Life sciences: general issues Books

Book SynopsisDieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.Table of ContentsEin Gang durch biochemische Forschungsarbeiten.

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Table of ContentsPterine als Wirkstoffe und Pigmente.- The structure and biological activity of immunoglobulins and their subunits.- Inhibitors of adrenal cortical function.- The biosynthesis of cholesterol.- Transepithelial transport and its hormonal control in toad bladder.- Production, storage and release of anterior pituitary hormones.- The adipokinetic property of hypophyseal peptides.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1 Introduction: International Cooperation for Sustainable Demographic Development in Germany, China and Beyond.- Chapter 2 Demographic Challenges in Germany and China.- Chapter 3 Care Education Supporting the Elderly.- Chapter 4 Care Insurance Preparing for an Aging Society.- Chapter 5 Sustainable and Integrative Cities How to become age-friendly.- Chapter 6 Conclusion: Lessons-learnt and way forward for the international cooperation.

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Book SynopsisZum Grübeln und Rätseln der Fragenfundus für Ihren Weg zum NaWi-Champ.- Lagen Sie mit Ihren Antworten bzw. Einschätzungen richtig?.- Abhaken und auswerten Ihre Erfolgsbilanz.

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Book SynopsisSeagrasses are unique plants; the only group of flowering plants to recolonise the sea. They occur on every continental margin, except Antarctica, and form ecosystems which have important roles in fisheries, fish nursery grounds, prawn fisheries, habitat diversity and sediment stabilisation. Over the last two decades there has been an explosion of research and information on all aspects of seagrass biology. However the compilation of all this work into one book has not been attempted previously. In this book experts in 26 areas of seagrass biology present their work in chapters which are state-of–the-art and designed to be useful to students and researchers alike. The book not only focuses on what has been discovered but what exciting areas are left to discover. The book is divided into sections on taxonomy, anatomy, reproduction, ecology, physiology, fisheries, management, conservation and landscape ecology. It is destined to become the chosen text on seagrasses for any marine biology course.Trade Review"This is an excellent and timely volume, which shows that research on seagrasses has a good balance between studies of the basic biology of these fascinating organisms and studies of threats to seagrasses and their conservation." "The editors and authors are to be congratulated..." Phycologia (2006) volume 45 (5) "...exhaustively researched and superbly produced..." "...this book will stand for a number of years as the definite statement on the status of research on seagrasses and seagrass ecosystems at the turn of the 21st century." Marine Ecology 27 (2006)Table of ContentsTaxonomy and Biogeography of Seagrasses.- Seagrass Evolution, Ecology and Conservation: A Genetic Perspective.- Seagrass Morphology, Anatomy, and Ultrastructure.- Sexual Reproduction of Seagrasses: Pollination in the Marine Context.- Ecology of Seagrass Seeds and Seagrass Dispersal Processes.- Seagrass Beds and Coastal Biogeochemistry.- 7.- Fluid Dynamics in Seagrass Ecology—from Molecules to Ecosystems.- 9.- Oxygen Movement in Seagrasses.- Dynamics of Seagrass Stability and Change.- Aquatic Optics: Basic Concepts for Understanding How Light Affects Seagrasses and Makes them Measurable from Space.- Light and Photosynthesis in Seagrass Meadows.- Photosynthesis and Metabolism in Seagrasses at the Cellular Level.- Remote Sensing of Seagrass Ecosystems: Use of Spaceborne and Airborne Sensors.- Zostera: Biology, Ecology, and Management.- Biology of Posidonia.- The Biology of Thalassia: Paradigms and Recent Advances in Research.- Epiphytes of Seagrasses.- The Central Role of Grazing in Seagrass Ecology.- Seagrasses, Fish, and Fisheries.- Predation in Seagrass Beds.- Decline and Recovery of Seagrass Ecosystems— The Dynamics of Change.- Human Impacts on Seagrasses: Eutrophication, Sedimentation, and Contamination.- Seagrass Conservation Biology: An Interdisciplinary Science for Protection of the Seagrass Biome.- Seagrass Ecology: New Contributions from a Landscape Perspective.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Status of Biological Resources in The Global South: Baseline Assessment Strategies.- Chapter 2. Raw Materials for Sustainable Bioeconomy Development in the Global South.- Chapter 3. Bioeconomy Resources and Technologies of Global South.- Chapter 4. Medical and Pharmaceuticals from Biological Resources in the Global South.- Chapter 5. Sustainable Production of Bio-based Materials in the Global South.- Chapter 6. Bioenergy Resources in the Global South.-  Chapter 7. Renewable Energy Technologies for Sustainable Bioeconomy Development in the Global South.- Chapter 8. Processes Associated with Bioeconomy in the Global South.- Chapter 9. Bio-based Value-added Products and Services from Biological Resources in the Global South.- Chapter 10. Harnessing the power of microbial allies: AMF and PGPR as biostimulants for sustainable bioeconomy development in the Global South.- Chapter 11. A data framework for monitoring bioeconomy transition: A combined PDSA methodology and DSS approach.- Chapter 12. Bioeconomy And Social Innovation To Promote Productive Inclusion.- Chapter 13. Consumer-focused Transition to a bio-based sustainable economy in Africa.- Chapter 14. Sustainable Valorization of Vinasse in the Tequila Industry of the Lerma-Chapala Region: Towards an Integrated Regional Bioeconomy.- Chapter 15. Exploring Public Perceptions of the Bioeconomy in the Global South: A Public Policy Approach.- Chapter 16. Damask Rose: A Symbol of Sustainability and Resilience in Morocco's Bioeconomy.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Understanding AMR.- Chapter 2 Historical perspective and contribution of aquaculture to the AMR global pandemic .- Chapter 3 AMR in freshwater and marine environments.- Chapter 4 Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in farmed aquatic organisms.- Chapter 5 Fish/shellfish food-borne and zoonoses and their impact on antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture.- Chapter 6 Screening and monitoring of AMR in wastewater facilities, recreation facilities and other aquatic environments.- Chapter 7 Pros and Cons of Diagnostic Methods Used for AMR Surveillance in Aquaculture.- Chapter 8 Assessing Antimicrobial Resistance in Aquafeed: A Holistic Screening and Monitoring Strategy.- Chapter 9 Public Health Food Safety (Farmed aquatic organisms/live stocks/crops).- Chapter 10 Phage therapy in Aquaculture.- Chapter 11 BACTERIOSIN AND PREDATORY BACTERIA.- Chapter 12 Application of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in aquaculture.- Chapter 13 Bacteriocins as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment AMR in aquaculture.- Chapter 14 BIOSECURITY IN AQUACULTURE.- Chapter 15 Vaccination as an AMR Control/Preventive Measure in Aquaculture.- Chapter 16 The global approach: Aquaculture and National Action Plans for Antimicrobial Resistance.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1 Introduction to vetinformatics and its application in veterinary science.- Chapter 2 RNA sequencing and data analysis: A revolutionary approach for transcriptome profiling in livestock.- Chapter 3 Metagenomics in Farm Animals: Exploring the Microbial Diversity, Functionality, and Applications.- Chapter 4 Epigenomic insights of model animals and their application in understanding livestock systems in veterinary science.