Technology, Engineering & Agriculture Books

Book SynopsisHandbook based on various investigations aims to improve quality and efficiency of industrial power engineering, constructions, and fluid/gas-moving devices. Includes author's research findings.

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Book SynopsisThis valuable handbook details the various monolithic refractories currently in use, and pays particular attention to their chemical and physical behaviors during manufacturing, installation, and the duty cycle. It addresses, from the practitioner's point of view, the critical aspects of reactions involved with the refractory body as it approaches the used temperature with the processing environment. To ensure optimum performance, it describes the application, installation, and design of refractory components. The handbook includes suitable tables and figures, and provides an historical perspective on the evolution of the refractory industry. Practicing ceramic engineers, scientists, raw material suppliers, and research and development personnel in the refractory manufacturing industry will find this book invaluable. Also suitable as a reference for courses in ceramic engineering specializing in refractories.Table of ContentsRaw Materials. Castable Refractories. Pumpable Castables. Plastic Refractories. Ramming Mixes. Gunning Mixes. Mortars. Coatings. Dry Vibratables. Wear Mechanisms. Manufacturing. Application Designs. Evaluation and Tests. Lining. Index.

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Trade Review"...should not be missing in the best scientific libraries in the world...a work that every expert on geothermal energy, of any discipline, would be proud to count among those of his or her personal archive."--IGA News "This book covers everything professionals and students need to know about geothermal power plants, by someone you need to know it from." --Raffaele Cataldi, Founder of the International Geothermal AssociationTable of ContentsPART ONE RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT 1. Geology of Geothermal Regions 2. Exploration Strategies and Techniques 3. Geothermal Well Drilling 4. Reservoir Engineering PART TWO GEOTHERMAL POWER GENERATING SYSTEMS 5. Single-Flash Steam Power Plants 6. Double- and Triple-Flash Steam Power Plants 7. Dry-Steam Power Plants 8. Binary Cycle Power Plants 9. Advanced Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems 10. Exergy Analysis Applied to Geothermal Power Systems PART THREE GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT CASE STUDIES 11. Larderello Dry-Steam Power Plants, Tuscany, Italy 12. The Geysers Dry-Steam Power Plants, Sonoma and Lake Counties, California, U.S.A. 13. Geothermal Power Plants of New Zealand 14. Geothermal Power Plants of Indonesia 15. Geothermal Power Plants of Latin America and the Caribbean 16. Geothermal Power Plants in Nevada, U.S.A. 17. Heber Binary Plants, Imperial Valley, California, USA 18. Magmamax Binary Power Plant, East Mesa, Imperial Valley California, USA 19. Nesjavellir and Hellisheidi Plants, Iceland 20. Raft River Plants, Idaho, USA 21. Geothermal Power Plants in Turkey 22. Enhanced Geothermal Systems – Projects and Plants 23. Environmental Impact of Geothermal Power Plants Appendices

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Breathing Race into the Machine brilliantly tracks the remarkable story—lasting to the present—of how ‘correcting for race’ in measures of lung capacity became unremarkable scientific practice. This eye-opening account demonstrates that precision technologies and statistical techniques that supposedly measure biological differences accurately can mask racial myths and wreak devastating consequences for black people’s health and legal rights. Essential reading for everyone concerned about the impact of race on science and technology."—Dorothy Roberts, University of Pennsylvania, author of Fatal Invention: How Science, Politics, and Big Business Re-create Race in the Twenty-first Century"Lundy Braun illuminates how the development of a new machine to measure lung capacity could begin with a benign purpose to assess the impact of working conditions in the coal mines in the early 19th century, but would later ‘morph’ into a justification for the putative relationship between difference and hierarchy that has remained intact for nearly two centuries. Braun documents how the social, economic and political fabric of each period is interwoven into the science of measurement—a theme that deftly carries throughout the book, and will establish Breathing Race into the Machine as a landmark contribution to the social studies of science."—Troy Duster, author of Backdoor to Eugenics"In Breathing Race into the Machine, Lundy Braun powerfully reinvigorates our understanding of how racial formation happens. An incisive, considered study of a seemingly conventional physiology instrument, this book reveals science as a foundational feature of the social construction of race. We create our own difference engines, but Braun’s astute book reminds us that we do not have to remain captive to them."—Alondra Nelson, author of Body and Soul: The Black Panther Party and the Fight against Medical Discrimination"A fascinating read."—Choice"Ultimately, Breathing Race into the Machine disrupts ideas about technology’s objectivity to show the pernicious persistence of racial bias."—African American Review"Great value to those with an interest in the history of science and technology, occupational health and disease, and the construction of whiteness and blackness."—Social History of Medicine"Intellectually provocative, original, and extensively researched."—American Historical Review"This book reminds us that tools have a history and that their history matters."—Journal of American History"Lundy Braun provides her readers with the most meticulously detailed, and I should add sophisticated, historical analysis. . . her account of the career of the technical device of the spirometer offers surprising and valuable insights."—Science as Culture"Breathing Race into the Machine is theoretically informed, well researched, and well written. Its compelling account contributes to the scholarship of racialization in science and medicine."—ISISTable of ContentsContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Measuring Vital Capacity1. “Inventing” the Spirometer: Working-Class Bodies in Victorian England2. Black Lungs and White Lungs: The Science of White Supremacy in the Nineteenth-Century United States3. Filling the Lungs with Air: The Rise of Physical Culture in America4. Progress and Race: Vitality in Turn-of-the-Century Britain5. Globalizing Spirometry: The “Racial Factor” in Scientific Medicine6. Adjudicating Disability in the Industrial Worker7. Diagnosing Silicosis: Physiological Testing in South African Gold MinesEpilogue: How Race Takes RootNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis long-awaited second edition of the best-selling Arduino Workshop (over 35,000 copies sold) goes beyond making simple projects to teach beginners how to use the Arduino, in-depth. Arduino Workshop is loved by readers because it focuses on learning how the board works rather than simply making a series of canned projects.Trade ReviewReviews for the first edition of Arduino Workshop:"When it comes to technology, there's really something to be said for learning by example, and with each key point focused around a specific project, the information in this book is easy to learn and retain."—Dave Rankin, About.com Open Source"Arduino Workshop was the first book I’ve read that helped me really make sense of the practical applications the Arduino is capable of."—AmateurRadio.com "A very thorough primer for those wishing to jump on the [Arduino] bandwagon."—Kevin Wierzbicki, Campus Circle"I’ve checked out several Arduino “primers,” and found the best one for my purposes to be Arduino Workshop: A Hands-On Introduction with 65 Projects by John Boxall."—Jeff Rowe, MCADCafe.com Blog"A good book for getting started . . . I highly recommend it if you’re thinking about getting into Arduino projects and you’re brand new to this stuff."—Nathan Yau, FlowingDataTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsChapter 1: Getting StartedChapter 2: Exploring the Arduino Board and the IDEChapter 3: First StepsChapter 4: Building BlocksChapter 5: Working with FunctionsChapter 6: Numbers, Variables, and ArithmeticChapter 7: Expanding Your ArduinoChapter 8: LED Numeric Displays and MatricesChapter 9: Liquid Crystal DisplaysChapter 10: Creating your own Arduino LibrariesChapter 11: Numeric KeypadsChapter 12: Accepting User Input with TouchscreensChapter 13: Meet the Arduino FamilyChapter 14: Motors and MovementChapter 15: Using GPS with Your ArduinoChapter 16: Wireless DataChapter 17: Infrared Remote ControlChapter 18: Reading RFID TagsChapter 19: Data BusesChapter 20: Real-time ClocksChapter 21: The InternetChapter 22: Cellular Communications

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Book SynopsisDiscusses about the Three Gorges Dam, a hydroelectric dam that spans the Yangzi River in China.

