Engineering: general Books

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisA collection of the Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Computational Mechanics, Hong Kong, 11-13 December 1991, Volume 1 of 2.

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Book SynopsisA collection of the Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Computational Mechanics, Hong Kong, 11-13 December 1991, Volume 2 of 2.

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Book SynopsisThis volume covers topics involving large plastic deformation of metallic materials. These proceedings offer an overview of the synergism achieved by combining microstructural characterization and understanding, mechanical modelling and experiments, numerical analysis and computation.

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Book SynopsisDiscusses experimental results and theoretical approaches in a range of mechanics topics, including: hybrid techniques in stress analysis; optical techniques in experimental mechanics; automatic data acquisition and processing; transient phenomena and vibrations analysis; and residual stresses.Table of ContentsPreface, 1 Hybrid techniques in stress analysis 2 Optical techniques in experimental mechanics 3 Automatic data acquisition and processing 4 Transient phenomena and vibration analysis

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Book SynopsisThe Technical Committee on Mechatronics formed by the International Federation for the Theory of Machines and Mechanisms, in Prague, Czech Republic, adopted the following definition for the term: Mechatronics is the synergistic combination of precision mechanical, electronic control and systems thinking in the design products and manufacturing process Due to developments in powerful computers, including microprocessors and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICS), computational techniques, diverse technologies, advances in the design process of products and other factors, the field of mechatronics has evolved as a highly powerful and most cost effective means for product realization.Table of Contents1. Integrated Process Design and Control: A New Paradigm with Applications to Mechatronics 2. Mechatronic Systems Techniques in Computer Numerical Control of Machine Tools 3. Mechatronics Applied to Web Forming Processes 4. The Hot Strip Rolling Mill Looper: A Control Design Study 5. Thermomechatronics: Mechatronic Systems and Guidance Techniques in Thermal Manufacturing Process Control 6. Passivity Based Regulation of Nonlinear Continous Processes 7. Observer and Control Techniques for Bilinear Systems

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Book SynopsisA major thrust and contribution of Dr Owen Richmond's research career has been to integrate Mechanics, Materials, Processing and Design, and hence the title of the proceedings. Six major areas are emphasized in this book: Crystal imperfections; Polycrystals and properties; Constitutive modeling; Plasticity and failure; Metal forming and casting processes; Process and product design.

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Book SynopsisTopics covered include: design technologies and applications; FE simulation for concurrent design and manufacture; methodologies; knowledge engineering and management; CE within virtual enterprises; and CE - the future.

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Book SynopsisThis book contributes for the advances in the interoperability research area, including 154 papers, from a group of more than 1000 expressions of interest submitted, under the theme "Concurrent Engineering Research and Applications – The Vision for the Future Generation".Table of ContentsAnalysis on 10 years of ISPE/CEconf community Intelligent applications and business intelligence 1. Application of data mining and intelligent agent technologies to concurrent engineering 2. A generic agent message repository 3. Embedding data-driven decision strategies on software agents: The case of a multi-agent system for monitoring air-quality indexes 4. Open source supply chains 5. Fuzzy multiple-level sequential patterns discovery from customer transaction database 6. Taboo search as an intelligent agent for bid evaluation 7. A multi-agent system-based ETL approach for complex data 8. Temporal aspects of data warehousing 9. Towards semantic temporal support in data integration 10. Time aspects in SAP business information warehouse 11. Clustering of IT application systems for designing a data warehouse Agents and multi-agent systems 12. Communication and interaction protocols for multi-agent systems in a framework based on C# and the common language infrastructure 13. A multi-agent system for improving result ranking service of web search engines 14. Combined parallel and agent-based methods in distributed logistics networks 15. Distributed event dissemination for ubiquitous agents 16. An agent-based approach to knowledge management in distributed design 17. Dialogue in teamwork 18. Learning preferences to provide advice 19. Learning as a methodology for partner selection in agent-based negotiation 20. Agent based web content categorization 21. Multi-agent based internet search 22. Negotiation algorithms for collaborative design settings 23. ANTS: An API for creating negotiation applications 24. Model for situated multi-agent systems with regional synchronization 25. The DEMIAN system approach to intrusion detection 26. Task-oriented engineering of coordinated software systems 27. Data integration in engineering 28. An application of the mediator approach to services over the web 29. An automated information integration technique using an ontoly-based database approach 30. Mapping of product dictionaries and corresponding catalog data 31. From hyperclasses to IS components 32. Context-explication in conceptual ontologies: The PLIB approach 33. Concepts and benefits of the German ISO 13584 compliant online dictionary www.DINsml.net 34. Classification, taxonomy, ontology, what do we mean with it? 35. PLIB ontology for B2B electronic commerce 36. Modelling product ontology with CQL 37. On the consistency of cardinality constraints in UML modelling 38. Data integrity for concurrent engineering transactions 39. Collaborative product modelling in heterogeneous environments: An approach based on XML schema 40. Reducing parts diversity in product design: A data centered approach E-business standards 41. CEN/ISSS Workshop eCAT – A step towards multilingual electronic product catalogues 42. Roadmap for e-commerce standardization in Korea 43. Standards for the next-generation web: Architectural considerations from a standardization perspective 44. Adoption of B2B standards 45. Standards for software component markets 46. Towards a standardization process for component based architectures 47. – A web service for the conversion of XML standards 48. Standardising electronic marketplaces – What and how? 49. Modular application protocol for advances in interoperable manufacturing environments in SMEs 50. Practices and standards in electronic negotiations 51. Domain specific standardization for collaborative business applications 52. Development of customer-oriented IOS: Initiating e-collaboration projects 53. Cross enterprise collaboration in the banking industry using web services and BPEL 54. Interorganizational collaboration in the automotive industry: A supplier portal 55. Hub to higher performance? – An internet hub for the Vos Logistics supply chain Enhanced interoperable systems 56. The openXchange framework for ebXML based business process integration 57. Performance measuring of e-business solution in manufacturing firm 58. Agent assisted concurrent process engineering system for design support 59. Pushing small service suppliers towards the SEEM 60. Towards a knowledge-based engineering system to support computational simulation activities at Renault Company 61. Collaborative engineering with OEM customers in the new age of information and communication technologies 62. Towards business quality of service in virtual organizations through service level agreements and ebXML 63. Disconnections handling in mobile internet 64. Enabling cooperative design tasks – A collaboration platform by using web services 65. Parametrics: State of the art and future issues 66. A reference model to support introducing product lifecycle management 67. A vision for e-collaboration between suppliers and OEM customers 68. Manufacturing interoperability 69. Configuration design of product families based on features 70. Overview of partial model query language 71. Web services for semantic model integration in concurrent engineering 72. OMG CAD Services V1.0 standard: An approach to CAD–CAx integration 73. Web services as a part of an adaptive information system framework for concurrent engineering 74. Virtual manufacturing environment and CE Enterprise architecture and continuous business solutions 75. From business goals to system goals using a verbs/goals ontology 76. From enterprise modelling to enterprise visual scenes 77. Multi-perspective multi-purpose enterprise knowledge modelling 78. The foundations of AKM technology 79. Use case driven Active Knowledge Models (AKM) in extended enterprises 80. Structured and non structured strategies 81. Metis® LEARN! – Leveraging Enterprise Architecture Repository iNvestments 82. Continuous business engineering: Towards aligned evolution of business strategy and software architecture 83. Supporting alignment of IT-infrastructure and IT-strategy: The balanced scorecard based IT strategy card approach 84. Development of corporate ontolgies for key account management in the Mexican Petroleum Institute 85. Knowledge sharing for continuous business engineering based on web intelligence 86. Model-driven work management services 87. Model driven operational solution 88. An advanced infrastructure for collaborative engineering in electronic design automation 89. Knowledge management repositories and services 90. The External intelligent infrastructure 91. Interaction elements: Utilizing knowledge to provide high quality information in a decision support system

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Book SynopsisProceedings of the International Conference on Micromechanics of Granular Media, Clermont-Ferrand, September, 1989. No index. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.

