Developmental biology Books
Nova Science Publishers Inc Concepts of Periodontal Regeneration &
Book SynopsisDiverse technologies have emerged in recent times to streamline applications of more predictable materials and methods, in order to attain the elusive goal of periodontal regeneration. Their applications, current limitations and future directions are reviewed. In addition to grafting materials and barrier membranes to exclude epithelial downgrowth and promote mesenchymal elements, the environment of the cell is pivotal to events that follow. These include application of scaffolds, lasers, harnessing bone anabolic activity and the resolution of inflammation using cell-and gene-based protein and peptide therapy. Recommendations embrace suitable targets for patient outcome based on clinical applications of scientific principles for more predictable and consistent results in regenerating hard and soft tissues of a functional periodontium. They must, however, stay within safety requirements and an effective cost/benefit ratio. Regenerative medicine and dentistry combine applications of molecular biology, material science, bioengineering and nanoscience in order to repair, regenerate and replace missing tissue. The author discusses these applications as well as the mechanisms that modulate cells and matrices in periodontal regeneration as well as regenerative medicine.
£78.39
Murphy & Moore Publishing Developmental Biology: Essential Concepts and
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£112.27
Murphy & Moore Publishing Essential Developmental Biology
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£111.56
States Academic Press Handbook of Developmental Biology
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£108.11
Callisto Reference Introduction to Developmental Biology
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£98.41
Callisto Reference New Frontiers in Developmental Biology
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£97.02
Larsen and Keller Education Developmental Biology
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£108.80
National Science Teachers Association Toward High School Biology: Understanding Growth
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£12.54
National Science Teachers Association Toward High School Biology: Understanding Growth
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£39.34
Greystone Books The Making of You: The Incredible Journey from
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£16.96
World Scientific Europe Ltd Story Of Genetics, Development And Evolution,
Book SynopsisThis unique story offers an introductory conversation to genetics, embryology and evolution, taking us on a historical journey of biology through the ages. Using a series of dialogues between the Greek philosopher Democritus and his disciple Alkimos, we travel through time visiting eminent scientists throughout the centuries, from Lazzaro Spallanzani and Theodor Boveri to Francis Crick, Max Perutz and Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard. We find ourselves at the intersection of competing theories in biology and witness the progression from the debunking the theory of spontaneous generation to the mapping of the genome. Attention is given not only to the great successes in the field but also to the equally important and exciting failures.Originally published in Hungarian, The Story of Genetics, Development and Evolution provides a historical background to the life sciences, with complex scientific concepts stripped down and explained carefully for academics and anyone interested in going back to the roots and philosophies of scientific progress.Translated from: Jékely G Master, are you awake? A fictitious dialogue on genetics, development and evolution. 2006, Bratislava: Kalligram
£153.00
World Scientific Europe Ltd Story Of Genetics, Development And Evolution,
Book SynopsisThis unique story offers an introductory conversation to genetics, embryology and evolution, taking us on a historical journey of biology through the ages. Using a series of dialogues between the Greek philosopher Democritus and his disciple Alkimos, we travel through time visiting eminent scientists throughout the centuries, from Lazzaro Spallanzani and Theodor Boveri to Francis Crick, Max Perutz and Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard. We find ourselves at the intersection of competing theories in biology and witness the progression from the debunking the theory of spontaneous generation to the mapping of the genome. Attention is given not only to the great successes in the field but also to the equally important and exciting failures.Originally published in Hungarian, The Story of Genetics, Development and Evolution provides a historical background to the life sciences, with complex scientific concepts stripped down and explained carefully for academics and anyone interested in going back to the roots and philosophies of scientific progress.Translated from: Jékely G Master, are you awake? A fictitious dialogue on genetics, development and evolution. 2006, Bratislava: Kalligram
£61.75
Royal Society of Chemistry Challenges in Endocrine Disruptor Toxicology and
Book SynopsisInsight into the role of hormones, particularly estrogen and testosterone, in health and disease etiology – including interactions with other hormone pathways – has dramatically changed. Estrogen and androgen receptors, with their polymorphisms, are key molecules in all tissues and are involved in a number of homeostatic mechanisms but also pathological processes including carcinogenesis and the development of metabolic and neurological disorders such as diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with the endocrine (hormone) systems at certain dosages and play a key role in the pathology of disease. Most known EDCs are manmade and are therefore an increasing concern given the number commonly found in household products and the environment. This book will cover the mechanisms of EDC pathology across the spectrum of disease, as well as risk assessment and government and legal regulation to provide a holistic view of the current issues and cutting-edge research in the topic. With contributions from global leaders in the field, this book will be an ideal reference for toxicologists, endocrinologists and researchers interested in developmental biology, regulatory toxicology and the interface between environment and human health.Table of ContentsEndocrine Disruptor Effects on Estrogen, Androgen and Thyroid Pathways: Recent Advances on Screening and Assessment; Epigenetic Reprogramming by Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals; Issues for Hazard Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: The Use of Adverse Outcome Pathways; Integrated Translation Framework for Endocrine Disruptors in the area of Computational Toxicology; Sex-specific Actions of Endocrine Disruptors; Health Risks of Transplacental Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors; Endocrine Disruptors and Cancer: From Genotoxicity Mechanisms to Ethnicity-related Susceptibility; Bone as a Target for Endocrine Disruptors; Pathways of ED-induced Neuro-developmental Disturbances: An Overview; Vitamin A and the Retinoid System – From Nutrition to Endocrine Disruption; Linking Ecohealth and One Health approaches. A Case Study on the EU Water Framework Directive Strategy About Alkylphenols in Aquatic Ecosystems; Pollution of Water and Food by Hormonally Active Pesticides and Drugs (Human and Veterinary): Focus on Emerging Countries: Emerging Contaminants with Endocrine Disruption Potential in Brazil; Pollution of Food and Water by Hormonally Active Pesticides and Veterinary Drugs Residues: Focus on Sub Saharan African Countries; Natural Substances in Supplements and Nutraceuticals as Endocrine Disruptors; Endocrine Disruptors in Building Materials; Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Clothing and Cosmetics; Challenges in Endocrine Disruptor Toxicology and Risk Assessment; Biomarkers of Effect for EDCs and Indicators to be Used in Epidemiological Studies on Reproductive Health; Occupational Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors and Reproductive Health; Interdisciplinary Collaboration between Environmental Health and Clinical Experts on Cancers and Infertility Associated with Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors; Regulation and Risk Management of Endocrine Disruptors: Current Status and Future Perspectives
£160.55
Royal Society of Chemistry Prebiotic Chemistry and Life's Origin
Book SynopsisHow life originated from the inanimate mixture of organic and inorganic compounds on the priomordial earth remains one of the great unknowns in science. This origin of life, or abiogenesis, continues to be examined in the context of the conditions and materials required for natural life to have begun on Earth both theoretically and experimentally. This book provides a broad but in-depth analysis of the latest discoveries in prebiotic chemsitry from the microscopic to the macroscopic scale; utilising experimental insight to provide a bottom up approach to plausibly explaining how life arose. With contributions from global leaders, this book is an ideal reference for postgraduate students and a single source of comprehensive information on the latest technical and theoretical advancements for researchers in a variety of fields from astrochemistry and astrophysics to organic chemistry and evolution.Table of ContentsOrigin of the Universe and Planetary Systems; Geoastronomy: Rocky Planets as the Lavosier–Lomonosov Bridge from the Non-living to the Living World; First Steps of Prebiotic Chemistry Catalyzed by Minerals and Metals; Prebiotic Condensing Agents; Soft Matter Science in Prebiotic Chemistry and the Origins of Life; The Miller–Urey Experiment’s Impact on Modern Approaches to Prebiotic Chemistry; From Amino Acids to Peptides Before the Coming of Ribosomes; Prebiotic Chemistry of Nucleobases and Nucleotides; Prebiotic Amphiphiles: The Systems Chemistry Perspective; The Handy Formamide Model System for Prebiotic Chemistry; How Did the Proteome Emerge from Pre-biotic Chemistry?; Investigating Prebiotic Protocells for an Understanding of the Origin of Life: A Comprehensive Perspective Combining the Chemical, Evolutionary and Historical Aspects; Toward Evolution in Chemical Reaction Networks; New Directions for an Experimental Approach to the Chemistry of the Origin of Life
£160.55
CABI Publishing Nematodes as Model Organisms
Book SynopsisNematodes are small multicellular organisms that have been used as biological models since the 1960s. For example, Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living nematode worm, about 1mm in length, that lives in temperate soil environments. It is made up of about 1000 cells, and has a short life cycle of only two weeks. It was the first multicellular organism to have its whole genome sequenced. The book summarizes the importance of nematodes as model organisms in the fields of genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, pharmacology, nutrition, ecology and parasitology. Of interest to a broad audience across a wide spectrum of disciplines, this book is useful for biologists working on comparative studies to investigate biological processes across organisms; medical scientists and pharmacologists for exploration of drugs and medicine (including the use of genome editing to eliminate diseases); ecologists considering nematodes as indicators for environment changes; and parasitologists for host-parasite interactions. Many other researchers can use this book as a benchmark for the broad implications of nematology research on other aspects of science.Table of ContentsPart 1: Biological Systems Chapter 1: The genus Pristionchus: a model for phenotypic plasticity, predatory behavior, self-recognition and other complex traits Chapter 2: Aging Chapter 3: Entomopathogenic nematodes as a model for probing the insect immune system Chapter 4: The use of the root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., for studying biotrophic parasitic interactions Chapter 5: Nematodes as a model for symbiosis Chapter 6: Nematode pharmacology: neurotransmitters, receptors and experimental approaches Part 2: Ecology and Toxicology Chapter 7: Nematodes as ecological and environmental Indicators Chapter 8: Use in soil agro-ecology Chapter 9: Stress and survival mechanisms Chapter 10: Molecular toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans Chapter 11: Nematode use for testing theoretical models of behavioral ecology Chapter 12: Entomopathogenic nematodes as models For inundative biological control Chapter 13: Parasitic nematodes and their symbiosis with bacteria: model systems for studying parasitism and pathogenesis Chapter 14: Genetic improvement of beneficial organisms
£88.92
Royal Society of Chemistry Bisphenol A: A Multi-modal Endocrine Disruptor
Book SynopsisBisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume endocrine-disrupting chemical present in numerous consumer products. Extensive use of BPA has led to wide-spread contamination in the air, soil, and water, leading to ubiquitous human exposure. Research into BPA has grown exponentially over the past ten years, with numerous modes of action being identified that impact human health and disease development. While BPA has estrogenic effects, emerging literature has identified several non-receptor mediated modes of action, such as epigenetic reprogramming, that can affect the long-term health of the population. This book highlights the multiple modes of action BPA can use to reprogram cells genetically and metabolically. By compiling critical studies in BPA and outlining the connections and disparities in the literature to build a broader understanding of this complex endocrine-disrupting chemical and its impact on the environment and human health, this book is an ideal resource for postgraduates and researchers in a range of disciplines from toxicology to epigenetics and cancer epidemiology.Table of ContentsClassical and Non-classical Estrogen Receptor Efects of Bisphenol A; Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity of Bisphenol A; Bisphenol A (BPA) Associated Signaling Pathways in Human Diseases; Bisphenol A and its Impact on Human Telomerase, Telomere Length and Cell Aging; The Role of Bisphenol A in Development of Autoimmunity; A Novel Model for the Estrogenic Action of BPA in Developing Brain Following Maternal Ingestion; Bisphenol A’s Pleiotropic Effects Alter Milk Synthesis and Production
£116.85
Royal Society of Chemistry The Origin of Chirality in the Molecules of Life:
Book SynopsisThis book provides an interdisciplinary review of one of the great unsolved mysteries that has fascinated scientists for over 150 years: the origin of chirality in biomolecules. Current advances in fields as diverse as space exploration, prebiotic chemistry and high-energy physics may help to provide an answer. Important pieces of information will come from observations at the two frontiers of science: outer space and the subatomic world. Observation of distant planets, galaxies, and even actual sampling of celestial objects from beyond the solar system are projects currently underway. At the other end of the spectrum, there are experiments that study the elemental properties of matter, such as symmetry, and interactions with the fundamental forces. Completely revised and updated this new edition once again unifies all the theories of the origin of biomolecular homochirality together in a single source. This complete, interdisciplinary review of an intriguing subject condenses a large and disparate range of contributions from journals in almost every scientific field. The various theories have been organized, interrelated and explained in a unified way. It is fundamental, comprehensive and structured to be accessible for educational purposes.Table of ContentsIntroduction and Historical Background; The Concept of Chirality; Theories of the Origin of Biomolecular Homochirality; Chiral Physical Forces; Mechanisms of Amplification; Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking; Outside Earth: Meteorites and Comets; Other Local Deterministic Theories; Intrinsic Asymmetry of the Universe: The Absolute Direction of Time, the Absolute Sign of Charge and the Absolute Handedness
£141.55
CABI Publishing RNA Interference: Methods for Plants and Animals
Book SynopsisThe Principles & Protocols Series is designed for upper level undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers, particularly those new to a field. Books in the series outline the theoretical background to experimental approaches, followed by bullet-point protocols, which are generic and can be adapted for particular systems. RNA interference (RNAi) has been one of the most exciting and significant new methodologies to appear in the past decade, and it now finds widespread application. This methods manual provides an introduction to the phenomenon to RNA Interference and specific protocols for RNAi, in organisms from plants and C.elegans to Drosophila and mammals. Also included are chapters covering small hairpin RNAs and viral-induced gene silencing.Table of Contents1: General Introduction 2: RNAi in Plants 3: VIGS 4: Synthetic miRNAs in Plants 5: RNAi in Caenorhabditus elegens 6: RNAi in Drosophila 7: RNAi in Zebra Fish 8: RNAi in Avian Embryos (in ovo) 9: RNAi in Mammalian Cells 10: siRNA and shRNA Design
£54.50
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Annual Plant Reviews, Arabidopsis
Book SynopsisAnnual Plant Reviews, Volume 1 This volume brings together reviews from many of the most outstanding contributors to this area, who discuss recent advances in our knowledge of Arabidopsis, which is the favoured model system for flowering plants.Table of ContentsThe Arabidopsis thaliana genome: towards a complete physical map. Unravelling the genome by genome sequencing and gene function analysis. Biochemical genetic analysis of metabolic pathways. Hormone regulated development. The secretory system and machinery for protein targeting. Sexual reproduction: from sexual differentiation to fertilization. Embryogenesis. Patterns in vegetative development. Genetic control of floral induction and floral patterning. Light regulation and biological clocks. Programmed cell death in plants. References. Index.
