Interdisciplinary studies Books

Book SynopsisWhen the four of us decided to collaborate to write this book on pneumatic conveying, there were two aspects which were of some concern. Firstly, how could four people, who live on four different continents, write a book on a fairly complex subject with such wide lines of communications? Secondly, there was the problem that two of the authors are chemical engineers. It has been noted that the majority of chemical engineers who work in the field of pneumatic conveying research have spent most of their time considering flow in vertical pipes. As such, there was some concern that the book might be biased towards vertical pneumatic conveying and that the horizontal aspects (which are clearly the most difficult!) would be somewhat neglected. We hope that you, as the reader, are going to be satisfied with the fact that you have a truly international dissertation on pneumatic conveying and, also, that there is an even spread between the theoretical and practical aspects of pneumatic conveying technology.Table of Contents1 An overview of pneumatic conveying systems and performance.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Why pneumatic conveying?.- 1.3 What can be conveyed?.- 1.4 What constitutes a pneumatic conveying system?.- 1.5 Modes of pneumatic conveying.- 1.6 Basic pneumatic conveying systems.- 1.7 Further classification techniques.- 1.8 Description and operation of a pneumatic conveying system.- 1.9 Putting it all together.- 1.10 An overview.- 1.11 Some useful conversion factors and tables.- References.- 2 Single phase flow in pneumatic conveying systems.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Definitions.- 2.3 Perfect gas laws.- 2.4 Drying of compressed air.- 2.5 The compression process.- 2.6 Gas flow through pipes.- 2.7 Illustrative examples.- References.- 3 Fluid and particle dynamics.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Law of continuity.- 3.3 Drag on a particle.- 3.4 Equations for calculation of relevant properties.- 3.5 Fluidization characteristics of powders.- References.- 4 Fundamentals.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Forces acting on a single particle in an air stream.- 4.3 Particle size.- 4.4 Shape.- 4.5 Dynamic equations.- 4.6 Terminal velocity.- 4.7 Single particle acceleration.- 4.8 Centrifugal flow.- 4.9 Slip velocity in a gravitational field.- 4.10 Multiple particle systems.- 4.11 Voidage and slip velocity.- 4.12 Frictional representations.- 4.13 Acceleration and development regions.- 4.14 Particle distribution in pneumatic conveying.- 4.15 Compressibility effect not negligible.- 4.16 Speed of sound in gas—solid transport.- 4.17 Gas—solid flow with varying cross-sectional area.- 4.18 Branching arrangements.- 4.19 Bend analysis.- 4.20 Downward sloping particle flow.- 4.21 Dense phase transport.- 4.22 Estimation of pressure drop in slugging dense phase conveying.- 4.23 Estimation of pressure drop in non-slugging dense phase conveying.- 4.24 Plug flows.- 4.25 Worked examples.- References.- 5 Flow regimes in vertical and horizontal conveying.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Choking versus non-choking system in vertical flow.- 5.3 Choking system in vertical flow.- 5.4 Non-choking system in vertical flow.- 5.5 Particle segregation in vertical pneumatic transport.- 5.6 Saltation in horizontal conveying.- References.- 6 Principles of pneumatic conveying.- 6.1 Introduction—putting it all together.- 6.2 The state diagram revisited.- 6.3 Methods for scaling-up.- 6.4 Use of theoretical models and definitions.- 6.5 Additional pressure drop factoz (?z).- 6.6 Pressure drop.- 6.7 Some important functional relationships.- 6.8 Sequence to be followed to obtain the system pressure loss (?p).- References.- 7 Feeding of pneumatic conveying systems.- 7.1 Introduction and overall design philosophy.- 7.2 Classification of feeding systems.- 7.3 Feeder selection criteria.- 7.4 Low pressure feeding devices.- 7.5 Medium pressure feeding systems.- 7.6 High pressure feeding devices.- 7.7 Conclusions.- References.- 8 Flow in standpipes and gravity conveyors.- 8.1 Introduction—standpipes and gravity conveyors.- 8.2 Classification of standpipe systems.- 8.3 Classification of flow modes in a standpipe.- 8.4 Equations pertaining to each flow mode.- 8.5 Flow through a valve.- 8.6 Stability of standpipe flow.- 8.7 Analysis of industrial standpipes—case studies.- 8.8 Gravity conveyors.- References.- 9 An overview of high pressure systems including long distance and dense phase pneumatic conveying systems.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 High pressure systems.- 9.3 Dense phase flow classification.- 9.4 A description of plug flow and the relationships between plug flow and material characteristics.- 9.5 System selection and product characteristics.- 9.6 Dense phase system design.- 9.7 Long distance pneumatic conveying and pressure loss minimization.- 9.8 Conclusions.- References.- 10 Gas—solids separation.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Selection criteria.- 10.3 Cyclone separators—theory of the separation of particles in the centrifugal field.- 10.4 Fabric filters.- 10.5 Cleaning by sound.- 10.6 Conclusions.- References.- 11 Some comments on: the flow behaviour of solids from silos; wear in pneumatic conveying systems; ancillary equipment.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 The flow of solids from bins.- 11.3 Flow aid devices for silos and hoppers.- 11.4 Wear in pneumatic conveying systems.- 11.5 Ancillary equipment.- 11.6 Conclusions.- References.- 12 Control of pneumatic transport.- 12.1 Basic material flow and control theory.- 12.2 Transport lags.- 12.3 Analysis of gas—solid flow by transfer functions.- 12.4 Stability of pneumatic transfer systems.- 12.5 Stability analysis with Taylor series linearization.- 12.6 Linear stability analysis—Jackson approach.- 12.7 Stability via the Liapunov analysis.- References.- 13 Instrumentation.- 13.1 Standard instrumentation.- 13.2 Transducers.- 13.3 Cross-correlation procedures.- 13.4 A Coriolis force meter.- 13.5 Dielectric meter.- 13.6 Load cells.- 13.7 Particle tagging.- 13.8 Electrostatic based meters.- 13.9 Acoustic measurements.- 13.10 Screw conveyors.- 13.11 Light measuring devices.- 13.12 Other techniques for particle velocities.- 13.13 Instrumentation for industrial applications.- References.- 14 System design and worked examples.- 14.1 Introduction.- 14.2 Moisture content in air.- 14.3 The design of industrial vacuum systems.- 14.4 Dilute phase pneumatic conveying system design (method 1).- 14.5 Dilute phase pneumatic conveying system design (method 2).- 14.6 Dilute phase pneumatic conveying system design (method 3).- 14.7 Dense phase pneumatic conveying system design.- 14.8 Test yourself—dilute phase calculations.- 14.9 Gas—solid flow examples.- 14.10 Conclusions.- References.

