Dictionaries, Reference & Language Books

Book SynopsisGuiding readers through the unique challenges and choices presented by digital publication, this book provides a practical set of tools to help students, creatives, and content professionals craft emotionally engaging nonfiction stories for online readers and listeners.From considering what story to tell, to bringing narratives to life in practice, Anna Faherty explains what gives stories their unique power and demonstrates how to successfully combine techniques from short-stories and screenwriting with journalistic practices like fact checking and verification. Examples from corporate websites, personal blogs, podcasts, and social media set out how to attract and involve readers and listeners, and how to prompt them to take action. Readers will come away with a straightforward framework for planning and crafting storytelling projects and an understanding of text and script development, copyright, and editing. Each chapter includes summaries of key principles and practical wrTable of ContentsAcknowledgementsAbout this bookPart 1: Understanding audiences and storiesChapter 1: Understanding online readers and listenersChapter 2: How we respond to stories: The Story FunnelChapter 3: Six essential story ingredientsPart 2: Developing online and audio storiesChapter 4: Storytelling with purposeChapter 5: Constructing your storyChapter 6: Telling your storyChapter 7: Writing for listenersChapter 8: Reviewing, editing, and publishing your storyIndex

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Book SynopsisIs it possible to learn something without being aware of it? How does emotion influence the way we think? How can we improve our memory?Fundamentals of Cognition, Fourth Edition, provides a basic, reader-friendly introduction to the key cognitive processes we use to interact successfully with the world around us. Our abilities in attention, perception, learning, memory, language, problem solving, thinking, and reasoning are all vitally important in enabling us to cope with everyday life. Understanding these processes through the study of cognitive psychology is essential for understanding human behaviour.This edition has been thoroughly updated and revised with an emphasis on making it even more accessible to introductory-level students. This new edition includes: updated references for readers who are looking for more detailed information; checks to make sure that statements made in the previous version are still valid, given recent findingTrade Review'Eysenck and Brysbaert have produced the ideal introduction to cognitive psychology. It combines breadth of coverage with a depth of scholarship that allows the text to be readily accessible without being overly simplistic, draws on the best examples of contemporary research while incorporating important historical perspectives, and engages the reader with established findings and scientific challenges alike.' Robert Logie, Professor of Human Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, UK 'A splendid introduction to cognitive psychology that emphasises the applications of the subject, and how people actually manage to live and operate in the world. The level of detail is just right. It is written in a lively and engaging manner, and will quickly take a reader who knows nothing of the area to a level of considerable expertise.' Trevor Harley, Emeritus Professor of Psychology, University of Dundee, UK 'As stated by the title, this book is a fundamental for any psychology student. Despite the big challenge of presenting what we know about human cognition, Eysenck and Brysbaert manage to cover all domains of cognitive psychology, while providing clear learning objectives, definitions of the most important concepts, and helpful examples or activities to support step-by-step students in their discovery of this exciting field of psychology.' Valérie Camos, Professor of Developmental Psychology, University of Fribourg, Switzerland 'Fundamentals of Cognition by Eysenck and Brysbaert is a great introductory textbook on cognition. At the beginning of each chapter the learning objectives are given and throughout the book important key terms are listed. One aspect that makes this book really compelling is that in each chapter there is a section called "In The Real World" where the students can learn how findings from cognition research are used in everyday life. This makes this book unique, and unlike all others.' Jan Theeuwes, Professor of Cognitive Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands Table of Contents1. What is cognitive psychology? 2. Visual perception 3. Attention and performance 4. Short-term and working memory 5. Learning and long-term memory 6. Knowledge in semantic memory 7. Everyday memory 8. Language 9. Problem solving 10. Judgement, decision making, and reasoning 11. Cognition and emotion

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Book SynopsisThis bestselling textbook offers an accessible introduction to the application of cognitive psychology, looking at how the findings of cognitive psychologists have been put to use in real life.Using real-world scenarios and engaging everyday examples, the book offers clear explanations of how cognitive psychology can be applied in the real world, as well as the different methods, theories and models of research employed. It explores all of the major areas of cognitive psychology, including attention, perception, memory, thinking and decision making, as well as some of the factors that affect cognitive processes, such as drugs and biological cycles. The third edition has been thoroughly updated to include new material on working memory training and prospective cognition.Written by well-respected experts in the field, this textbook will appeal to all undergraduate students of cognitive psychology, as well as students of applied and forensic psychology.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook presents a technical, yet accessible, introduction to the interdisciplinary field of industrial ecology.The textbook begins with the history of industrial ecology, and progresses through common industrial ecology tools to explore and understand sustainability across the three paradigms of environment, economy, and society. Tools include material flow analysis, life cycle assessment, and economics. Interwoven into this is the role of human behaviour, and its influence on technical industrial ecology solutions, in particular why it is critical to consider from an engineering and science context. Project based and community based learning are also included as an opportunity to provide experiential learning applying industrial ecology concepts and tools. The book also includes a dedicated chapter on Emerging and Developing Economies which introduces readers to the idea of different trajectories of development, and the role of industrial ecology in shaping these developments. Using the tools covered earlier in the textbook, the book includes five case study chapters which focus on food, energy, water, climate change and carbon capture and utilization.The book contains chapter questions and discussion points to aid student learning.This textbook is essential reading for those studying industrial ecology and environmental and sustainable engineering.

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Book SynopsisLanguage in Society introduces the study of the relationship between language and society, also known as sociolinguistics, without assuming any prior knowledge of linguistics. Introducing the key concepts in an accessible way, Lee illustrates how language develops constantly as a response to society and must be understood in the context of societal norms, processes and events. The book: - Provides a short history of the field and explores the types of questions that can be asked in sociolinguistics as well as its methods - Introduces essential concepts such as sociolinguistic variation, multilingualism, contact languages - Discusses contemporary topics including issues of language endangerment, language and justice, as well as language and computing - Includes examples and case studies from the Asia Pacific and focuses on highlighting research from the Southern hemisphere - Provides discussions of the future trajectory of the field and some reflection points on p

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Book SynopsisStandards, Emergence, and Complex Outcomes redefines how we think about standards, framing them as interfaces that govern interactions and connect causes to their effects. Expanding beyond traditional technical and geopolitical discussions, Garcia introduces a fresh theoretical perspective that positions standards as central to understanding complexity. From food safety and workplace regulations to standardized parts in manufacturing and our reliance on technology, standards shape nearly every aspect of modern life.By proposing a multidimensional approach, Garcia argues that standards are the mechanisms driving change, complexity is the backdrop for this change, emergence is the process by which change unfolds, and evolution is its ultimate outcome. Each chapter explores key elements of complexity theory and supports them with compelling historical and empirical examples, providing a richly detailed narrative that deepens understanding.This book is an essential

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Book SynopsisCovering the sweep of Russian history from empire to Soviet Union to post-Soviet state, this new edition of Russia's Long Twentieth Century is an accessible textbook that encourages students to start a lively conversation with Russiaâs storied past. Chronologically organized, the book moves beyond the traditional Cold War framework, situating Russian history within world history. It covers topics including state power, political ideology, economic change, and foreign policy, highlighting the perspectives of âœordinaryâ people and exploring the impacts of race, ethnicity, nationality, gender, and generation on historical experience. Taking an inquiry-based approach, the authors show how scholars diverge sharply in their understanding of key events, historical processes, and personalities. Each chapter contains a selection of primary sources and discussion questions, engaging with the voices and experiences of diverse Soviet citizens and familiarizing students with the t