£207.86
Oneworld Publications Cloning: A Beginner's Guide
Book SynopsisWould you drink milk from a cloned cow? Should we clone extinct or endangered species? Are we justified in using stem cells to develop cures? When will we clone the first human? Ever since Dolly the sheep, such questions have rarely been far from the public consciousness. Aaron Levine explains the science of cloning and guides readers around the thorny political and ethical issues that have developed.Trade Review"I highly recommend this book to everyone: I think it would be especially good as additional reading material for introductory genetics courses, bioethics and biomedical classes." * Scienceblogs.com *
£9.49
Northern Bee Books Instrumental Insemination of Honey Bee Queens
£16.95
Australian Theological Forum Creation and Complexity: Interdisciplinary Issues
Book SynopsisCreation and Complexity are two themes that draw the sciences and theology together. The remarkable advances of science in the modern period have opened up new knowledge and revealed ever deepening layers of complexity in the world from the cosmic macro level to the micro world of quantum. There seems no end to the rich tapestry of the cosmic order and process. A science of complexity has been spawned. The discoveries of the sciences have been matched in the twentieth century by a renewal in the doctrine of creation. Behind this lies a renaissance in trinitarian thinking which offers fresh insight into the dynamic of God in creation - past, present and future. The complexity of the triune God in creation find echoes in the rich complexity of the world uncovered by the contemporary sciences.
£17.36
The Blackburn Press Development and Evolution: Including Psychophysical, Evolution, Evolution by Orthoplasy, and the Theory of Genetic Modes
£41.58
The Blackburn Press Plant Structure: Function and Development
£39.87
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,U.S. Manipulating the Mouse Embryo: A Laboratory
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£124.04
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,U.S. Mammalian Development: Networks, Switches, and
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£92.15
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,U.S. Angiogenesis: Biology and Pathology
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£79.80
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,U.S. Germ Cells
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£79.80
BenBella Books Strange Survivors: How Organisms Attack and
Book SynopsisLife is beautiful, ruthless, and very, very strange.In the evolutionary arms race that has raged on since life began, organisms have developed an endless variety of survival strategies. From sharp claws to brute strength, camouflage to venom—all these tools and abilities share one purpose: to keep their bearer alive long enough to reproduce, helping the species avoid extinction. Every living thing on this planet has developed a time-tested arsenal of weapons and defenses. Some of these weapons and defenses, however, are decidedly more unusual than others.In Strange Survivors, biologist Oné R. Pagán takes us on a tour of the improbable, the ingenious, and the just plain bizarre ways that creatures fight for life.Inside this funny, fascinating field guide to nature’s most colorful characters, you’ll meet killer snails, social bacteria, and an animal with toxic elbows. But Strange Survivors is more than a collection of curiosities—it is a love letter to science and an argument for the continuing relevance of this evolutionary battle as we face the threat of resistant bacteria and the need for novel medical therapies. Whether discussing blood-thinning bats and electric fish or pondering the power of cooperation, Pagán reveals the surprising lessons found in some of life’s natural oddities and how the tactics they employ to live might aid our own survival.Trade Review"This volume contains an engaging series of essays about Darwinian natural selection. This text would make for excellent supplemental reading in a lower level undergraduate course; it it is also ideally suited for the general reader. Summing Up: Highly recommended." —CHOICE magazine “Strange Survivors presents some of the most remarkable examples of animals’ survival mechanisms in an accessible, scientifically accurate, and humorous way. Reading this book was like sitting down to enjoy a chat on the wonders of the natural world with a close friend." —Marie McNeely, PhD, cofounder of People Behind the Science and Unfold Productions “Strange Survivors is technically accurate and isn't shy with scientific terms, but never in a manner that's intimidating or overbearing. This isn't fiction—you have to think as you read, but the reward is an increased understanding of the astonishing variety of life on Earth and the strategies species use to survive.” —Peter Cawdron, author of AnomalyTable of ContentsIntroduction Chapter 1: The E Word Chapter 2: The Language of Life Chapter 3: It All Starts with a Spark Chapter 4: Unusual Suspects Chapter 5: The Fast and the Hangry Chapter 6: The Very Best Survival Tactic of Them All Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Index
£12.34
Pebble Books How Are Plants Pollinated?
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£23.49
Pebble Books How Are Plants Pollinated?
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£8.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Molecular Mechanisms of Autonomy in Biological
Book SynopsisThis book presents a novel molecular description for understanding the regulatory mechanisms behind the autonomy and self-organization in biological systems. Chapters focus on defining and explaining the regulatory molecular mechanisms behind different aspects of autonomy and self-organization in the sense of autonomous coding, data processing, structure (mass) formation and energy production in a biological system. Subsequent chapters discuss the cross-talk among mechanisms of energy, and mass and information, transformation in biological systems. Other chapters focus on applications regarding therapeutic approaches in regenerative medicine. Molecular Mechanisms of Autonomy in Biological Systems is an indispensable resource for scientists and researchers in regenerative medicine, stem cell biology, molecular biology, tissue engineering, developmental biology, biochemistry, biophysics, bioinformatics, as well as big data sciences, complexity and soft computing.Table of Contents1. Relativity of Code, Energy, and Mass versus Relativi-ty of Energy and Mass2. Molecular Mechanism of Coding and Autonomous Decision Making in Biological Systems3. Molecular mechanism of self-organization in biologi-cal systems4. Molecular mechanism of self-fueling in biological systems by relativity of code, energy, and mass5. Relativity of code, energy, and mass: Molecular mechanisms of autonomy in biological systems 6. Molecular mechanism of autonomy and self-organization: an emergent concept for the future of biomedical sciences7. ConclusionIndex
£94.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Plant Physiological Ecology
Book SynopsisGrowth, reproduction, and geographical distribution of plants are profoundly influenced by their physiological ecology: the interaction with the surrounding physical, chemical, and biological environments. This textbook highlights mechanisms that underlie plant physiological ecology at the levels of physiology, biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular biology. At the same time, the integrative power of physiological ecology is well suited to assess the costs, benefits, and consequences of modifying plants for human needs and to evaluate the role of plants in natural and managed ecosystems. Plant Physiological Ecology, Third Edition is significantly updated, with many full color illustrations, and begins with the primary processes of carbon metabolism and transport, plant water relations, and energy balance. After considering individual leaves and whole plants, these physiological processes are then scaled up to the level of the canopy. Subsequent chapters discuss mineral nutrition and the ways in which plants cope with nutrient‑deficient or toxic soils. The book then looks at patterns of growth and allocation, life‑history traits, and interactions between plants and other organisms. Later chapters deal with traits that affect decomposition of plant material and with the consequences of plant physiological ecology at ecosystem and global levels. Plant Physiological Ecology, Third Edition features several boxed entries that extend the discussions of selected issues, a glossary, and numerous references to the primary and review literature. This significant new text is suitable for use in plant ecology courses, as well as classes ranging from plant physiology to plant molecular biology.Table of Contents1. ASSUMPTIONS AND APPROACHES Introduction—History, Assumptions, and Approaches 1 What is Ecophysiology? 