Developmental biology Books

Book SynopsisConnective tissue is a multicomponent, polyfunctional complex of cells and extracellular matrix that serves as a framework for all organs, combining to form a unified organism. It is a structure responsible for numerous vital functions such as tissueorgan integration, morphogenesis, homeostasis maintenance, biomechanical support, and more. The regeneration potential of connective tissue affects healing of damaged tissue and organs, while trauma, stress, and other factors that cause damage to connective tissue can lead to numerous disorders.Connective Tissue: Histophysiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology brings together crucial knowledge of mammalian connective tissue (including human) and its components, both cellular and noncellular, in one authoritative reference. The breadth and depth of information has fundamental scientific significance as well as applied relevance in clinical medicine. The first half of the book covers the structure, classification, biochemicTable of ContentsPeculiarities of Connective Tissue Histophysiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology. Cellular Elements of Connective Tissue. Extracellular Matrix of Connective Tissue: Biochemistry and Histophysiology. Regulation of Connective Tissue Metabolic Functions. Biochemical and Molecular Biological Mechanisms and Manifestations of Connective Tissue Ageing. Bone – An Organ of the Support and Locomotor Apparatus Containing All Types of Connective Tissue. Cartilage – Cartilaginous Tissue: Structural, Biochemical and Molecular Biological Characteristics. Bone Tissue: The Structural-Functional, Biochemical and Molecular Biological Characteristics of Its Components. Biochemical Characteristics of Synovial Membrane and Synovia. Molecular Biological and Biochemical Regularities of Connective Tissue Structures Ontogenesis. References. List Abbreviations.

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Book SynopsisThe Nature of Light and Its Interaction with Matter.- Principles and Nomenclature for the Quantification of Light.- Generation and Control of Light.- The Measurement of Light.- Light as a Tool for Biologists: Recent Developments.- Terrestrial Daylight.- Underwater Light.- Action Spectroscopy in Biology.- Spectral Tuning in Biology  I: Pigments.- Spectral Tuning in Biology  II: Structural Color.- Photoactive Proteins.- Molecules and Photochemical Reactions in Biological Light Perception and Regulation.- Photoreceptive Proteins and Their Evolution.- Signaling Crosstalk under the Control of Plant Photoreceptors.- The Diversity of Eye Optics.- The Evolution of Photosynthesis and Its Environmental Impact.- Photosynthetic Light Harvesting.- How Light Resets Circadian Clocks.- Photomorphogenesis and Photoperiodism in Plants.- The Light-Dependent Magnetic Compass.- Phototoxicity.- Ozone Depletion and the Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation.- Vitamin D: Photobiological and Ecological AspTrade Review“The book ‘Photobiology–the Science of Life and Light’ provides an excellent source of information to build upon or refresh one’s background knowledge of the physics of light with respect to its interaction in biological systems. … with the coverage of an enormous range of different topics, this book provides a comprehensive and entertaining introduction into the field of photobiology. Therefore, the book is perfectly suited for educational purpose as well.” (Torsten Jakob, Journal of Plant Physiology, Vol. 192, 2016)“This interesting and informative text, edited and largely written by Björn (emer., Lund Univ., Sweden), an expert in many aspects of the photobiology of plants … . The treatment of plants and animals is balanced, and useful comparisons and evolutionary relationships are discussed for photoreceptor molecules and processes. … Each topic gives sufficient background for non-experts to gain an appreciation of the subject matter. … Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through professionals/practitioners.” (L. C. Davis, Choice, Vol. 52 (12), August, 2015)Table of Contents1. The Nature of Light and Its Interaction with Matter Lars Olof Björn 2. Principles and Nomenclature for the Quantification of LightLars Olof Björn 3. Generation and Control of LightLars Olof Björn 4. The Measurement of LightLars Olof Björn5. Light as a Tool for Biologists: Recent DevelopmentsLars Olof Björn6. Terrestrial DaylightLars Olof Björn 7. Underwater LightCurtis D. Mobley 8. Action Spectroscopy in BiologyLars Olof Björn 9. Spectral Tuning in Biology I: PigmentsLars Olof Björn and Helen Ghiradella 10. Spectral Tuning in Biology II: Structural ColorHelen Ghiradella, Lars Olof Björn and Shuichi Kinoshita11. Photoactive ProteinsLars Olof Björn12. Molecules and Photochemical Reactions in Biological Light Perception and RegulationLars Olof Björn 13. Photoreceptive Proteins and Their EvolutionLars Olof Björn 14. Signaling Crosstalk under the Control of Plant PhotoreceptorsLei Jiang and Shaoshan Li15. The Diversity of Eye OpticsLars Olof Björn 16. The Evolution of Photosynthesis and Its Environmental ImpactLars Olof Björn and Govindjee 17. Photosynthetic Light HarvestingTihana Mirkovic and Gregory D. Scholes18. How Light Resets Circadian ClocksAnders Johnsson, Charlotte Helfrich-Förster and Wolfgang Engelmann 19. Photomorphogenesis and Photoperiodism in PlantsJames L. Weller 20. The Light-Dependent Magnetic CompassRachel Muheim and Miriam Liedvogel21. PhototoxicityLars Olof Björn and Pirjo Huovinen 22. Ozone Depletion and the Effects of Ultraviolet RadiationLars Olof Björn and Richard L. McKenzie 23. Vitamin D: Photobiological and Ecological Aspects Lars Olof Björn 24. The Photobiology of Human SkinMary Norval 25. Light-Promoted InfectionLars Olof Björn26. BioluminescenceLars Olof Björn and Helen Ghiradella 27. Role of Ultraviolet Radiation in the Origin of LifeLars Olof Björn, Shaoshan Li, Qiu Qiu and Yutao Wang28. Hints for Teaching Experiments and DemonstrationsLars Olof Björn 29. The Amateur Scientist’s SpectrophotometerLars Olof Björn

