times Book Review *There are many literary stars (such as Stephen Jay Gould, Richard Dawkins and Matt Ridley) in the firmament of writers on evolution, and to a man they write with dash and persuasive logic. David Bainbridge is one such and in his latest book he takes the reader through the glories of the X chromosome at a cracking pace. -- Miriam Stoppard * Times Higher Education Supplement (UK) *The truth is that the behaviours of [chromosomes] X and Y are inextricably linked. Bainbridge explores this link in a compelling tale that takes in how the sex chromosomes became sex chromosomes, and the very different consequences of this for women and men. Along the way we encounter the Duke of Kent's testicles, calico cats and non-identical identical twin girls. His story weaves science, history and the history of science (with a little religion for good measure) in a straightforward, anecdotal fashion that will appeal to scientists and non-scientists alike. -- Mark T. Ross * New Scientist (UK) *In his structure/function analysis of the X chromosome, Bainbridge provides a tongue-in-cheek, yet informative, description of one of the two human sex chromosomes. -- R. Adler * Choice *If you have ever been intrigued by some of the puzzles of genetics--why boys tend to get haemophilia or colour blindness while girls are more likely to have an identical twin or to develop rheumatoid arthritis later in life--then The X in Sex is for you. -- Chris Tyler-Smith * Times Literary Supplement *This highly readable book tells the story of the X chromosome from Aristotle's musings on gender differences right through to a modern understanding of the genetics of the X chromosome. The author's engaging style makes modern genetics accessible both of the complete layperson and to those of us for whom preclinical genetics are a hazy memory…In a chapter entitled "The Duke of Kent's Testicles", Bainbridge describes the unfortunate spread of haemophilia (sic) through19th century European Royal families to illustrate the inheritance of sex-linked disorders. From a disastrous random mutation in a sperm in one of the Duke's testicles to the Russian Revolution, the history is irreverent but the genetic implications are well illustrated…This slim book is a good read, amusing yet informative and authoritative. -- Alex Connan * Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Heath Care *David Bainbridge's The X in Sex prove[s] that popular books on human genetics--indeed on human sex chromosomes--need not trade in sociobiological excess...He spends much of his time on 'sex-linked' conditions that affect men more than women; these range from annoyances like baldness to devastating diseases like muscular dystrophy. Bainbridge also devotes many fascinating pages to complex ailments like autoimmune disease that, for reasons which remain unclear, disproportionately afflict women...But Bainbridge's chief concern is with the biology of human sex determination and with the many ways in which it can, and does, go wrong. In the end, his message is that while human beings obviously come in two predominant sexes, both cultural and biological forces give rise to a surprisingly 'continuous spectrum of gender.' -- H. Allen Orr * New York Review of Books *Table of ContentsPrologue 1. Making a Difference Interlude: What Is It, Exactly? 2. The Duke of Kent's Testicles Interlude: How Sexy Is X? 3. The Double Life of Women Epilogue: The Chosen One Further Reading Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisIntroduces the reader to Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs), their isolation method and analysis, and commercially available platforms Presents the historical perspective and the overview of the field of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) Discusses the state-of-art methods for CTC isolation, ranging from the macro- to micro-scale, from positive concentration to negative depletion, and from biological-property-enabled to physical-property-based approaches Details commercially available CTC platforms Describes post-isolation analysis and clinical translation Provides a glossary