2 The Roots of Ecophysiology 3 Physiological Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms 4 Time Scale of Plant Responses to Environment 5 Conceptual and Experimental Approaches 6 New Directions in Ecophysiology 7 The Structure of the Book References 2. PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RESPIRATION, AND LONG-DISTANCE TRANSPORT 2A. PHOTOSYNTHESIS 1 Introduction 2 General Characteristics of the Photosynthetic Apparatus 2.1 The ‘Light’ and ‘Dark’ Reactions of Photosynthesis 2.2 Supply and Demand of CO2 in the Photosynthetic Process 3 Response of Photosynthesis to Light 3.1 Characterization of the Light Climate under a Leaf Canopy 3.2 Physiological, Biochemical, and Anatomical Differences between Sun and Shade Leaves 3.3 Effects of Excess Irradiance 3.4 Responses to Variable Irradiance 4 Partitioning of the Products of Photosynthesis and Regulation by ‘Feedback’ 4.1 Partitioning within the Cell 4.2 Regulation of the Rate of Photosynthesis by Feedback 4.3 Sugar-induced Repression of Genes Encoding for Calvin-cycle Enzymes 4.4 Ecological impacts Mediated by Source-Sink Interactions 4.5 Petiole and Stem Photosynthesis 5 Responses to Availability of Water 5.1 Regulation of Stomatal Opening 5.2 The A-Ci Curve as Affected by Water Stress 5.3 Carbon isotope Discrimination in Relation to Water-use Efficiency 5.4 Other sources of Variation in Carbon isotope ratios in C3 Plants 6 Effects of Nutrient Supply on Photosynthesis 6.1 The Photosynthesis-Nitrogen Relationship 6.2 Interactions of Nitrogen, Light and Water 6.3 Photosynthesis, Nitrogen, and Leaf Life Span 7 Photosynthesis and Leaf Temperature: Effects and Adaptations 7.1 Effects of High Temperatures on Photosynthesis 7.2 Effects of Low Temperatures on Photosynthesis 8 Effects of Air Pollutants on Photosynthesis 9 C4 Plants 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Biochemical and Anatomical Aspects 9.3 Intercellular and Intracellular Transport of Metabolites of the C4 Pathway 9.4 Photosynthetic Efficiency and Performance at High and Low Temperatures 9.5 C3–C4 Intermediates 9.6 Evolution and Distribution of C4 species 9.7 Carbon isotope Composition of C4 Species 9.8 Growth Rates of C4 Species 10 CAM Plants 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Physiological, Biochemical and Anatomical Aspects 10.3 Water-use Efficiency 10.4 Incomplete and facultative CAM Plants 10.5 Distribution and Evolution of CAM Species 10.6 Carbon isotope Composition of CAM Species 11 Specialized Mechanisms Associated with Photosynthetic Carbon Acquisition in aquatic Plants 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The CO2 Supply in Water 11.3 The Use of bicarbonate by aquatic Macrophytes 11.4 The Use of CO2 from the Sediment 11.5 Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) in Water Plants 11.6 Variation in Carbon isotope Composition between Water Plants and between aquatic and Terrestrial Plants 11.7 The Role of aquatic Plants in Carbonate Sedimentation 12 Effects of the Rising CO2 Concentration in the Atmosphere 12.1 Acclimation of Photosynthesis to Elevated CO2 Concentrations 12.2 Effects of Elevated CO2 on Transpiration ‑ Differential Effects on C3, C4 and CAM Plants 13 Summary: What Can We Gain from Basic Principles and Rates of Single-Leaf Photosynthesis? References Box 2A.1: Mathematical Description of the CO2 Response and further Modeling of Photosynthesis Box 2A.2: Fractionation of Stable Carbon isotopes in Plants Box 2A.3: Carbon-fixation and Light-Absorption Profiles inside Leaves Box 2A.4: Chlorophyll fluorescence Box 2A.5: The Measurement of Gas Exchange 2B. RESPIRATION 1 Introduction 2 General Characteristics of the Respiratory System 2.1 The Respiratory Quotient 2.2 Glycolysis, the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and the Tricarboxylic (TCA) Cycle 2.3 Mitochondrial Metabolism 2.4 A Summary of the Major Points of Control of Plant Respiration 2.5 ATP Production in isolated Mitochondria and in vivo 2.6 Regulation of the Partitioning of Electrons between the Cytochrome and the Alternative Paths 3 The Ecophysiological Function of the Alternative Path 3.1 Heat Production 3.2 Can we really Measure the Activity of the Alternative Path? 3.3 The Alternative Path as an Energy Overflow 3.4 NADH Oxidation in the Presence of a High Energy Charge 3.5 NADH Oxidation to Oxidize Excess Redox Equivalents from the Chloroplasts 3.6 Continuation of Respiration when the Activity of the Cytochrome Path is Restricted 3.7 A Summary of the Various Ecophysiological Roles of the Alternative Oxidase 4 Environmental Effects on Respiratory Processes 4.1 Flooded, Hypoxic, and anoxic Soils 4.2 Salinity and Water Stress 4.3 Nutrient Supply 4.4 Irradiance 4.5 Temperature 4.6 Low pH and High Aluminum Concentrations 4.7 Partial Pressures of CO2 4.8 Effects of Nematodes and Plant Pathogens 4.9 Leaf Dark Respiration as Affected by Photosynthesis 5 The Role of Respiration in Plant Carbon Balance 5.1 Carbon Balance 5.2 Respiration Associated with Growth, Maintenance, and Ion Uptake 6 Plant Respiration: Why Should it Concern Us from an Ecological Point of View? References Box 2B.1 Measuring Oxygen-isotope fractionation in Respiration 2C. LONG‑DISTANCE TRANSPORT OF ASSIMILATES 1 Introduction 2 The Major Transport Compounds in the Phloem: why not Glucose? 3 Phloem Structure and Function 3.1 Symplastic and Apoplastic Transport 3.2 Minor Vein Anatomy 3.3 Phloem-Loading Mechanisms 3.4 Variation in Transport Capacity 4 Evolution and Ecology of Phloem Loading Mechanisms 5 Phloem Unloading 6 The Transport Problems of Climbing Plants 7 Phloem Transport: Where to Move from here? References 3. PLANT WATER RELATIONS 1 Introduction 1.1 The Role of Water in Plant Functioning 1.2 Transpiration as an Inevitable Consequence of Photosynthesis 2 Water Potential 3 Water Availability in Soil 3.1 The field Capacity of Different Soils 3.2 Water Movement toward the Roots 3.3 Rooting Profiles as Dependent on Soil Moisture Content 3.4 Roots Sense Moisture Gradients and Grow toward Moist Patches 4 Water Relations of Cells 4.1 Osmotic Adjustment 4.2 Cell-Wall Elasticity 4.3 Osmotic and Elastic Adjustment as Alternative Strategies 4.4 Evolutionary Aspects 5 Water Movement through Plants 5.1 The Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum 5.2 Water in Roots 5.3 Water in Stems 5.4 Water in Leaves and Water Loss from Leaves 5.5 Aquatic Angiosperms 6 Water-use Efficiency 6.1 Water-use efficiency and carbon-isotope discrimination 6.2 Leaf Traits That Affect Leaf Temperature and Leaf Water Loss 7 Water Availability and Growth 8 Adaptations to Drought 8.1 Desiccation-Avoidance: Annuals, Drought‑Deciduous Species 8.2 Desiccation-Tolerance: Evergreen Shrubs 8.3 ‘Resurrection Plants’ 9 Winter Water Relations and Freezing Tolerance 10 Salt Tolerance 11 Final Remarks: The Message that Transpires References Box 3.1: The Water Potential of Osmotic Solutes and of the Air Box 3.2: Positive and Negative Hydrostatic Pressures Box 3.3: Oxygen and Hydrogen Stable isotopes Box 3.4: Methods to Measure sap Flow in Intact Plants 4. PLANT ENERGY BUDGETS: ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 4A. THE PLANT’S ENERGY BALANCE 1 Introduction 2 Energy inputs and outputs 2.1 A Short Overview of a Leaf’s Energy Balance 2.2 Short-wave Solar Radiation 2.3 Long-wave Terrestrial Radiation 2.4 Convective Heat Transfer 2.5 Evaporative Energy Exchange 2.6 Metabolic Heat Generation 3 Modeling the Effect of Components of the Energy Balance on Leaf Temperature 4. A Global Perspective of Hot and Cool topics References 4B. EFFECTS OF RADIATION AND TEMPERATURE LEVEL 1 Introduction 2 Radiation 2.1 Effects of Excess Irradiance 2.2 Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation 3 Effects of Extreme Temperatures 3.1 How Do Plants Avoid Damage by Free Radicals at Low Temperature? 3.2 Heat-shock Proteins 3.3 Are isoprene and Monoterpene Emissions an Adaptation to High Temperatures? 3.4 Chilling Injury and Chilling Tolerance 3.5 Carbohydrates and Proteins Conferring Frost Tolerance 4 Global Change and Future Crops References 5. SCALING-UP GAS EXCHANGE AND ENERGY BALANCE FROM THE LEAF TO THE CANOPY LEVEL 1 Introduction 2 Canopy Water Loss 3 Canopy CO2 Fluxes 4 Canopy Water-Use Efficiency 5 Canopy Effects on Microclimate: a Case Study 6 Aiming for a Higher Level References Box 5.1: Optimization of Nitrogen Allocation to Leaves in Plants Growing in Dense Canopies 6. MINERAL NUTRITION 1 Introduction 2 Acquisition of Nutrients 2.1 Nutrients in the Soil 2.2 Root Traits that Determine Nutrient Acquisition 2.3 Sensitivity Analysis of Parameters Involved in Phosphate Acquisition 3 Nutrient Acquisition from ‘Toxic’ or ‘Extreme’ Soils 3.1 Acid Soils 3.2 Calcareous Soils 3.3 Soils with High Levels of Heavy Metals 3.4 Saline Soils: an Ever-increasing Problem in Agriculture 3.5 Flooded Soils 4 Plant Nutrient-use Efficiency 4.1 Variation in Nutrient Concentration 4.3 Nutrient Loss from Plants 4.4 Ecosystem Nutrient-use Efficiency 5 Mineral Nutrition: as vast Array of Adaptations and Acclimations References Box 6.1: Phosphorus Fractions in Leaves and Photosynthetic Phosphorus-Use Efficiency) 7. GROWTH AND ALLOCATION 1 Introduction: What is Growth? 2 Growth of Whole Plants and of Individual Organs 2.1 Growth of Whole Plants 2.2 Growth of Cells 3 The Physiological Basis of Variation in RGR ‑ Plants Grown with Free Access to Nutrients 3.1 SLA is a Major factor Associated with Variation in RGR 3.2 Leaf thickness and Leaf Mass Density 3.3 Anatomical and Chemical Differences Associated with Leaf-mass Density 3.4 Net Assimilation Rate, Photosynthesis, and Respiration 3.5 RGR and the Rate of Leaf Elongation and Leaf Appearance 3.6 RGR and Activities per Unit Mass 3.7 RGR and Suites of Plant Traits 4 Allocation to Storage 4.1 The Concept of Storage 4.2 Chemical Forms of Stores 4.3 Storage and Remobilization in Annuals 4.4 The Storage Strategy of biennials 4.5 Storage in Perennials 4.6 Costs of Growth and Storage: Optimization 5 Environmental Influences 5.1 Growth as Affected by Irradiance 5.2 Growth as Affected by Temperature 5.3 Growth as Affected by Soil Water Potential and Salinity 5.4 Growth at a Limiting Nutrient Supply 5.5 Plant Growth as Affected by Soil Compaction 5.6 Growth as Affected by Soil Flooding 5.7 Growth as Affected by Submergence 5.8 Growth as Affected by Touch and wind 5.9 Growth as Affected by Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations 6 Adaptations Associated with Inherent Variation on Growth Rate 6.1 Fast‑growing and Slow‑growing Species 6.2 Growth of Inherently Fast‑ and Slow‑growing Species under Resource-limited Conditions 6.3 Are there Ecological Advantages Associated with a High or Low RGR? 7 Growth and Allocation: the Message about Plant Messages References Box 7.1: Phytohormones Box 7.2: Phytochrome 8. LIFE CYCLES: ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES AND ADAPTATIONS 1 Introduction 2 Seed Dormancy, Quiescence, and Germination 2.1 Hard Seed Coats 2.2 Germination Inhibitors in the Seed 2.3 Effects of Nitrate 2.4 Other External Chemical signals 2.5 Effects of Light 2.6 Effects of Temperature 2.7 Physiological Aspects of Dormancy 2.8 Summary of Ecological Aspects of Seed Dormancy and Germination 3 Developmental Phases 3.1 Seedling Phase 3.2 Juvenile Phase 3.3 Reproductive Phase 3.4 Fruiting 3.5 Senescence 4 Seed Dispersal 4.1 Dispersal Mechanisms 4.2 Life-history Correlates 5 The Message to Disperse: Perception, Transduction and Response References 9. BIOTIC INFLUENCES 9A. SYMBIOTIC ASSOCIATIONS 1 Introduction 2 Mycorrhizas 2.1 Mycorrhizal Structures: Are they Beneficial for Plant Growth? 