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Book SynopsisYear by year the Earth sciences grow more diverse, with an inevitable increase in the degree to which rampant specialization isolates the practitioners of an ever larger number of subfields. An increasing emphasis on sophisticated mathematics, physics and chemistry as well as the use of advanced technology have set up barriers often impenetrable to the uninitiated. Ironically, the potential value of many specialities for other, often non-contiguous ones has also increased. What is at the present time quiet, unseen work in a remote corner of our discipline, may tomorrow enhance, even revitalize some entirely different area. The rising flood of research reports has drastically cut the time we have available for free reading. The enormous proliferation of journals expressly aimed at small, select audiences has raised the threshold of access to a large part of the literature so much that many of us are unable to cross it. This, most would agree, is not only unfortunate but downright dangerous, limiting by sheer bulk of paper or difficulty of compre­ hension, the flow of information across the Earth sciences because, after all it is just one earth that we all study, and cross fertilization is the key to progress. If one knows where to obtain much needed data or inspiration, no effort is too great. It is when we remain unaware of its existence (perhaps even in the office next door) that stagnation soon sets in.Table of Contents1 Historical and legendary disasters.- 1.1 Natural disasters of historical record.- 1.2 Legendary accounts of floods.- 1.3 A naturalistic account of the deluge from the 17th century.- 1.4 The Ussher chronology.- 2 Obligatory catastrophism of the latter 17th century.- 2.1 Constraints on theorizing based on biblical chronology.- 2.2 Steno’s prodromus.- 2.3 Hooke’s views on fossils, floods and earthquakes.- 3 The antiquity of the Earth as perceived in Neptunist and Plutonist theories of the 18th century.- 3.1 Neptunian theories.- 3.2 Hutton’s Plutonist theory.- 3.3 Theoretical geology towards the end of the 18th century.- 4 Geology’s heroic age.- 4.1 Geological isms of the early 19th century.- 4.2 The Wernerian Society.- 4.3 Playfair’s Illustrations.- 4.4 Hall’s experiments.- 4.5 Cuvier’s catastrophism.- 4.6 Buckland’s diluvialism.- 5 Uniformitarians and catastrophists of the 19th century.- 5.1 Lyellian uniformitarianism.- 5.2 The christening of uniformitarianism and catastrophism.- 5.3 Sedgwick’s criticism of the uniformitarian doctrine.- 5.4 Lyell’s responses to his critics.- 5.5 Agassiz and the demise of diluvialism.- 5.6 Lyell’s influence on Darwin.- 5.7 The Kelvin disturbance.- 5.8 Discovery of radioactivity.- 6 Meteorite craters.- 6.1 Impact and explosion craters.- 6.2 The Meteor Crater of Arizona.- 6.3 Other solitary explosion craters.- 6.4 Impact craters.- 6.5 Mixed clusters of impact and explosion craters.- 6.6 The Tungushka meteor.- 6.7 The rarity of meteorite craters.- 7 Cryptoexplosion structures.- 7.1 General features.- 7.2 Controversy concerning origin.- 7.3 A sampler of cryptoexplosion structures.- 7.4 Effects of explosive impacts on organisms.- 8 Mass extinctions.- 8.1 Major episodes.- 8.2 The search for periodicities.- 8.3 Selectivity in extinction events.- 9 Catastrophist scenarios for mass extinctions.- 9.1 The Alvarez hypothesis for terminal Cretaceous extinctions.- 9.2 Evidence supportive of the Alvarez hypothesis.- 9.3 Consequences of impact and explosion of extraterrestrial bodies.- 9.4 Radiation as a cause of mass extinctions.- 9.5 ‘Bad water’ hypotheses.- 10 Extinction of the dinosaurs.- 10.1 Dinosaurmania.- 10.2 Discovery and naming.- 10.3 Points of general agreement concerning dinosaurs.- 10.4 Some hypotheses for extinction.- 10.5 Endotherms or ectotherms?.- 10.6 Bang or whimper?.- 11 Reactions to catastrophist hypotheses for mass extinctions.- 11.1 Hypotheses invoking impacts of extraterrestrial bodies.- 11.2 Hypotheses invoking radiation.- 11.3 Problems with iridium and other platinum-group metals.- 11.4 Evidence provided by microspherules.- 11.5 Arctic-spill hypothesis.- 12 Alternative hypotheses for mass extinctions.- 12.1 Related to volcanism.- 12.2 Related to changes in global temperature.- 12.3 Related to changes in sea-level.- 12.4 Related to history of plant life.- 13 The new catastrophism.- 13.1 Revival of uniformitarianism in the 20th century.- 13.2 A change in perspective.- 13.3 The impactors.- 13.4 Impact as a fundamental process in planetary evolution.- 13.5 Cosmic impacts and explosions.- 13.6 Giant impact theory of lunar origin.- 13.7 Catastrophic causes of mass extinctions.- 13.8 Status of neocatastrophism.- 13.9 A revolution in the Earth and planetary sciences?.- 13.10 Progress of the extinction debate.- 13.11 A farewell to isms.- References.

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Book SynopsisThe manifold forms and uses of glass are becoming increasing­ ly important in science, industry, and our personal lives. This constantly improving material interests a range of people extending beyond the relatively small number of glass experts. Naturally, questions arise as a result of this widespread interest. For this reason, we have heeded the publisher's suggestion to develop a glass primer which answers many questions and explains much of the terminology. The bases for this Schott Guide to Glass were the lecture manuscript, 'Glass Science for Designers' by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heinz Pfaender, and the Schott pamphlet, Concepts of Technical Glass from A to Z. The manuscript which evolved into this book was written by members of the Schott scientific staff. We thank all those involved in producing this reference work. The Schott Guide to Glass will give experts, interested amateurs, and those who work with glass a glimpse into the diversity of this fascinating material. Mainz, Germany, September 1995 The editor Schott Glaswerke Introduction Glass is possibly the oldest man-made material, used without interruption since the beginning of recorded history. Unlike bronze or iron, however, it has not lent its name to any historical epoch. Still, the use of glass from hand-blown goblets to electronic components has grown with the rise of the industrial era and greatly affects present life. Glassmaking has always been one of the few truly integrated manufacturing processes where native minerals are transformed into an incredible variety of finished products within a single factory.Table of Contents1 The history of glass.- 1.1 Glass in Egypt.- 1.2 A revolution in technology: the glassblowing pipe.- 1.3 Glass in the period of the Roman Empire.- 1.4 From luxury product to everyday item.- 1.5 The role of Venice.- 1.6 Glass in Germany.- 1.7 From art nouveau to modern glass design.- 1.8 On the path to glass technology.- 1.9 Otto Schott — founder of modern glass technology.- 1.10 Glassmaking in the USA (rough outline).- 1.11 Glass all over the world.- 2 Glass, the material.- 2.1 What is glass?.- 2.2 General characteristics of the glassy state.- 2.3 Broad classification of glass types.- 2.3.1 Soda-lime glasses.- 2.3.2 Lead glasses.- 2.3.3 Borosilicate glasses.- 2.3.4 Special glasses.- 2.4 Raw materials for the manufacture of glass.- 2.4.1 Soda ash.- 2.4.2 Glauber’s salt.- 2.4.3 Potash.- 2.4.4 Lime.- 2.4.5 Alumina.- 2.4.6 Lead oxides.- 2.4.7 Barium oxide.- 2.4.8 Boron compounds.- 2.4.9 Coloring agents.- 2.4.10 Opacifiers.- 2.4.11 Glass recycling.- 2.4.12 The batch.- 3 The glassmelt.- 3.1 Melting furnaces and melting tanks.- 3.1.1 Pot melting.- 3.1.2 Tank melting.- 3.1.3 Tank construction.- 3.1.4 Materials for furnace construction.- 3.2 Fuels.- 3.2.1 Gas.- 3.2.2 Fuel oil.- 3.2.3 Electricity.- 3.2.4 Heating.- 3.3 The melting process.- 3.3.1 Primary melting.- 3.3.2 Refining.- 3.3.3 Conditioning.- 3.3.4 Refining in a tank furnace.- 3.3.5 Heat consumption in glass melting.- 3.3.6 Batch feeding.- 3.3.7 Melting defects.- 3.3.8 The sol-gel. process.- 4 Flat glass.- 4.1 The production and use of common types of flat glass.- 4.1.1 Rolled (or cast) glass.- 4.1.2 Window and plate glass.- 4.1.3 Plate glass.- 4.1.4 Float glass.- 4.2 Technical identification of soda-lime flat glasses.- 4.3 Other types of flat glass.- 4.3.1 Antique glass.- 4.3.2 Flashed glass.- 4.4 Processed flat glass.- 4.4.1 Glasses with altered radiation, heat and sound transmission characteristics (solar, thermal and sound insulation).- 4.4.2 Non-reflective glasses.- 4.4.3 Reflective flat glasses.- 4.4.4 Other surface finishing techniques for flat glass.- 4.4.5 Safety glass.- 4.4.6 Fire-resisting glass.- 5 Hollowware and glass tubing.- 5.1 The most important types of hollowware.- 5.2 The shaping of hollowware.- 5.2.1 The mouth-blowing process.- 5.2.2 Machine blowing.- 5.2.3 Pressing.- 5.2.4 Extrusion.- 5.2.5 Spinning (centrifuging).- 5.3 The drawing process for glass tubing.- 5.3.1 Other tube drawing processes.- 5.4 Finishing of hollowware.- 5.4.1 Torch blowing (lampworking).- 5.4.2 Industrial hollowware processing.- 5.4.3 Insulating vessels.- 5.4.4 Glass jewelry.- 5.5 Container glass.- 5.5.1 Beverage bottles.- 5.5.2 Bottling jars.- 5.6 Glass tableware.- 5.6.1 Breakdown of tableware by glass type.- 5.7 Other hollowware.- 5.7.1 Hollow structural glass.- 5.7.2 Lighting glass.- 5.7.3 Laboratory glass and medical hollowware.- 5.8 Finishing of hollowware.- 5.8.1 Finishing in the hot state.- 5.8.2 Finishing in the cold state — glass removing processes.- 5.8.3 Surface coating processes.- 6 Special glasses and their uses.- 6.1 Fused silica (fused quartz or quartz glass).- 6.2 Borosilicate glasses for industrial and laboratory use.- 6.2.1 Laboratory equipment.- 6.2.2 Glass process plant.- 6.3 Pharmaceutical glass.- 6.4 Glasses for electrotechnology and electronics.- 6.4.1 Sealing glasses.- 6.4.2 Glasses for television tubes.- 6.4.3 Glasses for X-ray tubes, transmitting and image-intensifying tubes.- 6.4.4 Glasses for soldering and passivation.- 6.4.5 Sintered glass parts.- 6.4.6 Glasses for high-voltage insulators.- 6.4.7 Ultrasonic delay lines.- 6.4.8 Electron conductive glasses.- 6.4.9 Lamp glasses.- 6.5 Electrode glasses.- 6.6 Optical and ophthalmic glass.- 6.6.1 Properties and classification of optical glasses.- 6.6.2 Transmission of radiation; color filters.- 6.6.3 Ophthalmic glass (spectacle glass).- 6.6.4 Special optical glasses for nuclear technology and radiation research.- 6.6.5 The manufacture of optical glass.- 6.6.6 Microspheres.- 6.7 Glass fiber.- 6.7.1 Insulating glass fibers.- 6.7.2 Fiberglass textiles.- 6.7.3 Glass fiber optics.- 6.8 Glass-ceramics.- 6.9 Porous glass and foam glass.- 6.10 A glance into the future.- 7 Environmental protection in the glass melting process.- 7.1 Glass melting.- 7.1.1 Solid particle emissions.- 7.1.2 Gaseous emissions.- 7.1.3 Flue gas dust collection.- 7.2 Waste disposal.- 8 Glass an an economic factor.- Glass museums.- Explanation of physical symbols and units.- Attenuation of radiation.- Technical literature on glass.

