Electronics: circuits and components Books
Lutterworth Press Integrated Circuits How to Make Them Work
Book Synopsis
£19.80
IOP Publishing Ltd Pipelined Analog to Digital Converter and Fault
Book SynopsisAn ideal reference for graduate students and researchers within electrical, electronics and computer engineering, this book provides a rigorous, theoretical and mathematical analysis for the design of pipelined ADCs, along with detailed practical aspects of implementing it in very large-scale integration (VLSI). In each chapter a unique fault diagnosis technique for pipelined ADC has been proposed.
£108.00
IOP Publishing PIPELINED ANALOG DIGITAL CONVERTER FAUPB
Book Synopsis
£23.75
Institute of Physics Publishing Practical Analog Digital and Embedded Electronics
Book SynopsisThis book is different to other electronics texts available. First, it is short. Created for a one-semester course taken by physics students, both undergraduate and graduate it includes only the essentials and covers those topics only as deeply as needed in order to understand the material in the integrated laboratory exercises. Unlike many electronics texts for physics students, this one does not delve into the physics of devices. Instead, these are largely treated as black boxes having certain properties that are important to know for designing circuits. The physics comes when the students use their acquired electronics instrumentation knowledge to construct apparatus to make measurements. Since the detailed physics has been left out, this book should be equally useful for students in any of the physical or life sciences. This is the first textbook aimed at the non-electrical engineering student, that has both the generality on analog and digital electronics circuits, coupled to t
£67.50
IOP Publishing Practical Analog Digital and Embedded Electronics
Book Synopsis
£23.75
Institute of Physics Publishing Advances in Image and Data Processing using VLSI
Book SynopsisVLSI is a well-established field of research that ignited the modern computing revolution. Serving as a guide to future developments, this book provides a framework for design, modeling concepts, and application of Image Processing based systems using VLSI design techniques. This volume focuses on a range of topics including object detection, recognition, smart traffic management, surveillance systems, face detection, gesture-based automated systems, and smart cities based on automated cameras. The book will help the research community to get in-depth knowledge of various systems that can be designed with image processing techniques using hardware.Key Features: Describes concepts of state-of-the-art Image processing-based VLSI Design. Describes the Hardware implementation of image and video processing algorithms. Offers real-time hardware system design for smart cities Develops dedicated ha
£108.00
IOP Publishing Advances in Image and Data Processing using VLSI
Book Synopsis
£23.75
IOP Publishing Ltd Advances in Image and Data Processing using VLSI
Book Synopsis
£108.00
IOP Publishing Advances in Image and Data Processing using VLSI
Book Synopsis
£23.75
CRC Press Newnes Industrial Control Wiring Guide
Book SynopsisThis Newnes manual provides a practical introduction to the standard methods and techniques of assembly and wiring of electrical and electromechanical control panels and equipment. Electricians and technicians will find this a useful reference during training and a helpful memory aid at work. This is a highly illustrated guide, designed for ready use. The contents are presented in pictures and checklists. Each page has a series of 'how-to' instructions and illustrations. In this way the subject is covered in a manner which is easy to follow. Each step adds up to a comprehensive course in control panel wiring.This new edition includes extra underlying theory to help the technician plus application notes and limitations of use. Simple programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are covered, as well as new information about EMC/EMI regulations and their impact.Trade ReviewThis is a highly illustrated guide, designed for ready use. The contents are presented in pictures and checklists. Each page has a series of 'how-to' instructions and illustrations. In this way the subject is covered in a manner which is easy to follow.Each step adds up to a comprehensive course in control panel wiring. - Electrical Review, April 1995 - Control & Instrumentation, April 1995Table of ContentsChapter 1 Safety; Chapter 2 Drawings; Chapter 3 Wire Types and Preparation; Chapter 4 Soldering and Termination; Chapter 5 Cable Forming; Chapter 6 Connections and Routing; Chapter 7 Hardware; Chapter 8 Components (Active); Chapter 9 Components (Passive); Chapter 10 Switches and Lamps; Chapter 11 Earthing and Screening; Chapter 12 PLC Wiring;
£45.59
Elsevier Science The Art and Science of Analog Circuit Design
Book SynopsisA companion to "Analog Circuit Design: Art, Science, and Personalities", this volume presents viewpoints on subjects related to analog circuit design. It includes visualizing operation of analog circuits. It also describes troubleshooting for optimum circuit performance, and demonstrates how to produce a saleable product.Table of ContentsPart One - Learning How; Part Two - Making It Work; Part Three - Selling It; Part Four - Guidance and Commentary.
£41.85
Elsevier Science & Technology Understanding Fabless IC Technology
Book SynopsisFabless (no fabrication) IC (integrated circuit) techniques are growing rapidly. 'Fabless' ICs are those designed and marketed by one company but actually manufactured by another. This book discusses such topics as negotiating with outside fabrication companies, choosing the right electronic design tools, and maintaining quality control.Table of ContentsPART 1 – Manufacturing Strategies: Understanding Fabless IC Technology Chapter 1: More than a Decade of Transition in the Semiconductor Industry Chapter 2: Fabless Semiconductor Manufacturing Chapter 3: Qualities of Successful Fabless Companies PART 2 – An In-Depth Understanding of the Fabless Semiconductor Business Model Chapter 4: Semiconductor Manufacturing Basics Chapter 5: Fabless ASICs Chapter 6: Electronic Design Automation Chapter 7: Intellectual Property Chapter 8: e- Commerce Chapter 9: Quality and Reliability Chapter 10: Test Development PART 3 – Becoming a Best-in-Class Fabless Company Chapter 11: Best Practices for Fabless Companies Chapter 12: Building the Right Partnerships Chapter 13: Building the Right Relationships with the board and VCs PART 4- The Fabless Business Model: A Look into the Future Chapter 14: Perspectives in the Future of Fabless
£46.49
Elsevier Science Analog Circuits
Book SynopsisHighlights basic design concepts that can be adapted to technology as well as design material specific to what is happening in the field of analog circuits. This book includes design practices for op amps, feedback loops, and various types of filters.Trade Review"The book provides good background material on topics like feedback control and stability, and it presents the basics of op-amp topologies and data conversion." --Rick Nelson, Test & Measurement World.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Review of Feedback SystemsChapter 2: My Approach to Feedback Loop DesignChapter 3: Basic Operational Amplifier Topologies and a Case StudyChapter 4: Finding the Perfect Op Amp for your Perfect CircuitChapter 5: Review of Passive Components and a Case Study in PC Board LayoutChapter 6: Analog Lowpass FilterChapter 7: Highpass FiltersChapter 8: NoiseChapter 9: How to Design Circuits Without a Computer or Lots of PpaerChapter 10: Bandpass FiltersChapter 11: Bandstop FiltersChapter 12: Current Feedback AmplifiersChapter 13: The Basics Behind Analog-to-Digital ConvertersChapter 14: The Right ADC for the Right ApplicationChapter 15: Working the Analog Problem from the Digital DomainChapter 16: What's All This Error Budget Stuff, Anyhow?Chapter 17: What's All This Vbe Stuff, Anyhow?Chapter 18: The Zoo Circuit
£36.09
John Wiley & Sons Inc Monolithic PhaseLocked Loops and Clock Recovery
Book SynopsisFeaturing an extensive 40 page tutorial introduction, this carefully compiled anthology of 65 of the most important papers on phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuits brings you comprehensive coverage of the field-all in one self-contained volume. You''ll gain an understanding of the analysis, design, simulation, and implementation of phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuits in CMOS and bipolar technologies along with valuable insights into the issues and trade-offs associated with phase locked systems for high speed, low power, and low noise.Table of ContentsPreface. Design of Monolithic Phase-Locked Loops and Clock Recovery Circuits—A Tutorial (B. Razavi). BASIC THEORY. Theory of AFC Synchronization (W. Gruen). Color-Carrier Reference Phase Synchronization Accuracy in NTSC Color Television (D. Richman). Charge-Pump Phase-Locked Loops (F. Gardner). z-Domain Model for Discrete-Time PLLs (J. Hein & J. Scott). Analyze PLLs with Discrete Time Modeling (J. Kovacs). Properties of Frequency Difference Detectors (F. Gardner). Frequency Detectors for PLL Acquisition in Timing and Carrier Recovery (D. Messerschmitt). Analysis of Phase-Locked Timing Extraction Circuits for Pulse Code Transmission (E. Roza). Optimization of Phase-Locked Loop Performance in Data Recovery Systems (R. Co & J. Mulligan). Noise Properties of PLL Systems (V. Kroupa). PLL/DLL System Noise Analysis for Low Jitter Clock Synthesizer Design (B. Kim, et al.). Practical Approach Augurs PLL Noise in RF Synthesizers (M. O'Leary). The Effects of Noise in Oscillators (E. Hafner). A Simple Model of Feedback Oscillator Noise Spectrum (D. Leeson). Noise in Relaxation Oscillators (A. Abidi & R. Meyer). Analysis of Timing Jitter in CMOS Ring Oscillators (T. Weigandt, et al.). Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation of Phase Noise in Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators (B. Razavi). BUILDING BLOCKS. Start-up and Frequency Stability in High-Frequency Oscillators (N. Nguyen & R. Meyer). MOS Oscillators with Multi-Decade Tuning Range and Gigahertz Maximum Speed (M. Banu). A Bipolar 1 GHz Multi-Decade Monolithic Variable-Frequency Oscillator (J. Wu). A Digital Phase and Frequency Sensitive Detector (J. Brown). A 3-State Phase Detector Can Improve Your Next PLL Design (C. Sharpe). GaAs Monolithic Phase/Frequency Discriminator (I. Shahriary, et al.). A New Phase-Locked Loop Timing Recovery Method for Digital Regenerators (J. Bellisio). A Phase-Locked Loop with Digital Frequency Comparator for Timing Signal Recovery (J. Afonso, et al.). Clock Recovery from Random Binary Signals (J. Alexander). A Si Bipolar Phase and Frequency Detector IC for Clock Extraction up to 8 Gb/s (A. Pottbacker, et al.). A Self-Correcting Clock Recovery Circuit (C. Hogge). MODELING AND SIMULATION. An Integrated PLL Clock Generator for 275 MHz Graphic Displays (G. Gutierrez & D. DeSimone). The Macro Modeling of Phase-Locked Loopes for the SPICE Simulator (M. Sitkowski). Modeling and Simulation of an Analog Charge Pump Phase-Locked Loop (S. Can & Y. Sahinkaya). Mixed-Mode Simulation of Phase-Locked Loops (B. Antao, et al.). Behavioral Representation for VCO and Detectors in Phase-Lock Systems (E. Liu & A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli). Behavioral Simulation Techniques for Phase/Delay-Locked Systems (A. Demir, et al.). PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS. A Monolithic Phase-Locked Loop with Detection Processor (E. Murthi). A 200-MHz CMOS Phase-Locked Loop with Dual Phase Detectors (K. Ware, et al.). High-Frequency Phase-Locked Loops in Monolithic Bipolar Technology (M. Soyuer & R. Meyer). A 6-GHz Integrated Phase-Locked Loop Using AlGaAs/GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (A. Buchwald, et al.). A 6-GHz 60-mW BiCMOS Phase-Locked Loop with 2-V Supply (B. Razavi & J. Sung). Design of PLL-Based Clock Generation Circuits (D. Jeong). A Variable Delay Line PLL for CPU-Coprocessor Synchronization (M. Johnson & E. Hudson). A PLL Clock Generator with 5 to 110 MHz of Lock Range for Microprocessors (I. Young, et al.). A Wide-Bandwidth Low-Voltage PLL for PowerPC Microprocessors (J. Alvarez, et al.). A 30-128 MHz Frequency Synthesizer Standard Cell (R. Bitting & W. Repasky). Cell-Based Fully Integrated CMOS Frequency Synthesizers (D. Mijuskovic, et al.). Fully-Integrated CMOS Phase-Locked Loop with 15 to 240 MHz Locking Range and ±50 psec Jitter (I. Novof, et al.). PLL Design for a 500 MB/s Interface (M. Horowitz, et al.). CLOCK AND DATA RECOVERY CIRCUITS. An Analog PLL-Based Clock and Data Recovery Circuit with High Input Jitter Tolerance (S. Sun). A 30-MHz Hybrid Analog/Digital Clock Recovery Circuit in 2-μm CMOS (B. Kim, et al.). A BiCMOS PLL-Based Data Separator Circuit with High Stability and Accuracy (S. Miyazawa, et al.). A Versatile Clock Recovery Architecture and Monlithic Implementation (L. De Vito). A 155-MHz Clock Recovery Delay- and Phase-Locked Loop (T. Lee & J. Bulzacchelli). A Monolithic 156 Mb/s Clock and Data Recovery PLL Circuit using the Sample- and-Hold Technique (N. Ishihara & Y. Akazawa). A Monolithic 480 Mb/s Parallel AGC/Decision/Clock Recovery Circuit in 1.2-μm CMOS (T. Hu & P. Gray). A Monolithic 622 Mb/sec Clock Extraction and Data Retiming Circuit (B. Lai & R. Walker). A 660 Mb/s CMOS Clock Recovery Circuit with Instantaneous Locking for NRZ Data and Burst-Mode Transmission (M. Banu & A. Dunlop). A Monolithic 2.3-Gb/s 100-mW Clock and Data Recovery Circuit in Silicon Bipolar Technology (M. Soyuer). A 50 MHz Phase- and Frequency-Locked Loop (R. Cordell, et al.). NMOS ICs for Clock and Data Regeneration in Gigabit-per-Second Optical-Fiber Receivers (S. Enam & A. Abidi). A PLL-Based 2.5-Gb/s Clock and Data Regenerator IC (H. Ransijn & P. O'Connor). A 2.5-Gb/sec 15-mW BiCMOS Clock Recovery Circuit (B. Razavi & J. Sung). An 8 GHz Silicon Bipolar Clock Recovery and Data Regenerator IC (A. Pottbacker & U. Langmann). Author Index. Subject Index. Editor's Biography.