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Book SynopsisDrawing on his long and practical experience [the author gives] guidance which only the foolhardy would reject without good reason for doing so. With this manual beside him, many an arbitrator will, I feel sure, sleep the sounder.' - The Rt Hon The Lord Bingham of Cornhill. The preparation of an arbitrator''s award requires a rigorous approach to the consideration of submissions and evidence, and to the decisions stemming from that consideration, and the arbitrator must be competent to draft a valid and enforceable award. These tasks can be complex for any arbitrator, particularly so for the less experienced. This book has been written to provide clear and practical guidance, whilst emphasising that there is no standard method of preparing or writing an award. It includes illustrations relating to a wide range of types of award. It will be of interest to all arbitrators and those involved in the process, whether they are concerned with commodities, Trade ReviewThis book is the product of decades of practice and experience and it draws on a deep study of the process of arbitration. Although it is written for the domestic market and for arbitrations governed by the Arbitration Act 1996, it is relevant to arbitrations that are not governed by the law of England and Wales and where a reasoned award is required. Ray Turner’s book is intended to be a manual or vade mecum and it succeeds impressively. There will be few arbitrators who would not profit by having it to hand.—International Construction Law Review 'Drawing on his long and practical experience [the author gives] guidance which only the foolhardy would reject without good reason for doing so. With this manual beside him, many an arbitrator will, I feel sure, sleep the sounder.’ -The Rt Hon The Lord Bingham of Cornhill 'If it had been available when I was starting as an arbitrator I would have been saved considerable pain and grief, and a lot of embarrassment. The layout of the book is logical and straightforward, making it easy to use and to follow. I found it compulsive reading... All in all a very useful book, well constructed and practical, which should be on the shelf (or better still, the desk) of every practising or aspiring arbitrator.' Arbitration 2005. 'There is an abundance of information and advice that will be invaluable to arbitrators in any common law jurisdiction, and arguably beyond....[The author is] renowned for both his incisiveness and his ability to explain difficult technical concepts in simple language.....Concise but comprehensive, this book is the work of a master of his craft.' Asian Dispute Review. 'An extremely practical approach to writing arbritation awards' Eric J Mouzer FRICSTable of ContentsPart A Introduction. Chapter 1: A preliminary introduction; 1.1 Purpose and nature; 1.1.1 Definition. 1.1.2 Purpose; 1.1.3 Nature; 1.1.4 Requirement for natural justice; 1.2 Relevant law; 1.2.1 General; 1.2.2 The Arbitration Act 1996; 1.3 Requirements of an enforceable award; 1.3.1 Formal requirements: 1 Writing and signature: 2 Identification of the parties: 3 Recitals: 4 Reasons: 5 Date: 6 Statement of Seat: 7 Issues dealt with: 8 Notification; 1.3.2 Substantive requirements: 1 Cogency: 2 Completeness: 3 Certainty: 4 Finality: 5 Enforceability: 6 Jurisdiction: 7 Legality: 8 Possibility: 9 Consistency: 10 Compliance with submission; 1.4 Distinctions from a judgement; 1.5 Illustrative monetary award (See Appendix 3). Part B Background principles. Chapter 2: Types of awards; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 "Substantive" awards; 2.2.1 Monetary awards; 2.2.2 Declaratory awards; 2.2.3 Performance awards; 2.2.4 Injunctive awards; 2.2.5 Rectificative awards: 1 Rectification: 2 Setting aside: 3 Cancellation; 2.3 "Supportive" awards; 2.3.1 Awards on jurisdiction; 2.3.2 Agreed awards; 2.3.3 Awards on separate issues; 2.3.4 Awards on reserved matters; 2.3.5 Corrective or additional awards; 2.3.6 Awards following remission; 2.3.7 Awards giving further reasons; 2.3.8 Awards following payment during the reference; 2.3.9 Awards following: 1 earlier order giving provisional relief under section 39: 2 earlier adjudicator's decision; 2.3.10 Unreasoned awards; 2.4 "Procedural" awards; 2.4.1 Awards dismissing the claim; 2.4.2 Awards on abandonment; 2.5 "Institutional" awards; 2.5.1 Awards under rules or other statutes; 2.5.2 Awards under "consumer" schemes; 2.6 "Ancillary" awards. 2.6.1 When is an award (perhaps) not an award?. Chapter 3: Style, content and check-lists; 3.1 Style; 3.1.1 Narrative style; 3.1.2 Language; 3.1.3 Headings and list of contents; 3.1.4 Reasons and their incorporation; 3.1.5 Checking; 3.2 Content; 3.2.1 In general; 3.2.2 Basic structure; 3.3 Expanded check-list; 3.3.1 Section A Heading; 3.3.2 Section B Background; 3.3.3 Section B1 Identification and jurisdiction; 3.3.4 Section B2 Interlocutory procedural matters; 3.3.5 Section B3 Hearing; 3.3.6 Section C Submissions and evidence; 3.3.7 Section D Analysis/findings/reasons/decisions; 3.3.8 Section E Value Added Tax implications; 3.3.9 Section F Interest; 3.3.10 Section G Costs; 3.3.11 Section H Operative section; 3.3.12 Section I Reserved matters; 3.3.13 Section J Signature and formalities; 3.3.14 Final check. Chapter 4: An approach to decision-making; 4.1 Background; 4.2 Underlying matters; 4.3 The components of decision-making; 4.3.1 The substantive issues: 1 Basis of determination: 2 Collation of information: 3 Consideration of submissions: Agreed facts, Uncontested facts, Documentary evidence, Inspection of the subject-matter, Expert evidence, Facts to be found from consideration of evidence, Applicable law (or other basis), The pleadings/ opening and closing submissions: 4 Determination, issue by issue: 5 Accumulation of related issues: 6 Decision-making tasks - substantive issues: 7 Condensing reasons into suitable form; 4.3.2 Value Added Tax: 1 Background: General, Likely circumstances: 2 Decision-making tasks relating to VAT; 4.3.3 Interest: 1 Background, General, Restraint on discretion, Set-off?, Possible complexities, Post-award interest: 2 Decision-making tasks relating to interest; 4.3.4 Costs:1 Background: General, Costs follow the event, except ..., Basis of determination of recoverable costs, Effect of offer of settlement, Set-off?, Quantum, Arbitrator's fees and expenses: 2 Decision-making tasks relating to costs; 4.3.5 Reserved matters. Chapter 5: Synthesis of an award; 5.1 Introduction to the illustrations; 5.2 The basic scenario; 5.3 Synthesis of an award; 5.3.1 Section A The Heading; 5.3.2 Section B Background; 5.3.3 Section B1 Identification and jurisdiction: 1 Identification of the parties: 2 Contract, or other relationship.3 Law of the contract:4 Arbitration agreement: 5 Provisions for appointment: 6 Applicable rules: 7 A dispute having arisen: 8 Nature of the dispute and matters in issue: 9 Appointment: 10 Challenge to jurisdiction: 11 Basis for decision: 12 Other matters; 5.3.4 Section B2 Interlocutory procedural matters: 1 Transfers: 2 Seat: 3 Interlocutory agreement on rules, powers or procedures Procedural/ evidential matters, Consolidation/ concurrent hearings, Experts, legal advisers, assessors, Property the subject of proceedings, Preservation of evidence: 4 Use of uncommon powers: 5 Clarification/ amendment of issues: 6 Previous awards: 7 Issue(s) to be determined by this award: 8 Meetings: preliminary, further, review: 9 Consequent/ subsequent applications/ orders Attended hearing or "documents only", Type of statements, timetable, Disclosure/ production of documents, Exchange of witness proofs and experts' reports, Meetings of experts, Language and translation, Questions to be put, Other relevant matters: 10 Resultant party action Brief details of exchange, Admissions or agreements, result of meeting(s) of experts, Any resultant reduction in/ expansion of matters in issue: 11 Other directions and/or administrative actions Orders for security, Limitation of costs, Any valid "costs in any event" agreement, Any "costs in any event" directions:12 Provisional orders: 13 Party default (and consequence Inordinate or inexcusable delay, Failure to comply with order/direction: 14 Peremptory orders: 15 Other relevant matters; 5.3.5 Section B3 Hearing: 1 Transfers: 2 Hearing: 3 Failure to attend / ex parte proceedings: 4 Representation and witnesses: 5 Oral evidence: 6 Default during hearing: 7 Inspection: 8 Agreed list of issues: 9 Other matters; 5.3.6 Section C Submissions and evidence: 1 The contentions: 2 Opening and closing submissions: 3 Witnesses / evidence, if not covered in B Identification of witnesses, Precis of relevant evidence, Equivalent description in ex-parte proceedings: 4 Inspection, if not covered in B Purpose of inspection, Result of inspection: 5 Other matters; 5.3.7 Section D Analysis/ findings/reasons/ decisions: 1 List of issues: 2 Common ground: 3 Analysis of submissions and evidence Facts/ law/ application/ decision, Interest as special damages, Decision on substantive issue(s), Counterclaim or set-off: 4 Summary of decisions on substantive issues: 5 Amounts paid during period of arbitration; 5.3.8 Section E Value Added Tax implications: 1 Dealing with Value Added Tax; 5.3.9 Section F Interest: 1 Interest within the award: 2 Post-award interest; 5.3.10 Section G Costs: 1 Award of costs; 5.3.11 Section H Operative Section (Award): 1 Introduction: 2 Type of award: 3 Conditions or terms: 4 Time for performance: 5 Post-award interest: 6 Value Added Tax: 7 Costs; 5.3.12 Section I Reserved matters; 5.3.13 Section J Signature and formalities. Part D Illustrations. Chapter 6: Substantive awards; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 A Monetary award; 6.3 A Monetary award without any counterclaim; 6.3.1 Where the claim is successful: 1 Summary; 6.3.2 Where the claim fails; 6.4 A Monetary award with a counterclaim; 6.4.1 Counterclaim which constitutes a set-off: 1 Heading and Preamble: 2 Dispute/ matters in issue: 3 Issues in this award: 4 Inspections: 5 Contentions re Counterclaim: 6 Analysis/ Decisions/ Counterclaim or set-off: 7 VAT implications: 8 Interest: 9 Costs - single event: 10 Operative section; 6.4.2 Counterclaim which does not constitute a set-off: 1 Background and submissions: 2 Counterclaim or set-off: 3 Interest: 4 Costs - separate events: 5 Operative section: 6 Reserved matters; 6.4.3 Counterclaim variants; 6.5 A Declaratory award; 6.6 A Performance award; 6.7 An Injunctive award; 6.8 A Rectificative award. Chapter 7: Supportive awards; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 An award on jurisdiction; 7.3 An agreed award; 7.4 Awards on separate issues; 7.4.1 The first award; 7.4.2 Subsequent awards; 7.5 An award on reserved matters; 7.5.1 On matters other than the amount of recoverable costs; 7.5.2 On the amount of recoverable costs; 7.6 A corrective or additional award; 7.6.1 A Corrective award; 7.6.2 An Additional award; 7.7 An award following remission; 7.8 An award giving further reasons; 7.9 An award following payment during the reference; 7.9.1 Where payment made no provision for interest; 7.9.2 Where payment made provision for interest; 7.10 An award following; 7.10.1 an earlier order giving provisional relief: 1 relating to substantive claim: 2 relating to costs; 7.10.2 an earlier adjudication; 7.11 An unreasoned award. Chapter 8: Procedural awards; Institutional awards; Ancillary awards; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Procedural awards; 8.2.1 An award dismissing the claim: 1 entire claim: 2 certain (but not all) issues; 8.2.2 An award on abandonment: 1 Settlement in unknown amount: 2 Abandonment as such "Closing order", Abandonment before acceptance of appointment, Abandonment after acceptance of appointment, It could have been an award, but ...;8.3 Institutional awards; 8.3.1 An award under rules (or other statute); 8.3.2 An award under a "consumer" scheme; 8.4 Ancillary awards; 8.4.1 When is an award (perhaps) not an award?. Part E Variants. Chapter 9: Other options and variations in content; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Format of this chapter; 9.3 Options and variations; Section A 9.3.1 Heading; Section B 9.3.2 Background; Section B1 9.3.3 Identification and jurisdiction: 1 Identification of the parties/Contract or other relationship A claim in tort / submission agreement: 2 Provision for appointment/ Appointment Appointment by appointing authority: 3 Basis for decision; Section B2 9.3.4 Interlocutory procedural matters: 1 Seat: 2 Interlocutory agreement on rules, powers or procedures On procedural and evidential matters, On consolidation / concurrent hearings, On appointment of experts, Relating to property ..., On preservation of evidence: 3 Use of "uncommon" powers: 4 Meetings ...pre-hearing review: 5 Consequent and subsequent applications and orders Attended hearing or "documents only"?: 6 Resultant party action Result of meeting(s) of experts: 7 Other directions and/or administrative action Orders for security, Limitation of costs: 8 Provisional orders: 9 Party default/ Peremptory orders; Section B3 9.3.5 Hearing: 1 Failure to attend / ex-parte proceedings; Section C 9.3.6 Submissions and evidence: 1 Rules of evidence - relaxation; Section D 9.3.7 Analysis etc: 1 Analysis under section 46(1)(b): 2 Appended reasons; Section E 9.3.8 Value Added Tax: 1 VAT not applicable: 2 VAT as a component of damages; Section F 9.3.9 Interest: 1 Intervening event; Section G 9.3.10 Costs: 1 Award on reserved liability for costs/ rejected offer of settlement; Section H 9.3.11 Operative section: 1 Time for performance/ compliance: 2 Post-award interest - starting date: 3 Release or disposal of security for costs; 9.4 Tribunals other than a sole arbitrator; 9.5 Multi-party arbitrations; 9.6 Effect of party autonomy. Part F Appendices. Appendix 1 Expanded check-list (from Chapter 3). Appendix 2 Manual collation of submissions and evidence. Appendix 3 Substantive monetary award (from Chapter 5). .