2.3 Phosphate Relations 2.4 Effects on Nitrogen Nutrition Water Acquisition 2.5 Role of Mycorrhizas in Defense 2.6 Carbon Costs of the Mycorrhizal Symbiosis 2.7 Agricultural and Ecological Perspectives 3 Associations with Nitrogen‑fixing Organisms 3.1 Symbiotic N2 Fixation is Restricted to a fairly Limited number of Plant Species 3.2 Host-guest Specificity in the Legume-rhizobium Symbiosis 3.3 The Infection Process in the Legume-rhizobium Association 3.4 Nitrogenase Activity and Synthesis of Organic Nitrogen 3.5 Carbon and Energy Metabolism of the Nodules 3.6 Quantification of N2 Fixation in situ 3.7 Ecological Aspects of the Symbiotic Association with N2 Fixing Microorganisms that do not Involve Specialized Structures 3.8 Carbon Costs of the Legume-rhizobium Symbiosis 3.9 Suppression of the Legume-rhizobium Symbiosis at Low pH and in the Presence of a large Supply of Combined Nitrogen 4 Endosymbionts 5 Plant Life among Microsymbionts References 9B. ECOLOGICAL BIOCHEMISTRY: ALLELOPATHY AND DEFENSE AGAINST HERBIVORES 1 Introduction 2 Allelopathy (interference Competition) 3 Chemical Defense Mechanisms 3.1 Defense against herbivores 3.2 Qualitative and Quantitative Defense Compounds 3.3 The Arms race of Plants and herbivores 3.4 How Do Plants Avoid being Killed by their own Poisons? 3.5 Secondary Metabolites for Medicines and Crop Protection 4 Environmental Effects on the Production of Secondary Plant Metabolites 4.1 Abiotic factors 4.2 Induced Defense and Communication between Neighboring Plants 4.3 Communication between Plants and their Bodyguards 5 The Costs of Chemical Defense 5.1 Diversion of Resources from Primary Growth 5.2 Strategies of Predators 5.3 Mutualistic Associations with ants 6 Detoxification of Xenobiotics by Plants: Phytoremediation 7 Secondary Chemicals and Messages that Emerge from this Chapter References 9C. EFFECTS OF MICROBIAL PATHOGENS 1. Introduction 2 Constitutive Antimicrobial Defense Compounds 3 The Plant’s Response to Attack by Microorganisms 4 Cross-talk between Induced Systemic Resistance and Defense against herbivores 5 Messages from One Organism to Another References 9D. PARASITIC ASSOCIATIONS 1 Introduction 2 Growth and Development 2.1 Seed Germination 2.2 Haustoria Formation 2.3 Effects of the Parasite on Host Development 3 Water Relations and Mineral Nutrition 4 Carbon Relations 5 What Can We Extract from this Chapter? References 9E. INTERACTIONS AMONG PLANTS 1 Introduction 2 Theories of Competitive Mechanisms 3 How Do Plants Perceive the Presence of Neighbors? 4 Relationship of Plant Traits to Competitive ability 4.1 Growth Rate and Tissue Turnover 4.2 Allocation Pattern, Growth Form and Tissue Mass Density 4.3 Plasticity 5 Traits Associated with Competition for Specific Resources 5.1 Nutrients 5.2 Water 5.3 Light 5.4 Carbon Dioxide 6 Positive Interactions among Plants 6.1 Physical benefits 6.2 Nutritional benefits 6.3 Allelochemical benefits 7 Plant-microbial Symbiosis 8 Succession and Long-term Ecosystem Development 9 What Do We Gain from this Chapter? Box 9E.1: Plant Ecology Strategy Schemes References 9F. CARNIVORY 1. Introduction 2. Structures Associated with the Catching of the Prey and Subsequent Withdrawal of Nutrients from the Prey 3. Some Case Studies 3.1 Dionaea muscipula 3.2 The Suction Traps of Utricularia 3.3 The Tentacles of Drosera 3.4 Pitchers of Sarracenia 3.5 Passive Traps of Philcoxia 4. The Message to Catch References 10. ROLE IN ECOSYSTEM AND GLOBAL PROCESSES 10A. DECOMPOSITION 1 Introduction 2 Litter Quality and Decomposition Rate 2.1 Species Effects on Litter Quality: Links with Ecological Strategy 2.2 Environmental Effects on Decomposition 3 The Link between Decomposition Rate and Nutrient Supply 3.1 The Process of Nutrient Release 3.2 Effects of Litter Quality on Mineralization 3.3 Root Exudation and Rhizosphere Effects 4 The End-product of Decomposition References 10B. ECOSYSTEM AND GLOBAL PROCESSES: ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL CONTROLS 1 Introduction 2 Ecosystem Biomass and Production 2.1 Scaling from Plants to Ecosystems 2.2 Physiological Basis of Productivity 2.3 Disturbance and Succession 2.4 Photosynthesis and Absorbed Radiation 2.5 Net Carbon Balance of Ecosystems 2.6 The Global Carbon Cycle 3 Nutrient Cycling 3.1 Vegetation Controls over Nutrient Uptake and Loss 3.2 Vegetation Controls over Mineralization 4 Ecosystem Energy Exchange and the Hydrological Cycle 4.1 Vegetation Effects on Energy Exchange 4.2 Vegetation Effects on the Hydrological Cycle 5 Moving to a Higher Level: Scaling from Physiology to the Globe References GLOSSARY SUBJECT INDEX
£85.49
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Essential Current Concepts in Stem Cell Biology
Book SynopsisThis textbook describes the biology of different adult stem cell types and outlines the current level of knowledge in the field. It clearly explains the basics of hematopoietic, mesenchymal and cord blood stem cells and also covers induced pluripotent stem cells. Further, it includes a chapter on ethical aspects of human stem cell research, which promotes critical thinking and responsible handling of the material.Based on the international masters program Molecular and Developmental Stem Cell Biology taught at Ruhr-University Bochum and Tongji University Shanghai, the book is a valuable source for postdocs and researchers working with stems cells and also offers essential insights for physicians and dentists wishing to expand their knowledge.This textbook is a valuable complement to Concepts and Applications of Stem Cell Biology, also published in the Learning Materials in Biosciences textbook series.Trade Review“The books ... ‘compactly and concisely discuss a specific bio-topic based on lectures for upper-level undergraduates, master’s and graduate students’: this means that both beginners and well-trained students can benefit from reading this and other books in the same collection. ... All chapters are decorated by clear and well-designed color illustrations. I am pretty sure the book will meet the reader’s expectations.” (Manuela Monti, European Journal of Histochemistry, Vol. 64, 2020)Table of Contents1. Hematopoietic stem cells2. Mesenchymal stem cells 3. Cord blood stem cells 4. Induced pluripotent stem cells 5. Epigenetic regulation in somatic cell reprogramming 6. MET in reprogramming 7. Extracellular vesicles 8. Neural stem cells 9. Neural stem cell niche 10. Human pluripotent stem cells and neural regeneration 11. Organoids 12. Ethical aspects of human stem cell research
£53.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Plant Responses to Nanomaterials: Recent
Book SynopsisThe population of the world continues to increase at an alarming rate. The trouble linked with overpopulation ranges from food and water scarcity to inadequacy of space for organisms. Overpopulation is also linked with several other demographic hazards, for instance, population blooming will not only result in exhaustion of natural repositories, but it will also induce intense pressure on the world economy. Today nanotechnology is often discussed as a key discipline of research but it has positive and negative aspects. Also, due to industrialization and ever-increasing population, nano-pollution has been an emerging topic among scientists for investigation and debate. Nanotechnology measures any substance on a macromolecular scale, molecular scale, and even atomic scale. More importantly, nanotechnology deals with the manipulation and control of any matter at the dimension of a single nanometer. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) play important roles in sustainable development and environmental challenges as well. NPs possess both harmful and beneficial effects on the environment and its harboring components, such as microbes, plants, and humans. There are many beneficial impacts exerted by nanoparticles, however, including their role in the management of waste water and soil treatment, cosmetics, food packaging, agriculture, biomedicines, pharmaceuticals, renewable energies, and environmental remedies. Conversely, NPs also show some toxic effects on microbes, plants, as well as human beings. It has been reported that use of nanotechnological products leads to the more accumulation of NPs in soil and aquatic ecosystems, which may be detrimental for living organisms. Further, toxic effects of NPs on microbes, invertebrates, and aquatic organisms including algae, has been measured. Scientists have also reported on the negative impact of NPs on plants by discussing the delivery of NPs in plants. Additionally, scientists have also showed that NPs interact with plant cells, which results in alterations in growth, biological function, gene expression, and development. Thus, there has been much investigated and reported on NPs and plant interactions in the last decade. This book discusses the most recent work on NPs and plant interaction, which should be useful for scientists working in nanotechnology across a wide variety of disciplines.Table of Contents1. Applications of Nanomaterials to Enhance Plant Health and Agricultural Production2. Nanoparticles and their impacts on seed germination3. Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their impact on plants4. Physiology of zinc oxide nanoparticles in plants5. Effect of TiO2 as plant-growth stimulating nanomaterial on crop production6. Contribution to monography Nanomaterials and physiological and biochemical responses of plants7. Impacts of Carbon nanotubes on physiology and biochemistry of plants8. Silver Nanoparticles and their Morpho-physiological Responses on Plants9. Nanoparticles: Sources and toxicity10. Impact of cobalt nanoparticles on morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of plants11. Nanoparticles-induced oxidative stress in plants12. Variability, behaviour and impact of nanoparticles in the environment
£125.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Morphogenesis Deconstructed: An Integrated View of the Generation of Forms
Book SynopsisThis book is about morphogenesis as the genesis of forms. It is not restricted to plants growing from seed or animals developing from an embryo (although these do supply the most abundant examples) but also addresses kindred processes, from inorganic to social to biomorphic technology. It is about our morphogenetic universe: unplanned, unfair and frustratingly complicated but benevolent in allowing us to emerge, survive, and inquire into its laws.Table of ContentsMorphogenetic Universe.- Aggregation.- Broken Symmetry.- Life Evolves.- Cells in Motion.- Cells United.- Communication.- Biomorphic Technologies.
