Globalization Books

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Book SynopsisIn this compelling history, Peter Chapman shows how the United Fruit Company took bananas from the jungles of Costa Rica to the halls of power in Washington, D.C., with not just clever marketing, but covert CIA operations, bloody coups and brutalised workforces. And how along the way they turned the banana into a blueprint for a new model of unfettered global capitalism: one that serves corporate power at any cost.Trade ReviewA gripping story of the ebbs and flows of US capitalism * * Guardian * *[An] insightful history of the company . . . [A] witty, energetic narrative * * New York Times Book Review * *A powerful example from the past . . . a century-long tale of plunder, bribery, corruption, labour abuse, death squads, military coups and war * * Financial Times * *Finely crafted . . . Chapman's broad-brush approach to history gives it a vigorous and entertaining narrative drive . . . Chapman's achievement is to make us realise what a long and complex moral journey even something as seemingly innocent as a banana has made to our fruit bowls -- Mark Cocker * * Guardian * *If you only read a handful of non-fiction books this year, [Bananas] is among your recommended five portions * * Observer * *Engagingly told . . . Delightful cameos of Carmen Miranda, Andy Warhol and Evelyn Waugh . . . Best is Chapman's account of the precarious ecology of the modern banana * * Independent * *The term banana republic has become so divested of meaning that it's been adopted by a mid-range clothing chain. Its sobering reality is spelled out in this clear, dryly witty account of United Fruit * * Metro * *Excellent, darkly humorous expose * * Herald * *A tale of corporate skulduggery, an irreversible lesson in agricultural folly and a musing on the banana's place on our collective palate . . . An impressive indictment of a deeply flawed corporation * * The Nation * *Any tinpot regime these days tends to get called a banana republic. We have to remember they were real, vicious and bloody regimes set up and toppled at the behest of US fruit companies. Those corporations gave globalisation a bad name before we even used the term, and Peter Chapman's racy but erudite read constantly makes you wonder how much has changed * * New Scientist * *

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Book Synopsis'Wry, readable and often astonishing... A provocative and absorbing history of the United States' New York TimesThe United States denies having dreams of empire.We know America has spread its money, language and culture across the world, but we still think of it as a contained territory, framed by Canada above, Mexico below, and oceans either side. Nothing could be further from the truth.This is the story of the United States outside the United States – from nineteenth-century conquests like Alaska and Puerto Rico to the catalogue of islands, archipelagos and military bases dotted around the globe. Full of surprises and previously forgotten episodes, this fascinating book casts America’s history, and its present, in a revealing new light.Trade Review[A] smashing new book… fascinating -- Tim Stanley * Daily Telegraph *Lively and fascinating … [Immerwahr] is incapable of writing a dull page, and he has a real gift for making striking and unusual connections -- Noel Malcolm * Sunday Telegraph *To call this standout book a corrective would make it sound earnest and dutiful, when in fact it is wry, readable and often astonishing … It’s a testament to Immerwahr’s considerable storytelling skills that I found myself riveted by his sections on Hoover’s quest for standardized screw threads, wondering what might happen next. But beyond its collection of anecdotes and arcana, this humane book offers something bigger and more profound. How to Hide an Empire nimbly combines breadth and sweep with fine-grained attention to detail. The result is a provocative and absorbing history of the United States — ‘not as it appears in its fantasies, but as it actually is.’ * New York Times *There are many histories of American expansionism. How to Hide an Empire renders them all obsolete. It is brilliantly conceived, utterly original, and immensely entertaining - simultaneously vivid, sardonic and deadly serious. -- Andrew J. Bacevich, author of Twilight of the American CenturyThis book changes our understanding of the fundamental character of the United States as a presence in world history. By focusing on the processes by which Americans acquired, controlled, and were affected by territory, Daniel Immerwahr shows that the United States was not just another “empire,” but was a highly distinctive one the dimensions of which have been largely ignored. -- David A. Hollinger, Professor Emeritus of History at the University of California, Berkeley, and author of Protestants AbroadHow to Hide an Empire is a breakthrough, for both Daniel Immerwahr and our collective understanding of America’s role in the world. His narrative of the rise of our colonial empire outside North America, and then our surprising pivot from colonization to globalization after World War II, is enthralling in the telling -- and troubling for anyone pondering our nation’s past and future. The result is a book for citizens and scholars alike. -- Samuel Moyn, professor of law and history at Yale UniversityA deft disquisition on America, and America in the world, with a raconteur’s touch and keen sense of the absurd -- Stephen Phillips * Spectator *[A] lively new book… Immerwahr peppers his account with colourful characters and enjoyable anecdotes… [How to Hide an Empire] throws light on the histories of everything from the Beatles to Godzilla, the birth-control pill to the transistor radio * Economist *This is an easily readable and vividly written book, filled with numerous fascinating tales, some well known, but many obscure… [How to Hide an Empire] illuminate[s] the wider history of both the United States and its colonies -- Andrew Johnstone * BBC History *How to Hide an Empire…achieves a strong grounding in its sources material and the wider history of empire studies… [it] is timely and raises weighty questions on themes of identity and belong that are all very relevant today * All About History *[A] vivid, and sometimes quirky, retelling of American expansionism… The originality of Immerwahr’s book… [is] in his explanation of how Washington purposely avoided converting its occupations to annexations -- Gavin Jacobson * New Statesman *Daniel Immerwahr… writes in the manner of an entertaining and informative lecturer who cannot wait to tell the class his latest discovery from the archives -- James Michael * Times Literary Supplement *

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Book SynopsisChoice Outstanding Academic Title 2023This volume brings together 25 defining texts in global history. These pieces cover approaches to the subject from antiquity to the present century and, taken together, show the development of the discipline, providing a solid historiographical, theoretical and methodological overview that will be invaluable for students. The collection gives a unique sense of how, at different times, in different cultural circumstances, students of the past have approached the problems of encompassing the world in a single narrative or theory. This is a reader with an implicit story to unfold. Felipe Fernandez-Armesto tracks how a global understanding of history originated in prophetic writings, how the Renaissance discovery of the world multiplied the opportunities for historians to think about history globally, how scientific investigations of change came to exert influence and inspire new thinking among global historians, how culture wars ensued between advoTrade ReviewIn spirit, global history is an age-old endeavour. At the same time, each manifestation is highly specific to its moment, with its own particular set of constraints and possibilities. Prof. Fernández-Armesto shows this with aplomb for the Western tradition, not just through the essays, which are judiciously chosen, but also through his introductory remarks, which are written with flare and a telling eye, highlighting the import of their subject for both students and scholars. * Gagandeep S. Sood, Associate Professor, International History Department, London School of Economics, UK *Table of ContentsIntroduction Part I: Prophecy and Providentialism 1. The Book of Daniel, Chapters 7-12 2. Paulus Orosius, Seven Books Against the Pagans, Dedication, From Book I, Section 1 and from Books II (Section 1), V (Sections 1-2) and VII (Sections 1-3) 3. M. Reeves, Joachim of Fiore and the Prophetic Future, From Chapter 1, “Joachim and the Meaning of History” 4. From Ibn Khaldun, The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History Part II: From Providence to Progress 5. Johann Gottfried Herder, Outlines of a Philosophy of the History of Man, Book XV, Chapters 1-5 6. Immanuel Kant, Idea for a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Point of View, On History [1784] 7. G.W.F. Hegel, Lectures on the Philosophy of World History, “The Course of the World’s History,” vol. iii, sections 60-99. 8. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party [1848], Chapter 1 9. Leopold von Ranke, Universal History: The Oldest Historical Group of Nations and the Greeks [1884], Preface Part III: The Scientific Temptation 10. Herbert Spencer, “Progress: Its Law and Consequences” [1886], Chapter 1 11. Christopher Dawson, The Age of the Gods [1928], “Introduction” 12. David Christian, “World History in Context” [2003] 13. Richard Lewontin and Joseph Fraccia, “Does Culture Evolve?” [1994] 14. Felipe Fernández-Armesto, “How to be Human: A Historical Approach” [2010] 15. Daniel Lord Smail, “Neuroscience and the Dialectics of History” [2012] Part IV: Comparative and Contextual Approaches 16. Ian G. Simmons, ‘“To Civility and Man´s Use”: History, Culture, and Nature’ [1998] 17. Jared M.Diamond, “Colonization Cycles in Man and Beast” [1977] 18. Kenneth Pomeranz, “Social History and World History from Daily Life to Patterns of Change” [2007] 19. Bruce Mazlish, “Comparing Global History to World History” [1998] Part V: The Eurocentrism Controversies 20. Arnold J. Toynbee, “My View of History” [1948] 21. Samuel Huntington,. “The Clash of Civilizations” [1993] 22. J.C. van Leur, Indonesian Trade and Society: Essays in Asian Social and Economic History [1967], Chapter 1: “On Methodology and Theory” 23. W.H. McNeill, “A Defence of World History” [1982] Envoi: The New Narratives 24. David Christian, “The Return of Universal History” [2010] 25. David Northrup, “Globalization and the Great Convergence: Rethinking World History in the Long Term” [2008]

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Book SynopsisA fascinating exploration of the linkages between ancestral inheritance, diasporic belonging, and our climate future... I read it in one sitting, which took me on a moving and often unexpected journey' Aube Rey Lescure''Part of me knew what the hungry ghosts wanted all along, what they still want. It is not vengeance. No, they want something else, but we refuse to listen. They want us to face up to our broken obligations.'' Every spring during the Qingming Festival, people return to their home villages in China to sweep the tombs of their ancestors, making offerings of food and incense to prevent them from becoming hungry ghosts that could cause misfortune. Yet for the past century, a time ruptured by war and revolution, many tombs have been left unattended. Following a record year of wildfires, Alice Mah returns to her family's rice village in South China, and discovers that her ancestors are almost forgotten, and there are no tombs left to sweep. Instead, there are incalculable clan debts to be paid. Here Mah chronicles her journey from the rice villages of South China to her home in post-industrial England, through the Chinatowns of Western Canada where she grew up, to the isles and industry of Scotland where she now lives. As years pass and fires rage on, she becomes increasingly troubled by her ancestors' neglected graves. Her research on pollution gives way to growing eco-anxiety, culminating in a crisis of spiritual belief. A haunting blend of memoir, cultural history and environmental exploration, Red Pockets confronts the hungry ghosts of our neglected ancestors, while searching for an acceptable offering. What do we owe to past and future generations? What do we owe to the places that we inhabit?

