Engineering thermodynamics Books
Taylor & Francis Inc Heat Transfer Enhancement with Nanofluids
Book Synopsis Nanofluids are gaining the attention of scientists and researchers around the world. This new category of heat transfer medium improves the thermal conductivity of fluid by suspending small solid particles within it and offers the possibility of increased heat transfer in a variety of applications. Bringing together expert contributions from across the globe, Heat Transfer Enhancement with Nanofluids presents a complete understanding of the application of nanofluids in a range of fields and explains the main techniques used in the analysis of nanofuids flow and heat transfer. Providing a rigorous framework to help readers develop devices employing nanofluids, the book addresses basic topics that include the analysis and measurements of thermophysical properties, convection, and heat exchanger performance. It explores the issues of convective instabilities, nanofluids in porous media, and entropy generation in nanofluids. The book also contains the latest Trade Review"… an excellent source of information for researchers and engineers to understand the application of heat transfer enhancement using nanofluids."—Heat Transfer Engineering, 2016"… an interesting journey in the area of nanofluids and covers almost all aspects starting with properties estimation methods and continuing with convection heat transfer particularities and special applications. … I found this book very useful for all professionals in the heat transfer enhancement area, with particular focus on nanofluids new capabilities."—Alina Adriana Minea, Technical University "Gheorghe Asachi" from Iasi, Romania"The topics covered in the "Heat Transfer Enhancement with Nanofluids" ma[t]ched the required information which students whom have not been exposed to Nanofluid area previously. The book includes numerous applications of nanofluids as different chapters which make it a good text book for engineers and researchers."—Dr Mohsen Sharifpur, Nanofluids Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of Pretoria" an up-to-date and thought-provoking book on a rich but still evolving field of a considerable theoretical interest and possible future applications."—Gennady Ziskind, Dept. of Mech. Engineering, Ben-Gurion University"The 16 chapters collected in this book cover a broad range of fundamental and applied research on the heat transfer enhancement with nanofluids by theoretical, numerical and experimental studies, from scientific enquiries to practical applications. They disseminate the latest research discoveries and can serve as an important source of reference for fundamentals and applications of heat transfer in nanofluids. … highly recommended for students and professionals in mechanical, civil, environmental, energy, power, chemical, aerospace, and biomedical engineering."—Professor Liqiu Wang, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"I think that the present book should be in the shelf of all libraries of faculties or departments in which heat transfer researchers work."—Moghtada Mobedi, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka UniversityTable of ContentsProperties of Nanofluid. Exact Solutions and Their Implications in Anomalous Heat Transfer. Mechanisms and Models of Thermal Conductivity in Nanofluids. Experimental Methods for the Characterization of Thermophysical Properties of Nanofluids. Nanofluid Forced Convection. Experimental Study of Convective Heat Transfer in Nanofluids. Performance of Heat Exchangers Using Nanofluids. Thermal Nanofluid Flow in Microchannels with Applications. Use of Nanofluids for Heat Transfer Enhancement in Mixed Convection. Buoyancy-Driven Convection of Enclosed Nanoparticle Suspensions. Modeling Convection in Nanofluids: From Clear Fluids to Porous Media. Convection and Instability Phenomena in Nanofluid-Saturated Porous Media. Nanofluid Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer. Heat Pipes and Thermosyphons Operated with Nanofluids. Entropy Generation Minimization in Nanofluid Flow. Gas-Based Nanofluids (Nanoaerosols). Index.
£185.25
Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Airbreathing Propulsion An Introduction Springer
Book SynopsisAirbreathing Propulsion covers the physics of combustion, fluid and thermo-dynamics, and structural mechanics of airbreathing engines, including piston, turboprop, turbojet, turbofan, and ramjet engines.Table of ContentsPreface.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Thermodynamic Ideal Cycle Analysis.- 3. Friction, Work and Heat Addition in a One-dimensional Channel Flow.- 4. Flow Through a Turbomachine.- 5. Estimating Losses.- 6. Similarity Rules (On Design Condition).- 7. Axial Compressors and Turbines.- 8. Centrifugal Compressor.- 9. Off Design Running of Aircraft Gasturbines.- 10. Propeller Aerodynamics.- 11. Materials and Structural Problems.- List of Symbols.- Bibliography.- Index.
£40.49
Nova Science Publishers Inc Energy & Exergy Currents: An Introduction to
Book SynopsisEnergy & Exergy Currents An Introduction To Exergonomics.
£106.39
Nova Science Publishers Inc Recent Advances in Finite-Time Thermodynamics
Book SynopsisFinite-time thermodynamics (FTT) is one of the newest and most challenging areas in thermodynamics. The objective of this book is to provide results from research, which continues at an impressive rate. The authors make a concentrated effort to reach out and encourage academic and industrial participation in this book and to select papers that are relevant to current problems and practice. The numerous contributions from the international community are indicative of the continuing global interest in finite-time thermodynamics. All represent the newest developments in their respective areas.
£113.59
Taylor & Francis Inc On a Class of Incomplete Gamma Functions with
Book SynopsisThe subject of special functions is rich and expanding continuously with the emergence of new problems encountered in engineering and applied science applications. The development of computational techniques and the rapid growth in computing power have increased the importance of the special functions and their formulae for analytic representations. However, problems remain, particularly in heat conduction, astrophysics, and probability theory, whose solutions seem to defy even the most general classes of special functions.On a Class of Incomplete Gamma Functions with Applications introduces a class of special functions, developed by the authors, useful in the analytic study of several heat conduction problems. It presents some basic properties of these functions, including their recurrence relations, special cases, asymptotic representations, and integral transform relationships. The authors explore applications of these generalized functions to problems in transient heat conduction, special cases of laser sources, and problems associated with heat transfer in human tissues. They also discuss applications to astrophysics, probability theory, and other problems in theory of functions and present a fundamental solution to time-dependent laser sources with convective-type boundary conditions. Appendices include an introduction to heat conduction, Fourier conduction, a table of Laplace transforms, and well-known results regarding the improper integrals. Filled with tabular and graphical representations for applications, this monograph offers a unique opportunity to add to your mathematical toolbox a new and useful class of special functions.Table of ContentsGeneralized Gamma Function. The Generalized Incomplete Gamma Functions. The Family of Gamma Functions. Extension of Generalized Incomplete Gamma Functions. Extended Beta Function. Extended Incomplete Gamma Functions. Extended Riemann Zeta Functions. Phase-Change Heat-Transfer. Heat Conduction due to Time-Dependent Laser Sources. A Unified Approach to Heat Source Problems. Appendices. References. Symbols. Index.
£171.00
Nova Science Publishers Inc Intelligent Computer Based Engineering
Book SynopsisThis book and the accompanying computer software are intended to enhance and streamline the study of the field of thermodynamics. The package is design and problem-solving oriented. Released from the drain of repetitive and iterative hand calculation, students can be led to a far wider and deeper study than has been possible previously.
£106.39
New Age International (UK) Ltd Steam Tables
Book Synopsis
£15.00
New Age International (UK) Ltd Fundamentals of Engineering Heat and Mass
Book Synopsis
£38.00
Imperial College Press Innovative Thermoelectric Materials: Polymer,
Book SynopsisPower generation from environmentally friendly sources has led to surging interest in thermoelectrics. There has been a move toward alternative thermoelectric materials with enhanced performance through materials and structures that utilize common and safer elements and alternative mechanistic approaches while increasing processing latitude and decreasing cost. This wide-ranging volume examines this progress and future prospects with the new technologies, ease of processing and cost as major considerations, and will benefit active researchers, students and others interested in cutting-edge work in thermoelectric materials. Innovative Thermoelectric Materials incorporates the contributions of a group of recognized experts in thermoelectric materials, many of whom were the first to introduce various materials systems into thermoelectric systems. The perspectives brought to this evolving subject will provide important insights on which those developing the field can build, and will inspire new research directions for the future.