of scientific terms related to CTCs Table of ContentsList of Contributors xv Foreword xxi Preface xxv PART I INTRODUCTION 1 1 Circulating Tumor Cells and Historic Perspectives 3 Jonathan W. Uhr 1.1 Early Studies on Cancer Dormancy Led to the Development of a Sensitive Assay for CTCs (1970–1998) 3 1.2 Modern Era for Counting CTCs: 1998–2007 6 1.3 Proof of Malignancy of CTCs 7 1.4 New Experiments Involving CTCs 7 1.5 Clinical Cancer Dormancy 8 1.6 Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Gene Amplification can be Acquired as Breast Cancer Progresses 10 1.7 uPAR and HER2 Co-amplification 11 1.8 Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) 12 1.9 New Instruments to Capture CTCs 14 1.10 Genotypic Analyses 15 1.11 Conclusions 18 References 20 2 Introduction to Microfluidics 33 Kangfu Chen and Z. Hugh Fan 2.1 Introduction 33 2.2 Scaling Law 36 2.3 Device Fabrication 39 2.4 Functional Components in Microfluidic Devices 43 2.5 Concluding Remarks 46 References 47 PART II ISOLATION METHODS 51 3 Ensemble-decision Aliquot Ranking (eDAR) for CTC Isolation and Analysis 53 Mengxia Zhao, Perry G. Schiro, and Daniel T. Chiu 3.1 Overview of eDAR 53 3.2 Individual Components and Analytical Performance of eDAR 55 3.3 Application and Downstream Analyses of eDAR 69 3.4 Conclusion and Perspective 80 References 81 4 Sinusoidal Microchannels with High Aspect Ratios for CTC Selection and Analysis 85 Joshua M. Jackson, Małgorzata A. Witek, and Steven A. Soper 4.1 Introduction 85 4.2 Parallel Arrays of High-Aspect-Ratio, Sinusoidal Microchannels for CTC Selection 90 4.3 Clinical Applications of Sinusoidal CTC Microchip 114 4.4 Conclusion 118 Acknowledgments 119 References 119 5 Cell Separation using Inertial Microfluidics 127 Nivedita Nivedita and Ian Papautsky 5.1 Introduction 127 5.2 Device Fabrication and System Setup 128 5.3 Inertial Focusing in Microfluidics 129 5.4 Cancer Cell Separation in Straight Microchannels 132 5.5 Cancer Cell Separation in Spiral Microchannels 136 5.6 Conclusions 142 References 142 6 Morphological Characteristics of CTCs and the Potential for Deformability-Based Separation 147 Simon P. Duffy and Hongshen Ma 6.1 Introduction 147 6.2 Limitations of Antibody-based CTC Separation Methods 148 6.3 Morphological and Biophysical Differences Between CTCs and Hematological Cells 149 6.4 Historical and Recent Methods in CTC Separation Based on Biophysical Properties 153 6.5 Microfluidic Ratchet for Deformability-Based Separation of CTCs 155 6.6 Resettable Cell Trap for Deformability-based Separation of CTCs 160 6.7 Summary 165 References 166 7 Microfabricated Filter Membranes for Capture and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) 173 Zheng Ao, Richard J. Cote, Ram H. Datar, and Anthony Williams 7.1 Introduction 173 7.2 Size-based Enrichment of Circulating Tumor Cells 174 7.3 Comparison Between Size-based CTC Isolation and Affinity-based Isolation 177 7.4 Characterization of CTCs Captured by Microfilters 178 7.5 Conclusion 180 References 181 8 Miniaturized Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Platform for Rare Cell Detection and Profiling 183 Sangmoo Jeong, Changwook Min, Huilin Shao, Cesar M. Castro, Ralph Weissleder, and Hakho Lee 8.1 Introduction 183 8.2 μNMR Technology 184 8.3 Clinical Application of μNMR for CTC Detection and Profiling 191 8.4 Conclusion 196 References 196 9 Nanovelcro Cell-Affinity Assay for Detecting and Characterizing Circulating Tumor Cells 201 Millicent Lin, Anna Fong, Sharon Chen, Yang Zhang, Jie-fu Chen, Paulina Do, Morgan Fong, Shang-Fu Chen, Pauline Yang, An-Jou Liang, Qingyu Li, Min Song, Shuang Hou, and Hsian-Rong Tseng 9.1 Introduction 202 9.2 Proof-of-Concept Demonstration of NanoVelcro Cell-Affinity Substrates 207 9.3 First-Generation NanoVelcro Chips for CTC Enumeration 209 9.4 Second-Generation NanoVelcro-LMD Technology for Single CTC Isolation 214 9.5 Third-Generation Thermoresponsive NanoVelcro Chips 219 9.