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Book SynopsisFundamentals of Arabic Grammar provides an authoritative guide to fuááa Arabic grammar. It is organized to promote a thorough understanding of this grammar and presents its complexities in a cohesive and user-friendly format. Explanations are clear, accessible, with ample cross-referencing. Two generous indices, one in Arabic and the other in English, and eight appendices provide users with easy access to related information. No prior knowledge of linguistic terminology is required. New to this edition are more illustrative examples, rules of breaking consonant clusters ØÙÙØÙÙØØ ØÙØÙØÙƒÙÙŽÙŠÙ'Ù and a new, more commonly used transcription system, in addition to ample illustration of verbs with their conjugation and use. Features include expert treatment of a full range of grammar topics and structures, including the case system, ÊiáÄfa, the equational sentence, quantifiers and much more, all generously spread across thirty-eight chapters. Special attention to parts of speech, such as verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions at the beginning of the book, acquaints learners with the basic units of Arabic and provides a solid foundation for further learning. A wide range of examples provides solid context to grammar points. Grammatical terms are given in both Arabic and English. A wide variety of supplementary learning resources such as practice sheets, exercises and verb tables are available for free download at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415710046/. The bibliography incorporates primary Arabic grammar sources in addition to secondary sources in Arabic and in English. Fundamentals of Arabic Grammar has been field tested over several years and is authored by a highly experienced teacher of Arabic. This book has proven to be an essential resource for students and teachers of Arabic at all university levels. It is suitable for use both as a companion reference text in Arabic language courses and as a stand-alone text for independent grammar classes.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a detailed account of the history, consequences, and events leading up to the âInkathagate Scandalâ which changed the course of South African history. It states that Inkathagate was the work of one man â Brian Morrow â who outraged by the racism, corruption and torture rife in the Security Branch of the South African Police in Durban where he worked, resolved to do something to expose the reality of apartheid hidden from white South Africa and the world. It also discusses the Inkatha files, which Morrow had covertly copied and handed to the media in 1991, and also analyses Morrowâs purpose, ambitions, and what followed after.Print editions not for sale in Sub-Saharan Africa. This book is part of Routledgeâs co-published series 30 Years of Democracy in South Africa, in collaboration with UNISA Press, which reflects on the past years of a democratic South Africa and assesses the future opportunities and challenges.

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Book SynopsisThe Teacher's book contains comprehensive coverage of reading, writing, listening and speaking skills, while review sections reinforce the material previously learnt. Also included is access to the Teacher's Resource Centre and an eBook providing an electronic version of Student's Book.

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Book SynopsisThere's no such thing as a quiet year in video games, and 2024 has been no different. For players, a steady stream of high-profile game releases has meant there's always been something new to play regardless of what console, handheld, PC or mobile device they were using. Meanwhile, behind the scenes 2024 has been one of the most turbulent years in the history of the games industry, with widespread job losses, studio cuts, acquisitions and other controversies. Video Games Chronicle, the expert source for video game news, has covered 2024's goings-on every step of the way, and this book summarises the entire year in one handy volume. Designed like an old-school games magazine, this book presents the VGC website's best coverage of 2024 in a more traditional format. Our News section takes you through all the major stories that took place throughout the year, allowing you to relive every moment (for better or worse). Our Reviews section contains every notable VGC game review from 2024

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Book SynopsisStudying Meaning provides a comprehensive introduction to semantics and pragmatics, covering all key concepts and new developments in an accessible manner. By introducing semantics and pragmatics together, the book compares their contributions to meaning and provides a coherent view. It also highlights where the boundaries between these disciplines lie.The fourteen chapters trace the historical development of semantics and pragmatics and incorporate recent subfields such as cognitive semantics, embodiment theories, and intercultural pragmatics. The book offers an up-to-date overview of research methodologies, drawing on examples from various languages and empirical data from corpora. Each chapter ends with a list of questions and exercises. This text provides an accessible yet comprehensive exploration of how meaning is conveyed in communication, covering linguistic, cognitive, and social aspects. Online support materials are provided to enhance and deepen understanding of the text.Assuming no prior knowledge, this is essential reading for students of semantics, pragmatics, linguistics, and related fields.

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Book SynopsisIdeal for hybrid communication courses, The Communication Playbook is designed to equip students with the tools they need to develop communicative resilience in their personal and public lives, whether face-to-face or virtually.Table of ContentsPart One: Fundamentals of Communication Chapter 1: Start Right Here Chapter 2: Communicating in a Multicultural Society and World Chapter 3: The “I” Behind the Eye: Perception and the Self Part Two: Communication Messages and Skills Chapter 4: Using Verbal Messages to Help Minds Meet Chapter 5: Nonverbal Messages Speak Chapter 6: Ethical Listening Part Three: Interpersonal Communication (Person-to-Person) Chapter 7: Understanding Interpersonal Relationships Chapter 8: Handling Emotions and Relational Conflict Part Four: Group Communication Chapter 9: Team Building, Group Decision Making and Problem Solving Chapter 10: Leading with Communication to Resolve Group Conflict Part Five: Public Communication Chapter 11: Public Speaking and You Chapter 12: Researching, Supporting, and Outlining Your Speech Chapter 13: Presentation Aids and Speech Delivery Chapter 14: Informative Speaking Chapter 15: Persuasive Speaking

