Clinical and internal medicine Books
Oxford University Press Oxford Assess and Progress Clinical Specialties
Book SynopsisMaximise your exam success with this unique revision guide on core clinical specialties.The fourth edition of Oxford Assess and Progress: Clinical Specialties features over 400 Single Best Answer questions that are mapped to the medical school curricula. Packed with questions written by experienced doctors in each specialty, and rooted in real-life clinical encounters, this revision tool is an authoritative guide for students. Further reading resources and cross-references to the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Specialties have been fully updated to expand your revision further on topics you find challenging.Table of Contents1: Obstetrics 2: Gynaecology and genitourinary medicine 3: Paediatrics 4: Ophthalmology 5: ENT 6: Dermatology 7: Orthopaedics 8: Trauma 9: Emergency medicine 10: Pre-hospital emergency medicine 11: Anaesthesia and intensive care 12: Psychiatry 13: General practice 14: Eponymous syndromes
£23.99
Elsevier - Health Sciences Division Jekels Epidemiology Biostatistics Preventive
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSection 1 - Epidemiology 1. Basic Epidemiologic Concepts and Principles 2. Epidemiological Data Measurements 3. Epidemiologic Surveillance and Epidemic Outbreak Investigation 4. The Study of Risk Factors and Causation 5. Common Research Designs and Issues in Epidemiology 6. Assessment of Risk and Benefit in Epidemiologic Studies 7. Understanding the Quality of Medical Data Section 2 - Biostatistics 8. Describing Variation and Distribution of Data 9. Testing Hypotheses 10. Analyzing Relationships between Two Variables 11. Analyzing Relationships Between Multiple Variables 12. Using Statistics to Design Studies: Sample Size Calculation, Randomization, and Controlling for Multiple Hypotheses 13. Using Statistics to Answer Clinical Questions: Meta-analysis, Bayes Theorem and Predictive Values of Tests, and Decision Analysis Section 3 - Preventive Medicine 14. Introduction to Preventive Medicine 15. Methods of Primary Prevention: Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 16. Principles and Practice of Secondary Prevention 17. Methods of Tertiary Prevention 18. Developing Recommendations for Clinical Preventive Services 19. Chronic Disease Prevention 20. Prevention of Infectious Diseases 21. Prevention of Mental Health and Behavior Problems 22. Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 23. Injury Prevention Section 4 - Public Health 24. Introduction to Public Health 25. The US Public Health System: Structure and Function 26. Improving Public Health in Communities 27. Disaster Epidemiology and Surveillance 28. Health Services Organization, Financing, and Quality Improvement 29. Health Care Organization, Policy, and Financing 30. Integrating Efforts for Clinical Care, Research, and Public Health Action - One Science, One Planet, One Health
£45.59
Elsevier Health Sciences Medicine in a Day 2 Case Presentations
Book Synopsis
£33.24
Elsevier Health Sciences 160 ECG Cases
Book Synopsis
£25.64
Taylor & Francis Ltd Ward Milledge and Westâs High Altitude Medicine
Book SynopsisThis pre-eminent work has developed over six editions in response to man's attempts to climb higher and higher unaided, and to spend more time at altitude for both work and recreation. Building on this established reputation, the new and highly experienced authors provide a fully revised and updated text that will help doctors continue to improve the health and safety of all people who visit, live or work in the cold, thin air of high mountains.The sixth edition remains invaluable for any doctor accompanying an expedition or advising patients on a visit to altitude, those specialising in illness and accidents in high places, and for physicians and physiologists who study our dependence on oxygen and the adaptation of the body to altitude.Table of ContentsForeword. Acknowledgments. History of high altitude medicine and physiology. THE ENVIRONMENT AND ITS PEOPLE . The atmosphere. Geography. High altitude residents. Travelers and workers at high altitude. Genetics and genomics of exposure to high altitude. PHYSIOLOGIC RESPONSES TO HYPOXIA. Acclimatization. Pulmonary gas exchange. Control of breathing. Oxygen affinity and acid–base balance. Cardiovascular system. Central nervous system. Hematologic responses. Peripheral tissues. Energy balance and metabolism. Endocrine and metabolism. Sleep. Exercise. Physiology of extreme altitude. CLINICAL HIGH ALTITUDE MEDICINE. Acute mountain sickness. High altitude cerebral edema. High altitude pulmonary edema. Other medical conditions that occur at high altitude. Chronic altitude illness. High altitude travel with preexisting medical conditions. Children, the elderly, and women at high altitude. Other environmental illnesses in the mountains. Index.