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Book SynopsisThe scope of the book is to highlight the diverse roles of cilia in human development and disease. Almost all cell types form cilia and although they were first detected about 200 years ago, their significance was unclear. In the past ten years, it has become obvious that cilia have got sensory functions, as well as roles in motility and their mis-formation or the deregulation of the signaling pathways they control has been associated with defective development and human disease. Although research has concentrated on the role of the cilium in each organ, no effort has been made so far to bring all this information together and relate it to the various human diseases. This book aims to gather all the expertise that has been acquired on primary cilia and translate it into a medical and research context that will be of interest to postgraduate students, researchers, medics and scientists.Table of ContentsCilia in the Brain – Development and Disease. Cilia in Lung Development and Disease. The Role of Cilia in Heart Development and Disease. Cilia in Kidney Development and Disease. The Role of Cilia in Pancreatic Development and Disease. The Role of Cilia in Skeletal Development and Disease. The Role of Cilia in Development and Disease of the Eye. The Role of Cilia in the Auditory System.

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Book SynopsisGap junction channels are a group of intercellular channels expressed in tissues and organs to synchronize many physiological processes. A gap junction channel is formed by the docking of two hemichannels, and each hemichannel is a hexamer of connexins. The field of gap junction channel and hemichannel research has recently exploded and became one of the most active areas of cell biology. Numerous novel approaches and techniques have been developed, but there is no single book dedicated to the unique techniques and protocols employed for the research on these large pore channels. This book fills the gap and focuses on protocols, approaches and reviews of gap junction channels and connexin hemichannels. It will be a useful reference for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and researchers. Anyone with an interest in gap junction channels and hemichannels will need this summary of state-of-the-art techniques and protocols.Table of ContentsGap junction channels. Bioinformatics analysis of connexin genes. Structural approaches on gap junction channels. Fluorescent label of connexins. Functional study of gap junction channel gating. Quantitative measurement of dye transfer. Permeability. Pharmacology of gap junction channels. Gap junction mimetic piptides. Gap junction hemichannels. Dye uptake and ATP release. Functional study of hemichannel current. Connexin purification and reconstitution in lipid bilayers. Hemichannel function in the ovary. Pannexin channels. Functional study pannexin channels. Pannexin channels in vasculature. Pharmacology of pannexin channels. Dye uptake and ATP release.

