Paediatric medicine Books

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Book SynopsisJIMD Reports publishes case and short research reports in the area of inherited metabolic disorders. Case reports highlight some unusual or previously unrecorded feature relevant to the disorder, or serve as an important reminder of clinical or biochemical features of a Mendelian disorder.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“Clearly the information is unique and appropriate for clinicians involved in the care of patients with inherited metabolic disorders. This is a good source of updated information on well-established clinical phenotypes as well newly described disorders. … JIMD is unique in its inclusion of clinical reports and short research reports, which makes it very attractive to busy clinicians wishing to publish their unique cases. It is a must-have in all metabolic clinics.” (Luis F. Escobar, Doody’s Book Reviews, May, 2014)Table of ContentsDifferent case studies.

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of this definitive guide for clinical care of adolescents builds upon the practical knowledge and guidance of the first edition, and expands into new subjects of adolescent care. The handbook is divided into three sections: general adolescent medicine, sexuality, and mental health, and contains relevant, practical knowledge, covering those areas most often seen in the practice of adolescent medicine.The MassGeneral Hospital for Children Adolescent Medicine Handbook, 2nd edition details best practices in regards to diagnostic evaluations and clinical care, but also instructs practitioners on the best methods to connect, communicate, and continue that care with adolescents, in order to provide optimal treatment, and instill healthy lifetime behaviors. Each chapter is written by clinicians who have been trained at, or are members of the staff of Massachusetts General Hospital, and this edition has nearly doubled the amount of skilled physician authors. While this title has been revised and updated, entirely new chapters devoted to hypertension, immunizations, breast disorders, HIV, and resilience have also been added, reflecting new and changing contributions to the field of adolescent medicine. This second edition brings together the practical, hands-on knowledge of the first edition, along with new information and additional subject areas to create a balanced, multi-specialty method to treating and engaging adolescent patients.Trade Review“In 29 chapters and 3 parts the authors, members of the staff of Mass General Hospital (MGH) or its trainees, review the physical and mental health issues in adolescence including sexuality. … There are many tables and illustrations, some in color. Clearly written. To pediatric interns, residents and practitioners. Highly recommended.” (Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews (PER), Vol. 14 (4), June, 2017)“The purpose is to provide primary care providers in all medical and surgical specialties who may care for adolescents with an overview of the basic, most frequent topics encountered in adolescent medicine. … The author has done a great job in meeting these objectives and this is a needed handbook for primary care providers. … This is an excellent resource for busy primary care providers who need a broad overview of the most commonly encountered adolescent medicine topics.” (Rachel Dawson, Doody’s Book Reviews, June, 2017)Table of ContentsPreface AcknowledgementsPART 1. GENERAL ADOLESCENT MEDICINE1. Adolescent Preventive Services 2. The Adolescent Patient Interview: Adolescent Confidentiality and Consent3. Pubertal Development4. Normal Adolescent Development 5. Male Genitourinary Exam6. The Pelvic Examination and Pap Smear in Adolescents and Young Adults7. Adolescent Dermatology 8. Obesity 9. Nutrition: Healthy Eating in Adolescence; Nutritional Supplements: Performance-Enhancing Drugs, and Dietary Supplements; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; and Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome10. Sports Injuries in the Adolescent11. Cardiac Issues in Adolescence 12. Hypertension in Adolescents13. ImmunizationsPART 2. SEXUALITY, GYNECOLOGY, AND ABNORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT14. Amenorrhea15. Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding16. Basics of Hormonal Contraception17. Adolescent Pregnancy18. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 19. Breast Disorders in Adolescence20. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) in Adolescents 21. HIV in Adolescents22. Delayed Puberty, Short Stature, and Tall StaturePART 3. MENTAL HEALTH AND TRANSITION OF CARE23. Adolescent Substance Use and Prevention 24. Adolescent Mental Health Disorders25. Eating Disorders26. Adolescent Relationship Abuse in Clinical Settings: Opportunities for Prevention and Intervention27. Bullying and Cyber Bullying 28. Nature, Nurture, Adolescents and Resilience29. Transition of Care APPENDIX

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Book SynopsisThe significant strides made during the past decade in neonatal medicine are based largely upon the provision of intensive perinatal care to the parturient, her fetus, and the newborn. In addition to technologic advances in the bioelec- tronic monitoring of the fetus and newborn, the introduction of noninvasive methods to monitor oxygenation, the pharma- cologic manipulation ofthe ductus arteriosus and pulmonary vasculature, and the use of ultrasonographic diagnosis of congenital heart defects and other lesions, intensive efforts by neonatal specialists throughout the world have also contri- buted to the decline in neonatal and infant mortality. Professors Wille and Obladen have provided an authoritative manual outlining intensive care of newborns and the ways in which the science of neonatal medicine, the technology of the 1980 s, and the art of application have resulted in the practice of neonatal intensive care at the Kinderklinik of the University of Heidelberg. The English translation resulted from the success of the German edition and will serve well the needs of the English-speaking student and practitioner of neonatal intensive care. T. Allen Merrit, M. D.Table of Contents1. Practical Management of High-Risk Newborns.- Evaluation and Treatment of the Newborn Immediately After Birth.- 1.1 Predisposing Risk Factors.- 1.2 Diagnosis of Postpartum Condition.- 1.3 Classification of Asphyxia.- 1.4 Primary Care and Resuscitation.- 1.5 Assessment of Gestational Age.- 1.5.1 Definitions.- 1.5.2 Requirements for Assessment of Gestational Age.- 1.5.3 Criteria for Assessment of Gestational Age.- 1.6 Intrauterine Growth Curves.- 1.7 Differentiation Between Preterm and Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants.- 1.8 Determining the Stage of Dysmaturity.- 1.9 Main Symptoms During the First Days of Life.- 1.1 References.- 2 Transport of High-Risk Newborns.- 2.1 Indications for Transfer.- 2.2 Informations Prior to Transport.- 2.3 Organization and Conduct of the Transport.- 2.4 Equipment of a Mobile Intensive Care Unit.- 2.5 Contents of the Emergency Kit.- 2.6 Measures Following Transport.- 2.2 References.- 3 Patient Supervision.- 3.1 Pulse and Heart Rate.- 3.2 Variance of the Heart Rate.- 3.3 Respiration.- 3.4 Temperature.- 3.4.1 Servocontrol.- 3.4.2 Temperature Monitoring.- 3.4.3 Intermittent Manual Measurement.- 3.4.4 Incubator Temperature.- 3.5 Blood Pressure.- 3.5.1 Flush Method.- 3.5.2 Detection of Pulse Waves or Vascular Movements with Ultrasound.- 3.5.3 Direct Measurement.- 3.6 Central Venous Pressure.- 3.6.1 Umbilical Vein Catheter.- 3.6.2 Continuous Measurement with Electronic Pressure Transducer.- 3.7 Computer-Assisted Patient Monitoring.- 3.3 References.- 4 Nutrition During the First Days of Life.- 4.1 General.- 4.2 Oral Feeding.- 4.2.1 Healthy Term Infants.- 4.2.2 Preterm Infants.- 4.2.3 Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants.- 4.2.4 Sick Infants.- 4.3 Nasojejunal Feeding.- 4.4 Supplementary Intravenous Feeding.- 4.5 Total Parenteral Nutrition.- 4.4 References.- II. Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disorders.- 5 Blood Gas Analysis.- 5.1 Measuring Techniques.- 5.1.1 Direct Measurement with Sensitive Electrodes (e. g., Corning, AVL).- 5.1.2 Indirect Measurement.- 5.1.3 Criteria for Selecting a Blood Gas Analyzer.- 5.2 Transcutaneous Oxygen Measurement.- 5.3 Collection of Blood Samples.- 5.3.1 Capillary Sampling.- 5.3.2 Warmed Capillary Sampling.- 5.3.3 Arterial Puncture.- 5.3.4 Umbilical Artery Catheter.- 5.3.5 Indwelling Catheter in Radial or Temporal Artery.- 5.4 Interpretation.- 5.5 Blood Gas Analysis: Normal Values in the Newborn.- 5.6 Disturbances of the Acid-Base Balance.- 5.7 Medicinal Treatment of Acid-Base Disturbances.- 5.7.1 Indications.- 5.7.2 Dosage.- 5.7.3 Administration.- References.- 6 Oxygen Therapy.- 6.1 Indication.- 6.2 Hypoxia Diagnosis, Hyperoxia Test.- 6.2.1 Indication for Artificial Ventilation.- 6.2.2 Differential Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Defects.- 6.3 Oxygen Dissociation.- 6.4 Causes of Disturbances in Oxygenation.- 6.4.1 Impaired Ventilation.- 6.4.2 Impaired Diffusion.- 6.4.3 Impaired Perfusion.- 6.4.4 Disturbances of Oxygen Binding and Oxygen Transport.- 6.5 Dosage of Oxygen in Respiratory Gas.- 6.5.1 PaO2 Measurement.- 6.5.2 tcPO2 Measurement.- 6.6 Modes of Administration.- 6.6.1 Incubator.- 6.6.2 Plastic Head Box (Oxyhood).- 6.6.3 Ventilation.- 6.7 Side Effects of Oxygen Therapy.- 6.7.1 Retrolental Fibroplasia.- 6.7.2 Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.- 6.7.3 Ventilatory Depression.- References.- 7 Artificial Ventilation M. Obladen.- 7.1 Ventilatory Status of the Newborn.- 7.2 Indication for Artificial Ventilation.- 7.2.1 Birth Asphyxia or Emergency.- 7.2.2 Central Respiratory Disturbance and Immaturity.- 7.2.3 Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- 7.2.4 Aspiration Syndrome.- 7.2.5 Cardiac Failure.- 7.3 Technical Essentials.- 7.3.1 Disinfection of Tubing and Equipment.- 7.3.2 Assembly of Ventilator Tubing.- 7.4 Ventilators and Their Operation.- 7.4.1 Classification of Some Ventilators Suitable for Neonatal Use.- 7.4.2 Bird Mark.- 7.4.3 Bourns LS 104–150.- 7.4.4 Bourns BP 200.- 7.4.5 Cavitron PV 10, Biomed MVP 10.- 7.4.6 Ventilator Test Run.- 7.4.7 Basic Settings of a Neonatal Ventilator Ready for Use.- 7.4.8 Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV).- 7.5 Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP).- 7.5.1 Definitions.- 7.5.2 Principle.- 7.5.3 CPAP System.- 7.5.4 CNP System (Pulmarca).- 7.5.5 Comparison of CNP and CPAP.- 7.5.6 Complications and Side Effects of CPAP.- 7.6 Control of Ventilation.- 7.6.1 Control Scheme.- 7.6.2 Changing the Ventilator Settings.- 7.7 Examples of Ventilation.- 7.7.1 Immature Preterm Infant with Apneic Attacks and Central Respiratory Disturbance.- 7.7.2 Preterm Infant, Stage-II RDS, Stabilization by Prolonged Inspiration.- 7.7.3 Preterm Infant, Stage-III RDS, Weaning by Use of IMV.- 7.7.4 Child of Diabetic Mother, Stage-IV RDS, Stabilization by High Inspiratory Pressure.- 7.7.5 Heart Defect with Iatrogenic Hyperventilation.- 7.7.6 Meconium Aspiration with Severe Respiratory Failure.- 7.8 Recognition of Equipment Malfunctions.- 7.8.1 Principle.- 7.8.2 Pressure-Controlled Ventilation.- 7.8.3 Volume-Controlled Ventilation with Prolonged Inspiration, High Volume, and Pressure Limit.- 7.8.4 CPAP and PEEP.- References.- 8 Long-Term Ventilation.- 8.1 General Requirements.- 8.1.1 Prevention of Infection.- 8.1.2 Suctioning.- 8.1.3 Humidification and Nebulization.- 8.1.4 Heating.- 8.1.5 Physiotherapy.- 8.1.6 Postural Therapy.- 8.1.7 Feeding.- 8.2 Supervision of the Neonate During Artificial Ventilation.- 8.2.1 Observation and Examination of the Artificially Ventilated Neonate.- 8.2.2 Supervision by Monitor.- 8.2.3 Monitoring the Ventilator Settings.- 8.3 Relaxation.- 8.3.1 Indication for Relaxation.- 8.3.2 Dosage and Procedure.- 8.4 Concluding Artificial Ventilation.- 8.4.1 Weaning from the Ventilator.- 8.4.2 Procedure of Weaning.- 8.4.3 Extubation.- 8.4.4 Procedure of Extubation.- 8.5 Complications.- 8.5.1 Blockage of Endotracheal Tube.- 8.5.2 Tube Dislocation.- 8.5.3 Accidental Disconnection.- 8.5.4 Infection.- 8.5.5 Extra-Alveolar Collection of Air.- 8.5.6 Disturbances of Venous Return.- 8.5.7 Patent Ductus Arteriosus.- 8.5.8 Inappropriate Secretion of ADH.- 8.6 Delayed Damage After Long-Term Ventilation.- 8.6.1 Pressure Lesions.- 8.6.2 Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.- References.- III. Acute Neonatal Diseases.- 9 Pulmonary Diseases.- 9.1 Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Surfactant Deficiency).- 9.2 Aspiration Syndrome.- 9.3 Pneumothorax.- 9.4 Acute Pulmonary Hemorrhage.- References.- 10 Cardiological Problems in the Newborn.- 10.1 The Newborn with Congenital Heart Disease.- 10.1.1 Differential Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease in the Newborn.- 10.1.2 General and Special Cardiological Diagnostic Tests in Suspected Neonatal Heart Disease.- 10.1.3 Cardiac Surgery in the Newborn.- 10.2 Urgent Cardiac Diagnosis in the Newborn.- 10.2.1 Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA).- 10.2.2 Coarctation of the Aorta (COA).- 10.2.3 Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS).- 10.2.4 Primary Myocardial Disease.- 10.3 Cardiological Emergencies in the Newborn.- 10.3.1 Congestive Heart Failure.- 10.3.2 Cardiac Arrhythmias.- 10.3.3 Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Premature Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- 10.3.4 Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome.- 10.3.5 Pneumopericardium.- References.- Neurologic Diseases.- 11.1 Postasphyxia Syndrome.- 11.2 Neonatal Seizures.- 11.3 Recurrent Apneic Spells.- 11.4 Intracranial Hemorrhage.- 11.4.1 Subdural Hemorrhage.- 11.4.2 Primary Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.- 11.4.3 Periventricular Intracerebral (Intraventricular) Hemorrhage.- References.- 12 Acute Abdominal Diseases.- 12.1 Acute Gastrointestinal Diseases.- 12.2 Necrotizing Enterocolitis.- 12.3 Acute Renal Failure.- References.- Disorders of Metabolism.- 13.1 Hypoglycemia.- 13.2 Infants of Diabetic Mothers.- 13.3 Hyperglycemia.- 13.4 Acute Metabolic Disorders.- References.- 14 Disturbances of the Electrolyte Balance.- 14.1 Hyponatremia 150 mEq/l.- 14.3 Hypokalemia < 3.8 mEq/l.- 14.4 Hyperkalemia > 7 mEq/l.- 14.5 Hypocalcemia.- 14.6 Hypomagnesemia < 1,2 mEq/l.- References.- 15 Icterus Gravis Neonatorum and Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (L. Wille).- 15.1 Definitions.- 15.2 Differential Diagnosis and Diagnostic Procedure for Neonatal Jaundice.- 15.3 Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn.- 15.3.1 Rh Erythroblastosis (Anti-D).- 15.3.2 Hemolytic Disease Due to Rare Sensitizations to Blood Group Factors Other than A, B, D (Anti-C, -c, -E, -e, Anti-Kell, -Duffy).- 15.3.3 ABO Erythroblastosis.- 15.4 Hemolytic Diseases Without Isoimmunization.- 15.5 Hyperbilirubinemia Without Hemolysis.- 15.5.1 Term Infants.- 15.5.2 Preterm Infants.- 15.6 Hyperbilirubinemia in Hepatocellular or Obstructive Jaundice.- 15.7 Technique of Exchange Transfusion.- 15.8 Phototherapy.- 15.9 Hydrops Fetalis.- References.- 16 Infections.- 16.1 Prevention of Bacterial Infections.- 16.2 Bacteriologic Diagnosis.- 16.3 Sepsis.- 16.4 Meningitis.- 16.5 Intrauterine Infections.- References.- 17 Hematologic Disease.- 17.1 Anemia.- 17.2 Hypovolemic Shock.- 17.3 Polycythemia.- References.- 18 Blood Coagulation and Hemorrhagic Diatheses.- 18.1 Blood Coagulation.- 18.2 Diagnosis.- 18.3 Coagulopathies.- 18.3.1 Congenital Coagulopathies.- 18.3.2 Acquired Coagulopathies.- 18.4 Thrombocytopenia.- 18.5 Thrombocytopathy.- References.- IV. Appendix.- 19 Techniques of Neonatal Intensive Care.- 19.1 Umbilical Vessel Catheterization.- 19.1.1 Umbilical Vein Catheterization.- 19.1.2 Umbilical Artery Catheterization.- 19.2 Technique of Superior Vena Cava Catheterization.- 19.3 Arterial Puncture and Catheterization.- 19.3.1 Puncture of the Radial and Brachial Arteries.- 19.3.2 Percutaneous Catheterization of the Radial Artery.- 19.3.3 Percutaneous Catheterization of the Temporal Artery.- 19.4 Venesection.- 19.5 Drainage of Pneumothorax.- 19.5.1 Exploratory Puncture.- 19.5.2 Technique of Pleural Drainage.- 19.6 Drainage of Pneumopericardium.- 19.7 Abdominal Paracentesis.- 19.8 Endotracheal Intubation.- 19.8.1 Orotracheal Intubation.- 19.8.2 Nasotracheal Intubation.- 19.8.3 Confirmation of Tube Placement.- 19.8.4 Tube Lengths.- 19.8.5 Fixation of Tube.- 19.8.6 Most Frequent Sources of Error During Intubation.- 19.9 Technique of Peritoneal Dialysis.- 19.10 Ventriculopuncture.- References.- 20 Instrumentarium for Procedures in Neonatal Intensive Medicine.- 20.1 Intubation Set.- 20.2 Pneumothorax Set.- 20.3 Abdominal Paracentesis Set.- 20.4 Umbilical Catheter Set.- 20.5 Venesection Set.- 20.6 Peritoneal Dialysis Set.- 21 Neonatal Drug Therapy (L. Wille).- References.- Results of Neonatal Intensive Care.- 22.1 Neonatal Mortality.- 22.1.1 Organizational Measures for Reducing Neonatal Mortality.- 22.2 Cerebral Handicaps.- 22.2.1 Incidence.- 22.2.2 Prognostic Value of Neonatal Risk Factors.- 22.2.3 Origin of Perinatal Brain Damage.- 22.3 Follow-Up Examination.- 22.3.1 Timing.- 22.3.2 Examination Procedure.- 22.4 Economic Aspects.- References.- 23 Parents in the Intensive Care Unit.- 23.1 Normal Reaction of Parents to the Birth of a Premature or Sick Infant.- 23.2 Consequences of Prolonged Maternal-Infant Separation.- 23.3 Parental Functions in the Intensive Care Unit.- 23.4 Informing the Parents.- 23.5 Conference Following the Death of a Newborn.- 23.6 Atmosphere of the Intensive Care Unit.- References.- 24 Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThis introduction to sports injuries in children and adolescents is written in a user-friendly format and takes into account the fact that sports injuries in the pediatric population are not an easy topic for non-pediatric orthopedic surgeons, pediatricians, and non-pediatric radiologists. The book is divided into five chapters on musculoskeletal particularities in children, head and spine trauma, muscle strains and avulsion injuries, bone fractures, overuse injuries, and miscellanea. Each of these chapters comprises ten cases, and each case study includes up to four figures, a description of the clinical case, a review of the pathophysiology of the condition described in the case, and a final section on imaging findings. Sports Injuries in Children and Adolescents is a case-based book aimed at pediatricians, pediatric orthopedic surgeons, and radiologists.​Table of ContentsMusculoskeletal Particularities in Children.- Head and Spine Trauma.- Muscle Strains and Avulsion Injuries.- Bone Fractures.- Overuse Injuries.- Miscellanea.​