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of this book achieved worldwide recognition within the chocolate and confectionery industry. I was pressed to prepare the third edition to include modern developments in machinery, production, and packaging. This has been a formidable task and has taken longer than anticipated. Students still require, in one book, descriptions of the fundamental principles of the industry as well as an insight into modern methods. Therefore, parts of the previous edition describing basic technology have been retained, with minor alterations where necessary. With over fifty years' experience in the industry and the past eighteen years working as an author, lecturer, and consultant, I have collected a great deal of useful information. Visits to trade exhibitions and to manufacturers of raw materials and machinery in many parts of the world have been very valuable. Much research and reading have been necessary to prepare for teaching and lecturing at various colleges, seminars, and manufacturing establishments. The third edition is still mainly concerned with science, technology, and production. It is not a book of formulations, which are readily available elsewhere. Formulations without knowledge of principles lead to many errors, and recipes are given only where examples are necessary. _ Analytical methods are described only when they are not available in textbooks, of which there are many on standard methods of food analysis. Acknowledgments I am still indebted to many of the persons mentioned under "Acknowledgments" in the second edition. I am especially grateful to the following.Table of Contents1: Cocoa and Chocolate.- 1. History and Development.- 2. Cocoa Processes.- 3. Cocoa Butter and Replacement Fats.- 4. Emulsifiers in Chocolate Confectionery Coatings and Cocoa.- 5. Chocolate Manufacture.- 6. Confectionery Coatings, Chocolate Replacers, Dietetic Compounds.- 7. Chocolate Bars and Covered Confectionery.- 2: Confectionery: Ingredients and Processes.- 8. Sugars, Glucose Syrups, and Other Sweeteners.- 9. Confectionery Fats.- 10. Milk and Milk Products.- 11. Egg Albumen and Other Aerating Agents.- 12. Gelatinizing Agents, Gums, Glazes, Waxes.- 13. Starches, Soya Flour, Soya Protein.- 14. Fruits, Preserved Fruits, Jam, Dried Fruit.- 15. Nuts.- 16. Chemical and Allied Substances Used in the Confectionery Industry.- 17. Colors for Use in Confectionery.- 18. Flavor and Flavoring Materials.- 19. Confectionery Processes and Formulations.- 3: General Technology.- 20. Science and Technology of Chocolate and Confectionery.- 21. Pest Control.- 22. Packaging in the Confectionery Industry.- 23. Quality Control.- 24. Food Value of Chocolate and Confectionery.- 25. Research and Development in the Confectionery Industry.- Appendix I. Special Methods of Analysis.- Appendix II. Resources.

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Book SynopsisThis book consists of a collection of essays written between 1965 and 1981. Some have been published elsewhere; others appear here for the first time. Although dealing with different figures and different periods, they have a common theme: all are concerned with examining how the method of hy­ pothesis came to be the ruling orthodoxy in the philosophy of science and the quasi-official methodology of the scientific community. It might have been otherwise. Barely three centuries ago, hypothetico­ deduction was in both disfavor and disarray. Numerous rival methods for scientific inquiry - including eliminative and enumerative induction, analogy and derivation from first principles - were widely touted. The method of hypothesis, known since antiquity, found few proponents between 1700 and 1850. During the last century, of course, that ordering has been inverted and - despite an almost universal acknowledgement of its weaknesses - the method of hypothesis (usually under such descriptions as 'hypothetico­ deduction' or 'conjectures and refutations') has become the orthodoxy of the 20th century. Behind the waxing and waning of the method of hypothesis, embedded within the vicissitudes of its fortunes, there is a fascinating story to be told. It is a story that forms an integral part of modern science and its philosophy.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. The Sources of Modern Methodology: Two Models of Change.- 3. A Revisionist Note on the Methodological Significance of Galilean Mechanics.- 4. The Clock Metaphor and Hypotheses: The Impact of Descartes on English Methodological Thought, 1650–1670.- 5. John Locke on Hypotheses: Placing The Essay in the ‘Scientific Tradition’.- 6. Hume (and Hacking) on Induction.- 7. Thomas Reid and the Newtonian Turn of British Methodological Thought.- 8. The Epistemology of Light: Some Methodological Issues in the Subtle Fluids Debate.- 9. Towards a Reassessment of Comte’s ‘Méthode Positive’.- 10. William Whewell on the Consilience of Inductions.- 11. Why was the Logic of Discovery Abandoned?.- 12. A Note on Induction and Probability in the 19th Century.- 13. Ernst Mach’s Opposition to Atomism.- 14. Peirce and the Trivialization of the Self-Corrective Thesis.- Bibliographic Note.- Index of Names.

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Book SynopsisMultinational Corporations and the Emerging Network Economy in Asia and the Pacific delves into the ongoing rise of a global economy anchored in a web of inter-firm production networks and the role played by multinational corporations in the process. It considers the strategies and business models corporations have adopted lately to face today's highly competitive global markets, especially outsourcing and offshoring, focusing on the modalities observed in Asia Pacific and the Pacific Rim at large. Since their inception, corporations have undergone a series of fundamental changes; each has corresponded to a given era of industrial development and has given rise to a particular type of government policy response. The book addresses these timely issues and other such as the transformation of global production networks into global innovation networks, the link between corporate and national innovation strategies and movement up the global production value chain, and the fragmentTable of ContentsMultinational Corporations and the Economy of Networks: An Overview Juan J. Palacios. Eras of Enterprise Globalisation: From Vertical Integration to Virtualisation and Beyond Sandor Boyson and Chaodong Han Innovation Offshoring: Root Causes of Asia’s Rise and Policy Implications Dieter Ernst Information and Communication Technologies and Inter-Corporate Production Networks: Global Information Technology and Local Guanxi in the Taiwanese Personal Computer Industry Kenneth L. Kraemer, Jason Dedrick, William Foster and Zhang Cheng The Creation of Regional Production Networks in Asia Pacific: The Case of Japanese Multinational Corporations Shujiro Urata The Internationalisation of Firm Activities and its Economic Impacts: The Case of South Korea Sanghoon Ahn, Siwook Lee and Cheonsik Woo The Rise of Mexican Multinationals: Driving Forces and Limiting Factors Víctor López Villafañe and Clemente Ruiz Durán Emerging Transnational Corporations from East Asia: The Case of Mainland China Edward K.Y. Chen and Ping LinMultinational Production Networks and the New Geo-Economic Division of Labour in Pacific Rim Countries Prema-chandra Athukorala Multinational Corporations and Pacific Regionalism Philippa Dee Governing Multinational Corporations in the Pacific Robert Scollay Corporate Social Responsibility and Capital Accumulation Djisman Simanjuntak

