Agriculture and farming Books

Book SynopsisAn illustrated field guide that gathers information about California's agriculture and its environmental context. It explores the full range of the state's agriculture, deftly balancing agribusiness triumphalism with the pride of boutique producers, sketching meanwhile the darker shadows that can envelop California farming.Trade Review"Required reading for every serious foodie, gardener and farmer's market junkie ... The summer beach read of academic writing. " Los Angeles Times Book Review "Designed for portability, this stout little tome easily fits into a glove box, ready for retrieval when a passing agricultural landscape baffles. But being such an engaging companion, the Field Guide to California Agriculture will more than likely migrate to your bedside reading table." -- Julie Foster Zyzzyva "Full of useful and interesting information about the crops and livestock you might encounter while driving around California." -- A.B. Westways Magazine "A book that brings to life the vast panorama of the state's farming industry and its fascinating historical, ecological and ethnocultural overtones... Reading its richly informative commentary out loud while admiring almonds and citrus in blossom on a drive down Interstate 5 is a refreshing alternative to video game stupor." -- Laura Thomas San Francisco Chronicle

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Book SynopsisDocuments twelve successful urban farm programs, from an alternative school for girls in Detroit, to a backyard food swap in New Orleans, to a restaurant supply garden on a rooftop in Brooklyn. This title offers practical advice such as composting and keeping livestock in the city, decontaminating toxic soil, and changing zoning laws.Table of ContentsForeword by Mark Winne Preface by David Hanson Introduction by Edwin Marty 1. P-Patch Community Garden Program, Seattle, Washington * The Neighborhood Garden HOW TO: Change Your City's Urban Agriculture Zoning Codes 2. Homeless Garden Project, Santa Cruz, California * The Farm as Therapy HOW TO: Grow Good, Safe Food 3. Fairview Gardens and the Center for Urban Agriculture, Santa Barbara, California * The Historic Farm HOW TO: Plant Perennial Fruit Trees in the City 4. Denver Urban Gardens, Denver, Colorado * The Garden as Community HOW TO: Turn Your Waste into Black Gold Compost 5. Kansas City Center for Urban Agriculture, Kansas City, Kansas and Missouri * The Farm for Profit HOW TO: Access Start-Up Capital for Urban Food Projects 6. Versailles Community, New Orleans, Louisiana * Backyards of Bounty HOW TO: Develop a Congregational Urban Farm 7. Jones Valley Urban Farm, Birmingham, Alabama * The Education and Production Farm HOW TO: Engage the Community with Education Programs 8. Greensgrow, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania * The Nonprofit, For-Profit Farm HOW TO: Rehabilitate Contaminated Soils 9. Eagle Street Rooftop Farm, Brooklyn, New York * The Rooftop Farm HOW TO: Convert Rooftops to Residential Gardens and Urban Farms 10. Catherine Ferguson Academy, Detroit, Michigan * The Alternative Curriculum Farm HOW TO: Raise Urban Livestock 11. Growing Home's Wood Street Urban Farm, Chicago, Illinois * The Job Training Farm HOW TO: Extend the Growing Season with Hoop Houses and Greenhouses 12. Sandhill Organics and Prairie Crossing, Grayslake, Illinois * The Peri-urban Farm HOW TO: Start an Urban Farm Conclusion by Edwin Marty Acknowledgments Bibliography

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Book SynopsisFocuses on critical thinking and effective action for the future of our global agrifood system, based on an understanding of the system's historical roots. This book offers an analysis of the assumptions underlying different perspectives on problems related to food and agriculture around the world and a discussion of alternative solutions.Trade Review"Cleveland's new book is essential reading for all who are interested in change, since understanding how we got into this mess is important for identifying ways to get out of it." -- Charles R. Clement Economic Botany "A welcome addition to the literature on agriculture and food systems and will give to all readers a chance to critically consider the importance of continuously asking questions, examining our empirical and value assumptions, and choosing robust indicators that can accurately reflect our goals for the agrifood system." Agriculture and Human ValuesTable of ContentsList of Illustrations List of Tables Preface: A Personal History Acknowledgments Introduction PART I Agrifood Systems History and Future 1. Eating Stardust: Population, Food, and Agriculture on Planet Earth 2. Agricultural Revolutions 3. Thinking Critically about Sustainable Agrifood Systems 4. Sustainable Agrifood Systems: Three Emphases PART II Moving toward Sustainable Agrifood Systems: A Balancing Act 5. Managing Evolution: Plant Breeding and Biotechnology 6. Managing Agricultural Ecosystems: The Critical Role of Diversity 7. Managing People: The Common Property Option 8. The Big Solutions: Climate Change, Resource Cycles, and Diet 9. The Big Solutions: Localizing Agrifood Systems Appendix 1. Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols Appendix 2. Metric Units and Metric-English Unit Conversions Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisFocuses on critical thinking and effective action for the future of our global agrifood system, based on an understanding of the system's historical roots. This book offers an analysis of the assumptions underlying different perspectives on problems related to food and agriculture around the world and a discussion of alternative solutions.Trade Review"Cleveland's new book is essential reading for all who are interested in change, since understanding how we got into this mess is important for identifying ways to get out of it." -- Charles R. Clement Economic Botany "A welcome addition to the literature on agriculture and food systems and will give to all readers a chance to critically consider the importance of continuously asking questions, examining our empirical and value assumptions, and choosing robust indicators that can accurately reflect our goals for the agrifood system." Agriculture and Human ValuesTable of ContentsList of Illustrations List of Tables Preface: A Personal History Acknowledgments Introduction PART I Agrifood Systems History and Future 1. Eating Stardust: Population, Food, and Agriculture on Planet Earth 2. Agricultural Revolutions 3. Thinking Critically about Sustainable Agrifood Systems 4. Sustainable Agrifood Systems: Three Emphases PART II Moving toward Sustainable Agrifood Systems: A Balancing Act 5. Managing Evolution: Plant Breeding and Biotechnology 6. Managing Agricultural Ecosystems: The Critical Role of Diversity 7. Managing People: The Common Property Option 8. The Big Solutions: Climate Change, Resource Cycles, and Diet 9. The Big Solutions: Localizing Agrifood Systems Appendix 1. Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols Appendix 2. Metric Units and Metric-English Unit Conversions Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisFood and drink has been a focal point of modern social theory since the inception of agrarian capitalism and the industrial revolution. From Adam Smith to Mary Douglas, major thinkers have used key concepts such as identity, exchange, culture, and class to explain the modern food system. Food, Politics, and Society offers a historical and sociological survey of how these various ideas and the practices that accompany them have shaped our understanding and organization of the production, processing, preparation, serving, and consumption of food and drink in modern societies. Divided into twelve chapters and drawing on a wide range of historical and empirical illustrations, this book provides a concise, informed, and accessible survey of the interaction between social theory and food and drink. It is perfect for courses in a wide range of disciplines.Trade Review"[A] well‐researched and well‐written piece of work, worthy of being used both in teaching and as an inspiration for future research projects." * Journal of Agrarian Change *Table of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgments vii 1. Introduction: Food, Drink, and Modern Social Theory 1 2. The Natural and the Social: The Agricultural Revolution 21 3. Exchange: The Columbian Exchange and Mercantile Empires 40 4. Culture: Ritual, Prohibition, and Taboo 58 5. Industrialization: Technology, Rationality, and Urbanization 76 6. The Public Sphere: Eating and Drinking in Public 94 7. The Modern State: Alcohol, Alcoholism, and Biopolitics 112 8. Identity: Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Religion 130 9. Distinction: Social Diff erence, Taste, and the Civilizing Process 150 10. Political Economy: The Global Food System 169 11. The Self: Food Choices and Public Health 187 12. Consumption: Media, the Domestic Economy, and Celebrity Chefs 206 Notes 223 Select Bibliography 257 Index 265

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Book SynopsisFood and drink has been a focal point of modern social theory since the inception of agrarian capitalism and the industrial revolution. From Adam Smith to Mary Douglas, major thinkers have used key concepts such as identity, exchange, culture, and class to explain the modern food system. Food, Politics, and Society offers a historical and sociological survey of how these various ideas and the practices that accompany them have shaped our understanding and organization of the production, processing, preparation, serving, and consumption of food and drink in modern societies. Divided into twelve chapters and drawing on a wide range of historical and empirical illustrations, this book provides a concise, informed, and accessible survey of the interaction between social theory and food and drink. It is perfect for courses in a wide range of disciplines.Trade Review"[A] well‐researched and well‐written piece of work, worthy of being used both in teaching and as an inspiration for future research projects." * Journal of Agrarian Change *Table of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgments vii 1. Introduction: Food, Drink, and Modern Social Theory 1 2. The Natural and the Social: The Agricultural Revolution 21 3. Exchange: The Columbian Exchange and Mercantile Empires 40 4. Culture: Ritual, Prohibition, and Taboo 58 5. Industrialization: Technology, Rationality, and Urbanization 76 6. The Public Sphere: Eating and Drinking in Public 94 7. The Modern State: Alcohol, Alcoholism, and Biopolitics 112 8. Identity: Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Religion 130 9. Distinction: Social Diff erence, Taste, and the Civilizing Process 150 10. Political Economy: The Global Food System 169 11. The Self: Food Choices and Public Health 187 12. Consumption: Media, the Domestic Economy, and Celebrity Chefs 206 Notes 223 Select Bibliography 257 Index 265

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Book SynopsisHungry for Revolution tells the story of how struggles over food fueled the rise and fall of Chile's Popular Unity coalition and one of Latin America's most expansive social welfare states. Reconstructing ties among workers, consumers, scientists, and the state, Joshua Frens-String explores how Chileans across generations sought to center food security as a right of citizenship. In so doing, he deftly untangles the relationship between two of twentieth-century Chile's most significant political and economic processes: the fight of an emergent urban working class to gain reliable access to nutrient-rich foodstuffs and the state's efforts to modernize its underproducing agricultural countryside.Trade Review"This highly readable and engaging narrative is suitable both for experts in Latin American and food history and for students looking to learn more about food politics and modern Chile." * Hispanic American Historical Review *"This is a very readable book, an important contribution to understanding Chilean history, and a valuable addition to the relatively thinly populated field of the history of technology in Latin America." * Technology and Culture *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction: Building a Revolutionary Appetite Part One: A Hungry Nation 1 • Worlds of Abundance, Worlds of Scarcity 2 • Red Consumers Part Two: Containing Hunger 3 • Controlling for Nutrition 4 • Cultivating Consumption Part Three: Recipes for Change 5 • When Revolution Tasted Like Empanadas and Red Wine 6 • A Battle for the Chilean Stomach 7 • Barren Plots and Empty Pots Epilogue: Counterrevolution at the Market Key Acronyms and Terms in Chilean Food History Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Economic Poisoning clearly lays out the economic and technological underpinnings that continue to make pesticides ubiquitous." * California History *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Arsenic and Old Waste 2. Commercializing Chemical Warfare 3. Manufacturing Petrotoxicity 4. Public-Private Partnerships 5. From Oil Well to Farm Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe toxicity of pesticides to the environment and humans is often framed as an unfortunate effect of their benefits to agricultural production. In Economic Poisoning, Adam M. Romero upends this narrative and provides a fascinating new history of pesticides in American industrial agriculture prior to World War II. Through impeccable archival research, Romero reveals the ways in which late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American agriculture, especially in California, functioned less as a market for novel pest-killing chemical products and more as a sink for the accumulating toxic wastes of mining, oil production, and chemical manufacturing. Connecting farming ecosystems to technology and the economy, Romero provides an intriguing reconceptualization of pesticides that forces readers to rethink assumptions about food, industry, and the relationship between human and nonhuman environments.Trade Review"Economic Poisoning clearly lays out the economic and technological underpinnings that continue to make pesticides ubiquitous." * California History *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Arsenic and Old Waste 2. Commercializing Chemical Warfare 3. Manufacturing Petrotoxicity 4. Public-Private Partnerships 5. From Oil Well to Farm Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisBy setting industrialization against the background of wider processes of economic growth, recent trends in economic history have once again placed agriculture at the center of debate on the formation of modern economies. The nine essays in this volume examine the broader terms and implications of this new emphasis, and reassess the contribution of agriculture to economic growth in contexts that range from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries and from Europe to Russia and Asia. The essays are tightly focused around a set of central themes. Emphasizing how contexts of time and place have determined the relationship between agricultural change and economic growth, they explore comparatively such issues as the problems of interpretation and methodology posed by the close inter-dependence between agriculture and social organization, the critical role of political intervention in agricultural change, as well as the technical difficulties involved in measuring changes in prodTable of ContentsPreface. Editors' Introduction. 1. Land and Labour Productivity in English Agriculture 1650-1850: Mark Overton (University of Essex). 2. Agriculture and Economic Growth in Britain 1870-1914: F. M. L. Thompson (London University). 3. Apropos the Third Agricultural Revolution: How Productive was British Agriculture in the Long Boom 1954-1973?: B. A. Holderness (University of East Anglia). 4. Railways and the Development of Agricultural Markets in France: Opportunity and Crisis (1840-1914): Roger Price (University of Wales at Aberystwyth). 5. Agriculture and Industrialization in France 1870-1914: Colin Heywood (University of Nottingham). 6. Italy - The Eternal 'Late-Comer'?: Paul Corner (University of Siena). 7. Agriculture and Industrialization: The Japanese Experience: Kaoru Sugihara (University of London). 8. Agriculture and Industrialization in Colonial India: David Washbrook (University of Oxford). 9. Soviet Agriculture and Industrialization: Mark Harrison (University of Warwick). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis volume examines the environmental requirements engineering aspects, rearing systems, nutrition and disease problems associated with the farming of fish.Trade Review"This careful examination of the farming of a large number of different fish species sheds considerable light on ways in which fish farmers can scientifically determine their optimum stocking levels" Professional FishermanTable of ContentsWhat is fish farming?;. Fish, their requirments and site evaluation;. Farming systems and husbandry practice;. Propagation and stock improvement;. Nurition and growth;. Fish health and disease;. Intensive marine farming in Japan;. Fish culture in the United States;. The development of polyculture in Israel: a model of intensification;. Commercial development and future prospects;. Appendices.

