Radio technology Books

Book SynopsisBy the late nineteenth century, engineers and experimental scientists generally knew how radio waves behaved, and by 1901 scientists were able to manipulate them to transmit messages across long distances. This title documents this monumental discovery and the advances in radio ionospheric propagation research that occurred in its aftermath.Trade Review"Chen-Pang Yeang's book is the major contribution to our knowledge of how physical theory and electrical experimentation worked together to explain the movement of radio waves beyond the horizon." (A. David Wunsch, University of Massachusetts Lowell)"

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Book SynopsisEngineers and experimental scientists generally knew how radio waves behaved, what no one could understand, however, was why radio waves followed the curvature of the Earth. The author documents this discovery and the advances in radio ionospheric propagation research that occurred in its aftermath.

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Book SynopsisAn interdisciplinary, multinational exploration of current and future policy for the foundational public resource of all mobile media: the radio spectrum.Trade Review"Frequencies casts a broad interdisciplinary lens on the site where radio spectrum marks the hot spot of national development, industrial and economic competitions, and deliberations over public goods and services. Striking a balance between technical knowledge and practical information, the book offers a helpful guide for anyone wishing to better understand the infrastructure that makes today's life online possible." Choice

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Book SynopsisA stimulating study of how audio documentaries educated listeners while reflecting the political and cultural climate of post-war AmericaTrade ReviewReceived the Tankard Book Award from the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (AEJMC), 2012. "An excellent contribution to the now-burgeoning field of revisionist radio scholarship."--Technology and Culture"With careful attention to detail, a command of archival sources including recordings of old radio programs, and an understanding of how the radio industry operated, Ehrlich has produced an entertaining book with a convincing argument. It is that rarest of things—a monograph with a well-defined subject that has both scholarly integrity and an appeal to a wide audience."--American Historical Review"A vivid reflection of the social and cultural climate of the post-World War II era, Matthew C. Ehrlich's engaging study shows readers what was occurring on the national radio networks as the Cold War started and the impact that the war had on broadcasting and those who worked in it. This study is of significance to historians, mass communications scholars, and journalists." Patrick S. Washburn, author of The African American Newspaper: Voice of Freedom"Highly recommended."--Choice"A fascinating book that brings together important moments in journalism, technology, politics, world order, media control, and the mood in the United States during the postwar years. Ehrlich dramatically sharpens our understanding of how both radio and television news evolved during the late 1940s."--Mike Conway, author of The Origins of Television News in America: The Visualizers of CBS in the 1940sTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction: Utopian Dreams 1 1. A Higher Destiny 13 2. One World 24 3. New and Sparkling Ideas 46 4. Home Is What You Make It 71 5. The Quick and the Dead 104 6. Hear It Now 129 7. Lose No Hope 155 Notes 165 Index 211

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Book SynopsisAs World War II drew to a close and radio news was popularized through overseas broadcasting, journalists and dramatists began to build upon the unprecedented success of war reporting on the radio by creating audio documentaries. Focusing particularly on the work of radio luminaries such as Edward R. Murrow, Fred Friendly, Norman Corwin, and Erik Barnouw, Radio Utopia: Postwar Audio Documentary in the Public Interest traces this crucial phase in American radio history, significant not only for its timing immediately before television, but also because it bridges the gap between the end of the World Wars and the beginning of the Cold War.Matthew C. Ehrlich closely examines the production of audio documentaries disseminated by major American commercial broadcast networks CBS, NBC, and ABC from 1945 to 1951. Audio documentary programs educated Americans about juvenile delinquency, slums, race relations, venereal disease, atomic energy, arms control, and other issues of public interest, buTrade ReviewReceived the Tankard Book Award from the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (AEJMC), 2012. "An excellent contribution to the now-burgeoning field of revisionist radio scholarship."--Technology and Culture"With careful attention to detail, a command of archival sources including recordings of old radio programs, and an understanding of how the radio industry operated, Ehrlich has produced an entertaining book with a convincing argument. It is that rarest of things—a monograph with a well-defined subject that has both scholarly integrity and an appeal to a wide audience."--American Historical Review"A vivid reflection of the social and cultural climate of the post-World War II era, Matthew C. Ehrlich's engaging study shows readers what was occurring on the national radio networks as the Cold War started and the impact that the war had on broadcasting and those who worked in it. This study is of significance to historians, mass communications scholars, and journalists." Patrick S. Washburn, author of The African American Newspaper: Voice of Freedom"Highly recommended."--Choice"A fascinating book that brings together important moments in journalism, technology, politics, world order, media control, and the mood in the United States during the postwar years. Ehrlich dramatically sharpens our understanding of how both radio and television news evolved during the late 1940s."--Mike Conway, author of The Origins of Television News in America: The Visualizers of CBS in the 1940s