£174.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Modeling for Reliability Analysis
Book SynopsisMarkov modeling has long been accepted as a fundamental and powerful technique for the fault tolerance analysis of mission-critical applications. However, the elaborate computations required have often made Markov modeling too time-consuming to be of practical use on these complex systems. With this hands-on tool, designers can use the Markov modeling technique to analyze safety, reliability, maintainability, and cost-effectiveness factors in the full range of complex systems in use today. Featuring ground-breaking simulation software and a comprehensive reference manual, MARKOV MODELING FOR RELIABILITY ANALYSIS helps system designers surmount the mathematical computations that have previously prevented effective reliability analysis. The text and software compose a valuable self-study tool that is complete with detailed explanations, examples, and a library of Markov models that can be used for experiments and as derivations for new simulation models. The book details howTable of ContentsSeries Introduction. Preface. Introduction. System Requirements and Design. Foundations of Probability Theory. Basic Reliability Concepts. Basic Reliability Models. Markov Process Fundamentals. Hardware Reliability Modeling. Software Reliability Modeling. Combined Hardware-Software Reliability Modeling. Modeling of Large and Complex Systems. Maintainability Modeling. Availability Modeling. Safety Modeling. Markov Model Evaluation. Effectiveness Modeling. Support Analyses. Application Examples. Practical Design of Fault-Tolerant Systems. CARMS User's Guide. CARMS Model Library. CARMS Reference. Definitions and Acronyms. References. Index. About the Authors.
£142.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc EMC and the Printed Circuit Board Design Theory
Book SynopsisThis accessible, new reference work shows how and why RF energy is created within a printed circuit board and the manner in which propagation occurs. With lucid explanations, this book enables engineers to grasp both the fundamentals of EMC theory and signal integrity and the mitigation process needed to prevent an EMC event.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. EMC Fundamentals. EMC Inside the PCB. Components and EMC. Image Planes. Bypassing and Decoupling. Transmission Lines. Signal Integrity and Crosstalk. Trace Termination. Grounding. Glossary. Bibliography. Appendix A: The Decibel. Appendix B: Fourier Analysis. Appendix C: Conversion Tables. Appendix D: International EMC Requirements. Index. About the Author.
£125.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Design of HighPerformance Microprocessor Circuits
Book SynopsisThis book covers the design of next generation microprocessors in deep submicron CMOS technologies. The chapters in Design of High Performance Microprocessor Circuits were written by some of the world's leading technologists, designers, and researchers.Table of ContentsPreface. OVERVIEW. Impact of Physical Technology on Architecture (John H. Edmondson). TECHNOLOGY ISSUES. CMOS Scaling and Issues in SUB-0.25µm Systems (Yuan Taur). Techniques for Leakage Power Reduction (Vivek De, Yibin Ye, et al.). Low-Voltage Technologies (Tadahiro Kuroda and Takayasu Sakurai). SOI Technology and Circuits (Ghavam G. Shahidi, Fari Assaderaghi and Dimitri Antoniadis). Models of Process Variations in Device and Interconnect (Duane Boning and Sani Nassif). CIRCUIT STYLES FOR LOGIC. Basic Logic Families (Kerry Bernstein). Issues in Dynamic Logic Design (Paul Gronowski). Self-Timed Pipelines (Ted Williams). High-Speed VLSI Arithmetic Units: Adders and Multipliers (Vojin G. Oklobdzija). CLOCKING. Clocked Storage Elements (Hamid Partovi). Design of High-Speed CMOS PLLs and DLLs (John George Maneatis). Clock Distribution (Daniel W. Bailey). MEMORY SYSTEM DESIGN. Register Files and Caches (Ronald Preston). Embedded DRAM (Tadaaki Yamauchi and Michihiro Yamada). INTERCONNECT AND I/O. Analyzing On-Chip Interconnect Effects (Noel Menezes and Lawrence Pileggi). Techniques for Driving Interconnect (Shannon V. Morton). I/O and ESD Circuit Design (Stephen C. Thierauf and Warren R. Anderson). High-Speed Electrical Signaling (Stefanos Sidropoulos, Chih-Kong Ken Yang, and Mark Horowitz). RELIABILITY. Electromigration Reliability (J. Joseph Clement). Hot Carrier Reliability (Kaizad Mistry). CAD TOOLS AND TEST. Overview of Computer-Aided Design Tools (Yao-Tsung Yen). Timing Verification (Victor Peng). Design and Analysis of Power Distribution Networks (David Blaauw, Rajendran Panda, and Rajat Chaudhry). Testing of High-Performance Processors (Dilip K. Bhavsar). Index.
£197.06
CRC Press IoT and LowPower Wireless
Book SynopsisThe book offers unique insight into the modern world of wireless communication that included 5G generation, implementation in Internet of Things (IoT), and emerging biomedical applications. To meet different design requirements, gaining perspective on systems is important. Written by international experts in industry and academia, the intended audience is practicing engineers with some electronics background. It presents the latest research and practices in wireless communication, as industry prepares for the next evolution towards a trillion interconnected devices. The text further explains how modern RF wireless systems may handle such a large number of wireless devices. Covers modern wireless technologies (5G, IoT), and emerging biomedical applications Discusses novel RF systems, CMOS low power circuit implementation, antennae arrays, circuits for medical imaging, and many other emerging technologies in wireless co-space. Written Table of ContentsThe Internet of Things – Physical and Link Layers Overview. Low Power Wearable and Wireless Sensors for Advanced Healthcare Monitoring. Biomedical Algorithms for Wearable Monitoring. Approaches and Techniques for Maintenance and Operation of Multisink Wireless Sensor Networks. Energy Efficient Communication Solutions Based on Wake-Up Receivers. All Digital Noise-Shaping Time-to-Digital Converters for Mixed-Mode Signal Processing. Power Efficient CMOS Power Amplifiers for Wireless Applications. Injection Locking Techniques in Low Power Wireless Systems. Low-Power RF Digital PLLs with Direct Carrier Modulation. Frequency Synthesis Technique for 60GHz Multi-Gbps Wireless. 60GHz Multiuser Gigabits/s Wireless System Based on IEEE 802.11ad / WiGig. Adaptive and Efficient Power Management Structures for Inductive Power Delivery.
£137.75
IEEE Computer Society Press,U.S. DSPBased Testing of Analog and MixedSignal
Book SynopsisAnswers the commonly asked questions about how digital signal processing--based machines work and what role DSP plays in the process. It shows you how DSP performs in real--test situations and uses mathematical concepts rather than derivations.Table of ContentsPreface. Chapter 1: Introduction to DSP-Based Testing. Overview of Testing. Emulation versus Automation. Invisible Instruments. Numerical Vectors. Vector Transfer. Vector and Array Processing Speed. Processor Speed. Floating-Point Mathematics. Phase-Lock Synchronization. Representative Digitizer. DSP-Based Test Advantages Summarized. Price of Using DSP . . . Chapter 2: Accuracy and Speed of Emulated Instruments. Hardware Emulation. Integration versus Filtering for AC Measurements. Coherent Measurement. Unit Test Period. Coherent Filtering. Correlation. Fourier Voltmeter. Software Version of the FVM. Orthogonal Signals and Fourier Voltmeters. DFT and FFT. Synthesis. Frequency Leakage. Graphical Example of FFT Application. Chapter 3: Noncoherent Sampling. Reconstruction. Time and Spectral Vectors. Imaging and Noncoherent Undersampling. Heterodyning and Reconstruction. Rules of Imaging. Sampling Rates and Spacing. Nyquist's Limit. Universal Rule for Noncoherent Sampling. Sine-X-over-X Distortion and Correction. Receiver/Reconstruction Filtering. Chapter 4: Coherence. Vector Periodicity. Amount of Information in a Vector. Effective Sampling Rate. Chapter 5: Multitone Testing. Multitone Distortion Measurement. Multitone Frequency Measurement. Multitone versus Single Tone Applications. Error Sources and Accuracy. Effect of Device Uncertainty on Multitone Tests. Factors Affecting Accuracy. Out-of-Band Measurement Uncertainty. Estimating Multitone Accuracy. Estimating Multitone Uncertainty Due to Quantization. Chapter 6: Vector Operations for DSP Testing. Vector Operations in DSP-Programming. Program Examples. Chapter 7: Event Digitizing. Explicit versus Implicit Sampling. Event Digitizer. Testing Tape Decks. Chapter 8: Measuring Random Noise. Equivalent Input Noise. Normalized Spectral Noise Density. Typical DSP Procedure. Input Resistors. Coupling Capacitor. Noise Bandwidth. Accuracy and Repeatability of Noise Measurements. Statistical Sampling versus DSP Sampling. Estimating the Repeatability of Local Measurements. Cautions about Averaging. Computing Spectral Power from a Sparsely Sampled Signal. Exercises. Chapter 9: Introduction to A/D Testing. A/D versus D/A Conversion. Transfer Maps. Transmission Parameters versus Intrinsic Parameters. Conversion Formats and Types. Uncertainty and Distortion of the Ideal ADC. DAC Transfer Error. Superposition Error. Adapting D/A Parameters to ADC Measurement. Probabilistic Estimation of ADC Input Noise. Dynamic Testing. Noise Improvement Figure. Random Voltage Noise. Induced Jitter Noise. Equivalent Number of Bits. Idle Noise and Noise Power Ratio. Separating Quantization Distortion from Noise. Chapter 10: Techniques for Flash Converter Testing. Linear Histogram Testing. Histograms with Sparkle Codes and Missing Codes. Obtaining the Transfer Function from the Histogram. Integral Linearity Error from the Transfer Curve. ILE Directly from DLE: A Fast Method. Centerlines for Histogram-Derived ILE. Integral Linearity from Weighted Code Centers. MIL-STD Regression Line Approach. Extreme Values of Linearity Error. Differential Linearity from Weighted Code Center Information. Dynamic Testing. Sinusoidal Histogram Testing. Using the Tally to Find MAT T2. Errors with Sinusoidal Histograms. Spectral Analysis. Noise Measurement. Noise Separation. Progressive Spectra. Unscrambling. Differential Phase (DP). Differential Gain (DG). Chapter 11: Incremental Models for DSP-Based Testing with Applications to Transient and Flutter Measurement. Introduction. Limitations of Vector Processors. Incremental Modeling. Comparison with Continuous Equations. RC High Pass Model. Time Scaling and Normalization. Ballistic Peaks. Ballistic Peak Detection Models. Generalized Approach. Wow and Flutter Measurement. DIN/IEEE/ANSI/Quasi-Peak Detection. DIN Frequency Weighting. Importance of Phase Response in Peak-Reading Instruments. Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filtering. Chapter 12: CODEC Testing. Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) CODEC Channel. Encoding Law. Five Kinds of Tests. Full Channel versus Half Channel. Normalized Mu-Law and A-Law Measurement Units. Review of Decibel-Based Measurement Units. CODEC Performance Tests. Gain and Loss. Choosing the Test Frequency. Frequency Distribution. Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Error. Transmission Parameters. Half Channel Encoder Testing. Decoder Testing. Other Decoder Performance Tests. References for CODEC (PCM) Telephone Standards. Chapter 13: Selected Reprints. Automated Measurement of 12- to 16-Bit Converters M. Mahoney (Proceedings of the 1981 IEEE Test Conference, 1981. pages 319-327). DSP Measurement of Frequency E. Rosenfeld (Proceedings of the International Test Conference, 1986, pages 981-986). DSP Synthesized Signal Source for Analog Testing Stimulus and New Test Method H. Kitayoshi, S. Sumida. K. Shirakawa, and S. Takeshita (Proceedings of the International Test Conference, 1985, pages 825-834). An NBS Calibration Service for A/D and D/A Conveners TM. Souders and D.R. Flach (Proceedings of the 1981 IEEE Test Conference, 1981, pages 290-303). Production Testing of PCM (Digital) Audio Circuits M. Landry (Proceedings of the International Test Conference, 1983, pages 767-770). Chapter 14: Appendix: References/Bibliography.