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Book Synopsis A landmark book that overturns everything we think we know about humankind’s greatest idea.

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewVery informative and eye-opening in many ways -- Ha-Joon Chang, author of 23 Things They Don't Tell You About CapitalismIt is reassuring to read an author so impervious to rhetorical fashion and so eager to champion uncertainty . . . Smil's book is at its essence a plea for agnosticism, and, believe it or not, humility - the rarest earth metal of all. His most valuable declarations concern the impossibility of acting with perfect foresight. Living with uncertainty, after all, "remains the essence of the human condition." Even under the most optimistic scenario, the future will not resemble the past -- Nathaniel Rich * New York Times *A grumpy, pugnacious account that, I would argue, is intellectually indispensable in the run up to this year's COP27 climate conference in Egypt. In short, How the World Really Works fully delivers on the promise of its title. It is hard to formulate any higher praise -- Simon Ings * New Scientist *You can agree or disagree with Smil - accept or doubt his 'just the facts' posture-but you probably shouldn't ignore him . . . In Smil's provocative but perceptive view, unrealistic notions about carbon reduction are partly, and ironically, attributable to the very productivity that societies achieved by substituting machine work, powered by fossil fuels, for draft animals and human laborers * Washington Post *This accessible and witty book cuts to the chase of what we need to know -- Caroline Sanderson * The Bookseller, 'Editor's Choice' *If you are anxious about the future, and infuriated that we aren't doing enough about it, please read this book -- Paul Collier, author of The Future of Capitalism"I am neither a pessimist nor an optimist; I am a scientist," Smil writes in the introduction, with typically Smilian swagger. In fact, he is more of a numberist, a polymath with a gift for rigorously crushing complex data into pleasing morsels of information -- Pilita Clark * Financial Times *Smil's meticulously researched words are for anyone who wants his priors reexamined and feathers ruffled -- Joakin Book * AIER *Ambitious and eye-opening . . . provides valuable insight as opposed to the agenda-pushing rhetoric commonly found in mainstream scientific literature. Data-rich, informative and eye-opening, How the World Really Works is a captivating read -- Lily Pagano * Reaction *A compelling, fascinating, and most important, realistic portrait of the world and where it's going -- Steven Pinker, on Numbers Don’t LieCanadian polymath Vaclav Smil taught at the University of Manitoba for half a century. In this brilliant book, he does the hard work of crunching complicated data to present a clear and surprising picture of how our world - especially our physical world - really does work -- Chrystia Freeland, Deputy prime minister and minister of finance, Canada * Bloomberg, 'Best Books of 2022' *This is a compelling read. It uses science and practical examples to clearly illustrate the kinds of resources we are consuming on this planet today - and the quantities, too. It lays bare how demanding the changes will be in our daily lives if the green transition in energy away from fossil fuels is to be achieved. It also makes clear how far humanity is lagging behind the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting the global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Getting China and India fully on board with this is absolutely critical if climate warming is to be even moderately tamed -- Olli Rehn, Governor, Bank of Finland, and governing council member, European Central Bank * Bloomberg, 'Best Books of 2022' *

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Book Synopsis***THE WORD OF MOUTH INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER NOW UPDATED WITH 15 EXPLOSIVE NEW CHAPTERS***False economics. Threats, bribes, extortion. Debt, deception, coups, assassinations and unbridled military power. These are the tools used by the ‘corporatocracy’ – a vast network of corporations, banks, colluding governments and rich and powerful individuals – to ensure that they retain and expand their wealth and influence, growing richer and richer as the poor become poorer.In his original, post 9/11 book, John Perkins revealed how he was recruited as an economic hit man in the 1970s, and exposed the corrupt methods American corporations use to spread their influence in the developing world, cheating countries out of trillions of dollars. In this new, extensively updated edition he lays bare the latest, terrifying evolution of the economic hit man, and how the system has become even more entrenched and powerful than ever before.In New Confessions of an Economic Hit Man, John Perkins provides fresh and chilling evidence of how the corporatocracy has grown its influence to every corner of the globe, making us all unwitting slaves to their regime. But he also provides advice on how we can end our unconscious support of the system and its self-serving, lethal economy.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"Perkins has, once again, made a substantial contribution to a world that needs whistle-blowers to open its eyes to the true sources of political, social, and economic power" - Yanis Varoufakis"It comes from the heart. I highly recommend it." - Michael Brownstein"it’s all here in toe-curling detail' - GuardianTrade ReviewConfessions of an Economic Hit Man is a unique book, brave because it is personal. With unflinching honesty, John Perkins narrates his moral awakening and struggle to break free from the corrupt system of global domination he himself helped to create. This book possesses an immediacy which separates it from the numerous studies we already have of American Empire. It comes from the heart. I highly recommend it. -- Michael Brownstein, author of World on FireWhen I read Confessions of an Economic Hit Man, I could not have known that, some years later, I would be on the receiving end of the type of ‘economic hit’ that Perkins so vividly narrated ... Perkins has, once again, made a substantial contribution to a world that needs whistle-blowers to open its eyes to the true sources of political, social, and economic power -- Yanis Varoufakis, former Minister of Finance, GreeceMust reading for those that know another world is possible! Perkins' story, however, is less about individual guilt and more about the systemic programming and tempting of males in patriarchal societies and their global power elites. Perkins' revelations shock us and illuminate how these same incentives in academia keep reproducing the compartmentalized worldviews and sophisticated economic models rationalizing inequity, greed, egotism, competitive self-interest and global expansionism via GDP-growth and debt. * Hazel Henderson, author of Beyond Globalization and Building a Win-Win World *I was hazy on the precise details of how third world debt came about, but after reading Confessions of an Economic Hit Man I consider myself rather better informed. And a lot more dismayed… it’s all here in toe-curling detail * Guardian *

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Book SynopsisA New York Times Bestseller!2019 was the last great year for the world economy.For generations, everything has been getting faster, better, and cheaper. Finally, we reached the point that almost anything you could ever want could be sent to your home within days - even hours - of when you decided you wanted it.America made that happen, but now America has lost interest in keeping it going.Globe-spanning supply chains are only possible with the protection of the U.S. Navy. The American dollar underpins internationalized energy and financial markets. Complex, innovative industries were created to satisfy American consumers. American security policy forced warring nations to lay down their arms. Billions of people have been fed and educated as the American-led trade system spread across the globe.All of this was artificial. All this was temporary. All this is ending.In The End of the World is Just the Beginning, author and geopolitical strategist Peter Zeihan maps out the next world: a world where countries or regions will have no choice but to make their own goods, grow their own food, secure their own energy, fight their own battles, and do it all with populations that are both shrinking and aging.The list of countries that make it all work is smaller than you think. Which means everything about our interconnected world - from how we manufacture products, to how we grow food, to how we keep the lights on, to how we shuttle stuff about, to how we pay for it all - is about to change.A world ending. A world beginning. Zeihan brings readers along for an illuminating (and a bit terrifying) ride packed with foresight, wit, and his trademark irreverence. Trade Review“Peter Zeihan is the Nostradamus of the twenty-first century. Using geography as his analytical foundation, he’s able to explain why nations behave the way they do today, and predict with astounding accuracy how they’ll behave tomorrow. Nowhere will you find a more objective and logical examination of geopolitical currents. A masterful blend of economics, demographics, environmental factors, cultural propellers, and realpolitik. The world is changing, especially America’s role in it, and Peter navigates this journey with clarity, rigor, and wit. If your passion is politics, investing, energy, technology, international relations or just being interesting at parties, read Peter’s book.” — Jesse Watters “Peter Zeihan’s latest work projects a future that will challenge your assumptions on how the world works, what nations are best postured to prosper, and which are fragile. The world he envisions is fraught with danger as powers rise and ebb, but not without opportunity. A worthy read to flesh out your worldview.” — Major General Patrick Donahoe, commanding general, U.S. Army Maneuver Center of Excellence “I’ve never been so upbeat about the end of the world. Deeply researched, powerfully argued, and well written. Zeihan stitches together insights from economic geography, demography, and history to give us an original yet intuitive theory of geopolitics.” — Ian Bremmer, president of Eurasia Group “From time to time, we hear how ‘everything is going to change.’ None of us ever believe it. Now I do.” — Bill Owens, former governor of Colorado “Peter Zeihan has done it again! The End of the World Is Just the Beginning offers a glimpse of the future by looking to the past. The geopolitics and demography that gave us our ‘perfect moment’ in history is passing. What is in store for us and generations to come? Move Zeihan’s latest to the top of your stack and find out.” — Jack Carr, former Navy SEAL sniper and number one New York Times bestselling author of In the Blood “I found Peter Zeihan’s description of the future to be both plausible and provocative. Regardless of the details of how the next decades unfold, Zeihan’s book convinced me that it is at our own peril that we assume the future will look just like the present. Now more than ever, all our children—regardless of race—need to be equipped with a portable and flexible skill set that will enable them to adapt to circumstances and opportunities that we can’t even imagine right now.” — Robert L. Woodson Sr., founder and president of the Woodson Center, 1776 Unites, Voices of Black Mothers United

