Electronics and communications engineering Books
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electromigration and Electronic Device
Book SynopsisThis study reviews an important reliability issue for both silicon and GaAs technologies. It surveys the status of electromigration physics in microelectronics, and summarizes various rate controlling details.Table of ContentsReliability and Electromigration Degradation of GaAs MicrowaveMonolithic Integrated Circuits (A. Christou). Simulation and Computer Models for Electromigration (P.Tang). Temperature Dependencies on Electromigration (M. Pecht & P.Lall). Electromigration and Related Failure Mechanisms in VLSIMetallizations (A. Christou & M. Peckerar). Metallic Electromigration Phenomena (S. Krumbein). Theoretical and Experimental Study of Electromigration (J.Zhao). GaAs on Silicon Performance and Reliability (P. Panayotatos, etal.). Electromigration and Stability of Multilayer Metal-SemiconductorSystems on GaAs (A. Christou). Electrothermomigration Theory and Experiments in Aluminum Thin FilmMetallizations (A. Christou). Reliable Metallization for VLSI (M. Peckerar). Index.
£193.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics
Book SynopsisThis revised text covers electromagnetic waves and fields in great detail. It begins with a review of static electric and magnetic fields, providing results useful for static fields and time-dependent field problems in which the size of the device is small compared with the wavelength.Table of ContentsStationary Electric Fields. Stationary Magnetic Fields. Maxwell's Equations. The Electromagnetics of Circuits. Transmission Lines. Plane-Wave Propagation and Reflection. Two- and Three-Dimensional Boundary Value Problems. Waveguides with Cylindrical Conducting Boundaries. Special Waveguide Types. Resonant Cavities. Microwave Networks. Radiation. Electromagnetic Properties of Materials. Optics. Appendices. Index.
£243.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Introduction to Photorefractive Nonlinear Optics
Book SynopsisBridging the gap between theory and practice, it clarifies important phenomena in photorefractive media and shows how to apply these phenomena in actual situations.Table of ContentsElectromagnetic Waves in Crystals. Electromagnetic Propagation in Periodic Media. Photorefractive Effects. Wave Mixing in Photorefractive Media. Photorefractive Resonators. Photorefractive Phase Conjugators. Diffraction Properties of Gratings in Photorefractive Media. Volume Holograms and Planar Holograms. Phase Conjugate Interferometry. Optical Computing. Other Applications. Higher Order Photo-Induced Gratings. Appendices. Indexes.
£216.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Catalysts for Change
Book SynopsisOf related interest. Design for Success A Human-Centered Approachto Designing Successful Products and Systems William B. Rouse Thisgroundbreaking book offers a comprehensive, methodologicalframework for the human-centered design of complex systems. Thisdynamic new approach to system design includes four phases --naturalist, marketing, engineering, and sales and service -- whichcover the entire product life cycle, including: * Evaluating users'' needs and preferences * Concept and market evaluation of alternative ways to satisfythese demands * Detailed design and engineering evaluation of products andsystems * Fielding and ongoing in-use evaluation A wide variety of methods and tools is discussed within thismethodological framework. Applications are illustrated with casestudies of actual applications in a variety of industries. Thisbook makes human-centered design very concrete and readilyapplicable to practical and realistically complex design problems.How to guidanTable of ContentsOutline of the Model. Culture and Religion. Science and Technology. Elaboration and Integration of the Model. Understanding the Marketplace. Enabling the Enterprise. Settling Sociotechnical Disputes. Resolving Political Conflicts. Enabling Change. Indexes.
£147.56
Wiley Interactive Decision Making
Book SynopsisA comprehensive procedure for systematically examining actual disputes. Clearly explains the theory and practice of this novel approach to conflict modeling, analysis and resolution. Based upon ideas from both graph and game theories, it extends the realm of multiple objective-multiple-participant decision making in useful directions. Includes a wealth of illustrations and a computer disk.
£173.66
Wiley Spread Spectrum Systems with Commercial
Book SynopsisSince the demise of the Cold War this specialized technology has been transferred to the civilian sector where there are many applications and great interest. This edition features a section which addresses consumer and commercial uses of spread spectrum systems. Comprehensively describes techniques so readers can readily apply them to actual situations.Table of ContentsPart I General Spread Spectrum Systems 1 1 The Whats and Whys of Spread Spectrum Systems 3 2 Spread Spectrum Techniques 18 3 Coding for Communications and Ranging 60 4 Modulation and Modulators: Generating the Wideband Signal 114 5 Correlation and Demodulation 159 6 Synchronization 220 7 The RF Link 267 8 Navigating with Spread Spectrum Systems 297 9 Applications of Spread Spectrum Methods 319 10 Test and Evaluation of Spread Spectrum Systems 341 Part II Commercial Applications of Spread Spectrum Systems 359 11 Tradeoffs in Commercial Applications of Spread Spectrum Systems 361 12 Multiple Access, Snake Oil, and Fairy Tales 399 13 Current Consumer and Commercial Systems 416 14 Turning the (Spread Spectrum) World Upside Down 426 Appendix 1 Glossary of Terms 434 Answers to Problems 557 Index 569
£173.66
John Wiley & Sons Inc Integrated Circuits 3e
Book SynopsisThis book provides all the required information for a course in modern device electronics taken by undergraduate electrical engineers. Offers coverage of silicon technology, several topics in basic semiconductor physics, and Hall--effect sensors. The chapters on MOSFET focus on mobility variations and threshold--voltage dependence.Table of ContentsSemiconductor Electronics. Silicon Technology. Metal-Semiconductor Contacts. pn Junctions. Currents in pn Junctions. Bipolar Transistors I: Basic Properties. Bipolar Transistors II: Limitations and Models. Properties of the Metal-Oxide-Silicon System. Mos Field-Effect Transistors I: Physical Effects and Models. Mos Field-Effect Transistors II: High-Field Effects. Answers to Selected Problems. Selected List of Symbols. Index.
£249.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Statistical Digital Signal Processing and
Book SynopsisThis book responds to the dramatic growth in digital signal processing (DSP) over the past decade. While its focal point is signal modeling, the book integrates and explores the relationships of signal modeling to the important problems of optimal filtering, spectral estimation, and adaptive filtering.Table of ContentsBackground. Discrete-Time Random Processes. Signal Modeling. The Levinson Recursion. Lattice Filters. Wiener Filtering. Spectrum Estimation. Adaptive Filtering. Appendix. Table of Symbols. Index.
£222.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing
Book SynopsisA concise introduction to the design and analysis of digital signal processors. Unique in its presentation of advanced topics at the undergraduate level. Contains excellent graphics and includes coverage of the A/D-digital filter and D/A structures of digital systems. Each chapter includes many carefully worked-out examples and concludes with a summary and problems.Table of ContentsFundamentals of Discrete-Time Systems. The Z-Transform. Analog Filter Design. Digital Filter Design. Realizations of Filters. The Discrete Fourier Transform.
£202.35
John Wiley & Sons Inc Ultrasonic Bioinstrumentation
Book SynopsisThis study describes the physical foundations of biomedical engineering and bioinstrumentation in the context of their application to actual instruments.Table of ContentsThe Wave Equation and Its Solutions. Impedance, Power, and Reflection. Acoustical Properties of Biological Tissues. Transducers, Beam Patterns, and Resolution. Diagnostic Imaging Configurations. Doppler and Other Ultrasonic Flowmeters. The Safety and Measurement of Ultrasound. Bibliography and Suggestions for Further Reading. Index.
£230.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and
Book SynopsisThis comprehensive introduction to the elementary theory and properties of semiconductors describes the basic physics of semiconductor materials and technologies for fabrication of semiconductor devices. Addresses approaches to modeling and provides details of measurement techniques. Includes numerous illustrative examples and graded problems.Table of ContentsBASIC PHYSICS.Review of Atomic Structure and Statistical Mechanics.Crystalline Solids and Energy Bands.FUNDAMENTALS OF SEMICONDUCTORS.Semiconductor Materials and Their Properties.Carrier Transport in Semiconductors.Excess Carriers in Semiconductors.JUNCTIONS AND INTERFACES.p-n Junctions.Static I-V Characteristics of p-n Junction Diodes.Electrical Breakdown in p-n Junctions.Dynamic Behavior of p-n Junction Diodes.Majority Carrier Diodes.SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES.Microwave Diodes.Optoelectronic Devices.Bipolar Junction Transistors I: Fundamentals.Bipolar Junction Transistors II: Devices.Junction and Metal-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors.MOS Transistors and Charge-Coupled Devices.Circuit Models for Transistors.Power Rectifiers and Thyristors.SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY AND MEASUREMENTS.Technology of Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits.Semiconductor Measurements.Appendices.Answers to Selected Problems.Index.
£217.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Disaster Management in Telecommunications
Book SynopsisAdvances in communications technology continue to accelerate.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Purpose and Scope of the Book. Introduction. Telecommunications Systems: An Overview. Some Common Interruptions. Basic Principles of Disaster Management. Designing for Disaster. Service Recovery. Options for Disaster Recovery. Telecommunications Systems and their Vulnerability. Safety Considerations. Legal Issues in Disaster Management. Case Studies. Conclusion. Appendix A: Troubleshooting Transistors. Appendix B: Troubleshooting Logic Circuits. Appendix C: Troubleshooting FETs and MOSFETs. Appendix D: How to Present Data for QoS Figures. Appendix E: Paralleling of Broadcasting Transmitters. Appendix F: Financial Turnaround at a TV Tube Maker. Bibliography. Index.
£147.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc The SPICE Book
Book SynopsisExtremely easy--to--follow due to its natural progression tutorial approach on how to advance from the solution of typical electrical and electronic circuit examples by hand, followed by a SPICE verification through the discussion of simulation results.Table of ContentsIntroduction to Electrical Computer Simulation. Circuit Element and Network Description. Semiconductor-Device Elements. DC Analysis. AC Analysis. Time-Domain Analysis. Functional and Hierarchical Simulation. Distortion Analysis. SPICE Algorithms and Options. Convergence Advice. Appendices. Index.
£80.70
John Wiley & Sons Inc Quantum Electronics
Book SynopsisThis Third Edition of the popular text, while retaining nearly all the material of the previous edition, incorporates material on important new developments in lasers and quantum electronics. Covers phase-conjugate optics and its myriad applications, the long wavelength quaternary semiconductor laser, and our deepened understanding of the physics of semiconductor lasers--especially that applying to their current modulations and limiting bandwidth, laser arrays and the related concept of supermodes, quantum well semiconductor lasers, the role of phase amplitude coupling in laser noise, and free-electron lasers. In addition, the chapters on laser noise and third-order nonlinear effects have been extensively revised.Table of ContentsBasic Theorems and Postulates of Quantum Mechanics. Some Solutions of the Time-Independent Schrödinger Equation. Matrix Formulation of Quantum Mechanics. Lattice Vibrations and Their Quantization. Electromagnetic Fields and Their Quantization. The Propagation of Optical Beams in Homogeneous and Lenslike Media. Optical Resonators. Interaction of Radiation and Atomic Systems. Laser Oscillation. Some Specific Laser Systems. Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Quantum Well Lasers. The Free-Electron Laser. The Modulation of Optical Radiation. Coherent Interactions of a Radiation Field and an Atomic System. Introduction to Nonlinear Optics--Second-Harmonic Generation. Parametric Amplification, Oscillation, and Fluorescence. Third-Order Optical Nonlinearities--Stimulated Raman and Brillouin Scattering. Phase-Conjugate-Optics and Photorefractive Beam Coupling. Q-Switching and Mode Locking of Lasers. Noise and Spectra of Laser Amplifiers and Oscillators. Guided Wave Optics--Propagation in Optical Fibers. Appendices. Index.
£232.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Through Rain
Book SynopsisClimatic factors such as rain, snow, and other forms of precipitation can have a significant impact on the transmission of radio, light, or heat waves in the atmosphere. Communication systems may experience a loss of signal caused by the effects of rain on a radio link.Trade Review"Robert Crane has written a highly technical and useful manual that those in communications engineering will find useful." (E-Streams, Vol. 7, No. 5)Table of ContentsEffects of Rain. Rain Structure and Rain-Rate Statistics. Rain-Rate Climate Models. Modeling Attenuation by Rain. Attenuation Mitigation via Diversity. Worst-Month Statistics. Estimating Risk. References. Appendix. Index.
£154.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Next Generation SONETSDH Voice and Data
Book SynopsisSince the early 1990's, the SONET/SDH standard has been very successful in high speed optical communications. It paved the way to ultra high bandwidth data transport. This work tells how, earlier, the primary objective of SONET was synchronous traffic with an expected high quality of service whereas asynchronous traffic was of secondary concern.Trade Review"The book is useful for communication professionals who are interested in improving their knowledge in this exciting field as well as students and will be a good addition to university as well as professional libraries." (E-STREAMS, July 2004)Table of ContentsPreface xi Introduction 1 1 Synchronous Hierarchical Networks 5 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 Switching Hierarchy 8 1.3 Digital Subscriber Lines 9 1.3.1 2B1Q 11 1.3.2 DMT 11 1.3.3 CAP 12 References 13 2 Synchronous Optical Networks SONET/SDH 15 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 SONET Frames 18 2.3 Virtual Tributaries 23 2.4 STS-N Frames 27 2.4.1 Concatenation and Super Rates 27 2.4.2 Scrambling 28 2.4.3 Mapping by Layer 29 2.5 Maintenance 30 2.6 Summary 31 References 32 3 Asynchronous Data/Packet Networks 33 3.1 Introduction 33 3.2 Data Traffic Concepts 34 3.2.1 Natural Information Rate 34 3.2.2 Packet Networks 36 3.2.3 Timing Aspects 37 3.3 Review of Data Networks 38 3.3.1 Ethernet 38 3.3.2 FDDI 39 3.3.3 Switched Multi-megabit Data Services 41 3.3.4 Frame Relay 41 3.3.5 Internet Protocol 41 3.3.6 IP Telephony or Voice over IP 44 3.3.5 FAX over IP 45 3.4 Point-to-Point Protocol 46 3.5 8B/10B Block Coding Overview 48 3.5.1 Example, 3B/4B Block Coding 48 3.6 Fiber Channel 50 3.7 ESCON 54 3.8 FICON 55 3.9 Gigabit Ethernet 56 3.10 Resilient Packet Ring 60 3.11 Laps 61 3.12 Ethernet over LAPS over Legacy SONET/SDH 64 3.13 IP over LAPS over SONET/SDH 65 3.14 MPLS, MPλS and GMPLS 65 3.15 XDLC 71 3.16 ATM 71 3.16 ATM over SONET/SDH 78 References 79 4 The Generic Framing Procedure 83 4.1 Introduction 83 4.2 Frame Multiplexing 84 4.3 Client Payload Multiplexing 84 4.4 GFP Frame Structure 85 4.5 Error Control 86 4.5.1 Header Error Control 86 4.6 Delineation 87 4.7 Scrambling 89 4.7.1 Frame Structure Payload 89 4.8 Idle GFP Frames and Multiplexing 91 4.9 GFP Modes 91 4.9.1 The Frame-Mapped GFP (GFP-F) 91 4.9.2 GFP-F Encapsulation—Examples 92 4.9.3 The Transparent-Mapped GFP (GFP-T) 94 4.9.4 GFP-F Encapsulation—Examples 95 4.9.5 GFP-F and GFP-T Comparison 95 References 97 5 Next Generation SONET/SDH 99 5.1 Introduction 99 5.2 The Next Generation SONET/SDH 101 5.3 Contiguous Concatenation 103 5.4 Virtual Concatenation 104 5.5 LCAS 106 5.6 Concatenation Efficiency 107 5.7 Data over Next Generation SONET/SDH 109 References 112 6 Next Generation Optical Networks 115 6.1 Introduction 115 6.2 Next Generation Optical Rings 117 6.3 Shared Rings 119 6.4 Protection 119 6.5 Network Management 121 6.6 Bandwidth Management 124 6.7 Wavelength Management 125 6.8 Service Restoration 128 References 130 7 Other New Optical Networks 131 7.1 The Optical Transport Network 131 7.1.1 FEC in OTN 132 7.1.2 OPU-k 133 7.1.3 ODU-k 133 7.1.4 OTU-k 135 7.1.5 The Optical Channel 136 7.1.6 Optical Channel Carrier and Optical Channel Group 138 7.1.7 Nonassociated Overhead 139 7.1.8 Mapping in OTN 141 7.1.9 Mapping GFP Frames in OPU-k 141 7.2 Next Generation SONET/SDH and OTN 141 7.3 OTN Summary 142 References 143 8 NG-S over DWDM, OTN over DWDM, and Experimental Networks 145 8.1 Introduction 145 8.2 OTN over DWDM 147 8.3 Experimental Networks 148 8.3.1 Ethernet Passive Optical Networks 148 8.3.2 CDWM E-PON 150 8.3.2 The Wavelength-Bus 151 8.3.3 High-Performance Parallel Interface 154 8.3.4 Other Parallel Optical Buses 154 8.4 Conclusion 155 References 157 Appendix A 161 Appendix B 165 Appendix C 167 Acronynms 169 Index 189
£121.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Synchronization of Digital Telecommunications
Book SynopsisThis is one of the first books to provide comprehensive coverage on the synchronization of digital networks. It includes the latest advances on clock stability measurement techniques that have been adopted in telecommunications. Readers will also find several real measurement results that were obtained on widely deployed commercial equipment.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. Abbreviations. Symbols. Introduction. Asynchronous and Synchronous Digital Multiplexing. Timing Aspects in SDH Networks. Network Synchronization Architectures. Characterization and Modelling of Clocks. Physical Principles and Technology of Clocks. Time and Frequency Measurement Techniques in Telecommunications. Glossary of Terms. Index.
£138.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electrical Transients in Power Systems
Book SynopsisThe principles of the First Edition--to teach students and engineers the fundamentals of electrical transients and equip them with the skills to recognize and solve transient problems in power networks and components--also guide this Second Edition. While the text continues to stress the physical aspects of the phenomena involved in these problems, it also broadens and updates the computational treatment of transients. Necessarily, two new chapters address the subject of modeling and models for most types of equipment are discussed. The adequacy of the models, their validation and the relationship between model and the physical entity it represents are also examined. There are now chapters devoted entirely to isolation coordination and protection, reflecting the revolution that metal oxide surge arresters have caused in the power industry. Features additional and more complete illustrative material--figures, diagrams and worked examples. An entirely new chapter of case studies demonstrTable of ContentsPreface to the First Edition xiii Preface xv 1 Fundamental Notions about Electrical Transients 1 2 The Laplace Transform Method of Solving Differential Equations 11 3 Simple Switching Transients 37 4 Damping 62 5 Abnormal Switching Transients 92 6 Transients in Three-Phase Circuits 126 7 Transients in Direct Current Circuits, Conversion Equipment and Static Var Controls 150 8 Electromagnetic Phenomena of Importance Under Transient Conditions 188 9 Traveling Waves and Other Transients on Transmission Lines 233 10 Principles of Transient Modeling of Power Systems and Components 300 11 Modeling Power Apparatus and the Behavior of Such Equipment Under Transient Conditions 322 12 Computing Aids to the Calculation of Electrical Transients 385 13 System and Component Parameter Values for Use in Transient Calculations and Means to Obtain Them by Measurement 424 14 Lightning 463 15 Insulation Coordination 490 16 Protection of Systems and Equipment Against Transient Overvoltages 513 17 Case Studies in Electrical Transients 575 18 Equipment for Measuring Transients 611 19 Measuring Techniques and Surge Testing 654 Appendix 1 Table of Laplace Transform Pairs 727 Appendix 2 Natural Cosines 729 Appendix 3 Natural Sines 732 Appendix 4 Exponential and Hyperbolic Functions 735 Appendix 5 Statistical Information 737 Index 740
£211.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc An Introduction to Modern Electronics
Book SynopsisDesigned for physics researchers and students, this practical guide explains how to design, build and use circuits in a laboratory environment. It contains information on computer interfacing, circuit analysis, voltage controlled resonators and analog computers.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: CIRCUIT ANALYSIS. Basic Physical Concepts of Electronics. Mesh Equations. Advanced Circuit Analysis Theorems. Alternating Current: The Sine Wave. Elements of AC Circuit Analysis. Resonance. Transformers. Step Function Analysis. Circuit Analysis: An Overview. Dynamic Impedance. INSTRUMENTS. Digital Multimeters. The Oscilloscope. Measurement Errors. DIGITAL ELECTRONICS. Designing Logical Networks. Flip-Flops. Digital Logic Practical Details. Clocks, Timers, and One-Shots. Registers, Shift Registers, and Counters. More Complex Combinational Logic. Memory. A Conceptual Digital Computer. ANALOG CIRCUITS. Basic Operational Amplifier Circuits. Analog Computers. Operational Amplifier Parameters. Three Special-Purpose Amplifiers. Formal Amplifier Theory. Comparators and Schmitt Triggers. SYSTEMS. Digital-to-Analog Converters. Analog-to-Digital Converters. Voltage-Controlled Oscillators and Function Generators. Power Supplies. SOLID STATE ELECTRONICS. Solid State Diodes. A Catalog of Transistor Circuits. FETs. COMPONENTS. Resistors. Capacitors. Inductors and Transformers. Transducers. MATHEMATICS. Complex Numbers. Solving Linear Equations. Binary Numbers. Fourier Series. Appendices. Index.