£97.20
ISTE Ltd Advances in Thermodynamics and Circular
Book SynopsisThis book on energy physics and energy efficiency discusses two essential components of energy physics: the fundamentals and the criteria. It covers the historical basis of Carnot models, the thermostatic cycles of double-function heat pumps and the optimization of thermomechanical engines, and discusses the results of various investigations, bringing together a number of previous works. The latter half of this book introduces the concept of "Circular Thermoeconomics" and assesses the physical costs of recycling waste in increasingly complex industrial processes. It then goes on to present "Relative Free Energy", allowing us to create a new mathematical theory of thermodynamic costs in order to diagnose malfunctions in thermal systems. The book shows the progression of knowledge on the existence of successive energy, power and efficiency, and pairs this with the economic aspects, which are already becoming linked to growing environmental concerns.Table of ContentsForeword xiMichel FEIDT Introduction xiiiMichel FEIDT and Antonio VALERO-CAPILLA Chapter 1 From Equilibrium Thermodynamics to Irreversible Thermodynamics 1Michel FEIDT 1.1 Recent emergence of thermodynamics: from heat to engines 1 1.1.1 Heat and temperature 1 1.1.2 Matter and chemical reactions 2 1.1.3 Mechanical energy 3 1.1.4 Heat–work equivalence 4 1.2 From engines to concepts (work by Carnot) 5 1.2.1 The steam engine and other engines 5 1.2.2 The Carnot cycle 5 1.2.3 Carnot efficiency 8 1.2.4 Engine power 8 1.3 From thermostatics to thermodynamics 9 1.3.1 The basics of thermodynamics 10 1.3.2 Thermodynamic transformation 14 1.3.3 Energy transfers and conversion 18 1.3.4 Generalization of cycle and efficiency concepts 22 1.4 Case study: the Carnot engine 25 1.4.1 Energy and entropy balances 25 1.4.2 Entropy production and energy efficiency 27 1.5 First conclusions and perspectives 34 1.6 References 35 Chapter 2 Two-Heat-Source Thermodynamic Cycles: Representation as a Ternary Diagram 37Julien RAMOUSSE 2.1 Introduction to two-heat-source systems 37 2.2 Definitions and convention 38 2.2.1 Work and heat 38 2.2.2 Sign convention 39 2.2.3 Heat source/sink 40 2.2.4 First-law balance 40 2.2.5 Second-law balance 41 2.3 Graphic representations — state of the art 44 2.3.1 Q-T diagram 45 2.3.2 Borel and Favrat diagram 46 2.3.3 Raveau diagram 49 2.4 Ternary diagram 50 2.4.1 Ternary diagram representation 51 2.4.2 Interpretation using polar coordinates 56 2.5 Application examples 62 2.5.1 Endo-reversible (exo-irreversible) two-heat-source systems 63 2.5.2 Exo-reversible (endo-irreversible) two-heat-source systems 66 2.5.3 General case — endo- and exo-irreversible systems 71 2.6 Conclusion and prospects 74 2.7 References 77 Chapter 3 Thermodynamics with Finite Speed 79Stoian PETRESCU and Monica COSTEA 3.1 Introduction 79 3.2 First developments of TFS (1964–1974) 80 3.2.1 The origin of TFS 80 3.2.2 Fundamental concepts 82 3.2.3 The first law of thermodynamics for finite-speed processes in simple systems 85 3.2.4 First approach to Beau de Rochas and Otto's finite speed irreversible cycle 92 3.3 Developments of TFS during the period 1990–2007 94 3.3.1 First law of thermodynamics for finite speed processes in complex closed systems 94 3.3.2 The direct method of TFS 98 3.4 Main achievements of TFS and the direct method 99 3.4.1 Modeling and optimization of the Stirling engine cycle 99 3.4.2 Optimization of the Carnot engine irreversible cycle 108 3.4.3 Effect of irreversibilities on the efficiency of the Beau de Rochas–Otto cycle at finite speed 112 3.4.4 Optimization of diesel cycle efficiency at finite speed 113 3.5 New developments and extension of TFS 115 3.6 International recognition of TFS and the direct method 117 3.7 Conclusion 117 3.8 References 118 Chapter 4 Finite Physical Dimensions Thermodynamics 125Michel FEIDT 4.1 Introduction 125 4.2 The Carnot engine according to equilibrium thermodynamics 126 4.2.1 Equilibrium thermodynamics and heat losses 126 4.2.2 Exo-reversible Carnot engine (endo-irreversible) 128 4.2.3 Power of the exo-reversible Carnot engine 129 4.3 The Chambadal engine model (1957) 130 4.3.1 Optimization of the modified Chambadal engine without source-converter heat transfer coupling constraint 131 4.3.2 Optimization of the modified Chambadal engine, with the transfer entropy constraint 133 4.3.3 Section conclusion 134 4.4 The Curzon–Ahlborn model (1975) 134 4.4.1 Optimization of mechanical energy 136 4.4.2 Optimization of mechanical power 138 4.5 Finite speed thermodynamics 139 4.5.1 Introduction 139 4.5.2 Expression of the first law of thermodynamics for finite speed processes 140 4.5.3 Extension of the method 140 4.6 Finite physical dimensions optimal thermodynamics: case without coupling of sources and sinks with the converter 141 4.7 Finite physical dimensions optimal thermodynamics: case with source and sink coupling with the converter 143 4.7.1 Irreversible Carnot engine with finite source and sink 145 4.7.2 Irreversible Carnot engine with finite converter 145 4.8 Chapter conclusion 147 4.9 Appendix 148 4.10 References 149 Chapter 5 Circular Thermoeconomics: A Waste Cost Accounting Theory 151Antonio VALERO-CAPILLA and César TORRES 5.1 Introduction 152 5.1.1 Toward a general theory of process efficiency 155 5.1.2 Basic concepts 157 5.2 The exergy cost theory 159 5.2.1 The principle of non-equivalence of local irreversibilities 166 5.2.2 The cost formation process of waste 168 5.2.3 Waste flows cost allocation 172 5.2.4 Exergy cost computation 175 5.3 Structural theory of thermoeconomics 178 5.3.1 Marginal cost equations 182 5.3.2 Linear model of characteristic equations 184 5.4 Structural theory and exergy cost 185 5.4.1 The flow-process model 189 5.4.2 The characteristic equations of exergy cost theory 194 5.4.3 The fuel impact formula 197 5.4.4 Cost decomposition 198 5.4.5 Efficiency and recycling 201 5.5 Conclusion 204 5.5.1 The structural theory 204 5.5.2 Circular economy and industrial symbiosis 206 5.6 References 210 Chapter 6 The Relative Free Energy Function: A New Approach to Thermoeconomic Diagnosis 215Antonio VALERO-CAPILLA and César TORRES 6.1 Introduction 216 6.2 Drawbacks of exergy 219 6.3 The relative free energy function 220 6.4 h-s deterioration(s) path(s) of an energy system 223 6.5 The Legendre transform of a deterioration path 224 6.6 Conclusion 229 6.7 Epilogue 232 6.8 References 236 List of Authors 239 Index 241
£99.00
World Scientific Europe Ltd Stirling And Thermal-lag Engines: Motive Power
Book SynopsisExisting literature focuses on the alleged merits of the Stirling engine. These are indeed latent but, decades on, remain to be fully realised. This is despite the fact that Stirling and other closed-cycle prime-movers offer a contribution to an ultra-low carbon economy. By contrast with solar panels, the initial manufacture of Stirling engines makes no demands on scarce or exotic raw materials. Further, calculating embodied carbon per kWh favours the Stirling engine by a wide margin.However, the reader expecting to find the Stirling engine promoted as a panacea for energy problems may be surprised to find the reverse. Stirling and Thermal-Lag Engines reflects upon the fact that there is more to be gained by approaching its subject as a problem than as a solution. The Achilles heel of the Stirling engine is a low numerical value of specific work, defined as work per cycle per swept volume per unit of charge pressure and conventionally denoted Beale number NB. Measured values remain unimproved since 1818, quantified here for the first time at 2% of the NB of the modern internal combustion engine! The low figure is traced to incomplete utilisation of the working gas. Only a small percentage of the charge gas — if any — is processed through a complete cycle, i.e., between temperature extremes.The book offers ready-made tools including a simplified algorithm for particle trajectory map construction; an author-patented mechanism delivering optimised working-gas distribution; flow and heat transfer data re-acquired in context and an illustrated re-derivation of the academically respected Method of Characteristics which now copes with shock formation and flow-area discontinuities. All formulations are presented in sufficient detail to allow the reader to 'pick up and run' with them using the data offered in the book.The various strands are drawn together in a comprehensively engineered design of an internally focusing solar Stirling engine, presented in a form allowing a reader with access to basic machining facilities to construct one.The sun does not always shine. But neither will the oil always flow. This new title offers an entrée to technology appropriate to the 21st century.
£121.50
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Turbulent Multiphase Flows with Heat and Mass
Book SynopsisNumerous industrial systems or natural environments involve multiphase flows with heat and mass transfer. The authors of this book present the physical modeling of these flows, in a unified way, which can include various physical aspects and several levels of complexity. Thermal engineering and nuclear reactors; the extraction and transport of petroleum products; diesel and rocket engines; chemical engineering reactors and fluidized beds; smoke or aerosol dispersion; landslides and avalanches − the modeling of multiphase flows with heat and mass transfer for all these situations can be developed following a common methodology. This book is devoted to the description of the mathematical bases of how to incorporate adequate physical ingredients in agreement with known experimental facts and how to make the model evolve according to the required complexity. Contents Part 1. Approach and General Equations 1. Towards a Unified Description of Multiphase Flows. 2. Instant Equations for a Piecewise Continuous Medium. 3. Description of a “Mean Multiphase Medium”. 4. Equations for the Mean Continuous Medium. Part 2. Modeling: A Single Approach Adaptable to Multiple Applications 5. The Modeling of Interphase Exchanges. 6. Modeling Turbulent Dispersion Fluxes. 7. Modeling the Mean Gas–Liquid Interface Area per Unit Volume. 8. “Large Eddy Simulation” Style Models. 9. Contribution of Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes. 10. Experimental Methods. 11. Some Experimental Results Pertaining to Multiphase Flow Properties that Are Still Little Understood. Part 3. From Fluidized Beds to Granular Media 12. Fluidized Beds. 13. Generalizations for Granular Media. 14. Modeling of Cauchy Tensor of Sliding Contacts. 15. Modeling the Kinetic Cauchy Stress Tensor. Part 4. Studying Fluctuations and Probability Densities 16. Fluctuations of the Gas Phase in Reactive Two-Phase Media. 17. Temperature Fluctuations in Condensed Phases. 18. Study of the PDF for Velocity Fluctuations and Sizes of Parcels. About the Authors Roland Borghi is Professor Emeritus at Ecole Centrale Marseille in France and works as a consultant in the space, petrol and automobile sectors. His research activities cover fluid mechanics, combustion and flames, and multi-phase and granular flows. He was a member of the CNRS scientific committee and a laureate of the French Academy of Science. Fabien Anselmet is Professor at Ecole Centrale Marseille in France. His research activities focus on the turbulence of fluids and its varied applications in industry and in fields linked to the environment. With a unified, didactic style, this text presents tangible models of multiphase flows with heat and mass transfer with attention to various levels of complexities. It addresses thermal engineering and nuclear reactors, extraction and transport of petroleum products, diesel engines and rocket engines, chemical engineering reactors and fluidized beds, smoke or aerosol dispersion, and landslides and avalanches. Engineers, researchers, and scientists will appreciate the discussions of modeling principles, flows and granular media, and fluctuations around averages.