Economics of specific sectors Books

Book SynopsisThis book provides a multidimensional analysis of Iran's struggle for development between 1970 and 2020. The past several decades in Iran have been a period of sluggish and noninclusive economic growth, ill-fated social engineering with an Islamic template, political repression, and extensive environmental degradation. The intellectual discourse surrounding the impediments of growth in Iran has been dominated by an exaggerated notion of the role of ideology, class struggles, imperialism, and histori-cal contingencies, overlooking the profound impacts of institutions and fundamental socioeconomic trends. This book aims to fill this gap using positive economics and data-driven analysis to cover a wide array of topics, such as governance, corruption, energy, and food security. It will be essential for researchers, policy makers, and journalists.Trade Review"The history of economic development in Iran, particularly in recent years, has been an enigma often wrapped in ideological fantasies of regime apologists or its determined foes. The Struggle for Development in Iran is a detailed multidisciplinary analysis of the many facets of this troubled history from the prism of data and reality, not illusion and ideological pieties. It is a must read for any student, scholar and policy maker interested in Iran's hitherto Sisyphean quest for economic development and political democracy."—Abbas Milani, Hamid and Christina Moghadam Director of Iranian Studies at Stanford University, Research Fellow at the Hoover Institution"The Struggle for Development in Iran provides a devastating account of the economic crisis the country faces today, as a result of the poor governance and weak institutions that have taken root since the 1979 Revolution. The wealth of empirical data contained in this volume is coupled with a dispassionate and informed analysis of the causes of present-day outcomes that will become a reference work for anyone interested in the future of Iran."—Francis Fukuyama, author of Political Order and Political Decay"A unique and superb contribution to the study of modern Iran that is rigorously researched, objectively written, and highly insightful. An invaluable resource for policymakers, scholars, and students of Iran."—Karim Sadjadpour, Carnegie Endowment for International PeaceTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Governance 3. Demographic Trends 4. Labor Force and Human Capital 5. Economy 6. Financial Sector 7. Energy Sector 8. Agriculture Sector 9. Migration and Brain Drain 10. Research and Development Policy 11. Conclusion: The Path Forward

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Book SynopsisA 2012 ECONOMIST BOOK OF THE YEAR Many of the United States' most innovative entrepreneurs have been immigrants, from Andrew Carnegie, Alexander Graham Bell, and Charles Pfizer to Sergey Brin, Vinod Khosla, and Elon Musk. Nearly half of Fortune 500 companies and one-quarter of all new small businesses were founded by immigrants, generating trillions of dollars annually, employing millions of workers, and helping establish the United States as the most entrepreneurial, technologically advanced society on earth. Now, Vivek Wadhwa, an immigrant tech entrepreneur turned academic with appointments at Duke, Stanford, Emory, and Singularity Universities, draws on his new Kauffman Foundation research to show that the United States is in the midst of an unprecedented halt in high-growth, immigrant-founded start-ups. He argues that increased competition from countries like China and India and US immigration policies are leaving some of the most educated and talented entrepreneurial immigrants with no choice but to take their innovation elsewhere. The consequences to our economy are dire; our multi-trillion dollar loss will be the gain of our global competitors. With his signature fearlessness and clarity, Wadhwa offers a concise framework for understanding the Immigrant Exodus and offers a recipe for reversal and rapid recovery.Trade Review"Vivek Wadhwa's new book, The Immigrant Exodus, is admirably short, yet he packs it with righteous fury. America, he points out, has one of the greatest assets a nation can have: people yearn to live there." --The Economist "A thoughtful contribution to the dialogue surrounding immigration." --Kirkus Reviews "Immigrants have long been the backbone of America--our nation itself was a start-up founded by immigrants. The Immigrant Exodus demonstrates the danger this country faces if it continues to turn away such a precious resource." --World Policy Review "A must-read for anyone who wants to understand why America is losing the talent race." --Elon Musk, CEO of SpaceX and co-founder of Tesla Motors and PayPal "As the son of immigrants and a champion of American Innovation, I can think of no more important book for our politicians and CEOs to read. Get it, read it and fix this problem now." --Peter H. Diamandis, MD, Chairman/CEO, X PRIZE Foundation and author of Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think "Talk about hitting our economy when it's down! And we're doing it to ourselves, as Vivek Wadhwa's shocking new book illustrates...Vivek's timely book should wake Washington up to this destructive folly." --Steve Forbes, Chairman and Editor-in-Chief of Forbes Media "Over the past couple of years, Wadhwa has been at the forefront sounding the alarm about America's flawed immigration system. In The Immigrant Exodus, he writes persuasively about the problem and what we need to do to solve it. A must-read." --Reid Hoffman, co-founder and executive chairman, LinkedIn and partner at Greylock "With his masterful blend of hard-hitting analyses and empathy for the real people who strive to succeed, Wadhwa lays out a strategy for keeping America the birthplace of great innovation. The Immigrant Exodus is a must-read." --Freada Kapor Klein, Ph.D. founder, Level Playing Field Institute "Vivek hits the nail on the head: The key to unlocking American prosperity is making it easier for immigrant entrepreneurs to start businesses here and ultimately stay here. Voices like Vivek's are critical to making that reform possible." --Marc Andreessen, co-founder and partner, Andreessen Horowitz "I highly recommend The Immigrant Exodus for everyone who is concerned about America's competitiveness in the twenty-first century." --Vinod Dham, Executive Managing Director, IndoUS Venture Partners "The Immigrant Exodus points out clearly that America is in a stiff competition for valued immigrants, the entrepreneurs and the capital of the world, and we can do something about it." --Timothy Draper, Managing Director, Draper Fisher Jurvetson "The Immigrant Exodus is a cautionary tale of a great success going wrong and what we can do to reverse this trend before it is too late." --Mitch Kapor, founder Lotus Development Corp. "In The Immigrant Exodus, Wadhwa argues that America remains the beacon of hope for talented individuals from around the world. Let's not allow this flame to be extinguished." --Jeff Skoll, founder and chairman, Participant Media "A wakeup call. Vivek Wadhwa proposes enlightened and constructive ways to keep the American Dream alive for the best and brightest global talent." --Klaus Kleinfeld, Chairman and CEO, Alcoa "As a nation, we're fortunate to have Vivek Wadhwa and others advocating on behalf of America's future prosperity." --Muhtar Kent, Chairman and CEO, The Coca-Cola Company

