Pollution control Books

Book Synopsis**SHORTLISTED FOR THE ROYAL SOCIETY INSIGHT INVESTMENT SCIENCE BOOK PRIZE 2019**''Read this book and join the effort to terminate air pollution.'' - Arnold SchwarzeneggerAir pollution has become the world's greatest environmental health risk, and science is only beginning to reveal its wide-ranging effects. Globally, 19,000 people die each day from air pollution, killing more than HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and car accidents combined.What happened to the air we breathe?Sustainability journalist Tim Smedley has travelled the world to try and find the answer, visiting cities at the forefront of the fight against air pollution, including Delhi, Beijing, London and Paris. With insights from the scientists and politicians leading the battle against it, and people whose lives have been affected by it, Clearing the Air tells the full story of air pollution for the first time: what it is, which pollutants are harmful, where they come from and most importantly Trade ReviewAir pollution is a serious problem that we all have the power to solve. Tim Smedley's book, Clearing the Air, shows how the fightback against air pollution works. Tim's book is action-packed and his global journey of discovery uncovers the real heroes who are taking a stand and fighting for their right to breathe clean air. Read this book and join the effort to terminate air pollution. -- Arnold Schwarzenegger, 38th Governor of CaliforniaWhether describing Paris's Journee sans Voiture or electric buses in Beijing and Milton Keynes, Clearing the Air not only suggests that tackling pollution is possible, but also shows how, in many places, the work is already being done. In a news cycle that increasingly informs us that all hope is lost, it is uplifting to read that Smedley, an award-winning sustainability journalist, does not think so. * Times Literary Supplement *Clearing the Air is incredibly well researched with plenty of numbers and facts to back up Smedley’s arguments. This is an important book and one that I whole-heartedly recommend. Even if politicians are slow to take measures about the air quality where you live, Clearing the Air will help you to play your part in creating a cleaner and healthier future. * Chemistry World *Clearing the Air sets out in simple terms the monumental damage that dirty air is causing to us and our environment. It also gives us the remarkably simple, logical solutions that need embracing across the world. Compulsory reading. -- Chris Boardman, Olympic Gold Medallist and Greater Manchester's Cycling and Walking CommissionerTim Smedley's indignation about the years of cover-ups and lies by governments and corporations is well founded. There are scientific details packed between the covers of this personal account – atmospheric chemistry, automative engineering, health effects and much more. The technical details are woven seamlessly into the story. It left me with a growing feeling of hope: people around the world are demanding breathable air! -- Mary Nichols, Chair of the California Air Resources Board (CARB)A wonderfully written book that takes you through the fascinating and terrifying story of air pollution, and explains how billions of people unwittingly ended up breathing toxic air. What Tim does so well is to articulate a simple truth that ultimately leaves you with hope: it doesn’t have to be this way. Air pollution is a man-made problem and Clearing the Air sets out the simple steps that governments and individuals must take to ensure that everyone can breathe clean air. Read it and take action! -- James Thornton, CEO, ClientEarthA thoughtful, worthwhile book that fulfils the important role of observing air pollution across widespread regions of the world. China is not the first country to experience the environmental impacts of industrialization, and it will not be the last. -- Ma Jun, Director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, Beijing, ChinaTable of ContentsPrologue PART I: ORIGINS Chapter 1: The Greatest Smog? Chapter 2: Life’s a Gas Chapter 3: Particulate Matters Chapter 4: No Smoke Without Fire Chapter 5: The Dash for Diesel Chapter 6: Struggling to Breathe PART II: FIGHTBACK Chapter 7: The Greatest Smog Solution? Chapter 8: Electric Dreams Chapter 9: Road Rage Chapter 10: What Price Fresh Air? Epilogue The Clean Air Blueprint: For Cities The Clean Air Blueprint: For You References Acknowledgements