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments xi Introduction xiii Part 1. Approach and General Equations 1 Chapter 1. Towards a Unified Description of Multiphase Flows 3 1.1. Continuous approach and kinetic approach 3 1.2. Eulerian–Lagrangian and Eulerian formulations 7 Chapter 2. Instant Equations for a Piecewise Continuous Medium 9 2.1. Integral and differential forms of balance equations 10 2.2. Phase mass balance equations in a piecewise continuous medium 13 2.3. Momentum balances 17 2.4. Energy balances 21 2.5. Position and interface area balance equations 23 2.6. Extension for a fluid phase that is a mixture 25 2.7. Completing the description of the medium 27 Chapter 3. Description of a “Mean Multiphase Medium” 29 3.1. The need for a mean description 29 3.2. How are mean values defined? 31 3.2.1. Temporal average 31 3.2.2. Volumetric average 32 3.2.3. Statistical average 34 3.2.4. Filtered average 35 3.3. Which average to choose, according to their advantages and disadvantages? 37 Chapter 4. Equations for the Mean Continuous Medium 39 4.1. Global balance equations for the mean medium 39 4.1.1. Total mass 39 4.1.2. Total momentum 40 4.1.3. Total energy 41 4.2. Balance equations for the phases of a mean medium 42 4.2.1. Phase mass 43 4.2.2. Phase momentum 44 4.2.3. Energies of each phase 47 4.2.4. Phase volume 49 4.3. Complete representation of the mean medium 49 4.3.1. Global representation 50 4.3.2. Multifluid representation 51 4.4. Mean equations of state 55 4.5. Extensions 58 4.5.1. Extension when a fluid phase is a mixture 58 4.5.2. Extension for dispersed media 59 4.6. Boundary conditions 61 Part 2. Modeling: A Single Approach Adaptable To Multiple Applications 67 Chapter 5. The Modeling of Interphase Exchanges 69 5.1. General methodology 69 5.2. Interface between phases and its mean area per unit of volume 71 5.2.1. Case of a suspension of liquid or solid particles 71 5.2.2. Case of a medium containing parcels of variable shapes and sizes 72 5.2.3. Case of a suspension of particles of constant and known sizes 74 5.3. Forces of contact and friction between phases 75 5.3.1. Pressure forces on spherical particles in a non-viscous flow 76 5.3.2. Friction on solid particles in steady flow 80 5.3.3. Slightly curved liquid–gas interfaces 87 5.3.4. Drops or bubbles 93 5.4. Heat transfers at the surface of a particle, without mass exchange 96 5.5. Heat and mass transfers during boiling 99 5.5.1. Slightly curved liquid–gas interfaces 99 5.5.2. Bubbles 105 5.6. Mass and heat exchanges by vaporization 107 5.6.1. Mass transfer by evaporation at a flat interface 107 5.6.2. Evaporation of a drop 113 5.6.3. Combustion of a drop 117 Chapter 6. Modeling Turbulent Dispersion Fluxes 119 6.1. Global modeling 119 6.1.1. General information 119 6.1.2. Kinetic energy of the “global fluctuations” 123 6.1.3. Modeling the kinetic energy of the fluctuations 128 6.1.4. Length scales for fluctuations and time scale for the dissipation of kinetic energy of fluctuations 132 6.1.5. Further studies on the dispersion flux of a phase 137 6.2. “Multifluid” modeling 147 6.2.1. The kinetic energy of the fluctuations in each phase 149 6.2.2. Modeling the balance equations of the kinetic energies of turbulence 152 6.2.3. The modeling of time or spatial scales 158 6.2.4. Modeling of the Reynolds tensor for every phase 162 Chapter 7. Modeling the Mean Gas–Liquid Interface Area per Unit Volume 165 7.1. Introduction 165 7.2. Initial equation for the mean interface area per unit volume 166 7.3. Model of the mean interface area during the “atomization” of a liquid jet 168 7.4. Effects of vaporization on the interface area 172 Chapter 8. “Large Eddy Simulation” Style Models 175 8.1. Introduction 175 8.2. Filtered equations and the nature of the models to be provided 177 8.3. Classic LES modeling for SGS additional fluxes 181 8.3.1. Reminder of LES in single-phase, constant density turbulent flows 181 8.3.2. Toward an extension for multiphase flows 183 8.4. Subgrid modeling of the interface area per unit volume 185 8.5. Partially Integrated Turbulence Modeling 188 Chapter 9. Contribution of Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes 191 9.1. Global two-phase medium models 192 9.1.1. Entropy of a mean two-phase medium using the Prandtl model 194 9.1.2. Entropy for the k–ε model, in a medium with a variable density 200 9.2. Contribution of thermodynamics to multifluid models 206 Chapter 10. Experimental Methods 213 10.1. Introduction 213 10.2. Intrusive methods 214 10.2.1. Pitot tubes 215 10.2.2. Hot films 216 10.2.3. Optical needle probes (single probes, bi-probes and quadri-probes) 219 10.2.4. Wire networks 223 10.3. Non-intrusive methods 224 10.3.1. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) 225 10.3.2. Droplet tracking velocimetry 230 10.3.3. Laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) 234 10.3.4. Phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) 237 10.3.5. Ultrasonic Doppler Anemometry 241 10.3.6. Densimetry by attenuation of gamma, X-ray or neutron radiation 243 10.4. Advanced optical methods 245 10.4.1. Laser induced fluorescence 245 10.4.2. Interferometric methods (digital inline holography, Fourier interferometric imaging, ILIDS/IPI, rainbow) 252 Chapter 11. Some Experimental Results Pertaining to Multiphase Flow Properties that Are Still Little Understood 265 11.1. Atomization/fragmentation of liquid jets 265 11.2. Isolated bubbles, bubbles in swarm and their effects on carrier fluid 274 11.3. Boiling crisis 285 Part 3. From Fluidized Beds To Granular Media 297 Chapter 12. Fluidized Beds 299 12.1. Introduction 299 12.1.1. Classification of different fluidization regimes 299 12.1.2. Minimum fluidization and bubbling velocities 304 12.2. Complete models for the dynamics of fluidized beds 306 12.2.1. Bubbling fluidization regime 307 12.2.2. Turbulent fluidization regime 315 12.3. Global models for chemical conversion in fluidized beds 321 12.3.1. Bubbling regime fluidizations 321 12.3.2. Fast fluidization regime 324 12.3.3. Turbulent fluidization regime 325 12.4. Global models for heat transfers in fluidized beds 328 12.4.1. Bubbling fluidization regime 328 12.4.2. Fast fluidization regimes – circulating beds 331 12.5. Conclusion 334 Chapter 13. Generalizations for Granular Media 335 13.1. Introduction 335 13.2. Balance equations for mean granular media 336 13.3. Necessary closure approximations 342 13.4. Some already proposed methods 345 Chapter 14. Modeling of Cauchy Tensor of Sliding Contacts 349 14.1. Hypotheses and basic equations 349 14.2. Unclosed balance equation for Cauchy tensor of sliding contact 351 14.3. Closure approximations for irreversible terms 358 Chapter 15. Modeling the Kinetic Cauchy Stress Tensor 363 15.1. Prandtl–Bagnold modeling 364 15.2. K-lt or “turbulent granular gas” modeling 366 15.3. Toward a general model for all regimes 371 15.4. Boundary conditions at walls 373 Part 4. Studying Fluctuations and Probability Densities 377 Chapter 16. Fluctuations of the Gas Phase in Reactive Two-Phase Media 379 16.1. Specificities of reactive two-phase media 379 16.2. Probability density of composition fluctuations of the gas phase 380 16.2.1. Instant basic equations of the gas medium 382 16.2.2. PDF equation 385 16.3. Modeling the terms due to exchanges between phases 390 16.3.1. Total mass exchange 390 16.3.2. Mass exchange for species 392 16.3.3. Heat exchange 393 16.4. Modeling micromixing and turbulent dispersion 395 16.4.1. The “micromixing” term in PDF equations 395 16.4.2. Turbulent diffusion terms in PDF equations 396 16.5. Practical use of PDF equations 397 Chapter 17. Temperature Fluctuations in Condensed Phases 399 17.1. Problems 399 17.2. Instantaneous equation for the temperature of the liquid phase 401 17.3. Equation for the PDF of the temperature of the liquid 403 17.4. Closure of the equation of the temperature PDF 405 Chapter 18. Study of the PDF for Velocity Fluctuations and Sizes of Parcels 409 18.1. Phase velocity PDF equation 410 18.2. Modeling the exchanges between phases and the internal interactions 415 18.2.1. Terms of exchanges between phases 415 18.2.2. Internal dissipation and production of fluctuations 418 18.3. Practical calculation of PDF 419 18.4. The study of the sizes of the dispersed phase parcels 420 18.5. Eulerian–Lagrangian simulation of dispersed media 423 18.5.1. Lagrangian equations of the parcels 423 18.5.2. Stochastic simulations 426 Bibliography 431 Index 443
£146.66
WIT Press Plate Heat Exchangers: Design, Applications and Performance
Book SynopsisHeat exchangers are important, and used frequently in the processing, heat and power, air-conditioning and refrigeration, heat recovery, transportation and manufacturing industries. Such equipment is also important in electronics cooling and for environmental issues like thermal pollution, waste disposal and sustainable development. The present book concerns plate heat exchangers (PHEs), which are one of the most common types in practice. The overall objectives are to present comprehensive descriptions of such heat exchangers and their advantages and limitations, to provide in-depth thermal and hydraulic design theory for PHEs, and to present state-of-the-art knowledge.The book starts with a general introduction and historical background to PHEs, then discusses construction and operation (PHE types, plate pattern, etc.) and gives examples of PHEs in different application areas. Material issues (plates, gaskets, brazing materials) and manufacturing methods are also treated.The major part of the book concerns the basic design methods for both single-phase and two-phase flow cases, various flow arrangements, thermal-hydraulic performance in single-phase flow and for PHEs operating as condensers and evaporators. Fouling problems are also discussed and in a section on extended design and operation issues, modern Research and Development (R & D) tools like computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods are discussed. Unique features for PHEs are discussed throughout.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Basic features and development of plate heat exchangersIntroduction; Historical background; Basic principle; General characteristicsChapter 2: Construction and operationGasketed heat exchanger; Evolution of plate heat exchangers; Operation and selectionChapter 3: Industrial applicationsFood processing; Air-conditioning and refrigeration systems; Service heating and cogeneration; Offshore gas and oil applications; Marine applications; Chemical processing; Pulp and paper industry applications; Solar energy applications; Closing remarksChapter 4: Materials and manufacturingPlate material; Gasket material; ManufacturingChapter 5: Basic design methodsIntroduction; Basic energy balance and design equations; Thermal design methods; Hydrodynamic design methods; Variable overall heat transfer coefficient; Thermal mixingChapter 6: Single- and multi-pass flow arrangementFlow arrangement and distribution; Pass arrangement classification; General thermal model; Performance comparison; Guidelines of pass selection; Correction factors and effectivenessChapter 7: Thermal-hydraulic performance in single-phase flowsIntroduction; Chevron-plate performance literature; Thermal-hydraulic characteristics; Heat transfer enhancementChapter 8: Thermal-hydraulic performance in condensers and evaporatorsFlow patterns; Performance of plate condensers; Performance of plate evaporatorsChapter 9: Fouling, corrosion, and erosionFouling; Corrosion; ErosionChapter 10: Extended design and operation issuesFlow distribution; Numerical prediction of performance; Multi-stream plate heat exchangers; Dynamic behaviour; Future developments
£124.45
Whittles Publishing The Principles of Thermal Sciences and Their
Book SynopsisThis work presents an intergrated approach to thermodynamics and heat transfer suitable for undergraduates on a mumber of courses. Topics covered include: the First Law of Thermodynamics, fundamentals and applications; the Second and Third Laws; thermodynamic cycles including the Carnot, Rankine and Otto Cycles; conduction of heat, under both steady and non-steady conditions; forced and natural convection of heat; radiation heat transfer; and introductory statistical thermodynamics. In addition there are many numerical examples throughout the text and at the end of each chapter.