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Book SynopsisIn recent decades, metrology—an accurate and precise technology of high quality for automotive engines—has garnered a great deal of scientific interest due to its unique advanced soft engineering techniques in design and diagnostics. Used in a variety of scientific applications, these techniques are now widely regarded as safer, more efficient, and more effective than traditional ones. This book compiles and details the cutting-edge research in science and engineering from the Egyptian Metrology Institute (National Institute for Standards) that is revolutionizing advanced dimensional techniques through the development of coordinate and surface metrology.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Quality Challenges in Automotive Engineering. Advanced Measurement Techniques in Surface Metrology. Characterization of Touch Probing System in CMM Machine. Error Analysis of Touch Stylus System and CMM Machine. Measurement Strategies of CMM Accuracy. Validation Method for CMM Measurement Quality Using Flick Standard. Factors Affecting of the Performance of Talyrond Measurement Accuracy. Metrology as an Inspection Tool for New or Overhaul Water Cold Diesel Engine. Metrology as an Identification Tool for Worm-Up Air Cold Diesel Engine. Surface Metrology in Engine Quality. Recommendations and Future Work.

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewRobert McCaughey's history of the Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science is an exemplary study of a largely independent but always dependent unit of the university. Begun in 1864 as the School of Mines, engineering at Columbia oscillated from a pioneer leader of its field to near irrelevance and back to national distinction. McCaughey relates these vicissitudes with candor and grace, drawing on his unparalleled knowledge of the university's history. Besides providing a uniquely valuable contribution to higher education history, this volume opens a window on enduring issues of university leadership and technological education. -- Roger L. Geiger, Distinguished Professor of Higher Education, Pennsylvania State University Comprehensive and candid, A Lever Long Enough is a worthy history of an important engineering institution. Civil EngineeringTable of ContentsIllustrations Foreword Preface Acknowledgments 1. Engineering in America-Before Engineers 2. Fast Start 1864-1889 3. A Corner in the University 1889-1929 4. The Great Depression and the Good War 1930-1945 5. Missing the Boat 1945-1964 6. Bottoming Out 1965-1975 7. Catching a Lift 1976-1980 8. Uneven Ascent 1980-1994 9. A School in Full 1995-2007 10. A Lever Long Enough: SEAS at One Hundred Fifty Notes A Bibliographic Note Index

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Book SynopsisFor researchers in all disciplines, this book offers a practical, hands-on course in communicating scientific findings and concepts through visual graphicsTrade Review"[Visual Strategies] will be useful for anyone who wants to make clear presentations of data of any kind. . . . The book offers general guidelines, with illustrative graphics, and many real-life case studies. The authors show how they would improve actual graphics, and they invite improvements to their improvements on their Web site, www.visual-strategies.org. . . . Ms. Frankel and Dr. DePace speak as if they were looking up from the laboratory bench. Usually their suggestions are simple, and the results are striking. Add color, subtract color, color only one part of an image - these kinds of relatively simple steps can add clarity."—Cornelia Dean, The New York Times"Smartly and accessibly designed."—Steven Heller, New York Times Book Review"In this technoscientific century, with knowledge doubling every decade, researchers and designers alike need to ramp up their presentation of the material they describe. This beautifully illustrated book shows how."—Edward O. Wilson, University Research Professor Emeritus and Honorary Curator in Entomology, Harvard University"A thoughtful and useful series of recommendations that will actually help you understand what you are doing when you are trying to make yourself clear."—Milton Glaser". . . unique. . . . an essential guide to literacy for fields that are essential to all our lives."—Steven Heller, School of Visual Arts"Many visualization books “round up the usual suspects” of well-known examples, but Visual Strategies is quite original in its choices...I’ll buy it as soon as it is available."—Patrick J. Lynch, Yale Office of Public Affairs and Communications"A user-friendly guide for scientists and engineers to express data concepts in a variety of media and well timed to address the growing demand for communication of increasingly complex scientific concepts and processes."—John Maeda, President, Rhode Island School of Design

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisThis book covers engineering principles and state-of-the-art methods involved in the many facets of combat modeling and distributed simulation.Trade Review“Tolk and his coauthors have extensive experience in this area, making this volume a standard reference for researchers engaged in combat modeling. The complexity of the domain, the consequences of error, and the prohibitive cost of direct experimentation are as great in combat modeling as in any other problem area, making this volume a valuable source of examples and techniques for modelers in other areas that are highly complex, consequential, and inaccessible by direct experiment." (Computing Reviews, 1 October 2012) Table of ContentsPreface xi Contributors xiii Biographies xvii Acknowledgments xxvii Abbreviations xxix 1. Challenges of Combat Modeling and Distributed Simulation 1 Andreas Tolk Part I Foundations 2. Applicable Codes of Ethics 25 Andreas Tolk 3. The NATO Code of Best Practice for Command and Control Assessment 33 Andreas Tolk 4. Terms and Application Domains 55 Andreas Tolk 5. Scenario Elements 79 Andreas Tolk Part II Combat Modeling 6. Modeling the Environment 95 Andreas Tolk 7. Modeling Movement 113 Andreas Tolk 8. Modeling Sensing 127 Andreas Tolk 9. Modeling Effects 145 Andreas Tolk 10. Modeling Communications, Command, and Control 171 Andreas Tolk Part III Distributed Simulation 11. Challenges of Distributed Simulation 187 Andreas Tolk 12. Standards for Distributed Simulation 209 Andreas Tolk 13. Modeling and Simulation Development and Preparation Processes 243 Andreas Tolk 14. Verification and Validation 263 Andreas Tolk 15. Integration of M&S Solutions into the Operational Environment 295 Andreas Tolk Part IV Advanced Topics 16. History of Combat Modeling and Distributed Simulation 331 Margaret L. Loper and Charles Turnitsa 17. Serious Games, Virtual Worlds, and Interactive Digital Worlds 357 Roger D. Smith 18. Mathematical Applications for Combat Modeling 385 Patrick T. Hester and Andrew Collins 19. Combat Modeling with the High Level Architecture and Base Object Models 413 Mikel D. Petty and Paul Gustavson 20. The Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA) 449 Edward T. Powell and J. Russell Noseworthy 21. Combat Modeling using the DEVS Formalism 479 Tag Gon Kim and Il-Chul Moon 22. GIS Data for Combat Modeling 511 David Lashlee, Joe Bricio, Robert Holcomb, and William T. Richards 23. Modeling Tactical Data Links 537 Joe Sorroche 24. Standards-Based Combat Simulation Initialization using the Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL) 579 Robert L. Wittman Jr 25. Multi-Resolution Combat Modeling 607 Mikel D. Petty, Robert W. Franceschini, and James Panagos 26. New Challenges: Human, Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling 641 S. K. Numrich and P. M. Picucci 27. Agent Directed Simulation for Combat Modeling and Distributed Simulation 669 Gnana K. Bharathy, Levent Yilmaz, and Andreas Tolk 28. Uncertainty Representation and Reasoning for Combat Models 715 Paulo C. G. Costa, Heber Herencia-Zapana, and Kathryn Laskey 29. Model-Based Data Engineering for Distributed Simulations 747 Saikou Y. Diallo 30. Federated Simulation for System of Systems Engineering 765 Robert H. Kewley and Marc Wood 31. The Role of Architecture Frameworks in Simulation Models: The Human View Approach 811 Holly A. H. Handley 32. Multinational Computer Assisted Exercises 825 Erdal Cayirci Annex 1: M&S Organizations/Associations 841 Salim Chemlal and Tuncer Ören Annex 2: Military Simulation Systems 851 José J. Padilla Index 869