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface xvii Acknowledgment xxvii 1 A Comprehensive Study of Security Issues and Research Challenges in Different Layers of Service-Oriented IoT Architecture 1 Ankur O. Bang, Udai Pratap Rao and Amit A. Bhusari 1.1 Introduction and Related Work 2 1.2 IoT: Evolution, Applications and Security Requirements 4 1.2.1 IoT and Its Evolution 5 1.2.2 Different Applications of IoT 5 1.2.3 Different Things in IoT 7 1.2.4 Security Requirements in IoT 8 1.3 Service-Oriented IoT Architecture and IoT Protocol Stack 10 1.3.1 Service-Oriented IoT Architecture 10 1.3.2 IoT Protocol Stack 11 1.3.2.1 Application Layer Protocols 12 1.3.2.2 Transport Layer Protocols 13 1.3.2.3 Network Layer Protocols 15 1.3.2.4 Link Layer and Physical Layer Protocols 16 1.4 Anatomy of Attacks on Service-Oriented IoT Architecture 24 1.4.1 Attacks on Software Service 24 1.4.1.1 Operating System–Level Attacks 24 1.4.1.2 Application-Level Attacks 25 1.4.1.3 Firmware-Level Attacks 25 1.4.2 Attacks on Devices 26 1.4.3 Attacks on Communication Protocols 26 1.4.3.1 Attacks on Application Layer Protocols 26 1.4.3.2 Attacks on Transport Layer Protocols 28 1.4.3.3 Attacks on Network Layer Protocols 28 1.4.3.4 Attacks on Link and Physical Layer Protocols 30 1.5 Major Security Issues in Service-Oriented IoT Architecture 31 1.5.1 Application – Interface Layer 32 1.5.2 Service Layer 33 1.5.3 Network Layer 33 1.5.4 Sensing Layer 34 1.6 Conclusion 35 References 36 2 Quantum and Post-Quantum Cryptography 45 Om Pal, Manoj Jain, B.K. Murthy and Vinay Thakur 2.1 Introduction 46 2.2 Security of Modern Cryptographic Systems 46 2.2.1 Classical and Quantum Factoring of A Large Number 47 2.2.2 Classical and Quantum Search of An Item 49 2.3 Quantum Key Distribution 49 2.3.1 BB84 Protocol 50 2.3.1.1 Proposed Key Verification Phase for BB84 51 2.3.2 E91 Protocol 51 2.3.3 Practical Challenges of Quantum Key Distribution 52 2.3.4 Multi-Party Quantum Key Agreement Protocol 53 2.4 Post-Quantum Digital Signature 53 2.4.1 Signatures Based on Lattice Techniques 54 2.4.2 Signatures Based on Multivariate Quadratic Techniques 55 2.4.3 Hash-Based Signature Techniques 55 2.5 Conclusion and Future Directions 55 References 56 3 Artificial Neural Network Applications in Analysis of Forensic Science 59 K.R. Padma and K.R. Don 3.1 Introduction 60 3.2 Digital Forensic Analysis Knowledge 61 3.3 Answer Set Programming in Digital Investigations 61 3.4 Data Science Processing with Artificial Intelligence Models 63 3.5 Pattern Recognition Techniques 63 3.6 ANN Applications 65 3.7 Knowledge on Stages of Digital Forensic Analysis 65 3.8 Deep Learning and Modelling 67 3.9 Conclusion 68 References 69 4 A Comprehensive Survey of Fully Homomorphic Encryption from Its Theory to Applications 73 Rashmi Salavi, Dr. M. M. Math and Dr. U. P. Kulkarni 4.1 Introduction 73 4.2 Homomorphic Encryption Techniques 76 4.2.1 Partial Homomorphic Encryption Schemes 77 4.2.2 Fully Homomorphic Encryption Schemes 78 4.3 Homomorphic Encryption Libraries 79 4.4 Computations on Encrypted Data 83 4.5 Applications of Homomorphic Encryption 85 4.6 Conclusion 86 References 87 5 Understanding Robotics through Synthetic Psychology 91 Garima Saini and Dr. Shabnam 5.1 Introduction 91 5.2 Physical Capabilities of Robots 92 5.2.1 Artificial Intelligence and Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) 93 5.2.2 Social Skill Development and Activity Engagement 93 5.2.3 Autism Spectrum Disorders 93 5.2.4 Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Dementia 94 5.2.5 Improving Psychosocial Outcomes through Robotics 94 5.2.6 Clients with Disabilities and Robotics 94 5.2.7 Ethical Concerns and Robotics 95 5.3 Traditional Psychology, Neuroscience and Future Robotics 95 5.4 Synthetic Psychology and Robotics: A Vision of the Future 97 5.5 Synthetic Psychology: The Foresight 98 5.6 Synthetic Psychology and Mathematical Optimization 99 5.7 Synthetic Psychology and Medical Diagnosis 99 5.7.1 Virtual Assistance and Robotics 100 5.7.2 Drug Discovery and Robotics 100 5.8 Conclusion 101 References 101 6 An Insight into Digital Forensics: History, Frameworks, Types and Tools 105 G Maria Jones and S Godfrey Winster 6.1 Overview 105 6.2 Digital Forensics 107 6.2.1 Why Do We Need Forensics Process? 107 6.2.2 Forensics Process Principles 108 6.3 Digital Forensics History 108 6.3.1 1985 to 1995 108 6.3.2 1995 to 2005 109 6.3.3 2005 to 2015 110 6.4 Evolutionary Cycle of Digital Forensics 111 6.4.1 Ad Hoc 111 6.4.2 Structured Phase 111 6.4.3 Enterprise Phase 112 6.5 Stages of Digital Forensics Process 112 6.5.1 Stage 1 - 1995 to 2003 112 6.5.2 Stage II - 2004 to 2007 113 6.5.3 Stage III - 2007 to 2014 114 6.6 Types of Digital Forensics 115 6.6.1 Cloud Forensics 116 6.6.2 Mobile Forensics 116 6.6.3 IoT Forensics 116 6.6.4 Computer Forensics 117 6.6.5 Network Forensics 117 6.6.6 Database Forensics 118 6.7 Evidence Collection and Analysis 118 6.8 Digital Forensics Tools 119 6.8.1 X-Ways Forensics 119 6.8.2 SANS Investigative Forensics Toolkit – SIFT 119 6.8.3 EnCase 119 6.8.4 The Sleuth Kit/Autopsy 122 6.8.5 Oxygen Forensic Suite 122 6.8.6 Xplico 122 6.8.7 Computer Online Forensic Evidence Extractor (COFEE) 122 6.8.8 Cellebrite UFED 122 6.8.9 OSForeniscs 123 6.8.10 Computer-Aided Investigative Environment (CAINE) 123 6.9 Summary 123 References 123 7 Digital Forensics as a Service: Analysis for Forensic Knowledge 127 Soumi Banerjee, Anita Patil, Dipti Jadhav and Gautam Borkar 7.1 Introduction 127 7.2 Objective 128 7.3 Types of Digital Forensics 129 7.3.1 Network Forensics 129 7.3.2 Computer Forensics 142 7.3.3 Data Forensics 147 7.3.4 Mobile Forensics 149 7.3.5 Big Data Forensics 154 7.3.6 IoT Forensics 155 7.3.7 Cloud Forensics 157 7.4 Conclusion 161 References 161 8 4S Framework: A Practical CPS Design Security Assessment & Benchmarking Framework 163 Neel A. Patel, Dhairya A. Parekh, Yash A. Shah and Ramchandra Mangrulkar 8.1 Introduction 164 8.2 Literature Review 166 8.3 Medical Cyber Physical System (MCPS) 170 8.3.1 Difference between CPS and MCPS 171 8.3.2 MCPS Concerns, Potential Threats, Security 171 8.4 CPSSEC vs. Cyber Security 172 8.5 Proposed Framework 173 8.5.1 4S Definitions 174 8.5.2 4S Framework-Based CPSSEC Assessment Process 175 8.5.3 4S Framework-Based CPSSEC Assessment Score Breakdown & Formula 181 8.6 Assessment of Hypothetical MCPS Using 4S Framework 187 8.6.1 System Description 187 8.6.2 Use Case Diagram for the Above CPS 188 8.6.3 Iteration 1 of 4S Assessment 189 8.6.4 Iteration 2 of 4S Assessment 195 8.7 Conclusion 200 8.8 Future Scope 201 References 201 9 Ensuring Secure Data Sharing in IoT Domains Using Blockchain 205 Tawseef Ahmed Teli, Rameez Yousuf and Dawood Ashraf Khan 9.1 IoT and Blockchain 205 9.1.1 Public 208 9.1.1.1 Proof of Work (PoW) 209 9.1.1.2 Proof of Stake (PoS) 209 9.1.1.3 Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) 210 9.1.2 Private 210 9.1.3 Consortium or Federated 210 9.2 IoT Application Domains and Challenges in Data Sharing 211 9.3 Why Blockchain? 214 9.4 IoT Data Sharing Security Mechanism On Blockchain 216 9.4.1 Double-Chain Mode Based On Blockchain Technology 216 9.4.2 Blockchain Structure Based On Time Stamp 217 9.5 Conclusion 219 References 219 10 A Review of Face Analysis Techniques for Conventional and Forensic Applications 223 Chethana H.T. and Trisiladevi C. Nagavi 10.1 Introduction 224 10.2 Face Recognition 225 10.2.1 Literature Review on Face Recognition 226 10.2.2 Challenges in Face Recognition 228 10.2.3 Applications of Face Recognition 229 10.3 Forensic Face Recognition 229 10.3.1 Literature Review on Face Recognition for Forensics 231 10.3.2 Challenges of Face Recognition in Forensics 233 10.3.3 Possible Datasets Used for Forensic Face Recognition 235 10.3.4 Fundamental Factors for Improving Forensics Science 235 10.3.5 Future Perspectives 237 10.4 Conclusion 238 References 238 11 Roadmap of Digital Forensics Investigation Process with Discovery of Tools 241 Anita Patil, Soumi Banerjee, Dipti Jadhav and Gautam Borkar 11.1 Introduction 242 11.2 Phases of Digital Forensics Process 244 11.2.1 Phase I - Identification 244 11.2.2 Phase II - Acquisition and Collection 245 11.2.3 Phase III - Analysis and Examination 245 11.2.4 Phase IV - Reporting 245 11.3 Analysis of Challenges and Need of Digital Forensics 246 11.3.1 Digital Forensics Process has following Challenges 246 11.3.2 Needs of Digital Forensics Investigation 247 11.3.3 Other Common Attacks Used to Commit the Crime 248 11.4 Appropriateness of Forensics Tool 248 11.4.1 Level of Skill 248 11.4.2 Outputs 252 11.4.3 Region of Emphasis 252 11.4.4 Support for Additional Hardware 252 11.5 Phase-Wise Digital Forensics Techniques 253 11.5.1 Identification 253 11.5.2 Acquisition 254 11.5.3 Analysis 256 11.5.3.1 Data Carving 257 11.5.3.2 Different Curving Techniques 259 11.5.3.3 Volatile Data Forensic Toolkit Used to Collect and Analyze the Data from Device 260 11.5.4 Report Writing 265 11.6 Pros and Cons of Digital Forensics Investigation Process 266 11.6.1 Advantages of Digital Forensics 266 11.6.2 Disadvantages of Digital Forensics 266 11.7 Conclusion 267 References 267 12 Utilizing Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Cybesecurity: An Innovative Approach 271 Dushyant Kaushik, Muskan Garg, Annu, Ankur Gupta and Sabyasachi Pramanik 12.1 Introduction 271 12.1.1 Protections of Cybersecurity 272 12.1.2 Machine Learning 274 12.1.3 Deep Learning 276 12.1.4 Machine Learning and Deep Learning: Similarities and Differences 278 12.2 Proposed Method 281 12.2.1 The Dataset Overview 282 12.2.2 Data Analysis and Model for Classification 283 12.3 Experimental Studies and Outcomes Analysis 283 12.3.1 Metrics on Performance Assessment 284 12.3.2 Result and Outcomes 285 12.3.2.1 Issue 1: Classify the Various Categories of Feedback Related to the Malevolent Code Provided 285 12.3.2.2 Issue 2: Recognition of the Various Categories of Feedback Related to the Malware Presented 286 12.3.2.3 Issue 3: According to the Malicious Code, Distinguishing Various Forms of Malware 287 12.3.2.4 Issue 4: Detection of Various Malware Styles Based on Different Responses 287 12.3.3 Discussion 288 12.4 Conclusions and Future Scope 289 References 292 13 Applications of Machine Learning Techniques in the Realm of Cybersecurity 295 Koushal Kumar and Bhagwati Prasad Pande 13.1 Introduction 296 13.2 A Brief Literature Review 298 13.3 Machine Learning and Cybersecurity: Various Issues 300 13.3.1 Effectiveness of ML Technology in Cybersecurity Systems 300 13.3.2 Machine Learning Problems and Challenges in Cybersecurity 302 13.3.2.1 Lack of Appropriate Datasets 302 13.3.2.2 Reduction in False Positives and False Negatives 302 13.3.2.3 Adversarial Machine Learning 302 13.3.2.4 Lack of Feature Engineering Techniques 303 13.3.2.5 Context-Awareness in Cybersecurity 303 13.3.3 Is Machine Learning Enough to Stop Cybercrime? 304 13.4 ML Datasets and Algorithms Used in Cybersecurity 304 13.4.1 Study of Available ML-Driven Datasets Available for Cybersecurity 304 13.4.1.1 KDD Cup 1999 Dataset (DARPA1998) 305 13.4.1.2 NSL-KDD Dataset 305 13.4.1.3 ECML-PKDD 2007 Discovery Challenge Dataset 305 13.4.1.4 Malicious URL’s Detection Dataset 306 13.4.1.5 ISOT (Information Security and Object Technology) Botnet Dataset 306 13.4.1.6 CTU-13 Dataset 306 13.4.1.7 MAWILab Anomaly Detection Dataset 307 13.4.1.8 ADFA-LD and ADFA-WD Datasets 307 13.4.2 Applications ML Algorithms in Cybersecurity Affairs 307 13.4.2.1 Clustering 309 13.4.2.2 Support Vector Machine (SVM) 309 13.4.2.3 Nearest Neighbor (NN) 309 13.4.2.4 Decision Tree 309 13.4.2.5 Dimensionality Reduction 310 13.5 Applications of Machine Learning in the Realm of Cybersecurity 310 13.5.1 Facebook Monitors and Identifies Cybersecurity Threats with ML 310 13.5.2 Microsoft Employs ML for Security 311 13.5.3 Applications of ML by Google 312 13.6 Conclusions 313 References 313 14 Security Improvement Technique for Distributed Control System (DCS) and Supervisory Control-Data Acquisition (SCADA) Using Blockchain at Dark Web Platform 317 Anand Singh Rajawat, Romil Rawat and Kanishk Barhanpurkar 14.1 Introduction 318 14.2 Significance of Security Improvement in DCS and SCADA 322 14.3 Related Work 323 14.4 Proposed Methodology 324 14.4.1 Algorithms Used for Implementation 327 14.4.2 Components of a Blockchain 327 14.4.3 MERKLE Tree 328 14.4.4 The Technique of Stack and Work Proof 328 14.4.5 Smart Contracts 329 14.5 Result Analysis 329 14.6 Conclusion 330 References 331 15 Recent Techniques for Exploitation and Protection of Common Malicious Inputs to Online Applications 335 Dr. Tun Myat Aung and Ni Ni Hla 15.1 Introduction 335 15.2 SQL Injection 336 15.2.1 Introduction 336 15.2.2 Exploitation Techniques 337 15.2.2.1 In-Band SQL Injection 337 15.2.2.2 Inferential SQL Injection 338 15.2.2.3 Out-of-Band SQL Injection 340 15.2.3 Causes of Vulnerability 340 15.2.4 Protection Techniques 341 15.2.4.1 Input Validation 341 15.2.4.2 Data Sanitization 341 15.2.4.3 Use of Prepared Statements 342 15.2.4.4 Limitation of Database Permission 343 15.2.4.5 Using Encryption 343 15.3 Cross Site Scripting 344 15.3.1 Introduction 344 15.3.2 Exploitation Techniques 344 15.3.2.1 Reflected Cross Site Scripting 345 15.3.2.2 Stored Cross Site Scripting 345 15.3.2.3 DOM-Based Cross Site Scripting 346 15.3.3 Causes of Vulnerability 346 15.3.4 Protection Techniques 347 15.3.4.1 Data Validation 347 15.3.4.2 Data Sanitization 347 15.3.4.3 Escaping on Output 347 15.3.4.4 Use of Content Security Policy 348 15.4 Cross Site Request Forgery 349 15.4.1 Introduction 349 15.4.2 Exploitation Techniques 349 15.4.2.1 HTTP Request with GET Method 349 15.4.2.2 HTTP Request with POST Method 350 15.4.3 Causes of Vulnerability 350 15.4.3.1 Session Cookie Handling Mechanism 350 15.4.3.2 HTML Tag 351 15.4.3.3 Browser’s View Source Option 351 15.4.3.4 GET and POST Method 351 15.4.4 Protection Techniques 351 15.4.4.1 Checking HTTP Referer 351 15.4.4.2 Using Custom Header 352 15.4.4.3 Using Anti-CSRF Tokens 352 15.4.4.4 Using a Random Value for each Form Field 352 15.4.4.5 Limiting the Lifetime of Authentication Cookies 353 15.5 Command Injection 353 15.5.1 Introduction 353 15.5.2 Exploitation Techniques 354 15.5.3 Causes of Vulnerability 354 15.5.4 Protection Techniques 355 15.6 File Inclusion 355 15.6.1 Introduction 355 15.6.2 Exploitation Techniques 355 15.6.2.1 Remote File Inclusion 355 15.6.2.2 Local File Inclusion 356 15.6.3 Causes of Vulnerability 357 15.6.4 Protection Techniques 357 15.7 Conclusion 358 References 358 16 Ransomware: Threats, Identification and Prevention 361 Sweta Thakur, Sangita Chaudhari and Bharti Joshi 16.1 Introduction 361 16.2 Types of Ransomwares 364 16.2.1 Locker Ransomware 364 16.2.1.1 Reveton Ransomware 365 16.2.1.2 Locky Ransomware 366 16.2.1.3 CTB Locker Ransomware 366 16.2.1.4 TorrentLocker Ransomware 366 16.2.2 Crypto Ransomware 367 16.2.2.1 PC Cyborg Ransomware 367 16.2.2.2 OneHalf Ransomware 367 16.2.2.3 GPCode Ransomware 367 16.2.2.4 CryptoLocker Ransomware 368 16.2.2.5 CryptoDefense Ransomware 368 16.2.2.6 CryptoWall Ransomware 368 16.2.2.7 TeslaCrypt Ransomware 368 16.2.2.8 Cerber Ransomware 368 16.2.2.9 Jigsaw Ransomware 369 16.2.2.10 Bad Rabbit Ransomware 369 16.2.2.11 WannaCry Ransomware 369 16.2.2.12 Petya Ransomware 369 16.2.2.13 Gandcrab Ransomware 369 16.2.2.14 Rapid Ransomware 370 16.2.2.15 Ryuk Ransomware 370 16.2.2.16 Lockergoga Ransomware 370 16.2.2.17 PewCrypt Ransomware 370 16.2.2.18 Dhrama/Crysis Ransomware 370 16.2.2.19 Phobos Ransomware 371 16.2.2.20 Malito Ransomware 371 16.2.2.21 LockBit Ransomware 371 16.2.2.22 GoldenEye Ransomware 371 16.2.2.23 REvil or Sodinokibi Ransomware 371 16.2.2.24 Nemty Ransomware 371 16.2.2.25 Nephilim Ransomware 372 16.2.2.26 Maze Ransomware 372 16.2.2.27 Sekhmet Ransomware 372 16.2.3 MAC Ransomware 372 16.2.3.1 KeRanger Ransomware 373 16.2.3.2 Go Pher Ransomware 373 16.2.3.3 FBI Ransom Ransomware 373 16.2.3.4 File Coder 373 16.2.3.5 Patcher 373 16.2.3.6 ThiefQuest Ransomware 374 16.2.3.7 Keydnap Ransomware 374 16.2.3.8 Bird Miner Ransomware 374 16.3 Ransomware Life Cycle 374 16.4 Detection Strategies 376 16.4.1 Unevil 376 16.4.2 Detecting File Lockers 376 16.4.3 Detecting Screen Lockers 377 16.4.4 Connection-Monitor and Connection-Breaker Approach 377 16.4.5 Ransomware Detection by Mining API Call Usage 377 16.4.6 A New Static-Based Framework for Ransomware Detection 377 16.4.7 White List-Based Ransomware Real-Time Detection Prevention (WRDP) 378 16.5 Analysis of Ransomware 378 16.5.1 Static Analysis 379 16.5.2 Dynamic Analysis 379 16.6 Prevention Strategies 380 16.6.1 Access Control 380 16.6.2 Recovery After Infection 380 16.6.3 Trapping Attacker 380 16.7 Ransomware Traits Analysis 380 16.8 Research Directions 384 16.9 Conclusion 384 References 384 Index 389

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Book SynopsisIt was on July 5, 1943, when Plowman's Folly was first issued, that the author startled a lethargic public, long bemused by the apparently insoluble problem of soil depletion, by saying, simply, “The fact is that no one has ever advanced a scientific reason for plowing.” With the key sentence, he opened a new era.Trade ReviewProbably no book on an agricultural subject has ever prompted so much discussion in this country.""- Louis Bromfield in The Reader's Digest