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Book SynopsisI: Surgery in Solitary Kidney.- Value of Ultrasound in the Treatment of Solitary Kidneys in Infancy and Childhood.- Renal Function in Single-Kidney Rats.- Urological Operations for Solitary Kidneys in Children.- Reconstructive Surgery in Eight Children with Solitary Kidneys.- Surgery on Solitary Kidneys in Childhood.- Outcome Following Surgery for Solitary Kidney in Children.- Bladder Shrinkage as a Complication of Long-Term Supravesical Urinary Diversion in Children with Solitary Kidneys.- Problems in Severe Bilateral Urinary Tract Anomalies.- Double Ureter in Children: Surgical Management.- Surgical Treatment of Bilateral Wilms' Tumours with Special Reference to Second Operations in Metachronous Disease.- Infants with Posterior Urethral Valves: A Retrospective Study and Consequences for Therapy.- II: Corrections of Urinary Transport Disturbances.- Microvascular Autotransplantation of Intra-abdominal Testes.- Role of the Kock Pouch in Adolescent Urology.- Cloacal Malformations: Embryology, Anatomy and Principles of Management.- Genitoplasty for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Anatomy and Technical Review.- Surgical Correction of Virilised Female External Genitalia.- Reconstruction of the Epispadic Penis in Adolescents.- One-Stage Preputial Pedicle Flap Repair for Hypospadias Experience with 100 Patients.- Reconstruction of Foreskin in Distal Hypospadias Repair.Table of ContentsI: Surgery in Solitary Kidney.- Value of Ultrasound in the Treatment of Solitary Kidneys in Infancy and Childhood.- Renal Function in Single-Kidney Rats.- Urological Operations for Solitary Kidneys in Children.- Reconstructive Surgery in Eight Children with Solitary Kidneys.- Surgery on Solitary Kidneys in Childhood.- Outcome Following Surgery for Solitary Kidney in Children.- Bladder Shrinkage as a Complication of Long-Term Supravesical Urinary Diversion in Children with Solitary Kidneys.- Problems in Severe Bilateral Urinary Tract Anomalies.- Double Ureter in Children: Surgical Management.- Surgical Treatment of Bilateral Wilms’ Tumours with Special Reference to Second Operations in Metachronous Disease.- Infants with Posterior Urethral Valves: A Retrospective Study and Consequences for Therapy.- II: Corrections of Urinary Transport Disturbances.- Microvascular Autotransplantation of Intra-abdominal Testes.- Role of the Kock Pouch in Adolescent Urology.- Cloacal Malformations: Embryology, Anatomy and Principles of Management.- Genitoplasty for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Anatomy and Technical Review.- Surgical Correction of Virilised Female External Genitalia.- Reconstruction of the Epispadic Penis in Adolescents.- One-Stage Preputial Pedicle Flap Repair for Hypospadias Experience with 100 Patients.- Reconstruction of Foreskin in Distal Hypospadias Repair.

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Book SynopsisDepending on the definition of this concept that is adopted, adolescence is the narrow threshold or a vast no-man's land that separates adulthood from childhood. In one -physica1ist- view, adolescence begins when secondary sex characters become noticeable and ends when they are fully developed. In another -socio1ogica1- view, adolescence ends when social independence has been gained. It may easily take many years more to span the interval between those two events. In this collection of papers by specialists from various disciplines, physical, psychological and social aspects of adolescence are considered. The book originates from a postgraduate course for medical practitioners, who deal with adolescents, but the range of the papers is such that we hope it may be of value to a much wider readership, including educators and all who are concerned with adolescents. The course was entitled: 'Adolescence: psychological, social and biological aspects', and was held in Leiden in November 1981. It was the fourth in a series of Boerhaave Courses instigated by the Dutch Growth Foundation of available. which a published record has now become Previous titles are 'Somatic growth of the child' (1966), 'De samenstel1ing van het mense1ijk 1ichaam' (1968) (=Human body composition), and 'Normal and abnormal development of brain and behaviour' (1971). VI The detailed programme of the course was planned by Dr. F.J. Bekker, Prof. Dr. J.L. van den Brande, Prof. Dr. W. Everaerd, Prof. A.Th. Schweizer and Prof. Dr. J.J. van der Werff ten Bosch.Table of ContentsA historical and transcultural view of adolescence.- Concepts of adolescence; their applicability to normal and clinical samples.- Psychological changes in adolescence related to physical changes.- The psychobiology of developmental behavior disorders.- Influence of early exposure to steroid hormones on behavioral development.- The effects of a chronic illness on somatic growth and psychological development.- Adolescents and family disruption through marital separation.- Erotic overtures and sexual contacts; competence, rules, attitudes and problems.- Sex roles and coping with emotions.- Outpatient social skills training for youth in trouble; theoretical background, practice and outcome.- The implementation and evaluation of a residential social skills training program for youth in trouble.- Suicidal behaviour among adolescents.- How are we to deal with adolescents and their problems?.- Epidemiology and the role of public health organizations.

