Medical research Books

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Book SynopsisThe calcium metabolism in the living body is skilfully regulated through calcium-regulating hormones, including the parathyroid hormone, active vitamin D3 metabolite and calcitonin. The blood calcium concentration is ten thousand-fold compared with the levels in cells. Cells use extracellular calcium to regulate cell function efficiently. Intracellular calcium homeostasis is exactly regulated through the mechanism related to various calcium transport systems in cells. Signal transduction plays a pivotal role in cellular regulation. Calcium signalling is probably the most ubiquitous cellular signal that mediates the action of many hormones, cytokines, and neurotransmitters. Calcium regulates the activity of numerous calcium-dependent proteins including protein kinases, protein phosphatases, protease and other calcium-regulating factors involved in calcium signalling. Calcium signalling plays a pivotal role in the regulation of manifold cellular functions including cell proliferation, apoptosis and gene expression. This book focuses on recent topics in calcium signalling and its related diseases.

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Book SynopsisStem cells are the building blocks of the body. They can develop into any of the cells that make up our bodies. Stem cells carry a lot of hope for the treatment of a broad range of diseases and injuries, spanning from cancers, diabetes, genetic diseases, graft-versus-host disease, eye, heart and liver diseases, inflammatory and auto-immune disorders, to neurological diseases and injuries, particularly neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer''s and Parkinson''s diseases, cerebral strokes, and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Stem cell research is therefore as important for our understanding the physio- and pathology of the body, as for development and therapy, including for the nervous system. This book aims at providing an overview and in depth analysis of recent developments in stem cell research and therapy. It is composed of recently published review articles that went through a peer-review process.

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Book SynopsisHuman biobanks are a revolution in the field of medical sciences and technologies. As organised bioresources of samples and data providing high quality services for clinical and research applications, human biobanks are contributing to the shape of the modern realm of translational research globally. In relation to this facet, human biorepositories are raising a number of ethical, legal and social issues surrounding the use of biomaterials and related information for therapeutic or research purposes. This book seeks to draw up the main issues related to the established and emerging human biobanks focusing on the issues of ownership, commercialisation, informed consent, privacy protection and return of results. To provide a comprehensive analysis of these elements, this book proposes a reading of known as well as emerging ethical and regulatory issues related to biorepositiories, comprised of both adult and paediatric biobanks. This book includes an edition of papers addressing ethical, legal and social aspects of biobanks and news contributions related to this field.

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Book SynopsisThe World Health Organization expects deaths from non-communicable diseases to rise by 15% between 2010 and 2020, with jumps of over 20% in Africa and South-East Asia. For example, the number of people in the developing world with diabetes will increase by more than 2.5-fold, from 84 million in 1995 to 228 million in 2025. Furthermore, the WHO reported that almost 80% of deaths from chronic diseases now occur in developing countries, where most of the world''s population lives. Chronic diseases negatively affect quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals, contribute to premature death, and create huge economic burdens on families, communities and societies in general. Unless urgent action is taken, 41 million people will die of a chronic disease in 2015. This book creates awareness about the problem in developing countries by outlining the magnitude and critically analysing the dilemma (that is the double burden of disease) and putting it in context, while examining the issues, best practices, government policies, prevention, the direction and the way forward using an integrated approach. The book relates chronic diseases to climate change and sustainable development, which has not been done before. It points out the need for involvement of the non-health sector, discusses dialog with the food industry, and media for better understanding and solutions to the problem. It calls for urgent action to prevent the problem from escalating and gives a number of recommendations.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles biographical sketches of top professionals in the field of medicinal research, as well as research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles biographical sketches of top professionals in the field of medicinal research, as well as research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisBeta-Lapachone is a natural quinone compound found in the lapacho tree bark. Studies over the past decades have demonstrated that this quinone compound possesses diverse biological activities. This book discusses the scientific findings regarding the role of beta-lapachone in treating a wide variety of human diseases in experimental models. These include cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and infectious diseases, among many others. It is hoped that this book would provide the reader an excellent example illustrating how a natural compound possesses such amazing capabilities to modulate the different aspects of cell biology to potentially impact the diverse human diseases.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries which compiles research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.

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Book SynopsisInflammation or irritation of the bursa in the major joints is most often caused by repetitive, minor impact on the area, or from a sudden, more serious injury. Age also plays a role. Overuse or injury to the joint at work or play can also increase a person''s risk of bursitis. Incorrect posture at work or home and poor stretching or conditioning before exercise can also lead to bursitis. Anatomic deformities may also add stress on a bursa sac, causing bursitis. Stress or inflammation from other conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, psoriatic arthritis, thyroid disorders, or unusual medication reactions may also increase a person''s risk. In addition, an infection can occasionally lead to inflammation of a bursa. The most common symptoms of bursitis are pain, stiffness and swelling. The pain may build up gradually or be sudden and severe, especially if calcium deposits are present. Bursitis diagnosis may occur after a clinical examination and it is usually confirmed by imaging such as with an ultrasound or MRI. X-ray images can''t positively establish the diagnosis of bursitis, but they can help to exclude other causes of your discomfort. Bursitis can be treated in a number of ways, including rest, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, injections of local anaesthetic or corticosteroids, physical therapy and, in rare cases, surgery. The authors also discuss the treatment options for bursitis in this book.

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Book SynopsisThis continuing series gathers and presents original research results on the leading edge of medicine and biology. Each article has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial topical data across a broad spectrum. Topics discussed in this book include documenting and describing the methods and value of medication therapy management programs; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in cryptococcal meningitis; growth hormone deficiency in children; the barrier function of retinal pigment epithelium; the use of lateral access in lumbar spondylolisthesis; clinical effects of Yokukansan for tension-type headaches; myocardial hypertrophy and periodontal disease; evaluation of national drug policy in Sudan; mucosally-restricted leishmaniasis in the old and new world; results of pharmacist''s intervention in a geriatric outpatient clinics based on potentially inappropriate prescribing criteria; results in patients treated surgically with osteodesis vs bloodless treated with plaster; and a short commentary on an ethical analysis of banning free pharmaceutical samples.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a continuation of the book "Medicine Researcher Biographical Sketches and Research Summaries" which compiles biographical sketches of top professionals in the field of medicinal research, as well as research summaries from a number of different focuses in this important field.''

