Geographical information systems Books

Book SynopsisThis textbook introduces methods of geoscientific data acquisition using MATLAB in combination with inexpensive data acquisition hardware such as sensors in smartphones, sensors that come with the LEGO MINDSTORMS set, webcams with stereo microphones, and affordable spectral and thermal cameras. The text includes 35 exercises in data acquisition, such as using a smartphone to acquire stereo images of rock specimens from which to calculate point clouds, using visible and near-infrared spectral cameras to classify the minerals in rocks, using thermal cameras to differentiate between different types of surface such as between soil and vegetation, localizing a sound source using travel time differences between pairs of microphones to localize a sound source, quantifying the total harmonic distortion and signal-to-noise ratio of acoustic and elastic signals, acquiring and streaming meteorological data using application programming interfaces, wireless networks, and internet of things platforms, determining the spatial resolution of ultrasonic and optical sensors, and detecting magnetic anomalies using a smartphone magnetometer mounted on a LEGO MINDSTORMS scanner. The book’s electronic supplementary material (available online through Springer Link) contains recipes that include all the MATLAB commands featured in the book, the example data, the LEGO construction plans, photos and videos of the measurement procedures.Table of ContentsData Acquisition in Earth Sciences.- Introduction to MATLAB.- MATLAB Programming.- Geometric Properties.- Visible Light Images.- Spectral Imaging.- Acquisition of Elastic Signals.- Gravimetric, Magnetic and Weather Data.

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Book SynopsisPlaced at the intersection among philosophy, geography, and computer science, the domain of investigation of applied ontology of geography ranges from making explicit assumptions and commitments of geography as a discipline, to the theoretical and technical needs of geographical/IT tools, such as GIS and geo-ontologies. Such a domain of investigation represents the central topic of discussion of this book, which intends: 1) to provide an overview of the mutual interactions among the disciplines encompassed in the domain; 2) to discuss notions such as spatial representation, boundaries, and geographical entities that constitute the main focus of the (philosophical) ontology of geography; 3) to propose a geographical classification of geo-ontologies in response to their increasing diffusion within the contemporary debate, as well as to show what ontological categories best systematize their contents. The second edition of the book differs from the first one as it offers a broader analysis of the (philosophical) ontology of geography: an analysis that is no more limited to the theoretical need of geo-ontologies.Table of ContentsIntroductionPart I. Among Computer Science, Philosophy, and Geography: An Ontological Investigation1. From the philosophies of geographies to the applied ontology of geography2. The ontological backgroundPart II. Systematizing the Geographical World3. Spatial representation4. Boundaries5. Geographical entitiesPart III. The Philosophy of Geo-ontologies6. Geo-ontologies: from the spatial turn to geographical taxonomy7. Ontological categories for geo-ontologiesConclusionIndex

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Book SynopsisThis volume discusses the concept of The Spatial University as part of the broad growth of spatial science and the need for spatial infrastructure in colleges and universities. The book centers on the development of U-Spatial, the spatial science infrastructure at the University of Minnesota that offers a range of spatial activities and services, including data access, training, and community building. Against a backdrop of the changing nature of research, teaching, and service in higher education, the story of U-Spatial anchors a broader discussion of what it means to be a spatial university. This narrative framing demonstrates—with specific examples—the importance of institutions offering dedicated spatial research infrastructure. In six chapters, the text explores the importance of spatial thinking, learning, and research for student and researcher success. The volume offers lessons that are applicable far beyond the University of Minnesota to apply to a broad array of domains and institutional specializations. The book will be useful to students, researchers, and policymakers concerned with how institutions can encourage spatial research, teaching, and service. It will also appeal to researchers and practitioners interested in broader uses of spatial science.This book shows how GIS can transform a university, speaking to the need for leadership in higher education around the power of bringing everything together using spatial and geographic concepts. Jack Dangermond Co-Founder and President, EsriTable of ContentsChapter 1. Three Scales of the Spatial University.- Chapter 2. U-Spatial: Nexus of the Spatial University.- Chapter 3. Spatial university for service and support.- Chapter 4. Spatial thinking and learning.- Chapter 5. Spatial science and research.- Chapter 6. Future of the Spatial University.

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the environmental challenges that Libya and similar countries in the regions are currently facing. Each chapter of this book provides a methodology using remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS) dealing with one of these environmental challenges such as monitoring and mapping soil salinity and prediction of soil properties, monitoring and mapping of land degradation, spatiotemporal land use/cover, agricultural drought monitoring, hydrological applications such as spatial rainfall distribution, surface runoff, geo-morphometric analysis, flood hazard assessment and mapping, hydrologic and hydraulic modeling, pollution hazard assessment, and climate-related geophysical processes. This book also assesses the impacts of climate change on natural resources using both RS and GIS, as well as other applications, covering different parts of Libya. This book is beneficial for graduate students, researchers, policy planners, and stakeholders in Libya as well as other countries that share similar environmental issues. Also, the methodologies followed in the book's chapters can be applied to any other regions around the world with similar landscapes and climatic conditions.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction to “Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in Libya” (Hamdi A. Zurqani)Chapter 2. Application of remote sensing and GIS in land cover/land use mapping and change detection using Google Earth Engine platform: a case study in northwestern Libya (Hamdi A. Zurqani, Abdulsalam Al-Bukhari, Mahmood B. Shanta)Chapter 3. Evaluation of selected vegetation indices to assess rangeland vegetation in eastern Libya (Abdulsalam Al-bukhari, Tim Brewer, and Stephen Hallett)Chapter 4. Spatiotemporal analysis of Vegetation Health Index (VHI) and drought patterns in Libya based on remote sensing time series (Khali I. Elfadli, and Hamdi A. Zurqani)Chapter 5. Integration of remotely sensed data and machine learning technique for spatial prediction of selected soil properties in northwestern Libya (Hamdi A. Zurqani)Chapter 6. Field and laboratory estimation of soil erodibility, erosion and degradation of the semi-arid Aljabal Alkhdar region, Libya (Murad M. Aburas, Asama S. Alferjani, and Mohammed, S. Yousuf)Chapter 7. DRAINMOD applications to design drainage systems in Libya using soil salinity data predicted by GIS, remote sensing and Artificial Neural Networks (Murad Ellafi, Hamdi A. Zurqani, Lynda K. Deeks, and Robert W. Simmons)Chapter 8. Surface water potential and suitable sites identification for RWH in the semi-arid and arid watershed of Wadi Sammalus, northeast Libya using GIS and Remote Sensing approach (Salah Hamad, and Nilanchal Patel)Chapter 9. Stepwise approach for morphometric modeling of Wadi Zamzam watershed in north-western Libya using GIS and remote sensing techniques (Ali Mustafa Salim, Ibtisam Abdulsalam Albira, and Safa Ahmed Ebsheer)Chapter 10. Geospatial mapping and analysis of the 2019 Flood Disaster extent and impact in the city of Ghat in southwestern Libya using Google Earth Engine and deep learning technique (Hamdi A. Zurqani, Abdulsalam Al-Bukhari, Alsaket Aldaikh, Khali I. Elfadli, and Ali Bataw)Chapter 11. Oil pollution monitoring and detection using GIS and remote sensing techniques: case study from Libya (Khalifa Abdunaser)Chapter 12. Conclusions, and Recommendations for Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in Libya (Hamdi A. Zurqani)