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Book SynopsisThis book analyzes how financial liberalization affected the development of the financial crisis in Europe, with particular attention given to the ways in which power asymmetries within Western Europe facilitated financial liberalization and distributed the costs and gains from it. The author combines institutional narrative analysis with empirical surveys and econometrics, as well as country-level studies of financial liberalization and its consequences before and after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis.Author Nina Eichacker charts institutional liberalization and privatization of European finance from the 1960s onward and presents a survey of descriptive statistics that show how different financial stability, financial flow and macroeconomic variables have changed in Western Europe since the early 1980s, generally increasing financial and economic instability. It also demonstrates the change in securitization, and European banks' tendencies to hold securitized assets on their balance sheets. It creates a framework for understanding the power dynamics between national, industrial, and class interests in Western Europe that promoted secular financial liberalization as well as the institutional design of the EMU that mandated financial liberalization. Finally, it examines the process of financial liberalization in detail in three states, Iceland, Ireland, and Germany. Students and researchers interested in financial liberalization and financial crises as well as policymakers will find the analyses in this book invaluable.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. European Financial Liberalization Since WWII 3. Empirical Trends in European Finance 4. Financial Liberalization and the Onset of Financial Crisis in Western Europe Between 1983 and 2011 5. A Political Economy of European Financial Integration 6. German Financialization, the Global Financial Crisis, and the Eurozone Crisis 7. Icelandic and Irish Financial Liberalization, Crisis, and Aftermath 8. Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisJapan?s dramatic transformation from economic success to economic stagnation offers important policy lessons to advanced countries everywhere that are struggling with stagnation. The term '?Japanization'? is often used by economists to describe long-term stagnation and deflation. Symptoms include high unemployment, weak economic activity, interest rates near zero, quantitative easing and population aging. In the global context, what can governments do to mitigate the downward trends experienced by Japan? This judicious volume investigates in depth the causes of Japan?s ?lost decades? versus the real recovery achieved by the United States, and the lessons that can be learned.This book helps to provide a basis for assessing a wide range of policy approaches from which policymakers and governments can choose to avoid economic decline. The expert contributions provide an overview of the pattern of '?Japanization'? in a global economic perspective, analyze similarities and differences between the Korean and Japanese economies, and examine policies taken by Japan during the lost decades. From this analysis, the book proposes future policy solutions for countries experiencing ?'Japanization'?.Economic stagnation and the relevant policy reactions have been of keen interest around the globe since the global financial crisis and this book will be an invaluable resource for scholars, policymakers, and economic commentators alike.Contributors include: D. Cho, M. Fukao, K. Ito, T. Ito, D. Jeong, K.-C. Jung, S.T. Kim, Y.G. Kim, K. Kwon, A. Mason, J. Oh, I. Saito, J. Schiff, I. SongTrade Review‘. . . this book is a valuable summary of where the discussion on Japanese deflation is, and why research on this topic needs to be taken further. The prospect of ‘Japanization’ in the rest of the world, raised by Takatoshi Ito, is one that cannot be left to regional experts.’ -- Economic IssuesTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction and overview Dongchul Cho, Takatoshi Ito and Andrew Mason PART I AGING, INDUSTRY MATURATION AND JAPANIZATION 2. Japanization: Is it spreading to the rest of the world? Takatoshi Ito 3. GDP growth from the perspective of demographic change: Will aging Korea become another Japan? Kyooho Kwon 4. Export dynamics of Japan, Korea and China Kyu-Chul Jung PART II RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS AND TFP 5. Product market efficiencies and TFP: A comparative study of Japanese and Korean firms Keiko Ito and YoungGak Kim 6. Misallocation in the manufacturing sector of Korea: A micro data analysis Jiyoon Oh PART III ROLES OF FINANCIAL MARKETS 7. Financial market efficiency: A comparative perspective Mitsuhiro Fukao 8. How to deal with the rise of zombie firms in Korea Daehee Jeong PART IV MONETARY POLICY AND HOUSE PRICES 9. Deflation and monetary policy Barry Eichengreen 10. Is Korea’s monetary policy following in the footsteps of Japan? Dongchul Cho 11. Aging and housing prices: The cases of Korea and Japan Inho Song PART V JAPANIZATION AND FISCAL POLICY 12. Avoiding another “lost decade”: What role for fiscal policy? Jerry Schiff and Ikuo Saito 13. Lessons for Korea from Japan’s fiscal policy SeongTae Kim Index

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Book SynopsisFinancialisation and the Financial and Economic Crises provides comparative, empirical case studies of a diverse set of eleven countries. In particular, the book helps in understanding the current (mal)performance of Euro area economies by explaining the causes of the shifts in growth regimes during and after the crises. It goes well beyond the dominant interpretation of the recent financial and economic crises as being rooted in malfunctioning and poorly regulated financial markets.The contributions to this book provide detailed accounts of the long-term effects of financialisation and cover the main developments leading up to and during the crisis in eleven selected countries: the US, the UK, Spain, Greece, Portugal, Germany, Sweden, Italy, France, Estonia, and Turkey. The introductory chapter presents the theoretical framework and synthesizes the main findings of the country studies. Furthermore, the macroeconomic effects of financialisation on the EU as a whole are analyzed in the final chapter. Offering an illuminating overview and invaluable alternative perspective on the long-run developments leading to the recent crises, this book is essential reading for researchers, students and policymakers and an ideal starting point for further research.Contributors: S. Bahçe, R. Barradas, C.A. Carrasco, H. Cömert, G. Cornilleau, J. Creel, D. Detzer, N. Dodig, N. Erdem, T. Evans, J. Ferreiro, G. Gabbi, C. Gálvez, C. Gomez, A. González, E. Hein, E. Juuse, E. Karaçimen, A.H. Köse, S. Lagoa, E. Leão, J. Lepper, Ö. Orhangazi, G. Özgür, R. Paes Mamede, M. Shabani, A. Stenfors, E. Ticci, J. Toporowski, L. Tserkezis, J. Tyson, Y. Varoufakis, P. Vozzella, G.L. YalmanTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Financialisation and the Financial and Economic Crises: Theoretical Framework and Empirical Analysis for 15 Countries Nina Dodig, Eckhard Hein and Daniel Detzer 2. The Crisis of Finance-led Capitalism in the United States Trevor Evans 3. Monetary Adjustment and Inflation of Financial Claims in the UK after 1980 John Lepper, Mimoza Shabani, Jan Toporowski and Judith Tyson 4. Financialisaton and the Economic Crisis in Spain Jesús Ferreiro, Cataliana Gálvez and Anna Gonzáles 5. Financialisation and the Crisis: The Case of Greece Yanis Varoufakis and Lefteris Tserkezis 6. The Real Sector Developments in Estonia – Financialisation Effects Behind the Transition Process Egert Juuse 7. Financialisation and the Crisis in the Export-led Mercantilist German Economy Daniel Detzer and Eckhard Hein 8. Swedish Financialisation: ‘Nordic Noir’ or ‘Safe Haven’? Alexis Stenfors 9. France, a Domestic Demand-led Economy Under the Influence of External Shocks Gérard Cornilleau and Jérôme Creel 10. The Transmission Channels Between the Financial and the Real Sectors in Italy and the Crisis Giampaolo Gabbi, Elisa Ticci and Pietro Vozzella 11. The Long Boom and the Early Bust: The Portuguese Economy in the Era of Financialisation Ricardo Paes Mamede, Sérgio Lagoa, Emanuel Leão and Ricardo Barradas 12. Financialisation and the Financial and Economic Crises: The Case of Turkey Serdal Bahçe, Hasan Cömert, Nilgün Erdem, Elif Karaçimen, Ahmet Haşim Köse, Özgür Orhangazi, Gökçer Özgür and Galip L.Yalman 13. The Impact of the Financial and Economic Crisis on European Union Member States Carlos A. Carrasco, Jesus Ferreiro, Catalina Galvez, Carmen Gomez and Ana González Index