- Chapter 5 Genome-wide association studies: A powerful approach to identify genomic variants for livestock breeding and disease management.- Chapter 6 Single-cell genomics in veterinary science: methods and application.- Chapter 7 Systems Biology: Insights, Advances, and Challenges.- Chapter 8 Systems biology and integration of multi-omics data.- Chapter 9 Vetinformatics approaches in veterinary medicine.- Chapter 10 Vetinformatics for identification of drug targets via integrating multi-omics data.- Chapter 11 Structural modeling of drug target, validation, and binding site analysis for their application in veterinary drug discovery.- Chapter 12 Molecular docking and virtual screening to investigate lead compounds for veterinary drug development.- Chapter 13 Analysis of Drug-Likeness and Toxicity Prediction of Lead Compounds for Veterinary Applications.- Chapter 14 Applications of Molecular Dynamics Simulation and MM-PBSA Methods in Discovery of Veterinary Drugs.- Chapter 15QSAR Modeling and its application in veterinary drug design.- Chapter 16 Vetinformatics in vaccine design for the control of animal diseases.- Chapter 17 Utilizing vet-informatics for developing reverse genetics-based vaccine platforms against RNA viruses affecting poultry and livestock.- Chapter 18 Computational assessment of structural and conformational dynamics of missense mutations on protein structure for veterinary applications.- Chapter 19 Applications of nano-bioinformatics in livestock research.- Chapter 20 Machine learning in veterinary drug discovery.-Chapter 21 Database Resources and Tools for Veterinary Application.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"This manual is destined to be a must for the present generation of beginning and intermediate students in the anatomy of vertebrates. It blends a familiar language with the formalism and cadence of Victorian descriptions, all the while maintaining clear directions on dissection procedures, and amazing, realistic, art, rendering its reading a vivid experience. It is strongly based in the conceptual framework of phylogeny but without losing the practical spirit of manuals. The incorporation of new sections on examples often not (or ever) included in other works is a bonus that broadens its scope, flexibility, and utility." --Dr Sergio F Vizcaino, Departmento Cientifico Paleontologia Vertebrados, Museo de la Plata, Argentina "This new lab manual by De Iuliis and Pulerà will quickly become the standard for veterinary and vertebrate zoology courses alike. The artwork is simply the best available, and appears more true-to-life than any others. The choice of including skeletal material beyond the standard fare (including T. rex!) makes this manual truly innovative. The text clearly explains the anatomy, and goes into more detail than any similar manual, allowing the instructor to more easily tailor the manual to his or her course. Prepare to see this work mimicked by others!" --Randall Lauff, Biology Department, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada "This book is the go-to manual for comparative anatomy and vertebrate morphology courses. The excellent artwork and clear text make it understandable and practical for students. Having taught anatomy for 36 years and used every possible lab manual, I chose this manual among all others. The inclusion of a variety of vertebrate skulls makes it a valuable tool for biology students. The 3rd edition adds valuable information on the protochordates and the sheep heart and shark reproductive system. The clear instructions and illustrations of this manual make the job of the lab instructor much easier and enjoyable. This is the best comparative anatomy lab manual!" --Dr. Philip J. Motta, Professor Emeritus of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa "De Iuliis and Pulerà have produced a must-read primer for helping our students understand the anatomy of vertebrates. It is a delightful guide full of important and relevant anatomical information on a variety of vertebrates. It is written in a straightforward, concise, easy to follow style and is accompanied by amazing artwork. We look forward to the Chinese version coming out! Read this book - and learn from one of the best." --Dr. Zhikun Gai Associate Professor of Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing "I have been using this outstanding lab manual for my Vertebrate Biology course for more than ten years. It is simply the best available for vertebrate comparative anatomy courses. I have always appreciated the broad coverage and excellent diagrams, and especially the combination of artwork and photographs. The third edition builds upon the strengths of the previous two by adding sections on the amphioxus, sea squirt, and sheep heart. These new sections have excellent diagrams and photos; for example, the photos of the preserved sheep heart with the superficial adipose tissue and cut vessels show the students what the heart in the dissecting tray in front of them actually looks like, as opposed to a stylized artistic view of the heart seen in most lab texts. No other lab manual I am aware of offers this realistic approach. Like the previous editions, the new photos and art are clear and easy to read and study. I am looking forward to bringing this updated lab text to a whole new generation of students." --Dr. Mark S. Mills, Assistant Professor of Biology, Missouri Western State University, St Joseph "De Iuliis and Pulerà’s The Dissection of Vertebrates is a special work that combines current science and anatomical description with exceptional illustration. Importantly, the authors introduce vertebrate anatomy on a solid phylogenetic footing before proceeding to the sections that separately focus on dissections of exemplar vertebrates. I have used De Iuliis and Pulerà’s The Dissection of Vertebrates since its inaugural publication – no other manual comes close to this work in terms of its clarity of prose and highly polished scientific illustration. In my course, we focus on the dissection of the cat, and the content of the manual is excellently suited for an in-depth coverage of mammalian anatomical systems over the course of a semester. The writing is clear and accessible, and its organization is well suited for training students to rely on working between the guide and specimen, with dissection tools in hand. The sections on mammal and reptile skulls are exciting features usually not seen elsewhere, and introduce students to the intricacies and varieties of form that have evolved in those lineages. This aspect, along with the breathtaking illustrations, transforms the manual into an important reference for students and morphologists alike. In addition, De Iuliis brings the content up to date, such as including new terms such as procoracoid, which reflects the current work on recent reconsiderations of anatomical homologies. The illustrations deserve extra comment: Pulerà’s renderings show an extraordinary commitment to accuracy and aesthetic excellence; in addition to their value for navigating anatomy, virtually any of his illustrations could be framed and displayed as high culture natural history art. In this regard, the manual could, arguably, serve as a source for a course in scientific illustration. For all of these reasons I could not recommend a work on vertebrate anatomy more highly. All told, it is a work that would make the science’s founder, Georges Cuvier, proud." -- Dr. Thomas D. Carr, Associate Professor of Biology, Carthage College, KenoshaTable of Contents1. Vertebrates and Their Kin 2. The Lamprey 3. The Shark 4. The Perch 5. The Mudpuppy 6. The Frog 7. The Cat 8. Reptile Skulls and Mandibles 9. The Pigeon