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Book SynopsisLearn more about the history, foundations, and applications of fuzzy logic in this comprehensive resource by an academic leader Introduction to Fuzzy Logic delivers a high-level but accessible introduction to the rapidly growing and evolving field of fuzzy logic and its applications. Distinguished engineer, academic, and author James K. Peckol covers a wide variety of practical topics, including the differences between crisp and fuzzy logic, the people and professions who find fuzzy logic useful, and the advantages of using fuzzy logic. While the book assumes a solid foundation in embedded systems, including basic logic design, and C/C++ programming, it is written in a practical and easy-to-read style that engages the reader and assists in learning and retention. The author includes introductions of threshold and perceptron logic to further enhance the applicability of the material contained within. After introducing readers to the topic with a brief description of the history and development of the field, Introduction to Fuzzy Logic goes on to discuss a wide variety of foundational and advanced topics, like: A review of Boolean algebra, including logic minimization with algebraic means and Karnaugh mapsA discussion of crisp sets, including classic set membership, set theory and operations, and basic classical crisp set propertiesA discussion of fuzzy sets, including the foundations of fuzzy sets logic, set membership functions, and fuzzy set propertiesAn analysis of fuzzy inference and approximate reasoning, along with the concepts of containment and entailment and relations between fuzzy subsetsPerfect for mid-level and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in electrical, mechanical, and computer engineering courses, Introduction to Fuzzy Logic covers topics included in many artificial intelligence, computational intelligence, and soft computing courses. Math students and professionals in a wide variety of fields will also significantly benefit from the material covered in this book.Table of ContentsPreface (1-11) Acknowledgements ( 1 ) About the Author ( 1 ) Introduction Chapter 1 A Brief Introduction and History 1 Introduction 1 Models of Human Reasoning 1 The Early Foundation 2 Building On The Past - From Those Who Laid The Foundation 3 A Learning and Reasoning Taxonomy 4 Rote Learning 4 Learning With a Teacher 5 Learning by Example 5 Analogical or Metaphorical Learning 6 Learning by Problem Solving 6 Learning By Discovery 7 Crisp and Fuzzy Logic 7 Starting To Think Fuzzy 7 History Revisited - Early Mathematics 9 Foundations of Fuzzy Logic 9 Fuzzy Logic And Approximate Reasoning 9 Non-Monotonic Reasoning 11 Sets and Logic 12 Classical Sets 12 Fuzzy Subsets 13 Fuzzy Membership Functions 14 Expert Systems 16 Summary 17 Review questions 17 Chapter 2 A Review of Boolean Algebra 19 Introduction to crisp logic and Boolean Algebra 19 Introduction to algebra 20 Postulates 20 Theorems 23 Getting some practice 24 Getting to work 24 Boolean Algebra 24 Implementation 28 Logic minimization 29 Algebraic Means 29 Karnaugh Maps 30 Applying the K-map 30 2 Variable K-Maps 31 3 Variable K-Maps 32 4 Variable K-Maps 33 Going Backwards 33 Don’t Care Variables 35 Summary 37 Review questions 37 Chapter 3 Crisp Sets and Sets and More Sets 38 Introducing the Basics 38 Introduction to Classic Sets and Set Membership 41 Classic Sets 41 Set Membership 41 Basic Classic Crisp Set Properties 45 Exploring Sets and Set Membership 46 Fundamental Terminology 47 Elementary Vocabulary 47 Classical Set Theory and Operations 49 Classic Set Logic 49 Basic Classical Crisp Set Properties 50 Basic Crisp Applications – A First Step 57 Summary 59 Review questions 60 Chapter 4 Fuzzy Sets and Sets and More Sets 61 Introducing Fuzzy 61 Early Mathematics 62 Foundations of Fuzzy Sets Logic 62 Introducing the Basics 64 Introduction to Fuzzy Sets and Set Membership 66 Fuzzy Subsets and Fuzzy Logic 66 Fuzzy Membership Functions 68 Fuzzy Set Theory and Operations 71 Fundamental Terminology 71 Basic Fuzzy Set Properties and Operations 72 Basic Fuzzy Applications – A First Step 83 A Crisp Activity revisited 83 Fuzzy Imprecision and Membership Functions 86 Linear Membership Functions 87 Curved Membership Functions 90 Summary 95 Review questions 96 Chapter 5 What do You Mean by That? 97 Language, Linguistic Variables, Sets And Hedges 97 Symbols And Sounds To Real World Objects 99 Crisp Sets a Second Look 99 Fuzzy Sets a Second Look 103 Linguistic Variables 103 Membership Functions 105 Hedges 106 Summary 110 Review questions 111 Chapter 6 If There Were Four Philosophers 112 Fuzzy Inference And Approximate Reasoning 112 Equality 113 Containment And Entailment 116 Relations Between Fuzzy Subsets 119 Union and Intersection 119 Conjunction and Disjunction 121 Conditional Relations 125 Composition Revisited 127 Max-Min Composition 128 Max-Product Composition 130 Inference In Fuzzy Logic 137 Summary 140 Review questions 141 Chapter 7 So How Do I Use This Stuff? 142 Introduction 142 Fuzzification and Defuzzification 143 Fuzzification 143 Defuzzification 146 Fuzzy Inference Revisited 147 Fuzzy Implication 148 Fuzzy Inference - Single Premise 149 Max Criterion 150 Mean of Maximum 151 Center of Gravity 152 Fuzzy Inference - Multiple Premises 153 Getting to work - Fuzzy Control and Fuzzy Expert Systems 154 Membership Functions 158 System Behavior 159 Defuzzification Strategy 160 Membership Functions 162 System Behavior 163 Defuzzification Strategy 164 Summary 165 Review questions 166 Chapter 8 I Can Do This Stuff !!! 167 Introduction 167 Applications 167 Design Methodology 168 Executing a Design Methodology 169 Summary 172 Review questions 172 Chapter 9 Moving to Threshold Logic !!! 173 Introduction 173 Threshold Logic 173 Executing a Threshold Logic Design 174 Designing an AND Gate 175 Designing an OR Gate 175 Designing a Fundamental Boolean Function 176 The Downfall of Threshold Logic Design 179 Summary 180 Review Questions 181 Chapter 10 Moving to Perceptron Logic !!! 182 Introduction 182 The Biological Neuron 183 Dissecting the Biological Neuron 184 The Artificial Neuron – A First Step 185 The Perceptron – The Second Step 189 The Basic Perceptron 190 Single and Multilayer Perceptron 192 Bias and Activation Function 193 Learning with Perceptrons – First Step 196 Learning with Perceptrons – The Learning Rule 197 Learning with Perceptrons –Second Step 200 Path of the Perceptron Inputs 201 Testing of the Perceptron 203 Summary 204 Review Questions 205 Appendix A Requirements and Design Specifications 207 Introduction 207 Identifying the requirements 209 Formulating the requirements specification 211 The Environment 212 Characterizing External Entities 212 The System 213 Characterizing the System 214 System Inputs And Outputs 214 Functional View 215 Operational View 215 Technological View 215 Safety, Security, And Reliability 216 The System Design Specification 223 The System 225 Quantifying the System 225 System Requirements Versus System Design Specifications 335 Appendix B Introduction to UML 237 Introduction 237 Use Cases 238 Writing a Use Case 240 Class Diagrams 241 Class Relationships 242 Inheritance or Generalization 242 Interface 243 Containment 243 Aggregation 243 Composition 244 Dynamic Modeling with UML 245 Interaction Diagrams 245 Call and Return 246 Create and Destroy 246 Send 247 Sequence diagrams 247 Fork and join 248 Branch and merge 249 Activity diagram 250 State chart diagrams 251 Events 251 State Machines and State Chart Diagrams 252 UML State Chart Diagrams 252 Transitions 253 Guard Conditions 253 Composite States 254 Sequential States 254 History States 255 Concurrent Substates 255 Data Source / Sink 256 Data Store 256 Preparing for Test 258 Thinking Test 258 Examining the Environment 259 Test Equipment 259 The Eye Diagram 260 Generating the Eye Diagram 260 Interpreting the Eye Diagram 261 Back of the Envelope Examination 262 A First Step Check List 262 Routing and Topology 263 Summary 263 Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewIf you're looking for a guide through the tangled thickets of global food systems, you can do no better than Jess Fanzo's book Can Fixing Dinner Fix the Planet?.—Eat This PodcastOverall, the book provides an insightful and convincing overview for anyone interested in food and sustainability.—L. A. Reisch, F. C. Doebbe, Journal of Consumer PolicyFanzo's position as an expert and thought leader in global food systems brings a balanced, informed, comprehensive approach to the text often missing in food policy books.—Journal of Public Health PolicyTable of ContentsPreface AcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Yes, We'll Have No BananasChapter 1. Are We What We Eat, or What We're Fed?Chapter 2. Can Cooking Curry in Cambodia Trigger a Tornado in Texas?Chapter 3. Do We Have the Right to Eat Wrongly?Chapter 4. Can Better Policies Create Better Food?Chapter 5. Can One Bee Save the Hive?NotesIndex

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Book SynopsisQuantum networks build on entanglement and quantum measurement to achieve tasks that are beyond the reach of classical systems. Using quantum effects, we can detect the presence of eavesdroppers, raise the sensitivity of scientific instruments such as telescopes, or teleport quantum data from one location to another. Long-distance entanglement can be used to execute important tasks such as Byzantine agreement and leader election in fewer rounds of communication than classical systems, improving the efficiency of operations that are critical in distributed systems.Table of ContentsNotations xiii Acknowledgements xv Introduction xix Chapter 1 Overview 1 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Quantum information 4 1.3 Quantum repeaters 10 1.4 Network architectures 15 1.5 Conclusions 20 Part 1 Fundamentals 23 Chapter 2 Quantum Background 25 2.1 Introduction 26 2.2 Schrodinger's equation 28 2.3 Qubits 29 2.4 Manipulating qubits 41 2.5 Bell pairs 47 2.6 The no-cloning theorem 53 2.7 Conclusion 54 Chapter 3 Networking Background 55 3.1 Concepts 56 3.2 Challenges in scaling up networks 63 3.3 Design patterns 65 3.4 The Internet 75 3.5 Conclusion 77 Chapter 4 Teleportation 79 4.1 The basic teleportation operation 79 4.2 Experimental demonstration of teleportation 82 4.3 State machines for teleportation 84 4.4 Teleporting gates 86 4.5 Conclusion 88 Part 2 Applications 91 Chapter 5 Quantum Key Distribution 93 5.1 QKD and the purpose of cryptography 94 5.2 BB84: single-photon QKD 97 5.3 E91: entanglement-based protocol 100 5.4 Using QKD 101 5.5 Existing QKD networks 105 5.6 Classical control protocols 109 5.7 Conclusion 111 Chapter 6 Distributed Digital Computation and Communication 113 6.1 Useful distributed quantum states 114 6.2 Coin flipping 118 6.3 Leader election 119 6.4 Quantum secret sharing 121 6.5 Byzantine agreement 126 6.6 Client-server and blind computation 128 6.7 Conclusion 130 Chapter 7 Entangled States as Reference Frames 131 7.1 Qubits in the environment 131 7.2 Distributed clock synchronization 135 7.3 Very long baseline optical interferometry 141 7.4 Conclusion 145 Part 3 Lines of Repeaters 147 Chapter 8 Physical Entanglement and Link-Layer Protocols 149 8.1 Creating entanglement using light 149 8.2 Memory and transceiver gubits 156 8.3 Link structure 161 8.4 State machines and protocol interactions 163 8.5 Managing density matrices in distributed software 164 8.6 Examples 169 8.7 Conclusion 173 Chapter 9 Purification 175 9.1 Measurement revisited 175 9.2 Basic purification 177 9.3 Scheduling purification 185 9.4 State machines and protocol interactions 187 9.5 More complex purification protocols 190 9.6 Experimental demonstrations 192 9.7 Conclusion 193 Chapter 10 Purfication and Entanglement Swapping-Based Repeaters 195 10.1 Hardware architectures 195 10.2 Getting from here to there 197 10.3 Nested purification session architecture 203 10.4 State machines and protocol interactions 206 10.5 Putting it all together 208 10.6 Considerations in the design of a simulator 215 10.7 Conclusion 217 Chapter 11 Quantum Error Correction-Based Repeaters 219 11.1 Quantum error correction 220 11.2 CSS repeaters 223 11.3 Surface code repeaters 230 11.4 Conclusion 235 Chapter 12 Finessing the Key Limitations 237 12.1 Quasi-asynchronous 238 12.2 Memoryless 244 12.3 Summary: comparing quantum communication approaches 247 12.4 Conclusion 251 Part 4 Networks of Repeaters 253 Chapter 13 Resource Management and Multiplexing 255 13.1 Simulated network and traffic 256 13.2 Simulations 259 13.3 Conclusion 263 Chapter 14 Routing 265 14.1 Introduction 265 14.2 Difficulties: differences between quantum and classical networks 267 14.3 Problems and solutions 268 14.4 Simulation and results 270 14.5 Conclusion 283 Chapter 15 Quantum Recursive Network Architecture 285 15.1 Review: network architecture 286 15.2 Recursive quantum requests 288 15.3 Implementing recursion in quantum networks 294 15.4 Example 295 15.5 Conclusion 298 Chapter 16 Coda 301 16.1 Future development 301 16.2 Open problems 303 16.3 Further readings for depth 304 16.4 Further readings for breadth 305 16.5 Final thoughts 307 Bibliograpy 309 Index 331

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Book SynopsisThe latest methods for troubleshooting and maintaining process equipmentThis extensively revised and updated practical resource fully explains how to diagnose, troubleshoot, and correct problems across a broad range of industriesâall without complex equations and without ever losing sight of the importance of direct field measurements and observations. This fifth edition features new and expanded coverage of: Causes and Effects of Wet Steam on Turbines and Strippers Distillation Design Errors and Inspecting Tower Internals Setting Pressure Relief Valves on Vessels and Heat Exchangers Reduction of Flare Losses Safer Procedures for Sampling Hazardous Material Taking Field Measurements Safely and Effectively Filled with real-world examples and illustrations, A Working Guide to Process Equipment, Fifth Edition clearly demonstrates how theory applies to solving real-world plant operation prob