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Book Synopsisaeo reviews all new technologies including ploidy and gender manipulation aeo induced spawning and and cryopreservation aeo contributions from international authorities.Table of ContentsRed sea bream;. Gilthead bream;. Trout;. Sturgeon;. Channel catfish;. African catfish;. Pacific salmon;. Croaker and red drum;. Halibut and cod;. Tilapia;. Carp;. Sea bass;. Sperm quality;. Biotechnology and genetic manipulation;. Lipids;. Larval foods;. Cryopreservation

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Book SynopsisAs in the first edition, theory and practice are brought together in economies, finance, farm management and marketing in a way which highlights the interrelationships between them. The applied aspects, together with the coverage of marketing and the worked examples make the text uniquely important.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. 1. Farm management. 2. Records and accounts. 3. Gross margin analysis. 4. Comparative analysis. 5. Balance sheet analysis. 6. Enterprise studies. 7. Planning Profitability. 8. Planning: cash flow. 9. Planning; capital investment appraisal. 10. Planning: labour and machinery. 11. Sources of Finanace. 12. Taxation. 13. Marketing. 14. The European Union (EU). 15. Agricultural marketing organisation. 16. Grain marketing. 17. Livestock marketing. Appendix. Index

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Book SynopsisIncluding all the processes from seed to smoke, this book explains the science of tobacco - the cultivation of the plant, the leaves, curing, processing, manufacture and the physical and chemical properties of the final product. Breeding and genetics of the tobacco plant are discussed in relation to the new advances in biotechnology. General management practices are outlined for each major tobacco type. The chapter dealing with tobacco diseases also explains management control strategies, the economic losses that can ensue and the effects of diseases on the chemical composition of tobacco. Tobacco insect management from field production to stored product is discussed. Chemical and physical properties and cigarette manufacturing are the focus of three chapters. Tobacco''s marketing systems, threshing and processing, ageing, fermentation and storage procedures are included. The book offers a broad view of current tobacco knowledge and practices and discusses the future development of tobTable of ContentsPreface; List of Contributors; Acknowledgements; Seed to smoke; Breeding and genetics; Biotechnology: uses and applications in tobacco improvement; Agronomy and physiology; Production practices; Major tobacco diseases; Tobacco insect pests; Lead chemistry; Physical properties of leaf tobacco; Marketing processing and storage; Cigarette manufacture; Smoke chemistry; Cigars and cigarillos; Smokeless tobacco; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a practical guide to all aspects of financial management in the smaller business. Although the prime focus is on owners and managers of farm businesses and farm diversifications, it is equally valuable for other types of rural business and organisation. It has proved popular on degree and diploma courses in Rural Resource Management, Countryside Management and Rural Estate Management, as well as those concerned with Agriculture. In this fourth edition, increased emphasis has been given to general accounting principles and techniques, especially those of management accounting, cost-volume-profit and break-even analysis and pricing. While maintaining and strengthening the farm business focus, the new edition also better accommodates the needs of non-agricultural enterprises, including service and manufacturing businesses and non-profit organisations such as Wildlife Trusts.Table of ContentsPart 1 Basic Issues: Why bother?; In the beginning...; Building a framework; Cash Flow, Profit and Capital: Cash flow; Net Profit; Profit statements; Capital; Capital Statements; Depreciation; Interpretation of Financial Accounts: Adjusting for realism; Interpreting the profit and loss account; Interpreting the balance sheet; Management Accounts: Management versus financial accounts; Gross margin accounts; Full cost accounts; Allowing for cost behaviour; Pricing; Variations from the Norm: Farm management accounting; Partnerships and companies; Voluntary/non-profit organizations; Part 2: Basic Budgeting: A profit budget: Introduction; Compiling a profit budget; Home Farm profit budget; A Cash Flow Budget for the Whole Farm: Basic principles; Value Added Tax and overdraft interest; Cash flow budgets in practice; Reconciling cash flow and profit; A Budgeted Balance Sheet: Compiling the budget; A budgeted balance sheet for Home Farm; Budgeting for Incremental Change: Relevant costs and benefits; Partial budgets; Part 3 Financial History: Recording Cash Flow: Designing a cash recording system; The cash analysis system; Petty cash; Statutory records; Recording Profit and Capital: Preparing a profit and loss account; Valuing stocks; Recording capital; The 'Back-up' Records: Introduction; Transaction records; Physical records; Stock control; Background records; Organizing paperwork; Post-script; Part 4: Controlling the Business: Monitoring Cash Flow: Why monitor cash flow?; Comparison of actual and budgeted results; Interpreting the results; Annual cash flow monitoring; Monitoring Profit and Capital: The importance of monitoring profit; Comparison with previous years; Inter-farm comparisons (1): conventional profit and loss account; inter-farm comparisons (2): profit and loss accounts in enterprise account form; Budgetary comparisons; Variance analysis; profit monitoring for Home Farm; Monitoring capital; Part 5: More on Planning and Control: The Planning Process - A Wider View: Tactics and strategy; The mission; Setting aims and objectives; Assessing 'internal' characteristics and external environment; Generating alternative plans; Selecting the optimal plan; Implementing and monitoring the selected plan; Involving other members of the organization; Planning for Livestock Enterprises: Introduction; Feeding livestock; Allocation of forage costs; Estimating potential production; Replacement of breeding livestock; Livestock with long production cycles; Labour and Machinery Planning in Farming: Introduction; Estimating level of use; Estimating labour and machinery costs; Investigating alternatives; Capital Planning: Introdiction; Sources of capital; Estimating the cost of capital; Comparing alternative uses of capital (1): simple measures; Comparing alternative uses of capital (2): discounted cash flow techniques; Allowing for Risk and Uncertainty: Introduction; Allowing for risk and uncertainty in planning; Risk and investment appraisal; Allowing for Inflation: Introduction; Inflation and financial accounts; Inflation and management accounts; Inflation and planning; Inflation and investment appraisal; Appendix A. Personal Computers in Management: A.1 Introduction; A.2 Computers and farming; A.3 General business applications

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Book SynopsisEcological Aquaculture The evolution of the blue revolution Barry A. Costa-Pierce As the world's demand for food from aquatic environments continues to increase, the importance of performing aquaculture in an environmentally responsible manner also increases.Trade Review"The contents of this well thought-out and presented book provide much food for thought for those likely to be investiging in managing or legislating about aquaculture in the years to come... particularly valuable for the planners and thinkers among us." Professional Fisherman, 2003. "... required reading for anyone interested in producing aquatic organisms in an environmentally responsible manner; which means it should be read by everyone involved in aquaculture." Robert R Stickney, National Shellfisheries Association, Quarterly Newsletter, 2003. "This book will get you to thinking about sustainable aquaculture with a can-do outlook. I recommend the book highly." Dr James W Avault Jr. Aquaculture Magazine, 2002.Table of ContentsPart 1. The background of ecological aquaculture; History of aquaculture in traditional societies; The Ahupua'a aquaculture ecosystems in Hawai'i; Part 2. The methods of ecological aquaculture; Development and application of genetic tags for ecological aquaculture; Aquaculture escapement, implications and mitigation: the salmonid case study; Farming systems research and extension methods for the development of sustainable aquaculture ecosystems; A market-driven, social ecological approach to planning for sustainable aquaculture: a case study of tilapia in Fiji; Part 3. The context of ecological aquaculture; village-based aquaculture ecosystems as models for sustainable aquaculture; Development in subsaharan Africa; silvofisheries: integrated mangrove forest aquaculture ecosystems; An integrated fish and field crop system for arid areas; Sustainability of cage aquaculture ecosystems for large scale resettlement from hydropower dams: an Indonesian case study; The role of aquaculture in the restoration of coastal fisheries; Part 4. conclusion; Ecology as the paradigm for the future of aquaculture

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Book SynopsisThis important book is the re-titled third edition of the extremely well received and widely used Agricultural Extension (van den Ban & Hawkins, 1988, 1996). Building on the previous editions, Communication for Rural Innovation maintains and adapts the insights and conceptual models of value today, while reflecting many new ideas, angles and modes of thinking concerning how agricultural extension is taught and carried through today. Since the previous edition of the book, the number and type of organisations that apply communicative strategies to foster change and development in agriculture and resource management has become much more varied and this book is aimed at those who use communication to facilitate change in agriculture and resource management. Communication for Rural Innovation is essential reading for process facilitators, communication division personnel, knowledge managers, training officers, consultants, policy makers, extension specialists and maTrade Review“This book expands and updates the knowledge base about agricultural extension and communication for innovation. Content is logical, theoretically supported, and highly cross-referenced. It includes theoretical and practical implications that can help communication practitioners, researchers, and policy makers improve their effectiveness.” (International Journal of Agricultural Management, 1 April 2014)Table of ContentsPreface x The CTA xii Part 1 Rethinking Extension 1 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Challenges for agricultural extension practice 3 1.1.1 Challenges for farmers and agriculture at large 3 1.1.2 Reinventing extension 11 1.1.3 In conclusion: a new societal function for extension 17 1.2 Objectives and outline of this book 18 Questions for discussion 21 2 From extension to communication for innovation 22 2.1 Historical roots and evolving conceptions of extension 22 2.1.1 Origins, early meanings and international terminology 22 2.1.2 Evolving definitions 23 2.2 Different types of communication services and strategies 29 2.2.1 Basic rationale of different communication services and strategies 31 2.3 Agricultural knowledge systems and other extension-related concepts 36 Questions for discussion 39 3 The ethics and politics of communication for innovation 40 3.1 The political implications of communication for innovation 40 3.2 The acceptability of government communicative intervention 42 3.3 The acceptability of non-governmental communicative intervention 43 3.4 Professional standards 45 3.5 Dilemmas regarding ethics and politics: an example 46 Questions for discussion 48 4 The role of communicative intervention in policy planning: instrumental and interactive approaches 49 4.1 Top–down planning and instrumental communication 49 4.1.1 ‘Blueprint’ planning and problem solving 49 4.1.2 The instrumental model of communicative intervention 50 4.1.3 In conclusion 53 4.2 Process management and interactive communication 53 4.2.1 Process management towards innovation 53 4.2.2 Arguments for an interactive model of communicative intervention 55 4.2.3 In conclusion 56 4.3 Shortcomings and conditions: the relation between interactive and instrumental approaches 57 Questions for discussion 58 Part 2 The Relations Between Human Practice, Knowledge and Communication 59 5 Understanding human practices: the example of farming 61 5.1 Different levels and domains of farming practice 61 5.1.1 Farming practices at different hierarchical levels 62 5.1.2 Different domains of farming practice 63 5.1.3 Farming practices at different points in time 64 5.2 Understanding the social nature of technical practices 65 5.2.1 Evaluative frame of reference: the basis for reasoning about practices 67 5.2.2 Perceived effectiveness of the social environment 71 5.2.3 Perceived self-efficacy 74 5.2.4 Social relationships and perceived social pressure 76 5.2.5 The dynamics within the model 79 5.3 Implications for communication for innovation 86 5.3.1 The central role of knowledge and the need to be modest 86 5.3.2 The relationship with different communication strategies and functions 86 5.3.3 Communicative intervention must be ‘tuned’ to other communication processes 88 5.3.4 The need to anticipate diversity among farmers 89 5.3.5 Linking multiple socio-technical innovation processes 89 5.3.6 The multi-layered character of technology and policy acceptance 90 5.3.7 The illusion of supporting rational decision-making 91 5.3.8 The need for analytical capacity in communication for innovation organisations 92 Questions for discussion 92 6 Knowledge and perception 94 6.1 Knowledge, perception, information and wisdom 94 6.2 Life-worlds: the locus of discursive (explicit) and practical (tacit) knowledge 96 6.3 Multiple realities and knowledge construction 98 6.4 Knowledge and ignorance 100 6.5 Epistemic cultures: scientists’ versus non-scientists’ knowledge 105 6.6 Knowledge, power, agency and structure 107 6.7 Practical relevance: the case of farmer experimentation in environmental co-operatives 110 Questions for discussion 116 7 Communication and the construction of meaning 117 7.1 What is communication? 117 7.2 Three models of communication 121 7.3 Some basic anticipation problems in communicative intervention 123 Questions for discussion 125 Part 3 Innovation as a Process of Network Building, Social Learning and Negotiation 127 8 Changing perspectives on innovation 129 8.1 The ‘adoption and diffusion of innovations’ tradition 129 8.1.1 Key conclusions drawn from adoption and diffusion research 130 8.1.2 Critical reflections and practical limitations 134 8.2 Innovations and processes of innovation design 140 8.2.1 The multi-dimensional character of innovations 141 8.2.2 Building effective linkages and networks in an evolutionary process 141 8.2.3 The need for temporary protection in innovation processes 142 8.2.4 Different types of innovations and innovation decisions 143 8.2.5 The problem-driven character of innovation 143 8.2.6 The ‘hidden’ nature of building blocks for innovation 144 8.2.7 Basic tasks in interactive innovation design processes 144 Questions for discussion 145 9 Social and individual learning 147 9.1 A basic model for adult experiential learning 149 9.2 Levels of learning, and the relationship with decision-making 151 9.3 The centrality of relevant feedback 153 9.4 Factors that may affect learning (pre-conditions and obstacles) 155 9.5 Aspects of learning 161 Questions for discussion 162 10 Negotiation within interactive processes 163 10.1 Why look at negotiation? 163 10.1.1 Conflict-related frictions in interactive innovation processes: six cases 163 10.1.2 Towards a better language to deal with conflict 168 10.2 Distributive and integrative negotiations 169 10.2.1 Facilitation tasks in integrative negotiations 170 10.2.2 The status of facilitation tasks and guidelines 171 10.2.3 Layers or types of conflict 171 10.3 Pre-conditions for integrative negotiation 172 10.3.1 Divergence of interests 173 10.3.2 Mutual interdependence 173 10.3.3 Ability to communicate 174 10.3.4 Institutional space for using innovative negotiation results 174 10.3.5 An implication: the ‘political’ dimension of facilitation 175 Questions for discussion 176 11 The role of outsiders and different intervention approaches 177 11.1 The relationship between instrumental/persuasive and interactive models: alternation and sequencing 177 11.2 The role and expertise of ‘insiders’ and ‘outsiders’ 179 11.2.1 Different areas of knowledge and competence needed in intervention 179 11.2.2 From ‘experts’ and ‘laymen’ to ‘outsiders’ and ‘insiders’ 181 11.2.3 The role and contribution of external facilitators and scientists 181 Questions for discussion 185 Part 4 Media, Methods and Process Management 187 12 The potential of basic communication forms and media 189 12.1 Conventional mass media 190 12.1.1 The way mass media work 191 12.1.2 Functional qualities in relation to communicative intervention 192 12.1.3 Basic guidelines for presenting messages through written mass media 194 12.2 Interpersonal communication 196 12.2.1 Functional qualities in relation to communicative intervention 196 12.2.2 Basic modes of administrating group and bilateral meetings 198 12.2.3 Skills needed for facilitating interpersonal communication 200 12.3 Hybrid media: the internet 202 12.3.1 Modalities of the internet 203 12.3.2 Functional qualities of hybrid media 204 12.3.3 Internet applications for communicative intervention 205 12.4 Media access and audience selectivity 207 12.5 Media mixes 208 Questions for discussion 208 13 Communication for innovation methods 209 13.1 Clarifying the terminology used 209 13.2 Reasons to focus on methods, functions and process management 211 13.3 Specific methods and issues related to farm management communication 212 13.3.1 Advisory communication 213 13.3.2 Supporting horizontal knowledge exchange 217 13.4 Methods related to raising awareness and consciousness of pre-defined issues 220 13.4.1 Mass media campaigns 220 13.4.2 Entertainment–education 221 13.4.3 Visualising what is difficult to see 222 13.4.4 Result demonstrations/demonstration experiments 222 13.5 Methods related to the exploration of views and issues 224 13.5.1 Analysis of everyday talk 224 13.5.2 In-depth interviewing 225 13.5.3 Metaplan cards 226 13.5.4 Open space technology 226 13.5.5 Visual diagramming and mapping 227 13.5.6 Ranking and scoring techniques 230 13.5.7 Socio-technical problem tree analysis 231 13.5.8 Joint research and on-farm experimentation 233 13.5.9 Public debates 237 13.5.10 Future explorations 238 13.5.11 A caveat: be aware of ritualistic use of exploratory methods 241 13.6 Methods related to information provision 242 13.6.1 Written and computer-based search and access facilities 243 13.6.2 Information-needs assessment 243 13.7 Methods related to training 245 13.7.1 Method demonstrations 245 13.7.2 Experiential practicals 245 Questions for discussion 246 14 The management of interactive innovation processes 247 14.1 Some limitations of conventional thinking on participation 248 14.1.1 Defining ‘participation’ 249 14.1.2 Types and levels of participation 250 14.1.3 Is ‘maximum participation’ possible and desirable? 251 14.1.4 Reservations at the theoretical level: strategic versus communicative action 256 14.2 Guidelines for the facilitation of interactive processes 259 14.2.1 Task 1: Preparing the process 259 14.2.2 Task 2: Reaching and maintaining process agreements 263 14.2.3 Task 3: Joint exploration and situation analysis 265 14.2.4 Task 4: Joint fact-finding and uncertainty reduction 270 14.2.5 Task 5: Forging agreement 271 14.2.6 Task 6: Communication of representatives with constituencies 272 14.2.7 Task 7: Co-ordinated action 273 Questions for discussion 274 15 The planning of individual activities 275 15.1 The purpose of an activity 276 15.1.1 Goal hierarchies 276 15.1.2 Communicative and other means or objectives 277 15.2 Stakeholders, audiences, and targeting 279 15.2.1 Characterising relevant diversity 280 15.2.2 Different types of target audiences 285 15.3 Content 285 15.4 Media and methods 287 15.5 Organisation and logistics 288 15.6 Pre-testing elements of activities 289 Questions for discussion 290 Part 5 Organisational and Interorganisational Issues 291 16 Organisational management, learning and research 293 16.1 Co-ordination in organisations: the significance of ‘structure’ and ‘culture’ 293 16.2 Images of organisation and the nature of management 295 16.2.1 Organisations as machines/hard systems thinking 295 16.2.2 Organisations as organisms/functionalist systems thinking 296 16.2.3 Organisations as flux and transformation/soft systems thinking 297 16.2.4 Organisations as political systems/critical systems thinking 298 16.2.5 Organisations as brains or psychic prisons/cognitive or autopoietic systems thinking 299 16.2.6 Conclusion: the implications of different images 301 16.3 The importance of (re)formulating missions 301 16.3.1 Extension in crisis: the need for change and continuity 302 16.3.2 Organisational implications of a novel mission 303 16.4 The challenge of learning organisations: embracing tension 306 16.4.1 Looking for and creating tension: some practical hints 308 16.4.2 Creating opportunities and conducive conditions: practical hints 311 16.5 Organisational research, monitoring and evaluation 314 16.5.1 Why deviate from the conventional M&E terminology? 316 16.5.2 Key questions to ask in decision-oriented research 318 Questions for discussion 320 17 Agricultural knowledge and information systems 321 17.1 Knowledge and information systems thinking 321 17.2 Rapid Appraisal of Agricultural Knowledge Systems (RAAKS) 324 17.3 Networking in knowledge systems 326 Questions for discussion 328 18 Privatisation and the emergence of ‘knowledge markets’ 329 18.1 Economic theory and the commoditisation of knowledge 329 18.2 Public and private forms of financing communicative intervention 332 18.3 Privatisation in research 336 18.4 Initial observations regarding emerging knowledge markets 337 18.5 Reflections on the commoditisation of knowledge 345 Questions for discussion 349 19 Co-operation across scientific disciplines and epistemic communities 350 19.1 Methodological differences between the social and the natural sciences 350 19.2 What does cross-disciplinary co-operation entail? 354 19.3 Obstacles for cross-disciplinary co-operation 356 Questions for discussion 361 Part 6 Epilogue 363 20 Approaches and issues for further conceptual research 365 20.1 Overall focus: communication and processes of socio-technical design 365 20.2 The role of theory in formulating specific areas and questions for research 366 20.3 A note on research design and methodology: towards ‘comparative process ethnography’ 373 20.4 Process ethnography as network analysis 375 20.4.1 Classical network analysis: describing interaction patterns among human actors 376 20.4.2 Analysing networks of interrelated events 377 20.4.3 Looking at the building of networks of human and non-human ‘agents’ 378 20.4.4 Following knowledge constructs and perceptions in networks 380 20.4.5 Conclusion 381 Questions for discussion 381 References 382 Index 405