£75.56
Taylor & Francis Inc Contamination Effects on Electronic Products 69
Book SynopsisThe technology for preventing and mitigating contamination of electronic products is reviewed in four major ways: the types and sources of contaminants; typical contamination effects; contamination removal methods; and contamination prevention through design, process, product protection, and testing
£256.50
Taylor & Francis Inc Power Hybrid Circuit Design Manufacture
Book SynopsisDiscusses the fundamental design principles, capabilities, and applications of power hybrid microcircuits and modules--detailing the operation of power semiconductor and passive components, the properties of materials, design guidelines, thermal management, and manufacturing technologies.Trade Review"This handbook concentrates on a variety of design and manufacturing techniques and materials used in high reliability military and commercial power hybrids. . .into a conveniently compact, readable and yet authoritative reference. It was developed to provide a hands-on approach to learning the necessary tools and techniques. . .. . . .should be in the hands of every designer of hybrid circuits. "---Microelectronics and ReliabilityTable of ContentsHybrid microcircuit technology; component parts; materials; power hybrid design; thermal management and control; manufacturing; applications.
£152.00
CRC Press The Electronics Handbook Electrical Engineering
Book SynopsisDuring the ten years since the appearance of the groundbreaking, bestselling first edition of The Electronics Handbook, the field has grown and changed tremendously. With a focus on fundamental theory and practical applications, the first edition guided novice and veteran engineers along the cutting edge in the design, production, installation, operation, and maintenance of electronic devices and systems. Completely updated and expanded to reflect recent advances, this second edition continues the tradition.The Electronics Handbook, Second Edition provides a comprehensive reference to the key concepts, models, and equations necessary to analyze, design, and predict the behavior of complex electrical devices, circuits, instruments, and systems. With 23 sections that encompass the entire electronics field, from classical devices and circuits to emerging technologies and applications, The Electronics Handbook, Second Edition not only covers the engineering aspects, but also includes sections on reliability, safety, and engineering management. The book features an individual table of contents at the beginning of each chapter, which enables engineers from industry, government, and academia to navigate easily to the vital information they need. This is truly the most comprehensive, easy-to-use reference on electronics available.Trade Review". . . written and structured to be easy to use and can be useful for engineers and technicians involved in the design, production, installation, operation, and maintenance of electronic devices and systems." – Giuseppe Di Cataldo, in IEEE Circuits & Devices Magazine, March/ April 2006, Vol. 22, No. 2 Table of ContentsFundamental Electrical Theory. Properties of Materials and Components. Properties of Passive Components. Passive Electrical Circuit. Electron Vacuum Devices. Microwave Vacuum Devices. Semiconductor Devices and Circuits. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Power Supplies and Regulation. Packaging Electronic Systems. Communication Principles. Electromagnetic Radiation. Information Recording and Storage. Wired Communications Systems. Wireless Communications Systems. Radar and Radionavigation. Control and Instrumentation Technology. Computer Systems. Signal Measurement, Analysis, and Testing. Reliability Engineering. Safety. Engineering Management, Standardization, and Regulation. Index.
£209.00
Taylor & Francis Inc Electronic Portable Instruments
Book SynopsisWith the availability of advanced technologies, digital systems, and communications, portable instruments are rapidly evolving from simple, stand alone, low-accuracy measuring instruments to complex multifunctional, network integrated, high-performance digital devices with advanced interface capabilities. The relatively brief treatments these instruments receive in many books are no longer adequate. Designers, engineers and scientists need a comprehensive reference dedicated to electronic portable instruments that explains the state-of-art and future directions. Electronic Portable Instruments: Design and Applications introduces the basic measurement and instrumentation concepts, describes the operating principles, and discusses the typical specifications of three main groups of portable instruments:Portable and handheld instruments built for specific applications Intelligent sensor-based devices with few components and dedicated features, such as implanTable of ContentsIntroduction. Measurements, Instrumentation and Electronic Portable Instruments. Sensors, Transducers and Electronic Instruments. Digital Aspects: Hardware, Software, and Electronic Portable Instruments. Design and Construction of Electronic Portable Instruments. Examples and Applications of Portable Instruments. Conclusions and Future Trends. References. Index
£147.25
Taylor & Francis Inc Passive Active and Digital Filters
Book SynopsisA reference to the key concepts, models, and equations useful to analyze, design, and predict the behavior of large-scale systems that employ various types of filters. It discusses general characteristics of filters, frequency transformations, sensitivity and selectivity, low-gain active filters, and higher-order filters.Table of ContentsPASSIVE FILTERS. General Characteristics of Filters. Approximation. Frequency Transformations. Sensitivity and Selectivity. Passive Immittances and Positive-Real Functions. Passive Cascade Synthesis. Synthesis of LCM and RC One-Port Networks. Two-Port Synthesis by Ladder Development. Design of Resistively Terminated Networks. Design of Broadband Matching Networks. ACTIVE FILTERS. Low-Gain Active Filters. Single-Amplifier Multiple-Feedback Filters. Multiple-Amplifier Biquads. The Current Generalized Immittance Converter (CGIC) Biquads. Higher-Order Filters. Continuous-Time Integrated Filters. Switched Capacitor Filters. DIGITAL FILTERS. FIR Filters. IIR Filters. Finite Wordlength Effects. Aliasing-Free Reconstruction Filter Bank. VLSI Implementation of Digital Filters. Two-Dimensional FIR Filters. Two-Dimensional IIR Filters. Symmetry and 2-D Filter Design. Index.
£104.50
Taylor & Francis Ltd (Sales) Electronic Systems Maintenance Handbook
Book SynopsisThe days of troubleshooting a piece of gear armed only with a scope, voltmeter, and a general idea of how the hardware works are gone forever. As technology continues to drive equipment design forward, maintenance difficulties will continue to increase, and those responsible for maintaining this equipment will continue to struggle to keep up.The Electronic Systems Maintenance Handbook, Second Edition establishes a foundation for servicing, operating, and optimizing audio, video, computer, and RF systems. Beginning with an overview of reliability principles and properties, a team of top experts describes the steps essential to ensuring high reliability and minimum downtime. They examine heat management issues, grounding systems, and all aspects of system test and measurement. They even explore disaster planning and provide guidelines for keeping a facility running under extreme circumstances.Today more than ever, the reliability of a system can have a direct and immediate impact on the profitability of an operation. Advocating a carefully planned, systematic maintenance program, the richly illustrated Electronic Systems Maintenance Handbook helps engineers and technicians meet the challenges inherent in modern electronic equipment and ensure top quality performance from each piece of hardware.Trade Review"…should take its place as a fundamental work in general engineering reference…The handbook shares the very fine organization and multiple access points of other recent CRC Press handbooks…"-Science & Technology Librariesd take its place as a fundamental work in general engineering reference…The handbook shares the very fine organization and multiple access points of other recent CRC Press handbooks…"-Science & Technology LibrariesTable of ContentsProbability and Statistics. Electronic Hardware Reliability. Software Reliability. Thermal Properties. Heat Management. Shielding and EMI Considerations. Resistors and Resistive Materials. Capacitance and Capacitors. Inductors and Magnetic Properties. Printed Wiring Boards. Hybrid Microelectronics Technology. Surface Mount Technology. Semiconductor Failure Modes. Power System Protection Alternatives. Facility Grounding. Network Switching Concepts. Network Communication. Data Acquisition. Computer-Based Circuit Simulation. Audio Frequency Distortion Mechanisms and Analysis. Video Display Distortion Mechanisms and Analysis. Radio Frequency Distortion Mechanisms and Analysis. Digital Test Equipment and Measurement Systems. Fourier Waveform Analysis. Computer Based Signal Analysis. Systems Engineering Concepts. Disaster Planning and Recovery. Safety and Protection Systems. Conversion Tables. Index
£204.25
Taylor & Francis Inc Digital Microfluidic Biochips Synthesis Testing
Book SynopsisDigital Microfluidic Biochips focuses on the automated design and production of microfluidic-based biochips for large-scale bioassays and safety-critical applications. Bridging areas of electronic design automation with microfluidic biochip research, the authors present a system-level design automation framework that addresses key issues in the design, analysis, and testing of digital microfluidic biochips.The book describes a new generation of microfluidic biochips with more complex designs that offer dynamic reconfigurability, system scalability, system integration, and defect tolerance. Part I describes a unified design methodology that targets design optimization under resource constraints. Part II investigates cost-effective testing techniques for digital microfluidic biochips that include test resource optimization and fault detection while running normal bioassays. Part III focuses on different reconfiguration-based defect tolerance techniques designed to increaTable of ContentsSynthesis Techniques. Testing Techniques. Reconfiguration-Based Defect Tolerance.
£175.75
Taylor & Francis Inc PhaseLocked Loops Theory and Applications
Book SynopsisApplications of phase-locked loops play an increasingly important role in modern electronic systems, and the last 25 years have seen new developments in the underlying theories as well.Phase-Locked Loops presents the latest information on the basic theory and applications of PLLs. Organized in a logical format, it first introduces the subject in a qualitative manner and discusses key applications. Next, it develops basic models for components of a PLL, and these are used to develop a basic PLL model. The text then discusses both linear and nonlinear methods that are used to analyze the basic PLL model.This book includes extensive coverage of the nonlinear behavior of phase-locked loops, an important area of this field and one where exciting new research is being performed. No other book available covers this critical area in such careful detail. Improvements brought about by the advent of the personal computer, especially in the use of numerical results, are integrated into theTable of ContentsElementary Theory and Applications: Introduction. Modeling the Phase-Locked Loop. Linear Analysis of Common First- and Second-Order PLL. Phase-Locked Loop Components and Technologies. Nonlinear PLL Analysis: Nonlinear PLL Behavior in the Absence of Noise. Stochastic Methods for the Nonlinear PLL Model. Noise in the Nonlinear PLL Model. Numerical Methods for Noise Analysis in the Nonlinear PLL Model. Appendixes. References. Back Cover Copy
£109.25
Institution of Engineering and Technology The Switching Function Analysis of Power Electronic Circuits IEE Circuits Devices and Systems Materials Circuits and Devices
Book SynopsisThis book demonstrates the usefulness of the switching function in analysing power electronic circuits in the steady state. It includes analysis of generic circuits of power electronics using the switching function, and derives compact expressions for output voltage and current and input current.Table of Contents Part 1: The switching function Chapter 1: The switching function: Application and properties Chapter 2: Voltage-current relations in switched circuits Chapter 3: Pulse width modulation Part 2: AC to DC conversion Chapter 4: Analysis of the single phase ac to dc phase controlled converter with R-L load Chapter 5: The single phase full-wave diode rectifier - RC load Chapter 6: The three-phase half-wave phase controlled converter Chapter 7: The three-phase full-wave phase controlled rectifier Chapter 8: Overlap in ac to dc three-phase converters Part 3: DC to DC converters Chapter 9: The step down converter Chapter 10: The step up or boost converter Chapter 11: The buck boost dc to dc converter Chapter 12: The CUK dc to dc converter Part 4: Frequency changers Chapter 13: The PWM full bridge dc to dc converter Chapter 14: Three by three matrix converter Chapter 15: The single pulse PWM inverter Chapter 16: The sinusoidally PWM inverter Chapter 17: The envelope cyclo-converter Part 5: Active filters Chapter 18: The thyristor-controlled reactor Chapter 19: The switched capacitor active filters Chapter 20: The inverter configuration active filter Chapter 21: Single phase rectification with active line shaping
£78.85
Institution of Engineering and Technology Low Power and Low Voltage Circuit Design with the
Book SynopsisThis book demonstrates how FGMOS transistors can be used in a low-voltage and low-power design context. The techniques used provide innovative solutions, often in situations where the limits of technology in question have been pushed far below the values recommended by the manufacturer.Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: The Floating Gate MOS transistor (FGMOS) Chapter 3: FGMOS - Circuit applications and design techniques Chapter 4: Low power analog continuous-time filtering based on the FGMOS in the strong inversion ohmic region Chapter 5: Low power analog continuous-time filtering based on the FGMOS in the strong inversion saturation region Chapter 6: Low power analog continuous-time Gm-C filtering using the FGMOS in the weak inversion region Chapter 7: Low power log-domain filtering based on the FGMOS transistor Chapter 8: Low power digital design based on the FGMOS threshold gate Chapter 9: Summary and conclusions
£103.55
Artech House Publishers Frequency Synthesizer Design Handbook Microwave Library
Book SynopsisCovers digital sampling effects in modern phase-locked frequency synthesizers from a systems perspective, and discusses all aspects of phase noise, its mathematical modelling and its impact upon different digital communication systems.Table of ContentsBuilding Blocks for Frequency Synthesis Using Phase-Locked Loops. Phase Noise and Its Impact Upon System Performance. Phase-Locked Loop Analysis for Continuous Linear Systems. Frequency Synthesis Using Sampled-Data Control Systems. Fast-Switching Frequency Synthesizer Design Considerations. Hybrid Phase-Locked Loops. MACSET -- A Computer Program for the Design and Analysis of Phase-Locked Loop Frequency Synthesizers. Fractional-N Frequency Synthesis.