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 220 Acknowledgment 221 References 221 10 Acoustophoresis in Tumor Cell Enrichment 227 Per Augustsson, Cecilia Magnusson, Hans Lilja, and Thomas Laurell 10.1 Introduction 227 10.2 Factors Determining Acoustophoresis Cell Separation 230 10.3 Acoustophoresis System for Separating Cells 234 10.4 Acoustophoresis Platform for Clinical Sample Processing 239 10.5 Unperturbed Cell Survival and Phenotype after Microchip Acoustophoresis 244 10.6 Summary 246 References 246 11 Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry for Detection and Capture of Circulating Melanoma Cells 249 John A. Viator, Benjamin S. Goldschmidt, Kiran Bhattacharyya, and Kyle Rood 11.1 Introduction 249 11.2 Current Methods for Detection and Capture of CMCs 254 11.3 Discussion 259 11.4 Future Work 261 References 262 12 Selectin-Mediated Targeting of Circulating Tumor Cells for Isolation and Treatment 267 Jocelyn R. Marshall and Michael R. King 12.1 Introduction 267 12.2 CTC Capture by E-selectin 271 12.3 Applications for E-selectin in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment 273 12.4 Conclusions 278 References 279 13 Aptamer-Enabled Tumor Cell Isolation 287 Jinling Zhang and Z. Hugh Fan 13.1 Introduction 287 13.2 Aptamers and their Biomedical Applications 288 13.3 Aptamer-based Tumor Cell Isolation 290 13.4 Conclusion and Outlook 297 References 297 14 Depletion of Normal Cells for CTC Enrichment 301 Jeffrey J. Chalmers, Maryam B. Lustberg, Clayton Deighan, Kyoung-Joo Jenny Park, Yongqi Wu, and Peter Amaya 14.1 Introduction 301 14.2 Estimates of Number and Type of Cells in Blood 302 14.3 Summary of Examples of Negative Depletion 303 14.4 Types of Cells Observed After Depletion of Normal Cells 305 14.5 Incomplete Depletion of Normal Cells 305 14.6 Conclusion 310 References 311 PART III POST-ISOLATION ANALYSIS AND CLINICAL TRANSLATION 313 15 Tumor Heterogeneity and Single-cell Analysis of CTCs 315 Evelyn K. Sigal and Stefanie S. Jeffrey 15.1 Introduction 315 15.2 Tumor Heterogeneity 316 15.3 Single-Cell Analysis of CTCs and CTC Heterogeneity 318 15.4 Gene Expression Analysis 319 15.5 Mutational Analysis 321 15.6 Conclusion: Clinical Implications and Future Perspectives 323 References 324 16 Single-Cell Molecular Profiles and Biophysical Assessment of Circulating Tumor Cells 329 Devalingam Mahalingam, Pawel Osmulski, Chiou-Miin Wang, Aaron M. Horning, Anna D. Louie, Chun-Lin Lin, Maria E. Gaczynska, and Chun-Liang Chen 16.1 Introduction 329 16.2 Methods 331 16.3 CTC Applications 336 16.4 Conclusions 342 References 343 17 Directing Circulating Tumor Cell Technologies Into Clinical Practice 351 Benjamin P. Casavant, David Kosoff, and Joshua M. Lang 17.1 Introduction 351 17.2 Defining Biomarkers 352 17.3 The Technology 356 17.4 Translating Technology 357 17.5 Conclusions 360 References 361 PART IV COMMERCIALIZATION 365 18 DEPArray™ Technology for Single CTC Analysis 367 Farideh Z. Bischoff, Gianni Medoro, and Nicolo Manaresi 18.1 Challenges in Molecular Profiling of CTCs 367 18.2 DEPArray™ Technology Solution 368 18.3 DEPArray™ for Single Tumor Cell Analysis 369 18.4 Clinical Significance in Single CTC Profiling 373 18.5 Conclusion 374 References 374 19 CELLSEARCH® Instrument, Features, and Usage 377 Denis A. Smirnov, Brad W. Foulk, Mark C. Connelly, and Robert T. McCormack 19.1 Introduction 377 19.2 Principles of CELLSEARCH® 379 19.3 EpCAM Density and CTC Capture 380 19.4 Clinical Applications of CELLSEARCH® CTCs 383 19.5 Beyond EpCAM Capture 390 19.6 Discussion 391 References 394 PART V GLOSSARY 401 Circulating Tumor Cell Glossary 403 Jose I. Varillas and Z. Hugh Fan Index 423

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Book SynopsisChapter One is addressed to a comprehensive revision of the bibliography regarding the emergence of liposomes and the first steps in their design, the type of systems (components and structures), their classification and properties. Chapter Two discusses the possibility of creating living synthetic cells. Chapter Three provides an overview of the development and application of liposomes in biomedical sciences, with special emphasis on recent advances in the investigation of multifunctional liposomes that target cells and cellular organelles with a single delivery system. In Chapter