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the application of geospatial technologies for resource planning and management for the key natural resources, e.g. water, agriculture and forest as well as the decision support system (DSS) for infrastructure development. We have seen in the past four decades that the growing complexities of sustainable management of natural resources management have been very challenging. The book has been written to leverage the current geospatial technologies that integrate the remotely sensed data available from various platforms, the precise locational data providing geospatial intelligence, and the advanced integration tools of Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Geospatial technologies have been used for water resources management employing geomorphological characteristics, analysis of river migration pattern, understanding the large-scale hydrological process, wet land classification and monitoring, analysis of glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF), assessment of environmental flow and soil erosion studies, water quality modelling and assessment and rejuvenation of paleochannels through groundwater recharge. Geospatial technologies have been applied for crop classification and mapping, soil moisture determination using RISAT-1 C-band and PALSAR-2 L-band sensors, inventory of horticulture plantations, management of citrus orchards, crop yield forecasting, rice yield estimation, estimation of evapotranspiration and its evaluation against lysimeter and satellite-based evapotranspiration product for India to address the various issues of the agricultural system management. Geospatial technologies have been used for generation of digital elevation model, urban dynamics assessment, mobile GIS application at grass root level planning, cadastral level developmental planning and e-governance applications, system dynamics for sustainable development, micro-level water resources planning, site suitability for sewage treatment plant, traffic density assessment, geographical indications of India, archaeological applications and disasters interventions to elaborate various issues of DSS for infrastructure development and management. Geospatial technologies have been employed for the generation and reconciliation of the notified forest land boundaries, and also the land cover changes analysis within notified forest areas, forest resource assessment, management and monitoring and wildlife conservation and management. This book aims to present high-quality technical case studies representing the recent developments in the “application of geospatial technologies for resource planning and management”. The editors hope that this book will serve as a valuable resource for scientists and researchers to plan and manage land and water resources sustainably.Table of ContentsGeospatial Technology for Geomorphology Mapping and its Applications.- Geospatial technology for estimation of geomorphological characteristics of an ungauged watershed.- Long Term Analysis of River Migration Pattern using Geospatial Techniques – A case study of upper part of the Ganga River, India.- Space borne Scatterometers for understanding the large-scale land hydrological processes.- Wetland Classification and Monitoring Using Time Series Earth Observation Data and Machine Learning Algorithm: A Case Study in Upper Ganga River Stretch.

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Book SynopsisThis book collects ground-breaking works on the actual and potential impact of big data and data-integrated design for resilient urban environments, including human- and ecology-centred perspectives. Comprehending and designing for urban social, demographic and environmental change is a complex task. Big data, data structuring, data analysis (i.e. AI and ML) and data-integrated design can play a significant role in advancing approaches to this task. The themes presented in this book include urban adaptation, urban morphology, urban mobility, urban ecosystems, urban climate, urban ecology and agriculture. Given the compound nature of complex sustainability problems, most chapters address the correlation between several of these themes. The book addresses practitioners, researchers and graduate students concerned with the rapidly increasing role of data in developing urban environments.Table of ContentsThe introduction to informed urban environments.- The bigger picture en route to informed urban environments.- How we see now: Traversing a data-mosaic.- The role of information modelling and computational ontologies to support the design, planning and management of urban environments: Current status and future challenges.- Urban adaptation – Insights from information physics and complex system dynamics.- Decoding cool urban forms: Using open data to build a dialogue between microclimate and configurational morphology in urban environments.- From Amsterdam to New Amsterdam to Amsterdam: How urban mobility shapes cities.- urban microclimate spatiotemporal mapping: A method to evaluate thermal comfort availability in urban ecosystems.- Urban ecosystems and nature-based solutions: The role of data in optimizing the provision of ecosystem services.- Smart urban forestry: Is it the future?- Big data and decision support in rural and urban agriculture.

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Book SynopsisThis book reports on several advances in architectural graphics, with a special emphasis on education, training and research. It gathers a selection of contributions to the 19th International Conference on Graphic Design in Architecture, EGA 2022, held on June 2–4, 2022, in Cartagena, Spain, with the motto: "Beyond drawings. The use of architectural graphics".Table of ContentsMadrid and the Board of Houses of the Navy: Four Projects for Spain in the 1940s.- Framing, filling, linking: The drawing of elements for city description.- From historical and theoretical analysis of Representation and Geometry to Topology for Structural Optimization.- From image to investigation 3D reconstruction with perspective restitution.- From the "sacred theatres" of Andrea Pozzo to the international truncated calotte: history and representation of the Immacolatella church’s tribune in Trapani (1732).- Geometric and formal characterization of the church of Santa María de Tobed.