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Book SynopsisThis book presents new design techniques that permit an engineer to design devices with predictable results, and in doing so utilize very complex shapes instead of being limited to simple shapes. Includes coverage of the material properties of the devices.Table of ContentsLinear Transformations. Elements of the Linear Transformations. Singular Fins and Spines and Single Elements. Algorithms for Finned Array Assembly. Examples of Finned Array Analysis. Reciprocity and Node Analysis. A General Array Method. Convective Optimizations. Heat Transfer-Parallel Plate Heat Sinks. References. Appendices. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisThis book covers the development of intelligent systems using a mixture of scientific, philosophical, and engineering concepts. It provides an expert blend of theory and practice in intelligent systems design and uses real-world examples to illustrate technical concepts.Table of ContentsPreface. Emergence of a Theory. Knowledge. Perception. Goal Seeking and Planning. A Reference Model Architecture. Behavior Generation. World Modeling, Value Judgment, and Knowledge Representation. Sensory Processing. Engineering Unmanned Ground Vehicles. Future Possibilities. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisHelps readers understand the MATLAB environment, build their skills, and apply its features to a range of applications. This book guides readers through the most important aspects and basics of MATLAB programming and problem-solving from fundamentals to practice.Trade ReviewThe book is user-friendly and comprehensive in scope." (International Journal of General Systems, December 2003) "...offers a practical introduction to MATLAB and provides a very useful collection of MATLAB's outstanding features...highly recommended for self-study and as a complementary text...an excellent addition to the shelves of academic libraries and community college and university bookstores." (Choice, Vol. 41, No. 4, December 2003)Table of ContentsPreface vii About the Author x 1. MATLAB Basics 1 2. MATLAB Functions, Operators, and Commands 27 3. MATLAB and Problem Solving 42 4. MATLAB Graphics 99 5. MATLAB Applications: Numerical Simulations of Differential Equations and Introduction to Dynamic Systems 133 6. SIMULINK 172 Appendix: MATLAB Functions, Operators, Characters, Commands, and Solvers 207 References 225 Index 226

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Book SynopsisWritten for people of various professions and offering a modern approach to using value analysis for product development, this is a structured process that unites interdisciplinary teams in an organization to select and analyze projects in terms of investment potential and to integrate quality and productivity. It contains four sections that describe the nature, measurement, design and management of value.Table of ContentsTHE NATURE OF VALUE. The Value Force. Value, Growth, and Evolution. THE MEASUREMENT OF VALUE. Value Measurement. Value Measurement Techniques. Modeling the Dynamics of Value. Value and Decision Making. THE DESIGN OF VALUE. Function Analysis. Quality Function Deployment: The Total Product Concept. The Technology Road Map. Customer-Oriented Product Concepting. THE MANAGEMENT OF VALUE. Valuism. Value Management Methodologies. Value Management: Behavioral and Organizational Aspects. Value Planning. Valuism, Value Management, and the Future. Index.

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Book SynopsisTakes into account the human element as well as the classical aspects of mechanical, electrical and chemical designs that contribute to risk. Features a significant amount of data essential for risk analysis not normally available. Contains numerous examples of authentic applications and case studies.Table of ContentsConducting Human Reliability Analysis. Formal Methods for Estimating Human Reliability. HRA Fault and Event Trees. Existing Data Sources and Data Bank. HRA: A Case Study for Nuclear Processing Facility Design. HRA Case Study for a Nuclear Power Plant: Containment VentingProcedure. Relation of HRA to Systems Safety and System Performance. Simulators and Simulation as a Tool for Evaluating HumanReliability. Organizational Factors and Human Reliability. Outstanding Issues. Behavioral Mechanisms Underlying Human Error. The Problem: Representation of Errors of Commission (CognitiveError) in PRA. HRA and the Impact of Emerging Hardware and SoftwareTechnologies. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisPresents a framework of worldwide problems, issues and solutions relevant to the design of work and development of personnel in advanced manufacturing systems. Focuses on people and their central roles in automated production resulting from rapid computer-based integration. Addresses social, technical, organizational, managerial and ecological design issues relating to manufacturing success and the business objectives of a firm. Provides solutions to problems of integrating the human element into the production process.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Job Design (G. Spur, et al.). Human Supervisory Control (T. Sheridan). Design of Work and Technology (P. Brodner). Personnel Selection and Training (J. Hedge, et al.). Decision Support Systems for Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (G.Evans & M. Gupta). Sources of Performance Variability (T. Smith, et al.). Human Factors in Test and Inspection (C. Drury & P.Prabhu). Managing Human Reliability in Advanced Manufacturing Systems (B.Zimolong & R. Trimpop). Human Aspects of Indutrial Robotics (W. Karwowski, et al.). Future Trends in Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (W. He & A.Kusiak). Index.

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Book SynopsisBreaking with the traditional treatment of random processes in engineering On the surface, Introduction to Random Processes in Engineering is simply a first-rate textbook for senior or first-year graduate engineering courses in stochastic processes.Table of ContentsPreface. Review. 1. Random Processes: Basic Concepts, Properties. 2. Stationary Random Processes: Covariance and Spectrum. 3. Response of Linear Systems to Random Inputs: Discrete-Time Models. 4. Response of Linear Systems to Random Inputs: Continuous-Time Models. 5. Time Averages and the Ergodic Principle. 6. Sampling Principle and Interpolation. 7. Simulation of Random Processes. 8. Random Fields. 9. Linear Filtering Theory. Index.