£208.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Satellite Communications
Book SynopsisAn accessible introduction to the practical aspects of satellite communications. Provides historical background of satellite communications and discusses the wide range of applications throughout the world. Includes descriptions of all the commercial satellite communications systems currently available and their applications in government, broadcasting, and business. Also covers the growing use of satellite communications by developing countries. Contains extensive appendices listing satellite equipment and organizations.Table of ContentsSatellite Communications--The Need. International Organiations as Service Providers. International Satellite Systems Competitors. International Services. Business Applications. Broadcasting Applications. Mobile Applications. National Telecommunications via Satellite. National Satellite Networks. A View to the Future. Appendices. Glossary. Index.
£181.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc HighSpeed Semiconductor Devices
Book SynopsisIntroduces the physical principles and operational characteristics of high speed semiconductor devices. Intended for use by advanced students as well as professional engineers and scientists involved in semiconductor device research, it includes the most advanced and important topics in high speed semiconductor devices. Initial chapters cover material properties, advanced technologies and novel device building blocks, and serve as the basis for understanding and analyzing devices in subsequent chapters. The following chapters cover a group of closely related devices that includes MOSFETs, MESFETs, heterojunction FETs and permeable-base transistors, hot electron transistors, microwave diodes and photonic devices, among others. Each chapter is self-contained and features a summary section, a discussion of future device trend, and an instructional problem set.Table of ContentsMATERIALS, TECHNOLOGIES, AND DEVICE BUILDING BLOCKS. Materials and Technologies for High-Speed Devices (J. Bean). Device Building Blocks (S. Luryi). FIELD-EFFECT AND POTENTIAL-EFFECT DEVICES. The Submicron MOSFET (J. Brews). Homogeneous Field-Effect Transistors (M. Hollis & R. Murphy). Heterostructure Field-Effect Transistors (S. Pearton & N. Shah). Bipolar Transistors (P. Asbeck). Hot-Electron Transistors (S. Luryi). QUANTUM-EFFECT, MICROWAVE, AND PHOTONIC DEVICES. Quantum-Effect Devices (F. Capasso, et al.). Microwave Diodes (S. Sze). High-Speed Photonic Devices (W. Tsang). Appendices. Index.
£223.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Object Oriented Software Technologies in
Book SynopsisObject--oriented (OO) technology is an integral part of computer communications and multimedia service provisioning. Covering all areas related to OO programming in telecommunications applications, this book offers both theoretical and practical aspects of OO technology.Trade Review"...it is true that a book of this type may force the reader into an ocean of alphabet soup in acronyms...the first two sections are readable with little effort...target audience is engineers and managers...as well as researchers in the particular area..." (New Books and Multimedia, www.comsoc.org, November/December 2000)Table of ContentsPreface. Contributors. Acronyms and Abbreviations. PART I: The Need for Advanced Software Technologies in Telecommunication Networks. Chapter 1: Networks and Telecommunications Software Evolution (G. Mamais, A. Papadakis, M. Perdikeas, I. Venieris.) 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 A Unifying Perspective of Networking Technologies. 1.3 Telecommunication Networks Technologies. 1.4 Internet Software Technologies. References. Chapter 2: Future Trends in Telecommunications Software Technologies (F. Chatzipapadopoulos, M. Perdikeas, I. Venieris). 2.1 Software in Telecommunication Environments. 2.2 The Role of Services in Telecommunications. 2.3 The Role of Services in Computer Networks. 2.4 Relative Pros and Cons of the Telecommunication Networks Approach. 2.5 Historical Practices that Underpinned Differentiation. 2.6 An Academic Perspective. 2.7 Computer Networks Revised. 2.8 Telecommunications Revised. 2.9 Future Trends and Enabling Technologies. References. PART II: Enabling Software Technologies. Chapter 3: Object Oriented Design Methodologies (G. Mamais, M. Perdikeas, I. Venieris). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 General Principles of Object Orientation. 3.3 Object Oriented Methodologies. 3.4 Object Oriented Approaches in Telecommunications Software. 3.5 Network Management and Service Engineering. References. Chapter 4: Distributed Object Technology (S. Choy, G. De Zen, O. Pyrovolakis). 4.1 General Principles. 4.2 Distributed Object Architectures. 4.3 Distributed Object Technology in Telecommunications. References. Chapter 5: Machine Independent Code (F. Chatzipapadopoulos, M. Perdikeas, I. Venieris). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Java. 5.3 Scripting Languages. 5.4 The Standard for Coding Multimedia Presentations - MHEG. References. Chapter 6: Agents (T. Magedanz, M. Perdikeas, I. Venieris). 6.1 General Principles of Software Agents. 6.2 Agent Standards. 6.3 Mobile Agent Platforms. 6.4 Mobile Agents in Telecommunications. References. PART III: Case Study: Distributed Intelligent Broadband Network. Chapter 7: Evolution towards a Distributed Intelligent Broadband Network (T. Magedanz, I. Venieris, F. Zizza). 7.1 Basic Intelligent Network Principles. 7.2 Intelligent Broadband Network. 7.3 Distributed Intelligent Broadband Network. 7.4 Need for Interworking with Conventional IN/B-IN. 7.5 Overview of Part III. References. Chapter 8: Architecture of the Distributed Intelligent Broadband Network (M. Breugst, L. Faglia, O. Pyrovolakis). 8.1 Introducing Advanced Software Technologies in the Distributed Intelligent Broadband Network. 8.2 The Distributed Intelligent Broadband Network Reference Architecture. 8.3 Extending IN Design Methodology for the DIBN. 8.4 The Physical Elements. References. Chapter 9: Deployment of DOT/MAT Technology into the Distributed Intelligent Broadband Network (F. Chatzipapadopoulos, S. Choy, I. Venieris, F. Zizza). 9.1 What CORBA Offers to the DIBN Architecture. 9.2 The Communication Backbone. 9.3 Exploiting MAT Migration Facilities in the DIBN. 9.4 Service Creation Methodology and Framework. 9.5 Service Management Mechanisms and Procedures. 9.6 Designing and Implementing IN Network Elements within the DOT/MAT Environment. References. Chapter 10: Service Specification in the Distributed Intelligent Network (M. Breugst, G. Marino, M. Perdikeas). 10.1 Service Description Methodology: UML. 10.2 IMR Service. 10.3 BVT Service with Mobility Management Support. References. Index.
£144.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc Built in Test for VLSI
Book SynopsisThis handbook provides ready access to all of the major concepts, techniques, problems, and solutions in the emerging field of pseudorandom pattern testing. Until now, the literature in this area has been widely scattered, and published work, written by professionals in several disciplines, has treated notation and mathematics in ways that vary from source to source. This book opens with a clear description of the shortcomings of conventional testing as applied to complex digital circuits, revewing by comparison the principles of design for testability of more advanced digital technology. Offers in-depth discussions of test sequence generation and response data compression, including pseudorandom sequence generators; the mathematics of shift-register sequences and their potential for built-in testing. Also details random and memory testing and the problems of assessing the efficiency of such tests, and the limitations and practical concerns of built-in testing.Table of ContentsDigital Testing and the Need for Testable Design. Principles of Testable Design. Pseudorandom Sequence Generators. Test Response Compression Techniques. Shift-Register Polynomial Division. Special-Purpose Shift-Register Circuits. Random Pattern Built-In Test. Built-In Test Structures. Limitations and Other Concerns of Random Pattern Testing. Test System Requirements for Built-In Test. Appendix. References. Index.
£196.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Understanding Data Communications
Book SynopsisAimed at the senior level undergraduate and graduate computer science student, this book provides an introduction to the field of data communications. Assuming no prior knowledge of the field, it explains of the role of communications, and the fundamental concepts of using the ISO's 7-layer approach to present the various aspects of networking.Trade Review"...designed to provide a solid foundation on how data communications systems operate, why, where, and when certain types of equipment should be networked together, and the role of evolving communications technology." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 25, No. 4, December 2001)Table of ContentsPreface xix Acknowledgements xxi 1 Communications in a Modern Society 1 1.1 Applications 1 1.1.1 Data collection 2 1.1.2 Transaction processing 3 1.1.3 Conversational time sharing 5 1.1.4 Remote job entry 7 1.1.5 Message switching 7 1.1.6 Value-added carriers and electronic mail 8 1.1.7 office automation 12 1.1.8 Electronic commerce 14 1.1.9 Satellite transmission 16 1.2 Constraints 16 1.2.1 Throughput 17 1.2.2 Response time 18 1.2.3 Bandwidth 18 1.2.4 Economics 19 1.3 Emerging Trends 19 1.4 Review Questions 20 2 Basic Telegraph and Telephone Operations 23 2.1 Evolution of Communications 23 2.2 Telegraphy 24 2.2.1 Operation 24 2.2.2 Morse code 26 2.2.3 Morse code limitations 27 2.2.4 Start-stop signaling and the Baudot code 28 2.2.5 Bits and codes 29 2.3 Telephony 32 2.3.1 Principle of operation 32 2.3.2 Sound wave conversion 34 2.3.3 The basic telephone connection 36 2.3.4 Switchboards and central offices 37 2.3.5 Numbering plans 39 2.3.6 Geographic calling areas and network routing 40 2.3.7The world numbering plan 43 2.4 Review Questions 43 3 Basic Circuit Parameters, Measurement Units and Media Overview 47 3.1 Basic Circuit Parameters 47 3.1.1 Frequency and bandwidth 47 3.1.2 The telephone channel passband 49 3.2 Measurement Units 50 3.2.1 Power ratios 50 3.2.2 Signal-to-noise ratio 52 3.2.3 Reference points 54 3.3 Media Overview 56 3.3.1 Twisted-pair cable 56 3.3.2 Coaxial cable 61 3.3.3 Microwave 63 3.3.4 Fiber-optic transmission 64 3.4 Channel Capacity 67 3.4.1 Bit versus baud 67 3.4.2 Nyquist relationship 67 3.4.3 Shannon's law 68 3.5 Structured Wiring 69 3.5.1 The wiring closet 69 3.5.2 The EIA/TIA-568 standard 69 3.6 Review Questions 72 4 Fundamental Data Transmission Concepts 75 4.1 Analog Line Connections 75 4.1.1 The analog switched line 76 4.1.2 Analog leased line 79 4.1.3 Dedicated line 82 4.1.4 Switched network vs leased line economics 83 4.2 Types of Service and Transmission Devices 84 4.2.1 Digital repeaters 85 4.2.2 Modems 86 4.2.3 Acoustic couplers 87 4.2.4 Analog facilities 89 4.2.5 Digital facilities 93 4.2.6 Digital signaling 93 4.2.7Representative AT&T digital offerings 96 4.3 Transmission Mode 98 4.3.1 Simplex transmission 98 4.3.2 Half-duplex transmission 99 4.3.3 Full-duplex transmission 100 4.3.4 Terminal and mainframe computer operating modes 101 4.4 Transmission Techniques 103 4.4.1 Asynchronous transmission 103 4.4.2 Synchronous transmission 105 4.5 Types of Transmission 106 4.6 Wide Area Network Transmission Structures 107 4.6.1 Mainframe computer-based network structure 108 4.6.2 LAN network structure 109 4.6.3 LAN internetworking structure 110 4.7Line Discipline 111 4.8 Transmission Rate 113 4.8.1 Analog service 113 4.8.2 Digital service 114 4.9 Transmission Codes 115 4.9.1 Morse code 115 4.9.2 Baudot code 116 4.9.3 BCD code 116 4.9.4 Extended binary-coded decimal interchange code (EBCDIC) 116 4.9.5 ASCII code 118 4.10 Review Questions 122 5 Terminals, Workstations and WAN and LAN Networking Overview 125 5.1 Terminals 126 5.1.1 Interactive terminal classi®cation 126 5.1.2 Terminal evolution 127 5.2 Workstations and Other LAN Components 141 5.2.1 Network interface card 141 5.2.2 Hubs 142 5.2.3 File server 143 5.2.4 Print server 145 5.2.5 Other types of servers 146 5.3 Wide Area Networking Overview 146 5.3.1 Multiplexing and data concentration 146 5.3.2 Front-end processor 151 5.3.3 Network configurations 151 5.4 Local Area Networking Overview 152 5.4.1 Repeaters 153 5.4.2 Bridges 153 5.4.3 Routers 154 5.4.4 Gateways 155 5.5 Review Questions 157 6 Representative Standards Organizations: the OSI Reference Model 159 6.1 National Standards Organizations 160 6.1.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 160 6.1.2 Electronic Industries Association (EIA) 161 6.1.3 Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 163 6.1.4 Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 163 6.1.5 British Standards Institution (BSI) 164 6.1.6 Canadian Standards Association (CSA) 164 6.2 International Standards Organizations 164 6.2.1 International Telecommunications Union (ITU) 164 6.2.2 International Standards Organization (ISO) 165 6.3 De facto Standards 167 6.3.1 AT&T compatibility 168 6.3.2 Cross-licensed technology 169 6.3.3 Bellcore/Telcordia Technology 169 6.3.4 Internet standards 170 6.4 The OSI Reference Model 171 6.4.1 Layered architecture 172 6.4.2 OSI layers 173 6.4.3 Data flow 176 6.5 IEEE 802 Standards 177 6.5.1 802 committees 177 6.5.2 Data link subdivision 179 6.6 Review Questions 180 7 The Physical Layer, Cables, Connectors, Plugs and Jacks 183 7.1 DTE/DCE Interfaces 184 7.1.1 Connector overview 186 7.1.2 RS-232-C/D 188 7.1.3 Differential signaling 198 7.1.4 RS- 449 200 7.1.5 V. 35 202 7.1.6 RS-366-A 203 7.1.7 X.21 and X. 20 204 7.1.8 X.21 bis 207 7.1.9 RS- 530 207 7.1.10 High Speed Serial Interface 298 7.1.11 High Performance Parallel Interface 214 7.1.12 Universal Serial Bus 216 7.1.13 IEEE 1394 (FireWire) 218 7.2 Cables and Connectors 222 7.2.1 Twisted-pair cable 222 7.2.2 Low-capacitance shielded cable 223 7.2.3 Ribbon cable 223 7.2.4 The RS-232 null modem 223 7.2.5 RS-232 cabling tricks 225 7.3 Plugs and Jacks 226 7.3.1 Connecting arrangements 228 7.3.2 Telephone options 230 7.3.3 Ordering the business line 231 7.3.4 LAN connectivity 232 7.4 Review Questions 233 8 Basic Transmission Devices: Line Drivers, Modems, and Service Units 235 8.1 Line Drivers 236 8.1.1 Direct connection 236 8.1.2 Using line drivers 239 8.2 Modem Operations 243 8.2.1 The modulation process 243 8.2.2 Bps vs. baud 246 8.2.3 Voice circuit parameters 246 8.2.4 Combined modulation techniques 247 8.2.5 Mode of transmission 253 8.2.6 Transmission techniques 254 8.2.7 Modem classiffication 255 8.2.8 Limited-distance modems 256 8.2.9 Line-type operations 257 8.2.10 Reverse and secondary channels 257 8.2.11 Equalization 258 8.2.12 Synchronization 260 8.2.13 Multiport capability 260 8.2.14 Security capability 261 8.2.15 Multiple speed selection capability 261 8.2.16 Voice/data capability 262 8.2.17Modem handshaking 262 8.2.18 Self-testing features 263 8.2.19 Modem indicators 265 8.2.20 Modern operations and compatibility 265 8.3 Intelligent Modems 289 8.3.1 Hayes command set modems 289 8.3.2 Key intelligent modem features 296 8.3.3 Microcom Networking Protocol (MNP) 302 8.3.4 Data compression 306 8.3.5 MNP Class 5 compression 306 8.3.6 MNP Class 7enhanced data compression 308 8.3.7V.42bis 311 8.4 Broadband Modems 312 8.4.1 Telephone and cable TV infrastructure 313 8.4.2 Cable modems 317 8.4.3 DSL modems 324 8.5 Service Units 330 8.5.1 The DSU 331 8.5.2 The CSU 331 8.6 Review Questions 332 9 Regulators and Carriers 335 9.1 Regulators 336 9.1.1 US regulatory evolution 336 9.1.2 International regulatory authorities 342 9.2 Carrier Offerings 343 9.2.1 AT&T system evolution 343 9.2.2 The Bell system 345 9.2.3 The regional Bell operating companies 346 9.2.4 AT&T service offerings 349 9.2.5 Regional Bell operating company offerings 355 9.3 ATM Overview 356 9.4 Review Questions 357 10 Transmission Errors: Causes, Measurements and Correction Methods 359 10.1 Causes of Transmission Errors 359 10.2 Performance Measurements 360 10.2.1 Bit error rate 360 10.2.2 Bit error rate tester 360 10.2.3 BERT time 362 10.2.4 Performance classiffications 362 10.2.5 Block error rate testing 364 10.2.6 Error-free second testing 365 10.3 Error Detection and Correction Techniques 365 10.3.1 Asynchronous transmission 365 10.3.2 Synchronous transmission 370 10.4 Review Questions 374 11 The WAN Data Link Layer 377 11.1 Terminal and Data Link Protocols: Characteristics and Functions 378 11.1.1 Transmission sequence 379 11.1.2 Error control 379 11.2 Types of Protocol 380 11.2.1 Teletypewriter protocols 380 11.2.2 PC file transfer protocols 385 11.2.3 Bisynchronous protocols 395 11.2.4. Digital Data Communications Message Protocol (DDCMP) 400 11.2.5 Bit-oriented line control procedures 402 11.3 Review Questions 407 12 Increasing WAN Line Utilization 409 12.1 Multiplexers 410 12.1.1 Evolution 410 12.1.2 Device support 410 12.1.3 Multiplexing techniques 411 12.2 Control Units 439 12.2.1 Control unit concept 440 12.2.2 Attachment methods 440 12.2.3 Unit operation 442 12.2.4 Breaking the closed system 443 12.3 Review Questions 445 13 Local Area Networks 449 13.1 Origin 449 13.2 Comparison with WANs 450 13.2.1 Geographical area 450 13.2.2 Data transmission and error rates 450 13.2.3 Ownership 451 13.2.4 Regulation 451 13.2.5 Data routing and topology 451 13.2.6 Type of information carried 452 13.3 Utilization Benefits 452 13.3.1 Peripheral sharing 453 13.3.2 Common software access 453 13.3.3 Electronic mail 453 13.3.4 Gateway access to mainframes 453 13.3.5 Internet access 453 13.3.6 Virtual private network operations 454 13.4 Technological Characteristics 454 13.4.1 Topology 454 13.4.2 Comparison of topologies 456 13.4.3 Signaling methods 457 13.4.4 Transmission medium 460 13.4.5 Access methods 460 13.5 Ethernet Networks 465 13.5.1 Original network components 465 13.5.2 IEEE 802.3 networks 468 13.5.3 Frame composition 490 13.5.4 Media access control overview 495 13.5.5 Logical link control overview 495 13.5.6 Other Ethernet frame types 498 13.6 Token-Ring 504 13.6.1 Topology 504 13.6.2 Redundant versus non-redundant main ring paths 506 13.6.3 Cabling and device restrictions 507 13.6.4 Constraints 510 13.6.5 High speed Token-Ring 514 13.6.6 Transmission formats 515 13.6.7Medium access control 524 13.6.8 Logical link control 527 13.7Review Questions 528 14 Basic LAN Internetworking 531 14.1 Bridge Operations 531 14.1.1 Types of bridge 531 14.1.2 Network utilization 544 14.2 The Switching Hub 546 14.2.1 Basic components 546 14.2.2 Delay times 547 14.2.3 Key advantages of use 549 14.2.4 Switching techniques 549 14.2.5 Port address support 553 14.2.6 Switching architecture 556 14.2.7High-speed port operations 557 14.2.8 Summary 558 14.3 Router Operations 558 14.3.1 Basic operation and use of routing tables 559 14.3.2 Networking capability 560 14.3.3 Communication, transport and routing protocols 561 14.3.4 Router classiffications 563 14.3.5 Routing protocols 566 14.4 Review Questions 575 15 Digital Transmission Systems and Equipment 577 15.1 The T and E Carriers 578 15.1.1 Channel banks 578 15.2 T1 Multiplexers 596 15.2.1 Waveform-based voice digitization modules 597 15.2.2 Vocoding 598 15.2.3 Hybrid coding 601 15.2.4 T1 multiplexer employment 602 15.3 The T3 Carrier 605 15.3.1 T3 circuit types 606 15.3.2 Evolution 606 15.3.3 T3 framing 609 15.4 DDS, ASDS and KiloStream facilities 615 15.4.1 Applications 616 15.4.2 ASDS 616 15.4.3 KiloStream service 617 15.5 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) 619 15.5.1 Concept behind ISDN 619 15.5.2 ISDN architecture 620 15.5.3 Network characteristics 621 15.5.4 ISDN layers 625 15.6 Review Questions 628 16 Network Architecture 631 16.1 SNA Overview 632 16.1.1 SNA elements 634 16.1.2 System Service Control Point (SSCP) 634 16.1.3 Network nodes 634 16.1.4 The physical unit 635 16.1.5 The logical unit 635 16.1.6 SNA network structure 635 16.1.7Types of physical unit 637 16.1.8 Multiple domains 637 16.1.9 SNA layers 639 16.1.10 SNA developments 641 16.1.11 SNA sessions 641 16.2 Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) 644 16.2.1 APPC concepts 644 16.2.2 APPN architecture 645 16.2.3 Operation 646 16.3 TCP/IP 649 16.3.1 The rise of the Internet 650 16.3.2 The TCP/IP protocol suite 651 16.3.3 Applications 653 16.3.4 TCP/IP communications 663 16.3.5 The Internet Protocol (IP) 664 16.3.6 Domain Name Service 679 16.4 Internetworking 681 16.4.1 SNA gateway operations 682 16.4.2 Supporting multiple protocols 690 16.4.3 Data Link Switching 693 16.5 Review Questions 694 17 Packet Networks 697 17.1 Packet Switching Overview 698 17.2 X.25 Networks 700 17.2.1 Development period 700 17.2.2 Need for PADs 700 17.2.3 X.25 layers 705 17.2.4 Methods of connection 708 17.2.5 Utilization costs 709 17.2.6 Tymnet 711 17.2.7 Network information 713 17.2.8 Features 713 17.2.9 Protocol conversion 715 17.2.10 LAN interconnectivity 716 17.3 Frame Relay 717 17.3.1 Comparison to X. 25 717 17.3.2 Standards 719 17.3.3 Network access 720 17.3.4 Frame construction 721 17.3.5 Service parameters 729 17.3.6 FRAD features 734 17.3.7 Voice over Frame Relay 740 17.4 Review Questions 745 18 Communications Software 749 18.1 Terminal Emulation Software Features 749 18.1.1 Hardware utilization 752 18.1.2 Software utilization 753 18.1.3 Operational consideration 754 18.1.4 Documentation 757 18.1.5 Dialing 757 18.1.6 Transmission 762 18.1.7Performance efficiency 766 18.1.8 Performance flexibility 770 18.1.9 Security performance 772 18.2 Terminal Emulation Program Examination 774 18.2.1 Procomm Plus for Windows 775 18.2.2 HyperTerminal 777 18.2.3 IBM PC/ 3270 780 18.3 Web Browsers 783 18.3.1 Microsoft Internet Explorer 784 18.3.2 LAN operation 788 18.4 Review Questions 789 19 Fiber-Optic, Satellite and Wireless Terrestrial Communications 791 19.1 Fiber-Optic Transmission Systems 792 19.1.1 System components 792 19.1.2 Transmission advantages 799 19.1.3 Limitations of use 801 19.1.4 Utilization economics 802 19.1.5 Carrier utilization 805 19.1.6 SONET 806 19.2 Satellite Communications Systems 810 19.2.1 Operation overview 810 19.2.2 Satellite access 810 19.2.3 Very small aperture terminal (VSAT) 812 19.2.4 Low earth orbit satellites 812 19.3 Wireless Terrestrial Communications 814 19.3.1 Cellular communications 814 19.3.2 Wireless LANs 820 19.4 Review Questions 821 20 Evolving Technologies 823 20.1 ATM 823 20.1.1 Cell size 823 20.1.2 Scalability 824 20.1.3 Transparency 825 20.1.4 Traffic classiffication 825 20.2 The ATM Protocol Stack 825 20.2.1 ATM Adaptation Layer 825 20.2.2 The ATM Layer 826 20.2.3 Physical Layer 827 20.3 ATM Operation 827 20.3.1 Components 827 20.3.2 Network Interfaces 829 20.3.3 The ATM cell header 830 20.3.4 ATM connections and cell switching 833 20.4 Virtual Private Networking 835 20.4.1 Rationale for use 836 20.4.2 Reliability 837 20.4.3 Problem areas 837 20.5 Review Questions 838 Index 841
£138.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc LeastCost Electric Utility Planning
Book SynopsisPresents all the key elements and tools necessary to plan and operate efficient electric utility power systems. Seven sections address economics, finance, and regulation; industrial power economics; load demand and management; reliability of the generation system; cost of production in the generation system; capacity planning; and transmission planning. Each section addresses power system theory and principles and applies them to realistic utility examples. Results from solved examples are expanded to illustrate the sensitivity and direction of key parameters.Table of ContentsThe Utility Perspective. Introduction to Utility Financial Accounting. Time Value of Money. Economic Evaluation. Financial and Regulatory Analysis. Industrial Power Generation Economics. Electricity Load-Demand Forecasting. Load Forecasting II. Power Plant Reliability Characteristics. Generation System Reliability. Generation System Reliability II. Production Simulation. Production Simulation II. Generation Planning. Capacity Resource Planning. Bulk Power Transmission Planning. Power System Stability. Preparing for the Next Century. Index.