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Book SynopsisThis volume of the International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics explores the latest economic and financial developments in Asia. Chapters cover a range of topics such as the consequences of green supply chain integration and environmental uncertainty on performance, along with the effects of perceived organisational support, transformational leadership, and teamwork on employee engagement. These peer-reviewed papers touch on a variety of timely, interdisciplinary subjects such as corporate social responsibility and the effects of public policy. Environmental, Social, and Governance Perspectives on Economic Development in Asia also includes empirical studies in financial economics and public governance. For example, one chapter analyses the impact of COVID-19 pandemic risk and lockdown on the Indian economy, while another empirically studies the influence of word of mouth variables on visits and re-visits for ecotourism in West Java. Together, ISETE 29 volume B, is a crucial resource of current, cutting-edge research for any scholar of international finance and economics.Table of ContentsChapter 1. The Economic Performance of China in Trade War: The Case Study of Three Global Economic Crisis in 1997 – 2020; Budi Sasongko, Suryaning Bawono, and Bambang Hadi Prabowo Chapter 2. Identifying Neighborhood Reinforcement Method to Enhancing Socio-Economic Development in Indonesia: A Quintuple Helix Perspective; Vidya Purnamasari, Ermita Yusida, Vika Annisa Qurrata, Santi Merlinda, Linda Seprillina, and Wen-Chi Huang Chapter 3. Materiality Analysis and CSR in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises; Erwin Saraswati Chapter 4. Green Supply Chain Integration and Environmental Uncertainty to Performance: The Mediating Role of Green Innovation; Siti Aisjah and Sri Palupi Prabandari Chapter 5. Entrepreneurial Perspective on Firm’s Environmental Activities; Duangporn Puttawong and Anusorn Kunanusorn Chapter 6. Facing International Environmental Challenges by Enhancing Employee Engagement; Reny Diana and B. Medina Nilasari Chapter 7. Innovation Orientation, Marketing Capability, Dynamic Capability, and Performance; Bahrun Borahima, Noermijati Noermijati, Djumilah Hadiwidjojo, and Ainur Rofiq Chapter 8. The Interactive Effect of Ethical Leadership and Employee Citizenship Behaviour on Organisational Success: Do Lenses of Corporate Governance Matter?; Amy Yeo Chu May, Carmen Teoh Chia Wen, and Jeffton Low Boon Tiong Chapter 9. Entrepreneurship in The Tourism Industry: Implication on Sustainable Economic Development; Murniati, Ghozali Maski, Iswan Noor, and Marlina Ekawaty Chapter 10. Investigation of Taxation Knowledge, Services, and Sanctions of The Head of Village Government Financial Affairs of Gunung Kidul Regency in Indonesia; Sang Ayu Putu Piastini Gunaasih Chapter 11. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Risk and Lockdown on the Indian Economy; Soumya Bhadury Chapter 12. The Impacts of Electronic Word of Mouth on the Intention of Patients to Join “In Vitro Fertilization” Program; Muhammad Rizal, Endang Ruswanti, and Moehammad Unggul Januarko Chapter 13. Model of Increasing Tourists Revisit Intention: Utilising the Environment as an Ecotourism Area; Dani Dagustani, Gatot Iwan Kurniawan, Heppy Agustiana Vidyastuti, and Rediawan Miharja

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Book SynopsisThe 800 pound gorilla in the room of macroeconomics is the question of why the overlapping generations model didn’t become the central workhorse model for macroeconomics. Introduced in 1958 by Paul Samuelson, the model postulates an infinite number of finite-lived families. This is in stark contrast to the more dominant neoclassical growth model, which is based on the assumption that real economies are populated by a finite number of dynastic families. Despite the greater realism of the former model and the inherent implausibility of the assumptions underlying the growth model, the growth model has become dominant. The authors here explore the co-evolution of the two models to shed light on why this happened, spanning the entire post-WWII era.Trade ReviewThis book is a real tour de force in clarity and tremendous scope. It should be on the reading list for all advanced economics graduate students. -- Jess Benhabib, Paulette Goddard Professor of Political Economy in the Faculty of Arts and Science at New York UniversityThis book is a monumental work, an important contribution to economics -- Karl Shell, Robert Julius Thorne Professor of Economics Emeritus, Cornell University. Founding Editor, Journal of Economic TheoryTable of ContentsIntroduction. Introduction Chapter 1. Origins of the Workhorse Models Chapter 2. OLG – The Next Generations, 1960-1970 Chapter 3. Expectations and the Neutrality of Money c. 1972: From OLG to SOLG Chapter 4. Infinite Lived Agents: Dynasty, 1970-1980 Chapter 5. OLG and Money, 1970-1980 Chapter 6. OLG and Theory, 1970-1980 Chapter 7. Boomers Chapter 8. Gen X and Beyond: 1995-2015 Chapter 9. The Ascendance of ILA and the Future of Macro Chapter 10. Morphology of OLG Models and Methods in Comparative Perspective Chapter 11. Summary and Conclusion

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Book SynopsisSustainable capitalism knowledge is often assumed for exclusively association with information about some forms of environmental crises. When we speak of sustainable, and unsustainable, we speak of a systemic crisis of both long-term dimension in the economy and business models, on all levels. We talk of local to the global crisis, with detrimental effects on humans and the environment, as well as economic organizations, of various kinds, often forfeiting any economic, social, and environmental future. The long-term crisis is a crisis of long-term investment, but it is also a crisis of human and ecological capital. The authors propose a new conceptual business model, polycentric at many levels. This research is an attempt to contribute to the global alliance for such sustainable capitalism in the making. In part, this is an ambitious undertaking, as the authors analyzed vital United Nations (UN) documents on sustainable development, as part of what they advocate as sustainable capitalism, as a systemic response to existing shortcomings of the present model. This text attempts to educate global stakeholders about the importance, the rationale, and the pathway to introduce sustainable capitalism into global economics and business models.

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Book SynopsisIt is time to leave capitalism behind. In Prosperity without Greed, Sahra Wagenknecht shows that we live in a system of economic feudalism that has nothing to do with a free market economy, where the innovations we require to solve myriad important societal problems are not forthcoming. How can it be, Wagenknecht asks, that technological developments financed by the taxpayer end up enriching private companies even if those companies’ activities violate public interests? Through clear analysis and concrete proposals, Wagenknecht suggestss new forms of ownership and sketches the outlines of an innovative and just economy that instead promotes and rewards talent, real performance, and start-ups with groundbreaking ideas.

