Biology, life sciences Books

Book SynopsisCoumarins: Biology, Applications and Mode of Action predominantly focuses on the parent compound, coumarin, and its main metabolite in humans, 7-hydroxycoumarin. It describes in detail every facet of these compounds including history, toxicology, chemistry, metabolism, analysis, clinical, veterinary and other applications, their roles as immunomodulatory agents and speculates on their mode of action.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: History of the Development and Applications of Coumarin and Coumarin-related Compounds (I. Weinmann). The Chemistry and Occurrence of Coumarins (G. Keating & R. O'Kennedy). Coumarin as an Immunomodulator (G. Zlabinger). Mode of Action of Coumarin in the Treatment of Thermal Injuries (N. Piller). The Potential Role of Coumarins in the Therapy of Prostate Cancer (J. Mohler, et al.). Clinical and Biological Observations Associated with Coumarins (R. Thornes). Analysis of Coumarins (D. Bogan, et al.). Suggested Modes of Action of Coumarins and Some Comments on their Significance (R. O'Kennedy & R. Thornes). Index.

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Book SynopsisElaborating on an updating the material covered in his bestselling Western Europe, David Pinder now addresses the whole of Europe--east and west--in this peerless analysis of contemporary European issues and their geographical consequences.Trade Review"The New Europe is a well written work by an impressive group of scholars who present the results of their solid research." (The Professional Geographer, May 2001)Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: TOWARDS THE NEW EUROPE. New Europe or New Europes? East-West Development Dynamics in theTwentieth Century (D. Pinder). ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION. Europe in the World Economy (R. Gibb). Industrial Restructuring in the New Democracies (A. Dawson). Tourism and Economic Development (A. Williams & G. Shaw). Transport, Communications and European Integration (R.Vickerman). SOCIAL STRESS IN THE NEW EUROPE. Socio-Economic Change, EU Policy and Social Disadvantage (M. Samers& R. Woods). Urban Life and Social Stress (P. White). Agricultural Change and Rural Stress in the New Democracies (T.Unwin). ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES. Environmental Challenges in the New Democracies (T. Saiko). Transport, Economic Development and the Environment: Squaring thePolicy Circle? (D. Pinder & J. Edwards). Conservation and the Rural Landscape (B. Woodruffe). Contributors. List of Figures. List of Tables. Index.

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Book SynopsisT Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Immunotoxicology Edited by Ian Kimber ZENECA Pharmaceuticals, Central Toxicology Laboratory, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK and Mary Jane K. Selgrade US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, NC, USA Immunotoxicology is a diverse discipline that embraces the investigation of the adverse health effects that may result from the interaction of xenobiotics with the immune system. T lymphocytes orchestrate adaptive immune responses and are of central importance in the consideration of immunotoxicity. These cells and/or the tissue responsible for their functional maturation (the thymus) have been implicated as the primary or secondary targets for chemical insult. Moreover, T lymphocytes play pivotal roles in the induction and elicitation of chemical and protein allergy and in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. Classically, T lymphocytes have been divided into two main populations: CD4 helper T cells and Table of ContentsT Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Immunotoxicology: An Introduction (I. Kimber & M. Selgrade). Functional Subpopulations of CD4¯+ T Lymphocytes (L. Krishnan & T. Mosmann). Functional Subpopulations of CD8¯+ T Lymphocytes (D. Kemeny, et al.). T Lymphocyte Subpopulations and TCDD Immunotoxicity (N. Kerkvliet). T Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Immunotoxicology of Drugs of Abuse (M. Holsapple, et al.). Oxidative Stress and Heavy Metal Modification of T Lymphocyte Subsets (J. Krieger, et al.). The Effect of UV Exposure on the Activation of T-Cell Subsets (S. Ullrich). T Helper Cell Clones and In Vitro Assessment of Immunotoxicity (B. Lawrence & N. Kerkvliet). Influence of the Sympathetic Nervous System on T Helper Cell Function (V. Sanders, et al.). Endocrine Regulation of T Lymphocyte Subpopulations (G. Rook, et al.). T Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Immune Responses to Chemical Allergens (I. Kimber & R. Dearman). T Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Human Allergic Disease (M. Schuyler & J. Wilder). Modulation of T Lymphocyte Responses by Air Pollutants (M. Gilmour & M. Selgrade). T Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Autoimmune Responses to Chemicals and Drugs (D. Oliveira & J. Coleman). Index.

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Book SynopsisThe complex and fascinating subject of endocrinology can often seem rather daunting for non-specialists. For practising endocrinologists too, maintaining a broad overview of the subject can be a major task. Laboratory Animal Endocrinology has been written with both these audiences in mind. Focusing on the species regularly used in experimental studies (including rodents, dogs and monkeys), each chapter presents a wealth of information on hormone structure, synthesis, secretion, receptors, second messengers and their actions, and considers the various physiological and pharmacological processes which may be involved in hormonal regulation. Interspecies'' differences in hormonal structure, metabolism and interactions with drugs and other chemicals are particularly important to toxicologists and in drug safety evaluation. Laboratory Animal Endocrinology also explores these areas of research and provides much-needed support for the interpolation of endocrine data from one test species to aTable of ContentsOrganisation of Endocrine Systems. Endocrine Evolution. The Hypothalamus. The Pituitary. Thyroid and Parathyroid Hormones. The Adrenal Glands. Atrial Natriuretic Factor. The Endocrine Pancreas. Gastrointestinal Hormones. Reproductive Hormones. Endothelin. Erythropoietin. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis text contains a series of basic techniques in immunology most commonly used by non-immunologists. Each technique is presented on two pages and clearly illustrated with two-colour diagrams.Table of ContentsCELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY TECHNIQUES. Cell Preparation. Cell Typing. Cytotoxicity. Cell Culture. Cell Activation. Cell Proliferation. Apoptosis Evaluation. IMMUNOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES. Antigen Preparation. Generation of Polyclonal Antibodies. Generation of Monoclonal Antibodies and Hybridomas. Antibody Characterization. Antibody Purification. Biochemical Antibody Engineering. LABORATORY HOSPITAL TECHNIQUES. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis introduction to quantitative methods for the analysis of ecotoxicological data contains numerous tables, figures and worked examples to provide support in the planning and operation of laboratory and field ecotoxicological experiments.Trade Review"Overall there is enough value in this softcover edition to make it worth its cost for persons in ecology and toxicology." --Technometrics Vol. 42, No. 4 May 2001Table of ContentsBasic Concepts (P. Rotbery). Exploring the Data (D. French & D. Lindley). Field Experiments (D. Gadsden & T. Sparks). The Analysis of Laboratory Toxicity Experiments (R. Meister & P. Van den Brink). Analysis of Field Studies: Regression Analysis (E. Smith & C. Anderson-Cook). Multivariate Techniques (A. Scott & R. Clarke). Environmental Monitoring: Investigating Associations and Trends (L. Conquest). Organochlorines in Bird of Prey Eggs: A Terrestrial Case Study (T. Sparks, et al.). Statistical Techniques for the Ecological Risk Assessment of Chemicals in Freshwaters (M. Crane, et al.). Trying to Detect Impacts in Marine Habitats: Comparisons with Suitable Reference Areas (A. Underwood). Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisCurrent trends in transport, particularly the rise in CO_2 emissions, indicate that major changes in technology, public policy and individual behaviour are necessary to make the transport system more compatible with environmental sustainability. What then are the possible futures for sustainable systems of transport? In this book future scenarios are constructed on the basis of the recently developed ''spider model''. This model constructs an evaluation framework - based along spatial, institutional, economic and socio-psychological axes - which visualises the core factors that influence transport systems. These factors can operate either separately or in combination - this interaction creates scenarios which range from market-oriented to regulatory systems, and from individual to collective modes of transport. Drawing on the work of a range of transport analysts, the book suggests that the current trend away from sustainability and collective systems is likely to continue, but when soTable of ContentsSETTING THE SCENE. Transportation in a Conflicting Force Field. Transport and the Environment. Major Trends in European Transport. ANALYSIS OF NEW TRANSPORT SYSTEMS. New Transport Systems: Success and Failure Factors. Innovations in Automobile and Aviation Systems. The Potential of New Collective Transport Modes. SCENARIOS FOR SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS. Scenarios for Future Sustainable Transport Systems. The Spider Model for Composing Scenarios. Expert Views on the Future Transport System. New Transport Futures Designed by Expert Opinion. A Segment Analysis of Expert Groups for Transport Scenario Design. Environmental Impacts: Estimation of CO_2 Emissions. The Realism of Sustainable Mobility: An Assessment of Policy Options. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisBiological infrared spectroscopy is a technique for studying the structure of organic molecules applied to the biological sciences. It can be used to determine the structures of proteins and enzymes and is vital to DNA analysis. This is a concise, straightforward book dealing with the infrared spectroscopy for biologists and biochemists.Table of ContentsInstrumentation. Sampling Methods. Spectrum Interpretation. Quantitative Analysis. Applications. Self-Assessment Questions and Responses. Units of Measurement. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis landmark book, which contains contributions from the worlda s foremost mammalian ecotoxicologists, is a truly impressive summary of research undertaken in this field in recent years. It is also the first book to draw such information together in a seamless and unified approach.Trade Review"...these 15 papers consider the differing effects of toxins on various species, the accuracy of predictions...and the significance of toxins relative to other threats." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 25, No. 4, December 2001) "excellent reference book" (The BritishToxicology Society Newsletter, December 2001) "I believe this to be a unique reference work in the field of ecotoxicology which should be invaluable to researchers in the field." (Ecotoxicology, Vol.11, No. 75, 2002) "...a superb summary of over 30 years of toxicity studies available on wild mammals...unparalleled in its breadth and depth and should become a desktop reference for anybody in academics or industry who is involved with mammalian ecotoxicology." (Journal of Mammalogoy, Vol. 83, No. 4, November 2002)Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Series Foreword. Editors' Preface. Abbreviations. Environmental Contaminants (D. Hoffman, et al.). Mammal Classification and Characteristics (G. Amori & R. Nowak). Marsupialia and Monotremata (R. Bolton-Grob, et al.). Insectivora (W.-C. Ma & S. Talmage). Chiroptera (D. Clark & R. Shore). Rodentia and Lagomorpha (S. Sheffield, et al.). Carnivora (C. Mason & C. Wren). Pinnipedia (P. Ross & G.Troisi). Cetacea and Sirenia (T. O'Shea & A. Aguilar). Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla (A. Fr?slie, et al.). Biomarkers for Contaminant Exposure and Effects in Mammals (D. Peakall & K. McBee). Extrapolation of Laboratory Tests to Field Populations (D. Forsyth). Assessing Hazard and Risk of Chemical Exposures to Wild Mammals: Food-chain Analysis and its Role in Ecological Risk Assessment (G. Linder & G. Joermann). Putting the Impacts of Environmental Contamination into Perspective (A. Fairbrother). Summation (R. Ringer). Index.