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Book SynopsisFishing is a major form of ecological disturbance to marine communities throughout the world. In the past, fisheries biologists have concentrated on the studying of the direct effects of fishing on stocks of target species and understanding the processes of recruitment. There is now a growing appreciation of the ecological implications of the wider effects of fishing activities on marine organisms and their habitats. Contributions include articles that consider the physical effects of fishing gears on the seabed; distribution of, and trends in fishing effort; ecological effects on benthic fauna; long-term community changes; the effects of food subsidies in the marine environment; interactions between fisheries and marine mammals; technical measures to reduce impacts of fisheries; conservation issues and priorities; socio-economic implications of wider fisheries impacts.Trade Review"This book is an important contribution to fishery science and management, as it clearly demonstrates the impacts of fishing on habitats and non-target organisms." Fish and FisheriesTable of ContentsIntroduction. Acknowledgements. Contributors.. PART 1: Distribution of Fishing Effort and Physical Interaction with the Seabed. 1. Spatial and temporal patterns in North Sea fishing effort (S. Jennings, K.J. Warr, S.P.R. Greenstreet and A.J. R. Cotter). 2. Physical impact of beam trawls on seabed sediments (R. Fonteyne). 3. Is bottom traw3ling partly responsible for the regression of Posidonia oceanica meadows in the Mediterranean Sea (G.D. Ardizzone, P. Tucci, A. Somaschini and A. Belluscio). PART 2: Effects of Fishing on Benthic Fauna and Habitats. 4. Fishing mortality of populations of megafauna in sandy sediments (M.J.N. Bergman and J.W. van Santbrink). 5. Effects of otter trawling on the benthos and environment in muddy sediments (B.Ball, B. Munday and I. Tuck). 6. The effects of scallop dredging on gravelly seabed communities (C. Bradsaw, L.O. Veale, A.S. Hill and A.R. Brand). 7. Impact of scallop dredging on maerl grounds (J.M. Hall-Spencer and P.G. Moore). PART 3: Fishing As A Source of Energy Subsidies. 8. The behavioural response of benthic scavengers to otter-trawling disturbance in the Mediterranean (M. Demestre, P. Sanchez and M.J. Kaiser). 9. Food subsidies generated by the beam-trawl fisher in the southern North Sea (M. Fonds and S. Groenewold). 10. Impact of trawling on populations of the invertebrate scavenger Asterias rubens (K. Ramsay, M.J. Kaiser, A.D. Rijnsdorp, J.A. Craeymeersch and J. Ellis). 11. Seabirds and commercial fisheries: population trends of piscivorous seabirds explained (C.J. Camphysen and S. Garthe). PART 4: Long-Term Changes Associated with Fishing. 12. Distribution of macrofauna in relation to the micro-distribution of trawling effort (J.A. Craeymeersch, G.J. Piet, A.D. Rijnsdorp and J. Buijs). 13. Long-term changes in North Sea Benthos: Discerning the role of fisheries (C.L. J. Frid and R.A. Clark). 14. Effects of fishing on non-target fish species (S.P.R. Greenstreet and S.I. Rogers). 15. Impacts of fishing on diversity: from pattern to process (S. Jennings and J.D. Reynolds). PART 5: Conservation Methods, Issues and Implications for Biodiversity. 16. Technical modifications to reduce the by-catches and impacts of bottom-fishing gears (B.van Marlen). 17. Fishing and cetacean by-catches (N.J.C. Tregenza). 18. Effects of fishing on non-targeted species and habitats: identifying key nature conservation issues (M.L. Tasker, P.A. Knapman and D. Laffoley). 19. The need for closed areas as conservation tools (H.J. Lindeboom). 20. No-take zones: a management context (J.W. Horwood). PART 6: Socio-Economic Implications and Mechanisms for Reducing the Impacts of Fisheries. 21. Economic incentives to discard by-catch in unregulated and individual transferable quotas fisheries (S. Pascoe). 22. Options for the reduction of by-catches of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the North Sea (J.M. McGlade and K.I. Metuzals). 23. Economic and sociocultural priorities for marine conservation (P.J. S. Jones). 24. Integrated management: the implications of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (D. Dymes). PART 7: Workshop Conclusions. 25. The implications of the effects of fishing on non-targeted species and habitats (M.J. Kaiser). Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisRecent decades have witnessed strong declines in fish stocks around the globe, amid growing concerns about the impact of fisheries on marine and freshwater biodiversity. Fisheries biologists and managers are therefore increasingly asking about aspects of ecology, behaviour, evolution and biodiversity that were traditionally studied by people working in very separate fields. This has highlighted the need to work more closely together, in order to help ensure future success both in management and conservation. The Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries has been written by an international team of scientists and practitioners, to provide an overview of the biology of freshwater and marine fish species together with the science that supports fisheries management and conservation. This volume, subtitled Fish Biology, reviews a broad variety of topics from evolutionary relationships and global biogeography to physiology, recrTrade Review"It is a nicely produced book that can be recommended without reservation to both aspiring and established fisheries biologists who wish to learn about modern ideas and findings concerning the biology of fish." Journal of Fish Biology, "...this work is useful as a current, state-of-the-art review source in its field." Library Journal "A must for any library maintaining holdings on fish, fisheries, fish management, or conservation. It is the best review of the state of the art available and should be mandatory review reading for fish managers everywhere." G L Hendrickson, Humboldt State University for CHOICE "...an excellent starting point for graduate students, and a good handbook to have in a reference collection that stresses fish biology and fisheries management." E-Streams "This will be an invaluable reference tool for students, researchers and practitioners working in the fields of fish biology and fisheries." Reference ReviewsTable of Contents1. Banishing Ignorance: Underpinning Fisheries with Basic Biology (P. J. B. Hart and J. D. Reynolds). 2. Phylogeny and Systematics of Fishes (A. C. Gill and R.D. Mooi). 3. Historical Biogeography of Fishes (R. D. Mooi and A. C. Gill). 4. The Physiology of Living in Water (O. Brix). 5. Environmental Factors and Rates of Development and Growth (M. Jobling). 6. Recruitment: Understanding Density-dependence in Fish Populations (R. A. Myers). 7. Life Histories of Fish (J. A. Hutchings). 8. Migration (J. Metcalfe, G. Arnold and R. McDowall). 9. Genetics of Fish Populations (R. D. Ward). 10. Behavioural Ecology of Reproduction in Fish (E. Forsgren, J. D. Reynolds and A. Berglund). 11. Fish Foraging and Habitat Choice: A Theoretical Perspective (G. G. Mittelbach). 12. Feeding Ecology of Piscivorous Fishes (F. Juanes, J. A. Buckel and F. S. Scharf). 13. Fish as Prey (J. Krause, E. M. A. Hensor and G. D. Ruxton). 14. Trophic Ecology and the Structure of Marine Food Webs (N. V.C. Polunin and J.K. Pinnegar). 15. Community Ecology of Freshwater Fishes (L. Persson). 16. Comparative Ecology of Marine Fish Communities (K. Martha M. Jones, D. G. Fitzgerald and P. F. Sale). 17. Interactions Between Fish, Parasites and Disease (I. Barber and R. Poulin)

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Book SynopsisGeostatistics for Estimating Fish Abundance J. Rivoirard, J. Simmonds, K. Foote, P. Fernandes and N. Bez Geostatistics is a branch of spatial statistics that was originally developed for the mining industry. The technique is now widely recognised as an important tool for the estimation of the abundance and distribution of natural resources.Trade Review"... a significant contribution towards better understanding, and hopefully more sustainable management, of our global fish resources." Fish and FisheriesTable of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Data Collection and Preparation. 2.1 Survey Design. 2.2 Measurement of Fish Density. 2.3 Preparation of Data for Analysis. 3 Geostatistical Methods. 3.1 Introduction: Basic Hypotheses. 3.2 Structural Analysis. 3.3 Global Abundance, Variance and Mapping. 4. Case Studies. 4.1 Herring in a Fjord System: Acoustic Survey. 4.2 Young fish Surveys. 4.3 North Sea Herring Acoustic Surveys. 4.4 North Sea Herring Acoustic Survey Trawl Data. 4.5 Code in the Barents Sea in Autumn: Trawl Survey. 4.6 Blue Whiting on the Continental Shelf Slop in Spring: Acoustic Survey. 5. Simulations Studies. 5.1 Robustness of Variography. 5.2 An Investigation into the Effect of Fish Movement on Abundance, Variography and Variance Derived from Surveys. 5.3 Comparison of Some Survey Designs. 6. Recommendations and Guidelines. 6.1 Recommendations on Survey Design. 6.2 Scope of Geostatistical Techniques. 6.3 Guidelines. Bibliography. Appendix A Brief Guide to Literature. Appendix B Review of Geostatistical Computer Survey. Index.