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Book SynopsisThis book has been written with general practitioners primarily in view, describing common paediatric conditions that present in the outpatient clinics and those that require admission to hospital. The book is neither a textbook of paediatrics nor a handbook but is aimed to provide guidelines for the more commonplace conditions. Some aspects therefore, have been dealt with in detail, where felt relevant, while others are omitted on grounds of probable rare encounter. It is hoped that this volume will provide the family practitioner with an insight in the paediatrician's approach to many of the common problems in chifdren and to help him decide on the best course of action to follow. The care of children constitutes a significant and important part of a family doctor's work and practitioners are keen to promote optional care in all circumstances. It is hoped that the endeavours of this book will go in some small way to help put across the practitioner's approach.Table of Contents1 Infant feeding.- Breast feeding.- Bottle feeding.- Vitamins.- Regurgitation.- Vomiting.- Colic.- The hungry baby.- The baby who does not feed.- 2 Respiratory diseases.- Upper respiratory tract infection.- Tonsillitis.- Otitis media.- Stridor.- Croup.- Acute epiglottitis.- Chest infections.- Pneumonias.- Lobar pneumonia.- Airways obstruction.- Asthma.- 3 Gastrointestinal problems.- Gastroenteritis and related problems.- Malabsorption.- Chronic inflammatory bowel disease.- Congenital abnormalities.- Large bowel obstruction.- Appendicitis.- Differential diagnosis.- 4 Urinary tract.- Urinary tract infection.- Congenital abnormalities.- Glomerular disease.- Renal tubular disorders.- 5 Fits in childhood.- Neonatal fits.- Febrile fits.- Epilepsy.- Infantile spasms.- Differential diagnosis of peculiar turns.- 6 Heart disease in children.- Innocent murmurs.- Basic cardiac parameters.- Congestive cardiac failure.- Ventricular septal defect.- Patent ductus arteriosus.- Atrial septal defect.- Co-arctation of the aorta.- Transposition of the great vessels.- Tetralogy of Fallot.- Pulmonary stenosis.- Aortic stenosis.- Truncus arteriosus.- Tricuspid atresia.- Precautions against infection.- 7 Metabolic disorders.- Diabetes mellitus.- Clinical manifestations.- Stabilization.- Insulin.- Oral hypoglycaemic agents.- Diet.- Education.- Urine testing.- Blood glucose monitoring.- Useful services.- Thyroid disorders.- Thyrotoxicosis.- Carcinoma of the thyroid.- Hypothyroidism.- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia.- Growth problems.- Short stature.- Differential diagnosis of short stature.- Tall children.- 8 Common symptoms and problems of doubtful origin.- Abdominal pain.- Headaches.- Nocturnal enuresis.- Faecal soiling and encopresis.- 9 The problem child.- The crying baby.- Breath-holding attacks.- Temper tantrums.- The overactive child.- The child who does not sleep.- The child who does not eat.- School problems.- 10 Developmental assessment and the handicapped child.- Neonatal developmental assessment.- Newborn reflexes and reactions.- Special senses.- General objectives in the assessment of the handicapped.- Useful information.- 11 Surgical conditions.- Common surgical conditions.- Abnormalities of the female external genitalia.- The umbilicus.- Hare lip, cleft palate and tongue tie.- Swellings in the neck.- Ear, nose and throat surgery.- The eyes.- Neurosurgical conditions.- Orthopaedic problems.- 12 Emergencies in paediatrics.- Respiratory emergencies.- Cardiac emergencies.- Fits and coma.- Metabolic emergencies.- Gastro-intestinal emergencies.- Genito-urinary emergencies.- Miscellaneous emergencies.

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Book SynopsisMany clinical problems of transport have been known for decades, par­ ticularly those disorders involving the liver and kidney. As a result of the dramatic increase in interest in transport at the membrane level the Society devoted its Seventeenth Symposium, held at Leeds during September 1979, to Transport and Inherited Disease, the result of that meeting forming the basis of this monograph. For the occasion over a hundred members and guests of the Society were joined by many invited speakers from Europe and the USA to discuss this rapidly developing field with special reference to the direct interests of the Society - in­ herited metabolic disease. The major theme of the meeting was opened with formal scientific presentations on membrane structure, synthesis and the regulation of epithelial transport. These were followed by discussions of specific prob­ lems of transport in brain, kidney and red blood cells. Almost all of these later lectures had clinical applications with cystic fibrosis and nephro­ genic diabetes insipidus featuring as examples of the common inherited diseases. The Hudson Memorial Lecture was delivered by Professor H. Bickel (Heidelberg). This outstanding review lecture on 'Phenylketonuri- past, present and future' is reproduced in the Journal of the Society - the Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease (Volume 3 No.4, pp.123-132). xiii xiv PREFACE The members' papers (both oral and poster) are also being reprinted in various issues of the Journal (published by MTP Press Ltd., Lancaster, UK).Table of ContentsSection One.- 1 The inherited methylmalonic acidaemias: a model system for the study of vitamin metabolism and apoenzyme-coenzyme Interactions — The Milner Lecture.- Section Two Biochemistry of Membranes.- 2 Membrane structure.- 3 Synthesis of membranes.- 4 Some regulatory principles in epithelial transport.- Section Three Transport in Brain.- 5 The needs of the brain for amino acids and how they are transported across the blood-brain barrier.- 6 Some aspects of the transport of glucose and ketone bodies into the brain and retina.- Section Four Renal Transport.- 7 The function and organization of kidney microvillar proteins.- 8 Cyclic nucleotides and the regulation of water and electrolyte transport.- 9 Mineralocorticoids and sodium transport.- 10 Sodium transport in cystic fibrosis.- 11 Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.- 12 Mendelian hypophosphataemias as probes of phosphate and sulphate transport by mammalian kidney (X-linked hypophosphataemia. Autosomal hypophosphataemia in man and Hyp mutation in mouse).- 13 Renal transport of cystine by isolated renal tubules and brush-border membrane vesicles.- 14 5-Oxoprolinuria and other inborn errors related to the ?-glutamyl cycle.- Section Five Transport in Red Blood Cells.- 15 Anion transport in red blood cells.- 16 Inherited disorders of red-cell cation transport.- 17 Red-cell amino acid and nucleoside transport: inherited lesions and related enzyme deficiencies in sheep.

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Table of ContentsSection One Pathogenic Mechanisms of Inborn Errors: Clinical Implications of Biochemical Diversity.- 1 Molecular aspects of genetic heterogeneity.- 2 Inborn errors of purine metabolism-The Milner Lecture.- 3 Vitamin-responsive inherited metabolic disorders: propionic acidaemia and methylmalonic acidaemia.- 4 Homocystinuria: clinical and biochemical heterogeneity.- 5 Hereditary defects of steroid biosynthesis.- 6 Blood-brain barrier amino-acid transport: clinical implications.- Section Two Treatment: New Aspects and Limits, Transplantation, Replacement Therapy, Genetic Engineering.- 7 Recent studies on the maturation of lysosomal enzymes.- 8 Enzyme substitution by fibroblast transplantation.- 9 Artificial cell-encapsulated enzymes and adsorbents in congenital metabolic disorders.- 10 Prospects for enzyme replacement therapy in heritable metabolic disorders.- Section Three Inborn Errors of Metabolism affecting Brain Development (Animal Models).- 11 Inborn errors of metabolism affecting brain development-Introduction.- 12 Mutations in mice affecting brain development and their correlations with human diseases.- 13 Murine mutations affecting myelination: models to study myelin diseases in the human.- 14 The effect of phenylalanine on myelin metabolism in adolescent rats.- 15 Abnormal oligodendrocyte differentiation in a mouse mutant with defect in myelination.- Section Four Consequences of Inborn Errors of Metabolism for the Individual, the Family and Society.- 16 Inborn errors of metabolism consequences of long-term treatment for the individual, as derived from observations in phenylketonuria.- 17 Social aspects of the handicapped person.- 18 Psychological and educational aspects of handicap.- 19 Repercussions of screening.- 20 Some principles in the management of inherited metabolic disease.

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Book SynopsisThe aim of this book is to provide a practical guide to help junior doctors to manage the important acute paediatric problems they are likely to encounter. The emphasis has been placed on the diagnostic problems and management when the child first presents. The approach taken is largely pragmatic, in contrast with the more theoretical approach of undergraduate teaching. As many doctors in general paediatrics are also required to perform neonatal resuscitation, a chapter on this topic has been included, but no attempt has been made to cover the specialized field of neonatal intensive care. Several of the chapters have been published in a series of articles in Hospital Update. They have been thoroughly revised and many new chapters added. It would have been impossible for me to have written this book without the help and encouragement of my wife, Dr Ann Goldman. She has read the book at each stage of its gestation and made many constructive suggestions and improvements. I am also grateful to Dr Paul Hutchins who has helped me considerably. Dr Doug Jones has provided helpful advice on the anaesthetic aspects and practical procedures and contributed the section on the insertion of central venous catheters. Many other colleagues have read sections of the book and I should like to thank Drs Ruby Schwartz, Terry Stacey, Andy Whitelaw, Rodney Rivers, John Warner, Sue Rigden, Susan­ nah Hart, Mike Liberman and Bernard Valman.Table of Contents1. Neonatal resuscitation.- 2. Cardiorespiratory arrest.- 3. The child with stridor.- 4. Lower respiratory tract disorders.- 5. Diarrhoea and vomiting.- 6. Acute abdominal pain.- 7. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycaemia.- 8. The febrile child.- 9. Convulsions.- 10. Coma.- 11. Shock.- 12. Disorders of the kidney and urinary tract.- 13. Cardiovascular emergencies.- 14. Accidents and poisoning.- 15. Child abuse.- 16. Sudden infant death syndrome.- 17. Practical procedures.

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Book SynopsisThe sixteenth annual symposium of the Society for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism was held in Bristol from 12th to 14th July, 1978. About 25 invited speakers and 150 participants came from many parts of Europe and North America to consider the topic, 'Inherited Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism'. Although some aspects of these disorders have formed part of the programme of previous symposia organized by the Socie­ ty, this was the first attempt to discuss them in a systematic manner. The subject, carbohydrate disorders, embraces both familiar and well documented conditions and some lesser known aspects of genetic disease. In all of these there remains much to be learnt about clinical and laboratory diagnosis, treatment, biochemical screening and pathogenesis. Thus one aim of the Society, to combine clinical and scientific interest, can rarely have been better achieved in a single symposium. Since the programme included diseases from six different areas of car­ bohydrate metabolism and contained so many distinguished speakers, it is impossible to highlight the more important aspects of this symposium within a short space. Each section made a notable contribution to knowledge and, when time was available, lively discussions ensued which have been recorded in the book. However, we wish to mention our two special lectures, because they recognise people to whom the Society owes a great deal. The Milner lecture has been given for the past 6 years as a tribute to Mr J.Table of ContentsSection One Introduction.- 1 Carbohydrate metabolism and its regulation — The Milner Lecture.- Section Two Disorders of Carbohydrate Absorption.- 2 Basic causes of carbohydrate malabsorption.- 3 Clinical aspects of disordered carbohydrate absorption.- Section Three Disorders of Galactose Metabolism.- 4 Galactose metabolism, hereditary defects and their clinical significance.- 5 Clinical aspects of Galactosaemia.- 6 How long should galactosaemia be treated?.- 7 Pregnancy in classical galactosaemia.- 8 Screening for galactosaemia.- 9 Prenatal diagnosis of classical galactosaemia.- 10 Discussion.- Section Four Disorders of Fructose Metabolism.- 11 Clinical and genetic studies of disorders in fructose metabolism.- 12 Pathogenic mechanisms of disorders in fructose metabolism.- 13 Discussion.- Section Five Disorders of Pyruvate Metabolism.- 14 Pathways and regulation of pyruvate metabolism.- 15 Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiencies.- 16 Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, studies on patients and on an animal model system.- Section Six Glycogen Storage Diseases.- 17 Recent advances and problems in the glycogen storage diseases.- 18 Hepatic glycogenosis: diagnosis and management — The F. P. Hudson Memorial Lecture.- 19 Recent work on treatment of Type I glycogen storage disease.- 20 Pre- and postnatal diagnosis of glycogen storage disease.- 21 Type VI glycogenosis: identification of subgroups.- 22 Discussion.- Section Seven Genetic Aspects of Diabetes.- 23 Clinical studies of the inheritance of diabetes mellitus.- 24 HLA antigens and diabetes.- 25 Juvenile diabetes and optic atrophy.- 26 Discussion.

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Table of ContentsSession I Nutrition and Metabolism of the Fetus.- The role of insulin and glucagon in fetal growth and metabolism.- Protein turnover rate in fetal organs: the influence of insulin.- Fetal ingestion and metabolism of amniotic fluid protein.- Some of the consequences of intrauterine growth retardation.- Discussion.- Session II Nutrition and Metabolism of the Fetus and Infant.- Umbilical uptake of substrates and their role in fetal metabolism.- The energy cost of growth estimated from simultaneous direct and indirect calorimetry in infants of less than 2500 g.- Fatty acid metabolism before and after birth.- The fatty acid composition of brown and white fat in newborn infants and the influence of the ingested fat on the fatty acid composition of their body fat.- Subcutaneous fat measurement as an indication of nutrition of the fetus and newborn.- Discussion.- Session III Nutrition of the Preterm Infant.- Body composition of the fetus and infant.- The absorption of magnesium, copper, zinc and iron by preterm infants in relation to body composition of the foetus.- Nitrogen balances and protein requirements of preterm infants.- Taurine in infant nutrition.- Discussion.- Session IV Human Milk.- Composition of human milk.- Immune factors in human milk.- The effects of pasteurisation on immune factors in human milk.- Feeding pre-term infants with raw and heat-sterilised human milk: effects on faecal flora.- Psycho-social implications of breast feeding.- Discussion.- Session V Parenteral Nutrition of the Newborn and Infant.- The intravenous and peroral requirements of amino acids during early infancy.- Studies on the requirement of amino acids in newborn infants receiving parenteral nutrition.- Brain composition of beagle puppies receiving total parenteral nutrition.- Trace elements in parenteral feeding of infants.- Discussion.- Index of subjects.