£228.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Digital Communication Systems
Book SynopsisOffers the most complete, up-to-date coverage available on the principles of digital communications. Focuses on basic issues, relating theory to practice wherever possible. Numerous examples, worked out in detail, have been included to help the reader develop an intuitive grasp of the theory.Table of Contents1 Introduction 1 1.1 Historical Background 1 1.2 The Communication Process 2 1.3 Multiple-Access Techniques 4 1.4 Networks 6 1.5 Digital Communications 9 1.6 Organization of the Book 11 2 Fourier Analysis of Signals and Systems 13 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 The Fourier Series 13 2.3 The Fourier Transform 16 2.4 The Inverse Relationship between Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain Representations 25 2.5 The Dirac Delta Function 28 2.6 Fourier Transforms of Periodic Signals 34 2.7 Transmission of Signals through Linear Time-Invariant Systems 37 2.8 Hilbert Transform 42 2.9 Pre-envelopes 45 2.10 Complex Envelopes of Band-Pass Signals 47 2.11 Canonical Representation of Band-Pass Signals 49 2.12 Complex Low-Pass Representations of Band-Pass Systems 52 2.13 Putting the Complex Representations of Band-Pass Signals and Systems All Together 54 2.14 Linear Modulation Theory 58 2.15 Phase and Group Delays 66 2.16 Numerical Computation of the Fourier Transform 69 2.17 Summary and Discussion 78 3 Probability Theory and Bayesian Inference 87 3.1 Introduction 87 3.2 Set Theory 88 3.3 Probability Theory 90 3.4 Random Variables 97 3.5 Distribution Functions 98 3.6 The Concept of Expectation 105 3.7 Second-Order Statistical Averages 108 3.8 Characteristic Function 111 3.9 The Gaussian Distribution 113 3.10 The Central Limit Theorem 118 3.11 Bayesian Inference 119 3.12 Parameter Estimation 122 3.13 Hypothesis Testing 126 3.14 Composite Hypothesis Testing 132 3.15 Summary and Discussion 133 4 Stochastic Processes 145 4.1 Introduction 145 4.2 Mathematical Definition of a Stochastic Process 145 4.3 Two Classes of Stochastic Processes: Strictly Stationary and Weakly Stationary 147 4.4 Mean, Correlation, and Covariance Functions of Weakly Stationary Processes 149 4.5 Ergodic Processes 157 4.6 Transmission of a Weakly Stationary Process through a Linear Time-invariant Filter 158 4.7 Power Spectral Density of a Weakly Stationary Process 160 4.8 Another Definition of the Power Spectral Density 170 4.9 Cross-spectral Densities 172 4.10 The Poisson Process 174 4.11 The Gaussian Process 176 4.12 Noise 179 4.13 Narrowband Noise 183 4.14 Sine Wave Plus Narrowband Noise 193 4.15 Summary and Discussion 195 5 Information Theory 207 5.1 Introduction 207 5.2 Entropy 207 5.3 Source-coding Theorem 214 5.4 Lossless Data Compression Algorithms 215 5.5 Discrete Memoryless Channels 223 5.6 Mutual Information 226 5.7 Channel Capacity 230 5.8 Channel-coding Theorem 232 5.9 Differential Entropy and Mutual Information for Continuous Random Ensembles 237 5.10 Information Capacity Law 240 5.11 Implications of the Information Capacity Law 244 5.12 Information Capacity of Colored Noisy Channel 248 5.13 Rate Distortion Theory 253 5.14 Summary and Discussion 256 6 Conversion of Analog Waveforms into Coded Pulses 267 6.1 Introduction 267 6.2 Sampling Theory 268 6.3 Pulse-Amplitude Modulation 274 6.4 Quantization and its Statistical Characterization 278 6.5 Pulse-Code Modulation 285 6.6 Noise Considerations in PCM Systems 290 6.7 Prediction-Error Filtering for Redundancy Reduction 294 6.8 Differential Pulse-Code Modulation 301 6.9 Delta Modulation 305 6.10 Line Codes 309 6.11 Summary and Discussion 312 7 Signaling over AWGN Channels 323 7.1 Introduction 323 7.2 Geometric Representation of Signals 324 7.3 Conversion of the Continuous AWGN Channel into a Vector Channel 332 7.4 Optimum Receivers Using Coherent Detection 337 7.5 Probability of Error 344 7.6 Phase-Shift Keying Techniques Using Coherent Detection 352 7.7 M-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 370 7.8 Frequency-Shift Keying Techniques Using Coherent Detection 375 7.9 Comparison of M-ary PSK and M-ary FSK from an Information-Theoretic Viewpoint 398 7.10 Detection of Signals with Unknown Phase 400 7.11 Noncoherent Orthogonal Modulation Techniques 404 7.12 Binary Frequency-Shift Keying Using Noncoherent Detection 410 7.13 Differential Phase-Shift Keying 411 7.14 BER Comparison of Signaling Schemes over AWGN Channels 415 7.15 Synchronization 418 7.16 Recursive Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Synchronization 419 7.17 Summary and Discussion 431 8 Signaling over Band-Limited Channels 445 8.1 Introduction 445 8.2 Error Rate Due to Channel Noise in a Matched-Filter Receiver 446 8.3 Intersymbol Interference 447 8.4 Signal Design for Zero ISI 450 8.5 Ideal Nyquist Pulse for Distortionless Baseband Data Transmission 450 8.6 Raised-Cosine Spectrum 454 8.7 Square-Root Raised-Cosine Spectrum 458 8.8 Post-Processing Techniques: The Eye Pattern 463 8.9 Adaptive Equalization 469 8.10 Broadband Backbone Data Network: Signaling over Multiple Baseband Channels 474 8.11 Digital Subscriber Lines 475 8.12 Capacity of AWGN Channel Revisited 477 8.13 Partitioning Continuous-Time Channel into a Set of Subchannels 478 8.14 Water-Filling Interpretation of the Constrained Optimization Problem 484 8.15 DMT System Using Discrete Fourier Transform 487 8.16 Summary and Discussion 494 9 Signaling over Fading Channels 501 9.1 Introduction 501 9.2 Propagation Effects 502 9.3 Jakes Model 506 9.4 Statistical Characterization of Wideband Wireless Channels 511 9.5 FIR Modeling of Doubly Spread Channels 520 9.6 Comparison of Modulation Schemes: Effects of Flat Fading 525 9.7 Diversity Techniques 527 9.8 “Space Diversity-on-Receive” Systems 528 9.9 “Space Diversity-on-Transmit” Systems 538 9.10 “Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output” Systems: Basic Considerations 546 9.11 MIMO Capacity for Channel Known at the Receiver 551 9.12 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 556 9.13 Spread Spectrum Signals 557 9.14 Code-Division Multiple Access 560 9.15 The RAKE Receiver and Multipath Diversity 564 9.16 Summary and Discussion 566 10 Error-Control Coding 577 10.1 Introduction 577 10.2 Error Control Using Forward Error Correction 578 10.3 Discrete Memoryless Channels 579 10.4 Linear Block Codes 582 10.5 Cyclic Codes 593 10.6 Convolutional Codes 605 10.7 Optimum Decoding of Convolutional Codes 613 10.8 Maximum Likelihood Decoding of Convolutional Codes 614 10.9 Maximum a Posteriori Probability Decoding of Convolutional Codes 623 10.10 Illustrative Procedure for Map Decoding in the Log-Domain 638 10.11 New Generation of Probabilistic Compound Codes 644 10.12 Turbo Codes 645 10.13 EXIT Charts 657 10.14 Low-Density Parity-Check Codes 666 10.15 Trellis-Coded Modulation 675 10.16 Turbo Decoding of Serial Concatenated Codes 681 10.17 Summary and Discussion 688 Appendices A Advanced Probabilistic Models A1 A.1 The Chi-Square Distribution A1 A.2 The Log-Normal Distribution A3 A.3 The Nakagami Distribution A6 B Bounds on the Q-Function A11 C Bessel Functions A13 C.1 Series Solution of Bessel’s Equation A13 C.2 Properties of the Bessel Function A14 C.3 Modified Bessel Function A16 D Method of Lagrange Multipliers A19 D.1 Optimization Involving a Single Equality Constraint A19 E Information Capacity of MIMO Channels A21 E.1 Log-Det Capacity Formula of MIMO Channels A21 E.2 MIMO Capacity for Channel Known at the Transmitter A24 F Interleaving A29 F.1 Block Interleaving A30 F.2 Convolutional Interleaving A32 F.3 Random Interleaving A33 G The Peak-Power Reduction Problem in OFDM A35 G.1 PAPR Properties of OFDM Signals A35 G.2 Maximum PAPR in OFDM Using M-ary PSK A36 G.3 Clipping-Filtering: A Technique for PAPR Reduction A37 H Nonlinear Solid-State Power Amplifiers A39 H.1 Power Amplifier Nonlinearities A39 H.2 Nonlinear Modeling of Band-Pass Power Amplifiers A42 I Monte Carlo Integration A45 J Maximal-Length Sequences A47 J.1 Properties of Maximal-Length Sequences A47 J.2 Choosing a Maximal-Length Sequence A50 K Mathematical Tables A55 Glossary G1 Bibliography B1 Index I1 Credits C1
£234.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Differential Forms in Electromagnetics
Book SynopsisAn introduction to multivectors, dyadics, and differential forms for electrical engineers While physicists have long applied differential forms to various areas of theoretical analysis, dyadic algebra is also the most natural language for expressing electromagnetic phenomena mathematically.Trade Review“…a modern, clear and well-organised account…in an easily mastered notation…” (Ultramicroscopy, Vol 104, 2005)Table of ContentsPreface. 1 Multivectors. 1.1 The Grassmann algebra. 1.2 Vectors and dual vectors. 1.3 Bivectors. 1.4 Multivectors. 1.5 Geometric interpretation. 2 Dyadic Algebra. 2.1 Products of dyadics. 2.2 Dyadic identities. 2.3 Eigenproblems. 2.4 Inverse dyadic. 2.5 Metric dyadics. 2.6 Hodge dyadics. 3 Differential Forms. 3.1 Differentiation. 3.2 Differentiation theorems. 3.3 Integration. 3.4 Affine transformations. 4 Electromagnetic Fields and Sources. 4.1 Basic electromagnetic quantities. 4.2 Maxwell equations in three dimensions. 4.3 Maxwell equations in four dimensions. 4.4 Transformations. 4.5 Super forms. 5 Medium, Boundary, and Power Conditions. 5.1 Medium conditions. 5.2 Conditions on boundaries and interfaces. 5.3 Power conditions. 5.4 The Lorentz force law. 5.5 Stress dyadic. 6 Theorems and Transformations. 6.1 Duality transformation. 6.2 Reciprocity. 6.3 Equivalence of sources. 7 Electromagnetic Waves. 7.1 Wave equation for potentials. 7.2 Wave equation for fields. 7.3 Plane waves. 7.4 TE and TM polarized waves. 7.5 Green functions. References. Appendix A: Multivector and Dyadic Identities. Appendix B: Solutions to Selected Problems. Index. About the Author.