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Book SynopsisThis collection amplifies the experiences of some of the world’s young people who are working to address SDGs using geospatial technologies and multi-national collaboration. Authors from every region of the world who have emerged as leaders in the YouthMappers movement share their perspectives and knowledge in an accessible and peer-friendly format. YouthMappers are university students who create and use open mapping for development and humanitarian purposes. Their work leverages digital innovations - both geospatial platforms and communications technologies - to answer the call for leadership to address sustainability challenges. The book conveys a sense of robust knowledge emerging from formal studies or informal academic experiences - in the first-person voices of students and recent graduates who are at the forefront of creating a new map of the world. YouthMappers use OpenStreetMap as the foundational sharing mechanism for creating data together. Authors impart the way they are learning about themselves, about each other, about the world. They are developing technology skills, and simultaneously teaching the rest of the world about the potential contributions of a highly connected generation of emerging world leaders for the SDGs. The book is timely, in that it captures a pivotal moment in the trajectory of the YouthMappers movement’s ability to share emerging expertise, and one that coincides with a pivotal moment in the geopolitical history of planet earth whose inhabitants need to hear from them. Most volumes that cover the topic of sustainability in terms of youth development are written by non-youth authors. Moreover, most are written by non-majoritarian, entrenched academic scholars. This book instead puts forward the diverse voices of students and recent graduates in countries where YouthMappers works, all over the world. Authors cover topics that range from water, agriculture, food, to waste, education, gender, climate action and disasters from their own eyes in working with data, mapping, and humanitarian action, often working across national boundaries and across continents. To inspire readers with their insights, the chapters are mapped to the United Nations 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in ways that connect a youth agenda to a global agenda. With a preface written by Carrie Stokes, Chief Geographer and GeoCenter Director, United States Agency for International Development (USAID). This is an open access book. Table of ContentsChapter1. Introduction.- PartI. Mapping for the Goals on Poverty, Hunger, Health, Education, Gender, Water, and Energy.- Chapter2. Open Data Addressing Challenges Associated with Informal Settlements in the Global South.- Chapter3. Leveraging Spatial Technology for Agricultural Intensification to Address Hunger in Ghana.- Chapter4. Rural Household Food Insecurity and Child Malnutrition in Northern Ghana.- Chapter5. Where is the Closest Health Clinic? YouthMappers map their communities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.- Chapter6. Cross-continental YouthMappers Action to Fight Schistosomiasis Transmission in Senegal.- Chapter7. Understanding YouthMappers Contributions to Building Resilient Communities in Asia.- Chapter8. Activating Education for Sustainable Development Goals through YouthMappers.- Chapter9. Seeing the World Through Maps: An Inclusive and Youth Oriented Approach.- Chapter10. Youth Engagement and the Water-Energy-Land Nexus in Costa Rica.- Chapter11. Power Grid Mapping in West Africa.- Chapter12. Mapping Access to Electricity in Urban and Rural Nigeria.- PartII. Youth Action on Work, Leadership, Innovation, Inequality, Cities, Production and Land.- Chapter13. Stories from Students Building Sustainability Through Transfer of Leadership.- Chapter14. Drones For Good: Mapping Out the SDGs Using Innovative Technology in Malawi.- Chapter15. Assessing YouthMappers Contributions to the Generation of Open Geospatial Data in Africa.- Chapter16. Mapping Invisible and Inaccessible Areas of Brazilian Cities to Reduce Inequalities.- Chapter17. Visualizing YouthMappers Contributions to Environmental Resilience in Latin America.- PartIII. Marking a Path to Goals on Sustainable Communities, Consumption, Climate, Oceans, Land, and Justice.- Chapter18. Youth Engagement and Participation in Mitigating Perennial Flooding in Kampala, Uganda using Open Geospatial Data.- Chapter19. Sustainable Mobility through Knowledge Exchange and Collaborative Mapping of Cycling Infrastructure: SIGenBici in Medellín, Colombia.- Chapter20. Wastesites.io: Mapping Solid Waste to Meet Sustainable Development Goals.- Chapter21. Mapping for Resilience: Extreme Heat Deaths and Mobile Homes in Arizona.- Chapter22. Mapping for Women’s Evacuation Plans during Climate-induced Disasters.- Chapter23. Sustainable Development in Oceania and the Role of Mapping for Women.- Chapter24. Sustainable Coastal Communities in the Anthropocene: Lessons from Crowd-Mapping Projects in Colombia.- Chapter25. Collaborative Cartography Making Riparian Communities Visible in Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil.- Chapter26. Open Mapping with Official Cartographies in the Americas.- Chapter27. Cities of the Future Need to be Both Smart and Just: How We Think Open Mapping Can Help.- PartIV. Supporting YouthMappers to Advance the SDGs through Institutions and Partnerships.- Chapter28. Mentoring Experiences in YouthMappers Chapters.- Chapter29. The Ecosystem Where YouthMappers Live and Thrive.- Chapter30. A Free and Open Map of the Entire World: Opportunities for YouthMappers within the Unusual Partnership Model of OpenStreetMap.- Chapter31. Youth and Humanitarian Action: Open Mapping Partnerships for Disaster Response and the SDGs.- PartV. The Paths Ahead.- Chapter32. Generation 2030: The Strategic Imperative of Youth Civic and Political Engagement.- Chapter33. Reflecting on the YouthMappers Movement.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses the problems in planning, building, and management strategies in the wake of application and expansion of remote sensing and GIS products in natural resources and infrastructure management. The book suggests proactive solutions to problems of natural resources and infrastructure management, providing alternatives for strategic planning, effective delivery, and growth perspectives. The uniqueness of the book is its broader spectrum of coverage with related interconnections and interdependences across science, engineering, and innovation. The book contains information that can be downscaled to the local level. Presenting a wide spectrum of viewpoints and approaches, the book is a collective of topics such as application to agriculture and forestry (land and landscape, agriculture, forestry management and deforestation), water resources and ecology (hydro-meteorological, climate diagnostics, and prognostics, water resources management, environment management, cross-scale ecology and resilience), urban management (urban planning, design, construction and operations of infrastructure, natural disasters, novel approaches to upgrade old infrastructure), hydro informatics, predictive and geospatial data analytics, synthesis, and management through the various processes, tools, and technologies.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Applications to Agriculture and Forestry.- Water Resources and Ecology.- Urban Management.- Case Studies.- Conclusions and Recommendations.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook presents a clear and accessible argument for sustainable planning and development. The book discusses multiple environmental issues and examines how potential solutions can and should be addressed in the context of space and place. The book also offers an invaluable discussion on the need for a framework for system-based thinking where various disciplines should work together to find innovative solutions. Students are provided with an appreciation of the need for an interdisciplinary approach to these issues combined with an underlying sense of space, an appreciation of cultural diversity and differences, as well as associated insights into human relationships. These core attributes put space at the heart of environmental and natural resources management, in terms of policy, planning and on-the-ground initiatives.This book will be an invaluable reference for advanced undergraduate, graduate students and researchers working in the field looking for an accessible overview of this interdisciplinary approach to the topic.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis open access book provides insights into the novel Locally Refined B-spline (LR B-spline) surface format, which is suited for representing terrain and seabed data in a compact way. It provides an alternative to the well know raster and triangulated surface representations. An LR B-spline surface has an overall smooth behavior and allows the modeling of local details with only a limited growth in data volume. In regions where many data points belong to the same smooth area, LR B-splines allow a very lean representation of the shape by locally adapting the resolution of the spline space to the size and local shape variations of the region. The iterative method can be modified to improve the accuracy in particular domains of a point cloud. The use of statistical information criterion can help determining the optimal threshold, the number of iterations to perform as well as some parameters of the underlying mathematical functions (degree of the splines, parameter representation). The resulting surfaces are well suited for analysis and computing secondary information such as contour curves and minimum and maximum points. Also deformation analysis are potential applications of fitting point clouds with LR B-splines.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Locally Refined Splines.- Adaptive surface Fitting with Local Refinement: LR B-spline Surfaces.- A Statistical Criterion to Judge the Goodness of Fit of LR B-splines Surface Approximation.- LR B-splines for Representation of Terrain and Seabed: Data Fusion, Outliers, and Voids.- LR B-spline Surfaces and Volumes for Deformation Analysis of Terrain Data.- Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisAndean dry forest ecosystems are threatened by deforestation and unsustainable land use methods. The negative effects for the livelihood of the local population, biodiversity, and the regional climate could be countered by reforestation measures; however, dry land forests have not attracted the same level of interest and investment like other ecosystems. This book describes the development of a priority-zone map for reforestation measures, showing where reforestation might have the greatest social and ecological benefits. To achieve this, a problem analysis of a case study region is conducted and thematic reforestation benefits are determined. Using remote sensing and GIS, the areas where benefits can be obtained are mapped in individual layers and compiled into a summarizing priority-zone map. It is thus possible to identify areas where reforestation would achieve multiple benefits. The concept of priority maps could be used to facilitate reforestation strategies by local communities and municipal governments and could thus contribute to initiate an integrated forest and landscape restoration of the Bolivian montane dry forests.