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Book SynopsisPrivatbanken sind wenig bekannte und auch erforschte Firmen in der Geschichte des Bankenwesens. Mit diesem Band liegt erstmals eine umfassende Gesamtgeschichte der österreichischen Privatbanken vor, die von der Gründung der ersten Institute in der Frühen Neuzeit bis zur Rolle der Privatbanken im liberalisierten Kapitalmarkt der Gegenwart reicht. Dabei konnten neue, bisher von der Forschung kaum beachtete Quellenbestände in die Darstellung einbezogen werden. Somit dient der Band als unentbehrliche Grundlage und als Referenzwerk zum Feld des österreichischen Privatbankwesens.Trade Review“… Das Buch schließt jedenfalls die letzte Lücke in der historischen Aufarbeitung der Bankwirtschaft und gestattet viele neue Erkenntnisse über jenen Sektor, der in der öffentlichen Berichterstattung meist viel zu wenig beachtet wird ... ” (Alfred Paleczny, in: Wiener Geschichtsblätter, Jg. 73, Heft 1, 2018)Table of ContentsVorwort.- Beginn des modernen Bankwesens in Österreich.- Österreichische Privatbanken und Privatbankiers im langen 19. Jahrhundert. 1780 – 1918.- Österreichische Privatbanken von 1919 bis 1945.- Die österreichischen Privatbanken nach 1945.- Anhang: 1. Zusammenfassung der Geschichte der wichtigsten Privatbanken. 2. Kaufkraft historischer österreichischer Währungen in Euro.

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Book SynopsisBisherige Bemühungen, dem Arbeitskräftemangel in den Sektoren mit Berührungspunkten zu Mathematik, Informatik, Naturwissenschaften und Technik (MINT) entgegenzuwirken, erweisen sich als wenig erfolgreich. Ein geschlechtersensibles Unterrichtskonzept, welches verspricht diesem Mangel Abhilfe zu schaffen, ist Analysegegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit. Für die Erhebung zur Wirksamkeit von MINT-Berufsorientierungsmaßnahmen wird ein umfassendes Erhebungsinstrument eingesetzt. Der Autor legt dar, welche Maßnahmen zur Weiterentwicklung des evaluierten Unterrichtskonzepts notwendig sind. Ferner werden wichtige Implikationen für die Evaluation von Maßnahmen zur MINT-Berufsorientierung im Allgemeinen abgeleitet.Table of ContentsEinführung und Problemstellung.- MINT-Berufe - Dimensionen, Fakten, Perspektiven.- Berufswahl und Berufswahltheorien.- Prädiktoren für das Berufswahlverhalten.- Geschlechtergerechte MINT-Berufsorientierung.- Empirische Untersuchung.- Diskussion.- Zusammenfassung und Implikationen.- Literaturverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisDie Ende der 1960er Jahre an zahlreichen Universitäten etablierte Ausbildung von Lehrkräften für die 12–14 beruflichen Fachrichtungen für berufsbildende (Fach-)Schulen ist – trotz vieler Reformversuche – gescheitert. Bis heute bestimmen in nahezu allen Fachrichtungen überwiegend Quer- und Seiteneinsteiger (Fachkräfte aus irgendwie verwandten Studiengängen) die berufsschulische Unterrichtspraxis. Mit der Analyse dieser Krise ist es auch gelungen einen Ausweg zu begründen: ein Netzwerk universitärer Studiengänge für eine professionelle und attraktive Ausbildung von Lehrkräften beruflicher Fachrichtungen.Table of ContentsVorwort 1Einleitung 31 Theorie und Praxis der beruflichen Kompetenzdiagnostik – die Grundlage der Kompetenz beruflicher Lehrkräfte 121.1 Die Methode der Kompetenzdiagnostik COMET 121.2 Das COMET-Kompetenzmodell 202 Lehrer transferieren ihre Kompetenzprofile und Wissensniveaus auf ihre Schüler/Studierenden 302.1 Die Aufklärung eines für die berufliche Bildung charakteris-tischen Phänomens: die Stagnation der Kompetenzentwicklung 302.2 Die Stagnation der Kompetenzentwicklung kann überwundenwerden 352.3 Die didaktische Qualität der COMET-Methode: die Lehrkräfte alsder entscheidende Faktor für die Kompetenzentwicklung – das Transferphänomen 422.4 Das Wissensniveau als Determinante beruflicher Kompetenzentwicklung 462.5 Die Heterogenität der Kompetenzausprägungen in und zwischen den Lerngruppen (zum Beispiel von Klassen und Regionen) 512.6 Berufliche und betriebliche Identität als Determinante der Kompetenzentwicklung 602.7 Fazit 683 Konsequenzen für die Aus- und Weiterbildung der Lehrkräfte beruflicher Fachrichtungen 733.1 Berufsbildungsforschung in den beruflichen Fachrichtungen 733.2 Messen beruflicher Kompetenz von Lehrkräften beruflicher Fachrichtungen (LbF) 873.3 Psychometrische Evaluation des Kompetenz- und Messmodells für LbF 1063.4 Professionalisierung des Hochschulstudiums für Berufsschullehrkräfte und Berufspädagogen 1103.5 Das Professionalisierungsproblem der LbF lässt sich lösen 1203.6 Berufliches Lernen in Lernfeldern – ein Leitfaden für die Gestaltung und Organisation projektförmigen Lernens inberufsbildenden Schulen (Jürgen LEHBERGER und Felix RAUNER) 1283.7 Struktur der Qualifizierung der Lehrkräfte beruflicher Fachrichtung 1543.7.1 Voraussetzungen für die Ausbildung von LbF 1543.7.2 Der grundlegende 1. Schritt des Masterstudiums: ein Ratertraining 1563.7.3 Entwicklung von Test- und Prüfungsaufgaben 1563.7.4 Durchführung und Auswertung von Tests und COMET-basierten Prüfungen 1573.7.5 Messen und Auswerten von Lehrerkompetenz 1583.7.6 Gestalten und Evaluieren beruflicher Lernprozesse – in Kooperation mit der Berufsbildungspraxis 1593.7.7 Qualifikationsforschung und Curriculum – Analysieren und Gestalten beruflicher Arbeit und Bildung 1593.7.8 Masterarbeit 1603.8 Ausbildungskonzept – Praxisbeispiel aus der universitären Ausbildung von Lehrkräften 160Literaturverzeichnis 196Anhang 211