£18.04
Whittles Publishing Topics in Environmental and Safety Aspects of
Book SynopsisThis work covers a number of diverse topics and has underlying chemistry, especially combustion chemistry, as a unifying theme across the chapters. There is frequent reference to the research literature, and accounts of many case studies. There are over 40 numerical examples in an appendix, suitable for tutorial use, with fully worked solutions in a second appendix.Table of ContentsSulphur in fuels and its environmental consequences; oxide of nitrogen emission by fuels; particulates; wastes from coal winning, storage and utilization; incineration of waste; pyrolysis and gasification of waste; aspects of the combustion chemistry of hydrocarbons; hazards in hydrocarbon processing and utilization; some relevant experimental techniques; reflections on applicable thermodynamics; numerical problems; solutions to numerical problems.
£18.04
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Essential Classical Thermodynamics
Book SynopsisThis book is a concise, readable, yet authoritative primer of basic classic thermodynamics. Many students have difficulty with thermodynamics, and find at some stage of their careers in academia or industry that they have forgotten what they learned, or never really understood these fundamental physical laws. As the title of the book suggests, the author has distilled the subject down to its essentials, using many simple and clear illustrations, instructive examples, and key equations and simple derivations to elucidate concepts. Based on many years of teaching experience at the undergraduate and graduate levels, “Essential Classical Thermodynamics” is intended to provide a positive learning experience, and to empower the reader to explore the many possibilities for applying thermodynamics in other fields of science, engineering, and even economics where energy plays a central role. Thermodynamics is fun when you understand it!Table of ContentsChapter1: An introduction to thermodynamics and the first law.- Chapter2: The second and third laws.- Chapter3: Gibbs and Helmholtz free energies.- Chapter4: A comprehensive view of the state functions including Maxwell’s relations.- Chapter5: Chemical potential and partial molar properties.- Chapter6: One component systems: transitions and phase diagrams.- Chapter7: Solutions, phase-separated systems colligative properties and phase diagrams.- Chapter8: Chemical equilibrium.- Chapter9: Thermodynamics problems.- Chapter10: Solutions to problems.- Chapter11: Mathematics useful for the thermodynamics.
£47.49
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Lectures in Classical Thermodynamics with an
Book SynopsisThis textbook facilitates students’ ability to apply fundamental principles and concepts in classical thermodynamics to solve challenging problems relevant to industry and everyday life. It also introduces the reader to the fundamentals of statistical mechanics, including understanding how the microscopic properties of atoms and molecules, and their associated intermolecular interactions, can be accounted for to calculate various average properties of macroscopic systems. The author emphasizes application of the fundamental principles outlined above to the calculation of a variety of thermodynamic properties, to the estimation of conversion efficiencies for work production by heat interactions, and to the solution of practical thermodynamic problems related to the behavior of non-ideal pure fluids and fluid mixtures, including phase equilibria and chemical reaction equilibria. The book contains detailed solutions to many challenging sample problems in classical thermodynamics and statistical mechanics that will help the reader crystallize the material taught. Class-tested and perfected over 30 years of use by nine-time Best Teaching Award recipient Professor Daniel Blankschtein of the Department of Chemical Engineering at MIT, the book is ideal for students of Chemical and Mechanical Engineering, Chemistry, and Materials Science, who will benefit greatly from in-depth discussions and pedagogical explanations of key concepts. Distills critical concepts, methods, and applications from leading full-length textbooks, along with the author’s own deep understanding of the material taught, into a concise yet rigorous graduate and advanced undergraduate text; Enriches the standard curriculum with succinct, problem-based learning strategies derived from the content of 50 lectures given over the years in the Department of Chemical Engineering at MIT; Reinforces concepts covered with detailed solutions to illuminating and challenging homework problems. Table of ContentsLecture 1:Book Overview.- Lecture 2:Basic Concepts and Definitions.- Lecture 3:First Law - Closed Systems: Derivation.- Lecture 4:First Law - Closed Systems: Derivation, Solution to Sample Problem 1.- Lecture 5:First Law - Closed Systems: Solution to Sample Problem 1, Continued.- Lecture 6:First Law - Open Systems: Derivation, Solution to Sample Problem 2.- Lecture 7:Second-Law Concepts.- Lecture 8:Heat Engine, Carnot Efficiency.- Lecture 9:Entropy, Reversibility.- Lecture 10:The Second Law of Thermodynamics, Maximum Work.- Lecture 11:The Combined First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics, Availability.- Lecture 12:Flow Work, Solution to Sample Problem 3.- Lecture 13:Fundamental Equations.- Lecture 14:Manipulation of Partial Derivatives.- Lecture 15:Gibbs Free Energy Formulation.- Lecture 16:Evaluation of Thermodynamic Data.- Lecture 17:Equation of State (EOS), Binodal, Spinodal, Critical Point.- Lecture 18:Principle of Corresponding States.- Lecture 19:Departure Functions.- Lecture 20:Review for Part I.- .- Lecture 21:Extensive and Intensive Mixture Properties, Partial Molar Properties.- Lecture 22:Generalized Gibbs-Duhem Relations for Mixtures, Calculation of Partial Molar Properties.- Lecture 23:Mixture EOS, Mixture Departure Functions, Ideal-Gas Mixtures, Ideal Solutions.- Lecture 24:Mixing Functions, Excess Functions.- Lecture 25:Fugacity, Fugacity Coefficient.- Lecture 26:Activity, Activity Coefficient.- Lecture 27:Criteria of Phase Equilibria, Gibbs Phase Rule.- Lecture 28:Applications of the Gibbs Phase Rule, Azeotrope.- Lecture 29:Differential Approach to Phase Equilibria, Pressure-Temperature-Composition Relations, Clausius-Clapeyron Equation.- Lecture 30:Integral Approach to Phase Equilibria, Composition Models.- Lecture 31:Chemical Equilibria: Stoichiometric Formulation.- Lecture 32:Equilibrium Constants for Gas-Phase and Condensed-Phase Reactions.- Lecture 33:Response of Chemical Reactions to Temperature, Le Chatelier’s Principle.- Lecture 34:Response of Chemical Reactions to Pressure, Applications.- Lecture 35:Gibbs Phase Rule for Chemically- Reacting Systems, Applications.- Lecture 36:Effect of Chemical Equilibrium on Thermodynamic Properties.- Lecture 37:Review for Part II.- Lecture 38:Quantum Statistical Mechanics, Canonical Ensemble, Probability and the Boltzmann Factor, Canonical Partition Function.- Lecture 39:Calculation of Thermodynamic Properties from the Canonical Partition Function, Treatment of Distinguishable and Indistinguishable Molecules.- Lecture 40:Translational, Vibrational, Rotational, and Electronic Partition Functions of Ideal Gases.- Lecture 41:Calculation of Thermodynamic Properties of Ideal Gases from the Partition Functions.- Lecture 42:Microcanonical Ensemble, Statistical Mechanical Definition and Interpretation of Entropy and Work.- Lecture 43:Statistical Mechanical Interpretation of the First, Second, and Third Laws of Thermodynamics.- .- Lecture 44:Grand Canonical Ensemble, Statistical Fluctuations.- Lecture 45:Classical Statistical Mechanics.- Lecture 46:Configurational Integral, Statistical Mechanical Derivation of the Virial Equation of State.- Lecture 47:Virial Coefficients in the Classical Limit, Statistical Mechanical Derivation of the van der Waals Equation of State.- Lecture 48:Statistical Mechanical Treatment of Chemical Equilibrium.- Lecture 49:Statistical Mechanical Treatment of Binary Mixtures.- Lecture 50:Review for Part III and Book Overview.
£75.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Building Physics: From physical principles to
Book SynopsisThis book offers a comprehensive presentation of the most important phenomena in building physics: heat transfer, moisture/humidity, sound/acoustics and illumination. As the book is primarily aimed at engineers, it addresses technical issues with the necessary pragmatism and incorporates many practical examples and related international standards. In order to ensure a complete understanding, it also explains the underlying physical principles and relates them to practical aspects in a simple and clear manner. The relationships between the various phenomena of building physics are clarified through consistent cross-referencing of formulas and ideas. The second edition features both new and revised sections on topics such as energy balance, solar gain, ventilation, road traffic and daylighting and takes into account new developments in international standards. It newly features almost 200 illustrations and 21 videos worth of supplementary material. The book is primarily aimed at students of civil engineering and architecture, as well as scientists and practitioners in these fields who wish to deepen or broaden their knowledge of topics within building physics.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Basics of thermodynamics.- Heat transfer.- Heat transfer in building components.- Moisture in building components.- Basics of waves.- Sound propagation.- Building acoustics.- Illumination.- Appendix A.- Tables.- Bibliography.- Index.
£52.24
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Transport Phenomena in Multiphase Systems
Book SynopsisThis volume fills the need for a textbook presenting basic governing and constitutive equations, followed by several engineering problems on multiphase flow and transport that are not provided in current advanced texts, monographs, or handbooks. The unique emphasis of this book is on the sound formulation of the basic equations describing multiphase transport and how they can be used to design processes in selected industrially important fields. The clear underlying mathematical and physical bases of the interdisciplinary description of multiphase flow and transport are the main themes, along with advances in the kinetic theory for particle flow systems. The book may be used as an upper-level undergraduate or graduate textbook, as a reference by professionals in the design of processes that deal with a variety of multiphase systems, and by practitioners and experts in multiphase science in the area of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) at U.S. national laboratories, international universities, research laboratories and institutions, and in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and petroleum industries. Distinct from other books on multiphase flow, this volume shows clearly how the basic multiphase equations can be used in the design and scale-up of multiphase processes. The authors represent a combination of nearly two centuries of experience and innovative application of multiphase transport representing hundreds of publications and several books. This book serves to encapsulate the essence of their wisdom and insight, and:Table of ContentsIntroduction to Multiphase Flow Basic Equations.- Multiphase Flow Constitutive Equations and Boundary Conditions.- Phenomena Associated with Multiphase Flow (Gas-Solids and Gas-Liquid Systems).- CO2 Capture.- Synthetic Gas Conversion to Liquid Fuel Using Slurry Bubble-Column Reactors.- Fluidized-Bed Reactor for Polymerization.- Fluidized-Bed Reactors for Solar-Grade Silicon and Silane Production.- Hemodynamics Simulation (Blood Flow).- Multiphase Flow Modeling of Volcanic Eruptions.- Pharmaceutical Processes.- Multiphase Flow Modeling of Wind Turbines at Rainy Condition.