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Book SynopsisOver the last two decades, text and evaluation (T&E) techniques have evolved in response to the increasing complexity and interdependency of systems. This book gives an in-depth description of operational T&E. It covers the planning requirements of a T&E program, organizing for T&E, executing the test phase, and using test results.Table of ContentsThe New Age of Testing. Types of Test & Evaluation. Evolution of Recent T&E Practices. The Process: T&E Engineering. T&E Program Documentation. T&E Techniques. The Seven Best Practices. Summary: The Future of T&E. Appendices. Further Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisProvides an indispensable and thorough description of HAZOP (hazard and operability study) - the most powerful technique for the identification and analysis of hazards, a technique which is unknown in many industries and where it is employed, it often does not fulfil its potential because of incorrect use.Trade Review"(The authors) provide a much-needed reference on HAZOP ... provides extensive useful guidance additional to that already available in Interim Defence Standard 00-58 and in most parts is extremely readable and well written. ... this book is highly recommended for anyone contemplating the use of HAZOP, the extension of HAZOP to software-based systems or the use of other similar hazard identification technqiues.", Iain Johnstone, , The Hazards Forum Newsletter#"(The book) fully describes the entire [HAZOP] process from A to Z. It also provides all of the necessary information and details to understand HAZOP and the steps involved in performing a HAZOP on any type of system. ... If you are looking for a guide that thoroughly describes HAZOP with examples, insight and obvious experience, I highly recommend this book.", , , Hazard Prevention: Journal of the System Safety Society#"... a very useful contribution that should help practising engineers, particularly software engineers, to design safer systems.", , , Computing and Control Engineering Journal#"....a helpful and authoritative reference....", , , The Hazards Forum Newsletter, Number 29#Table of ContentsIntroduction; The Role of Hazard Identification in the Management of Safety; An Overview of HAZOP; Representations and Attributes; The Study Initiator's Role in HAZOP; Team Selection and the Roles of Team Members; The Use of Guide Words; Planning a HAZOP Study; Conduct of a Meeting; Recording, Signing-off and Follow-up Work; Hazard Identification throughout the Life of a System; Dealing with Particular Difficulties; HAZOP of Human-centred Systems; HAZOP of Systems in an Environment that Changes during Operation; Example PES HAZOP Sessions; Introduction, Auditing and Improvement of HAZOP.

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Book SynopsisUsing full-color visualizations of key concepts and data, Mara Prentiss interprets government reports, technology, and basic physical laws to advance a bold claim: wind and solar power alone could generate 100% of the U.S. average energy demand, without lifestyle sacrifices. And meeting the actual U.S. energy demand with renewables is within reach.Trade ReviewIn this crisp, evidence-based treatise, physicist Mara Prentiss makes a remarkable assertion: that solar and wind power could supply 100% of average U.S. energy needs for the next 50 years. Prentiss argues that a transition to renewables is probable, given that energy revolutions are a historical norm. She stacks up reams of salient data, such as the fact that U.S. energy use per capita has remained steady since 1965, thanks to increasing fuel efficiency. Although optimistic, her analyses of energy sources, combinations, conservation and storage compel. -- Barbara Kiser * Nature *A surprisingly optimistic analysis of the world’s unsustainable, wasteful energy consumption… In a genre rife with forecasts of doom and exhortations in favor of frugal living, Prentiss provides impressive evidence that things may work out just fine. * Kirkus Reviews *[Prentiss] steers a steady course between the wishful thinking and despair that so often colors discussions of energy. Carefully optimistic, the author thinks a combination of renewable power sources could meet 100 percent of the U.S. average total energy demand for the foreseeable future, even without waste reduction… Delightful, deadpan flashes of wit enliven the text throughout… Readers looking for answers on the feasibility of renewables will find the straight talk refreshing. -- Robert Eagan * Library Journal *In this important book, Mara Prentiss brings basic physics to bear on the critical issue of how we produce and consume energy. Using extensive and illuminating graphics to augment her clear writing, she provides a reason for optimism about the role of renewables in our energy future. -- Kenneth W. Ford, author of 101 Quantum QuestionsWith all the justified excitement around the fracking revolution it’s crucial not to lose sight of the ultimate importance of renewables and energy efficiency. Mara Prentiss has written a highly valuable, scientifically grounded guide to the great things that are possible in both these spheres. -- Lawrence H. Summers, Charles W. Eliot University Professor and President Emeritus, Harvard University