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Book SynopsisRegardless of the grace of their movement, dancers experience injuries more often than the lugs bucking heads on the rugby field or in the boxing ring.Trade Review"...This book is both interesting and informative....there is muchin the content to benefit any teacher of movement and dance, aswell as full-time students and professionals..." (Dance Teacher,Volume 48, Number 7) "...will undoubtedly be an excellent reference document for thedancer and the dance teacher..." (Physiotherapy in Sport)Table of ContentsBibliography of Editors and Authors xiii Contributors xv Foreword by Sir Peter Wright xvii Foreword by Cynthia Harvey xix Preface xxi Acknowledgements xxv Part I Energy and Food For Exercise And Fitness 1 Yiannis Koutedakis 1 Energy for Exercise and fitness 3 1 Summary 3 2 Introduction 4 3 Definition of Energy 4 4 Measurement of Energy 6 5 Metabolism 7 6 Energy Requirements 8 7 Energy Intakes 11 8 Calculation of Energy Intakes 12 9 Energy Balance 13 10 Production of Energy: the Human Energy Systems 15 11 The Effects of Fitness on the Human Energy Systems 20 12 Conclusions 21 13 Further Reading 22 2 Food for Exercise and Fitness 23 1 Summary 23 2 Introduction 24 3 Carbohydrates 25 4 Dietary Fibre 28 5 Fats 29 6 Proteins 32 7 Vitamins 34 8 Minerals 37 9 Water and Fluid Replacement 41 10 General Dietary Recommendations 44 11 Ergogenic Aids 45 12 Conclusions 47 13 Further Reading 48 Referencesto Part I 49 Part II Fit To Dance 51 Yiannis Koutedakis and N.C. Craig Sharp 3 Non-artistic Components of Dance Performance 53 1 Introduction 53 2 Biomechanical 53 3 Hereditary 55 4 Medical 56 5 Nutritional 57 6 Psychological 58 7 Technological 58 8 Physiological 59 9 Conclusions 63 10 Further Reading 64 4 Muscle and its Physiology 65 1 Introduction 65 2 Types of Muscle 66 3 Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibre 67 4 Motor Units and their Function 70 5 Muscle Force and Cross-sectional Area 73 6 The Structure of the Muscle 73 7 The Mechanism of Muscle Contraction 81 8 Types of Muscle Contraction 84 9 Control and Reflex 85 10 Conclusions 87 11 Further Reading 87 5 The Main Physical Fitness Components and Dance 89 1 Introduction 89 2 Aerobic (Cardiorespiratory) Fitness 92 3 Anaerobic Fitness 105 4 Muscular Strength (and Power) 114 5 Muscular Flexibility and Joint Mobility 128 6 Body Composition 141 7 Conclusions 152 8 Further Reading 153 6 Fitness and Training 155 1 Introduction 155 2 Physical Training 156 3 Warm-up and Cool-Down 162 4 Fatigue 171 5 Conclusions 183 6 Further Reading 183 Acknowledgement 184 References to Part II 185 Part III The Healthy Dancer 193 Introduction 195 7 Overtraining Burnout 197 Yinnis Koutedakis 1 Summary 197 2 Introduction 197 3 Definition of Terms 198 4 Factors Contributing to Overtraining 199 5 Diagnosis of Overtraining 203 6 Symptoms 203 7 Signs 201 8 Overtraining and the Immune System 206 9 Overtraining and Loss of Muscle Strength 207 10 Seasonal Variations in Overtraining 209 11 Diet and Overtraining 210 12 Prevention of Overtraining 210 13 Management of Overtraining 211 14 Conclusions 212 15 Further Reading 212 References 213 8 Asthma and Dance 215 Ray Carson 1 Summary 215 2 Introduction 215 3 Definition of Asthma 216 4 Diagnosis 216 5 Disease Mechanisms 218 6 Effects on Performance 221 7 Prevention 223 8 Treatment 226 9 Conclusions 228 10 Further Reading 228 References 228 9 Body Weight Control 231 Paul Pacy 1 Summary 231 2 Introduction 231 3 Elements of Body Weight—Body Fat 232 4 Are There Ideal Body Weights? 233 5 Factors Affecting Body Weight 234 6 The Role of Nutrition 236 7 Eating Habits and Body Weight Control 240 8 Body Weight After Retirement 246 9 Conclusions 247 10 Further Reading 247 Acknowledgment 247 References 248 10 Body Weight and Bone Density 249 Roger Wolman 1 Summary 249 2 Introduction 246 3 Menstrual Effects of Low Body Weight 250 4 Bone Density and Osteoporosis 254 5 Effects of Low Body Weight on the Skeleton 257 6 Reduced Bone Density 260 7 Management of Low Bone Density and Osteoporosis 260 8 Conclusions 262 9 Further Reading 263 References 263 11 Anatomical and Physiological Gender Differences 265 N. C Craig Sharp 1 Summary 265 2 Introduction 265 3 Gender Formation 266 4 Anatomical Aspects 267 5 Physiological Aspects 273 6 Conclusions 277 7 Further Reading 277 References 277 12 Children and Dance 279 Colin Boreham 1 Summary 279 2 Introduction 280 3 Growth, Maturation and Physical Performance 281 4 Individual Differences in Maturation 284 5 Health Benefits of Dance in Children 284 6 Training for Dance in Children 284 7 Temperature Regulation and Fluid Balance 289 8 Conclusions 290 9 Further Reading 290 References 291 13 Life After a Professional Dance Career 293 Susie Dinan 1 Summary 293 2 Introduction 294 3 International Recognition of the Needs of Dancers in Transition 295 4 The Dancer’s Dilemma 296 5 The Dancer’s Destiny 300 6 Current Initiatives in Dance Education 306 7 Support and Success for Dancers in Transition 307 8 Ageing and the Dancer 309 9 Conclusions 320 10 Further Reading 321 Acknowledgements 321 References 321 Glossary 323 Index 339

