Microwave technology Books

Book SynopsisFawwaz UlabySince joining the University of Michigan faculty in 1984, Professor Ulaby has directed numerous interdisciplinary projects aimed at the development of high-resolution satellite radar sensors for mapping Earth's terrestrial environment. He also served as the founding director of the NASA-funded Center for Space Terahertz Technology, whose research was aimed at the development of microelectronic devices and circuits that operate at wavelengths between the infrared and the microwave regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. He then served a seven-year term as the University of Michigan's vice president for research from1999-2005. Over his academic career, he has published 10 books and supervised more than 100 graduate students. Professor Ulaby is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), and serves on several international scientific boards and commissions. In recognition for his outstanding teaching and distinguished scholarship, he has been the recipient of numerous honors and awards from universities, government agencies, and scientific organizations. Among them are the NASA Achievement Award (1990), the IEEE Millennium Medal(2000), the 2002 William Pecora Award, a joint recognition by NASA and the Department of the Interior, and the Distinguished FEA Alumni Award from the American University of Beirut (2006). In 2006, he was selected by the students in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science as Professor of the Year, and shortly thereafter, he was awarded the Thomas Edison Medal, the oldest medal in the field of electrical and computer engineering in the United States. Umberto RavaioliProfessor Ravaioli attended the University of Bologna, Italy, where he obtained degrees in Electronics Engineering and Physics. He conducted his dissertation work on fiber optics and microwaves at the laboratories of the Marconi Foundation in Villa Griffone, the summer estate where Guglielmo Marconi performed his first radio experiments. After developing interests in high-speed semiconductor devices and large-scale computation, he pursued a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering at Arizona State University, where he developed Monte Carlo particle simulations for the high electron mobility transistor. He joined the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1986. He was a co-founder of the National Center for Computational Electronics, which promoted for over a decade the development of large-scale device simulation by leveraging resources at national supercomputing centers. His research group has developed Monte Carlo and quantum simulators for a wide range of semiconductor device applications, expanding recent activities to charge transport in biological systems, coupled electro-thermal simulation, and nanoelectronics. He is now the leader of the Computational Multiscale Nano-systems group at the Beckman Institute of the University of Illinois and is also serving as Senior Assistant Dean for Undergraduate Programs in the College of Engineering. Professor Ravaioli is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and a Fellow of the Institute of Physics (IOP). He received the First Place Outstanding Paper Award at the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Electron Information Technology for his recent work on electro-thermal simulation.Table of Contents Introduction: Waves and Phasors Transmission Lines Vector Analysis Electrostatics Magnetostatics Maxwell's Equations for Time-Varying Fields Plane-Wave Propagation Wave Reflection and Transmission Radiation and Antennas Satellite Communication Systems and RadarSensors Appendix A Symbols, Quantities, and Units Appendix B Material Constants of Some Common Materials Appendix C Mathematical Formulas Appendix D Answers to Selected Problems

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Book SynopsisAccessible, easy baking for everyoneHow to make a vegan cake in a microwave, in less than 10 minutes, using simple ingredients you don’t even have to weigh out, with no waste, no leftovers and little washing up.Conventional cake making can be tricky as there is an exact science behind them. Failure to follow the recipe can have dramatic consequences. Mug cakes on the other hand are fun, quick fixes that you can enjoy as soon as you decide you want one. They’re also perfect for one. Normally, they are made using an egg, which means they are unsuitable for vegans, but the 40 plant-based recipes here will range from classics such as gooey chocolate brownie mug cake, to a delicious peanut butter and lemon and blueberry mug cakes, all made using vegan-friendly ingredients. 

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Book SynopsisThe first edition of this ground-breaking and widely used book introduced a comprehensive textbook on radar systems analysis and design providing hands-on experience facilitated by its companion MATLAB software. The book very quickly turned into a bestseller. Based on feedback provided by several users and drawing from the author''s own teaching experience, the 4th edition adopts a new approach. The presentation in this edition takes the reader on a scientific journey whose major landmarks comprise the different radar sub-systems and components. Along the way, the different relevant radar subsystems are analyzed and discussed in great level of detail. Understanding the radar signal types and their associated radar signal processing techniques are key to understating how radar systems function. Each chapter provides the necessary mathematical and analytical coverage required for a sound understanding of radar theory. Additionally, dedicated MATLAB functions/programs enhTable of ContentsPreface........................................................................................................................................... xviiAuthor Bio..................................................................................................................................... xxiCompanion: MATLABM® Code - Disclaimer........................................................................xxiii1 Radar Definitions and Nomenclature.................................................................................12 Basic Radar Waveforms and Antenna............................................................................... 393 Radar Equation....................................................................................................................... 814 Radar Wave Propagation.................................................................................................... 1495 Elements of Signal Processing of the Radar Receiver................................................. 1856 Matched Filter...................................................................................................................... 2217 Pulse Compression.............................................................................................................. 2438 Radar Ambiguity Function................................................................................................2779 Radar Clutter........................................................................................................................ 32510 Moving Target Indicator and Pulsed Doppler Radars................................................34711 Random Variables and Random Processes....................................................................38512 Target Detection – Single Pulse Case.............................................................................. 40113 Detection of Fluctuating Targets...................................................................................... 41514 Radar Cross-Section............................................................................................................45315 Phased Arrays...................................................................................................................... 49116 Adaptive Signal Processing............................................................................................... 54117 Target Tracking.................................................................................................................... 56718 Synthetic Aperture Radar.................................................................................................. 623Bibliography.................................................................................................................................653Index..............................................................................................................................................659

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Book SynopsisThis book reflects contributions from experts in biological and health effects of Radio Frequency (RF)/Microwave and Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) used in wireless communications (WC) and other technological applications. Diverse topics related to physics, biology, pathology, epidemiology, and plausible biophysical and biochemical mechanisms of WC EMFs emitted by antennas and devices are included. Discussions on the possible consequences of fifth generation (5G) mobile telephony (MT) EMFs based on available data and  correlation between anthropogenic EMF exposures and various pathological conditions such as infertility, cancer, electro-hypersensitivity, organic and viral diseases, and effects on animals, plants, trees, and environment are included. It further illustrates individual and public health protection and the setting of biologically- and epidemiologically-based exposure limits.Features: Covers bioTable of Contents1: Defining Wireless Communication (WC) Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs): A. Polarization is a principal property of all man-made EMFs. B. Modulation, Pulsation, and Variability are inherent parameters of WC EMFs. C. Most man-made EMF-exposures are Non-Thermal. D. Measuring incident EMFs is more relevant than SAR. E. All man-made EMFs emit continuous waves, not photons. F. Differences from natural EMFs. Interaction with matter. 2: Public Health implications of exposure to Wireless Communication Electromagnetic Fields. 3: Oxidative Stress induced by Wireless Communication Electromagnetic Fields. 4: Genotoxic Effects of Wireless Communication Electromagnetic Fields. 5: DNA and Chromosome Damage in human and animal cells, induced by Mobile Telephony EMFs and other stressors. 6: The impacts of Wireless Communication Electromagnetic Fields on human reproductive biology. 7: Effects of Wireless Communication Electromagnetic Fields on human and animal brain activity. 8: Electrohypersensitivity as a worldwide man-made electromagnetic pathology: a review of the medical evidence. 9: Carcinogenic effects of non-thermal exposure to Wireless Communication Electromagnetic Fields. 10: Effects of man-made and especially Wireless Communication Electromagnetic Fields on Wild Life. 11: Mechanism of Ion Forced-Oscillation and Voltage-Gated Ion Channel Dysfunction by Polarized and Coherent Electromagnetic Fields. 12: Electromagnetic Field-induced dysfunction of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels, Oxidative Stress, DNA damage and related pathologies