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the connection between flow (or the mental state of becoming fully immersed in an activity) with a diverse range of physical and mental conditions. It begins with an introduction to the theory of flow and previous research on its social role and health benefits. It then provides an overview of the neurological functions underlying flow as well as instruments and methods for measuring it. The remainder of the book outlines, through a critical discussion of recent clinical research, the relationships between flow and emotional issues such as guilt, shyness, stress, and optimism. The study shows that the promotion of flow can benefit those suffering from negative emotional conditions. This work is significant because it shows areas in which promotion of flow can potentially provide clinical benefits.

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Book SynopsisThis book is an account of criticism and controversy surrounding modern medicine. Chapter One provides an overview of the contents. Chapter Four explains the contribution of the concept of paradigm'' to the analysis provided. The argument is that, for all its fine accomplishments in medicine, the science has also damaged the art. This view is an echo of views expressed by eminent physicians early in the last Century, including William Osler and Francis Peabody. Concrete evidence of an ailing doctor-patient relationship is manifest in the form of some serious clinical problems. These include patient dissatisfaction, failure to take prescribed medication, failure of a doctor''s reassurance of normality to allay anxiety, resort to alternative medicine, use of patient advocates and defection'' to alternative medicine. These we see as, not only damaging to treatment and health outcome, and very expensive, but indicators of a basic lack of trust. To compound the problem, the clinical process is essentially hermeneutic; an interpretive exercise. Hence it cannot be studied without interview and qualitative data analysis. Such methods are also indispensable for the understanding of the doctor''s management decisions, particularly the social context. The science of medicine is well served by biomedical research and education which has recently been reinforced by the rise of clinical epidemiology and evidence-based medicine. Of great concern is that the skills of sociology and the humanities have been spurned, even denigrated as journalistic'' or unscientific''. Not only has this prevented physicians from fully understanding the patient''s medical views and social predicament, but has robbed us of the humanistic'' research methods needed to research the problems. These problems cannot be explained simply as side-effects of the impact of science. Rather there are much deeper currents. In Thomas Kuhn''s terms, medicine shifted paradigm from superstition to rationality in Ancient Greece, and again to scientific modern medicine at the time of the French Revolution. Medicine, it seems, is on the cusp of a further paradigm shift to a postmodern paradigm. The goal is that this brings the necessary balance between the already revitalised science and the ancient art of medicine. To achieve this, the establishment of centres for the study of clinical practice'' to train reflective physicians'', who will lead clinical practice research'', with multidisciplinary studies of the process of clinical care is needed. This will mean applying research methods of empirical science, clinical epidemiology, biostatistics and evidence-based medicine, already in progress and, in cooperation with relevant academics hosted by the centre, interview techniques involving qualitative analysis or any other appropriate methods. An important function is to act as a catalyst to inject social science and humanities into the current modern medical curriculum.

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Book SynopsisCurcumin is a natural product with polyphenolic structure. It is used in therapeutic remedies alone or in combination with other natural substances. Many researchers are investigating it because of its biological activities such as: anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-protozoal, anti-viral, anti-bacterial and has been found to be effective for treatment of Alzheimer, depression, headaches, fibromyalgia, leprosy, fever, menstrual problems, water retention, worms and kidney problems etc. It is an active ingredient in dietary spice, turmeric. It has reactive functional groups: a diketone moiety and two phenolic groups. Despite its unique biological activities, it suffers from some shortcomings which include: gastrointestinal problems, poor bioavailability due to its poor absorption, short half-life, poor solubility in aqueous solutions, rapid systemic elimination and antithrombotic activity which can interfere with blood clotting. The first chapter of this book reviews the different delivery systems used for incorporation of curcumin and its derivatives, release kinetics and up to date in vivo results. Chapter two discusses curcumin nano and microencapsulation and its implications on clinical uses. Chapter three studies the epigenetic changes induced by curcumin and its congeners and the potential of utilising these changes in the treatment of different diseases. The last two chapters examine the effects of curcumin in human nasal epithelial cells; and differential absorption of curcuminoids between free and liposomed curcumin formulations.

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Book SynopsisIncisional hernia (IH) represents a postoperative abnormal orifice or weakness in the abdominal wall through which normally contained viscera protrude beneath the skin. This book examines the risk factors, prevention methods, and management options for incisional hernias. It also provides a biomolecular basis of IH; discusses the loss of abdominal domain; examines preoperative techniques for the management of giant hernias; studies intraabdominal pressure modification in "component separation" techniques for the repair of incisional hernias; reviews the incidence, and repair of IH after abdominal organ transplantation; and finally, provides an overview of the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications of right sided congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDH).

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Book SynopsisCryosurgery is a common procedure, known for thousands of years. Cryoablation causes tissue necrosis by freezing the targeted tissues. Necrosis results from the freezing and thawing of cells (crystallisation water) and the sequestration of the dead tissue by the organism. After removal of the lesion, regeneration through the layering of a new epithelium starts. Cryosurgery is a safe procedure which does not cause pain or bleeding. It may be performed in an outpatient clinic and premedication is not necessary. The first section of this book focuses on cryosurgery. Chapter One examines the use of cryosurgery in otolaryngology. Chapter Two addresses all clinical aspects of cryosurgery, summarises the current status of cryosurgery in the treatment guidelines along with the technical success and clinical outcomes of this technique, and compares it to other ablative techniques including the most recent ones such as irreversible electroporation (IRE), and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Furthermore, it discusses the future perspectives of cryosurgery in management of small renal tumors. The second section of the book reviews colposcopies. Chapter Three addresses the different colposcopic findings in squamous and glandular cervical lesions, and demonstrates the performance of colposcopy in cervical intraepithelial lesions diagnosis. Chapter Four reviews the characteristics, risk factors, methods for screening the diagnosis of, and the role of colposcopy in making the diagnosis of Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VaIN). Chapter Five studies the use of vaginal vault cytology after a hysterectomy. Chapter Six critically reviews the causes, risk factors and management of Postcoital bleeding (PCB) in an attempt to outline a unified guidance based on the best available evidence for women and gynecologists alike. Chapter Seven reports clinical procedures, therapeutic effects, and prognosis after the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and early stage cervical cancer. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of PDT in comparison with laser vaporisation and endocervical conisation for CIN and early stage cervical cancer. The final chapter is a commentary which provides and tests a new concept of vulcoscopy to the anatomy of the vulva, according to the differences in histological structure and embryological origin of the vulvar structures. 