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Planning Studies: From Design to Publication 2. Planning Analysis: Addressing Your Scientific Objective 3. Probability and Relative Frequency 4. Distributions 5. Descriptive Statistics 6. Finding Probabilities 7. Hypothesis Testing: Concept and Practice 8. Confidence Intervals 9. Tests on Categorical Data 10. Risks, Odds, and ROC Curves 11. Tests of Location with Continuous Outcomes 12. Equivalence Testing 13. Tests on Variability and Distributions 14. Measuring Association and Agreement 15. Linear Regression and Correlation 16. Multiple Linear and Curvilinear Regression 17. Logistic Regression for Binary Outcomes 18. Regression Models for Count Outcomes 19. Analysis of Censored Time-To-Event Data 20. Analysis of Repeated Continuous Measures of Time 21. Sample Size Estimation 22. Clinical Trials and Group Sequential Analyses 23. Epidemiology and Alternative Sampling Designs 24. Meta Analyses 25. Bayesian Statistics 26. Questionnaires and Surveys 27. Techniques to Aid Analysis 28. Methods You Might Meet, But Not Every Day

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewPraise for the previous edition: "The assembled authors are all leading experts hand-picked worldwide by the editors. The authors provided basic biological knowledge, patient-oriented pathophysiology, and clinical therapeutics for common and important renal diseases in each chapter. Overall the textbook will help any readers – from residents to faculty staff – understand the most updated information - just like meeting with clinical experts." --Yoshihiko Kanno, MD, PhD, Professor and Chairman, Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan "...comprehensive in its coverage, and is packed full of useful information. A particular strength is the accessible description of the basic science that underpins the clinical aspects of renal medicine." --British Journal of HospitalTable of ContentsI INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction II CLASSIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT 2. From Bright’s Disease to Chronic Kidney Disease 3. Classification of Chronic Kidney Disease - Historic Perspective: From Insufficiency and Failure to Chronic Kidney Disease 4. Assessing Kidney Function 5. Clinical Assessment and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease Across Its Stages III EPIDEMIOLOGY 6. Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease - Scope of the Problem 7. Gender Issues in Chronic Kidney Disease 8. Ethnicity and Chronic Kidney Disease - United States 9. Ethnicity and Chronic Kidney Disease in Disadvantaged Populations - An International Perspective 10. Ethnicity and Chronic Kidney Disease in Japan 11. Ethnicity and Chronic Kidney Disease in Africa 12. Ethnicity and Chronic Kidney Disease in China 13. Poverty and Chronic Kidney Disease IV PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 14. The Uremic Syndrome 15. Pathophysiology of Proteinuria: Albuminuria as a Target for Treatment 16. Protein Energy Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease 17. Aging and the Kidney: Clinical and Pathophysiologic Issues 18. Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression: Organ and Cellular Considerations 19. Pathophysiology of Diabetic Nephropathy 20. Prenatal Antecedents of Chronic Kidney Disease 21. Pathophysiology of Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease 22. Chronic Kidney Disease and the Vascular Endothelium 23. Cardiovascular Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease 24. Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease 25. Genetics and Chronic Kidney Disease 26. Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease V COMPLICATIONS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE 27. Psychosocial Issues in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients 28. Ophthalmic Issues in Chronic Kidney Disease 29. Neurologic Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease 30. Hematologic Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease - Anemia and Platelet Disorders 31. Hematologic and Infectious Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease 32. Immune Function in Chronic Kidney Disease 33. Chronic Kidney Disease and Gastrointestinal Disorders 34. Endocrine Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease 35. Chronic Kidney Disease - Mineral and Bone Disorders 36. Sleep Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease 37. Sexual Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease VI FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE 38. Water Homeostasis in Chronic Kidney Disease 39. Sodium Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease 40. Potassium Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease 41. Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease 42. Acid/Base Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease 43. Uric Acid Metabolism and the Kidney 44. Trace Elements in Chronic Kidney Disease VII CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND SYSTEMIC ILLNESSES - CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS 45. Approach to the Patient with Chronic Glomerular Disease 46. Approach to the Patient with Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis 47. Approach to the Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease and Renovascular Disease 48. Polycystic Kidney Disease 49. Lupus Nephritis 50. Sickle Cell Disease 51. Approach to Chronic Kidney Disease in the Diabetic Patient 52. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Chronic Kidney Disease 53. Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease 54. Chronic Kidney Disease and Heart Failure - A Nephrologic Approach 55. Cancer and Chronic Kidney Disease VIII THERAPEUTIC CONSIDERATIONS 56. The Interdisciplinary Clinic for Chronic Kidney Disease 57. Slowing Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease 58. Approach to the Patient with Non-nephrotic Proteinuria 59. Nutritional Management of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease 60. Management of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease 61. Management of Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease 62. Management of Mineral and Bone Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease 63. Drug Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease 64. Use of Diuretics in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients 65. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Opioids in Chronic Kidney 66. Dyslipidemia and Chronic Kidney Disease 67. Nephrolithiasis, Nephrocalcinosis, and Hypercalciuria 68. Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients 69. Preparing for Transplantation 70. Preparing for Hemodialysis 71. Preparing for Peritoneal Dialysis IX SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS 72. Emerging Therapies 73. The Renal Biopsy in Chronic Kidney 74. Pregnancy and Kidney Disease 75. Chronic Kidney Disease in Children 76. Reflux Nephropathy 77. Chronic Kidney Disease in the Elderly - Who Has It? Who Does One Treat? and How are They to be Treated? 78. Pain and Chronic Kidney Disease 79. The Perioperative Management of the Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease 80. Ethical Issues in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients 81. Imaging the Chronic Kidney Disease Patient

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Book SynopsisDespite the increased understanding we now have of materials and their properties, selecting materials for a given application remains a daunting, non-trivial task. The volume of data, inadequacies in the data, and the tens of thousands of materials to choose from can overwhelm the would-be user.The Materials Selector addresses all the problems faced by materials scientists and engineers. In its three volumes you will find the properties, performance, and processability of metals, plastics, carbon and graphite, glasses, ceramics, polymerics, and composites. The characteristics and comparative economics of the manufacturing routes that convert these materials into engineering components.Table of ContentsVolume 1Product Design and Materials SelectionMechanical PropertiesPhysical PropertiesCorrosionWearComponent Manufacturing ProcessesJoiningThe Significance of Materials Properties and TestingMaterials for Electromagnetic CompatibilityDesign, Materials, and Manufacturing Process Route Selection for Minimal Environmental ImpactUnits and Conversion FactorsVolume 2Wrought SteelsCast SteelsCast IronsCopper and its AlloysAluminium and it AlloysTitanium and its AlloysNickel AlloysZinc and its AlloysMagnesium AlloysLead AlloysCobalt AlloysPrecious MetalsRefractory Metals and AlloysTin and Bismuth AlloysNon-Ductile Engineering MaterialsVolume 3Introduction to Polymers and General InformationThermoplasticsThermosetsElastomersThermoplastic ElastomersFoamsPlastics Film and SheetComposites and Laminates

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Book SynopsisUnderstanding the biotransformations of aromatic compounds and how they metabolize in animals, plants, and microbes, is central to the applications in a wide range of industries, such as the design and testing of natural and synthetic pharmaceuticals, oil refining, the development of agrochemicals, bioremediation, and for use in functional genomics and xenobiotics. Presenting the most complete resource of its kind, the Handbook of Biotransformations of Aromatic Compounds examines 20,000 aromatic compounds researched since 1972, and assembled from all the major, relevant journals. The author focuses his coverage on the biotransformation in animals, plants, and microbes while remaining within the scope of aromatic compounds that contain, or are fused with, at least one aromatic C6 ring. Part One lists each compound alphabetically along with the forward and reverse mechanisms of its metabolism in specific organisms. Part Two characterizes the different types of organic reactions tTrade Review"The book is indispensable for my work, and for researchers involved in a variety of fields in academia and industry…The author is a world authority on the subject…I HIGHLY recommend this book…" - Dr. Iqbal Gill, Head of Biotransformations/Biocatalysis Department, Roche Vitamins Inc."…a well-structured book covering the literature of the last thirty years….easy to use and contains plenty of interesting material…contains an immense amount of information on themetabolism of aromatic compounds." ChemBioChem 2005, volume 6 "This book is an excellent and exhaustive source…a labour of love which should prove to be an essential reference source for those involved in the biotransformation of aromatics as it provides detailed coverage of developments within this field over the past 100 years." biochemist.org, July 8, 2005Table of ContentsReactions Involving the Formation and Degradation of The Aromatic Nucleus. Oxidations and Reductions Involving the Aromatic Nucleus and Non-Organic Substituents. Oxidations and Reductions of Substituent Side Chains and Non-Aromatic Ring Systems (Without Altering Chain Length). Formation and Degradation of Side-Chains. Side-Chain Formation. Conjugation and Substitution Reactions. Elimination of Substituents. Transfer Reactions. Formation and Reactions of Non-Aryl Double and Triple Bonds. Hydration of Epoxides. Light-Forming Reactions.