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Book SynopsisThis concise volume provides an introduction to the working principles, design, and construction of air-stable inverted organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), which lead to the realization of practical flexible electronics. The first part of the book reviews the history of the three generations of inverted OLEDs: hybrid organic inorganic light-emitting diodes (HOILEDs), metal oxides and organic electron injection layer, describing the materials, fabrication techniques, device structure, applications, and technological challenges involved in each case. The second part of the book focuses on the carrier injection mechanism in OLEDs.The book will be of interest to students and researchers working on organic optoelectronics.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Air stability for organic light-emitting diodes (Katsuyuki Morii) Abstract 1.1 Comparison with OLEDs with LEDs 1.2 Important issues for OLEDs Conclusion Chapter 2: Hybrid organic-inorganic light-emitting diode (Katsuyuki Morii) Abstract 2.1 First hybrid organic-inorganic light-emitting diode (HOILED) 2.2 Metal oxide layer on the cathode side for HOILEDs 2.2.1 Zinc oxide 2.2.2 Wide-band-gap metal oxides 2.3 Initial modification of surface of metal oxide on the cathode side Conclusion Chapter 3: Interfacial engineering by introducing an interlayer (Hirohiko Fukagawa) Abstract 3.1 Self-assembled monolayers 3.2 Ionic species 3.3 Polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) and branched polyethylenimine (PEI) 3.4 Other amine derivatives 3.5 Novel metal oxides and electrides 3.6 Solution-processed boron compounds for operationally stable inverted OLEDs Conclusion Chapter 4: Carrier Injection Mechanism (Hirohiko Fukagawa) Abstract 4.1 Hole injection in conventional OLEDs 4.2 Electron injection mechanism in inverted OLEDs 4.3 Hole injection mechanism in inverted OLEDs (Katsuyuki Morii) 4.3.1 Organic/inorganic layer and inorganic/organic layer 4.3.2 MoO3 on F8BT Conclusion