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Book SynopsisThis volume LNCS 13912 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems, W2GIS 2023, in June 12-13, 2023 in Quebec City, QC, Canada. The 9 full papers presented together with 2 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions. The conference focuses on topics such as Sensors Networks and Data Steaming; Mobility and Navigation; AI for Mobility Data Analytics; Volunteered Geographic information (VGI); Network Analysis and Geovisualization.Table of ContentsKeynote.- An approach for geosensor network optimization to support decisions at multiple Scale.- Sensors Networks and Data Steaming.- Towards Integration of Spatial Context in Building Energy Demand Assessment Supported by CityGML Energy Extension.- Three-stage Framework to Estimate Pedestrian Path by Using Signaling Data and Surveillance Video.- Mobility and Navigation.- Investigating the Navigational Behavior of Wheelchair Users in Urban Environments Using Eye Movement Data.- New Approach for Accessibility Assessment of Side-Walks for Wheelchair Users Considering the Sidewalk Traffic.- AI for Mobility Data Analytics.- Mobility Data Analytics with KNOT: the KNime mObility Toolkit.- Bus Journey Time Prediction with Machine Learning: An Empirical Experience in Two Cities.- A Novel GIS-Based Machine Learning Approach for the Classification of Multi-Motorized Transportation Modes.- Volunteered Geographic information (VGI).- Cimemountainbot: A Telegram Bot to Collect Mountain Images and to Communicate Information With Mountain Guides.- A New Feature Matching Method for Matching OpenStreetMap Buildings with Those of Reference Dataset.- Network Analysis and Geovisualization.- Geovisualisation generation from semantic models: a state of the art.- A Heterogeneous Information Attentive Network for the Identification of Tourist Attraction Competitors.- Poly-GAN: Regularizing Polygons with Generative Adversarial Networks.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook serves as a practical guide for undergraduate and graduate students in geology, hydrology, ecology, and environmental sciences, teaching them applied GIS techniques. Presented as a step-by-step tutorial across seventeen chapters, the book starts with the fundamentals of GIS and progresses to real-life examples from geology and water resources. The focus is on ESRI's ArcGIS Pro, covering various tools for spatial, geostatistical, network, and 3-D analysis. Additionally, it explores ArcGIS Online and working with web apps like Web Map, StoryMaps, and GEO App.GIS applications, especially in water and environmental problem-solving, are rapidly growing worldwide. The demand for GIS experts utilizing spatial analysis in environmental science remains high. This textbook equips users with the necessary knowledge to become effective mappers and spatial analysts in the fields of environment, geosciences, and water resources, employing the latest state-of-the-art methodology.Each chapter provides exercises and supplementary materials available for download on SpringerLink, along with additional links for further learning opportunities.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction to ArcGISPro.- Chapter 2: Data Classification and Layout in ArcGISPro.- Chapter 3: Data Acquisition.- Chapter 4: Coordinate Systems and Projections.- Chapter 5: Working with Geodatabase.- Chapter 6: Data Editing and Topology.- Chapter 7: Geoprocessing.- Chapter 8: Site Suitability and Data Modelling.- Chapter 9: Geocoding.- Chapter 10: Working with Raster.- Chapter 11: Spatial Interpolation.- Chapter 12: Watershed Delineation.- Chapter 13: Special Statistics.- Chapter 14: Network Analyst.- Chapter 15: 3-D Analyst.- Chapter 16: ArcGIS Online and Web Maps.