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Book SynopsisStreamline literacy learning with power-packed children's books Two of the most common challenges educators face is lack of time and resources. InMentor Texts That Multitask, Pam Koutrakos shows how to streamline literacy instruction by using a single mentor text to teach reading, writing, spelling, vocabulary, grammar, speaking, and listening. When you integrate literacy instruction this way, concepts start to come together more clearly for children and teachers save time and expense. This user-friendly resource is packed with ready-to-go lessons and tools to create, plan, and teach using multitasking texts. The lessons and accompanying ideas can jumpstart learning in the classroom by integrating and connecting literacy concepts in time-efficient ways. Resources include Full lessons centered on high-quality children's literature to take the guesswork out of planning A DIY section tTrade ReviewAs teachers plan for the post pandemic school year, a must-have professional resource that will guide their instruction is Mentor Texts That Multitask by Pam Koutrakos! Multi-tasking mentor texts are beloved favorites and exciting new titles that can help students learn about reading and writing! Multi-tasking texts are worthy of revisiting. They are learning tools in a student-centered classroom that invite teachers to model and students to practice then reflect on their learning experiences. Pam’s voice is powerful, and she quickly draws you into her book. Every page returns to a central point: it’s you, the teacher, who makes a huge difference in students’ learning. Using compelling examples, this book shows you how multi-tasking mentor text lessons motivate and engage students in their learning and make you want to implement instructional ideas immediately. You’ll learn how to use diverse genres and formats across grades and students’ learning stages as Pam helps you make this important work your own. Along with guidelines for creating mentor text sets, you’ll explore how to develop units with outstanding culturally relevant texts. The book opens with a matrix of featured texts and text pairings, as well as a chart of recurring features in the lessons. I guarantee that Mentor Texts That Multitask will become one of your most valued and helpful professional books—one you’ll return to again and again! -- Laura Robb * Author of Guided Practice For Reading Growth *While reading Mentor Texts that Multitask, I found myself agreeing over and over again with Koutrakos and thinking about all the ways we can become more efficient through the use of smaller, strategically chosen collections of texts. The day in and day out work we do as educators is complex and multi-faceted. In this beautiful book, Koutrakos offers us ways to maximize time and find quality resources that enhance instruction with a less is more approach. This book will be a staple on my bookshelf and as I work alongside teachers. -- Valentina Gonzalez * co-author of Reading & Writing with English Learners: A Framework for K-5 *Mentors that Multitask?! This is what all educators need. Thrilled this playful and thoughtful book exists in the world as a practical yet inspirational springboard for using books teachers love over and over again for a variety of instructional, holistic instructional purposes! Pam shares tons of ideas for integrated literacy lessons and shows us why it all matters. From the text pairings to the inquiry ideas to the high-quality (and cross-genre!) text titles, I know educators with this book in their hands will feel more confident and excited about the possibilities. It is invaluable. -- Nawal Q. Casiano * Educator, Author and Staff Developer *The moment you open Mentor Texts That Multitask it’s clear that you are in the company of a passionate professional who loves books, respects learners, and delights in bringing the two together. In this dynamic resource, you’ll benefit from Pam’s asset-based approach as she charts a path for redefining the role of mentor texts in your learning space. The flexible lesson sets offer infinite learning possibilities to illuminate and integrate the essential aspects of literacy. Pam will cheer you on as you make multitasking mentor texts work for the children in your care. -- Maria Walther * Traveling Teacher, Author, Literacy Consultant *When I am thinking through a classroom challenge or looking for insight, Pam is one of the people that I turn to. Mentor Texts that Multitask resonates with Pam′s characteristic wisdom, and it is imbued with her unshakable belief in children. This is not just a professional text, this is a transformative conversation with a powerfully capable friend. -- Cornelius Minor * Educator and Author of We Got This: Equity, Access, and the Quest to Be Who Our Students Need Us to Be *Mentor Texts That Multitask helps teachers connect different parts of the curriculum to create a more cohesive and connected set of learning experiences. Koutrakos′ model has the benefit of saving teachers time as well as supporting depth of thinking for students. It is grounded in research and classroom practice and is the type of book that teachers can return to again and again for ideas to try right away. After reading this book teachers will know how to shift to a more student-centered and inquiry-based way of using mentor texts throughout the day that brings joy, engagement, and deep learning. -- Gravity Goldberg * Author of Teach Like Yourself and Mindsets and Moves *With an emphasis and deep commitment toward asset-based instruction that is unwaveringly responsive to students, Pam Koutrakos invites readers into the endless possibilities for learning that exist within the pages of books. While Koutrakos provides replicable lessons and resources based on specific texts, she also empowers readers to be able to select their own mentor texts and develop their own lessons. Mentor Tasks That Multitask weaves research, resources, and practicality, inspiring teachers with lessons they can use right away, as well as approaches to take within classrooms that maximize minutes, learning, and joy. -- Melanie Meehan * Author of Every Child Can Write and Co-Author of The Responsive Writing Teacher *This book is not a collection of texts or an anthology of stand-alone activities. Instead, it meets students and teachers where they are and helps them grow. Pam Koutrakos shows how simple, well-chosen texts can serve in so many ways, but she also fills the air with rich teaching practice, modeling how to embed humanity, compassion and understanding into the standards. It’s a book that should go into every teacher’s tool belt. -- Gretchen Bernabei * Teacher, Consultant, and Author *Nothing (not even the greatest of books) can replace the human genius of a teacher; a teacher with a great multitasking mentor text and a practical set of tools in their hands is a force to reckon with. Pam sets us up for success by reminding us of the importance of seeing the brilliance of students through an asset-based lens and the way she guides us through our decision making process by setting up frameworks for us to think about the student process as emerging, developing, and extending is not only a refreshing way of thinking, but a necessary one. Pam invites us to think about practical ways in which we can reduce our decision fatigue by leaning into our love of books and integrating those books across our curriculum all while centering students at the heart of our classrooms. As I scan the books on my bookshelves, I can imagine how to employ them as trusted mentor texts that multitask by integrating across the elements of curriculum. From one obsessed book fan to another, thank you Pam for giving us the gift Mentor Texts that Multitask! -- Renee Houser * Author and Consultant in Los Angeles, CA *Mentor texts have been a favorite for teachers and students as a touchstone for deep learning. A big thank you to Pam Koutrakos for revealing to us an even more expansive potential of what a few carefully selected mentor texts can hold across learning contexts. What this book teaches us is a paramount implementation of responsive teaching, in a streamlined, learner-centered way. Pam’s deep pedagogical knowledge paired with a love of books of all sorts (yes, even some books we may not imagine!) brings us this seminal book that will only evolve our instruction in the most joyful and impactful ways. Pam does so through favorite text selections, ways to use those texts to teach, and a pathway for educators and students to multitask their favorite mentor texts. -- Patty McGee * Author of Feedback that Moves Writers Forward *Mentor Texts That Multitask gives educators access to one of the most authentic voices and thought leaders in literacy practices. With all angles and lenses considered, and the face of every potential student honored, Pam Koutrakos gives teachers the tools to be intentional about their use of powerful mentor texts. This gift for teachers offers a strong and manageable platform on which to build community and enhance literacy instruction in their classrooms utilizing some of the most meaningful mentor texts. -- Kathy Pina * Principal, Mary A. Hubbard Elementary School *Classroom teachers at the elementary level, middle school teachers, and literacy coaches (especially literacy coaches!) will feel equipped to teach in a meaningful and comprehensive way with Mentor Texts That Multitask. Gone are the totes loaded with books when traveling from classroom to classroom. Pam invites teachers to open a book, any book, and list the learning possibilities that can be pulled out of it. -- Viviana Tamas * Instructional Coach at Ward Elementary School in New Rochelle, NY *Mentor Texts that Multitask is a must-read for every educator, instructional coach, and literacy leader! Pam Koutrakos’ latest book shares limitless possibilities on simplifying instruction into smaller collections of strategies that are layered with multidimensional texts! Her work is both student-centered and teacher-supportive. She eliminates the myth of "more books" by outlining a framework where books can be used in a variety of ways through flexible design and multifaceted learning. This book is an educator’s dream! -- Jigisha Vyas * Instructional Coach. Wyckoff School District, NJ *One thing I often hear from educators is they wish they had more time--more time to plan, more time to play and practice, more time to READ! Pam Koutrakos’ Mentor Texts that Multitask tackles this challenge of time with thoughtfulness, innovation, and clarity. This text not only provides teachers with a rich list of student-centered learning experiences, but also shares a roadmap of how to implement these experiences in conjunction with authentic, engaging texts. The strategies Pam gives teachers have the beautiful balance of being supported by research while also being practical and adaptable for the classroom. You can read through a chapter, select a text type, choose which lesson(s) best match your students′ next steps and implement that lesson the following day. A true gift. Pam has shown us that less can be more. We don’t have to select a new text every lesson and there is real power in revisiting a mentor text through various lenses and focuses. While there is no "best" or "perfect" book, this resource certainly comes close to being the best time-saving gift for educators to select and plan lessons with rich texts at the center. -- Katie McGrath * Instructional Facilitator, Loudoun County Public Schools *This book deserves a space on every educator′s bookshelf. In Mentor Texts that Multitask, Pamela Koutrakos understands that the never-ending search for "perfect" mentor texts can eat up time that educators could use to prepare for student-centered responsive literacy instruction. Her carefully chosen texts and thoughtfully crafted lesson sets leave the reader inspired to try them out with learners. Thank you, Pam, for ensuring that we feel confident enough to curate our own stack of multitasking texts, facilitate affirming and integrated literacy learning experiences, and engage students in the process! -- Heather Frank, PhD * Heather Frank, PhD, Literacy Consultant *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Introduction Part 1: The Essentials of Multitasking Mentor Chapter 1: What is a Multitasking Mentor Text? Chapter 2: Instructional Practices that Support Mentor Text Multitasking Part 2: Teaching with Multitasking Mentor Texts Chapter 3: Wordless Texts and Images Chapter 4: Graphic Texts Chapter 5: Realistic Fiction Chapter 6: Creative Nonfiction: Biographies, Autobiographies, and Memoir Chapter 7: Informational Texts Chapter 8: Poetry Part 3: You′ve Got This! Chapter 9: DIY Processes for Creating Multitasking Lesson Sets Chapter 10: Stepping Aside: Student-Initiated Learning with Multitasking Mentor Texts Epilogue References