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Book SynopsisCovers various aspects of the field of spacecraft charging, ranging from secondary and backscattered electrons, spacecraft charging in Maxwellian plasmas, effective mitigation techniques, and potential wells and barriers to operational anomalies, meteors, and neutral gas release.Trade Review"Fundamentals of Spacecraft Charging is by a well-known leader in the field and provides a comprehensive, unique, and useful addition to the subject. Several sections, particularly the review and discussion of dielectric breakdown, are of particular interest. This book will be valuable as an introductory text or as a reference for those seeking details on specific aspects of charging."—Henry B. Garrett, coauthor of Spacecraft-Environment Interactions"Spacecraft charging has raised many interesting issues for engineers and scientists since the first observations in space. Accessible to a wide range of readers, Shu Lai's book offers a comprehensive survey of key materials on this multifaceted topic."—Alain Hilgers, European Space Research and Technology Centre"Lai's compendium of surface and dielectric spacecraft charging ranges from the basic causes and controlling factors to the effects of secondary electron emission, and the formation of space charge potential wells and barriers. He considers the effects of charged particle beam emission from spacecraft, and the use of plasma sources as 'contactors' to limit charging. Finally, he shows the consequences, from discharges owing to differential charging, to resulting operational anomalies, and offers a suite of effective mitigation techniques."—Thomas E. Moore, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center"This book is by far and away the most comprehensive reference on the physics of spacecraft charging, which can be destructive for a spacecraft. The text is clear and straightforward and explores all the myriad facets of this phenomenon. I will use it in my teaching."—Daniel E. Hastings, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyTable of ContentsPreface xi Prologue: The Earth's Space Plasma Environment P.1 The Solar Wind xiii P.2 The Magnetosphere xiii P.3 Geomagnetic Substorms xiii P.4 Plasma Density xv P.5 The Ionosphere xvi P.6 The Auroral Region xvi P.7 The Radiation Belts xviii P.8 Relevance of the Space Plasma Environment to Spacecraft Charging xviii P.9 References xx Chapter 1: Introduction to Spacecraft Charging 1.1 What Is Spacecraft Charging? 1 1.2 What Are Some Effects of Spacecraft Charging? 2 1.3 How Does Spacecraft Charging Occur? 4 1.4 Capacitance Charging 5 1.5 Other Currents 6 1.6 Where Does Spacecraft Charging Occur? 6 1.7 Exercises 9 1.8 References 10 Chapter 2: The Spacecraft as a Langmuir Probe 2.1 Orbit-Limited Attraction 11 2.2 Current Collection in Spherical Geometry 12 2.3 Current Collection in Cylindrical Geometry 13 2.4 Current Collection in Plane Geometry 13 2.5 Remarks 14 2.6 Boltzmann's Repulsion Factor 14 2.7 Child-Langmuir Saturation Current 15 2.8 Exercises 16 2.9 References 17 Chapter 3: Secondary and Backscattered Electrons 3.1 Secondary Electron Emission 18 3.2 Backscattered Electrons 20 3.3 Total Contribution of Electron Emissions 20 3.4 Remarks 22 3.5 Dependence on Incident Angle 22 3.6 Remarks on Empirical Formulae 23 3.7 Exercises 23 3.8 References 24 Chapter 4: Spacecraft Charging in a Maxwellian Plasma 4.1 Velocity Distribution 25 4.2 Critical Temperature for the Onset of Spacecraft Charging: Physical Reasoning 26 4.3 Balance of Currents 26 4.4 Charging Level 29 4.5 Equation of Current Balance in the Orbit-Limited Regime 30 4.6 Comparison with Real Satellite Data 31 4.7 Exercises 32 4.8 References 33 Chapter 5: Spacecraft Charging in a Double Maxwellian Plasma 5.1 A General Theorem on Multiple Roots 35 5.2 Double Maxwellian Space Plasma 35 5.3 Triple-Root Situation of Spacecraft Potential 36 5.4 Physical Interpretation of Triple-Root Situation 40 5.5 Triple-Root Jump in Spacecraft Potential 41 5.6 Hysteresis 42 5.7 Triple-Root Spacecraft Charging Domains 42 5.8 Exercises 46 5.9 References 46 Chapter 6: Potential Wells and Barriers 6.1 Introduction 48 6.2 Formation of Potential Wells and Barriers 48 6.3 Effects of Potential Barriers on Electron or Ion Distribution Functions 51 6.4 Interpretation of Experimental Data 51 6.5 Double Maxwellian Distribution Formed by a Potential Barrier 52 6.6 Bootstrap Charging 53 6.7 Charging in Spacecraft Wakes 56 6.8 Exercises 58 6.9 References 58 Chapter 7: Spacecraft Charging in Sunlight 7.1 Photoelectron Current 60 7.2 Surface Reflectance 60 7.3 The Prominent Solar Spectral Line 62 7.4 Can Spacecraft Charging to Negative Voltages Occur in Sunlight? 62 7.5 Spacecraft Charging to Positive Potentials 63 7.6 The Photoemission Current at Negative Spacecraft Potentials 63 7.7 The Monopole-Dipole Potential 65 7.8 Fraction of Photoemission Current Trapped 67 7.9 Competition between Monopole and Dipole 68 7.10 Measurement of Spacecraft Potential in Sunlight 68 7.11 Exercises 69 7.12 References 70 Chapter 8: Space Tethers, Plasma Contactors, and Sheath Ionization 8.1 Lorentz Force 71 8.2 Tether Moving across Ambient Magnetic Field 71 8.3 Bare and Conducting Tether 73 8.4 Floating Potential of Plasma Contactor 75 8.5 Sheath Model 75 8.6 Sheath Ionization 77 8.7 Numerical Method for Sheath Ionization Model 79 8.8 Results of Sheath Ionization 80 8.9 Comparison of Theory with Space Experiment 81 8.10 Exercises 82 8.11 References 82 Chapter 9: Surface Charging Induced by Electron Beam Impact 9.1 Impact Energy of an Electron Beam 84 9.2 Electron Beam Impact on an Initially Uncharged Surface 85 9.3 Electron Impact on an Initially Negatively Charged Surface 85 9.4 Electron Impact on an Initially Positively Charged Surface 87 9.5 Summary 89 9.6 Limitation 89 9.7 Exercises 89 9.8 References 90 Chapter 10: Spacecraft Charging Induced by Electron Beam Emission 10.1 Current Balance without Beam Emission 91 10.2 Electron Beam Emission 92 10.3 Charging to Positive Potentials 93 10.4 Remarks 94 10.5 Exercises 95 10.6 References 96 Chapter 11: Supercharging 11.1 Charging Induced by Large Beam Current Emission 97 11.2 Supercharging 99 11.3 Physical Interpretation of Experimental Results 99 11.4 Surface Charging of Booms 100 11.5 Summary 101 11.6 Exercises 101 11.7 References 102 Chapter 12: Ion Beam Emission from Spacecraft 12.1 Active Control of Spacecraft Potential 103 12.2 Return of Ion Beam 105 12.3 Lower Limit of the Reduced Potential 106 12.4 Space Charge Effect 106 12.5 Charge Exchange in Charged Particle Beams 108 12.6 Chemical Reactions in Ion Beams 110 12.7 Ion Beam in Sunlight 110 12.8 Exercises 112 12.9 References 112 Chapter 13: Discharges on Spacecraft 13.1 Introduction 114 13.2 Location of Discharges on Spacecraft 114 13.3 Surface Discharge Scaling Law 116 13.4 Differential Charging 116 13.5 "Brush Fire" Discharge 117 13.6 Paschen and Non-Paschen Discharges 118 13.7 The Townsend Criterion 119 13.8 Remark on Threshold Voltage 121 13.9 Time Evolution of a Discharge 121 13.10 Laboratory Observations on Discharges 122 13.11 Discharges Initiated by Meteor or Debris Impacts 123 13.12 Exercises 124 13.13 References 124 Chapter 14: Energetic Particle Penetration into Matter 14.1 Introduction 126 14.2 High-Energy Charged Particle Penetration into Solids 126 14.3 Physics of High-Energy Charged Particle Penetration into Matter 127 14.4 The Bohr Model of Charged Particle Interaction 127 14.5 Stopping Power 129 14.6 The Bethe-Bloch Equation 129 14.7 Range and Penetration Distance 130 14.8 Approximate Penetration Depth Formula 132 14.9 Effects of Charged Particle Penetration 133 14.10 Effects on Astronauts 134 14.11 Research Questions in High-Energy Penetration of Charged Particles into Matter 134 14.12 Exercises 134 14.13 References 135 Chapter 15: Spacecraft Anomalies 15.1 Introduction 137 15.2 Space Anomalies due to Surface Charging 137 15.3 Energy of Surface Discharge 139 15.4 Correlation with Space Environment 140 15.5 Evidence of Deep Dielectric Charging on CRRES 140 15.6 Conclusive Evidence of Deep Dielectric Charging 141 15.7 Anomalies Observed on Twin Satellites in the Radiation Belts 142 15.8 Exercises 144 15.9 References 145 Chapter 16: Deep Dielectric Charging 16.1 Introduction 146 16.2 The Importance of Deep Dielectric Charging 146 16.3 High-Energy Electron and Ion Fluxes 147 16.4 Penetration of High-Energy Charges into Materials 148 16.5 Properties of Dielectrics 149 16.6 Observations Attributed to Deep Dielectric Charging 153 16.7 Avalanche Ionization in a High Electric Field 154 16.8 Related Questions and Related Mechanisms 155 16.9 The Mott Transition 156 16.10 The Poole-Frenkel High Electric Field Effect 158 16.11 Zener Breakdown 158 16.12 Electron Fluence 160 16.13 Critical Fluence for Deep Dielectric Charging 161 16.14 Charge Density with Leakage 161 16.15 A Remark on Spacecraft Anomalies 161 16.16 Effect of Electrons Deposited inside Electronics 162 16.17 Exercises 163 16.18 References 164 Chapter 17: Charging Mitigation Methods 17.1 Introduction 166 17.2 Sharp Spike Method 166 17.3 Hot Filament Emission Method 168 17.4 Conducting Grid Method 169 17.5 Partially Conducting Paint/Surface Method 169 17.6 High Secondary Electron Yield Method 169 17.7 Electron and Ion Emission Method 169 17.8 The DSCS Charge Control Experiment 171 17.9 Vaporization Method 172 17.10 Deep Dielectric Charging 172 17.11 Exercises 172 17.12 References 173 Chapter 18: Introduction to Meteors 18.1 Size Distribution 175 18.2 Meteor Showers 175 18.3 Meteor Velocity Limits 177 18.4 Nonshower Meteors 179 18.5 Debris 179 18.6 Meteor Composition 180 18.7 Exercises 180 18.8 References 180 Chapter 19: Meteor Impacts 19.1 Kinetic Energy of Meteoric Particles 182 19.2 Depth of Penetration 182 19.3 Mitigation of Meteoric Impacts 186 19.4 Meteor Shields 186 19.5 Impact Probability of Meteors 187 19.6 Perturbation of Angular Momentum 188 19.7 Secondary Electrons and Ions by Neutral Particle Impact 188 19.8 Plasma Generation by Neutral Particle Impact 188 19.9 Sudden Spacecraft Discharge Hazards 189 19.10 Summary 191 19.11 Exercises 191 19.12 References 191 Chapter 20: Neutral Gas Release 20.1 Ionization and Recombination 194 20.2 Critical Ionization Velocity 197 20.3 Neutral Beam Stripping 199 20.4 Exercises 201 20.5 References 201 Appendixes and Addenda Appendix 1: Drift of Hot Electrons 205 Appendix 2: Transformation of Coordinates 214 Appendix 3: Normalization and Dimension of Maxwellian Distribution 215 Appendix 4: Flux Integrals 217 Appendix 5: Energy Distribution 219 Appendix 6: Sheath Engulfment 220 Appendix 7: PN Junctions 225 Appendix 8: Probability Function 229 Addendum 1: Computer Software for Spacecraft Charging Calculations 231 Addendum 2: Spacecraft Charging at Jupiter and Saturn 236 Addendum 3: Physical Constants and Conventions 240 Acknowledgments 243 Index 245