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Book SynopsisThis book aims to provide a comprehensive study on various aspects of environmental pollution dynamics using geospatial technology and modeling techniques. The utility of geospatial technology will be demonstrated for the effective study of environmental pollution, as space and location are very important for effective environmental health surveillance. The timeliness of the work is due to the increasing relevance of geospatial technology applications in environmental health investigations. Moreover, different types of pollution are covered in detail, including air and soil, all of which are analyzed using latest Remote Sensing and GIS technology. The basics of environmental pollution and its impacts are covered in the book's first part, while the second part focuses on the use of geospatial technology in investigating and modeling various instances of environmental pollution. The third part discusses policy measures for mitigating environmental pollution hazards, using geospatial analyses and data to craft informed policy decisions. The primary audience for the book is researchers working in the field of environmental pollution with incorporation of geospatial technology, including upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in remote sensing and its environmental applications. The secondary audience is academicians, planners, environmentalists and policymakers working in the field of environment protection and management.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Types of Environmental Pollution and Its Effects On The Environment and Society.- Chapter 2: Geostatistical Methods and Framework For Pollution Modelling.- Chapter 3: GIS-based Modelling for Estimation of Water Quality Parameters: A Review.- Chapter 4: Air Quality Monitoring Using Geospatial Technology and Field Sensors.- Chapter 5: Geospatial Techniques and Methods for Monitoring and Assessment of Soil Contaminants.- Chapter 6: Geospatial Modelling and Framework For the Detection and Mapping of Noise Pollution.- Chapter 7: Urban Areas and Air Pollution: Causes, Concerns and Mitigation.- Chapter 8: Constructing The Dynamics of Water Quality Parameters Using Geospatial Technology and In Situ Observations.- Chapter 9: Urban Air Quality Monitoring and Modelling Using Ground Monitoring, Remote Sensing and GIS.- Chapter 10: Assessment of Soil Contamination Using Remote Sensing and Spatial Techniques.- Chapter 11: Noise Pollution Modelling Using Gis Techniques in Srinagar City.- Chapter 12: Geostatistics Interceded Groundwater Quality Study With Emphasis on Kriging Across the Andhra Pradesh State Of India.- Chapter 13: Air Quality and Human Health.- Chapter 14: Significance of Geo-Visualization Tools For Pollution Monitoring.- Chapter 15: Environmental Pollution Control Measures And Strategies: An Overview Of Recent Developments.- Chapter 16: Environmental Legislation and Global Initiatives.

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Book SynopsisThis book aims to provide an advanced R software approach that can carry out rainfall trend analysis using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator tests. The research study follows a systematic approach while utilizing R software as it can greatly facilitate the analysis of rainfall trends. About 30 stations located in the study area and 41 to 50 years’ time series were selected for the purpose of analysis. The data for the research was collected from the State Water Data Centre (SWDC) in Gujarat, Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) in Pune, DAAC (NASA), and ESRI. Cluster analysis has been performed to analyze the variability of the mean rainfall. The stations have been divided into 2 clusters with 17 and 13 stations in each cluster which significantly differ from each other. This book is aimed at researchers, scientists and government organizations working in the field of climate change. Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Literature survey.- Chapter 3. Study area and data collection.- Chapter 4. Methodology.- Chapter 5. Computations.- Chapter 6. Results and discussion.- Chapter 7. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems, W2GIS 2024, held in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland, during June 1819, 2024. The 8 full papers and 7 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 20 submissions.

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Book Synopsis1 Geospatial Technologies' Basic Concepts and Recent Applications in Natural Resources Management and Decision Support.- 2 Dam-Failure Induced Flood Simulation Modelling and Mapping using Space Technology.- 3 Assessing Drainage Characteristics Through Morphometric Evaluation in the Upper Wabe Shebelle Basin, Ethiopia.- 4 Changing Surface Water Scenario in Jhansi District of Bundelkhand Region.- 5 Hydro-Vegetation Dynamics in Godavari River Sub-Basins.- 6 Groundwater Potential Zoning in The Purulia District, West Bengal.- 7 Modelling and Predicting Forest Dynamics and Their Impacts on Ecosystem Services.- 8 Machine Learning-Based Algorithms for Mapping Mangrove Cover Changes in Mumbai Region Using Google Earth Engine.- 9 Geospatial Technologies' Concepts and Methods for Land-Use Land-Cover Dynamics Mapping.- 10 Mapping Soil Erosion Vulnerability in the Upper Blue Nile River Basin, Ethiopia.- 11 Advancements in Land Use Land Cover Classification.- 12 Assessment of Soil Erosion in Joshimath, Uttarakhand Using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Machine Learning Approach.- 13 Comparison of Land Use Land Cover Classification Using Sentinel-2 Images with Different Deep Learning Approaches.- 14 Geospatial Techniques for Mapping and Monitoring Land Use Land Cover Change.- 15 Assessment of Salt-Affected Soil Using Remote Sensing-Based Salinity Indices.- 16 Estimating Soil Erosion in Surguja District, Chhattisgarh (India) Using the RUSLE Model and Geo-spatial Techniques.- 17 Benefits of Green and Blue Spaces (GBS) for Heat Mitigation and Emission Reduction in Urban Areas.- 18 Geospatial Techniques to Assess Green Equity in the City of Bhopal, India.- 19 Discriminating Maize and Soyabean in Mixed Cropping Systems Using Unmanned Aerial Systems Datasets and Random Forest.- 20 Chronology of Mangrove Destruction by Pond Expansion in the Mahakam Delta, Indonesia, Using Automatic Mangrove Map and Index (AMMI) and Automatic Shoreline Map (ASM) Index Through the Google Earth Engine Platform.- 21 Applications of Geospatial Technology in Wildfire Studies.- 22 Challenges and Future Opportunities of Geospatial Modelling for Natural Resource Assessment.