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Book SynopsisAn unparalleled how-to guide to citizen-sensing practices that monitor air pollution Modern environments are awash with pollutants churning through the air, from toxic gases and intensifying carbon to carcinogenic particles and novel viruses. The effects on our bodies and our planet are perilous. Citizens of Worlds is the first thorough study of the increasingly widespread use of digital technologies to monitor and respond to air pollution. It presents practice-based research on working with communities and making sensor toolkits to detect pollution while examining the political subjects, relations, and worlds these technologies generate. Drawing on data from the Citizen Sense research group, which worked with communities in the United States and the United Kingdom to develop digital-sensor toolkits, Jennifer Gabrys argues that citizen-oriented technologies promise positive change but then collide with entrenched and inequitable power structures. She asks: Who or what constitutes a “citizen” in citizen sensing? How do digital sensing technologies enable or constrain environmental citizenship? Spanning three project areas, this study describes collaborations to monitor air pollution from fracking infrastructure, to document emissions in urban environments, and to create air-quality gardens. As these projects show, how people respond to, care for, and struggle to transform environmental conditions informs the political subjects and collectives they become as they strive for more breathable worlds.Trade Review"The planet, the region, the community, the neighborhood, the block—these are all sensoria: sites of sense, sensation, and sensibility. Citizens of Worlds offers a powerful and instructive report on how to create everyday sensor infrastructures to register and combat the damage these social sensoria are suffering amidst today’s compromised atmospheres and environments. A critical handbook for theory and action."—Stefan Helmreich, Massachusetts Institute of Technology"In this timely and carefully crafted book, Jennifer Gabrys takes us on a fascinating journey to trace the multiple relations between citizens and their environments mediated though sensors. Throughout the book we encounter diverse sensing technologies, each making us reflect more deeply about how environments are made perceptible and how this allows us to act upon them in novel ways. The concept of ‘citizens of worlds’ sensitizes us to the multiple ways in which these novel experiences of the environment co-constitute political subjects. A mind-opening read inviting further explorations."—Ulrike Felt, University of Vienna

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Book SynopsisThe desire for a more efficient life coupled with the methods of production and pollution brought about by the Industrial Revolution have degraded the environment. Reports concerning sustainable strategies for the control of pollutants released into the environment are meager at best. Notably, the significance of sustainable/bio-remediation energy using either plants or bacteria has been elucidated recently as a primary method to decontaminate such polluted environments. Through different scholarly manuscripts contributed by eminent researchers and scientists from all over the globe, this edited volume aims to discuss insights into the control of pollutants in environmental sectors with microorganisms. The designing and execution of innovative studies encompassing microorganisms and their role in making our planet free of chemical pollutants can be provoked by the outcomes of the deliberations of scientists and researchers. This book can be useful for graduate and research (MPhil/PhD) students in the fields of environmental science and environmental pollution control.

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Book SynopsisIndoor air quality and human health are of continuously growing importance. Indoor air quality may be affected by many factors excluding, but not limited to, more loosely sealed buildings, the use of air purifiers and other pollutant sources (for example, room air fresheners), the use of various chemicals for pesticide management and cleaning, and finally, the use of synthetic building materials and furnishings. In recent years, people have become more aware of potential health and comfort problems that may be associated with poor indoor air quality. It is partly due to the move to more tightly sealed buildings, the implementation of energy conservation programs, and the growing use of laser printers, photocopiers, and other sources of indoor air contamination. Greater general awareness of environmental issues may also play a part. Most IAQ complaints from building occupants are related to a respiratory headache, irritation, odours, or fatigue. These concerns may be associated with chemical vapours, dust generated in the work environment, contaminants associated with fungal growth (mould), materials infiltrating from outside sources (such as pollen or engine exhaust), or other factors such as elevated carbon dioxide levels. This handbook aims to turn the attention to these subjects and to promote methods and technologies to reduce poor indoor air quality and to distribute outdoor air throughout the building, remove contaminants and odours, and control the indoor temperature and humidity. The information in this guide will help to maintain good indoor air quality in a building, prevent indoor air quality problems, and correct issues that may arise. It will also help to understand the indoor air quality requirements. The structure of this text allows for flexibility in course content and design. It may be used equally well either as a textbook for students or a handbook for environmental consultants, mechanical engineers, building occupants, labour unions and suppliers. Furthermore, this text may be useful data for either the undergraduate or the graduate level. The author wishes to acknowledge Nova Science Publishers with special mentions to Nadya S Gotsiridze-Columbus and Carra Feagaiga for their editorial support.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/healthy-safety-and-hygiene-at-buildings-environment/

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a current review of the problem of heavy metal removal. Microorganisms and microbial activity in environments of water and soil are presented in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 covers current knowledge about photoactive materials based on porphyrins. This book reports the manner in which plants interact with heavy metals dependent mainly on the type of contamination, species of plant as well as conditions. The book presents biological strategies for the elimination of heavy metals from polluted habitats-phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytodegradation, phytostimulation, phytovolatilization and phytofiltration. Also included are analytical methods to determine heavy metals in water such as atomic absorption spectrometry, electrochemical methods, colorimetric and chromatographic techniques.Table of ContentsPreface; Microorganisms for Heavy Metal Removal; Photoactive Materials for Heavy Metal Removal; Biomass-Based Absorbents for Heavy Metal Removal; Biological Strategies for Heavy Metal Removal; Analytical Methods for the Detection and Determination of Heavy Metals in Water; Index.