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Book SynopsisMany problems in the sciences and engineering can be rephrased as optimization problems on matrix search spaces endowed with a so-called manifold structure. This book shows how to exploit the special structure of such problems to develop efficient numerical algorithms. It is of interest to applied mathematicians, and computer scientists.Trade Review"This book is succinct but essentially self-contained; it includes an appendix with background material as well as an extensive bibliography. The algorithmic techniques developed may be useful anytime a model leads to a mathematical optimization problem where the domain naturally is a manifold, particularly if the manifold is a matrix manifold. The book follows the usual definition-theorem-proof style but it is not intended for traditional course work so there are no exercises. A reader with limited exposure to manifold theory and differential geometry most likely will benefit from consulting standard texts on those subjects first."--Anders Linner, Mathematical Reviews "[T]his book is succinct but essentially self-contained; it includes an appendix with background material as well as an extensive bibliography. The algorithmic techniques developed may be useful anytime a model leads to a mathematical optimization problem where the domain naturally is a manifold, particularly if the manifold is a matrix manifold. The book follows the usual definition-theorem-proof style but it is not intended for traditional course work so there are no exercises. A reader with limited exposure to manifold theory and differential geometry most likely will benefit from consulting standard texts on those subjects first."--Anders Linner, American Mathematical Society "The book is very well and carefully written. Every chapter starts with a page-long introduction clearly outlining its goals and how they are achieved together with possible relations to other chapters. I find the material very well explained and supported with appropriate examples. It is a pleasure to work with such a book."--Nickolay T. Trendafilov, Foundations of Computational MathematicsTable of ContentsList of Algorithms xi Foreword, by Paul Van Dooren xiii Notation Conventions xv Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Motivation and Applications 5 2.1 A case study: the eigenvalue problem 5 2.1.1 The eigenvalue problem as an optimization problem 7 2.1.2 Some benefits of an optimization framework 9 2.2 Research problems 10 2.2.1 Singular value problem 10 2.2.2 Matrix approximations 12 2.2.3 Independent component analysis 13 2.2.4 Pose estimation and motion recovery 14 2.3 Notes and references 16 Chapter 3. Matrix Manifolds: First-Order Geometry 17 3.1 Manifolds 18 3.1.1 Definitions: charts, atlases, manifolds 18 3.1.2 The topology of a manifold* 20 3.1.3 How to recognize a manifold 21 3.1.4 Vector spaces as manifolds 22 3.1.5 The manifolds Rn x p and Rn x p 22 3.1.6 Product manifolds 23 3.2 Differentiable functions 24 3.2.1 Immersions and submersions 24 3.3 Embedded submanifolds 25 3.3.1 General theory 25 3.3.2 The Stiefel manifold 26 3.4 Quotient manifolds 27 3.4.1 Theory of quotient manifolds 27 3.4.2 Functions on quotient manifolds 29 3.4.3 The real projective space RPn x 1 30 3.4.4 The Grassmann manifold Grass(p, n) 30 3.5 Tangent vectors and differential maps 32 3.5.1 Tangent vectors 33 3.5.2 Tangent vectors to a vector space 35 3.5.3 Tangent bundle 36 3.5.4 Vector fields 36 3.5.5 Tangent vectors as derivations? 37 3.5.6 Differential of a mapping 38 3.5.7 Tangent vectors to embedded submanifolds 39 3.5.8 Tangent vectors to quotient manifolds 42 3.6 Riemannian metric, distance, and gradients 45 3.6.1 Riemannian submanifolds 47 3.6.2 Riemannian quotient manifolds 48 3.7 Notes and references 51 Chapter 4. Line-Search Algorithms on Manifolds 54 4.1 Retractions 54 4.1.1 Retractions on embedded submanifolds 56 4.1.2 Retractions on quotient manifolds 59 4.1.3 Retractions and local coordinates* 61 4.2 Line-search methods 62 4.3 Convergence analysis 63 4.3.1 Convergence on manifolds 63 4.3.2 A topological curiosity* 64 4.3.3 Convergence of line-search methods 65 4.4 Stability of fixed points 66 4.5 Speed of convergence 68 4.5.1 Order of convergence 68 4.5.2 Rate of convergence of line-search methods* 70 4.6 Rayleigh quotient minimization on the sphere 73 4.6.1 Cost function and gradient calculation 74 4.6.2 Critical points of the Rayleigh quotient 74 4.6.3 Armijo line search 76 4.6.4 Exact line search 78 4.6.5 Accelerated line search: locally optimal conjugate gradient 78 4.6.6 Links with the power method and inverse iteration 78 4.7 Refining eigenvector estimates 80 4.8 Brockett cost function on the Stiefel manifold 80 4.8.1 Cost function and search direction 80 4.8.2 Critical points 81 4.9 Rayleigh quotient minimization on the Grassmann manifold 83 4.9.1 Cost function and gradient calculation 83 4.9.2 Line-search algorithm 85 4.10 Notes and references 86 Chapter 5. Matrix Manifolds: Second-Order Geometry 91 5.1 Newton's method in Rn 91 5.2 Affine connections 93 5.3 Riemannian connection 96 5.3.1 Symmetric connections 96 5.3.2 Definition of the Riemannian connection 97 5.3.3 Riemannian connection on Riemannian submanifolds 98 5.3.4 Riemannian connection on quotient manifolds 100 5.4 Geodesics, exponential mapping, and parallel translation 101 5.5 Riemannian Hessian operator 104 5.6 Second covariant derivative* 108 5.7 Notes and references 110 Chapter 6. Newton's Method 111 6.1 Newton's method on manifolds 111 6.2 Riemannian Newton method for real-valued functions 113 6.3 Local convergence 114 6.3.1 Calculus approach to local convergence analysis 117 6.4 Rayleigh quotient algorithms 118 6.4.1 Rayleigh quotient on the sphere 118 6.4.2 Rayleigh quotient on the Grassmann manifold 120 6.4.3 Generalized eigenvalue problem 121 6.4.4 The nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem 125 6.4.5 Newton with subspace acceleration: Jacobi-Davidson 126 6.5 Analysis of Rayleigh quotient algorithms 128 6.5.1 Convergence analysis 128 6.5.2 Numerical implementation 129 6.6 Notes and references 131 Chapter 7. Trust-Region Methods 136 7.1 Models 137 7.1.1 Models in Rn 137 7.1.2 Models in general Euclidean spaces 137 7.1.3 Models on Riemannian manifolds 138 7.2 Trust-region methods 140 7.2.1 Trust-region methods in Rn 140 7.2.2 Trust-region methods on Riemannian manifolds 140 7.3 Computing a trust-region step 141 7.3.1 Computing a nearly exact solution 142 7.3.2 Improving on the Cauchy point 143 7.4 Convergence analysis 145 7.4.1 Global convergence 145 7.4.2 Local convergence 152 7.4.3 Discussion 158 7.5 Applications 159 7.5.1 Checklist 159 7.5.2 Symmetric eigenvalue decomposition 160 7.5.3 Computing an extreme eigenspace 161 7.6 Notes and references 165 Chapter 8. A Constellation of Superlinear Algorithms 168 8.1 Vector transport 168 8.1.1 Vector transport and affine connections 170 8.1.2 Vector transport by differentiated retraction 172 8.1.3 Vector transport on Riemannian submanifolds 174 8.1.4 Vector transport on quotient manifolds 174 8.2 Approximate Newton methods 175 8.2.1 Finite difference approximations 176 8.2.2 Secant methods 178 8.3 Conjugate gradients 180 8.3.1 Application: Rayleigh quotient minimization 183 8.4 Least-square methods 184 8.4.1 Gauss-Newton methods 186 8.4.2 Levenberg-Marquardt methods 187 8.5 Notes and references 188 A. Elements of Linear Algebra, Topology, and Calculus 189 A.1 Linear algebra 189 A.2 Topology 191 A.3 Functions 193 A.4 Asymptotic notation 194 A.5 Derivatives 195 A.6 Taylor's formula 198 Bibliography 201 Index 221