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Book SynopsisSection: I: Urban Space, Society and Urban Innovation.- Chapter I: Basic Services, Infrastructure for Urban Innovation and Sustainability.- Chapter II: Urban Community, Resilience and Quality of life.- Chapter III: Urban Informatics: Innovation and Challenges.- Section: II:Services, Decentralized Planning and Disparity.- Chapter IV: Cities Safety, Security and Smart Public Services.- Chapter V: Cities Well-Being, Health, Utility Services.- Chapter VI:  Urban Ecosystem Services and Sustainable Citi Planning.- Chapter VII:  Urban Migration and Regional Disparity.- Section: III:Environmental Management, GeorbIS and Smart Governance.- Chapter VIII: Environmental Quality and Variability in Cities.- Chapter IX:  Disaster risk reduction and sustainable cities.- Chapter X: Digital Technology and Participatory mapping in Megacities.- Chapter XI: Urban Heat Mapping.- Chapter XII: Smart Resource Monitoring and Assessment.- Section: IV:Smart City & Geospatial Technology.- Chapter XIII:  Smart City: Current Scenario and Practices.- Chapter XIV: Geospatial Technology for Smart City The Framework.- Chapter XV: Future Strategy for Sustainable Urban Landscape.- Section: V:Future Smart Cities and Sustainable Development.- Chapter XVI: Issues and Challenges in Smart Cities- An advanced Analysis.- Chapter XVII: Sustainable Urban Innovation & Geospatial Revolution, Internet of Things of smart cities.- Chapter- XVIII: Digital Sand Model and Sustainable smart City.

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Book SynopsisFrom the German

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the value of the musical concept of “agogics” – the modification of regular rhythm to enhance expressive potential – in understanding urban spatial configurations within the current technological context and in developing urban maps that exploit sonic signals to create an open learning framework. The book starts by discussing the meaning and significance of agogics in the musical and artistic realm, with reference to the work of Adolphe Appia, Emile-Jaques Dalcroze, and Iannis Xenakis, among others. Its relevance to cartography and mapping is then examined, taking into account the contributions of Ian McHarg, Bill Hillier, Mark Shepard, and Robin Minard. The nature and value of agogic maps, for example in fostering awareness of place and effective organization of spatial development, are described in detail, with reference to case studies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Segrate, Italy. It is explained how agogic maps take advantage of innovative categories and scripting equipment to provide a new mapping instrument for spatial and urban configurations, highlighting the interdependence between aural signals and spatial variables. This book will be of interest to architects, urbanists, and musicians with a specific interest in space and sound design.Table of ContentsAgogic in music: The practice of rhythm, from music to space and backward.- Agogic in space: A scenario for the Gesamtkustwerk.- Agogic and the space “undulated”.- Urban spectrographies and the problem of orientation in sensitive territories.- Space-script construction: Three phases in a topographic transformation of sound and visual material.- Euphony: Dissonances for a modern urban environment. Accessibility as the temperament of signals and impulses.- The role of sound maps: A “modern” paradigm in space design.- Urban sampling, two case studies: Reconstructing the inhabitation model through an aural imaginary.- The agogic script. Interdependency between aural signals and spatial variables.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook aims to develop a scientific knowledge base on spatial information technology to communicate the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) among students, researchers, professionals and laymen. The book improves understanding of the spatial database and explains how to extract information from this for planning purposes. To enhance the knowledge of geoscientists and environmentalists, the book describes the basic fundamental concepts to advance techniques for spatial data management and analysis and discusses the methodology. The Geographic Information System (GIS), remote sensing and Global Positioning System (GPS) are presented in an integrated manner for the planning of resources and infrastructure. The management of these systems is discussed in a very lucid way to develop the reader's skills. The proper procedure for map making and spatial analysis are included along with case studies to the reader. Where the first part of the book discusses the conceptual background, the second part deals with case studies using these applications in different disciplines. The presented case studies include land use, agriculture, flood, watershed characterization and infrastructure assessment for the Sustainable Development Goals. Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Chapter 1. Spatial information technology: types, definitions and linkages.- Chapter 2. GIS database: spatial and non-spatial databases.- Chapter 3. Remote Sensing technology.- Chapter 4. Global Positioning System technology.- Chapter 5. Geo-Referencing system.- Chapter 6. Spatial mapping and sustainable resource management.- Chapter 7. Spatial database analysis.- Chapter 8. Map visualization process.- Chapter 9. Aerial Photography.- Chapter 10. Application and Case studies for the Sustainable Development Goals (five case studies including land use, agriculture, flood, watershed characterization and infrastructure assessment).