£44.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Female and Male Fertility Preservation
Book SynopsisThis book comprehensively addresses female and male fertility preservation. It discusses in detail all major aspects of fertility preservation in both sexes, explains the basis of fertility preservation, and highlights the currently available techniques; further chapters are dedicated to specific diseases. The book offers an essential reference guide for all physicians, specialists or not, seeking to improve their grasp of female and male fertility preservation. Table of ContentsPart I FEMALE FERTILITY PRESERVATION Normal ovarian ageing.- The effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on female reproductive tract.- Pediatric cancer and fertility.- ART in cancer survivors: including egg donation.- Fertility sparing surgery in gynecologic cancers.- Ovarian transposition.- Hormonal suppression for ovarian protection.- Oocyte and embryo cryopreservation: methodology and clinical results.- Ovarian stimulation for fertility preservation (different protocols).- In vitro maturation of oocytes.- Ovarian tissue cryopreservation.- Techniques of ovarian transplantation.- Assessing safety in ovarian transplantation.- Whole ovary cryopreservation and transplantation.- Fertility preservation in breast cancer patients.- Fertility preservation and endometriosis.- Fertility preservation in autoimmune diseases.- Fertility preservation in transgender males.- Fertility preservation in Turner syndrome and other gonadal dysgeneses .- Tissue preparation and follicle activation by physical methods .- Fertility preservation in children and adolescents.- Social egg freezing.- Ovarian tissue banking to postpone menopause.- Endometrial stem cells transplantation.- Uterine transplantation.- Surrogacy.- Medical treatments for ovarian protection.- Transplantation of isolated follicles.- In vitro folliculogenesis.- Artificial ovary.- Gamete production from stem cells.- Part II MALE FERTILITY PRESERVATION Impact of cancer treatments on sperm chromatin integrity.- ART in cancer patients including sperm donation.- Sperm cryopreservation.- Indications and methods of Epididymal or Testicular sperm retrieval for cryopreservation.- Testis sparing surgery.- Hormonal suppression for FP in male.- Fertility preservation in hypogonadal men.- Fertility preservation in prepubertal boys.- Fertility preservation in transgender females.- Testicular tissue transplantation.- Removal of malignant cells prior to autotransplantation of spermatogonial stem cells.- Transplantation of cryopreserved spermatogonia.- In vitro spermatogenesis.- Part III FEMALE AND MALE FERTILITY PRESERVATION Psychological aspects of fertility preservation.- Ethical considerations of fertility preservation.- Legal aspects.
£179.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Nanomaterial Biointeractions at the Cellular,
Book SynopsisThe range of nanomaterial applications has expanded recently from catalysis, electronics, and filtration to therapeutics, diagnostics, agriculture, and food because of unique properties and potentials of different nanoparticles and nanomaterials. Research shows that these exquisite particles can interact with an organism at the cellular, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. However, our knowledge of how they affect these changes, selectively or generally, in diverse organism or ecosystems is very limited and far from satisfactory. Data indicate that the biological function largely depends on the shape, size, and surface characteristics of the nanoparticles used besides life cycle stages of an organism. Therefore, this compilation will focus on the body of work carried out by distinguished investigators using diverse nanomaterials and plant and animal species. This book includes specific case studies as well as general review articles highlighting aspects of multilayered interactions, and targets not only research and academic scholars but also the concerned industry and policy makers as well.Table of ContentsPreface1. Pros and cons of metal oxide nanomaterial use in Australian broadacre agriculture: Nazanin Nikoo Jamal, Elliott Duncan & Gary Owens; Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South AustraliaBuilding X2-06 Mawson Lakes Campus2. Accumulation of metal-oxide nanomaterials by unicellular algae and their transfer within marine and aquatic food-webs; Elliott Duncan & Gary Owens: Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia3. The chemistry behind nanotoxicological processes in living systems: Guadalupe de la Rosa, Edgar Vazquez, Concepcion Garcia, Laura Lopez, Gustavo Cruz and Gustavo Basurto; Departamento de Ingenierías Química, Electrónica y Biomédica, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato 4. Nanoparticles and Sustainable Agriculture: Concepts and controversies: Durgesh Kumar Tripathi, Namira Arif, Shivesh Sharma, N K Dubey and D K Chauhan; Center of Medical Diagnostic and Research, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad5. Elucidating the role of nano-bio interactions in nanotoxicology: Lok R. Pokhrel; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, USA 6. Potential of nonotechnology for increasing micronutrients fertilizer use efficiency in crop production: S K Singh and Yukti Verma; Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India7. Fate and effect of engineered nanomaterials in agricultural systems; Jason White: The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA8. Effects of engineered nanomaterials on the alleviation of abiotic stress in plants: M. Djanaguiraman, P.V.V. Prasad and O.P. Dhankher; Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA 9. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Interactions: I. In vitro Studies in Animal Cells: Ashley Cox and Shivendra Sahi; Department of Biology, University of Sciences, 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, USA10. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Interactions: II. An Analysis Based on Animal Organ System: Ashley Cox and Nilesh Sharma; Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA11. Engineered nanomaterials toxicity at different growth phases of agricultural species: Swati Rawat, Yi Wang, Chaoyi Deng, Yuqing Yeb, Carolina B. Valdes, Jose R. Peralta-Videa and Jorge. L. Gardea-Torresdey; Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA 12. Nanotoxicology Research Based on Drosophila Models: Ananya Sharma & Ajay Srivastava; Dept of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY USA13. Caenorhabditis elegans – A unique animal model to study soil–nanoparticles–organism interactions; Daniel Starnes, Catherine Starnes: Department of Biology, Belmont University, Nashville, TN, USA14. Cytotoxic efficacy of green engineered biomolecules-loaded silver nanoparticles on HeLa Cell line using leaf extracts of Leucas aspera: P. Venkatachalam, U. Jinu and T. Bhuvaneswari; Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem, India15. Zebrafish models of nanotoxicity – A comprehensive account: Silvia Giordani; University of Turin, Chemistry Department, Via Giuria, Torino, Italy16. Responses of terrestrial plants to metallic nanomaterial exposure – a Mechanistic analysis: Keni Cota-Ruiz, Swati Rawat, Jose R. Peralta-Videa and Jorge. L. Gardea-Torresdey; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USAIndex
£80.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG The Never-Ending Story of Life: A Brief Journey
Book SynopsisFor humankind, the most irreducible idea is the concept of life itself. In order to understand that life is essentially an infinite process, transmitted from generation to generation, this book takes the reader on a fascinating journey that unravels one of our greatest mysteries. It begins with the premise that life is a fact—that it is everywhere; that it takes infinite forms; and, most importantly, that it is intrinsically self-perpetuating. Rather than exploring how the first living forms emerged in our universe, the book begins with our first primordial ancestor cell and tells the story of life—how it began, when that first cell diversified into many other cell types and organisms, and how it has continued until the present day. On this journey, the author covers the fundaments of biology such as cell division, diversity, regeneration, repair and death. The rather fictional epilogue even goes one step further and discusses ways how to literally escape the problem of limited recourse and distribution on our planet by looking at life outside the solar system. This book is designed to explain complex ideas in biology simply, but not simplistically, with a special emphasis on plain and accessible language as well as a wealth of hand-drawn illustrations. Thus, it is suitable not only for students seeking for an introduction into biological concepts and terminology, but for everyone with an interest in the fundamentals of life at the crossroad of evolutionary and cell biology. Table of ContentsChapter 1. The Origin of Eukaryotic Cells and Multicellular OrganismsFirst signs of life on Earth were most probably in form of unicellular organisms that rapidly diverged into different types while adapting to all conceivable environments. From those, the first eukaryotic cells appeared giving rise to the origin of multicellular organisms that after an unimaginable series of changes and adaptations ended in what we know today as fungi, plants and animals. This chapter explains how this long and complex process most probably happened in the last billions of years since the origin of life. Chapter 2. Multicellular Organisms Propagation The essential principle of life perpetuation through uninterrupted life cycles of individual organisms is described in detail. During this process, life flows by acquiring many forms such as the gametes formed by individuals, gamete fusion (egg fertilization), embryogenesis, growth and development, adulthood, sexual maturation and again, another cycle of life is initiated. Nevertheless, the key factor for this process to operate is based in the basic principle that individuals have a finite life span while life is propagated indefinitely. Chapter 3. Grow Fast and Well or Die Right after fertilization, most organism’s early growth and development in general needs to happen very quickly. Why? Because most organisms are autonomous life forms from the very beginning of their existence. In this chapter the main strategies for multicellular organisms to produce enough offspring that would contribute to the next generation and therefore to become fertile and procreate will be described. Most remarkable, despite of the evident diversity that exists among animal species (insects, mollusks, crustaceans, birds, reptile and mammals) the fundamental principles that apply during the reproductive process are very similar. Chapter 4. Why Do Animals Grow, Age and then Die? As simple as it sounds, the main purpose of the multicellular organism—that is, the body of an animal—is to ensure that life will continue by ensuring transfer into the next generation. Nonetheless, from the biological point of view, life is long enough for most organisms to have a chance to grow, mature, learn, have experiences, and mate with the right reproductive partner. If this last thing occurs, the organisms can produce descendants to enhance chances of perpetuation. Once this is finish, each organism has accomplished their main purpose and therefore their remaining time will depend on how fast age, become dysfunctional and die. Chapter 5. How Do Tissues Regenerate After an Injury? Tissues and organs naturally regenerate through the processes called tissue and organ homeostatic regeneration or physiological regeneration. We also know that different tissues undergo homeostatic regeneration at different speeds, and can be classified as having faster, medium, or slower regeneration rates. Now, the question is what happens to tissues’ capacity for regeneration after tissue injury (trauma). This type of post-traumatic regeneration is called pathological regeneration and it will depend of each tissue of how it regenerates or not by forming a scar tissue. Chapter 6. Epilogue: The Future of Humankind Could Depend on Unicellular Life It is very clear for most of us that life in our planet is becoming more and more restricted in terms of having enough resources to support everyone subsistence. This without question could cause in the near future a massive crisis for survival. But before this would happen we could have one or two more chances to survive. Our first option is to solve our population growth dynamics and the second is to prepare ourselves for a long trip to other words, outside our solar system. Both scenarios are considered to evaluate how we can contribute to the never-ending story of life.
£31.34
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Dicotyledons: Rosids
Book SynopsisThe succulent species of the families of subclass Rosidae are presented by alphabet of families, genera, and species, with comprehensive listings of synonyms added at all levels. Detailed descriptions are given for all accepted taxa, together with data on the distribution and typification, and references to the most important literature. Where necessary, information on ecology, ethnobotany, history, etc. is added, and in many places, proposed relationships are critically discussed.The volume covers the succulents from the families Anacardiacae, Begoniaceae, Bixaceae, Brassicaceae, Burseraceae, Capparaceae, Caricaceae, Clusiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Francoaceae, Geraniaceae, Malvaceae, Melastomataceae, Meliaceae, Moraceae, Moringaceae, Oxalidaceae, Passifloraceae, Sapindaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Urticaceae, Vitaceae and Zygophyllaceae.Trade Review“... ein eigentlich unentbehrliches Referenzwerk für Botaniker, fortgeschrittene Sukkulentenfreunde und Fachbibliotheken ...” (Detlev Metzing, in: Kakteen und andere Sukkulenten, Jg. 74, Heft 9, September 2023)Table of ContentsAnacardiacae: U. Eggli Begoniaceae: U. Eggli Bixaceae: U. Eggli Brassicaceae: not yet assigned Burseraceae: U. Eggli Capparaceae: U. Eggli Caricaceae: U. Eggli Clusiaceae: U. Eggli Cucurbitaceae: L. E. Newton Euphorbiaceae: S. Carter Fabaceae: not yet assigned Francoaceae: U. Eggli Geraniaceae: U. Meve Malvaceae: C. C. Walker Melastomataceae: U. Eggli Meliaceae: U. Eggli Moraceae: L. E. Newton & al. Moringaceae: U. Eggli Oxalidaceae: C. C. Walker Passifloraceae: W. J. de Wilde ? (unable to contact as of April 2020) Phyllanthaceae: S. Carter Sapindaceae: U. Eggli Tropaeolaceae: U. Eggli Urticaceae: C. C. Walker Vitaceae: L. E. Newton Zygophyllaceae: G. F. Smith & E. Figueiredo
£382.49
Springer International Publishing AG Neurogenetics: Current Topics in Cellular and
Book SynopsisThis textbook provides students with knowledge of neurogenetics, neurogenesis, neuronal specification and function, neuronal networks, learning and memory formation, brain evolution, and neurodegenerative diseases.Students are introduced to topics of classical developmental genetics as well as modern molecular and neurogenetic methods. Using a wealth of examples from current research, the textbook takes a strong applied approach. Using animal models such as Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans as well as mammalian systems, the interrelationships between genes, neurons, nervous systems, and behaviour under normal and pathological conditions are illustrated. The textbook aims encourage students to address biological questions in neurogenetics and to think about the design of their own experiments. It targets primarily master and graduate students in neurobiology, but is also a valuable teaching tool for instructors in these fields.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction to neurogenetics.- Chapter 2. Neurogenetic analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans.- Chapter 3. Regionalisation of the early nervous system.- Chapter 4. Early neurogenesis and gliogenesis in Drosophila.- Chapter 5. Neural stem cells and brain tumour models in Drosophila.- Chapter 6. Eye development in Drosophila: from photoreceptor specification to terminal differentiation.- Chapter 7. Neurogenetics of memory, learning and forgetting.- Chapter 8. Evolution and origins of nervous systems.- Chapter 9. Neural stem and progenitor cells in the mammalian brain.- Chapter 10. Models of neurodegenerative diseases.