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Book SynopsisUnderstanding the electronic structure of solids is a basic part of theoretical investigation in physics. Application of investigative techniques requires the solid under investigation to be periodic. However, this is not always the case. This volume addresses three classes of non-periodic solids currently undergoing the most study: alloys, surfaces and clusters. Understanding the electronic structure of these systems is fundamental not only for the basic science, but also constitutes a very important step in various technological aspects, such as tuning their stabilities, chemical and catalytic reactivities and magnetism. Expert practitioners give an up-to-date account of the field with enough detailed background so that even a newcomer can follow the development. The theoretical framework is discussed in addition to the present status of knowledge in the field. Electronic Structure of Alloys, Surfaces and Clusters also includes an extensive bibliography which provides a comprehensiveTable of ContentsLocality in Electronic Structure- An Introduction to the Recursion Method. Introduction to the Linear Band Structure Methods. Introduction to Augmented Space Methods. Electronic Structure of Disordered Alloys Using the KKR Method. Phase Stability of Binary Intermetallics: A First Principles Approach. Application of the Augmented Space Recursion to the Study of Electronic Structure and Phase Stability of Disordered Alloys. Estimation of Parameters of Many-body Model Hamiltonians from Ab Initio Calculations. Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics of Alloys in a Face Centered Cubic Lattice. Growth, Electronic and Magnetic Structure of Rough Surfaces. Ab Initio Orbital Free Molecular Dynamics: Technique and Applications. Ab Initio Study of Transition Metal Clusters.

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Book SynopsisThis volume explains the theory and experimental investigations in the preparation of heterophase polymer network materials through cure reaction-induced microphase separation (CRIMPS). It describes the synthesis of a new family of block- and graft-copolymers with controlled solubility in epoxies and characterizes CRIMPS processes using novel applications of known methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance and photochemistry. The text develops a new method for characterizing the molecular mass distribution (MMD) of linear and network polymers using thermomechanical analysis data, as well as new methods for determining internal stresses and flaw formation during thermoset curing. The CRIMPS theory will be helpful for researchers and engineers designing and improving toughened plastics and other smart heterophase network materials for different applications. The new method for MMD characterization of polymers in bulk will be very useful to quickly analyzTable of ContentsSynthesis of Well-Defined Bifunctional Oligobutadines as Initiated by Dilithium Alkanes Soluble in Hydrocarbons. Theory of Microphase Separation in Curing Systems. Kinetics and Mechanism of Cure Reactions and Reaction-Induced Microphase Separation. Structure Properties Relationship. New Approaches to Polymer Networks Characterization.

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Book SynopsisThe Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is the next-generation multispectral imaging instrument to fly on US operational, polar-orbiting meteorological satellites. VIIRS will gather data across 22 spectral bands and be used to create products for a variety of applications including weather forecasting and climate change studies. VIIRS consolidates the best features of heritage instruments, including near-constant resolution and nighttime visible imagery. Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite: A New Operational Cloud Imager provides the first comprehensive guide on the design and exploitation of cloud data collected by the VIIRS.Expert researchers Hutchison and Cracknell discuss the fundamental principles necessary to interpret surface and cloud features in multispectral meteorological satellite imagery. They begin by tracing the evolution of satellite meteorology and detailing previous instruments on which VIIRS is based. Next, they examine tTable of ContentsIntroduction. Meteorological Satellite Systems. VIIRS Imagery Design Analysis. VIIRS Imagery Requirements Analysis. Principles in Image Interpretation. Multicolor Composites of Multispectral Imagery. Case Studies in the Use of Multicolor Composites for Scene Interpretation. Automated 3-D Cloud Analyses from NPOESS. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe unique properties of elastomeric materials offer numerous advantages in many engineering applications. Elastomeric units are used as couplings or mountings between rigid components, for example in shock absorbers, vibration insulators, flexible joints, seals and suspensions, etc. However, the complicated nature of the behaviour of such material makes it difficult to accurately predict the performance of these units using finite element modelling, for example. It is imperative that constitutive models accurately capture relevant aspects of mechanical behaviour. The latest developments concerning constitutive modelling of rubber is collected in these Proceedings. Topics included in this volume are, Hyperelastic models, Strength, fracture & fatigue, Dynamic properties & the Fletcher-Gent effect, Micro-mechanical & statistical approaches, Stress softening,  iscoelasticity, Filler reinforcement, and Tyres, fibre & cord reinforced rubber.Table of ContentsStrength, fracture and fatigue Prediction of fatigue crack initiation in rubber with the help of configurational mechanics Four tests to characterize a Haigh-diagram for damage calculations Influence of mean stress and mean strain on fatigue life of carbon black filled natural rubber Fatigue life analysis of an exhaust mount Effect of the hysteretic response of elastomers on the fatigue Formulation and computation of fracture sensitivity for elastomers Durability simulations of elastomeric structures Energy release rates for small cracks in rubber components Numerical simulation of large strain fracture problems using X-FEM Determining multiaxial fatigue in elastomers using bubble inflation Testing and simulation of the influence of glass spheres on fatigue life and dynamic crack propagation of elastomers A local criterion for fatigue crack initiation on chloroprene rubber: approach in dissipation Hysteresis area calculated from a dynamic material model: A new damage parameter for lifetime estimations?

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Book SynopsisThis is a collection of peer-reviewed papers originally presented at the 19th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials by academics, researchers and practitioners largely from Australasia and the Asia-Pacific region. The topics under discussion include: composite structures and materials; computational mechanics; dynamic analysis of structures; earthquake engineering; fire engineering; geomechanics and foundation engineering; mechanics of materials; reinforced and prestressed concrete structures; shock and impact loading; steel structures; structural health monitoring and damage identification; structural mechanics; and timber engineering. It is a valuable reference for academics, researchers, and civil and mechanical engineers working in structural and material engineering and mechanics.Table of ContentsTable of ContentsPrefaceACMSM19 International Scientific CommitteeACMSM19 Paper Review PanelACMSM19 Organising CommitteeKeynote papers Composite structures and materials Computational mechanics Dynamic analysis of structures Earthquake engineering Fire engineering Geomechanics and foundation engineering Mechanics of materials Reinforced and prestressed concrete structures Shock and impact loading Steel structures Structural health monitoring and damage identification Structural mechanics Timber engineering Author index