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Book SynopsisThis new edition of A.H.W. Nias' successful book provides an updated and revised introduction to quantitative radiobiology, particularly, to those aspects of the subject which have a practical application. Radiation is used to cure cancer but can also cause it. Radiation is also used in medical diagnosis and in nuclear power stations.Table of ContentsHistory and Definitions. Cells and Tissues. Proliferation Kinetics. Ionizing Radiations. Subcellular Radiobiology. Radiation Cell Damage. Reparable Damage. Intrinsic Radiosensitivity. Densely Ionizing Radiation. The Oxygen Effect. Radiosensitizers and Radioprotectors. Normal and Malignant Cells. Radiation Pathology. Whole-Body Radiation. Proliferation Kinetics after Radiation. Fractionated Radiotherapy. Protracted Radiation. Diagnostic Radiology. Environmental Radiation. Radiation Protection. Further Reading. Glossary. Index.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisThis book should be in the library of every transportation researcher. Ronald Sheck Intermodal and guideway research program director, Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of Florida There is no escape from transport. By sea, air, road or rail, we rely on transport to connect individuals, businesses and cities.Trade Review"This is an excellent textbook..." --Progress in Human Geography, January 2001Table of ContentsTransport Geography: An Introduction. Transport and Development: Theoretical Approaches. The Role of Transport in the Development Process. Transport Policy and Control. Transport and Environment. Urban Travel Patterns. Urban Transport Problems and Solutions. Inter-Urban Transport. Rural Areas: The Accessibility Problem. Transport for Tourism and Recreation. Bulk Freight Transport. Multimodal Freight Transport. International Surface Passenger Transport: Prospects and Potential. International Air Transport. Sustainability.

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Book SynopsisIn 1993, an International Task Force for Disease Eradication evaluated over 80 potential candidate diseases and made recommendations. However, little has been done to develop the science of eradication systematically. This book reports the findings of a multidisciplinary workshop on the eradication of infectious diseases. It reviews the history of eradication efforts and lessons from previous campaigns and distinguishes among eradication, elimination, and control programs and extinction of an etiologic agent. It addresses a wide range of related issues, including biological and socio-political criteria for eradication, costs and benefits of eradication campaigns, opportunities for strengthening primary health care in the course of eradication efforts, and other aspects of planning and implementing eradication programs. Finally, it stresses the importance of global mechanisms for formulating and implementing such programs.Table of ContentsWhat Is Eradication? (F. Fenner, et al.). Lessons from Previous Eradication Programs (A. Hinman D. Hopkins). The Role of Mathematical Models in Eradication of Infectious Disease (G. Medley, et al.). Group Report: How Is Eradication to Be Defined and What Are the Biological Criteria? (E. Ottesen, et al.). Disease Eradication Initiatives and General Health Services: Ensuring Common Principles Lead to Mutual Benefits (R. Aylward, et al.). Economic Appraisal of Eradication Programs: The Question of Infinite Benefits ( A. Acharya C. Murray). An Economic Perspective on Programs Proposed for Eradication of Infectious Diseases (M. Gyldmark A. Alban). Group Report: What Are the Criteria for Estimating the Costs and Benefits of Disease Eradication? (R. Hall, et al.). Roles for Public and Private Sectors in Eradication Programs (C. de Quadros, et al.). Overcoming Political and Cultural Barriers to Disease Eradication (S. Foster). Advantages and Disadvantages of Concurrent Eradication Programs (S. Cochi, et al.). Designing Eradication Programs to Strengthen Primary Health Care (C. Taylor R. Waldman). Group Report: What Are the Societal and Political Criteria for Eradication? (S. Cochi, et al.). Are There Better Global Mechanisms for Formulating, Implementing, and Evaluating Eradication Programs? (I. Arita). Thoughts on Organization for Disease Eradication (W. Foege). Group Report: When and How Should Eradication Programs Be Implemented? (R. Goodman, et al.). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisProvides an excellent introductory text for students on the principles and methods of statistical analysis in the life sciences, helping them choose and analyse statistical tests for their own problems and present their findings.Table of ContentsMeasurement and Sampling Concepts. Processing Data. Presenting Data. Measuring the Average. Measuring Variability. Probability. Probability Distributions as Models of Dispersion. The Normal Distribution. Data Transformation. How Good are Our Estimates? The Basis of Statistical Testing. Analysing Frequencies. Measuring Correlations. Regression Analysis. Comparing Averages. Analysis of Variance - ANOVA. Multivariate Analysis. Appendices. Bibliography and Further Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisLand contamination is of global concern with many of the world's industries potentially harming the environment and human health. This book takes into account the different groups involved in contaminated land management and offers a flexible learning approach based on practical experience and research.Trade Review"...invaluable for most people working in the business..." (Water & Environment Magazine, February 2006)Table of Contents1. International Policy. 2. UK Policy. 3. Chemistry for Contaminated Land. 4. Geology for Contaminated Land. 5. Site Characterisation and the Conceptual Model. 6. Risk-based Approach to Contaminated Land Management. 7. Risk Management. 8. Remediation Approaches. 9. Treatment Techniques. 10. Remediation Application. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis text is for advanced undergraduates of microbiology and medical microbiology, presenting a comprehensive introduction to late-1990s molecular biology of the interactions between bacteria and eukaryotic cells, and their relevance to human diseases.Trade Review"A splendidly written book...""...the authors have achieved their goal and the book should be useful to students and researchers in many subject areas." --Microbiology Today, November 2000Table of ContentsBACKGROUND TO CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY. An Introduction to Cellular Microbiology. The Cellular Biology Underlying Prokaryotic-Eukaryotic Interactions. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Signalling Mechanisms. Molecular Techniques Defining Bacterial Virulence Mechanisms. PROKARYOTIC-EUKARYOTIC INTERACTIONS IN INFECTION. Bacterial Adhesion to Host Cells. Bacterial Invasion of Host Cells. Bacterial Protein Toxins: Agents of Disease and Probes of Eukaryotic Cell Behaviour. The Innate Immune Response and Bacterial Infections. Acquired Immunity in the Defence Against Bacteria. Future Developments in Cellular Microbiology. Index.