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Book SynopsisAssociationism and the Literary Imagination traces the influence of empirical philosophy and associationist psychology on theories of literary creativity and on the experience of reading literature. It runs from David Hume''s Treatise of Human Nature in 1739 to the works of major literary critics of the twentieth century, such as I.A. Richards, W.K. Wimsatt and Northrop Frye. Cairns Craig explores the ways in which associationist conceptions of literature gave rise to some of the key transformations in British writing between the romantic and modernist periods. In particular, he analyses the ways in which authors'' conceptions of the form of their readers'' aesthetic experience led to radical developments in literary style, from the fragmentary narrative of Sterne''s Tristram Shandy in 1760 to Virginia Woolf''s experiments in the rendering of characters'' consciousness in the 1920s; and from Wordsworth''s poetic use of autobiography to J.G. Frazer''s exploration of a mythic unconscious in The Golden Bough.Table of ContentsTable of Contents:; Acknowledgements; Abbreviations; Introduction: A Chain of Associations; 1 'Kant has not answered Hume': Hume, Coleridge and the Romantic Imagination; 2 Signs of Mind and the Return of the Native: Wordsworth to Yeats; 3 Strange Attractors and the Conversible World: Hume, Sterne, Dickens; 4 The Mythic Method and the Foundations of Modern Literary Criticism; 5 Chaos and Conversation: Pater, Joyce, Woolf; 6 The Lyrical Epic and the Singularity of Literature; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisIn this book the purpose is to examine automation technology in its broadest sense and develop not only an understanding but also present some of the engineering and organization "know-how" by which manufacturing management can more effectively utilize automation to improve pro­ ductivity and combat rising costs in the years ahead.Table of ContentsAutomation in Manufacture—Its Character and Growth.- Industry Application 1-A: Evolution to Automation.- Industry Application 1-B: The Automated Egg.- 2 Automation of Materials Production Processing.- Industry Application 2-A: Computer Makes Precise Purlins.- Industry Application 2-B: Automated Cleaning of Rim Stock.- Industry Application 2-C: Textile Automation.- 3 In-Process Handling Operations.- Industry Application 3-A: Multi-Floor Automated Delivery.- Industry Application 3-B: Deep Lane Storage.- Industry Application 3-C: Job Lot Production.- Industry Application 3-D: Robot Loads Air Conditioners.- Industry Application 3-E: High Tech, In-Line Bag Making.- 4 Controlling Production Automatically.- Industry Application 4-A: Producing on the Ocean Floor.- Industry Application 4-B: Computerized Open-Die Forging.- Industry Application 4-C: Automatic Batching Systems.- Industry Application 4-D: Automated Can Production.- 5 Manufacturing Information Systems.- Industry Application 5-A: Automated Carousels Feed Typewriter Assemblers on MRP Diet.- Industry Application 5-B: Automating Manufacturing Information.- 6 Integrating the Manufacturing System.- Industry Application 6-A: Computer Integrated Manufacturing.- Industry Application 6-B: Machining System for Diesel Engine Cam Followers.- Industry Application 6-C: Aircraft Component Manufacture.- 7 The FMS Alternative.- Industry Application 7-A: Fuser Rolls for Xerox Duplicators.- Industry Application 7-B: Automated Tractor Assembly.- Industry Application 7-C: Grinding Turbine Blades in Automated Cells.- Industry Application 7-D: System Automates Midvolume Production.- 8 Manufacturing Engineering and the System.- Industry Application 8-A: Semiconductor Circuit Production.- 9 R & D for Manufacturing Automation.- Industry Application 9-A: Flexible Manufacturing System.- Industry Application 9-B: Computerized Gear Generating.- 10 The Product and Design Engineering.- 11 Design for Automated Assembly.- Industry Application 11-A: Assembling Motor Armatures.- Industry Application 11-B: Automotive Assembly Respot Welding.- 12 Designing for N/C Production.- 13 Management Philosophy for Automation.- Industry Application 13-A: Automotive Automation.- 14 Industrial Relations Policy for Automation.- Industry Application 14-A: Training for Automation.- 15 Automation Systems Accounting.- 16 Roadblocks to Automation.

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Book SynopsisOne: Perspectives.- 1. Principles of Fish Culture and Aquaculture Systems.- 2. Principles of Culture Systems Management.- 3. Approaches to People (Using Human Resources).- 4. Marketing.- 5. Life Cycles and Production Strategies.- 6. Water and Health Management.- 7. Ethics.- Two: Quantitative Approaches.- 8. Production Economics.- 9. Records for Managerial Analyses.- 10. Production System Limits.- 11. Decision-Making Tools.- 12. Computer Assisted Decision Support Systems.- Appendixes.- Appendix I. Manager Attributes and Expectations.- Appendix II. Suggested Steps for Learning to Read People.- Appendix III. Examples of Enterprise Budgets, Cash Flow, and Credit Repayment Schedules.- Appendix IV. Life-Cycle Costing.- Appendix V. Sample Calculation to Determine the Number of Fish that Can be Reared in a Unit (Tank) That Receives 5 Gallons Per Minute (GPM) Water Flow.- Appendix VI. Sample Problems on Production Capacity Assessment (PCA).Table of ContentsOne: Perspectives.- 1. Principles of Fish Culture and Aquaculture Systems.- Definition, Principles, and Need for Management.- The Culture System Spectra.- World Overview.- Freshwater.- Saltwater.- Temperature.- Organizational Systems.- Operational Systems and Degree of Intensification.- Summary.- 2. Principles of Culture Systems Management.- Management Definitions and Approaches.- The Job of Management.- Management Functions and Activities.- Planning and Organizing.- Decision Making.- Control and Evaluation.- Accepting Responsibility.- Management Styles and Attributes of Successful Managers.- Scope of Aquaculture Management.- Bottom Line.- Managing to Achieve Objectives.- Financial Analyses Miss the Point in the Public Domain.- Sometimes Financial Analyses Do Not Miss the Point.- Summary.- 3. Approaches to People (Using Human Resources).- Contingency Theory.- Management Skills.- Leading and Motivating.- Motivating (Maslow) Needs Hierarchy.- Communicating and Active Listening.- Using Performance Plans and Examples of a Performance Standard.- Productivity.- What is Productivity?.- The Manager’s Mandate and Enhancing Effectiveness.- Beginning.- Summary.- 4. Marketing.- Functional and Institutional Aspects of Marketing.- Performance.- Cooperatives.- Marketing Studies and Test Marketing.- Strategies for Cultured Products.- Summary.- 5. Life Cycles and Production Strategies.- Enterprises and the Concept of Mixing.- Energy Flow.- Summary.- 6. Water and Health Management.- Water Management.- Quality.- Aeration, Oxygen Injection, Atmospheric Exchange.- Metabolites.- Buffering and Toxicity Mediators.- Complementary Use.- Effluent: Environmental Impacts and Treatment.- Managing Metabolites.- Site Selection.- Health Management.- Recognition.- Planning: Management of the Water Supply.- Design.- Management.- 7. Ethics.- Business and Government.- Environmental Ethics: From Management of Scarce Natural Resources to Commodity Production for Human Consumption.- Moral Standing.- Animal Rights.- Preserving Rare Species.- Conclusions.- Professionalism and Legislated Ethics (for Public Domain Managers).- Two: Quantitative Approaches.- 8. Production Economics.- Microeconomic Principles.- Fixed and Variable Costs.- Marginal Analysis.- Cost Concepts (in Decision Making).- Timid Costs of Ownership.- Taxes.- Interest.- Maintenance.- Insurance.- Depreciation.- Total Ownership Costs.- 9. Records for Managerial Analyses.- Record Keeping.- Enterprise Budgets.- Cash Flow.- Financial Statement.- 10. Production System Limits.- Capacity Estimates.- A Fairyfish Tail.- Dissolved Oxygen and Metabolites.- Production Capacity Assessment (PCA).- Detailed Procedure for PCA.- 11. Decision-Making Tools.- Partial Budgeting.- The Delphi Technique.- Benefit-Cost Analysis.- Present Value Analysis.- Five Additional Analysis Techniques.- Sensitivity Analysis.- Decision Trees.- 12. Computer Assisted Decision Support Systems.- Analytic Hierarchy Process.- AHP Decision Analysis for Procurement, Installation, and Use of Oxygenation Equipment.- Linear Programming.- Appendixes.- Appendix I. Manager Attributes and Expectations.- Appendix II. Suggested Steps for Learning to Read People.- Appendix III. Examples of Enterprise Budgets, Cash Flow, and Credit Repayment Schedules.- Appendix IV. Life-Cycle Costing.- Appendix V. Sample Calculation to Determine the Number of Fish that Can be Reared in a Unit (Tank) That Receives 5 Gallons Per Minute (GPM) Water Flow.- Appendix VI. Sample Problems on Production Capacity Assessment (PCA).