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Book SynopsisIn Situ Remediation Engineering provides a comprehensive guide to the design and implementation of reactive zone methods for treatment of all major classes of groundwater contamination. It teaches the fundamentals that underlie development of cost-effective reactive zone strategies, guides the selection of cost-effective remedial strategies and provides environmental engineers and scientists with tools to achieve optimal deployment of source area, reactive barrier, and site-wide treatments. It offers extensive coverage of remedial system operation, discussing reagent injection strategies, interpretation of process monitoring results for biological and chemical reactive zone systems, and impacts of treatment processes on aquifer hydraulic characteristics.Trade Review"This is an exceptional reference book that bridges the gap between the needs of academics and practitioners. It is both informative as well as practical . . . This book is very valuable to environmental scientists and engineers who are interested in groundwater and contaminated land bioremediation." – Diane Purchase, University of Middlesex, in Microbiology Today, May 2007Table of ContentsThis text provides a comprehensive guide to the design and implementation of reactive zone methods for treatment of all major classes of groundwater contamination. It teaches the fundamentals of developing cost-effective reactive zone strategies, guides the selection of cost-effective remedial strategies, and provides the tools to achieve optimal deployment of source area, reactive barrier, and site-wide treatments. It offers extensive coverage of remedial system operation, discussing reagent injection strategies, interpretation of process monitoring results for biological and chemical reactive zone systems, and the impacts of treatment processes on aquifer hydraulic characteristics.

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Book SynopsisNew analytical techniques have enhanced current understanding of the behavior of trace and ultratrace elements in the biogeochemical cycling, chemical speciation, bioavailability, bioaccumulation, and as applied to the phytoremediation of contaminated soils. Addressing worldwide regulatory, scientific, and environmental issues, Trace Elements in the Environment explores these frontiers, including biotechnological aspects of metal-binding proteins and peptides and phytoremediation strategies using trees, grasses, crop plants, aquatics, and risks to ecological and human health. Discussing trace elements in the holistic environment, this book covers advances in state-of-the-art analytical techniques, molecular biotechology, and contemporary biotechnology that enhances knowledge of the behavior of trace elements in the biogeosphere and at the cellular and molecular level.The editors and their hand-picked panel of contributors provide authoritative coverage of trace elements in the environment. They highlight cutting-edge applications of emerging strategies and technologies to the problems of trace elements in the environment. The editors discuss emerging areas such as bacterial biosorption of trace elements, processes, and applications of electroremediation of heavy metals-contaminated soils, application of novel nanoporous sorbents for the removal of heavy metals, metalloids, and radionuclides. The book focuses on the effects of increasing levels of trace elements on ecological and human health, evaluates the effectiveness of methods of phytoremediation, and covers risk assessment, pathways, and trace element toxicity.Containing more than 150 illustrations, tables, photographs, and equations, the book's coverage spans the entire body of knowledge available about how and why plants interact with metals and other trace elements.Table of ContentsBioavailability. Biogeochemistry. Biotechnology. Bioremediation. Risk Assessment.

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Book SynopsisIndustrial pollution occurs when the waste from industries are directly dumped into surrounding water bodies and open lands which causes various types of pollution. The related economic and health costs and effects are constantly increasing and constantly being evaluated. This book presents recent research in the field.