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Book SynopsisA good working knowledge of statistical principles is needed for both the design and analysis of biological experiments and the subsequent handling of the large amounts of data generated if worthwhile, reliable conclusions are to be reached. Practical Statistics for Experimental Biologists, Second Edition provides biologists with a user-friendly, non-technical introduction to the basics of statistics. The book has been thoroughly revised and updated to incorporate: * Worked examples and printouts from MINITAB * Relevant case studies and applications * Further Notes section for background explanations Written by a biologist with extensive experience of applying statistical procedures to experimental systems, this book will be invaluable to undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers in microbiology, immunology, biochemistry, botany, zoology, physiology, pharmacology and pharmacy. Review of the First Edition ...strongly recommended as the current first choicTrade Review"...a refreshing and useful book..." ---- Trends in Plant Science, September 2000Table of ContentsA Simple Experiment in Pipetting. How to Condense the Bulkiness of Data. Are Those Differences Significant? More About Measurement Differences. Awkward-Measurement Data. How to Deal with Count Data. How to Deal with Proportion Data. Correlation and Regression. Dose-Response Lines and Assays. References. Additional Reading. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisBiofilms are formed by microorganisms growing on surfaces and comprise a series of microcolonies interspersed with spaces through which fluids and other microorganisms move. This book focuses on medical biofilms, covering information on the problems of biofilms, how to detect them and how to control their presence.Table of ContentsContributors. Preface. Glossary. 1. Microbial Biofilms in Medicine (J, Jass, S. Surman and J. Walker). 2. Biofilms Associated with Medical Devices and Implants. Problems of Biofilms Associated with Medical Devices and Implants (R. Donlan). Pathogenesis and Detection of Biofilm Formation, on Medical Impants (C. Von Eiff and G. Peters). Control of Biofilms Associated With Implanted Medical Devices (P. Gilbert, et al.). 3. Microbial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation on Tissue Surfaces. Biofilm-Related Infections on Tissue Surfaces (S. Wai, Y. Mizunoe and J. Jass). Interaction of Biofilms with Tissues (M. Olson, H. Ceri and D. Morck). Control of Microbial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation on Tissue Surfaces (G. Reid, et al. ). 4. Dental Plaque and Bacterial Colonization of Dental Materials. Dental Plaque and Bacterial Colonization (D. Spratt). Detection of Microorganisms in Dental Plaque (D. Dymock). Control of Dental Plaque (R. Sammons). 5. Biofilms Past, Present and Future-New Methods and Control Strategies in Medicine (J. Walker, S. Surman and J. Jass). Index.

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Book SynopsisArtificial Life is the brainchild of scientists who view self-replicating computer programs - such as computer viruses - as new forms of life. This book looks at the social and simulated worlds of Artificial Life - primarily at the Santa Fe Institute, a well-known center for studies in the sciences of complexity.Table of ContentsPreface to the Paperback Edition Acknowledgments Introduction I Simulation in Santa Fe 2 The Word for World Is Computer 3 Inside and Outside the Looking-Glass Worlds of Artificial Life 4 Concerning the Spiritual in Artificial Life 5 Artificial Life in a Worldwide Web Coda Notes References IndexX

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Book SynopsisThe Exclamation Damsel, Bison Snaketail, Powdered Dancer, Black Meadowhaw and Sedge Sprite are just a few of California's abundant dragonflies and damselflies. This reference is a complete guide to finding and identifying all 108 of the state's dragonfly and damselfly species.Table of ContentsPreface INTRODUCTION Adult Dragonfly Anatomy Dragonfly Behavior Feeding Behavior Antipredator Behavior Reproductive Behavior Thermoregulation Dispersal Life Cycles and Larvae of Dragonflies Family and Subfamily Key to Dragonfly Larvae Distribution Watching Dragonflies Identifying Dragonflies Taxonomy and Nomenclature About the Maps Family and Subfamily Key to Adult Dragonflies SPECIES ACCOUNTS Broad-winged Damsels (Family Calopterygidae) Spreadwings (Family Lestidae) Pond Damsels (Family Coenagrionidae) Petaltails (Family Petaluridae) Darners (Family Aeshnidae) Clubtails (Family Gomphidae) Spiketails (Family Cordulegastridae) Skimmers, Emeralds and Baskettails, and Cruisers (Family Libellulidae) Cruisers (Macromiinae) Emeralds and Baskettails (Corduliinae) Skimmers (Libellulinae) Checklist of California Dragonflies and Damselflies Species of Hypothetical Occurrence Glossary References Index

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Book SynopsisIntroduces California's mammals by describing techniques for recognizing their presence, and when possible, methods for watching them in their natural habitats. This guide includes 144 line drawings, 143 range maps, and 18 illustrated color plates. It gives overviews of mammal evolution, biology and anatomy, natural history, and conservation.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Maps MAMMAL ECOLOGY Introduction Studying Mammals Origins of Mammals Reproduction Social Groups Population Fluctuations Thermoregulation Seasonal Dormancy Senses Migration and Movements Mammals and California Society Food of Mammals Identification of Mammals SPECIES ACCOUNTS Marsupialia Opossums (Didelphidae) Insectivora Shrews (Soricidae) Moles (Talpidae) Chiroptera Flight Echolocation Reproduction Leaf-nosed Bats (Phyllostomidae) Vesper Bats (Vespertilionidae) Free-tailed Bats (Molossidae) Carnivora Dogs, Foxes, and Allies (Canidae) Bears (Ursidae) Raccoons and Ringtails (Procyonidae) Weasels, Marten, Skunks, and Allies (Mustelidae) Cats (Felidae) Pinnipeds (Pinnipedia) Sea Lions or Eared Seals (Otariidae) Seals (Phocidae) Cetacea Sperm Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises (Odontoceti) Dolphins and Allies (Delphinidae) Porpoises (Phocoenidae) Sperm Whales (Physeteridae) Beaked Whales (Ziphiidae) Whalebone Whales or Baleen Whales (Mysticeti) Gray Whale (Eschrichtidae) Rorquals (Balaenopteridae) Right Whales (Balaenidae) Perissodactyla Horses (Equidae) Artiodactyla Pigs (Suidae) Deer (Cervidae) Sheep, Goats, and Cattle (Bovidae) Rodentia Porcupine (Erethizontidae) Mountain Beaver (Aplodontidae) Squirrels (Sciuridae) Beavers (Castoridae) Jumping Mice (Dipodidae) Pocket Gophers, Kangaroo Rats, Kangaroo Mice, and Pocket Mice (Geomyidae) Rats, Mice, Voles, and Allies (Muridae) Lagomorpha Pikas (Ochotonidae) Rabbits and Hares (Leporidae) Glossary References Index

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Book SynopsisScientific discoveries about the animal kingdom fuel ideological battles on many fronts, especially battles about sex and gender. This book exposes the anthropomorphism and gender politics that have colored our understanding of the natural world and shows how feminism can help move us away from our ideological biases.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Note on Species Names Introduction: An Ode to Witlessness Part One. Sexual Stereotypes and the Biases That Bind 1. Sex and the Death of a Loon 2. Substitute Stereotypes: The Myth of the Ecofeminist Animal 3. Selfless Motherhood and Other Unnatural Acts 4. DNA and the Meaning of Marriage 5. The Care and Management of Sperm Part Two. Unnatural Myths 6. Sex and the Scala Naturae (or, Worms in the Gutter) 7. Bonobos: Dolphins of the New Millennium 8. The Alpha Chicken Part Three. Human Evolutionary Perspectives 9. Soccer, Adaptation, and Orgasms 10. Sacred or Cellular: The Meaning of Menstruation 11. That's Not Sex, They're Just Glad to See Each Other 12. Can Voles Do Math? Conclusion: Unnatural Boundaries Selected Readings References Index

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Book SynopsisMollusca, the second largest animal phylum that boasts a fossil record of over 540 million years, includes the bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods. This study treats each taxon and supplies information as well as overviews of its evolution and phylogeny using data from morphological, ultrastructural, molecular, developmental, and fossil records.Trade Review"Provides an updated collation badly needed... Makes exciting reading, all the more so because in providing overviews of work in progress it reflects divergent opinions." Science (AAAS) "[Will] serve as standard reference for evolutionary ecologists over the next decade." Marine Ecology "This book is a must-have for researchers studying molluscan (or even invertebrate) evolution. It includes an incredible amount of useful information, all of which is well-referenced." Bulletin Of Marine Science "The book has been carefully edited and is rich in high-quality figures... A standard reference for evolutionary ecologists over the next decade." -- Martin Zuschin Marine Ecology

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Book SynopsisA guide to California's trees, it provides a photographic compendium of 107 native and 311 ornamental species. It gives the what, how, and where of tree selection, planting, and design, paying attention to the need for improving sustainability. It features an overview of topography, geography and climates that define California's unique landscape.Trade Review"Belongs right next to 'The Sunset Western Garden Book' in the core library of every California landscape architect, designer, horticulturist and nursery worker. Planners, builders and developers should also find it indispensable." Herbertia