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Book SynopsisFrom enhancing the flavour of food to providing a substrate for fermentation, sugar is renowned worldwide for its importance as a commodity. For many centuries sugarcane has been cultivated and developed, and we now have a huge range of crop varieties.Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. An Introduction to Sugercane. The origins and spread of sugarcane; Movement and development of the noble canes; The ancestry of cultivated sugarcane; The early commercial cane varieties; The botany of sugarcane; Cultivation of sugarcane; The production of sugar; Research; Developments in the twentieth century; References. Plant Improvement of Sugarcane. Introduction; Germplasm; Cross-pollination; Selection; Breeding objectives; Future options; Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References. Diseases. Introduction; Principles of disease control in sugarcane; Selection of varieties for disease resistance; Fungal diseases; Bacterial diseases; Viral diseases; Phytoplasmal diseases; References. Pests of sugarcane. Introduction; Stalk borers; Soil pests; Sap feeders; Leaf feeders; Vertebrate pests of sugarcane; References. Sugarcane Agriculture. Introduction; Systems of cultivation; Yield; Ratoons and ratooning; Land preperation; Seedcane production; Planting; Ratoon management; Weed control in sugarcane; Irrigation and drainage; References. Sugarcane Agronomy. Soil management problems; Site selection; Clearing; Planning and layout; Field design; Land preperation; Nurseries; Commercial planting; Crop management; Crop control; Harvest; Field factors and cane quality; Ratooning; Monoculture; Specialty crops; Inter-cropping; Basic economics; References. Harvest Management. Pre-harvest burning; Green cane harvesting; To burn or not to burn; Unplanned cane fires; Fire control measures; Fire control equipment; Reaping and transport; Cane storage; Co-ordination and control of harvesting; References. Cane Payment Systems. Introduction; Different types of cane payments systems; Payment for which sugar products?; Incentives to improve technical performance; Sampling and testing of cane; Systems based on the average quality of growers' cane; Incentives to expand production; Impact on incentives for different socio-economic groups; Recent performance of cane payment systems; Conclusion. Project Planning. Introduction; The role of the consultant; Pre-feasibility study; Feasibility study; Further reading. Author Index. Subject Index

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Book SynopsisThis manual provides comprehensive coverage of the biology, culture methods and uses of live prey species in aquaculture. These species , which includes shrimps, algae and copepods, are cultured and fed to fish mainly in marine culture systems.Trade Review"Overall, this book is a good reference source and will be a useful addition to the shelves, not only for aquaculturists but also for applied phycologists." (Journal of Applied Phycology) "This book is recommended to everyone involved in the production or use of live feed in aquaculture." (Aquaculture Research) "A comprehensive publication on the culture and use of live feeds in marine aquaculture is quite timely.... Live Feeds in Marine Aquaculture not only provides an excellent summary of the use of traditional live food organisms, it also presents a considerable amount of information on organisms that have more recently come into prominence...The book provides an excellent review of the topic and contains a considerable amount of how-to information." (World Aquaculture) "Live Feeds in Marine Aquaculture is a book perfectly targeted to fill an important gap in education and research in a specialism that has grown hugely over recent years... I would recommend this book most highly for anyone interested in marine aquaculture." (Aquaculature News) "Live Feeds in Marine Aquaculture is an essential purchase for anyone involved in marine aquaculture, including fish farmers, researchers and personnel in feed and equipment companies supplying the aquaculture trade. An extremely valuable tool as a reference and practical manual for students and professionals alike." (International Aquafeed, November 2005)Table of Contents1. Status of marine aquaculture in relation to live prey: past, present and future. 1.1 An historical perspective. 1.2 Marine aquaculture today and in the future. 1.3 The status of larviculture and live feed usage. 1.4 Why is live feed necessary? 1.5 Problems and prospects with alternatives to live feed. 1.6 Conclusions. 1.7 References. 2. Production and nutritional value of rotifers. 2.1 General introduction. 2.2 Biology and morphological characteristics of rotifers. 2.2.1 General biology. 2.2.2 Taxonomy. 2.2.2.1 The genus Brachionus. 2.2.3 Morphology and physiology. 2.2.3.1 Feeding. 2.2.3.2 Digestion. 2.2.3.3 Body fluids and excretion. 2.2.3.4 Movement. 2.2.3.5 Nervous system and sensory organs. 2.2.4 Reproduction. 2.2.4.1 Asexual and sexual reproduction. 2.2.4.2 Reproductive rates. 2.2.4.3 Sexual reproduction and resting egg formation. 2.3. Culturing rotifers. 2.3.1. Selection of species and/or strain. 2.3.2 Maintaining water quality in culture tanks. 2.3.2.1 Organic particles. 2.3.2.2 Bacteria and other organisms in the culture tanks. 2.3.3. Choosing the most appropriate culture techniques. 2.3.3.1. Small-scale laboratory cultures. 2.3.3.2. Mass cultures. 2.4. Advanced warning on state of cultures. 2.4.1 Egg ratio. 2.4.2 Swimming velocity. 2.4.3 Ingestion rate. 2.4.4 Viscosity. 2.4.5 Enzyme activity. 2.4.6 Diseases. 2.5. Nutritional quality of rotifers. 2.5.1 Number of rotifers consumed by larvae. 2.5.2 Dry weight and caloric value. 2.5.3 Biochemical composition. 2.5.3.1 Protein and carbohydrate contents. 2.5.3.2 Lipid composition. 2.5.3.3 Vitamin enrichments. 2.5.4 Effect of starvation. 2.6. Preserved rotifers. 2.6.1. Preservation at low temperatures. 2.6.2 Cryopreservation. 2.6.3 Resting eggs. 2.7. Future directions. 2. 8. References. 3. Biology, tank production and nutritional value of Artemia. 3.1. Introduction. 3.2. Biology of Artemia. 3.2.1. Morphology and life cycle. 3.2.2. Ecology and natural distribution. 3.2.3. Taxonomy. 3.2.4. Strain-specific characteristics. 3.2.4.1 Size and energy content. 3.2.4.2 Hatching quality. 3.2.4.3 Diapause characteristics. 3.2.4.4 Growth rate of nauplii. 3.2.4.5 Temperature and salinity tolerance. 3.2.4.6 Life history traits and reproductive capacity. 3.2.4.7 Nutritional value. 3.2.5. Cyst biology and diapause. 3.2.5.1. Cyst morphology and physiology. 3.2.5.2. Cyst metabolism and hatching. 3.2.5.3. Diapause. 3.3. Production methods. 3.3.1. Tank production of Artemia biomass. 3.3.1.1 Advantages of tank production and tank produced biomass. 3.3.1.2. Physico-chemical conditions. 3.3.1.3. Artemia strain selection and culture density. 3.3.1.4. Feeding. 3.3.1.5. Infrastructure. 3.3.1.6. Culture techniques. 3.3.1.7. Control of infections. 3.3.1.8. Harvest and processing of cultured Artemia. 3.3.1.9. Production figures of intensive Artemia cultures. 3.4 Biochemical composition. 3.4.1. Proximate composition. 3.4.2. Lipids. 3.4.3. Proteins. 3.4.4. Vitamins. 3.5. Applications of Artemia. 3.5.1 The future use of Artemia in aquaculture. 3.5.2. Hatching. 3.5.3. Harvesting hatched nauplii. 3.5.4. Decapsulation. 3.5.5. Enrichment. 3.5.6. Cold storage. 3.5.7. Use of juvenile and adult Artemia. 3.6. References. 4. Production, harvest and processing of Artemia from natural lakes. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Pond production of Artemia cysts and biomass. 4.2.1. Permanent solar salt operations. 4.2.2. Seasonal units. 4.2.3. Site selection. 4.2.4. Pond adaptation. 4.2.5. Pond preparation. 4.2.6. Artemia inoculation. 4.2.7. Monitoring and managing the culture system. 4.3. Artemia harvesting and processing technique. 4.3.1. Harvesting techniques. 4.3.2. Processing techniques. 4.4. Artemia cyst harvesting and processing techniques. 4.4.1 Harvesting techniques. 4.4.2 Brine processing. 4.4.3 Freshwater processing. 4.4.4 Drying. 4.4.5 Pre-packaging, packaging and storage. 4.6 References. 5. Production and nutritional value of copepods. 5.1 General introduction. 5.2 Biology. 5.2.1. General characteristics. 5.2.1.1 Calanoida. 5.2.1.2 Harpacticoida. 5.2.1.3 Cyclopoida. 5.2.2 Copepod morphology and physiology. 5.2.1.1. Digestive system. 5.2.1.2. Circulatory system. 5.2.1.3. Nervous system. 5.2.1.4. Reproductive system. 5.2.2. Reproduction. 5.2.3. Resting or diapause eggs. 5.2.4. Development, size and growth. 5.2.4.1. Life cycle. 5.2.4.2. Mortality. 5.2.4.3. Size. 5.2.4.4. Generation time. 5.2.5. Feeding, food quality and food availability. 5.2.5.1. Calanoids - feeding. 5.2.5.2. Calanoids - ingestion rates. 5.2.5.3. Calanoids - egg production. 5.2.5.4. Harpacticoids - feeding. 5.2.5.5. Harpacticoids - egg production. 5.2.5.6. Calanoids - feeding. 5.3. Production methods. 5.3.1. Extensive and outdoor cultures. 5.3.1.1. Harvest of wild zooplankton. 5.3.1.2. Production in enclosed fjords or sea areas. 5.3.1.3. Production in outdoor ponds or large tanks. 5.3.2. Intensive culture of copepods. 5.3.2.1. Calanoids. 5.3.2.2. Harpacticoids. 5.3.2.3. Cyclopoids. 5.4. Biochemical composition. 5.5. Nutritional value for fish larvae. 5.6. Application in marine aquaculture. 5.7. References. The microalgae of aquaculturegae of aquaculture. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2. Biology of microalgae. 6.2.1. General characteristics of microalgae. 6.2.2. Growth. 6.2.3. Substrates of photoautotrophy. 6.2.3.1. Light. 6.2.3.2. Mineral nutrients. 6.2.4. Substrates of heterotrophy. 6.2.5. Other factors affecting growth. 6.2.5.1. Temperature. 6.2.5.2. Salinity. 6.2.5.3. Metabolites. 6.2.5.4. pH. 6.2.5.5. Mixing. 6.3. Biochemical composition of microalgae. 6.3.1. Gross biochemical composition. 6.3.2. Vitamins. 6.3.3. Sterols. 6.3.3.1. Bacillariophyceae. 6.3.3.2. Prymnesiophycae. 6.3.3.3. Prasinophyceae. 6.3.3.4. Cryptophyceae. 6.3.4. Fatty acids. 6.3.4.1. Bacillariophyceae. 6.3.4.2. Prymnesiophycae. 6.3.4.3. Prasinophyceae. 6.3.4.4. Chlorophyceae. 6.3.4.5. Cryptophyceae. 6.3.4.6. Eustigmatophyceae. 6.4. Production methods for aquacultural microalgae. 6.4.1. State of the art of microalgal production techniques in hatcheries. 6.4.1.1. Asepsis and quality controls. 6.4.1.2. Culture medium and temperature. 6.4.1.3. Running the cultures. 6.4.1.4. Efficiency. 6.4.2. Methods of improvement. 6.4.2.1. Continuous cultures. 6.4.2.2. The increase in production yields. 6.4.3. Heterotrophic production. 6.4.4. Discussion. 6.4.5. References. 7. Uses of microalgae in aquaculture. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2. Microalgae as food for molluscs. 7.2.1. Microalgae as potential food source in mollusc hatcheries. 7.2.1.1. Size. 7.2.1.2. Digestibility. 7.2.1.3. Nutritional value: biochemical composition of microalgae. 7.2.1.4. Microalgae bulk production. 7.2.2. Microalgal requirements in mollusc hatcheries. 7.2.2.1. Feeding broodstock. 7.2.2.2. Feeding larvae. 7.2.2.3. Feeding spat. 7.2.3. Microalgal substitutes for bivalve feeding. 7.3. Microalgae as food for shrimp. 7.3.1. Development of penaeid shrimp. 7.3.2. Selection of algal species used for rearing shrimp larvae. 7.3.3. Ingestion and filtration rates for shrimp larvae fed microalgae. 7.3.4. Nutrient supply from algae in relation to larval shrimp requirements. 7.3.4.1. Substitution of spray-dried algae or microparticulate compound diets for live algae. 7.3.5. Other roles of algae in shrimp larval growth. 7.3.6. Feeding microalgae to shrimp juveniles and adults. 7.4. Microalgae as food for live prey. 7.4.1. Feding live prey with live algae. 7.4.2. Nutritional value of algae for live prey. 7.4.2.1. Proteins and proximate composition. 7.4.2.2. Fatty acids. 7.4.2.3. Other lipid components. 7.4.3. Vitamins. 7.4.4. Minerals. 7.4.5. Influence of algae on live feed and larval microbiology. 7.4.6. Substitutes for live microalgae. 7.5. Importance of microalgae in marine finfish larviculture. 7.5.1. Range of microalgal action. 7.5.2. Effects on endotrophic larval stages. 7.5.3. Effects on the yolk-sac drinking stage. 7.5.3.1. Drinking and ingestion of dissolved organics. 7.5.3.2. Ingestion of microalgae. 7.5.3.3. Digestion and assimilation of microalgae. 7.5.4. Resistance to delay in first zooplanktonic feeding. 7.5.5. Process and efficiency of first feeding. 7.5.6. Effect on survival and growth efficiency at first feeding. 7.5.7. Simulation of digestive functions and gut flora. 7.5.8. Effects on early exotrophic larvae. 7.5.9. Indirect effects of mircoalgae on larvae. 7.5.10. Future developments. 7.6. References.

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Book SynopsisLivestock biodiversity is integral to our culture, history, environment, economy and, most importantly, our future. Thousands of livestock breeds, from relatively small genetic pools, have evolved over time to suit particular environments and farming systems.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Introduction. PART 1: THE NATURE OF LIVESTOCK BIODIVERSITY. 1. Biology of Domestication. 2. Origin and Differentiation of Breeds. PART 2: THE UTILIZATION OF LIVESTOCK BIODIVERSITY. 3. Ecological Adaptations of Breeds. 4. Crossbreeding and Coadaptation. 5. Livestock Biodiversity and Sustainable Development. PART 3: THE ASSESSMENT OF LIVESTOCK BIODIVERSITY. 6. Global Status of Livestock Biodiversity. 7. Characterization of Livestock Biodiversity. PART 4: THE CONSERVATION OF LIVESTOCK BIODIVERSITY. 8. Management, Organization and Policy. 9. Conserving Specific Breeds. PART 5: CONCLUSIONS. Appendix. References. Subject Index. Country & Breed Index.

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Book SynopsisPest and Disease Management Handbook updates the 3rd edition of the Pest and Disease Control Handbook (1989). The structure of this important new book differs in several respects, acknowledging the advances that have been made in integrated crop management and the trends towards the more rational use of pesticides.Trade ReviewAslib Book Guide, Nov 2001: "Of great value to those concerned with the agrochemical industry, crop protection, entomologists and students studying such topics."Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. Abbreviations. 1. Principles of pest and disease management in crop protection. 2. Pests and diseases of cereals. 3. Pests and diseases of oilseeds, brassica seed crops and field beans. 4. Pests and diseases of forage and amenity grass and fodder crops. 5. Pests and diseases of potatoes. 6. Pests and diseases of sugar beet. 7. Pests and diseases of field vegetables. 8. Pests and diseases of fruit and hops. 9. Pests and diseases of protected vegetables and mushrooms. 10. Pests and diseases of protected ornamental flowering crops. 11. Pests and diseases of outdoor ornamentals including hardy nursery stock. 12. Pests and diseases of outdoor bulbs and corms. Selected Bibliography and further reading. Glossary. Pest index. Disease, pathogen and disorder index. General index

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Book SynopsisCoffee: Recent Developments Edited by R.J. Clarke and O.G. Vitzthum Coffee, one of the most commercially important crops grown, is distributed and traded globally in a multi--million dollar world industry. This exciting new book brings together in one volume the most important recent developments affecting the crop.Trade Review?The editors of Coffee: Recent Developments have drawn together a comprehensive and extremely important book that should be on the shelves of all those involved in coffee.? ( Café Culture, September 2009)Table of ContentsPreface; List of Contributors; Chemistry I: Non-volatile compounds; Chemistry II: Non-volatile compounds; Chemistry III: Volatile compounds; Technology I: Roasting; Technology II: Decaffeination of coffee; Technology III: Instant Coffee: Technology IV: Beverage preparation; Health effects and safety considerations; Agronomy I: Coffee breeding Practices; Agronomy II: Developmental and cell biology; Agronomy III: Molecular Biology; Appendices: International Standards Organization (ISO); International Coffee Organization (ICO); Units and Numerals; Index