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Book SynopsisIntroducing Communication Research: Paths of Inquiry teaches students the basics of communication research in an accessible manner by using student-focused real-world examples, engaging application exercises, and up-to-date resources. Donald Treadwell guides readers through the process of conducting communication research and presenting findings for a diversity of audiences, and the book emphasizes the Internet and social media as both topics of, and tools for, communication research. The Fifth Edition adds new pedagogical features, a new social media and big data section in each method chapter, coverage throughout of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and particularly in relation to reporting and presenting research; and references the latest research and data sources related to changes in communication brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Included with this title: LMS Cartridge: Import t

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Book SynopsisElegy and iambus are major forms of Greek literature which are crucial to understanding the Archaic and early Classical periods in particular. This edition gathers work by ten poets: two iambic (Semonides and Hipponax), six elegiac (Callinus, Tyrtaeus, Mimnermus, Theognis, Xenophanes, Simonides), and two writing in both forms (Archilochus and Solon). It explores a representative sample of each poet''s surviving work, while also highlighting their variety, and provides an up-to-date commentary on major pieces, including recent discoveries such as Simonides'' Plataea elegy and Archilochus'' Telephus elegy. The wide-ranging Introduction discusses such issues as poet and persona, contexts of performance, and various cultural themes (expansion and contact with foreign cultures, social and political revolution, sexuality and gender, rationalism) as well as language, style, metre, and textual transmission. The volume will be of interest to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students, as wTrade Review'Readers with WA's book in hand will be well equipped to deal with the riches of Greek elegy and iambus.' Krystyna Bartol, Exemplaria Classica'Allan's commentary is sensitive and well-edited and will offer good guidance to those who want to learn about, or embark on research on, aspects of the history of early Greek iambus and elegy.' Demetrios Yatromanolakes, EIRENE: Studia Graeca et LatinaTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Elegy and iambus as poetic forms; 2. Performance and mobility; 3. Poets and personae; 4. Society and culture; 5. Language, style, metre; 6. Transmission of the text; Greek elegy and Iambus: A Selection: Archilochus; Semonides; Callinus; Tyrtaeus; Mimnermus; Solon; Theognis; Xenophanes; Hipponax; Simonides; Commentary.

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Book SynopsisAward-winning original fiction for learners of English. At seven levels, from Starter to Advanced, this impressive selection of carefully graded readers offers exciting reading for every student's capabilities.

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Book SynopsisFour official examination papers for the 2015 revised Cambridge English: Advanced (CAE) examination from Cambridge English Language Assessment.

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Book SynopsisCambridge English First 1 authentic examination papers provide the perfect preparation tool because they are exactly like the real exam. These examination papers for the Cambridge English: First (FCE) exam provide the most authentic exam preparation available, allowing candidates to familiarise themselves with the content and format of the revised 2015 Cambridge English: First exam and to practise useful exam techniques. The Student''s Book without answers is perfect for classroom-based test practice. Audio CDs containing the recordings for the Listening test are available separately or as part of the Student''s Book Pack (containing the Student''s Book with answers and Audio CDs), also available separately.

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Book SynopsisEmpirical translation studies is a rapidly evolving research area. This volume, written by world-leading researchers, demonstrates the integration of two new research paradigms: socially-oriented and data driven approaches to empirical translation studies. These two models expand current translation studies and stimulate reader debates around how development of quantitative research methods and integration with advances in translation technologies would significantly increase the research capacities of translation studies. Highly engaging, the volume pioneers the development of socially-oriented innovative research methods to enhance the current research capacities of theoretical (descriptive) translation studies in order to tackle real-life research issues, such as environmental protection and multicultural health promotion. Illustrative case studies are used, bringing insight into advanced research methodologies of designing, developing and analysing large scale digital databases forTrade Review'The book provides a wide range of empirical research on translation, covering the most important areas where research in the area of empirical translation studies takes place.' Mario Bisiada, LINGUIST ListTable of ContentsPreface Meng Ji and Michael Oakes; 1. Advances in empirical translation studies Meng Ji; 2. Development of empirical multilingual analytical instruments Meng Ji; 3. Statistics for corpus-based and corpus-driven approaches to ETS Michael Oakes; 4. The evolving treatment of semantics in machine translation Mark Seligman; 5. Translating and disseminating World Health Organization drinking-water quality guidelines in Japan Meng Ji, Glenn Hook and Fukumoto Fumiyo; 6. Developing multilingual automatic semantic annotation systems Laura Löfberg and Paul Rayson; 7. Leveraging large Corpora for translation using the sketch engine Sara Moze and Simon Krek; 8. Developing computerised health translation readability evaluation tools Meng Ji and Zhaoming Gao; 9. Reordering techniques in Japanese and English machine translation Masaaki Nagata; 10. Audiovisual translation in mercurial mediascapes Jorge Diaz-Cintas; 11. Exploiting data-driven hybrid approaches to translation in the EXPERT project Constantin Orasa, Carla Escartin, Lianet Sepulveda Torres and Eduard Barbu; 12. Advances in speech-to-speech translation technologies Mark Seligman and Alex Waibel; 13. Challenges and opportunities of empirical translation studies Meng Ji and Michael Oakes.

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Book SynopsisThis Home Fun Booklet supports students on their A1 Movers journey. It is a fun way for children to practise English at home with parents. Practise exam vocabulary, have fun, be creative and play games in English with family and friends. Record learned words in the picture dictionary.

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive introduction to how people learn second languages (L2s), this textbook approaches the topic through five problems the L2 learner has to solve: ''breaking into'' the L2; associating forms with meanings; learning sentence structure; learning phrasal and sentential meaning; and learning the use of the L2 in context. These problems are linked throughout to the L2 acquisition of lexis, morphology, syntax, semantics, phonetics/phonology and language-use in a reader-friendly way, using key studiesto build a comprehensive picture of how L2s are learned. ''In a nutshell'' summaries of chapter sections provide helpful signposts to the developing argument, whilst end-of-chapter activities encourage the reader to reflect on the ideas presented, analyse data and think creatively about the problems encountered. The roles of innate knowledge, input, and the age at which learning starts are also considered. This essential textbook will enable students to think objectively about languagTrade Review'This book provides a very clear and accessible introduction to second language acquisition viewed from a linguistic perspective. Readers will come away with an excellent grasp of the central issues that have dominated the field, including the task facing learners and the linguistic properties that must be acquired. The effects of age, input, and the mother tongue are carefully assessed, as well as theories and debates about the nature of second language acquisition. Highly recommended as an introductory textbook for non-specialists and would-be specialists alike.' Lydia White, McGill University, MontrealTable of ContentsList of figures; List of tables; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. Second language learning: the nature of the task; 2. How words and their parts are learned; 3. Exploring the L2 learning of English verb forms; 4. How sentence structure is learned; 5. Second language learning and universal grammar; 6. How phrasal and sentential meaning are learned; 7. How sound systems are learned; 8. Real-time and contextual use of language by second language speakers; 9. The role of input in second language learning; 10. The effect of starting age on learning second languages; 11. Pulling the threads together – a theory of how second languages are learned?; Glossary; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisComplete First for Schools Second edition is the most thorough preparation for B2 First for Schools. The Workbook without answers provides further practice of language and vocabulary introduced in the Student''s Book. The downloadable Audio contains extra listening material for practice at home, including exam-style tasks.