Four, the authors review the mechanisms of drug transport through the BBB using liposomes, and the design strategies for optimum liposomal properties. In Chapter Five, the development rationales and structural types of pH-sensitive liposomes is discussed Chapter Six presents the characteristic, classification and preparation methods of liposomes. To develop liposomal drug delivery system, functional liposomes including antibody-conjugating liposomes known as immunoliposomes and stimuli-triggered liposomes such as pH- and thermo-sensitive liposomes have been investigated in Chapter Seven. Chapter Eight covers the use of thermosensitive liposomes for drug delivery and cancer therapy, because the side-effects of anticancer drugs are restrained and drug release can be controlled in combination with local hyperthermia. In Chapter Nine, the authors summarise the potential of OMLs as a novel adjuvant and antigen delivery vehicle for induction of encased antigen-specific strong T cell immunity. Chapter Ten presents the recent advances of liposomes in drug and vaccine delivery and shed light to the application of DSC to thermodynamic characterisation of liposomal delivery platforms. Chapter Eleven focuses on various liposomal delivery systems that are currently being explored to overcome the anatomical and physiological obstacles to improve the delivery efficiency of BNCT to brain glioma cells.

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Book SynopsisDr. Greg Maguire''s thought-provoking book offers a radically new approach to the standard means of developing drugs through the use of the molecules that stem cells release. Emphasizing that living organisms operate through the collective actions of entities within and between all levels of the biological organism, including the quantum level, molecular level, and cellular level, for example, the argument is put forth that drug development, and medicine itself, must treat various indications by understanding and then treating the collective actions at the relevant levels that are found to be perturbed in that particular indication. Motivated by the recent successes in the fields of quantum collective electrodynamics and condensed matter physics, where systems level thinking has explained through mathematical and conceptual reasoning how these phenomenon work, and doing so with heuristic outcomes, Maguire argues that the same system level thinking must be applied to drug development and medicine. The interactive nature of these fundamental collective processes is at the core of developing systems therapeutics and, as such, challenges those that believe in fundamental reductionism, where understanding the components of the system will explain the system. During these times, fundamental reductionism is often used to explain diseases as the result of an aberration in a DNA sequence, and targeted approaches to drug development lead to the development of small molecules to specifically target only one pathway. Because of this, there is an understanding that diseases and other indications are multifactorial and often don''t involve a genomic alteration; systems biology analysis should lead to systems therapeutics where multiple pathways, often at different levels of the organism, are targeted by the therapeutic aspects. The therapeutic development approach that Maguire explains is a result of reverse engineering endogenous adult stem cell function that serves to maintain and heal our tissues. Using the pools of molecules that different types of adult stem cells release, each pool of molecules being tissue specific for the indication to be treated, Maguire describes the systems therapeutic results. The book is divided into nine sections, each of which can be read as a standalone chapter and serve as a source of references on the particular topic. Although some of the topics use mathematical formulas, none of the material requires mathematical rigor in order to understand the concepts. The last chapter culminates in showing how the systems therapeutic approach using the molecules from adult stem cells is used to treat neurodegeneration.