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Book SynopsisDie Kraft einer Wirtschaftskrise kann auf Generationen hinaus dem Wohlstand einer Gesellschaft schaden und ihre politische und soziale Ordnung verändern. Das Finanzverhalten der Menschen kann nicht nur individuelle Verluste verursachen sondern auch ganze Märkte ins Ungleichgewicht manövrieren. Die Standardökonomik erklärt das Finanzverhalten mit dem Prinzip der Nutzenmaximierung, die Verhaltensökonomik mit psychosozialen Einflüssen. Empirische Modelle, welche beide Aspekte vereinen, um das Maß der individuellen Rationalität der Individuen abzuschätzen, wurden selten untersucht. Marius Oleksy nutzt die Standard- und Verhaltensökonomik, um sich der Beantwortung der Frage zu widmen: Welche kritischen Anlässe führen zu individuellem Fehlverhalten von Aktienanlegerinnen und -anlegern und welchen Einfluss übt die finanzielle Allgemeinbildung aus? Er zeigt, dass eine Kombination aus Mangel an Finanzkompetenz, Bounded Rationality und einem geringen Maß der individuellen Rationalität das individuelle Fehlerhaften begünstigt.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Das Finanzkrisen-Problem: Relevanz und Erklarungsversuche.- Theorie der ökonomischen Entscheidungen.- Inhalte der Bildung und Aufklärung.- Untersuchung der Ereignisse mit individuellen Eekten.- Ma der individuellen Rationalität.- Resumee der statistischen Ergebnisse.- Maßnahmen zur Forderung von Financial Literacy.- Schlussbetrachtung und Ausblick.- Literaturverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisThis book analyzes the changes brought on to economic and business activities in Latin America due to the new scenarios, environments and social dynamics the world is facing as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, at both micro- and macroeconomic levels. Recent changes to working environments has brought discussions on work-life balance to the forefront, and creating support mechanisms to attract and retain the next generation of workers has become a primary focus for talent managers. At an industry level, there are expectations that once the crisis passes, there will be massive capital inflows toward ESG investments in emerging markets driving the transformation of companies. Consequently, ESG business models will have a cascading effect in the whole supply chain (upstream, midstream and downstream) and will generate greater value for all stakeholders. At the same time, technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, such as Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence, have gradually been adopted by companies leading the charge in ESG business models. The financial sector has taken the lead in these two technologies, but the challenge generated by the COVID-19 pandemic forced other sectors to innovate rapidly in order to remain afloat. Using empirical and theoretical frameworks, the contributors in this book identify the most attractive alternatives to benefit consumers in an adverse environment like the one the world is facing as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which while posing a significant challenge for most industries, has also created new opportunities for innovation and ingenuity, analyzing case studies from the coffee and medical tourism sectors in particular.Table of ContentsForeword.- Chapter 1. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on economic activity of Mexico in 2020.- Chapter 2. Survival Likelihood of Micro and Small Businesses Facing a Catastrophe.- Chapter 3. How Covid-19 has accelerated the garment and financial investment industries’ adoption of Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG) standards.- Chapter 4. Contagion adverse degree, income inequality and economic growth.- Chapter 5. Forecasting the Effects of the COVID-19 Crisis on Economic Growth and the Microfinance Sector in Latin America: An Approach with Fuzzy Neural Networks.- Chapter 6. Balancing Work, Family, and Personal Life in the Mexican Context: The Future of Work for the “COVID-19 Generation.- Chapter 7. Medical tourism in Mexico. Analysis of the economic and technological model in the COVID-19 pandemic era.- Chapter 8. Small Coffee Companies and the Impact of Geographical Indications as Productive Innovation in Mexico in the new reality.- Chapter 9. Corporate Social Responsibility Informing Crisis Management for stakeholder Satisfaction: From Survival mode to Survivability in a Pandemic.- Chapter 10. Artificial Intelligence & Blockchain: The path to generate value for companies after the COVID-19 pandemic

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Book SynopsisThis book analyzes education in Japan from the viewpoint of “the stagnant current Japanese economy”. Tomoyuki Tamagawa, a long-time mathematics teacher in junior high school, is now a vice principal. He and Tamotsu Nakamura have written Chapter 1 of this book together because they believe that the loss of vitality in the Japanese economy is due to the problem of human capital formation in school education. Shinji Oi has worked for many years at a Japanese broadcasting station and has extensive experience in human resource development. In Chapter 2, he analyzes the relationship between optimal human capital investment and labor market mobility, based on his recognition of the importance of vocational training, or human capital investment at the firm and the necessity for good allocation of human resources. Tokuji Saita is well versed not only in the realities and practices in the financial industry but also in the financial system as a whole. In Chapter 3, based on his long experience in the financial industry, he analyzes and points out the importance of “openness” of innovation from a macroeconomic point of view.Table of ContentsChapter 1:- Relationship between educational attainment and class size: Effects of teacher resource allocation.- Chapter 2:- Investment in general and specific human capital: Social optimality via labor turnover.- Chapter3:-Necessity of openness to stimulate innovation: An investigation into causes of slow innovation.

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Book SynopsisThis book studies young people who are Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET); a prime concern among policymakers. Moving past common interpretations of NEETs as a homogeneous group, it asks why some youth become NEET, whereas other do not. The authors analyse diverse school-to-work patterns of young NEETs in five typical countries and investigate the role of individual characteristics, countries' institutions and policies, and their complex interplay.Readers will come to understand youth marginalization as a process that may occur during the transition from school, vocational college, or university to work. By studying longitudinal analyses of processes and transitions, readers will gain the crucial insight that NEETs are not equally vulnerable, and that most NEETs will find their way back to the labour market. However, they will also see that in all countries, a group of long-term NEETs exists. These exceptionally vulnerable young people are sidelined from soTable of Contents1. Not in Employment, Education, or Training around the World 2. NEET during the School-to-Work Transition in the Netherlands 3. NEET in Germany: Labour Market Entry Patterns and Gender Differences 4. Patterns in NEET Statuses during the School-to-Work Transition in France 5. NEETs in England 6. NEET in Japan: Focusing on Gender and Cohort 7. Policy Interventions Targeting NEETs in Different Institutional Settings 8. The Role of Education Systems in Preventing NEETs 9. Can Labour Market Policies Help to Reduce Long-term NEETs? 10. How Long-term NEET are Explained by Family Policies in OECD Countries 11. Conclusions and Discussion

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Book SynopsisDebate surrounding the employability of graduates has been around for many decades, and interest in this area has grown particularly since the start of this century. Tackling this relevant area of scholarship, this book uses an innovative approach to analyse the relationship between the university and the labour market from different perspectives, taking into account both sociological and economic theories. Key areas explored include work transition, graduate employability, and the effects of public interventions/initiatives which are aimed at matching the competences of graduates to labour market needs. The chapters summarise several years of author original research, including study on the employability of graduates in Poland more specifically, and the effects of their public interventions to increase graduate employment and facilitate entry into the workforce (e.g. Commissioned Fields of Study, Competences Development Programme). More generally, university labour marTable of ContentsPart 1 The Transition from Graduation to Work – Theoretical Perspectives 1 Human Capital Theory 2 Education as a Positional Good 3 Social Closure Models Summary Part 2 Structural-Institutional Settings, Individual Characteristics and University-Work Transition 4 Employability Skills Agenda, Skills Race and IVth Industrial Revolution 5 Individual Characteristics and University to Work Transition 6 Structural-Institutional Settings And University to Work Transition Annexe II Summary Part 3 University-Work Transition And Public Interventions – The Case of Competence Development Program in Poland 7 The Competence Development Program – Genesis and Characteristics 8 The Competence Development Program – Effects of Intervention Annexe III.1 Summary Annexe III.2