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Book SynopsisNow in its fifth edition, the bestselling book on UMTS has been updated to cover 3GPP WCDMA and High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) from Release 99 to Release 9. Written by leading experts in the field, the book explains HSPA performance based on simulations and field experience, and illustrates the benefits of HSPA evolution (HSPA+) both from the operators and from the end user?s perspective. It continues to provide updated descriptions of the 3GPP standard including the physical layer, radio protocols on layers 1-3 and a system architecture description. The challenges and solutions regarding terminal RF design are also discussed, including the benefits of HSPA+ power saving features. There is also the addition of a new chapter on femto cells as part of the updates to this fifth edition. Key updates include: HSPA evolution (HSPA+); Multicarrier HSPA solutions; HSPA femto cells (home base stations); TD-SCDMA system description; Trade Review Table of ContentsPreface xvii Acknowledgements xix Abbreviations xxi 1 Introduction 1Harri Holma and Antti Toskala 1.1 WCDMA Early Phase 1 1.2 HSPA Introduction and Data Growth 2 1.3 HSPA Deployments Globally 4 1.4 HSPA Evolution 5 1.5 HSPA Network Product 6 1.6 HSPA Future Outlook 7 References 8 2 UMTS Services 9Harri Holma, Martin Kristensson, Jouni Salonen, Antti Toskala and Tommi Uitto 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Voice 11 2.3 Video Telephony 18 2.4 Messaging 21 2.5 Mobile Email 22 2.6 Browsing 23 2.7 Application and Content Downloading 24 2.8 Streaming 26 2.9 Gaming 26 2.10 Mobile Broadband for Laptop and Netbook Connectivity 27 2.11 Social Networking 30 2.12 Mobile TV 31 2.13 Location-Based Services 32 2.14 Machine-to-Machine Communications 34 2.15 Quality of Service (QoS) Differentiation 35 2.16 Maximum Air Interface Capacity 40 2.17 Terminals 44 2.18 Tariff Schemes 45 References 45 3 Introduction to WCDMA 47Peter Muszynski and Harri Holma 3.1 Introduction 47 3.2 Summary of the Main Parameters in WCDMA 47 3.3 Spreading and Despreading 49 3.4 Multipath Radio Channels and Rake Reception 51 3.5 Power Control 55 3.6 Softer and Soft Handovers 57 References 59 4 Background and Standardization of WCDMA 61Antti Toskala 4.1 Introduction 61 4.2 Background in Europe 61 4.3 Background in Japan 64 4.4 Background in Korea 65 4.5 Background in the United States 65 4.6 Creation of 3GPP 67 4.7 How Does 3GPP Operate? 68 4.8 Creation of 3GPP2 69 4.9 Harmonization Phase 69 4.10 IMT-2000 Process in ITU 70 4.11 Beyond 3GPP Release 99 WCDMA 70 4.12 Industry Convergence with LTE and LTE-Advanced 72 References 73 5 Radio Access Network Architecture 75Fabio Longoni, Atte Länsisalmi and Antti Toskala 5.1 Introduction 75 5.2 UTRAN Architecture 78 5.3 General Protocol Model for UTRAN Terrestrial Interfaces 80 5.4 Iu, the UTRAN–CN Interface 81 5.5 UTRAN Internal Interfaces 87 5.6 UTRAN Enhancements and Evolution 91 5.7 UMTS CN Architecture and Evolution 93 References 95 6 Physical Layer 97Antti Toskala 6.1 Introduction 97 6.2 Transport Channels and Their Mapping to the Physical Channels 98 6.3 Spreading and Modulation 102 6.4 User Data Transmission 110 6.5 Signaling 121 6.6 Physical Layer Procedures 126 6.7 Terminal Radio Access Capabilities 136 6.8 Conclusion 138 References 139 7 Radio Interface Protocols 141Jukka Vialén and Antti Toskala 7.1 Introduction 141 7.2 Protocol Architecture 142 7.3 The Medium Access Control Protocol 143 7.4 The Radio Link Control Protocol 147 7.5 The Packet Data Convergence Protocol 150 7.6 The Broadcast/Multicast Control Protocol 151 7.7 Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service 152 7.8 The Radio Resource Control Protocol 153 7.9 Early UE Handling Principles 170 7.10 Improvements for Call Set-up Time Reduction 170 References 171 8 Radio Network Planning 173Harri Holma, Zhi-Chun Honkasalo, Seppo Hämäläinen, Jaana Laiho, Kari Sipilä and Achim Wacker 8.1 Introduction 173 8.2 Dimensioning 174 8.3 Capacity and Coverage Planning and Optimization 194 8.4 GSM Co-planning 202 8.5 Inter-Operator Interference 204 8.6 WCDMA Frequency Variants 210 8.7 UMTS Refarming to GSM Band 211 8.8 Interference between GSM and UMTS 214 8.9 Remaining GSM Voice Capacity 215 8.10 Shared Site Solutions with GSM and UMTS 216 8.11 Interworking of UMTS900 and UMTS2100 217 References 218 9 Radio Resource Management 219Harri Holma, Klaus Pedersen, Jussi Reunanen, Janne Laakso and Oscar Salonaho 9.1 Introduction 219 9.2 Power Control 220 9.3 Handovers 232 9.4 Measurement of Air Interface Load 246 9.5 Admission Control 250 9.6 Load Control (Congestion Control) 252 References 253 10 Packet Scheduling 255Jeroen Wigard, Harri Holma, Renaud Cuny, Nina Madsen, Frank Frederiksen and Martin Kristensson 10.1 Introduction 255 10.2 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) 255 10.3 Round Trip Time 261 10.4 User-Specific Packet Scheduling 264 10.5 Cell-Specific Packet Scheduling 272 10.6 Packet Data System Performance 275 10.7 Packet Data Application Performance 280 References 291 11 Physical Layer Performance 293Harri Holma, Jussi Reunanen, Leo Chan, Preben Mogensen, Klaus Pedersen, Kari Horneman, Jaakko Vihriälä and Markku Juntti 11.1 Introduction 293 11.2 Cell Coverage 293 11.3 Downlink Cell Capacity 304 11.4 Capacity Trials 313 11.5 3GPP Performance Requirements 330 11.6 Performance Enhancements 334 References 349 12 High-Speed Downlink Packet Access 353Antti Toskala, Harri Holma, Troels Kolding, Preben Mogensen, Klaus Pedersen and Jussi Reunanen 12.1 Introduction 353 12.2 Release 99 WCDMA Downlink Packet Data Capabilities 353 12.3 The HSDPA Concept 354 12.4 HSDPA Impact on Radio Access Network Architecture 356 12.5 Release 4 HSDPA Feasibility Study Phase 357 12.6 HSDPA Physical Layer Structure 357 12.7 HSDPA Terminal Capability and Achievable Data Rates 365 12.8 Mobility with HSDPA 366 12.9 HSDPA Performance 370 12.10 HSPA Link Budget 380 12.11 HSDPA Iub Dimensioning 382 12.12 HSPA Round Trip Time 384 12.13 Terminal Receiver Aspects 384 12.14 Evolution in Release 6 386 12.15 Conclusion 388 References 388 13 High-Speed Uplink Packet Access 391Antti Toskala, Harri Holma and Karri Ranta-aho 13.1 Introduction 391 13.2 Release 99 WCDMA Downlink Packet Data Capabilities 391 13.3 The HSUPA Concept 392 13.4 HSUPA Impact on Radio Access Network Architecture 393 13.5 HSUPA Feasibility Study Phase 395 13.6 HSUPA Physical Layer Structure 395 13.7 E-DCH and Related Control Channels 396 13.8 HSUPA Physical Layer Operation Procedure 400 13.9 HSUPA Terminal Capability 402 13.10 HSUPA Performance 403 13.11 Conclusion 408 References 408 14 Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) 409Harri Holma, Martin Kristensson and Jorma Kaikkonen 14.1 Introduction 409 14.2 MBMS Impact on Network Architecture 412 14.3 High Level MBMS Procedures 414 14.4 MBMS Radio Interface Channel Structure 415 14.5 MBMS Terminal Capability 418 14.6 MBMS Performance 419 14.7 MBMS Deployment and Use Cases 424 14.8 Benchmarking of MBMS with DVB-H 425 14.9 3GPP MBMS Evolution in Release 7 426 14.10 Why Did MBMS Fail? 426 14.11 Integrated Mobile Broadcast (IMB) in Release 8 427 14.12 Conclusion 428 References 429 15 HSPA Evolution 431Harri Holma, Karri Ranta-aho and Antti Toskala 15.1 Introduction 431 15.2 Discontinuous Transmission and Reception (DTX/DRX) 431 15.3 Circuit Switched Voice on HSPA 433 15.4 Enhanced FACH and Enhanced RACH 437 15.5 Latency 439 15.6 Fast Dormancy 441 15.7 Downlink 64QAM 442 15.8 Downlink MIMO 444 15.9 Transmit Diversity (TxAA) 447 15.10 Uplink 16QAM 448 15.11 UE Categories 449 15.12 Layer 2 Optimization 450 15.13 Architecture Evolution 451 15.14 Conclusion 452 References 453 16 HSPA Multicarrier Evolution 455Harri Holma, Karri Ranta-aho and Antti Toskala 16.1 Introduction 455 16.2 Dual Cell HSDPA in Release 8 459 16.3 Dual Cell HSUPA in Release 9 461 16.4 Dual Cell HSDPA with MIMO in Release 9 462 16.5 Dual Band HSDPA in Release 9 463 16.6 Three and Four Carrier HSDPA in Release 10 464 16.7 UE Categories 465 16.8 Conclusion 465 References 466 17 UTRAN Long-Term Evolution 467Antti Toskala and Harri Holma 17.1 Introduction 467 17.2 Multiple Access and Architecture Decisions 468 17.3 LTE Impact on Network Architecture 470 17.4 LTE Multiple Access 471 17.5 LTE Physical Layer Design and Parameters 476 17.6 LTE Physical Layer Procedures 479 17.7 LTE Protocols 483 17.8 Performance 487 17.9 LTE Device Categories 492 17.10 LTE-Advanced Outlook 492 17.11 Conclusion 494 References 494 18 TD-SCDMA 495Antti Toskala and Harri Holma 18.1 Introduction 495 18.2 Differences in the Network-Level Architecture 497 18.3 TD-SCDMA Physical Layer 497 18.4 TD-SCDMA Data Rates 504 18.5 TD-SCDMA Physical Layer Procedures 505 18.6 TD-SCDMA Interference and Co-existence Considerations 508 18.7 Conclusion and Future Outlook on TD-SCDMA 512 References 512 19 Home Node B and Femtocells 515Troels Kolding, Hanns-Jürgen Schwarzbauer, Johanna Pekonen, Karol Drazynski, Jacek Gora, Maciej Pakulski, Patryk Pisowacki, Harri Holma and Antti Toskala 19.1 Introduction 515 19.2 Home Node B Specification Work 517 19.3 Technical Challenges of Uncoordinated Mass Deployment 518 19.4 Home Node B Architecture 519 19.5 Closed Subscriber Group 523 19.6 Home Node B-Related Mobility 524 19.7 Home Node B Deployment and Interference Mitigation 529 19.8 Home Node B Evolution 545 19.9 Conclusion 545 References 546 20 Terminal RF and Baseband Design Challenges 547Laurent Noël, Dominique Brunel, Antti Toskala and Harri Holma 20.1 Introduction 547 20.2 Transmitter Chain System Design Challenges 549 20.3 Receiver Chain Design Challenges 555 20.4 Improving Talk-Time with DTX/DRX 567 20.5 Multi-Mode/Band Challenges 582 20.6 Conclusion 590 References 590 Index 593