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Book SynopsisWith the prospect of new layers of complexity being added to air pollution controls, and with electricity restructuring putting a premium on economic efficiency, interest is being expressed in finding mechanisms to achieve health and environmental goals in simpler, more cost-effective ways. The electric utility industry is a major source of air pollution, particularly sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and mercury (Hg), as well as unregulated greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). At issue is whether a new approach to environmental protection could achieve the nation''s air quality goals more cost-effectively than the current system. One approach being proposed is a "multi-pollutant" strategy - a framework based on a consistent set of emissions caps, implemented through emissions trading. Just how the proposed approach would fit with the current (and proposed) diverse regulatory regimes remains to be worked out; they might be replaced to the greatest extent feasible, or they might be overlaid by the framework of emissions caps. This book summarises the most recent evaluation of the status and trends in our nation''s air quality. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

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Book SynopsisWith increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, the extent of effects on the ocean and marine resources is an increasing concern. One aspect of this issue is the potential for seawater to become increasing acidic (i.e., ocean acidification). Scientists are concerned that increasing acidity could result in reduced growth or even death of shell-forming animals as well as disruption of marine food webs and reproductive physiology. Congress is beginning to focus attention on better understanding this issue and determining how it might be addressed. As well as examining the above issues, this book also presents an overview of the causes of hypoxia, the U.S. areas of most concern, federal legislation, and relevant research programs. In addition, this book reviews the history and oil spills in the United States; identifies the legal authorities governing oil spill prevention, response and cleanup; and examines the threats of future oil spills in U.S. coastal waters. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

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Book SynopsisFly ash is one of the residues generated in the combustion of coal. Fly ash is generally captured from the chimneys of coal-fired power plants, and is one of two types of ash that jointly are known as coal ash; the other, bottom ash, is removed from the bottom of coal furnaces. Depending upon the source and makeup of the coal being burned, the components of fly ash vary considerably, but all fly ash includes substantial amounts of silicon dioxide (SiO2) (both amorphous and crystalline) and calcium oxide (CaO). Toxic constituents include arsenic, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium, chromium VI, cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, selenium, strontium, thallium, and vanadium, along with dioxins and PAH compounds. In the past, fly ash was generally released into the atmosphere, but pollution control equipment mandated in recent decades now require that it be captured prior to release. In the US, fly ash is generally stored at coal power plants or placed in landfills. About 43 percent is recycled, often used to supplement Portland cement in concrete production. It is increasingly finding use in the synthesis of geopolymers and zeolites.

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Book SynopsisAs part of its mission to protect human health and the environment, the Environmental Protection Agency''s (EPA) enforcement office maintains civil and criminal enforcement programs to help enforce the requirements of major federal environmental laws such as the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act. EPA''s civil and criminal enforcement programs work with the Department of Justice (DOJ), and in some cases States, to take legal actions to bring polluters into compliance with federal laws. While civil enforcement actions require polluters to pay penalties and take other corrective actions, criminal enforcement actions may also include imprisonment. EPA estimates that these efforts achieved commitments to reduce 3.9 billion pounds of pollutants in the environment, primarily from air and water. EPA also assessed more than $195 million in civil and criminal fines and restitution during FY2008. Nevertheless, non-compliance with federal pollution control laws remains a continuing concern. This book focuses on the EPA''s vow to pursue civil and criminal violations of environmental laws. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

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Book SynopsisAs pollution from cars, trucks, and land-based stationary sources has been more tightly controlled over the last 40 years, the contribution of ships and port operations to air pollution in port cities has become more important. In the same period, foreign trade has grown dramatically; thus, pollution from shipping and port operations would be growing as a percentage of total emissions, even if the emissions were regulated to the same degree as other sectors. This book provides information regarding pollution from ships and port facilities and discusses some of the measures being implemented and considered by local, state, and federal regulatory agencies. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

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Book SynopsisIn the last few years, the concern about pollutants present in indoor environments has greatly increased since in developed countries people spend large amounts of time indoors. The markedly growing consumption of cosmetics, air fresheners, house-cleaners, biocides, as well as the increase in the use of new building materials in carpeting, paints, furnishings, etc, may turn our homes, schools, offices and workplaces into harmful microenvironments. Inadequate ventilation coupled with the slow indoor degradation processes may increase indoor pollution levels. This book presents methodological developments for the analysis of pollutants in indoor air, focusing the attention on emerging contaminants and biocides that can be found both in the air gas phase, as well as associated to the suspended particulate matter and settled dust.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents important research advances in the study of air pollution, as well as traffic-related air pollution, the national air quality and the role of ship emissions in air pollution. Topics discussed herein include traffic benzene pollution in Bangkok; organic pollutants in urban air; development of forecasting models for predicting hourly ozone concentrations; traffic-related air pollution; snowmobile pollution in North America; hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engines; air quality standards; air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from ships; and emission control area proposals.