£137.00
Artech House Publishers Numerical Simulation of Submicron Semiconductor Devices Electronic Materials Devices Library
Book SynopsisDescribes the basic theory of carrier transport, develops numerical algorithms used for transport problems or device simulations, and presents real-world examples of implementation.Table of ContentsSemiconductor fundamentals; carrier scattering; Monte Carlo transport calculation; Monte Carlo device simulation; balance equation method for device simulation.
£108.00
Artech House Publishers RF Design Guide Systems Circuits and Equations Microwave Library
Book SynopsisThis guide contains measurement methods, system calculations, statistical procedures and actual circuit and measurement examples which can be put into practice. It comes with a diskette containing a database of drawings, schematics, text and the convenience of live equations.Table of ContentsSystem Design and Specification. Circuit Examples. Measurement Techniques. Useful Formulas.
£138.56
Nova Science Publishers Inc Industrial Measurement of Electrical Electronic
Book SynopsisProceedings of the 2nd Symposum of the Technical Committee Measurement of Electrical Quantities -- TC4 on Industrial Measurement of Electrical & Electronic Components & Equipment held in Warsaw, Poland, May 26-28 1987.
£184.79
Career Professionals Audiophile Vacuum Tube Amplifiers Design Construction Testing Repairing Upgrading Volume 1
£53.15
Career Professionals Audiophile Vacuum Tube Amplifiers Design Construction Testing Repairing Upgrading Volume 2
£56.95
Taylor & Francis Ltd Fundamental Electrical and Electronic Principles
Book SynopsisFundamental Electrical and Electronic Principles covers the essential principles that form the foundations for electrical and electronic engineering courses. This new edition is extensively updated with a greater focus on electronic principles, evenly balanced with electrical principles. Fuller coverage is given to active electronics, with the additional topics of diodes and transistors, and core topics such as oscilloscopes now reflect state-of-the-art technology.Each main chapter starts with learning outcomes tied to the syllabus. All theory is explained in detail and backed up with numerous worked examples and handy summaries of equations. Students can test their understanding with end-of-chapter assignment questions for which answers are provided. The book also provides detailed suggested practical assignments outlining apparatus and methods.The book forms an excellent core work for beginning further education students with some mathematics background preparing for careers as technicians, and an introductory text for first-year undergraduate students in all engineering disciplines.Table of Contents1. Fundamentals. 2. D.C. Circuits. 3. Electric Fields and Capacitors. 4. Magnetic Fields and Circuits. 5. Electromagnetism. 6. Semiconductor Theory and Diodes. 7. Transistors. 8. Alternating Quantities. 9. D.C. Machines. 10. D.C. Transients.
£43.69
Taylor & Francis Ltd Power System Protection with Artificial Intelligence Applications
Book SynopsisThis book provides a complete guide to digital power system protection, emphasizing cutting-edge technologies such as digital relays, intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), artificial intelligence (AI), signal processing, and substation automation. It bridges the gap between theory and practice, offering insights into hardware implementation and real-world applications. Protection strategies for transformers, motors, generators, transmission lines, and inverter-fed systems are discussed in detail with Industry relay hardware implementation, with a focus on renewable energy integration and modern industry practices.Key Features: Explains theoretical principles and conventional topics to most advanced protection with practical examples with solutions for digital protection systems. Includes AI based relay protection, WAMS, HVDC System protection, Microgrid protection, hardware case studies of large system protection, Anti- Islanding schemes, Signal processing techniques, and substation automation. Features case studies, solved examples, and practical programs. Covered IEC standards, HVDC protection, and cybersecurity. Solutions and strategies for inverter-fed systems protection and renewable integration. The text is primarily written for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics, and communications engineering.
£120.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd SwitchRouter Architectures
Book SynopsisCrossbar switch fabrics offer many benefits when designing switch/routers. This book discusses switch/router architectures using design examples and case studies of well-known systems that employ crossbar switch fabric as their internal interconnects. This book looks to explain the design of switch/routers from a practicing engineer's perspective. It uses a broad range of design examples to illustrate switch/router designs and provides case studies to enhance readers comprehension of switch/router architectures. The book goes on to discuss industry best practices in switch/router design and explains the key features and differences between unicast and multicast packet forwarding architectures. This book will be of benefit to telecoms/networking industry professionals and engineers as well as researchers and academics looking for more practical and efficient approaches for designing non-blocking crossbar switch fabrics.Table of ContentsPart 1: Characteristics of Switch/Routers with Crossbar Switch Fabrics 1. The Switch/Router: Integrated OSI Layers 2 and 3 Forwarding on a Single Platform 2. Understanding Crossbar Switch Fabrics 3. Introduction to Switch/Routers with Crossbar Switch Fabrics Part 2: Design Examples and Case Studies 4. Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches with Supervisor Engines 1A and 2 5. Avaya P580 and P882 Routing Switch Architecture with 80-Series Media Module 6. Foundry Networks Multilayer Switches with IronCoreTM Network Interface Module 7. Foundry Networks Multilayer Switches with JetCoreTM Network Interface Module 8. Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches with Supervisor Engine 720 9. Multicast Routing and Multicast Forwarding Information Base (MFIB) Architecture 10. Unicast versus Multicast Packet Forwarding: A Case Study
£43.69
Cambridge University Press Modern RF and Microwave Measurement Techniques The Cambridge RF and Microwave Engineering Series
Book SynopsisThis comprehensive, hands-on review of the most up-to-date techniques in RF and microwave measurement combines fundamental theory with in-depth analysis of advanced modern instrumentation, methods and systems, alongside practical advice for RF and microwave engineers and researchers.Table of ContentsPart I. General Concepts: 1. Transmission lines and scattering parameters Roger Pollard and Mohamed Sayed; 2. Microwave interconnections, probing, and fixturing Leonard Hayden; Part II. Microwave Instrumentation: 3. Microwave synthesizers Alexander Chenakin; 4. Real-time spectrum analysis and time-correlated measurements applied to non-linear system characterization Marcus Da Silva; 5. Vector network analyzers Mohamed Sayed and Jon Martens; 6. Microwave power measurements Ronald Ginley; 7. Modular systems for RF and microwave measurements Jin Bains; Part III. Linear Measurements: 8. Two-port network analyzer calibration Andrea Ferrero; 9. Multiport and differential S-parameter measurements Valeria Teppati and Andrea Ferrero; 10. Noise figure characterization Nerea Otegi, Juan-Mari Collantes and Mohamed Sayed; 11. TDR based S-parameters Peter J. Pupalaikis and Kaviyesh Doshi; Part IV. Non-Linear Measurements: 12. Vector network analysis for nonlinear systems Yves Rolain, Gerd Vandersteen and Maarten Schoukens; 13. Load and source-pull techniques Valeria Teppati, Andrea Ferrero and Gian Luigi Madonna; 14. Broadband signal measurements for linearity optimization Marco Spirito and Mauro Marchetti; 15. Pulse and RF measurement Anthony Parker.
£95.95
Cambridge University Press Digital Design Using VHDL
Book SynopsisProvides students with a system-level perspective and the tools they need to understand, analyze and design complete digital systems using VHDL. It goes beyond the design of simple combinational and sequential modules to show how such modules are used to build complete systems, reflecting digital design in the real world.Table of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. The digital abstraction; 2. The practice of digital system design; Part II. Combinational Logic: 3. Boolean algebra; 4. CMOS logic circuits; 5. Delay and power of CMOS circuits; 6. Combinational logic design; 7. VHDL descriptions of combinational logic; 8. Combinational building blocks; 9. Combinational examples; Part III. Arithmetic Circuits: 10. Arithmetic circuits; 11. Fixed- and floating-point numbers; 12. Fast arithmetic circuits; 13. Arithmetic examples; Part IV. Synchronous Sequential Logic: 14. Sequential logic; 15. Timing constraints; 16. Datapath sequential logic; 17. Factoring finite-state machines; 18. Microcode; 19. Sequential examples; Part V. Practical Design: 20. Verification and test; Part VI. System Design: 21. System-level design; 22. Interface and system-level timing; 23. Pipelines; 24. Interconnect; 25. Memory systems; Part VII. Asynchronous Logic: 26. Asynchronous sequential circuits; 27. Flip-flops; 28. Metastability and synchronization failure; 29. Synchronizer design; Appendix A. VHDL coding style; Appendix B. VHDL syntax guide; References; Index.
£62.99
Cambridge University Press Bioresorbable Materials and Their Application in
Book SynopsisBioresorbable electronics offer a revolutionary solution to replace the built-to-last electronics used in implanted devices and electronic gadgets. This Element analyzes the unique dissolution behaviors and biological effects of bioresorbable materials such as metals, polymers, inorganic compounds and semiconductors used to construct devices.
£20.99
Cambridge University Press Continuous Time Active Analog Filters
Book SynopsisDiscover the techniques of analog filter designs and their utilization in a large number of practical applications such as audio/video signal processing, biomedical instrumentation and antialiasing/reconstruction filters. Covering high frequency filter design like active R and active C filters, the author tries to present the subject in a simpler way as a base material for analog filter designs, as well as for advanced study of continuous-time filter designs, and allied filter design areas of current-mode (CM) and switched capacitor filters. With updated basic analog filter design approaches, the book will provide a better choice to select appropriate design technique for a specific application. Focussing mainly on continuous time domain techniques, which forms the base of all other techniques, this is an essential reading for undergraduate students. Numerous solved examples, practical applications and case studies on audio/video devices, medical instrumentation, control and antialiasiTable of ContentsList of figures; List of tables; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. Analog filter: concepts; 2. First- and second-order filters; 3. Magnitude approximations; 4. Delay: approximation and optimization; 5. Frequency and impedance transformations; 6. Sensitivity of active networks; 7. Single amplifier second-order filters; 8. Multi amplifier second-order filter sections; 9. Direct form synthesis: element substitution and operational simulation; 10. Cascade approach: optimization and tuning; 11. Amplification and filtering in biomedical applications; 12. Audio signal processing and anti-aliasing filters; 13. Follow the leader feedback filters; 14. Switched capacitor circuits; 15. Operational transconductance amplifier-C filters; 16. Current conveyors and CDTA (current differencing transconductance amplifiers) based filters; 17. Active R and active C filters; References; Practice problems; Index.
£61.74
Cambridge University Press MixedSignal CMOS for Wireline Communication
Book SynopsisGet up to speed with the fundamentals of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) for wireline communication with this practical introduction, from short-reach optical links to various electrical links. It presents practical coverage of the state of the art, equipping readers with all the tools needed to understand these circuits and then design their own. A comprehensive treatment of components, including details for front-end circuits, equalizers, oscillators, phase-locked loops and clock and data recovery systems, accompanies significant coverage of inverter-based circuits, preparing the reader for modern designs in nano-scale CMOS. Numerous inline examples demonstrate concepts and solutions, allowing readers to absorb the theory and confidently apply concepts to new scenarios. Suitable for graduate students and professional engineers working in mixed-signal integrated circuit design for high-speed interconnects, and including over 100 end-of-chapter problems to extend learning (with online solutions for instructors), this versatile book will equip readers with an unrivalled understanding of exactly what goes into a modern wireline link ? and why.