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Book SynopsisThis is the third revised edition of the established and trusted RFID Handbook; the most comprehensive introduction to radiofrequency identification (RFID) available. This essential new edition contains information on electronicproduct code (EPC) and the EPC global network, and explainsnear-field communication (NFC) in depth.Table of ContentsPreface to the Third Edition List of Abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Automatic Identification Systems 1.2 A Comparison of Different ID Systems 1.3 Components of an RFID System 2 Differentiation Features of RFID Systems 2.1 Fundamental Differentiation Features 2.2 Transponder Construction Formats 2.3 Frequency, Range and Coupling 2.4 Active and Passive Transponder 2.5 Information Processing in the Transponder 2.6 Selection Criteria for RFID Systems 3 Fundamental Operating Principles 3.1 1-Bit Transponder 3.2 Full- and Half-Duplex Procedure 3.3 Sequential Procedures 3.4 Near-Field Communication (NFC) 4 Physical Principles of RFID Systems 4.1 Magnetic Field 4.2 Electromagnetic Waves 4.3 Surface Waves 5 Frequency Ranges and Radio Licensing Regulations 5.1 Frequency Ranges Used 5.2 The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 5.3 European Licensing Regulations 5.4 National Licensing Regulations in Europe 5.5 National Licensing Regulations 5.6 Comparison of National Regulations 6 Coding and Modulation 6.1 Coding in the Baseband 6.2 Digital Modulation Procedures 7 Data Integrity 7.1 The Checksum Procedure 7.2 Multi-Access Procedures – Anticollision 8 Security of RFID Systems 8.1 Attacks on RFID Systems 8.2 Protection by Cryptographic Measures 9 Standardisation 9.1 Animal Identification 9.2 Contactless Smart Cards 9.3 ISO/IEC 69873 – Data Carriers for Tools and Clamping Devices 9.4 ISO/IEC 10374 – Container Identification 9.5 VDI 4470 – Anti-theft Systems for Goods 9.6 Item Management 10 The Architecture of Electronic Data Carriers 10.1 Transponder with Memory Function 10.2 Microprocessors 10.3 Memory Technology 10.4 Measuring Physical Variables 11 Readers 11.1 Data Flow in an Application 11.2 Components of a Reader 11.3 Integrated Reader ICs 11.4 Connection of Antennas for Inductive Systems 11.5 Reader Designs 11.6 Near-Field Communication 12 The Manufacture of Transponders and Contactless Smart Cards 12.1 Glass and Plastic Transponders 12.2 Contactless Smart Cards 13 Example Applications 13.1 Contactless Smart Cards 13.2 Public Transport 13.3 Contactless Payment Systems 13.4 NFC Applications 13.5 Electronic Passport 13.6 Ski Tickets 13.7 Access Control 13.8 Transport Systems 13.9 Animal Identification 13.10 Electronic Immobilisation 13.11 Container Identification 13.12 Sporting Events 13.13 Industrial Automation 14 Appendix 14.1 Contact Addresses, Associations and Technical Periodicals 14.2 Relevant Standards and Regulations 14.3 Printed Circuit Board Layouts References Index

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Book SynopsisLearn how to use your VHF DSC radio, from licensing the equipment and gaining the operator certificate to performing each type of call.Trade Review"...contains all relevant updates...step-by-step instructions and full colour photos take you through the whole subject." (Practical Boat Owner) "...explanations are clear and easily understood and there are copious diagrams...well worth having aboard as a quick reference and refresher." (Sailing Today)Table of ContentsForeword; Licences & certificates; Types of VHF set; What is the range of the set?; How to begin using a VHF radiotelephone; The DSC Controller; Which channel do I use?; What do I say?; Ship-to-ship routine communications; Routine communications with HMS Coastguard; Routine communications with marinas, ports & harbours; On passage with yacht Sierra; Distress procedures & Coastguard acknowledgement; What do I do if I hear a Mayday?; The Mayday relay; Pan Pan; Securite; Sierra - the return; EPRIBs; SARTs; NAVTEX; Radio channels; Glossary; Questions; Answers; Useful addresses; Mayday procedure card