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Book Synopsisaeo comprehensive text, written by international experts aeo of huge importance to the aquaculture feed industry aeo definitive reference source for many years into the future.Trade Review"... active researchers and members of the aquaculture industry will find a personal copy invaluable." Fish and Fisheries "This important book, which has arisen out of a European Union COST programme, illustrates how insights into the biological and environmental factors that underlie the feeding responses of fish. Food Intake in Fish contains carefully edited contributions from internationally recognised scientists, providing a book that is an invaluable tool and reference to all those involved in aquaculture." International Aquafeed, November 2005Table of ContentsList of Contributors v Preface xvii 1 Feed Composition and Analysis 1 Malcolm Jobling 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Nutrient classes 1 1.2.1 Proteins 2 1.2.2 Lipids 4 1.2.3 Carbohydrates 6 1.2.4 Vitamins 9 1.2.5 Minerals 10 1.3 Analysis of feeds and feedstuffs 10 1.3.1 Protein analysis 13 1.3.2 Lipid analysis 14 1.3.3 Automated methods of analysis 14 1.4 Nutrient availability and feed evaluation 15 1.4.1 Nutrient absorption and digestibility 16 1.4.2 Growth trials and biological evaluation 18 1.5 Concluding comments 20 1.6 References 21 2 Feed Types, Manufacture and Ingredients 25 Malcolm Jobling, Emidio Gomes and Jorges Dias 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Feed types 25 2.3 Manufacture of dry feeds 26 2.3.1 Compressed pellets 29 2.3.2 Expanded pellets 29 2.3.3 Extruded pellets 29 2.3.4 Special types of feeds 30 2.4 Feed ingredients 31 2.4.1 Protein sources of animal origin 31 2.4.2 Single-cell proteins (SCPs) 33 2.4.3 Antinutritional factors (ANFs) 34 2.4.4 Plant protein sources 35 2.4.5 Lipid sources 36 2.4.6 Other ingredients 37 2.5 Feed characteristics and feed acceptability 37 2.6 Concluding comments 40 2.7 References 42 3 Techniques for Measuring Feed Intake 49 Malcolm Jobling, Denis Covès, Børge Damsgård, Henrik R. Kristiansen, Juha Koskela, Thuridur E. Petursdottir, Sunil Kadri and Olafur Gudmundsson 3.1 Introduction 49 3.2 Stomach contents analysis 49 3.2.1 Technical aspects 50 3.2.2 Applications and limitations 53 3.3 Dyestuffs and chemical markers 55 3.3.1 Technical aspects 55 3.3.2 Applications and limitations 57 3.4 Direct observation and video recording 58 3.4.1 Technical aspects 58 3.4.2 Applications and limitations 61 3.5 On-demand feeder with feed waste monitor 62 3.5.1 Technical aspects 62 3.5.2 Applications and limitations 63 3.6 X-Radiography 67 3.6.1 Technical aspects 67 3.6.2 Applications and limitations 69 3.7 General discussion 74 3.8 References 76 4 Experimental Design in Feeding Experiments 88 Kari Ruohonen, Juhani Kettunen and Jonathan King 4.1 Introduction 88 4.2 How does one design an experiment? 89 4.3 The structural model equation 92 4.4 Sums of squares 93 4.5 Evaluation of the experimental design 93 4.6 The compromise 95 4.7 Sensitivity analysis 97 4.8 Nuisance variables and ways of controlling them 98 4.9 Adding extra factors: why do it and what considerations are necessary? 99 4.10 Measuring individual feed intake – what are the benefits? 100 4.11 What can be done when life becomes more complicated? 103 4.12 Conclusions 106 4.13 References 106 5 Gustation and Feeding Behaviour 108 Charles F. Lamb 5.1 Introduction 108 5.2 Peripheral gustatory sensation 108 5.3 Gustatory pathways in the central nervous system 114 5.4 Taste and feeding behaviours 120 5.5 Conclusions 123 5.6 Acknowledgements 123 5.7 References 124 6 Environmental Factors and Feed Intake: Mechanisms and Interactions 131 Patrick Kestemont and Etienne Baras 6.1 Introduction 131 6.2 Abiotic factors 132 6.2.1 Light 132 6.2.2 Temperature 135 6.2.3 Other physical factors 137 6.2.4 Chemical factors 138 6.3 Biotic factors 141 6.3.1 Stocking density 141 6.3.2 Social structure 142 6.3.3 Predators 143 6.3.4 Human disturbance 144 6.4 Conclusions 145 6.5 References 145 7 Environmental Factors and Feed Intake: Rearing Systems 157 Marie-Laure Bégout Anras, Marilyn Beauchaud, Jon-Erik Juell, Denis Covès and Jean-Paul Lagardère 7.1 Introduction 157 7.2 Feed intake of fish in pond systems 158 7.2.1 Pond characteristics 158 7.2.2 Variability of environmental factors 159 7.2.3 Variations in feed intake in relation to pond environment 162 7.3 Feed intake in fish cages 166 7.3.1 Feed intake in a complex, semi-controlled environment 166 7.3.2 Environmental variation and feeding activity 167 7.3.3 Daily and seasonal feeding patterns 170 7.3.4 Cage management practices 170 7.4 Feed intake in tanks 171 7.4.1 Tank culture systems 172 7.4.2 Environmental variation and feeding activity 173 7.4.3 Tank management practices and possibility of control 175 7.5 Conclusions 177 7.6 References 177 8 Feeding Rhythms 189 Juan Antonio Madrid, Thierry Boujard and F. Javier Sánchez-Vázquez 8.1 Introduction 189 8.2 Feeding rhythms: descriptions and examples 191 8.2.1 Diel rhythms 191 8.2.2 Tidal and lunar rhythms 194 8.2.3 Annual rhythms 195 8.3 Other sources of variability in feeding rhythms 199 8.4 Regulation of feeding rhythms 200 8.4.1 Endogenous control 200 8.5 Conclusions 208 8.6 References 209 9 Feeding Anticipatory Activity 216 F. Javier Sánchez-Vázquez and Juan Antonio Madrid 9.1 Introduction 216 9.1.1 What is feeding anticipatory activity? 216 9.1.2 Biological significance 217 9.1.3 Characteristics of feeding anticipatory activity 218 9.1.4 Behavioural variables showing feeding anticipatory activity 219 9.2 Models to explain anticipation to feeding 221 9.2.1 External versus internal origin 221 9.2.2 Self-sustained feeding-entrainable oscillator (FEO) 222 9.3 Synchronising stimulus for feeding entrainment 224 9.4 Applications 225 9.4.1 Temporal integration 225 9.4.2 Anticipation of meals as an indicator of fish appetite 227 9.4.3 Distribution of fish 227 9.5 Conclusions 228 9.6 References 229 10 Effects of Feeding Time on Feed Intake and Growth 233 Valérie Bolliet, Mezian Azzaydi and Thierry Boujard 10.1 Introduction 233 10.2 Effect of feeding time on growth 234 10.2.1 Finding the optimal feeding time: a problem of dualism? 236 10.3 Effect of feeding time on feed intake and nutrient utilisation 237 10.4 Mechanisms involved in mediating the effects of feeding time on nutrient utilisation 237 10.4.1 Effect of feeding time on endocrine cycles 240 10.5 Feeding time and flesh quality 241 10.6 Conclusions 242 10.7 References 244 11 Effects of Nutritional Factors and Feed Characteristics on Feed Intake 250 Manuel de la Higuera 11.1 Introduction 250 11.2 Physical characteristics and feed intake 250 11.3 Dietary nutrients and sources affecting feed intake 251 11.4 Nutrient selection 255 11.5 Feeding stimulants 257 11.5.1 Feeding stimulants and fish nutrition 260 11.6 Deterrent compounds 261 11.7 Conclusions: feed acceptance and palatability studies 262 11.8 References 262 12 Regulation of Food Intake by Neuropeptides and Hormones 269 Nuria de Pedro and Björn Thrandur Björnsson 12.1 Introduction 269 12.2 Inhibitory peptides 269 12.2.1 Corticotrophin-releasing factor 269 12.2.2 Bombesin 271 12.2.3 Cholecystokinin 272 12.3 Stimulatory peptides 274 12.3.1 Galanin 274 12.3.2 Opioid peptides 275 12.3.3 Neuropeptide Y 278 12.4 Hormones 280 12.4.1 Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) 280 12.4.2 Hormones regulating metabolism 282 12.5 Conclusions 284 12.6 Acknowledgements 284 12.7 References 285 13 Physiological Effects of Feeding 297 Chris Carter, Dominic Houlihan, Anders Kiessling, Francoise Médale and Malcolm Jobling 13.1 Introduction 297 13.2 Different methods of feeding 298 13.3 Short-term effects of a meal 299 13.4 Tissue metabolic physiology 300 13.5 Whole-animal metabolic physiology 303 13.5.1 Respiration and excretion 303 13.5 2 Protein turnover 305 13.6 Long-term effects of food intake 305 13.6.1 Protein intake, synthesis and growth 307 13.7 Amino acid flux model: food intake and amino acid flux 308 13.8 Biochemical correlates of food intake 309 13.9 Effects on body composition and growth efficiency 311 13.10 Physiological effects and the regulation of food intake 316 13.11 References 319 14 Feeding Management 332 Anders Alanärä, Sunil Kadri and Mihalis Paspatis 14.1 Introduction 332 14.2 Feed planning and production plans 332 14.3 Estimating growth 337 14.4 Variation in feed intake 338 14.4.1 Temporal variation 339 14.4.2 Seasonal variation 340 14.5 Distribution of feed 341 14.5.1 Number of meals and feeding rate 341 14.5.2 Diel timing of feeding 342 14.5.3 Feed dispersal 343 14.6 Feeding techniques 344 14.6.1 Hand-feeding 344 14.6.2 Fixed feed ration systems 345 14.6.3 Demand feeding systems 345 14.6.4 The combined use of feeding techniques 347 14.7 References 347 15 Nutrient Partitioning and the Influence of Feed Composition on Body Composition 354 Malcolm Jobling 15.1 Introduction 354 15.2 Morphometrics and relationships among chemical components 355 15.3 Patterns of lipid deposition and storage 358 15.4 Temporal changes in body composition 361 15.5 Muscle (fillet) composition and factors that influence ‘quality’ 365 15.6 Concluding comments 371 15.7 References 371 Glossary of Terms 377 Index 415

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Book SynopsisThis important title encompasses features of genetic processes in complexly organised population systems of salmonids, one of the most commercially valuable families of fish worldwide. Translated from the original work in Russian, the authors have taken the opportunity to update and revise the work, much of it appearing in the English language for the first time. Covering such important concepts as optimal gene diversity and the unfavourable influence of fishery and hatchery reproduction on the genetic structure of salmon populations, the authors have drawn together a huge wealth of information that will form the cornerstone of much new work in the future. The authors of Salmonid Fishes have between them many years of research experience and practical knowledge in the area and the English translation of this important work, which has been edited by Professor John Thorpe and Professor Gary Carvalho, provides vital information for all those involved in salmonid managemenTable of ContentsSeries Foreword. Preface. Introduction. 1. The Theoretical Principles of Population Genetics. 2. Natural History, Biology and Demography of Salmonids. 3. Genetic Polymorphism of Proteins and Nucleic Acids. 4. Genetic Dynamics and Stability of a Population System. 5. The Role of Balancing Selection in the Maintenance of Biochemical Polymorphisms in Salmonid Populations. 6. Genetic Variability in Different Levels of Intraspecific Population Hierarchy. 7. Consequences of Anthropogenic Impacts on Salmonid Populations Genetic and Biological Monitoring. Summary. References. Subject Index. Author Index. Index of Latin Names.

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Book Synopsisaeo the definitive work on the subject aeo prawn culture is an expanding multibillion dollar business aeo increasing competition and environmental problems demand the most up--to--date scientific know--how aeo edited by world authorities, with contributions from distinguished experts.Trade Review" Both the editors and the authors deserve our highest compliments. The editors specifically also for composing this work: with their own contributions, and by bringing together the very best authors in the field, they have produced a truly marvellous book." Crustaceana "...this collecting of information from a variety of sources is invaluable. The result is that the editors have been successful in putting together a comprehensive volume relating to topics relevant to the culture of freshwater prawn" Aquaculture International "The book surely provides the reader with almost everything they need to know about this vital subject." Fishing Boat World "The book is exceptionally well designed and organized, making for very easy reading. This is no doubt the best up-to-date book I have seen on the subject of prawn farming." Aquaculture MagazineTable of ContentsPreface. Contributors. Acknowledgements. 1 History and Global Status of Freshwater Prawn Farming. 2 Nomenclature and Taxonomy. 3 Biology. 4 Broodstock Management. 5 Flow-through Hatchery Systems and Management. 6 Recirculation Hatchery Systems and Management. 7 Larval Prawn Feeds and the Dietary Importance of Artemia. 8. Nursery Systems and Management. 9. Grow-out System- Site Selection and Pond Construction. 10 Grow-out Systems- Monoculture. 11. Grow-out Systems- Culture in Temperate Zones. 12. Grow-out Systems- Polyculture and Integrated Culture. 13. Nutrition, Feeds and Feeding. 14 Grow-out Systems- Water Quality and Soil Management. 15. Health Management. 16. Biology and Management of Size Variation. 17. Commercial Freshwater Prawn Farming Around the World. 18. Post-harvest Handling and Processing. 19. Marketing and Preparation for Consumption. 20. Economics & Business Management. 21 Culture of Other Prawn Species. 22. Prawn Capture Fisheries and Enhancement. 23. Sustainability of Freshwater Prawn Culture. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe percid fishes (or perch family) comprise many species including the perch, pikeperch, yellow perch, walleye and the darters. These species are of great ecological and economic importance, being important components of the freshwater ecosystem and recreational and commercial fisheries. Percid Fishes covers aspects such as systematics, morphology, biology, ecology, diseases and parasites and the economic importance of percid fisheries. Special emphasis is placed within the book on the complex relationship between this family of fishes and their environment and how they respond to perturbations, especially those induced by humans. The author, John Craig who has a great deal of experience working on these fishes in many of the countries in which they occur, has drawn together an extremely important book which provides a unique, comprehensive and indispensable review of this most significant group of fish.Trade Review"I am sure that this book, like its predecessor, will quickly become the standard text on percids... Teachers of fish biology, ecology and fisheries management will also find it an invaluable source of classic and contemporary material" Fish and FisheriesTable of ContentsSeries Forward; Preface; Taxonomy and Distribution; Morphology and Anatomy; Age, Growth and Mortality; Reproduction and Development; Food and Feeding; Ionic and Water Balance; Swimming, Movements and Migrations; Parasites and Diseases; Population Dynamics and Community Structure; Fisheries and Economic Importance; Aquaculture; Etheostomatinae; Other Percinae and Luicopercinae; References; Index

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Book SynopsisResearch on the large array of tropical estuarine fishes has increased markedly in recent years and hence scientific knowledge about most aspects of these important fishes'' biology and ecology is now catching up with that of their temperate equivalents. This landmark book draws together a vast wealth of information on tropical estuarine fishes and provides a vital reference point for all aspects of their study. The book''s comprehensive contents include thorough coverage of the types and distribution of these fishes, their diversity and the environmental conditions and communities in which they live. Full details of their biology and ecology are an integral part of this book, as are details of these fishes'' dependence on estuaries, man''s interaction with the estuarine fish community and the conservation of estuarine species and the often threatened habitats upon which they depend. The author, Stephen Blaber, has a vast wealth of experience in the subject areas covered by tTrade Review"...any student or scientist working on tropical estuarine (or coastal) fishes must have this book." Fish and Fisheries "My reading indicates that this book will be a valuable reference for those interested in the current status of tropical estuarine systems and our knowledge of them. The book will also serve as a benchmark against which to measure future negative impacts and conservation efforts." CopeiaTable of ContentsSeries Foreword. Preface and Acknowledgements. 1. Scope and Definitions. 2. The Diversity of tropical Estuaries. 3. Fish Faunas and Communities. 4. Trophic Ecology. 5. Reproductive Strategies. 6. Effects of Structure and Hydrology. 7. Mangroves and Estuarine Dependence. 8. Estuarine Fisheries. 9. Effects of Fishing. 10. Effects of Industry and Agriculture. 11. Conservation, Rehabilitation and Climate Change. References. Taxonomic Index. Geographic Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisMites (Acari) for Pest Control is an extremely comprehensive publication, covering in depth the 34 acarine families that contain mites useful for the control of pest mites and insects, nematodes and weeds.Table of ContentsIntroduction; History and current work; the Acari; Illustrated keys to ABA families; Treatment of individual families; Introduction, culture and establishment; Sex ratio of ABAs and its effect on mass-rearing, establishment and field performance; Influence of host plants and host pests on the efficacy of ABAs; Mutual interference between ABAs and natural enemies of ABAs; The effect of pesticides on ABAs; Acarine biocontrol agents as predators; Attributes of efficient ABAs and demonstrating their efficacy; Environmental constraints in the use of ABAs; Economics and commercial aspects; Recommendations for future work; References; Glossary.