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Book SynopsisSuper Polluters offers a groundbreaking global analysis of carbon pollution caused by the generation of electricity. The sociologists Don Grant, Andrew Jorgenson, and Wesley Longhofer analyze a novel dataset on the carbon dioxide emissions and structural attributes of thousands of fossil-fueled power plants around the world.Trade ReviewA fascinating reminder that relatively few plants account for vast percentages of the carbon flowing into the atmosphere. That means that concentrating on them could pay huge dividends, but only if careful thinking like this undergirds the approach. -- Bill McKibben, author of Falter: Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out?It is no surprise that fossil-fueled power plants are a major source of carbon emissions. What is surprising is the striking variation in the amount of pollution emitted by these plants. But until recently, our understanding of the causes of this variation was limited. Not anymore. Drawing on a novel dataset on thousands of fossil-fueled power plants around the world, Grant, Jorgenson, and Longhofer shed critical light on the social and political factors that enable super pollution and, more importantly, on which energy and climate policies are most effective at abating power-plant pollution. -- Doug McAdam, Ray Lyman Wilbur Professor of Sociology, Stanford UniversityThis superb and original book—a study of actual power plants around the globe—is a must read for anyone interested in the climate emergency, and indeed the future of human societies. It neatly cuts through conventional approaches and provides a stunning insight—a small number of power plants are disproportionately responsible for carbon pollution. The authors use sophisticated but highly accessible statistical analyses to explain differences among polluting plants and to investigate the policies that do and don’t work to reduce emissions. At the risk of sounding corny, this is a 'super scholar' book. -- Juliet Schor, author of After the Gig: How the Sharing Economy Got Hijacked and How to Win It BackGrant, Jorgenson, and Longhofer have made a pioneering effort with Super Polluters. Their detailed investigation of electrical power plants and what drives their emissions will be of substantial interest to environmental sociologists and any social scientists interested in climate mitigation. -- Thomas Dietz, University Distinguished Professor, Michigan State UniversityThe book would be a valuable read for scholars, students and policymakers interested in discussing climate change, development and activism. * LSE Review of Books *This book presents an excellent, comprehensive discussion of the different theories undergirding current climate and energy policies. * Choice *A groundbreaking global account of who bears the blame for our warming planet. * Climate and Capitalism *The book is appropriate for graduate courses in environmental sociology and related fields. * Social Forces *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations and TablesAcknowledgments1. Who Is Responsible for This Mess?: The Climate Crisis and Hyperemitting Power Plants2. Cleaning Up Their Act: Potential Emission Reductions from Targeting the Worst of the Worst Power Plants3. Recipes for Disaster: How Social Structures Interact to Make Environmentally Destructive Plants Even More So4. A Win-Win Solution?: The Paradoxical Effects of Efficiency on Plants’ CO2 Emissions5. Bottom-Up Strategies: The Effectiveness of Local Policies and Activism (with Ion Bogdan Vasi)6. Next Steps: Future Research and Action on Society’s Super PollutersAppendixesNotesReferences

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Book SynopsisAn authoritative and unbiased guide to nuclear technology and the controversies that surround it.Are you for nuclear power or against it? What's the basis of your opinion? Did you know a CT scan gives you some 2 millisieverts of radiation? Do you know how much a millisievert is? Does irradiation make foods safer or less safe? What is the point of a bilateral Russia-US nuclear weapons treaty in a multipolar world? These are nuclear questions that call for nuclear choices, and this book equips citizens to make these choices informed ones. It explains, clearly and accessibly, the basics of nuclear technology and describes the controversies surrounding its use.

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Book SynopsisEMBEDDED DIGITAL CONTROL WITH MICROCONTROLLERS Explore a concise and practical introduction to implementation methods and the theory of digital control systems on microcontrollers Embedded Digital Control with Microcontrollers delivers expert instruction in digital control system implementation techniques on the widely used ARM Cortex-M microcontroller. The accomplished authors present the included information in three phases. First, they describe how to implement prototype digital control systems via the Python programming language in order to help the reader better understand theoretical digital control concepts. Second, the book offers readers direction on using the C programming language to implement digital control systems on actual microcontrollers. This will allow readers to solve real-life problems involving digital control, robotics, and mechatronics. Finally, readers will learn how to merge the theoretical and practical issuTable of ContentsPreface xvii About the Companion Website xix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 What is a System? 1 1.2 What is a Control System? 1 1.3 About the Book 3 2 Hardware to be Used in the Book 5 2.1 The STM32 Board 5 2.1.1 General Information 6 2.1.2 Pin Layout 6 2.1.3 Powering and Programming the Board 8 2.2 The STM32 Microcontroller 8 2.2.1 Central Processing Unit 8 2.2.2 Memory 9 2.2.3 Input and Output Ports 10 2.2.4 Timer Modules 10 2.2.5 ADC and DAC Modules 11 2.2.6 Digital Communication Modules 11 2.3 System and Sensors to be Used Throughout the Book 12 2.3.1 The DC Motor 12 2.3.1.1 Properties of the DC Motor 12 2.3.1.2 Pin Layout 13 2.3.1.3 Power Settings 14 2.3.2 The DC Motor Drive Expansion Board 14 2.3.3 Encoder 15 2.3.4 The FT232 Module 17 2.4 Systems and Sensors to be Used in Advanced Applications 17 2.4.1 Systems 17 2.4.2 Sensors 19 2.5 Summary 19 Problems 20 3 Software to be Used in the Book 23 3.1 Python on PC 24 3.1.1 Basic Operations 24 3.1.2 Array and Matrix Operations 25 3.1.3 Loop Operations 26 3.1.4 Conditional Statements 27 3.1.5 Function Definition and Usage 27 3.1.6 File Operations 28 3.1.7 Python Control Systems Library 28 3.2 MicroPython on the STM32 Microcontroller 29 3.2.1 Setting up MicroPython 29 3.2.2 Running MicroPython 31 3.2.3 Reaching Microcontroller Hardware 34 3.2.3.1 Input and Output Ports 34 3.2.3.2 Timers 35 3.2.3.3 ADC 37 3.2.3.4 DAC 39 3.2.3.5 UART 41 3.2.4 MicroPython Control Systems Library 42 3.3 C on the STM32 Microcontroller 43 3.3.1 Creating a New Project in Mbed Studio 44 3.3.2 Building and Executing the Code 45 3.3.3 Reaching Microcontroller Hardware 45 3.3.3.1 Input and Output Ports 46 3.3.3.2 Timers 47 3.3.3.3 ADC 48 3.3.3.4 DAC 50 3.3.3.5 UART 51 3.3.4 C Control Systems Library 53 3.4 Application: Running the DC Motor 53 3.4.1 Hardware Setup 54 3.4.2 Procedure 54 3.4.3 C Code for the System 54 3.4.4 Python Code for the System 57 3.4.5 Observing Outputs 59 3.5 Summary 59 Problems 60 4 Fundamentals of Digital Control 63 4.1 Digital Signals 63 4.1.1 Mathematical Definition 64 4.1.2 Representing Digital Signals in Code 64 4.1.2.1 Representation in Python 65 4.1.2.2 Representation in C 65 4.1.3 Standard Digital Signals 65 4.1.3.1 Unit Pulse Signal 66 4.1.3.2 Step Signal 67 4.1.3.3 Ramp Signal 68 4.1.3.4 Parabolic Signal 68 4.1.3.5 Exponential Signal 69 4.1.3.6 Sinusoidal Signal 71 4.1.3.7 Damped Sinusoidal Signal 71 4.1.3.8 Rectangular Signal 72 4.1.3.9 Sum of Sinusoids Signal 73 4.1.3.10 Sweep Signal 75 4.1.3.11 Random Signal 76 4.2 Digital Systems 77 4.2.1 Mathematical Definition 77 4.2.2 Representing Digital Systems in Code 78 4.2.2.1 Representation in Python 78 4.2.2.2 Representation in C 79 4.2.3 Digital System Properties 79 4.2.3.1 Stability 79 4.2.3.2 Linearity 80 4.2.3.3 Time-Invariance 81 4.3 Linear and Time-Invariant Systems 81 4.3.1 Mathematical Definition 81 4.3.2 LTI Systems and Constant-Coefficient Difference Equations 82 4.3.3 Representing LTI Systems in Code 82 4.3.3.1 MicroPython Control Systems Library Usage 83 4.3.3.2 C Control Systems Library Usage 84 4.3.3.3 Python Control Systems Library Usage 85 4.3.4 Connecting LTI Systems 87 4.3.4.1 Series Connection 87 4.3.4.2 Parallel Connection 88 4.3.4.3 Feedback Connection 89 4.4 The z-Transform and Its Inverse 90 4.4.1 Definition of the z-Transform 90 4.4.2 Calculating the z-Transform in Python 92 4.4.3 Definition of the Inverse z-Transform 92 4.4.4 Calculating the Inverse z-Transform in Python 92 4.5 The z-Transform and LTI Systems 93 4.5.1 Associating Difference Equation and Impulse Response of an LTI System 93 4.5.2 Stability Analysis of an LTI System using z-Transform 95 4.5.3 Stability Analysis of an LTI System in Code 95 4.6 Application I: Acquiring Digital Signals from the Microcontroller, Processing Offline Data 96 4.6.1 Hardware Setup 97 4.6.2 Procedure 97 4.6.3 C Code for the System 97 4.6.4 Python Code for the System 99 4.6.5 Observing Outputs 101 4.7 Application II: Acquiring Digital Signals from the Microcontroller, Processing Real-Time Data 103 4.7.1 Hardware Setup 103 4.7.2 Procedure 103 4.7.3 C Code for the System 104 4.7.4 Python Code for the System 106 4.7.5 Observing Outputs 109 4.8 Summary 109 Problems 109 5 Conversion Between Analog and Digital Forms 111 5.1 Converting an Analog Signal to Digital Form 112 5.1.1 Mathematical Derivation of ADC 112 5.1.2 ADC in Code 114 5.2 Converting a Digital Signal to Analog Form 117 5.2.1 Mathematical Derivation of DAC 117 5.2.2 DAC in Code 118 5.3 Representing an Analog System in Digital Form 120 5.3.1 Pole-Zero Matching Method 121 5.3.2 Zero-Order Hold Equivalent 122 5.3.3 Bilinear Transformation 123 5.4 Application: Exciting and Simulating the RC Filter 124 5.4.1 Hardware Setup 125 5.4.2 Procedure 125 5.4.3 C Code for the System 125 5.4.4 Python Code for the System 127 5.4.5 Observing Outputs 129 5.5 Summary 129 Problems 129 6 Constructing Transfer Function of a System 131 6.1 Transfer Function from Mathematical Modeling 131 6.1.1 Fundamental Electrical and Mechanical Components 132 6.1.2 Constructing the Differential Equation Representing the System 133 6.1.3 From Differential Equation to Transfer Function 133 6.2 Transfer Function from System Identification in Time Domain 134 6.2.1 Theoretical Background 135 6.2.2 The Procedure 135 6.2.3 Data Acquisition by the STM32 Microcontroller 136 6.2.4 System Identification in Time Domain by MATLAB 137 6.3 Transfer Function from System Identification in Frequency Domain 142 6.3.1 Theoretical Background 142 6.3.2 The Procedure 142 6.3.3 System Identification in Frequency Domain by MATLAB 143 6.4 Application: Obtaining Transfer Function of the DC Motor 143 6.4.1 Mathematical Modeling 143 6.4.2 System Identification in Time Domain 146 6.4.3 System Identification in Frequency Domain 147 6.5 Summary 148 Problems 148 7 Transfer Function Based Control System Analysis 151 7.1 Analyzing System Performance 151 7.1.1 Time Domain Analysis 151 7.1.1.1 Transient Response 152 7.1.1.2 Steady-State Error 156 7.1.2 Frequency Domain Analysis 156 7.1.3 Complex Plane Analysis 159 7.1.3.1 Root-Locus Plot 160 7.1.3.2 Nyquist Plot 160 7.2 The Effect of Open-Loop Control on System Performance 163 7.2.1 What is Open-Loop Control? 163 7.2.2 Improving the System Performance by Open-Loop Control 164 7.3 The Effect of Closed-Loop Control on System Performance 167 7.3.1 What is Closed-Loop Control? 167 7.3.2 Improving the System Performance by Closed-Loop Control 170 7.4 Application: Adding Open-Loop Digital Controller to the DC Motor 174 7.4.1 Hardware Setup 175 7.4.2 Procedure 175 7.4.3 C Code for the System 175 7.4.4 Python Code for the System 177 7.4.5 Observing Outputs 178 7.5 Summary 178 Problems 180 8 Transfer Function Based Controller Design 183 8.1 PID Controller Structure 183 8.1.1 The P Controller 184 8.1.2 The PI Controller 184 8.1.3 The PID Controller 185 8.1.4 Parameter Tuning Methods 185 8.1.4.1 The Ziegler–Nichols Method 186 8.1.4.2 The Cohen–Coon Method 186 8.1.4.3 The Chien–Hrones–Reswick Method 186 8.2 PID Controller Design in Python 187 8.2.1 Parameter Tuning 188 8.2.2 Controller Design 188 8.2.2.1 P Controller 188 8.2.2.2 PI Controller 191 8.2.2.3 PID Controller 194 8.2.3 Comparison of the Designed P, PI, and PID Controllers 197 8.3 Lag–Lead Controller Structure 199 8.3.1 Lag Controller 199 8.3.2 Lead Controller 200 8.3.3 Lag–Lead Controller 200 8.4 Lag–Lead Controller Design in MATLAB 201 8.4.1 Control System Designer Tool 201 8.4.2 Controller Design in Complex Plane 203 8.4.2.1 Lag Controller 204 8.4.2.2 Lead Controller 206 8.4.2.3 Lag–Lead Controller 207 8.4.2.4 Comparison of the Designed Lag, Lead, and Lag–Lead Controllers 210 8.4.3 Controller Design in Frequency Domain 211 8.4.3.1 Lag Controller 211 8.4.3.2 Lead Controller 213 8.4.3.3 Lag–Lead Controller 213 8.4.3.4 Comparison of the Designed Lag, Lead, and Lag–Lead Controllers 217 8.5 Application: Adding Closed-Loop Digital Controller to the DC Motor 217 8.5.1 Hardware Setup 217 8.5.2 Procedure 217 8.5.3 C Code for the System 218 8.5.4 Python Code for the System 219 8.5.5 Observing Outputs 220 8.6 Summary 223 Problems 224 9 State-space Based Control System Analysis 227 9.1 State-space Approach 227 9.1.1 Definition of the State 227 9.1.2 Why State-space Representation? 228 9.2 State-space Equations Representing an LTI System 228 9.2.1 Continuous-time State-space Equations 229 9.2.2 Discrete-time State-space Equations 231 9.2.3 Representing Discrete-time State-space Equations in Code Form 231 9.3 Conversion Between State-space and Transfer Function Representations 233 9.3.1 From Transfer Function to State-space Equations 233 9.3.2 From State-space Equations to Transfer Function 235 9.4 Properties of the System from its State-space Representation 236 9.4.1 Time Domain Analysis 236 9.4.2 Stability 237 9.4.3 Controllability 238 9.4.4 Observability 239 9.5 Application: Observing States of the DC Motor in Time 240 9.5.1 Hardware Setup 240 9.5.2 Procedure 240 9.5.3 C Code for the System 240 9.5.4 Python Code for the System 242 9.5.5 Observing Outputs 243 9.6 Summary 243 Problems 244 10 State-space Based Controller Design 247 10.1 General Layout 247 10.1.1 Control Based on State Values 248 10.1.2 Regulator Structure 249 10.1.3 Controller Structure 249 10.1.4 What if States Cannot be Measured Directly? 250 10.2 Regulator and Controller Design via Pole Placement 250 10.2.1 Pole Placement 251 10.2.2 Regulator Design 251 10.2.3 Ackermann’s Formula for the Regulator Gain 251 10.2.4 Controller Design 252 10.2.5 Ackermann’s Formula for the Controller Gain 253 10.3 Regulator and Controller Design in Python 253 10.3.1 Regulator Design 253 10.3.2 Controller Design 256 10.4 State Observer Design 260 10.4.1 Mathematical Derivation 261 10.4.2 Ackermann’s Formula for the Observer Gain 262 10.5 Regulator and Controller Design in Python using Observers 263 10.5.1 Observer Design 263 10.5.2 Observer-Based Regulator Design 264 10.5.3 Observer-Based Controller Design 266 10.6 Application: State-space based Control of the DC Motor 270 10.6.1 Hardware Setup 270 10.6.2 Procedure 271 10.6.3 C Code for the System 271 10.6.4 Python Code for the System 273 10.6.5 Observing Outputs 274 10.7 Summary 275 Problems 275 11 Adaptive Control 279 11.1 What is Adaptive Control? 279 11.2 Parameter Estimation 280 11.3 Indirect Self-Tuning Regulator 283 11.3.1 Feedback ISTR Design 283 11.3.2 Feedback and Feedforward ISTR Design 287 11.4 Model-Reference Adaptive Control 288 11.5 Application: Real-Time Parameter Estimation of the DC Motor 290 11.5.1 Hardware Setup 290 11.5.2 Procedure 291 11.5.3 C Code for the System 291 11.5.4 Observing Outputs 293 11.6 Summary 297 Problems 297 12 Advanced Applications 299 12.1 Nonlinear Control 299 12.1.1 Nonlinear System Identification by MATLAB 299 12.1.2 Nonlinear System Input–Output Example 301 12.1.3 Gain Scheduling Example 302 12.1.4 Flat Systems Example 302 12.1.5 Phase Portraits Example 302 12.2 Optimal Control 302 12.2.1 The Linear Quadratic Regulator 303 12.2.2 Continuous-Time LQR Example 304 12.2.3 LQR for the DC Motor 304 12.3 Robust Control 305 12.4 Distributed Control 306 12.4.1 Hardware and Software Setup 306 12.4.2 Procedure 307 12.5 Auto Dimmer 308 12.5.1 Hardware Setup 308 12.5.2 Procedure 309 12.6 Constructing a Servo Motor from DC Motor 309 12.6.1 Hardware Setup 309 12.6.2 Procedure 310 12.7 Visual Servoing 311 12.7.1 Hardware Setup 312 12.7.2 Procedure 312 12.8 Smart Balance Hoverboard 313 12.8.1 Hardware Setup 313 12.8.2 Procedure 314 12.9 Line Following Robot 314 12.9.1 Hardware Setup 314 12.9.2 Procedure 314 12.10 Active Noise Cancellation 315 12.10.1 Hardware Setup 315 12.10.2 Procedure 316 12.11 Sun Tracking Solar Panel 317 12.11.1 Hardware Setup 317 12.11.2 Procedure 317 12.12 System Identification of a Speaker 318 12.12.1 Hardware Setup 319 12.12.2 Procedure 319 12.13 Peltier Based Water Cooler 321 12.13.1 Hardware Setup 321 12.13.2 Procedure 322 12.14 Controlling a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor 322 12.14.1 Hardware Setup 322 12.14.2 Procedure 323 Appendix A STM32 Board Pin Usage Tables 329 Bibliography 335 Index 339