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Book SynopsisIn this book, the author addresses technologies that are being used in emerging cellular markets. These include GSM/EGPRS and CDMA which are being deployed at a rapid pace, while technologies such as UMTS (3G)/ HSPA (3.5G) which have started to find a place in these high growth markets, are also considered. The book examines other technologies including LTE (3.9G) which have already moved out of research labs into the commercial world. 2G-CDMA is widely used, while further developments, e.g. CDMA2000 are also finding acceptance in the commercial arena. IMS/Convergence is increasingly popular all over the world; UMA, which is deployed mostly in North America; and DVB which is gaining worldwide popularity, especially in South Asia, are all reviewed. Each chapter discusses a different technology and is structured into three parts. The technology is examined at an overview level, first explaining what the technology is and then considering the technical features of the teTrade Review"Useful for all cellular industry professionals as provides an overview of the currently deployed technologies in mass scale, and the forthcoming technologies that are expected to make an impact in the future, such as 4th Generation Cellular Networks." (IP Communication, 31 October 2010)Table of ContentsForeword 1: Role of Technology in Emerging Markets. Foreword 2: Connecting the Unconnected. Preface. Acknowledgements. 1 Cellular Technology in Emerging Markets. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 ICT in Emerging Markets. 1.3 Cellular Technologies. 1.4 Overview of Some Key Technologies. 1.5 Future Direction. 2 GSM and EGPRS. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 GSM Technology. 2.3 Network Planning in the GSM Network. 2.4 EGPRS Technology. 2.5 EGPRS Network Design and Optimization. 3 UMTS. 3.1 The 3G Evolution – UMTS. 3.2 UMTS Services and Applications. 3.3 UMTS Bearer Service QoS Parameters. 3.4 QoS Classes. 3.5 WCDMA Concepts. 3.6 ATM. 3.7 Protocol Stack. 3.8 WCDMA Network Architecture – Radio and Core. 3.9 Network Planning in 3G. 3.10 Network Optimization. 4 CDMA. 4.1 Introduction to CDMA. 4.2 CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access. 4.3 Spread Spectrum Technique. 4.4 Codes in CDMA System. 4.5 Link Structure. 4.6 Radio Resource Management. 4.7 Planning a CDMA Network. 4.8 CDMA2000. 4.9 TD-SCDMA. 5 HSPA and LTE. 5.1 HSPA (High Speed Packet Access). 5.2 HSDPA Technology. 5.3 HSDPA Channels. 5.4 Dimensioning in HSDPA. 5.5 Radio Resource Management in HSDPA. 5.6 High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA). 5.7 HSUPA Channels. 5.8 HSUPA Radio Resource Management. 5.9 HSPA Network Dimensioning. 5.10 LTE (Long Term Evolution). 5.11 LTE Technology. 5.12 Radio Resource Management. 5.13 Security in LTE. 6 OFDM and All-IP. 6.1 Introduction to OFDM. 6.2 OFDM Principles. 6.3 MIMO Technology. 6.4 OFDM System. 6.5 Design of OFDM Channel. 6.6 Multi-User OFDM Environment. 6.7 All-IP Networks. 6.8 Architecture of All-IP Networks. 7 Broadband Wireless Access: WLAN, Wi-Fi and WiMAX. 7.1 Wireless Technology Differentiation. 7.2 Wireless LAN. 7.3 Wi-Fi Networks. 7.4 WiMAX Networks. 8 Convergence and IP Multimedia Sub-System. 8.1 Introduction to Convergence. 8.2 Key Aspects of Convergent Systems. 8.3 Architecture in Convergent Networks. 8.4 IMS. 8.5 IMS Architecture. 8.6 IMS Security System. 8.7 IMS Charging. 8.8 Service Provisioning in IMS. 9 Unlicensed Mobile Access. 9.1 Introduction to UMA. 9.2 Working on UMA Network. 9.3 Architecture of UMA. 9.4 Up Interface in UMA. 9.5 Protocols in UMA. 9.6 Security Mechanism of UMA. 9.7 Identifiers and Cell Identifiers in UMA. 9.8 Mode and PLMN Selection. 9.9 UMAN Discovery and Registration Procedures. 9.10 UNC Blocks. 9.11 Comparison between Femtocells and UMA. 9.12 Conclusion. 10 DVB-H. 10.1 Mobile Television. 10.2 Introduction to DVB. 10.3 DVB-H Ecosystem. 10.4 DVB-H System Technology. 10.5 DVB-H Network Architecture. 10.6 DVB-H Network Topologies. 10.7 Network Design in the DVB-H Network. Appendix A VAS Applications. A.1 Multimedia Messaging Service. A.2 Push-to-Talk over Cellular. A.3 Streaming Service. A.4 Short Message Service. A.5 Wireless Application Protocol. Appendix B Energy in Telecommunications. B.1 The Solution Exists – But It’s Not Very Good. B.2 Renewable Energy – a Better Solution. B.3 The Optimal Design for a Base Station Site. B.4 Business Case for Renewable Energy in Mobile Base Station Sites. B.5 Effects of Climate Change on Mobile Networks. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis text provides a technical history of the development of GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) standards and the early evolution of UMTS (Univerisal Mobile Telecommunicaitons System). It presents background information and descriptions of the technical features of the GSM standards.Trade Review"a useful source of reference" (World Surface Coatings Abstracts, January 2002) "The author has done GSM industry a great service with this book-without it in twenty years time no one would remember anything about the early days of GSM." (GSM Daily)Table of ContentsGSM's Achievements (Friedhelm Hillebrand). The Agreement on the Concepts and the Basic Parameter of the GSM Standard (Mid-1982 to Mid-1987) (Thomas Haug, Philippe Dupuis and Stephen Temple). The Detailed Specification Work Leading to the GSM Phase 1 Standard used for the Opening of Service (1987-1991) (Thomas Haug). Consolidating GSM Phase 1 and Evolving the Services and System Features to GSM Phase 2 in ETSI SMG (1992-1995) (Philippe Dupuis). Evolving the Services and System features to Generation 2.5 by the GSM Phase 2+ Program (1993-2000) (Phillipe Dupuis, Friedhelm Hillebrand and Ansgar Bergmann). GSM Goes to North America (Don Zelmer). The UMTS Related Work of the European Commsiions, UMTS Taskforce, UMTS Forum and GSM Association (Joao da Silva, Ruprecht Niepold, Bosco Fernandez, Thomas Beijer and Josef Huber). The UMTS Standardisation Work in ETSI (Philippe Dupuis and Friedhelm Hillebrand). The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (Karl Heinz Rosenbrock and Niels P.S. Andersen). Services and Services' Capabilities (Friedhelm Hillebrand and Alan Cox). System Architecture Evolution (Michel Mouly). Radio Aspects (Didier Verhulst and Michael Färber). The Subscriber Identity Module: Past, Present anf Future (Klaus Vedder). Voice Codes (Kari Järvinen). Security Aspects (Mike Walker and Timothy Wright). Short Message and Data Service (Friedhelm Hillebrand, Kevin Holley, Wolfgang Roth and Jürgen Baumann). Mobile Stations Type Appproval (Remi Thomas and David Barnes). Operations and Maintenance (Gisela Hertel). Professional Technical Support and its Evolution (Bernard Mallinder, Ansgar Bergmann and Adrian Scrase). Working Methods and their Evolution (Ansgar Bergmann). The Contributions of the GSM Association (Renzo Failli, George Schmitt, Arne Foxman, Petter Bliksrud, Armin Toepfer, Michael Giessler and Neil Lilly). GSM and UMTS Acceptance in the World (Friedhelm Hillebrand and Bernd Eylert). GSM Success Factors (Friedhelm Hillebrand). Appendices. Index. List of Authors.

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Book SynopsisThis is the only book currently available that covers this subject. The authors piece together information from diverse areas which is essential to understand integrated and integrated active antennas. Emphasis is placed on active antennas and power combining applications, consolidating the work from numerous researchers.Table of ContentsOscillators and Synchronization. Antennas and Arrays. Power Combining. Integrated and Active Antenna Testing. Active Antennas: Early Work Before 1987. Active Microstrip Patch Antennas and Power Combining. Integrated and Active Grids. Endfire Notches and Other Slotline Active Antennas. Integrated and Active Inverted Stripline Antennas and Other Active Antenna Configurations. Integrated Antennas with Passive Solid-State Devices. Beam Steering for Active Antenna Arrays and Spatial Power Combiners. Index.