£94.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc Analog Integrated Circuit Design International
Book Synopsis* The second edition of Analog Integrated Circuit Design focuses on several types of circuits that have increased in importance in the past decade. * The text is enhanced with material on CMOS IC device modeling, updated processing layout and expanded coverage to reflect technical innovations.Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1 INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT DEVICES AND MODELLING 1 1.1 Semiconductors and pn Junctions 1 1.1.1 Diodes 2 1.1.2 Reverse-Biased Diodes 4 1.1.3 Graded Junctions 8 1.1.4 Large-Signal Junction Capacitance 10 1.1.5 Forward-Biased Junctions 11 1.1.6 Junction Capacitance of Forward-Biased Diode 12 1.1.7 Small-Signal Model of a Forward-Biased Diode 13 1.1.8 Schottky Diodes 14 1.2 MOS Transistors 15 1.2.1 Symbols for MOS Transistors 16 1.2.2 Basic Operation 17 1.2.3 Large-Signal Modelling 22 1.2.4 Body Effect 25 1.2.5 p-Channel Transistors 26 1.2.6 Low-Frequency Small-Signal Modelling in the Active Region 26 1.2.7 High-Frequency Small-Signal Modelling in the Active Region 32 1.2.8 Small-Signal Modelling in the Triode and Cutoff Regions 35 1.2.9 Analog Figures of Merit and Trade-offs 37 1.3 Device Model Summary 39 1.3.1 Constants 40 1.3.2 Diode Equations 40 1.3.3 MOS Transistor Equations 41 1.4 Advanced MOS Modelling 43 1.4.1 Subthreshold Operation 43 1.4.2 Mobility Degradation 46 1.4.3 Summary of Subthreshold and Mobility Degradation Equations 48 1.4.4 Parasitic Resistances 48 1.4.5 Short-Channel Effects 49 1.4.6 Leakage Currents 50 1.5 SPICE Modelling Parameters 51 1.5.1 Diode Model 51 1.5.2 MOS Transistors 52 1.5.3 Advanced SPICE Models of MOS Transistors 52 1.6 Passive Devices 55 1.6.1 Resistors 55 1.6.2 Capacitors 59 1.7 Appendix 61 1.7.1 Diode Exponential Relationship 61 1.7.2 Diode-Diffusion Capacitance 63 1.7.3 MOS Threshold Voltage and the Body Effect 65 1.7.4 MOS Triode Relationship 67 1.8 Key Points 69 1.9 References 70 1.10 Problems 70 CHAPTER 2 PROCESSING AND LAYOUT 73 2.1 CMOS Processing 73 2.1.1 The Silicon Wafer 73 2.1.2 Photolithography and Well Definition 74 2.1.3 Diffusion and Ion Implantation 76 2.1.4 Chemical Vapor Deposition and Defining the Active Regions 78 2.1.5 Transistor Isolation 78 2.1.6 Gate-Oxide and Threshold-Voltage Adjustments 81 2.1.7 Polysilicon Gate Formation 82 2.1.8 Implanting the Junctions, Depositing SiO2, and Opening Contact Holes 82 2.1.9 Annealing, Depositing and Patterning Metal, and Overglass Deposition 84 2.1.10 Additional Processing Steps 84 2.2 CMOS Layout and Design Rules 86 2.2.1 Spacing Rules 86 2.2.2 Planarity and Fill Requirements 94 2.2.3 Antenna Rules 94 2.2.4 Latch-Up 95 2.3 Variability and Mismatch 96 2.3.1 Systematic Variations Including Proximity Effects 96 2.3.2 Process Variations 98 2.3.3 Random Variations and Mismatch 99 2.4 Analog Layout Considerations 103 2.4.1 Transistor Layouts 103 2.4.2 Capacitor Matching 104 2.4.3 Resistor Layout 107 2.4.4 Noise Considerations 109 2.5 Key Points 112 2.6 References 113 2.7 Problems 114 CHAPTER 3 BASIC CURRENT MIRRORS AND SINGLE-STAGE AMPLIFIERS 117 3.1 Simple CMOS Current Mirror 118 3.2 Common-Source Amplifier 120 3.3 Source-Follower or Common-Drain Amplifier 122 3.4 Common-Gate Amplifier 124 3.5 Source-Degenerated Current Mirrors 127 3.6 Cascode Current Mirrors 129 3.7 Cascode Gain Stage 131 3.8 MOS Differential Pair and Gain Stage 135 3.9 Key Points 138 3.10 References 139 3.11 Problems 139 CHAPTER 4 FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS 144 4.1 Frequency Response of Linear Systems 144 4.1.1 Magnitude and Phase Response 145 4.1.2 First-Order Circuits 147 4.1.3 Second-Order Low-Pass Transfer Functions with Real Poles 154 4.1.4 Bode Plots 157 4.1.5 Second-Order Low-Pass Transfer Functions with Complex Poles 163 4.2 Frequency Response of Elementary Transistor Circuits 164 4.2.1 High-Frequency MOS Small-Signal Model 164 4.2.2 Common-Source Amplifier 166 4.2.3 Miller Theorem and Miller Effect 169 4.2.4 Zero-Value Time-Constant Analysis 173 4.2.5 Common-Source Design Examples 176 4.2.6 Common-Gate Amplifier 179 4.3 Cascode Gain Stage 181 4.4 Source-Follower Amplifier 187 4.5 Differential Pair 193 4.5.1 High-Frequency T Model 193 4.5.2 Symmetric Differential Amplifier 194 4.5.3 Single-Ended Differential Amplifier 195 4.5.4 Differential Pair with Active Load 196 4.6 Key Points 197 4.7 References 198 4.8 Problems 198 CHAPTER 5 FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS 204 5.1 Ideal Model of Negative Feedback 204 5.1.1 Basic Definitions 204 5.1.2 Gain Sensitivity 205 5.1.3 Bandwidth 206 5.1.4 Linearity 207 5.1.5 Summary 207 5.2 Dynamic Response of Feedback Amplifiers 208 5.2.1 Stability Criteria 209 5.2.2 Phase Margin 211 5.3 First- and Second-Order Feedback Systems 213 5.3.1 First-Order Feedback Systems 213 5.3.2 Second-Order Feedback Systems 217 5.3.3 Higher-Order Feedback Systems 220 5.4 Common Feedback Amplifiers 221 5.4.1 Obtaining the Loop Gain, L(s) 222 5.4.2 Noninverting Amplifier 226 5.4.3 Transimpedance (Inverting) Amplifiers 231 5.5 Summary of Key Points 235 5.6 References 236 5.7 Problems 236 CHAPTER 6 BASIC OPAMP DESIGN AND COMPENSATION 242 6.1 Two-Stage CMOS Opamp 242 6.1.1 Opamp Gain 243 6.1.2 Frequency Response 245 6.1.3 Slew Rate 249 6.1.4 n-Channel or p-Channel Input Stage 252 6.1.5 Systematic Offset Voltage 253 6.2 Opamp Compensation 254 6.2.1 Dominant-Pole Compensation and Lead Compensation 255 6.2.2 Compensating the Two-Stage Opamp 256 6.2.3 Making Compensation Independent of Process and Temperature 260 6.3 Advanced Current Mirrors 262 6.3.1 Wide-Swing Current Mirrors 262 6.3.2 Enhanced Output-Impedance Current Mirrors and Gain Boosting 263 6.3.3 Wide-Swing Current Mirror with Enhanced Output Impedance 266 6.3.4 Current-Mirror Symbol 267 6.4 Folded-Cascode Opamp 268 6.4.1 Small-Signal Analysis 270 6.4.2 Slew Rate 272 6.5 Current Mirror Opamp 275 6.6 Linear Settling Time Revisited 279 6.7 Fully Differential Opamps 281 6.7.1 Fully Differential Folded-Cascode Opamp 283 6.7.2 Alternative Fully Differential Opamps 284 6.7.3 Low Supply Voltage Opamps 286 6.8 Common-Mode Feedback Circuits 288 6.9 Summary of Key Points 292 6.10 References 293 6.11 Problems 294 CHAPTER 7 BIASING, REFERENCES, AND REGULATORS 302 7.1 Analog Integrated Circuit Biasing 302 7.1.1 Bias Circuits 303 7.1.2 Reference Circuits 305 7.1.3 Regulator Circuits 306 7.2 Establishing Constant Transconductance 307 7.2.1 Basic Constant-Transconductance Circuit 307 7.2.2 Improved Constant-Transconductance Circuits 309 7.3 Establishing Constant Voltages and Currents 310 7.3.1 Bandgap Voltage Reference Basics 310 7.3.2 Circuits for Bandgap References 314 7.3.3 Low-Voltage Bandgap Reference 319 7.3.4 Current Reference 320 7.4 Voltage Regulation 321 7.4.1 Regulator Specifications 321 7.4.2 Feedback Analysis 322 7.4.3 Low Dropout Regulators 324 7.5 Summary of Key Points 327 7.6 References 327 7.7 Problems 328 CHAPTER 8 BIPOLAR DEVICES AND CIRCUITS 331 8.1 Bipolar-Junction Transistors 331 8.1.1 Basic Operation 331 8.1.2 Analog Figures of Merit 341 8.2 Bipolar Device Model Summary 344 8.3 SPICE Modeling 345 8.4 Bipolar and BICMOS Processing 346 8.4.1 Bipolar Processing 346 8.4.2 Modern SiGe BiCMOS HBT Processing 347 8.4.3 Mismatch in Bipolar Devices 348 8.5 Bipolar Current Mirrors and Gain Stages 349 8.5.1 Current Mirrors 349 8.5.2 Emitter Follower 350 8.5.3 Bipolar Differential Pair 353 8.6 Appendix 356 8.6.1 Bipolar Transistor Exponential Relationship 356 8.6.2 Base Charge Storage of an Active BJT 359 8.7 Summary of Key Points 359 8.8 References 360 8.9 Problems 360 CHAPTER 9 NOISE AND LINEARITY ANALYSIS AND MODELLING 363 9.1 Time-Domain Analysis 363 9.1.1 Root Mean Square (rms) Value 364 9.1.2 SNR 365 9.1.3 Units of dBm 365 9.1.4 Noise Summation 366 9.2 Frequency-Domain Analysis 367 9.2.1 Noise Spectral Density 367 9.2.2 White Noise 369 9.2.3 1/f, or Flicker, Noise 370 9.2.4 Filtered Noise 371 9.2.5 Noise Bandwidth 373 9.2.6 Piecewise Integration of Noise 375 9.2.7 1/f Noise Tangent Principle 377 9.3 Noise Models for Circuit Elements 377 9.3.1 Resistors 378 9.3.2 Diodes 378 9.3.3 Bipolar Transistors 380 9.3.4 MOSFETS 380 9.3.5 Opamps 382 9.3.6 Capacitors and Inductors 382 9.3.7 Sampled Signal Noise 384 9.3.8 Input-Referred Noise 384 9.4 Noise Analysis Examples 387 9.4.1 Opamp Example 387 9.4.2 Bipolar Common-Emitter Example 390 9.4.3 CMOS Differential Pair Example 392 9.4.4 Fiber-Optic Transimpedance Amplifier Example 395 9.5 Dynamic Range Performance 397 9.5.1 Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) 398 9.5.2 Third-Order Intercept Point (IP3) 400 9.5.3 Spurious-Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) 402 9.5.4 Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio (SNDR) 404 9.6 Key Points 405 9.7 References 406 9.8 Problems 406 CHAPTER 10 COMPARATORS 413 10.1 Comparator Specifications 413 10.1.1 Input Offset and Noise 413 10.1.2 Hysteresis 414 10.2 Using an Opamp for a Comparator 415 10.2.1 Input-Offset Voltage Errors 417 10.3 Charge-Injection Errors 418 10.3.1 Making Charge-Injection Signal Independent 421 10.3.2 Minimizing Errors Due to Charge-Injection 421 10.3.3 Speed of Multi-Stage Comparators 424 10.4 Latched Comparators 426 10.4.1 Latch-Mode Time Constant 428 10.4.2 Latch Offset 430 10.5 Examples of CMOS and BiCMOS Comparators 432 10.5.1 Input-Transistor Charge Trapping 435 10.6 Examples of Bipolar Comparators 437 10.7 Key Points 439 10.8 References 440 10.9 Problems 441 CHAPTER 11 SAMPLE-AND-HOLD AND TRANSLINEAR CIRCUITS 444 11.1 Performance of Sample-and-Hold Circuits 444 11.1.1 Testing Sample-and-Holds 445 11.2 MOS Sample-and-Hold Basics 446 11.3 Examples of CMOS S/H Circuits 452 11.4 Bipolar and BiCMOS Sample-and-Holds 456 11.5 Translinear Gain Cell 460 11.6 Translinear Multiplier 462 11.7 Key Points 464 11.8 References 465 11.9 Problems 466 CHAPTER 12 CONTINUOUS-TIME FILTERS 469 12.1 Introduction to Continuous-Time Filters 469 12.1.1 First-Order Filters 470 12.1.2 Second-Order Filters 470 12.2 Introduction to Gm-C Filters 