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Book SynopsisChapter One provides extensive knowledge about the second generation cephalosporin, cefaclor, which possesses antibacterial activity against aerobic Gram-positive microbes, and better coverage against Gram-negative microbes. Chapter Two gives an overview of microbial responses against chloramphenicol, with special focus on mechanisms of resistance. Chapter Three covers Cetirizine, an optimal second-generation antagonist of peripheral histamine H1 receptors. It is a drug well known for its long duration of activity, rapid onset of action, and minimal potential of drug interactions. Chapter Four outlines and discusses the changes in perforin expression in a human NK cell line exposed continuously to asbestos fibers, as well as that of CTLs freshly isolated from asbestos-exposed patients with pleural plaque or mesothelioma, and examines changes in these cells following in vitro stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. Chapter Five shows the peptide TNIIIA2 has an ability to hyper-stimulate PDGF-dependent proliferation of NIH3T3 cells by activating integrin alpha5/beta1. Chapter Six discusses the history of cholangiography, compares it to newer techniques, and explores the therapeutic options for abnormal findings. Chapter Seven considers the advantages and pitfalls of fluorescence cholangiography in open and laparoscopic hepatobiliary surgery. Chapter Eight reviews Prior ipsilateral thyroid surgery (PITS), which has habitually been considered a contraindication for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). The final chapter focuses on child abuse in a clinical context, and suggests that in all forms of child abuse, there should be a clear separation between clinical care of the child and forensic and criminal investigations.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses the major accomplishments made in elucidating vitellogenic events at the cellular, biochemical, and molecular biological levels. It is helpful for researchers and students interested in reproduction of invertebrates.Table of ContentsBiosynthesis of Insect Yolk Protein Precursors: M. Takeda and A.S. Raikhel; The Cell Biology of Insect Yolk Protein Precursors Yolk and the Secretory Pathway: A.S. Raikhel et al.; Regulation of Yolk Protein Genes by Ecdysone: A.S. Raikhel et al.; Regulation of Yolk Protein Genes in Higher Diptera: Mary Bownes; Juvenile Hormone and Vitellogenin Gene Expression: Xavier Belles; Regulation of Tissue-specificity of Yolk Protein Gene Expression: David Martin and A.S. Raikhel; Receptor-mediated Endocytosis and Internalization Pathways of Yolk Proteins in Insects Oocytes: E. Snigievskaya and A.S. Raikhel; Yolk Protein Receptors in Invertebrate Oocytes: A.S. Raikhel et al.; Lipid Accumulation in Oocytes: Rick van Antwerpen et al.; Non-Vitellin Yolk Proteins: H. Masuda and Pedro Oliviera; Yolk Degrading Proteases: S. Takhashi and Y. Yamamoto; Biochemical and Ultrastructural Aspects of Vitellin Utilization during Embryogenesis: Franco Giorgi and Jack Nordin

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with reproduction of Amphibians belonging to three extant orders: Caecilians, Salamanders, Frogs and Toads. Separate chapters have been written for males and females; the chapters describe gonad structure and development, gametogenesis, urogenital connections, and reproductive tracts. The authors have provided a synthesis of the literature data and results of their own studies. The text is illustrated with original schemes and photographs and focuses on anatomy, histology, cytology, and molecular mechanisms that regulate gametogenesis and reproductive cycles. The first chapter is devoted to the origin of somatic and germ cells during formation of undifferentiated gonads. The last chapter deals with embryonic and postembryonic development, direct development, neoteny, and modifications of gametogenesis and meiosis in hybrids and polyploids (hybridogenesis and gynogenesis). The book will interest all reproductive biologists and biologists working on amphibians. Table of ContentsThe Undifferentiated Amphibian Gonad: Formation of gonads in amphibians. Spermatogeneiss and Male Reproductive System in Amphibia. Anura: Structure of testis in Anura; Sperm collecting ducts and urogenital connections; Spermatogenesis in Anura; Regulation of spermatogenesis in Anura. Spermatogenesis and Male Reproductive System in Amphibia. Urodela: Structure of testis in Urodela; Urogenital connections; Spermatogenesis in Urodela. Spermatogenesis and Male Reproductive System in Amphibia. Gymnophiona: Introduction; Structure of testis in Gymnophiona; Urogenital connections; Spermatogenesis in Gymnophiona; Age of sexual maturity; Hormonal control of spermatogenesis. Oogenesis and Female Reproductive System in Amphibia. Anura: Structure of ovaries in Anura; Female reproductive tract; Oogenesis in Anura; Regulation of oogenesis in Anura. Oogenesis and Female Reproductive System in Amphibia. Urodela: Structure of ovary in Urodela; Female reproductive tract; Oogenesis; Postovulatory ovary; Atretic follicles. Oogenesis and Female Reproductive System in Amphibia. Gymnophiona: Structure of ovaries in Gymnophiona; Female reproductive tract in Gymnophiona; Oogenesis in Gymnophiona; Hormonal control of reproduction. Development and Reproduction of Amphibian: Species, Hybrids, and Polyploids: Early devlopment; Postembryonic development; Direct development; Reproduction of larvae (neoteny); Hybridization; Polyploidy; Reproduction of hybrids and allopolyploids; Hybridogenesis; Development and viability of hybrid progeny.