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Book SynopsisProvides a variety of state-space-based numerical algorithms for the synthesis of feedback algorithms for linear systems with input saturation. This title addresses and solves the anti-windup problem, presenting the objectives and terminology of the problem and the mathematical tools behind anti-windup algorithms.Trade Review"This book goes a long way toward providing comprehensive coverage of systematic procedures for anti-windup synthesis, emphasizing algorithmic issues and modern design techniques. A valuable resource for researchers and practitioners, it should interest a broad audience in control engineering, as well as in other disciplines, such as mechanical and chemical engineering."—Prodromos Daoutidis, University of MinnesotaTable of Contents*FrontMatter, pg. i*Contents, pg. v*Preface, pg. ix*Arlgorithms Summary, pg. xi*Chapter One. The Windup Phenomenon and Anti-windup Illustrated, pg. 3*Chapter Two. Anti-windup: Definitions, Objectives, and Architectures, pg. 23*Chapter Three. Analysis and Synthesis of Feedback Systems: Quadratic Functions and LMIs, pg. 48*Chapter Four. Static Linear Anti-windup Augmentation, pg. 77*Chapter Five. Dynamic Linear Anti-windup Augmentation, pg. 109*Chapter Six. The MRAW Framework, pg. 157*Chapter Seven. Linear MRAW Synthesis, pg. 174*Chapter Eight. Nonlinear MRAVV Synthesis, pg. 200*Chapter Nine. The MRAVV Structure Applied to Other Problems, pg. 226*Chapter Ten. Anti-windup for Euler-Lagrange Plants, pg. 245*Chapter Eleven. Annotated Bibliography, pg. 269*Index, pg. 285