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains the proceedings of a postgraduate course for medical practitioners of various specialties. One purpose of the course was to provide factual data on developmental aspects of the brain and behaviour, and about the possible impact of several important categories of internal and environ­ mental factors upon neural development. Another purpose was to indicate the extent and the limitations of the methodology now available for the scientific approach of the study of the development of behaviour. In general the investigator is faced with methodological problems of two types, the proper definition and scoring of behavioural items, and the isolation of the different factors that contribute to a particular behaviour. An example of the latter is given in the very last paper, which is concerned with attempts at unravelling under experimental conditions the contributions made by various influences upon a single sequence of behaviour. The course was held in Leiden in November 1970, and was the third in a series of Boerhaave Courses instigated by the Dutch Growth Foundation. Previous subjects have been 'Somatic growth of the child' (in 1964) and 'Human body composition' (in 1967). The programme was planned in collaboration with Prof. Dr. H. H. van Gelderen, Dr. D. G. Lawrence, Prof. Dr. F. J. Monks, Prof. Dr. H. F. R. Prechtl and Prof. Dr. H. K. A. Visser. Financial support was given by the pharmaceutical firms Philips-Duphar, Sandoz and Specia, and by the Dutch Growth Foundation. Major editorial contributions were made by Anneke Bot.Table of ContentsSomatic development and the study of the central nervous system.- Undernutrition and the developing brain: the use of animal models to elucidate the human problem.- Effects of early malnutrition on general development in animals.- Postnatal growth and development in small-for-date babies.- On the structure, development, and connections of the limbic system.- Behavioral assessment in infancy.- Manual to accompany newborn behavioral and neurological scales.- Motor behaviour in relation to brain structure.- Neurological criteria for the estimation of the post-menstrual age of newborn infants.- Neurological follow-up of infants born after obstetrical complications.- Observations of free-field behaviour in preschool boys and girls in relation to neurological findings.- Genetic influences on development of behavior.- Non-genetic prenatal influences on psychological development.- Comment.- Congenital deafness and disturbed psychomotor development.- Effects of congenital blindness on development of behaviour.- The influence of emotional deprivation on growth and behaviour.- Neuroendocrine factors and the ontogeny of behavior.- The effects of early hypothyroidism on IQ, school performance, and electroencephalogram pattern in children.- Pituitary-adrenal hormones and behaviour.- Hormonal and social determinants of sexual behavior in the pigtail monkey (Macaca nemestrina).- Index of subjects.

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Table of ContentsThe 23rd Annual Symposium of the SSIEM: Liverpool.- to recombinant DNA.- Human biochemical genetics of enzyme proteins in the new age of molecular genetics.- Direct DNA analysis in family studies.- Application and limitations of direct DNA analysis in genetic prediction.- DNA analysis for ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.- Molecular genetics of PKU.- Human DNA repair defects.- Molecular basis of ai-antitrypsin deficiency and its potential therapy by gene transfer.- Direct alteration of a gene in the human genome.- Diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and the 5’ flanking polymorphism of the human insulin gene.- Workshop on Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency).- Clinical aspects of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: early diagnosis and prognosis.- Biochemical aspects of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.- Large-Scale Pilot Studies.- Review of CAH screening programmes and the Scottish experience.- Neonatal screening programme for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in a homogenous Caucasian population.- Neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a pilot study in France.- Existing Clinical Diagnoses.- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Birmingham: a retrospective analysis (1958-1985).- Prevalence of adrenal 21-hydroxylase deficiency in neonates born in the West Midlands: a retrospective study.- Clinical Symposium - Phenylketonuria.- and explanation.- Maternal phenylketonuria.- Dietary problems of phenylketonuria: effect on CNS transmitters and their possible role in behaviour and neuropsychological function.- Diagnosis in relationship to treatment of hyperphenylalaninaemia.- Problems related to diet management of maternal phenylketonuria.- Short Communications.- Preface and Free Communications.- Molecular biology of phenylalanine hydroxylase.- Hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase and dietary tolerance in hyperphenylalaninaemic patients.- Phenylalanine metabolites in treated phenylketonuric children.- Magnesium-deficient rickets in a phenylketonuric patient on dietary treatment.- Termination of strict diet in phenylketonuria: neurophysiological, psychological and biochemical studies.- Effects of stopping phenylalanine-restricted diet on intellectual progress of children with phenylketonuria.- Maternal hyperphenylalaninaemia: dietary treatment during pregnancy.- Maternal hyperphenylalaninaemia in Israel.- Maternal phenylketonuria with increased tyrosine supplements.- Screening for phenylketonuria in Yugoslavia (SR Croatia) 1979–1984.- Incidence of phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninaemia in a sample of the Turkish newborn population.- Atypical phenylketonuria with mild mental retardation caused by tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in a Chinese family.- Dihydropteridine reductase deficiency: clinical, biochemical and therapeutic aspects.- Partial dihydropteridine reductase deficiency and mental retardation.- Urine amino acid analysis by HPLC in the investigation of inborn errors of metabolism.- Plasma amino acid patterns in critically ill children.- Treatment of hereditary tyrosinaemia (fumarylacetoacetase deficiency) by enzyme substitution.- Presentation of the data of the Italian registry for oculocutaneous tyrosinaemia.- A new case of hyperlysinaemia with saccharopinuria.- Failure of early diazepam treatment in a neonate with non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia.- Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina: 3 cases in one Italian family.- Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and methyltetrahydrofolate methyltransferase in human fetal tissues and chorionic villi.- Kinetic studies on the glucose-6-phosphate transport system in rat hepatic microsomal membrane.- Long term cornstarch therapy in glycogen storage disease types I, lb and III.- Galactose-l-phosphate-uridyl transferase activity in chorionic villi: a first trimester prenatal diagnosis of galactosaemia.- Molecular heterogeneity of McArdle disease.- Decreased affinity of phosphorylase ? for glucose-1 -phosphate in polymorphonuclear leukocytes of patients with glycogenosis type VI.- The diagnosis and treatment of a patient with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: overnight fasting does not result in the expected urinary metabolite profile.- A new case of familiar C6-C14 dicarboxylic aciduria with favourable evolution.- Pyruvate carboxylase responsive to ketosis in a multiple carboxylase deficiency patient.- Neonatal screening for biotinidase deficiency: an update.- GM2 gangliosidosis with hexosaminidase A and B defect: report of a family with motor neuron disease-like phenotype.- A comparison between hepatocytes and macrophages of sphingomyelin, cholesterol and acid lipase in various types of Niemann-Pick disease.- Juvenile dystonia without vertical gaze paralysis: Niemann-Pick type C disease.- Pre- and postnatal diagnosis of the cerebro-hepato-renal (Zellweger) syndrome via a simple method directly demonstrating the presence or absence of peroxisomes in cultured skin fibroblasts, amniocytes or chorionic villi fibroblasts.- Impaired cholesterol side chain cleavage activity in liver from patients with cerebro- hepato-renal (Zellweger) syndrome in relation to the accumulation of di- and trihydroxycoprostanoic acid in serum.- Deficiency of dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase and catalase-containing particles in patients with infantile Refsum’s disease.- Peroxisomal abnormalities in rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata.- Cytogenetic studies of three families with ataxia-telangiectasia (Louis-Bar syndrome).

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Book SynopsisL. B. STRANG The past 25 years have seen a remarkable growth in our knowledge of lung development in its structural, physiological and biochemical dimensions. Much of the impetus for research leading to new knowledge has derived from the perception that many respiratory disorders in the newborn infant are due to defective development or maladaption of some component or components of the respiratory system. Thus, to cite one example, surfac­ tant deficiency is clearly seen to be the cause of atelectasis in hyaline mem­ brane disease; and to cite another, it is widely accepted that the mechanisms controlling patency of the ductus arteriosus and pulmonary vascular resistance also determine the right-to-Ieft or left-to-right shunting frequently observed in the course of neonatal respiratory disorders. There are, however, areas of physiological knowledge - such as those relating to respiratory control and to liquid formation and absorption - which are clearly of great relevance to lung adaptation at birth but where it has not yet proved possible to link a specific clinical state to the malfunction of a particular mechanism. In planning this symposium an attempt was made to organize the material in an orderly manner, starting with the embryonic and fetal stages of growth and development, continuing with respiratory control and the role of surfactant in lung aeration at birth, and ending with the treatment of neonatal respiratory disorders.Table of Contents1. Lung embryogenesis and differentiation.- Discussion.- 2. Differentiation of the pulmonary epithelium.- Discussion.- 3. Factors affecting fetal lung growth.- Discussion.- 4. Postnatal lung development and modulation of lung growth.- Discussion.- 5. The secretion and absorption of fetal lung liquid.- Discussion.- 6. Development of epithelial ion transport in fetal and neonatal airways.- Discussion.- 7. Analysis of ion and fluid transport across a vertebrate pulmonary epithelium studied in vitro.- Discussion.- 8. The maturation of the control of respiration in infancy.- Discussion.- 9. Establishment of the end-expiratory level (FRC) in newborn mammals.- Discussion.- 10. Postnatal development of lung function.- 11. Alveolar ventilation in newborns and its post-natal development.- Discussion.- 12. Some relationships among structure, composition, and functional characteristics of lung surfactant.- Discussion.- 13. Aspects of surfactant metabolism in the adult and perinatal lung.- Discussion.- 14. myo-Inositol and perinatal development of surfactant.- Discussion.- 15. Absorption of fetal lung liquid and exogenous surfactant in premature lambs.- Discussion.- 16. Surfactant inhibitory plasma-derived proteins.- Discussion.- 17. Surfactant replacement: theory and practice.- Discussion.- 18. The Cambridge experience of artificial surfactant.- Discussion.- 19. Surfactant supplementation: Toronto trial.- Discussion.- 20. Mechanical ventilation: the role of high-frequency ventilation.- Discussion.

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Book SynopsisPerinatal Medicine is a relatively new specialty, sited between the mechanistic approach of traditional obstetrics and the anticipatory and preventative out­ look expressed in the study of fetal growth which extends into monitoring neo­ natal progress and development. It is of primary importance that obstetricians and neonatologists should think alike and should not allow their interests to develop along separate lines. Frequent clinical consultations with neonat­ ologists cooperating in prenatal care and obstetricians visiting the special nur­ sery on a regular basis are essential if every fetus is to reach its full potential. Such aims have been advanced by previous European Congresses and it was our privilege in Dublin to host the IXth Congress held at the Royal Dublin Society from September 3rd to 5th 1984. Over nine hundred delegates rep­ resenting thirty-nine countries attended the scientific and social programme. The theme of the congress was the mature baby. The organizers felt that while major advances had been made in the management of prematurity there were still far too many mature fetuses dying and too many deaths in the nor­ mally formed appropriate weight for gestational age neonate. Hence antenatal fetal assessment, the management of labour including electronic monitoring in normal women and asphyxial brain damage were major topics. Pregnancy hy­ pertension, caesarean section, breech presentation, diabetes and unexplained mature stillbirth were workshop topics.Table of ContentsSection 1 Main Lectures.- 1. Randomized trial of fetal monitoring.- 2. The contribution of perinatal physiology to clinical practice.- 3. The importance of the infant’s condition at birth.- Section 2 Management of childbirth in normal women.- Chairman’s introduction.- 4. Active involvement in Dublin.- 5. Aspects of monitoring in normal labour.- 6. Management in Pithiviers.- 7. The third stage and fetal adaptation.- 8. The Netherlands as an obstetric experiment.- Chairman’s Summary.- Section 3 Antenatal Fetal Assessment.- 9. Fetal and neonatal assessment.- 10. The value and interpretation of fetal heart rate patterns.- 11. Antenatal assessment of fetal health using dynamic real-time ultrasound.- 12. Assessment of adaptation to extrauterine life in clinics without integrated neonatology.- Section 4 Asphyxial Brain Damage.- Chairman’s introduction.- 13. Pathophysiological aspects of asphyxial brain damage.- 14. Acidaemia and its neurological effects.- 15. The role of technology in detection and management — techniques of investigation.- 16. Outcome and long term follow-up.- Section 5 Hypertension in Pregnancy.- Chairman’s introduction.- 17. The follow-up of patients with severe pre-eclampsia.- 18. Hypertension-related perinatal mortality in Alberta.- 19. The effect of hypertension on the uteroplacental vasculature.- 20. A critical appraisal.- 21. Conservative management of pre-eclampsia: maternal risk.- Section 6 Indication for Caesarean Section.- Chairman’s introduction.- 22. Trends and variations in the use of caesarean delivery.- 23. Evolution of caesarean section in France.- 24. Caesarean section and perinatal mortality rates.- 25. Situation in the German Federal Republic.- 26. The European survey of obstetrical interventions.- Chairman’s summary.- Section 7 Persistent Fetal Circulation.- 27. Physiological control of the pulmonary circulation.- 28. Persistent fetal circulation — aetiology.- 29. Persistent fetal circulation complicating other neonatal lung disorders — definition and diagnosis.- 30. Treatment of persistent fetal circulation.- Chairman’s summary.- Section 8 Management of Breech Delivery.- Chairman’s introduction.- 31. The obstetric management of the premature breech.- 32. The pediatric approach to the premature breech.- 33. The obstetric management of the mature breech.- 34. The term breech: subsequent growth and development.- 35. The term breech: results of psychological assessment at 4 years of age.- Section 9 Perinatal Audit.- 36. Perinatal audit: an overview.- 37. Use of routinely collected data for perinatal surveillance.- 38. The use of tracer conditions to assess the quality of perinatal care.- 39. The role of collaborative clinical trials for auditing perinatal practice.- Chairman’s summary.- Section 10 Diabetes in Pregnancy.- Chairman’s introduction.- 40. Pregnancy in the clinical diabetic.- 41. Tight metabolic control during early pregnancy prevents malformation in offspring of insulin-dependent diabetic women.- 42. Long term morbidity in infants of diabetic mothers.- Section 11 Surfactant.- Chairman’s introduction.- 43. Human surfactant.- 44. The Cambridge experience of artificial surfactant.- 45. Overview of surfactant replacement therapy.- 46. Surfactant replacement studies in Belfast.- Section 12 Perinatal Training.- 47. Higher training in fetal medicine in Britain.- 48. Perinatal training in Germany.- 49. Training in perinatal pediatrics.- 50. Subspecialization of neonatologists.- 51. Training of neonatologists in the USA.- Section 13 Unexplained Mature Stillbirth.- 52. Incidence of stillbirths in singletons and twins: national Swedish data — a preliminary report.- 53. Clinical characteristics of unexpected intrauterine death.- 54. Unexplained mature stillbirth: review of clinical and laboratory data.- 55. Pathological investigations.- Chairman’s summary.