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Book SynopsisExplore the latestresearchavenues in the field ofhigh-powermicrowave sources and metamaterials A stand-alone follow-up to the highly successfulHigh Power Microwave Sources andTechnologies,the newHigh Power Microwave Sources and Technologies Using Metamaterials,demonstrateshow metamaterialshave impacted the field ofhigh-powermicrowave sources and the new directions revealed by the latest research.It's written by a distinguished team of researchers in the areawho explore a new paradigm within which to consider the interaction of microwaves with material media. Providing contributions from multiple institutions that discuss theoretical concepts as well as experimental results in slow wave structure design, this edited volumealso discusses how traditional periodic structures used since the 1940s and 1950s can have propertiesthat, until recently, were attributed to double negative metamaterial structures. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to high power microwave oscillators anTable of ContentsEditor Biographies xi List of Contributors xiii Foreword xvii Preface xix 1 Introduction and Overview of the Book 1 Rebecca Seviour 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Electromagnetic Materials 2 1.3 Effective-Media Theory 4 1.4 History of Effective Materials 4 1.4.1 Artificial Dielectrics 4 1.4.2 Artificial Magnetic Media 5 1.5 Double Negative Media 7 1.5.1 DNG Realization 9 1.6 Backward Wave Propagation 9 1.7 Dispersion 10 1.8 Parameter Retrieval 12 1.9 Loss 13 1.10 Summary 14 References 14 2 Multitransmission Line Model for Slow Wave Structures Interacting with Electron Beams and Multimode Synchronization 17 Ahmed F. Abdelshafy, Mohamed A.K. Othman, Alexander Figotin, and Filippo Capolino 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Transmission Lines: A Preview 18 2.2.1 Multiple Transmission Line Model 18 2.3 Modeling of Waveguide Propagation Using the Equivalent Transmission Line Model 20 2.3.1 Propagation in Uniform Waveguides 21 2.3.2 Propagation in Periodic Waveguides 22 2.3.3 Floquet’s Theorem 24 2.4 Pierce Theory and the Importance of Transmission Line Model 25 2.5 Generalized Pierce Model for Multimodal Slow Wave Structures 28 2.5.1 Multitransmission Line Formulation Without Electron Beam: “Cold SWS” 28 2.5.2 Multitransmission Line Interacting with an Electron Beam: “Hot SWS” 30 2.6 Periodic Slow-Wave Structure and Transfer Matrix Method 32 2.7 Multiple Degenerate Modes Synchronized with the Electron Beam 34 2.7.1 Multimode Degeneracy Condition 34 2.7.2 Degenerate Band Edge (DBE) 34 2.7.3 Super Synchronization 35 2.7.4 Complex Dispersion Characteristics of a Periodic MTL Interacting with an Electron Beam 38 2.8 Giant Amplification Associated to Multimode Synchronization 39 2.9 Low Starting Electron Beam Current in Multimode Synchronization-Based Oscillators 42 2.10 SWS Made by Dual Nonidentical Coupled Transmission Lines Inside a Waveguide 46 2.10.1 Dispersion Engineering Using Dual Nonidentical Pair of TLs 47 2.10.2 BWO Design Using Butterfly Structure 49 2.11 Three-Eigenmode Super Synchronization: Applications in Amplifiers 50 2.12 Summary 53 References 54 3 Generalized Pierce Model from the Lagrangian 57 Alexander Figotin and Guillermo Reyes 3.1 Introduction 57 3.2 Main Results 59 3.2.1 Lagrangian Structure of the Standard Pierce Model 59 3.2.2 Multiple Transmission Lines 60 3.2.3 The Amplification Mechanism and Negative Potential Energy 60 3.2.4 Beam Instability and Degenerate Beam Lagrangian 61 3.2.5 Full Characterization of the Existence of an Amplifying Regime 61 3.2.6 Energy Conservation and Fluxes 62 3.2.7 Negative Potential Energy and General Gain Media 62 3.3 Pierce’s Model 63 3.4 Lagrangian Formulation of Pierce’s Model 65 3.4.1 The Lagrangian 65 3.4.2 Generalization to Multiple Transmission Lines 67 3.5 Hamiltonian Structure of the MTLB System 68 3.5.1 Hamiltonian Forms for Quadratic Lagrangian Densities 68 3.5.2 The MTLB System 70 3.6 The Beam as a Source of Amplification: The Role of Instability 71 3.6.1 Space Charge Wave Dynamics: Eigenmodes and Stability Issues 71 3.7 Amplification for the Homogeneous Case 74 3.7.1 Asymptotic Behavior of the Amplification Factor as ξ → 0 and as ξ → ∞ 77 3.8 Energy Conservation and Transfer 77 3.8.1 Energy Exchange Between Subsystems 78 3.9 The Pierce Model Revisited 80 3.10 Mathematical Subjects 82 3.10.1 Energy Conservation via Noether’s Theorem 82 3.10.2 Energy Exchange Between Subsystems 83 3.11 Summary 84 References 84 4 Dispersion Engineering for Slow-Wave Structure Design 87 Ushe Chipengo, Niru K. Nahar, John L. Volakis, Alan D. R. Phelps, and Adrian W. Cross 4.1 Introduction 87 4.2 Metamaterial Complementary Split Ring Resonator-Based Slow-Wave Structure 88 4.2.1 Complementary Split Ring Resonator Plate-Loaded Metamaterial Waveguide: Design 89 4.2.2 Complementary Split Ring Resonator Plate-Loaded Metamaterial Waveguide: Fabrication and Cold Test 92 4.3 Broadside Coupled Split Ring Resonator-Based Metamaterial Slow-Wave Structure 94 4.3.1 Broadside-Coupled Split Ring-Loaded Metamaterial Waveguide: Design 94 4.3.2 Broadside-Coupled Split Ring-Loaded Metamaterial Waveguide: Fabrication and Cold Test 97 4.4 Iris Ring-Loaded Waveguide Slow-Wave Structure with a Degenerate Band Edge 97 4.4.1 Iris Loaded-DBE Slow-Wave Structure: Design 100 4.4.2 Iris-Loaded DBE Slow-Wave Structure: Fabrication and Cold Test 102 4.5 Two-Dimensional Periodic Surface Lattice-Based Slow-Wave Structure 102 4.5.1 Two-Dimensional Periodic Surface Lattice Slow-Wave Structure: Design 104 4.5.2 Two-Dimensional Periodic Surface Lattice Slow-Wave Structure: Fabrication and Cold Test 106 4.6 Curved Ring-Bar Slow-Wave Structure for High-Power Traveling Wave Tube Amplifiers 107 4.6.1 Curved Ring-Bar Slow-Wave Structure: Design 108 4.6.2 Curved Ring-Bar Slow-Wave Structure: Fabrication and Cold Testing 112 4.7 A Corrugated Cylindrical Slow-Wave Structure with Cavity Recessions and Metallic Ring Insertions 114 4.7.1 Design of a Corrugated Cylindrical Slow-Wave Structure with Cavity Recessions and Metallic Ring Insertions 116 4.7.2 Fabrication and Cold testing of a Homogeneous, Corrugated Cylindrical Slow-Wave Structure with Cavity Recessions and Metallic Ring Insertions 119 4.7.3 Inhomogeneous SWS design based on the Corrugated Cylindrical SWS with Cavity Recessions and Metallic Ring Insertions: Fabrication and Cold Testing 121 4.8 Summary 123 References 123 5 Perturbation Analysis of Maxwell’s Equations 127 Robert Lipton, Anthony Polizzi, and Lokendra Thakur 5.1 Introduction 127 5.2 Gain from Floating Interaction Structures 129 5.2.1 Anisotropic Effective Properties and the Dispersion Relation 130 5.2.2 A Pierce-Like Approach to Dispersion 133 5.3 Gain from Grounded Interaction Structures 133 5.3.1 Model Description 134 5.3.2 Physics of Waveguides and Maxwell’s Equations 134 5.3.3 Perturbation Series for Leading Order Dispersive Behavior 137 5.3.4 Leading Order Theory of Gain for Hybrid Space Charge Modes for a Corrugated SWS with Beam 138 5.3.4.1 Hybrid Modes in Beam 140 5.3.4.2 Impedance Condition 141 5.3.4.3 Cold Structure 141 5.3.4.4 Pierce Theory 142 5.4 Electrodynamics Inside a Finite-Length TWT: Transmission Line Model 142 5.4.1 Solution of the Transmission Line Approximation 145 5.4.2 Discussion of Results 145 5.5 Corrugated Oscillators 148 5.5.1 Oscillator Geometry 148 5.5.2 Solutions of Maxwell’s Equations in the Oscillator 149 5.5.3 Perturbation Expansions 151 5.5.4 Leading Order Theory: The Subwavelength Limit of the Asymptotic Expansions 151 5.5.5 Dispersion Relation for δω 152 5.6 Summary 154 References 154 6 Similarity of the Properties of Conventional Periodic Structures with Metamaterial Slow Wave Structures 157 Sabahattin Yurt, Edl Schamiloglu, Robert Lipton, Anthony Polizzi, and Lokendra Thakur 6.1 Introduction 157 6.2 Motivation 157 6.3 Observations 159 6.3.1 Appearance of Negative Dispersion for Low-Order Waves 159 6.3.2 Evolution of Wave Dispersion in Uniform Periodic Systems with Increasing Corrugation Depth 160 6.3.2.1 SWS with Sinusoidal Corrugations 161 6.3.2.2 SWS with Rectangular Corrugations 164 6.4 Analysis of Metamaterial Surfaces from Perfectly Conducting Subwavelength Corrugations 168 6.4.1 Approach 169 6.4.2 Model Description 169 6.4.2.1 Physics of Waveguides and Maxwell’s Equations 170 6.4.2.2 Two-Scale Asymptotic Expansions 172 6.4.2.3 Leading Order Theory: The Subwavelength Limit of the Asymptotic Expansions 172 6.4.2.4 Nonlocal Surface Impedance Formulation for Time Harmonic Fields 173 6.4.2.5 Effective Surface Impedance for Hybrid Modes in Circular Waveguides 174 6.4.3 Metamaterials and Corrugations as Microresonators 175 6.4.4 Controlling Negative Dispersion and Power Flow with Corrugation Depth 177 6.4.5 Summary 182 References 182 7 Group Theory Approach for Designing MTM Structures for High-Power Microwave Devices 185 Hamide Seidfaraji, Christos Christodoulou, and Edl Schamiloglu 7.1 Group Theory Background 185 7.1.1 Symmetry Elements 186 7.1.2 Symmetry Point Group 187 7.1.3 Character Table 187 7.2 MTM Analysis Using Group Theory 188 7.2.1 Split Ring Resonator Behavior Analysis Using Group Theory 189 7.2.1.1 Principles of Group Theory 189 7.2.1.2 Basis Current in SSRs 191 7.3 Inverse Problem-Solving Using Group Theory 194 7.4 Designing an Ideal MTM 195 7.5 Proposed New Structure Using Group Theory 195 7.6 Design of Isotropic Negative Index Material 197 7.7 Multibeam Backward Wave Oscillator Design using MTM and Group Theory 199 7.7.1 Introduction and Motivation 199 7.7.2 Metamaterial Design 200 7.7.3 Theory of Electron Beam Interaction with Metamaterial Waveguide 203 7.7.4 Hot Test Particle-in-Cell Simulations 204 7.8 Particle-in-Cell Simulations 204 7.9 Efficiency 207 7.10 Summary 208 References 209 8 Time-Domain Behavior of the Evolution of Electromagnetic Fields in Metamaterial Structures 211 Mark Gilmore, Tyler Wynkoop, and Mohamed Aziz Hmaidi 8.1 Introduction 211 8.2 Experimental Observations 212 8.2.1 Bandstop Filter (BSF) System 215 8.2.2 Bandpass Filter (BPF) System 217 8.3 Numerical Simulations 224 8.3.1 Bandstop System (BSF) 225 8.3.2 Bandpass Filter System (BPF) 226 8.3.3 Experiment-Model Comparison 227 8.4 Attempts at a Linear Circuit Model 229 References 230 9 Metamaterial Survivability in the High-Power Microwave Environment 233 Rebecca Seviour 9.1 Introduction 233 9.2 Split Ring Resonator Loss 234 9.3 CSRR Loss 237 9.4 Artificial Material Loss 239 9.5 Disorder 241 9.6 Summary 242 References 244 10 Experimental Hot Test of Beam/Wave Interactions with Metamaterial Slow Wave Structures 245 Michael A. Shapiro, Jason S. Hummelt, Xueying Lu, and Richard J. Temkin 10.1 First-Stage Experiment at MIT 246 10.1.1 Metamaterial Structure 246 10.1.2 Experimental Results 247 10.1.3 Summary of First-Stage Experiments 251 10.2 Second-Stage Experiment at MIT 251 10.3 Metamaterial Structure with Reverse Symmetry 252 10.4 Experimental Results on High-Power Generation 255 10.5 Frequency Measurement in Hot Test 257 10.6 Steering Coil Control 262 10.7 University of New Mexico/University of California Irvine Collaboration on a High Power Metamaterial Cherenkov Oscillator 264 10.8 Summary 264 References 265 11 Conclusions and Future Directions 267 John Luginsland, Jason A. Marshall, Arje Nachman, and Edl Schamiloglu References 268 Index 271