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Book SynopsisDesigned for junior- and senior-level courses in plant and facilities planning and manufacturing systems and procedures, this textbook also is suitable for graduate-level and two-year college courses. The book takes a practical, hands-on, project-oriented approach to exploring the techniques and procedures for developing an efficient facility layout. It also introduces state-of-the-art tools including computer simulation. Access to Layout-iQ workspace planning software is included for purchasers of the book. Theoretical concepts are clearly explained and then rapidly applied to a practical setting through a detailed case study at the end of the volume. The book systematically leads students through the collection, analysis, and development of information to produce a quality functional plant layout for a lean manufacturing environment. All aspects of facility design, from receiving to shipping, are covered. In the sixth edition of this successful book, numerous updates and corrections have been made, and a chapter on engineering cost estimating and analysis has been added. Also, rather than including brief case-in-point examples at the end of each chapter, a single, detailed case study is provided that better exposes students to the multiple considerations that need to be taken into account when improving efficiency in a real manufacturing facility. The textbook has enjoyed substantial international adoptions and has been translated into Spanish and Chinese.Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO MANUFACTURING FACILITIES DESIGN AND MATERIAL HANDLING CHAPTER 2: SOURCES OF INFORMATION FOR MANUFACTURING FACILITIES DESIGN CHAPTER 3: TIME STUDY CHAPTER 4: PROCESS DESIGN CHAPTER 5: ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS CHAPTER 6: FLOW ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES CHAPTER 7: ERGONOMICS AND WORKSTATION DESIGN SPACE REQUIREMENTS CHAPTER 8: AUXILIARY SERVICES REQUIREMENT SPACE CHAPTER 9: EMPLOYEE SERVICES—SPACE REQUIREMENTS CHAPTER 10: MATERIAL HANDLING CHAPTER 11: MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT CHAPTER 12 OFFICE LAYOUT TECHNIQUES AND SPACE REQUIREMENTS CHAPTER 13: AREA ALLOCATION CHAPTER 14: FACILITIES DESIGN—THE LAYOUT CHAPTER 15: APPLICATION OF COMPUTER SIMULATION AND MODELING CHAPTER 16: ENGINEERING COST ESTIMATING AND ANALYSIS CHAPTER 17: SELLING THE LAYOUT ANSWERS APPENDIX INDEX

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Book SynopsisNATIONAL BESTSELLER • The gripping story of Elizabeth Holmes and Theranos—one of the biggest corporate frauds in history—a tale of ambition and hubris set amid the bold promises of Silicon Valley, rigorously reported by the prize-winning journalist. With a new Afterword covering her trial and sentencing, bringing the story to a close.“Chilling ... Reads like a thriller ... Carreyrou tells [the Theranos story] virtually to perfection.” —The New York Times Book ReviewIn 2014, Theranos founder and CEO Elizabeth Holmes was widely seen as the next Steve Jobs: a brilliant Stanford dropout whose startup “unicorn” promised to revolutionize the medical industry with its breakthrough device, which performed the whole range of laboratory tests from a single drop of blood. Backed by investors such as Larry Ellison and Tim Draper, Theranos sold shares in a fundraising round that valued the company at more than $9 billion, putting Holmes’s worth at an estimated $4.5 billion. There was just one problem: The technology didn’t work. Erroneous results put patients in danger, leading to misdiagnoses and unnecessary treatments. All the while, Holmes and her partner, Sunny Balwani, worked to silence anyone who voiced misgivings—from journalists to their own employees.

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Book SynopsisHow the story of Noah's Flood was central to the development of a global environmental consciousness in early modern Europe. Winner, Morris D. Forkosch Prize, Journal of the History of IdeasMany centuries before the emergence of the scientific consensus on climate change, people began to imagine the existence of a global environment: a natural system capable of changing humans and of being changed by them. In After the Flood, Lydia Barnett traces the history of this idea back to the early modern period, when the Scientific Revolution, the Reformations, the Little Ice Age, and the overseas expansion of European empire, religion, and commerce gave rise to new ideas about nature, humanity, and their intersecting histories. Recovering a forgotten episode in the history of environmental thought, Barnett brings to light the crucial role of religious faith and conflict in the emergence of a global environmental consciousness. Following Noah's Flood as a popular topic of debate through lonTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction. A Natural History of SinChapter One. Before the Flood: Gender, Embodied Sin, and Environmental AgencyChapter Two. After the Flood: Biblical Monogenism, Global Migrations, and the Origins of Scientific RacismChapter Three. Protestant Climate Change: From Edenocene to Fallocene Chapter Four. The Flood and the Apocalypse: Building the Republic of Letters Chapter Five. Catholic Climate Change: Heritable Sin and Strategies of Toleration Epilogue. The Flood SubsidesNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisPractical Power Plant Engineering offers engineers, new to the profession, a guide to the methods of practical design, equipment selection and operation of power and heavy industrial plants as practiced by experienced engineers. The authora noted expert on the topicdraws on decades of practical experience working in a number of industries with ever-changing technologies. This comprehensive book, written in 26 chapters, covers the electrical activities from plant design, development to commissioning. It is filled with descriptive examples, brief equipment data sheets, relay protection, engineering calculations, illustrations, and common-sense engineering approaches. The book explores the most relevant topics and reviews the industry standards and established engineering practices. For example, the author leads the reader through the application of MV switchgear, MV controllers, MCCs and distribution lines in building plant power distribution systems, including calculations of Table of ContentsPreface –Why This Book? vii Acknowledgments xv About the Author xvii 1 Plant from Design to Commissioning 1 2 Plant Key One-Line Diagram 31 3 Switching Equipment 75 4 Designing Plant Layout 107 5 SystemGrounding 121 6 Site and Equipment Grounding 137 7 Plant Lighting 157 8 DC System, UPS 179 9 Plant Power Distribution 191 10 Insulation Coordination, Lightning Protection 209 11 Voltage and Phasing Standards 239 12 Cables and Supporting Equipment 253 13 Power Factor Correction 285 14 Motor Selection 303 15 Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) and Harmonics 321 16 Relay Protection and Coordination 341 17 Plant Automation and Data Networking 379 18 Generation 407 19 Power Dispatch and Control 441 20 Diesel Engine Generator Plant and Standby Power 461 21 Reliability Considerations and Calculations 475 22 Fire Protection 495 23 Corrosion, Cathodic Protection 517 24 Brief Equipment Specifications and Data Sheets 531 25 Solar Power 567 26 Wind Power 599 Index 643

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Book SynopsisThis practical guide shows, step by step, how to use machine learning to carry out actionable decisions that do not discriminate based on numerous human factors, including ethnicity and gender. The authors examine the many kinds of bias that occur in the field today and provide mitigation strategies that are ready to deploy across a wide range of technologies, applications, and industries.Edited by engineering and computing experts, Mitigating Bias in Machine Learning includes contributions from recognized scholars and professionals working across different artificial intelligence sectors. Each chapter addresses a different topic and real-world case studies are featured throughout that highlight discriminatory machine learning practices and clearly show how they were reduced.Mitigating Bias in Machine Learning addresses: Ethical and Societal Implications of Machine Learning Social Media and Health Information Dissemination

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a self-contained introduction to the simulation of flow and transport in porous media, written by a developer of numerical methods. The reader will learn how to implement reservoir simulation models and computational algorithms in a robust and efficient manner. The book contains a large number of numerical examples, all fully equipped with online code and data, allowing the reader to reproduce results, and use them as a starting point for their own work. All of the examples in the book are based on the MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST), an open-source toolbox popular popularity in both academic institutions and the petroleum industry. The book can also be seen as a user guide to the MRST software. It will prove invaluable for researchers, professionals and advanced students using reservoir simulation methods. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.Trade Review'This book on reservoir simulation is an excellent resource for anyone interested in the extraction of hydrocarbons. As suggested by its title, the book is indeed an introduction, just what newbies will want for learning to implement simulation of production processes for hydrocarbons, but by no means inadequate for advanced researchers and professionals … The MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST) routines as developed by the author and provided in the book are freely available, and the author's discussion really minimizes the complexity of the mathematics.' M. S. Field, ChoiceTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction; Part I. Geological Models and Grids: 2. Modeling reservoir rocks; 3. Grids in subsurface modeling; Part II. Single-Phase Flow: 4. Mathematical models for single-phase flow; 5. Incompressible solvers for single-phase flow; 6. Consistent discretizations on polyhedral grids; 7. Compressible flow and rapid prototyping; Part III. Multiphase Flow: 8. Mathematical models for multiphase flow; 9. Discretizing hyperbolic transport equations; 10. Solvers for incompressible immiscible flow; 11. Compressible multiphase flow; 12. The AD-OO framework for reservoir simulation; Part IV. Reservoir Engineering Workflows: 13. Flow diagnostics; 14. Grid coarsening; 15. Upscaling petrophysical properties; Appendix. The MATLAB reservoir simulation toolbox; References; Index of MRST functions; Subject index.