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Book SynopsisEmbark on a journey beyond the traditional boundaries between exam preparation and real-world language with Open World Key. Each unit in the Student''s Book explores a different topic, allowing students to build up their confidence as they acquire the language and skills needed for everyday English situations as well as exams. A unique exam journey maximises students'' performance, providing a systematic route to exam success. The Workbook consolidates and extends the language and exam skills covered in the Open World Student''s Book and includes downloadable audio for the listening activities. An Online Workbook is also available, separately. Downloadable Class Audio containing the Student''s Book listening material is provided with the Teacher''s Book.

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Book SynopsisBased on in-depth analyses of original empirical school data, this book discusses key ideas concerning the social and linguistic experiences of newcomer migrant students. It is aimed at policymakers, scholars, teachers and graduate students interested in English as an additional language, migration and education and second language development.

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Book SynopsisFor anyone who wants to become a more effective writer, a more perceptive reader, and a more precise thinker, an understanding of English sentence structure is indispensable. This book shows you how to begin. Using clear and engaging examples from English, it introduces the basic concepts of syntactic structure to readers with no background in linguistics. Starting with simple, familiar phrases, and progressing to more complex sentences, it builds on what we already intuitively know, to provide a step-by-step account of why we understand these examples as we do. It then shows how that understanding can be applied to writing, helping us to avoid some of the common hallmarks of ''bad writing'', such as ambiguity, redundancy, and vagueness. A unique and valuable resource, this book will enrich your understanding of English in ways that will make you a more effective user of the language. Publisher''s note: The e-book edition of this title, like the print editions, contains color. For thosTrade Review'Deeply informed and engagingly presented, these compelling adventures succeed admirably in achieving the author's intention to reveal 'something of the hidden depth and abstract nature of our knowledge of the language we speak' and to show how 'endlessly fascinating' language is – its structure and how we can use it effectively.' Noam Chomsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and University of Arizona'Professor Freidin's book takes the reader on a delightful journey through the intricacies and idiosyncracies of English syntax, while at the same time providing a lucid, non-technical and painless introduction to current syntactic theory. The book should go a long way towards bridging the gap between linguistic theory and the study of English, greatly enriching both areas of study.' Ian Roberts, University of Cambridge'Overall, the book is inspiring for readers with or without linguistic knowledge. For readers without a linguistic background, the book approaches good/bad writing with concrete and detailed syntactic analysis using tree diagrams and color-coded text, which visually helps the readers realize and comprehend the vertical way of decomposing a sentence. For readers with some linguistic background …' Difei Zhang, Linguist List'A marvelous book that should become a classic of the linguistic literature for beginners, but also for those who enjoy discovering new, original and stimulating perspectives on things they believe they know or think they understand. The adventure starts with considerations about familiar and deceptively simple English phrases, such as coordination structures, and progresses to more complex syntactic areas, like questions and ellipsis. When discussing linguistic phenomena, the author is cautious to start from what we intuitively know, developing an extremely careful analysis that explains why the phrases and sentences analyzed are understood as they are. This book is unique in that it helps the reader to get familiar with the subtleties of English syntax and to acquire a basic knowledge of linguistic theory and, at the same time, is intensely pleasurable. I cannot imagine anyone not thinking after reading it, 'I want to be a syntactician' or 'I should have been a syntactician'.' Alain Rouveret, Emeritus Professor of Linguistics, Paris-Diderot University'This is a great book. Very clear, very well argued. … for writers in training, it would be extremely valuable. I could easily see this becoming required reading in writing classes at the undergraduate level.' Michael D. Lemonick, Freelance science journalist and Lecturer, Princeton UniversityTable of Contents1. One fish two fish: an adventure in ambiguity; 2. Exceptional students and teachers; 3. Introduction to language and linguistics; 4. A review of a book by two philosophers; 5. Bob is certain to succeed; 6. It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of good fortune must be in want of a wife; 7. Does every politician who cheats instinctively lie?; 8. Inferior defenses could then, as now, be tackled, as Vernon did at Porto Bello, Exmouth at Algiers, and Seymour at Alexandria; Concluding comment.

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Book SynopsisThis book is an essential resource for individuals entering the field of second language (L2) teaching. It provides a complete set of instructional materials and is written in easy-to-understand language. It provides concrete examples of activities for the L2 classroom, along with the theories and research that support them.

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Book SynopsisAttitudes towards spoken, signed, and written language are of significant interest to researchers in sociolinguistics, applied linguistics, communication studies, and social psychology. This is the first interdisciplinary guide to traditional and cutting-edge methods for the investigation of language attitudes. Written by experts in the field, it provides an introduction to attitude theory, helps readers choose an appropriate method, and guides through research planning and design, data collection, and analysis. The chapters include step-by-step instructions to illustrate and facilitate the use of the different methods as well as case studies from a wide range of linguistic contexts. The book also goes beyond individual methods, offering guidance on how to research attitudes in multilingual communities and in signing communities, based on historical data, with the help of priming, and by means of mixed-methods approaches.Trade Review'This brilliant new book will energise the field by offering researchers a clear and detailed overview of the latest methods to investigate language attitudes.' Jean-Marc Dewaele, Birkbeck, University of London'For those seeking to better understand and evaluate research into language attitudes, and for those wishing to conduct investigations of their own, this outstanding and comprehensive collection of clearly explained and well-exemplified chapters by leading contemporary researchers is likely to be the go-to resource for many years to come. In addition, the volume provides a valuable productive backdrop and reference point for further methodological innovation and development in this complex and challenging field.' Peter Garrett, Cardiff University'This book gives a wonderful overview of techniques and methods in language attitude research, and offers a discussion of the opportunities and challenges that investigators in this highly interdisciplinary field encounter. I can recommend this book to anyone who wants to investigate the relationship between societal and political structures and our views about language in more detail.' Nanna H. Hilton, University of GroningenTable of Contents1. An introduction to language attitudes research Ruth Kircher and Lena Zipp; Part I. Analysis of the Societal Treatment of Language: 2. Discourse analysis of print media Olivia Walsh; 3. Content analysis of social media Mercedes Durham; 4. Discourse analysis of spoken interaction John Bellamy; 5. Analysis of communication accommodation Jakob Leimgruber; 6. Variable analysis James Hawkey; Part II. Direct Methods of Attitude Elicitation: 7. Semi-structured interviews Petros Karatsareas; 8. Focus groups Michael Hornsby; 9. Questionnaires to elicit quantitative data Ruth Kircher; 10. Questionnaires to elicit qualitative data Lena Zipp; 11. Perceptual dialectology Chris Montgomery; Part III. Indirect Methods of Attitude Elicitation: 12. The matched-guise technique Verónica Loureiro-Rodríguez and Elif Acar; 13. The verbal-guise technique Marko Dragojevic and Sean Goatley-Soan; 14. The theatre-audience method Tore Kristiansen; 15. Experimental methods to elicit language attitudes among children Jasmine M. DeJesus, Radhika Santhanagopalan, and Katherine D. Kinzler; 16. The Implicit Association Test paradigm Laura Rosseel; Part IV. Overarching Issues of Language Attitudes Research: 17. Researching language attitudes in multilingual communities Bernadette O'Rourke; 18. Researching language attitudes in signing communities Annelies Kusters, Maartje De Meulder, and Erin Moriarty; 19. Researching language attitudes based on historical data Anna D. Havinga and Andreas Krogull; 20. The use of priming in language attitudes research Abby Walker, Katie Drager, and Jennifer Hay; 21. Mixed-methods approaches to the study of language attitudes Ruth Kircher and James Hawkey.