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Book SynopsisPresents wideband RF technologies and antennas in the microwave band and millimeter-wave band This book provides an up-to-date introduction to the technologies, design, and test procedures of RF components and systems at microwave frequencies. The book begins with a review of the elementary electromagnetics and antenna topics needed for students and engineers with no basic background in electromagnetic and antenna theory. These introductory chapters will allow readers to study and understand the basic design principles and features of RF and communication systems for communications and medical applications. After this introduction, the author examines MIC, MMIC, MEMS, and LTCC technologies. The text will also present information on meta-materials, design of microwave and mm wave systems, along with a look at microwave and mm wave receivers, transmitters and antennas. Discusses printed antennas for wireless communication systems and wearable antennas for coTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xiii Author Biography xv Preface xxv 1 Electromagnetic Wave Propagation and Applications 1 1.1 Electromagnetic Spectrum 1 1.2 Free-Space Propagation 4 1.3 Friis Transmission Formula 6 1.4 Link Budget Examples 8 1.5 Noise 9 1.6 Communication System Link Budget 11 1.7 Path Loss 13 1.8 Receiver Sensitivity 13 1.9 Receivers: Definitions and Features 14 1.10 Types of Radars 16 1.11 Transmitters: Definitions and Features 16 References 18 2 Electromagnetic Theory and Transmission Lines for RF Designers 19 2.1 Definitions 19 2.2 Electromagnetic Waves 20 2.3 Transmission Lines 25 2.4 Matching Techniques 29 2.5 Coaxial Transmission Line 34 2.6 Microstrip Line 36 2.7 Materials 39 2.8 Waveguides 43 2.9 Circular Waveguide 48 References 54 3 Basic Antennas for Communication Systems 57 3.1 Introduction to Antennas 57 3.2 Antenna Parameters 58 3.3 Dipole Antenna 60 3.4 Basic Aperture Antennas 66 3.5 Horn Antennas 69 3.6 Antenna Arrays for Communication Systems 80 References 88 4 MIC and MMIC Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technologies 91 4.1 Introduction 91 4.2 Microwave Integrated Circuits Modules 92 4.3 Development and Fabrication of a Compact Integrated RF Head for Inmarsat-M Ground Terminal 92 4.4 Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits 100 4.5 Conclusions 111 References 111 5 Printed Antennas for Wireless Communication Systems 113 5.1 Printed Antennas 113 5.2 Two Layers Stacked Microstrip Antennas 119 5.3 Stacked Monopulse Ku Band Patch Antenna 122 5.4 Loop Antennas 123 5.5 Wired Loop Antenna 132 5.6 Radiation Pattern of a Loop Antenna Near a Metal Sheet 133 5.7 Planar Inverted-F Antenna 136 References 140 6 MIC and MMIC Millimeter-Wave Receiving Channel Modules 141 6.1 18–40 GHz Compact RF Modules 141 6.2 18–40 GHz Front End 141 6.3 18–40 GHz Integrated Compact Switched Filter Bank Module 154 6.4 FSU Performance 163 6.5 FSU Design and Analysis 171 6.6 FSU Fabrication 181 6.7 Conclusions 184 References 185 7 Integrated Outdoor Unit for Millimeter-Wave Satellite Communication Applications 187 7.1 The ODU Description 187 7.2 The Low Noise Unit: LNB 191 7.3 SSPA Output Power Requirements 191 7.4 Isolation Between Receiving and Transmitting Channels 192 7.5 SSPA 192 7.6 The ODU Mechanical Package 194 7.7 Low Noise and Low-cost K-band Compact Receiving Channel for VSAT Satellite Communication Ground Terminal 195 7.8 Ka-band Integrated High Power Amplifiers SSPA for VSAT Satellite Communication Ground Terminal 200 7.9 Conclusions 205 References 206 8 MIC and MMIC Integrated RF Heads 209 8.1 Integrated Ku-band Automatic Tracking System 209 8.2 Super Compact X-band Monopulse Transceiver 233 References 243 9 MIC and MMIC Components and Modules Design 245 9.1 Introduction 245 9.2 Passive Elements 245 9.3 Power Dividers and Combiners 249 9.4 RF Amplifiers 256 9.5 Linearity of RF Amplifiers and Active Devices 262 9.6 Wideband Phased Array Direction Finding System 270 9.7 Conclusions 277 References 279 10 Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Technology 281 10.1 Introduction 281 10.2 MEMS Technology 281 10.3 W-band MEMS Detection Array 285 10.4 Array Fabrication and Measurement 291 10.5 Mutual Coupling Effects Between Pixels 293 10.6 MEMS Bow-tie Dipole with Bolometer 294 10.7 220 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna 294 10.8 Conclusions 294 References 297 11 Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramic (LTCC) Technology 299 11.1 Introduction 299 11.2 LTCC and HTCC Technology Features 300 11.3 LTCC and HTCC Technology Process 301 11.4 Design of High-pass LTCC Filters 301 11.5 Comparison of Single-layer and Multilayer Microstrip Circuits 305 11.6 LTCC Multilayer Technology Design Considerations 308 11.7 Capacitor and Inductor Quality (Q) Factor 310 11.8 Summary of LTCC Process Advantages and Limitations 312 11.9 Conclusions 312 References 313 12 Advanced Antenna Technologies for Communication System 315 12.1 New Wideband Wearable Metamaterial Antennas for Communication Applications 315 12.2 Stacked Patch Antenna Loaded with SRR 325 12.3 Patch Antenna Loaded with Split Ring Resonators 327 12.4 Metamaterial Antenna Characteristics in Vicinity to the Human Body 329 12.5 Metamaterial Wearable Antennas 333 12.6 Wideband Stacked Patch with SRR 336 12.7 Fractal Printed Antennas 338 12.8 Antiradar Fractals and/or Multilevel Chaff Dispersers 341 12.9 Definition of Multilevel Fractal Structure 342 12.10 Advanced Antenna System 344 12.11 Applications of Fractal Printed Antennas 348 12.12 Conclusions 364 References 367 13 Wearable Communication and Medical Systems 369 13.1 Wearable Antennas for Communication and Medical Applications 369 13.2 Dually Polarized Wearable 434 MHz Printed Antenna 370 13.3 Loop Antenna with Ground Plane 374 13.4 Antenna S 11 Variation as Function of Distance from Body 377 13.5 Wearable Antennas 381 13.6 Compact Dual-Polarized Printed Antenna 385 13.7 Compact Wearable RFID Antennas 385 13.8 434 MHz Receiving Channel for Communication and Medical Systems 394 13.9 Conclusions 395 References 398 14 RF Measurements 401 14.1 Introduction 401 14.2 Multiport Networks with N-ports 402 14.3 Scattering Matrix 403 14.4 S-Parameters Measurements 404 14.5 Transmission Measurements 407 14.6 Output Power and Linearity Measurements 409 14.7 Power Input Protection Measurement 409 14.8 Nonharmonic Spurious Measurements 410 14.9 Switching Time Measurements 410 14.10 IP 2 Measurements 410 14.11 IP 3 Measurements 412 14.12 Noise Figure Measurements 414 14.13 Antenna Measurements 414 14.14 Antenna Range Setup 419 References 420 Index 421