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Book SynopsisCrustaceans adapt to a wide variety of habitats and ways of life. They have a complex physiological structure particularly with regard to the processes of growth (molting), metabolic regulation, and reproduction. Crustaceans are ideal as model organisms for the study of endocrine disruption and stress physiology in aquatic invertebrates. This book is an overview of the extensive research that has taken place over the recent years on issues of crustacean reproduction.Table of ContentsAn Overview; Phylogeny Biology and Ecology of Crustaceans (Phylum Arthropoda; Subphylum Crustacea; Aspects in Population and Aquaculture Genetics in Crustaceans; Reproduction of Crustaceans in Relation to Fisheries; Mating Behaviour; Endocrine Control of Female Reproduction; Male Reproductive Hormones; Nutrition in Relation to Reproduction in Crustaceans; Coordination of Reproduction and Molt in Decapods; Reproductive Biology and Growth of Marine Lobsters; Male and Female Reproduction in Penaeid Shrimps; Reproduction and Growth of Decapod Crustaceans in Relation to Aquaculture; The Crustacean Nephrops norvegicus: Growth and Reproductive Behaviour; Implementation of Failure Mode & Effects Analysis (FMEA), Cause & Effect Diagram, HACCP and ISO 22000 to the Reproductive Cycle of Crustaceans in Cultured Conditions

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Book SynopsisIt is perhaps because fishes live in a buoyant medium, whether it be fresh or sea water, that they show a diversity in body shapes that is unparalleled by other vertebrates. There is also a unique diversity in the modes of reproduction, whether by external or internal fertilization, and this, with the morphology and fine structure of the reproductive system and its components, is the subject of the present volume. A large part of this book deals with the ultrastructure of spermatozoa, with some discussion of phylogenetic implications.Trade ReviewThis book is one of a number of volumes in a series entitled Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny that addresses a wide variety of taxonomic groups. One major feature of the book, as with others in the series, is the attention to phylogeny and classification as a framework for understanding reproductive biology … . Collectively, the contributions are authored by several internationally recognized researchers. … An enormous amount of information is compiled in this text. Without a doubt it will be an invaluable reference for a wide variety of biologists … .— David C. Heins, Tulane University, in The Quarterly Review of Biology, Volume 85, Number 2 Table of ContentsPhylogeny and Classification; The Ovary, Folliculogenesis, and Oogenesis in Teleosts; Modifications in Ovarian and Testicular Morphology Associated with Viviparity in Teleosts; The Testis and Spermatogenesis in Teleosts; Male Reproductive System: Spermatic Duct and Accessory Organs of the Testis; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa in Agnathans; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Euteleostomi (=Osteichthyes): Cladistia; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Chondrostei; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Neopterygii: Holostei through Osteoglossomorpha; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Elopomorpha and Clupeomorpha; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Ostariophysi; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Euteleostei: Argentiformes, Esociformes, Salmoniformes and Osmeriformes; Neoteleostei: Stenopterygii, Cyclosquamata, Scopelomorpha and Paracanthopterygii; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Acanthopterygii: Mugilomorpha and Atherinomorpha; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Acanthopterygii Continued: Percomorpha; Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa: Sarcopterygii; Sperm Modifications Related to Insemination, with Examples from the Ostariophysi

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Book SynopsisBiomaterials serve as synthetic or natural materials used to replace parts of living systems or to function contact with living tissue. Biomaterials are intended to interface with biological systems to evaluate, treat, augment or replace any tissue, organ or function of the body. A biomaterial is different from a biological material such as bone that is produced by a biological system. Artificial hips, vascular-stents, artificial peacemakers, and catheters are all made from different biomaterials and comprise different medical devices. This book presents new approaches to biomaterial development including multi-field bone remodelling, novel strategies for conferring antibacterial properties to bone cement, polyacrylonitrile-based biomaterials for enzyme immobilisation and functionalised magnetic nanoparticles for tissue engineering.

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Book SynopsisWhen used in the context of reproduction of living cells the phrase "cell growth" is shorthand for the idea of "growth in cell populations by means of cell reproduction." During cell reproduction one cell (the "mother" cell) divides to produce two daughter cells. Cell proliferation, which depends on the intimately linked processes of growth and division, is a fundamental systems-level attribute of all life forms. The precise regulation of proliferation in response to internal and external cues is critical for development, tissue renewal and evolutionary fitness, while the disregulation of cell proliferation underlies a variety of human diseases, most notably cancer and ageing. Historically, breakthroughs in our understanding of cell growth and division have derived from cross-fertilisation of results and ideas from researchers studying a wide range of model organisms, from yeast to humans. The basis for cell proliferation entails the control of key signalling and cell cycle regulators through transcriptional, translational, post-translational, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Indeed, many conceptual breakthroughs in cell regulation have derived from analyses of basic cell cycle mechanisms. This book presents the latest research in the field.