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewExcellent, important, disarmingly down to earth . . . they seek to shed much-needed light upon the distortions that bad economics bring to public debates while methodically deconstructing their false assumptions. * Observer *Not all economists wear ties and think like bankers. In their wonderfully refreshing book, Banerjee and Duflo delve into impressive areas of new research questioning conventional views about issues ranging from trade to top income taxation and mobility, and offer their own powerful vision of how we can grapple with them. A must-read. -- Thomas Piketty, author of Capital in the Twenty-First CenturyCompelling, useful, relevant ... Banerjee and Duflo use extensive data to zoom out and show us a wider view of these human dynamics -- Bill GatesExcellent ... Few have grappled as energetically with the complexity of real life as Esther Duflo and Abhijit Banerjee, or got their boots as dirty in the process ... Readers will be captivated * The Economist *A canard-slaying, unconventional take on economics ... invigorating ... a treasure trove of facts and findings about the biggest economic issues of the day * The Times *A magnificent achievement, and the perfect book for our time. Banerjee and Duflo brilliantly illuminate the largest issues of the day, including immigration, trade, climate change, and inequality. -- Cass R. Sunstein, author of How Change HappensBanerjee and Duflo are masters of this terrain . . . Their book is as stimulating as it gets

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Book SynopsisVery Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, Inspiring We live today in an interconnected world in which ordinary people can became instant online celebrities to millions of fans thousands of miles away, in which religious leaders can influence billions globally, in which humans are altering the climate and environment, in which new infectious diseases spread across continents at lightning speed, and in which complex social forces are increasingly impacted by digital technology. This is globalization.In the sixth edition of his bestselling Very Short Introduction, Manfred B. Steger offers concise definitions of pertinent key terms and concepts. He provides an accessible overview of the long history of globalization followed by an examination of its major dimensions: economic, political, cultural, ideological, and ecological. He also engages the hotly contested question of whether it is, ultimately, a good or a bad thing. From climate change to the COVID-19 pandemic, resurgent nationalism to global social media, trade wars to China''s growing global profile, Russia''s expansionism to renewed fears of nuclear conflicts, he explores today''s unprecedented levels of planetary integration and disruption. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of ContentsList of illustrationsList of mapsList of figuresList of abbreviationsPreface to the sixth edition 1: What is globalization? 2: Globalization in history 3: The economic & technological dimensions of globalization 4: The political dimension of globalization 5: The cultural dimension of globalization 6: The ecological dimension of globalization 7: Ideological confrontations over globalization 8: Present and future trendsReferences and further readingIndex

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Book SynopsisWe see the signs around us every day: the chain cafés and mobile phone outlets that dominate our high streets; the disappearance of knobbly carrots from our supermarket shelves; and the headlines about yet another traditional industry going to the wall. For the first time, here is a book that makes the connection between these isolated, incremental local changes and the bigger picture of a nation whose identity is being eroded. As he travels around the country meeting farmers, fishermen and the inhabitants of Chinatown, Paul Kingsnorth reports on the kind of conversations that are taking place in country pubs and corner shops across the land - while reminding us that these quintessentially English institutions may soon cease to exist.Trade ReviewMagnificent: one of the most important books I have read in a long time. Revealing, stirring and brilliantly written, it should be read by everyone in England -- Zac Goldsmith, Director, THE ECOLOGIST

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Book Synopsis*The International Bestseller*''Superb, hugely enjoyable ... a spirited examination of the hubris and hypocrisy of the super-rich who claim they are helping the world'' Aditya Chakrabortty, GuardianWhat explains the spreading backlash against the global elite? In this revelatory investigation, Anand Giridharadas takes us into the inner sanctums of a new gilded age, showing how the elite follow a ''win-win'' logic, fighting for equality and justice any way they can - except ways that threaten their position at the top. But why should our gravest problems be solved by consultancies, technology companies and corporate-sponsored charities instead of public institutions and elected officials? Why should we rely on scraps from the winners? Trenchant and gripping, this is an indispensable guide and call to action for elites and citizens alike.Trade ReviewA splendid polemic. . . Giridharadas writes brilliantly on the parasitic philanthropy industry * Economist *Trenchant, provocative and well-researched. . . Read it and beware -- Martha Lane Fox * Financial Times Books of the Year *Hugely enjoyable. . . A spirited examination of the hypocrisy of the super-rich who claim they are helping the world -- Aditya Chakrabortty * Guardian *Entertaining and gripping . . . For those at the helm, the philanthropic plutocrats and aspiring "change agents" who believe they are helping but are actually making things worse, it's time for a reckoning with their role in this spiraling dilemma -- Joseph Stiglitz * New York Times Book Review *Giridharadas isn't afraid to speak his mind, even if it means taking down some of the most powerful people on the planet. . . He has started a movement with this scathing critique of a society that rewards monopolistic models, faux philanthropy and protects the interests of a wealthy few -- Tabitha Goldstaub * Forbes *A fierce book. . . What gives Giridharadas's heartfelt critique such force is that he is a heretic, someone chosen for the equivalent of the priesthood in the new religion of philanthropy who had a revelation and decided to renounce the faith -- Iain Martin * The Times *

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Book SynopsisOne of the greatest, most radical public thinkers of our time' ARUNDHATI ROY Discover the essential guide to Chomsky and his brilliant ideas on the global state of affairsAn extraordinary collection of Chomsky''s speeches and his interviews with David Barsamian, edited by Arthur Naiman. With exceptional clarity and power of argument, Noam Chomsky lays bare as no one else can the realities of contemporary geopolitics.Including classic essays such as:* What Uncle Sam Really Wants* The Prosperous Few and the Restless Many* Secrets, Lies and Democracy* The Common GoodTrade ReviewThe world's greatest public intellectual * Observer *One of the finest minds of the twentieth century * The New Yorker *When the sun sets on the American empire, as it will, as it must, Noam Chomsky's work will survive -- Arundhati RoyA rebel without a pause -- Bono

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Book SynopsisCo-authored by two leading voices in the struggle to liberate Palestine, a clear-sighted and essential analysis of the political context around this region at a desperate impasseFrom the targeting of schools and hospitals, to the indiscriminate use of white phosphorus, Israel''s conduct in ''Operation Cast Lead'' has rattled even some of its most strident supporters. In Gaza in Crisis, Noam Chomsky and Ilan Pappé survey the fallout from that devastation, and place the massacre in Gaza in the context of Israel''s long-standing war against the Palestinians. It is a rigorous, historically informed and much-needed analysis of the situation and will be welcomed by all those eager for Chomsky''s and Pappé''s insights into yet another political catastrophe. ''Noam Chomsky is a global phenomenon . . . he may be the most widely read American voice on foreign policy on the planet today'' The New York Times Book Review ''Ilan Pappé is Israel''s bravest, most principled, most incisive historian'' John PilgerTrade ReviewA wonderfully accessible primer * Independent *This sober and unflinching analysis should be read and reckoned with by anyone concerned with practicable change in the long-suffering region * Publishers Weekly *Chomsky has an authority granted by brilliance * Sunday Times *Noam Chomsky is a global phenomenon . . . he may be the most widely read American voice on foreign policy on the planet today * The New York Times Book Review *