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Book SynopsisIf we naturally extend our goal to the design of systems which will behave more and more intelligently, learning systems research is only a preliminary step towards a general concept of integrated intelligent systems.Table of ContentsThe Concept of a Linguistic Variable and its Application to Approximate Reasoning.- Fundamental Concepts and Social Consequences of Artificial Intelligence.- Biorobots for Simulation Studies of Learning and Intelligent Controls.- A Mathematical Neuron Model which Has a Staircaselike Response Characteristic.- Performance Aspects of Stochastic Nonlinear System Classification by Pattern Recognition Methods.- Algorithmic Techniques for Modeling Nonlinear Functions.- A Survey of Heuristic Search Method of Multimodal Optimum Point.- Basic Search Patterns in Heuristic Search.- Multi-Modal System Identifications by a Learning Procedure.- Learning Dual Control under Complete State Information.- On a Class of Variable-Structure Systems.- A Method of Learning Control Varying Search Domain by Fuzzy Automata.- Adaptive Computer Aiding in Dynamic Decision Processes.- Optimal Learning Recognizer for Unknown Signal Sets in a Channel with Feedback Link.- Computational Algorithms for Interactive Pattern Recognition.- A Methodology for Interactive Systems.- Automatic Recognition of Complex Three-Dimensional Objects from Optical Images.- Eyes of the Wabot.- The “Rubber-Mask” Technique-I, Pattern Meaurement and Analysis.- The “Rubber-Mask” Technique-II, Pattern Storage and Recognition.- Learning Texture Information from Singular Photographs and Its Application in Digital Image Classification.- A Theory of Character Recognition by Pattern Matching Method.

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Book SynopsisTen years ago the first International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences (COINS-63) was held at Northwestern University.Table of ContentsThe Objective of Database Management.- 1. A Shared Database.- 2. Database Integrity.- 2.1. Facets of Database Integrity.- 2.2. The Means to Database Integrity.- 3. Availability.- 3.1. Diversity of Users.- 3.2. Diversity of Modes.- 3.3. Diversity of Languages.- 3.4. Diversity of Needs.- 4. Evolvability.- 4.1. Changing Technology.- 4.2. Changing User Demands.- 4.3. The Means to Evolvability.- 5. References.- 6. Bibliography.- 6.1. Articles.- 6.2. Books and Major Works.- Relational Data Base Systems: A Tutorial.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Relational Model of Data.- 3. A Sample Data Model.- 4. The Hierarchical Approach.- 5. The Network Approach.- 6. A Data Sublanguage for the Relational Model.- 6.1. Relational Algebra.- 6.2. Relational Calculus.- 7. Some Existing Relational Systems.- 8. References.- A Relational Data Management System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Example.- 3. Application.- 4. Implementation.- 5. Reflections.- 6. References.- A Data Base Search Problem.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Background.- 1.2. Queries.- 1.3. Assumptions.- 1.4. General Plan.- 1.5. Summary.- 2. Representation of a Query.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Normalization of ß-Expressions.- 2.3. Graphic Representation of a Query.- 2.4. Tabular Representation of a Query.- 2.5. Conclusion.- 3. Improvement of the Reduction Algorithm.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. The Codd Reduction Algorithm.- 3.3. The Evaluation Factors.- 3.4. Improvements on Reduction Algorithm.- 3.5. The Join Algorithm.- 3.6. Improved Reduction Algorithm.- 3.7. Summary.- 4. Algorithm Using Semi-Joins.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. The Semi-Join.- 4.3. The Indirect Join.- 4.4. Target Relations Determined by the T-Table.- 4.5. Exploring a Relation.- 4.6. Estimating Intermediate Storage.- 4.7. The Algorithm Using Semi-Joins.- 4.8. Summary.- 5. Conclusion.- 6. Appendix A. Relational Calculus.- 7. Appendix B. Justification for Reduced Ranges.- 8. References.- An Experiment with a Relational Data Base System in Environmental Research.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. An Environmental Research Problem.- 1.2. Project Background.- 1.3. Problem Characteristics.- 2. Data Processing in an Ecological Research Program.- 2.1. What Activities Are Involved?.- 2.2. Demands on the Software System.- 3. Computer Techniques in the Project.- 3.1. Information Systems Used.- 3.2. Characteristics of IS/1.- 3.3. Some Experiences.- 3.4. An Example.- 4. Conclusion.- 5. References.- Special Topic Data Base Development.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Content-Induced Partition.- 1.2. Profile-Directed Partition.- 1.3. Data Base Organization.- 2. Content-Induced Partition.- 2.1. Characteristic Weighting Algorithm.- 2.2. Logicostatistical Term Associations.- 2.3. Retrieval Implications.- 3. Profile-Directed Partition.- 3.1. Topic Profile Generation.- 3.2. Term Association Submatrix Partition.- 3.3. Retrieval Implications.- 4. Data Base Organization. Retrieval File Structures.- 5. Summary.- 6. References.- BOLTS: A Retrieval Language for Tree-Structured Data Base Systems.- 1. Introductory Remarks.- 2. Preliminary Definitions.- 3. Retrieval Procedure.- 4. Examples of Retrievals in SET-BARS and TREE-BARS.- 4.1. An Example of the Set-Theoretic System.- 4.2. An Example of the Tree-Theoretic System.- 5. Definition of BOLTS.- 5.1. Set Manipulation Functions.- 5.2. Node Extraction Functions.- 5.3. Selection and Qualification in BOLTS.- 5.4. Examples of SELECT, ADJUST, QUALIFY, and TYPE.- 6. Tree Operations in BOLTS.- 6.1. Preliminary Theorems.- 6.2. Tree Intersection in BOLTS.- 6.3. Tree Complement in BOLTS.- 6.4. Examples of Tree Operations in BOLTS.- 7. The “HAS Clause” in BOLTS.- 7.1. An Example of Sibling Retrieval.- 7.2. An Example of Indirect Ancestor Retrieval.- 7.3. An Additional Capability in BOLTS.- 8. Concluding Remarks.- 9. References.- An Algorithm for Maintaining Dynamic AVL Trees.- 1. Introduction.- 2. AVL Trees.- 3. Searching.- 4. Insertion.- 5. Deletion.- 6. The Implemented Algorithm.- 7. Comparison with Binary Search Trees of Bounded Balance. ..- 8. References.- SPIRAL’s Autoindexing and Searching Algorithms.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Indexing and Storage System.- 2.1. Exclusion Words.- 2.2. Suffix Truncation.- 2.3. Encoding for Vocabulary Indices.- 2.4. Encoding for Word Usage Patterns.- 3. Inquiry Form.- 4. Inquiry Compilation.- 5. Retrieval Process.- 5.1. Type 1 Processing.- 5.2. Type 3 Processing.- 5.3. Type 5 Processing.- 5.4. Type 7 Processing.- 6. Conclusion.- 7. References.- SEFIRE : A Sequential Feedback Interactive Retrieval System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Characteristics of Interactive Information Retrieval System. ..- 3. Hierarchical Category Files.- 4. Software Design.- 4.1. Design Principles.- 4.2. System Tables.- 5. Experimental Results.- 6. Conclusions.- 7. References.- An Analysis of Document Retrieval Systems Using a Generalized Model.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Generalized Model.- 2.1. User.- 2.2. Logical Processor.- 2.3 Selector.- 2.4. Descriptor File.- 2.5. Locator.- 2.6. Document File.- 2.7. Data.- 2.8. Analysis.- 3. Analysis of Implemented Systems.- 3.1. Query System.- 3.2. GIPSY.- 3.3. BIRS.- 3.4. SMART.- 4. Summary.- 5. References.- Information Systems for Urban Problem Solvers.- 1. Introduction : Recognition of a Need for Urban Information Systems.- 2. A Typology of Problems : Information Systems for Problem- Solving.- 3. Information Systems for Well-Defined Problems.- 4. Functions of an Information System for Ill-Structured Problems.- 5. Design Principles.- 6. Conclusions and Recommendations.- 7. Appendix A: A Model for the Simplest Shopping Problem....- 8. Appendix B: Consequences of a Decision by People Who Have Undesirable Genes Not to Have Offspring.- 9. References.- EMISARI: A Management Information System Designed to Aid and Involve People.- 1 Introduction.- 2. Description of System.- 2.1. User’s Guide, Description, and Explanation Choices.- 2.2. Agencies and Contacts.- 2.3. Messages and Communication.- 2.4. Estimates, Programs, and Tables.- 2.5. Text Files.- 2.6. Special Features.- 3. Role of the Monitor.- 4. Implementation Features.- 4.1. Use of XBASIC.- 4.2. Files and Adaptive Index.- 4.3. Data Survivability.- 5. References.- Transferability and Translation of Programs and Data.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Aspects of Language Translation.- 3. Aspects of Data Translation.- 3.1. Definitions of Data Terms.- 3.2. A Model of Data Accessing.- 3.3. Generalized Data Access and Translation.- 4. Interpendence of Program and Data Translation.- 5. Features of Program and Data Translation.- 5.1. Logical Elements of a Program Translator.- 5.2. Logical Elements of a Data Translator.- 5.3. Uniqueness of Translation.- 6. Conclusions.- 7. References.- Processing Systems Optimization through Automatic Design and Reorganization of Program Modules.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methodology.- 3. Definitions.- 4. Process Grouping Concept.- 5. Process Grouping Determination.- 5.1. Generation of Feasible Process Groupings to Form Modules.- 5.2. Generation of Alternative System Designs.- 5.3. Transport Volume Savings Calculation.- 6. Combining Processes.- 7. Example.- 8. Conclusions.- 9. References.- Verification and Checking of APL Programs.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Proving Assertions about APL Programs.- 3. Verification of Constraints of APL Programs.- 3.1. Straight-Line Programs with Assertions.- 3.2. Programs with Branches and Assertions.- 3.3. Programs with Branches and No Assertions.- 4. Summary and Conclusions.- 5. References.- G/PL/I: Extending PL/I for Graph Processing.- 1. Introduction.- 2. An Informal Description of the Extension.- 3. Implementation Considerations.- 4. An Example.- 5. Directions for Further Developments.- 6. Appendix.- 7. References.- A Unified Approach to the Evaluation of a Class of Replacement Algorithms.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Definition of Basic Concepts.- 3. Random, Partially Preloaded Algorithms.- 4. Proof of Theorem 2.- 5. The Algorithms RAND and FIFO.- 6. Appendix. Proof of Lemma 1.- 7. References.- Quantitative Timing Analysis and Verification for File Organization Modeling.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Description and Organization of the Model.- 3. Techniques of Analysis.- 4. Experimental Evaluation of the Timing Equations.- 5. Conclusion.- 6. References.- A Mathematical Model for Computer-Assisted Document Creation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Description of the Model and Its Mathematical Representation.- 3. Optimal Operation.- 4. A Special Case: “Ideal Operator—Exponential File”.- 5. Application to System Design.- 6. Conclusions.- 7. Appendix.- 8. References.- Representing Geographic Information for Efficient Computer Search.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Subject.- 1.2. Examples.- 2. Representation Technique.- 2.1. Basic Data Structure.- 2.2. Properties of the TCB Structure.- 2.3. Representing Regional Information.- 2.4. Representing Contour Map Information.- 3. Retrieval Applications.- 3.1. Geographic Information System.- 3.2. Terrain Coverage Information for Microwave Radiometer Image Prediction Model.- 3.3. Terrain Relief Information for Radar Image Prediction Model.- 4. Summary.- 5. Appendix Contour Map Search List Determination.- 6. References.- A Syntactic Pattern Recognition System with Learning Capability.- I. Introduction.- 2. Design Concepts and Overall System Description.- 3. Learning of Pattern Grammar.- 4. Learning of Production Probabilities.- 5. Computational Results.- 6. Conclusion.- 7. References.- Optimization in Nonhierarchic Clustering.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. The Problem.- 1.2. The Dynamic Clusters Method.- 1.3. Synthetic Study of the Solutions Obtained.- 2. Some Notations and Definitions.- 3. Constructing the Triplets (f,g, W).- 3.1. General Formulation.- 3.2. The Different Variants and a Comparison of Some of Interest.- 3.3. Construction of Triplets That Make the Sequence un Decreasing.- 4. The Structure of, Lk, Pk, Vk and Optimality Properties.- 4.1. The Nonbiased Elements.- 4.2. The Impasse Elements.- 5. Searching for Invariants.- 5.1. Measure of the Rooted Trees.- 5.2. Strong Forms, Fuzzy Sets, and Information.- 5.3. Global Optimum of Vk.- 5.4. Approaching the Global Optimum by Changing Trees.- 6. Programming the Tables of the Strong Forms and the Heuristic Interpretation.- 7. Examples of Applications.- 7.1. The Artificial Example of Ruspini.- 7.2. Classifying the Soundings of a Mine for Its Minerals.- 7.3. Study of Serum Protein Disturbance in Clinical Pathology.- 8. Conclusion.- 9. Appendix A.- 10. Appendix B.- 11. Appendix C.- 12. References.- Nonparametric Learning Using Contextual Information.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Structure of the Machine.- 3. Nonparametric Learning.- 4. Computer Simulation.- 5. Concluding Remarks.- 6. References.