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Book SynopsisComputer science provides a powerful tool that was virtually unknown three generations ago. Some of the classical fields of knowledge are geodesy (surveying), cartography, and geography. Electronics have revolutionized geodetic methods. Cartography has faced the dominance of the computer that results in simplified cartographic products. All three fields make use of basic components such as the Internet and databases. The Springer Handbook of Geographic Information is organized in three parts, Basics, Geographic Information and Applications. Some parts of the basics belong to the larger field of computer science. However, the reader gets a comprehensive view on geographic information because the topics selected from computer science have a close relation to geographic information. The Springer Handbook of Geographic Information is written for scientists at universities and industry as well as advanced and PhD students.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“This book provides an encyclopedic survey of geoinformation through 31 chapters contributed by specialists from around the globe. … This book is both timely and up-to-date. The editors have done a very good job spanning the relevant topics for such a handbook, and each chapter is very detailed technically … . This volume is intended as a reference manual for specialists in this area or for researchers needing specialist knowledge. Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students, researchers/faculty, and professionals/practitioners.” (R. A. Kolvoord, Choice, Vol. 50 (5), January, 2013)“It attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of the art and current practices in the generation, analysis, and distribution of geographic information. … This book would be a good starting place for novices in the field. The exposition of the material is more suited for professionals with a technological focus, such as technologists, engineers, analysts, and cartographers, but managers looking for reasonably comprehensive tutorials about the specific topics covered in this book should find the relevant sections useful.” (R. M. Malyankar, ACM Computing Reviews, January, 2013)Table of ContentsPart A Basics - Computer ScienceModelers and theorists consider geographic information (GI) as being a subtopic of computer science. Many aspects of geographic information are almost pure information technology while others are more geographic information. Part A is dedicated to the topics which have a close relation to information technology, including modeling, mathematics and statistics, databases, encoding, as well as data mining and knowledge discovery.Chap. 1 Modeling of Geographic Information (C. RoswellChap. 2 Mathematics and Geostatistics (F. Gielsdorf, L. Gründig, T. Hillmann)Chap. 3 Databases (T. Brinkhoff, W. Kresse)Chap. 4 Encoding of Geographic Information (C. Portele)Chap. 5 Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (S.-L. Wang, W.-Z. Shi)Part B Geographic InformationPart B addresses all geographic information topics that primarily are more specific to space and time. Staring with on the description of geographic information systems (GIS), the following chapters cover geodetic foundations, the capture of spatial and temporal data and their visualization (cartography) as well as web mapping technologies. Chap. 6 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) (N. Bartelme) Chap. 7 Change Detection (J. Théau)Chap. 8 Geodesy (M. Becker)Chap. 9 Data Capture and Geosensor Networks (J. Skaloud, M. Cramer, N. Haala, J.-O. Wallgrün, S. Nittel, W. Kresse) Chap. 10 Geometry, Topology and Graph Theory (G. Gröger, B. George)Chap. 11 Portrayal and Cartography (P. Hardy, K. Field)Chap. 12 Geospatial Metadata (D. Danko)Chap. 13 Standards for Geographic Information (W. Kresse, D. Danko, K. Fadaie)Chap. 14 Web Mapping and Web Cartography (A. Neumann)Chap. 15 Geospatial Semantic Web (J. Brodeur)Chap. 16 Registration of Geospatial Information Elements (C.D. O'Brien, R. Lott)Chap. 17 Security for Geospatial Information Systems (A. Matheus)Part C ApplicationsPart C presents a selection of typical and important applications of geographic information. Some of the chapters address applications which may be considered as a specialization of geographic information, such as cadastre. In most of the other cases, geographic information systems (GIS) are only a tool for managing spatiotemporal data, as in planning, defense, and geology. The chapters open up a vast number of new applications, such as the chapter on location-based services. Another approach is open-source GIS, which is a license-oriented perspective on GIS and has become a lifestyle or philosophy among information technology (IT) people.Chap. 18 Ubiquitous Geographic Information (T.J. Kim, S.-G. Jang)Chap. 19 Legal, Law, Cadastre (M. Seifert)Chap. 20 Spatial Planning (F. Wilke)Chap. 21 Location Based Services (A. Zipf, M. Jöst) Chap. 22 Movement Analysis (J. Gudmundsson, P. Laube, T. Wolle)Chap. 23 Marine GIS (M. Jonas, L. Vetter, W. Schröder, R. Pesch)Chap. 24 GIS in Agriculture (R. Bill, E. Nash, G. Grenzdörffer)Chap. 25 GIS in Defense (G. Joos)Chap. 26 GIS for Transportation (K. Choi, T.J. Kim)Chap. 27 GIS in Geology (K. Asch, S.J. Mathers, H. Kessler)Chap. 28 GIS for Energy and Utilities (W. (Bill) Meehan, J. Wyland)Chap. 29 GIS in Health and Human Services (W. (Bill) Davenhall, C. Kinabrew)Chap. 30 Open Source GIS (R.R. Vatsavai, T.E. Burk, S. Lime, M. Hugentobler, A. Neumann, C. Strobl)Chap. 31 Open Source Tools for Environmental Modeling (A. Jolma, D.P. Ames, N. Horning, H. Mitasova, M. Neteler, A. Racicot, T. Sutton)Glossary of ISO Terms.- Acknowledgements.- About the Authors.- Subject Index

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Book SynopsisFundamentals of Inertial Navigation, Satellite-based Positioning and their Integration is an introduction to the field of Integrated Navigation Systems. It serves as an excellent reference for working engineers as well as textbook for beginners and students new to the area. The book is easy to read and understand with minimum background knowledge. The authors explain the derivations in great detail. The intermediate steps are thoroughly explained so that a beginner can easily follow the material. The book shows a step-by-step implementation of navigation algorithms and provides all the necessary details. It provides detailed illustrations for an easy comprehension. The book also demonstrates real field experiments and in-vehicle road test results with professional discussions and analysis. This work is unique in discussing the different INS/GPS integration schemes in an easy to understand and straightforward way. Those schemes include loosely vs tightly coupled, open loop vs closed loop, and many more. Table of ContentsReference Frames and Earth Geometry.- Global Positioning System.- Inertial Navigation System.- Inertial Navigation System Modeling.- Modeling INS Errors by Linear State Equations.- Kalman Filter.- INS/GPS integration.- Three Dimensional Reduced Inertial Sensor System / GPS Integration for Land-Based Vehicles.- Two Case Studies- full IMU/GPS and 3D RISS/GPS Integration.