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Book SynopsisTHE NEW YORK TIMES, USA TODAY, AND WALL STREET JOURNAL BESTSELLER "Kai-Fu Lee believes China will be the next tech-innovation superpower and in AI Superpowers: China, Silicon Valley, and the New World Order, he explains why.Trade ReviewA New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and USA Today Bestseller! Featured on CBS 60 Minutes Kai-Fu Lee named a Wired Icon, as part of Wired Magazine's 25th Anniversary Feature Publishers Weekly Fall 2018 Top 10 in Business & Economics Featured in the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post, Wired, Financial Times, Bloomberg Businessweek, Business Insider, Forbes, and more. "After thirty years of pioneering work in artificial intelligence at Google China, Microsoft, Apple and other companies, Lee says he’s figured out the blueprint for humans to thrive in the coming decade of massive technological disruption: 'Let us choose to let machines be machines, and let humans be humans.'"—Forbes "Provocative."—Fortune "Kai-Fu Lee believes China will be the next tech-innovation superpower and in his new (and first) book, AI Superpowers: China, Silicon Valley, and the New World Order, he explains why. Taiwan-born Lee is perfectly positioned for the task."—New York Magazine "Both a provocative and readable distillation of the conventional wisdom on AI supremacy, as well as a challenge to it."—Financial Times "AI Superpowers: China, Silicon Valley, and the New World Order, by Kai-Fu Lee, about the ways that artificial intelligence is reshaping the world and the economic upheaval new technology will generate. We need to start thinking now about how to address these gigantic changes."—Senator Mark Warner, when asked about the best book he's read all year, Politico “Kai-Fu Lee's smart analysis on human-AI coexistence is clear-eyed and a must-read. We must look deep within ourselves for the values and wisdom to guide AI's development.” —Satya Nadella, CEO, Microsoft “In his brilliant book, Kai-Fu Lee applies his superpowers to predicting the disruptive shifts that will define the AI-powered future and proposes a revolutionary social contract that forges a new synergy between AI and the human heart.” —Marc Benioff, Chairman & CEO Salesforce “AI is surpassing human intelligence in more and more domains, transforming the planet. Kai-Fu Lee has been at the epicentre of the AI revolution for thirty years and has now written the definitive guide.” —Erik Brynjolfsson, professor, MIT, bestselling co-author of The Second Machine Age and Machine, Platform, Crowd “Kai-Fu Lee is at the forefront of the coming AI revolution, helping us transcend the limitations of thought, reach, and vision. This seminal book on AI is a must read for anyone serious about understanding the future of our species.” —Peter Diamandis, Executive Founder, Singularity University; bestselling author of Abundance and BOLD. “Truly one of the wisest and most surprising takes on AI. Kai-Fu Lee connects it with humans in a logical yet inspiring way. You’ll find this book illuminating and exciting in equal measure.” —Chris Anderson, Head of TED “In this riveting page-turner, one of the founding fathers of China’s AI industry tells the inside story of China’a rise as an AI superpower, and shares his inspiring recipe for us flourishing rather than floundering with AI.” —Prof. Max Tegmark, professor, MIT and bestselling author of Life 3.0: Being —

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Book SynopsisThe era of hyperglobalization once hailed as the 'end of history' was characterised by boundless capitalist expansion. The neoliberal revolution gave rise to a politics of scale aimed at the centralization and unification of states and state systems: the replacement of national with global governance or, in Europe, of the nation-state with a supranational superstate, the European Union. The 'New World Order' proclaimed by the United States in the wake of the Soviet collapse proved to be ungovernable by democratic means. Instead, it was ruled through a combination of technocracy and mercatocracy, failing spectacularly to provide for political stability, social legitimacy and international peace. Marked by a series of economic and institutional crises, hyperglobalization gave rise to various kinds of political countermovements that rebelled against and ultimately stopped the upward transfer of state authority in its tracks. This book analyses the ongoing t

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Book SynopsisGlobal war on the human brain.   Throughout the world, mental capacity is declining, especially among young people, while depression rates are rising dramatically. Meanwhile, one in forty men and women suffers from Alzheimer's, and the age of onset is falling rapidly. But the causes are not being eliminated, quite the opposite. Can this just be coincidence?  The Indoctrinated Brain introduces a largely unknown, powerful neurobiological mechanism whose externally induced dysfunction underlies these catastrophic developments.   PD Dr. Michael Nehls, medical doctor and internationally renowned molecular geneticist, lays out a shattering chain of circumstantial evidence indicating that behind these numerous negative influences lies a targeted, masterfully executed attack on our individuality. He points out how the raging wars against viruses, climate change, or over national borders are—more likely intended than not

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Book SynopsisThis book charts the fall of productivity growth and the rise of inequality within global economies and societies. Set out through a series of economic models, the impact of falling rates of productivity growth, particularly in the USA, are examined in relation to lowering interest rates, the lifting of the stock market, and an increasingly unequal distribution of wealth. The economic impact of COVID-19, including the increased tendency to work from home and renewed public debt pressures, are contextualised within broader issues of wage suppression and discontent within the labor force to highlight how average workers have been left behind. The rise of China and the geopolitical tensions that it has created is also discussed.This book sets out the macro and microeconomic innovations that can create a revival in productivity growth in the coming years. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in global economic trends and the political economy.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. The slowdown and real interest rates.- 3. The slowdown and asset prices.- 4. The slowdown and the share of profits.- 5. The slowdown in the data.- 6. Losing ground to China and other countries.- 7. The pandemic and its aftermath.- 8. Growth to the Rescue.

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Book SynopsisWINNER OF THE PEN HESSELL-TILTMAN PRIZE 2023Shortlisted for the Orwell Prize for Political WritingLonglisted for the British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural UnderstandingA Guardian Book of the Year'Brilliantly arranged and rich with fresh insights' Akala'A radical, beautifully written understanding of our history' Owen Jones'You can't understand how Britain works today without reading it' Frankie Boyle'A challenge to a nation living in the shadow of empire: reckon with your imperial past, or it will come back to bite you' Grace Blakeley'This book should be part of the national curriculum' Ellie Mae O'HaganBritain didn't just put the empire back the way it had found it.Uncommon Wealth is the little known and shocking history of how Britain treated its former non-white colonies after the end of empire. It is the story of how an interconnected group of British capitalists enabled horrific inequality across the globe, profiting in colonial Africa, Asia and the Caribbean. However, the greed unleashed in this era would boomerang, now leaving many ordinary Britons wondering where their own prosperity has gone. Ranging from Jamaica to Singapore, Ghana to Britain, this is a blistering account of how buried decisions of decades past are ravaging Britain today.Trade ReviewBrilliantly arranged and rich with fresh insights, Uncommon Wealth reminds us how the forgotten stories of empire and decolonisation continue to impact our daily lives in Britain - and throughout the world - up to today. -- AkalaA radical, beautifully written understanding of our history - ingeniously placing Britain's recent tumult into context -- Owen JonesYou can't understand how Britain works today without reading it -- Frankie BoyleUnflinching and lucidly written, Uncommon Wealth challenges everything you thought you knew about the British Empire and its legacy. This book should be part of the national curriculum -- Ellie Mae O'HaganA challenge to a nation living in the shadow of empire: reckon with your imperial past, or it will come back to bite you . . . Stirring, rigorous and readable -- Grace BlakeleyCompelling and masterful . . . Perfectly timed for a moment when more are recognizing that the past is not past, the legacies of empire are profound, and another world is possible -- Samuel Moyn, Yale UniversityBrilliant, illuminating, often surprising and shocking, Kojo Koram's careful and sensitive telling of the stories that so many of us do not know is a masterpiece -- Danny Dorling, University of OxfordAn ambitious blend of history, memoir and current affairs - Koram's superb and combative account shows how Britain's near-past can explain its present predicament. A fascinating account of the British Empire written with an exciting blend of passion and scholarship -- David DabydeenUncommon Wealth brilliantly exposes the imperial origins of much of Britain's contemporary crisis. Koram shows how the empire ordered overseas a structure of law, property, economic institutions and citizenship, which came home -- Professor Richard Drayton, KCLBy carefully dissecting the economic legacy of the British Empire, Koram has exposed some troubling home truths about the causes and effects of the very unequal world in which we live. A fascinating history, Koram's unique perspective sheds new light on an old problem -- Robert VerkaikA superb and vivid account of the ideas, laws and economic instruments that bind contemporary Britain to its long colonial history -- Will Davies, Professor of Political Economy, GoldsmithsFantastic. Koram clearly and informatively details the links between the economic dependency imposed on Britain's former colonies after decolonisation and the crisis that 'Global Britain' now finds itself facing -- Quinn Slobodian, author of GlobalistsA tour de force by one of the most brilliant young thinkers writing in Britain today . . . Urgent and relevant -- Oscar Guardiola-Rivera, author of What If Latin America Ruled the World?A bold and brazen account of the economic afterlives of the British Empire -- Imaobong Umoren, LSEA superb account of how Britain's present crisis is intimately intertwined with its imperial past . . . Empire shapes all our lives - whether we acknowledge it or not -- Katrina Forrester, Harvard UniversityWith lucidity, clarity and global sweep, Koram diagnoses the predicament of today's Britain . . . A vital read -- Sujit Sivasundaram, author of Waves Across the South, Winner of the British Academy Book Prize 2021A clear-eyed assessment of some of the British Empire's least acknowledged legacies - offshoring, outsourcing, the unchecked sovereignty of corporations - which are now reverberating back on Britain and shredding the social fabric of British life. In the Covid era, this is essential reading -- Christienna FryarExplores the ricocheting effects of colonialism in Britain, tracing the role of empire - and its disintegration - in the rise of contemporary austerity, inequality, poverty, brutality, corruption, and the cartoon sovereignty of Brexit -- New StatesmanUncommon Wealth makes a very powerful argument that today's privatization, outsourcing, and offshoring of finance to tax havens is a boomeranging back to the United Kingdom of policies first imposed on post-colonial nations -- David EdgertonRigorous, urgent and brilliantly written. This book lays bare the human cost - then and now - of Britain's colonial economic history and demands that we never forget it -- Vicky Spratt

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Book SynopsisThe Collins Cambridge IGCSE Global Perspectives series offers a skills-building approach to the Cambridge IGCSE and O Level Global Perspectives syllabuses (0457/2069) for examination from 2025. The resources support learners to develop skills and prepare for assessment, exploring global issues through international texts, data and case studies.This title has been endorsed by Cambridge Assessment International Education for the Cambridge IGCSE and O Level Global Perspectives syllabuses (0457/2069) for examination from 2025.This book provides full coverage of the syllabus.Communicate the excitement of Global Perspectives with the collaborative project in Section 1. Students to jump straight into researching an issue and coming up with practical suggestions for how they can improve wellbeing in their school.Take an active, enquiry-based and reiterative approach to skills development. Each investigation in Section 2 asks students to engage with a different global issue and builds skills th