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Book SynopsisThis book presents results of current research conducted in the I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine (former I. Beritashvili Institute of Physiology, Tbilisi, Georgia) and is devoted to the experimental investigation of systemic, cellular and molecular mechanisms of physiological functions and their disorders in pathology. More precisely, the results of the following studies are described and discussed: The new, original theory of the fourth main state of an organisms vitality; memory impairments following excitotoxic lesions; biologically positive behavioral indices of the transition state, caused by informational stress and their pharmacological regulation; functioning of mechanisms responsible for perception constancy; peculiarities of EEG characteristics in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; neuroanatomy and neurochemistry of the basic mechanisms for neocortical and hippocampal arousal; changes in learning ability and induction of aggressive behavior caused by manganese loading and ionising radiation; hippocampal activity during learning in different behavioral paradigms; molecular mechanism of PARP-1 action; significance of the diencephalic GABAergic neurons in normal and pathological activity of the brain; cellular mechanisms of antinociceptive tolerance; thermal stability of model globular protein; kinetic features of transport ATPases; antiseizure drugs and EEG in epileptic patients; effect of depakin on EEG epileptiform elements; how six domains form one enzyme; therapeutic potential of extracellular ubiquitin; effect of toluene chronic exposure on hippocampal structure; and the mechanisms of local hyperthermia caused by morphological changes in cerebral tissue.

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Book SynopsisThis is a book comprising 28 small chapters focusing on medical scientists and their discoveries. The title states past truth because these are truly historical and memorable events to be noted by anyone with an interest in medicine, but also present poetry which looks at how these discoveries have impacted on us through the times. The chapters are wide-ranging, but many are from the field of cardiology. Examples of these scientists include Hans Spemann who contributed to the work on stem cells; John Gibbon and cardiopulmonary bypass; Christian Doppler and his theory; Albrecht Fleckenstein and advances in cardiac therapy; Alfred Nobel and the Nobel Prize. This book will be of interest to anyone in medicine who has an interest in the history of outstanding medical discoveries and the individuals behind them.Table of ContentsCardiopulmonary Bypass and John Gibbon; Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the Treatment of Hypertension; Music and Medicine; Cardiac Metabolism: the Beginnings; Molecular Biology: the Beginnings; History of the Society for Molecular and Cellular Cardiology; Isotopes in Cardiology; Gene Therapy in Cardiology; The Neurological Perception of Music; The Dawn of Cardiology; The Fate of Pioneers; Simon Flexner, the Ideal Administrator; Doppler and his Principle; Amateurs in Science, Charles A, Lindbergh; Albrecht Fleckenstein; Heroic Errors in Science and Max Delbruck; Dr Patterson and His Missing Gene; Vital Decisions -- Committee or Individuals?; Science as Business; From Molecular Biology to the Bedside; An Odyssey in Science and Medicine; The Nobel Prize and its History; The Endless River; Paul Ehrlich and his Magic Bullets; Science in the Public Domain; Hans Spemann and Stem Cell Research; Kohler, Milstein and Monoclonal Antibodies; From the Bench to Television: the Development of Statins; Epilogue.

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Book SynopsisThis timely and definitive book examines the nature, scope and proper place of the Nuremberg Code in medical research. Nuremberg has not only played a pivotal role in the ethics and law of human experimentation, it is also a seminal event in the history of codes of human ethics. This book analyses Nazi medicine and its role in setting the standards for human experimentation, and traces the role the Code has played in shaping research ethics and regulation from 1947 to the present.Trade Reviewfine collection of seventeen essays, written by prominent scholars in the field ... makes me appreciate the Nuremberg Code as a radical innovation in its time and as a milestone in the development of the consent doctrine in human experimentation ... renews my respect for the importance of institutional review boards as they struggle to implement the spirit of the Nuremberg Code by ensuring proper consent and protecting subects' welfare in today's research world. * Theoretical Medicine *This laudable collection of essays does much to dispel the confusion and put the whole episode in a proper perspective for those of us who need to know ... this volume of essays is well worth reading. * Claire Gilbert Foster, King's College, London, Journal of Medical Ethics, 1995, 21 *Table of Contents1: George J. Annas and Michael A. Grodin: Introduction and Overview Part I: The Nazi Doctors and the Medical Experiments 2: Robert Proctor, Ph.D.: Nazi Doctors, Racial Medicine and Human Experimentation 3: Christian Pross, M.D.: Nazi Doctors, German Medicine and the Fight for Historical Truth 4: Eva Mozes-Kor, B.S.: The Mengele Twins and Human Experimentation: A Personal Account Part II: The Doctor's Trial and the Nuremberg Code 5: Telford Taylor, LL.B., LL.D.: Opening Statement of the Prosecution 6: Judgement and Aftermath 7: Michael A. Grodin, M.D.: Historical Origins of the Nuremberg Code Part III: The Role of Codes in International and U.S. Law 8: The Nuremberg Code Revisited: An International Overview, Sharon Perley, B.A., et al. 9: Robert Drinan S.J., J.D.: The War Crimes Trials: The Nuremberg Principles as Human Rights Protection in International Law 10: Leonard H. Glantz, J.D.: The Influence of the Nuremberg Code on United States Statutes and Regulations 11: George J. Annas, J.D., M.P.H.: The Nuremberg Code in the United States Courts: Ethics Vs. Expediency Part IV: The Nuremberg Code: Ethics and Modern Medical Research 12: Jay Katz, M.D.: The Consent Principles of the Nuremberg Code: Its Significance for Then and Now 13: Ruth Machlin, Ph.D.: Universality of the Nuremberg Code: Are Ethics Relative to Time and Geography? 14: Arthur Caplan, Ph.D.: No Comparison: The Doctor's Trial and Analogies to the Holocaust in Contemporary Bioethics Debates 15: Marcia Angell, M.D.: Editorial Responsibility: Protecting Human Rights by Restricting Publication of Unethical Research 16: Wendy K. Mariner, J.D., M.P.H.: Contemporary Therapeutic AIDS Research and the Legacy of the Nuremberg Code Conclusion 17: George J. Annas, J.D., M.P.H. and Michael A. Grodin, M.D.: Where do We Go From Here?