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Book SynopsisAdvanced materials are becoming increasingly important as substitutes for traditional materials and as facilitators for new and unique products. They have had a considerable impact on the development of a wide range of strategic technologies. Structural ceramics, biomaterials, composites and intermetallics fall under this category of advanced materials. There may be several additional materials in this category, but this book will only focus on these four types of materials.Even though some of these materials can be machined by conventional methods, material processing with lasers is an expanding field which is drawing attention of everyone in the industry as well as academics. As laser machining offers several advantages such as capabilities for machining the materials that are difficult to machine otherwise and flexibility and automation, the scope for applications of these advanced materials is further extended. Laser Machining of Advanced Materials focuses on the fundameTrade Review"[...] a valuable addition to the reference shelf of any practitioner of industrial laser materials processing. [...] extended, well-laid-out, and exemplified chapters on laser machining of ceramics, biomaterials, composites, and intermetallics, all supported by pages of pertinent references. These chapters are more than theory; they are backed with material that enables potential users to get a handle on the problems they are facing from practical experiences. [...] The authors have provided a service to those who are involved in processing advanced material." David Belfonte, Editor-in-Chief, Industrial Laser Solutions "Broadly, the book discusses a specific topic that is not deeply presented in other books. The section on laser machining of composite materials is very well written."Dr. Islam Shyha, Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK"[...] a valuable addition to the reference shelf of any practitioner of industrial laser materials processing. [...] extended, well-laid-out, and exemplified chapters on laser machining of ceramics, biomaterials, composites, and intermetallics, all supported by pages of pertinent references. These chapters are more than theory; they are backed with material that enables potential users to get a handle on the problems they are facing from practical experiences. [...] The authors have provided a service to those who are involved in processing advanced material." David Belfonte, Editor-in-Chief, Industrial Laser Solutions "Broadly, the book discusses a specific topic that is not deeply presented in other books. The section on laser machining of composite materials is very well written."Dr. Islam Shyha, Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UKTable of ContentsSymbols and Nomenclature. Advanced Materials. Machining of Advanced Materials. Laser Machining. Laser Machining of Structural Ceramics. Laser Machining of Biomaterials. Laser Machining of Composites. Laser Machining of Intermetallics.

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Book SynopsisCracking is recognized as one of the main causes of pavement deterioration, and is the primary cause of the need for maintenance and rehabilitation. Researchers around the world are working on the problem of cracking in asphalt pavements, with the goal of developing better understanding of the mechanics of cracking, creating test methods for assessing the risk of cracking for different materials and designs, and implementing these results into improved design methods and specifications. This Third Conference on Four-point bending held at the University of California, Davis, USA, follows two successful previous conferences, held at the Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands, in 2007, and at the University of Minho, Portugal in 2009. The primary objective of these conferences is to provide an exchange of ideas and experience and to disseminate that knowledge among researchers, government and private agencies and consultants, about the use of the four-point bending test to evaTable of ContentsPreface V Conference organization Modeling of the Four Point Beam test A detailed FEM simulation of a 4-point bending test device M. Huurman & A.C. Pronk Description of a procedure for using the Modified Partial Healing model (MPH) in 4PB test in order to determine material parameters A.C. Pronk Assessment of different flexure fatigue failure analysis methods to estimate the number of cycles to failure of asphalt mixtures M.I. Souliman,W.A. Zeiada, K.E. Kaloush & M.S. Mamlouk Investigation into the size effect on four-point bending fatigue tests N. Li, A.A.A. Molenaar, M.F.C. van de Ven, A.C. Pronk & S.Wu Applications to Mechanistic Design Application of four-point bending beam fatigue test for the design and construction of a long-life asphalt concrete rehabilitation project in Northern California V. Mandapaka, I. Basheer, K. Sahasi, P. Vacura, B.W. Tsai, C.L. Monismith, J. Harvey & P. Ullidtz Development of fatigue performance specification and its relation to mechanistic-empirical pavement design using four-point bending beam test results B.-W. Tsai, R.Wu, J.T. Harvey & C.L. Monismith Development of a standard materials library for mechanistic-empirical fatigue and stiffness evaluation L. Popescu, J. Signore, J. Harvey, R.Wu, I. Basheer & J.T. Holland Four point bending beam tests in Arizona and relationship to asphalt binder properties G.B.Way, K.E. Kaloush & J.M.B. Sousa First steps for the perpetual pavement design: Through the analysis of the fatigue life N. Hernandez, J. Hernandez & R. Martinez Asphaltic materials evaluation Fatigue assessment of conventional and highly modified asphalt materials with ASTM and AASHTO standard specifications G.M. Rowe, P. Blankenship & T. Bennert Mechanical characterization of dry asphalt rubber concrete for base layers by means of the four bending points tests C. Maggiore, G. Airey, G. Di Mino, C.M. Di Liberto & A. Collop Impact of air void content on the viscoelastic behavior of hot mix asphalt B. Hofko, R. Blab & M. Mader Fatigue evaluation of reinforced asphalt concrete slabs K.P. Biligiri, S. Said & H. Hakim Influence of recycled asphalt shingles on fatigue properties of asphalt pavements A.A. Cascione & R.C.Williams Flexural fatigue tests and predictions models - tools to investigate SMA mixes with new innovative binder stabilizers J.B. Sousa, I. Ishai & G. Svechinsky Laboratory evaluation of fatigue and flexural stiffness of warm mix asphalt A.N. Mbaraga, K.J. Jenkins & J. Van den Heever Comparisons with other tests Comparison of fatigue properties using 2-point and 4-point bending tests - Czech experience P. Hyzl, M. Varaus, P. Mondschein, J. Valentin & V. Soucek Hungarian experience with different bending devices 2 Z. Puchard & A. Gorgenyi Development of quality control test procedure for characterizing fracture properties of asphalt mixtures S. Saadeh, O. Eljairi, B. Kramer & E. Hajj Fatigue resistance: Is it possible having a unique response? C. Maggiore, G. Airey, A. Collop, G. Di Mino, M. Di Liberto & P. Marsac Non-asphaltic materials evaluation A laboratory study of the influence of multiple axle loads on the fatigue performance of a cemented material M.A. Moffatt, G.W. Jameson &W. Young Four point bending tests on cement treated materials G. Gaarkeuken, B.W. Sluer & M.M.J. Jacobs Repeated load flexural testing to characterize lightly stabilized granular materials D.K. Paul & C.T. Gnanendran Author index

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Heart 2. Lymph Nodes 3. Musculoskeletal System

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Book SynopsisModern science and engineering relies heavily on understanding computer hardware and software in order to make effective use of these tools in the laboratory and industrial environments. The authors of Modern Instrumentation: A Computer Approach have succeeded in producing a highly readable source that will serve both newcomers to the field as well as experienced professionals. Including both fundamentals and applications, the book first describes the role of the computer in instrument systems and provides numerous practical examples. The second part of the book explores specific software packages and their capabilities for applications such as, instrument design and simulation, data acquisition, data processing, and the potential of artificial intelligence in instrument design. Because of the full integration of theory with practical applications of leading software packages, this book is an extremely useful reference for those who use computer-based instrument technolTrade Review"… a wide-angle snapshot of the instrumentation needs within the biomedical, scientific, and engineering communities … a good, broad background education for those scientists and engineers new to computer-based instrumentation." -Scientific Computing WorldTable of ContentsPreface. Fundamentals of data acquisition and instrument control. Introduction. Information and its representation. Hardware architecture of PC-based instrument systems. Software for instrument systems. Data-processing considerations. Data acquisition and instrument control resources. Applied instrumentation automation. Design aids - SPICE. Design aids - MathCAD, MATLAB. Design aids - DSPlay. Spreadsheets: Lotus 1-2-3. A graphical user interface development tool: LabWindows. The Windows operating environment. Fully integrated applications.