£85.49
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Transport Phenomena in Multiphase Systems
Book SynopsisThis volume fills the need for a textbook presenting basic governing and constitutive equations, followed by several engineering problems on multiphase flow and transport that are not provided in current advanced texts, monographs, or handbooks. The unique emphasis of this book is on the sound formulation of the basic equations describing multiphase transport and how they can be used to design processes in selected industrially important fields. The clear underlying mathematical and physical bases of the interdisciplinary description of multiphase flow and transport are the main themes, along with advances in the kinetic theory for particle flow systems. The book may be used as an upper-level undergraduate or graduate textbook, as a reference by professionals in the design of processes that deal with a variety of multiphase systems, and by practitioners and experts in multiphase science in the area of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) at U.S. national laboratories, international universities, research laboratories and institutions, and in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and petroleum industries. Distinct from other books on multiphase flow, this volume shows clearly how the basic multiphase equations can be used in the design and scale-up of multiphase processes. The authors represent a combination of nearly two centuries of experience and innovative application of multiphase transport representing hundreds of publications and several books. This book serves to encapsulate the essence of their wisdom and insight, and:Table of ContentsIntroduction to Multiphase Flow Basic Equations.- Multiphase Flow Constitutive Equations and Boundary Conditions.- Phenomena Associated with Multiphase Flow (Gas-Solids and Gas-Liquid Systems).- CO2 Capture.- Synthetic Gas Conversion to Liquid Fuel Using Slurry Bubble-Column Reactors.- Fluidized-Bed Reactor for Polymerization.- Fluidized-Bed Reactors for Solar-Grade Silicon and Silane Production.- Hemodynamics Simulation (Blood Flow).- Multiphase Flow Modeling of Volcanic Eruptions.- Pharmaceutical Processes.- Multiphase Flow Modeling of Wind Turbines at Rainy Condition.
£56.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Combustion Technology: Essentials of Flames and
Book SynopsisThis textbook is intended for post-graduate students in mechanical and allied engineering disciplines. It will also be helpful to scientists and engineers working in the areas of combustion to recapitulate the fundamental and generally applied aspects of combustion. This textbook comprehensively covers the fundamental aspects of combustion. It includes physical descriptions of premixed and non-premixed flames. It provides a detailed analysis of the basic ideas and design characteristics of burners for gaseous, liquid and solid fuels. A chapter on alternative renewable fuels has also been included to bring out the need, characteristics and usage of alternative fuels. Review questions have been provided at the end of each chapter which will help the students to evaluate their understanding of the important concepts covered in that chapter. Several standard text books have been cited in the chapters and are listed towards the end, as suggested reading, to enable the readers to refer them when required. The textbook will be useful for students in mechanical, aerospace and related fields of engineering. It will also be a good resource for professionals and researchers working in the areas of combustion technology.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Review of Combustion Thermodynamics and Kinetics.- Review of Combustion Phenomena.- Burners for Gaseous Fuels.- Burners for Liquid Fuels.- Solid Fuel Systems.- Alternative Fuels.- Numerical Modelling of Laminar Flames.
£49.49
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Thermoacoustic Instability: A Complex Systems
Book SynopsisThis book systematically presents the consolidated findings of the phenomenon of self-organization observed during the onset of thermoacoustic instability using approaches from dynamical systems and complex systems theory. Over the last decade, several complex dynamical states beyond limit cycle oscillations such as quasiperiodicity, frequency-locking, period-n, chaos, strange non-chaos, and intermittency have been discovered in thermoacoustic systems operated in laminar and turbulent flow regimes. During the onset of thermoacoustic instability in turbulent systems, an ordered acoustic field and large coherent vortices emerge from the background of turbulent combustion. This emergence of order from disorder in both temporal and spatiotemporal dynamics is explored in the contexts of synchronization, pattern formation, collective interaction, multifractality, and complex networks. For the past six decades, the spontaneous emergence of large amplitude, self-sustained, tonal oscillations in confined combustion systems, characterized as thermoacoustic instability, has remained one of the most challenging areas of research. The presence of such instabilities continues to hinder the development and deployment of high-performance combustion systems used in power generation and propulsion applications. Even with the advent of sophisticated measurement techniques to aid experimental investigations and vast improvements in computational power necessary to capture flow physics in high fidelity simulations, conventional reductionist approaches have not succeeded in explaining the plethora of dynamical behaviors and the associated complexities that arise in practical combustion systems. As a result, models and theories based on such approaches are limited in their application to mitigate or evade thermoacoustic instabilities, which continue to be among the biggest concerns for engine manufacturers today. This book helps to overcome these limitations by providing appropriate methodologies to deal with nonlinear thermoacoustic oscillations, and by developing control strategies that can mitigate and forewarn thermoacoustic instabilities. The book is also beneficial to scientists and engineers studying the occurrence of several other instabilities, such as flow-induced vibrations, compressor surge, aeroacoustics and aeroelastic instabilities in diverse fluid-mechanical environments, to graduate students who intend to apply dynamical systems and complex systems approach to their areas of research, and to physicists who look for experimental applications of their theoretical findings on nonlinear and complex systems.Table of Contents1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction to thermoacoustic instability and its consequences 1.2 Mechanisms that cause thermoacoustic instability 1.2.1 Flame surface area modulations 1.2.2 Equivalence ratio fluctuations 1.2.3 Coherent structures in the flow 1.2.4 Entropy waves 1.3 Mechanisms that damp thermoacoustic instability 1.4 Current approaches: Acoustic oscillations driven by unsteady combustion, network modelling, and eigenvalues 1.5 Why do we need a nonlinear description? 1.6 Nonlinearities in a thermoacoustic system 1.7 Thermoacoustic stability analysis: Acoustic vs dynamical systems approach 1.8 Beyond limit cycles 1.9 Thermoacoustic instability in turbulent combustors 1.10 Transition to thermoacoustic instability in turbulent reacting flow systems 1.10.1 Is combustion noise deterministic or stochastic? 1.10.2 Studying the transition to thermoacoustic instability in “noisy” systems 1.10.3 Noise induced transition, stochastic bifurcation and Fokker-Planck equation 1.10.4 Is ‘signal plus noise’ paradigm the right way to go about? 1.11 Alternate perspectives 1.11.1 Combustion noise is chaos 1.11.2 Intermittency presages the onset of thermoacoustic instability 1.11.3 Multifractal description of combustion noise and its transition to thermoacoustic instability 1.11.4 Complex networks 1.11.5 On the importance of being nonlinear 1.11.6 Reductionist vs complex systems approach 1.12 References 2 Introduction to Dynamical Systems Theory 2.1 Dynamical system 2.1.1 Conservative and dissipative dynamical systems 2.1.2 Modeling dynamical systems as discrete and continuous functions of time 2.2 Linear approximation of one-dimensional systems 2.2.1 Two-dimensional linear systems 2.3 Bifurcations and their classification 2.3.1 Saddle-node bifurcation 2.3.2 Transcritical bifurcation 2.3.3 Pitchfork bifurcation 2.3.4 Hopf bifurcation 2.4 Signals and their classification 2.4.1 Limit cycle oscillations 2.4.2 Period-= oscillations 2.4.3 Quasiperiodic oscillations 2.4.4 Chaotic oscillations 2.4.5 Difference between strange chaotic, strange nonchaotic, and chaotic nonstrange attractors 2.4.6 Intermittency 2.5 Routes to chaos 2.5.1 Period-doubling route to chaos 2.5.2 Quasiperiodic route to chaos 2.5.3 Intermittency route to chaos 2.6 Phase space reconstruction 2.6.1 Selection of optimum time delay () 2.6.2 Selection of the minimum emending dimension (d) 2.7 Poincaré map (or Poincaré section or return map) 2.8 Recurrence plots 2.8.1 Cross recurrence plots 2.8.2 Joint recurrence plot 2.8.3 Recurrence quantification analysis 2.9 References 3 Bifurcation to Limit Cycle Oscillations in Laminar Thermoacoustic Systems 3.1 A brief history of Rijke-type thermoacoustic systems 3.2 Bifurcation characteristics of a deterministic thermoacoustic system 3.3 Noise-induced transition, triggering, and stochastic bifurcation to limit cycle 3.3.1 Effect of noise on hysteresis (or bistability) of a subcritical Hopf bifurcation 3.3.2 Stochastic (or P) bifurcation 3.3.3 Triggering in thermoacoustic systems 3.4 References 4 Thermoacoustic Instability: Beyond Limit Cycle Oscillations 4.1 Bifurcation of thermoacoustic instability beyond the state of limit cycle 4.2 Other dynamical states of thermoacoustic instability 4.2.1 Strange nonchaos 4.2.2 Intermittency 4.3 Routes to chaos for thermoacoustic oscillations 4.3.1 Period-doubling route to chaos 4.3.2 Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse route to chaos 4.3.3 Intermittency route to chaos 4.4 Nonlinear nature of flame-acoustic interactions 4.5 References 5 Thermoacoustic Instability is Self-Organization in a Complex System 5.1 Examples of complex systems 5.2 Nonlinearity: The reductionist’s nightmare 5.3 Emergence 5.4 Pattern formation 5.5 Order emerging from chaos 5.6 Onset of thermoacoustic instability in turbulent combustors 5.7 Fractals and multifractals 5.8 Collective interaction in complex systems 5.9 Complex networks 5.10 Why should we use complex systems approach to study thermoacoustic instability in turbulent combustors? 5.11 Practical applications 5.12 References 6 Intermittency - A State Precedes Thermoacoustic Instability and Blowout in Turbulent Combustors 6.1 Classification of sound waves generated by turbulent flame in a combustor 6.2 What is combustion noise? 6.2.1 Phase space dynamics of acoustic pressure fluctuations during combustion noise 6.2.2 0-1 test for chaos 6.3 What is thermoacoustic instability? 