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Book SynopsisThe behaviour of commodity prices never ceases to marvel economists, financial analysts, industry experts, and policymakers. Unexpected swings in commodity prices used to occur infrequently but have now become a permanent feature of global commodity markets. This book is about modelling commodity price shocks. It is intended to provide insights into the theoretical, conceptual, and empirical modelling of the underlying causes of global commodity price shocks. Three main objectives motivated the writing of this book. First, to provide a variety of modelling frameworks for documenting the frequency and intensity of commodity price shocks. Second, to evaluate existing approaches used for forecasting large movements in future commodity prices. Third, to cover a wide range and aspects of global commodities including currencies, rarehardlustrous transition metals, agricultural commodities, energy, and health pandemics. Some attempts have already been made towards modelling commoditTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. History and Theories of Commodity Price Shocks 3. Modelling Commodity Price Shocks 4. Commodity Price Shocks Identification 5. Effects of Commodity Price Shocks 6. Applications 7. Commodity Price Forecasting 8. Risks Associated with Commodity Price Forecasts 9. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisEnterprises located in rural regions face various challenges in the globalised and digitised world. This book offers comprehensive answers to the question of what makes up the rural enterprise economy in the contemporary business world. It addresses the competitiveness and viability, strategic management and strategic change, and marketing issues for both incumbent and start-up companies in rural regions. The book presents new concepts that shed light on the rural enterprise economy with its entrepreneurs. With a broad range of cases from European regions, the book provides theoretical insights for scholars, practical case-based evidence for lecturers and teachers, and practical knowledge for business practitioners and planning specialists. Academic experts from European universities and research institutes provide compelling answers to this under-researched topic in business studies and economics. Table of ContentsPart I: Introduction to the Rural Enterprise Economy 1. Introduction to The Rural Enterprise Economy Part II: Rural Enterprise Development 2. The Hidden Strength of Rural Enterprises: Why Peripheries Can Be more than A City Centre’s Deficient Complements 3. Hidden Champions in Rural Germany: Innovation Strategies to Compete in Global Markets 4. Adoption of Digital Innovations in Rural Enterprises during COVID-19 5. Competitive Strategies of Incumbent Small Regional Banks in Rural Locations 6. Reflections on Tourism Business Viability and Competitiveness in Rural Regions 7. Tourism Marketing in Rural Contexts: The Potential of Wine Tourism in the Dao Wine Region 8. Participation of Micro-Enterprises and Public Organisations in Rural Development Projects: Balancing between Collaboration and Tensions 9. Rural Business Support Policy and Rural Enterprise Economy: The Neo-endogenous Approach to Entrepreneurship Promotion of Common Agricultural Policy Part III: Rural Entrepreneurship 10. Opportunity- and Necessity-Driven Entrepreneurship in Urban versus Rural Locations 11. Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas: Locational Choices and Embeddedness 12. Entrepreneurship in Rural Sweden: The Role of Weak Ties, Strong Ties and "Good enough" Internet Access 13. Tourism Micro-Enterprises and Entrepreneurship in Rural Norway: Opportunities and Constraints 14. Entrepreneurial Knowledge-Strategies in Specialty Food Innovations 15. Combining Local and International Embeddedness in A Rural Context Part IV: The Rural Enterprise Economy – Conclusions and Implications 16. The Rural Enterprise Economy: Conclusions and Implications

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Book SynopsisThis book analyses Europe's COVID-19 response provided by governments and societies, to assess its influence on the economy from both a short- and long-term perspective. The authors argue that there are three key factors that determine how successful a given country is. The first is the determination and effectiveness of the government. The second is the capacity of states and their healthcare systems in times of crisis. The third is society's willingness to adhere to emergency measures and to cooperate with authorities. The book examines the government policy of EU states during the pandemic; studies the behaviour of EU societies; reveals the influence of the pandemic crisis on the economy of EU states and formulates a successful strategy to counteract the challenges wrought by the pandemic. The book will appeal to scholars and researchers engaged in the fields of economic and political science, global studies and international relations. Furthermore, itTable of Contents1. Policy response to coronavirus in European Member States 2. European societies and their behaviour towards coronavirus 3. Can the European economy survive the coronavirus crisis?

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Book SynopsisA Wall Street Journal bestsellerFinancial expert, investment advisor and New York Times bestselling author James Rickards shows why and how global financial markets are being artificially inflated--and what smart investors can do to protect their assets What goes up, must come down. As any student of financial history knows, the dizzying heights of the stock market can't continue indefinitely--especially since asset prices have been artificially inflated by investor optimism around the Trump administration, ruinously low interest rates, and the infiltration of behavioral economics into our financial lives. The elites are prepared, but what's the average investor to do? James Rickards, the author of the prescient books Currency Wars, The Death of Money, and The Road to Ruin, lays out the true risks to our financial system, and offers invaluable advice on how best to weather the storm. You'll learn, for instance:

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Book SynopsisThe bestselling author of The Death of Money and Currency Wars reveals the global elites' dark effort to hide a coming catastrophe from investors in The Road to Ruin, now a National Bestseller.   A drumbeat is sounding among the global elites. The signs of a worldwide financial meltdown are unmistakable. This time, the elites have an audacious plan to protect themselves from the fallout: hoarding cash now and locking down the global financial system when a crisis hits.   Since 2014, international monetary agencies have been issuing warnings to a small group of finance ministers, banks, and private equity funds: the U.S. government’s cowardly choices not to prosecute J.P. Morgan and its ilk, and to bloat the economy with a $4 trillion injection of easy credit, are driving us headlong toward a cliff.   As Rickards shows in this frightening, meticulously researched book, governments around the world have no compunction about conspiring against their citizens. They will have stockpiled hard assets when stock exchanges are closed, ATMs shut down, money market funds frozen, asset managers instructed not to sell securities, negative interest rates imposed, and cash withdrawals denied.   If you want to plan for the risks ahead, you will need Rickards’s cutting-edge synthesis of behavioral economics, history, and complexity theory. It’s a guidebook to thinking smarter, acting faster, and living with the comfort­ing knowledge that your wealth is secure.   The global elites don’t want this book to exist. Their plan to herd us like sheep to the slaughter when a global crisis erupts—and, of course, to maintain their wealth—works only if we remain complacent and unaware. Thanks to The Road to Ruin, we don’t need to be.If you are curious about what the financial Götterdämmerung might look like you’ve certainly come to the right place... Rickards believes -- and provides tantalizing snippets of private conversations with those who dwell in the very eye-in-the-pyramid -- that the current world monetary and financial system is on the verge of insolvency and that the world financial elites already have a successor system for which they are laying the groundwork. --Ralph Benko, Forbes