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Book SynopsisA cell cycle is an ordered and highly controlled set of events that leads to cell growth and proliferation. Cell cycle progression is driven by changes in the substrate specificity and subcellular localisation of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), which in turn are modulated by a collection of cyclins, Cdk-activating and Cdk-inhibiting kinases, and Cdk inhibitors (CDKIs). Regulation of the cell cycle is critical for the normal development of multicellular organisms and dysregulation of cell cycle could lead to cancer, a disease where normal cell growth and behaviour are lost. Cell cycle regulation is tightly controlled by both synthesis and degradation of short-lived proteins, such as cyclins and CDKIs, and degradation of these proteins is mainly mediated by the ubiquitin-dependent proteasome pathway. This book presents the latest research in the field from around the globe.

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Book SynopsisEven the most experienced instructor can find teaching cell biology daunting, and most cell biology texts are bogged down in detail or background information. Lost in all the details are the more fascinating material and contemporary advances that represent this rapidly moving field. With so much to cover, creating a classroom around active learning may be difficult or nearly impossible. The Cell: A Molecular Approach, Eighth Edition, endeavors to address those issues with succinct writing, incorporation of current research, a test bank that encourages critical thinking, and an active learning framework. With just enough detail for a one-semester, sophomore/junior level course, the text presents fundamental concepts and current research, including chapters on Genomics and Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics, and new in-text boxed features on Molecular Medicine and Key Experiments. Instructors will appreciate updates to the eighth edition test bank, such as raising the Bloom's level of questions overall, and giving instructors the ability to select questions based on level. Finally, for instructors who want to flip their classrooms or just get students more engaged, The Cell, Eighth Edition, is the only cell biology text that is accompanied by an Active Learning Guide. This chapter-by-chapter playbook shows instructors how to create a dynamic learning environment with in-class exercises, clicker questions, and links to relevant media, animations, testing, and self-quizzing, all aligned with the new in-text learning objectives, wherever appropriate. This text provides the right level of detail, student engagement, and instructor support for the modern cell biology classroom.Trade Review"I like the level of detail, modularity, resources and questions, and supplementary materials. I think the students like the clarity that the book provides. It is taught on a good level for undergraduates, especially those interested in medicine (teaching to the level of detail in the MCATs is always a good idea in my course)." -Nathan Jebbett, University of Vermont "I have not been able to find any other textbook that provides the key essential information related to this complex scientific area with the simplicity and depth provided in this textbook." -Germán Rosas-Acosta, The University of Texas at El Paso "This textbook is not too advanced for the medical students. Other textbooks (such as The Cell by Alberts) are more appropriate for PhD-level students with more details, but The Cell is a good, solid textbook for students in healthcare professions, with the 'right' amount of details." -Nancy Bae, Midwestern University "A formidable text on the molecular aspects of biology, biochemistry, cell function and regulation." -Floyd C. Knoop, Creighton UniversityTable of ContentsPart I: Fundamentals and FoundationsChapter 1. Introduction to Cells and Cell ResearchChapter 2. Molecules and MembranesChapter 3. Bioenergetics and MetabolismChapter 4. Fundamentals of Molecular BiologyChapter 5. Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems BiologyPart II: The Flow of Genetic InformationChapter 6. Genes and GenomesChapter 7. Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic DNAChapter 8. RNA Synthesis and ProcessingChapter 9. Transcriptional Regulation and EpigeneticsChapter 10. Protein Synthesis, Processing, and RegulationPart III: Cell Structure and FunctionChapter 11. The NucleusChapter 12. Protein Sorting and TransportChapter 13. Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and PeroxisomesChapter 14. The Cytoskeleton and Cell MovementChapter 15. The Plasma MembraneChapter 16. Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell InteractionsPart IV: Cell RegulationChapter 17. Cell SignalingChapter 18. The Cell CycleChapter 19. Cell Renewal and Cell DeathChapter 20. Cancer