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Book SynopsisThousands of Greek verse epitaphs, covering a millennium of history, survive inscribed or painted on stone. These largely anonymous poems shed rich light on areas such as ancient moral values, religious ideas, gender relations and attitudes, as well as on the transmission and reception of ''canonical'' poetry; many of these poems are of very high literary quality. This is the first modern commentary on a selection of these poems. Problems of syntax, metre and language are fully explained, accompanied by sophisticated literary discussion of the poems. There is a full introduction to the nature of these poems and to their context within Greek ideas of death and the afterlife. This comprehensive edition will be of interest to advanced undergraduates and graduate students studying Greek literature, as well as to scholars.Trade Review'… it represents extremely good value, and is strongly recommended.' Colin Leach, Classics for AllTable of ContentsIntroduction: 1. Funerary verse-inscriptions; 2. The style of Greek epitaphic verse; 3. Who wrote Greek verse-inscriptions?; 4. Ideas of death in Greek verse-inscriptions; 5. About this edition; Source Text: Greek Epitaphic Poetry. A Selection; Editorial Matter: Commentary.

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Book SynopsisThis Element aims to elucidate the concept of language teacher agency by exploring the ''what'' question, offering major conceptualisations of agency and explaining how they shape the way we approach teacher agency. The authors then continue with the ''why'' question, and elaborate on the reasons that language teacher agency matters, based on a discussion of the varied purposes of teacher agency at multiple levels. They also acknowledge that teacher agency does not operate alone, and discuss how it intersects with such concepts as teacher identity, emotion, belief and knowledge. Based on this, they identify ways to promote teacher agency through making changes to contexts and/or actors. They then introduce the concept of collective agency and propose a multi-layered model based on an illustrative study. The Element ends with a call for a trans-perspective on understanding language teacher agency so as to facilitate the professional development of language teachers.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. What is agency?; 3. Why teacher agency matters?; 4. Teacher agency intersecting with other key constructs; 5. What can be done to enhance language teachers' sense of agency?; 6. The significance of collective agency; 7. Advancing a trans-perspective in language teacher agency research; References.

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Book SynopsisA stitch pattern dictionary is a must-have for every knitter's bookshelf. A collection of stitch combinations - everything from basic knit-and-purl stitches to more complex cables, lace and colourwork - enables knitters to create their own designs or modify existing patterns with ease.Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1 Knit and Purl Patterns 1 CHAPTER 2 Rib Patterns 37 CHAPTER 3 Bobbles and Textured Stitches 61 CHAPTER 4 Slipstitch Patterns 77 CHAPTER 5 Twist-Stitch Patterns 91 CHAPTER 6 Cable Patterns 108 CHAPTER 7 Drop-stitch, Yarn Overs, Eyelet, and Lace 142 CHAPTER 8 Borders and Edgings 160 CHAPTER 9 Creative Stitches and Combinations 173 CHAPTER 10 Color Knitting 184 Stranded Color Patterns Intarsia Patterns and Motifs Color-Slip Patterns Appendix: Glossary 235

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Book SynopsisInstant English lessons learn in a flash! TEFL Lesson Plans For Dummies is a ready-made course manual for TEFL teachers. With fully fleshed-out lessons, activities, tools, games, and resources, this book contains what is essentially an instant TEFL course.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Methodology in the Madness 7 Chapter 1: Grasping The Basics Of TEFL Teaching 9 Chapter 2: Adapting Recent Approaches and Methodologies to Your Work 19 Chapter 3: Getting Down to Planning 45 Part II: Beginner and Elementary Classes 63 Chapter 4: Getting to Know Each Other on the First Day 65 Chapter 5: Back to Basics: Using Your Own Realia 77 Chapter 6: Getting Flash with Flashcards 87 Chapter 7: Making Use of Mobile Phones 95 Chapter 8: Covering Clothes and Fashion 105 Chapter 9: Acting It Out: Using Role-Plays 113 Part III: Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate Classes 121 Chapter 10: Cultivating Classroom Language from Day One 123 Chapter 11: Back to Basics: Developing Discussions 133 Chapter 12: Thinking Outside the Book 143 Chapter 13: Watching TV Online 151 Chapter 14: Culture: Extracting Language from Art 161 Chapter 15: Communicating through Story-telling 171 Part IV: Upper Intermediate and Advanced Classes 181 Chapter 16: First Day: Improving Intonation 183 Chapter 17: Back to Basics: Teaching Varieties of English 193 Chapter 18: Traditional Resources: Delving Into Dictionaries 203 Chapter 19: Technology: Interactive Websites 213 Chapter 20: Read All About It! Focusing on the News 223 Chapter 21: Dissecting Dictogloss 233 Part V: Mixed Classes 241 Chapter 22: Chatting to Children 243 Chapter 23: Training Teens 253 Chapter 24: Making Use of Readers 263 Chapter 25: Developing Presentation Skills 273 Chapter 26: Focusing on Manners and Etiquette 283 Chapter 27: Team Work: Going on Field Trips 293 Part VI: The Part of Tens 303 Chapter 28: Ten Ways to Improve Your Teaching Skills 305 Chapter 29: Ten Ways to Make Your Students Happy 311 Index 317

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Book SynopsisTurn your inspiration into a story with clear, expert guidance Creative Writing Exercises For Dummies is a step-by-step creative writing course designed to hone your craft, regardless of ability.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Getting Started with Creative Writing Exercises 5 Chapter 1: Preparing to Create Your Writ ten Masterpiece 7 Chapter 2: Sketching Out Ideas 21 Part II: Realising That Character Is Everything 35 Chapter 3: Developing Your Characters’ Backgrounds 37 Chapter 4: Creating Drama through Dialogue 47 Chapter 5: Embodying Your Characters 57 Chapter 6: Developing Your Dialogue-Writing Skills 65 Chapter 7: Conveying Characters’ Thoughts in Style 77 Chapter 8: Choosing and Using Different Points of View 87 Chapter 9: Creating Complicated, Well-Rounded Characters 105 Part III: Painting the Picture with Description 125 Chapter 10: Navigating the Locations in Your Stories 127 Chapter 11: Appreciating the Power of the Senses 137 Chapter 12: Getting Things Done: Describing Action and Activity 147 Chapter 13: Building Character with Objects and Possessions 155 Chapter 14: Using Description to Create Atmosphere and and Suspense! 167 Chapter 15: Managing Metaphors, Similes and Symbols 187 Chapter 16: Describing the Inef fable: Saying What Can’t Be Said 203 Part IV: Developing Your Plot and Structure 213 Chapter 17: Writing a Gripping Opening 215 Chapter 18: Plot ting Your Way to Great Stories 225 Chapter 19: Making Good (Use of) Time in Your Writing 235 Chapter 20: Structuring a Longer Work of Fiction 247 Chapter 21:Tightening the Tension to Enthral Readers 257 Chapter 22: Expanding Your Ideas into Larger Narratives 267 Chapter 23: Approaching the Grand Finale: The End’s in Sight! 279 Part V: Polishing Your Product: Revising and Editing 299 Chapter 24: Reviewing and Rewriting Your Work 301 Chapter 25: Whipping Your Work into Shape 313 Chapter 26: Polishing Your Work for Publication 321 Part VI: The Part of Tens 331 Chapter 27: Ten Top Aids for Writers 333 Chapter 28: Ten Great Ways to Stay the Course 339 Index 345