£135.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc HighPerformance Computing
Book SynopsisThe state of the art of high-performance computing Prominent researchers from around the world have gathered to present the state-of-the-art techniques and innovations in high-performance computing (HPC), including: * Programming models for parallel computing: graph-oriented programming (GOP), OpenMP, the stages and transformation (SAT) approach, the bulk-synchronous parallel (BSP) model, Message Passing Interface (MPI), and Cilk * Architectural and system support, featuring the code tiling compiler technique, the MigThread application-level migration and checkpointing package, the new prefetching scheme of atomicity, a new receiver makes right data conversion method, and lessons learned from applying reconfigurable computing to HPC * Scheduling and resource management issues with heterogeneous systems, bus saturation effects on SMPs, genetic algorithms for distributed computing, and novel task-scheduling algorithms * Clusters and grid computing: deTrade Review"In this book, the reader will obtain a bird's-eye view on the diversity of problems and approaches in the field of HPC." (Computing Reviews.com, August 24, 2006)Table of ContentsPreface. Contributors. PART 1. PROGRAMMING MODEL. 1. ClusterGOP: A High-Level Programming Environment for Clusters (Fan Chan, Jiannong Cao and Minyi Guo). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 GOP Model and ClusterGOP Architecture. 1.3 VisualGOP. 1.4 The ClusterGOP Library. 1.5 MPMD Programming Support. 1.6 Programming Using ClusterGOP. 1.7 Summary. 2. The Challenge of Providing A High-Level Programming Model for High-Performance Computing (Barbara Chapman). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 HPC Architectures. 2.3 HPC Programming Models: The First Generation. 2.4 The Second generation of HPC Programming Models. 2.5 OpenMP for DMPs. 2.6 Experiments with OpenMP on DMPs. 2.7 Conclusions. 3. SAT: Toward Structured Parallelism Using Skeletons (Sergei Gorlatch). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 SAT: A Methodology Outline. 3.3 Skeletons and Collective Operations. 3.4 Case Study: Maximum Segment SUM (MSS). 3.5 Performance Aspect in SAT. 3.6 Conclusions and Related Work. 4. Bulk-Synchronous Parallelism: An Emerging Paradigm of High-Performance Computing (Alexander Tiskin). 4.1 The BSP Model. 4.2 BSP Programming. 4.3 Conclusions. 5. Cilk Versus MPI: Comparing Two Parallel Programming Styles on Heterogenous Systems (John Morris, KyuHo Lee and JunSeong Kim). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Experiments. 5.3 Results. 5.4 Conclusion. 6. Nested Parallelism and Pipelining in OpenMP (Marc Gonzalez, E. Ayguade, X. Martorell and J. Labarta). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 OpenMP Extensions for Nested Parallelism. 6.3 OpenMP Extensions for Thread Synchronization. 6.4 Summary. 7. OpenMP for Chip Multiprocessors (Feng Liu and Vipin Chaudhary). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 3SoC Architecture Overview. 7.3 The OpenMP Conpiler/Translator. 7.4 Extensions to OpenMP for DSEs. 7.5 Optimization for OpenMP. 7.6 Implementation. 7.7 Performance Evaluation. 7.8 Conclusions. PART 2. ARCHITECTURAL AND SYSTEM SUPPORT. 8. Compiler and Run-Time Parallelization Techniques for Scientific Computations on Distributed-Memory Parallel Computers (PeiZong Lee, Cheien-Min Wang and Jan-Jan Wu). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Background Material. 8.3 Compiling Regular Programs on DMPCs. 8.4 Compiler and Run-Time Support for Irregular Programs. 8.5 Library Support for Irregular Applications. 8.6 Related Works. 8.7 Concluding Remarks. 9. Enabling Partial-Cache Line Prefetching Through Data Compression (Youtao Zhang and Rajiv Gupta). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Motivation of Partial Cache-Line Perfetching. 9.3 Cache Design Details. 9.4 Experimental Results. 9.5 Related Work. 9.6 Conclusion. 10. MPI Atomicity and Concurrent Overlapping I/O (Wei-Keng Liao, Alok Choudhary, Kenin Coloma, Lee Ward, Eric Russell and Neil Pundit). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Concurrent Overlapping I/O. 10.3 Implementation Strategies. 10.4 Experiment Results. 10.5 Summary. 11. Code Tiling: One Size Fits All (Jingling Xue and Qingguang Huang). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Cache Model. 11.3 Code Tiling. 11.4 Data Tiling. 11.5 Finding Optimal Tile Sizes. 11.6 Experimental Results. 11.7 Related Work. 11.8 Conclusion. 12. Data Conversion for Heterogeneous Migration/Checkpointing (Hai Jiang, Vipin Chaudhary and John Paul Walters). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Migration and Checkpointing. 12.3 Data Conversion. 12.4 Coarse-Grain Tagged RMR in MigThread. 12.5 Microbenchmarks and Experiments. 12.6 Related Work. 12.7 Conclusions and Future Work. 13. Receiving-Message Prediction and Its Speculative Execution (Takanobu Baba, Takashi Yokota, Kamemitsu Ootsu, Fumihitto Furukawa and Yoshiyuki Iwamoto). 13.1 Background. 13.2 Receiving-Message Prediction Method. 13.3 Implementation of the Method in the MIPI Libraries. 13.4 Experimental Results. 13.5 Conclusing Remarks. 14. An Investigation of the Applicability of Distributed FPGAs to High-Performance Computing (John P. Morrison, Padraig O’Dowd and Philip D. Healy). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 High Performance Computing with Cluster Computing. 14.3 Reconfigurable Computing with EPGAs. 14.4 DRMC: A Distributed Reconfigurable Metacomputer. 14.5 Algorithms Suited to the Implementation on FPGAs/DRMC. 14.6 Algorithms Not Suited to the Implementation on FPGAs/DRMC. 14.7 Summary. PART 3. SCHEDULING AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT. 15. Bandwidth-Aware Resource Allocation for Heterogeneous Computing Systems to Maximize Throughput (Bo Hong and Viktor K. Prasanna). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Related Work. 15.3 Systems Model and Problem Statement. 15.4 Resource Allocation to Maximize System Throughput. 15.5 Experimental Results. 15.6 Conclusion. 16. Scheduling Algorithms with Bus Bandwidth Considerations for SMPs (Christos D. Antonopoulos, Dimitrios S., Nikolopoulos and Theeodore S. Papatheodorou). 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 Related Work. 16.3 The Implications of Bus Bandwidth for Application Performance. 16.4 Scheduling Policies for Preserving Bus Bandwidth. 16.5 Experimental Evaluation. 16.6 Conclusions. 17. Toward Performance Guarantee of Dynamic Task Scheduling of a Parameter-Sweep Application onto a Computational Grid (Noriyuki Fujimoto and Kenichi Hagihara). 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 A Grid Scheduling Model. 17.3 Related Works. 17.4 The Proposed Algorithm RR. 17.5 The Performance Guarantee of the Proposed Algorithm. 17.6 Conclusion. 18. Performance Study of Reliability Maximization and Turnaround Minimization with GA-based Task Allocation in DCS (Deo Prakash Vidyarthi, Anil Kumar Tripathi, Biplab Kumer Sarker, Kirti Rani and Laurence T. Yang). 18.1 Introduction. 18.2 GA for Task Allocation. 18.3 The Algorithm. 18.4 Illustrative Examples. 18.5 Discussions and Conclusion. 19. Toward Fast and Efficient Compile-Time Task Scheduling in Heterogeneous Computing Systems (Tarek Hagras and Jan Janecek). 19.1 Introduction. 19.2 Problem Definition. 19.3 The Suggested Algorithm. 19.4 Heterogeneous Systems Scheduling Heuristics. 19.5 Experimental Results and Discussion. 19.6 Conclusion. 20. An On-Line Approach for Classifying and Extracting Application Behavior on Linux (Luciano José Senger, Rodrigo Fernandes de Mello, Marcos José Santana, Regina Helena Carlucci Santana and Laurence Tianruo Yang). 20.1 Introduction. 20.2 Related Work. 20.3 Information Acquisition. 20.4 Linux Process Classification Model. 20.5 Results. 20.6 Evaluation of The Model Intrusion on the System Performance. 20.7 Conclusions. PART 4. CLUSTERS AND GRID COMPUTING. 21. Peer-to-Peer Grid Computing and a .NET-Based Alchemi Framework (Akshay Luther, Rajkumar Buyya, Rajiv Ranjan and Srikumar Venugopal). 21.1 Introduction. 21.2 Background. 21.3 Desktop Grid Middleware Considerations. 21.4 Representation Desktop Grid Systems. 21.5 Alchemi Desktop Grid Framework. 21.6 Alchemi Design and Implementation. 21.7 Alchemi Performance Evaluation. 21.8 Summary and Future Work. 22. Global Grids and Software Toolkits: A Study of Four Grid Middleware Technologies (Parvin Asadzadeh, Rajkumar Buyya, Chun Ling Kei, Deepa Nayar and Srikumar Venugopal). 22.1 Introduction. 22.2 Overview of Grid Middleware Systems. 22.3 Unicore. 22.4 Globus. 22.5 Legion. 22.6 Gridbus. 22.7 Implementation of UNICORE Adaptor for Gridbus Broker. 22.8 Comparison of Middleware Systems. 22.9 Summary. 23. High-Performance Computing on Clusters: The Distributed JVM Approach (Wenzhang Zhu, Weijian Fang, Cho-Li Wang and Francis C. M. Lau). 23.1 Background. 23.2 Distributed JVM. 23.3 JESSICA2 Distributed JVM. 23.4 Performance Analysis. 23.5 Related Work. 23.6 Summary. 24. Data Grids: Supporting Data-Intensive Applications in Wide-Area Networks (Xiao Qin and Hong Jiang). 24.1 Introduction. 24.2 Data Grid Services. 24.3 High-Performance Data Grid. 24.4 Security Issues. 24.5 Open Issues. 24.6 Conclusions. 25. Application I/O on a Parallel File System for Linux Clusters (Dheeraj Bhaardwaj). 25.1 Introduction. 25.2 Application I/O. 25.3 Parallel I/O System Software. 25.4 Standard Unix & Parallel I/O. 25.5 Example: Seismic Imaging. 25.6 Discussion and Conclusion. 26. One Teraflop Achieved with a Geographically Distributed Linux Cluster (Peng Wang, George Turner, Steven Simms, Dave Hart, Mary Papakhiam and Craig Stewart). 26.1 Introduction. 26.2 Hardware and Software Setup. 26.3 System Tuning and Benchmark Results. 26.4 Performance Costs and Benefits. 27. A Grid-Based Distributed Simulation of Plasma Turbulence (Beniamino Di Martino, Salvatore Venticinque, Sergio Criguglio, Giulana Fogaccia and Gregorio Vlad). 27.1 Introduction. 27.2 MPI Implementation of The Internode Domain Decomposition. 27.3 Integration of The Internode Domain Decomposition with Intranode Particle Decomposition Strategies. 27.4 The MPICH-G2 Implementation. 27.5 Conclusions. 28. Evidence-Aware Trust Model for Dynamic Services (Ali Shaikh Ali, Omer F. Rana and Rashid J. Al-Ali). 28.1 Motivation For Evaluating Trust. 28.2 Service Trust—What Is It? 28.3 Evidence-Aware Trust Model. 28.4 The System Life Cycle. 28.5 Conclusion. PART 5. PEER-TO-PEER COMPUTING. 29. Resource Discovery in Peer-to-Peer Infrastructures (Huang-Chang Hsiao and Chung-Ta King). 29.1 Introduction. 29.2 Design Requirements. 29.3 Unstructured P2P Systems 4. 29.4 Structured P2P Systems. 29.5 Advanced Resource Discovery for Structured P2P Systems. 29.6 Summary. 30. Hybrid Periodical Flooding in Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Networks (Yunhao Liu, Li Xiao, Lionel M. Ni and Zhenyun Zhuang). 30.1 Introduction. 30.2 Serarch Mechanisms. 30.3 Hybrid Periodical Flooding. 30.4 Simulation Methodology. 30.5 Performance Evaluation. 30.6 Conclusion. 31. HIERAS: A DHT-Based Hierarchical P2P Routing Algorithm (Zhiyong Xu, Yiming Hu and Laxmi Bhuyan). 31.1 Introduction. 31.2 Hierarchical P2P Architecture. 31.3 System Design. 31.4 Performance Evaluation. 31.5 Related Works. 31.6 Summary. 32. Flexible and Scalable Group Communication Model for Peer-to-Peer Systems (Tomoya Enokido and Makoto Takizawa). 32.1 Introduction. 32.2 Group of Agents. 32.3 Functions of Group Protocol. 32.4 Autonomic Group Protocol. 32.5 Retransmission. 32.6 Conclusion. PART 6. WIRELESS AND MOBILE COMPUTING. 33. Study of Cache-Enhanced Dynamic Movement-Based Location Management Schemes for 3G Cellular Networks (Krishna Priya Patury, Yi Pan, Xiaola Lin, Yang Xiao and Jie Li). 33. 1 Introduction. 33.2 Location Management with and without Cache. 33.3 The Cache-Enhanced Location Management Scheme. 33.4 Simulation Results and Analysis. 33.5 Conclusion. 34. Maximizing Multicast Lifetime in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (Guofeng Deng and Sandeep K. S. Gupta). 34.1 Introduction. 34.2 Energy Consumption Model In WANETs. 34.3 Definitions of Maximum Multicast Lifetime. 34.4 Maximum Multicast Lifetime of The Network Using Single Tree (MMLM). 34.5 Maximum Multicast Lifetime of The Network Using Multiple Trees (MMLM). 34.6 Summary. 35. A QoS-Aware Scheduling Algorithm for Bluetooth Scatternets (Young Man Kim, Ten H. Lai and Anish Arora). 35.1 Introduction. 35.2 Perfect Scheduling Problem for Bipartite Scatternet. 35.3 Perfect Assignment Scheduling Algorithm for Bipartite Scatternets. 35.4 Distributed, Local, and Incremental Scheduling Algorithms. 35.5 Performance and QOS Analysis. 35.6 Conclusion. PART 7. HIGH PERFORMANCE APPLICATIONS. 36. A Workload Partitioner for Heterogeneous Grids (Daniel J. Harvey, Sajal K. Das and Rupak Biswas). 36.1 Introduction. 36.2 Preliminaries. 36.3 The MinEX Partitioner. 36.4 N-Body Application. 36.5 Experimental Study. 36.6 Conclusion. 37. Building a User-Level Grid for Bag-of-Tasks Applications (Walfredo Cirne, Francisco Brasileiro, Daniel Paranhos, Lauro Costa, Elizeu Santos-Neto and Carla Osthoff). 37.1 Introduction. 37.2 Design Goals. 37.3 Architecture. 37.4 Working Environment. 37.5 Scheduling. 37.6 Implementation. 37.7 Performance Evaluation. 37.8 Conclusions and Future Work. 38. An Efficient Parallel Method for Calculating the Smarandache Function (Sabin Tabirca, Tatiana Tabirca, Kieran Reynolds and Laurence T. Yang). 38.1 Introduction. 38.2 Computing in Parallel. 38.3 Experimental Results. 38.4 Conclusion. 39. Design, Implementation and Deployment of a Commodity Cluster for Peirodic Comparison of Gene Sequences (Anita M. Orendt, Brian Haymore, David Richardson, Sofia Robb, Alejandro Sanchez Alvarado and Julio C. Facelli). 39.1 Introduction. 39.2 System Requirements and Design. 39.3 Performance. 39.4 Conclusions. 40. A Hierarchical Distributed Shared-Memory Parallel Branch & Bound Application with PVM and OpenMP on Multiprocessor Clusters (Rocco Aversa, Beniamino Di Martino, Nicola Mazzocca and Salvatore Venticinque). 40.1 Introduction. 40.2 The B&B Parallel Application. 40.3 The OpenMP Extension. 40.4 Experimental Results. 40.5 Conclusions. 41. IP Based Telecommunication Services (Anna Bonifacio and G. Spinillo). 41.1 Introduction. Index.
£161.95
John Wiley & Sons Inc Telecosmos
Book SynopsisAlthough telecom companies are battling for survival, technology is moving forward. In research laboratories around the world, powerful new technologies are being developed that will shape tomorrow''s communications world. Telecosmos will look at the many different telecom concepts that will be adopted by both consumers and businesses in the years ahead.Trade Review"…this volume should be acquired by college and university undergraduate and graduate libraries supporting degree programs in computer science, telecommunications, and business." (E-STREAMS, April 2005) "If you enjoy reading about the very latest technological revolutions, pick up a copy of this book...we love the book." (Start Your Own Business, Summer 2005)Table of ContentsIntroduction. Information Portal. Back to Me. I, Telecom Junkie. 1. On the Menu—Telecom Services. 1.1 End of the Line for Wireline? 1.2 The Broadband World. 1.3 The Upcoming Mobile Stall. 1.4 Fourth-Generation Mobile Service. 1.5 Modular Components. 1.6 A Considerate Telephone. 1.7 E-Mail Leads to Instant Messaging. 1.8 Fun and Games. 1.9 Flying Phone Service. 1.10 Speech Integration. 1.11 Telemedicine. 2. Nuts and Bits—Telecom Hardware, Software, and More. 2.1 Personal Computers. 2.2 Home Automation. 2.3 Wearable Computers. 2.4 Smart Fabrics. 2.5 Embedded Systems. 2.6 Project Oxygen. 2.7 The Obje Software Architecture. 2.8 BARN Opens the Door. 2.9 Phone Awareness. 2.10 Cognitive Software: Anticipating User Intent. 2.11 Devices That Understand You. 2.12 Turbocharging Data. 2.13 MEMS. 2.14 Storage. 2.15 More Efficient Base Stations. 3. Connections in the Air—Wireless Technologies. 3.1 Wireless LAN “Hotspots”. 3.2 WLANs to Come. 3.3 WLAN for Emergency Communications. 3.4 Smart Brick. 3.5 Wireless Smart Stuff. 3.6 Wireless on Wheels. 3.7 Mesh Networks. 3.8 Wireless Sensor is a “Spec”. 3.9 Collaborative Sensing. 3.10 Optical Sensors. 3.11 Navigating the Real World. 3.12 Wireless Underwear. 4. The Future is Fiber—Optical Technologies. 4.1 Faster Networks. 4.2 New Optical Materials. 4.3 Nanophotonics. 4.4 Wave Polarization. 4.5 Optical Communications via CDMA. 4.6 Light Emitters. 4.7 Optical Antenna. 4.8 Keeping Copper. 5. The Internet Rules—IP Technologies. 5.1 VoIP Telephony. 5.2 The Next Internet. 5.3 Grid Computing. 5.4 Infostructure. 5.5 Tele-Learning Opens Horizons. 5.6 A New Approach to Virus Scanning. 5.7 Putting a Lid on Spam. 5.8 The Meaning Behind Messages. 5.9 Internet Simulator. 5.10 Untangling Tangled Nets. 6. Something in the Air—Radio and Location Technologies. 6.1 Digital Radio. 6.2 Software-Defined Radio. 6.3 Ultrawideband Radio. 6.4 Asset Tracking. 6.5 Radio Monitors. 6.6 Vehicular Telematics. 6.7 Helping Ranchers From Space. 6.8 Seeing Inside Walls. 6.9 Microscillator. 6.10 Antenna Technologies. 6.11 Interference. 7. The Unblinking Eye—Security and Surveillance. 7.1 Testing Security. 7.2 Location-Based Privacy Software. 7.3 Securing Privacy. 7.4 The Seeing Eye. 7.5 Smart Roads. 7.6 Chip Implants. 7.7 Encryption. 7.8 Quantum Cryptography. 7.9 E-Mail “Cluster Bombs”. 8. Energy to Go—Power Generation. 8.1 New Materials. 8.2 Smaller, Lighter Power Adapter. 8.3 Fuel Cells. 8.4 Microcombustion Battery. 8.5 Power Monitor. 8.6 Cooling Technologies. 9. The Critical Last Inch—Input and Output Technologies. 9.1 A Finger Phone. 9.2 Voice Input. 9.3 Improved Audio Output. 9.4 Touch Input. 9.5 Projection Keyboards. 9.6 Thought Input. 9.7 Output. 9.8 A New View. 9.9 Paper-Like Video Displays. 9.10 Finding Information. 9.11 Disabled Access. Glossary. Index.
£36.05
John Wiley & Sons Inc Signaling in Telecommunication Networks 87 Wiley
Book SynopsisGuidance to help you grasp even the most complex network structures and signaling protocols The Second Edition of Signaling in Telecommunication Networks has been thoroughly updated, offering new chapters and sections that cover the most recent developments in signaling systems and procedures.Trade Review"I recommend this book as a perfect guide to state-of-the-art telecommunications signaling, especially as an advanced undergraduate course book." (Computing Reviews.com, August 6, 2007) "If you need to understand the topic of telecommunications signaling or want to update your knowledge of some of the new or expanded technologies, then...[it] may be the only book you need." (Blogcritics.org, March 2, 2007)Table of ContentsPreface to the Second Edition. Chapter 1 Introduction to Telecommunications. 1.1 Telecommunication Networks. 1.2 Numbering Plans. 1.3 Digit Analysis and Routing. 1.4 Analog Transmission. 1.5 Digital Transmission. 1.6 Special Transmission Equipment. 1.7 Exchanges. 1.8 Access Networks and Line Concentrators. 1.9 Acronyms. 1.10 References. Chapter 2 Introduction to Signaling. 2.1 Overview. 2.2 Standards for Signaling Systems. 2.3 Acronyms. 2.4 References. Chapter 3 Subscriber Signaling. 3.1 Basic Subscriber Signaling. 3.2 Signaling Components in Telephones. 3.3 Signaling Equipment at the Local Exchange. 3.4 Tones, Announcements, and Ringing. 3.5 Subscriber Signaling for Supplementary Services. 3.6 Other Applications of DTMF Signaling. 3.7 Dialing Plans. 3.8 Acronyms. 3.9 References. Chapter 4 Channel-Associated Interexchange Signaling. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Bell System Multifrequency Signaling. 4.3 Signaling System No. 5. 4.4 MFC-R2 Signaling. 4.5 Acronyms. 4.6 References. Chapter 5 Introduction to Common-Channel Signaling. 5.1 Signaling Networks. 5.2 Signaling Links and Signal Units. 5.3 Acronyms. 5.4 References. Chapter 6 Signaling in Access Networks. 6.1 Overview of Signaling for Access Systems. 6.2 The GR-303 Standard. 6.3 The V5 Standards. 6.4 The V5.1 Standard. 6.5 The V5.2 Standard. 6.6 Acronyms. 6.7 References. Chapter 7 Introduction to Signaling System No. 7. 7.1 SS7 Structure. 7.2 Identification of Signaling Points and Trunks. 7.3 SS7 Signal Units and Primitives. 7.4 Acronyms. 7.5 References. Chapter 8 SS7 Message Transfer Part. 8.1 Introduction to MTP. 8.2 MTP Level 1. 8.3 Overview of MTP Level 2. 8.4 Basic Error Correction. 8.5 Preventive Cyclic Retransmission. 8.6 Signaling Link Management. 8.7 Overview of MTP Level 3. 8.8 MTP3 Signaling Message Handling. 8.9 MTP3 Signaling Network Management. 8.10 Acronyms. 8.11 References. Chapter 9 Telephone User Part. 9.1 Messages and Primitives. 9.2 Call-Control Messages and Signals. 9.3 Basic Signaling Sequences. 9.4 TUP Support of Additional Services. 9.5 Other TUP Procedures, Messages, and Signals. 9.6 Versions of TUP Signaling. 9.7 Acronyms. 9.8 References. Chapter 10 Digital Subscriber Signaling System No. 1. 10.1 Introduction to ISDN and DSS1. 10.2 Data Link Layer (LAPD). 10.3 Q.931 Call-Control Messages. 10.4 Introduction to Call-Control Signaling. 10.5 Call-Control Examples. 10.6 Failed ISDN Setups. 10.7 Acronyms. 10.8 References. Chapter 11 ISDN User Part. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 ISUP Messages, Formats, and Parameters. 11.3 Signaling for Calls Between ISDN Users. 11.4 Calls Involving Analog Subscribers. 11.5 End-to-End Signaling. 11.6 Other Signaling Procedures. 11.7 Signaling Procedures for Failed Setups. 11.8 ISUP Signaling in the International Network. 11.9 ISUP Signaling in the United States. 11.10 Acronyms. 11.11 References. Chapter 12 Signaling in Cellular Mobile Telecommunications. 12.1 Introduction to Cellular Mobile Networks. 12.2 AMPS Tone Signals and Message Words. 12.3 Introduction to AMPS Signaling. 12.4 AMPS Message Formats and Parameters. 12.5 AMPS Signaling Procedures. 12.6 Signaling in IS-54 Cellular Systems. 12.7 Introduction to the GSM Cellular System. 12.8 Signaling Between Mobile and Network. 12.9 Layer 3 Messages on the Um Interface. 12.10 Acronyms. 12.11 References. Chapter 13 Air Interface Signaling in CDMA Networks. 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 IS-95 Air Interface. 13.3 cdma2000 Air Interface. 13.4 UTRAN Air Interface. 13.5 Acronyms. 13.6 References. Chapter 14 Introduction to Transactions. 14.1 Definitions and Applications. 14.2 SS7 Architecture for Transactions. 14.3 Acronyms. 14.4 References. Chapter 15 Signaling Connection Control Part. 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 SCCP Messages and Parameters. 15.3 Connectionless SCCP. 15.4 Connection-Oriented SCCP. 15.5 SCCP Management. 15.6 Acronyms. 15.7 References. Chapter 16 Transaction Capabilities Application Part. 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 TCAP Formats and Coding. 16.3 Transaction and Invoke Identities. 16.4 U.S. National TCAP. 16.5 ETSI TCAP. 16.6 Acronyms. 16.7 References. Chapter 17 Transactions in Intelligent Networks. 17.1 Introduction to Intelligent Networks. 17.2 Call Models and Triggers. 17.3 AIN Messages and Transactions. 17.4 AIN 0.1 Parameters. 17.5 Coding of Data Elements. 17.6 Messages and Parameters. 17.7 AIN Services. 17.8 Acronyms. 17.9 References. Chapter 18 Intelligent Network Application Part. 18.1 Introduction. 18.2 Call Models and Triggers. 18.3 Capability Sets. 18.4 INAP Signaling. 18.5 ETSI INAP. 18.6 Acronyms. 18.7 References. Chapter 19 Mobile Application Part. 19.1 Introduction to IS-MAP. 19.2 Transactions for Registration and Authentication. 19.3 Calls to Mobile Stations. 19.4 Operations for Intersystem Handoff. 19.5 IS-MAP Formats and Codes. 19.6 Introduction to GSM-MAP. 19.7 Operations Related to Location Updating. 19.8 Operations for Calls Terminating at MS. 19.9 Operations and Procedures for Originating Calls. 19.10 Acronyms. 19.11 References. Chapter 20 Introduction to Packet Networks and VoIP. 20.1 Packet-Based Communication. 20.2 The TCP/IP Protocol Suite. 20.3 Introduction to VoIP. 20.4 Lower Layer Protocols for VoIP. 20.5 Acronyms. 20.6 References. Chapter 21 Signaling for VoIP. 21.1 Introduction. 21.2 The H.323 Protocol. 21.3 The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). 21.4 The Gateway Control Protocol. 21.5 The Signaling Transport (SIGTRAN) Protocols. 21.6 The Bearer Independent Call-Control (BICC) Protocols. 21.7 Acronyms. 21.8 References. Chapter 22 Signaling in ATM Networks. 22.1 Introduction to ATM Networks and Interfaces. 22.2 ATM Layers and Protocol Stack. 22.3 Lower Layers. 22.4 Introduction to ATM Signaling. 22.5 Signaling at the UNI Interface. 22.6 The PNNI Protocol. 22.7 The B-ISUP Signaling Protocol. 22.8 Other NNI Signaling Protocols. 22.9 ATM Addressing. 22.10 Acronyms. 22.11 References.