6.4 Transition from combustion noise to thermoacoustic instability in turbulent combustors 6.4.1 Reformulating the onset of thermoacoustic instability as a loss of chaos 6.4.2 Intermittency route to thermoacoustic instability 6.4.3 Characteristics of the intermittency signal 6.4.4 Bifurcation analysis of intermittency route to thermoacoustic instability 6.5 Phase space and recurrence analysis of the intermittency route to thermoacoustic instability 6.6 Intermittency route to flame blowout 6.7 Type of intermittency en-route to thermoacoustic instability and its scaling laws 6.8 References 7 Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Flow, Flame, and Acoustic Fields during the Onset of Thermoacoustic Instability 7.1 Pattern formation 7.2 The emergence of patterns during the onset of thermoacoustic instability 7.3 Collective interaction of large-scale vortices during thermoacoustic instability 7.4 References 8 Synchronization of Self-excited Acoustics and Turbulent Reacting Flow Dynamics 8.1 Basics of synchronization of coupled oscillators 8.2 Mutual synchronization of the acoustic and turbulent reactive flow fields during the transition to thermoacoustic instability 8.2.1 Coupled behavior of the acoustic field and the heat release rate field in a turbulent combustor 8.2.2 Synchronization of the acoustic pressure and the global heat release rate signals during the onset of thermoacoustic instability 8.2.3 Spatiotemporal synchronization of the turbulent reacting flow field with the duct acoustics 8.3 Forced synchronization of limit cycle oscillations in thermoacoustic systems 8.3.1 Forced response of the self-excited acoustic field 8.3.2 Forced synchronization of limit cycle oscillations in a horizontal Rijke tube 8.3.3 Characteristics of the acoustic field and the heat release rate field during forced synchronization in a laminar combustor 8.3.4 Forced synchronization of multi-frequency (quasiperiodic and chaotic) thermoacoustic oscillations 8.3.5 Characteristics of forced synchronization of limit cycle oscillations in turbulent combustors 8.3.6 Forced synchronization of self-excited oscillations in the hydrodynamic field 8.4 References 9 Model for Intermittency Route to Thermoacoustic Instability 9.1 Governing equations for the one-dimensional fluid flow. 9.1.1 Continuity equation 9.1.2 Momentum equation 9.1.3 Energy equation 9.1.4 Linearized governing equations for the acoustic field 9.2 Model for intermittency route to thermoacoustic instability 9.3 References 10 Multifractal Analysis of a Turbulent Thermoacoustic System 10.1 Fractals 10.2 The Hurst exponent and fractal properties 10.3 Multifractals 10.4 Methods of multifractal analysis 10.4.1 Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA) 10.4.2 Box-counting method 10.5 Combustion noise is multifractal and thermoacoustic instability is a loss of multifractality 10.6 Multifractal analysis during the transition to a flame blowout 10.7 Multifractal analysis of spatial flame structures during stable and unstable operation 10.8 References 11 Complex Network Approach to Thermoacoustic Systems 11.1 An introduction to complex networks 11.2 Measures of complex networks 11.3 Types of complex networks 11.3.1 Regular networks 11.3.2 Random network 11.3.3 Small-world networks 11.3.4 Scale-free networks 11.4 Complex network approach to study temporal dynamics of thermoacoustic systems 11.4.1 Combustion noise is scale-free 11.4.2 The onset of thermoacoustic instability as a transition from scale-free to regular networks 11.4.3 Small-world-like behavior of thermoacoustic instability using cycle network 11.4.4 Recurrence network topologies of different dynamical states of a thermoacoustic system 11.4.5 Directional dependence between the coupled acoustic pressure and heat release rate fluctuations using recurrence networks 11.5 Complex network approach to study spatial dynamics of thermoacoustic systems 11.5.1 Unweighted spatial networks of the time-averaged flow field using the Pearson coefficient 11.5.2 Weighted time-varying spatial networks obtained though acoustic power and vorticity fields 11.5.3 Weighted time-varying turbulence networks obtained though vorticity fields 11.6 References 12 Early Warning and Mitigation Strategies for Thermoacoustic Instability 12.1 Precursors for the onset of impending thermoacoustic instability . . . 418 12.2 Traditional approaches for passive and active controls of thermoacoustic instability 12.3 Control of thermoacoustic instability using methodologies from synchronization theory 12.3.1 Mitigation of thermoacoustic instability using amplitude death phenomenon 12.3.2 Open-loop control of thermoacoustic instability through asynchronous quenching 12.4 Identification of critical regions in the spatial reacting field 12.5 References 13 Oscillatory Instabilities in Other Fluid Systems 13.1 Aeroacoustic instabilities 13.2 Aeroelastic instabilities 13.3 References 14 Summary and Perspective 14.1 Temporal analysis 14.2 Spatiotemporal analysis 14.3 Mitigation Strategies 14.3.1 Evasion 14.3.2 Strategies based on the framework of synchronization theory 14.3.3 Smart passive control 14.4 Future issues 14.5 Final thoughts 14.6 References
£123.49
Springer Nature Switzerland AG The Surface Wettability Effect on Phase Change
Book SynopsisThe Surface Wettability Effect on Phase Change collects high level contributions from internationally recognised scientists in the field. It thoroughly explores surface wettability, with topics spanning from the physics of phase change, physics of nucleation, mesoscale modeling, analysis of phenomena such drop evaporation, boiling, local heat flux at triple line, Leidenfrost, dropwise condensation, heat transfer enhancement, freezing, icing. All the topics are treated by discussing experimental results, mathematical modeling and numerical simulations. In particular, the numerical methods look at direct numerical simulations in the framework of VOF simulations, phase-field simulations and molecular dynamics. An introduction to equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics of phase change, wetting phenomena, liquid interfaces, numerical simulation of wetting phenomena and phase change is offered for readers who are less familiar in the field. This book will be of interest to researchers, academics, engineers, and postgraduate students working in the area of thermofluids, thermal management, and surface technology.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- The Physics of Phase Change.- Wettability and Interfaces.- Evaporation.- Boiling.- Condensation.- Freezing.- Colloidal Transition.- Nanoscale Effects.
£132.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG The Effects of Dust and Heat on Photovoltaic
Book SynopsisThis book discusses how to reduce the impact of dust and heat on photovoltaic systems. It presents the problems caused by both dust accumulation and heat on PV systems, as well as the solutions, in a collected piece of literature. The Effects of Dust and Heat on Photovoltaic Modules: Impacts and Solutions begins by discussing the properties of dust accumulation on PV modules. It then presents several solutions to this, such as hydrophobic coatings and surface texturing. The second half of the book is used to discuss the effects of heat on silicon PV modules, as well as various cooling approaches. These include water cooling and carbon-based materials. Due to the prevalence of PV systems in renewable energy, this book will be of interest to numerous students, researchers and practitioners. Table of ContentsDust Deposition on PV Modules and its Characteristics.- Organic Super Hydrophobic Coating for PV Modules.- Inorganic Super Hydrophobic Coating for PV Modules.- Surface Texturing for Super Hydrophobic Surface.- Super Hydrophilic Surface Coating For PV Modules.- Dust Properties and Characterization.- Heat Effect on Silicon PV Modules.- Cooling Approaches for Silicon PV Modules.- Thermoelectric Coupled Silicon PV Modules.- Water Cooling of PV Modules.- Carbon Based Materials for PV Cooling.- Heat Effect on the PV Encapsulation.
£95.60
Springer Nature Switzerland AG The Technology of Pressurized Water Reactors:
Book SynopsisThis book offers a complete panorama of the pressurized water reactor industry, beginning from its origin in the USA and the realization of nuclear engines for naval propulsion, to its most recent developments in the field of civil energy production, particularly in France with the 56 reactors of the multinational electric utility company, Electricité de France (EDF). This comprehensive two-volume masterwork features detailed descriptions of all the crucial components driving a pressurized water nuclear reactor. Volume 1 deals with the main components, such as the main primary circuit, the reactor core, and the steam generators. Volume 2 covers the secondary circuit and the cold source, including components such as the turbine, condenser, alternator, transformers and power supply. Written by Serge Marguet, a leading specialist in reactor physics and author of several books on the subject, this book draws on his experience of more than 35 years in research and development at EDF, a global leader in civil nuclear energy. Featuring a richly illustrated, full-color iconography, as well as a detailed index and bibliography, The Technology of Pressurized Water Reactors is an indispensable work for seasoned nuclear energy professionals, as well as inquisitive newcomers to the field.Table of ContentsHistory of the pressurized water reactor type.- The nuclear island.- The primary circuit.- The vessel and its internals.- Reactor core and fuel.- The secondary circuit.- The main circuits.- The turbine-generator unit and electricity production.- Towards the pressurized water reactors of the 21st century.
£237.49
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Single- and Two-Phase Flow Pressure Drop and Heat
Book SynopsisThe book provides design engineers an elemental understanding of the variables that influence pressure drop and heat transfer in plain and micro-fin tubes to thermal systems using liquid single-phase flow in different industrial applications. It also provides design engineers using gas-liquid, two-phase flow in different industrial applications the necessary fundamentals of the two-phase flow variables. The author and his colleagues were the first to determine experimentally the very important relationship between inlet geometry and transition. On the basis of their results, they developed practical and easy to use correlations for the isothermal and non-isothermal friction factor (pressure drop) and heat transfer coefficient (Nusselt number) in the transition region as well as the laminar and turbulent flow regions for different inlet configurations and fin geometry. This work presented herein provides the thermal systems design engineer the necessary design tools. The author further presents a succinct review of the flow patterns, void fraction, pressure drop and non-boiling heat transfer phenomenon and recommends some of the well scrutinized modeling techniques.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Single-Phase Flow Experimental Setup .- Friction Factor Results in Plain Tube.- Proposed Correlations for Friction Factor in Plain Tube.- Heat Transfer Results in Plain Tube.- Proposed Correlations for Heat Transfer in Plain Tube.- Simultaneous Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Analysis.- Friction Factor Results in Micro-fin Tubes.- Proposed Correlations for Friction Factor in Micro-fin Tubes.- Heat Transfer Results in Micro-fin Tubes.- Proposed Correlations for Heat Transfer in Micro-fin Tubes.
£125.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Multiphase Equilibria of Complex Reservoir
Book SynopsisThis short monograph focuses on the theoretical backgrounds and practical implementations concerning the thermodynamic modeling of multiphase equilibria of complex reservoir fluids using cubic equations of state. It aims to address the increasing needs of multiphase equilibrium calculations that arise in the compositional modeling of multiphase flow in reservoirs and wellbores. It provides a state-of-the-art coverage on the recent improvements of cubic equations of state. Considering that stability test and flash calculation are two basic tasks involved in any multiphase equilibrium calculations, it elaborates on the rigorous mathematical frameworks dedicated to stability test and flash calculation. A special treatment is given to the new algorithms that are recently developed to perform robust and efficient three-phase equilibrium calculations.This monograph will be of value to graduate students who conduct research in the field of phase behavior, as well as software engineers who work on the development of multiphase equilibrium calculation algorithms. Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction.- Chapter 2. Cubic Equation of States.- Chapter 3. Phase Stability Test.- Chapter 4. Flash Calculations.- Chapter 5. Multiphase Equilibrium Calculations.