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Book SynopsisLarry Schweikart has won wide acclaim for his number one New York Times bestseller, A Patriot’s History of the United States. Now, with A Patriot's History of Globalism, Schweikart shows that globalism, or the attempt to form a one-world government is nothing new. In the wake of Napoleon's defeat in 1814, the globalists of the day (mostly monarchs) sought to create a governing arrangement for Europe. Within forty years, three of the major participants were at war with each other. After World War I, they tried again at Versailles, this time even more aggressively changing boundaries of nations and moving populations. That attempt only lasted twenty years before another major war between the participants. Yet again, after World War II, globalists used the threat of the atomic bomb to try to form an international government with the United Nations. Most recently, the World Economic Forum and World Health Organization are attemp

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewThis is a fascinating and timely study of the far-flung sources of our food supply -- Jane Shilling * Daily Mail *After reading this you’ll never sit down to dinner without finding a trace of empire in your meal again * Strong Words *A wholly pleasing book, which offers a tasty side dish to anyone exploring the narrative history of the British Empire -- Max Hastings * Sunday Times *Revelatory... Original, thought-provoking and highly entertaining -- Daisy Goodwin * The Times *Dazzling… This book’s treatment of food in the empire is innovative and exciting… A remarkable achievement * Guardian *

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Book SynopsisOccupy gives Noam Chomsky''s thoughts on a movement which swept the world ''Occupy is the first major public response to thirty years of class war.''Since its appearance in Zuccotti Park, New York, in September 2011, the Occupy movement has spread to hundreds of towns and cities across the world. No longer occupying small tent camps, the movement now occupies the global conscience as its messages spread from street protests to op-ed pages to the highest seats of power. From the movement''s onset, Noam Chomsky has supported its critique of corporate corruption and encouraged its efforts to increase civic participation, economic equality, democracy and freedom. Through talks and conversations with movement supporters, Occupy presents Chomsky''s latest thinking on the central issues, questions and demands that are driving ordinary people to protest. How did we get to this point? How are the wealthiest 1% influencing the lives of the o

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Book SynopsisA leading economic historian presents a new history of financial crises, showing how some led to greater globalization while others kept nations apartTrade Review“[A] fascinating book. . . . James’s surprising conclusion is that supply shocks promote globalisation, while demand shocks inhibit it.”—Martin Wolf, Financial Times, “Best Books of 2023—Economics”“A very enjoyable new book . . . applies the lens of whether each the seven advanced or set back the process of globalization to crises ranging from famines and blights in the 1840s via wars and depressions, commodity price hikes in the 1970s, the GFC and the Covid lockdowns and Russian invasion of Ukraine. . . . Masterly concise essays.”—Diane Coyle, Enlightened Economist (blog)“James’ analysis is persuasive, and his book offers an illuminating history of how our world became so globalized.”—Mark Buchanan, Nature“Seven Crashes . . . offer(s) necessary and sober updates to the literature on financial crises.”—Rémi Meehan, International Affairs“Seven Crashes . . . sheds light on our most recent period of economic uncertainty.”— Kyle Scott, LSE Review of Booksshortlisted for the Lionel Gelber Prize, sponsored by the Munk Centre for International Studies “An audacious historical interpretation of how global mega-shocks have driven globalization cycles over the last two centuries. Anyone hoping to forecast the future of the world economy should read it.”—Maurice Obstfeld, Class of 1958 Professor of Economics, University of California, Berkeley“Those who cherish economics will be fascinated by Harold James’s exploration of financial crises, and the ways in which they have validated the views of those economists who saw them coming.”—Edmund Phelps, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences and director of the Center on Capitalism and Society, Columbia University“A brilliant book—James shows how economists often draw the wrong lessons from the past and why globalization is unlikely to vanish in the wake of the Covid-19 crisis.”—Odd Arne Westad, author of The Cold War: A World History“James’s masterful account sheds new light on how globalization has been shaped by economic crises since the nineteenth century and deepens our understanding of globalization’s opportunities and its challenges.”—Linda Yueh, author of The Great Crashes: Lessons from Global Meltdowns and How to Prevent Them“If you are looking for a book that puts the economic fallout from the Covid-19 pandemic into historical context and considers what it means for the economy’s future, this is it.”—Mark Zandi, author of Paying the Price: Ending the Great Recession and Ensuring a New American Century

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Book Synopsis''A compelling warning ... It is hard to disagree with this advice from such a well-informed friend of the west'' Martin Wolf, Financial TimesThe West''s two-century epoch as global powerhouse is at an end. A new world order, with China and India as the strongest economies, dawns. How will the West react to its new status of superpower in decline? In Kishore Mahbubani''s timely polemic, he argues passionately that the West can no longer presume to impose its ideology on the world, and crucially, that it must stop seeking to intervene, politically and militarily, in the affairs of other nations. He examines the West''s greatest follies of recent times: the humiliation of Russia at the end of the Cold War, which led to the rise of Putin, and the invasion of Iraq after 9/11, which destabilised the Middle East. Yet, he argues, essential to future world peace are the Western constructs of democracy and reason, which it must continue to promote, Trade ReviewA compelling warning ... It is hard to disagree with this advice from such a well-informed friend of the west -- Martin Wolf * Financial Times *Sometimes you need a shock to wake you up. Has the West Lost it? (2018) is such a shock. The sheer concentrated force of this 91-page essay [...] is as unrelenting as it is astonishing . . . It's time we listened to Mahbubani. -- Richard Horton * The Lancet *We should all think of it as the cold shower that is urgently needed to revive the West -- Fareed Zakaria, author of 'The Post-American World'It's a powerful, disputatious book . . . It's not comfortable reading, and it wasn't meant to be -- Paul Kennedy, Director of International Security Studies and Professor of History at Yale UniversityKishore Mahbubani brings unrivaled experience and insight into strategizing where the West goes from here. A book that truly speaks to our tumultuous times -- Ian Bremmer, President of Eurasia GroupIn the longer view, America's - and before that Europe's - dominance may come to be seen as a short aberration and the rise of China and other Asian nations as simply a reversion to the natural order of things. That at least is the key point of a provocatively titled book, Has the West Lost It?, by Kishore Mahbubani, a Singaporean academic and former diplomat. As many in America and Europe contemplate the dramatic changes to their world in the past few years, it's been getting a lot of attention. -- Gerard Baker * The Times *

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Book SynopsisWhat is the connection between globalization and social movements? How have people collectively responded to globalization’s economic, political, and cultural manifestations and challenges? And how are contemporary social movements and networks affecting the progression of globalization? This clear and concise book answers these questions by examining social movements and transnational networks in the context of globalization in all its forms—economic, political, cultural, and technological alike. Deftly combining nuanced theory with rich empirical examples, leading scholar Valentine M. Moghadam provides four in-depth case studies: global feminism and transnational feminist networks; global Islamism ranging from parliamentary to extremist; the global justice movement and the World Social Forum; and varieties and gender dynamics of populisms. In a new chapter, she draws attention to the emergence and growth of right-wing populist movements, political parties, and governments, not only in Europe but in the Global South as well. Defining globalization as a complex process in which the movement of capital, peoples, organizations, movements, and ideas takes on an increasingly international form, the author shows how growing physical and electronic mobility has helped to create dynamic global social movements. Exploring the historical roots of Islamism, feminism, global justice, and populism, Moghadam also shows how these movements have been stimulated by relatively recent globalization processes. She reveals their similarities and differences, internal differentiation, relationship to globalization and states, and the opportunities and challenges that the movements face. Assessing the extent to which the movements contribute to democracy, or—conversely—endanger it, she considers prospects for a renewed and more robust form of democracy. Informed by feminist, world-systems, world polity, and social movement theories in a seamlessly integrated framework, her work will be essential reading for all students of globalization.

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Book SynopsisThe fully updated fourth edition of this lively and accessible book argues for the central role of media in understanding and shaping globalization. By breaking down the economic, cultural, and political impact of media, and through a rich set of case studies, Jack Lule describes a divided global village, its destiny shaped by strife.