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Book Synopsisaeo A full understanding of early life history of fishes is vital to the study of the areas of fish biology, fisheries & aquaculture aeo Brimming with information from recent research aeo User--friendly, highly illustrated and well--written aeo The editors and authors offer the reader a vast wealth of knowledge on this important subject.Trade Review"This textbook is interesting and informative, and provides an excellent body of material that could be used to supplement other resources. In addition Fishery Science is invaluable as the only existing text on the early life-stages od development." Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2003. "Overall this book is a valuable contribution. It provides a basis for individual university courses and a reference and background for postgraduate studies as well as for active fisheries scientists." Steve Coombs, Journal of Fish Biology, 2003. "the book will be a most useful sourcebook for students of fishery science, and also for teachers wishing to include more information about the early life stages in their fish biology courses." Malcolm Jobling, Aquaculture International, 2003. "Most comprehensive texts on fishery science will say something about the egg and larval states, but leave out a lot of the scientific and methodological detail. This book fills the gaps and will allow students to obtain a deeper grasp, both of egg and larval biology and of fishery science...Teachers of fishery science will find this book a very useful supplement to their course literature." Paul J. B. Hart, Fish and Fisheries, 2003.Table of ContentsContributors. Preface. 1 Special Considerations of Fish Eggs and Larvae. 2 Age and Growth. 3 Mortality. 4 Recruitment. 5 Population Analysis. 6 Cohort Identification. 7 Habitat Requirements. 8 Assemblages, Communities, and Species Interactions. 9 Fishery Management. 10 Human Impacts. 11 Case Studies: Resurgence and Decline of the Japanese Sardine Population. Cascading Effects of Human Impacts on Fish Populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Understanding Conservation Issues of the Danube River. 12 Methodological Resources. Appendix. Literature Cited. Subject Index. Taxonomic Index

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Book SynopsisWeed Management Handbook updates the 8th edition of Weed Control Handbook (1990). The change in the title and contents of the book from previous editions reflects both the current emphasis on producing crops in a sustainable and environmentally-friendly manner, and the new weed management challenges presenting themselves. This landmark publication contains cutting edge chapters, each written by acknowledged experts in their fields and carefully drawn together and edited by Professor Robert Naylor, known and respected world-wide for his knowledge of the area. The sequence of chapters included reflects a progression from the biology of weeds, through the underpinning science and technology relating to weed management techniques including herbicides and their application to crops, leading to principles of weed management techniques. Finally a set of relevant case studies describes the main management options available and addresses the challenges of reduced chemical options in Table of ContentsIntroduction v 1 What is a Weed? 1Robert E. L. Naylor and Peter J. Lutman 2 Weed Competition 16R.J. Froud-Williams 3 What is the Weed Seed Bank? 39Andrea C. Grundy and Naomi E. Jones 4 Weed Population Dynamics 63Robert E. L. Naylor 5 Weeds and Biodiversity 75E.J.P. Marshall 6 Herbicide Discovery 93Leonard G. Copping 7 Herbicide Legislation and Regulation 114D.J. Flynn 8 Herbicides: Modes of Action and Metabolism 134John P.H. Reade and A. H. Cobb 9 Herbicide Formulation and Delivery 171Duncan Webb 10 Methodology of Application 199T.H. Robinson 11 Herbicide-Resistant Weeds 225Stephen R. Moss 12 Herbicide-Tolerant Crops 253Ralph C. Kirkwood 13 Non-chemical Weed Management 280W. Bond 14 Integrated Weed Management 302Robert E.L. Naylor and Caroline Drummond 15 Developing Decision-Support Systems to Improve Weed Management 311James Clarke 16 Optimising Herbicide Performance 323Per Kudsk 17 Biological Control of Weeds 345M.P. Greaves 18 Weed Management Strategies for Winter Cereals 354James Clarke 19 Weeds Control in other Arable and Field Vegetable Crops 359C.M. Knott 20 Management of Aquatic Weeds 399Jonathan R. Newman 21 Where is Weed Management Going? 415Robert E.L. Naylor Index 419

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Book SynopsisMany species of fish occupying inland waters reside in watersheds that were or still are surrounded by forests and are dependent in major ways upon such cover. The interactions between fishes and forests are complex, multifaceted, dynamic processes involving most inland surface waters, forests, subsurface waters, geology and soils, climate and its changes, and the biotic components of the relevant ecosystems. These interactions also include the aspects of forestry tied to human development, economics, population growth and even philosophies. Fishes and Forestry is truly a landmark publication. The editors, Professors Northcote and Hartman, have drawn together and carefully edited chapters written by 56 scientists from around the world, covering a vast wealth of information never before appearing within the covers of one book. Following an introductory chapter, this exceptional work is broadly divided into sections covering: the ecology of forests, streamsTrade Review"A casual glance at the Preface of this truly remarkable book highlights the dedication and enthusiasm by which the two editors, Professors Northcote and Hartman, have approached the writing and organization of this 'landmark' publication. They have drawn together over 56 experts from around the world to contribute to this extensive text. As a major reference and research text within the subject it is likely to become a classic and is certainly recommended for purchase by libraries, research establishments researchers and advanced level students who have an interest in fisheries, forestry and/or ecology." The Bulletin, British Ecological Society, November 2004 "For most regions of the world, the scientific literature describing the linkage between fishes and forests is scattered… To fill this void, Northcote and Hartman mobilized more than four dozen fish and forest experts from around the world… Assembling such a group,…editing disparate manuscripts into a cohesive writing style, and producing a reader-friendly book is a monumental task… The editors have done these tasks very well. In summary, this book makes a significant contribution to the science and natural resource management literature. Its worldwide perspective is an especially important feature. The editors are to be lauded for…producing a book that is well integrated, consistently written, and refreshingly comprehensive. …a first class book." Environmental Reviews (National Research Council Canada), December 2004 The editors and authors of Fishes and Forestry have provided the first global perspective on fish–forestry interactions. This book is essential reading for any scientist, resource manager, or member of the public interested in forested landscapes. Every university and resource training center should have copies available for the scientists and resource managers of the future. Bioscience (Journal of the American Institute of Biological Sciences), Vol 55, August 2005 "Fishes and Forestry is truly a landmark publication." Bois et Forets des Tropiques Vol 282 (4) 2004Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. List of Contributors.. Part I: Introduction. 1. An introductory overview of fish-forestry interactions (T.G. Northcote and G.F. Hartman). Part II: Ecology of the Systems. 2. Forest ecology (J.P. Kimmins). 3. Elements of stream ecosystem process (G.F. Hartman and R.E. Bilby). 4. Fundamentals of lake ecology relevant to fish-forestry interactions (T.G. Northcote). 5. Fundamental aspects of estuarine ecology relevant to fish-forestry interactions (T.G. Northcote and M.C. Healey). Part III: Fish Biology and Ecology. 6. Fish life history variation and stock diversity in forested watersheds (T.G. Northcote). 7. Fish migration and passage in forested watersheds (T.G. Northcote and S.G. Hinch). 8. Aspects of fish reproduction and some implications of forestry activities (G.F. Hartman and T.E. McMahon). 9. Foraging ecology: from the fish to the forest (M. Karagosian and N.H. Ringler). Part IV: Forestry Activities. 10. Forest harvest and transportation (P.Schies and F. Krogstad). 11. Silviculture (J.E. Barker). 12. Manufacturing Processes and their impact on effluent discharges (N. McCubbin, E.R. Hall and K.J. Hall). Part V: Forestry Effects on Aquatic Systems and Fishes. 13. Effects of forest management activities’ on watershed processes (G.F. Hartman). 14. Effects of Forestry on the limnology and fishes of lakes (T.G. Northcote, M. Rask adn J. Leggett). 15. Effects of forestry on estuarine ecosystems supporting fishes (C.D. Levings and T.G. Northcote). 16. Environmental effects of Effluents from pulp and paper mills (K.R. Munkittrick). Part VI: North American Fish-Forestry Interactions. 17. Fish-Forestry interactions in Oregon, Washington and Alaska, USA (J.D. Hall, C.J. Cederholm, M.L. Murphy and KV. Koski). 18. Fish-forestry interaction research in coastal British Columbia - the Carnation Creek and Queen Charlotte Islands Studies. 19. Forestry and Fish in the boreal region of Canada (R.J. Steedman, W.M. Tonn, C.A. Paszkowski and G. J. Scrimgeour). 20. Fish-forestry interactions in freshwaters of Atlantic Canada (R.A. Cunjak, R.A. Curry, D.A. Scruton and K.D. Clarke). 21. Interactions between forests and fish in the Rocky Mountains of the USA (K.D. Fausch and M.K. Young). 22. Fish-forestry interface: an overview of Mexico (A. Sanchez-Veleez and R.M. Garcia-Nunez). Part VII: Non-north American Fish-Forestry Interactions. 23. Fishes-forestry interactions in tropical South America (C.A.R.M. Araujo-Lima, N. Higuchi and W.Barrella). 24. Europe - with special reference to Scandiniavia and the British Isles(D.T. Crisp, T. Eriksson adn A. Peter). 25. Freshwater fishes and forests in Japan (M. Inoue and F. Nakamura). 26. Fish-forest harvesting interactions in perhumid and monsoonal southeast Asia (Sundaland) (J.H,. Dick and K.Martin-Smith). 27. Regional case studied in fish-forest harvesting interactions: Malaysian and Indonesian Borneo and Cambodia (J.H. Dick and K.Martin-Smith). 28. Interactions: mangroves, fisheries and forestry management in Indonesia (D.G. Bengen and I.M. Dutton). 29. Forestry interactions - New Zealand (B.J. Hicks, G.J. Glova and M.J. Duncan). 30. Australia (W.D. Erskine and J.H. Harris). Part VIII: Effecting Better Fish-Forestry Interactions. 31. Guidelines, Codes and Legislation (K. Moore and G. Bull). 32. Forest Management and watershed restoration: repairing past damage is part of the future (G.F. Hartman). 33. Better and broader professional, worker and public education in fish-forestry interaction (T.G. Northcote and J.D. Hall). 34. Towards a new fish-forestry interaction in the world's watersheds (T.G. Northcote and G.F. Hartman). Index.

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Book Synopsisaeo editor and contributors have many yearsa experience researching algal culture systems aeo the book provides important information for those growing microalgae on a commercial basis aeo of use and interest to a wide range of industries aeo potential health properties of algae used in foods is of great current interest.Trade Review"... well organised , with clear and illustrative figures... I recommend it to academic staff and researchers at universities and institutes with interests in microalgal culture and aquaculture. The book may also be of interest to certain sectors of the aquaculture industry." International Aquaculture "I would recommend this as a textbook for undergraduates and postgraduates interested in algal biotechnology." Journal of Applied Phycology 16, 2004Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Preface. Acknowledgements.. Part I: The Microalgae: With Reference to Mass- Cultivation. 1. The Microalgal cell (Luisa Tomaselli). 2. Photosynthesis in Microalgae (Jiri Masojidek, Michael Koblizek and Giuseppe Torzillo). 3. Basic Culturing Techniques (Uuan-Kun Lee and Hui Shen). 4. Environmental Effects on Cell Composition (Qiang Hu). 5. Environmental Effects on Cell Composition (Qiang Hu). Part II: Mass Cultivation of Microalgae. 6. Algal Nutrition. Mineral Nutrition (Johan U. Grobbelaaqr). 7. Algal Nutrition. Heterotrpic Carbon Nutrition (Yuah-Kun Lee). 8. Biological Principles of Mass Cultivation (Amos Richmond). 9. Mass Production of Microalgae: Photobioreactors (Mario R. Tredici). 10. Downstream Processing of Cell-mass and Products (E. Molina Grima, F.G. Fernandez and A. Robles Medina). Part III: Economic Applications of Microalgae. 11. Industrial Production of Microalgal Cell-mass and Secondary Products - Major Industrial Species. Chlorella (Hiroaki Iwamoto). 12. Industrial Production of Microalgal Cell-mass and Secondary Producgts - Major industrial species. Arthrospira (Spirulina) Platensis (Qiang Hu). 13. Industrial Production of Microalal Cell-mass and Secondary Produts - Major Industrial Species. Dunaliella (Ami Ben-Amotz). 14. Industrial Production of Microalgal cell-mass and Secondary Produts - Major Industrial Species. Dunaliella (Ami Ben-Amotz). 15. Industrial Production of Microalgal Cell-mass and Secondary Products - Species of High Potential. Porphyridium sp (Shoshana Arad and Amos Richmond). 16. Industrial Production of Microalgal Cell-mass and Secondary Products - Species of High Potential Mass Cultivation of Nannochloropsis in Closed System (Graxiella Chini Zittelli, Liliana Rodolfi and Mario R. Tredici). 17. Industrial Production of Microalgal Cell-mass and Secondary Products - species of High Potential. Nostoc (Han Danxiang, Bi Yonghong and Hu Zhengyu). 18. Microalgae in Human and Animal Nutrition ( Wolfgang Becker). 19. Microalgae for Aquaculture. The Current Global Situation and Future Trends (Arnaud Muller-Feuga). 20. Microalgae for Aquaculture (Oded Zmora and Amos Richmond). 21. Microalgae for Aquaculture (Wofgang Becker). 22. N2-fixing Cyanobacteria as Biofertilizers in Rice Fields (Pierre Roger). 23. Hydrogen and Methane Production by Microalgae (John R. Benemann). 24. Water Pollution and Bioremediation by Microalgae (Susan Blackburn). 25. Water Pollution and Bioremediation by Microalgae (Aharon Abelioich). 26. Water Pollution and Bioremediation by Microalgae (Carl J. Soeder). 27. Water Pollution and Bioremediation by Microalgae (Carl J. Soeder). Part IV: New Frontiers. 28. Targeted Genetic Modification of Cyanobacteria: New Biotechnological Applications (Wim F. J. Vermaas). 29. Microalgae as Platforms for Recombinant Proteins (Qingfang He). 30. Bioactive Chemicals in Microalgae (Olav M. Skulberg). 31. Heterotrphic Production o fMarine Algae for Aquaculture (Moti Harel and Allen R. Place). 32. N2-fixing Cyanobacteria as a Gene Delivery System for Expressing Mosquitocidal Toxins of Bacillus (Sammy Boussiba and Arieh Zaritsky). 33. The Enhancmenbt of Marine Productivity for Climate Stabilizaiton and Food Security (Ian S.F.Jones). Index.