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Book SynopsisMyosin: Biosynthesis, Classes and Function opens with a discussion on class I myosins, the most varied members of the myosin superfamily and a remarkable group of molecular motor proteins that move actin filaments and produce force. Class I myosin molecules have various physiological roles including maintenance of normal intestinal brush border structure, glucose homeostasis, glomerular filtration, immune function, and tumor promotion and suppression, and new studies are revealing that mutations may lead to diseases including cancer and kidney disease. Thus, the authors review the structure and function of the eight myosin-I isoforms (Myo1a-Myo1h) that are expressed in mammals. Next, the book discusses muscle contractile function and its association with the activity of the protein complex actomyosin, in which myosin exhibits enzyme activity, namely the ability to hydrolyze ATP. The demonstrated ability of calix[4]arenes C-97, C-99, C-90 and thiacalix[4]arenes C-798 and C-800 can be used for further research aimed at the use of these compounds as novel pharmacological agents able to efficiently restore normal contractile function of myometrium by inhibition or activation of this function, or the eliminating negative effects of heavy metal cations. Following this, the authors present the results of their experiments on studying the effects of different isotopes of magnesium and zinc on the enzymatic activity of myosin, namely the catalytic subfragment-1 of myosin, isolated from myometrium muscle. It has been revealed that the rate of the enzymatic ATP hydrolysis is 22.5 times higher in the reaction media enriched with the magnetic isotope, 25Mg, as compared to the activity of the same enzyme in the reaction media enriched with the nonmagnetic isotopes, 24Mg or 26Mg or MgCl2 of natural isotope abundance. Continuing, precipitation/extraction methods and MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry were used in order to and identify, for the first time, a protein with the molecular mass of 48 kDa as a fragment of human unconventional myosin 1c isoform b in a blood serum of multiple sclerosis patients. Western-blot analysis using commercial monospecific anti-human Myo1c antibodies has shown that the molecular mass of this protein obtained from a blood serum of different human sources varied in between 46-48 kDa. Thus, the authors name the 46-48 kDa proteins revealed in a blood serum as a short form of the human unconventional myosin 1c (sMyo 1C).

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Book SynopsisThis collection of articles deals with the benefits of different types of stem cells sources, use, manipulation, and aspects for the treatment of chronic diseases. Topics include the role of calcium channel pathway/s in the regulation of neural stem cell differentiation; the evolutionary roles of the totipotent, pluripotent, or even multipotent stem cells; the derivations of multipotent MSCs; and potential canine-derived stem cell therapies for dogs. The scope of the book also provokes further studies into other topics, such as MSC differentiation into hepatocytes and the involvement of these cells with microRNA-133 in type 1 diabetes; the role of Vitronectin in the differentiation into endoderm; the extent to which the stemness of dental pulp stem cells might be useful; PBMCs as a source for pluripotent stem cells; yoga in possible synergy with the finding that bone marrow stromal cells provide relief from a laboratory reagent used as drug-mediated pain in spinal cord injury.

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Book SynopsisStem cells have generated considerable interest recently in the scientific, clinical, and public arenas. The third book in the Stem Cell Repair and Regeneration series offers contributions from numerous areas bridging medicine and the life sciences.Significant research activities in the tissue engineering or regenerative medicine (the term recently used) field started in the 1970s, and there is currently great excitement over the possibility of replacing damaged body parts through regenerative medicine. Potential strategies to replace, repair and restore the function of damaged tissues or organs include stem cell transplantation, transplantation of tissues engineered in the laboratory, and the induction of regeneration by the body's own cells. It is believed that novel cellular therapeutics outperform any medical device, recombinant protein or chemical compound.This volume explores novel stem cell therapeutic strategies for myriad diseases, including renal failure, retinal disease and myocardial infarction.Table of ContentsThe Biology of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (C Westwood & M O Clements); Mesenchymal Stem Cells: From Culture to Clinic (C A Gregory); Stem Cell Bioprocessing for Clinical Applications of Regenerative Medicine (S Mantalaris et al.); Defining and Overcoming the Immunological Barriers to Stem Cell Therapies (N J Robertson et al.); Activation of the Immune System: A Corollary of ES Transplantation (A S Boyd et al.); Suppression of HLA Expression by Lentivirus-Mediated Gene Transfer of siRNA Cassettes (N Kasahara); Cord Blood Cells for Myocardial Regeneration (C Stamm & M Nan); Clinical Trials in Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy: An Update (R Kam & I Dimarakis); Stem Cell Therapy in Neurodegenerative Disease (C T Flores & M Y Gordon); Adult Human Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Stroke (D Williamson et al.); Cell Therapy in Renal Disease (H D Humes); Regenerative Medicine of the Eye: A Short Review (D T Harris et al.); Clearer View of Stem Cells in Retinal Disease (M D Hodges et al.); Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells: Biology and Therapeutic Potential (M Notara et al.); The Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone and Cartilage Repair (R Behan et al.).