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Book SynopsisHenri Poincar (1854-1912) was not just one of the most inventive, versatile, and productive mathematicians of all time - he was also a leading physicist who almost won a Nobel Prize for physics. This book explores all the fields that Poincar touched, the debates sparked by his investigations, and how his discoveries still contribute to society.Trade ReviewOne of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2013 "[M]asterly ... Gray encapsulates Poincare's multiple dimensions; his intellectual biography is both a tour de force and a triumph of readability."--George Szpiro, Nature "Gray shows us the full dazzling sweep of what Poincare accomplished, including the work on dynamical systems and chaos that only came into its own in recent years. A tour de force, Gray's masterful treatment will long remain an invaluable resource for all who want to understand Poincare, so embedded within his times and yet so far ahead of them."--Peter Pesic, Science "[A] comprehensive but uncluttered guide to Poincare's extensive oeuvres."--Madeline Muntersbjorn, Times Higher Education "Full of the mathematical, physical and metaphysical ideas of a man who was not only a dispassionate observer of the world around us, but of our way of understanding it."--Mark Ronan, Standpoint Magazine (U.K.) "[A] comprehensive assessment of Poincare's work and its importance, essential for anyone interested in Poincare's scholarship or the history of mathematics."--Laura Tarwater Scharp, Sacramento Book Review "Comprehensive."--Science News "A fundamental study of the scientific work of one of the greatest mathematicians and mathematical physicists of the three decades straddling the 19th and 20th centuries... Chapters are organized topically, not chronologically. Each illuminates in depth one or other of Poincare's works but all are set in context both historical and temathic such that each can serve as an introduction into the many subjects to which Poincare made a contribution."--Alexander Bogomolny, CTK Insights "Poincare's work is fully alive in science today. This biography is one of the first thorough introductions to his work, it should get the attention of mathematicians, natural scientists and philosophers."--Ferdinand Verhulst, European Legacy "Gray, a mathematics historian and scholar on the life and work of Henry Poincare, has, with the support of a Leverhulme Research Fellowship, produced this comprehensive and definitive 'scientific biography.' Gray offers abundant rich information on Poincare's ideas and scientific process, the evolution and maturity of his mathematics including missteps, the dexterity of his reasoning, and the influences that shaped his thought."--Choice "I recommend [this] book highly."--Robert E. O'Malley, Jr., SIAM Review "Jeremy Gray's book on Poincare's mathematics, physics, and philosophy is an important contribution to the literature and a huge step towards a full biography of this pioneer of modern science."--Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze, Zentralblatt MATH "Gray's book is a comprehensive scientific biography of Poincare. It embraces the broad scope of Poincare's work, from his philosophical speculations to his popular writing, and gives a thorough overview of his extensive mathematical researches."--Peter Lynch, Irish Mathematical Society Bulletin "[T]he author does not simply give platitudes when writing about Poincare's ideas: mathematicians will enjoy reading about his discoveries concerning the three-body problem, the theory of functions, topology, number theory, Lie theory, algebraic geometry, and probability. This scientific biography is the first to comprehensively cover all of Poincare's main contributions to mathematics, philosophy, and physics."--Alan S. McRae, Mathemematical Reviews Clippings "Jeremy Gray has done a marvelous job of exposition and of binding together the many different cognitive, social and biographical strands into the coherent whole of a challenging, but highly rewarding, 'scientific biography'."--Klaus Hentschel, British Journal for the History of Science "A good intellectual biography of an artist should help the reader see how a particular worldview shapes the pursuit of art. Gray's book does that most admirably."--Daniel S. Alexander, H-France Review "Henry Poincare is likely to remain the standard by which scientific biographies, at least those that concern physicists and mathematicians, are judged for some time."--Christopher Cumo, Canadian Journal of History "I warmly recommend the book to anyone with an interest in the development of modern mathematics. It will surely be the definitive scientific biography of Poincare for the foreseeable future."--John Stillwell, Notices of the AMS "Gray describes Poincare's scientific epoch in a beautiful way. Due attention is paid to the mathematical and further scientific aspects of his life, and the intellectual complexity of his achievements, both in their range and their depth, are amply discussed. Gray displays a mastery of his material that is rare even among historians of mathematics and science, and his biography is richly rewarding, engrossing, and informative. He deserves our congratulations."--H. W. Broer, Journal of the British Society for the History of Mathematics "Gray succeeds admirably in presenting both the conceptual and the historical context necessary to appreciate Poincare's contributions. Gray's masterful biography may well serve as a standard example for future endeavors of this kind."--Tilman Sauer, Isis "The obvious virtue of this book is its comprehensiveness. The deeper virtue is to connect Poincare's views of all the parts of his work and to encourage more of that. Gray gives us Poincare's view of Science as a whole."--Colin McLarty, Mathematical Intelligencer "The book is an endless source of interesting insights by Poincare... I would recommend the book for mathematicians, mathematics educators, and philosophers in higher education who want a rich understanding of Poincare, his work, and his times."--Mary L. Garner, Mathematics TeacherTable of ContentsList of Figures ix Preface xi Introduction 1 * Views of Poincare 3 * Poincare's Way of Thinking 6 1 The Essayist 27 * Poincare and the Three Body Problem 27 * Poincare's Popular Essays 34 * Paris Celebrates the New Century 59 * Science, Hypothesis, Value 67 * Poincare and Projective Geometry 76 * Poincare's Popular Writings on Physics 100 * The Future of Mathematics 112 * Poincare among the Logicians 123 * Poincare's Defenses of Science 144 2 Poincare's Career 153 * Childhood, Schooling 153 * The Ecole Polytechnique 157 * The Ecole des Mines 158 * Academic Life 160 * The Dreyfus Affair 165 * National Spokesman 169 * Contemporary Technology 177 * International Representative 187 * The Nobel Prize 192 *"1911", "1912" 200 * Remembering Poincare 202 3 The Prize Competition of 1880 207 * The Competition 207 * Fuchs, Schwarz, Klein, and Automorphic Functions 224 * Uniformization, 1882 to 1907 247 4 The Three Body Problem 253 * Flows on Surfaces 253 * Stability Questions 265 * Poincare's Essay and Its Supplements 266 *Les Methodes Nouvelles de la Mecanique Celeste 281 * Poincare Returns 291 5 Cosmogony 300 * Rotating Fluid Masses 300 6 Physics 318 * Theories of Electricity before Poincare: Maxwell 318 * Poincare's Electricite et Optique, 1890 329 * Larmor and Lorentz: The Electron and the Ether 338 * Poincare on Hertz and Lorentz 346 * St. Louis, 1904 356 * The Dynamics of the Electron 361 * Poincare and Einstein 367 * Early Quantum Theory 378 7 Theory of Functions and Mathematical Physics 382 * Function Theory of a Single Variable 382 * Function Theory of Several Variables 391 * Poincare's Approach to Potential Theory 402 * The Six Lectures in Gottingen, 1909 416 8 Topology 427 * Topology before Poincare 427 * Poincare's Work, 1895 to 1905 432 9 Interventions in Pure Mathematics 467 * Number Theory 467 * Lie Theory 489 * Algebraic Geometry 498 10 Poincare as a Professional Physicist 509 * Thermodynamics 513 * Probability 518 11 Poincare and the Philosophy of Science 525 * Poincare: Idealist, Skeptic, or Structural Realist? 525 12 Appendixes 543 * Elliptic and Abelian Functions 543 * Maxwell's Equations 545 * Glossary 548 References 553 * Articles and Books by Poincare 554 * Other Authors 564 Name Index 585 Subject Index 589

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Book Synopsis"A short, provocative manifesto for the programmable materials revolution from the visionary founder of MIT's Self-Assembly Lab"--Trade Review"Finalist for the PROSE Award in Engineering and Technology, Association of American Publishers""Books like Things Fall Together should be required reading for students and veteran designers alike. It’s time for these ideas about material intelligence to leave the lab; to commingle among designers, architects, and engineers; and to start finding their way into reality. Not just as conceptual explorations, but as part of the fabric of our everyday lives."---Luke T. Baker, Metropolis"Things Fall Together upends commonly held presumptions about how the constructed world operates. . . . We need just this kind of bold, cross-disciplinary thinking to unlock the full potential of designed materials—and to realize a future in which materiality is considered at every stage and scale of the design process."---Blaine Brownell, Architect"[Things Fall Together] matter-of-factly, without exaggeration or hype, demonstrates that the seemingly wild idea of a biology-like technology is not impossible. . . . Tibbits has done a remarkable service in packing this gigantic vision into a short, readable book. 'Look what is coming!' he says. And we should look."---Kevin Kelly, Reason"A subtle yet eye-catching book. . . . Things Fall Together provides an insider’s perspective on the materials revolution that lies ahead."---Jenna Collignon, Western Exteriors Magazine"Tibbits' book is a compact, highly readable explanation of the work carried out at the Self-Assembly Lab and some of the other like-minded labs and institutions around the world."---John Hill, A Daily Dose of Architecture Books

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Book Synopsis

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