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Book SynopsisPearly mussels (Unionoidea) live in lakes, rivers, and streams around the world. These bivalves play important roles in freshwater ecosystems and were once culturally and economically valuable as sources of food, pearls, and mother-of-pearl. This book offers a synthesis of the factors that control the distribution and abundance of pearly mussels.Trade Review"Highly recommended." -- S. R. Fegley Choice "Illuminating and thought provoking... This timely book will entice still more ecologists to study and help save these fascinating animals." -- Wendell R. Haag Conservation Biology "A must-read for anyone working or studying the ecology of this diverse and endangered assemblage of mollusks." -- Daniel L. Graf Journal Of Molluscan Stds/ Malacologist "Excellent... This book is engagingly written throughout, and provides ... a reflection on the dilemma of modern ecology." Qtly Review Of Biology "This thorough, authoritative and highly enjoyable read is a must for all freshwater biologists." Freshwater Biology "Thoughtful, and thought-provoking... A valuable read for most ecologists, especially those concerned with the conservation of this threatened species." Biofeedback "The approach outlined in the book could be used for any group of organisms." Journal Of North American Benthological SocietyTable of ContentsPreface PART ONE: The Laboratory 1. The Model as Monster 2. The Case of Pearly Mussels PART TWO: The Monster's Parts 3. Dispersal 4. Habitat 5. Hosts 6. Food 7. Enemies 8. Implications for Conservation PART THREE: Making the Monster Walk 9. Three Models for Mussel Ecology 10. Is a Comprehensive Model Possible? Literature Cited Index

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Book SynopsisHelps readers encounter humpback whales that build nets from bubbles, gain a disturbing maternal perspective on the dolphin-tuna issue, and uncover intimate details about whale sex. This book enables you to contemplate the meaning of the complex social networks that exist in the seas.Trade Review"An appealing, agitating foray into the world of whales that ignites both protective instincts and a hungry curiosity to know more." Kirkus Reviews Cogent, compassionate ... Brilliant at pursuing seemingly unrelated trails back down the blowhole, Kelsey illuminates the "humanity" of whales. Publishers Weekly "Engaging portrayal of the lives and culture of whales." The Economist "Charming... Will be of interest to all whale and dolphin watchers." ChoiceTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. Extreme Motherhood 2. A Sea of Milk 3. Looking for Whales in All the Wrong Places 4. Resident Aliens? 5. How to Make a Really Rich Sea 6. Popular Mechanics: What Chimpanzees and Dolphins Can Teach Us about Tools 7. Mirror, Mirror on the Wall, Who's the Smartest One of All? 8. Building Nets from Bubbles and Other Mysterious Talents of Humpback Whales 9. Do Baby Sperm Whales Suck Milk through Their Noses? 10. Deep Culture 11. What's the Use of Granny? 12. Dolphin Snatchers 13. Friendly Mothers, Friendly Calves? 14. The War on Fish 15. Why Blue Whales Gotta Be Big 16. What You Can See by Listening 17. What You Can Learn from the Dead 18. Let's Talk about Sex, Baby 19. Missing Meat 20. Shifting Scale Notes Index

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Book SynopsisHelps readers embark on a multifaceted exploration of trees that illuminates the profound connections we have with them, the dazzling array of goods and services they provide, and the powerful lessons they hold for us. This book describes trees' intricate root systems, and their role in commerce and medicine.Trade Review"A wide-ranging and eye-opening book about trees and our connections to them." New Scientist "A wealth of entertaining arboreal facts and figures, but her personal anecdotes are the book's most compelling and inimitable feature." Publishers Weekly "Nadkarni's writing is like a love letter to trees that effortlessly mixes poetry and prose with environmentalism, culture, history and science." Foreword "Anyone who loves trees, who admires their steadfastness, who finds in their presence a certain peace ... will love this book." Canadian Field-Naturalist "Uplifting and edifying... Nadkarni has given us ... a kind of encyclopedic examination of nearly EVERYTHING that has to do with trees." Ecology "Nadkarni introduces readers to trees in a stunning variety of ways." -- Frederick J. Swanson, Us Forest Service Oregon Historical Qtly "Nadkarni is a wonder... Every page enthralls." Terrain MagazineTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction: View from the Top 1. What Is a Tree? 2. Goods and Services 3. Shelter and Protection 4. Health and Healing 5. Play and Imagination 6. Connections to Time 7. Signs and Symbols 8. Spirituality and Religion 9. Mindfulness Scientific Names of Trees in the Text Notes Recommended Readings Poetry Credits Index

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Book SynopsisAn introduction to many facets of Scopes trial - the scientific evidence for evolution, the legal and educational basis for its teaching, and the various religious points of view - as well as a concise history of the evolution-creationism controversy.Table of ContentsFOREWORD:The Unmetabolized Darwin by Niles Eldredge FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION by Judge John E. Jones III PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INTRODUCTION: The Pillars of Creationism PART I: Science, Evolution, Religion, and Creationism CHAPTER 1. Science: Truth without Certainty CHAPTER 2. Evolution CHAPTER 3. Beliefs: Religion, Creationism, and Naturalism PART II: A History of the Creationism/Evolution Controversy CHAPTER 4. Before Darwin to the Twentieth Century CHAPTER 5. Eliminating Evolution, Inventing Creation Science CHAPTER 6. Neocreationism CHAPTER 7. Testing Intelligent Design and Evidence against Evolution in the Courts PART III: Selections from the Literature CHAPTER 8. Cosmology, Astronomy, Geology CHAPTER 9. Patterns and Processes of Biological Evolution CHAPTER 10. Legal Issues CHAPTER 11. Educational Issues CHAPTER 12. Issues Concerning Religion CHAPTER 13. The Nature of Science CHAPTER 14. Evolution and Creationism in the Media and Public Opinion REFERENCES FOR FURTHER EXPLORATION NAME INDEX SUBJECT INDEX

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Book SynopsisExplores the myriad ways in which the insects have enriched our lives - culturally, economically, and aesthetically. This book describes how many of the valuable products insects have given us are made, how they were discovered, and how they have been used through time and across cultures.Trade Review"Abuzz with obscure lore about a host of bugs that are as accommodating to humans as bedbugs, fleas, and mosquitoes are annoying." Natural History "Accessible, easy prose ready-made for a broad, curious audience." Publishers Weekly "Reading this book is like sitting at the feet of a favourite uncle on a winter evening beside a crackling fire." New Scientist "An easy-to-read book that is interesting and entertaining." Foreword "Professional yet conversational, Waldbauer's essays are an homage to a world that first fascinated him as a child." Audubon MagazineTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Note Introduction I. Insects People Like II. The Silk We Wear III. Dyeing the Cloth IV. Baubles, Bracelets, and Anklets V. Candles, Shellac, and Sealing Wax VI. Paper and Ink VII. Butterflies in Your Tummy VIII. Satisfying the Sweet Tooth IX. Cures and Nostrums X. Insect Pets and Performers Epilogue. The Ecological Context Selected References Acknowledgments Index

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Book SynopsisSuitable for scientists, conservationists, and professional and amateur enthusiasts who wish to study Mexican turtles, this title offers a guide to the biology, ecology, evolution, and distribution of more than fifty freshwater and terrestrial turtle taxa found in Mexico.Trade Review"This volume is the first thorough coverage of the taxonomy, life history, and ecology of all species of Mexican turtles; The worldwide issue of turtle conservation will be greatly served with this thorough presentation... All land managers, conservation biologists, and herpetologists interested in Mexican biodiversity or turtles in particular should have a copy of this comprehensive coverage of an important group of animals." -- Bernd Heinrich The Quarterly Review of Biology