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Book SynopsisIt is almost twenty years ago since under Nutricia's auspices the first Nutricia Symposium took place. Professor Jonxis was mainly responsible for the organiza- tion of the earlier symposia, whilst Professor Visser organized the fifth Nutricia Symposium in 1978. This book is the commitment to paper of the lectures given during the sixth Nutricia/Cow & Gate Symposium held in Louvain in 1983. Both Professor Eeckels and Professor Ransome-Kuti succeeded in collecting a panel of experts on 'Child Health in the Tropics'. We hope, in fact we are sure, that you will consider the contents of this book a daily stimulation in your medical profession. October 1984 Contents Preface...V List of authors ...XI List of participants...XIV SESSION I FEEDING, FEEDING PRACTICES AND GROWTH Chairman: Chap-Yung Yeung A. Omololu, The practice of breastfeeding ...3 M. G. M. Rowland, S. G. l. Goh, S. Tullock, D. T. Dunn and R. l. Hayes, Growth and weaning in urban Gambian infants...9 W. Klaver, Some considerations on the formulation of weaning mixes. . 19 R. G. Hendrickse, The influence of mycotoxins on child health in the tropics...29 V. S. Tanphaichitr, C. Tuchinda, V. Suvatte and S. Tuchinda, Bodily growth in thalassemia ...43 L. Sinisterra, Ecological evaluation of human development: the case of the child in the tropics...51 SESSION II DIARRHOEAL DISEASES Chairman: o. Ransome-Kuti A. M. Molla, S. A. Sarker, A. Molla, M. Kathoon, W. B.Table of ContentsSession I Feeding, Feeding Practices and Growth Chairman: Chap-Yung Yeung.- The practice of breastfeeding.- Growth and weaning in urban Gambian infants.- Some considerations on the formulation of weaning mixes.- The influence of mycotoxins on child health in the tropics.- Bodily growth in thalassemia.- Ecological evaluation of human development: the case of the child in the tropics.- Session II Diarrhoeal Diseases Chairman: O. Ransome-Kuti.- Rice based oral rehydration therapy in acute diarrhoea: a superior therapy and a medium for calorie supplementation.- Acute infantile gastroenteritis in Hong Kong.- Diarrhoeal diseases in children and oral rehydration in Nigeria.- Diarrhoeal diseases in Pakistani children.- Diarrhoeal diseases and mortality in infants and children.- Acute diarrhea in the Dominican Republic.- Effect of nutritional status of children on intake and absorption of nutrients.- Session III Nutrition Chairman: J.H.P. Jonxis.- Methods for evaluating nutrition and health status.- Assessing nutrition at village level.- A study of some aspects of marginal malnutrition amongst Egyptian infants and young children.- Epidemiology and clinical assessment of vitamin deficiencies in Thai children.- Some aspects of protein-energy malnutrition in the highlands of Central Africa.- Perspectives on world malnutrition.- Session IV The Newborn Infant Chairman: O.P. Ghai.- Sources of excess low birth weight in developing countries.- Some aspects of perinatal growth: can perinatal health be measured in kilograms?.- Maturity of the Nigerian newborn infant.- Neonatal intensive care in the developing countries: conservative or agressive approach.- Determinants of fetal growth and early-postnatal growth in a rural area of Indonesia.- The pregnancy monitoring chart: an approach to reduce the prevalence of low birth weight by village cadres.- The mother-infant dyad in Madura, Indonesia: nutritional aspects.- Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia.- Session V Training and Teaching — Primary Health Care Systems Chairman: R.G. Hendrickse.- Training of overseas paediatricians in the U.K.: relevance to primary child health care.- Nutrition in primary health care: functional analysis.- Primary health care in the hospital.- Utilisation of child health services in developing countries.- What has medicine in the Western World learned from work in developing countries?.- Summing up and conclusions.- Index of subjects.

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Book SynopsisThe first symposium of the Society for the Study ofInborn valuable overview of advances in the application of Errors of Metabolism (SSIEM) on the organic acid urias chemical analysis of amniotic fluid to their early prenatal was held in Leeds in 1971 and published by the Society in diagnosis. The continuing complexity of diagnosis, 1972 (the 9th Annual SSIEM Symposium). Although biochemistry and aetiology ofthe dicarboxylic acid urias relatively few of these disorders were recognized at that has been admirably reduced by the papers from Dr time, the symposium was prompted by the then recent Gregersen and Dr Goodman, with Dr Goodman clearly identification between 1966 and 1970 of isovaleric identifying the primary defect in the polycystic variant of acidaemia, methylmalonic aciduria, propionic aci- multiple acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ("glutaric daemia, pyroglutamic aciduria and 3-methylcrotonyl- aciduria type II") as a deficiency of electron transfer glycinuria. Identification and diagnosis of diseases of this flavoprotein (ETF) dehydrogenase. Dr Engel's paper kind had greatly improved primarily through the also provides a useful overview from currently available application of gas chromatography and mass spectro- data of the place of L-carnitine in the organic acid urias, metry to medicine, although the complexity of the an area in which rapid developments are occurring. The underlying biochemistry and the genetic heterogeneity of emerging understanding of the aetiologies of the the organic acidurias was not then realised.Table of ContentsPreface.- Section I: Clinical aspects: management and outcome.- Neonatal management of organic acidurias. Clinical update (Hudson Memorial Lecture).- Long term outcome of organic acidurias: survey of 105 French cases (1967-1983).- The management and long term outcome of organic acidaemias.- Prenatal diagnosis of the organic acidurias.- Symptoms and signs in organic acidurias.- Section II: Dicarboxylic acidurias and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies.- Fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: enzyme measurement and studies on alternative metabolism.- Glutaric acidaemia type II (multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency).- Carnitine metabolism and inborn errors.- Gas chromatography—mass spectrometry (GC—MS) diagnosis of 2 cases of medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.- The differential diagnosis of dicarboxylic aciduria.- Animal models for dicarboxylic aciduria.- Section III: Disorders of the respiratory chain and the lactic acidaemias.- Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and respiratory chain: review.- Mitochondrial myopathies: disorders of the respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation.- Lactic acidaemia.- Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency.- Organic acids in urine of patients with congenital lactic acidoses: an aid to differential diagnosis.- Section IV: A new disorder: 4-hydroxybutyric aciduria.- Clinical review.- Biochemical findings.- Enzymology and mode of inheritance.- Section V: Short Communications.- Preface to Short Communications.- Free Communications.- Electron-transferring flavoprotein deficiency in the multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation disorders, glutaric aciduria type II and ethylmalonic-adipic aciduria.- Glutaric aciduria type II: multiple defects in isolated muscle mitochondria and deficient ?-oxidation in fibroblasts.- Glutaryl CoA dehydrogenase activity determined with intact electron-transport chain: application to glutaric aciduria type II.- Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: apparent Km and Vmax values for fibroblast acyl-CoA dehydrogenase towards octanoyl-CoA in patient and control cell lines.- Mitochondrial myopathy with partial cytochrome oxidase deficiency and impaired oxidation of NADH-linked substrates.- L-Carnitine insufficiency in disorders of organic acid metabolism: response to L-carnitine by patients with methylmalonic aciduria and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria.- An evaluation of urine lactate for detection of inborn errors of metabolism.- Metabolic acidosis versus a compensation of respiratory alkalosis in four children with Leigh’s disease.- Chemical diagnosis of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase deficiency.- 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric, 3-methylglutaconic and 3-methylglutaric acids can be non-specific indicators of metabolic disease.- Different organic acid patterns in urine and in cerebrospinal fluid in a patient with biotinidase deficiency.- Biotinidase deficiency: the possible role of biotinidase in the processing of dietary protein-bound biotin.- Biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD): deficient biotinidase activity associated with renal loss of biotin.- Organic acids in urine: sample preparation for GC/MS.- Experience with prenatal diagnosis of propionic acidaemia and methylmalonic aciduria.- Methylmalonic aciduria with homocystinuria.- Two cases of ß-ketothiolase deficiency: a comparison.- L-Glyceric aciduria (primary hyperoxaluria type 2) in siblings in two unrelated families.- The antenatal diagnosis and aid to the management of hereditary tyrosinaemia by use of a specific and sensitive GC—MS assay for succinylacetone.- The enzyme defects in hereditary tyrosinaemia type I.- The possibility for prenatal diagnosis of PKU by linkage analyses based on phenylalanine hydroxylase locus specific DNA-polymorphisms.- Complementation between argininosuccinate synthetase-deficient and argininosuccinate lyase-deficient fibroblasts depends on intercellular communication.- Molecular lesion of non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia.- Prolidase deficiency: detection of cases by a newborn urinary screening programme.- Type Ib glycogen storage disease: an in vivo and in vitro study of two cases.- The lactate concentration of the urine, a parameter for the adequacy of dietary treatment of patients with glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency.- Sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency in a family with congenital cataracts.- Thiamin-responsive megaloblastic anaemia: a disorder of thiamin transport?.- Acid esterase deficiency: comparison of biochemical findings in infantile and adult forms.- Steroid sulphatase deficiency. Steroid sulphatase and arylsulphatase C determination in normal and affected fibroblasts.- Steroid sulphatase deficiency is present in patients with the syndrome’ ichthyosis and male hypogonadism’ and with’ Rud syndrome’.

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Book SynopsisThis book tries to trace the course of social development in the child from birth to maturity. It assumes that the neonate comes into the world with the endowment and the need to contact others, to attach itself to the surrounding humans and by this very endowment enforces these humans to attach themselves to it. The book follows the main vicissitudes in this process and describes in short outlines some of the disturbing manifestations of failure at different ages in the smooth progress of socialization - the process by which the child adapts to the requirements of the social group of which he is a member. In accordance with recent studies the book stresses the influence on social development of the wider environment. It is no longer believed that the quality of the early mother­ child relationship exclusively determines all later develop­ ment. The book also surveys the present state of assessment and treatment methods and tries to indicate where short intervention by the developmental paediatrician might be sufficient and where more long-term intensive treatment by specialists would be needed. The author agrees with A. M. and A. D. B. Clarke (1976) that early experiences, though powerful, are not irreversible, and that with changes in environmental circumstances, and with under- 9 Social development standing of the main causal factors for the deviance, the effect of adverse early events may be modified and develop­ ment towards normal social progress may to some extent be restored.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements.- 1 Communicating with the infant.- 2 Attachment and the growth of fear.- 3 Separation experiences.- 4 First steps to independence.- 5 Who am I? The establishment of identity.- 6 The middle school years.- 7 Social adjustment in adolescence.- 8 Assessment and treatment.- References.

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Book SynopsisThe maltreatment of children is an issue that has always been with us and civilized societies provide a range of services both social and medical to care for the children and families afflicted. In recent years, greater attention has been drawn to the medical aspects by competent authorities in the fields of forensic medicine, forensic psychiatry, epidemiological psychiatry, child psychiatry and family psychiatry; as well as the social aspects by those child welfare and child care agencies who have the difficult and distasteful task of removing children, with the help of the courts, from parents who can abuse them and are not able to care for them adequately. A multitude of social agencies, whose range of ac­ tivities involve both the care and, where possible, the social betterment of afflicted families are now involved. Not least in importance is an increase in our global knowledge to help in the prevention or better treatment of these problems. This means more informa­ tion on familial and genetic factors in human central nervous system develop­ ment in its broadest sense. This would include how the central nervous system originates, mediates and controls the build up, speed of development and im­ pulsive release, mastery and direction of aggressive drives and impulses. Very little is so far known about these factors.Table of Contents1. Introduction — a child speaks.- 2. Child abuse and neglect — medical aspects.- 3. Radiological and pathological aspects of the battered child syndrome.- 4. Management of the problem.- 5. The epidemiology of child abuse.- 6. The extent of child abuse.- 7. The psychiatrist’s viewpoint.- 8. The psychological aspects of child abuse.- 9. The needs of children.- 10. Child abuse, neglect and deprivation and the family.- 11. Medical-legal and societal problems involving children — child prostitution, child pornography and drug-related abuse; recommended legislation.- 12. The contributions of the social agencies and the social worker.- 13. The emergence of the child as a legal entity.- Appendix J. E. Oliver.