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Book SynopsisOver the last several decades, bioethicists have championed a bewildering variety of methods for understanding and resolving difficult ethical problems in medicine, including: principlism, wide reflective equilibrium, casuistry, feminism, virtue theory, narrative, and others. Much of this advocacy overlooks the limitations of the favored method, and also neglects the strengths found in alternative approaches.Tom Tomlinson systematically uncovers and evaluates both the strengths and limits of a variety of ethical tools, and in so doing develops a comprehensive appreciation of the roles that various methods can play in deepening our understanding of ethical problems in medicine, and in supporting well-grounded judgments about what to do. He critically evaluates each method to identify both limits and advantages, which he then illustrates through discussion of specific cases and controversies. Tomlinson not only demonstrates that there is no single method adequate to the task, but tries tTrade ReviewNo other bioethics book so adroitly combines methodological survey with critical synthesis as this one does... This book should be regarded as mandatory reading for all serious students of medical ethics. * Doody's Notes, Jan 2013 *Table of ContentsIntroduction ; Chapter 1: The Indispensability of Principles ; Chapter 2: The Limits of Principles ; Chapter 3: Putting Principles in Context: Balancing, Specification and Reflective Equilibrium ; Chapter 4: Casuistry: Ruled by Cases ; Chapter 5: Narrative Ethics: The Uses of Stories ; Chapter 6: Feminism, Context and Care ; Chapter 7: Virtue Theory ; Chapter 8: Fitting Methods to Cases

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Book SynopsisEthics in Mental Health Research explores how ethical issues arise in mental health research and offers guidance to researchers who seek to comply with regulations while conducting research that is both ethical and scientifically credible. Case studies used throughout illustrate a variety of ethical issues and effective problem-solving strategies.Trade ReviewThis compendium of resources is a landmark contribution to the mental health field. * Joseph G. Ponterotto, PsycCritiques, Vol 53, Release 40 *This outstanding book on mental health research ethics certainly will become obligatory reading for anyone contemplating research on mental illness as well as anyone responsible for the ethical and regulatory review of such research. * Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Why Focus on Mental Health Research? ; 1. Ethics and Regulatory Compliance: Competing or Complementary Approaches? ; 2. An Ethical Framework for Research ; 3. Solving Ethical Problems: Analyzing Ethics Cases and Justifying Decisions Case Study: Willowbrook Revisited ; 4. Informed Consent Case Study: Withholding information on study purpose ; 5. Decision-Making Capacity and the Involvement of Surrogates Case Study: Questionable capacity Case Study: Waiving parental permission ; 6. Thinking about Harms and Benefits Case Study: A study of suicidality with at-risk teens ; 7. Justice in Recruitment and Research Case Study: Reimbursing participants for their time in a psychotherapy trial Case Study: Biological studies of aggressive behavior in preteens ; 8. Research Questions and Study Design Case Study: The ethics of placebo controls ; 9. Protecting Privacy and Confidentiality Case Study: Confidentiality and mandatory reporting ; 10. Identifying and Managing Conflicts of Interest Case Study: Multiple illustrative vignettes

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Book SynopsisAttractively illustrated with over a hundred halftones and drawings, this volume presents a series of vibrant profiles that trace the evolution of our knowledge about the brain.Beginning almost 5000 years ago, with the ancient Egyptian study of the marrow of the skull, Stanley Finger takes us on a fascinating journey from the classical world of Hippocrates, to the time of Descartes and the era of Broca and Ramon y Cajal, to modern researchers such as Sperry. Here is a truly remarkable cast of characters. We meet Galen, a man of titanic ego and abrasive disposition, whose teachings dominated medicine for a thousand years; Vesalius, a contemporary of Copernicus, who pushed our understanding of human anatomy to new heights; Otto Loewi, pioneer in neurotransmitters, who gave the Nazis his Nobel prize money and fled Austria for England; and Rita Levi-Montalcini, discoverer of nerve growth factor, who in war-torn Italy was forced to do her research in her bedroom. For each individual, FingerTrade ReviewThis book is entertaining and informative with plenty of personal detail and insights into the working practices and conditions of some of the major contributors to what we now call neuroscience. * Advances in Clinical Neuroscience & Rehabilitation *Table of Contents1. Introduction: a voyage across time ; 2. An ancient Egyptian physician: the dawn of neurology ; 3. Hippocrates: the brain as the organ of mind ; 4. Galen: The birth of experimentation ; 5. Andreas Vesalius: the new 'human' neuroanatomy ; 6. Rene Descartes: the mind-body problem ; 7. Thomas Willis: the functional organization of the brain ; 8. Luigi Galvani: electricity and the nerves ; 9. Franz Joseph Gall: the cerebral organs of the mind ; 10. Paul Broca: Cortical localization and cerebral dominance ; 11. David Ferrier and Eduard Hitzig: the experimentalists map the cerebral cortex ; 12. Jean-Martin Charcot: clinical neurology comes of age ; 13. Santiago Ramon y Cajal: from nerve nets to neuron doctrine ; 14. Charles Scott Sherrington: the integrated nervous system ; 15. Edgar D. Adrian: coding in the nervous s#stem ; 16. Otto Loewi and Henry Dale: the discovery of neurotransmitters ; 17. Roger W. Sperry and Rita Levi-Montalcini: from neural growth to 'Split Brains' ; 18. Pioneers and discoveries in the brain sciences