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Book SynopsisJoseph Nye coined the term "soft power" in the late 1980s. It is now used frequently,and often incorrectly,by political leaders, editorial writers, and academics around the world. So what is soft power? Soft power lies in the ability to attract and persuade. Whereas hard power,the ability to coerce,grows out of a country's military or economic might, soft power arises from the attractiveness of a country's culture, political ideals, and policies. Hard power remains crucial in a world of states trying to guard their independence and of non-state groups willing to turn to violence. It forms the core of the Bush administration's new national security strategy. But according to Nye, the neo-conservatives who advise the president are making a major miscalculation: They focus too heavily on using America's military power to force other nations to do our will, and they pay too little heed to our soft power. It is soft power that will help prevent terrorists from recruiting supporters from among the moderate majority. And it is soft power that will help us deal with critical global issues that require multilateral cooperation among states. That is why it is so essential that America better understands and applies our soft power. This book is our guide.Trade Review"One of America's foremost experts on foreign policy delivers his "indispensable" guide to reshaping America's role in the world (Publishers Weekly)"

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Book SynopsisSelected as one of LitHub's 38 Favorite Books of 2022Finalist for the 2022 Big Other Book Award for NonfictionIn this uncompromising essay, Jonathan Crary presents the obvious but unsayable reality: our 'digital age' is synonymous with the disastrous terminal stage of global capitalism and its financialization of social existence, mass impoverishment, ecocide, and military terror. Scorched Earth surveys the wrecking of a living world by the internet complex and its devastation of communities and their capacities for mutual support. This polemic by the author of 24/7 dismantles the presumption that social media could be instruments of radical change and contends that the networks and platforms of transnational corporations are intrinsically incompatible with a habitable earth or with the human interdependence needed to build egalitarian post-capitalist forms of life.Trade ReviewAt last a book about the urgency to find a way out from a system that has crossed a threshold of irreparability and toxicity. A book that is simultaneously desperate and refreshing. -- Franco "Bifo" BerardiFollowing on 24/7: Late Capitalism and the Ends of Sleep, Jonathan Crary here confirms his position as our most ruthless critic of all that exists. With a hammer of critical theory, he smashes the golden calf around which our lives revolve: the very internet itself. His sentences come packed with urgent truths long felt but only now articulated with the force they deserve. His clear-sightedness is the gift of prophets. -- Andreas MalmA passionate denunciation of the destructive character of capitalist technology, built on evidence drawn from every corner of the world, Scorched Earth is a major contribution to the reclaiming of our radical imagination and the creation of a new internationalism. -- Silvia FedericiIn an era in which there is an overarching prohibition on wishes other than those linked to individual acquisition, accumulation, and power, Crary's book resonates for his refusal to accept the idea that this is how we must live our lives. -- Alexandre Leskanich * Political Quarterly *Scorched Earth presents a piercing critique of Western techno-consumer culture and the innumerable digital landscapes now created by the internet...Crary's essay comes at a critical juncture in understanding the effects and consequences in continuing to entertain the fantasies of 24/7 capitalism. -- Henry Powell * Theory, Culture, and Society *Crary wants to jar people out of the widespread faith that because we've grown accustomed to the internet, and because we've allowed it to infiltrate nearly every hour of our lives, and because it may be hard to imagine a future without the internet, therefore the internet should and will endure...thought-provoking and sobering. -- Bart Hawkins Kreps * Resilience *And as easily as man uses the advances of technology for the good of humanity, he has at the same time created a technological arsenal in the service of a toxic capitalist grid that breeds wars, as Jonathan Crary states in his book Scorched Earth. * The Art Newspaper *Scorched Earth by Jonathan Crary, has a multiple-entendre title - he's describing what the internet is doing to society, he's describing what capitalism's long trajectory is doing to the Earth, and he's writing in a style that can only be characterized as a scorched-earth approach to the platitudes that dominate our contemporary lives...Rarely do authors address our common predicament with the fine-tuned anger and precise rhetorical scalpel of a skilled surgeon working on the body politic. -- Chris Carlsson * The Fabulist *One could say that Crary's latest book is 'punk theory' because of the radically refreshing and absolutely necessary challenges that he brings to the table. More than ever in these days of compounding eco-social crises, we need the punkiest of critical attitudes, and Crary's essays are an excellent place to find that energy. -- Miguel Sebastián-Martín * Oxonian Review *Brilliant -- Eric Bulson * Times Literary Supplement *Explosive...a polemic crackling with anger and commitment...inspired -- Marcus Verhagen * Art Monthly *Excellent. -- Helena Granström * Expressen, Books of the Year *[Scorched Earth] will do nothing to cessate any Black Mirror-style creeping anxieties you have that everything is going horribly wrong. -- Tim Gallagher * Euronews, Best of Literature 2022 *Crary convincingly outlines that the globalization of scorched earth capitalism has defaced the world and its inhabitants on a massive scale...Given the intensifying strain that global capitalism in its material and digital forms is putting on our selves, our communities, and our world, the just, compassionate, and direct vision of the future that Crary presents in Scorched Earth is one that demands our consideration. -- Owen Schalk * Canadian Dimension *Notable book, 2022 * Seminary Co-op *With Scorched Earth, the distinguished cultural critic continues his vivisection of capitalism; the result is a brilliant, searing critique of the growing dominance of the internet, and especially social media, over all aspects of private and civic life. -- Rod Barnett * Places Journal *Scorched Earth is perhaps the first successful attempt at a vision of what a post-internet society might be like - a position [Crary] arrives at through a merciless critique of our hyperconnected world, and an analysis of how the internet complex has reshaped our perception of time, space, and individual agency. * Real Review *

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Book SynopsisChina dominates manufacturing and is the world''s largest retail market, but for companies outside of China, finding ways to do business in the country is increasingly uncertain in the face of rising US-China tension, combined with China''s crackdowns on the tech and education sectors. Shaun Rein runs the China Market Research Group and has spent his career helping multinationals understand where the opportunities are in China. An American who''s lived in Shanghai for 25 years, he has long been one of the biggest China bulls. He now argues that while China is not a must-go destination for all companies and investors, there are still many non-politically sensitive sectors where long-term opportunities can be sought.The Splitanalysis the geo-political split between the US and China, China''s sharp turn towards socialism and how this will cut into fat margins in many sectors. It explains why corporations in sectors such as semiconductors and AI should stay clear of China and relocate to other countries like Vietnam, India and Mexico. Yet principally, Rein makes the case that that fears about China''s shift are far overblown and that for most sectors it should remain the main growth driver for even the largest companies. Expert insights into China''s national policy reforms, its rising middle class seeking to save and invest, and their focus on health and wellness, will inform the international strategic decisions for companies around the world in sectors such as finance, consumer goods and auto. China will soon eclipse the United States as the world''s largest economy and companies will lose out if they do not know how to invest in China properly. No company has been able to get into China for 3 years. Shaun Rein hasn''t left. He''s therefore uniquely positioned to advise now that China is opening up again. The Splitpresents a unique and informed case for why the time is definitely now to capitalize on policy changes and trends in China that will support long-term opportunities for your business.

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Book SynopsisOffering an accessible introduction to both the historical roots and the contemporary dynamics of today's world economy, this seventh edition equips students with the knowledge required to make sense of the fast-paced discipline of the global political economy. Illustrating the breadth of the subject, the authors show how the national and the international interact, while also placing an emphasis on the historical evolution of the world economy in order to appreciate the nuances of today's economy structures. It gives students a firm grounding in both traditional and critical theories of global political economy.Tracing the global economy from its early origins through each phase of a shifting world order, the book takes a non-Eurocentric approach, covering both traditional elements of the global economy (such as trade and finance) while also addressing important contemporary areas of concern, including social inequality, cryptocurrencies, populism and protectionism.<

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Book SynopsisEdward Ashbee guides the reader through the intricate web of processes and forces of globalization that have shaped the world's politics and economics over the last 40 years. This is an invaluable overview of one of the most important phenomena of our age.