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Book SynopsisThoroughly updated, streamlined, and enhanced with pedagogical features, the twelfth edition of Barresi and Gilbert's Developmental Biology engages students and empowers instructors to effectively teach both the stable principles and the newest front-page research of this vast, complex, and multi-disciplinary field. This much loved, well-illustrated, and remarkably well written textbook invigorates the classical insights of embryology with cutting edge material, and makes the most complex topics understandable to a new generation of students. Designed with the undergraduate student in mind, this new, streamlined edition now contains studies of plant development, expanded coverage of regeneration, over a hundred new and revised illustrations, and deeply integrated active learning resources that build on the text's enthusiasm and accuracy. This is a text designed to make students become excited about how animals and plants develop their complex bodies from simple origins. The new edition makes it easier to customize one's developmental biology course to the needs and interests of today's students, integrating the printed book with electronic interviews, videos, and tutorials. Michael J. F. Barresi brings his creativity and expertise as a teacher and as an artist of computer-mediated learning to the book, allowing the professor to use both standard and alternative ways of teaching animal and plant development.Trade ReviewAlways a firm favourite, this has since last year become my textbook of choice. I have found the digital resources associated with this book extremely helpful, and have made grateful use of the teaching ideas that the authors have shared. * Dr Casper J. Breuker, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University *Development Biology is a very readable, balanced, and thorough introduction covering all the most important aspects of this fascinating field. This is an excellent textbook for introducing beginners, advanced students, and even experts from other fields to the beauty and complexity of developmental and regenerative biology. * Michael Levin, Tufts University *This is the definitive developmental biology textbook - a real classic that has been updated to include newly-understood concepts from fast-moving fields. It is inspiring to students to see how quickly the entire field of developmental biology has been transformed into a molecular science. * Jessica LaMae Whited, Harvard University *This book is the gold standard in developmental biology. The many micrographs and its comprehensiveness make it an indispensible resource for serious students in the field. * Jeff Hardin, University of Wisconsin-Madison *Table of ContentsPART I. PATTERNS AND PROCESSES OF BECOMING: A FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT Chapter 1. Making New Bodies: Mechanisms of Developmental Organization Chapter 2. Specifying Identity: Mechanisms of Developmental Patterning Chapter 3. Differential Gene Expression: Mechanisms of Cell Differentiation Chapter 4. Cell-to-Cell Communication: Mechanisms of Morphogenesis Chapter 5. Stem Cells: Their Potential and Their Niches PART II. GAMETOGENESIS AND FERTILIZATION: THE CIRCLE OF SEX Chapter 6. Sex Determination and Gametogenesis Chapter 7. Fertilization: Beginning a New Organism PART III. EARLY DEVELOPMENT: CLEAVAGE, GASTRULATION, AND AXIS FORMATION Chapter 8. Rapid Specification in Snails and Nematodes Chapter 9. The Genetics of Axis Specification in Drosophila Chapter 10. Sea Urchins and Tunicates: Deuterostome Invertebrates Chapter 11. Amphibians and Fish Chapter 12. Birds and Mammals PART IV. BUILDING WITH ECTODERM: THE VERTEBRATE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND EPIDERMIS Chapter 13. Neural Tube Formation and Patterning Chapter 14. Brain Growth Chapter 15. Neural Crest Cells and Axonal Specificity Chapter 16. Ectodermal Placodes and the Epidermis PART V. BUILDING WITH MESODERM AND ENDODERM: ORGANOGENESIS Chapter 17. Paraxial Mesoderm: The Somites and Their Derivatives Chapter 18. Intermediate and Lateral Plate Mesoderm: Heart, Blood, and Kidneys Chapter 19. Development of the Tetrapod Limb Chapter 20. The Endoderm: Tubes and Organs for Digestion and Respiration PART VI. POSTEMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT Chapter 21. Metamorphosis: The Hormonal Reactivation of Development Chapter 22. Regeneration PART VII. DEVELOPMENT IN WIDER CONTEXTS Chapter 23. Development in Health and Disease: Birth, Defects, Endocrine Disruptors, and Cancer Chapter 24. Development and the Environment: Biotic, Abiotic, and Symbiotic Regulation of Development Chapter 25. Development and Evolution: Developmental Mechanisms of Evolutionary Change Glossary Author Index Subject Index