£145.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Evolutionary Computation Toward a New Philosophy
Book SynopsisThe revised and significantly expanded third edition of Evolutionary Computation presents the latest advances in the theory and practice of evolutionary computation. Highlighting the relationship between learning and intelligence, the book shows readers how to use simulated evolution to achieve machine intelligence.Trade Review"...a major contribution to the evolutionary computation literature...recommended reading for experienced researchers, as well as novice students…" (Computing Reviews.com, May 26, 2006)Table of ContentsPreface to the Third Edition. Preface to the Second Edition. Preface to the First Edition. 1 Defining Artificial Intelligence. 1.1 Background. 1.2 The Turing Test. 1.3 Simulation of Human Expertise. 1.3.1 Samuel’s Checker Program. 1.3.2 Chess Programs. 1.3.3 Expert Systems. 1.3.4 A Criticism of the Expert Systems or Knowledge-Based Approach. 1.3.5 Fuzzy Systems. 1.3.6 Perspective on Methods Employing Specific Heuristics. 1.4 Neural Networks. 1.5 Definition of Intelligence. 1.6 Intelligence, the Scientific Method, and Evolution. 1.7 Evolving Artificial Intelligence. References. Chapter 1 Exercises. 2 Natural Evolution. 2.1 The Neo-Darwinian Paradigm. 2.2 The Genotype and the Phenotype: The Optimization of Behavior. 2.3 Implications of Wright’s Adaptive Topography: Optimization Is Extensive Yet Incomplete. 2.4 The Evolution of Complexity: Minimizing Surprise. 2.5 Sexual Reproduction. 2.6 Sexual Selection. 2.7 Assessing the Beneficiary of Evolutionary Optimization. 2.8 Challenges to Neo-Darwinism. 2.8.1 Neutral Mutations and the Neo-Darwinian Paradigm. 2.8.2 Punctuated Equilibrium. 2.9 Summary. References. Chapter 2 Exercises. 3 Computer Simulation of Natural Evolution. 3.1 Early Speculations and Specific Attempts. 3.1.1 Evolutionary Operation. 3.1.2 A Learning Machine. 3.2 Artificial Life. 3.3 Evolutionary Programming. 3.4 Evolution Strategies. 3.5 Genetic Algorithms. 3.6 The Evolution of Evolutionary Computation. References. Chapter 3 Exercises. 4 Theoretical and Empirical Properties of Evolutionary Computation. 4.1 The Challenge. 4.2 Theoretical Analysis of Evolutionary Computation. 4.2.1 The Framework for Analysis. 4.2.2 Convergence in the Limit. 4.2.3 The Error of Minimizing Expected Losses in Schema Processing. 4.2.3.1 The Two-Armed Bandit Problem. 4.2.3.2 Extending the Analysis for “Optimally” Allocating Trials. 4.2.3.3 Limitations of the Analysis. 4.2.4 Misallocating Trials and the Schema Theorem in the Presence of Noise. 4.2.5 Analyzing Selection. 4.2.6 Convergence Rates for Evolutionary Algorithms. 4.2.7 Does a Best Evolutionary Algorithm Exist? 4.3 Empirical Analysis. 4.3.1 Variations of Crossover. 4.3.2 Dynamic Parameter Encoding. 4.3.3 Comparing Crossover to Mutation. 4.3.4 Crossover as a Macromutation. 4.3.5 Self-Adaptation in Evolutionary Algorithms. 4.3.6 Fitness Distributions of Search Operators. 4.4 Discussion. References. Chapter 4 Exercises. 5 Intelligent Behavior. 5.1 Intelligence in Static and Dynamic Environments. 5.2 General Problem Solving: Experiments with Tic-Tac-Toe. 5.3 The Prisoner’s Dilemma: Coevolutionary Adaptation. 5.3.1 Background. 5.3.2 Evolving Finite-State Representations. 5.4 Learning How to Play Checkers without Relying on Expert Knowledge. 5.5 Evolving a Self-Learning Chess Player. 5.6 Discussion. References. Chapter 5 Exercises. 6 Perspective. 6.1 Evolution as a Unifying Principle of Intelligence. 6.2 Prediction and the Languagelike Nature of Intelligence. 6.3 The Misplaced Emphasis on Emulating Genetic Mechanisms. 6.4 Bottom-Up Versus Top-Down. 6.5 Toward a New Philosophy of Machine Intelligence. References. Chapter 6 Exercises. Glossary. Index. About the Author.
£100.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electromagnetic Metamaterials
Book SynopsisElectromagnetic Metamaterials: Transmission Line Theory and Microwave Applications fills an important niche, connecting the more theoretical nature of negative index materials to the practical and covers all of the important topics relevant to a very complete description of the transmission line model of negative index materials.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. Acronyms. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Definition of Metamaterials (MTMs) and Left-Handed (LH) MTMs. 1.2 Theoretical Speculation by Viktor Veselago. 1.3 Experimental Demonstration of Left-Handedness. 1.4 Further Numerical and Experimental Confirmations. 1.5 “Conventional” Backward Waves and Novelty of LH MTMs. 1.6 Terminology. 1.7 Transmission Line (TL) Approach. 1.8 Composite Right/Left-Handed (CRLH) MTMs. 1.9 MTMs and Photonic Band-Gap (PBG) Structures. 1.10 Historical “Germs” of MTMs. References. 2 Fundamentals of LH MTMs. 2.1 Left-Handedness from Maxwell’s Equations. 2.2 Entropy Conditions in Dispersive Media. 2.3 Boundary Conditions. 2.4 Reversal of Doppler Effect. 2.5 Reversal of Vavilov- ˘ Cerenkov Radiation. 2.6 Reversal of Snell’s Law: Negative Refraction. 2.7 Focusing by a “Flat LH Lens”. 2.8 Fresnel Coefficients. 2.9 Reversal of Goos-H¨anchen Effect. 2.10 Reversal of Convergence and Divergence in Convex and Concave Lenses. 2.11 Subwavelength Diffraction. References. 3 TLTheoryofMTMs. 3.1 Ideal Homogeneous CRLH TLs. 3.1.1 Fundamental TL Characteristics. 3.1.2 Equivalent MTM Constitutive Parameters. 3.1.3 Balanced and Unbalanced Resonances. 3.1.4 Lossy Case. 3.2 LC Network Implementation. 3.2.1 Principle. 3.2.2 Difference with Conventional Filters. 3.2.3 Transmission Matrix Analysis. 3.2.4 Input Impedance. 3.2.5 Cutoff Frequencies. 3.2.6 Analytical Dispersion Relation. 3.2.7 Bloch Impedance. 3.2.8 Effect of Finite Size in the Presence of Imperfect Matching. 3.3 Real Distributed 1D CRLH Structures. 3.3.1 General Design Guidelines. 3.3.2 Microstrip Implementation. 3.3.3 Parameters Extraction. 3.4 Experimental Transmission Characteristics. 3.5 Conversion from Transmission Line to Constitutive Parameters. References. 4 Two-Dimensional MTMs. 4.1 Eigenvalue Problem. 4.1.1 General Matrix System. 4.1.2 CRLH Particularization. 4.1.3 Lattice Choice, Symmetry Points, Brillouin Zone, and 2D Dispersion Representations. 4.2 Driven Problem by the Transmission Matrix Method (TMM). 4.2.1 Principle of the TMM. 4.2.2 Scattering Parameters. 4.2.3 Voltage and Current Distributions. 4.2.4 Interest and Limitations of the TMM. 4.3 Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) Modeling Method. 4.3.1 TLM Modeling of the Unloaded TL Host Network. 4.3.2 TLM Modeling of the Loaded TL Host Network (CRLH). 4.3.3 Relationship between Material Properties and the TLM Model Parameters. 4.3.4 Suitability of the TLM Approach for MTMs. 4.4 Negative Refractive Index (NRI) Effects. 4.4.1 Negative Phase Velocity. 4.4.2 Negative Refraction. 4.4.3 Negative Focusing. 4.4.4 RH-LH Interface Surface Plasmons. 4.4.5 Reflectors with Unusual Properties. 4.5 Distributed 2D Structures. 4.5.1 Description of Possible Structures. 4.5.2 Dispersion and Propagation Characteristics. 4.5.3 Parameter Extraction. 4.5.4 Distributed Implementation of the NRI Slab. References. 5 Guided-Wave Applications. 5.1 Dual-Band Components. 5.1.1 Dual-Band Property of CRLH TLs. 5.1.2 Quarter-Wavelength TL and Stubs. 5.1.3 Passive Component Examples: Quadrature Hybrid and Wilkinson Power Divider. 5.1.3.1 Quadrature Hybrid. 5.1.3.2 Wilkinson Power Divider. 5.1.4 Nonlinear Component Example: Quadrature Subharmonically Pumped Mixer. 5.2 Enhanced-Bandwidth Components. 5.2.1 Principle of Bandwidth Enhancement. 5.2.2 Rat-Race Coupler Example. 5.3 Super-compact Multilayer “Vertical” TL. 5.3.1 “Vertical” TL Architecture. 5.3.2 TL Performances. 5.3.3 Diplexer Example. 5.4 Tight Edge-Coupled Coupled-Line Couplers (CLCs). 5.4.1 Generalities on Coupled-Line Couplers. 5.4.1.1 TEM and Quasi-TEM Symmetric Coupled-Line Structures with Small Interspacing: Impedance Coupling (IC). 5.4.1.2 Non-TEM Symmetric Coupled-Line Structures with Relatively Large Spacing: Phase Coupling (PC). 5.4.1.3 Summary on Symmetric Coupled-Line Structures. 5.4.1.4 Asymmetric Coupled-Line Structures. 5.4.1.5 Advantages of MTM Couplers. 5.4.2 Symmetric Impedance Coupler. 5.4.3 Asymmetric Phase Coupler. 5.5 Negative and Zeroth-Order Resonator. 5.5.1 Principle. 5.5.2 LC Network Implementation. 5.5.3 Zeroth-Order Resonator Characteristics. 5.5.4 Circuit Theory Verification. 5.5.5 Microstrip Realization. References. 6 Radiated-Wave Applications. 6.1 Fundamental Aspects of Leaky-Wave Structures. 6.1.1 Principle of Leakage Radiation. 6.1.2 Uniform and Periodic Leaky-Wave Structures. 6.1.2.1 Uniform LW Structures. 6.1.2.2 Periodic LW Structures. 6.1.3 Metamaterial Leaky-Wave Structures. 6.2 Backfire-to-Endfire (BE) Leaky-Wave (LW) Antenna. 6.3 Electronically Scanned BE LW Antenna. 6.3.1 Electronic Scanning Principle. 6.3.2 Electronic Beamwidth Control Principle. 6.3.3 Analysis of the Structure and Results. 6.4 Reflecto-Directive Systems. 6.4.1 Passive Retro-Directive Reflector. 6.4.2 Arbitrary-Angle Frequency Tuned Reflector. 6.4.3 Arbitrary-Angle Electronically Tuned Reflector. 6.5 Two-Dimensional Structures. 6.5.1 Two-Dimensional LW Radiation. 6.5.2 Conical-Beam Antenna. 6.5.3 Full-Space Scanning Antenna. 6.6 Zeroth Order Resonating Antenna. 6.7 Dual-Band CRLH-TL Resonating Ring Antenna. 6.8 Focusing Radiative “Meta-Interfaces”. 6.8.1 Heterodyne Phased Array. 6.8.2 Nonuniform Leaky-Wave Radiator. References. 7 The Future of MTMs. 7.1 “Real-Artificial” Materials: the Challenge of Homogenization. 7.2 Quasi-Optical NRI Lenses and Devices. 7.3 Three-Dimensional Isotropic LH MTMs. 7.4 Optical MTMs. 7.5 “Magnetless” Magnetic MTMs. 7.6 Terahertz Magnetic MTMs. 7.7 Surface Plasmonic MTMs. 7.8 Antenna Radomes and Frequency Selective Surfaces. 7.9 Nonlinear MTMs. 7.10 Active MTMs. 7.11 Other Topics of Interest. References. Index.
£121.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Optical Wdm Networks
Book SynopsisPresents an easy-to-follow introduction to basic concepts, key issues, effective solutions, and technologies for wavelength-routed Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks. Responding to the need for resources focused on the networking potential of WDM, this book is organized in terms of various important networking aspects.Trade Review"Scientists and researchers working with optical communications will welcome all these reference materials." (IEEE Circuits & Devices, May/June 2006)Table of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Fundamentals of WDM network devices. 3. Routing and wavelength assignment. 4. Virtual topology design. 5. Distributed lightpath establishment. 6. Optical layer survivability. 7. IP over WDM. 8. Future trends in optical networks. Appendix A: Basics of graph theory. Appendix B: Dijkstra's algorithm.
£109.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electric Bicycles
Book SynopsisReveals important techniques, data, and examples that allow readers to judge various propulsion setups used in both home and factory made bikes and estimate speed and travel distance for each. This text includes numerous charts that present the costs, benefits, and trade offs between both commercial and user converted models.Table of ContentsPreface. 1 Electric Bicycles — History, Characteristics, and Uses. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 History of Bicycles. 1.3 History of Electric Bicycles. 1.4 Some Uses for the Electric-Powered Bicycle. 1.5 Examples of Electric Bicycles. 1.6 Future of Electric Bicycles. 1.7 Laws and Regulations Governing Electric Bicycles. 1.8 Conclusion. 2 Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Mathematical Model of Bicycle Performance: Power Required. 2.3 Estimating Required Motor Power. 2.4 Selecting a Battery for Minimum Life-Cycle Cost. 2.5 Unique New Two-Wheeled Vehicles. 3 Sources of Electric Power for Bicycles. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Requirements of Batteries for Powering Electric Bicycles. 3.3 Characteristics of batteries Suitable for Electric Bicycle Propulsion. 3.4 Fuel Cells for Powering Electric Bicycles. 3.5 Best New Electric Power Sources. 3.6 Bicycle Propulsion Power Sources to Watch. 4 Battery Charging. 4.1 History of battery-Charging Technology. 4.2 Basic Functions of battery Chargers. 4.3 Battery Characteristics Pertinent in Charging. 4.4 Lead-Acid Battery Charging. 4.5 Charger Design for Long Battery Life. 4.6 Smart Chargers for New Nickel-Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride, and Lithium Batteries. 4.7 Smart Batteries for Smart Chargers. 4.8 Self-Discharge Rate of Nickel and Lithium Cells. 4.9 Recoverable Energy. 4.10 Solar Panel Battery Chargers. 5 Motors and Motor Controllers. 5.1 Fundamental Principles of Electric Motors. 5.2 Motor Characteristics for Electric Bicycle Propulsion. 5.3 Gear Ratio Determination. 5.4 Motor Control. 6 The System Design. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Setting up the Electric Bicycle Systems Design. 6.3 Some Examples of Bicycle-System Trade. 6.4 System Design Example. 7 Measurement of Performance. 7.1 Measuring Propulsion Power to determine Propulsion Efficiency. 7.2 Measuring Motor Efficiency Includes Measurement of Motor Power. 7.3 Measuring battery Characteristics. 8 Developments to Watch. 8.1 Bicycle Systems. 8.2 Energy Sources. 8.3 Solar Charging Systems. 8.4 High-Efficiency Motors. 8.5 Controllers. Appendix: Table of Conversion Factors for Units of Measure. Index.