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Book SynopsisProvides tools and techniques required to research and prepare a contractual construction claim This book guides readers through the techniques and approach for properly preparing a construction contract claim and seeing it through. It teaches them how to gather all the facts in order to present arguments concisely, clearly, and forcefully. It focuses on the practical issues of how to research and present a contract claimwhether it be for additional time, prolongation costs, disruption, or revised rates and prices for work due to some changed circumstance affecting construction. Aimed at those who need to prepare a claim, but just as helpful to those defending one, Preparing Construction Claims offers chapter coverage on everything about planning and programmingthe methods for assessing them, as well as regular and computerized techniques. The book covers time chainage/line of balance; bar charts, common sense evaluation techniques; and relevant clauses that all contracts contain. RTable of ContentsPreface xi Introduction xv 1 Types of Claims 1 1.1 What Are Claims? 1 1.2 Measurement Claims 2 1.3 Changes to the Character Timing, Quality and Content 3 1.4 Revised Rates and Prices 3 1.5 Access and Possession of the Site 4 1.6 Changes 5 1.6.1 Varied Works 5 1.6.2 Changes to Scope 6 1.6.3 Quality of Materials 6 1.6.4 Design Changes/Increased Scope of Work 7 1.6.5 Value Engineering 9 1.6.6 Preferential Engineering 9 1.6.7 Varied Temporary Works 9 1.6.8 Unforeseen Conditions 10 1.6.9 Contaminated Materials (e.g. Asbestos or Hydrocarbons) 11 1.6.10 Adverse Weather 11 1.6.11 Force Majeure Events 12 1.6.12 Suspension Orders/Stop Work Orders 13 1.6.13 Late Approval/Failure to Approve 13 1.6.14 Late Information/Revised Information 14 1.6.15 Antiquities or Archaeological Discoveries 14 1.6.16 The Prevention Principle 15 1.6.17 Tolerance Creep 15 1.6.18 Utilities and Services 16 1.6.19 Insurance Matters 16 1.6.20 Disruption Claims 16 1.6.21 Mitigation Claims 17 1.6.22 Acceleration Claims 17 1.6.23 Delayed or Wrongful Withholding of Payment by the Employer 18 1.6.24 Termination of the Contract 18 2 Basis of Claims 21 2.1 Contractual Basis 21 2.2 Initial Investigation 21 2.3 Causation and Liability 22 2.4 Review of Contract Clauses 23 3 Contracts 25 3.1 The Construction and Interpretation of Contracts 25 3.1.1 A Note on Ejusdem Generis 27 3.2 Formation of the Contract and Disputed Terms 27 3.2.1 Judicial Implied Terms 27 3.3 Interpretation of Statutes 28 3.4 Standard Forms 28 3.5 Modifications to Standard Forms 28 3.6 Bespoke/Unique Contracts 29 4 Available Documents 31 4.1 Documents Likely to Be Available 31 4.1.1 Tender Information 31 4.1.2 Tender and Final Contract 31 4.1.3 Contract Documents 32 4.1.4 Commencement and Access 32 4.1.5 Contract Records 32 4.1.5.1 Correspondence 32 4.1.5.2 Minutes of Meetings 33 4.1.5.3 Construction Records 33 4.1.5.4 Drawing Registers 34 4.1.6 Approval/Acceptance of Submissions 34 4.1.6.1 Programmes, Method Statements and Temporary Works Designs 34 4.1.6.2 Construction Permits, Inspections and Approvals 34 4.1.6.3 Taking-Over Certificates or Completion Certificates for the Works or Sections of the Works 34 5 Records and Notices 35 5.1 Records 35 5.2 Contemporary Records 37 5.3 Source Data 38 5.3.1 Expenditure 38 5.3.1.1 People 39 5.3.1.2 Plant and Equipment 39 5.3.2 Progress Reports 39 5.4 Other Relevant Evidence 39 5.4.1 Diaries and Other Records 40 5.4.2 Plant and Equipment 40 5.4.3 Other Records 40 5.4.4 Unexpected Events and/or Ground Conditions 41 5.5 Maximising Recovery 41 5.6 Missing Records 41 5.7 Notices 42 5.8 Time Bar Provisions and Timing of Notices 42 5.9 Disclaimers and Reservation of Rights 43 6 Programmes 45 6.1 Planning and Programming Techniques 45 6.1.1 Introduction 45 6.1.1.1 Why Prepare Programmes? 45 6.1.1.2 Methods 45 6.1.1.3 Key Aims 48 6.1.1.4 Main Elements of a Programme 48 6.1.1.5 Choice of Programming Technique 49 6.1.2 Types of Programming Techniques Available 49 6.1.2.1 Hand-Drawn Bar Charts 49 6.1.2.2 Logic-Linked Bar Chart 50 6.1.3 Updating/Monitoring Hand-Drawn Programmes 50 6.1.3.1 Pins and String 50 6.1.3.2 Admirals Ribbons 51 6.1.3.3 Progress Tabulation 51 6.1.3.4 Planned Project Management: Progress Monitoring 51 6.1.3.5 Computer-Based Programmes and Progress Updates 51 6.1.4 Critical Path Analysis 52 6.1.5 Computer-Based Systems 53 6.1.6 Time Location Chart 54 6.1.7 Line of Balance 55 6.1.8 Short-Term Planning 56 6.1.8.1 Daily/Weekly Target Schedule 56 6.1.8.2 Daily Graphical Output Chart 56 6.1.8.3 Pictograms 57 6.1.8.4 What is a Programme? 57 6.1.8.5 What is the Programme’s Contractual Status? 57 6.1.9 Preparing and Monitoring the Programme 59 6.1.9.1 Content 59 6.1.10 Degree of Detail in Programmes 61 6.1.10.1 The Outline or Tender Programme 61 6.1.10.2 The Master or Baseline Programme 61 6.1.10.3 Sectional Completion Programmes or Special ‘Restricted Possession’ Programmes 61 6.1.10.4 Construction or Working Programmes 61 6.1.10.5 Compromise 62 6.1.11 Project Notebook 62 6.1.12 Float in Programmes 62 6.1.13 What is Float? 62 6.1.13.1 Consider the Following as a Simple Definition 62 6.1.14 Types of Float 63 6.1.14.1 Programmed (or Built-in) Float 63 6.1.14.2 Activity Float 64 6.1.14.3 End Float 64 6.1.14.4 Added Duration 64 6.1.14.5 Gained or Generated Float 64 6.1.15 Float: Its Effects and Who Owns It 64 6.1.15.1 Financial Implications of Float 64 6.1.15.2 Ownership 65 6.1.15.3 Problems With Programmes 66 7 Delay Analysis 69 7.1 What is a Delay? 69 7.2 Principles 70 7.3 Validating the Programme 72 7.4 Techniques 74 7.4.1 Concurrent Delay 80 7.5 Methods 81 7.5.1 The Use of As-Built Programmes 84 7.5.2 Collapsed As-Built Analysis 86 7.5.2.1 Example Planned v Collapsed As-Built 87 7.5.3 Computerised Delay Analysis Techniques 89 7.5.4 The Additive Approach/Impacted As-Planned 90 7.5.5 Stage As-Built Addition Method/Time-Slice/Windows Analysis 91 7.5.6 The Deductive Approach 92 7.5.7 Choice of Method 93 7.6 Conversion of Programmes to Alternate Software 93 7.7 Critical Path 94 7.8 Extensions of Time 95 8 Direct Costs of Changes/Variations 99 8.1 Definition 99 8.2 Prolongation Cost/Extended Site Expenditure 100 8.3 Overheads 101 9 Disruption 103 9.1 Definition 103 9.2 Delay and Disruption 103 9.3 Global Claims 105 9.3.1 Cumulative Impact/Ripple Effect 105 9.3.2 John Doyle v Laing 112 9.3.3 Conclusion 116 9.4 Methods 116 9.4.1 Measured Mile 116 9.5 Other Methods 117 9.5.1 Earned Value (EV) Analysis 118 9.5.2 Mathematical Approaches 119 9.5.2.1 Example Where There is a Change Proportion of 30% 121 9.6 Disruption Can Be Separated Under Two Headings 122 9.6.1 Direct Effects 122 9.6.2 Indirect Effects and Cumulative Impact of Events 123 9.7 Typical Claim Heads 123 9.7.1 Out-of-Sequence Working 123 9.7.2 Relocation and Disjointed Working (Site Moves) 125 9.7.3 Manufacturing – Precast Units, Structural Steelwork, Etc. 125 9.7.4 Specialist Plant and Equipment 126 9.7.5 Summary 127 9.7.6 Overlapping of Tasks/Increased Number of Work Areas 127 9.7.7 Crowding 127 9.7.8 Increased Procurement Costs 128 9.7.9 Thickening/Increased Supervision 128 9.7.10 Seasonal Shift 130 9.7.11 Inflation 130 9.7.12 Acceleration 131 9.7.13 Constructive Acceleration and Mitigation 131 10 Presentation 137 10.1 Introduction 137 10.2 Typical List of Contents 139 10.2.1 Executive Summary 139 10.2.2 Introduction 139 10.2.3 Basis of Claim/Contractual Entitlement 140 10.2.4 History of Events 140 10.2.5 Delay Analysis 140 10.2.6 Evaluation 140 10.2.7 Summary/Conclusion 141 10.2.8 Appendices 141 11 Disruption Claim Examples 143 11.1 Disruption 143 11.1.1 Measured Mile 143 11.1.2 Planned Productivity 145 11.1.3 Choice of Baseline/Control Areas 145 11.1.4 Conclusion from the Measured Mile Calculation 147 11.1.5 Disruption Calculations 148 11.1.6 Adjustments to Recorded Man-Days 148 11.1.7 Time-Related Labour Adjustment 148 11.1.8 Assessment of Delays for Varied Works 148 11.1.9 Site Moves/Remobilisation 149 11.1.10 Delay Events 150 11.1.11 Restricted Working Areas 150 11.1.12 Varied Works Instructed 150 11.1.13 Revised Sequence of Works 151 11.1.14 Actual Production Achieved 151 11.1.15 Conclusion 151 11.1.16 Mathematical Model of Disruption 152 11.1.17 Acceleration Costs 153 11.A Disruption Claim Example Schedule refer to 11.1.15 154 12 Prolongation Costs 155 12.1 Prolongation 155 12.2 HO Overheads 160 12.3 The Hudson Formula 161 12.3.1 Modified Hudson (to Remove Double Counting of Profit on Profit) 161 12.4 The Emden Formula 161 12.5 The Eichleay Formula 162 13 Thickening Claims 163 13.1 Thickening 163 Index 173

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Book SynopsisThis volume brings together a selection of key papers by this soil mechanics pioneer. The papers have been selected on the basis of their importance in the development of soil mechanics and to highlight the nature and range of subjects that Bishop investigated during the thirty-seven years of his career. Bishop's most influential paper was presented at an ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) conference in Boulder, Colorado, in 1960, and while it made a big impression at the time, it is now in danger of disappearing from sight. In addition, two of Bishop's very significant papers were published in the late 1970s in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, not normal reading for the soil mechanics fraternity, and thus became known to only a few people. That has remained the case to this day, and the fact that these two papers have not been republished was the initial motivation for creating this volume. In addition, it is nearly 40 years since Bishop retired from his professorial position at Imperial College and a fitting time to remember Bishop with both a biography, The Bishop Method, and this volume of his papers. In addition to the Bishop papers, there is a paper by Laurie Wesley and Richard Pugh reflecting their research with Bishop. Separate papers were to have been written after the completion of their PhDs, with Bishop as the lead author, but because of his illness this didn't happen. The opportunity has now been taken to present the comprehensive research in these papers, as a tribute to their supervisor and mentor.Trade Review'...This is a valuable collection bringing together in one place documentation of a number of significant steps in the development of soil mechanics'. NZ GeomaticsTable of ContentsA new sampling tool for use in cohesionless sands below the ground water level (1946); Some factors involved in the design of a large earth dam in the Thames valley (1948); Undrained triaxial tests on saturated sands and their significance in the general theory of shear strength (1950); The use of the slip circle in the stability analysis of slopes (1954); The principle of effective stress (1954); The relevance of the triaxial test to the solution of stability problems (1960); Selset Reservoir: design and performance of the embankment (1962); The strength of soils as engineering materials. 6th Rankine Lecture (1966); Progressive failure with special reference to the mechanism causing it (1967); The influence of pore-water tension on the strength of clay (1975); The influence of high pore-water pressure on the strength of cohesionless soils (1977); Thirty-five years of soil testing (1981); The behaviour of a soft alluvial clay revealed by laboratory tests and trial embankments, Wesley, L.D & R.S Pugh (2019).

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Book SynopsisSalmon and Acorns Feed Our People: Colonialism, Nature and Social Action draws upon nearly two decades of examples and insight from Karuk experiences on the Klamath River to illustrate how the ecological dynamics of settler-colonialism are essential for theorizing gender, race and social power today.Trade Review"Salmon and Acorns Feed Our People is a wake-up call for social scientists. Through an intensive analysis of Karuk experiences, Professor Norgaard shows the artificiality of nature-social divide. With passion and commitment, she demonstrates the interconnectedness of all systems (environment, health, gender, race, emotions, and political power). I highly recommend this book." -- Eduardo Bonilla-Silva * Duke University, Past-president, American Sociological Association *"Transformative for environmental justice! So many powerful relationships have created a lasting, generous and complex book, connecting ecology, culture, food, history and self-determination. Cutting in her critique of colonial power, Norgaard shows powerfully what sociology and ally-ship can achieve when responsibility and accountability are centered." -- Kyle Powys Whyte * Professor and Timnick Chair, Michigan State University *"Salmon and Acorns Feed Our People is a terrific book that impressively brings together seemingly far-flung concepts in thoughtful ways. Norgaard makes an insightful argument about how ‘nature’ functions within race-making, weaving sociological theories into an interdisciplinary project that is also empirically driven. My congratulations to the author on a fantastic contribution to sociology." -- Lisa Sun- Hee Park * author of The Slums of Aspen: Immigrants vs. the Environment in America’s Eden *"What a gift! Kari Norgaard’s Salmon and Acorns Feed our People illustrates in unflinching detail how the environmental degradation wrought by settler colonization must be seen as a form of violence while simultaneously revealing the Karuk’s complex knowledge and life-affirming worldview. Given the environmental crisis and our refusal to acknowledge the ballast of empire, this book is required reading." -- Laura Pulido * co-author of A People's Guide to Los Angeles *"Norgaard provide us with a powerful example of sociological research that centers the needs and priorities of Indigenous communities; the rich collaborative analyses support Indigenous resistance to colonialism." -- Michelle M. Jacob * author of Yakama Rising: Indigenous Cultural Revitalization, Activism, and Healing *"Kari Norgaard has produced a truly insightful and urgent analysis of how indigenous peoples resist racial formation and settler-colonialism, while practicing environmental justice and food sovereignty. This book is an extraordinary intervention and charts an urgently needed and timely path forward for the environmental social sciences and racial/ethnic studies." -- David Naguib Pellow * author of What is Critical Environmental Justice? and Dehlsen Chair of Environmental Studies, UC San *"Colonization, Fire Suppression, and Indigenous Resurgence in the Face of Climate Change" excerpt of Salmon and Acorns Feed Our People in Yes! Magazine https://www.yesmagazine.org/planet/fire-climate-change-indigenous-colonization-20191021 * Yes! Magazine *"What western states can learn from Native American wildfire management strategies" by Kari Mari Norgaard and Sara Worl https://theconversation.com/what-western-states-can-learn-from-native-american-wildfire-management-strategies-120731 * The Conversation *"Kari Marie Norgaard's 'Salmon and Acorns Feed Our People'" https://page99test.blogspot.com/2019/10/kari-marie-norgaards-salmon-and-acorns.html * The Page 99 Test *"Pg. 99: Kari Marie Norgaard's 'Salmon and Acorns Feed Our People'" http://americareads.blogspot.com/2019/10/pg-99-kari-marie-norgaards-salmon-and.html * Campaign for the American Reader *"The particular points on which Kari Marie Norgaard alights have truly needed to be discussed aloud for a long time....In being able to break it down and have discussions, [readers] could learn a lot about [them]selves, where we each fit into a wildly altered landscape, and how we can go forward together as a tribe, practicing pikyav as fix-the-world people." * News for Native California *"On indigenous land management, and a space beyond colonialism," interview with Kari Marie Norgaard https://thisishell.com/interviews/1117-kari-marie-norgaard * This is Hell! podcast *"This book is a beacon from which to discover Indigenous theorists such as Nick Estes, Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, and Winona LaDuke, and poets such as Sherwin Bitsui, Kim Shuck, and Jake Skeets. At its core, this is a deeply argued book that explicates the Karuk’s ethos of caring interconnectivity, while pushing each reader to grapple with the depth of settler colonialism. Further, it demands that we all—scholars, writers, readers—take this reality seriously in beginning to address the destruction and violence undergirding the United States." * Orion Magazine *Sydney Environment Institute podcast with Professor Kari Marie Norgaard http://sydney.edu.au/environment-institute/publications/salmon-and-acorns-feed-our-people/ * Sydney Environment Institute podcast *"Short Takes: Latest titles of interest from alumni and faculty authors." https://issuu.com/uomarketingcommunications/docs/final_oq_winter_2020 * Oregon Quarterly *"A comprehensive and well-organized presentation of data and analyses that demonstrate how the legitimization of racial categories is directly connected to changes in the physical land....This book is an example of how sociology can grow and expand in both research and theory practices, opening the door to more comprehensive understandings of social relations and structures." * Ethnic and Racial Studies *"Kari Marie Norgaard’s Salmon and Acorns Feed Our People is an important guide to achieving this goal skillfully. Norgaard conscientiously connects readers to Karuk epistemologies and illustrates them in the lessons she has drawn over nearly two decades of research and advocacy work with members of the Karuk community, whose ancestral lands stretch along the Klamath River in northern California. Her commitment to legally establishing the book’s copyright with the Karuk Tribe is one I hope other non-Native researchers collaborating with Indigenous peoples will make a standard practice." * Monthly Review *Table of ContentsIntroduction One: Mutual Constructions of Race and Nature on the Klamath Two: Ecological Dynamics of Settler Colonialism: Smokey Bear and Fire Suppression as Colonial Violence Three: Research as Resistance: Food, Relationships and the Links Between Environmental and Human Health Four: Environmental Decline and Changing Gender Practices: What Happens to Karuk Masculinity When There Are No Fish? What Happens to Karuk Femininity When There Are No Acorns? Five: Emotions of Environmental Decline: Karuk Cosmologies, Emotions and Environmental Justice Conclusion: Climate Change as a Strategic Opportunity? Methodological Appendix Acknowledgements Bibliography