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Book SynopsisGerman Visual Dictionary A visual way to learn GermanIt's a factseeing something helps us remember it. This handy guide helps you build your German vocabulary with full-color pictures that illustrate the words. You'll be able to communicate with native speakers faster as you learn and remember more words and their meanings. The book is organized by themes such as transportation, accommodations, restaurants and eating, sports, emergencies, shopping, and more, making it especially useful for travelers. Boost your learning speed today!InsideNavigate a cityHandle money like a localMaster short conversationsBe prepared for emergenciesTable of ContentsUnterwegs! Let’s go! 11 Verkehrsmittel / Means of transportation 12 Hallo! Hello! 29 Sich begrüßen und sich verabschieden / Saying hello and goodbye 30 Sich orientieren Orienting Yourself 37 In der Stadt / In the city 38 In der Natur / The natural world 48 Guten Appetit! Enjoy your meal! 55 Was gibt es zum Essen? / What is there to eat? 56 Im Restaurant / At the restaurant 78 Die Getränke / Drinks 88 Gute Nacht! Good night! 95 Die Beherbergung / The Accommodations 96 Ausstattung der Zimmer / In the bedroom 105 Das Badezimmer / In the bathroom 108 Viel Spaß! Let’s go out! 111 Das Geld / Money 112 Die Geschäfte / The stores 116 Der Einkaufsbummel / The shopping spree 122 Der Sport / Sports 136 Die Kultur / Culture 146 Achtung! Watch out! 157 Der Unfall / The accident 158 Die Notaufnahme / The emergency room 164

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive introduction to the linguistic fundamentals of modern Arabic, ideal for Arabic language learners as well as speakers interested in developing a richer understanding of language use and behavior Introduction to Arabic Linguistics presents a clear and engaging overview of the core linguistic aspects of modern Arabic, focusing on Modern Standard Arabic and Levantine Arabic. Designed to be welcoming for undergraduates without fluency in Arabic and for students with only limited familiarity with linguistics, this textbook covers all fundamental areas of Arabic linguistics. Detailed yet accessible chapters include comprehension and analysis questions, critical thinking exercises, application examples with authentic data, reading assignments, and classroom and homework projects. This valuable textbook is organized into three units which cover sounds and sound systems, word structure and meaning, and phrases and phrase structure. Author Youssef Haddad draws from both the ArabiTrade Review“Introduction to Arabic Linguistics by Youssef Haddad is the finest such discussion I have seen of how educated speakers of Arabic experience the linguistics situation of the Arab world, characterized by Arabic diglossia and multilingualism. This book is far richer and more detailed in its treatment of the topics considered in many regards than earlier similar publications. Given its depth and theoretically framed discussion, it is also more useful in many regards than standard reference grammars—a different genre of work, of course—that may ultimately contain more detail but do not seek to demonstrate the underlying systematicity of the language.” --Keith Walters, Professor Emeritus of Applied Linguistics, Portland State University Table of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgments xiv Abbreviations xv Glossary xvi About the Companion Website xxvii 1 Arabic: An Insider’s Perspective 1 1.1 My Experience with Arabic 4 1.2 My Experience with Other Languages 10 1.3 About this Book 12 Further Reading 13 PART I Arabic Sounds and Sound Systems 15 2 Speech Sounds: An Overview 17 2.1 Production of Speech Sounds 18 2.2 The International Phonetic Alphabet 21 2.3 The Arabic Writing System 23 2.4 Conclusion 27 Further Reading 27 3 Arabic Consonants and Vowels 28 3.1 Modern Standard Arabic Consonants 28 3.1.1 Place of Articulation 29 3.1.1.1 Bilabial Consonants 29 3.1.1.2 Labiodental Consonants 32 3.1.1.3 Interdental Consonants 33 3.1.1.4 Alveolar Consonants 34 3.1.1.5 Palatal Consonants 36 3.1.1.6 Velar Consonants 37 3.1.1.7 Uvular Consonants 38 3.1.1.8 Pharyngeal Consonants 39 3.1.1.9 Glottal Consonants 40 3.1.2 Voicing 41 3.1.3 Manner of Articulation 42 3.1.3.1 Oral Stops 42 3.1.3.2 Nasal Stops 45 3.1.3.3 Fricatives 45 3.1.3.4 Liquids 49 3.1.3.5 Glides 50 3.2 Modern Standard Arabic Vowels 52 3.3 Modern Standard Arabic Sounds: Putting it all Together 56 3.4 Levantine Arabic Sounds 59 3.4.1 Levantine Arabic Consonants 60 3.4.2 Levantine Arabic Vowels 62 3.4.3 Levantine Arabic Sounds: Putting it all Together 62 3.5 Conclusion 67 Further Reading 67 4 Arabic Syllable Structure and Stress 69 4.1 Syllable Structure in Modern Standard Arabic 70 4.2 Stress in Modern Standard Arabic 80 4.3 Syllable Structure and Stress in Levantine Arabic 84 4.4 Conclusion 90 Further Reading 90 5 Arabic Sound System 91 5.1 Minimal Pairs and Phonemes vs. Allophones 93 5.2 Phonological Derivation 97 5.2.1 Assimilation 97 5.2.2 Epenthesis 108 5.2.3 Syncope and Vowel Shortening 114 5.2.4 Ordering of Rules 116 5.3 Conclusion 117 Further Reading 118 PART II Arabic Words: Their Structure and Meaning 119 6 Arabic Morphology: An Overview 121 6.1 Agglutination 122 6.2 Interdigitation: Root-and-Pattern Morphology 128 6.3 Conclusion 133 Further Reading 133 7 Arabic Verbs: Form and Meaning 134 7.1 Modern Standard Arabic Verbs 134 7.2 Pattern I: C1VC2VC3 or faʕal-a/faʕil-a/faʕul-a 141 7.3 Augmented Patterns II through X 146 7.3.1 Patterns II and V: faʕʕal-a and tafaʕʕal-a 147 7.3.2 Patterns III and VI: faːʕal-a – tafaːʕal-a 150 7.3.3 Patterns IV and X: ʔafʕal-a – stafʕal-a 154 7.3.4 Patterns VII and VIII: nfaʕal-a – ftaʕal-a 158 7.3.5 Patterns I–VIII, X: Looking at Them Together! 160 7.3.6 Patterns IX: fʕall-a 163 7.3.7 Verb Patterns: A Word of Caution 164 7.4 Levantine Arabic Verbs 165 7.4.1 Verb Conjugation in Levantine Arabic 166 7.4.2 LA Pattern I Verbs 169 7.4.3 LA Pattern II 170 7.4.4 LA Pattern III 173 7.4.5 LA Pattern IV 174 7.4.6 LA Pattern V 177 7.4.7 LA Pattern VI 178 7.4.8 LA Pattern VII 180 7.4.9 LA Pattern VIII 181 7.4.10 LA Pattern X 182 7.4.11 LA Pattern IX 184 7.5 Conclusion 184 Further Reading 185 8 Arabic Nouns: Form and Meaning 186 8.1 The Modern Standard Arabic masˤdar 187 8.1.1 Pattern I Verbal Nouns 188 8.1.2 Patterns II–X Verbal Nouns 190 8.2 Modern Standard Arabic Participles 194 8.2.1 Participles Derived from Pattern I Verbs 194 8.2.2 Participles Derived from Patterns II–X Verbs 196 8.3 Other Types of Modern Standard Arabic Nouns 204 8.3.1 Nouns of Instance 204 8.3.2 Nouns of Profession 206 8.3.3 Nouns of Instrument 207 8.3.4 Nouns of Place 208 8.4 Modern Standard Arabic Adjectives 210 8.4.1 Adjective Derivation from Pattern I Verbs 210 8.4.2 Adjectives Denoting Color and Physical Traits 211 8.4.3 Relative Adjectives 212 8.4.4 Comparative and Superlative Adjectives 214 8.5 Modern Standard Arabic Nouns and Adjectives: Inflectional Categories 216 8.5.1 Modern Standard Arabic Gender 216 8.5.2 Modern Standard Arabic Number 217 8.5.2.1 Modern Standard Arabic Dual 218 8.5.2.2 Modern Standard Arabic Sound Feminine Plural 218 8.5.2.3 Modern Standard Arabic Sound Masculine Plural 221 8.5.2.4 Modern Standard Arabic Broken Plural 222 8.5.3 Modern Standard Arabic Case 226 8.5.4 Modern Standard Arabic Definiteness 228 8.6 Levantine Arabic Noun Morphology 229 8.6.1 Levantine Arabic Definiteness 230 8.6.2 Levantine Arabic Gender 230 8.6.3 Levantine Arabic Number 232 8.6.4 Levantine Arabic Case 232 8.7 Conclusion 235 Further Reading 236 9 Arabic Morphophonology 237 9.1 The Arabic Verb Root 238 9.2 Verb Roots and Morphophonology 240 9.2.1 The Morphophonology of Assimilated Roots 240 9.2.2 The Morphophonology of Hollow Roots 242 9.2.3 The Morphophonology of Defective Roots 246 9.2.4 The Morphophonology of Verbs Derived from Geminated Roots 250 9.3 Other Morphophonological Phenomena 254 9.3.1 The Morphophonology of Imperatives 255 9.3.2 Syncope and Epenthesis in Lebanese Arabic Verb Paradigms 256 9.4 Conclusion 258 Further Reading 258 PART III Arabic Phrases and Phrase Structure 259 10 Phrase Structure: An Overview 261 10.1 Categories and Phrases 262 10.2 Constituency 269 10.3 Conclusion 273 Further Reading 273 11 The Simple Sentence in Arabic 275 11.1 Verbal Sentences 275 11.2 Nominal Sentences 287 11.2.1 Verbless Nominal Sentences 287 11.2.2 Nominal Sentences with Linking Verbs 290 11.2.3 Nominal Sentences with Lexical Verbs 295 11.3 Conclusion 301 Further Reading 302 12 Arabic Noun Phrases 303 12.1 The Minimal Noun Phrase 303 12.2 Noun Phrases with Specifiers 308 12.2.1 Indefiniteness 308 12.2.2 Definiteness via l- Suffixation 310 12.2.3 Demonstratives 314 12.3 Noun Phrases with Modifiers 316 12.3.1 Noun Phrases with Adjectives 316 12.3.2 Noun Phrases with Prepositional Phrases 321 12.4 Construct Noun Phrases 323 12.4.1 The Structure of Construct Noun Phrases 324 12.4.2 Construct Noun Phrases as Single Prosodic Units 329 12.4.3 Construct Noun Phrases: Meaning Contributions 337 12.4.4 Other Uses of Construct Noun Phrases 347 12.5 Conclusion 349 Further Reading 349 13 Arabic Verb Phrases 351 13.1 Verb Phrases: Selectional Requirements 351 13.2 Tense, Aspect, and Mood 358 13.2.1 The Perfective 359 13.2.2 The Imperfective 362 13.2.2.1 The Imperfective in Modern Standard Arabic 362 13.2.2.2 The Imperfective in Levantine Arabic 371 13.3 Verb Phrases with Compounds Verbs 377 13.4 Conclusion 386 Further Reading 386 14 Before You Go 388 14.1 What Have We Accomplished? 388 14.2 Where Do We Go Now? 390 Bibliography 391 Index 397