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Table of ContentsZahl, Raum, Zeit und Einheiten.- Zahlen und ihre Darstellung Dezimalzahlen.- Dualzahlen.- Römische Zahlen.- Teilbarkeit der Zahlen.- Bruchrechnung.- Zinseszins- und Rentenrechnung.- Potenzrechnung.- Wurzelrechnung.- Logarithmen.- Taschenrechner.- Mengenlehre.- Wichtige mathematische Zeichen.- Geometrie.- Geometrie der Ebene (Planimetrie).- Geometrische Grundkonstruktionen.- Dreiecke.- Vierecke.- Der Kreis.- Die Kegelschnitte.- Umfangs- und Flächenberechnung.- Lehrsätze.- Geometrie des Raumes (Stereometrie).- Trigonometrie Zeit Einheiten und Größen.- Trigonometrie.- Graphische Darstellung der trigonometrischen Funktionen.- Zeitspannen.- Weltzeituhr.- Kalender.- Meßwesen.- Gesetzliche Einheiten.- Sonstige wichtige Einheiten.- Physik.- Allgemeiner Überblick.- Aufgaben der Physik.- Gliederung der Physik.- Physikalische Größen.- Spezielle Zahlenwerte einiger physikalischer Größen.- Mechanik.- Dichte von Körpern.- Mohssche Härteskala.- Oberflächenspannung und dynamische Viskosität.- Reibungszahlen.- Strömungswiderstand.- Akustik.- Grundlagen.- Intervalle.- Reine und temperierte Stimmung.- Schalleistungen.- Lautstärken.- Frequenzen.- Wärmelehre.- Temperaturen.- Wärmeausdehnung.- Spezifische Verbrennungswärme.- Wärmeleitzahlen.- Elektrizität und Magnetismus.- Dielektrizitätszahlen.- Elektrischer Widerstand.- Supraleitung.- Thermoelektrische Spannungsreihe.- Elektrolytische Spannungsreihe.- Permeabilitätszahlen.- Elektrische und elektromagnetische Schwingungen und Wellen.- Atomphysik.- Atome, Ionen und Moleküle.- Elementarteilchen.- Radioaktivität.- Chemie.- Allgemeiner Überblick.- Aufgaben der Chemie.- Gliederung der Chemie.- Zusammensetzung der Stoffe.- Aggregatzustände (Phasen) der Stoffe.- Chemische Elemente.- Das Periodensystem der chemischen Elemente.- Die chemischen Elemente mit den Mischungsverhältnissen ihrer Isotope.- Chemische Verbindungen.- Anorganische Verbindungen.- Organische Verbindungen.- Schmucksteine.- Kunststoffe.- Astronomie.- Allgemeiner Überblick.- Aufgaben der Astronomie.- Erde und Mond.- Das Sonnensystem.- Einführung.- Die Körper des Sonnensystems.- Die Sonne.- Sterne und Weltraum.- Die Sterne.- Die Milchstraße, unser Sternsystem.- Extragalaktische Nebel.- Das Universum.- Biologie.- Allgemeine Biologie Die Pflanze.- Aufbau der Zelle.- Die Zellteilung.- Vererbung.- Die Pflanze.- Einteilung des Pflanzenreichs.- Organe der Pflanzen.- Aufbau und Stoffwechsel.- Alternativer Landbau.- Zimmerpflanzen.- Gewürze und Gewürzkräuter.- Ausländische Früchte.- Naturschutz.- Das Tier.- Einteilung des Tierreichs.- Tierarten.- Physiologische Daten.- Säugetiere.- Vögel.- Aufbau und Zusammensetzung des Tierkörpers.- Haustiere.- Tierschutz.- Der Mensch.- Abstammung.- Anatomie.- Sinnesorgane und Nervensystem.- Hormone des Menschen.- Die Haut.- Schwangerschaft und Geburt.- Stoffwechsel und Ernährung.- Extreme aus dem Tierreich.- Die Erde.- Gestalt und Größe.- Charakteristische Daten.- Pole der Erde.- Horizontale und vertikale Gliederung.- Orte annähernd gleicher geographischer Länge und Breite.- Bevölkerung.- Bevölkerungsentwicklung der Erde.- Trends und Prognosen der Weltbevölkerung.- Millionenstädte der Erde.- Geologischer Aufbau.- Die chemischen Elemente der Erdkruste.- Minerale und Gesteine.- Geothermische Tiefenstufe.- Höhlen der Erde.- Erdgeschichtliche Zeittafel.- Geographische Verbreitung der aktiven Vulkane.- Erdbeben.- Thermen Mitteleuropas.- Naturkatastrophen.- Lufthülle und Klima.- Vertikaler Aufbau der Atmosphäre.- Wolken.- Dämmerungserscheinungen.- Luftdruck.- Klimatische Verhältnisse einiger Großstädte der Welt.- Meteorologische Zeichen.- Die Zeitungswetterkarte.- Regelmäßige, periodische und lokale Winde.- Wetterregeln.- Das Festland.- Mittlere Höhe der Kontinente.- Bedeutende Berge.- Erstbesteigungen.- Depressionen.- Höhenlage ausgewählter Orte.- Waldflächen.- Höhenstufen in den mitteleuropäischen Gebirgen.- Gletscher.- Höhe der klimatischen Schneegrenze.- Binnengewässer.- Flüsse.- Wasserfälle.- Binnenseen.- Talsperren.- Küsten und Inseln.- Die Meere.- Meerengen und Meeresstraßen.- Tiefseegräben.- Größe der Ozeane.- Salzgehalt.- Meeresströmungen.- Seegang.- Einzugsgebiete der Ozeane.- Die Landkarte.- Entdeckungen und Forschungsreisen.- Geschichte.- Weltgeschichte im Überblick.- Chronik1982.- Regentenlisten.- Die ägyptischen Dynastien.- Römische Kaiser und Gegenkaiser.- Byzantinisches Reich.- Fränkisches Reich.- Deutsche Könige und Kaiser.- Brandenburg-Preußen.- Sachsen.- Württemberg.- Hannover.- Bayern.- Österreich.- Frankreich.- England/Großbritannien.- Rußland/Sowjetunion.- Polen.- Dänemark.- Norwegen.- Schweden.- Niederlande.- Belgien.- Italien.- Spanien.- Portugal.- Türkei.- USA.- Kultur, Philosophie und Religion.- Sprache und Schrift.- Die Sprachen der Erde.- Entwicklung der deutschen Sprache.- Schriftsysteme und Schriften.- Entstehung und Entwicklung des Alphabets.- Druckschriften und Druckverfahren.- Korrekturvorschriften.- Literatur.- Vers, Reim und Strophe.- Ausgewählte literarische Pseudonyme.- Literatur der Hochkulturen.- Abendländische Literatur.- Musik.- Orchesterbesetzungen.- Noten und Zeichen.- Musikinstrumente.- Epochen der Musikgeschichte.- Abendländische Musik.- Flaggen.- Wappen und Flaggen (Bundesrepublik Deutschland).- Wappen und Flaggen (Schweiz).- Wappen und Flaggen (Österreich).- Dienstgradabzeichen.- Sternbilder.- Verkehrszeichen.- Bundesautobahnnetz.- Eisenbahnsignale.- Mensch.- Festspiele in Europa.- Bildende Kunst.- Baustile.- Epochen der Kunstgeschichte.- Berühmte Porzellanmarken.- Abendländische Kunst.- Die Sieben Weltwunder.- Philosophie.- Philosophie des Ostens.- Abendländische Philosophie.- Religion.- Weltreligionen.- Religionen der Staaten der Erde.- Bücher der Bibel.- Jugendreligionen.- Heilige der katholischen Kirche.- Päpste.- Gestalten der griechischen Mythologie.- Gestalten und Begriffe der germanischen Mythologie.- Bildung und Wissenschaft.- Ausbildung.- Ausgewählte Zahlen zum Bildungswesen.- Schulabgänger und Auszubildende.- Volkshochschulen.- Studierende an den Hochschulen.- Medien.- Buch und Presse.- Theater und Film.- Rundfunk und Fernsehen.