£53.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Software Measurement and Estimation A Practical
Book SynopsisPractical Estimation in Software Engineering is a practical guide to metrics and quantitative software estimation. The book begins with the foundations of measurement and metrics, and then focuses on techniques and tools for estimation of the required effort and the resulting quality of a software project.Trade Review"It is a good and welcome addition to any technical library…and for anyone…who needs to manage software, either development or acquisition." (ACM Software Engineering Notes, January 2007) "…an excellent book on this important area of software development." (CHOICE, December 2006) "The authors offer software engineers and project managers a new, tested approach that provides the quantitative tools, data, and knowledge needed to make sound estimations." (IEEE Computer Magazine, August 2006) "Corporations should advise both their project managers and their software teams to study methods introduced in this worthy text." (Kybernetes, Vol.36 Issue 1)Table of ContentsAcknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 1.1 Objective. 1.2 Approach. 1.3 Motivation. 1.4 Summary. References. Chapter 1 Side Bar. 2. What to Measure. 2.1 Method 1: The Goal Question Metrics Approach. 2.2 Extension to GQM: Metrics Mechanism is Important. 2.3 Method 2: Decision Maker Model. 2.4 Method 3: Standards Driven Metrics. 2.5 What to Measure is a Function of Time. 2.6 Summary. References. Exercises. Project. 3. Fundamentals of Measurement. 3.1 Initial Measurement Exercise. 3.2 The Challenge of Measurement. 3.3 Measurement Models. 3.3.1 Text Models. 3.3.2 Diagrammatic Models. 3.3.3 Algorithmic Models. 3.3.4 Model Examples: Response Time. 3.3.5 The Pantometric Paradigm - How to Measure Anything. 3.4 Meta-Model for Metrics. 3.5 The Power of Measurement. 3.6 Measurement Theory. 3.6.1 Introduction to Measurement Theory. 3.6.2 Measurement Scales. 3.6.3 Measures of Central Tendency and Variability. 3.6.3.1 Measures of Central Tendency. 3.6.3.2 Measures of Variability. 3.6.4 Validity and Reliability of Measurement. 3.6.5 Measurement Error. 3.7 Accuracy versus Precision and the Limits of Software Measurement. 3.7.1 Summary. 3.7.2 Problems. 3.7.3 Project. References. 4. Measuring the Size of Software. 4.1 Physical Measurements of Software. 4.1.1 Measuring Lines of Code. 4.1.1.1 Code Counting Checklists. 4.1.2 Language Productivity Factor. 4.1.3 Counting Reused and Refactored Code. 4.1.4 Counting Non-Procedural Code Length. 4.1.5 Measuring the Length of Specifications and Design. 4.2 Measuring Functionality. 4.2.1 Function Points. 4.2.1.1 Counting Function Points. 4.2.2 Function Point Counting Exercise. 4.2.3 Converting Function Points to Physical Size. 4.2.4 Converting Function Points to Effort. 4.2.5 Other Function Point Engineering Rules. 4.2.6 Function Point Pros and Cons. 4.3 Feature Points. 4.4 Size Summary. 4.5 Size Exercises. 4.6 Theater Tickets Project. References. 5. Measuring Complexity. 5.1 Structural Complexity. 5.1.1 Size as a Complexity Measure. 5.1.1.1 System Size and Complexity. 5.1.1.2 Module Size and Complexity. 5.1.2 Cyclomatic Complexity. 5.1.3 Halstead's Metrics. 5.1.4 Information Flow Metrics. 5.1.5 System Complexity. 5.1.5.1 Maintainability Index. 5.1.5.2 The Agresti-Card System Complexity Metric. 5.1.6 Object-Oriented Design Metrics. 5.1.7 Structural Complexity Summary. 5.2 Conceptual Complexity. 5.3 Computational Complexity. 5.4 Complexity Metrics Summary. 5.5 Complexity Exercises. 5.6 Projects. References. 6. Estimating Effort. 6.1 Effort Estimation - Where are we?. 6.2 Software Estimation Methodologies and Models. 6.2.1 Expert Estimation. 6.2.1.1 Work and Activity Decomposition. 6.2.1.2 System Decomposition. 6.2.1.3 The Delphi Methods. 6.2.2 Using Benchmark Size Data. 6.2.2.1 Lines of Code Benchmark Data. 6.2.2.2 Function Point Benchmark Data. 6.2.3 Estimation by Analogy. 6.2.3.1 Traditional Analogy Approach. 6.2.3.2 Analogy Summary. 6.2.4 Proxy Point Estimation Methods. 6.2.4.1 Meta-Model for Effort Estimation. 6.2.4.2 Function Points. 6.2.4.2.1 COSMIC Function Points. 6.2.4.3 Object Points. 6.2.4.4 Use Case Sizing Methodologies. 6.2.4.4.1 Use Case Points Methodology. 6.2.4.4.2 Example: Use Case Point Methodology Example: Home Security System. 6.2.4.4.3 Use Case Point Methodology Effectiveness. 6.2.5 Custom Models. 6.2.6 Algorithmic Models. 6.2.6.1 Manual Models. 6.2.6.2 Estimating Project Duration. 6.2.6.3 Tool Based Models. 6.3 Combining Estimates. 6.4 Estimating Issues. 6.4.1 Targets vs. Estimates. 6.4.2 The Limitations of Estimation - Why?. 6.4.3 Estimate Uncertainties. 6.5 Estimating Early and Often. 6.6 Estimation Summary. 6.7 Estimation Problems. 6.8 Estimation Project - Theater Tickets. References. 7. In Praise of Defects: Defects and Defect Metrics. 7.1 Why study and measure defects?. 7.2 Faults vs. failures. 7.3 Defect Dynamics and Behaviors. 7.3.1 Defect Arrival Rates. 7.3.2 Defects vs. Effort. 7.3.3 Defects vs. Staffing. 7.3.4 Defect Arrival Rates vs. Code Production Rate. 7.3.5 Defect Density vs. Module Complexity. 7.3.6 Defect Density vs. System Size. 7.4 Defect Projection Techniques and Models. 7.4.1 Dynamic Defect Models. 7.4.1.1 Rayleigh Models. 7.4.1.2 Exponential and S-Curves Arrival Distribution Models. 7.4.1.3 Empirical Data and Recommendations for Dynamic Models. 7.4.2 Static Defect Models. 7.4.2.1 Defect Insertion and Removal Model. 7.4.2.2 Defect Removal Efficiency - A Key Metric. 7.4.2.3 Static Defect Model Tools. 7.5 Additional Defect Benchmark Data. 7.5.1 Defect Data By Application Domain. 7.5.2 Cumulative Defect Removal Efficiency (DRE) Benchmark. 7.5.3 SEI Levels and Defect Relationships. 7.5.4 Latent Defects. 7.5.5 Other Defects Benchmarks and a Few Recommendations+. 7.6 Cost Effectiveness of Defect Removal by Phase. 7.7 Defining and Using Simple Defect Metrics: An example. 7.8 Some Paradoxical Patterns for Customer Reported Defects. 7.9 Defect Summary. 7.10 Problems. 7.11 Projects. 7.12 Answers to the initial questions. References. 8. Software Reliability Measurement and Prediction. 8.1 Why study and measure software reliability?. 8.2 What is reliability?. 8.3 Faults and failures. 8.4 Failure Severity Classes. 8.5 Failure Intensity. 8.6 The Cost of Reliability. 8.7 Software Reliability Theory. 8.7.1 Uniform and Random Distributions. 8.7.2 The probability of failure during a time interval. 8.7.3 F(t) - The Probability of Failure by time t. 8.7.4 R(t) - The Reliability Function. 8.7.5 Reliability Theory Summarized. 8.8 Reliability Models. 8.8.1 Types of Models. 8.8.2 Predicting Number of Defects Remaining. 8.8.3 Reliability Growth Models. 8.8.4 Model Summary. 8.9 Failure Arrival Rates. 8.9.1 Predicting Failure Arrival Rates Using Historical Data. 8.9.2 Engineering Rules for MTTF. 8.9.3 Musa's Algorithm. 8.9.4 Operational Profile Testing. 8.9.5 Predicting Reliability Summary. 8.10 But when do I ship?. 8.11 System Configurations: Probability and Reliability. 8.12 Answers to Initial Question. 8.13 Reliability Summary. 8.14 Reliability Exercises. 8.15 Reliability Project. References. 9. Response Time and Availability. 9.1 Response Time Measurements. 9.2 Availability. 9.2.1 Availability Factors. 9.2.2 Outage Scope. 9.2.3 Complexities in Measuring Availability. 9.2.4 Software Rejuvenation. 9.2.4.1 Software Aging. 9.2.4.2 Classification of Faults. 9.2.4.3 Software Rejuvenation Techniques. 9.2.4.4 Impact of Rejuvenation on Availability. 9.3 Summary. 9.4 Problems. 9.5 Project. References. 10. Measuring Progress. 10.1 Project Milestones. 10.2 Code Integration. 10.3 Testing Progress. 10.4 Defects Discovery and Closure. 10.4.1 Defect Discovery. 10.4.2 Defect Closure. 10.5 Process Effectiveness. 10.6 Summary. References. Problems. 11. Outsourcing. 11.1 The "O" Word. 11.2 Defining Outsourcing. 11.3 Risks Management and Outsourcing. 11.4 Metrics and the Contract. 11.5 Summary. References. Exercises. Problems. Chapter 11 Sidebar. 12. Financial Measures for the Software Engineer. 12.1 It's All About the Green. 12.2 Financial Concepts. 12.3 Building the Business Case. 12.3.1 Understanding Costs. 12.3.1.1 Salaries. 12.3.1.2 Overhead Costs. 12.3.1.3 Risk Costs. 12.3.1.3.1 Identifying Risk. 12.3.1.3.2 Assessing Risks. 12.3.1.3.3 Planning for Risk. 12.3.1.3.4 Monitoring Risk. 12.3.1.4 Capital versus Expense. 12.3.2 Understanding Benefits. 12.3.3 Business Case Metrics. 12.3.3.1 Return on Investment. 12.3.3.2 Pay-Back Period. 12.3.3.3 Cost/Benefit Ratio. 12.3.3.4 Profit & Loss Statement. 12.3.3.5 Cash Flow. 12.3.3.6 Expected Value. 12.4 Living the Business Case. 12.5 Summary. References. Problems. Projects. 13. Benchmarking. 13.1 What is Benchmarking. 13.2 Why Benchmark. 13.3 What to Benchmark. 13.4 Identifying and Obtaining a Benchmark. 13.5 Collecting Actual Data. 13.6 Taking Action. 13.7 Current Benchmarks. 13.8 Summary. References. Problems. Projects. 14. Presenting Metrics Effectively to Management. 14.1 Decide on the Metrics. 14.2 Draw the Picture. 14.3 Create a Dashboard. 14.4 Drilling for Information. 14.5 Example for the Big Cheese. 14.6 Evolving Metrics. 14.7 Summary. References. Problems. Project. Index.
£99.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Parallel Metaheuristics
Book SynopsisParallel Metaheuristics provides a single, up-to-date reference on parallel metaheuristic issues. This comprehensive book presents modern and ongoing research information on using, designing, and analyzing efficient models of parallel algorithms (numeric and real-time efficiency, algorithms, comparison of parallel models).Trade Review"This book nicely combines many papers on a general topic of timeliness and importance." (Journal of the Operational Research Society, 2008) "…a good overview of recent metaheuristic techniques, and can be used as a starting point for developing new parallel version of the methods." (Computing Reviews.com, March 13, 2006)Table of ContentsForeword. Preface Contributors. PART I: INTRODUCTION TO METAHEURISITICS AND PARALLELISM. 1. An Introduction to Metaheuristic Techniques (C. Blum, et al.). 2. Measuring the Performance of Parallel Metaheuristics (E. Alba & G. Luque). 3. New Technologies in Parallelism (E. Alba & A. Nebro). 4. Metaheuristics and Parallelism (E. Alba, et al.). PART II: PARALLEL METAHEURISTIC MODELS. 5. Parallel Genetic Algorithms (G. Luque, et al.). 6. Parallel Genetic Programming (F. Fernández, et al.). 7. Parallel Evolution Strategies (G. Rudolph). 8. Parallel Ant Colony Algorithms (S. Janson, et al.). 9. Parallel Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (J. Madera, et al.). 10. Parallel Scatter Search (F. Garcia, et al.). 11. Parallel Variable Neighborhood Search (J. Moreno-Pérez, et al.). 12. Parallel Simulated Annealing (M. Aydin, V. Yigit). 13. Parallel Tabu Search (T. Crainic, et al.). 14. Parallel Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedures (M. Resende & C. Ribeiro). 15. Parallel Hybrid Metaheuristics (C. Cotta, et al.). 16. Parallel MultiObjective Optimization (A. Nebro, et al.). 17. Parallel Heterogeneous Metaheuristics (F. Luna, et al.). PART III: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS. 18. Theory of Parallel Genetic Algorithms (E. Cantú-Paz). 19. Parallel Metaheuristics Applications (T. Crainic & N. Hail). 20. Parallel Metaheuristics in Telecommunications (S. Nesmachnow, et al.). 21. Bioinformatics and Parallel Metaheuristics (O. Trelles, A. Rodriguez). Index.
£128.66
John Wiley & Sons Inc Organizational Simulation
Book SynopsisComputer-based simulation has long been used to project the behavior of systems too complex for analytical calculation.Trade Review"…researchers and students in organization science and computational organization theory will find it useful…informative reading for professionals and technical management personnel." (Computing Reviews.com, May 24, 2007)Table of ContentsForward. Preface. Contributors. 1. Introduction and Overview (W. Rouse & K. Boff). 2. Strategic Thinking Via Organizational Simulation (W. Rouse). 3. Using Organizational Simulation to Develop Unprecedented Systems (S. Cross). 4. The Learning Organization and Organizational Simulation (D. Andrews, et al.). 5. Requirements and Approaches For Modeling Individuals Within Organizational Simulations (E. Hudlicka & G. Zacharias). 6. Common Ground and Coordination in Joint Activity (G. Klein, et al.). 7. Modeling Team Performance: The Basic Ingredients and Research Needs (E. Salas, et al.). 8. National Differences in Teamwork (H. Klein & A. McHugh). 9. How Well Did It Work? Measuring Organizational Performance in Simulation Environments (J. MacMillan, et al.). 10. Technical and Conceptual Challenges in Organizational Simulation (L. McGinnis). 11. Narrative Abstraction For Organizational Simulations (J. Murray). 12. Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation of Socio-Technical Systems (A. Shah & A. Pritchett). 13. Executable Models of Decision Making Organizations (A. Levis). 14. Organizational Design and Assessment in Cyber-Space (K. Carley). 15. Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications to Organizational Simulation (S. Cross & S. Fouse). 16. Simulating Humans (I. Essa & A. Bobick). 17. Modeling Crowd Behavior For Military Simulation Applications (R. Loftin, et al.). 18. Application of Immersive Technology For Next Generation Simulation (R. Lindheim & J. Korris). 19. From Viz-Sim to VR to Games: How We Build a Hit Game-Based Simulation (M. Zyda, et al.). 20. Distributed Simulation and the High Level Architecture (R. Fujimoto). 21. Harnessing the Hive: Innovation as a Distributed Function in The Online Game Community (J. Herz). Author Index. Subject Index.
£121.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Mobile Internetworking with IPv6 Concepts
Book SynopsisMobile Internetworking with IPv6 presents Mobile Internetworking concepts, principles, and practices. It describes how Mobile IPv6, an Internet Standard, provides a foundation for a Mobile Internet. The Mobile IPv6 is not only a new design but also includes enhancements such as Route Optimization as an integral part of the specification.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. Acronyms. Part I Introduction and Background. 1 Mobility on the Internet: Introduction. 2 IP Version. 3 IP Security. Part II IP Mobility. 4 Mobility Concepts and Principles. 5 Mobility Support Using Mobile IP. 6 Mobile IPv6 Protocol. 7 Binding Cache Management. 8 Return Routability. 9 IP Security for Mobile Nodes and their Home Agents. 10 Packet Handling. 11 Movement Detection. 12 Dynamic Home Agent Discovery. 13 Network Mobility. Part III Advanced Mobility Protocols. 14 Fast Handovers. 15 Fast Handovers Protocol. 16 Context Transfers. 17 Hierarchical Mobility Management.Part IV Applying IP Mobility. 18 Mobile IPv6 in CDMA Packet Data Networks. 19 Enterprise Mobile Networking. 20 Fast Handover in a Wireless LAN. Part V Emerging Topics in IP Mobility. 21 Multiaccess and Mobility. 22 Seamless Handovers. 23 Location Privacy and IP Mobility. 24 Route Optimization for Mobile IPv4 using Return Routability. References. Glossary. Index.
£99.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Learning from Data
Book SynopsisAn interdisciplinary framework for learning methodologiescovering statistics, neural networks, and fuzzy logic, this book provides a unified treatment of the principles and methods for learning dependencies from data. It establishes a general conceptual framework in which various learning methods from statistics, neural networks, and fuzzy logic can be appliedshowing that a few fundamental principles underlie most new methods being proposed today in statistics, engineering, and computer science. Complete with over one hundred illustrations, case studies, and examples making this an invaluable text.Trade Review"I think Learning From Data is a very valuable volume. I will recommend it to my graduate students." (Journal of the American Statistical Association, March 2009) "The broad spectrum of information it offers is beneficial to many field of research. The selection of topics is good, and I believe that many researchers and practioners will find this book useful." (Technometrics, May 2008) "The authors have succeeded in summarizing some of the recent trends and future challenges in different learning methods, including enabling technologies and some interesting practical applications." (Computing Reviews, May 22, 2008)Table of ContentsPREFACE. NOTATION. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Learning and Statistical Estimation. 1.2 Statistical Dependency and Causality. 1.3 Characterization of Variables. 1.4 Characterization of Uncertainty. 1.5 Predictive Learning versus Other Data Analytical Methodologies. 2 Problem Statement, Classical Approaches, and Adaptive Learning. 2.1 Formulation of the Learning Problem. 2.1.1 Objective of Learning. 2.1.2 Common Learning Tasks. 2.1.3 Scope of the Learning Problem Formulation. 2.2 Classical Approaches. 2.2.1 Density Estimation. 2.2.2 Classification. 2.2.3 Regression. 2.2.4 Solving Problems with Finite Data. 2.2.5 Nonparametric Methods. 2.2.6 Stochastic Approximation. 2.3 Adaptive Learning: Concepts and Inductive Principles. 2.3.1 Philosophy, Major Concepts, and Issues. 2.3.2 A Priori Knowledge and Model Complexity. 2.3.3 Inductive Principles. 2.3.4 Alternative Learning Formulations. 2.4 Summary. 3 Regularization Framework. 3.1 Curse and Complexity of Dimensionality. 3.2 Function Approximation and Characterization of Complexity. 3.3 Penalization. 3.3.1 Parametric Penalties. 3.3.2 Nonparametric Penalties. 3.4 Model Selection (Complexity Control). 3.4.1 Analytical Model Selection Criteria. 3.4.2 Model Selection via Resampling. 3.4.3 Bias–Variance Tradeoff. 3.4.4 Example of Model Selection. 3.4.5 Function Approximation versus Predictive Learning. 3.5 Summary. 4 Statistical Learning Theory. 4.1 Conditions for Consistency and Convergence of ERM. 4.2 Growth Function and VC Dimension. 4.2.1 VC Dimension for Classification and Regression Problems. 4.2.2 Examples of Calculating VC Dimension. 4.3 Bounds on the Generalization. 4.3.1 Classification. 4.3.2 Regression. 4.3.3 Generalization Bounds and Sampling Theorem. 4.4 Structural Risk Minimization. 4.4.1 Dictionary Representation. 4.4.2 Feature Selection. 4.4.3 Penalization Formulation. 4.4.4 Input Preprocessing. 4.4.5 Initial Conditions for Training Algorithm. 4.5 Comparisons of Model Selection for Regression. 4.5.1 Model Selection for Linear Estimators. 4.5.2 Model Selection for k-Nearest-Neighbor Regression. 4.5.3 Model Selection for Linear Subset Regression. 4.5.4 Discussion. 4.6 Measuring the VC Dimension. 4.7 VC Dimension, Occam’s Razor, and Popper’s Falsifiability. 4.8 Summary and Discussion. 5 Nonlinear Optimization Strategies. 5.1 Stochastic Approximation Methods. 5.1.1 Linear Parameter Estimation. 5.1.2 Backpropagation Training of MLP Networks. 5.2 Iterative Methods. 5.2.1 EM Methods for Density Estimation. 5.2.2 Generalized Inverse Training of MLP Networks. 5.3 Greedy Optimization. 5.3.1 Neural Network Construction Algorithms. 5.3.2 Classification and Regression Trees. 5.4 Feature Selection, Optimization, and Statistical Learning Theory. 5.5 Summary. 6 Methods for Data Reduction and Dimensionality Reduction. 6.1 Vector Quantization and Clustering. 6.1.1 Optimal Source Coding in Vector Quantization. 6.1.2 Generalized Lloyd Algorithm. 6.1.3 Clustering. 6.1.4 EM Algorithm for VQ and Clustering. 6.1.5 Fuzzy Clustering. 6.2 Dimensionality Reduction: Statistical Methods. 6.2.1 Linear Principal Components. 6.2.2 Principal Curves and Surfaces. 6.2.3 Multidimensional Scaling. 6.3 Dimensionality Reduction: Neural Network Methods. 6.3.1 Discrete Principal Curves and Self-Organizing Map Algorithm. 6.3.2 Statistical Interpretation of the SOM Method. 6.3.3 Flow-Through Version of the SOM and Learning Rate Schedules. 6.3.4 SOM Applications and Modifications. 6.3.5 Self-Supervised MLP. 6.4 Methods for Multivariate Data Analysis. 6.4.1 Factor Analysis. 6.4.2 Independent Component Analysis. 6.5 Summary. 7 Methods for Regression. 7.1 Taxonomy: Dictionary versus Kernel Representation. 7.2 Linear Estimators. 7.2.1 Estimation of Linear Models and Equivalence of Representations. 7.2.2 Analytic Form of Cross-Validation. 7.2.3 Estimating Complexity of Penalized Linear Models. 7.2.4 Nonadaptive Methods. 7.3 Adaptive Dictionary Methods. 7.3.1 Additive Methods and Projection Pursuit Regression. 7.3.2 Multilayer Perceptrons and Backpropagation. 7.3.3 Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines. 7.3.4 Orthogonal Basis Functions and Wavelet Signal Denoising. 7.4 Adaptive Kernel Methods and Local Risk Minimization. 7.4.1 Generalized Memory-Based Learning. 7.4.2 Constrained Topological Mapping. 7.5 Empirical Studies. 7.5.1 Predicting Net Asset Value (NAV) of Mutual Funds. 7.5.2 Comparison of Adaptive Methods for Regression. 7.6 Combining Predictive Models. 7.7 Summary. 8 Classification. 8.1 Statistical Learning Theory Formulation. 8.2 Classical Formulation. 8.2.1 Statistical Decision Theory. 8.2.2 Fisher’s Linear Discriminant Analysis. 8.3 Methods for Classification. 8.3.1 Regression-Based Methods. 8.3.2 Tree-Based Methods. 8.3.3 Nearest-Neighbor and Prototype Methods. 8.3.4 Empirical Comparisons. 8.4 Combining Methods and Boosting. 8.4.1 Boosting as an Additive Model. 8.4.2 Boosting for Regression Problems. 8.5 Summary. 9 Support Vector Machines. 9.1 Motivation for Margin-Based Loss. 9.2 Margin-Based Loss, Robustness, and Complexity Control. 9.3 Optimal Separating Hyperplane. 9.4 High-Dimensional Mapping and Inner Product Kernels. 9.5 Support Vector Machine for Classification. 9.6 Support Vector Implementations. 9.7 Support Vector Regression. 9.8 SVM Model Selection. 9.9 Support Vector Machines and Regularization. 9.10 Single-Class SVM and Novelty Detection. 9.11 Summary and Discussion. 10 Noninductive Inference and Alternative Learning Formulations. 10.1 Sparse High-Dimensional Data. 10.2 Transduction. 10.3 Inference Through Contradictions. 10.4 Multiple-Model Estimation. 10.5 Summary. 11 Concluding Remarks. Appendix A: Review of Nonlinear Optimization. Appendix B: Eigenvalues and Singular Value Decomposition. References. Index.