471 12.2.1 Integrators and Summers 472 12.2.2 Fully Differential Integrators 473 12.2.3 First-Order Filter 475 12.2.4 Biquad Filter 477 12.3 Transconductors Using Fixed Resistors 478 12.4 CMOS Transconductors Using Triode Transistors 483 12.4.1 Transconductors Using a Fixed-Bias Triode Transistor 484 12.4.2 Transconductors Using Varying Bias-Triode Transistors 486 12.4.3 Transconductors Using Constant Drain-Source Voltages 490 12.5 CMOS Transconductors Using Active Transistors 492 12.5.1 CMOS Pair 493 12.5.2 Constant Sum of Gate-Source Voltages 494 12.5.3 Source-Connected Differential Pair 495 12.5.4 Inverter-Based 495 12.5.5 Differential-Pair with Floating Voltage Sources 496 12.5.6 Bias-Offset Cross-Coupled Differential Pairs 499 12.6 Bipolar Transconductors 499 12.6.1 Gain-Cell Transconductors 500 12.6.2 Transconductors Using Multiple Differential Pairs 502 12.7 BiCMOS Transconductors 506 12.7.1 Tunable MOS in Triode 506 12.7.2 Fixed-Resistor Transconductor with a Translinear Multiplier 507 12.7.3 Fixed Active MOS Transconductor with a Translinear Multiplier 508 12.8 Active RC and MOSFET-C Filters 509 12.8.1 Active RC Filters 510 12.8.2 MOSFET-C Two-Transistor Integrators 512 12.8.3 Four-Transistor Integrators 515 12.8.4 R-MOSFET-C Filters 516 12.9 Tuning Circuitry 517 12.9.1 Tuning Overview 517 12.9.2 Constant Transconductance 519 12.9.3 Frequency Tuning 520 12.9.4 Q-Factor Tuning 522 12.9.5 Tuning Methods Based on Adaptive Filtering 523 12.10 Introduction to Complex Filters 525 12.10.1 Complex Signal Processing 525 12.10.2 Complex Operations 526 12.10.3 Complex Filters 527 12.10.4 Frequency-Translated Analog Filters 528 12.11 Key Points 531 12.12 References 532 12.13 Problems 534 CHAPTER 13 DISCRETE-TIME SIGNALS 537 13.1 Overview of Some Signal Spectra 537 13.2 Laplace Transforms of Discrete-Time Signals 537 13.2.1 Spectra of Discrete-Time Signals 540 13.3 z-Transform 541 13.4 Downsampling and Upsampling 543 13.5 Discrete-Time Filters 545 13.5.1 Frequency Response of Discrete-Time Filters 545 13.5.2 Stability of Discrete-Time Filters 548 13.5.3 IIR and FIR Filters 550 13.5.4 Bilinear Transform 550 13.6 Sample-and-Hold Response 552 13.7 Key Points 554 13.8 References 555 13.9 Problems 555 CHAPTER 14 SWITCHED-CAPACITOR CIRCUITS 557 14.1 Basic Building Blocks 557 14.1.1 Opamps 557 14.1.2 Capacitors 558 14.1.3 Switches 558 14.1.4 Nonoverlapping Clocks 559 14.2 Basic Operation and Analysis 560 14.2.1 Resistor Equivalence of a Switched Capacitor 560 14.2.2 Parasitic-Sensitive Integrator 563 14.2.3 Parasitic-Insensitive Integrators 565 14.2.4 Signal-Flow-Graph Analysis 569 14.3 Noise in Switched-Capacitor Circuits 570 14.4 First-Order Filters 572 14.4.1 Switch Sharing 575 14.4.2 Fully Differential Filters 575 14.5 Biquad Filters 577 14.5.1 Low-Q Biquad Filter 577 14.5.2 High-Q Biquad Filter 581 14.6 Charge Injection 585 14.7 Switched-Capacitor Gain Circuits 588 14.7.1 Parallel Resistor-Capacitor Circuit 588 14.7.2 Resettable Gain Circuit 588 14.7.3 Capacitive-Reset Gain Circuit 591 14.8 Correlated Double-Sampling Techniques 593 14.9 Other Switched-Capacitor Circuits 594 14.9.1 Amplitude Modulator 594 14.9.2 Full-Wave Rectifier 595 14.9.3 Peak Detectors 596 14.9.4 Voltage-Controlled Oscillator 596 14.9.5 Sinusoidal Oscillator 598 14.10 Key Points 600 14.11 References 601 14.12 Problems 602 CHAPTER 15 DATA CONVERTER FUNDAMENTALS 606 15.1 Ideal D/A Converter 606 15.2 Ideal A/D Converter 608 15.3 Quantization Noise 609 15.3.1 Deterministic Approach 609 15.3.2 Stochastic Approach 610 15.4 Signed Codes 612 15.5 Performance Limitations 614 15.5.1 Resolution 614 15.5.2 Offset and Gain Error 615 15.5.3 Accuracy and Linearity 615 15.6 Key Points 620 15.7 References 620 15.8 Problems 620 CHAPTER 16 NYQUIST-RATE D/A CONVERTERS 623 16.1 Decoder-Based Converters 623 16.1.1 Resistor-String Converters 623 16.1.2 Folded Resistor-String Converters 625 16.1.3 Multiple Resistor-String Converters 626 16.1.4 Signed Outputs 628 16.2 Binary-Scaled Converters 629 16.2.1 Binary-Weighted Resistor Converters 629 16.2.2 Reduced-Resistance-Ratio Ladders 630 16.2.3 R-2R-Based Converters 631 16.2.4 Charge-Redistribution Switched-Capacitor Converters 632 16.2.5 Current-Mode Converters 633 16.2.6 Glitches 633 16.3 Thermometer-Code Converters 634 16.3.1 Thermometer-Code Current-Mode D/A Converters 636 16.3.2 Single-Supply Positive-Output Converters 637 16.3.3 Dynamically Matched Current Sources 638 16.4 Hybrid Converters 640 16.4.1 Resistor-Capacitor Hybrid Converters 640 16.4.2 Segmented Converters 640 16.5 Key Points 642 16.6 References 643 16.7 Problems 643 CHAPTER 17 NYQUIST-RATE A/D CONVERTERS 646 17.1 Integrating Converters 646 17.2 Successive-Approximation Converters 650 17.2.1 D/A-Based Successive Approximation 652 17.2.2 Charge-Redistribution A/D 653 17.2.3 Resistor-Capacitor Hybrid 658 17.2.4 Speed Estimate for Charge-Redistribution Converters 659 17.2.5 Error Correction in Successive-Approximation Converters 660 17.2.6 Multi-Bit Successive-Approximation 662 17.3 Algorithmic (or Cyclic) A/D Converter 662 17.3.1 Ratio-Independent Algorithmic Converter 663 17.4 Pipelined A/D Converters 667 17.4.1 One-Bit-Per-Stage Pipelined Converter 667 17.4.2 1.5 Bit Per Stage Pipelined Converter 670 17.4.3 Pipelined Converter Circuits 673 17.4.4 Generalized k-Bit-Per-Stage Pipelined Converters 673 17.5 Flash Converters 674 17.5.1 Issues in Designing Flash A/D Converters 675 17.6 Two-Step A/D Converters 678 17.6.1 Two-Step Converter with Digital Error Correction 679 17.7 Interpolating A/D Converters 681 17.8 Folding A/D Converters 684 17.9 Time-Interleaved A/D Converters 687 17.10 Key Points 690 17.11 References 691 17.12 Problems 692 CHAPTER 18 OVERSAMPLING CONVERTERS 696 18.1 Oversampling without Noise Shaping 696 18.1.1 Quantization Noise Modelling 697 18.1.2 White Noise Assumption 697 18.1.3 Oversampling Advantage 698 18.1.4 The Advantage of 1-Bit D/A Converters 700 18.2 Oversampling with Noise Shaping 701 18.2.1 Noise-Shaped Delta-Sigma Modulator 702 18.2.2 First-Order Noise Shaping 703 18.2.3 Switched-Capacitor Realization of a First-Order A/D Converter 705 18.2.4 Second-Order Noise Shaping 705 18.2.5 Noise Transfer-Function Curves 707 18.2.6 Quantization Noise Power of 1-Bit Modulators 708 18.2.7 Error-Feedback Structure 708 18.3 System Architectures 710 18.3.1 System Architecture of Delta-Sigma A/D Converters 710 18.3.2 System Architecture of Delta-Sigma D/A Converters 712 18.4 Digital Decimation Filters 713 18.4.1 Multi-Stage 714 18.4.2 Single Stage 716 18.5 Higher-Order Modulators 717 18.5.1 Interpolative Architecture 717 18.5.2 Multi-Stage Noise Shaping (MASH) Architecture 718 18.6 Bandpass Oversampling Converters 720 18.7 Practical Considerations 721 18.7.1 Stability 721 18.7.2 Linearity of Two-Level Converters 722 18.7.3 Idle Tones 724 18.7.4 Dithering 725 18.7.5 Opamp Gain 725 18.8 Multi-Bit Oversampling Converters 726 18.8.1 Dynamic Element Matching 726 18.8.2 Dynamically Matched Current Source D/A Converters 727 18.8.3 Digital Calibration A/D Converter 727 18.8.4 A/D with Both Multi-Bit and Single-Bit Feedback 728 18.9 Third-Order A/D Design Example 729 18.10 Key Points 731 18.11 References 733 18.12 Problems 734 CHAPTER 19 PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS 737 19.1 Basic Phase-Locked Loop Architecture 737 19.1.1 Voltage-Controlled Oscillator 738 19.1.2 Divider 739 19.1.3 Phase Detector 740 19.1.4 Loop Filer 745 19.1.5 The PLL in Lock 746 19.2 Linearized Small-Signal Analysis 747 19.2.1 Second-Order PLL Model 748 19.2.2 Limitations of the Second-Order Small-Signal Model 750 19.2.3 PLL Design Example 752 19.3 Jitter and Phase Noise 754 19.3.1 Period Jitter 758 19.3.2 P-Cycle Jitter 758 19.3.3 Adjacent Period Jitter 759 19.3.4 Other Spectral Representations of Jitter 760 19.3.5 Probability Density Function of Jitter 761 19.4 Electronic Oscillators 763 19.4.1 Ring Oscillators 764 19.4.2 LC Oscillators 768 19.4.3 Phase Noise of Oscillators 770 19.5 Jitter and Phase Noise in PLLS 774 19.5.1 Input Phase Noise and Divider Phase Noise 775 19.5.2 VCO Phase Noise 775 19.5.3 Loop Filter Noise 776 19.6 Key Points 779 19.7 References 779 19.8 Problems 780 INDEX 783
£45.59
John Wiley & Sons Inc RF Circuit Design
Book SynopsisThis revised edition immerses practicing and aspiring industry professionals in the complex world of RF design.Table of ContentsPREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION xix PART 1 DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES AND SKILLS 1 1 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RF AND DIGITAL CIRCUIT DESIGN 3 1.1 Controversy 3 1.2 Difference of RF and Digital Block in a Communication System 6 1.3 Conclusions 9 1.4 Notes for High-Speed Digital Circuit Design 9 2 REFLECTION AND SELF-INTERFERENCE 15 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Voltage Delivered from a Source to a Load 16 2.3 Power Delivered from a Source to a Load 23 2.4 Impedance Conjugate Matching 33 2.5 Additional Effect of Impedance Matching 42 3 IMPEDANCE MATCHING IN THE NARROW-BAND CASE 61 3.1 Introduction 61 3.2 Impedance Matching by Means of Return Loss Adjustment 63 3.3 Impedance Matching Network Built by One Part 68 3.4 Impedance Matching Network Built by Two Parts 74 3.5 Impedance Matching Network Built By Three Parts 84 3.6 Impedance Matching When ZS Or ZL Is Not 50 85 3.7 Parts In An Impedance Matching Network 93 4 IMPEDANCE MATCHING IN THE WIDEBAND CASE 131 4.1 Appearance of Narrow and Wideband Return Loss on a Smith Chart 131 4.2 Impedance Variation Due to the Insertion of One Part Per Arm or Per Branch 136 4.3 Impedance Variation Due to the Insertion of Two Parts Per Arm or Per Branch 145 4.4 Partial Impedance Matching for an IQ (in Phase Quadrature) Modulator in a UWB (Ultra Wide Band) System 151 4.5 Discussion of Passive Wideband Impedance Matching Network 174 5 IMPEDANCE AND GAIN OF A RAW DEVICE 181 5.1 Introduction 181 5.2 Miller Effect 183 5.3 Small-Signal Model of a Bipolar Transistor 187 5.4 Bipolar Transistor with CE (Common Emitter) Configuration 190 5.5 Bipolar Transistor with CB (Common