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Book SynopsisInterdisciplinary inquiry has begun to receive widespread attention because of the rich, creative contributions it often generates. But a host of factors, institutional, interpersonal and intellectual, also makes undertaking such research a daunting challenge for potential scientific partners. This volume is a practical guide to the most effective avenues for collaborative and integrative research in the social, behavioural, and biomedical sciences. What is the best way to conduct research programs in these areas? How do you identify appropriate collaborators? How do you find dedicated funding streams? How do you overcome peer-review and publishing challenges? This volume presents a series of case studies of successful interdisciplinary research programs, which provide a variety of models of how best to undertake interdisciplinary research in health and human science.Trade Review"Fills a gap in the academic and practice literature. Its interdisciplinary nature is highly attractive. Prevents professional Myopia. Helps remind us that great practitioners can be terrible teachers. Every issue contains at least one useful idea. In today's publishing world that is a major accomplishment. --Harris Chaiklin, Professor, University of Maryland at Baltimore Interesting, informative, and motivationsal. The variety of subjects and perspectives . . . enhance my own latent interest in several areas of supervision and field instruction. . . . Excellent! -Donald R. Bardill, PhD, Professor, School of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee "Each of this welcome volume's case studies of successful interdisciplinary collaborations related to health is not only intrinsically interesting, but also illuminates how such research can be conducted."-- Steven E. Hyman, Provost, Harvard University, and former Director, National Institute of Mental Health "Each of this welcome volume's case studies of successful interdisciplinary collaborations related to health is not only intrinsically interesting, but also illuminates how such research can be conducted."--Steven E. Hyman, Provost, Harvard University, and former Director, National Institute of Mental Health In sum, this is a first-rate work with a first-rate message." --The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease "Many talk about the virtues of working across disciplines: this volume reveals how it can be accomplished."-Harvey V. Fineberg, President, the Institute of Medicine, the National Academies "Each of this welcome volume's case studies of successful interdisciplinary collaborations related to health is not only intrinsically interesting, but also illuminates how such research can be conducted."--Steven E. Hyman, Provost, Harvard University, and former Director, National Institute of Mental Health In sum, this is a first-rate work with a first-rate message." --The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Interesting, informative, and motivationsal. The variety of subjects and perspectives . . . enhance my own latent interest in several areas of supervision and field instruction. . . . Excellent! -Donald R. Bardill, PhD, Professor, School of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee Fills a gap in the academic and practice literature. Its interdisciplinary nature is highly attractive. Prevents professional Myopia. Helps remind us that great practitioners can be terrible teachers. Every issue contains at least one useful idea. In today's publishing world that is a major accomplishment. --Harris Chaiklin, Professor, University of Maryland at Baltimore "Each of this welcome volume's case studies of successful interdisciplinary collaborations related to health is not only intrinsically interesting, but also illuminates how such research can be conducted."-- Steven E. Hyman, Provost, Harvard University, and former Director, National Institute of Mental Health "Many talk about the virtues of working across disciplines: this volume reveals how it can be accomplished."-Harvey V. Fineberg, President, the Institute of Medicine, the National Academies "The book is likely to be of value not only to scientists but also to decision makers in universities, institutions, and funding agencies. The authors not only summarize interesting and important bodies of work, but also highlight bumps and directions along the winding road they took to achieve such success in their respective interdisciplinary fields."--Journal of Clinical Psychiatry "For helpful work on interdisciplinary teaching and research specifically in the social sciences, I recommended [this book]."--Robert Axelrod, in his Presidential Address to the American Political Science AssociationTable of ContentsPART I: HOME IS WHERE THE HEART IS: THE SOCIAL WORLD AND CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH AND DISEASE; PART II: MIND MATTERS: AFFECTIVE AND COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE; PART III: POSITIVE HEALTH: WHAT NOURISHES WHO FLOURISHES?; PART IV: IN SEARCH OF METHUSELAH: POPULATION PERSPECTIVES ON HEALTH AND LONGEVITY; PART V: A TALE OF TWO CITIES: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF HIV/AIDS

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Book SynopsisSo You Want to Be a Scientist offers readers a glimpse into the job of being a research scientist. It is not intended to be a step-by-step how to book. Rather, it is intended to fill a hole in the education of most would-be scientists, addressing explicitly many issues that are rarely addressed directly in training programs. Starting with thoughts about how to decide whether you''d want to pursue such a career (and if so, how to get started), the book works through some of the obvious topics relevant to a research profession (e.g. how to write a paper, give a talk, construct a grant proposal). It also examines less obvious, but equally important topics that are generally incorporated into a research education only by trial and error-e.g., thinking like a scientist, negotiating scientific politics, dealing with research ethics, and understanding social interactions. Chapters on the challenges and rewards of a career in research science include reflections on science as art and on the soTrade Review"There are too few good books about the positives and negatives of research careers in science, books aimed at young people who need to make choices in high school or college or even in graduate school. Philip A. Schwartzkroin, a neurosurgeon who specializes in epilepsy research, has written such a book. His book has something for everyone from high school through graduate school. His focus is a career in research, and nearly everything he says is equally applicable to careers in all the basic and applied sciences. It's a readable book, and I cannot imagine anyone interested in a career in science not finding it enormously useful."--Dan Agin, as reviewed in The Huffington Post "The author is a professor in the Department of Neurological Surgery at the University of California, Davis. Here, he offers 'an invaluable glimpse into the day-to-day life of the researcher' and gives advice on deciding 'whether you'd want to pursue such a career (and, if so, how to get started.'"--As featured in the "What's New in Sciences books section of Scibook.org and Science Book News "If you're a confused college student, still grasping for some direction in your life, you may have considered a career in research at some point. It's a little daunting to think about, being such a broad field, but Philip Schwartzkroin's helpful book, So You Want to Be a Scientist? makes it surprisingly navigable. Schwartzkroin has obviously experienced what students are going through; his clear and entertaining narrative outlines the whole process, from applying to grad school to working in a faculty position. He explains the challenges and opportunities students will encounter at every step of the journey, and provides advice and encouragement along the way."--As reviewed in The Observer, the student newspaper of Case Western University So You Want to Be a Scientist?...is intended as an introduction to the job of a research scientist. The intended audience is a student in college or high school who is contemplating such a career. However, even graduate students and post-doctoral fellows may also benefit from the perspective of a highly successful scientist who has trained and mentored many people...Dr. Schwartzkroin offers many insights and suggestions and discusses issues that, although obvious to most researchers, many young students may not have contemplated or even be aware of....While it is only a single person's viewpoint, the book is unbiased and general enough to be useful to almost anyone contemplating or starting a career as a research scientist. Readers will find this book useful for focusing their own thoughts and perceptions about research, and, hopefully, helping them to make some decisions regarding their personal path."--Saurabh R. Sinha, MD, PhD, as reviewed in Epilepsy & Behavior "...a crisp new book that should be on the reading list for all young scientists, Philip Schwartzkroin, a Professor of Neuroscience at the University of California Davis, rolls up his sleeves and quickly dispenses with this fairy tale notion of science in which the lone genius dreams up brilliant ideas that change the world. He lays bare the challenges that young scientists will face and the compromises that they may have to make...That the author can engage in these discussions without detracting from the big, beautiful ideas that draw people into science in the first place is a testament to his skill as a writer and mentor...We live in a time of enormous potential for scientific research, but which often feels plagued by a raging epidemic of angst about science as a career. Schwartzkroin's book, combined with a deeper appreciation of the extended value of a PhD, could be a much-needed antidote."--Reviewed by John E. Spiro in Nature NeuroscienceTable of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. Getting Started ; 2. Career Choices and Laboratory Nitty-Gritty ; 3. How to Think like a Scientist ; 4. How to Write a Scientific Paper ; 5. Giving Presentations and Talks ; 6. How to Compose/Submit Grant Applications ; 7. The Politics of Science ; 8. Ethical Conduct of Research ; 9. Scientific Research as a Creative Enterprise ; 10. The Role of the Scientist in Society ; 11. Personal Challenges ; 12. Rewards and Riches