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Book SynopsisThe study of inherited metabolic disease became a subject of more than academic interest in 1953 when Bickel, Gerrard and Hickmans dis­ covered that the totally disabling consequences of phenylketonuria could be prevented if treatment was instituted in the first months of life. This required the widespread screening of all newborn babies and 7 years later this had been successfully achieved in the United King­ dom. The next 10 years was a period of consolidation: screening methods were improved and extended to include other disorders; treatment of phenylketonuria was vastly improved with the stimulus of the increasing numbers of patients being detected, and research into new forms of therapy for some of the other disorders being detected has been initiated. The success of this scheme is illustrated by the remarkable achievement reported by the Phenylketonuria Registry referred to in the present volume. But at what cost has this progress been made? It is unnecessary to discuss the financial cost for many of the developments would not have been started if their economic value in the system of health care had not been unequivocally established.Table of ContentsThe Nature and Size of the Problem.- 1 The need for a national policy for the management of inherited metabolic disease.- 2 Genetic screening and allied services: structure, process and objective.- Present Methods of Management.- 3 The role of the paediatrician.- 4 Management of dietary treatment in the home.- 5 Residential management.- Community Reaction to Present Practice.- 6 Parent reaction to medical care and screening.- 7 Screening for Tay—Sachs disease.- 8 Genetic counselling clinics.- 9 The coming of the second genetic code: eugenic abortion in the United Kingdom.- Aspects of Management Requiring Central Policy.- 10 The basis for prescriptive screening.- 11 Resources for nutritional treatment: basic principles and a national ‘Food Bank’.- 12 Detection of heterozygotes.- 13 Prenatal diagnosis.- 14 The phenylketonuria register for the United Kingdom.- 15 Computerized central registers.- 16 Mechanized storage and retrieval of information.- 17 Computer-aided diagnosis of inherited metabolic disease.- The Fourth Milner Lecture.- 18 The biochemical autopsy: a tool for studies of genetically-determined brain disorders.

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Book SynopsisThe rapid growth of immunology has greatly increased our understanding of disease; this growth has also generated a subject which at times appears separated from some of the basic medical sciences. Recent studies in the areas of purine metabolism and of polymorphonuclear neutrophil phago­ cyte function have, however, linked immunology and clinical medicine with biochemistry. The precise defects of the inborn errors of metabolism have now provided good evidence for the importance of purine metabolism specifically the enzymes adenosine deaminase and nucleoside phosphorylase in lymphocyte function. In view of this and the steady advance of clinical and biochemical investigation of the polymorphonuclear neutrophil phago­ cyte, it appeared timely to review the inborn errors of immunity and phagocytosis at the fifteenth annual symposium of the Society for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism at Elsinore, Denmark on September II-14th, I~77. The papers presented at that meeting form the basis of this volume which brings together contributions from immunologists, biochemists and clinicians. This interdisciplinary communication should be helpful to those concerned with immune function in their patients or in the laboratory. The book is divided into four sections, One: defects of cell-mediated immunity, Two: enzyme defects and immunodeficiency, Three: disorders of non-specific immunity and Four: screening for immunodeficiency. Section One contains two reviews, one on immunodeficiency from Robert Good's group in New York and another on the genetics of the immune system from Arne Svejgaard of Copenhagen.Table of ContentsSection One Defects of Cell-mediated Immunity.- 1 Immunodeficiency diseases — a review.- 2 Genetics of the immune system.- Section Two Enzyme Defects and Immunodeficiency.- 3 Inborn errors of specific immunity: adenosine deaminase deficiency and purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency — The Milner Lecture.- 4 Adenosine deaminase deficiency: enzyme replacement therapy and investigations of the biochemical basis of immunodeficiency.- 5 Prenatal diagnosis and heterozygote detection in adenosine deaminase deficiency.- 6 Pathogenic mechanisms in deficiencies of adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase.- 7 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency associated with cellular immunodeficiency: immunological studies during treatment.- 8 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency associated with cellular immunodeficiency: metabolic studies during treatment.- 9 Severe combined immunodeficiency with B lymphocytes: a selective defect of precursor T cells.- 10 Purine metabolism and the control of lymphocyte proliferation. Effects of exogenous adenosine on normal human lymphocytes.- 11 Activity of adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase in lymphocytes of man, horse and cattle.- 12 Ageing and activities of purine metabolizing enzymes in leukocytes.- 13 Immune function in Down’s syndrome.- Section Three Disorders of Non-specific Immunity.- 14 Morphological and biochemical alterations of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) leukocytes from patients with inborn errors of phagocytic function: a comprehensive review.- 15 Experimental approaches to the role of mononuclear phagocytes in non-specific immunity.- 16 Molecular bases of the metabolic excitability of phagocytes.- 17 Chronic granulomatous disease — biochemistry with special reference to oxygen metabolism.- 18 The protective role of glutathione.- 19 Defective initiation of the metabolic stimulation in phagocytizing granulocytes.- 20 Modification of genetic expression in phagocytes.- 21 Neutrophil granulocyte chemotaxis in a reversible Boyden chamber.- 22 Simplified tests of leukocytic function.- 23 Antigen-induced neutrophil dysfunction in a patient with chronic eczema, recurrent ‘cold’ staphylococcal infections and hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E.- 24 Lack of myeloperoxidase-mediated iodination in granulocytes from a patient with generalized pustular psoriasis.- 25 Functional characteristics of neutrophil granulocytes from children with recurrent respiratory infections.- 26 Pneumocystis carinii infection in a girl with chronic granulomatous disease treated with transfusions of granulocytes.- Discussion.- Section Four Screening for Immunodeficiency.- Round Table Discussion.

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Book SynopsisHyperactivity has historically been a major concern of parents and teachers. Over the years, the term has come to mean many things to different persons. For some, the term is synonymous with "brain damage," and the prescribed course of treatment is medical. For others, the term is a catch­ all, covering almost any behaviors that are found to be obtrusive or disrup­ tive by the child's caretakers. In recent years, there has been a great outcry by some over the use and abuse of the term as a justification for controlling the child. Others have expressed great concern over the excessive, inappro­ priate, or poorly monitored use of drug therapy with regard to hyperactivity. The current interest in hyperactive children is reflected in several major books (Cantwell, 1975; Feingold, 1975; Fine, 1977; Ross and Ross, 1976; Wender, 1973; Safer and Allen, 1976; Stewart and Olds, 1973). The num­ ber of published papers and symposia over the last several years is also voluminous. The main questions posed by practitioners revolve around intervention with the hyperactive child. The growing literature on intervention has identified a variety of approaches with demonstrated utility; including drug therapy, behavior modification, biofeedback, sensory-motor training, cog­ nitive training, environmental manipulations, and family therapy.Table of ContentsI Introduction.- 1. The Hyperactive Child.- II Case Studies.- 2. Behavioral Approaches to Hyperactivity.- Case Study #1. The Use of School and Home Management Programs to Diminish the Inappropriate Behavior Emitted by an Eight- Year-Old Hyperactive Student.- Case Study #2. The Use of Activity and Token Reinforces to Increase the Reading Achievement and Appropriate Social Behavior of a Seven-Year-Old Hyperactive Student.- Case Study #3. Cognitive-Behavior Modification in a Case of Impulsivity/Overactivity.- Case Study #4. The Use of Self-Management to Improve Readmg Skills in a Hyperactive Child.- Case Study #5. Effects of Parent Trainmg on Behavioral Tempo in a Preschool-Aged Boy.- Case Study #6. Contingency Contracting With a Hyperactive Boy and His Parents.- 3. Autogenic Training: Learning Body Control.- Case Study #7. The Effects of Biofeedback Training on and Eight-Year-Old Boy.- Case Study #8. The Use of Biofeedback Training on a Nine-Year-Old Child.- Case Study #9. Relaxation Therapy With a Hyperactive Sk-Year-Old Child.- Case Study #10. The Eclectic Use of Biofeedback, Behavior Therapy and Therapeutic Counseling by a Male/Female Team in Effectively Treating Hyperkinesis.- 4. Psychoeducational Intervention.- Case Study #11. Psychoeducational Programming With a Hyperactive Child.- Case Study #12. Use of a Structured Classroom Approach With a Multisensory Instructional Strategy.- 5. Perceptual-Motor Training.- Case Study #13. Perceptual-Motor Training With a Five- Year-Old Boy.- Case Study #14. Perceptual-Motor Training With a Six- Year-Old Girl.- 6. Ecological Considerations.- Case Study #15. An Ecological Perspective of Hyperactivity in a Preschool Child With Developmental Delay.- Case Study #16. Teacher Consultation as an Intervention With a Hyperactive Second-Grade Boy.- 7. Psychotherapeutic Intervention.- Case Study #17. A Therapeutic, Multi-Faceted Intervention Program With a Preschool Hyperactive Boy.- Case Study #18. Structural Family Therapy With the Family of a Hyperactive Child.- 8. Diet Management.- Case Study #19. Diet Management With an Eleven-Year Old Boy.- Case Study #20. Diet Management With a Seven-Year-Old Boy.- Case Study #21. Treatment of Hyperactivity in a Child With Allergies to Foods.- III Measurement, Diagnosis, and Intervention.- 9. A Review and Appraisal of Instruments Assessing Hyperactivity in Children.- 10. Diagnosis and Intervention: A Summing Up.

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Book SynopsisThe past fifteen years have seen a resurgence of interest in the psychology of female development, impelled by factors both intrinsic and external to psychoanalysis. Within psychoanalysis, increasingly sophisticated formulations regarding ego development and object relations have modified and elaborated drive-oriented conceptualizations of psychosexual development. In addition, the recent focus upon narcissistic and borderline adult pathologies has led to a closer examination of the earliest phases of life, with emphasis upon early mother-child interactions and the nature of early identifications, narcissistic development and the formation of gender identity. The social and cultural changes reflected in the women's movement resulted in widespread charges that Freudian doctrine concerning female development was denigrating and phallocentric; in responding to this challenge, psychoanalytic theorists were stimulated to reconsider established hypotheses that viewed femininity as a secondary, defensive formulation. In addition, new discoveries and reinterpretations relating to fetal development and the physiology of the female orgasm challenged traditional conceptions about the masculine nature of libido. These various strands of developing knowledge and interest intersect in the area of early female development and make it a focal point from which to investigate and resolve major issues in psychoanalytic thinking. As inconsistencies and errors in the classical formulations about female psychosexual development are discovered, and reformulations made through closely detiriled observations based on current theoretical assumptions, they in tum illuminate issues in ego psychology, object relations and narcissistic development, and enlarge the entire body of psychoanalytic theory.Table of Contents1 On the Origins of Gender Identity.- 2 The Anal Phase.- 3 Considerations about the Development of the Girl during the Separation-Individuation Process.- 4 The Inner-Genital Phase — Prephallic and Preoedipal.- 5 A Suggested Developmental Sequence for a Preoedipal Genital Phase.- 6 The Female Oedipus Complex: Its Antecedents and Evolution.- 7 The Latency Period.- 8 Narcissistic Development.

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Book SynopsisThe chapters in this volume are drawn from the presentations delivered at a symposium on Developmental Disabilities in the Preschool Child. This sym­ posium was held under the auspices of The Institute for Pediatric Service of Johnson and Johnson Baby Products. It was co-sponsored by The College of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Rutgers Medical School, and The In­ stitute for the Study of Exceptional Children, Educational Testing Service. The symposium was held in the Fall of 1979 in Chicago, Illinois and the participants, including Ph. D . 's, Ed. D . 's, and M. D . 's, represented the interdisciplinary approach which characterized the meetings. The interdisciplinary set of speakers was matched by an equally diverse audience who represented almost every profes­ sional group concerned with the needs of disabled children and their families. Because of the successful information exchange that took place, a published volume of the proceedings was determined to be useful for others who were not able to attend. To all those who toil to help developmentally disabled children and their families we dedicate this volume. Michael Lewis Lawrence T. Taft vii CONTENTS Introduction xiii Part I-Sensory Development 1 / Handicapped Child - Facts of Life 3 Me"itt B. Low 2 / Theoretical Issues in the Early Development of Visual Perception 9 Joseph F. Fagan III and Patricia Ann Shepherd 3 / Clinical Appraisal of Vision 35 Richard N.Table of ContentsI—Sensory Development.- 1 / Handicapped Child — Facts of Life.- 2 / Theoretical Issues in the Early Development of Visual Perception.- 3 / Clinical Appraisal of Vision.- 4 / Early Visual Impairment: Research and Assessment.- 5 / Intervention Strategies and the State of Education for the Visually Handicapped.- 6 / Theoretical Issues in the Development of Audition.- 7 / Appraisal of Auditory Function in Children.- 8 / Behavioral Assessment of Infants’ Hearing.- II—Motor Development.- 9 / Theoretical Issues in the Development of Motor Skills.- 10 / Neuromotor Assessment of Infants.- 11 / Intervention for Physically Handicapped Children.- III—Cognitive Development.- 12 / Issues in the Early Development of Intelligence and its Assessment.- 13 / Attention as a Measure of Cognitive Integrity.- 14 / Early Description and Prediction of Developmental Dysfunction in Preschool Children.- 15 / An Information Processing Approach to Infant Cognitive Assessment.- 16 / Effects of Educational Intervention Programs on the Cognitive Development of Young Children.- 17 / The Effects of Educational Intervention on Cognitive Development.- IV—Language Development.- 18 / Theoretical Bases of Language and Communication Development in Preschool Children.- 19 / Clinical Appraisal of Language Functions in the Preschool Child.- 20 / Early Language Intervention: When and How.- V—Affective/Temperament Development.- 21 / Theoretical Perspectives on Emotions in Developmental Disabilities.- 22 / Chnical Appraisal of Temperament.- 23 / Theoretical Issues in Temperament.- 24 / Developmental Disabilities: Intervention Strategies in the Affective Domain.- 25 / Using Our Emotions: Some Principles for Appraising Emotional Development and Intervention.