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a comprehensive yet accessible treatment of the linear theory of electromagnetics and its application to the design of electrical machines. Leveraging valuable classroom insight gained by the authors during their impressive and ongoing teaching careers, this text emphasizes concepts rather than numerical methods, providing preseTrade Review"… unravels intricacies of the subject in a simple and systematic manner. … one of few books which cover a difficult subject through inquisition and using programmed concept for learning. The authors have spent considerable time in formulating the structure of the book and its contents. I think they have been successful in their attempt. There have been several books on electromagnetic fields, each one having its own flavor. However, the present book is a different attempt to teach the concept of electromagnetic field theory (EMFT), and its application to the theory and design of electrical machines. The contributions of the authors of this book in various research and scientific areas are outstanding. They are academicians who have devoted themselves to the task of educating young minds and inculcating scientific temper amongst them. I must heartily congratulate the authors for the magnificent job they have done."— Brig. (Dr.) Surjit Pabla, Vice Chancellor, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India"The authors of this book set out to achieve the goal of presenting electromagnetics for electrical machines in a simple and systematic manner. I think they achieve that goal. They reduce Maxwell’s equations to Laplace’s equation, Poisson’s equation, wave equation, and eddy current equation and apply them to electrical machines."— Matthew Sadiku, Prairie View A&M University"I particularly value the approach taken of developing accurate theoretical electromagnetic models for several electrical machine structures. Traditional approaches of using lumped element models for machine parts, and then trying to modify the resulting equivalent network by taking into account the effect of these elements having non-zero physical size in a piece-meal fashion do not develop the user’s basic comprehensive insight into all aspects of the electromagnetic fields which can have some effect on machine behavior."— Philip H. Alexander, Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor"… unravels intricacies of the subject in a simple and systematic manner. … one of few books which cover a difficult subject through inquisition and using programmed concept for learning. The authors have spent considerable time in formulating the structure of the book and its contents. I think they have been successful in their attempt. There have been several books on electromagnetic fields, each one having its own flavor. However, the present book is a different attempt to teach the concept of electromagnetic field theory (EMFT), and its application to the theory and design of electrical machines. The contributions of the authors of this book in various research and scientific areas are outstanding. They are academicians who have devoted themselves to the task of educating young minds and inculcating scientific temper amongst them. I must heartily congratulate the authors for the magnificent job they have done."—Brig. (Dr.) Surjit Pabla, Vice Chancellor, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India"… unravels intricacies of the subject in a simple and systematic manner. … one of few books which cover a difficult subject through inquisition and using programmed concept for learning. The authors have spent considerable time in formulating the structure of the book and its contents. I think they have been successful in their attempt. There have been several books on electromagnetic fields, each one having its own flavor. However, the present book is a different attempt to teach the concept of electromagnetic field theory (EMFT), and its application to the theory and design of electrical machines. The contributions of the authors of this book in various research and scientific areas are outstanding. They are academicians who have devoted themselves to the task of educating young minds and inculcating scientific temper amongst them. I must heartily congratulate the authors for the magnificent job they have done."—Brig. (Dr.) Surjit Pabla, Vice Chancellor, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India"The authors of this book set out to achieve the goal of presenting electromagnetics for electrical machines in a simple and systematic manner. I think they achieve that goal. They reduce Maxwell’s equations to Laplace’s equation, Poisson’s equation, wave equation, and eddy current equation and apply them to electrical machines."—Matthew Sadiku, Prairie View A&M University"I particularly value the approach taken of developing accurate theoretical electromagnetic models for several electrical machine structures. Traditional approaches of using lumped element models for machine parts, and then trying to modify the resulting equivalent network by taking into account the effect of these elements having non-zero physical size in a piece-meal fashion do not develop the user’s basic comprehensive insight into all aspects of the electromagnetic fields which can have some effect on machine behavior."—Philip H. Alexander, Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of WindsorTable of ContentsIntroduction. Review of Field Equations. Theorems, Revisited. Laplacian Fields. Eddy Currents in Magnetic Cores. Laminated-Rotor Polyphase Induction Machines. Un-Laminated Rotor Polyphase Induction Machines. Case Studies. Numerical Computation. Appendices.