£56.05
Springer International Publishing AG Stammzellen: Neueste Fortschritte
Book Synopsis In diesem Band berichten die Autoren aus führenden Labors, die sich mit Stammzelltheranostik beschäftigen, über die neuesten Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Stammzellforschung. Das Buch befasst sich mit vielen Aspekten der stammzellbasierten Therapie und den Fortschritten in der Stammzelltherapie bei Leber-, Augen- und Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen sowie bei Krebs. Dieser Band ist eine Fortsetzung der von Prof. Khawaja Husnain Haider bereits herausgegebenen Bücher zur stammzellbasierten Therapienostik. Es ist ein ideales Buch für Forscher, die sich mit der Entwicklung von Arzneimitteln sowie mit regenerativer Medizin und stammzellbasierter Therapie beschäftigen. Die sekundäre Zielgruppe umfasst Medizinstudenten, Ärzte, Zellpharmakologen, die Arzneimittelindustrie und Forscher, die Stammzellen als Ex-vivo-Krankheitsmodelle für die Arzneimittelentwicklung verwenden. Table of ContentsMikro-Elektroden-Arrays: Ein wertvolles Instrument zur Analyse von Kardiomyozyten aus Stammzellen2. CD34+ STAMMZELLEN UND REGENERATIVE MEDIZIN 3. Mesenchymal-hämatopoetische Stammzellachse: Anwendungen für die Induktion von hämatopoetischem Chimärismus und Therapien für maligne Erkrankungen 4. Aus mesenchymalen Stammzellen gewonnenes Sekretom: ein neues Mittel zur Behandlung von Autoimmun- und Entzündungskrankheiten 5. Regenerative Herztherapie bei Diabetes: Herausforderungen und potenzielle Therapeutika 6. Makrophagenreaktion auf Biomaterialien bei kardiovaskulären Anwendungen 7. Entwicklung von Stammzellen in der kardio-regenerativen Therapie 8. Regeneration des Herzens auf der Grundlage von Stammzellen: Kann man optimistisch in die Zukunft blicken? 9. Dentale mesenchymale Stamm-/Progenitorzellen: Eine neue Perspektive für die regenerative Medizin 10. Stammzellbasiertes Tissue Engineering für funktionalen Schmelz und Dentin/Pulp-Komplex: eine mögliche Alternative zu restaurativen Therapien 11. Zell- und stammzellbasierte Therapien für Leberdefekte: Jüngste Fortschritte und künftige Strategien 12. Stammzellen: eine erneuerbare Quelle für β-Zellen der Bauchspeicheldrüse und die Zukunft der Diabetesbehandlung 13. Induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen in der pädiatrischen Forschung und klinischen Umsetzung 14. Reifung von aus pluripotenten Stammzellen gewonnenen Kardiomyozyten und Zukunftsperspektiven für die regenerative Medizin 15. Verfügbarkeit von pluripotenten Stammzellen aus normalen Zellen in der Krebsforschung
£98.99
Springer International Publishing AG Panicum (Poaceae)
Book SynopsisThis work will be volume 124 in the Flora Neotropica Monograph book Series, Lawrence M. Kelly (Editor-in-Chief). Flora Neotropica volumes provide taxonomic treatments of plant groups or families growing in the Americas between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. This monograph on Panicum (Poaceae), known as panicgrass, was written by the world-leading authority on this plant group. A total of one genus and 63 species are described. It also includes information on conservation, phylogenetic relationships, taxonomic history, ecology, cytology, and anatomy, among other topics. This is the first comprehensive volume on this topic since the 1920s and is lavishly illustrated with line drawings, black and white photographs, and distribution maps.Table of ContentsAbstract Resumen Introduction Material and Methods History of the genus Morphology Habit, sheaths, ligules and blades Inflorescences Spikelets Texture and ornamentation of the upper anthecium Foliar anatomy Chromosome numbers Phylogeny and evolution Geographic distribution Taxonomic treatment Key of sections and ungrouped species Species Excluded species Acknowledgments List of taxa Literature cited List of exsicatta Index of local names Index of scientific names
£107.99
de Gruyter OntogenetischPhylogenetische Beziehungen Zu
Book Synopsis
£134.09
Springer International Publishing AG Flowering Plants. Monocots: Poaceae
Book SynopsisThis volume is the outcome of a modern phylogenetic analysis of the grass family based on multiple sources of data, in particular molecular systematic studies resulting from a concerted effort by researchers worldwide, including the author. In the classification given here grasses are subdivided into 12 subfamilies with 29 tribes and over 700 genera. The keys and descriptions for the taxa above the rank of genus are hierarchical, i.e. they concentrate upon characters which are deemed to be synapomorphic for the lineages and may be applicable only to their early-diverging taxa.Beyond the treatment of phylogeny and formal taxonomy, the author presents a wide range of information on topics such as the structural characters of grasses, their related functional aspects and particularly corresponding findings from the field of developmental genetics with inclusion of genes and gene products instrumental in the shaping of morphological traits (in which this volume appears unique within this book series); further topics addressed include the contentious time of origin of the family, the emigration of the originally shade-loving grasses out of the forest to form vast grasslands accompanied by the switch of many members to C4 photosynthesis, the impact of herbivores on the silica cycle housed in the grass phytoliths, the reproductive biology of grasses, the domestication of major cereal crops and the affinities of grasses within the newly circumscribed order Poales.This volume provides a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge on the Poaceae (Gramineae), with major implications in terms of key scientific challenges awaiting future research. It certainly will be of interest both for the grass specialist and also the generalist seeking state-of-the-art information on the diversity of grasses, the most ecologically and economically important of the families of flowering plants.Table of ContentsPoaceae – General Information Description of the familyVegetative morphology and anatomy Roots Stems Leaves Morphology and development Leaf epidermis Internal anatomy of leaves Inflorescence structure Transition to flowering Bract formation and inflorescence phyllotaxis Numbers of orders of branching Numbers of branches or spikelets at each order of branching Branch angle Axis elongation Spikelets Disarticulation Flower structure Embryology Ovule Megagametophyte Embryo Endosperm Karyology and genome structure Chromosome number Polyploidy Genome size Genome mapping, sequencing and conservation of gene order GC content Pollen Morphology and anther structure Pollination Pollen transfer Pollen germination and pollen tube growth Fruit and seed Dispersal Unassisted or wind dispersal Dispersal in time: seed dormancy Dispersal by animals Role of the awn Forcible dispersal Phytochemistry Phenolics Derivatives of amino acids (tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine) Terpenoids Chemicals produced by symbionts or pathogens Phytosiderophores Distribution, habitats and conservation Distribution and maintenance of grasslands Distribution of major clades Species diversity Conservation and response to climate change Reproductive systems Unisexual vs. bisexual flowers Self-pollination and self-incompatibility systems Cleistogamy Barriers to interspecific crossing Asexual reproduction Fossil record and dates of diversification Domestication Origins of major cereal crops Morphological changes in domestication Genetic and genomic changes in domestication Affinities Classification of the Poaceae Subdivision of the family Key to the subfamilies I. Subfamily AnomochlooideaeSpikelet clade II. Subfamily PharoideaeBistigmatic clade III. Subfamily PuelioideaeBEP + PACMAD cladesBEP clade Incertae sedis – Streptogyna IV. Subfamily Ehrhartoideae Ehrhartoideae Incertae sedis – Suddia I. Tribe Phyllorachideae II. Tribe Ehrharteae III. Tribe Oryzeae III.1. Subtribe Oryzinae III.2. Subtribe Zizaniinae V. Subfamily Bambusoideae IV. Tribe Arundinarieae Clade I. Bergbambos Clade II. Oldeania Clade III. Chimonocalamus Clade IV. Shibataea Clade V. Phyllostachys Clade VI. Arundinaria Clade VII. Thamnocalamus Clade VIII. “Indocalamus” wilsonii Clade IX. Gaoligongshania Clade X. Indocalamus s.s. Clade XI. “Ampelocalamus” calcareus Clade XII. Kuruna V. Tribe Bambuseae Neotropical clade V.1. Subtribe Chusqueinae V.2. Subtribe Arthrostylidiinae V.3. Subtribe Guaduinae Paleotropical clade V.4. Subtribe Bambusinae V.5. Subtribe Melocanninae V.6. Subtribe Hickeliinae V.7. Subtribe Racemobambosinae VI. Tribe Olyreae VI.1. Subtribe Buergersiochloinae VI.2. Subtribe Parianinae VI.3. Subtribe Olyrinae VI. Subfamily Pooideae VII. Tribe Brachyelytreae VIII. Tribe Nardeae IX. Tribe Phaenospermateae X. Tribe Stipeae XI. Tribe Meliceae XII. Tribe Diarrheneae XIII. Tribe Brachypodieae XIV. Tribe Bromeae XV. Tribe Triticeae XVI. Tribe Poeae Incertae sedis XVI.1. Subtribe Torreyochloinae XVI.2. Subtribe Aveninae XVI.3. Subtribe Phalaridinae XVI.4. Subtribe Anthoxanthinae XVI.5. Subtribe Agrostidinae XVI.6. Subtribe Scolochloinae XVI.7. Subtribe Airinae XVI.8. Subtribe Ammochloinae XVI.9. Subtribe Cynosurinae XVI.10. Subtribe Loliinae XVI.11. Subtribe Dactylidinae XVI.12. Subtribe Parapholiinae XVI.13. Subtribe Sesleriinae XVI.14. Subtribe Coleanthinae XVI.15. Subtribe Poinae PACMAD cladeVII. Subfamily Aristidoideae VIII. Subfamily Panicoideae XVII. Tribe Steyermarkochloeae XVIII. Tribe Tristachyideae XIX. Tribe Chasmanthieae XX. Tribe Gynerieae XXI. Tribe Centotheceae Panicoideae s.s. Panicoideae s.s. incertae sedis XXII. Tribe Andropogoneae XXII.1. Subtribe Arundinellinae Andropogoneae s.s. Andropogoneae s.s. incertae sedis XXII.2. Subtribe Tripsacinae XXII.3. Subtribe Rottboelliinae XXII.4. Subtribe Ischaeminae XXII.5. Subtribe Saccharinae XXII.6. Subtribe Germainiinae XXII.7. Subtribe Andropogoninae XXIII. Tribe Paspaleae XXIII.1. Subtribe Arthropogoninae XXIII.2. Subtribe Otachyriinae XXIII.3. Subtribe Paspalinae XXIV. Tribe Paniceae Incertae sedis XXIV.1. Subtribe Anthephorinae XXIV.2. Subtribe Boivinellinae XXIV.3. Subtribe Neurachninae XXIV.4. Subtribe Cenchrinae XXIV.5. Subtribe Melinidinae XXIV.6. Subtribe Panicinae IX. Subfamily Danthonioideae X. Subfamily Chloridoideae XXV. Tribe Centropodieae Core C4 Chloridoideae, incertae sedis XXVI. Tribe Triraphideae XXVII. Tribe Eragrostideae Incertae sedis XXVII.1. Subtribe Cotteinae XXVII.2. Subtribe Eragrostidinae XXVII.3. Subtribe Uniolinae XXVIII. Tribe Zoysieae XXIX. Tribe Cynodonteae Incertae sedis XXIX.1. Subtribe Boutelouinae XXIX.2. Subtribe Orcuttiinae XXIX.3. Subtribe Gouiniinae XXIX.4. Subtribe Triodiinae XXIX.5. Subtribe Eleusininae XXIX.6. Subtribe Tripogoninae XXIX.7. Subtribe Pappophorinae XI. Subfamily Micrairoideae XII. Subfamily Arundinoideae