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Book SynopsisFollowing the pattern of previous years the 11th symposium of the S.S.I.E.M. held in the beautiful sylvan surroundings of Sussex Univ­ ersity, concentrated on a relatively small section of the field of inborn errors. The subject chosen-Inborn Errors of Skin, Hair and Con­ nective Tissue, was a highly topical one. Intensive research during the last few years particularly on the structure and disorders of connective tissue has considerably advanced our knowledge on this subject. We believe that the range of diseases covered, and the depth in which they were discussed, made this meeting unique. The proceedings contain much original material and reference information which should make them an invaluable addition to the literature on metabolic disorders. The work involved is multi-disciplinary involving among others physicists, organic chemists, biochemists, clinical chemists, paedia­ tricians, physicians, geneticists and neurologists. The bringing together of workers of many disciplines to contribute to the particular subject under discussion at our Symposia has always been an important objective of the Society. In this case we were very fortunate in gathering together experts from all the fields mentioned above. In particular we were honoured that Professor A. Dorfman of Chicago could accept our invitation to give the second Milner Lecture. We were also privileged to have some excellent contributions from the research scientists on whom we must rely for our ultimate understanding of the diseases, and rational approach to treatment.Table of ContentsInborn Errors and Skin.- 1 Inborn errors of skin.- Inborn Errors and Hair.- 2 Inherited conditions affecting the proteins of hair.- 3 Some aspects of the use of hair follicles for the biochiemcal study of inborn errors of metabolism.- Inborn Errors of Connective Tissue.- 4 Morphological aspects of the mucopolysaccharidoses.- 5 Glycosaminoglycans of foetal tissue in two cases of Hurler’s syndrome.- 6 The mucolipidioses: with special reference to I-cell disease.- 7 Structure and biosynthesis of collagen.- 8 Biosynthesis of collagen cross-links : relationship of heritable disorders.- 9 Molecular conformations of connective tissue mucopolysaccharides.- 10 Mucopolysaccharides in ageing.- 11 Genetic aspects of mucopolysaccharidoses with special reference to heterozygous carriers.- The Second Milner Lecture.- 12. Genetic defects of the degradation of glycosaminoglycans: the mucopolysaccharidoses.- 13 Chemistry of dermatan sulphate accumulated intracellularly in Hunter’s disease.- 14 The treatment of genetic mucopolysaccharidoses.- Laboratory Aspects of the Mucopolysaccharides Including diagnosis and screening.- 15 The laboratory diagnosis of the mucopolysaccharidoses.- 16 Screening newborns for mucopolysaccharidoses.- 17 Acid glycosaminoglycan excretion in the mucopolysaccharidoses: determination of glycosaminoglycans in urine and amniotic fluid using new micro-analytical techniques.- 18 An evaluation of methods suitable for a clinical laboratory study of abnormal glycosaminoglycan excretion.

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Book SynopsisThe use of cultured cells in the clinical diagnosis of hereditary metabolic dis­ ease is a rapidly developing subject to which many different disciplines have brought their expertise and knowledge. A number of scientists who have in­ dividually contributed to the growth of the subject gave invited papers at the Fourteenth Symposium of the Society for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism in the University of Edinburgh on 13-16th July, 1976. These papers form the basis of this monograph which brings together contributions from the basic sciences and from physicians concerned primarily with human disease. The cross-fertilization produced by this interdisciplinary communica­ tion was invaluable to those trying to understand and overcome diagnostic problems posed by hereditary metabolic disease. Cell culture methods and cell preservation techniques were described by D. G. Harnden and D. E. Pegg; Dr T. Elsdale outlined some of the factors which control in vitro cell growth and division. Cell culture methods and cryopreser­ vation techniques have allowed the wide distribution of biochemically abnor­ mal cells and their study over long periods of time. It is also evident that when a defect which produces severe metabolic disorder in man can be studied in the laboratory using isolated cell cultures a wide variety of investigative procedures can be focused on to the cellular defect without distress or discomfort to the patient or relatives.Table of ContentsCell Biology.- 1 Cell Biology and Cell Culture Methods—A Review.- 2 Influence of Cell Culture Medium on the Metabolic Behaviour of the Fibroblast.- 3 Density-dependent Growth Regulation in Cultures of Human Diploid Fibroblasts.- 4 Cryopreservation of Tissue Culture Cells.- 5 Tissue Culture in the Study of Neuromuscular Diseases.- 6 Culture of Neurons and Glial Cells.- Biochemistry.- 7 The Biochemistry of Cytodifferentiation: an Outline of Progress.- 8 A Comparison of Leucocytes and Cultured ‘Fibroblasts’ in Diagnosis.- 9 Acid Hydrolase Production, Release and Uptake by Cultured Fibroblasts.- 10 Sulphatase Deficiencies.- 11 Clinical, Biochemical and Genetic Heterogeneity in Gangliosidoses.- 12 The Cell Membrane in Metabolic Control: The Regulation of Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Familial Hypercholesterolaemia.- Milner Lecture.- 13 Newer Developments in Tissue Culture: Further Aid in the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism.- Short Papers.

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Book SynopsisThis volume was inspired by an annual meeting of the American Col­ lege of N europsychopharmacology held in Maui, Hawaii. A panel on psychobiological issues of childhood was held, with presentations devoted to antidepressant drug levels in depressed prepubertal children, re­ sponses of normal and hyperactive children to stimulant medication, and the vulnerability of the adolescent offspring of manic-depressive parents to affective illnesses. The session drew a large crowd, and it seemed appropriate to develop these topics in a book. Many of the authors in this volume attended that conference, and the book reflects the fact that psychobiological research in children has moved even further along than was envisioned at Maui. In keeping with developments in the field, this volume surveys key topics of interest, including nosological issues surrounding the attention deficit disorder of childhood, the ontology of neurotransmitter systems in the human brain, and the relation between child psychiatric disorders and sleep patterns. Other studies link the clinical effects of drugs with plasma DBH activity or with attentional measures. The side effects of on growth are examined, as well as the ethical issues involved in drugs on children. These areas continue to be of vital interest.Table of Contents1. Biopsychosocial Aspects of the Hyperactive Child Syndrome.- 2. Ethical Considerations in Psychobiological Research in Children.- 3. The Medical Model: Is It Useful in Child Psychiatry?.- 4. Neurotransmitter Ontogeny as a Perspective for Studies of Child Development and Pathology.- 5. Sleep Studies in Children with Psychiatric Disorders.- 6. Altered Cognitive Processes in Children: Psychobiological Methods of Approval.- 7. Stimulant Related Growth Inhibition in Children: A Review.- 8. Subclassification of Hyperactive Children on the Basis of Minor Physical Anomalies and Plasma Dopamine-Beta-Hydroxylase Activity: An Attempted Replication.- 9. Methylphenidate in Hyperactive and Enuretic Children.- 10. Pilot Trial of Mianserin Hydrochloride for Childhood Hyperactivity.

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Table of ContentsAcknowledgments.- Series Editor’s Note.- 1 Introduction and Definition of Language.- Communication and language.- Definition of language.- 2 Prelanguage.- Concepts.- Development of object recognition.- Situational understanding.- Development from situational understanding to symbolic understanding.- 3 Normal Development of Verbal Language.- Early phrase patterns.- The first object labels.- Word combinations.- Noun-verb stage.- Stage of three or more concepts and simple sentences.- Use of past and future tenses.- Intellectual use of language.- 4 Developmental Language Delays and Deviations.- Problems of attention and listening.- Developmental language delay.- Deviant language development.- Verbal language, peripheral.- 5 Assessment of the Stages in Prelanguage Development.- Aims.- The starting-point.- Arrangement of room.- The stages in prelanguage development.- Assessment of symbolic understanding.- 6 Assessment of the Stages in Verbal Language Development.- The first verbal label.- Selection of common objects in response to naming.- Word combinations.- Noun-verb stage.- Relating three or more ‘operative’ words, and use of simple sentences.- Assessment of higher levels of language understanding and use.- Conclusion.- 7 Assessment of Difficult Children.- Very shy, withdrawn children.- Restless, hyperactive children.- Self-determined non-cooperating children.- Children with severe motor difficulties.- 8 The Question of Referring Children for Ongoing Help.- Consideration of age.- Degree of language handicap.- Type of language handicap.- Conclusion.- 9 Case Studies.- A deaf child: Mark.- A blind child: David.- A mentally handicapped child: Ruth.- A child with cerebral palsy: Karen.- A child with developmental language handicap: James.- Plotting progress.- 10 Remedial Measures.- Theoretical basis.- The setting.- Assessments.- Results.- Relation to degree of handicap and associated handicaps.- Discussion and practical implications.- Conclusion.- Appendix I References.- Appendix II Reading List.- Appendix III Suggested List of Materials for Assessment.

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Book SynopsisThe frontispiece of this book is called 'The invisible handicap'. Most deaf children, with the exception of very unfortunate multiple-handicap children, look quite normal. The young babies who are sent to my clinics for confirm­ ation (or otherwise) of a hearing loss are very often handsome, delightful infants with no other problems. The deaf child only reveals his handicap when communi­ cation is attempted. At that point the picture changes. To an ill-informed observer this child, who had previously seemed quite normal and who had been seen to be playing normally, suddenl y appears' stu pid'. That, unhappily, is too often the attitude of the general public towards the deaf person. There is far too often a total misunderstanding of the problems of both the deaf child and the deaf adult. It must also be admitted that far too often the speech of the deaf is very ugly and when this is added to their difficulties in verbal comprehension we begin to understand why the attitude of the public at large is ill-judged, intolerant and occasionally even hostile. We must, therefore, aim for three goals. The first must be the ever-increasing education of hearing people about the problems of the deaf, with maximum attempts to involve them with the activities of the deaf community', which has evolved for self-protection and mutual help and under- 11 The development of hearing standing, and which must be opened up to sympathetic hearing people.Table of Contents1 Introductory matters: what is our aim?.- 2 Infants at risk.- 3 The nature of sound.- 4 A physician’s revision of the anatomy of the ear.- 5 When and where?.- 6 Situations for testing.- 7 Taking a history and its importance.- 8 Methods of testing hearing: (a) Distraction techniques.- 9 Methods of testing hearing: (b) Cooperative tests involving speech (c) Conditioning techniques.- 10 Use of the pure tone audiometer.- 11 Causes of hearing loss: (a) Genetic causes.- 12 Causes of hearing loss: (b) Other causes.- 13 The treatment of sensorineural hearing loss: (a) Amplification.- 14 The treatment of sensorineural hearing loss: (b) Auditory training and special education.- 15 Problems of the middle ear.- 16 Deafness associated with mental handicap.- 17 Objective hearing tests.- 18 The deaf child and his family.- Appendix 1: Apparatus.- Appendix 2: Useful addresses.

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Book Synopsisth th st . On December 19 ,20 and 21 1979, we had the opportunlty to organize a Workshop on "Antenatal factors affecting meta­ bolic adaptation to extrauterine life - Role of carbohydra­ tes and energy metabolism". This meeting was made possible thanks to grants from the Committee of Medical Research and Public Health (CRM) of the Commission of European Communi­ ties. We want to express our warmst gratitude for the effort that has been made and we hope that the exchange of information between the participants will allow better understanding of the mechanism of adaptation to extrauterine life and that the conclusions drawn will contribute to a better care of the newborn. Adaptation to extrauterine life is one of the most impor­ tant steps in life. At the moment of birth, numerous conditions are drastically changed and in order to survive the newborn has to rely upon new sources of energy and of substrates. This switch over has to occur smoothly and any adaptation failure will result in the disturbance of impor­ tant metabolic functions. Mortality and morbidity in neo­ natal period remain still very high in comparison with the figures observed later in life; the reduction of mortality has been much more important in child and adult than in neonates.Table of ContentsSession I : Carbohydrate Utilization in the Newborn.- The metabolism of glycogen in the liver of foetal and new-born rats.- Hormonal control of fetal liver glycogen metabolism.- Extrahepatic glycogen stores and their role in homeostasis.- Factors regulating blood glucose in the fetus and in the newborn.- Glucose turnover in the newborn rat.- Factors affecting intra uterine glycogen storage.- Factors affecting glucose metabolism in the newborn rat.- Carbohydrate metabolism in intrauterine growth retardation.- Discussion: Britton, Jones, Minkowski, Hull, Milner.- Session II : Energy Expenditure.- Caloric needs of the newborn..- Variations in the rate of oxygen consumption of newborn human infants.- Energy requirements for growth in the neonate.- The role of oleic acid as a substitute for glucose in brain cell cultures of neonatal mice.- Discussion: Britton, Hull, Girard, Bossi, Helge, Verellen, Minkowski.- Session III: Regulation of Insulin and Glucagon Secretion.- Insulin secretion and metabolism in the rat fetus during late gestation.- Glucagon secretion during the perinatal period.- Plasma insulin and glucagon in well-oxygenated and hypoxic fetal lambs.- Effects of insulin and glucagon on the mother and in the fetus.- Plasma corticosteroids in normal, premature and “small-for-dates” newborn infants throughout the neonatal period.- Somatomedin A activity in newborns.- Session IV: Practical Implications and General Discussion.- Effect of maternal diabetes on glucose regulation in the newborn.- Oral feeding recommendations in full-term and premature newborns.- Discussion: Eggermont, Salle, Teller, Shelley, De Meyer, Van Assche, Senterre, Verellen.- Summary, general discussion and some matters of thinking.