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Book SynopsisWith this self-contained, introductory text, readers will easily understand the fundamentals of microwave and radar image generation. Written with the complete novice in mind, and including an easy-to-follow introduction to electromagnetic scattering theory, it covers key topics such as forward models of scattering for interpreting S-parameter and time-dependent voltage data, S-parameters and their analytical sensitivity formulae, basic methods for real-time image reconstruction using frequency-sweep and pulsed-radar signals, and metrics for evaluating system performance. Numerous application examples and practical tutorial exercises provided throughout allow quick understanding of key concepts, and sample MATLAB codes implementing key reconstruction algorithms accompany the book online. This one-stop resource is ideal for graduate students taking introductory courses in microwave imaging, as well as researchers and industry professionals wanting to learn the fundamentals of the field.Trade Review'Natalia Nikolova has created an outstanding, self-contained resource for students, researchers and practitioners in the field of microwave imaging. The clarity, depth, and breadth of this masterful treatise are hallmarks of her exceptional talents as a distinguished researcher and educator. She leads the reader through a compelling landscape of field theory, computational electromagnetics, and technology to the cutting edge of microwave imaging. This book is a 'must read' for students and experts alike.' Wolfgang J. R. Hoefer, University of Victoria'In this reference book, Natalia Nikolova has opportunely and comprehensively gathered together different microwave image reconstruction algorithms as resulting from various processing options of Maxwell's equations, in frequency or time domains. As such, it constitutes an extremely useful toolbox with practical operating guidance enabling all those, firstcomers, students or experienced researchers and engineers, faced with microwave imaging applications to select the best suited algorithm for their test cases, implement it on a computer and, finally, evaluate its performance according to different image quality criteria.' Jean-Charles Bolomey, Université de Paris XITable of Contents1. Scalar wave models in electromagnetic scattering; 2. Electromagnetic scattering: the vector model; 3. Scattering parameters in microwave imaging; 4. Linear inversion in real space; 5. Linear inversion in Fourier space; 6. Performance metrics in imaging; 7. Looking forward: nonlinear reconstruction; Appendix A. Maxwell's equations; Appendix B. The electromagnetic vector wave and Helmholtz equations; Appendix C. Scalarized electromagnetic models; Appendix D. Causal, acausal and adjoint solutions to the wave equation; Index.

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Book SynopsisMaster the usage of s-parameters in signal integrity applications and gain full understanding of your simulation and measurement environment with this rigorous and practical guide. Solve specific signal integrity problems including calculation of the s-parameters of a network, linear simulation of circuits, de-embedding, and virtual probing, all with expert guidance. Learn about the interconnectedness of s-parameters, frequency responses, filters, and waveforms. This invaluable resource for signal integrity engineers is supplemented with the open-source software SignalIntegrity, a Python package for scripting solutions to signal integrity problems.Trade Review'The most modern and up-to-date book on linear network theory with applications. Deep and comprehensive theory is coupled with detailed applications, making this book a must-have not only for signal integrity professionals, but for any microwave engineer.' Andrea Ferrero, Keysight'This book provides unique and consistent description of S-parameters use for analysis of linear networks, signal measurement and processing in one volume, supplemented and illustrated with free open source signal integrity software. The book can be used for learning the subject of emerging microwave signal integrity or as a comprehensive and indispensable reference for every microwave and signal integrity engineer and scientist.' Yuriy Shlepnev, Simberian Inc.'This is an outstanding and refreshing book for the novice and advanced engineer alike. Written by a well-known expert in the field, it provides a rather unique access to the difficult topic of signal integrity, through a systematic learning by doing approach. A software, which is freely accessible through an open-source Python library, 'Signal Integrity', allows the user to easily program the numerous examples that accompany the theory. The material ranges from simple to complex problems, using the S-parameter concept for high-speed signal integrity as a unifying theme. The book is appropriate for self-study and as a reference for teaching, and empowers the reader with a very unusual and stimulating blend of competences.' Peter Wittwer, University of Geneva'S-parameters for Signal Integrity is a more circuit-heavy look at the S-parameter data/simulation/design environment than one usually sees and that approach can be very helpful for a number of problems.' Jon Martens, Anritsu'This is a long overdue and amazing book that will equally appeal to people looking for a deep theoretical foundation in the mathematics behind some of the commonly-used signal integrity computations we use today and also to those practicing engineers who are looking for real-life answers about S-parameter simulations, measurements and applications. This is also a 'must-read' book for anyone who wants to learn and use the open-source code that does pretty much everything we need to simulate in signal integrity.' Istvan Novak, IEEE Life Fellow, Samtec'S-parameters are the industry-standard way of describing the electrical properties of interconnects; in measurement, in simulation and in specifications. While there are scattered resources on the formalism of S-parameters, they all focus on RF and microwave applications. Here, in one resource, is the definitive standard for using S-parameters in signal integrity applications where a time domain transform is essential. This new book, written by a world-class expert, establishes the foundations for using S-parameters to solve real world signal integrity related problems.' Eric Bogatin, Teledyne LeCroy Signal Integrity Academy and University of Colorado, Boulder'… combines frequency-domain concepts from S-parameter theory with the time-domain concepts of digital oscilloscope technology to optimize transmission of digital signals through circuitry. Pupalaikis, an engineer for Teledyne LeCroy and IEEE Fellow, has produced what is likely to be the definitive work on scattering parameters as applied to modern digital systems. Supplementing its descriptive character, the book also provides code for use with an open-source Python package to perform many of the extremely complex operations discussed in the text … The ideal reader is a Python programmer and linear algebra expert who is also familiar with graduate-level signals and systems topics. That said, for specialists in signal integrity, Pupalaikis appears to have asked and answered most of the important questions about modeling and measurements with respect to passive linear circuits for digital transmission, including coverage of equalization and other recent developments.' K. D. Stephan, ChoiceTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. Scattering Parameters: 1. Network parameter models; 2. Waves; 3. Scattering parameters; 4. S-parameter system models; 5. Reference impedance; 6. Sources; 7. Transmission lines; Part II. Applications: 8. System descriptions; 9. Simulation; 10. De-embedding; 11. Virtual probing; Part III. Signal Processing and Measurement: 12. Frequency responses, impulse responses and convolution; 13. Waveforms and filters; 14. The impedance profile; 15. Measurement; 16. Model extraction; Part IV. SignalIntegrity: 17. SignalIntegrity.Lib package; 18. SignalIntegrity app; Afterword; Appendices: A. Terminology and conventions; B. Telegrapher's equations; C. Matrix algebra; D. Symbolic device solutions; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe purpose of this book is to explore a range of ideas that have the potential to lead to future paradigm shifts. We know that technology is evolving at a rapid pace, but it is almost impossible to predict the exact direction from which the next paradigm will emerge. The book represents eighteen ideas that could result in paradigm shifts. The only criterion for inclusion in this book is that the idea has to represent a significant departure from the norm in exploring a new technology or application. The next generation of paradigm shifts in communication technology is going to start as ''blue sky'' ideas, evolving dreams into reality.

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Book SynopsisDesigned for microwave and RF engineers, this is a presentation of nonlinear microwave and RF circuits. It offers an understanding of the theory of nonlinear circuit analysis that they need for their work in the field. There is guidance on designing nonlinear circuits and modelling solid-state devices for nonlinear circuit analysis by computer, showing how characteristics of such models affect the analysis of these circuits. This second edition features new material, including critical discussions on nonlinear analysis of oscillators and design issues relating to RF (radio frequency) and wireless technology. More than 120 illustrations support key topics throughout the text.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction, Fundamental Concepts, and Definitions. Solid-State Device Modeling. Harmonic-Balance analysis. Volterra-Series and Power-Series Analysis. Balanced Circuits. Diode Mixers. Diode Frequency Multipliers. Small-Signal Amplifiers. Power Amplifiers. Active Frequency Multipliers. Active Mixers. Oscillators. Index.