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Book SynopsisHow to choose cellular service wisely and become an adept cellular user Keeping in touch via cellular is increasingly vital in today's fast--paced world. The technology now boasts over 50 million subscribers, and that figure is expected to double in the next five years.Table of ContentsAn Introduction to Cellular Phone Systems. Cellular Phone Equipment. The Business of Cellular Phones. Getting Cellular Service. The Bill, Please. Hello, Ma? It's Me! Roaming. Mobile and Transportable Phones. Options and Accessories. Dealing With Operational Difficulties. Safety and Security. Into the Future. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisA complete reference guide to the theory, design, and applications of infrared technology Rapid advances in infrared (IR), photonic, and electrooptic technologies have given rise to sophisticated sensors with important commercial, industrial, and military applications-from remote sensing, surveillance, and high-resolution TV to home security systems. This book provides scientists and engineers with a comprehensive, state-of-the-art guide to the analysis and development of IR, photonic, and electrooptical devices and systems for specific applications. Well-known industry expert A. R. Jha compiles and consolidates the latest data on IR sources and systems, presenting fully referenced technical information plus numerical examples illustrating performance parameters and design aspects for an amazingly broad array of applications. Basic IR theory is also provided. Coverage includes: * Transmission characteristics of optical signals through the atmosphere, including effects of sTable of ContentsInfrared Radiation Theory. Transmission Characteristics of IR Signals in Atmosphere. Potential IR Sources. Detectors and Focal Planar Arrays. Infrared Passive Devices and Electrooptic Components. IR Active Devices and Components. Application of Infrared and Photonic Technologies in Commercial and Industrial Devices and Systems. Application of Infrared and Photonic Technologies in Medicine, Telecommunications, and Space. Application of Photonic and Infrared Technologies for Space and Military Sensors. IR Signature Analysis and Countermeasure Techniques. Future Applications of IR and Photonic Technologies and Requirements for Auxiliary Equipment. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe fourth edition of this handbook has been fully updated to incorporate the latest developments in the field.Trade Review"Boucher...updates the 1995 edition of his substantial reference...He has maintained the original format...but here takes more of a digital perspective and incorporates new technologies that are shaping the direction of the industry." (SciTech Book News Vol. 25, No. 2 June 2001)Table of ContentsPreface to the Fourth Edition. About the Author. What is Cellular Radio? World System Standards--A History. Basic Radio. Planning--An Essential Network Function. Cell Site Selection and System Design. Radio Survey. Cellular Radio Interference. Cell Plans. Units and Concepts of Field Strength. Filters and Combiners. Cellular Repeaters. Antennas. Cellular Links. Base-Station Maintenance. Base-Station Control and Signaling. Power and Distribution. Protection and Grounding. Trunking. Switching. Traffic Engineering Concepts. Mobiles. Tower and Masts. Installations. Equipment Shelters. Budgets. Billing Systems. Marketing. Fraud. Data Over Cellular. Privacy. Rural and Offshore Applications of Cellular Radio. Interconnection. Preparing Invitations to Tender. Modulation/Demodulation Methods. Noise and Noise Performance. Digital Cellular. GSM Pan-European Cellular. DAMPS. NAMPS. E-TDMA. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Japanese Digital. Satellite Mobile Systems. Cordless Telephone Technologies. iDEN. Wireless Local Loop. The Technology. Coding, Formats, and Error Correction. Digital Modulation. Other Mobile Products. Safety Issues. Buying Used Hardware. Appendix A: RF Propagation Routine Appendix B: ISO Model. Appendix C: Amplifier Classes. Appendix D: 911 Location Requirements. Appendix E: Distortion and Noise. Appendix F: Recommended Further Reading and Sources of Information. Appendix G: Internet Protocols. Appendix H: Erlang B and C Tables. Appendix I: Conversion of Units Used for Cellular RF. Appendix J: Country Codes. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisDigital Signal Processors (DSPs) are unique microprocessors that are programmable and operate in real time - much faster than general-purpose microprocessors. This text examines them in relation to mobile communications.Table of ContentsBiographies xiii List of Contributors xv 1 Introduction 1 Edgar Auslander and Alan Gatherer 1.1 It’s a Personal Matter 2 1.2 The Super Phone? 3 1.3 New Services 6 1.4 The Curse and Opportunity of Moore’s Law 8 1.5 The Book 9 2 The History of DSP Based Architectures in Second Generation Cellular Handsets 11 Alan Gatherer, Trudy Stetzler and Edgar Auslander 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 A History of Cellular Standards and Wireless Handset Architectures 11 2.2.1 1G and 2G Standards 11 2.2.2 2.5G and 3G Standards 12 2.2.3 Architecture Evolution 14 2.3 Trends in Low Power DSPs 17 2.3.1 Process Improvement 17 2.3.2 Instruction Set Enhancement 19 2.3.3 Power Management 21 References 21 3 The Role of Programmable DSPs in Dual Mode (2G and 3G) Handsets 23 Chaitali Sengupta, Nicolas Veau, Sundararajan Sriram, Zhenguo Gu and Paul Folacci 3.1 Introduction 23 3.2 The Wireless Standards 24 3.3 A Generic FDD DS Digital Baseband (DBB) Functional View 25 3.4 Functional Description of a Dual-Mode System 28 3.5 Complexity Analysis and HW/SW Partitioning 29 3.5.1 2G/3G Digital Baseband Processing Optimized Partitioning 31 3.6 Hardware Design Approaches 32 3.6.1 Design Considerations: Centralized vs. Distributed Architectures 32 3.6.2 The Coprocessor Approach 33 3.6.3 Role of DSP in 2G and Dual-Mode 37 3.7 Software Processing and Interface with Higher Layers 38 3.8 Summary 39 3.9 Abbreviations 39 References 40 4 Programmable DSPs for 3G Base Station Modems 41 Dale Hocevar, Pierre Bertrand, Eric Biscondi, Alan Gatherer, Frank Honore, Armelle Laine, Simon Morris, Sriram Sundararajan and Tod Wolf 4.1 Introduction 41 4.2 Overview of 3G Base Stations: Requirements 42 4.2.1 Introduction 42 4.2.2 General Requirements 42 4.2.3 Fundamental CDMA Base Station Base Band Processing 43 4.2.4 Symbol-Rate (SR) Processing 44 4.2.5 Chip-Rate (CR) Processing 44 4.3 System Analysis 46 4.3.1 SR Processing Analysis 46 4.3.2 CR Processing Analysis 46 4.4 Flexible Coprocessor Solutions 48 4.4.1 Viterbi Convolutional Decoder Coprocessor 48 4.4.2 Turbo Decoder Coprocessor 50 4.4.3 Correlator Coprocessor 52 4.5 Summary and Conclusions 54 5 The Use of Programmable DSPs in Antenna Array Processing 57 Matthew Bromberg and Donald R. Brown 5.1 Introduction 57 5.2 Antenna Array Signal Model 58 5.3 Linear Beamforming Techniques 62 5.3.1 Maximum Likelihood Derivation 62 5.3.2 Least Mean Square Adaptation 66 5.3.3 Least Squares Processing 67 5.3.4 Blind Signal Adaptation 71 5.3.5 Subspace Constraints 73 5.3.6 Exploiting Cyclostationarity 75 5.3.7 Transmit Beamformer Techniques 77 5.4 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Signal Extraction 83 5.4.1 MIMO Linear System Model 83 5.4.2 Capacity of MIMO Communication Channels 86 5.4.3 Linear Estimation of Desired Signals in MIMO Communication Systems 87 5.4.4 Non-linear Estimation of Desired Signals in MIMO Communication Systems 90 5.4.5 Conclusions 93 References 93 6 The Challenges of Software-Defined Radio 97 Carl Panasik and Chaitali Sengupta 6.1 Cellular Communications Standards 98 6.2 What is SDR? 98 6.3 Digitizing Today’s Analog Operations 101 6.4 Implementation Challenges 103 6.5 Analog and ADC Issues 103 6.6 Channel Filter 104 6.7 Delta-Sigma ADC 104 6.8 Conclusion 105 References 105 7 Enabling Multimedia Applications in 2.5G and 3G Wireless Terminals: Challenges and Solutions 107 Edgar Auslander, Madhukar Budagavi, Jamil Chaoui, Ken Cyr, Jean-Pierre Giacalone, Sebastien de Gregorio, Yves Masse, Yeshwant Muthusamy, Tiemen Spits and Jennifer Webb 7.1 Introduction 107 7.1.1 ‘‘DSPs take the RISC’’ 107 7.2 OMAP H/W Architecture 111 7.2.1 Architecture Description 111 7.2.2 Advantages of a Combined RISC/DSP Architecture 113 7.2.3 TMS320C55x and Multimedia Extensions 113 7.3 OMAP S/W Architecture 114 7.4 OMAP Multimedia Applications 116 7.4.1 Video 116 7.4.2 Speech Applications 116 7.5 Conclusion 117 Further Reading 117 8 A Flexible Distributed Java Environment for Wireless PDA Architectures