Base) Configuration 204 5.6 Bipolar Transistor with CC (Common Collector) Configuration 214 5.7 Small-Signal Model of a MOSFET 221 5.8 Similarity Between a Bipolar Transistor and a MOSFET 225 5.9 MOSFET with CS (Common Source) Configuration 235 5.10 MOSFET with CG (Common Gate) Configuration 244 5.11 MOSFET with CD (Common Drain) Configuration 249 5.12 Comparison of Transistor Configuration of Single-stage Amplifiers with Different Configurations 252 6 IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT 259 6.1 Introduction 259 6.2 Scalar and Vector Voltage Measurement 260 6.3 Direct Impedance Measurement by a Network Analyzer 263 6.4 Alternative Impedance Measurement by Network Analyzer 272 6.5 Impedance Measurement Using a Circulator 276 7 GROUNDING 281 7.1 Implication of Grounding 281 7.2 Possible Grounding Problems Hidden in a Schematic 283 7.3 Imperfect or Inappropriate Grounding Examples 284 7.4 'Zero' Capacitor 290 7.5 Quarter Wavelength of Microstrip Line 300 8 EQUIPOTENTIALITY AND CURRENT COUPLING ON THE GROUND SURFACE 325 8.1 Equipotentiality on the Ground Surface 325 8.2 Forward and Return Current Coupling 335 8.3 PCB or IC Chip with Multimetallic Layers 344 9 LAYOUT 349 9.1 Difference in Layout between an Individual Block and a System 349 9.2 Primary Considerations of a PCB 350 9.3 Layout of a PCB for Testing 352 9.4 VIA Modeling 355 9.5 Runner 360 9.6 Parts 369 9.7 Free Space 371 10 MANUFACTURABILITY OF PRODUCT DESIGN 377 10.1 Introduction 377 10.2 Implication of 6σ Design 379 10.3 Approaching 6σ Design 383 10.4 Monte Carlo Analysis 386 11 RFIC (RADIO FREQUENCY INTEGRATED CIRCUIT) 401 11.1 Interference and Isolation 401 11.2 Shielding for an RF Module by a Metallic Shielding Box 403 11.3 Strong Desirability to Develop RFIC 405 11.4 Interference going along IC Substrate Path 406 11.5 Solution for Interference Coming from Sky 411 11.6 Common Grounding Rules for RF Module and RFIC Design 412 11.7 Bottlenecks in RFIC Design 414 11.8 Calculating of Quarter Wavelength 420 PART 2 RF SYSTEM 427 12 MAIN PARAMETERS AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN RF CIRCUIT DESIGN 429 12.1 Introduction 429 12.2 Power Gain 431 12.3 Noise 441 12.4 Nonlinearity 453 12.5 Other Parameters 480 12.6 Example of RF System Analysis 482 13 SPECIALITY OF "‘ZERO IF"’ SYSTEM 501 13.1 Why Differential Pair? 501 13.2 Can DC Offset be Blocked out by a Capacitor? 508 13.3 Chopping Mixer 511 13.4 DC Offset Cancellation by Calibration 516 13.5 Remark on DC Offset Cancellation 517 14 DIFFERENTIAL PAIRS 521 14.1 Fundamentals of Differential Pairs 521 14.2 CMRR (Common Mode Rejection Ratio) 533 15 RF BALUN 547 15.1 Introduction 547 15.2 Transformer Balun 549 15.3 LC Balun 571 15.4 Microstrip Line Balun 580 15.5 Mixing Type of Balun 583 16 SOC (SYSTEM-ON-A-CHIP) AND NEXT 611 16.1 SOC 611 16.2 What is Next 612 PART 3 INDIVIDUAL RF BLOCKS 625 17 LNA (LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIER) 627 17.1 Introduction 627 17.2 Single-Ended Single Device LNA 628 17.3 Single-Ended Cascode LNA 662 17.4 LNA with AGC (Automatic Gain Control) 684 18 MIXER 695 18.1 Introduction 695 18.2 Passive Mixer 698 18.3 Active Mixer 706 18.4 Design Schemes 717 19 TUNABLE FILTER 731 19.1 Tunable Filter in A Communication System 731 19.2 Coupling between two Tank Circuits 733 19.3 Circuit Description 738 19.4 Effect of Second Coupling 739 19.5 Performance 743 20 VCO (VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR) 749 20.1 "Three-Point" Types of Oscillator 749 20.2 Other Single-Ended Oscillators 755 20.3 VCO and PLL (Phase Lock Loop) 759 20.4 Design Example of a Single-Ended VCO 769 20.5 Differential VCO and Quad-Phases VCO 778 21 PA (POWER AMPLIFIER) 789 21.1 Classification of PA 789 21.2 Single-Ended PA 794 21.3 Single-Ended PA IC Design 798 21.4 Push–Pull PA Design 799 21.5 PA with Temperature Compensation 822 21.6 PA with Output Power Control 823 21.7 Linear PA 824 References 828 Further Reading 828 Exercises 829 Answers 829 INDEX 833
£133.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Design of Integrated Circuits for Optical
Book SynopsisThe only book on integrated circuits for optical communications that fully covers High-Speed IOs, PLLs, CDRs, and transceiver design including optical communication The increasing demand for high-speed transport of data has revitalized optical communications, leading to extensive work on high-speed device and circuit design.Table of ContentsPreface to First Edition xiii Preface xv About the Author xvii 1 Introduction to Optical Communications 1 1.1 Brief History 1 1.2 Generic Optical System 2 1.3 Design Challenges 5 1.4 State of the Art 6 2 Basic Concepts 8 2.1 Properties of Random Binary Data 8 2.2 Generation of Random Data 12 2.3 Data Formats 14 2.4 Effect of Bandwidth Limitation on Random Data 16 2.5 Effect of Noise on Random Data 21 2.6 Phase Noise and Jitter 24 2.7 Transmission Lines 30 3 Optical Devices 36 3.1 Laser Diodes 36 3.2 Optical Fibers 46 3.3 Photodiodes 55 3.4 Optical Systems 58 4 Transimpedance Amplifiers 62 4.1 General Considerations 62 4.2 Open-Loop TIAs 73 4.3 Feedback TIAs 87 4.4 Supply Rejection 97 4.5 Differential TIAs 100 4.6 High-Performance Techniques 103 4.7 Automatic Gain Control 114 4.8 Case Studies 118 4.9 New Developments in TIA Design 122 5 Limiting Amplifiers and Output Buffers 130 5.1 General Considerations 130 5.2 Broadband Techniques 138 5.3 Output Buffers 149 5.4 Distributed Amplification 159 5.5 Other Broadband Techniques 171 6 Oscillator Fundamentals 185 6.1 General Considerations 185 6.2 Ring Oscillators 187 6.3 LC Oscillators 198 6.4 Voltage-Controlled Oscillators 211 6.5 Mathematical Model of VCOs 227 7 LC Oscillators 233 7.1 Monolithic Inductors 233 7.2 Monolithic Varactors 246 7.3 Basic LC Oscillators 248 7.4 Quadrature Oscillators 255 7.5 Distributed Oscillators 261 8 Phase-Locked Loops 264 8.1 Simple PLL 264 8.2 Charge-Pump PLLs 280 8.3 Nonideal Effects in PLLs 293 8.4 Delay-Locked Loops 300 8.5 Applications 302 9 Clock and Data Recovery 308 9.1 General Considerations 308 9.2 Phase Detectors for Random Data 320 9.3 Frequency Detectors for Random Data 333 9.4 CDR Architectures 338 9.5 Jitter in CDR Circuits 344 10 Multiplexers and Laser Drivers 356 10.1 Multiplexers 356 10.2 Frequency Dividers 364 10.3 Laser and Modulator Drivers 374 10.4 Design Principles 378 10.5 New Developments in Laser Driver Design 385 11 Burst-Mode Circuits 393 11.1 Passive Optical Networks 393 11.2 Burst-Mode TIAs 395 11.3 Burst-Mode CDR Circuits 404 11.4 Alternative BM CDR Architectures 413 Index 417
£99.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Embedded Systems
Book SynopsisPresented in three parts, this book provides readers with an immersive introduction to this rapidly growing segment of the computer industry.Table of ContentsPreface xv Contributors xvii 1 Low Power Multicore Processors for Embedded Systems 1 Fumio Arakawa 1.1 Multicore Chip with Highly Efficient Cores 1 1.2 SuperH RISC Engine Family (SH) Processor Cores 5 1.3 SH-X: A Highly Efficient CPU Core 9 1.4 SH-X FPU: A Highly Efficient FPU 20 1.5 SH-X2: Frequency and Efficiency Enhanced Core 33 1.6 SH-X3: Multicore Architecture Extension 34 1.7 SH-X4: ISA and Address Space Extension 47 2 Special-Purpose Hardware for Computational Biology 61 Siddharth Srinivasan 2.1 Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Graphics Processing Units 62 2.2 Special-Purpose Hardware and Network Topologies for MD Simulations 72 2.3 Quantum MC Applications on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays 77 2.4 Conclusions and Future Directions 82 3 Embedded GPU Design 85 Byeong-Gyu Nam and Hoi-Jun Yoo 3.1 Introduction 85 3.2 System Architecture 86 3.3 Graphics Modules Design 88 3.4 System Power Management 95 3.5 Implementation Results 99 3.6 Conclusion 102 4 Low-Cost VLSI Architecture for Random Block-Based Access of Pixels in Modern Image Sensors 107 Tareq Hasan Khan and Khan Wahid 4.1 Introduction 107 4.2 The DVP Interface 108 4.3 The iBRIDGE-BB Architecture 109 4.4 Hardware Implementation 116 4.5 Conclusion 123 5 Embedded Computing Systems on FPGAs 127 Lesley Shannon 5.1 FPGA Architecture 128 5.2 FPGA Confi guration Technology 129 5.3 Software Support 133 5.4 Final Summary of Challenges and Opportunities for Embedded Computing Design on FPGAs 135 6 FPGA-Based Emulation Support for Design Space Exploration 139 Paolo Meloni, Simone Secchi, and Luigi Raffo 6.1 Introduction 139 6.2 State of the Art 140 6.3 A Tool for Energy-Aware FPGA-Based Emulation: The MADNESS Project Experience 144 6.4 Enabling FPGA-Based DSE: Runtime-Reconfi gurable Emulators 147 6.5 Use Cases 161 7 FPGA Coprocessing Solution for Real-Time Protein Identifi cation Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry 169 Daniel Coca, István Bogdán, and Robert J. Beynon 7.1 Introduction 169 7.2 Protein Identifi cation by Sequence Database Searching Using MS/MS Data 171 7.3 Reconfi gurable Computing Platform 174 7.4 FPGA Implementation of the MS/MS Search Engine 176 7.5 Summary 180 8 Real-Time Confi gurable Phase-Coherent Pipelines 185 Robert L. Shuler, Jr., and David K. Rutishauser 8.1 Introduction and Purpose 185 8.2 History and Related Methods 188 8.3 Implementation Framework 191 8.4 Prototype Implementation 204 8.5 Assessment Compared with Related Methods 207 9 Low Overhead Radiation Hardening Techniques for Embedded Architectures 211 Sohan Purohit, Sai Rahul Chalamalasetti, and Martin Margala 9.1 Introduction 211 9.2 Recently Proposed SEU Tolerance Techniques 213 9.3 Radiation-Hardened Reconfi gurable Array with Instruction Rollback 223 9.4 Conclusion 234 10 Hybrid Partially Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Routing for 3D Networks-on-Chip 239 Sudeep Pasricha and Yong Zou 10.1 Introduction 239 10.2 Related Work 240 10.3 Proposed 4NP-First Routing Scheme 242 10.4 Experiments 250 10.5 Conclusion 255 11 Interoperability in Electronic Systems 259 Andrew Leone 11.1 Interoperability 259 11.2 The Basis for Interoperability: The OSI Model 261 11.3 Hardware 263 11.4 Firmware 266 11.5 Partitioning the System 268 11.6 Examples of Interoperable Systems 270 12 Software Modeling Approaches for Presilicon System Performance Analysis 273 Kenneth J. Schultz and Frederic Risacher 12.1 Introduction 273 12.2 Methodologies 275 12.3 Results 283 12.4 Conclusion 288 13 Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Implementation in Embedded Systems 291 Issam Hammad, Kamal El-Sankary, and Ezz El-Masry 13.1 Introduction 291 13.2 Finite Field 292 13.3 The AES 293 13.4 Hardware Implementations for AES 300 13.5 High-Speed AES Encryptor with Efficient Merging Techniques 306 13.6 Conclusion 315 14 Reconfi gurable Architecture for Cryptography over Binary Finite Fields 319 Samuel Antão, Ricardo Chaves, and Leonel Sousa 14.1 Introduction 319 14.2 Background 320 14.3 Reconfigurable Processor 333 14.4 Results 350 14.5 Conclusions 358 References 359 Index 363