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Book SynopsisThe Human Use of Animals presents case studies that look at the practical and ethical issues arising from the human use of animals. The case studies report the facts about some of the most compelling and difficult issues that confront society today in the human use of animals. Each case study combines the facts of the case with analysis of ethical issues.Table of ContentsPART I. INTRODUCTION; PART II. FARM ANIMALS; PART III. ANIMALS FOR ENTERTAINMENT; PART IV. COMPANION ANIMALS; PART V. RELIGIOUS USES OF ANIMALS; PART VI. ENDANGERED SPECIES; PART VII. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND COSMETIC TESTING; PART VIII. BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH; PART IX. WILDLIFE RESEARCH; PART X. EDUCATIONAL USES OF ANIMALS

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Book SynopsisPalliative and end of life care are concerned with the physical, social, psychological and spiritual care of people with advanced disease. It currently has a poorly developed research base, but the need to improve this is increasingly recognised. One of the reasons for the lack of research - and the variable quality of the research that is undertaken - is the difficulty of conducting research with very ill and bereaved people. Standard and well-established research methods may need to be adapted to work in this context. This means that existing research methods textbooks may be of limited use to palliative care practitioners seeking to do research for the first time, or to more experienced researchers wanting to apply their knowledge in palliative care settings. This research methods textbook is the first to be written specifically for palliative care. It has been edited by four experienced palliative care academics with acknowledged expertise and international reputations in this fielTrade ReviewThe book is well set out, with a useful system of headings ... easily understood by somebody not familiar with the research process. ...this book will be a useful reference for those experienced in research and an invaluable guide for those embarking upon it for the first time. * Palliative Care, *Table of Contents1. Introduction ; SECTION 1 - CLINICAL TRIALS ; 2. Principles of designing clinical trials in palliative care ; 3. Ethical and practical issues in designing and conducting clinical trials in palliative care ; SECTION 2 - SURVEY RESEARCH ; 4. Survey design ; 5. Survey research: methods of data collection, questionnaire design, and piloting ; SECTION 3 - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH METHODS ; 6. Experimental and quasi-experimental designs ; 7. Outcome measurement ; 8. Systematic reviews ; SECTION 4 - QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS ; 9. Qualitative methods of data collection and analysis ; 10. Ethical and practice issues in qualitative research ; 11. Evaluating qualitative research ; 12. Mixed methods for evaluation research ; 13. Ethnography ; 14. Documentary analysis and policy ; SECTION 5 - HOW TO... ; 15. How to develop a research question ; 16. Writing a research proposal ; 17. How to gain research ethics approval ; 18. How to use a statistician ; 19. How to write a paper

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Book SynopsisGenetic Counseling Research: A Practical Guide is the first text devoted to research methodology in genetic counseling. This text offers step-by-step guidance for conducting research, from the development of a question to the publication of findings. Genetic counseling examples, user-friendly worksheets, and practical tips guide readers through the research and publication processes.With a highly accessible, pedagogical approach, this book will help promote quality research by genetic counselors and research supervisors--and in turn, increase the knowledge base for genetic counseling practice, other aspects of genetic counseling service delivery, and professional education. It will be an invaluable resource to the next generation of genetic counseling and its surrounding disciplines.Trade ReviewThe authors have done an excellent job with this manual of scientific methodology oriented to genetic counselors... The value of this book lies in the simplicity of its presentation and its usefulness to beginning genetic counselors who plan to embark on research and scientific writing. * Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsPreface ; Chapter 1: Developing Research Questions ; Chapter 2: Finding Sources ; Chapter 3: Writing a Review of Literature ; Chapter 4: Ethics in Research ; Chapter 5: Choosing a Paradigm ; Chapter 6: Designing a Quantitative Study ; Chapter 7: Quantitative Data Analysis: I've got data, how do I get answers? ; Chapter 8: Conducting Qualitative Genetic Counseling Research ; Chapter 9: Preparing a Manuscript for Publication ; Chapter 10: Guidelines for Directing Research ; References ; Appendix: Additional Resources for Researchers and Research Supervisors