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Book SynopsisGreenhouse gas emissions have increased markedly since the pre-industrial era and are increasing at such a rate that their concentration in the atmosphere is producing a warming influence on the global climate. In order to make well-informed decisions on ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is important to understand how the different economic sectors contribute to the production of greenhouse gases, which sectors are relatively carbon dioxide (CO2) intensive, and how these patterns have evolved over time. This book analyses energy-related CO2 emissions and intensities for 349 industries, Government (Federal, state and local), and Households. The 349 industries cover the entire economy, providing information on detailed sub-sectors within the aggregate sectors of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Mining, Construction, Manufacturing, Transportation Services, and all other services.

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Book SynopsisA former FBI agent?s urgent call for law enforcement to prioritize far-right violence and end tolerance for police racismIn Policing White Supremacy, former FBI agent Mike German, who worked undercover in white supremacist and militia groups, issues a wake-up call about law enforcement?s dangerously lax approach to far-right violence.Despite over a hundred deadly acts by far-right militants since the 2017 Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, and the far right?s attempts to obstruct transfer of power to a duly elected president on January 6, the FBI continues to deprioritize investigations into white supremacist violence, instead targeting marginalized groups such as environmentalists and Black Lives Matter. In 2005, for example, the FBI labeled eco-terrorists as the top domestic threat, despite not a single fatal attack in the United States.Noting that the FBI does not even compile accurate national data on white supremacist violence, German also exposes the continuing tolerance of overt racism in law enforcement, and police membership in white supremacist organizations. The threat these officers pose became clear when at least twenty-eight current and former law enforcement officials were alleged to have participated in the 2021 Capitol breach.With chapters on ?The Rise of the Proud Boys,? ?A New Approach to Policing Hate Crimes,? and ?Policing the Police,? Policing White Supremacy shows how the lack of transparency and accountability in federal, state, and local law enforcement has eroded public trust and undermined democracy. ?Law Enforcement?s Role in Resisting White Supremacy? points the way forward to a future where far-right violence is recognized and addressed as the true threat it presents to our country.

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Book SynopsisFormaldehyde is a building block in the synthesis of many other compounds of specialised and industrial significance. It exhibits most of the chemical properties of other aldehydes but is more reactive. In this book, the authors discuss the chemistry, applications and role in polymerisation of formaldehyde. Topics discussed include the properties of urea-formaldehyde resins for wood-based composites; electronic spectra of formaldehyde in aqueous solution; decontamination of indoor air pollutants of formaldehyde through catalytic oxidation over oxide supported noble metal nanocatalysts; indoor air monitoring using newly developed formaldehyde sensor elements and portable monitoring devices; unusual behaviour during the electrochemical oxidation of formaldehyde; and an algebraic approach to estimate the PES of formaldehyde through the study of vibrational excitations.

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Book SynopsisThe book offers a comprehensive review of current research regarding the influences of environmental factors involved in human health and ageing. Many environmental compounds promote excessive oxidative stress, which is the primary cause of accelerated ageing and which also contributes to the development of human diseases. The basic concepts of ageing theories are discussed, as is the promotion of oxidative stress which has been identified as one of the most important mechanisms responsible for the toxic effects of the majority of environmental pollutants. Antioxidants play an important role in the defence against pollutant-induced toxicity.

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Book SynopsisIn recent decades, it has been recognized that environmental pollution causes serious local and global harmful effects, both to human health and ecosystems, and therefore the protection and restoration of the environment is a matter of great importance. Through the joint efforts of mathematicians, geophysicists and environmentalists, diverse methods for solving varied problems of environmental pollution have been developed. In this text, mathematical methods for analyzing the problems of transport and dispersion of relatively passive pollutants, control of air emissions and remediation of polluted aquatic systems are presented in such form that they are easily understood by undergraduate and graduate students. The application of the adjoint method is emphasized as a way to get dual estimates of average concentrations of different substances. This methodology helps to establish simple variational and linear programming formulations in order to calculate optimal solutions of these problems in the sense that they meet the standards of air quality and cause the minimal variations in the industrial processes or in the environment. This text is primarily intended for scientists, engineers and other professionals working in the field of environmental modeling (transport of air and water pollutants, assessment of pollution levels, optimal control of emission rates from point, line and area sources, the optimal location of a new industrial plant, bioremediation of oil-contaminated aquatic zones, etc.). We hope that this book will be useful for undergraduate and graduate students of engineering sciences and earth sciences as well.

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