£121.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Instantaneous Power Theory and Applications to
Book SynopsisThis book covers instantaneous power theory as well as the importance of design of shunt, series, and combined shunt-series power active filters and hybrid passive-active power filters Illustrates pioneering applications of the p-q theory to power conditioning, which highlights distinct differences from conventional theories Explores p-q-r theory to give a new method of analyzing the different powers in a three-phase circuit Provides exercises at the end of many chapters that are unique to the second edition Table of ContentsPREFACE xiii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Concepts and Evolution of Electric Power Theory 1 1.2 Applications of the P-q Theory to Power Electronics Equipment 4 1.3 Harmonic Voltages in Power Systems 5 1.4 Identified and Unidentified Harmonic-Producing Loads 6 1.5 Harmonic Current and Voltage Sources 8 1.6 Basic Principles of Harmonic Compensation 9 1.7 Basic Principle of Power Flow Control 13 References 15 CHAPTER 2 ELECTRIC POWER DEFINITIONS: BACKGROUND 17 2.1 Power Definitions Under Sinusoidal Conditions 18 2.2 Voltage and Current Phasors and Complex Impedance 20 2.3 Complex Power and Power Factor 21 2.4 Concepts of Power Under Nonsinusoidal Conditions: Conventional Approaches 22 2.4.1 Power Definitions by Budeanu 22 2.4.1.A Power Tetrahedron and Distortion Factor 25 2.4.2 Power Definitions by Fryze 27 2.5 Electric Power in Three-Phase Systems 28 2.5.1 Classifications of Three-Phase Systems 28 2.5.2 Power in Balanced Three-Phase Systems 31 2.5.3 Power in Three-Phase Unbalanced Systems 33 2.6 Summary 34 2.7 Exercises 34 References 35 CHAPTER 3 THE INSTANTANEOUS POWER THEORY 37 3.1 Basis of the p-q Theory 37 3.1.1 Historical Background of the p-q Theory 38 3.1.2 The Clarke Transformation 39 3.1.2.A Calculation of Voltage and Current Vectors When Zero-Sequence Components Are Excluded 41 3.1.3 Three-Phase Instantaneous Active Power in Terms of Clarke Components 43 3.1.4 The Instantaneous Powers of the p-q Theory 44 3.2 The p-q Theory in Three-Phase, Three-Wire Systems 44 3.2.1 Comparisons with the Conventional Theory 48 3.2.1.A Example #1—Sinusoidal Voltages and Currents 49 3.2.1.B Example #2—Balanced Voltages and Capacitive Loads 49 3.2.1.C Example #3—Sinusoidal Balanced Voltage and Nonlinear Load 50 3.2.2 Use of the p-q Theory for Shunt Current Compensation 54 3.2.2.A Examples of Appearance of Hidden Currents 59 3.2.3 The Dual p-q Theory 63 3.3 The p-q Theory in Three-Phase, Four-Wire Systems 65 3.3.1 The Zero-Sequence Power in a Three-Phase Sinusoidal Voltage Source 67 3.3.2 Presence of Negative-Sequence Components 68 3.3.3 General Case Including Distortions and Imbalances in the Voltages and in the Currents 69 3.3.4 Physical Meanings of the Instantaneous Real, Imaginary, and Zero-Sequence Powers 74 3.3.5 Avoiding the Clarke Transformation in the p-q Theory 75 3.3.6 Modified p-q Theory 77 3.4 Instantaneous abc Theory 81 3.4.1 Active and Nonactive Current Calculation by Means of a Minimization Method 83 3.4.2 Generalized Fryze Currents Minimization Method 88 3.5 Comparisons Between the p-q Theory and the abc Theory 91 3.5.1 Selection of Power Components to be Compensated 95 3.6 The p-q-r Theory 97 3.7 Summary 104 3.8 Exercises 105 References 106 CHAPTER 4 SHUNT ACTIVE FILTERS 111 4.1 General Description of Shunt Active Filters 113 4.1.1 PWM Converters for Shunt Active Filters 114 4.1.2 Active Filter Controllers 115 4.2 Three-Phase, Three-Wire Shunt Active Filters 118 4.2.1 Active Filters for Constant Power Compensation 119 4.2.2 Active Filters for Sinusoidal Current Control 135 4.2.2.A Positive-Sequence Voltage Detector 138 4.2.2.B Simulation Results 145 4.2.3 Active Filters for Current Minimization 145 4.2.4 Active Filters for Harmonic Damping 149 4.2.4.A Shunt Active Filter Based on Voltage Detection 151 4.2.4.B Active Filter Controller Based on Voltage Detection 152 4.2.4.C An Application Case of an Active Filter for Harmonic Damping 156 4.2.5 A Digital Controller 171 4.2.5.A System Configuration of the Digital Controller 172 4.2.5.B Current Control Methods 177 4.3 Three-Phase, Four-Wire Shunt Active Filters 180 4.3.1 Converter Topologies for Three-Phase, Four-Wire Systems 181 4.3.2 Dynamic Hysteresis-Band Current Controller 182 4.3.3 Active Filter dc Voltage Regulator 184 4.3.4 Optimal Power Flow Conditions 185 4.3.5 Constant Instantaneous Power Control Strategy 187 4.3.6 Sinusoidal Current Control Strategy 189 4.3.7 Performance Analysis and Parameter Optimization 192 4.3.7.A Influence of the System Parameters 192 4.3.7.B Dynamic Response of the Shunt Active Filter 193 4.3.7.C Economical Aspects 198 4.3.7.D Experimental Results 199 4.4 Compensation Methods Based on the p-q-r Theory 204 4.4.1 Reference Power Control Method 206 4.4.2 Reference Current Control Method 211 4.4.3 Alternative Control Method 213 4.4.4 The Simplified Sinusoidal Source Current Strategy 215 4.4.4.A The PLL Circuit and the Positive-Sequence Detector 215 4.4.4.B The Sinusoidal Source Current Control Strategy with Energy Balance Inside the Active Filter 217 4.5 Comparisons Between Control Methods Based on the p-q Theory and the p-q-r Theory 218 4.6 Shunt Selective Harmonic Compensation 224 4.7 Summary 231 4.8 Exercises 231 References 233 CHAPTER 5 HYBRID AND SERIES ACTIVE FILTERS 237 5.1 Basic Series Active Filter 237 5.2 Combined Series Active Filter and Shunt Passive Filter 239 5.2.1 Example of an Experimental System 242 5.2.1.A Compensation Principle 243 5.2.1.B Filtering Characteristics 245 5.2.1.C Control Circuit 246 5.2.1.D Filter to Suppress Switching Ripples 248 5.2.1.E Experimental Results 249 5.2.2 Some Remarks about the Hybrid Filters 252 5.3 Series Active Filter Integrated with a Double-Series Diode Rectifier 253 5.3.1 The First-Generation Control Circuit 255 5.3.1.A Circuit Configuration and Delay Time 255 5.3.1.B Stability of the Active Filter 257 5.3.2 The Second-Generation Control Circuit 258 5.3.3 Stability Analysis and Characteristics Comparison 260 5.3.3.A Transfer Function of the Control Circuits 260 5.3.3.B Characteristics Comparisons 261 5.3.4 Design of a Switching-Ripple Filter 263 5.3.4.A Design Principle 263 5.3.4.B Effect on the System Stability 263 5.3.4.C Experimental Testing 264 5.3.5 Experimental Results 266 5.4 Comparisons Between Hybrid and Pure Active Filters 268 5.4.1 Low-Voltage Transformerless Hybrid Active Filter 268 5.4.2 Low-Voltage, Transformerless, Pure Shunt Active Filter 271 5.4.3 Comparisons through Simulation Results 273 5.5 Hybrid Active Filters for Medium-Voltage Motor Drives 274 5.5.1 Hybrid Active Filter for a Three-Phase Six-Pulse Diode Rectifier 275 5.5.1.A System Configuration 275 5.5.1.B Experimental System 277 5.5.1.C Control System 277 5.5.1.D Common Sixth-Harmonic Zero-Sequence Voltage Injection 281 5.5.1.E Three-Phase Second-Harmonic Negative Sequence Voltages Injection 283 5.5.1.F Experimental Results 286 5.5.1.G Appendix 292 5.5.2 Hybrid Active Filter for a Three-Phase 12-Pulse Diode Rectifier 292 5.5.2.A Medium-Voltage High-Power Motor Drive Systems 293 5.5.2.B Experimental System 295 5.5.2.C Control System 298 5.5.2.D Three-Phase Second-Harmonic Negative Sequence Voltages Injection 300 5.5.2.E Experimental Results 303 5.5.2.F Overall System Efficiency 308 5.6 Summary 308 5.7 Exercises 309 References 310 CHAPTER 6 COMBINED SERIES AND SHUNT POWER CONDITIONERS 313 6.1 The Unified Power Flow Controller 314 6.1.1 FACTS and UPFC Principles 315 6.1.1.A Voltage Regulation Principle 317 6.1.1.B Power Flow Control Principle 318 6.1.2 A Controller Design for the UPFC 321 6.1.3 UPFC Approach Using a Shunt Multipulse Converter 328 6.1.3.A Six-Pulse Converter 328 6.1.3.B Quasi 24-Pulse Converter 332 6.1.3.C Control of Active and Reactive Power in Multipulse Converters 334 6.1.3.D Shunt Multipulse Converter Controller 336 6.2 The Unified Power Quality Conditioner 339 6.2.1 General Description of the UPQC 340 6.2.2 A Three-Phase, Four-Wire UPQC 342 6.2.2.A Power Circuit of the UPQC 343 6.2.2.B The UPQC Controller 344 6.2.2.C Analysis of the UPQC Dynamic 353 6.2.3 The UPQC Combined with Passive Filters (the Hybrid UPQC) 370 6.2.3.A Controller of the Hybrid UPQC 374 6.2.3.B Experimental Results 380 6.3 The Universal Active Power Line Conditioner 386 6.3.1 General Description of the UPLC 386 6.3.2 The Controller of the UPLC 389 6.3.2.A Controller for Configuration #2 of the UPLC 396 6.3.3 Performance of the UPLC 397 6.3.3.A Normalized System Parameters 397 6.3.3.B Simulation Results of Configuration #1 of the UPLC 401 6.3.3.C Simulation Results of Configuration #2 of the UPLC 409 6.3.4 General Aspects 411 6.4 Combined Shunt-Series Filters for AC and DC Sides of Three-Phase Rectifiers 411 6.4.1 The Combined Shunt-Series Filter 414 6.4.2 Instantaneous Real and Imaginary Powers in the ac Source 415 6.4.3 The Instantaneous Power in the dc Side of the Rectifier 416 6.4.4 Comparison of Instantaneous Powers on the ac and dc Sides of the Rectifier 418 6.4.5 Control Algorithm of the Active Shunt-Series Filter 418 6.4.6 The Common dc Link 421 6.4.7 Digital Simulation 424 6.4.8 Experimental Results 426 6.5 Summary 427 6.6 Exercises 428 References 429 INDEX 431
£103.46