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Book SynopsisGrounding is a widespread and serious problem in microwave and RF engineering and, up until now, there hasn't been a practical, authoritative resource dedicated to the topic. This first-of-its-kind volume offers professionals a comprehensive understanding of the proper grounding techniques to use when working on varied microwave circuit and antenna design projects. Practitioners learn what problems can occur when grounding design is inadequate, and how to avoid them. The book covers a wide range of critical topics, from the fundamentals of low frequency circuit theory and the differences between DC and RF short circuits...to grounding in active microwave component design and grounding issues related to antennas.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Electromagnetic Theory. Transmission Lines, Waveguides and Passive Circuits. Transmission Line Transitions. Active Microwave Devices and Circuits. Antennas. References. Index. Author Biography.

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Book SynopsisMicrowave tubes are vacuum electron devices used for the generation and amplification of radio frequencies in the microwave range. An established technology area, the use of tubes remains essential in the field today for high-power applications. The culmination of the author's 50 years of industry experience, this authoritative resource offers you a thorough understanding of the operations and major classes of microwave tubes. Minimizing the use of advanced mathematics, the book places emphasis on clear qualitative explanations of phenomena. This practical reference serves as an excellent introduction for newcomers to the field and offers established tube engineers a comprehensive refresher. Professionals find coverage of all major tube classifications, including klystrons, traveling wave tubes (TWTs), magnetrons, cross field amplifiers, and gyrotrons.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Static Fields Produced by Electrons. Electron Motion in Static Fields. Influence of Magnetic Field on Electron Motion. Thermionic Cathodes. Electron Guns. Electron Beams. Beam-Gap Interactions. Electron Bunching. Basic Klystrons and Their Operation. Special Purpose Klystrons. Traveling Wave Interaction. Wave Velocities and Dispersion. Helix TWTS. Coupled Cavity TWTS. Collectors. Crossed Field Tubes. Cathodes for Crossed Field Tubes. Magnetrons. Crossed-Field Amplifiers. Windows. Noise. Nonlinearities and Distortion. Breakdown and Protection. Appendices.

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Book SynopsisThis book explains techniques and examples for designing stable amplifiers for high-frequency applications, in which the signal is small and the amplifier circuit is linear. An in-depth discussion of linear network theory provides the foundation needed to develop actual designs. Examples throughout the book will show you how to apply the knowledge gained in each chapter leading to the complex design of low noise amplifiers. Exercises at the end of each chapter will help students to practice their skills. The solutions to these design problems are available in an accompanying solutions booklet (Small Signal Microwave Amplifier Design: Solutions).Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Introduction to Networks Chapter 3: Introduction to S-Parameters Chapter 4: S-Parameter Circuit Analysis Chapter 5: Narrowband Circuit Synthesis Chapter 6: Amplifier Design Chapter 7: Introduction to Broadband Matching Chapter 8: Introduction to Noise Chapter 9: Low Noise Amplifier Design Chapter 10: Summary

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Book SynopsisThis one-semester textbook teaches students Electromagnetic Waves, via an early introduction to Maxwell’s Equations in the first chapter. Mathematics fundamentals are used as needed, but rigor is de-emphasized in preference to understanding the basic ideas and principles of EM waves. Each chapter includes extensive, step-by-step, solved examples, as well as abundant exercises. Designed for a one-semester course in electromagnetic waves; Introduces Maxwell’s equations in the first chapter; De-emphasizes mathematical rigor in order to make key ideas and principles easy to understand; Makes material accessible to readers of varying backgrounds, with extensive use of solved examples; Includes abundant exercises for each chapter. Trade Review“The book includes a huge number of figures, a large number of exercises and a reasonable number of solved examples, which, altogether, help the reader to understand quickly the exposition.” (Luis Filipe Pinheiro de Castro, zbMATH 1455.78001, 2021)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Maxwell’s Equations.- Plane Waves and Wave Equations.- Characteristics and Parameters of EM Waves.- Boundary Conditions and Behavior of EM Waves.- Transmission Line.- Smith Chart.- Antenna.

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Book SynopsisDieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

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Book SynopsisA combination of the materials science, manufacturing processes, and pioneering research and developments of SiGe and strained-Si have offered an unprecedented high level of performance enhancement at low manufacturing costs. Encompassing all of these areas, Strained-Si Heterostructure Field Effect Devices addresses the research needs associated with the front-end aspects of extending CMOS technology via strain engineering. The book provides the basis to compare existing technologies with the future technological directions of silicon heterostructure CMOS.After an introduction to the material, subsequent chapters focus on microelectronics, engineered substrates, MOSFETs, and hetero-FETs. Each chapter presents recent research findings, industrial devices and circuits, numerous tables and figures, important references, and, where applicable, computer simulations. Topics covered include applications of strained-Si films in SiGe-based CMOS technology, electronic properties of biTable of ContentsIntroduction. Strain Engineering in Microelectronics. Strain-Engineered Substrates. Electronic Properties of Engineered Substrates. Gate Dielectrics on Engineered Substrates. Heterostructure SiGe/SiGeC MOSFETs. Strained-Si Heterostructure MOSFETs. Modeling and Simulation of Hetero-FETs.

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Book SynopsisAn integral part of any communications system, high-frequency and microwave design stimulates major progress in the wireless world and continues to serve as a foundation for the commercial wireless products we use every day. The exceptional pace of advancement in developing these systems stipulates that engineers be well versed in multiple areas of electronics engineering. With more illustrations, examples, and worked problems, High-Frequency and Microwave Circuit Design, Second Edition provides engineers with a diverse body of knowledge they can use to meet the needs of this rapidly progressing field.The book details the modulation and demodulation of circuits and relates resonant circuits to practical needs. The author provides a logical progression of material that moves from medium frequencies to microwave frequencies. He introduces rectangular waveguides as high-pass devices and explains conditions under which dielectric breakdown may limit the amount of power thatTable of ContentsFrom Lumped to Distributed Parameters. Waveguides. Impedance Matching Techniques. Scattering Coefficients of Twoports. Selective Circuits and Oscillators. Modulation and Demodulation Circuitry. Thermal Noise and Amplifier Noise Figure. Antennas and Antenna Systems. Appendix

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Book SynopsisEddy currents, soâcalled owing to their general shape like eddies, manifest as induced currents in all metallic â magnetic or nonâmagnetic â regions exposed to time varying or generally alternating magnetic fields whether of power or higher frequencies. It is imperative to apply appropriate analyses to assess the magnitude and consequences of induced eddy currents as required. Therefore, book aims at a comprehensive study of various aspects of eddy currents, from a detailed account of the basic phenomenon to their utilization in various applications, and their detrimental effects, esp. in large Turbogenerators. It gives detailed description of the finiteâelement technique(s) developed by the author to analyse the steadyâstate and transient heating of key regions of turbogenerators of ratings from 120 MW to 500 MW when exposed to negativeâsequence currents under unbalanced fault conditions.Table of ContentsEddy Currents. The Eddy Currents. Eddy-current and Power Loss. Utilisation of Eddy Currents. Eddy Currents and Turbogenerators. Finite Elements for Eddy Current Analyses. Finite Elements: General. Finite Element Solution of Representative Problems. Finite Elements for Turbogenerator Problems. Finite Element Analysis Applied to Turbogenerators. Finite Element Analysis of Eddy Currents in TGs and Temperature Rise. The Model Turbogenerator– General. The Model Turbogenerator – Representative Studies. Case Studies of Large Turbogenerators. Appendices. References and Bibliography. Subject Index. Author Index.