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Book SynopsisSelected as a Doody’s Core Title for 2023! Up to date, easy to use, and rich with vibrant illustrations, Lippincott® Illustrated Reviews: Cell and Molecular Biology, 3rd Edition, provides a highly visual presentation of essential cell and molecular biology with a focus on topics related to human health and disease. This engaging approach incorporates all of the most popular features of the bestselling Lippincott® Illustrated Reviews series, including abundant full-color illustrations, chapter summaries, and review questions that link basic science to real-life clinical situations. The updated, versatile 3rd Edition can be used for a standalone cell biology course in medical, health professions, or other graduate and upper-level undergraduate programs; as a review for course and board exams; or in conjunction with other Lippincott® Illustrated Reviews for a seamlessly integrated course. UPDATED! Revised content throughout—including updated unit overviews and chapter summaries—helps students master the latest cell and molecular biology knowledge. UPDATED! Clinical Application boxes reinforce key concepts and enrich students’ understanding and clinical application capability. More than 250 full-color, annotated illustrations clarify complex processes and simplify study. Online animations and interactive review questions strengthen comprehension and retention.

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Book SynopsisThis book is intended to provide a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental concepts and practical applications of Cytology and Genetics. It encompasses all aspects of the subject, including information on the microscope, cell division, Mendelian principles of heredity, linkage and detection, gene mapping through recombination, multiple alleles, and gene interaction and probability. The practical information outlined in this guide will be of great benefit to students and educators in the fields of Biological and Agricultural Sciences.

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Book SynopsisThe book in question is primarily designed to serve as a companion for students of cytogenetics within the fields of Genetics and Plant Breeding. Through the use of illustrations and clear explanations, the book aims to make the fundamental concepts of the subject accessible to even beginners. The books organization strictly adheres to the course curriculum taught in universities, ensuring that the content is both relevant and comprehensive. The topics covered in the book have been arranged in a concise and easily understandable manner, deliberately avoiding the complexity often found in traditional textbooks. This book is intended to supplement, not replace, primary texts.

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Book SynopsisOur genome is littered with scraps of DNA, termed “junk” DNAs, that serve no apparent purpose. Junk DNAs make up as much as 98.5% of our genome. Scientists believe that some junk DNAs came into existence millions of years ago, when viruses inserted their DNA into that of the human host. There is emerging evidence that suggests that these bits of microbial DNAs may alter our functional genes, impacting our body physiology and behavior.We have been invaded by “body snatchers” and they are part of us! We could postulate that we are carrying a large number of DNAs that serve only the DNAs, and we are just a small part of the big picture! There is ample scientific evidence to suggest that, even today, free-living microbes are still manipulating our behaviour and our life at large. They are thriving on our wet skin, in our mouth, and in our intestinal and vaginal tracts. We are perhaps not quite what we think we are.This thought-provoking and inspiring book offers many answers, while at the same time raising many questions for future research.Table of ContentsWhy Do You Get a Kick Out of Roller Coaster Ride and Bungee Jump?; Looking into the Cells: How Human Are We?; Looking into the Command Post of Human Cells, The Nucleus: Are We Human at All?; Why Is There So Much Junk in Our Genes?; The Tendency of Humans to Trade Off Our Body Functions under the Assault of Disease-Causing Microbes; Looking into Our Intestines; Why Do We Have Diarrhea?; We Eat Because We Need the Food; Microbes Help Those Who Help Themselves; We Are Fat Because We Eat Too Much and Exercise Too Little; Our Indecent Liaison with Yeast; Who Is the Father of Democracy?; The Pseudo-Tyrants; HIV Didn't Learn from Smallpox; Why Are Some Pathogens More Willing to Kill the Hosts than Others?; SARS Virus, the New Kid on the Block; Who Is Afraid of Bird Flu?; Why Do Microbes Want to Colonize Human Body?; Ability to Love Makes Humans Different from Lower Forms of Organisms; Microbes Kill for Their Children!; Does Your Blood Type Determine Your Fortune?; A Human Body without Microbes?.

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