£179.99
Springer International Publishing AG Emerging Issues in Fish Larvae Research
Book SynopsisThis book deals with the fundamentals of key physiological mechanisms involved in the development and growth of fish larvae. Chapters included show how the environmental and nutritional conditions are affecting the developmental process from its molecular basis and how these same conditions also influence the final characteristics of late larvae and fry. This volume provides recent findings on the importance of environmental rhythms, some specific nutrients and the adequate microbial environment in the developmental processes including recent results of current research projects.Table of Contents1- Investigating Fish Larvae-Microbe Interactions in the 21st Century: Old Questions Studied with New Tools.Ragnhild I. Vestrum, Birgit Luef, Torunn Forberg, Ingrid Bakke and Olav Vadstein 2- Environmental Cycles and Biological Rhythms During Early Development. Francisco Javier Sánchez-Vázquez, José Fernando López-Olmeda 3- The Digestive Function in Developing Fish Larvae and Fry. From Molecular Gene Expression to Enzymatic Activity Manuel Yúfera, Francisco J. Moyano, Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez 4- Variability in Digestive Enzyme Capacity in Early stages of Marine Fish Larvae: Ontogenetic Variations, Biorhythms, Hormonal Control and Nutrient Sensing Mechanisms. Bernd Ueberschär, Carmen Navarro-Guillén, Ana Gomes, Ivar Rønnestad, Carlos Rojas, Inken Hanke, Dagh Sommerfeld, Robert Tillner 5- Phospholipids in Marine Larval RearingKeshuai Li, Rolf Erik Olsen, Yang Jin, Yngvar Olsen 6- Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Fish: A Transcriptional Tissue-Specific Crosstalk that Remains to Be Unveiled and Characterized. Ignacio Fernández, Paulo Gavaia, Maria J. Darias, Enric Gisbert 7- Nutritional Modulation of Marine Fish Larvae Performance Sofia Engrola, Cláudia Aragão, Luisa M.P. Valente, Luís E.C. Conceição 8- Fish Pigmentation. A Key Issue for the Sustainable Development of Fish Farming Laura Cal, Paula Suarez-Bregua, Paloma Moran, José Miguel Cerdá-Reverter, Josep Rotllant 9- Novel Aspects of Phosphate Endocrine Control: A Key Element for the Long-Term Sustainability of Finfish Aquaculture Paula Suarez-Bregua, Laura Cal, Pedro M Guerreiro, Josep Rotllant 10- Feeding and Development of Warm Water Marine Fish Larvae in Early Life Jing Hu, Yibing Liu, Zhenhua Ma, Jian G. Qin
£112.49
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Flowering Plants. Eudicots: Malpighiales
Book Synopsis This volume presents systematic treatments for the families and genera of the Malpighiales, which more recently have been recognised as a new major group of the eudicots. Apart from several herbaceous lineages (already treated in Vol. IX of this series), the order consists mainly of rainforest trees, particularly those of the understorey. Accompanied by other early eudicot lineages, this reflects the well-documented origin of the group as invaders into the conifer-, cycad- and seed fern-dominated forests of the Cretaceous which, at that time, were transformed into the tropical rainforest biome. In this volume, 24 families with 429 genera comprising over 12,000 species are treated. Many of these belong to the vast family of the Euphorbiaceae (here conceived in a broader sense), followed by the Violaceae, whereas some of the remaining families are very small and even relictual. The revised classification includes a complete inventory of the genera belonging to the families treated in this volume, along with their diagnostic features and keys for their identification. References to the latest taxonomic literature and links to many different disciplines important to modern plant systematics make the volume a valuable source of information on the manifold aspects of plant diversity.Table of ContentsIntroduction to MalpighialesK. KubitzkiBalanopaceaeK. KubitzkiCaryocaraceaeG.T. PranceCentroplacaeaeK. KubitzkiChrysobalanaceaeG.T. PranceCtenolophonaceaeK. KubitzkiDichapetalaceaeG.T. PranceElatinaceaeK. KubitzkiErythroxylaceaeV. BittrichEuphorbiaceaeG.L. Webster †EuphroniaceaeK. KubitzkiGoupiaceaeK. KubitzkiHumiriaceaeK. KubitzkiIrvingiaceaeK. KubitzkiIxonanthaceaeK. KubitzkiLinaceaeS. Dressler, M. Repplinger and C. BayerLophopyxidaceaeK. KubitzkiMedusagynaceae W.C. Dickison †OchnaceaeM.C.E. Amaral and V. BittrichPandaceaeK. KubitzkiPutranjivaceaeG. LevinQuiinaceaeK. KubitzkiRhizophoraceaeA.E. SchwarzbachTrigoniaceaeV. BittrichViolaceaeH.E. Ballard, Jr., J. de Paula-Souza and G.A. WahlertAddition to PeridiscaceaeC. Bayer and S. DresslerGeneral ReferencesIndex
£161.99
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Malformations
Table of ContentsVesicoureteral Reflux.- A. Definition of Reflux.- B. Anatomy of the Ureterovesical Junction.- I. Contribution of the Ureter and Trigone to the Formation of the Ureterovesical Junction.- II. The Vesical Component of the Ureterovesical Valve.- 1. The Mucosal Layer.- 2. The Inner Longitudinal Muscle Layer.- 3. The Middle Circular Muscle Layer.- 4. The Outer Longitudinal Muscle Layer.- C. Innervation.- D. Physiology of the Ureterovesical Valve.- I. The Effect of Interrupting the Anatomical Continuity between the Ureter and the Trigone.- II. The Effect of Cutting the Nerves that Supply the Trigonal Muscle.- III. The Effect of Active Contraction of the Trigone on the Resistance of the Intravesical Ureter.- IV. The Effect of Active Contraction of the Trigone in Tightening and Occluding the Intravesical Ureter during Voiding.- E. Pathology of the Ureterovesical Junction.- I. Structural Changes at the Ureterovesical Junction.- 1. Conditions in which the Ureteral Hiatus Moves Downward in Relationship to the Ureteral Orifice.- 2. Conditions in which the Ureteral Orifice Moves Upward in Relation to the Ureteral Hiatus.- II. The Effect of Vesical Edema on the Ureterovesical Junction.- III. Congenital Anomalies of the Ureter.- IV. Maturation of the Intravesical Ureter.- V. Concept of the Marginally Competent Ureterovesical Junction.- F. Classification of Reflux by Etiology.- I. Reflux Due to Trigonal Weakness.- II. Reflux Due to Obstruction at or below the Bladder Neck.- III. Reflux Due to Neurogenic Vesical Disease.- IV. Reflux Due to Edema of the Bladder Wall.- V. Reflux Due to Congenital Anomalies.- VI. Reflux Due to Iatrogenic Causes.- G. Etiology of Nonocclusive Ureteral Dilatation (Megaloureter).- I. Factors that Increase the Volume of Urine in the Ureter.- 1. Dilation of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter by Forced Intake of Fluids.- 2. Dilation of the Upper Urinary Tract Due to Diabetes Insipidus.- 3. Dilation of the Pelvis of a Kidney Forced to Increase its Output after Unilateral Nephrectomy.- 4. Reflux as a Cause of Ureteral Overfilling.- II. Emptying Capacity of Various Areas of the Ureter.- III. Reflux and the Ureteropelvic Junction.- IV. Reflux and the Ureterovesical Junction.- H. Incidence of Reflux.- I. High Incidence of Reflux in Children with Urinary Tract Infection.- II. Demonstration of Reflux in Adults with Nonobstructive Pyelonephritis.- I. Effects of Reflux.- I. The Role of Reflux in Obstruction at the Ureteropelvic Junction.- II. The Kidney with Chronic Pyelonephritis.- III. The Atrophic Kidney with Chronic Pyelonephritis.- IV. The Normal Kidney.- V. Reflux as the Cause of Pyelonephritis of Pregnancy.- VI. Role of Reflux in the Perpetuation of Urinary Tract Infection.- VII. Miscellaneous.- J. The Role of the Ureterovesical Junction in the Pathogenesis of Pyelonephritis.- I. Childhood.- II. The Teenage Period.- III. The Adult Period.- IV. Prostatic Period.- K. The Treatment of Reflux and its Complications.- I. Medical Treatment.- II. The Surgical Correction of Reflux.- 1. Types of Operation.- 2. Results of Operation.- 3. Indications for Operation.- a) The Severity of the Reflux.- b) The Presence of Saccules.- c) The Severity of the Clinical Course.- d) The Conditions of the Kidneys.- e) The Age of the Patient.- References.- Anomalies of the Kidney.- I. Agenesis.- a) Bilateral Renal Agenesis.- b) Solitary Pelvic Kidney.- II. Hypoplasia.- a) Unilateral.- b) Bilateral.- III. Cystic Disease.- a) Simple (Solitary) Cysts.- b) Multiple Cysts of the Kidney.- c) Multilocular Cysts.- d) Polycystic Kidney Disease.- e) Peripelvic Cysts.- IV. Fusion Anomalies of the Kidney.- a) Horseshoe Kidney.- b) Unilateral Fused Kidney.- c) Fused Pelvic Kidney.- V. Ectopia of the Kidney.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Classification.- a) Simple Ectopy.- b) Bilateral Ectopia.- c) Crossed Renal Ectopia.- d) Ectopic Pelvic Kidney.- e) Thoracic Kidney (Congenital Superior Ectopia).- VI. Anomalies of Rotation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Embryology.- 3. Incidence.- 4. Etiology.- 5. Symptoms and Diagnosis.- 6. Treatment.- VII. Anomalies of the Vessels.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Production of Hydronephrosis by Aberrant Vessels.- 3. Incidence.- 4. Symptoms.- 5. Diagnosis.- 6. Treatment.- VIII. Supernumerary Kidney.- 1. Introduction and Incidence.- 2. Pathogenesis.- 3. Symptoms.- 4. Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- IX. Cystic Disease of the Renal Pyramids.- 1. Definition and Historical.- 2. Incidence.- 3. Etiology.- 4. Pathology.- 5. Clinical Considerations.- 6. Diagnosis.- 7. Treatment.- 8. Prognosis.