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Book SynopsisOffers an overview of why creationism fails with respect to the fundamentals of scientific inquiry. This title explains the basics of logic and rhetoric at the heart of scientific thinking, shows what a logical syllogism is, and tells how one can detect that an argument is logically fallacious, and therefore invalid, or even duplicitous.Trade Review"Fascinating... A primer for honing reasoning skills and using logic along with informed knowledge to offset specious and bombastic disputes." -- Rita Hoots NSTA RecommendsTable of ContentsForeword by Francisco J. Ayala 1. Logic, Logical Fallacies, and Rhetoric 2. The Basics 3. Some Simple Math and Statistics 4. "Young-Earth" Creationism Epilogue: The Literal Meaning of Genesis Acknowledgments Glossary Annotated Reference List

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Book SynopsisCan fossil embryos demonstrate evolutionary changes in reproductive modes? How have changes in ocean chemistry in the past affected the development of marine organisms? And, what can the microstructure of fossil bone and teeth reveal about maturation time, longevity and changes in growth phases? This book addresses these and other issues.Trade Review"An original thinker, who can put it all together." Acta Zoologica "A comprehensive summary of cutting-edge evolutionary research in an academically rigorous but refreshingly accessible manner." Developmental Dynamics "A light-hearted ... narrative integrating some of the treasures of paleontology." Evolution & Development "A captivating account of what the fossil record can say about development." Trends In Ecology & Evolution "Recommended." Choice "Sachez explains complex ideas simply and vividly, but also professionally and with no shortcuts... Enriching and stimulating." -- Dmitry A. Ruban, Rostov am Don Palaontologie allgemeinTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Prologue 1. Fossils, Ontogeny, and Phylogeny 2. Evo-Devo, Plasticity, and Modules 3. Fossilized Vertebrate Ontogenies 4. Bones and Teeth under the Microscope 5. Proportions, Growth, and Taxonomy 6. Growth and Diversification Patterns 7. Fossils and Developmental Genetics 8. "Missing Links" and the Evolution of Development 9. Mammalian and Human Development 10. On Trilobites, Shells, and Bugs Epilogue: Is There a Moral to Developmental Paleontology? Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisPresents information on the natural histories of birds of the Sierra Nevada, the origins of their names, the habitats they prefer, how they communicate and interact with one another, their relative abundance, and where they occur within the region.Trade Review"Presents the most up-to-date information available about the natural histories of birds of the Sierra Nevada." The Union "[This] book will deepen the experience of visits to the range for serious ornithologists and casual hikers alike." BirdWatching "A thorough, accessible text embracing a massive and diverse region of California... [The book] distills wisdom from many people who love both the avifauna and the high country and will inspire many of us to follow in their tracks." -- Claire Peaslee West Marin County "A book like Birds of the Sierra Nevada reaffirms your faith in how birding can dovetail with conservation, and in what birding can do for our collective sense of meaningful communion with nature." Birding MagazineTable of ContentsForeword Preface Acknowledgments INTRODUCTION ECOLOGICAL ZONES AND BIRD HABITATS RECENT TRENDS IN SIERRA BIRD POPULATIONS AND RANGES UNANSWERED QUESTIONS ABOUT SIERRA BIRDS BIRD CONSERVATION IN THE SIERRA Family and Species Accounts WATERFOWL • Anatidae QUAIL • Odontophoridae FOWL-LIKE BIRDS • Phasianidae LOONS • Gaviidae GREBES • Podicipedidae CORMORANTS • Phalacrocoracidae PELICANS • Pelecanidae HERONS AND RELATIVES • Ardeidae IBIS • Threskiornithidae NEW WORLD VULTURES • Cathartidae OSPREY • Pandionidae HAWKS AND RELATIVES • Accipitridae FALCONS • Falconidae RAILS AND RELATIVES • Rallidae CRANES • Gruidae PLOVERS • Charadriidae STILTS AND AVOCETS • Recurvirostridae SANDPIPERS AND RELATIVES • Scolopacidae GULLS AND TERNS • Laridae PIGEONS AND DOVES • Columbidae CUCKOOS AND ROADRUNNERS • Cuculidae BARN OWL • Tytonidae TYPICAL OWLS • Strigidae NIGHTHAWKS AND RELATIVES • Caprimulgidae SWIFTS • Apodidae HUMMINGBIRDS • Trochilidae KINGFISHERS • Alcedinidae WOODPECKERS • Picidae TYRANT FLYCATCHERS • Tyrannidae SHRIKES • Laniidae VIREOS • Vireonidae JAYS AND RELATIVES • Corvidae LARKS • Alaudidae SWALLOWS • Hirundinidae CHICKADEES AND TITMICE • Paridae VERDIN • Remizidae BUSHTIT • Aegithalidae NUTHATCHES • Sittidae CREEPERS • Certhiidae WRENS • Troglodytidae GNATCATCHERS • Polioptilidae DIPPERS • Cinclidae KINGLETS • Regulidae WRENTIT • Sylviidae THRUSHES AND RELATIVES • Turdidae MOCKINGBIRDS AND THRASHERS • Mimidae STARLINGS • Sturnidae PIPITS • Motacillidae WAXWINGS • Bombycillidae SILKY FLYCATCHERS • Ptilogonatidae WOOD-WARBLERS • Parulidae SPARROWS AND RELATIVES • Emberizidae GROSBEAKS AND RELATIVES • Cardinalidae BLACKBIRDS AND RELATIVES • Icteridae FINCHES AND RELATIVES • Fringillidae OLD WORLD SPARROWS • Passeridae Appendices 1 Checklist of Sierra Birds 2 Rare, Casual, and Accidental Birds of the Sierra Nevada 3 Methods Used to Determine Population Trends 4 Common and Scientific Names of Plant Species Glossary Bibliography Index of Common Names Index of Scientific Names About the Authors and Artist