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Book SynopsisInternational trade has shaped the modern world. This book examines the successive waves of globalization and 'deglobalization' that have occurred during the past thousand years, looking at the technological and political causes behind these long-term trends.Trade Review"The excellent new book Power and Plenty explains why some countries are rich, and why others are not. [Recent books] all try to explain the biggest question of the modern world: why some [countries] are rich and other poor. Now, we have...Power and Plenty, a tome that combines the interpretive focus of the new school of explainers with the breadth and depth of the old narratives. They also put neoliberal economic theory to the historical test by asking what it would predict, and then contrasting those forecasts with history's actual path. Findlay and O'Rourke tell their tale exceptionally well."--Eric Rauchway, The New Republic "[A] splendidly ambitious new book...an excellent reference book for anyone wanting a better understanding of economic developments in the last millennium."--Economist "Aiming at nothing less than documenting the history of world trade over the last 1,000 years, Power and Plenty...appears to be required reading...for the purposes of better understanding how the world works."--Andrew Leonard, Salon.com "This new history of the last thousand years of world trade is remarkable in both its grand sweep and its scholarly depth. It pieces together the story of global commerce from the medieval spice traders and nomads of Central Asia to the discovery and incorporation of the New World, to the Industrial Revolution and the rise of Europe, and to the globalizing forces of the postwar world economy. One theme is the importance of the 'vast webs of interrelationships' between western Europe and other regions that, beginning in the medieval period, set the stage for modern economic growth. The other theme is the critical role of war in propelling economic change through upheaval and adaptation."--G. John Ikenberry, Foreign Affairs "Power and Plenty is a wide-ranging survey, both of the facts and of the literature, not an essay organized around a single thesis. It takes on, and treats seriously, a ton of material. Bearing that in mind, it is...engaging...well written, spiced with nuggets of fascinating information and dry wit. [Findlay and O'Rourke's] economics is sophisticated and mainstream...but enriched with an unusual attention to noneconomic factors--or, as the authors put it, 'a sustained emphasis on conflict, violence and geopolitics.'"--Clive Crook, Financial Times "[A] solid new book. Power and Plenty is an ambitious endeavor that examines the works in the second millennium in light of globalization, deglobalization, reglobalization, and globalization as we know it today. The book fills a gap by scrutinizing the technological and political causes behind the long-term trends during the past thousand years. [The authors] have drawn exhaustively on the historical, political, and economic literature of the relevant periods for virtually all the major regions in the world."--Wan Lixin, Shanghai Daily "In this magnificently conceived and executed work, Findlay and O'Rourke set out the history of global trade and show how it has been influenced by economic development and politics over the last thousand years. The authors have an important story to tell and they tell it superbly. This is a work brimming with scholarship, deftly combining narrative history with accessible economic analysis. This is a goldmine of a book. Open it where you will, there are nuggets to be extracted. It will remain the standard work on the history of world trade and indeed the development of the world economy for many years to come."--Frank Geary, Irish Times "This magisterial volume presents an analytical history of world trade from 1000 CE to the present, with informed speculation about future trends thrown in for good measure. It is a very considerable achievement, for which Findlay and O'Rourke deserve great praise."--M. Veseth, Choice "[T]he best book of its sort since David Landes' Wealth and Poverty of Nations."--David Warsh, Economic Principals "[T]his is a big, important work... The authors have mastered an incredibly voluminous literature ... and produced the only truly comprehensive history of trade in the second millennium... [T]his is a book that should be widely read."--David S. Jacks, World Trade Review "International trade has shaped the modern world, yet until now no single book has been available for both economists and general readers that traces the history of the international economy from its earliest beginnings to the present day. Power and Plenty fills this gap, providing the first full account of world trade and development over the course of the last millennium."--Wider Angle "This is a well researched volume which is simply delightful to read. In most of the topics about which I have some knowledge, I found the analyses and the judgments offered by the authors both balanced and insightful. I expect this book will remain the standard text for many years to come."--Sevket Pamuk, EH.Net "This is a huge enterprise, an illuminating work, a tour de force that successfully combines political and economic history of a thousand years... A major contribution to the history of and debates about globalization."--Ivan T. Berend, International History Review "Power and Plenty serves as an excellent one-volume survey on the role played by the interaction of economic and political forces in shaping the world economy of the last 1000 years. The book should be read by any serious student of world economic history, international trade, or international relations."--John T. Dalton, Southern Economic Journal "Power and Plenty ... with its depth and extensive coverage, makes an excellent reference work for the study world history and the history of world trade. It is a work of superb scholarship befitting the scholarly reputations of each of the co-authors, Findlay for his work in the theory of international trade and development and O'Rourke for his studies in economic history and globalization. This book will be widely read, cited, and discussed as a landmark volume on its subjects."--Stanley Engerman, New Global Studies "By adopting a broad view across such an expanse of both space and time, Findlay and O'Rourke are able to perceive patterns that few others have identified and bring a compelling new perspective to several historical and theoretical debates that benefit from a larger view."--Robert D. Fannion, Comparative Political Studies "Findlay and O'Rourke provide an impressive survey of 1000 years of trade and its interaction with geopolitics and political economy on a global scale that strives consciously to avoid a Eurocentric stance... [T]his is a compelling and valuable volume."--C. Knick Harley, Economic History Review "Almost anyone researching an aspect of the history of international trade will find this an excellent and stimulating starting point and will be aided by an impressive bibliography that includes many older classics as well as recent additions to the literature."--Simon Ville, International Journal of Maritime History "[T]his book is indispensible for scholars who seek answers to questions such as: How did the world economy evolve into its present form? What events shaped its current characteristics? What roles did trade play in shaping the modern world economy? Power and Plenty, an exemplary feat of scholarship, fully answers all these questions."--Farhad Rassekh, International Review of Economics & Finance "Power and Plenty is a fascinating book of both world history and economic history, full of detail on both accounts... These ancient intrigues in unfamiliar times and places make for fascinating reading and remind us of how little progress people have made in resisting imperialism throughout the ages. On a more serious note, the book also provides an excellent window into the continuing costs of imperialism."--Michael Perelman, Review of Radical Political Economics "[T]his book is a masterful synthesis of economic analysis and historical narrative. It demands quite a lot of its readers, however, as its more than 600 pages are packed with facts, conclusions and implications for economic development, never hesitating to elaborate on the complexities of international trade relations during the last millennium."--Erik Lindberg, Scandinavian Economic History ReviewTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xiii Preface xvi Chapter 1: Introduction: Geographical and Historical Background 1 Western Europe 4 Eastern Europe 11 North Africa and Southwest Asia: The Islamic World 15 Central (or Inner) Asia 24 South Asia 29 Southeast Asia 33 East Asia (China, Korea, and Japan) 37 Chapter 2: TheWorld Economy at the Turn of the First Millennium 43 The Golden Age of Islam 48 China: The Sung Economic Miracle 61 The Indian Ocean and Southeast Asian Trade 67 The Pirenne Thesis 71 Eastern Europe: The Viking Connection 73 The Economy ofWestern Europe 80 Chapter 3: World Trade 1000-1500: The Economic Consequences of Genghis Khan 87 Trade and War in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, 1000-1350 88 The Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, 1000-1350 98 The Pax Mongolica and Overland Trade, 1000-1350 101 Eurasia on the Eve of the Black Death 109 The Black Death 111 Trade between Western and Eastern Europe, 1350-1500 120 Overland Trade, 1350-1500: The Aftermath of the Pax Mongolica 124 The Emergence of Russia 126 The Middle East, the Mediterranean, and International Trade, 1350-1500 127 Southeast Asia and China, 1350-1500 133 Quantifying the Late Medieval Spice Trade 140 Chapter 4: World Trade 1500-1650: Old World Trade and New World Silver 143 Portugal, the Atlantic, and the Indian Ocean 145 Spain, Portugal, and the New World 158 The Pacific and East Asia 167 The Dutch Rise to Primacy in World Trade 175 Russia, Sweden, and the Baltic, 1500-1650 187 Southeast Asia during the Age of Commerce 194 The Cape Route, Venice, and the Middle East 204 Silver, Silk, and Spices 212 Chapter 5: World Trade 1650-1780: The Age of Mercantilism 227 Origins of the British Empire: Trade, Plunder, and Settlement 229 Mercantilism, Commercial Rivalry, and the Anglo-Dutch Wars 238 Britain, France, and the Dutch Republic 245 Britain and France: Commercial Expansion and the Second Hundred Years'War 247 India: The Disintegration of the Mughal Empire and the Transition to Colonial Rule 262 Southeast Asia and the End of the Age of Commerce 275 TheManchu Empire 284 China's Overseas Trade 286 Chinese and Russian Overland Trade 295 Conclusion 304 Chapter 6: Trade and the Industrial Revolution 311 Trade during the Industrial Revolution 324 Trade, Overseas Expansion, and the Industrial Revolution 330 Why Britain? Why Europe and Not Asia? 346 Conclusion 364 Chapter 7: World Trade 1780-1914: The Great Specialization 365 War and Revolution 366 The Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars: Short-Run Implications 369 The Revolutionary and NapoleonicWars: Long-Run Implications 371 The Industrial Revolution and Transportation Technology 378 Bulk Commodities and Heckscher-Ohlin Effects 383 Nineteenth-Century Imperialism 387 Nineteenth-Century Trade Policy 395 Commodity Market Integration, 1815-1914 402 Complementary Factor Flows and the Great Frontier 407 Trade and the Global Division of Labor 411 Trade, Tropical Frontiers, and the Great Divergence 414 The Terms of Trade 424 Conclusion 425 Chapter 8: World Trade 1914-39: Deglobalization 429 WorldWar I 429 The Aftermath of War 435 Interwar Commercial Policy 443 Transport Costs 455 The Volume of World Trade 458 Price Convergence and Divergence 461 The Great Depression, the Collapse of World Trade, and the Developing Countries 465 The Collapse of the Ottoman Empire 469 Conclusion 471 Chapter 9: Reglobalization: The Late Twentieth Century in Historical Perspective 473 World War II 473 Geopolitical Consequences: Communism, the Cold War, and Decolonization 476 The Gradual Reconstruction of the Atlantic Economy: 1950-70 489 Policy Divergence: 1945-80 493 Reglobalization: 1980-2000 496 International Transport Costs 501 Trends in Openness: Quantities and Prices 505 Unraveling the Great Specialization 512 Openness and Convergence in the Late Twentieth Century 515 Conclusion 525 Chapter 10: Globalization at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century 527 The Future of Globalization: Economic Challenges 534 The Future of Globalization: Political Challenges 539 Bibliography 547 Index 593

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Book SynopsisA timely and compelling argument for a revitalized and restructured global politicsTrade Review“An impressive new book.”—Tony Barber, Financial Times“The Lost Future made me once again realise that Jan Zielonka is not simply a brilliant writer, but he is also a very rare type of political thinker, responsible iconoclast, and a hopeful sceptic.”—Ivan Krastev, author of Is It Tomorrow Yet?“A clear-sighted and vibrant dissection of many of the problems that beset our modern world. But this is far more than an elegy for a bright future that we will never see. In the end Zielonka outlines a vision, at once tentative and compelling, for breaking out of the systems that constrain us to reclaim the possibility of a different fate.”—James Crawford, author of The Edge of the Plain: How Borders Make and Break Our World“Jan Zielonka has deftly and accessibly combined deep physical insights about space and time with an original and interesting diagnosis of the ills facing democracy and the opportunities offered by the networked world. The Lost Future offers provocative new ways of thinking about the present.”—Anne-Marie Slaughter, author of The Chessboard and the Web: Strategies of Connection in a Networked World