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Table of Contents1. Introduction2. Geothermal systems3. Geothermal wells4. Introduction to pressure-transient analysis5. Advanced analytical pressure-transient analysis relevant to geothermal wells6. Completion and output testing7. Downhole tools and other practical considerations8. Numerical pressure-transient analysis modelling framework9. Operation and management of geothermal wells10. Field studies

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive and interdisciplinary guide to systems engineering Systems Engineering: Principles and Practice, 3rd Edition is the leading interdisciplinary reference for systems engineers. The up-to-date third edition provides readers with discussions of model-based systems engineering, requirements analysis, engineering design, and software design. Freshly updated governmental and commercial standards, architectures, and processes are covered in-depth. The book includes newly updated topics on: Risk Prototyping Modeling and simulation Software/computer systems engineering Examples and exercises appear throughout the text, allowing the reader to gauge their level of retention and learning. Systems Engineering: Principles and Practice was and remains the standard textbook used worldwide for the study of traditional systems engineering. The material is organized in a manner that allows for quickTable of ContentsList of Illustrations xv List of Tables xix Preface to the Third Edition xxi Preface to the Second Edition xxv Preface to the First Edition xxix Part I Foundations of Systems Engineering 1 1 Systems Engineering and the World of Modern Systems 3 1.1 What is Systems Engineering? 3 1.2 The Systems Engineering Landscape 5 1.3 Systems Engineering Viewpoint 9 1.4 Perspectives of Systems Engineering 12 1.5 Examples of Systems Requiring Systems Engineering 16 1.6 Systems Engineering Activities and Products 20 1.7 Systems Engineering as a Profession 20 1.8 Systems Engineer Career Development Model 24 1.9 Summary 27 Problems 29 References 30 Further Reading 30 2 Structure of Complex Systems 33 2.1 System Elements and Interfaces 33 2.2 Hierarchy of Complex Systems 34 2.3 System Building Blocks 38 2.4 The System Environment 43 2.5 Interfaces and Interactions 51 2.6 Complexity in Modern Systems 54 2.7 Summary 57 Problems 58 Reference 59 Further Reading 60 3 The System Development Process 61 3.1 Systems Engineering Through the System Life Cycle 61 3.2 System Life Cycle 62 3.3 Evolutionary Characteristics of the Development Process 74 3.4 The Systems Engineering Method 81 3.5 Testing Throughout System Development 94 3.6 Summary 96 Problems 98 Reference 99 Further Reading 99 4 Systems Engineering Management 101 4.1 Managing System Development 101 4.2 Work Breakdown Structure 103 4.3 Systems Engineering Management Plan 108 4.4 Organization of Systems Engineering 111 4.5 Summary 115 Problems 116 Further Reading 116 Part II Concept Development Stage 119 5 Needs Analysis 121 5.1 Originating a New System 121 5.2 Systems Thinking 130 5.3 Operations Analysis 132 5.4 Feasibility Definition 143 5.5 Needs Validation 145 5.6 Summary 149 Problems 150 References 151 Further Reading 151 6 Requirements Analysis 153 6.1 Developing the System Requirements 153 6.2 Requirements Development and Sources 157 6.3 Requirements Features and Attributes 160 6.4 Requirements Development Process 163 6.5 Requirements Hierarchy 167 6.6 Requirements Metrics 175 6.7 Requirements Verification and Validation 177 6.8 Requirements Development: TSE vs. Agile 179 6.9 Summary 179 Problems 181 Further Reading 181 7 Functional Analysis 183 7.1 Selecting the System Concept 183 7.2 Functional Analysis and Formulation 188 7.3 Functional Allocation 194 7.4 Functional Analysis Products 197 7.5 Traceability to Requirements 202 7.6 Concept Development Space 204 7.7 Summary 206 Problems 207 Further Reading 208 8 Evaluation and Selection 209 8.1 Evaluating and Selecting the System Concept 209 8.2 Alternatives Analysis 210 8.3 Operations Research Techniques 214 8.4 Economics and Affordability 218 8.5 Events and Decisions for Consideration 222 8.6 Alternative Concept Development and Concept Selection 224 8.7 Concept Validation 229 8.8 Traditional vs. Agile SE Approach to Concept Evaluation 230 8.9 Summary 231 Problems 233 References 234 Further Reading 234 9 Systems Architecting 235 9.1 Architecture Introduction 235 9.2 Types of Architecture 236 9.3 Architecture Frameworks 241 9.4 Architectural Views 244 9.5 Architecture Development 246 9.6 Architecture Traceability 247 9.7 Architecture Validation 248 9.8 Summary 249 Problems 251 Further Reading 251 10 Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) 253 10.1 MBSE Introduction 253 10.2 MBSE Languages 259 10.3 MBSE Tools 260 10.4 MBSE Used in the SE Life Cycle 262 10.5 Examples 263 10.6 Summary 267 Problems 272 References 273 Further Reading 273 11 Decision Analysis and Support 275 11.1 Decision Making 276 11.2 Modeling Throughout System Development 282 11.3 Modeling for Decisions 282 11.4 Simulation 287 11.5 Trade‐Off Analysis 296 11.6 Evaluation Methods 313 11.7 Summary 321 Problems 324 References 324 Further Reading 325 12 Risk Management 327 12.1 Risk Management in the SE Life Cycle 327 12.2 Risk Management 328 12.3 Risk Traceability/Allocation 337 12.4 Risk Analysis Techniques 338 12.5 Summary 345 Problems 346 Reference 346 Further Reading 347 Part III Engineering Development Phase 349 13 Advanced Development 351 13.1 Reducing Uncertainties 351 13.2 Requirements Analysis 356 13.3 Functional Analysis and Design 361 13.4 Prototype Development as a Risk Mitigation Technique 367 13.5 Development Testing 376 13.6 Risk Reduction 385 13.7 Summary 387 Problems 388 References 390 Further Reading 391 14 Software Systems Engineering 393 14.1 Components of Software 394 14.2 Coping with Complexity and Abstraction 394 14.3 Nature of Software Development 398 14.4 Software Development Life Cycle Models 403 14.5 Software Concept Development: Analysis and Design 412 14.6 Software Engineering Development: Coding and Unit Test 424 14.7 Software Integration and Test 432 14.8 Software Engineering Management 435 14.9 Summary 442 Problems 445 References 446 Further Reading 446 15 Engineering Design 449 15.1 Implementing the System Building Blocks 449 15.2 Requirements Analysis 454 15.3 Functional Analysis and Design 456 15.4 Component Design 460 15.5 Design Validation 473 15.6 Configuration Management 478 15.7 Summary 481 Problems 483 Further Reading 483 16 Systems Integration 485 16.1 Integrating the Total System 485 16.2 System Integration Hierarchy 488 16.3 Types of Integration 492 16.4 Integration Planning 494 16.5 Integration Facilities 494 16.6 Summary 496 Problems 497 References 498 Further Reading 498 17 Test and Evaluation 499 17.1 Testing and Evaluating the Total System 499 17.2 Developmental System Testing 509 17.3 Operational Test and Evaluation 515 17.4 Human Factors Testing 523 17.5 Test Planning and Preparation 524 17.6 Test Traceability 529 17.7 System of Systems Testing 529 17.8 Summary 530 Problems 533 References 534 Further Reading 534 Part IV Post‐Development Stage 537 18 Production 539 18.1 Systems Engineering in the Factory 539 18.2 Engineering for Production 541 18.3 Transition from Development to Production 545 18.4 Production Operations 549 18.5 Acquiring a Production Knowledge Base 554 18.6 Summary 557 Problems 559 References 560 Further Reading 560 19 Operation and Support 561 19.1 Installing, Maintaining, and Upgrading the System 561 19.2 Installation and Test 564 19.3 In‐Service Support 569 19.4 Major System Upgrades: Modernization 573 19.5 Operational Factors in System Development 577 19.6 Summary 580 Problems 581 Reference 582 Further Reading 582 20 System of Systems Engineering 583 20.1 System of Systems Engineering 583 20.2 Differences Between SOS and TSE 584 20.3 Types of SOS 587 20.4 Attributes of SOS 590 20.5 Challenges to System of Systems Engineering 591 20.6 Summary 593 Problems 595 References 595 Further Reading 596 Part V Systems Domains 597 21 Enterprise Systems Engineering 599 21.1 Enterprise Systems Engineering 599 21.2 Definitions of Enterprise Systems Engineering 600 21.3 Processes and Components of Enterprise Systems Engineering 603 21.4 Enterprise Systems Engineering Applications to Domains 605 21.5 Challenges to Enterprise Systems Engineering 606 21.6 Summary 607 Problems 607 References 608 Further Reading 609 22 Systems Security Engineering 611 22.1 Systems Security Engineering 611 22.2 Types of Security 613 22.3 Security Applications to Systems Engineering 616 22.4 Security Applications to Domains 619 22.5 Security Validation and Analysis 621 22.6 Summary 621 Problems 623 Further Reading 624 23 The Future of Systems Engineering 627 23.1 Introduction and Motivation 627 23.2 Areas to Apply the Systems Engineering Approach 630 23.3 Education for the Future Systems Engineer 632 23.4 Concluding Remarks 634 23.5 Summary 635 Problems 636 Further Reading 636 Index 639 Wiley Series in Systems Engineering and Management 000

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Book SynopsisIn recent years, with the rise of the craft beverage movement, the cider industry has been through a period of rapid commercial and non-commercial growth. Tasting and quality control is a core aspect of successful cider making and it is essential for industry and researchers to characterize cider using a standard, quantifiable metric. This book is a research-based text for understanding both the theory and practice of effectively evaluating the sensory properties of cider. The Professional Handbook of Cider Tasting includes content on the physiological basis of sensory evaluation, effective profiling of sensory evaluation, types and styles of cider, origins of cider quality attributes and direction for pairing cider with foods. The book also: - Covers a broad range of cider tasting techniques with associated technical explanations. - Provides data and research-driven information. - Contains sample sensory evaluation sheets, a tasting wheel, and guidance for creating fresh cider sensory standards and the utilization of various apple cultivars. Including a summary of the current global cider styles, this is an invaluable resource for commercial cidermakers, non-commercial cidermakers, students on cider production courses, researchers and other industry and stakeholder personnel.Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: Sensory Evaluation: The Physiological Basis 3: Sensory Evaluation: Effective Profiling 4: Types and Styles of Cider 5: Origins of Cider Quality Attributes 6: Pairing Cider with Food 7: Appendix

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Book Synopsis* A new book in Polity's successful Resources series which tells the fascinating story of sugar in the global economy * Ambitious and intriguing, this book advances our understanding of the hugely profitable sugar industry and the economic exploitation and health issues associated with it.Trade Review�This is a fascinating interdisciplinary book and it covers much ground very well. It is well referenced and has a useful �further reading� section. I would recommend it for anyone interested in the good, the bad and the ugly of our globalized food system.�International Affairs "This is a fascinating interdisciplinary book and it covers much ground very well. It is well referenced and has a useful �further reading� section. I would recommend it for anyone interested in the good, the bad and the ugly of our globalized food system." Tim Benton, UK�s Global Food Security Programme and University of Leeds, UK "Ben Richardson�s Sugar is an intriguing survey of all things sugar, including consumption and foodways, the means of production, and how governments deal with their sugar industries and conduct their sugar-related international trade relations. True to his mission of providing a Marxist perspective, Richardson concludes by advocating for �reform from below.� Sugar draws on the scholarship of many sugar experts and will be a valuable resource for journalists and others researching sugar issues." Elizabeth Abbott, Author, Sugar: A Bittersweet History "Sugar has shaped our history and our politics; it affects our health, and influences the livelihoods of millions. Sugar is a lens on a fast-changing, globalised world, where the politics of agrarian change, international commerce, workers� rights and human health must be examined together. This is a fascinating book that both informs and challenges. Anyone interested in global politics, agriculture, business and social change and justice should read it." Ian Scoones, University of SussexTable of ContentsAcknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. Growing Markets, Growing Waistlines 3. Terminal Trade Dependency 4. Exploiting and Expelling Labour 5. Expanding and Exhausting Land 6. A Sweeter Deal for All? Selected Readings Notes

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