Based on DSP Technology 119 Gilbert Cabillic, Jean-Philippe Lesot, Frédéric Parain, Michel Banâtre, Valérie Issarny, Teresa Higuera, Gérard Chauvel, Serge Lasserre and Dominique D’Inverno 8.1 Introduction 119 8.2 Java and Energy: Analyzing the Challenge 120 8.2.1 Analysis of Java Opcodes 120 8.2.2 Analyzing Application Behavior 121 8.2.3 Analysis 125 8.3 A Modular Java Virtual Machine 127 8.3.1 Java Implantation Possibilities 127 8.3.2 Approach: a Modular Java Environment 129 8.3.3 Comparison with Existing Java Environments 131 8.4 Ongoing Work on Scratchy 132 8.4.1 Multi-Application Management 133 8.4.2 Managing the Processor’s Heterogeneity and Architecture 133 8.4.3 Distribution of Tasks and Management of Soft Real-Time Constraints 133 8.4.4 Energy Management 133 8.5 Conclusion 133 References 134 9 Speech Coding Standards in Mobile Communications 137 Erdal Paksoy, Vishu Viswanathan and Alan McCree 9.1 Introduction 137 9.2 Speech Coder Attributes 138 9.3 Speech Coding Basics 139 9.3.1 Waveform Coders 141 9.3.2 Parametric Coders 141 9.3.3 Linear Predictive Analysis-by-Synthesis 143 9.3.4 Postfiltering 146 9.3.5 Vad/dtx 146 9.3.6 Channel Coding 146 9.4 Speech Coding Standards 147 9.4.1 ITU-T Standards 147 9.4.2 Digital Cellular Standards 148 9.4.3 Wideband Standards 152 9.5 Speech Coder Implementation 153 9.5.1 Specification and Conformance Testing 153 9.5.2 ETSI/ITU Fixed-Point c 154 9.5.3 DSP Implementation 155 9.6 Conclusion 155 Acknowledgements 156 References 156 10 Speech Recognition Solutions for Wireless Devices 160 Yeshwant Muthusamy, Yu-Hung Kao and Yifan Gong 10.1 Introduction 160 10.2 DSP Based Speech Recognition Technology 160 10.2.1 Problem: Handling Dynamic Vocabulary 161 10.2.2 Solution: DSP-GPP Split 161 10.3 Overview of Texas Instruments DSP Based Speech Recognizers 161 10.3.1 Speech Recognition Algorithms Supported 161 10.3.2 Speech Databases Used 161 10.3.3 Speech Recognition Portfolio 162 10.4 TIESR Details 165 10.4.1 Distinctive Features 165 10.4.2 Grammar Parsing and Model Creation 166 10.4.3 Fixed-Point Implementation Issues 167 10.4.4 Software Design Issues 168 10.5 Speech-Enabled Wireless Application Prototypes 168 10.5.1 Hierarchical Organization of APIs 169 10.5.2 InfoPhone 171 10.5.3 Voice E-mail 172 10.5.4 Voice Navigation 173 10.5.5 Voice-Enabled Web Browsing 174 10.6 Summary and Conclusions 175 References 176 11 Video and Audio Coding for Mobile Applications 179 Jennifer Webb and Chuck Lueck 11.1 Introduction 179 11.2 Video 181 11.2.1 Video Coding Overview 182 11.2.2 Video Compression Standards 186 11.2.3 Video Coding on DSPs 187 11.2.4 Considerations for Mobile Applications 188 11.3 Audio 190 11.3.1 Audio Coding Overview 191 11.3.2 Audio Compression Standards 193 11.3.3 Audio Coding on DSPs 195 11.3.4 Considerations for Mobile Applications 196 11.4 Audio and Video Decode on a DSP 198 References 200 12 Security Paradigm for Mobile Terminals 201 Edgar Auslander, Jerome Azema, Alain Chateau and Loic Hamon 12.1 Mobile Commerce General Environment 202 12.2 Secure Platform Definition 203 12.2.1 Security Paradigm Alternatives 204 12.2.2 Secure Platform Software Component 204 12.2.3 Secure Platform Hardware Component 205 12.3 Software Based Security Component 205 12.3.1 Java and Security 205 12.3.2 Definition 205 12.3.3 Features for Security 206 12.3.4 Dependency on OS 207 12.4 Hardware Based Security Component: Distributed Security 207 12.4.1 Secure Mode Description 208 12.4.2 Key Management 210 12.4.3 Data Encryption and Hashing 211 12.4.4 Distributed Security Architecture 212 12.4.5 Tampering Protection 213 12.5 Secure Platform in Digital Base Band Controller/MODEM 214 12.6 Secure Platform in Application Platform 215 12.7 Conclusion 215 13 Biometric Systems Applied To Mobile Communications 217 Dale R. Setlak and Lorin Netsch 13.1 Introduction 217 13.2 The Speaker Verification Task 219 13.2.1 Speaker Verification Processing Overview 219 13.2.2 DSP-Based Embedded Speaker Verification 224 13.3 Live Fingerprint Recognition Systems 225 13.3.1 Overview 225 13.3.2 Mobile Application Characterization 226 13.3.3 Concept of Operations 226 13.3.4 Critical Performance Metrics 228 13.3.5 Basic Elements of the Fingerprint System 233 13.3.6 Prototype Implementation 247 13.3.7 Prototype System Processing 248 13.4 Conclusions 251 References 251 14 The Role of Programmable DSPs in Digital Radio 253 Trudy Stetzler and Gavin Ferris 14.1 Introduction 253 14.2 Digital Transmission Methods 254 14.3 Eureka-147 System 255 14.3.1 System Description 255 14.3.2 Transmission Signal Generation 262 14.3.3 Receiver Description 265 14.4 Iboc 279 14.5 Satellite Systems 284 14.6 Conclusion 285 References 286 15 Benchmarking DSP Architectures for Low Power Applications 287 David Hwang, Cimarron Mittelsteadt and Ingrid Verbauwhede 15.1 Introduction 287 15.2 LPC Speech Codec Algorithm 288 15.2.1 Segmentation 288 15.2.2 Silence Detection 288 15.2.3 Pitch Detection Algorithm 289 15.2.4 LPC Analysis – Vocal Tract Modeling 289 15.2.5 Bookkeeping 290 15.3 Design Methodology 290 15.3.1 Floating-Point to Fixed-Point Conversion 290 15.3.2 Division Algorithm 292 15.3.3 Hardware Allocation 293 15.4 Platforms 293 15.4.1 Texas Instruments TI C54x 293 15.4.2 Texas Instruments TI C55x 294 15.4.3 Texas Instruments TI C6x 294 15.4.4 Ocapi 294 15.4.5 A|RT Designer 294 15.5 Final Results 294 15.5.1 Area Estimate 295 15.5.2 Power Estimate 295 15.6 Conclusions 297 Acknowledgements 298 References 298 16 Low Power Sensor Networks 299 Alice Wang, Rex Min, Masayuki Miyazaki, Amit Sinha and Anantha Chandrakasan 16.1 Introduction 299 16.2 Power-Aware Node Architecture 300 16.3 Hardware Design Issues 302 16.3.1 Processor Energy Model 303 16.3.2 Dvs 304 16.3.3 Leakage Considerations 306 16.4 Signal Processing in the Network 311 16.4.1 Optimizing Protocols 312 16.4.2 Energy-Efficient System Partitioning 313 16.5 Signal Processing Algorithms 317 16.5.1 Energy–Agile Filtering 318 16.5.2 Energy–Agile Data Aggregation 319 16.6 Signal Processing Architectures 320 16.6.1 Variable-Length Filtering 321 16.6.2 Variable Precision Architecture 322 16.7 Conclusions 324 References 324 17 The Pleiades Architecture 327 Arthur Abnous, Hui Zhang, Marlene Wan, George Varghese, Vandana Prabhu, Jan Rabaey 17.1 Goals and General Approach 327 17.2 The Pleiades Platform – The Architecture Template 329 17.3 The Control Processor 331 17.4 Satellite Processors 332 17.5 Communication Network 334 17.6 Reconfiguration 338 17.7 Distributed Data-Driven Control 339 17.7.1 Control Mechanism for Handling Data Structures 342 17.7.2 Summary 345 17.8 The Pleiades Design Methodology 345 17.9 The P1 Prototype 348 17.9.1 P1 Benchmark Study 350 17.10 The Maia Processor 352 17.10.1 Control Processor 353 17.10.2 Address Generator Processor 353 17.10.3 Memory Units 354 17.10.4 Multiply-Accumulate Unit 354 17.10.5 Arithmetic/Logic Unit 354 17.10.6 Embedded FPGA 354 17.10.7 Maia Results 355 17.11 Summary 357 References 358 18 Application Specific Instruction Set Architecture Extensions for DSPs 361 Jean-Pierre Giacalone 18.1 The Need for Instruction Set Extensibility in a Signal Processor 361 18.2 ISA Extension Capability of the TMS320C55x Processor 362 18.2.1 Control Modes 364 18.2.2 Dataflow Modes 366 18.2.3 Typical C55x Extension Datapath Architecture 367 18.2.4 Integration in Software Development Tools 370 18.3 Domains of Applications and Practical Examples 372 18.4 ISA Extensions Design Flow 376 References 377 19 The Pointing Wireless Device for Delivery of Location Based Applications 379 Pamela Kerwin, John Ellenby and Jeffrey Jay 19.1 Next Generation Wireless Devices 379 19.2 The Platform 379 19.3 New Multimedia Applications 379 19.4 Location Based Information 380 19.5 Using Devices to Summon Information 380 19.6 Pointing to the Real World 380 19.7 Pointing Greatly Simplifies the User Interface 381 19.8 Uses of Pointing 382 19.9 Software Architecture 382 19.9.1 Introduction 382 19.9.2 Assumptions 382 19.9.3 Overview 383 19.9.4 Alternatives 383 19.10 Use of the DSP in the Pointing System 383 19.11 Pointing Enhanced Location Applications 384 19.11.1 Pedestrian Guidance 385 19.11.2 Pull Advertising 386 19.11.3 Entertainment 386 19.12 Benefits of Pointing 387 19.12.1 Wireless Yellow Pages 387 19.12.2 Internationalization 387 19.12.3 GIS Applications 387 19.12.4 Entertainment and Gaming 388 19.12.5 Visual Aiding and Digital Albums 388 19.13 Recommended Data Standardization 388 19.13.1 Consideration of Current Standards Efforts 388 19.13.2 Device Data Types and Tiered Services 388 19.13.3 Data Specifications 389 19.13.4 Data Format 391 19.13.5 Is it Sufficient? 393 19.14 Conclusion 393 Index 395