- X. Anomalies of the Renal Pelvis.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Embryological Development.- 3. Clinical Considerations.- 4. Differential Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Anomalies of the Ureter.- A. Multiplication, Ectopia and Ureterocele.- I. Ureteral Duplication (and Triplication).- 1. Definitions.- 2. Incidence (Table 1).- 3. Embryology and Physiology.- a) Embryology.- b) Physiology.- 4. Surgical Anatomy.- 5. Associated Anomalies.- 6. Associated Reflux.- 7. Associated Disease.- 8. Clinical Aspects.- a) Symptoms.- b) Diagnosis.- ?) Personal History.- ?) Family History.- ?) Physical Examination.- ?) Laboratory Study of the Urine.- ?) Excretory Urography.- ?) Cystoscopy.- ?) Vaginoscopy and Urethroscopy.- ?) Other Radiographic Techniques.- c) Principles of Management.- ?) Incomplete Ureteral Duplication.- ?) Complete Ureteral Duplication.- ?) Triplication or Quadruplication.- II. Ureteral Ectopia.- 1. Definition and Description.- 2. Sites of Ectopic Orifices.- 3. Incidence.- 4. Associated Anomalies.- 5. Clinical Features.- a) Incontinence.- b) Obstruction and Dilatation.- c) Infection.- 6. Diagnosis.- a) History.- b) Family History.- c) Physical Examination.- d) Urinalysis.- e) Urographie Procedures.- ?) Excretory Urography.- ?) Micturition Urethrocystography.- ?) Vasography.- f) Endoscopy.- 7. Treatment.- III. Ureterocele.- 1. Definition, Description, Types.- 2. Incidence.- 3. Pathogenesis.- 4. Associated Anomalies and Disease.- 5. Clinical Manifestations.- 6. Reflux.- 7. Diagnosis.- a) Urography.- ?) Excretory Urography.- ?) Retrograde Urethrocystography.- b) Endoscopy.- 8. Treatment.- a) Simple Ureterocele.- b) Ectopic Ureterocele.- B. Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction.- 1. Definition and Description.- 2. Incidence.- 3. Causes.- a) Aberrant Renal Blood Vessels.- b) Adhesions and Kinks.- c) High Insertion of Ureter.- d) Stenosis.- e) Functional Disorders.- f) Vesicoureteral Reflux.- 4. Clinical Aspects.- a) Superimposed Intermittent Acute Obstruction.- b) Recurrent Pyelonephritis with Loin Pain.- c) Renal Calculi.- d) Hematuria.- e) Trauma.- f) Associated Hypertension.- 5. Diagnosis.- 6. Treatment.- C. Unusual Positions of the Ureter.- I. Retrocaval (Post-caval; Circumcaval) Ureter.- 1. Definition.- 2. Incidence.- 3. Embryology.- 4. Clinical Aspects.- a) Symptoms and Signs.- b) Diagnosis.- c) Treatment.- II. Retroiliac Ureter.- III. Herniation of the Ureter.- D. Agenesis, Aplasia, Blind Ending.- I. Agenesis.- II. Aplasia.- III. Blind Ending Ureters.- E. Congenital Dilatation of the Ureter.- I. With Obstruction.- 1. Congenital Ureteral Stricture.- 2. Distal Ureteral Atresia.- 3. Congenital Ureteral Valves (or Folds).- II. Without Obstruction.- F. Twists, Kinks, Congenital Diverticula, Blockage by Vessels.- I. Spiral Twist or Torsion of Ureter.- II. Ureteral Kinks.- III. Diverticulum of the Ureter.- IV. Blockage of the Ureter by Blood Vessels.- References.- Congenital Abnormalities of the Bladder.- A. Development of the Bladder.- I. The Cloaca.- II. The Genital Tubercle.- III. Separation of the Bladder from the Intestinal Tract.- IV. Formation of the Trigone.- V. Regression of the Allantoic Duct.- VI. Development of the Bladder Musculature.- VII. Fetal Descent of the Urinary Tract.- VIII. Summary of Important Early Developmental Events.- B. Congenital Abnormalities of the Bladder.- I. Agenesis of the Bladder.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Pathology.- 3. Treatment.- II. Urachal Abnormalities.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Pathology.- 3. Classification.- 4. Clinical features.- a) Congenital Patent Urachus.- b) Vesico-urachal Diverticulum.- c) Umbilical Cyst and Sinus.- d) Alternating Urachal Sinus.- 5. Treatment.- III. Duplication of the Bladder.- 1. Classification.- a) Complete Duplication.- b) Incomplete Duplication.- c) Sagittal Septum.- d) Frontal Septum.- e) Multiseptate Bladder.- f) Hourglass Bladder.- 2. Pathology.- 3. Clinical Features.- 4. Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- IV. Bladder Mucosal Redundancy (Trigonal Curtains).- 1. Clinical Features.- 2. Treatment.- V. Congenital Cyst of the Bladder.- 1. Clinical Features.- 2. Pathology.- 3. Diagnosis and Treatment.- VI. Congenital Bladder Diverticulum.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Etiology.- 3. Pathology.- 4. Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- VII. The Exstrophy-epispadias Complex.- 1. Pathology.- 2. Pseudo-exstrophy of the Bladder.- 3. Classical Exstrophy of the Bladder.- a) Pathology.- b) Anatomy.- c) Clinical Features.- d) Treatment.- ?) Urinary Diversion.- ?) Functional Closure of Exstrophy.- 4. Cloacal Exstrophy.- a) Pathology.- b) Anatomy and Clinical Features.- c) Treatment.- 5. Variants of Exstrophy.- a) Superior Vesical Fissure.- b) Duplicate Exstrophy.- c) Inferior Vesical Fissure.- d) Incomplete Cloacal Exstrophy.- 6. Epispadias.- a) Pathology.- b) Description.- ?) Balanic Type.- ?) Penile Type.- ?) Penopubic Type.- c) Clinical Features.- d) Treatment.- References.- Anomalies of the Bladder Neck.- Anomalies of the Bladder Neck.- Symptoms.- Diagnosis.- The Normal Bladder Neck.- Technique.- Cinefluorographic Appearance of Normal Bladder Outlets During Micturition.- Dilatation of the Urethra Distal to Wide Bladder Necks.- Bladder Neck Dysfunction.- Errors in Diagnosis and Management.- The Roentgen Appearance of the Normal Male Bladder Neck.- Bladder Neck Dysfunction in the Male.- Bladder Neck Dysfunction Accompanying Posterior Urethral Valves.- Summary.- References.- Anomalies of the Urethra.- I. Introduction.- II. Congenital Absence of the Urethra.- 1. Complete Absence of the Urethra.- 2. Obliteration at the Level of the Bladder Neck.- 3. Obliteration at the Level of the Membranous Urethra.- 4. Obliteration of the Penile Urethra.- III. Meatal Stenosis.- IV. Distal Urethral Stenosis.- V. Congenital Urethral Stricture.- VI. Congenital Valves of the Female Urethra.- VII. Congenital Hypertrophy of the Verumontanum.- VIII. Anterior Urethral Valves.- IX. Diverticula of the Anterior Urethra.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Etiology and Pathology.- 3. Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis.- 4. Treatment and Prognosis.- X. Double Urethra and Accessory Urethra.- 1. Complete Double Urethra.- 2. Incomplete Dorsal Accessory Urethra—blind.- 3. Incomplete Dorsal Accessory Urethra—Communicating with the Urethra.- 4. Incomplete Ventral Accessory Urethra—blind.- 5. Double Urethra in the Female.- XI. Posterior Urethral Valves.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Etiology and Pathology.- 3. Clinical Presentation.- 4. Diagnosis.- 5. Treatment.- 6. Prognosis.- References.- Anomalies of the Male Genitalia.- A. The Undescended Testicle.- I. Causes.- II. Associated Conditions.- III. Differential Diagnosis.- IV. Method of Examination.- V. Medical Treatment.- VI. Surgical Treatment.- 1. Indications.- 2. Surgical Anatomy.- 3. Surgical Principles.- 4. Technique.- 5. Special Situations.- 6. Other Methods.- 7. Results.- B. Other Abnormalities of the Testicle.- Anorchism and Hypoplasia.- C. Appendages of the Testicle, Epididymis and Cord.- D. Anomalies of the Tunics of the Testicle and Scrotum.- E. Epididymis.- F. Vas Deferens.- G. Prostate.- H. Seminal Vesicles.- References.- Hypospadias.- Embryology and Morphology.- Incidence.- Female Hypospadias.- Therapeutic Principles.- Techniques for Correction of Chordec.- Position of New Meatus.- Basic Types of Urethroplasty.- General Results.- Personal Experiences.- Complications.- References.- Anomalies of the Female Genitalia.- I. Anomalies of the Vulva and Vagina.- 1. Reduplication of the Vulva.- 2. Masculinization of the Vulva.- 3. Imperforate Hymen.- 4. Polyps of the Hymen.- 5. Transverse Vaginal Septum.- II. Anomalies of the Mullerian Ducts.- 1. Congenital Absence of the Vagina and Uterus.- 2. Maldevelopment of the Vagina and Uterus.- a) Obstructive Maldevelopment of the Vagina and Uterus.- b) Non-obstructive Maldevelopment of the Vagina and Uterus.- III. Anomalies of the Ovary.- 1. Congenital Absence of the Ovaries.- 2. Supernumerary Ovaries.- 3. Accessory Ovaries.- 4. Displaced Ovaries.- References.- The Intersex States.- I. Criteria of Sex.- 1. The Sex Chromatin and Sex Chromosomes.- 2. Gonadal Structure.- 3. Morphology of External Genitalia.- 4. Morphology of the Internal Genitalia.- 5. Hormonal Status.- 6. Gender Role.- II. The Definition and Classification of Hermaphroditism.- III. Ovarian Agenesis and Dysgenesis.- 1. The Pathology of Gonadal Agenesis.- 2. The Diagnosis in Newborn Infants.- 3. The Diagnosis in Adolescence.- 4. Endocrine Findings.- IV. True Hermaphroditism.- 1. General Considerations.- 2. Criteria for Diagnosis.- 3. Classification of True Hermaphroditism.- 4. Clinical Features.- 5. Sex Chromosome Complements.- 6. Principles of Treatment.- V. Klinefelter’s Syndrome.- 1. Clinical Characteristics.- 2. Laboratory Findings.- 3. Pathological and Cytogenetic Findings.- 4. Treatment.- VI. Double X Males.- VII. Multiple X Syndromes.- VIII. Female Hermaphroditism Due to Congential Adrenal Hyperplasia.- 1. Clinical Considerations.- 2. Adrenal Pathology.- 3. Ovary.- 4. Developmental Anomalies of the Genital Tubercle and Urogenital Sinus Derivatives.- 5. Hormonal Changes.- 6. Pathogenesis of Virilizing Adrenal Hyperplasia.- 7. Diagnosis.- 8. Treatment.- IX. Female Hermaphroditism without Progressive Masculinization.- 1. Classification.- 2. Maternal Ingestion of Androgen.- 3. Maternal Androgen Tumor.- 4. Idiopathic.- 5. Special or Non-Specific Female Hermaphroditism.- X. Male Hermaphroditism.- 1. General Considerations.- 2. Classification.- 3. Masculinizing Male Hermaphrodites.- 4. Asymmetrical Gonadal Differentiation.- 5. Feminizing Male Hermaphrodites (Testicular Feminization Syndrome).- 6. Sex Chromosomes in Male Hermaphroditism.- XI. Differential Diagnosis of Infants with Ambiguous Genitalia.- XII. The Treatment of Hermaphroditism.- 1. General Considerations.- 2. The Construction of Female External Genitalia.- References.- Author Index.
£40.49