£103.30
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Exergy Analysis of the Air Handling Unit at
Book SynopsisThis book explore how exergy analysis can be an important tool for assessing the sustainability of buildings.Building's account or around 40 percent of total energy conditions depending on local climatic conditions. Due to its nature, exergy analysis should become a valuable tool for the assessment of building sustainability, first of all considering their scope and the dependence of their energy demands on the local environmental and climatic conditions.Nonetheless, methodological bottlenecks do exist and a solution to some of them is proposed in this monograph. First and foremost, there is the still-missing thermodynamically viable method to apply the variable reference environment temperature in exergy analysis. The monograph demonstrates that a correct approach to the directions of heat exergy flows, when the reference temperature is considered variable, allows reflecting the specifics of energy transformation processes in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in a thermodynamically viable way. The outcome of the case analysis, which involved coordinated application of methodologies based on the Carnot factor and coenthalpies, was exergy analysis indicators – exergy efficiency and exergy destroyed – obtained for air handling units and their components. These methods can be used for the purposes of analysing and improving building technical systems that, as a rule, operate at a variable environment temperature. Exergy analysis becomes more reliable in designing dynamic models of such systems and their exergy-based control algorithms. This would improve the possibility to deploy them in building information modelling (BIM) technologies and the application of life cycle analysis (LCA) principles in designing buildings, thus improving the quality of the decision-making process. Furthermore, this would benefit other systems where variable reference environment plays a key role.This book is relevant to academics, students and researchers in the field of thermodynamic analysis considering HVAC equipment, building energy systems, energy efficiency, sustainable development of technical systems of energy, mechanics, and construction, as well as preservation of natural resources. Planners, designers, engineers of HVAC equipment, building energy systems, and developers of appropriate simulation tools (e.g., BIM) will also find it of use.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Theoretical bases of exergy analysis with variable reference temperature.- Heat recovery exchanger of air handling unit.- Air handling unit heat pump operation modes.- Comparative exergy analysis of air handling unit cases.- Seasonal exergy efficiency of an air handling unit.
£104.49
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Essentials of Heat and Fluid Flow in Porous Media
Book SynopsisThis textbook provides a general overview of porous media flow, and introduces various theoretical tools to characterize and predict the flow. It has been written for graduate and advanced graduate students in various engineering disciplines. It includes the topics such as fluid flow, conduction, convection, and radiation in porous media as well as porous medium aspects of biological systems. The concepts are supported by numerous solved examples to aid self-learning in students. The textbook also contains illustrated diagrams for better understanding of the concepts. This textbook will be useful for the core course of "Flow through Porous media" for graduate and advanced graduate students in various engineering disciplines. This textbook will also serve as a refresher course for researchers who are engaged in research related to porous media flow.Table of ContentsBasic Concepts.- Heat Conduction in Porous Medium.- Fluid Flow through a Porous Medium.- Forced Convection through Porous Medium.- Natural Convection through Porous Medium.
£49.49
Springer International Publishing AG Numerical Modelling and Optimization in Advanced
Book SynopsisThis book presents different numerical modeling and nature-inspired optimization methods in advanced manufacturing processes for understanding the process characteristics. Particular emphasis is devoted to applications in non-conventional machining, nano-finishing, precision casting, porous biofabrication, three-dimensional printing, and micro-/nanoscale modeling. The book includes practical implications of empirical, analytical, and numerical models for predicting the vital output responses. Especial attention is given to finite element methods (FEMs) for understanding the design of novel highly complex engineering products, their performances, and behaviors under simulated processing conditions.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Parametric Appraisal of Plastic Injection Moulding for Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE): A Novel Taguchi based Honey Badger Algorithm and Capuchin Search Algorithm (Siddharth Jeet).- Chapter 2. A Comparison of ferrofluid flow models for a curved rough porous circular squeeze film considering slip velocity and various shapes (Jimit R. Patel).- Chapter 3. Simulation and optimization study on polishing of spherical steel by non-Newtonian fluids (Duc-Nam Nguyen).- Chapter 4. 3D Modeling and Analysis of Femur Bone during Jogging and Stumbling Condition (Imran Ahemad Khan).- Chapter 5. On Parametric Optimization of TSE for PVDF-Graphene-MnZnO Composite Based Filament Fabrication for 3D /4D Printing Applications (Vinay Kumar).- Chapter 6. Multi-factor Optimization for Joining of Polylactic acid-Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan based Scaffolds by Rapid Joining Process (N. Ranjan).- Chapter 7. Analysis of Dimensional Accuracy of Fused Filament Fabrication Parts Using Genetic Algorithm and Taguchi Analysis (J.S. Chohan).- Chapter 8. Introduction to Optimization in Manufacturing Operations (Debojyoti Sarkar).- Chapter 9. Potential Application of CEM43℃ and Arrhenius Model in Neurosurgical Bone Grinding (Atul Babbar).- Chapter 10. An effective selection of laser cutter used in Stent manufacturing through Fuzzy TOPSIS
£134.99
Springer International Publishing AG Thermal and Statistical Physics: Concepts and
Book SynopsisThis textbook presents the fundamental concepts and theories in thermal physics and elementary statistical mechanics in a very simple, systematic and comprehensive way. This book is written in a way that it presents the topics in a holistic manner with end-of-chapter exercises and examples where concepts are supported by numerous solved examples and multiple-choice questions to aid self-learning. The textbook also contains illustrated diagrams for better understanding of the concepts. The book will benefit students who are taking introductory courses in thermal physics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- The Laws of Thermodynamics.- Second Law of Thermodynamics.- Entropy.- Thermodynamic Potentials and Maxwell Relations.- Kinetic Theory of Gases.- Real Gases.- Applications to Some Irreversible Changes, Cooling of Real Gases.- Theory of Radiation.- Elementary Statistical Mechanics.
£40.49
Springer International Publishing AG Problems and Solutions in Thermal Engineering:
Book SynopsisThis book is a collection of over 225 multiple choice type questions (MCQs) and more than 40 practice/exam questions with solutions. This book complements a 2-volume textbook set titled Thermal Engineering by the same author. The answers are adequately supported by well-illustrated diagrams wherever necessary for better understanding of the concepts. The book also included steam tables as an appendix to aid in problem solving .This book proves useful for undergraduate students of mechanical engineering and related disciplines. The book is used in conjunction with the author's textbook set on thermal engineering or as a supplement to other core textbooks and lecture materials. It is used to support classroom teaching or as a self-study guide. The problem-solution format also proves useful for students and professionals involved in exam prep for graduate university entrance tests and professional certifications. Table of ContentsBasic of Thermodynamics.- First Law of Thermodynamics.- Second Law of Thermodynamics.- Entropy.- Properties of Pure Substance.- Vapor Power Cycles.- IC Engines.- Gas Turbine.
£62.99
Springer International Publishing AG Machine Learning and Its Application to Reacting Flows: ML and Combustion
Book SynopsisThis open access book introduces and explains machine learning (ML) algorithms and techniques developed for statistical inferences on a complex process or system and their applications to simulations of chemically reacting turbulent flows.These two fields, ML and turbulent combustion, have large body of work and knowledge on their own, and this book brings them together and explain the complexities and challenges involved in applying ML techniques to simulate and study reacting flows. This is important as to the world’s total primary energy supply (TPES), since more than 90% of this supply is through combustion technologies and the non-negligible effects of combustion on environment. Although alternative technologies based on renewable energies are coming up, their shares for the TPES is are less than 5% currently and one needs a complete paradigm shift to replace combustion sources. Whether this is practical or not is entirely a different question, and an answer to this question depends on the respondent. However, a pragmatic analysis suggests that the combustion share to TPES is likely to be more than 70% even by 2070. Hence, it will be prudent to take advantage of ML techniques to improve combustion sciences and technologies so that efficient and “greener” combustion systems that are friendlier to the environment can be designed. The book covers the current state of the art in these two topics and outlines the challenges involved, merits and drawbacks of using ML for turbulent combustion simulations including avenues which can be explored to overcome the challenges. The required mathematical equations and backgrounds are discussed with ample references for readers to find further detail if they wish. This book is unique since there is not any book with similar coverage of topics, ranging from big data analysis and machine learning algorithm to their applications for combustion science and system design for energy generation. Table of ContentsIntroduction.- ML Algorithms, Techniques and their Application to Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations.- Big Data Analysis, Analytics & ML role.- ML for SGS Turbulence (including scalar flux) Closures.- ML for Combustion Chemistry.- Applying CNNs to model SGS flame wrinkling in thickened flame LES (TFLES).- Machine Learning Strategy for Subgrid Modelling of Turbulent Combustion using Linear Eddy Mixing based Tabulation.- MILD Combustion–Joint SGS FDF.- Machine Learning for Principal Component Analysis & Transport.- Super Resolution Neural Network for Turbulent non-premixed Combustion.- ML in Thermoacoustics.- Concluding Remarks & Outlook.
£30.15
Springer International Publishing AG Fundamentals of Computational Fluid Dynamics: The
Book Synopsis This book presents the developments of the finite volume method applied to fluid flows, starting from the foundations of the method and reaching the latest approaches using unstructured grids. It helps students learn progressively, creating a strong background on CFD. The text is divided into two parts. The first one is about the basic concepts of the finite volume method, while the second one presents the formulation of the finite volume method for any kind of domain discretization. In the first part of the text, for the sake of simplicity, the developments are done using the Cartesian coordinate system, without prejudice to the complete understanding. The second part extends this knowledge to curvilinear and unstructured grids. As such, the book contains material for introductory courses on CFD for under and graduate students, as well as for more advanced students and researchers.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Conservation Equations Physical and Mathematical Aspects.- Chapter 3. The Finite Volume Method.- Chapter 4. Solution of the Linear System.- Chapter 5. Advection and Diffusion Interpolation Functions.- Chapter 6. .- Three-Dimensional Advection/Diffusion of.- Chapter 7. Finding the Velocity Field Pressure-Velocity Couplings.- Chapter 8. All Speed Flows Calculation Coupling.- Chapter 9. Two and Three-Dimensional Parabolic Flows.- Chapter 10. General Recommendations for Conceiving and Testing Your Code.- Chapter 11. Introducing General Grids Discretization.- Chapter 12. Coordinate Transformation General Curvilinear Coordinate Systems.- Chapter 13. Unstructured Grids.- Chapter 14. Pressure Instabilities from Navier-Stokes to Biot’s Consolidation.- Chapter 15. Applications
£85.49
Springer International Publishing AG Thermodynamics: Basic Principles and Engineering
Book SynopsisThis new edition is designed for a one semester introductory course in thermodynamics, either in mechanical or aerospace engineering, or in an engineering science program. The book contains a section on the geometry of curves and surfaces, in order to review those parts of calculus that are needed in thermodynamics for discussing the thermodynamic equations of state of simple compressible substances, and their approximation by linear interpolation. It presents the First Law of Thermodynamics as an equation for the time rate of change of system energy, the same way that Newton’s Law of Motion, an equation for the time rate of change of system momentum, is presented in Dynamics, and presents the Second Law mathematically as a lower bound for the time rate of change of system entropy. Moreover, this emphasis illustrates the importance of thermodynamics to the study of heat transfer and fluid mechanics. These laws and the associated new thermodynamic properties, energy and entropy, are introduced with extended motivating discussions rather than as abstract postulates, and connections are made with kinetic theory. Thermodynamic properties of the vaporizable liquids- condensible gases needed for the solution of practical thermodynamic problems (e.g. water and a typical refrigerant) are presented in a unique tabular format that is both simple to understand and easy to use. All theoretical discussions throughout the book are accompanied by worked examples illustrating their use in practical devices. These examples of the solution of various kinds of thermodynamic problems are all structured in exactly the same way in order to make, as a result of the repetition, the solution of new problems easier for students to follow, and ultimately, to produce themselves. Many additional problems are provided, half of them with answers, for students to do on their own.Table of ContentsMeasurements and Properties of Matter.- Equilibrium.- Work and Heat.- The First Law.- The Second Law.- Power and Refrigeration.- A Thermodynamic Properties: English Units.- B Thermodynamic Properties: SI Units.