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Book SynopsisCDMA is an integral part of next generation wireless communications. This work covers both CDMA and TDMA-based satellite communications. It provides an overview of related satellite systems and services and presents research and designs of spectrally efficient systems.Trade Review"...a useful companion for broadcast developers and researchers..." (EBU Technical Review, 24 September 2002)Table of ContentsPreface. The Generalized CDMA. Spreading Sequences. Switched CDMA Networks. Code Division Switching. The Satellite Switched CDMA Throughput. The Spectrally Efficient CDMA Performance. Network Access and Synchronization. Carrier Recovery for 'Sub-Coherent' CDMA. Nonlinear Amplification of Synchronous CDMA. Optimization Techniques for 'Pseudo-Orthogonal' CDMA. Index.

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Book SynopsisRecent years have witnessed an explosion of new operators and customers of cellular mobile communications and the importance of wireless/mobile communications in todaya s telecommunications industry is indisputable.Trade Review"The final report of the COST 259 project that explored radio system aspect for flexible personalized communication capable of delivering...services on different bandwidths...new modeling techniques...related planing tools...across a number of different environments." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 25, No. 3, September 2001)Table of ContentsPreface vii Table of Contents ix List of Acronyms xii I Introduction 1 1.1 Evolution of Wireless/Mobile Communication 1 1.2 Description of COST 259 7 1.3 References 12 2 Radio Systems Aspects 13 2.1 OFDM and Frequency Domain Techniques 14 2.1.1. Introduction 14 2.1.2. Alternative forms 17 2.1.3. Modulation and demodulation 24 2.1.4. Channel coding 26 2.1.5. Multiple access schemes 29 2.1.6. Amplitude limitation 29 2.1.7. Intercell interference 30 2.1.8. Synchronization 31 2.2 CDMA 43 2.2.1. Introduction 43 2.2.2. RAKE receivers 44 2.2.3. Linear and non-linear interference cancellation 45 2.2.4. Coding and modulation 47 2.2.5. Smart antennas 49 2.2.6. Parameter estimation 50 2.2.7. Demonstrators 51 2.2.8. Summary and conclusions 51 2.3 Modulation and Coding 51 2.3.1. Linear modulation 52 2.3.2. Non-linear modulation 53 2.3.3. FEC coding techniques 55 2.3.4. Equalization 58 2.3.5 Adaptive coding and modulation 59 2.4. DECT and Adaptive Sampling 62 2.4.1. Introduction and motivation 62 2.4.2. Principle of adaptive sampling 63 2.4.3. Determination of optimum sampling time 64 2.4.4. Non-linear receiver structures 65 2.4.5. Summary and conclusions 66 2.5 References 66 3 Antennas and Propagation 77 3.1. General Aspects of Propagation 78 3.1.1. Statistical and empirical modelling 79 3.1.2. Propagation measurements and channel sounders 112 3.1.3. Deterministic modelling 132 3.2 Directional Channel Modelling 148 3.2.1. Modelling concept 149 3.2.2. Outdoor measurements results 160 3.2.3. Indoor measurements results 171 3.2.4. Parameter settings 178 3.3. Smart Antennas 194 3.3.1. Introduction 194 3.3.2. Space and antenna diversity 197 3.3.3. Polarization diversity 201 3.3.4. Antenna arrays 203 3.4. Millimetre-wave Propagation 223 3.4.1. Path loss modeling 223 3.4.2. Wideband channel modeling 229 3.4.3. Impact of shaped lens antennas on the ChIR and cell coverage 239 3.5 Antennas for Mobile Phones 251 3.5.1 Communications performance 251 3.5.2. Standardized phone measurements 261 3.6. References 277 4 Network Aspects 307 4.1. Compatibility and Spectrum Efficiency 308 4.1.1. Spectral compatibility 308 4.1.2. Spectrum efficiency 314 4.2. Channel Allocation Strategies 327 4.2.1. Introduction 327 4.2.2. Concise data for automated frequency planning 330 4.2.3. Fixed channel allocation using graph colouring 335 4.2.4. Fixed channel allocation maximizing assigned TRXs 336 4.2.5. Fixed channel allocation minimizing interference 337 4.2.6. Distributed dynamic channel allocation 346 4.2.7. Benchmarking frequency allocation strategies 348 4.3. Cellular Aspects 359 4.3.1. Cell modelling 359 4.3.2. Tele-traffic engineering 363 4.3.3. Hot spot location 373 4.3.4. Mobility models 377 4.4. Network Optimization 386 4.4.1. Handover, power control and direct retry 386 4.4.2. Frequency hopping for capacity enhancement 398 4.4.3. Quality and capacity enhancement by adaptive techniques 407 4.5. Planning Methods and Tools 412 4.5.1. Geographic data 412 4.5.2. Methods for optimized planning 415 4.5.3. UMTS planning 419 4.6 Efficient Protocols for High Data Rates 426 4.6.1. High data rate protocols: general aspects 427 4.6.2. Wireless ATM 428 4.6.3. Packet reservation multiple access 429 4.7 References 433 Annex I – List of Contributors 451 Annex II – List of Participating Institutions 453 Index 457