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Book SynopsisThe demand for food produced from sustainable and organic farm enterprises continues to grow worldwide, with demand exceeding supply for many items. This second edition of an extremely well received and successful book covers every aspect of an organic farm enterprise that can have an influence on profitability.Table of ContentsForeword to the First Edition by the late Anne Scott; Acknowledgements; Useful Organic Farming Web Site Addresses; 1 Introduction; 2 Grassland Productivity; Grassland in Britain; Reasons for predicting the productivity of organic grassland; Factors influencing herbage yield; Methods of predicting grassland production; The effect of white clover; Herbage utilisation; Silage and hay production; References: 3 Dairy, Beef, and Sheep Production; Milk production; Beef production; Sheep production; References; 4 Pig and Poultry Production; Pig production; Poultry production; References; 5 Arable Production Systems; Rotations; Varieties; Weeds; Crop area; Nutrient removal and supply; Farmyard manure and composting; Crop yields; Arable crops; References; 6 Farm Size and and Enterprise Combinations; Farm size; Enterprise combinations; Animal systems; Enterprises and finance; References; 7 Organic Standards: Problems and Solutions; Beef calves; Beef; Pigs; Poultry; Dairy cows; Sheep; Weed control; Disease and pest control; References; Financial Management of the Farm; Cash flow; Costings; References; Further Reading; 9 Marketing Organic Produce; Challenges and opportunities; Current market channels and products; Organic symbol; Price; Market research and assessing your market; Final decision; Outlets; References; Further reading; 10 Progress by Organic Farmers; Insufficient organic grassland during conversion; The value and methods of introducing white clover; The control of internal parasites by grazing management; The phosphate story; Veterinary problems on organic farms; Selling organic meat; Selling organic milk; Yeo Valley Organic Company; Organic Cheese; Chisel Farm, Dorset; Good Herdsmen; The Watermill, Little Salkeld, Penrith; References; 11 Organic Farming- The Future; Index

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Book SynopsisSquid, cuttlefish and octopuses, which form the marine mollusc group the cephalopods, are of great and increasing interest to marine biologists, physiologists, ecologists, environmental biologists and fisheries scientists. Cephalopods: ecology and fisheries is a thorough review of this most important animal group. The first introductory section of the book provides coverage of cephalopod form and function, origin and evolution, Nautilus, and biodiversity and zoogeography. The following section covers life cycles, growth, physiological ecology, reproductive strategies and early life histories. There follows a section on ecology, which provides details of slope and shelf species, oceanic and deep sea species, population ecology, trophic ecology and cephalopods as prey. The final section of the book deals with fisheries and ecological interactions, with chapters on fishing methods and scientific sampling, fisheries resources, fisheries oceanography and assessment and manaTrade Review"This splendid book offers much more than what its title seems to promise! The wider biological background is explained in a sequence of lucidly structured, superbly illustrated chapters. The authors have perfectly succeeded in writing a book for students and researchers as well as for lay readers interested in marine zoology. This comprehensive treatment of the most exotic group of marine molluscs is likely to become indispensible reading for zoology classes at undergraduate and graduate levels. Above all it is a very rich source of information, a true vademecum for anyone interested in squid, cuttlefish and octopus." Vie et Milieu, 2006 "This book provides a thorough review of this most important animal group. This comprehensive and well-illustrated book is essential reading for marine biologists, zoologists, ecologists and fisheries managers." CAB Abstracts, 2006 "This is a fascinating book, providing for fish biologists a readable and comprehensive review of a parallel and rival universe of cephalopod adaptiveness, life-style and significance in marine ecosystems. It is undoubtedly an essential text and reference." Journal of Fish Biology, 2006 "For many years to come, this book will surely be essential reading not only for cephalopod biologists, but for anyone interested in marine biology, ecology, and fisheries science." Quarterly Review of Biology, 2006 'This book is a good starting point for any student interested in studying cephalopods. It also gives those that specialise in a particular area of cephalopod research a broad overview of other areas that they may know little or nothing about' Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2007 'It is a well presented book that uses an abundance of graphs and diagrams to illustrate the text, maps to show lifecycle migration, colour photos to show composite satellite images of fishing lights and to illustrate the use of camouflage. Key morphological characters that can be used to identify cephalopods' Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2007 'I recommend that everyone with an interest in cephalopods reads this book from beginning to end because one will find information of interest to them that they would not think to look for' Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2007Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Introduction. Form and Function. Origin and Evolution. Nautilus: The Survivor. Biodiversity and Zoogeography. Life Cycle. Growth. Physiological Ecology. Reproductive. From Egg to Recruitment. Coastal and Shelf Species. Oceanic and Deep-Sea Species. Cephalopods as Predators. Cephalopods as Prey. Fishing Methods and Scientific Sampling. Fishery Resources. Fisheries Oceanography. Assessment and Management. Conclusions. Appendix A: Classification of Living Cephalopod Families. Appendix B: Synopsis of Living Cephalopod Families. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisA strong demand for an English version of the third German Edition of this extremely important book paved the way for this excellent new translation, which contains much new information from over 500 publications, not covered by the previous English language edition. The Eel is the standard work on the species with chapters in the book covering body structure and functions, developmental stages and distribution of the eel species, post-larval ecology and behaviour, harvest and environmental relationships, fishing methods, eel culture, diseases, parasites and bodily damage, the world trade in eels and eel processing. Contributions are included from several world authorities including new information concerning genetic diversity in eel populations and the consequences for their management. Written by Friedrich-Wilhelm Tesch, one of the foremost world authorities on eels and carefully edited by Professor Thorpe, well known for hiTrade Review"This is a new translation of an extremely important book. The Eel is the standard work on the genus...It is essential reading and a reference for scientists and aquaculturists, eel fishermen, angling clubs and river managers...A fascinating book, even for a lay person, it answers so many questions that one has about this 'slippery creature'." Sherkin Comment, Environmental Quarterly of Sherkin Island Marine Station, 2004 "This English translation of the third German edition contains new infomation from over 500 published papers." CAB Abstracts, 2005 "In the comprehensive third edition of this text and the first English translation, Friefrich Texch covers the biology, ecology, breeding, and commercial significance of the eel. This revised and updated text includes findings from more than 500 new scientific publications." Journal of the American Water Resources AssociationTable of ContentsBody structure and functions Developmental Stages and Distribution of the Eel Species Post-larval ecology and behaviour Harvest and environmental relationships Fishing Methods Eel Culture Diseases, parasites, and bodily damage World Trade and Processing References

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Book SynopsisIf the marine fishing industry is to survive into the future, innovative approaches are necessary. Recognising that market incentives have the potential to improve fisheries management, the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) has been established to harness these incentives. The work of the MSC translates through from sustainable fishery management certification, to labelling of fish and sea food products, allowing consumers to use their choice and buying power to select eco-labelled products from MSC certified fisheries. This exciting new book covers all aspects of the new eco-labelling initiative developed under the sponsorship of the MSC. Contents include details of the MSC and its certification framework and implementation, dispute resolution, chain-of-custody assessment and community fisheries certification. Also included are important case studies of the MSC certified fisheries of Australia's western rock lobster, Alaska salmon, Thames herring and New ZealandTrade Review"This excellent book shows how the Marine Stewardship Council came about, how it operates, and where it is going. A very useful book for anyone interested in seafood marketing and sustainable fishery fishing practices." Professional Fisherman, Feb 2004 " ‘Eco-labelling in Fisheries’ aims to document the experiences to date of those with firsthand knowledge of the eco-labelling programme for fisheries... Early [in] 2005, the FAO’s Committee on Fisheries adopted guidelines for ‘eco-labelling’ of fish caught at sea, indicating how relevant this topic is to fisheries management today. The book will appeal to all those with an interest in the sustainable management of fish resources… It is well presented and covers eloquently the key issues underlying the process of eco-labelling. The authors offer a wide range of expertise in the topics represented... One of the greatest successes of the book is the illustration of how things are working in particular case studies and the lessons learnt from these examples." Journal of Fish Biology, February 2006 "Professionals and students in fisheries science, marine biology, ecology, conservation and environmental biology will find this book to be extremely valuable." fishknowledge.comTable of ContentsContributors. Introduction - Bruce Phillips, Chet Chaffee, Trevor Ward and Mike Sutton. Seafood Evaluation, Certification and Consumer Information - Chet Chaffee, Duncan Leadbitter and Edwin Aalders. Introduction, Certification for seafood, Environmental information for seafood, Other certification programmes, Sustainable seafood programmes - an overview. The Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) - Brendan May, Duncan Leadbitter, Mike Sutton and Michael Weber. Introduction, The problem, The theory of eco-labelling, Brief history of the MSC, The MSC standard, The expectations, The result - a broad-based standard, Overview of how the process works, Fishery assessment systems, The MSC fishery assessment system, Experience to date, Current directions, Some issues of concern for the MSC board, staff and committees, Promoting the brand, Overcoming the Challenges, Paying for the change, Conclusions. Introduction to the MSC Certification. A: The Process of Certification - Chet Chaffee. Introduction, Fishery certification, Chain-of-custody certification. B: Principle 1 - Stocks - Louis Botsford. The guiding principles and criteria, Approach to assessment, Potential problems, future directions. C: Principle 2 - Effects of Fishing on the Ecosystem - Trevor Ward. The guiding principles and criteria, Approach to assessment, Resolving issues, Fishery impacts, Assessment and evaluation, Monitoring systems, Stakeholder engagement. D: Principle 3- Management Systems - Bruce Phillips. The guiding principles and criteria, Approach to assessment, Specific criteria, The situation at 2002. Implementing the MSC Programme Process - Chet Chaffee, Bruce Phillips and Trevor Ward. Introduction, MSC pre-assessment, MSC full assessment and certification. The MSC Certification Framework. Dispute Resolution and the MSC - Duncan Leadbitter and Trevor Ward. Introduction, Historical background, The dispute procedure, The New Zealand hoki dispute, Conclusions. MSC Chain-of-Custody Certification - Peter Scott. Introduction, Who is the typical MSC chain-of-custody certification client?, Where does the chain-of-custody certification take place?, The MSC chain-of-custody certification process, The MSC chain-of-custody standard requirements, How long does the chain-of-custody certification last?, How much does the chain-of-custody certification cost?. Case Study 1: The Western Rock Lobster. A: The Fishery and Its Assessment - Bruce Phillips, Trevor Ward, Chet Chaffee. Introduction, The Western Australian management system, Stock assessment, The MSC assessment, Environmental issues, Learning outcomes from the assessment process. B: What Certification has Meant to the Department of Fisheries and Industry - Peter Rogers, Ross Gould & Brett McCallum. The initial assessment process, Maintaining certification, Costs of certification, Benefits from certification, Conclusions. C: The WWF Perspective - Katherine Short. Introduction, The role of the WWF and the MSC, Supporter and promoter of the MSC, Facilitator of stakeholder involvement, Commentator and monitor of fishery assessments and implementation of certification requirements, Summary overview. D: An Unsatisfactory Encounter with the MSC - a Conservation Perspective - David Sutton. Case Study 2: The Alaska Salmon. A: The Commercial Fisheries - Chet Chaffee. Historic production of the salmon fishery, Alaska salmon management, The MSC assessment, Environmental issues, Stakeholder concerns, Outcomes from the assessment process. B: Fishery Perspective - Robert Bosworth. Introduction, Alaska and the MSC, The MSC assessment, The salmon eco-label. Case Study 3: The Thames Herring Drift-net Fishery- Paul Medley and Paul Nichols. Introduction, Stock, Fishing activity, Post-harvest handling and distribution, Fishery management, Stock assessment, Stakholder co-operation, Monitoring, control, surveillance and enforcement, Environmental issues, The MSC assessment, Conclusion. Case Study 4: The New Zealand Hoki. A: The Fishery - Edwin Aalders, Jo Akroyd and Trevor Ward. Introduction, The New Zealand fishery-management system, MSC principles and current fishery-management practice, Challenges and experiences, Disupte resolution. B: The WWF Perspective - Katherine Short. Introduction, Environmental NGO and New Zealand fishing politics, WWF's role and the MSC, Dispute resolution, Public perception, Conclusion. Community-based Certification: A Route to Sustainable Fisheries - Julia Novy-Hildesley and Katherine Short. Introduction, WWF's approach to certification of community fisheries, WWF's proposed methodology for community-based certification, Who is involved in community-based certification?, Motivation for certification in community-based fisheries, Benefits associated with certification in community-based fisheries, Obstacles to certification in community-based fisheries, Community-based certification in practice: a profile of the Seri's people Jaiba fishery, Mexico, The next steps for community-based certification, Conclusions. Is Eco-Labelling Working?. A: An Overview - Volker Kuntzsch. Introduction, Implementation, Where are we now?, The next steps. B: Is Eco-labelling Working - for Marine Ecosystems, WWF and the MSC? - Katherine Short. Introduction, Arresting the decline, Improving marine ecosystems, Conclusions. Conclusions - Trevor Ward, Bruce Phillips and Chet Chaffee. Introduction, The incentives, The outcomes, The issues. References. Index

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Book SynopsisIn the second book to feature in the SDT series Fermented Milks reviews the properties and manufacturing methods associated with products such as yoghurt, buttermilk, kefir, koumiss milk-based fermented beverages and many other examples from around the globe, offering the reader a practically-oriented and user-friendly guide.Trade Review"This is a very useful member of the Society of Diary Technology Technical Series and one which will find favour with a wide range of dairy scientists and technologists in industry, academia and research establishments." International Journal of Diary Technology, vol 60, No3, August 2007Table of ContentsPreface to Technical Series. Preface. Contributors. Chapter 1. Types of Fermented Milks. . Chapter 2. Starter Cultures. Chapter 3. Manufacture of Yoghurt. Chapter 4. Properties of Yoghurt and their Appraisal. Chapter 5. Production of Drinking Products. Chapter 6. Production of Concentrated Products. Chapter 7. Nordic/Scandinavian Fermented Milk Products. Chapter 8. Production of Kefir, Koumiss and Other Related Products. Chapter 9. Miscellaneous Fermented Milk Products. Chapter 10. Mechanisation, Automation and Future Developments. Index