- Fernsehprogramm.- Wissenschaft und Forschung.- Ausgaben der Hochschulen.- Forschungsausgaben.- Bedeutende deutsche und ausländische Bibliotheken.- Bedeutende deutsche und ausländische Kunstmuseen.- Nobelpreisträger.- Energie, Umwelt und Technik.- Energie und Umwelt.- Einführung.- Stein- und Braunkohle.- Erdöl und Erdgas.- Energieerzeugung.- Energieeinsparung.- Kernenergie.- Bau- und Haustechnik.- Bautechnik.- Haustechnik.- Höhen bekannter Bauwerke.- Haustechnik Bedeutende Tunnel.- Bedeutende Brücken.- Elektrotechnik.- Allgemeines.- Elektronik.- Nachrichtentechnik.- Farbfernsehen.- Halbleiter.- Miniaturisierung.- Mikroprozessor.- Daten- und Informationsverarbeitung verarbeitung.- Daten.- Codes.- Computer.- Datenverarbeitung.- Rechnerausnutzung.- Betriebsarten.- Programmiersprachen.- Kraftfahrzeugtechnik.- Fahrzeugformen.- Pkw-Motor.- Kraftübertragung.- Fahrwerk und Radaufhängung.- Bremsen.- Fahrzeugelektrik.- Schiffbau.- Schiffstypen.- Aufbau und Ausrüstung von Schiffen.- Berühmte und bekannte Fahrgastschiffe.- Praktischer Schiffbau.- Schiffsvermessung.- Blaues Band.- Segelschiffe und Segelboote.- Flugzeugbau.- Flugzeugtypen.- Tragflügelgeometrie.- Triebwerksanordnung.- Verkehrsflugzeuge mit Turboluftstrahltriebwerken.- Einmotorige Sport- und Reiseflugzeuge.- Raketen- und Raumfahrttechnik.- Raketen.- Raketentriebwerke.- Raketenaufbau.- Raketentreibstoffe.- Anwendungen.- Raumfahrt.- Raumflug.- Raumflugbahnen.- Raumflugkörper.- Raumflugtriebwerke.- Bemannte Raumflüge.- Interplanetare Sonden, Sonnen- und Planetensonden.- Technische Erfindungen.- Deutschland.- Fläche und Bevölkerung.- Bevölkerungsentwicklung.- Altersaufbau der Wohnbevölkerung.- Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, ihre Länder und Regierungsbezirke.- Entwicklung der Bevölkerung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.- Städte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland mit mehr als 100000 Einwohnern.- Die Deutsche Demokratische Republik und ihre Bezirke.- Städte der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik mit mehr als 50000 Einwohnern.- Staatsaufbau der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.- Staatsform und Gesellschaftsordnung.- Parteien und Interessenverbände.- Das Regierungssystem.- Gesetzgebung.- Rechte und pflichten im Lebenslauf des Deutschen.- Staatsaufbau der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik.- Staatsform und Gesellschaftsordnung.- Parteien und Massen-Organisationen.- Das Regierungssystem.- Judikative.- Gesetzgebungsverfahren.- Politik.- Parteien und Regierungen.- Bundesrepublik Deutschland.- Parteien.- Regierungen.- Bundespräsidenten.- Kabinette.- Deutsche Demokratische Republik.- Parteien.- Regierungen.- Republik Österreich.- Parteien.- Regierungen.- Bundespräsidenten.- Kabinette.- Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft.- Parteien.- Regierungen.- Bundespräsidenten.- Mitglieder des schweizerischen Bundesrates.- Internationale Organisationen.- Vereinte Nationen.- Haupt- und Nebenorgane.- Spezialorgane.- Sonderorganisationen.- Mitgliedstaaten der Vereinten Nationen.- Multinationale politische, wirtschaftliche und militärische Organisationen.- Staaten der Erde.- Entkolonisation.- Verkehr.- Tourismus.- Personen- und Güterverkehr in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.- Fremdenverkehrsbüros in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.- Sicherheits- und Temporegelungen in Europa.- Grenzbestimmungen.- Deutsche Reisestraßen.- Alpen- und Gebirgspässe.- Beherbergungskapazitäten.- Straßenverkehr.- Straßen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.- Bestand an Kraftfahrzeugen.- Verkehrsunfälle.- Europastraßen.- Bundesautobahnen.- Nationalitätszeichen.- Eisenbahn.- Deutsche Bundesbahn.- Entfernungstabelle Straße.- Bahn.- Intercity-Netz.- Streckennetze.- Zahnradbahnen.- Spurweiten.- Luftverkehr.- Bestand an Zivilflugzeugen.- Verkehr auf Flugplätzen.- Flugentfernungen.- Schiffahrt.- Länge der Wasserstraßen.- Entwicklung der Tankschiffsgrößen.- Bestand der Handelsflotten der Erde.- Bestand an Binnenschiffen.- Güterverkehr auf Binnenwasserstraßen.- Güterverkehr über See.- Schiffahrtskanäle.- Wirtschaft.- Deutsche Wirtschaft.- Erwerbstätige.- Ausbildungsstellenmarkt.- Streiks und Aussperrungen.- Einkommen und Lebenshaltung.- Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Fischerei.- Industrie und Handwerk.- Bauwirtschaft.- Handel und Gastgewerbe.- Geld und Kredit.- Sozialleistungen.- Außenhandel.- Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung.- Zahlungsbilanz.- Finanzen und Steuern der öffentlichen Hand.- Weltwirtschaft.- Erwerbstätigkeit.- Streiks und Aussperrungen.- Einkommen und Lebenshaltung.- Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Fischerei.- Industrie.- Außenhandel.- Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung.- Währungen der Welt.- Sport und Spiele.- Organisation des Sports.- Deutscher Sportbund (DSB).- Internationale Sportfachverbände.- Geräte- und Wettkampfbestimmungen.- Leichtathletik.- Gewichtsklassen in verschiedenen Sportarten.- Ballspiele.- Olympische Spiele.- Sommerspiele.- Winterspiele.- Das Programm der Olympischen Spiele.- Deutsche Olympiasieger 1896 –1980.- Höchstleistungen und Meisterschaften Fußball.- Leichtathletik.- Schwimmen.- Hallen- handball.- Boxen.- Eissport.- Tennis.- Radsport.- Reitsport.- Automobilsport.- Schach.- Weitere Rekorde und Extreme.- Sportleistungsabzeichen.- Sportabzeichen.- Weitere Leistungsabzeichen.- Volkswettbewerbe.- Bekannte Gesellschafts- und Unterhaltungsspiele.- Brettspiele.- Würfelspiele.- Kartenspiele.- Verschiedene Spiele.- Gesundheit.- Erkrankungen.- Erkrankungen an einigen meldepflichtigen übertragbaren Krankheiten.- Sterblichkeit in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland nach ausgewählten Todesursachen.- Wichtige Infektionskrankheiten.- Vergiftungen.- Sofortmaßnahmen bei Vergiftungen.- Informations- und Behandlungszentren für Vergiftungen.- Heilung und Vorsorge.- Impfkalender.- Bekannte Heilbäder in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.- Häufigkeit des Krebsbefalls.- Anzeichen der Krebserkrankung.- Erste Hilfe.- Verletzungen.- Register.