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Book SynopsisThis stunning field guide provides a comprehensive resource for identifying and appreciating nearly 500 species of spiders. Arachnids are among the most diverse groups of terrestrial invertebrates, yet they are among the least studied and understood. This is the most comprehensive field guide to all 68 spider families in North America, with beautiful illustrations of 469 of the most commonly encountered species. Group keys enable accurate identification by web pattern, morphology, and other observable details, and species descriptions include tips to help everyday naturalists identify spiders, as well as their common names, typical habitat, geographic distribution, and behavioral notes. A concise illustrated introduction to spider biology and anatomy explains spider relationships. Featuring 82 gorgeous color plates, this book is an accessible and detailed resource for curious naturalists who want to understand this ubiquitous and ecologically critical component of our biosphere.Trade Review"Bradley’s admiration of and attention to these animals is evident. . . .The result is not only a remarkable compendium of information about conspicuous spiders in North America, but a gateway to their study and appreciation.” * American Entomologist *"A concise illustrated introduction to spider biology and anatomy explains spider relationships, this book is a critical resource for curious naturalists who want to understand this ubiquitous and ecologically critical component of our biosphere." * BioOne *"This is a fabulous book, worthy of a place on the bookshelves of any arachnological library." * British Arachnological Society Newsletter *“People with an interest in North American spiders should enjoy this book.” * The Guardian *"Every few years a field guide emerges with artwork so stunning the book is worth owning regardless of whether you plan to identify anything with it. Richard Bradley’s Common Spiders of North America is just such a book. Buy it. You won’t regret it. . . .an instant classic. Highly recommended." -- Alex Wild, * Myrmecos *Table of ContentsPREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTSFINDING, STUDYING, AND IDENTIFYING SPIDERSSPIDERS: AN INTRODUCTIONFINDING AND STUDYING SPIDERSIDENTIFYING SPIDERSKEYS TO FAMILIES WITHIN GROUPSUNDER DEBRIS GROUPSPACE-FILLING WEB GROUPSHEET WEAVERS GROUPORB-SHAPED WEB GROUPFUNNEL-SHAPED WEB GROUPSIX-EYED SPIDERS GROUPJUMPING SPIDERS GROUPCRABLIKE SPIDERS GROUPSURFACE HUNTERS GROUPGROUND HUNTERS GROUPFOLIAGE HUNTERS GROUPMYGALOMORPH GROUPTINY SPIDERS GROUPCOLOR PLATES SECTION BETWEEN PAGES 60 AND 61SPIDER ACCOUNTSFAMILY AGELENIDAE • FUNNEL WEAVERSFAMILY AMAUROBIIDAE • HACKLEDMESH WEAVERSFAMILY AMPHINECTIDAE • AMPHINECTIDSFAMILY ANAPIDAE • GROUND ORBWEAVERSFAMILY ANTRODIAETIDAE • FOLDINGDOOR TRAPDOOR SPIDERSFAMILY ANYPHAENIDAE • GHOST SPIDERSFAMILY ARANEIDAE • ORBWEAVERSFAMILY ATYPIDAE • PURSEWEB SPIDERSFAMILY CAPONIIDAE • BRIGHT LUNGLESS SPIDERSFAMILY CLUBIONIDAE • SAC SPIDERSFAMILY CORINNIDAE • ANTMIMIC SPIDERSFAMILY CTENIDAE • WANDERING SPIDERSFAMILY CTENIZIDAE • TRAPDOOR SPIDERSFAMILY CYBAEIDAE • SOFT SPIDERSFAMILY CYRTAUCHENIIDAE (NOW EUCTENIZIDAE) • WAFERLID TRAPDOOR SPIDERSFAMILY DEINOPIDAE • OGREFACED SPIDERSFAMILY DESIDAE • DESIDSFAMILY DICTYNIDAE • MESHWEAVERSFAMILY DIGUETIDAE • DESERTSHRUB SPIDERSFAMILY DIPLURIDAE • FUNNELWEB SPIDERSFAMILY DYSDERIDAE • WOODLOUSE SPIDERSFAMILY FILISTATIDAE • CREVICE WEAVERSFAMILY GNAPHOSIDAE • STEALTHY GROUND SPIDERSFAMILY HAHNIIDAE • COMBTAILED SPIDERSFAMILY HERSILIIDAE • LONGSPINNERET SPIDERSFAMILY HOMALONYCHIDAE • DUSTY DESERT SPIDERSFAMILY HYPOCHILIDAE • LAMPSHADE WEAVERSFAMILY LEPTONETIDAE • MIDGET CAVE SPIDERSFAMILY LINYPHIIDAE • SHEETWEB WEAVERSFAMILY LIOCRANIDAE • SPINYLEGGED SAC SPIDERSFAMILY LYCOSIDAE • WOLF SPIDERSFAMILY MECICOBOTHRIIDAE • MIDGET FUNNELWEB TARANTULASFAMILY MIMETIDAE • PIRATE SPIDERSFAMILY MITURGIDAE • PROWLING SPIDERSFAMILY MYSMENIDAE • DWARF COBWEB WEAVERSFAMILY NEMESIIDAE • WISHBONE SPIDERSFAMILY NESTICIDAE • CAVE COBWEB SPIDERSFAMILY OCHYROCERATIDAE • MIDGET GROUND WEAVERSFAMILY OECOBIIDAE • FLATMESH WEAVERSFAMILY OONOPIDAE • GOBLIN SPIDERSFAMILY OXYOPIDAE • LYNX SPIDERSFAMILY PHILODROMIDAE • RUNNING CRAB SPIDERSFAMILY PHOLCIDAE • CELLAR SPIDERSFAMILY PIMOIDAE • LARGE HAMMOCKWEB SPIDERSFAMILY PISAURIDAE • NURSERY WEB SPIDERSFAMILY PLECTREURIDAE • SPURLIPPED SPIDERSFAMILY PRODIDOMIDAE • PRODIDOMIDSFAMILY SALTICIDAE • JUMPING SPIDERSFAMILY SCYTODIDAE • SPITTING SPIDERSFAMILY SEGESTRIIDAE • TUBEWEB SPIDERSFAMILY SELENOPIDAE • FLATTIESFAMILY SICARIIDAE • SIXEYED BROWN SPIDERSFAMILY SPARASSIDAE • HUNTSMAN SPIDERSFAMILY SYMPHYTOGNATHIDAE • DWARF ORBWEAVERSFAMILY TELEMIDAE • LONGLEGGED CAVE SPIDERSFAMILY TENGELLIDAE • TENGELLIDSFAMILY TETRAGNATHIDAE • LONGJAWED ORBWEAVERSFAMILY THERAPHOSIDAE • TARANTULASFAMILY THERIDIIDAE • COBWEB WEAVERSFAMILY THERIDIOSOMATIDAE • RAY ORBWEAVERSFAMILY THOMISIDAE • CRAB SPIDERSFAMILY TITANOECIDAE • ROCK WEAVERSFAMILY TRECHALEIDAE • LONGLEGGED WATER SPIDERSFAMILY ULOBORIDAE • HACKLED ORBWEAVERSFAMILY ZODARIIDAE • ZODARIIDSFAMILY ZORIDAE • ZORIDSFAMILY ZOROCRATIDAE • ZOROCRATIDSFAMILY ZOROPSIDAE • ZOROPSIDSGLOSSARYREFERENCESINDEX

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Book SynopsisReturn to the Sea portrays the life and evolutionary times of marine mammalsfrom giant whales and sea cows that originated 55 million years ago to the deep-diving elephant seals and clam-eating walruses of modern times. This fascinating account of the origin of various marine-mammal lineagessome extinct, others extant but threatenedis for the nonspecialist. Against a backdrop of geologic time and changing climates and geography, this volume takes evolution as its unifying principle to help us to understand today's diversity of marine mammals and their responses to environmental challenges. Annalisa Berta explains current controversies and explores patterns of change now taking place, such as shifting food webs and predator-prey relationships, habitat degradation, global warming, and the effects of humans on marine-mammal communities.Trade Review“Wide-ranging and fact-packed. . . .Berta writes in an engaging, jargon-free style, which makes the book readily accessible to students and teachers at both the graduate and the undergraduate levels. . . . As useful as it is stimulating.” * Bioscience *“Berta did a superb job in bridging the gap between scientific knowledge and the general public. . . . Rarely does one have the opportunity to read a book that is written in an enjoyable and accessible way, scientifically accurate, and based in a wide and updated range of literature. Return to the Sea is certainly one of those books.” * Marine Mammal Science *"The writing is simple and informative, the line drawings and other illustrations are excellent, and we have here a primer of what it is to be a marine animal..." * The Quarterly Review of Biology *“A good introduction to marine mammal evolution.” * The Guardian *Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments 1. Marine Mammals Major Groups of Marine Mammals Discovering, Naming, and Classifying Marine Mammals Reconstructing the Hierarchy of Marine Mammals Adaptations and Exaptations What Is a Species and How Do New Species Form? Where Do They Live and Why Are They Where They Are? 2. Past Diversity in Time and Space,Paleoclimates, and Paleoecology Fossils and Taphonomy The Discovery of the First Fossil Marine Mammal (a Whale) The Importance of Fossils How Do We Know the Age of a Fossil? How Do We Know Where Marine Mammals Were? Marine Mammal Diversity and Communities Through Time What Led Marine Mammals Back to the Sea? 3. Pinniped Diversity, Evolution, and Adaptations The Earliest Pinnipeds: Webbed Feet or Flippers? Crown Pinnipeds Desmatophocids: Extinct Phocid Relatives Evolutionary Trends Structural and Functional Innovations and Adaptations Mating and Social Systems, Reproduction, and Life History 4. Cetartiodactylan Diversity, Evolution, and Adaptations Early Whales Had Legs! Crown Cetacea (Neoceti) Evolutionary Trends Structural and Functional Innovations and Adaptations Mating and Social Systems, Reproduction, and Life History 5. Diversity, Evolution, and Adaptations of Sirenians and Other Marine Mammals Walking Sea Cows! Crown Sirenia Evolutionary Trends Structural and Functional Innovations and Adaptations Mating and Social Systems, Reproduction and Life History Desmostylians Aquatic Sloths Marine Otters Polar Bears 6. Ecology and Conservation What Marine Mammals Eat and What Eats Them Interactions Between Human and Marine Mammals: Lessons Learned Extinction: The Rule, Not the Exception Glossary Further Reading and Online Sources Illustration Credits Index

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Book SynopsisExplore the fascinating world of the threespine stickleback in A Functional Biology of Sticklebacks, a compelling synthesis of empirical research and theoretical ecology. This groundbreaking book uses the stickleback, a versatile teleost fish, as a model organism to illuminate the intricate relationships between environmental factors, life-history strategies, and evolutionary processes. With their global distribution, remarkable variability, and adaptability to diverse habitats, sticklebacks offer a unique opportunity to test ecological and evolutionary theories in real-world contexts. From their energy budgets to their reproductive strategies, this book provides a holistic view of how these fish thrive in dynamic and often hostile environments. Structured around a functional input-output framework, the book delves into the physiological, morphological, and behavioral mechanisms that enable sticklebacks to convert resources into reproductive success. It highlights the pivotal role of natural selection and ecological interactionssuch as predation, competition, and parasitismin shaping their growth, survival, and reproduction. With its seamless integration of theoretical models and empirical data, A Functional Biology of Sticklebacks not only sheds light on this remarkable fish family but also sets a precedent for studying life-history strategies across other species. Perfect for students, researchers, and enthusiasts of ecology and evolutionary biology, this book is a testament to the power of merging theory with biological reality. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1984.