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Book SynopsisAll the expert guidance you need to understand, build, and operate GPS receivers The Second Edition of this acclaimed publication enables readers to understand and apply the complex operation principles of global positioning system (GPS) receivers.Trade Review"Recommended for libraries serving graduate engineering programs or specialists." (E-STREAMS, May 2005)Table of ContentsPreface. Preface to the First Edition. Chapter 1. Introduction. Chapter 2. Basic GPS Concept. Chapter 3. Satellite Constellation. Chapter 4. Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed Coordinate System. Chapter 5. GPS C/A Code Signal Structure. Chapter 6. Receiver Hardware Considerations. Chapter 7. Acquisition of GPSb C/A Code Signals. Chapter 8. Tracking GPS Signals. Chapter 9. GPS Software Receivers. Chapter 10. Acquisition of Weak Signals. Chapter 11. Tracking Weak Signals. Chapter 12. GPS Receiver-Related Subjects. Index.

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Book SynopsisDo you roam the road making a living, or are you enjoying the nomadic life of a retiree with a motor home? Either way, life goes on no matter where you''re hanging your hat tonight. Bills still need to be paid, grandchildren grow up way too fast, and you''ve gotten pretty dependent on your e-mail. How do you stay connected to the rest of the world while you''re on the road? For a growing number of over-the-road drivers, business travelers, and RV enthusiasts, the answer is a wireless Internet connection. With a laptop and wireless access, you can Pay bills, check accounts, and handle banking online Send and receive e-mail Surf the Web Access your home PC Make inexpensive phone calls with VoIP Watch TV, download movies, and listen to satellite radio So, you say, I see people in movies popping open their laptops and getting online wherever they happen to be. It looks awfully easywhy do I need a book? WeTable of ContentsIntroduction. Part I: The Wonderful World of Wireless Fidelity. Chapter 1: Taking the Wi-Fi Highway. Chapter 2: Selecting a Standard. Chapter 3: Gearing Up. Chapter 4: Putting Your Gear Together. Part II: Surfing the Net Unplugged. Chapter 5: Spotting Hotspots. Chapter 6: Using Truck– and RV–Friendly Hotspots. Part III: Bridging the Wireless Gap. Chapter 7: Cellular Data Services: Can You Connect Me Now? Chapter 8: Reattaching the Wired Tether. Chapter 9: Sky-High Wi-Fi. Part IV: Securing Your Information. Chapter 10: Taking Common–Sense Steps to Security. Chapter 11: Encrypting Data. Chapter 12: Accessing Your Home PC Remotely. Part V: Taking Care of Business. Chapter 13: Talking Cheap with VoIP. Chapter 14: Managing the Over-the-Road Office. Part VI: Entertaining Electronics. Chapter 15: Extra-Terrestrial Radio. Chapter 16: Taking the Show on the Road. Part VII: The Part of Tens. Chapter 17: Ten Must–Have Travel Accessories. Chapter 18: Ten Fantastic Free Applications. Index.

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Book SynopsisThoroughly revised and updated, this second edition offers a fundamental and comprehensive treatment of how mobile systems operate in a variety of scenarios. This unrivalled approach concentrates on the properties of the radio channel, a vital and central feature that places fundamental limitations on the performance of radio systems. Bringing the reader completely up-to-date, this book: * Features two new chapters: ''Multipath Mitigation Techniques'' and ''Radio System Planning'' * Surveys various alternative methods of predicting the mean signal strength and its variability, and discusses their applications * Introduces ray-tracing methods in connection with indoor propagation * Discusses multipath and its effects on narrowband and wideband systems * Describes channel sounders and reviews methods of hardware and software simulation * Examines man-made noise and interference and discusses the resulting performance degradation By equipping the reader witTrade Review"In a textbook for a graduate course and reference for systems designers and researchers, Parsons...synthesizes from technical papers basic information about the mobile radio channel itself..." (SciTech Book News Vol. 25, No. 2 June 2001)Table of ContentsPreface. Preface to the First Edition. Introduction. Fundamentals of VHF and UHF Propagation. Propagation over Irregular Terrain. Propagation in Built-up Areas. Characterisation of Multipath Phenomena. Wideband Channel Characterisation. Other Mobile Radio Channels. Sounding, Sampling anf Simulation. Man-made Noise and Interference. Mitigation of Multipath Effects. Planning Radio Networks. Appendix A: Rayleigh Graph Paper and Receiver Noise Figure. Appendix B: Rayleigh Distribution (dB) and CNR in a Rayleigh Fading Environment. Appendix C: Deriving PDFs for Variables in Logarithmic Units. Appendix D: Effective Signal Envelope. Index.

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