Description
Book SynopsisSince the major pioneering of joint replacement surgery more than fifty years ago, much research and progress has been made in the field of arthroplasty with new insights into better materials, types of cement and bone-cell compatible coatings, and a better understanding of the causes of implant failure.
Table of ContentsPreface xi
1 Introduction 1
References 5
2 Basic Anatomy 7
2.1 Terminology 7
2.2 Human Skeleton 8
2.3 Joints 10
2.4 Cartilage 10
2.5 Protein and Collagen 11
2.6 Human Bone 14
References 22
3 Anatomy of Joints 25
3.1 Shoulder 25
3.2 Elbow 29
3.3 Wrist 34
3.4 Finger 38
3.5 Hip 38
3.6 Knee 43
3.7 Ankle 49
3.8 Foot 52
3.9 Toe 52
3.10 Degradation of Joints 54
References 56
4 Methods of Inspection for Joint Replacements 59
4.1 Introduction 59
4.2 Gait Analysis 60
4.3 X-ray 61
4.4 Tomography and Computed Tomography (CT) 64
4.5 Radionuclide Scanning 66
4.6 Ultrasonography 66
4.7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 67
References 69
5 Materials in Human Joint Replacement 71
5.1 Introduction 71
5.2 Alloy Metals 71
5.3 Ceramics 79
5.4 Polymers 83
5.5 Joint Replacement Materials in Service 91
5.6 Nanomaterials 95
References 98
6 Methods of Manufacture of Joint Replacements 103
6.1 Introduction 103
6.2 Surface Finish 104
6.3 Tolerance 106
6.4 Wear and Friction 106
6.5 Machining 106
6.6 Forging 112
6.7 Casting 114
6.8 Manufacture of Polymer Parts 119
6.9 Surface Treatment 121
6.10 Surface Finishing of Implants 125
6.11 Manufacture of Joint Replacements 127
References 128
7 Computer-Aided Engineering in Joint Replacements 131
7.1 Introduction 131
7.2 Reverse Engineering 132
7.3 Solid Modelling 133
7.4 Finite Element Analysis (FEA) 137
7.5 Rapid Prototyping (RP) in Joint Replacement Manufacture 141
7.6 Computer-Aided Manufacture 145
7.7 Navigation 150
7.8 Robotics 153
References 162
8 Joint Replacement 167
8.1 Introduction 167
8.2 Shoulder 171
8.3 Elbow 175
8.4 Wrist 178
8.5 Fingers 180
8.6 Hip 183
8.7 Knee 191
8.8 Ankle 200
8.9 Foot and Toe 203
References 206
Index