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Book SynopsisDrugs like Lipitor, Plavix, Taxol, and Zoloft are integral in today''s medicinal world. These widely used products save lives and improve the quality of lives, playing a crucial role in everything from cholesterol management to cancer treatment. These advances in medicine were brought into existence after nuanced process of creation, featuring a wide range of chemical and pharmacological experimentation and discovery.Top Drugs: Their History, Pharmacology, and Synthesis provides an in-depth study on ten prominent drugs, outlining the chemistry behind each one''s creation. Jie Jack Li, a medicinal chemist and an expert on drug discovery, offers a thorough analysis of the landscape of current drug development. The comprehensive text is divided by health issues, including cardiovascular, cancer, metabolic diseases, and infectious diseases. Each section features individual chapters on significant drugs, outlining the chemistry and history of the drug''s discovery. Li begins each chapter wiTrade Review"This book will interest students and scientists in disciplines such as chemistry, biology, pharmacology, toxicology, clinical medicine, and biotechnology, as well as informed general audiences. Recommended." --CHOICETable of ContentsTable of Contents ; CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS ; Chapter 1 Atorvastatin Calcium (Lipitor) ; Chapter 2 Clopidogrel (Plavix) ; Chapter 3 Amlodipine (Novasc) ; CANCER DRUGS ; Chapter 4 Paclitaxel (Taxol) ; Chapter 5 Imatinib (Gleevec) ; DRUGS FOR METABOLIC DISEASES ; Chapter 6 Sitagliptin (Januvia) ; CNS DRUGS ; Chapter 7 Sertraline (Cymbalta) ; Chapter 8 Olanzapine (Zyprexa) ; DRUGS TO TREAT INFECTIOUS DISEASES ; Chapter 9 Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi) ; ULCER DRUGS ; Chapter 10 Esomeprazole (Nexium)

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Book SynopsisThe Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics is the first comprehensive and systematic reference on clinical research ethics. Under the editorship of experts from the U.S. National Institutes of Health of the United States, the book''s 73 chapters offer a wide-ranging and systematic examination of all aspects of research with human beings.Considering the historical triumphs of research as well as its tragedies, the textbook provides a framework for analyzing the ethical aspects of research studies with human beings. Through both conceptual analysis and systematic reviews of empirical data, the contributors examine issues ranging from scientific validity, fair subject selection, risk benefit ratio, independent review, and informed consent to focused consideration of international research ethics, conflicts of interests, and other aspects of responsible conduct of research.The editors of The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics offer a work that critically assesses and advancesTrade Review"The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics is the most comprehensive work on this broad topic to date. It sets a high bar for clinical research writing of any kind and, for that matter, textbooks of any kind...It presents thoughtful analyses of each topic by authorities in the field." --The Journal of Clinical Research Best Practices "Overall, the authors have achieved their goals--comprehensiveness, systematic analysis and wide ranging and international perspectives--providing a valuable resource for all those interested and involved in research. For occupational health professionals, it is a book that should be accessible on the library shelf." --Occupational MedicineTable of ContentsPart. 1: The History of Research with Humans; 1. Walter Reed and the Yellow Fever Experiments 2. The Nazi Medical Experiments 3. The Imperial Japanese Experiments in China 4. The Randomized Controlled Trial of Streptomycin 5. The Salk Polio Vaccine Field Trial of 1954 6. The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case 7. The Hepatitis Experiments at the Willowbrook State School 8. The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment 9. HIV Research 10. The Gelsinger Case 11. An Ethical Framework for Biomedical Research ; Part 2: Codes, Declarations, and Other Ethical Guidance for Research with Humans; 12. The Nuremberg Code 13. The Declaration of Helsinki 14. The Belmont Report 15. Regulations for the Protection 16. International Ethical Guidance from the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences 17. The Council of Europe 18. The European Community Directives on Data Protection and Clinical Trials 19. National Bioethics Commissions and Research ; Part 3: Context, Purpose, and Value of Clinical Research ; 20. Exploitation in Clinical Research 21. The Nature, Scope, and Justification of Clinical research: What is Research? Who is a Subject? 22. Four Paradigms of Clinical Research and Research Oversight 23. The Role of Patient Advocates and Public Representatives in Research ; Part 4: ; Scientific Design ; 24. Equipoise and Randomization 25. The Ethics of Placebo- Controlled Trials 26. Challenge Experiments 27. Emergency Research 28. Consent for Research with Biological Samples 29. Genetic Diagnostic, Pedigree, and Screening Research 30. Deception in Clinical Research 31. Ethics of Epidemiology: Observational Studies on Human Populations 32. Ethical Issues in Behavioral and Social Science Research 33. Phase 1 Oncology Research 34. Surgical Innovation and Research ; Part 5: Participant Selection ; 35. What is Fair in Participant Selection? 36. Incentives for Research Participants 37. Ethical Issues in Recruiting Research Participants 38. Ethical Issues in Research Involving Women 39. Ethical Issues in Research with Ethnic and Minority Populations 40. Research Involving Economically Disadvantaged Participants 41. Research Involving Those at Risk for Impaired Decision-making Capacity 42. Research with Children 43. Captive Populations: Prisoners, Students, and Soldiers 44. Research with Identifiable and Targeted Communities 45. Research with Health Volunteers 46. Research with Fetuses, Embryos, and Stem Cells ; Part 6: Risk-Benefit Assessments ; 47. Risk-Benefit Analysis and the Net Risks Test 48. Assessing the Comparing Potential Benefits and Risks of Harm 49. Risk-Benefit Assessment in Pediatric Research ; Part 7: Independent Review and Oversight ; 50. Institutional Review Boards: Their Origins and the Policies that Govern Them 51. Models of Institutional Review Board Function 52. Assessing and Comparing Potential Benefits and Risks of Harm 53. Data and Safety Monitoring Boards 54. The Food and drug Administration and Drug Development: Historic, Scientific, and Ethical Considerations ; Part 8: Informed Consent ; 55. A History of Informed Consent in Clinical Research 56. Philosophical Justifications of Informed Consent in Research 57. Legal and Regulatory Standards of Informed Consent in Research 58. The Therapeutic Misconception 59. Empirical Issues in Informed Consent for Research 60. The Assent Requirement in Pediatric Research ; Part 9: Respect for Human Research Participants ; 61. Confidentiality 62. Legal Responsibility to Research Subjects: Liability and Compensation for Injury 63. The Obligation to Ensure Standards ; Part 10 Multi-National Research ; 64. Appropriate Standards 65. Benefits to Host Countries 66. The Standard of Care in Multi-National Research 67. Responsiveness to Host Community Health Needs ; Part 11: Clinical Investigator Behavior ; 68. Conflicts of Interest in Medical Research: historical Developments 69. Conflicts of Interest 70. Empirical Data on Obligations of Publication: Authorship and Dissemination ; Index