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Book SynopsisContinental Drift: Colliding Continents, Converging Cultures is as much an account of the impressions Western culture made on Constantin Roman as a young researcher from behind the Iron Curtain as a personal history of the developing new science of plate tectonics. The book elucidates the author''s struggles against a web of bureaucracy to secure his rights in the free world while exploring historical events. A refined observer of the contrast of cultures between East and West, Roman''s personal story relates his encounters with eminent scientists, artists, and embassy officials.Constantin Roman defied communist restrictions by coming to England in 1968 on a NATO travel grant. After being encouraged by Keith Runcorn at the University of Newcastle to stay in Britain for a higher degree, he received a Ph.D. scholarship at the University of Cambridge. This is where he studied under Sir Edward Bullard when plate tectonics was in its infancy, when the concepts of continental drift aTrade Review"…a lively and interesting read."-Cambridge University PressTable of ContentsDedications. Epigraph. Author Biography. Foreword. Acknowledgments. Preface. The DNA Signature. Nato Secret. Paris Student Riots. Pet on One Pound a Day. The Rat Race. Lotus-Eater. Suggested Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisFluctuations in scattered waves limit the performance of imaging and remote sensing systems that operate on all wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. To better understand these fluctuations, Modeling Fluctuations in Scattered Waves provides a practical guide to the phenomenology, mathematics, and simulation of non-Gaussian noise models and discusses how they can be used to characterize the statistics of scattered waves.Through their discussion of mathematical models, the authors demonstrate the development of new sensing techniques as well as offer intelligent choices that can be made for system analysis. Using experimental results and numerical simulation, the book illustrates the properties and applications of these models. The first two chapters introduce statistical tools and the properties of Gaussian noise, including results on phase statistics. The following chapters describe Gaussian processes and the random walk model, address multiple scattering effects and propagation through an extended medium, and explore scattering vector waves and polarization fluctuations. Finally, the authors examine the generation of random processes and the simulation of wave propagation.Although scattered wave fluctuations are sources of information, they can hinder the performance of imaging and remote sensing systems. By providing experimental data and numerical models, this volume aids you in evaluating and improving upon the performance of your own systems.Table of ContentsStatistical Preliminaries. The Gaussian Process. Processes Derived from Gaussian Noise. Scattering by a Collection of Discrete Objects: The Random Walk Model. Scattering by Continuous Media: Phase Screen Models. Scattering by Smoothly Varying Phase Screens. Scattering by Fractal Phase Screens. Other Phase Screen Models. Propagation through Inhomogeneous Extended Media. Multiple scattering: Fluctuations in Double Passage and Multipath Scattering Geometries. Vector Scattering: Polarisation Fluctuations. K-Distributed Noise. Measurement and Detection. Numerical Techniques.

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Book SynopsisDescribes proteins'' physical and chemical nature and how their molecular structures can be determined experimentally. Intended for upper level undergraduate and graduate students with a background in chemistry or biochemistry.Table of Contents1. Reaction Mechanisms 2. Coenzymes 3. Binding of Substrates to the Active Site 4. Transfer of Protons 5. Intermediates in Enzymatic Reactions 6. Conformational Changes

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of Structure in Protein Chemistry showcases the latest developments and innovations in the field of protein structure analysis and prediction. The book begins by explaining how proteins are purified and describes methods for elucidating their sequences of amino acids and defining their posttranslational modifications. Comprehensive explanations of crystallography and of noncovalent forces-ionic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and the hydrophobic effect-act as a prelude to an exhaustive description of the atomic details of the structures of proteins. The resulting understanding of protein molecular structure forms the basis for discussions of the evolution of proteins, the symmetry of the oligomeric associations that produce them, and the chemical, mathematical, and physical basis of the techniques used to study their structures. The latter include image reconstruction, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, proton exchange, optical spectroscopy, electroTable of Contents1. Purification 2. Electronic Structure 3. Sequences of Polymers 4. Crystallographic Molecular Models 5. Noncovalent Forces 6. Atomic Details 7. Evolution 8. Counting Polypeptides 9. Symmetry 10. Chemical Probes of Structure 11. Immunochemical Probes of Structure 12. Physical Measurements of Structure 13. Folding and Assembly 14. Membranes

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Book SynopsisAn exploration of electric refractory materials, this book covers developments of blue light-emitting diodes using GaN-based nitrides for laser and high-temperature and -frequency devices. Electric Refractory Materials introduces growth and evaluation standards of films and bulk crystals, with consideration of band structure, surface electronic structure, and lattice vibrations. It also covers heat capacity and thermal conductivity, irradiation properties, and selective surfaces. Focusing on diamond material, the book examines its synthesis and characterization as well as its electrical, optical, and conductive properties. The book also discusses the use of silicon carbide, boron compounds, and other material used in electronic and light-emitting devices.Table of ContentsImportance and research programme of electric refractory materials; survey of refractory matalloids - transition metal carbides, nitrides and diborides; bulk crystal growth; thin-film preparation; electronic structure; lattice vibrations, heat capacity, and related properties; electrical and thermal conductivity and related transport properties at low temperatures; high-temperature characteristics; surface electronic structures and surface reactivities; irradiation properties of electric refractory materials; transition metal carbide field emitters; NbN superconducting devices; solar absorbers - selective surfaces; metalloids for plasma-facing materials; synthesis of diamond from the gas phase; the electrical and optical properties of diamond; semiconducting diamond and diamond devices; SiC boule growth; epitaxial growth, characterization, and properties of SiC; silicon carbide power electronic devices; science and technology of boron nitride; boron phosphide; boron and boron-rich compounds; boron films; single crystal of AIN; AIN sintered polycrystal; GaN-AIN-InN blue light-emitting devices.

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Book SynopsisProvides the latest research results and suggests new topics for interdisciplinary study of metal ions, catalysis, and biochemical systems. Second Edition highlights potential applications; includes new chapters on zinc and FeS clusters; presents new X-ray analysis of metalloenzymes; and more.Table of ContentsIntroduction to bioinorganic chemistry; introduction to homogeneous catalysis; relationships between enzymatic and heterogeneous catalysis; Lewis acid properties of zinc and its development to phosphotriester detoxifying agents; vanadiumhaloperoxidases; molybdenum and tungsten enzymes; catalysis by nitrogenases and synthetic analogues; biological iron-sulfur clusters with catalytic activity; catalysis by nickel in biological systems; oxygen activation at Nonheme iron centres; dioxygenactivation at Heme centres in enzymes and synthetic analogues; biological and biomimetric catalysis of manganese redox enzymes and their inorganic models; the two B12 cofactors - influence of the trans nitrogen ligand on homolytic and heterolyticprocesses; formation, structure, and reactivity of copper dioxygen complexes; multielectron transfer and catalytic mechanisms in oxidative polymerization; metalloenzymes with a quinone cofactor; future developments.

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Book SynopsisCovers studies on various residual stresses, reaction processes and mechanisms, heat treatment methods and plasma-based techniques. This work offers an understanding of surface structural changes that occur during various engineering procedures. It offers guidelines for the consideration and design of wear life and frictional performance.Trade Review"This book will serve as a valuable reference tool for all of those in the tribology field for years to come."-Journal Of Surfactants and Detergents, Vol. 9, 2006Table of ContentsSurface Modification and Mechanisms

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Book SynopsisThis reference covers in detail the preparation and application of current and emerging organic materials used as xerographic photoreceptors, emphasizing the photo-electric properties of organic solids and evaluating their potential use in xerography.;Reviewing the development of xerography and the steps in the xerographic process, this volume: summarizes the properties, advantages and disadvantages of various classes of materials used as photoreceptors; describes the methods of characterizing the sensitometry of xerographic photoreceptors; examines the physics and chemistry of photogeneration and charge transport processes; and elucidates the sensimetry of different classes of organic materials.;Organic Photoreceptors for Imaging Systems is intended for imaging scientists, optical engineers and physicists, organic chemists, materials scienctists and students in these disciplines.Trade Review". . .a unique reference. . .emphasizing the photoelectronic properties of organic solids and evaluating their potential use in xerography. "---Optik: International Journal for Light and Electron Optics ". . .provides a very useful way of coming rapidly up to speed in this technologically important and still growing area. . . .constitutes a comprehensive and coherent treatment of the theory and practicalities of xerography, and represents excellent value for researchers entering or working in this field. "---Journal of Organometallic Chemistry ". . .a pleasure to read. . ..will establish itself as a foremost text in optical engineering and in this regard is a necessity for the scientist and technologist working in the xerographic field and an important addition to all library shelves. "---Journal of Photochemistry and PhotobiologyTable of ContentsXerographic photoreceptors; charge acceptance and dark discharge; photoinduced discharge; photogeneration theories; photogeneration in organic solids; charge transport theories; charge transport in polymers and related materials; experimental techniques; photoreceptor preparation; photoreceptors; fatigue; summary and future requirements.