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Book SynopsisDigitale Werkzeuge und GIS.- Integration von Landnutzungs- und Landbedeckungsdaten für ein hochaufgelöstes Landschaftsmodell.- Digitale Werkzeuge in der Landschaftsarchitektur und der Umweltplanung Fallbeispiele aus Lehre und Forschung.- Validierung dynamischer Vegetationsmodelle mit über Crowdourcing erhobenen Phänologiedaten.- Maschinelles Lernen und Bildverarbeitung.- Detektion von Echtem Mehltau an Salat (Lactuca sativa L.) mithilfe hyperspektraler Bilddaten.- Super-Resolution-Techniken in der Structure-from-Motion-basierten Gebäuderekonstruktion.- Die InflateSAR Kampagne Detektion von Fluchtbooten mit SAR.- Prognose von Pegelständen mit Methoden des Maschinellen Lernens und frei verfügbaren Daten.- Herausforderungen und Ansätze zu einer Infrastruktur für die breite Nutzung von Machine-Learning-Verfahren in der Umweltverwaltung.- Innovative Methoden für UIS.- Neueinstufung ausgewählter Gefahrstoffe hinsichtlich der für den Brandfall empfohlenen Löschschäume.- Nachhaltigkeit in der Webgestaltung - Eine Analyse von Content Management Systemen (CMS) und Webseiten-Buildern in Bezug auf Energieeffizienz.-Umweltdatenmanagement mit dem Twin Information System (TwIS) als Digitaler Zwilling des Ökosystems.- Moderne UIS-Anwendungen für Verwaltung und Bevölkerung.- Neuentwicklung des Abfallentsorgungsanlagenkatasters in Sachsen ABENSA.- Innovationsprojekte in der Umweltverwaltung Möglichkeiten und Grenzen.- Das WasserBLIcK-System als Basis für effiziente Datenflüsse - Das Beispiel der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRRL).- Auenchatbot KarlA.- Gamification-Konzept für Mobile Augmented Reality im Kontext eines Naturlehrpfades.

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Book SynopsisSelbstkonsistente Darstellung von Schlüssel- und Transfermethodologien vom Realitätsraum geodätischer Messungen und Beobachtungen in den Modellraum mathematischer Strukturen und Lösungen und zurück, neue Perspektiven und Forschungstrends im Bereich Mathematischer Geodäsie.Table of ContentsBackground.- Special Functions Based Methods.- Statistical Methods.- Approximation and Numerical Methods.- Reference Systems and Monitoring Methods.- Inverse Problems and Least Squares Methods.- Inverse Problems and Multiscale Methods.- Methods for Satellite and Space Techniques.

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Book SynopsisWas ist eine Mercatorabbildung? Wie berechnet man Koordinaten? Wie funktioniert ein Geoinformationssystem? Diese und viele weitere Fragen beantwortet „Geomatik - Eine Einführung“ und bietet damit zum ersten Mal die theoretischen Grundlagen der Ausbildung zur/zum Geomatiker:in in einem Werk.Folgende Themen werden auf der Grundlage des bundesweit einheitlichen Rahmenlehrplans der Berufsausbildung behandelt: Organisation des Vermessungswesen Erfassung, Bearbeitung und Präsentation von Geodaten Verwaltung von Geodaten Grundlagen des Web- und Printdesigns Selbstständige Entwicklung von Geoprodukten Die Inhalte werden ergänzt durch ein auf die Prüfungen angepasstes Lernangebot und zahlreiche weiterführende Informationsquellen. Dadurch entsteht ein umfassendes und zeitgemäßes Handbuch für den Berufsschulunterricht und zur Prüfungsvorbereitung im Bereich der Geoinformatik, Vermessung und Kartographie. Aus einer modernen, digitalen Wissensvermittlung sind die visuellen und kartenbasierten Ansätze der Geomatik nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die in diesem Buch angebotenen Informationen ermöglichen es angehenden Geomatiker:innen und Interessierten selbstständig eigene Geoprodukte zu erstellen.Trade Review“... Ein Buch aus der Praxis und der eigenen Erfahrung, welches den Auszubildenden und allen Lehrenden und an der Branche Interessierten eine wichtige Unterstützung bietet ...” (Achim Dombert, in: VDVmagazin, Jg. 74, Heft 4, 2023)Table of ContentsGeleitwort von Dirk Zellmer.- Einführung von Josefine Klaus.- 1 Betriebe der Geoinformationstechnologie vorstellen.- 2 Geodaten unterscheiden und bewerten.- 3 Geodaten erfassen und bearbeiten.- 4 Geodaten in Geoinformationssystemen verwenden und präsentieren.- 5 Datenbanken erstellen, Geodaten pflegen und verwalten.- 6 Geodaten beziehen, modellieren und Geoprodukte gestalten.- 7 Geobasisdaten mit Fachdaten verknüpfen und visualisieren.- 8 Fernerkundungssysteme auswerten, interpretieren und in ein Geoinformationssystem einbinden.- 9 Geodaten in multimedialen Produkten realisieren.- 10 Geodaten in Print-Produkten aufbereiten.- 11 Mehrdimensionale Geoprodukte entwickeln.- 12 Geoprodukte kundenorientiert konzipieren und umsetzen.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisThe Earth functions as a complex system, and existing infrastructure and methodologies are inadequate for addressing many of the problems associated with it. An integrated and innovative approach is necessary to analyze, model, and develop extensive and diverse datasets for solving these problems. Geoinformatics, which is the synergy of various disciplines such as earth sciences, GIS, remote sensing, GPS, photogrammetry, and cartography, is rapidly advancing in areas where data are identified by their locations. Currently, there is a chaotic distribution of available datasets, a lack of documentation about them and the methodologies used, a lack of easily accessible tools for computer modeling, and other obstacles that make it difficult for earth scientists to develop solutions. The authors have attempted to overcome these challenges by bringing together relevant information and techniques, as well as recent advances in these fields. This book provides a comprehensive overview of various topics related to the applications of geoinformatics, which are highly diversified and include space and environmental monitoring, watershed management, water resources and management, productivity enhancement in agro-ecosystems, resource information systems, precision farming, monitoring of glaciers and lakes, geospatial techniques, and livelihood improvement using GIS.

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Book SynopsisGeomorphology is an area of study that focuses on the outer surface of the Earths crust. This field is crucial for understanding the historical and current geological processes that have shaped the Earths surface, as well as the resources and ecosystems that it supports. Additionally, geomorphology plays a critical role in identifying areas that are prone to natural disasters. The use of remote sensing technology has greatly expanded the scope of geomorphology, as it allows for the easy observation and animation of geological processes.

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Book SynopsisThis work aims to offer an overview of the latest advancements in geostatistical modeling, the spatial variability of soil resources, and the creation of digital soil maps using R and GIS, with a particular emphasis on their potential application in agricultural resource management.

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Book Synopsis

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