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Book SynopsisAn Evening Standard's Book of the Year'A tour de force.' David GoodhartAll over the West, party systems have shattered and governments have been thrown into turmoil. The embattled establishment claims that these populist insurgencies seek to overthrow liberal democracy. The truth is no less alarming but is more complex: Western democracies are being torn apart by a new class war.In this controversial and groundbreaking analysis, Michael Lind, one of America's leading thinkers, debunks the idea that the insurgencies are primarily the result of bigotry and reveals the real battle lines. He traces how the breakdown of class compromises has left large populations in Western democracies politically adrift. We live in a globalized world that benefits elites in high income 'hubs' while suppressing the economic and social interests of those in more traditional lower-wage 'heartlands'.A bold framework for understanding the world, The New Class War argues that only a fresh class settlement can avert a never-ending cycle of clashes between oligarchs and populists - and save democracy.Trade ReviewSharply argued... Lind's book offers a bracing, and at times brilliant, polemic. * Edward Luce, FT *Lind's diagnosis is sharp and insightful... an invaluable contribution to understanding the political currents of our times and placing them in a historical context. Long after we have stopped talking about Trump and Brexit, the challenges Lind identifies will define our debate. * The Times *[Lind's] primary thesis is correct, and his tome contains a myriad of powerful insights and brilliant vignettes. * Allister Heath, Daily Telegraph *Lind's argument is compelling and clear. * Sunday Times *The best analysis of populism I have yet read, including a brilliant put-down of the absurd idea that the Russians are destabilising our politics. * Evening Standard *A tour de force. In a pithy, but subtle, analysis of western politics Lind argues that populism is a reaction against a technocratic neoliberalism that has stripped non-college-educated workers of economic bargaining power, political influence and cultural dignity. * David Goodhart – bestselling author of The Road to Somewhere *Hard-hitting, compelling and ultimately convincing. A lot has been written about the current era of political turbulence, but a lot of this work misses the mark. If you want to beat the populists, start here. * Matthew Goodwin – Professor of Politics at the University of Kent *Does it seem to you that Western society is coming apart, in ways that you don't understand? If so, then you must read this book. Lind's insights are so profound that I found myself highlighting almost every paragraph. * Jonathan Haidt, bestselling author of The Righteous Mind *Vital reading. Michael Lind is one of America's great iconoclasts. * Roger Eatwell – Emeritus Professor of Politics at the University of Bath *A brave and timely book. Michael Lind has written an indispensable guide to our present political backdrop. By linking geography and class through the concepts of 'hubs and heartlands', he develops a generous understanding of the appeal of sovereignty and democratic politics to working class people who have been excluded from not only power, but participation in their national politics. * Maurice Glasman, founder of Blue Labour *Excellent... If you want to understand the political defeat of liberalism and the coming realignment in capitalist democracies read this book. * Jonathan Rutherford, emeritus professor of cultural studies at Middlesex University. *Table of Contents0: Introduction 1: The New Class War 2: Hubs and Heartlands 3: World Wars and New Deals 4: The Neoliberal Revolution from Above 5: The Populist Counterrevolution from Below 6: Russian Puppets and Nazis 7: The Workerless Paradise 8: Countervailing Power 9: Making the World Safe for Democratic Pluralism 10: Epilogue

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Book SynopsisPaul Krugman, the recipient of the 2008 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, taught at Princeton University for 14 years. In 2015, he joined the faculty of the Graduate Centre of the City University of New York, associated with the Luxembourg Income Study, which tracks and analyses income inequality around the world. In addition to his teaching and academic research, Krugman writes extensively for non-technical audiences and is a regular op-ed columnist for the New York Times. Maurice Obstfeld is the Class of 1958 Professor of Economics at UC Berkeley. He joined Berkeley in 1989 as a Professor, following appointments at Columbia (1979-1986) and the University of Pennsylvania (1986-1989). He was also a visiting Professor at Harvard between 1989 and 1991. From 2014 to 2015 he was a member of President Obama's Council of Economic Advisers, and from 2015 to 2018 served as Chief Economist at the International Monetary Fund.Table of ContentsIntroduction PART ONE: INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY World Trade: An Overview Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Specific Factors and Income Distribution Resources and Trade: The Heckscher-Ohlin Model The Standard Trade Model External Economies of Scale and the International Location of Production Firms in the Global Economy: Export Decisions, Outsourcing, and Multinational Enterprises PART TWO: INTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICY The Instruments of Trade Policy The Political Economy of Trade Policy Trade Policy in Developing Countries Controversies in Trade Policy PART THREE: EXCHANGE RATES AND OPEN-ECONOMY MACROECONOMICS National Income Accounting and the Balance of Payments Exchange Rates and the Foreign Exchange Market: An Asset Approach Money, Interest Rates, and Exchange Rates Price Levels and the Exchange Rate in the Long Run Output and the Exchange Rate in the Short Run Fixed Exchange Rates and Foreign Exchange Intervention PART FOUR: INTERNATIONAL MACROECONOMIC POLICY International Monetary Systems: A Historical Overview Financial Globalization: Opportunity and Crisis Optimum Currency Areas and the Euro Developing Countries: Growth, Crisis, and Reform

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Book SynopsisExodus is an insightful, expert foray into the explosive issue of immigration, from Paul Collier, award-winning economist and author of The Bottom BillionMass international migration is a response to extreme global inequality, and immigration has a profound impact on the way we live. Yet our views - and those of our politicians - remain caught between two extremes: popular hostility to migrants, tinged by xenophobia and racism; and the view of business and liberal elites that ''open doors'' are both economically and ethically imperative. With migration set to accelerate, few issues are so urgently in need of dispassionate analysis - and few are more incendiary.Here, world-renowned economist Paul Collier seeks to defuse this explosive subject. Exodus looks at how people from the world''s poorest societies struggle to migrate to the rich West: the effects on those left behind and on the host societies, and explores the impulses and thinking that inTrade ReviewExodus is an important book and one I have been waiting to read for many years ... [it is] a work that is humane and hard-headed about one of the greatest issues of our times -- David Goodhart * Sunday Times *Paul Collier is one of the world's most thoughtful economists. His books consistently illuminate and provoke. Exodus is no exception * The Economist *Tinged with poignancy ... a humane and sensible voice in a highly toxic debate -- Colin Kidd * Guardian *Paul Collier's new book on international migration is magisterial. It offers a sophisticated, comprehensive, incisive, multidisciplinary, well-written balance sheet of the pros and cons of immigration for receiving societies, sending societies, and migrants themselves. For everyone on all sides of this contentious issue, Exodus is a "must-read" -- Robert D. Putnam, Professor of Public Policy, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University[Praise for Paul Collier's The Plundered Planet]: A must-read * Sunday Times *A path-breaking book -- George Soros

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Book SynopsisExplores the promise and limitations of competitive market dynamics, looking at the threats to competition--cartels, agreements, monopolies, and mergers--and the laws in place across the US and European Union to safeguard the process of competition.Trade ReviewThe book's pocket-size format, informative contents page and chapter headings, and useful references and index sections, as well as clear sub-headings and illustrative diagrams, all help busy readers find what they need quickly. * David Glass, Law Society Gazette *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1: The Power of Competition 2: Markets 3: The goals and scope of competition and antitrust laws 4: What is the optimal level of enforcement? 5: The legal framework 6: Who enforces the law? 7: The fight against cartels 8: Horizontal and vertical agreements 9: Monopolies and the abuse of market power 10: Mergers and acquisitions 11: The international dimension Further Reading References Index

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Book Synopsis''Thought provoking and well-written... a good read for people who care about solving global problems. Damluji puts forth ideas that can help make global systems more successful'' - Bill Gates An incisive, optimistic manifesto for a more inclusive globalismToday, globalism has a bad reputation. ''Citizens of the world'' are depicted as recklessly uninterested in how international economic networks can affect local communities. Meanwhile, nationalists are often derided as racists and bigots. But what if the two were not so far apart? What could globalists learn from the powerful sense of belonging that nationalism has created? Faced with the injustices of the world''s economic and political system, what should a responsible globalist do? British-Iraqi development expert Hassan Damluji proposes six principles - from changing how we think about mobility to shutting down tax havens - which can help build consensus for a stronger globalist identity. He demonst

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Book SynopsisA study of women creating fake fashion in China - and how it affects the economy, labour, creativity and culture.Trade Review'Sara Liao shows how shanzhai is much more than faking: she rethinks what it means to be creative in today's globalised China. The book presents a sensitive and detailed account of the gendered and precarious aspirations of fashion designers, offering a timely view on a multiplicity of China Dreams' -- Jeroen de Kloet, author of 'China with a Cut: Globalisation, Urban Youth and Popular Music'Table of ContentsList of Figures Series preface Acknowledgements 1. Introduction: Fashion Work, Precarious Labor, and Women Designers in Shanzhai Culture 2. Shanzhai Fashion and Precarious Creativity in China 3. The Digital Labor and Production Culture of Shanzhai Fashion 4. The Shanzhai of Shanzhai: The Politics of Copying and Creativity 5. Shanzhai Dreams and the Chinese Dream 6. Shanzhai Culture, National Ideologies, and Transnational Capitalism: A Double-edged Sword Appendix: Demographics of Informants Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis Element shows how joining the European Union helped Ireland energize what had been a stagnant agricultural backwater. Ireland became a prosperous globalized hub for multinational firms exporting technologically sophisticated products and services. But there have been some severe policy errors along the way.Table of ContentsIntroduction and summary; 1. The modernization of production; 2. The changing population and its living standards; 3. Institutional change and microeconomic policy; 4. Macroeconomic volatility; Abbreviations; References.

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