£126.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc Axiomatic Quality
Book SynopsisThe first book to integrate axiomatic design and robust design for a comprehensive quality approach As the adoption of quality methods grows across various industries, its implementation is challenged by situations where statistical tools are inadequate, yet the earlier a proactive quality system is introduced into a given process, the greater the payback these methods will yield. Axiomatic Quality brings together two well-established theories, axiomatic design and robust design, to eliminate or reduce both conceptual and operational weaknesses. Providing a complete framework for immediate implementation, this book guides design teams in producing systems that operate at high-quality levels for each of their design requirements. And it shows the way towards achieving the Six-Sigma target--six times the standard deviation contained between the target and each side of the specification limits--for each requirement. This book develops an aggressive aTable of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction. Chapter 2. Axiomatic Design Method. Chapter 3. The Independence Axiom. Chapter 4. The Information Axiom and Design Complexity. Chapter 5. Quality Engineering: An Axiomatic Perspective. Chapter 6. The Axiomatic Quality & Reliability Process. Chapter 7. Axiomatic Quality Process Concept Selection Process. Chapter 8. The Conceptual Design for Capability (CDFC) Phase. Chapter 9. Axiomatic Quality Optimization Phase. Chapter 10. The Low Pass Filter Axiomatic Quality Case Study. Chapter 11. The Axiomatic Reliability. Appendices.
£121.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Road Map to Software Engineering
Book SynopsisThis book presents describes in detail each of the 40 software and systems engineering standards contained in the collection of the IEEE. The book is organized to allow users to quickly pinpoint a subject of interest, find an overall description of the subject, and obtain a clear explanation of best-practice standards for that subject.Trade Review"If there were anything else the reader would want from this book, I cannot contemplate what that might be." (Software Quality Professional, September 2007) "Moore's book is exactly what his title says...consider it a valuable index and commentary—the Cliff Notes" for IEEE standards." (CHOICE, June 2006) "For readers who want a book about standards and how they can be used in a software engineering context, this is the book to have." (Software Quality Professional, June 2006) "...an excellent source for [software engineering practitioners]...helping them to locate the standards pertinent to questions they face in real projects." (Computing Reviews.com, May 22, 2006)Table of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. Preface. PART I: BACKGROUND. Chapter 1. Introduction. Chapter 2. Standards-Makers. Chapter 3. Principles of the S2ESC Collection. Chapter 4. Organizing a Standards Collection. PART II: A KNOWLEDGE-ORIENTED VIEW. Chapter 5. Overview of the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge. Chapter 6. Knowledge Area: Software Requirements. Chapter 7. Knowledge Area: Software Design. Chapter 8. Knowledge Area: Software Construction. Chapter 9. Knowledge Area: Software Testing. Chapter 10. Knowledge Area: Software Maintenance. Chapter 11. Knowledge Area: Software Configuration Management. Chapter 12. Knowledge Area: Software Engineering Management. Chapter 13. Knowledge Area: Software Engineering Process. Chapter 14. Knowledge Area: Software Engineering Tools and Methods. Chapter 15. Knowledge Area: Software Quality. Chapter 16. Related Disciplines. Chapter 17. Other IEEE Software Engineering Standards. PART 3: A PROCESS-ORIENTED VIEW. Chapter 18. History and Concepts. Chapter 19. Software Life Cycle Processes. Chapter 20. System Life Cycle Processes. Appendix A: Standards Described in This Book. Appendix B: Abbreviations and Acronyms. Bibliography. Index.
£84.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Modern Microwave and MillimeterWave Power
Book SynopsisA comprehensive study of microwave vacuum electronic devices and their current and future applications While both vacuum and solid-state electronics continue to evolve and provide unique solutions, emerging commercial and military applications that call for higher power and higher frequencies to accommodate massive volumes of transmitted data are the natural domain of vacuum electronics technology. Modern Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Power Electronics provides systems designers, engineers, and researchers-especially those with primarily solid-state training-with a thoroughly up-to-date survey of the rich field of microwave vacuum electronic device (MVED) technology. This book familiarizes the R&D and academic communities with the capabilities and limitations of MVED and highlights the exciting scientific breakthroughs of the past decade that are dramatically increasing the compactness, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reliability of this entire class of devices.Trade Review"...a very good up to date survey on the status of microwave power electronics covering a lot of technical details. Scientists and researchers in vacuum electronic devices will certainly like to have this book." (IEEE Circuits & Devices Magazine, November/December 2006) "Expected to be in high demand due to its specialized in-depth coverage and easy to read style, plus the fact that little else is out there on this in one volume." (E-STREAMS, November 2006)Table of ContentsDedication. Foreword by Baruch Levush. Preface. Acknowledgements. List of Contributors. List of Acronyms and Abbreviations. Chapter 1. Introduction and Overview. Chapter 2. Historical Highlights. Chapter 3. Klystrons. Chapter 4. Traveling Waves Tubes (TWTs). Chapter 5. Gyro-Amplifiers. Chapter 6. Crossed-Field Devices. Chapter 7. Microfabricated MVEDs. Chapter 8. Advanced Electron Beam Sources. Chapter 9. How to Achieve Linear Amplification. Chapter 10. Computational Modeling. Chapter 11. Next-Generation Microwave Structures and Circuits. Chapter 12. Advanced Materials Technologies for MVEDs. Chapter 13. High Power Microwave (HPM) Sources. Chapter 14. Affordable Manufacturing. Chapter 15. Emerging Applications and Future Possibilities. Index. About the Editors. Appendices.
£179.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Modern Industrial Automation Software Design
Book Synopsis The main subjects in this book relate to software development using cutting-edge technologies for real-world industrial automation applications A hands-on approach to applying a wide variety of emerging technologies to modern industrial practice problems Explains key concepts through clear examples, ranging from simple to more complex problem domains, and all based on real-world industrial problems A useful reference book for practicing engineers as well as an updated resource book for researchers Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. Acroyms. Part I. Design Principles of Modern Industrial Automation Systems. 1. Introduction. 2. Virtual Instrumentation. 3. Component-Based Measurement Systems. 4. Object-Oriented Software Engineering. 5. Graphical User Interface Design. 6. Database Management. 7. Software Testing. Part II. Real-World Applications. 8. Overview. 9. An Object-Oriented Reconfigurable Software. 10. Flexible Measurement Point Management. 11. A Blending System Using Multithreaded Programming. 12. A Flexible Automatic Test System for Rotating Turbine Machinery. 13. An Internet-Based Online Real-Time Condition Monitoring System. 14. Epilog. Index.
£109.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Modeling and High Performance Control of Electric
Book SynopsisModeling and High Performance Control of Electric Machines introduces you to both the modeling and control of electric machines. The direct current (DC) machine and the alternating current (AC) machines (induction, PM synchronous, and BLDC) are all covered in detail. The author emphasizes control techniques used for high-performance applications, specifically ones that require both rapid and precise control of position, speed, or torque. You''ll discover how to derive mathematical models of the machines, and how the resulting models can be used to design control algorithms that achieve high performance. Graduate students studying power and control as well as practicing engineers in industry will find this a highly readable text on the operation, modeling, and control of electric machines. An Instructor''s Manual presenting detailed solutions to all the problems in the book is available from the Wiley editorial department.Instructor Support materials are also available. Email IAline@Table of ContentsPART I: DC MACHINES, CONTROLS AND MAGNETICS. 1. The Physics of the DC Motor. 2.Feedback Control. 3. Magnetic Fields and Materials. PART II: AC MACHINE THEORY. 4. Rotating Magnetic Fields. 5. The Physics of AC Machines. 6. Mathematical Models of AC Machines. 7. Symmetric Balanced Three-Phase AC Machines. 8. Induction Motor Control. 9. PM Synchronous Motor Control. 10. Trapezoidal Back-Emf PM Synchronous Motors (BLDC). Appendix: Trigonometric Table and Identities. References. Index.
£132.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Logically Determined Design
Book SynopsisThis seminal book presents a new logically determined design methodology for designing clockless circuit systems. The book presents the foundations, architectures and methodologies to implement such systems. Based on logical relationships, it concentrates on digital circuit system complexity and productivity to allow for more reliable, faster and cheaper products. * Transcends shortcomings of Boolean logic. * Presents theoritical foundations, architecture and analysis of clockless (asynchronous) circuit design. * Contains examples and exercises making it ideal for those studying the area.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. 1. Trusting Logic. 1.1 Mathematicianless Enlivenment of Logic Expression. 1.2 Emulating the Mathematician. 1.3 Supplementing the Expressivity of Boolean Logic. 1.4 Defining a Sufficiently Expressive Logic. 1.5 The Logically Determined System. 1.6 Trusting the Logic: A Methodology of Logical Confidence. 1.7 Summary. 1.8 Exercises. 2. A Sufficiently Expressive Logic. 2.1 Searching for a New Logic. 2.2 Deriving a 3 Value Logic. 2.3 Deriving a 2 Value Logic. 2.4 Compromising Logical Completeness. 2.5 Summary. 3. The Structure of Logically Determined Systems. 3.1 The Cycle. 3.2 Basic Pipeline Structures. 3.3 Control Variables and Wavefront Steering. 3.4 The Logically Determined System. 3.5 Initialization. 3.6 Testing. 3.7 Summary. 3.8 Exercises. 4. 2NCL Combinational Expression. 4.1 Function Classification. 4.2 The Library of 2NCL Operators. 4.3 2NCL Combinational Expression. 4.4 Example 1: Binary Plus Trinary to Quaternary Adder. 4.5 Example 2: Logic Unit. 4.6 Example 3: Minterm Construction. 4.7 Example 4: A Binary Clipper. 4.8 Example 5: A Code Detector. 4.9 Completeness Sufficiency. 4.10 Greater Combinational Composition. 4.11 Directly Mapping Boolean Combinational Expressions. 4.12 Summary. 4.13 Exercises. 5. Cycle Granularity. 5.1 Partitioning Combinational Expressions. 5.2 Partitioning the Data Path. 5.3 Two-dimensional Pipelining: Orthogonal Pipelining Across a Data Path. 5.4 2D Wavefront Behavior. 5.5 2D Pipelined Operations. 5.6 Summary. 5.7 Exercises. 6. Memory Elements. 6.1 The Ring Register. 6.2 Complex Function Registers. 6.3 The Consume/Produce Register Structure. 6.4 The Register File. 6.5 Delay Pipeline Memory. 6.6 Delay Tower. 6.7 FIFO Tower. 6.8 Stack Tower. 6.9 Wrapper for Standard Memory Modules. 6.10 Exercises. 7. State Machines. 7.1 Basic State Machine Structure. 7.2 Exercises. 8. Busses and Networks. 8.1 The Bus. 8.2 A Fan-out Steering Tree. 8.3 Fan-in Steering Trees Do Not Work. 8.4 Arbitrated Steering Structures. 8.5 Concurrent Crossbar Network. 8.6 Exercises. 9. Multi-value Numeric Design. 9.1 Numeric Representation. 9.2 A Quaternary ALU. 9.3 A Binary ALU. 9.4 Comparison. 9.5 Summary. 9.6 Exercises. 10. The Shadow Model of Pipeline Behavior. 10.1 Pipeline Structure. 10.2 The Pipeline Simulation Model. 10.3 Delays Affecting Throughput. 10.4 The Shadow Model. 10.5 The Value of the Shadow Model. 10.6 Exercises. 11. Pipeline Buffering. 11.1 Enhancing Throughput. 11.2 Buffering for Constant Rate Throughput. 11.3 Summary of Buffering. 11.4 Exercises. 12. Ring Behavior. 12.1 The Pipeline Ring. 12.2 Wavefront-limited Ring Behavior. 12.3 The Cycle-to-Wavefront Ratio. 12.4 Ring Signal Behavior. 13. Interacting Pipeline Structures. 13.1 Preliminaries. 13.2 Example 1: The Basics of a Two-pipeline Structure. 13.3 Example 2: A Wavefront Delay Structure. 13.4 Example 3: Reducing the Period of the Slowest Cycle. 13.5 Exercises. 14. Complex Pipeline Structures. 14.1 Linear Feedback Shift Register Example. 14.2 Grafting Pipelines. 14.3 The LFSR with a Slow Cycle. 14.4 Summary. 14.5 Exercises. Appendix A: Logically Determined Wavefront Flow. A.1 Synchronization. A.2 Wavefronts and Bubbles. A.3 Wavefront Propagation. A.4 Extended Simulation of Wavefront Flow. A.5 Wavefront and Bubble Behavior in a System. Appendix B: Playing with 2NCL. B.1 The SR Flip-flop Implementations. B.2 Initialization. B.3 Auto-produce and Auto-consume. Appendix C: Pipeline Simulation. References. Index.
£125.96
John Wiley & Sons Inc Optical Switching 172 Wiley Series in Microwave
Book SynopsisWhile much has been published on the subject in individual articles, this text is the first to cohesively present optical switching in a single book. The three authors examine and discuss all the challenges involved in the commercialization of optical switching.Table of ContentsPREFACE. ABOUT THE AUTHORS. 1 Introduction. 1.1 The Evolution of Optical Networks. 1.1.1 Broadcast-and-Select Networks. 1.1.2 Wavelength-Routed Networks. 1.2 View of the Current Network. 1.3 Optical Networking. 1.4 Switching in Optical Networks. 1.4.1 Optical Switching. 1.4.2 Opaque Switching. 1.4.3 Challenges for Optical Switching. 1.5 Optical Switching Paradigms. References. 2 Optical Switches. 2.1 Parameters Used for Switch Performance Evaluation. 2.2 Applications of Optical Switches. 2.2.1 Optical Crossconnects. 2.2.2 Protection and Restoration. 2.2.3 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing. 2.2.4 Optical Signal Monitoring. 2.2.5 Network Provisioning. 2.3 Optical Switch Fabrics. 2.3.1 Optomechanical Switches. 2.3.2 Optical Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (Optical MEMS). 2.3.3 Electro-Optic Switches. 2.3.4 Thermo-Optic Switches. 2.3.5 Liquid-Crystal Switches. 2.3.6 Bubble Switches. 2.3.7 Acousto-Optic Switches. 2.3.8 Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Switches. 2.3.9 All-Optical Switches. 2.4 Building Large Switches. References. 3 Optical Packet Switching. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Design Alternatives for Optical Packet Switches. 3.2.1 Synchronous versus Asynchronous Optical Packet Switching. 3.2.2 Header Format, Transmission, and Processing. 3.2.3 Electronic versus Optical Control. 3.2.4 Optical Switch Fabric Technology and Architecture. 3.3 Enabling Technologies for Optical Packet Switching. 3.3.1 All-Optical 3R Regeneration. 3.3.2 All-Optical Packet Delineation and Synchronization. 3.3.3 All-Optical Signal Processing. 3.3.4 All-Optical Buffering. 3.3.5 All-Optical Packet Switch Fabrics. 3.3.6 All-Optical Wavelength Conversion. 3.4 General Architecture of an Optical Packet Switch. 3.5 Wavelength Conversion in Optical Packet Switching. 3.5.1 Limited Range Wavelength Converters. 3.6 Contention Resolution in Optical Packet Switches. 3.6.1 Buffering. 3.6.2 Deflection Routing. 3.6.3 Discussion. 3.7 Quality of Service Support. 3.8 Optical Packet Switch Architectures. 3.8.1 KEOPS. 3.8.2 WASPNET. 3.8.3 The Data-Vortex Packet Switch. 3.9 Metropolitan Area Packet Switched Networks. 3.9.1 The HORNET Project. 3.9.2 The DAVID Project. 3.9.3 The RingO Project. References. 4 Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Multiprotocol Label Switching. 4.2.1 MPLS Operation. 4.2.2 Label Distribution. 4.2.3 Traffic Engineering. 4.2.4 Constraint-Based Routing. 4.2.5 Extensions to Routing Protocols. 4.2.6 Extensions to Signaling Protocols. 4.3 Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching. 4.3.1 Introduction. 4.3.2 Overview of GMPLS. 4.3.3 Fundamental GMPLS Features. 4.4 The GMPLS Protocol Suite. 4.4.1 Routing Protocols. 4.4.2 Signaling Protocols. 4.4.3 Link Management Protocol. 4.5 Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON). 4.5.1 The ASON Architecture. 4.5.2 ASON and GMPLS. References. 5 Optical Burst Switching. 5.1 Network and Node Architecture. 5.1.1 Wavelength-Routed Optical Burst Switched Networks. 5.1.2 Labeled Optical Burst Switching. 5.2 Burst Assembly. 5.2.1 Burst Assembly Algorithms. 5.2.2 Predictive Assembly Algorithms. 5.3 Signaling. 5.3.1 The JumpStart Signaling Architecture. 5.4 Routing and Wavelength Assignment in OBS Networks. 5.4.1 Routing. 5.4.2 Wavelength Assignment. 5.5 Burst Scheduling. 5.5.1 Scheduling Algorithms Without Void Filling. 5.5.2 Scheduling Algorithms with Void Filling. 5.5.3 Efficient Implementations of Scheduling Algorithms. 5.5.4 Other Approaches to Burst Scheduling. 5.6 Contention Resolution. 5.6.1 Deflection Routing in OBS Networks. 5.6.2 Burst Segmentation. 5.6.3 Prioritized Contention Resolution. 5.7 Quality of Service Support. 5.7.1 Offset-Based QoS. 5.7.2 Other Schemes for QoS Support. 5.8 Protection and Restoration. 5.8.1 1þ1 Protection in OBS Networks. 5.8.2 Restoration via Deflection Routing. 5.8.3 Reliability in OBS Networks. 5.9 Multicasting. References. INDEX.