£75.99
Springer International Publishing AG Geothermal Heat Pump Systems
Book SynopsisThis book presents an overview of geothermal heating systems using ground source heat pumps in different countries. It evaluates the emissions and energy costs generated by the operation of low enthalpy geothermal systems, with heat pumps fed by different energy sources, and assesses, from an international point of view, those policies whose aim is a sustainable, low-carbon economy.The use of low-impact energy sources is gradually growing with the aim of reducing greenhouse gases emission and air pollution. The alternatives offered by geothermal systems are one of the key solutions for a future renewable development, enabling the electrification of heating systems and the use of biofuels.The book will be of interest to energy professionals and researchers.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Geothermal heating systems and heat pumps.- Energy sources to supply a geothermal heat pump.- Economics of heat pumps.- Polygeneration systems.
£107.99
Springer International Publishing AG Fundamentals of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems:
Book SynopsisFundamentals of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems: Design and Application is written for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in renewable energy and heat transfer. This classroom-tested text covers ground heat exchanger modeling, secondary loop ground-source system design, pumping energy, thermal response testing, commercial building applications, and horizontal and groundwater ground heat exchangers. The book is oriented to practical applications, including the economic analysis of ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems, but more theoretical sections are provided covering research-related geothermal applications. Chapters on heat transfer fundamentals and heat pump concepts are included for readers less familiar with thermal engineering concepts. A chapter covering the economic analysis of GSHP systems is also included. All of the examples and problems in the book are solved using the open-source Python programming language.The book will provide students in geothermal energy courses with a solid understanding of the subject. It will also be a valuable reference for professionals working in the field of renewable energy.Table of ContentsGeothermal Energy.- Heat Transfer Fundamentals and Building Loads.- Introduction to Heat Pumps.- Ground Heat Exchanger Modeling Outside the Borehole.- Ground Heat Exchanger Modeling Inside the Borehole.- Design of Secondary Loop Ground-Source Systems.- Pumping Energy.- Introduction to Commercial Buildings Applications.- Thermal Response Tests (TRT).- Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger.- Groundwater Ground Heat Exchangers.- Economic Analysis.- Advanced Topics in GSHP Analysis.- Appendix A: Heat Pump Performance Ratings.- Appendix B: DR-Nominal Sizes.- Appendix C: Hardy-Cross Method.- Appendix D: Python Libraries.
£71.99
Springer International Publishing AG 3rd International Conference on Thermal Issues in
Book SynopsisThis open access conference proceedings contains all the papers presented at the ICTIMT 2023, the 3rd International Conference on Thermal Issues in Machine Tools. The event takes place in Dresden, the capital of Saxony, from March 21-23 2023. The conference is organized by the Chair of Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Controls of the Technische Universität Dresden.Table of ContentsThermal interactions between workpiece, tool, machine.- Testing and simulation methods to identify thermal errors.- Reference workpieces and assessment.- Energy efficient compensation and correction of thermal errors.- Improving thermal robustness of machine tools through design changes.- Thermo-energetic optimization of machine tools.
£40.49
Springer International Publishing AG 3rd International Conference on Thermal Issues in
Book SynopsisThis open access conference proceedings contains all the papers presented at the ICTIMT 2023, the 3rd International Conference on Thermal Issues in Machine Tools. The event takes place in Dresden, the capital of Saxony, from March 21-23 2023. The conference is organized by the Chair of Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Controls of the Technische Universität Dresden.Table of ContentsThermal interactions between workpiece, tool, machine.- Testing and simulation methods to identify thermal errors.- Reference workpieces and assessment.- Energy efficient compensation and correction of thermal errors.- Improving thermal robustness of machine tools through design changes.- Thermo-energetic optimization of machine tools.
£31.49
Springer International Publishing AG Heat Conduction
Book SynopsisThis textbook presents the classical topics of conduction heat transfer and extends the coverage to include chapters on perturbation methods, heat transfer in living tissue, numerical solutions using MATLAB®, and microscale conduction. This makes the book unique among the many published textbooks on conduction heat transfer. Other noteworthy features of the book are: The material is organized to provide students with the tools to model, analyze, and solve a wide range of engineering applications involving conduction heat transfer. Mathematical techniques and numerical solvers are explained in a clear and simplified fashion to be used as instruments in obtaining solutions. The simplicity of one-dimensional conduction is used to drill students in the role of boundary conditions and to explore a variety of physical conditions that are of practical interest. Examples are carefully selected to illustrate the application of principles and construction of solutions. Students are trained to follow a systematic problem-solving methodology with emphasis on thought process, logic, reasoning, and verification. Solutions to all examples and end-of-chapter problems follow an orderly problem-solving approach. An extensive solution manual for verifiable course instructors can be provided on request. Please send your request to heattextbook@gmail.com Table of ContentsBasic Concepts.- One-Dimensional Steady State Conduction.- Two-Dimensional Steady State Conduction.- Transient Conduction.- Conduction in Porous Media.- Conduction with Phase Change: Moving Boundary Problems.- Non-Linear Conduction Problems.- Approximate Solutions: The Integral Method.- Perturbation Solutions.- Numerical Solutions Using Matlab.- Heat Transfer in Living Tissue.- Microscale Conduction.
£80.99
Springer Aircraft Cryogenics
Book Synopsis
£104.49
De Gruyter Thermodynamics of Biological Processes
Table of ContentsFrontmatter -- List of authors -- Preface -- Contents -- I. General Problems of Biological Thermodynamics -- Introduction -- Application of the Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics in Biology -- The Second Law, Negentropy, Thermodynamics of Linear Irreversible Processes -- Formalism of Non-Equilibrium Phenomenolagical Thermodynamics -- II. Qualitative Phenomenological Theory of the Development of Organisms -- Introduction -- Experimental Basis for Qualitative Phenomenological Theory of Development -- Theoretical Basis for a Qualitative Phenomenological Theory of Development -- Stochastic Consideration of Constitutive Processes and of the Evolution Criterion -- Strengthened Evolution Criterion in Developmental Biology -- III. Quantitative Phenomenological Theory of Development of Organisms -- Introduction -- Non-Linear Phenomenological Equations -- Differential Equations of Developmental Biology -- Computer Analysis of Non-Linear Growth Equations -- Modern Theories Concerning the Growth Equations -- IV. Heat Production of Living Systems -- Introduction -- Heat Production in Life Processes -- The Change of ?? the Function During the Growth of Microbial Cultures -- Changes of ?? and ?? Functions During Oogenesis of Xenopus Laevis -- Heat Production and Respiration During Development and Growth of two Insects -- Heat Production and Respiration of Axolotle at the Early Stages of Growth -- Relationship Between Heat Production and Body Weight in Growing Organisms -- V. Some Problems of Energetics of Developmental Processes -- Introduction -- Changes in Mitochondria During Development and Growth of Animals -- The Role of Mitochondria in Regulation of Respiration During Oogenesis -- The Energetics of Regeneration Processes -- VI. Dissipative Structures -- Introduction -- Review of the Theory of Dissipative Structures -- Stationary Dissipative Structures -- Dynamic Dissipative Structures -- Dissipative Structures and ?? Function -- The Role of Cyclization of Free Energy in Bio-Physico-Chemical Processes -- VII. Probability State and Orderliness of Biological Systems -- Introduction -- Possible Mechanism of the Origin of Bacteria -- Direction of the Evolutionary Progress of Organisms -- Criterion of Orderliness and some Problems of Taxonomy -- The Questions of Non-Linearity for Using Criterion of Orderliness -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Index -- Backmatter
£172.90
De Gruyter Chemical Reaction Technology
Book SynopsisThe book discusses the sciences of operations, converting raw materials into desired products on an industrial scale by applying chemical transformations and other industrial technologies. Basics of chemical technology combining chemistry, physical transport, unit operations and chemical reactors are thoroughly prepared for an easy understanding.
£63.18
de Gruyter Physikalische Chemie Kapieren
Book Synopsis
£50.96
de Gruyter NonEquilibrium Thermodynamics
Book Synopsis
£60.30
De Gruyter Process Engineering: Addressing the Gap between Study and Chemical Industry
Book Synopsis"Reading the book, you can feel the long practical experience of the author. The text is easy to read, even where concepts can be complex. The strong theoretical background of the author is well known from other publications. In this book, however, the topics are presented on a level that every engineer and scientist in the chemical industry and process industry should know and can understand... This book would have been very helpful at the beginning of my career to close the addressed gap. Therefore, I can strongly recommend it not only to all students close to their degree, but also to engineers and scientists just starting their industrial career in the related industrial sectors that are subsumed under the term process industry (chemical or petrochemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, food industry, biochemical industry, environmental technology, etc.). The book is like an investment. Doing a better job and getting a better job evaluation might pay for the book …" Prof. Dr.-Ing. Claus Fleischer, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences Process Engineering is based on almost 30 years of practical experience of the author in process simulation, design and development. The book is a missing link between students and practitioners. The author has coached many graduates in their first months and knows what the typical questions are. Coming from the university, graduates often do not know which relevance their knowledge has and how to apply it in real life, whereas established practitioners often stick to the narrow way of their experience, forgetting that science continuously makes progress. There is a gap to be bridged. From his own professional experience, the author covers many topics of the process engineering business, but three guest contributions are a valuable supplement to the content of the third edition. Already in the 2nd edition, Verena Haas from BASF SE wrote an excellent chapter on dynamic process simulation. For the new 3rd edition, Gökce Adali and Michael Benje added two chapters on digitalization and patents, respectively. Preparing the reader for the everyday business!
£86.45
de Gruyter Physikalische Chemie Kapieren
Book Synopsis
£50.96
de Gruyter Thermal Engineering
Book Synopsis
£49.05