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Book SynopsisHow the NIH Can Help You Get Funded takes a novel, non-formulaic approach in teaching readers how to write a grant -- and much more. The authors draw on their decades of experience working with both investigators and NIH personnel to anticipate their questions and concerns and help establish a comfortable, productive partnership between them. With this book''s focus on applying this knowledge to their personal grant strategy, readers will learn: how the NIH operates at the corporate level, as well as the culture and policies of individual institutes and centers how the NIH budget evolves over the course of a fiscal year and why the timing is important how to customize NIH Web site searches and use the data to increase chances of success how to identify appropriate program officers, study sections, and funding opportunitiesThe authors advise readers on developing each component of the grant application in order of the components'' influence on the final impact score. Individual funding mechanisms are reviewed along with grantsmanship tips specific to each. Readers learn the importance of reviewer-friendly formatting and organization of the text.The final chapters cover next steps after the application has been submitted-before, during, and after the review and funding decision. Strategies for resubmitting or repurposing applications are provided for those readers whose applications do not receive awards. The authors likewise anticipate the needs of readers who do receive funding but have questions on managing and maintaining their award.Amid ever-increasing competition for government research grants, How the NIH Can Help You Get Funded is an invaluable manual for how to pursue -- and sustain -- NIH funding.Trade ReviewThe two authors are experienced with and knowledgeable about this bureaucratic system and provide researchers an exceptional aid in working through the process...the authors do a magnificent job of explaining why the application process is so time-intense. The book also gives superb advice about developing a protocol and applying for a grant and what the different decision steps mean for researchers.100 - 5 stars! * Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsTable of Contents ; Foreword ; Preface ; Acknowledgments ; Essential Steps for Securing NIH Funding: A Quick Guide to Key Concepts ; Abbreviations ; Chapter 1: National Institutes of Health ; * Overview of agency organization and activities ; * Congressional authorization and appropriations ; * Office of the Director components and oversight ; * Overview of grant application and award process, including timeline over three fiscal years ; Chapter 2: Institutes and Centers ; * Overview of each institute and center, with a common data set for each (key links, contact information, details on how funding decisions are made) ; * Advisory Council role ; * Funding trend data where available (number of applications scored and funded at each percentile for FY12 and in some cases FY11) ; Chapter 3: Center for Scientific Review and the Peer Review Process ; * Overview of CSR and its activities ; * Application referral to an IC and study section ; * Picking the right reviewers ; * How your application is reviewed (in person and on the Internet) ; * Tips for crafting your application to help the reviewers ; * How your application is scored and what the score means ; * How percentiles are calculated and the difference between percentile, payline, and success rate ; * Becoming a reviewer ; Chapter 4: Office of Extramural Research ; * Overview of OER and its activities ; * Finding and understanding funding opportunities ; * Preparing the application package ; * Overview of eRA Commons ; * Overview of NIH grants policy ; Chapter 5: Federal Budget Process ; * Impact of federal budget status on NIH funding decisions ; * Process of proposing and passing the federal budget (and NIH appropriation) ; * How you can advocate for more NIH funding ; * What ICs do once they have their final appropriation ; Chapter 6: NIH Funding Data and Trends ; * Overview of available funding data ; * Change in success rate by R01 application type and submission (FY03, FY12) ; * Using NIH data to enhance your grant strategy ; Chapter 7: Getting at Mechanism ; * Overview of NIH funding mechanisms ; * Research grants (R) ; * Small business research project grant mechanisms ; * Research programs (P) ; * Career development (K) ; * Research training (F, T) ; * Supplements and bridge funding ; Chapter 8: Telling Your Story Well ; * Overview of developing your proposal, including where to put preliminary data ; * Correlation between individual criterion scores and impact score ; * Specific aims ; * Approach ; * Significance ; * Innovation ; * Introduction ; * Protection of research subjects ; * Project summary (abstract) ; * Investigators and environment ; * Cover letter ; * Budget ; Chapter 9: Presenting Your Message Well ; * Organizing your ideas in parallel with review process ; * Reader-friendly formatting tips ; * Science of communicating (rhetoric) ; * Videos in NIH applications ; Chapter 10: Getting by with a Little Help from Your Friends ; * Interacting with POs (tips and etiquette) ; * Importance of having others read your narrative ; Chapter 11: Before and After the Review ; * Interacting with the SRO before the review ; * What to expect the week your application is reviewed ; * When and how to interact with your PO after the review ; * Council actions after the review ; * Why appeals are rarely a good idea (and what to do when one is warranted) ; * Administrative review of the application and award processing ; Chapter 12: Is the Check in the Mail? ; * Understanding what your score and, if included, percentile mean ; * Timing of payline setting and funding decisions ; * Interacting with your PO ; Chapter 13: The Check is Not in the Mail ; * Next-steps if your application was not discussed or did not make the paylist ; * Strategies for resubmission ; * Timing of resubmission ; * Whether to change study sections ; * Repurposing your application ; * Long-term grant application strategy ; Chapter 14: The Check is in the Mail, BUT ; * Reduction in budget and/or number of years ; * If you relocate to another institution ; * Carrying funds over from one FY to the next and no-cost extensions ; * Compliance with NIH Public Access Policy required for non-competing renewal and citing NIH support in manuscripts ; Appendix A ; Index

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Book SynopsisA discussion of the diagnosis of breast cancer and the risks, benefits and limitations of treatment alternatives, particularly tamoxifen. This edition contains information on developments in the use of tamoxifen, especially in the results of the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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