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Book SynopsisAs heard on NPR's Fresh Air "This empowering light into a brighter future is a narrative you won’t want to miss." – Ralph Nader "Collins not only talks the talk but walks the walk...this is a worthwhile book to read, digest, and share" – Publishers Weekly An essential piece of reading for anyone concerned by the increasing wealth inequality–made worse by the global pandemic and political partisanship The growing wealth inequality continues to dominate headlines. The divide between the haves and have nots in America is increasingly political and tensions are rising. On one side, the wealthy wield power and advantage, keeping the system operating in their favor―all while retreating into enclaves that separate them further and further from the poor and working class. On the other side, those who find it increasingly difficult to keep up or get ahead are desperate and frustrated ―waging a rhetorical war against the rich and letting anger and resentment keep us from seeing new potential solutions. But can we suspend both class wars long enough to consider a new way forward? Is it really good for anyone that most of society’s wealth is pooling at the very top of the wealth ladder? Does anyone, including the one percent, really want to live in a society plagued by economic apartheid? It is time to think differently, says longtime inequality expert and activist Chuck Collins. Born into the one percent, Collins gave away his inheritance at 26 and spent the next three decades mobilizing against inequality. He uses his perspective from both sides of the divide to deliver a new narrative. Collins calls for a ceasefire and invites the wealthy to come back home, investing themselves and their wealth in struggling communities. And he asks the non-wealthy to build alliances with the one percent and others at the top of the wealth ladder. Stories told along the way explore the roots of advantage, show how taxpayers subsidize the wealthy, and reveal how charity, used incorrectly, can actually reinforce extreme inequality. Readers meet pioneers who are crossing the divide to work together in new ways, including residents in the author’s own Boston-area neighborhood who have launched some of the most interesting community transition efforts in the nation. In the end, Collins’s national and local solutions not only challenge inequality but also respond to climate change and offer an unexpected, fresh take on one of our most intransigent problems. Trade ReviewChoice Reviews- "Drawing on both engaging personal stories and economic research, Collins (Institute for Policy Studies) portrays an 'economic apartheid' of growing inequality of wealth and opportunity in the US, and urges citizens, especially the wealthiest, to recommit to the broader community to address it. Collins describes 'an empathetic barrier to change' that leads rich Americans to deride the industriousness of the less affluent. Raised in a “one percent” family, Collins understands how the wealthy are cut off from the wider society as their experiences lead them to adopt false myths of self-reliance and meritocracy. These views overlook the roles community and equity play in securing prosperity and well-being for rich and poor Americans. The overvaluing of self-reliance obscures the advantages of family wealth as well as the role of government programs in providing gains for the white middle class (in particular, home ownership) over other groups. Collins calls for empathy and solidarity among the rich, the affluent, and the poor to address inequality and environmental degradation. The book lists ways for the wealthy to connect to the larger society and support policies to bring about an equitable and sustainable future. Summing Up: Recommended. All readership levels."Booklist- "As the great-grandson of Oscar Meyer, Collins grew up in a wealthy and advantaged family. He considers himself part of the privileged 1 percent, “born on third base,” with only a short hop to make it to home plate. But Collins believes it’s time for our society to come to a different home, one where inequality is addressed in a new way, where the economy can be made more inclusive, and where the 1 percent can engage with the other 99 to become partners in transforming the future. Collins (99 to 1: How Inequality Is Wrecking the World and What We Can Do about It, 2012) once again presents a convincing and deeply thought-provoking argument in favor of not just the need for societal change but the importance of individual action in making change happen. Written in a well-crafted, conversational style, Collins’ latest is a gentle yet clear reminder to readers that real change starts by looking outside ourselves and making even the smallest connection with others.”“I have never read a story remotely like the one Chuck Collins has to tell. Born to the one percent, in circumstances few of us can imagine, he grew an outsized conscience and gave up his inherited wealth for a life of fighting the vicious inequality that is destroying our country. Somewhere along the way, he came to understand that the rich can be part of the solution instead of the problem and started organizing them to join in the struggle for a fair economy. The result is an electrifying challenge to the affluent as well as the one percent. ‘Come out of your gated communities and gated hearts,’ he writes, because outside lies the warmth of human solidarity.”--Barbara Ehrenreich, author of Nickel and Dimed“Chuck Collins has already organized the rich against their own immediate economic interest. He and his colleagues at the Institute for Policy Studies were instrumental in blocking the Republican repeal of the federal estate tax for the wealthy. So when he writes in Born on Third Base about all the good that can come from the enlightened rich pressing for justice, not just charity, he speaks from experience as both an organizer and a former affluent heir. Partly autobiographical, this empowering light into a brighter future is a narrative you won’t want to miss. Chuck Collins walks the talk and can motivate, if anyone is able to, the super rich to fund systemic drives for change.”--Ralph Nader, consumer advocate, author, and lawyer“A call to action for America's wealthy and a warning shot across the bows of their yachts if they fail to act, Born on Third Base offers a clear and compelling case for why the privileged and powerful must act to reverse widening inequality of income, wealth, and political power in America.”--Robert B. Reich, former US Secretary of Labor; author of Saving CapitalismPublishers Weekly- "Collins (99 to 1), born to great privilege, takes a thoughtful, well-written, and carefully researched approach to solving the extreme imbalance in wealth distribution, directed toward one- and 99-percenters alike. Refreshingly, Collins not only talks the talk but walks the walk: at age 26 he gave up his $500,000 trust fund and dedicated his life to ending inequality. The book's first half outlines the problems of uneven wealth distribution, which have been made even more evident by the 2008 economic downturn. This part includes a section addressing racial issues in the U.S. and making the case for federal reparations for slavery. What Collins does even better than describing the challenge is, in the book's second half, outlining significant and specific solutions. He includes 10 elements of a program for the wealthiest 1% to follow, imploring readers to connect with both 'people around us' and 'people who are completely different.' He makes an appeal for 'humanity and empathy' at the book's very beginning, shows how he and others have worked to embody it, and reinforces the importance of this approach at the conclusion. Wherever readers fall on the economic scale, this is a worthwhile book to read, digest, and share."“The American dream assures us that, if you work hard and play by the rules, you’ll succeed. But the facts tell a different story: Everyone knows the system is rigged. In these trickle-down times, income inequality threatens to pit the 99 percent against the 1 percent in violent revolution—and, really, who can blame them? My fellow plutocrat Chuck Collins gets it. Born on Third Base explodes the myth of the self-made man, but it also celebrates true achievement in the classic American sense. This isn’t some self-hating rich guy; Collins has thought seriously about what it means to be a citizen, and to be a patriot. He makes the case that we all do better when we all do better, and he does it with compassion and humor. This book would give Ayn Rand nightmares.”--Nick Hanauer, entrepreneur; venture capitalist; coauthor of The True Patriot and The Gardens of Democracy“Chuck Collins may have been born on third base, but he hits a grand slam with this powerful call to even the richest Americans to join their fellow citizens in challenging the obscene wealth gap that characterizes America today. He hammers all the curve balls thrown to justify inequality, writes eloquently but humbly of his experiences, and lays out a winning lineup of ways to bring Americans across class lines together for economic justice.”--John de Graaf, coauthor of Affluenza and What’s the Economy for, Anyway?“Chuck Collins does the soul-searching, fundamental work of reminding us all that wealth inequality and injustice make everyone’s life worse, including those of us who are supposedly better off. No matter what your class background, Collins’s work is an insight into and inspiring call to action for why we all need to be two feet into the fight for a more just world –one that is based on shared prosperity and community, not individualized notions of success. People and the planet literally depend on it.”--Jessie Spector, executive director, Resource Generation “Sobering and inspiring, Chuck Collins has written a Declaration of Interdependence. A must read for anyone on third base who has forgotten that they’re part of a team.”--Peter Buffett, copresident, NoVo Foundation; composer; author of Life is What You Make It“There are few tasks as urgent as a radical reorientation of the 1 percent, a radical re-engagement of ‘us’ with ‘them’—and a radical redeployment of the wealth created over the past century in order to address the problems of the next. Chuck Collins is our personal guide.”--Woody Tasch, founder, Slow Money Institute; author of Inquiries into the Nature of Slow Money“This is the engaging story of a courageous rich white guy who gave it all away, journeyed to the dark heart of inequality and deprivation in America, and became a leading thinker and activist for something much better for all of us, including the rich. Collins doesn’t disappoint. He is the real deal.”--James Gustave Speth, author of America the Possible and Angels by the River“No one explains inequality better than Chuck Collins, and no one walks his talk with more integrity. All Americans—rich, poor, and in the shrinking middle—will benefit from his insights and be inspired by his example.”--Peter Barnes, cofounder, CREDO Mobile; author of With Liberty and Dividends For All