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Book SynopsisDefined as, “The science about the development of an embryo from the fertilization of the ovum to the fetus stage,” embryology has been a mainstay at universities throughout the world for many years. Throughout the last century, embryology became overshadowed by experimental-based genetics and cell biology, transforming the field into developmental biology, which replaced embryology in Biology departments in many universities. Major contributions in this young century in the fields of molecular biology, biochemistry and genomics were integrated with both embryology and developmental biology to provide an understanding of the molecular portrait of a “development cell.” That new integrated approach is known as stem-cell biology; it is an understanding of the embryology and development together at the molecular level using engineering, imaging and cell culture principles, and it is at the heart of this seminal book. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine: From Molecular Embryology to Tissue Engineering is completely devoted to the basic developmental, cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells as well as their clinical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It focuses on the basic biology of embryonic and cancer cells plus their key involvement in self-renewal, muscle repair, epigenetic processes, and therapeutic applications. In addition, it covers other key relevant topics such as nuclear reprogramming induced pluripotency and stem cell culture techniques using novel biomaterials. A thorough introduction to stem-cell biology, this reference is aimed at graduate students, post-docs, and professors as well as executives and scientists in biotech and pharmaceutical companies.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“The Introduction by the two editors is clearly telling the aim of such a bible, to cover from the basic aspects of molecular embriology dealing with the stemness cellular capacity … till the new challenging opportunities of tissue engineering. I think the price of the book (€ 170) is worthy enough for what the reader will get. … a book with all the figures in colour, this is a great help while looking at cytology, histology or entangled graphs!” (Carlo Alberto Redi, European Journal of Histochemistry, Vol. 55, 2011)Table of ContentsSection 1: Stem Cell Biology.- Introduction to Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine.- Embryonic Stem Cells: Discovery, Development, and Current Trends.- Bmi1 in self-renewal and homeostasis of pancreas.- Cancer Stem Cells in Solid Tumors.- Adipose-derived stem cells and skeletal muscle repair.- Regeneration of sensory cells of adult mammalian inner ear.- Stem Cells and Their Use in Skeletal Tissue Repair.- Section 2: Epigenetic and microRNA Regulation in Stem Cells.- Epigenetic identity in cancer stem cells.- Function of MicroRNA-145 in Human Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency.- Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Liver Regeneration.- Section 3: Stem Cells for Therapeutic Applications.- The Role of Time-Lapse Microscopy in Stem Cell Research and Therapy.- Therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stem/multipotent stromal cells.- Gastrointestinal stem cells.- Lung epithelial stem cells.- Placental Derived Stem Cells, Potential Clinical Applications.- Bone Marrow Cell Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Clinical Trial Review.- Stem cell Transplantation to the Heart.- Adult Neural Progenitor Cells and Cell Replacement Therapy for Huntington’s Disease.- Migration of Transplanted Neural Stem Cells in Experimental Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases.- Prospects for neural stem cell therapy of Alzheimer’s disease.- Section 4: Nuclear Reprogramming and induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.- Nuclear transfer ES cells as a new tool for basic biology.- Pluripotent stem cells in reproductive medicine: Formation of the human germ line in vitro.- Prospects for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes.- Keratinocyte induced pluripotent stem cells: from hair to where?.- Generation and Characterization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Pig.- Induced pluripotent stem cells, on the road toward clinical applications.- Direct reprogramming of human neural stem cells by the single transcription factor Oct 4.- Section 5: Tissue Engineering.- Stem cells and biomaterials: the tissue engineering approach.- Micro-technology for stem cell culture.- Using Lab-on-A-Chip Technologies for Stem cell Biology.- The Development of Small Molecules and Growth Supplements to Control the Differentiation of Stem Cells and the Formation of Neural Tissues.- Long-term propagation of neural stem cells: Focus on 3D culture systems and mitogenic factors.- Section 6: Regenerative Medicine.- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine in Urology.- Muscle derived stem cells: a model for stem cell therapy in regenerative medicine.- Regenerative strategies for cardiac disease.- Collecting, Processing, Banking and Use of Cord Blood Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine.

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Book SynopsisThis continuing series gathers and presents original research results on the leading edge of medicine and biology. Each article has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial topical data across a broad spectrum. Topics discussed include antimicrobial lipids as food sanitisers; melatonin as a therapeutic resource for uveitis treatment; traumatic diaphragmatic rupture; qualification and quantification of pre-implantation embryo health; infection control in endodontics; application of egg yolk immunoglobin (IgY) to gastrointestinal diseases; cachexia, obesity and lipoprotein lipase; side effects related to prednisone in randomised clinical trials; endurance exercise without diet modification; exercise and calorie intake research; the pathophysiology and management of cardiorenal syndrome; and assessing the effects of vaccination, case findings, and educational campaigns on controlling the cholera epidemic.

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Book SynopsisThis continuing series gathers and presents original research results on the leading edge of medicine and biology. Each article has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial topical data across a broad spectrum. Topics discussed include the properties, biosynthesis and health implications of sucrose; colonisation of oral and dental tissues by uncommon bacteria; use of chlorhexidine as an adjunct therapy in oral candidal infection; biofilms and otitis media; risk factors for systemic conditions in periodontal disease; fentanyl use from analgesia to hyperalgesia; post laryngectomy voice rehabilitation and gastroesophageal reflux; acute otitis media in developing countries; long-term follow-up care of patients treated for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR); non-acid gastroesophageal reflux and respiratory disorders in children; and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the area of donostialdea diagnosed by telemedicine.