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Book SynopsisRecent decades have witnessed strong declines in fish stocks around the globe, amid growing concerns about the impact of fisheries on marine and freshwater biodiversity. Fisheries biologists and managers are therefore increasingly asking about aspects of ecology, behaviour, evolution and biodiversity that were traditionally studied by people working in very separate fields. This has highlighted the need to work more closely together, in order to help ensure future success both in management and conservation. The Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries has been written by an international team of scientists and practitioners, to provide an overview of the biology of freshwater and marine fish species together with the science that supports fisheries management and conservation. This volume, subtitled Fisheries, focuses on a wide range of topics, including the history of fisheries science, methods of capture, marketing, ecTrade Review"...this work is useful as a current, state-of-the-art review source in its field." Library Journal, February 2003 "A must for any library maintaining holdings on fish, fisheries, fish management, or conservation. It is the best review of the state of the art available and should be mandatory review reading for fish managers everywhere." G L Hendrickson, Humboldt State University for CHOICE, May 2003 "...an excellent starting point for graduate students, and a good handbook to have in a reference collection that stresses fish biology and fisheries management." E-Streams, June 2003 "This will be an invaluable reference tool for students, researchers and practitioners working in the fields of fish biology and fisheries." Reference Reviews, Volume 17 (5), July 2003Table of Contents1. The Human Dimension Of Fisheries Science: (P. J. B. Hart And J. D. Reynolds). 2. Fish Capture Devices In Industrial And Artisanal Fisheries And Their Influence On Management (O. A. Misund, J. Kolding and P. Freon). 3. Marketing Fish (J. A. Young And J. F. Muir). 4. A History Of Fisheries And Their Science And Management (T. D. Smith). 5. Gathering Data For Resource Monitoring And Fisheries Management (D. Evans and R. Grainger). 6. Surplus Production Models (J. T. Schnute And L. Richards). 7. Dynamic Pool Models I: Interpreting The Past Using Virtual Population Analysis (J. G. Shepherd And J. G. Pope). 8. Dynamic Pool Models II: Short-Term And Long-Term Forecasts Of Catch And Biomass (J. G. Shepherd And J. G. Pope). 9. A Bumpy Old Road: Size-Based Methods In Fisheries Assessment (T. J. Pitcher). 10. Ecosystem Models (D. Pauly And V. Christensen). 11. Individual-Based Models (G. Huse, J. Giske And A. G. V. Salvanes). 12. The Economics Of Fisheries (R. Hannesson). 13. Choosing The Best Model For Fisheries Assessment (P. Sparre And P. J. B. Hart). 14. Marine Protected Areas, Fish And Fisheries (N. V. C. Polunin). 15. Exploitation And Other Threats To Fish Conservation (J. D. Reynolds, N. K. Dulvy And C. M. Roberts). 16. Ecosystem Effects Of Fishing (M. J. Kaiser And S. Jennings). 17. Recreational Fishing (I. G. Cowx)

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Book SynopsisTraces the economic and historical forces that gave rise to very distinctive regional approaches to creating wine. This book includes chapters on Europe's cheap commodity wine industry; the markets for sherry, port, claret, and champagne; and, the wine industries in California, Australia, and Argentina.Trade ReviewWinner of the 2012 OIV Award in History, International Organisation of Vine and Wine "[T]his book ... has a decidedly, and fittingly, scholarly tone... There are some fascinating historical facts, including the widespread nature of fraud in the wine business."--Lettie Teague, Wall Street Journal "Anyone interested in the economic history of wine and drink should read this book."--Tyler Cowen, Marginal Revolution "[T]here can be no doubt that wine buffs whose interest in what they drink stretches rather further than the supermarket price and the colour of the stuff in the bottle (why read the label?) will find this book fascinating."--Books4Spain.com "In writing Creating Wine, James Simpson has done a great service to those who are interested in how a traditional industry inherited the modern, highly regulated, market structure we observe in places like France today. The book is important and carefully written. Anyone interested in wine or the interaction between markets and modern democratic states should buy it."--EH.Net Reviews "Given Simpson's excellent job in describing the evolution of the industry, this book should find a large audience."--Choice "This is a wonderful book for vine professionals, for wine professionals and for students of economic history alike, including for casual students."--Jacques Delacroix, Enterprise & Society "[This] is the first book to trace the economic and historical forces that gave rise to very distinctive regional approaches to creating wine."--World Book Industry "Creating Wine was a delight to read. Simpson has chosen to study a pivotal time in wine production, dictated not only by changing market structure but also various supply shocks and societal factors. While many of us may have some idea of the broad issues that existed in the market for wine around this time, Simpson has provided a thoroughly researched, comprehensive piece of work that will satisfy anyone from novice to expert."--Tim Davis, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource "Creating Wine represents, perhaps, the single greatest achievement in advancing our understanding of the globalizing wine trade during its most formative decades (1840-1914)."--Kevin Goldberg, European History QuarterlyTable of ContentsList of Illustrations xi List of Tables xiii Acknowledgments xv Maps xvii Introduction xxxi Weights, Measures, and Currencies xxxix Acronyms and Abbreviations xli Part I: Technological and Organizational Change in Europe,1840-1914 1 Chapter 1: European Wine on the Eve of the Railways 3 What Is Wine? 3 Family Producers 7 The Production of Grapes prior to Phylloxera 11 Traditional Wine-Making Technologies 17 Markets, Institutions, and Wine Consumption 21 The Development of Fine Export Wines 24 Chapter 2: Phylloxera and the Development of Scientific Viti-Viniculture 30 The Growth in Wine Consumption in Producer Countries 31 Phylloxera and the Destruction of Europe's Vines 34 Phylloxera and the International Response in Spain and Italy 41 Wine Making, Economies of Scale and the Spread of Viticulture to Hot Climates 48 La Viticulture Industrielle and Vertical Integration: Wine Production in the Midi 53 Chapter 3: Surviving Success in the Midi: Growers, Merchants, and the State 58 Phylloxera and Wine Adulteration 59 Politics, Phylloxera, and the Vineyard during France's Third Republic 63 The Midi: From Shortage to Overproduction 65 From Informal to Formal Cooperation: La Cave Cooperative Vinicole 71 Part II: The Causes of Export Failure 77 Chapter 4: Selling to Reluctant Drinkers: The British Market and the International Wine Trade 81 The Political Economy of the Wine Trade in Britain prior to 1860 83 Gladstone and the Rise and Decline in Consumption in the Late Nineteenth Century 87 The Retail Market and Product Adulteration 92 Who Controls the Chain? Experiments at "Buyer-Led" Commodity Chains 98 Part III: Institutional Innovation: Regional Appellations 107 Chapter 5: Bordeaux 111 Claret, Trade, and the Organization of Production 112 The 1855 Classification and the Branding of Claret 115 Supply Volatility, Vine Disease, and the Decline in Reputation of Fine Claret 120 Response to Overproduction: A Regional Appellation 126 Chapter 6: Champagne 132 The Myth of Dom Perignon and the Development of Champagne 134 Economies of Scale, Brands, and Marketing 138 The Response to Phylloxera 141 Organization of a Regional Appellation 145 Chapter 7: Port 154 Port and the British Market 155 Product Development and the Demands of a Mass Market 159 Rent Seeking, Fraud, and Regional Appellations 164 Chapter 8: From Sherry to Spanish White 171 The Organization of Wine Production in Jerez 172 Sherry and the British Market 178 Product Innovation and Cost Control 183 Wine Quality and the Demand for a Regional Appellation 187 Part IV: The Great Divergence: The Growth of Industrial Wine Production in the New World 191 Chapter 9: Big Business and American Wine: The California Wine Association 195 Creating Vineyards and Wineries in a Labor-Scarce Economy 197 Production Instability and the Creation of the California Wine Association 204 The California Wine Association and the Market for California's Wines 209 Chapter 10: Australia: The Tyranny of Distance and Domestic Beer Drinkers 220 Learning Grape Growing and Wine Making 221 Organization of Wine Production 225 In Search of Markets 230 Chapter 11: Argentina: New World Producers and Old World Consumers 240 Establishing the Industry 242 Redefining the Industry 248 The Limits to Growth and the Return to Crisis 256 Conclusion 263 Old World Producers and Consumers 263 New World Producers and Consumers 267 The Wine Industry in the Twentieth Century 270 Appendix 1: Vineyards and Wineries 273 A.1. Area of Vines and Output per Winery in France, 1924 and 1934 274 A.2 Number of Growers and Area of Vines by County, California, 1891 276 A.3. Winery Size in the Midi and Algeria, 1903 278 Appendix 2: Wine Prices 279 A.4. Farm and Paris Wine Prices, July 1910 279 A.5. Price List, Berry Brothers, London, 1909 281 Glossary 291 Bibliography 293 Index 313

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Book SynopsisIn the last 2 centuries, agriculture has been an outstanding success story. Agriculture has fed population with a variety of products at falling prices, even as it has released a number of workers to the rest of the economy. This book explains how these feats were accomplished. It covers various factors that have affected agricultural performance.Trade Review"In Feeding the World, Giovanni Federico considers agricultural development over the past 200 years an outstanding success story... Feeding the World will be of great interest to economists, development specialists and policymakers, and all economic historians should read it. Methodologically, it is an excellent example of a quantitative economic history, grounded in theory but sensitive to empirical realities worldwide. Substantively, it provides an essential context for understanding economic development over the past 200 years on a global scale."--Mark Overton, Times Higher Education Supplement "This book provides everything that a mainstream economic history or agricultural history course would want to cover... [T]he book [is] ... useful and highly recommended."--Thomas R. DeGregori, Journal of Economic Issues "The range, stance, and clarity of this hugely impressive book make it ideally suited to classroom use at advanced undergraduate or graduate level. It deserves to be widely read, in university libraries and beyond."--Cormac O Grada, Agricultural History Review "Giovannia Federico should be congratulated for his efforts in providing what is clearly an impressive synthesis, constituting a significant contribution to our understanding of the changing role and the revolution that has taken place in agricultural production since 1800. It will appeal to a wide readership, encompassing not only the academic community but also lay readers who are interested in how feeding the industrially advanced countries of the world has been successfully achieved."--John Martin, The Historian "I recommend this book for those who want to gain a general understanding of the dynamics of world agriculture and who are looking for scientific texts in the field. The rich bibliography can satisfy many people's curiosity in this respect."--Walter Leimgruber, European LegacyTable of ContentsList of Illustrations ix List of Tables ix Preface xiii Chapter One: Introduction 1 Chapter Two: Why Is Agriculture Different? 5 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 Agriculture and the Environment: An Uneasy Relationship 5 2.3 Factor Endowment and the Characteristics of Agriculture 13 Chapter Three: Trends in the Long Run 16 3.1 Introduction 16 3.2 Output 16 3.3 Prices 21 3.4 The Composition of Agricultural Output 26 3.5 Trade 28 Chapter Four: Patterns of Growth: The Inputs 31 4.1 Introduction 31 4.2 Land 31 4.3 Capital 40 4.4 Labor 56 4.5 Conclusion: Factor Endowment and Factor Prices in the Long Run 64 Chapter Five: The Causes of Growth: The Increase in Productivity 69 5.1 Introduction 69 5.2 The Productivity of Land and Labor 70 5.3 The Total Factor Productivity 74 5.4 Conclusion: On the Interpretation of Total Factor Productivity Growth 82 Chapter Six: Technical Progress in Agriculture 83 6.1 Introduction: Productivity Growth and Technical Progress 83 6.2 The Major Innovations 84 6.3 The Macroeconomics of Innovations: Factor Prices and Technical Progress 93 6.4 The Microeconomics of Agricultural Innovation: Appropriability, Complementarity, Environment, and Risk 101 6.5 The Microeconomics of Agricultural Innovation: Research Institutions and Technical Progress 105 6.6 Conclusion: On the Causes of Technical Progress 114 Chapter Seven: The Microeconomics of Agricultural Institutions 117 7.1 Introduction: What Are the Institutions, and Why Should We Care about Them? 117 7.2 Property Rights 118 7.3 The "Structure": Matching Land and Labor 121 7.4 Finding the Money: Formal and Informal Credit 128 7.5 The Co-operative: The Best of All Possible Worlds? 133 7.6 Conclusion: Is There an "Ideal" Farm? 136 Chapter Eight: Agricultural Institutions and Growth 143 8.1 Introduction 143 8.2 Prelude: The Establishing of Modern Property Rights 144 8.3 Meddling with Property Rights: Land Reform and Other Structural Interventions 149 8.4 The "Structural" Change in the Long Run 152 8.5 The Development of Markets 160 8.6 Self-help: The Growth of the Co-operative Movement 168 8.7 Institutions and Agricultural Growth: The Creation of Property Rights and "Structural" Interventions 172 8.8 Institutions and Agricultural Growth: Landownership, Farm Size, and Contracts 177 8.9 Institutions and Agricultural Growth: The Development of Markets 181 8.10 Conclusion: Did Institutions Really Matter? 186 Chapter Nine: The State and the Market 187 9.1 Introduction: On the Design of Agricultural Policies 187 9.2 Before 1914: The Era of Laissez Faire 189 9.3 The Interwar Years: The Great Discontinuity 191 9.4 The OECD Countries after 1945: The Era of Surpluses 196 9.5 The Less Developed Countries after Independence: The Green Revolution and the "Development" Policies 201 9.6 The Socialist Countries 205 9.7 On the Effects of Agricultural Policies 211 9.8 Conclusion: The Political Economy of Agricultural Policies 215 Chapter Ten: Conclusions: Agriculture and Economic Growth in the Long Run 221 10.1 Fifteen Stylized Facts 221 10.2 Agriculture and Economic Growth: Some Theory 222 10.3 Agriculture and Economic Growth: Debates and Historical Evidence 226 10.4 Concluding Remarks: A Look to the Future 231 Statistical Appendix 233 Notes 251 Bibliography 325 Index 381

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewWinner of a 2017 Gourmand World Cookbook Award, National Winner in "Culinary History" Co-Winner of the 2017 Mary Douglas Prize for Best Book, Sociology of Culture Section of the American Sociological Association Winner of the 2016 Distinguished Scholarly Publication Award, Consumers and Consumption Section of the American Sociological Association "In Contested Tastes, we find not just detailed casestudies, but an overview of contemporary food politics which challenges assertions about what we have on our plates and why it matters."--George Berridge, Times Literary SupplementTable of ContentsAcknowledgments vii Preface xi Chapter 1 What Can We Learn from Liver? 1 Chapter 2 Vive le Foie Gras! 27 Chapter 3 Gastronationalism on the Ground 66 Chapter 4 Foiehibition110 Chapter 5 The Paradox of Perspective 147 Chapter 6 Conclusion 195 Notes 209 Bibliography 243 Index 259

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Winner of the Theodore Saloutos Memorial Award, Agricultural History Society""Honorable Mention for the Vincent P. DeSantis Book Prize, Society for Historians of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era""Co-Winner of the Silver Medal in Business Commentary, Axiom Business Book Awards""One Smithsonian's Ten Best Books About Food of 2019""Specht’s story of how the meatpackers exploited unskilled labour, bankrupted local butchers and seized power from the railroads holds warnings for today."---Brooke Masters, Financial Times"Explaining how Americans came to eat so much beef and to pay so little for it turns out to be an especially gargantuan enterprise, which Specht pulls off with aplomb, in accessible and sprightly prose."---Samuel Moyn, New Republic"A fascinating cultural exploration."---Rebecca Onion, History Today"Specht tells the little-known story of how Americans became beef-eaters. From cattle ranches in the rural West to slaughterhouses in Chicago, the environmental and business historian charts the path of meat and, in doing so, delivers what is really a tale of people and power. . . . By following the meat industry through centuries of conflict, this book puts a new, troubling lens on American history."---Andrea Michelson, Smithsonian

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