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Book SynopsisIf you want to know why American Indians have the highest rates of poverty of any racial group, why suicide is the leading cause of death among Indian men, why native women are two and a half times more likely to be raped than the national average and why gang violence affects American Indian youth more than any other group, do not look to history. There is no doubt that white settlers devastated Indian communities in the 19th, and early 20th centuries. But it is our policies today—denying Indians ownership of their land, refusing them access to the free market and failing to provide the police and legal protections due to them as American citizens—that have turned reservations into small third-world countries in the middle of the richest and freest nation on earth. The tragedy of our Indian policies demands reexamination immediately—not only because they make the lives of millions of American citizens harder and more dangerous—but also because they represent a microcosm of everything that has gone wrong with modern liberalism. They are the result of decades of politicians and bureaucrats showering a victimized people with money and cultural sensitivity instead of what they truly need—the education, the legal protections and the autonomy to improve their own situation. If we are really ready to have a conversation about American Indians, it is time to stop bickering about the names of football teams and institute real reforms that will bring to an end this ongoing national shame.Trade Review“The New Trail of Tears is a much-needed revelation of heart-breaking conditions on American Indian reservations—and of the attitudes, incentives, and politics that make the people living on those reservations even worse off than other low-income minorities, including American Indians living elsewhere in American society. The laws and policies behind these human tragedies have wider implications for welfare state assumptions and politically correct decisions, including the grossly misnamed ‘Indian Child Welfare Act.’ This book is an insightful and much-needed introduction to a subject that deserves much more public attention than it gets, both for its own sake and for what it reveals about the political and ideological climate of our time.” —Thomas Sowell “I've grubbed in the data regarding American Indian poverty for years, but none of my numbers will have the effect of Naomi Riley's investigation and prose. Through clear thinking and personal accounts, she articulates why this ignored minority remains in poverty and how they can escape it. The New Trail of Tears is a must read if you care about the plight of poor people, in general, and American Indians, in particular.” —Terry L. Anderson, author of Unlocking the Wealth of Indian Nations and senior fellow of The Hoover Institution at Stanford University “Clear evidence of the tragedy that results when individual property rights are equated with group rights.” —Amity Shlaes, presidential scholar at the Kings College and author of Coolidge and The Forgotten Man “The New Trail of Tears is a powerful antidote to the romantic nonsense about the history of American Indian groups that pervades our school curriculum today, and a stinging indictments of the paternalistic public policies that continue to keep most Indians mired in poverty even now. Written in lively and lucid prose, it is my candidate for the book-of-the-year on racial issues in the United States.” —Stephan Thernstrom, Winthrop Professor of History Emeritus at Harvard University

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Book SynopsisThis book is a collection of some recent of the best articles by China Economist and it represents top Chinese economists major research outcomes and opinions on economic matters, status and trends from various perspectives. Some work with China’s highest academic research institutes and policy consultation agencies, while others work with related agencies and universities. Hence, this book largely reflects the key concerns and efforts of economic research institutes, policy advisory agencies, regulatory policy research departments and universities on China’s economy.From the launching of reform and opening-up in 1978 to the dawn of the 21st century, China has been transformed from a self-enclosed, planned economy to a market-based one, and the country has integrated itself into the international community. China wishes to look beyond its border and engage in equal-footed dialogue with its partners and competitors. With China’s rapid emergence and great achievements, other countries increasingly want to learn more about this “mysterious oriental country” and the miraculous changes taking place here. However, we have also found that abroad, the public, high-ranking officials and even media and academia may not have a clear picture of China. Chinese scholars views on their country and beyond are not well understood by foreign scholars, not to mention people in the street, and overseas officials and scholars do not appreciate China’s realities. Legitimate claims and well intentioned expressions from China are often misunderstood or distorted by the media, and it seems that the world is unprepared for a changing China. China needs to know itself and the outside world, and the world needs to have a closer look at China as well. Research on the China phenomenon and its implications has become topical around the world. Hence, developing diversified channels and platforms of communication is necessary both in China and the outside world.In this book, which includes dozens of articles written by Chinese economists and researchers, authors wish to tell the world a truth: Although China has become the world’s second largest economy, its GDP per capita is very low. China remains a developing country, and development is its top priority and the basis for all welfare programs. The rights of development are basic human rights upon which China cannot waiver. Development is the best gift China has to offer to the world. Meanwhile, Chinese scholars should also recognize that China must deepen reform and expand opening-up, balance efficiency with fair income distribution, use resources in more efficient, refined and clean ways, and challenge its enterprises to assume more social responsibilities. Only in this way can China complete its historic transition from a developing country to a mature, modernized country.Table of Contents Part One: Macro economy Chapter 1 “Middle-Income Trap” and “High-Income Wall” : Challenges and Opportunities to China, by Liu Shijin et al Chapter 2 Don’t Overlook GDP and Investment: An Analysis of China’s Current Economic Trend, by Liu Shucheng Chapter 3 How Long Can China’s Economy Keep Growing? By Zhang Jun Chapter 4 How China Can Avoid the “Middle-Income Trap”,by Ma Xiaohe Part Two: Institution & Mechanism Chapter 5 The Contribution of Marketization to China’s Economic Growth, by Fan Gang et al Chapter 6 China’s Marketization since WTO Accession, by Li Xiaoxi Chapter 7 Shifting to a Market-Based Wage-Setting Mechanism for Low-Skilled Labor: Macro economic Effects, by Yang Ruilong et a Chapter 8 Regulation or Property Rights: The Effect of China’s Coal Mine Shutdown Policy on Work Safety, by Bai Chong’en et al Chapter 9 A Modeling Analysis of Local Governments Competing in Offering Subsidies to Attract Investment: the Cause of Industrial Overcapacity, by Jiang Feitao et al Part Three: Government Policy Chapter 10 China’s Sovereign Balance Sheet and Its Risk Assessment, by Li Yang et al Chapter 11 China’s Monetary Policy Instruments (2001-2010): Paradox, Analysis and Suggestions, by Wang Guogang Chapter 12 China’s Regional Policy Scenarios for 2011-2015 Period, by Wei Houkai et al Chapter 13 Developing Secondary Industry to Drive China’s Future Growth, by Jin Bei Chapter 14 Domestic Demand-based Economic Globalization: Strategic Choice for China to Profit from the Second Wave of Globalization, by Liu Zhibiao Part Four: Industrial Development Chapter 15 China’s Industries in the Beginning of Its 12th Five-Year Plan Period, by Jin Bei Chapter 16 Relying on Secondary Industry to Drive National Policy and Reinvigorate China’s Economy, by Huang Qunhui Chapter 17 Recalculating the Significance of Secondary and Tertiary Industries for Industrial Restructuring: Truth and Myth, by Li Gang et al Chapter 18 Technology Gaps, Resource Allocation and Economic Growth of Large Late starting Countries, by Ouyang Yao et al

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