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Book SynopsisThis volume investigates how the mitochondrial genome is transmitted, segregated, and inherited. It starts by describing mtDNA mutations and deletions and how these impact on the offspring’s well-being. It progresses to discuss how mutations to the mtDNA-nuclear-encoded transcription, replication and translational factors lead to mtDNA-depletion syndromes and how these affect cellular function and lead to the pathology of human mitochondrial disease. It also highlights the importance of the mitochondrial assembly factors and how mutations to these can lead to mitochondrial disease. The reader is then introduced to how mtDNA is transmitted through the oocyte and how stem cells can be used to study mitochondrial biogenesis and mtDNA replication and transcription in undifferentiated pluripotent and differentiating cells and how mitochondria adapt during this process. It then discusses how diseases like cancer are initiated and regulated by mutations to mitochondrial DNA and dysfunctional mitochondria. Finally, it draws on assisted reproductive technologies to discuss how some of these approaches might be adapted to prevent the transmission of mutant and deleted mtDNA from one generation to the next.Table of ContentsClinical Approach to the Diagnosis of Mitochondrial Disease.- Mitochondrial DNA Mutations and Their Effects on Complex I Biogenesis: Implications for Metabolic Disease.- Embryonic Stem Cells: A Signalling Perspective.- From Oocytes and Pluripotent Stem Cells to Fully Differentiated Fates: (Also) A Mitochondrial Odyssey.- From Pluripotency to Differentiation: The Role of mtDNA in Stem Cell Models of Mitochondrial Diseases.- The Role of Mitochondrial DNA in Tumor Cells.- Assisted Reproductive Technologies to Prevent the Transmission of mtDNA from one Generation to the Next.

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Book SynopsisResearch into the field of stem cell biology has developed exponentially over recent years, and is beginning to offer significant promise for unravelling the molecular basis of a multitude of disease states. Importantly, in addition to offering the opportunity to delve deeply into the mechanisms that drive disease aetiology the research is realistically opening the doors for development of targeted and personalized therapeutic applications that many considered, until recently, to be nothing more that a far fetched dream. This volume provides a timely glimpse into the methods that have been developed to instigate, and the mechanisms that have been identified to drive, the process of nuclear reprogramming, chronicling how the field has developed over the last 50-60 years. Since the early 1950s a small number of notable experiments have provided significant impetus to the field, primarily the demonstration of reprogramming ability, first by the complex cytoplasmic milieu that constitutes the amphibian egg, then that of the mammalian egg, and finally that of the mammalian embryonic stem cell. Most recently, the demonstration that a limited pool of defined molecules is capable of reprogramming a multitude of cell types has provided massive impetus and facilitated transition towards realistic therapeutic application. We have therefore reproduced some of the key articles that elegantly document these dramatic stages of development of the field in an inclusive appendix to the book, for the benefit of readers keen to investigate the history of how the field of stem cell biology has evolved. Owing to the ever broadening nature of this field, and the incredible rate at which it is evolving, the main content of this volume focuses on areas that have shown significant movement in recent years, are most likely to translate into personalized therapeutic application, and thus provide greatest potential for significant impact on human health in the not too distant future. We recognize that research into many other disease states and cell types are all equally worthy of discussion. We would therefore like to acknowledge those researchers involved whose work we have not been able to include in this volume. Nuclear Reprogramming and Stem Cells will serve as a valuable resource for all researchers in the field of stem cell biology, including those just setting out on their career path as well as those already established in the field.Table of ContentsIntroduction by John Gurdon and Azim Surani.- Introduction by Ian Wilmut.- Inherent Nuclear Reprogramming in Mammalian Embryos.- Epigenetic Reprogramming During Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer and the Development of Primordial Germ Cells.- Epigenetic Reprogramming with Oocyte Molecules.- Cell Fusion-Mediated Nuclear Reprogramming of Somatic Cells.- Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Somatic Cells.- The Consequences of Reprogramming a Somatic Cell for Mitochondrial DNA Transmission, Inheritance and Replication.- The Function of Nanog in Pluripotency.- The Function of Oct3/4 and Sox2 in Pluripotency.- Generation of Neural Cells from Pluripotent Stem Cells.- Non-Cell Autonomous Reprogramming Towards a Pluripotent State.- Towards Regeneration of Retinal Function Using Pluripotent Stem Cells.- Reprogramming Towards Pancreatic beta-Cells.- Pancreatic Plasticity and Reprogramming – Novel Directions Towards Disease Therapy.- Phenotype and Developmental Potential of Cardiomyocytes from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells.- The Generation of Disease Specific Cell Lines and Their Use for Developing Drug Therapies.- Advances in the Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells.- Culture adaptation of pluripotent stem cells: challenges and opportunities.- Epilogue.

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