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Book SynopsisAlthough the polymerase chain reaction has revolutionized genetic analysis by amplifying rare nucleic acid sequences, the in situ application is the only method that allows the localization of amplified signal within tissue structure. The applications of in situ polymerase chain reaction have greatly enhanced the field of investigation in many disciplines, including viral infections, gene modification, tumor diagnosis, gene therapy, and cellular distribution of rare mRNA copies.PCR/RT-PCR in situ: Light and Electron Microscopy covers methods of in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), two new approaches in visualizing very low amounts of DNA and RNA in tissues and cell cultures at the light and electron microscopy levels. Written by experts in this field, the book provides theoretical consideration, as well as practical approaches to in situ PCR. The authors provide detailed protocols for each step, including the preparation of tissue samples, the rationale for the design of primers and revelation. They also emphasize the need for appropriate controls to meet the requirements of in situ PCR and RT-PCR specificity. Organized in a user-friendly two-column format, this book will provide you with tools necessary to perform and optimize these sensitive and powerful techniques in your research protocols.Table of ContentsGeneral Introduction Chapter 1 - General Principles Chapter 2 - Preparation of Samples Chapter 3 - Pretreatments Chapter 4 - Reverse Transcription (RT) Chapter 5 - Polymerase Chain Reation (PCR) Chapter 6 - Hybridization Chapter 7 - Revelation Chapter 8 - Electron Microscopy Chapter 9 - Controls and Problems Chapter 10 - Typical Protocols Chapter 11 - Examples of Observations

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Book SynopsisLipospheres in Drug Targets and Delivery: Approaches, Methods, and Applications presents an overview of the most recent applications of lipospheres primarily in the field of medicine, pharmaceutics, and biotechnology.Trade Review...an excellent introduction and review of an important field that greatly contributes to medical therapeuticsThe material is well-referenced and a most comprehensive review of an interesting and important field.filled with practical examples and potential future directionsThis is highly recommended reading for those individuals in drug development... - J. Somberg, American Journal of TherapeuticsTable of ContentsLipospheres in Drug Targets and Delivery: Approaches, Methods, and Applications presents an overview of the most recent applications of lipospheres primarily in the field of medicine, pharmaceutics, and biotechnology. It includes chapters on preparation, characterization, delivery (of peptides, proteins, vaccines, nucleic acids), therapeutic applications to different systems, and suggestions for further research. Including numerous illustrations, tables, and photos, this book provides procedures for specific applications and biological systems and presents lipospheres as a technical solution to various problems associated with the controlled release of biochemicals.

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Book SynopsisExplaining what CWDM is, how it is achieved, and why it should be deployed, Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing: Technologies and Applications merges coverage of isolated aspects of Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) traditionally found as device-related or specific system topics. Emphasizing cost savings and performance enhancement, the book integrates information on component issues, system architectures, concepts for extensions and upgrades, as well as practical applications into a comprehensive, single-volume resource.Beginning with a summary of the ITU-T standards defining CWDM, the book addresses the three essential component classes, optical fibers, transceivers, and WDM filters, which combine to form the basis for the CWDM transmission link. The following chapters include coverage of different architectures such as hubbed rings and meshed networks, and upgrade paths to overcome limitations of current CWDM systems. The book outlines the feasibility of optically amplified CWDM systems, investigates the challenges present with high-speed CWDM and bidirectional transmission, and finally elucidates the importance of CWDM for a wide range of applications.Each chapter provides sufficient information to be used independently and contains references to relevant papers and articles for further study. The last sections of the book focus on applications and case studies where CWDM plays an ever-increasing role. They include extensive studies on networking, reach extension by amplification, and the latest concepts of transmission capacity upgrades using increased bit-rates or new channel plans. Filled with practical information, the book provides a clear understanding of recent developments in the dynamic field of CWDM.Trade Review"CWDM is an optical communications technology that brought low cost and simplicity and thereby broadened the market. This book has a uniform, approachable, and teaching writing style and therefore is useful for any systems engineer working in the field, using the technology or consider CWDM as an alternative to DWDM. I highly recommend it."-- Prof. Robert Norwood, Univ. of Arizona "… A wonderfully written book by Marcus and Hans which provides the detail for those, that need to study the subject deeply, while interesting enough for those that need to understand the basics. Well done."-- Ken Ahmad, Industry Pioneer and former VP of Luminent.Table of ContentsCWDM Standards. Optical Fibers to Support CWDM. CWDM Transceivers. WDM Filters for CWDM. Optimizing CWDM for Non-Amplified Networks. Amplifiers for CWDM. CWDM - Upgrade Paths and Towards 10 Gb/s. CWDM in Metropolitan Networks. CWDM in CATV /HFC Networks. CWDM for Fibre Access Solutions. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe knowledge of metal ion speciation is essential for predicting the exact toxicities of metal ion species in the environment. Metal ions can exist in various oxidation states, each of which possesses different physical and chemical properties as well as exhibit varying toxicities. Often, toxicity data is unreliable because it is based on metal ion concentration measurements that fail to identify a dominant species either more or less harmful than the average. Instrumental Methods in Metal Ion Speciation provides analytical techniques and experimental methodologies for determining the concentration of the different physicochemical forms of metal ions in environmental and biological samples, leading to more accurate measurements of actual toxicity.The authors introduce the principles of metal ion speciation and discuss important analytical techniques such as gas and liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and both electrochemical and radiochemical methods used to determine concentration and composition. They present a range of liquid chromatographic approaches, including capillary electrochromatography and high-performance, ion, ion pair, micellar electrokinetic, size exclusion, chiral, and supercritical fluid chromatographies for all metal ion species. Comprehensive in scope, the text covers the sources, distribution, toxicity, biotransformation, and biodegradation of each metal ions species as well as extraction methods, sample preparation, and experimental optimization techniques that can be useful in designing future experiments. Instrumental Methods in Metal Ion Speciation is a unique and valuable source of reference for scientists, academics, and researchers involved in analytical, biological, pharmaceutical, and environmental chemistries, as well as material industries, geochemistry, agriculture, biotechnology, and occupational safety and regulations.Trade Review“The book has been presented by well known scientists … presents very interesting material … The book as a whole will certainly be a useful source of information for numerous analytical chemists which are obliged to work in the timely important field of chemical analysis.” — Adam Hulanicki, in Chem. Anal, Vol. 52, No. 157, 2007Table of ContentsIntroduction. Metal Ion Species: Sources and Distribution. Metal Ion Species: Toxicities, Biotransformation, and Biodegradation. Sample Preparation. Speciation of Metal Ions by Gas Chromatography. Speciation of Metal Ions by Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Speciation of Metal Ions by Ion Chromatography. Speciation of Metal Ions by Ion Pair, Micellar Electrokinetic, Size Exclusion, Chiral, Capillary Electro- and Supercritical Fluid Chromatographic Methods. Speciation of Metal Ions by Capillary Electrophoresis. Speciation of Metal Ions by Spectroscopic Methods. Speciation of Metal Ions by Electrochemical and Radiochemical Methods. Perspectives and Legislation of Metal Ion Speciation.