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Book SynopsisWetlands occupy some six per cent of the Earth''s land surface. They vary from fens and freshwater marshes to tropical mangroves and tundra swamps. They perform vital hydrological, chemical and biological roles and contain unique and diverse forms of wildlife and habitat. They are disappearing at an alarming rate and are threatened by both the direct and indirect effects of human activity. The purpose of this book of especially commissioned articles is threefold: (a) to explore the occurrence and composition of wetlands and their physical and biological dynamics; (b) to consider the impact upon them of agriculture, industry, urbanisation and recreation; and (c) to examine what steps can be taken to manage and to preserve their future survival.Trade Review"This is a handsome book on an important subject." Environment and Planning "A great mine of information, assembled by a distinguished group of authors ... provides a solid background to the wetland debate m... the main strength of the book certainly is its breadth ... this is a remarkably wide-ranging compendium of knowledge." Nature "The book is enriched with stunning black and white photographs which have been intelligently selected and carefully presented. In the unlikely event of the text not convincing, the photographs and illustrations alone should have the desired impact. Wetlands is a book to have on your bookshelf if you are a working conservationist." Richard Lindsay, The Times Higher Education Supplement "The reader is certain to learn new facts about wetlands structure and function and to gain new insights into the importance of old facts as they relate to the future of these threatened landscapes." BioScienceTable of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. 1. Understanding Wetlands: Michael Williams (Oriel College, Oxford University). 2. Wetland Hydronamics, Morphology and Sedimentation: Antony Orme (University of California, Los Angeles). 3. Soils and Ecology: Temperate Wetlands: Peter D. Moore (King's College, London). 4. Soils and Ecology: Tropical Wetlands: Thomas V. Armentano (Holcombe Research Institute, Indianapolis). 5. Archaeology and Wetlands: A Wealth of Evidence: Bryony Coles (University of Cambridge). 6. Agricultural Impacts in Temperate Wetlands: Michael Williams (University of Oxford). 7. Agricultural Impact in Tropical Wetlands: John R. Richards (Duke University). 8. Post-industrialization, Urbanization and Wetland Loss: David A. Pinder and Michael Witherick (University of Southampton). 9. Recreation and Wetlands: Impacts, Conflict and Policy Issues: David C. Mercer (Monash University). 10. Wetland Losses and Gains: James G. Gosselink and Edward Maltby (Louisianna State University and University of Exeter). 11. Protection and Retrospection: Michael Williams. The Contributors. Bibliography. Related Titles: List of IBG Special Publications. Index.

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Book SynopsisFollowing an examination of the biology and population dynamics of natural enemies, this work look in more detail at large carnivores, birds of prey, insectivorous mammals, insect parasitoids, arthropod predators, spiders, marine invertebrates, fish, cretaceous species, and others.Table of ContentsPart 1: Background; Evolution of exploiter - victim relationships; Correlates of carnivory: approaches and answers; Population dynamics of natural enemies and their prey; Foraging theory;Part 2: Population biology of natural enemies; Large carnivores; Birds of prey; Insectivorous mammals; Marine mammals; Marine invertebrates; Predatory arthropods; Bloodsucking arthropods; Spiders as representative sit-and-wait predators; Macroparasites: worms and others; Macroparasites: viruses and bacteria;Part 3: Synthesis; Predator psychology and the evolution of prey coloration; Natural enemies and community dynamics; Biological control; The dynamics of predator-prey and resource-harvester systems; Prey defence and predator foraging; Overview; References; Index

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Book Synopsis* The most up to date text on plasmids. * An innovative teaching perspective makes for easy student understanding. * Contains crucial chapters on the importance of plasmids for clinical and biological research. .Table of ContentsThe Anatomy Of Bacterial Plasmids. The Unity Of Plasmid Biology. Plasmid Replication And Its Control. Plasmid Inheritance. Plasmid Dissemination. The Clinical And Veterinary Importance Of Plasmids. References.

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Book Synopsis* Provides up-to-date summaries of the latest molecular approaches in this rapidly expanding field. * Gives guidance on the appropriate choice of methods for particular problems in ecology, and their strengths and limitations.Table of Contents1. Molecular Ecology (A J Baker). 2. General Molecular Biology (R E Carter). 3. Polymerase Chain Reaction (T P Birt & A J Baker). 4. Protein Electrophoresis (A J Baker). 5. Solution DNA-DNA Hybridisation (A H Bledsoe & F H Sheldon). 6. DNA Fingerprinting using minisatellite probes (R E Carter). 7. Mitochondrial DNA (E Randi). 8. Characterization and Evolution of Major Histocompatibility Complex (Mhc) Geners in Non-Model Organisms, with Examples from Birds (S V Edwards, J Nusser & J Gasper). 9. DNA-fragment markers in plants (C Ritland & K Ritland). 10. Microsatellites: Evolutionary and Methodological Background and Empirical Applications at individual, population and phylogenetic levels (K T Scribner & J M Pearce). 11. Introns (V Friesen). 12. Sex Identification using DNA markers (R Griffiths)

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Book SynopsisWorldwide, Population Ecology is the leading textbook on this titled subject. Written primarily for students, it describes the present state of population ecology in terms that can be readily understood by undergraduates with little or no background in the subject. Carefully chosen experimental examples illustrate each topic, and studies of plants and animals are combined to show how fundamental principles can be derived that apply to both species. Use of complex mathematics ia avoided throughout the book, and what math is necessary is dealt with by examination of real experimental data rather than dull theory. The latest edition of this leading textbook. Adopted as an Open University set text. Trade ReviewOn the second edition. ‘To those familiar with the first addition of Begon & Mortimer’s short text on population ecology, it will come as no surprise to learn that the second addition, like the first addition, is a gem. What may surprise is that the second addition represents a significant improvement of what was already an excellent textbook…It is difficult to criticize a book that has achieved such admirable balance between empiricism vs. theory and unitary vs. modular organisms, all within a compact, inexpensive volume.’ Ecology ‘I doubt that there are many texts that portray the whole field of population ecology as successfully or concisely as does this book. It can be warmly recommended’ Australian Journal of Ecology ‘A zoologist and botanist have made an extremely well coordinated effort in presenting the population ecology of both animals and plants under one title. This textbook reads so smoothly that the reader soon forgets that it was written by two authors instead of one. The concise writing style and liberal use of graphs, tables, and diagrams make this textbook pleasurable to read and easy to understand. This book is accessible reading to anyone interested in population ecology.’ Canadian Field- NaturalistTable of ContentsPreface. Part 1: Single-Species Populations. 1. Describing Populations. 2. Intraspecific Competition. 3. Models of Single-Species Populations. Part 2: Interpecific Interactions. 4. Interspecific Competition. 5. Predation. Part 3: Synthesis. 6. Population Regulation. 7. Beyond Population Ecology. References. Author Index. Organism Index. Subject Index.

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