£97.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Statistical Intervals
Book SynopsisStatistical Intervals is a guide for practitioners and researchers--providing a detailed, comprehensive, modernized treatment of this important subject. With numerous examples, it presents and differentiates in an easy-to-apply manner the use of confidence intervals (e.g.Table of ContentsPreface to Second Edition iii Preface to First Edition vii Acknowledgments x 1 Introduction, Basic Concepts, and Assumptions 1 1.1 Statistical Inference 2 1.2 Different Types of Statistical Intervals: An Overview 2 1.3 The Assumption of Sample Data 3 1.4 The Central Role of Practical Assumptions Concerning Representative Data 4 1.5 Enumerative Versus Analytic Studies 5 1.6 Basic Assumptions for Enumerative Studies 7 1.7 Considerations in the Conduct of Analytic Studies 10 1.8 Convenience and Judgment Samples 11 1.9 Sampling People 12 1.10 Infinite Population Assumptions 13 1.11 Practical Assumptions: Overview 14 1.12 Practical Assumptions: Further Example 14 1.13 Planning the Study 17 1.14 The Role of Statistical Distributions 17 1.15 The Interpretation of Statistical Intervals 18 1.16 Statistical Intervals and Big Data 19 1.17 Comment Concerning Subsequent Discussion 19 2 Overview of Different Types of Statistical Intervals 21 2.1 Choice of a Statistical Interval 21 2.2 Confidence Intervals 23 2.3 Prediction Intervals 24 2.4 Statistical Tolerance Intervals 26 2.5 Which Statistical Interval Do I Use? 27 2.6 Choosing a Confidence Level 28 2.7 Two-Sided Statistical Intervals Versus One-Sided Statistical Bounds 29 2.8 The Advantage of Using Confidence Intervals Instead of Significance Tests 30 2.9 Simultaneous Statistical Intervals 31 3 Constructing Statistical Intervals Assuming a Normal Distribution Using Simple Tabulations 33 3.1 Introduction 34 3.2 Circuit Pack Voltage Output Example 35 3.3 Two-Sided Statistical Intervals 36 3.4 One-Sided Statistical Bounds 38 4 Methods for Calculating Statistical Intervals for a Normal Distribution 43 4.1 Notation 44 4.2 Confidence Interval for the Mean of a Normal Distribution 45 4.3 Confidence Interval for the Standard Deviation of a Normal Distribution 45 4.4 Confidence Interval for a Normal Distribution Quantile 46 4.5 Confidence Interval for the Distribution Proportion Less (Greater) Than a Specified Value 47 4.6 Statistical Tolerance Intervals 48 4.7 Prediction Interval to Contain a Single Future Observation or the Mean of m Future Observations 50 4.8 Prediction Interval to Contain at least k of m Future Observations 51 4.9 Prediction Interval to Contain the Standard Deviation of m Future Observations 52 4.10 The Assumption of a Normal Distribution 53 4.11 Assessing Distribution Normality and Dealing with Nonnormality 54 4.12 Data Transformations and Inferences from Transformed Data 57 4.13 Statistical Intervals for Linear Regression Analysis 60 4.14 Statistical Intervals for Comparing Populations and Processes 62 5 Distribution-Free Statistical Intervals 65 5.1 Introduction 66 5.2 Distribution-Free Confidence Intervals and One-Sided Confidence Bounds for a Quantile 68 5.3 Distribution-Free Tolerance Intervals and Bounds to Contain a Specified Proportion of a Distribution 78 5.4 Prediction Intervals to Contain a Specified Ordered Observation in a Future Sample 81 5.5 Distribution-Free Prediction Intervals and Bounds to Contain at Least k of m Future Observations 84 6 Statistical Intervals for a Binomial Distribution 89 6.1 Introduction to Binomial Distribution Statistical Intervals 90 6.2 Confidence Intervals for the Actual Proportion Nonconforming in the Sampled Distribution 92 6.3 Confidence Interval for the Proportion of Nonconforming Units in a Finite Population 102 6.4 Confidence Intervals for the Probability that the Number of Nonconforming Units in a Sample is Less than or Equal to (or Greater than) a Specified Number 104 6.5 Confidence Intervals for the Quantile of the Distribution of the Number of Nonconforming Units 105 6.6 Tolerance Intervals and One-Sided Tolerance Bounds for the Distribution of the Number of Nonconforming Units 107 6.7 Prediction Intervals for the Number Nonconforming in a Future Sample 108 7 Statistical Intervals for a Poisson Distribution 115 7.1 Introduction 116 7.2 Confidence Intervals for the Event-Occurrence Rate of a Poisson Distribution 117 7.3 Confidence Intervals for the Probability that the Number of Events in a Specified Amount of Exposure is Less than or Equal to (or Greater than) a Specified Number 124 7.4 Confidence Intervals for the Quantile of the Distribution of the Number of Events in a Specified Amount of Exposure 125 7.5 Tolerance Intervals and One-Sided Tolerance Bounds for the Distribution of the Number of Events in a Specified Amount of Exposure 127 7.6 Prediction Intervals for the Number of Events in a Future Amount of Exposure 128 8 Sample Size Requirements for Confidence Intervals on Distribution Parameters 135 8.1 Basic Requirements for Sample Size Determination 136 8.2 Sample Size for a Confidence Interval for a Normal Distribution Mean 137 8.3 Sample Size to Estimate a Normal Distribution Standard Deviation 141 8.4 Sample Size to Estimate a Normal Distribution Quantile 143 8.5 Sample Size to Estimate a Binomial Proportion 143 8.6 Sample Size to Estimate a Poisson Occurrence Rate 144 9 Sample Size Requirements for Tolerance Intervals, Tolerance Bounds, and Related Demonstration Tests 148 9.1 Sample Size for Normal Distribution Tolerance Intervals and One-Sided Tolerance Bounds148 9.2 Sample Size to Pass a One-Sided Demonstration Test Based on Normally Distributed Measurements 150 9.3 Minimum Sample Size For Distribution-Free Two-Sided Tolerance Intervals and One-Sided Tolerance Bounds 152 9.4 Sample Size for Controlling the Precision of Two-Sided Distribution-Free Tolerance In-tervals and One-Sided Distribution-Free Tolerance Bounds 153 9.5 Sample Size to Demonstrate that a Binomial Proportion Exceeds (is Exceeded by) a Specified Value 154 10 Sample Size Requirements for Prediction Intervals 164 10.1 Prediction Interval Width: The Basic Idea 164 10.2 Sample Size for a Normal Distribution Prediction Interval 165 10.3 Sample Size for Distribution-Free Prediction Intervals for k of m Future Observations 170 11 Basic Case Studies 172 11.1 Demonstration that the Operating Temperature of Most Manufactured Devices will not Exceed a Specified Value 173 11.2 Forecasting Future Demand for Spare Parts 177 11.3 Estimating the Probability of Passing an Environmental Emissions Test 180 11.4 Planning a Demonstration Test to Verify that a Radar System has a Satisfactory Prob-ability of Detection 182 11.5 Estimating the Probability of Exceeding a Regulatory Limit 184 11.6 Estimating the Reliability of a Circuit Board 189 11.7 Using Sample Results to Estimate the Probability that a Demonstration Test will be Successful 191 11.8 Estimating the Proportion within Specifications for a Two-Variable Problem 194 11.9 Determining the Minimum Sample Size for a Demonstration Test 195 12 Likelihood-Based Statistical Intervals 197 12.1 Introduction to Likelihood-Based Inference 198 12.2 Likelihood Function and Maximum Likelihood Estimation 200 12.3 Likelihood-Based Confidence Intervals for Single-Parameter Distributions 203 12.4 Likelihood-Based Estimation Methods for Location-Scale and Log-Location-Scale Distri-butions 206 12.5 Likelihood-Based Confidence Intervals for Parameters and Scalar Functions of Parameters212 12.6 Wald-Approximation Confidence Intervals 216 12.7 Some Other Likelihood-Based Statistical Intervals 224 13 Nonparametric Bootstrap Statistical Intervals 226 13.1 Introduction 227 13.2 Nonparametric Methods for Generating Bootstrap Samples and Obtaining Bootstrap Estimates 227 13.3 Bootstrap Operational Considerations 231 13.4 Nonparametric Bootstrap Confidence Interval Methods 233 14 Parametric Bootstrap and Other Simulation-Based Statistical Intervals 245 14.1 Introduction 246 14.2 Parametric Bootstrap Samples and Bootstrap Estimates 247 14.3 Bootstrap Confidence Intervals Based on Pivotal Quantities 250 14.4 Generalized Pivotal Quantities 253 14.5 Simulation-Based Tolerance Intervals for Location-Scale or Log-Location-Scale Distribu-tions 258 14.6 Simulation-Based Prediction Intervals and One-Sided Prediction Bounds for k of m Fu-ture Observations from Location-Scale or Log-Location-Scale Distributions 260 14.7 Other Simulation and Bootstrap Methods and Application to Other Distributions and Models 263 15 Introduction to Bayesian Statistical Intervals 270 15.1 Bayesian Inference: Overview 271 15.2 Bayesian Inference: an Illustrative Example 274 15.3 More About Specification of a Prior Distribution 283 15.4 Implementing Bayesian Analyses Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulation 286 15.5 Bayesian Tolerance and Prediction Intervals 291 16 Bayesian Statistical Intervals for the Binomial, Poisson and Normal Distributions 297 16.1 Bayesian Intervals for the Binomial Distribution 298 16.2 Bayesian Intervals for the Poisson Distribution 306 16.3 Bayesian Intervals for the Normal Distribution 311 17 Statistical Intervals for Bayesian Hierarchical Models 321 17.1 Bayesian Hierarchical Models and Random Effects 322 17.2 Normal Distribution Hierarchical Models 323 17.3 Binomial Distribution Hierarchical Models 325 17.4 Poisson Distribution Hierarchical Models 328 17.5 Longitudinal Repeated Measures Models 329 18 Advanced Case Studies 335 18.1 Confidence Interval for the Proportion of Defective Integrated Circuits 336 18.2 Confidence Intervals for Components of Variance in a Measurement Process 339 18.3 Tolerance Interval to Characterize the Distribution of Process Output in the Presence of Measurement Error 344 18.4 Confidence Interval for the Proportion of Product Conforming to a Two-Sided Specification345 18.5 Confidence Interval for the Treatment Effect in a Marketing Campaign 348 18.6 Confidence Interval for the Probability of Detection with Limited Hit-Miss Data 349 18.7 Using Prior Information to Estimate the Service-Life Distribution of a Rocket Motor 353 Epilogue 357 A Notation and Acronyms 360 B Generic Definition of Statistical Intervals and Formulas for Computing Coverage Probabilities 367 B.1 Introduction 367 B.2 Two-sided Confidence Intervals and One-sided Confidence Bounds for Distribution Pa-rameters or a Function of Parameters 368 B.3 Two Sided Control-the-Center Tolerance Intervals to Contain at Least a Specified Pro-portion of a Distribution 371 B.4 Two Sided Tolerance Intervals to Control Both Tails of a Distribution 374 B.5 One-Sided Tolerance Bounds 377 B.6 Two-sided Prediction Intervals and One-Sided Prediction Bounds for Future Observations378 B.7 Two-Sided Simultaneous Prediction Intervals and One-Sided Simultaneous Prediction Bounds 381 B.8 Calibration of Statistical Intervals 383 C Useful Probability Distributions 384 C.1 Probability Distribution and R Computations 384 C.2 Important Characteristics of Random Variables 385 C.3 Continuous Distributions 388 C.4 Discrete Distributions 398 D General Results from Statistical Theory and Some Methods Used to Construct Sta-tistical Intervals 404 D.1 cdfs and pdfs of Functions of Random Variables 405 D.2 Statistical Error Propagation—The Delta Method 409 D.3 Likelihood and Fisher Information Matrices 410 D.4 Convergence in Distribution 413 D.5 Outline of General ML Theory 415 D.6 The CDF pivotal method for constructing confidence intervals 419 D.7 Bonferroni approximate statistical intervals 424 E Pivotal Methods for Constructing Parametric Statistical Intervals 427 E.1 General definition and examples of pivotal quantities 428 E.2 Pivotal Quantities for the Normal Distribution 428 E.3 Confidence intervals for a Normal Distribution Based on Pivotal Quantities 429 E.4 Confidence Intervals for Two Normal Distributions Based on Pivotal Quantities 432 E.5 Tolerance Intervals for a Normal Distribution Based on Pivotal Quantities 432 E.6 Normal Distribution Prediction Intervals Based on Pivotal Quantities 434 E.7 Pivotal Quantities for Log-Location-Scale Distributions 436 F Generalized Pivotal Quantities 440 F.1 Definition of Generalized Pivotal Quantities 440 F.2 A Substitution Method to Obtain GPQs 441 F.3 Examples of GPQs for Functions of Location-Scale Distribution Parameters 441 F.4 Conditions for Exact Intervals Derived from GPQs 443 G Distribution-Free Intervals Based on Order Statistics 446 G.1 Basic Statistical Results Used in this Appendix 446 G.2 Distribution-Free Confidence Intervals and Bounds for a Distribution Quantile 447 G.3 Distribution-Free Tolerance Intervals to Contain a Given Proportion of a Distribution 448 G.4 Distribution-Free Prediction Interval to Contain a Specified Ordered Observation From a Future Sample 449 G.5 Distribution-Free Prediction Intervals and Bounds to Contain at Least k of m Future Observations From a Future Sample 451 H Basic Results from Bayesian Inference Models 455 H.1 Basic Statistical Results Used in this Appendix 455 H.2 Bayes’ Theorem 456 H.3 Conjugate Prior Distributions 456 H.4 Jeffreys Prior Distributions 459 H.5 Posterior Predictive Distributions 463 H.6 Posterior Predictive Distributions Based on Jeffreys Prior Distributions 465 I Probability of Successful Demonstration 468 I.1 Demonstration Tests Based on a Normal Distribution Assumption 468 I.2 Distribution-Free Demonstration Tests 469 J Tables 471 References 508 Subject Index 525
£82.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc A Networking Approach to Grid Computing
Book SynopsisThe book explores practical advantages of Grid Computing and what is needed by an organization to migrate to this new computing paradigm.Trade Review"...a comprehensive book with substantial amount of information about grid computing...a great starting point for those who want to migrate to a grid computing system." (E-STREAMS, August 2005)Table of ContentsAbout the Author xiii Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 What Is Grid Computing And What Are The Key Issues? 1 1.2 Potential Applications and Financial Benefits of Grid Computing 10 1.3 Grid Types, Topologies, Components, and Layers— 13 A Preliminary View 1.4 Comparison with Other Approaches 21 1.5 A First Look at Grid Computing Standards 24 1.6 A Pragmatic Course of Investigation 27 2 Grid Benefits and Status of Technology 31 2.1 Motivations for Considering Computational Grids 31 2.2 Brief History of Computing, Communications, and Grid Computing 38 Communication 44 Computation 46 Grid Technology 47 2.3 Is Grid Computing Ready for Prime Time? 47 2.4 Early Suppliers and Vendors 51 2.5 Possible Economic Value 53 2.5.1 Possible Economic Value: One State’s Positioning 53 2.5.2 Possible Economic Value: Extrapolation 56 2.6 Challenges 56 3 Components of Grid Computing Systems and Architectures 63 3.1 Overview 63 3.2 Basic Constituent Elements—A Functional View 71 Portal/User Interface Function/Functional Block 85 The Grid Security Infrastructure: User Security 75 Function/Functional Block Node Security Function/Functional Block 76 Broker Function/Functional Block and Directory 76 Scheduler Function/Functional Block 77 Data Management Function/Functional Block 78 Job Management And Resource Management 78 Function/Functional Block User/Application Submission Function/Functional Block 79 Resources 79 Protocols 80 3.3 Basic Constituent Elements—A Physical View 81 Networks 81 Computation 84 Storage 85 Scientific Instruments 90 Software and licenses 91 3.4 Basic Constituent Elements—Service View 91 4 Standards Supporting Grid Computing: OGSI 101 4.1 Introduction 104 4.2 Motivations for Standardization 109 4.3 Architectural Constructs 113 4.3.1 Definitions 113 4.3.2 Protocol Perspective 115 4.3.3 Going From “Art” To “Science” 123 4.4 What is OGSA/OGSI? A Practical View 125 4.5 OGSA/OGSI Service Elements and Layered Model 129 4.5.1 Key Aspects 129 4.5.2 Ancillary Aspects 132 4.5.3 Implementations of OGSI 136 4.6 What is OGSA/OGSI? A More Detailed View 139 4.6.1 Introduction 139 4.6.2 Setting the Context 140 4.6.3 The Grid Service 145 4.6.4 WSDL Extensions and Conventions 145 4.6.5 Service Data 146 4.6.6 Core Grid Service Properties 149 4.6.7 Other Details 151 4.7 A Possible Application of OGSA/OGSI to Next-Generation 151 Open-Source Outsourcing 4.7.1 Opportunities 151 4.7.2 Outsourcing Trends 151 5 Standards Supporting Grid Computing: OGSA 155 5.1 Introduction 156 5.2 Functionality Requirements 158 5.2.1 Basic Functionality Requirements 159 5.2.2 Security Requirements 160 5.2.3 Resource Management Requirements 161 5.2.4 System Properties Requirements 162 5.2.5 Other Functionality Requirements 163 5.3 OGSA Service Taxonomy 164 5.3.1 Core Services 166 5.3.2 Data Services 168 5.3.3 Program Execution 169 5.3.4 Resource Management 173 5.4 Service Relationships 173 5.4.1 Service Composition 174 5.4.2 Service Orchestration 175 5.4.3 Types of Relationships 176 5.4.4 Platform Services 176 5.5 OGSA Services 177 5.5.1 Handle Resolution 177 5.5.2 Virtual Organization Creation and Management 178 5.5.3 Service Groups and Discovery Services 178 5.5.4 Choreography, Orchestrations and Workflow 180 5.5.5 Transactions 180 5.5.6 Metering Service 181 5.5.7 Rating Service 182 5.5.8 Accounting Service 182 5.5.9 Billing and Payment Service 182 5.5.10 Installation, Deployment, and Provisioning 183 5.5.11 Distributed Logging 183 5.5.12 Messaging and Queuing 184 5.5.13 Event 186 5.5.14 Policy and Agreements 187 5.5.15 Base Data Services 188 5.5.16 Other Data Services 190 5.5.17 Discovery Services 191 5.5.18 Job Agreement Service 192 5.5.19 Reservation Agreement Service 192 5.5.20 Data Access Agreement Service 193 5.5.21 Queuing Service 193 5.5.22 Open Grid Services Infrastructure 193 5.5.23 Common Management Model 195 5.6 Security Considerations 196 5.7 Examples of OGSA Mechanisms in Support of VO Structures 197 6 Grid System Deployment Issues, Approaches, and Tools 201 6.1 Generic Implementations: Globus Toolkit 201 6.1.1 Globus Toolkit tools and APIs 203 6.1.2 Details on Key Tookit Protocols 207 6.1.3 Globus Toolkit Version 3 213 6.1.4 Applications 216 6.2 Grid Computing Environments 217 6.2.1 Introduction 217 6.2.2 Portal Services 219 6.3 Basic Grid Deployment and Management Issues 220 6.3.1 Products Categories 221 6.3.2 Business Grid Types 221 6.3.3 Deploying a Basic Computing Grid 223 6.3.4 Deploying More Complex Computing Grids 224 6.3.5 Grid Networking Infrastucture Required for Deployment 226 6.3.6 Grid Operation—Basic Steps 230 6.3.7 Deployment Challenges and Approaches 231 6.4 Grid Security Details—Deployment Peace of Mind 234 6.4.1 Basic Approach and Mechanisms 234 6.4.2 Additional Perspectives 236 6.4.3 Conclusion 249 7 Grid System Economics 251 7.1 Introduction 252 7.2 Grid Economic Services Architecture 255 7.2.1 Introduction 255 7.2.2 Overview 256 7.2.3 The Chargeable Grid Service (CGS) 258 7.2.4 The Grid Payment System 267 7.2.5 GPSHold Service 274 7.2.6 The Grid CurrencyExchange Service 275 7.2.7 An Example 277 7.2.8 Security Considerations 280 8 Communication Systems for Local Grids 281 8.1 Introduction and Positioning 281 8.2 SAN-Related Technology 284 8.2.1 Fibre Channel Technology—Native Mode 285 8.2.2 Fibre Channel Technology—Tunneled Modes 298 8.3 LAN-Related Technology 303 8.3.1 Standards 303 8.3.2 Key concepts 307 9 Communication Systems for National Grids 313 9.1 Multilink Frame Relay 313 9.1.1 Motivations and Scope 315 9.1.2 Multilink Frame Relay Basics 319 9.2 MPLS Technology 321 9.2.1 Approaches 322 9.2.2 MPLS Operation 324 9.2.3 Key Mechanisms Supporting MPLS 328 9.2.4 Service Availability 332 10 Communication Systems for Global Grids 333 10.1 The Basics of Layer 2 and layer 3 VPNs 334 10.2 The Layer 3 Approach 334 10.3 Layer 2 MPLS VPNs-A Different Philosophy 336 10.4 Which Works Better Where? 337 10.5 A Grid Computing Application 338 References 339 Glossary 353 Index 365
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