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Book SynopsisMetal Ions in Biological Systems is devoted to increasing our understanding of the relationship between the chemistry of metals and life processes. The volumes reflect the interdisciplinary nature of bioinorganic chemistry and coordinate the efforts of researchers in the fields of biochemistry, inorganic chemistry, coordination chemistry, environmental chemistry, biophysics, pharmacy, and medicine. Volume 44 offers 9 timely and authoritative chapters focused on vital research areas concerning the biogeochemistry of metals. Supported by nearly 60 illustrations and tables, topics include the atmospheric transport of metals, studies the marine biogeochemistry of iron, and its impact on the carbon cycle; the bioavailability of trace metals in freshwater environments and in soils; the uptake of heavy metals by higher plants, algae, and cyanobacteria; the microbial transformations of radionuclides; and the biogeochemistry of carbonates.Table of ContentsAtmospheric Transport of Metals. The Marine Biogeochemistry of Iron. Speciation and Bioavailability of Trace Metals in Freshwater Environments. Bioavailability and Biogeochemistry of Metals in the Terrestrial Environment. Heavy Metal Uptake by Plants and Cyanobacteria. Arsenic in Groundwater. Anthropogenic Impacts on the Biogeochemistry and Cycling of Antimony. Microbial Transformations of Radionuclides: Fundamental Mechanisms and Biogeochemical Implications. Biogeochemistry of Carbonates: Recorders of Past Oceans and Climate

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Book SynopsisThis two-volume work examines general relationships among the structures, reactivity, and properties of polyamides important for predictions in such fields as materials science. The team of authors, including polymer research chemists, physicists, and specialists in technology and processing, compiled an extensive amount of literature (over 2300 references) to produce two volumes packed with text, tables, drawings, and first-hand information, much of it never before published. Topics include lactams and their production, properties, analysis, theory, and the technology of their polymerization, in addition to polyamides and their processing, modification, analysis, molecular characterization, structure, physical properties, degradation and stabilization, designing and application of products. Researchers and specialists in the preparation, modification, processing, structure, and properties of linear aliphatic polyamides will find Lactam-Based Polyamides, Volumes I and II to be invaluabTable of ContentsChapter 1 Lactams, Chapter 2 Polymerization, Chapter 3 Chemical Analysis, Chapter 4 Molecular Characterization, Chapter 5 Physical Structure, Chapter 6 Properties, Chapter 7 Degradation and Stabilization, Appendix Nomenclature of Polyamides, Symbols and Abbreviations, Index

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Book SynopsisThis fascinating work is divided into two main sections. Part I reviews the basic principles of water movement in channels and the mass balance approach common to most models. It also covers the practical usefulness, model peer review, and guidance on model selection and calibration. Part II discusses flow simulation and prediction of time of travel, dye tracing and mixing, heat balance and temperature modeling, and reaeration and volatilization. This interesting, easy-to-read volume includes comprehensive reviews for the use of fluorescent water tracing dyes, longitudinal dispersion, evaporation and wind speed functions, prediction of saturation concentrations of dissolved oxygen, and reaeration coefficients. This book furnishes the reader with appendices which provide a synopsis of available computer models and gives a comprehensive listing of methods used to measure flow rates in rivers, tributaries, and pipes and channels introducing wastewaters into streams. This volume is a valuTable of ContentsPreface. . INTRODUCTION to RIVER and STREAM WATER QUALITY MODELING. Basic Principles and Limitations for Modeling. Definition and Terminology. Study Domain, Model Domain, and Computational Network. Conservation of Momentum Equation and Flow in Channels. Mass Balance. Models in General Use. Model Selection and Testing. REFERENCES. TABLES. FIGURES. RIVER TRANSPORT and SURFACE EXCHANGE PROCESSES. Mass Balance and Movement of Water. Conservative Transport and Mixing of Dissolved Substances. Heat Balance and Temperature Modeling. Gas Transfer. REFERENCES. TABLES. FIGURES. APPENDICES. Synopsis of Several Water Quality Models Available for Use. Methods of Measuring and Evaluating Measurements of River Flows, Inflows and Tributary Flows.

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Book SynopsisDespite the widespread growth and acceptance of particulate technology, challenges in the design, operation, and manufacturing of these systems still exists. These critical issues must be resolved so that particle technology may continue to serve as a foundation for new nano and biotechnologies. Particulate Systems in Nano- and Biotechnologies presents a summary of the revolutionizing developments that have occurred during the last decade and proposes solutions for overcoming present and future challenges. The world's foremost scientific experts from European, Australian, Asian, and North American research centers give their critical view of particulate systems and adsorbed films and review the current status of state-of-the-art technologies, such as FloDots, functionalized magnetite nanoparticles, and zero-valent iron nanoparticles for abatement of environmental pollutants. A survey of the cutting-edge technologies, this book offerTable of ContentsParticle Technology—Then and Now—A Perspective. The Production of Nanoparticles, the "Top-Down" Approach, with the Emphasis on Aerosol Routes, Especially Electrohydrodynamic Atomization. Use of Self-Assembled Surfactants for Nanomaterials Synthesis. Synthesis and Engineering of Polymeric Latex Particles for Hemodialysis: Part I—A Review. Synthesis and Engineering of Polymeric Latex Particles for Hemodialysis: Part II—An Experimental Study. Product Engineering of Nanoscaled Materials. Surface Engineering Quantum Dots at the Air-Water Interface. Fundamental Forces in Powder Flow. Characterization of Pharmaceutical Aerosols and Dry Powder Inhalers for Pulmonary Drug Delivery. Imaging of Particle Size and Concentration in Heterogeneous Scattering Media Using Multispectral Diffuse Optical Tomography. Surfactants/Hybrid Polymers and Their Nanoparticles for Personal Care Applications. FloDots for Bioimaging and Bioanalysis. Photocatalytic Particles for Biocidal Applications. Zero-valent Iron Nanoparticles for Abatement of Environmental Pollutants: Materials and Engineering Aspects. Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles—Synthesis,Properties, and Bioapplications. The Emergence of "Magnetic and Fluorescent" Multimodal Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents in Bioimaging.

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Book SynopsisProton and Carbon NMR Spectra of Polymers is an updated, consolidated volume featuring the spectra published in three previous volumes, plus 150 newly derived spectra. It contains 458 NMR spectra with associated analytical notes covering acrylics, amides, dienes, ethers, olefins, siloxins, styrenes and derivatives, urethanes, vinyls, vinylidenes, and others. The spectra obtained are either 1H or 13C; extended bibliographic references are attached. Each entry provides details of the chemical structure of the analyzed sample, in addition to analytical conditions including nucleus, frequency, spectrometer, detection technique, solvent, temperature, reference, lock and, where appropriate, flip angle. The wealth of information contained in this single volume make Proton and Carbon NMR Spectra of Polymers an essential acquisition for all academic, industrial research, and analytical laboratories and libraries involved with polymer chemistry.Table of ContentsAcrylics, Amides, Dienes, Esters, Ethers, Miscellaneous, Olefins, Siloxanes, Styrenes and Derivatives, Urethanes, Vinyls and Vinylidenes

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