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Table of ContentsThe Structure and Electronic Configuration of Crystalline Surfaces.- Present and Proposed Uses of Low-Energy Electron Diffraction in Studying Surfaces.- The Effects of Oxide and Organic Films on Sliding Friction.- The Deformational and Geometrical Aspect of Surfaces in Sliding Contact.- Effect of Surface Energy on Lubrication.- Problems of Producing a Clean Surface by Outgassing in Ultrahigh Vacuum.- Physical Adsorption by Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Solid Surfaces.- The Relation of the Attractive Forces at Interfaces to Wetting, Spreading, Adsorption, and Long-Range Attractive Forces.- Solid-to-Solid Adhesion.- Spreading, Penetration, and Capillary Flow in Metallic Systems.- Bibliography on Surface Phenomena (Selected References, 1963–1965).

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Book SynopsisDr John Lutterbie is a professor at Stony Brook University, New York, USA, where he teaches performance theory in the Department of Theatre Arts. He is co-founder of the Center for Embodied Cognition, a consortium of scholars in the arts, humanities and neurosciences that does experimental as well as humanist research. He is co-editor (with Nicola Shaughnessy) of Bloomsbury Methuen Drama's Performance and Science series, and author of Toward and General Theory of Acting: Cognitive Science and Performance (2011). Trade ReviewPractical exercises throughout the book … highlight intersections between the body and its environment and present an array of sensory investigations and means to develop a fuller consciousness of inner and outer spaces. * Drama Research *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Introduction: Intersections Chapter 1: Landscapes Chapter 2: Culture and the Petri Dish Chapter 3: The Worlds of Performance Chapter 4: Temporality Chapter 5: The Text Chapter 6: Aesthetics Epilogue Notes References Further Reading Index

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Table of ContentsApparatus and Method of Investigating Multiple Production at Energies of Hundreds of GeV.- Method of Treatment of Experimental Data Obtained with Cloud Chamber.- Experimental Data on Inelastic Strong Interaction at Energies of 100–3000 GeV and Their Interpretation.- Extensive Air Showers and Interaction of Particles with Energies above 1013 eV.- Apparatus for Investigation of Extensive Air Showers and Nuclear Interactions of Cosmic-Ray Particles with Energy 1012–1016 eV.- Quasi-nucleonic Nuclear Interactions of 23-GeV Protons in a Nuclear Emulsion Irradiated in a Pulsed Magnetic Field of 180 kOe.- Measurement of Energy of Electron — Photon Cascades by Photometry of Spots on X-Ray Films.- Transition Effects in the Ionization Calorimeter.- Investigation of the Nuclear Component of Cosmic Rays in a Period of Minimum Solar Activity.

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Book SynopsisAn Application Science For Multi-Agent Systems addresses the complexity of choosing which multi-agent control technologies are appropriate for a given problem domain or a given application.Table of ContentsAn Application Science for Multi-Agent Systems; T. Wagner. Coordination Challenges for Autonomous Spacecraft; B.J. Clement, A.C. Barrett. A Framework for Evaluation of Multi-Agent System Approaches to Logistics Network Management; P. Davidsson, F. Wernstedt. Centralized Versus Decentralized Coordination: Two Application Case Studies; T. Wagner, J. Phelps, V. Guralnik. A Complex Systems Perspective on Collaborative Design; M. Klein, H. Sayama, P. Faratin, Y. Bar-Yam. Multi-Agent System Interaction Protocols in a Dynamically Changing Environment; M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Nowostawski, M. Purvis. Challenges to Scaling-Up Agent Coordination Strategies; E.H. Durfee. Roles in MAS: Managing the Complexity of Tasks and Environments; I. Partsakoulakis, G. Vouros. An Evolutionary Framework for Large-Scale Experimentation in Multi-Agent Systems; A. Babanov, W. Ketter, M. Gini. Application Characteristics Motivating Adaptive Organizational Capabilities within Multi-Agent Systems; K.S. Barber, M.T. MacMahon. Applying Coordination Mechanisms for Dependency Relationships under Various Environments; Wei Chen, K. Decker. Performance Models for Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems: A Distributed POMDP-Based Approach; Hyuckchul Jung, M. Tambe. Index.

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