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part 1: Getting Started with the Basics 5 Chapter 1: Getting a Jump Start in Spanish 7 Chapter 2: Selecting the Proper Part of Speech 33 Part 2: The Here and Now 49 Chapter 3: Sorting Out Word Gender 51 Chapter 4: Coloring Your Sentences with Adjectives 73 Chapter 5: Expressing Yourself in the Present 91 Chapter 6: Expressing Yourself with Subjunctive Feeling 121 Chapter 7: Enriching Your Sentences with Adverbs and Comparisons 149 Part 3: Giving and Obtaining Information 163 Chapter 8: Getting Answers with the Right Questions 165 Chapter 9: Being Clear and Concise with Object Pronouns 185 Chapter 10: Reflecting on Reflexive Pronouns and Verbs 205 Chapter 11: Getting Attention with Commands 217 Chapter 12: Preparing to Connect with Prepositions 239 Part 4: Reminiscing about the Past and Seeing into the Future 253 Chapter 13: Leaving It Completely in the Past 255 Chapter 14: Looking Back with the Imperfect 269 Chapter 15: Seeing into the Future 283 Part 5: The Part of Tens 293 Chapter 16: Ten Most Common Mistakes in Spanish 295 Chapter 17: Ten Important Verb Distinctions 301 Part 6: Appendixes 307 Appendix A: Verb Charts 309 Appendix B: Thematic Vocabulary 319 Appendix C: English-Spanish Dictionary 331 Appendix D: Spanish-English Dictionary 335 Index 341

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Book SynopsisMaría del Carmen Gil Ortega is Senior Lecturer in Innovative Pedagogies at the Education Innovation Centre of the University of the West of England, where she formerly lectured in Linguistics and Spanish. She was also Teaching Fellow in Spanish at the Universities of St Andrews, Brighton and Sussex.Cathy Holden is Tutor at ELE (English Language Education), University of Edinburgh, UK. She has taught Spanish, French and English in a variety of Higher and Further Education establishments, including Manchester Metropolitan University and Staffordshire University. In addition to Foundations Spanish 1, she has co-written two books for the Open University's Spanish Course.Table of ContentsOverview Introduction Learning a language El lenguaje de la claseLetras y sonidos 1. Tú y los demás 2. La familia en casa 3. La rutina 4. El tiempo libre 5. La fiesta de cumpleaños 6. En la ciudad 7. Trabajo de verano 8. La historia de mi vida 9. En el futuro 10. RepasoMás práctica Guide to grammatical terms Grammar summary Vocabulary Appendix: Additional vocabulary Answers Index.

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Book SynopsisEach day we are faced with continuing claims made by media pundits, politicians, teachers, and friends, often quoting research. Consider also the numerous comments and posts on Internet blogs, Twitter, and Facebook that illustrate the confusion between opinion and factual data. How do we learn to interpret the research we hear about and read, to distinguish opinions from scientific facts, and to use this knowledge to conduct our own studies to answer the questions faced in everyday situations?Understanding the components that go into scientific research and learning how to do research, make decisions about which statistics to use, and analyze statistical findings are goals for everyone in today''s research-oriented world. Questions about the reliability and validity of data from a study or public opinion poll come up routinely and need critical review. This book contributes to achieving these objectives. Doing Survey Research is intended for peopleTable of ContentsPreface to the Fourth EditionCHAPTER ONE Why We Do Research CHAPTER TWO Finding Ideas to Research CHAPTER THREE Designing Research: Concepts, Hypotheses, and Measurement CHAPTER FOUR Developing a Questionnaire CHAPTER FIVE Sampling CHAPTER SIX Presenting Data: Descriptive Statistics CHAPTER SEVEN Analyzing Data: Bivariate Relationships CHAPTER EIGHT Analyzing Data: Comparing Means CHAPTER NINE Analyzing Data: Multiple Variables CHAPTER TEN Presenting Results, Making Conclusions, and Writing Reports Appendix References Index

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