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Book SynopsisUncover the Defects that Compromise Performance and ReliabilityAs microelectronics features and devices become smaller and more complex, it is critical that engineers and technologists completely understand how components can be damaged during the increasingly complicated fabrication processes required to produce them.A comprehensive survey of defects that occur in silicon-based metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) technologies, this book also discusses flaws in linear bipolar technologies, silicon carbide-based devices, and gallium arsenide materials and devices. These defects can profoundly affect the yield, performance, long-term reliability, and radiation response of microelectronic devices and integrated circuits (ICs). Organizing the material to build understanding of the problems and provide a quick reference for scientists, engineers and technologists, this text reviews yield- and performance-limitiTable of ContentsDefects in Ultra-Shallow Junctions. Hydrogen-Related Defects in Silicon, Germanium, and Silicon–Germanium Alloys. Defects in Strained-Si MOSFETs. The Effect of Defects on Electron Transport in Nanometer-Scale Electronic Devices: Impurities and Interface Roughness. Electrical Characterization of Defects in Gate Dielectrics. Dominating Defects in the MOS System: Pb and E0 Centers. Oxide Traps, Border Traps, and Interface Traps in SiO2. From 3D Imaging of Atoms to Macroscopic Device Properties. Defect Energy Levels in HfO2 and Related High-K Gate Oxides. Spectroscopic Studies of Electrically Active Defects in High-k Gate Dielectrics. Defects in CMOS Gate Dielectrics. Negative Bias Temperature Instabilities in High-k Gate Dielectrics. Defect Formation and Annihilation in Electronic Devices and the Role of Hydrogen. Toward Engineering Modeling of Negative Bias Temperature Instability. Wear-Out and Time-Dependent Dielectric Breakdown in Silicon Oxides. Defects Associated with Dielectric Breakdown in SiO2-Based Gate Dielectrics. Defects in Thin and Ultrathin Silicon Dioxides. Structural Defects in SiO2–Si Caused by Ion Bombardment. Impact of Radiation-Induced Defects on Bipolar Device Operation. Silicon Dioxide–Silicon Carbide Interfaces: Current Status and Recent Advances. Defects in SiC. Defects in Gallium Arsenide. Appendix: Selected High-Impact Journal Articles on Defects in Microelectronic Materials and Devices.

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Book SynopsisWritten by recognized leaders in this dynamic and rapidly expanding field, Indium Nitride and Related Alloys provides a clear and comprehensive summary of the present state of knowledge in indium nitride (InN) research. It elucidates and clarifies the often confusing and contradictory scientific literature to provide valuable and rigorous insight into the structural, optical, and electronic properties of this quickly emerging semiconductor material and its related alloys. Drawing from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, it provides a thorough review of all data since 2001 when the band gap of InN was identified as 0.7 eV. The superior transport and optical properties of InN and its alloys offer tremendous potential for a wide range of device applications, including high-efficiency solar cells and chemical sensors. Indeed, the now established narrow band gap nature of InN means that the InGaN alloys cover the entire solar spectrum and InAlN alloysTable of ContentsMolecular-beam epitaxy of InN 1. Thermal stability, surface kinetics, and MBE growth diagrams for N- and In-face InN. Polarity-dependent epitaxy control of InN, InGaN and InAlN. InN in brief: Conductivity and chemical trends. Transport properties of InN. Electronic states in InN and lattice dynamics of InN and InGaN. Optical properties of InN and related alloys. Theory of InN bulk band structure. Ellipsometry of InN and related alloys. Electronic properties of InN and InGaN: Defects and doping. Theory of native point defects and impurities in InN. Surface electronic properties of InN and related alloys. Theory of InN surfaces. Structure of InN and InGaN: Transmission electron microscopy studies. InN-based dilute magnetic semiconductors. InN-based low dimensional structures. InN nanocolumns.

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Book SynopsisOrganic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices provides a single source of information covering all aspects of OLEDs, including the systematic investigation of organic light-emitting materials, device physics and engineering, and manufacturing and performance measurement techniques. This Second Edition is a compilation of the advances made in recent years and of the challenges facing the future development of OLED technology.Featuring chapters authored by internationally recognized academic and industrial experts, this authoritative text: Introduces the history, fundamental physics, and potential applications of OLEDs Reviews the synthesis, properties, and device performance of electroluminescent materials used in OLEDs Reflects the current state of molecular design, exemplifying more than 600 light-emitting polymers and highlighting the most efficient materials and devices Explores small molecules-based OLEDs, detailing hole- anTrade Review"This large, tightly written book discusses the physics and chemistry of light-emitting materials, as well as the technology and engineering of the devices they are used in. The chapters on materials chemistry are especially good. There are also historical sketches to introduce each chapter. This up-to-date and authoritative survey of a rapidly changing field is timely and welcome."—Albert C. Claus, Loyola University Chicago, USA, from Optics & Photonics News, December 7, 2015 Praise for the Previous Edition"This book documents the enormous progress made in this fascinating area. … After a quick look at the table of contents, the preface, and the editors involved, the value and uniqueness of the chapters of this book become clear. …The final chapter gives a very useful summary of the patent positions of the key companies that are involved in the development of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) materials. In conclusion, this book is a very useful and up-to-date collection that reveals the state of the art in OLED materials, devices, and displays. It addresses a broad spectrum of work, from materials synthesis and characterization to display architectures and technology-related issues. This well-prepared and clearly structured book is targeted at both academic and industrial researchers working in the OLED field, but will also be of interest to M.Sc and Ph.D students."—Ulrich Scherf, Bergische Universitat Wuppertäl, Germany, Materials Today, Vol. 10, No. 5, May 2007 Table of ContentsOrganic Light-Emitting Devices and Their Applications for Flat-Panel Displays. Light-Emitting Polymers. Small-Molecule Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Phosphorescent Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes. Polarized Light Emission from Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Transparent Electrode for OLEDs. Vapor-Deposited Organic Light-Emitting Devices. Material Challenges for Flexible OLED Displays. Oxide Thin-Film Transistors for Active Matrix OLEDs. Microstructural Characterization and Performance Measurements.

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