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Book SynopsisFormerly the policy of masterly inactivity was generally accepted in obstetrical practice. However, this is no longer true at the beginning of the present decade, and the authors are to be congratulated in trying to stimulate their juniors to approach the problems of Pre-natal Paediatrics in a well informed manner. Whilst inactivity may still be the treatment of choice in certain cases, it should only be carried out with the full knowledge that all is well, and this obviously will involve the use and understanding of new investigations and techniques. In my opinion the authors have achieved their aims and though there are those who may always have reservations, they must surely accept the authors' appraisal of the modern approach to this science. VICTOR R. TINDALL Cardiff, I97 I PREFACE This book confines itself to those aspects of pre-natal develop­ ment which are of importance to the clinician. We hope to present a reasonably concise account of this relatively new and rapidly expanding field of medical science. Stress is given to concepts which may not yet be in many standard obstetric and paediatric texts. Also, we wish to provide an easily accessible collection of reference data for the busy member of junior staff to refer to during the course of his routine work. We therefore make no apology for any repetition needed to make each section readable without many cross references.Table of Contents1 A ‘sketch map’ of fetal morphology and function.- 2 Adaptation to the newborn state: fetal monitoring.- 3 Assessment of placental function.- 4 Estimation of length of gestation.- 5 Disorders of fetal growth.- 6 Blood group iso-immunization.- 7 Drugs and the fetus.- 8 Fetal infection and the effects of maternal disease.- 9 Genetics and genetic counselling.- 10 Management of fetal abnormalities.- 11 Pre-natal environmental influences on behaviour.- Appendices.- 1 Fetal growth charts.- 2 Technique of amniocentesis.

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Book SynopsisThis is a most valuable contribution to paediatric diagnosis which highlights the importance of this essentially visual method in the study of practical paediatric problems. Each topic consists of a concise, informative and scholarly text supported, where appropriate, by key references, many giving a historical perspective. There are over 400 high quality colour plates with descriptive legends, many of which analyse in some detail the individual features of a face regarded as abnormal or dysmorphic, often a necessary practical prerequisite to establishing a definitive diagnosis. The importance of recognising subtle expressive changes and 'facial signals' is considered in relation to emotional disorders. Throughout, the book is leavened by tables listing important diagnostic clues, cranio-facial or otherwise.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisNonsurgical Sports Medicine provides a broad range of information that complements a physician's general knowledge and that will be invaluable in assessing patients with sports-related injuries.Trade ReviewFull of valuable information for those treating athletes and physically active individuals... Well written and succinct, this book is recommended primarily for physicians and athletic trainers. Choice 2003 This book reviews virtually all aspects of clinical practice of sports medicine... To include all these areas in a single textbook is a huge challenge, which I believe the authors have successfully met... I recommend this text for physicians who see sports medicine cases in their regular practice as well as physicians who care for teams at home and on the road. -- J. William Mackie, MD, CCFP, FCFP Canadian Family Physician 2004Table of ContentsContents:List of Tables and FiguresIntroduction1. The Preparticipation Physical Examination 2. Preexisting Medical Conditions 3. Infectious Diseases 4. Ergogenic Agents 5. Injuries to the Head and Spine 6. Upper-Extremity Injuries 7. Lower-Extremity Injuries 8. Overuse Syndromes 9. The Older and Younger Athlete 10. The Female Athlete 11. Environmental Conditions and Exercise 12. Medical Coverage of Athletic EventsAppendix A. Algorithms for Decision Making in Management of Injuries 1. Head Injury 2. Neck Injury 3. Shoulder Injury 4. Knee Injury 5. Ankle Injury Appendix B. Most Common Injuries by Sport Index

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Book SynopsisThe third edition features a new chapter on recognition, prevention, and remediation of burnout in pediatric oncology staff members, while throughout the book, chapters have been revised and updated to reflect the impact of new antibiotic agents, new antiemetics, and new approaches to pain management.Trade ReviewThe authors have collected very valuable, extensive and up-to-date information on the subjects treated: an ideal reference for all professionals involved in the multidisciplinary care of pediatric cancer patients. -- Susanne Suter European Journal of Pediatrics 2004 This third edition of Supportive Care of Children with Cancer is a highly useful, ready-reference handbook for nurses, medical staff and oncologists involved in paediatric oncology care. Cancer World 2005Table of ContentsForewordPrefaceAbbreviationsList of ContributorsChapter 1. The Prevention of InfectionChapter 2. ImmunizationChapter 3. The Management of Fever and NeutropeniaChapter 4. Blood Component TherapyChapter 5. Hemorrhagic and Thrombotic ComplicationsChapter 6. Hematopoietic Growth FactorsChapter 7. Monitoring and Management of Drug Toxicity Chapter 8. The Management of Drug Extravasation Chapter 9. Side Effects of Radiation TherapyChapter 10. Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and VomitingChapter 11. The Management of Pain Chapter 12. Oncologic EmergenciesChapter 13. Nutritional SupportChapter 14. Mouth CareChapter 15. Central Venous AccessChapter 16. The Sexually Mature Young Adult Patient With CancerChapter 17. Care of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patient After Leaving the Transplant CenterChapter 18. Psychosocial CareChapter 19. Recognition, Prevention, and Remediation of Burnout in Pediatric Oncology StaffChapter 20. Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Pediatric OncologyChapter 21. Palliative CareIndex

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Book SynopsisWhen their child has cerebral palsy, parents need answers. They seek up-to-date advice they can count on to make sure their child has the best possible health and well-being. For three editions now, a team of experts associated with the Cerebral Palsy Program at the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children have shared vital information through this authoritative resource for parents, who will turn to it time and time again as their child grows. The new edition is thoroughly revised to incorporate the latest medical thinking, including advances in diagnosis, treatment, and terminology. Every chapter includes new content on topics ranging from genetics to pain, temperature control, palliative care, why growth suppression is sometimes recommended, the Affordable Care Act, and how to make it easier for siblings to cope. Chapter 8 has been entirely rewritten to better help adolescents prepare for the transition to adulthood. New classification systems, such as the gross motor function classiTable of ContentsForeword, by Joan Lenett WhinstonPrefaceAcknowledgmentsPART I.1. What Is Cerebral Palsy?2. An Overview of Early Child Development3. Medical Problems Associated with Cerebral Palsy4. Intellectual, Psychological, and Social Development5. Hemiplegia6. Diplegia7. Quadriplegia8. The Adult with Cerebral Palsy9. How the Health Care System Works10. Financing Care for the Child with Cerebral Palsy11. Navigating the Educational System12. Being an Advocate for Your ChildPART II.Taking Care of Yourself When You Care for OthersProtecting the Caregiver's Back: Basic Body MechanicsMaking Things Easier for You and Your ChildChoosing Appropriate SeatingChoosing and Using Car SeatsAbout Wheelchair MaintenancePressure Management AwarenessChoosing a StanderAbout Walkers and Gait TrainersAbout BracesChoosing the Correct ShoesIncreasing Independence with Service DogsManaging the SystemWorking with a Case ManagerLetters of Medical NecessityOccupations for Adults with Cerebral PalsyAbout HospitalizationKeeping Medical History RecordsLife Planning ProcessAbout CastsUsing Nutritional BoostersManaging Tube FeedingsProviding Oral CareToilet Training Your ChildGiving an EnemaGiving Rectal Medications or SuppositoriesSuctioning TechniquesPART III.From Achilles Tendon Lengthening to Vocational RehabilitationResourcesIndex

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Book SynopsisPediatric incontinence: evaluation and clinical management offersurologists practical,''how-to'' clinical guidance towhat is a verycommon problem affecting up to 15% of children aged 6 years old. Introductory chapters cover theneurophysiology, psychological and genetic aspects, as well as theurodynamics of incontinence, before it moves on to itscore focus, namelythe evaluation and management of the problem. All types of management methods will be covered, including behavioural, psychological, medical and surgical, thus providing the reader with a solution to every patient''s specific problem. The outstanding editor team led by Professor Israel Franco, one of the world's leading gurus of pediatric urology, have recruited a truly stellarteam of contributors each of whom haveprovided first-rate, high-quality contributions on theirspecific areas of expertise.Clear management algorithms for each form of treatment support the text, topics of controversyare covereTable of ContentsList of contributors xi Preface xv Section 1: Pathophysiology of bowel and bladder dysfunctionIsrael Franco 1 Neurophysiology of voiding 3Oreoluwa Ogunyemi and Hsi‐Yang Wu 2 Neurophysiology of defecation 15Cecilie Ejerskov and Charlotte Siggaard Rittig 3 Functional brain imaging in bowel and bladder control 21Israel Franco Section 2: Epidemiological aspects of bowel and bladder dysfunctionAlexander von Gontard 4 The epidemiology of childhood incontinence 37Anne J. Wright 5 Quality of life factors in bladder and bowel dysfunction 61Eliane Garcez da Fonseca 6 Psychological aspects in bladder and bowel dysfunction 67Alexander von Gontard 7 Neuropsychiatric disorders and genetic aspects of bowel or bladder dysfunction 73Israel Franco Section 3: Evaluation of bowel and bladder dysfunctionYves Homsy 8 Urodynamics in the pediatric patient 91Beth A. Drzewiecki and Stuart B. Bauer 9 Uroflowmetry and postvoid residual urine tests in incontinent children 99Stephen Shei‐Dei Yang and Shang‐Jen Chang 10 Evaluation of the child with voiding dysfunction 107Yves Homsy 11 Evaluation of constipation and fecal incontinence 121Marc A. Benninga Section 4: Treatments of functional bowel and bladder dysfunctionPaul F. Austin 12 Implementation of urotherapy 133Wendy F. Bower and Janet W. Chase 13 The concept of physiotherapy for childhood BBD 139Janet W. Chase and Wendy F. Bower 14 Biofeedback for the treatment of functional voiding problems 145Ann Raes and Catherine Renson 15 Pharmacotherapy of the child with functional incontinence and retention 153Paul F. Austin and Israel Franco 16 Treatment of functional constipation and fecal incontinence 163Vera Loening‐Baucke and Alexander Swidsinski 17 Peripheral tibial nerve stimulation therapy for the treatment of functional voiding problems 171Mario De Gennaro and Maria Luisa Capitanucci 18 Sacral nerve stimulation therapy for the treatment of functional voiding problems 175Alonso Carrasco Jr, Moira E. Dwyer, and Yuri E. Reinberg 19 Superficial stimulation therapy for the treatment of functional voiding problems 183Ubirajara Barroso, Jr 20 Botulinum toxin in the treatment of the functional bladder 189Luitzen‐Albert Groen and Piet Hoebeke 21 Psychological management of BBD 201Monika Equit and Alexander von Gontard Section 5: Nocturnal enuresisIsrael Franco 22 Pathophysiology of nocturnal enuresis 209Soren Rittig and Konstantinos Kamperis 23 Evaluation of the enuretic child 221Tryggve Neveus 24 Management of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (enuresis) 227Johan Vande Walle 25 Psychological aspects in evaluation and management of nocturnal enuresis (NE) 245Dieter Baeyens and Alexander von Gontard Section 6: Neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunctionStuart Bauer 26 Diagnostic evaluation in children with neurogenic bladder 257Tom P.V.M. de Jong, Aart J. Klijn, Pieter Dik and Rafal Chrzan 27 Medical management of the neurogenic bladder 263Paul F. Austin and Stuart B. Bauer 28 Treatment of constipation and fecal incontinence: Neuropathic 273Mark P. Cain 29 Neuromodulation for neurogenic bladder in pediatric spinal dysraphism 281Elizabeth B. Yerkes and William E. Kaplan 30 Botulinum toxin in the treatment of neuropathic lower urinary tract dysfunction 293Paul F. Austin and Israel Franco 31 The surgical management of the neurogenic bladder 299Elias Wehbi and Antoine E. Khoury 32 Surgery for bowel dysfunction 309Terry L. Buchmiller 33 Neurological surgery for neurogenic bladder dysfunction 317Michael S. Park and Gerald F. Tuite Index 327

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Book SynopsisThis booklet accompanies a groundbreaking video series on The SCERTS® Model, which addresses the core needs of children with autism spectrum disorders and builds a path toward improved communication and social-emotional abilities.This booklet is part of The SCERT® Model, a groundbreaking framework for improving communication and social-emotional abilities in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and their families. Developed by internationally recognized experts, SCERTS effectively supports developmental progress in three domains: Social Communication, Emotional Regulation, and Transactional Support.Table of Contents About the Authors About the Videos The SCERTS Model Social Communication Emotional Regulation Transactional Support The Whole Is Greater than the Sum of the Parts Why Focus on SC, ER, and TS What the SCERTS Model Is and Is Not Why Another Model for Supporting the Development of Children with ASD? Bibliography

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