£142.50
Elsevier Health Sciences Rheumatology Secrets
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£39.99
Elsevier Health Sciences Crash Course Medical Ethics and Medical Law
Book Synopsis
£34.84
Elsevier Health Sciences Braunwalds Heart Disease 2 Vol Set
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£217.79
Elsevier Health Sciences Crash Course 1000 SBAs for Finals and the MLA
Book Synopsis
£31.34
Elsevier Health Sciences Inpatient Quality Improvement and Patient Safety
Book Synopsis
£68.39
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Medical Biochemistry at a Glance
Book SynopsisMedical Biochemistry at a Glance is a concise, illustrated summary of biochemistry and its relevance to clinical medicine. It is intended for students of medicine and the biomedical sciences such as nutrition, biochemistry, sports science, medical laboratory sciences, physiotherapy, pharmacy, physiology, pharmacology and veterinary science.Trade ReviewI have taught biochemistry to medical students and to undergraduates and graduate students, at both Temple University School of Medicine and at Case Western Reserve University, since 1968, so that I have had a great deal of experience in the field and have a feel for what works well for medical students. Medical Biochemistry at a Glance would be an excellent book for USMLE Step 1. In my experience, medical students (and pre-medical students) would greatly benefit from reading it in preparation for the exam. This compares very well with Lippincott’s Biochemistry - this has the right price and approach to compete with Lippincott for a less expensive and more accessible alternative to the larger text books that are out there. I like the way it combines the metabolic pathways and principles in such a creative fashion, and the metabolism sections are among the best I have read and the easiest to understand. Metabolism is a very complicated subject and, in my experience, most teachers of the subject would really benefit from your text. (Richard W. Hanson, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine)Table of ContentsPreface to the third edition 7 Acknowledgements to the third edition 7 Figure key 8 SI/mass unit conversions 9 Part 1 Acids, bases and pH 1 Acids, bases and hydrogen ions (protons) 10 2 Understanding pH 12 3 Production and removal of protons into and from the blood 14 4 Metabolic alkalosis and metabolic acidosis 16 5 Respiratory alkalosis and respiratory acidosis 18 Part 2 Structure of amino acids and proteins 6 Amino acids and the primary structure of proteins 20 7 Secondary structure of proteins 22 8 Tertiary and quaternary structure and collagen 24 Part 3 Formation of ATP: oxidation and reduction reactions 9 Oxidation/reduction reactions, coenzymes and prosthetic groups 26 10 Anaerobic production of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation, from phosphocreatine and by the adenylate kinase (myokinase) reaction 28 11 Aerobic production of ATP 30 12 Biosynthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation I 32 13 Biosynthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation II 34 14 What happens when protons or electrons leak from the respiratory chain? 36 15 Free radicals, reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage 38 16 Aerobic oxidation of glucose to provide energy as ATP 40 17 Anaerobic oxidation of glucose by glycolysis to form ATP and lactate 42 18 Anaerobic glycolysis in red blood cells, 2,3-BPG (2,3-DPG) and the Bohr effect 44 Part 4 Carbohydrates 19 Carbohydrates 46 20 Absorption of carbohydrates and metabolism of galactose 48 21 Fate of glucose in liver: glycogenesis and lipogenesis 50 22 Fructose metabolism 52 23 Glucose homeostasis 54 24 Glucose-stimulated secretion of insulin from β-cells 56 25 Regulation of glycogen metabolism 58 26 Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) and glycogen storage diseases 60 27 Insulin signal transduction and diabetes mellitus 62 28 Diabetes mellitus 64 29 Alcohol metabolism: hypoglycaemia, hyperlactataemia and steatosis 66 Part 5 Enzymes and regulation of pathways 30 Enzymes: nomenclature, kinetics and inhibitors 68 31 Regulation of enzyme activity 70 32 Regulation of glycolysis and Krebs cycle 72 33 Oxidation of fatty acids to produce ATP in muscle and ketone bodies in liver 74 34 Regulation of lipolysis, β-oxidation, ketogenesis and gluconeogenesis 76 Part 6 Lipids and lipid metabolism 35 Structure of lipids 78 36 Phospholipids I: phospholipids and sphingolipids 80 37 Phospholipids II: micelles, liposomes, lipoproteins and membranes 82 38 Metabolism of carbohydrate to cholesterol 84 39 VLDL and LDL metabolism I: “forward” cholesterol transport 86 40 VLDL and LDL metabolism II: endogenous triacylglycerol transport 88 41 HDL metabolism: “reverse” cholesterol transport 90 42 Absorption and disposal of dietary triacylglycerols and cholesterol by chylomicrons 92 43 Steroid hormones: aldosterone, cortisol, androgens and oestrogens 94 Part 7 Metabolism of amino acids and porphyrins 44 Urea cycle and overview of amino acid catabolism 96 45 Non-essential and essential amino acids 98 46 Amino acid metabolism: to energy as ATP; to glucose and ketone bodies 100 47 Amino acid disorders: maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, cystinuria, alkaptonuria and albinism 102 48 Phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism in health and disease 104 49 Products of tryptophan and histidine metabolism 106 50 Haem, bilirubin and porphyria 108 Part 8 Vitamins 51 Fat-soluble vitamins I: vitamins A and D 110 52 Fat-soluble vitamins II: vitamins E and K 112 53 Water-soluble vitamins I: thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and pantothenate 114 54 Water-soluble vitamins II: pyridoxal phosphate (B6) 116 55 Water-soluble vitamins III: folate and vitamin B12 118 56 Water-soluble vitamins IV: biotin and vitamin C 120 Part 9 Molecular biology 57 The cell cycle 122 58 Pyrimidine metabolism 124 59 Purine metabolism 126 60 Structure of DNA 128 61 The “central dogma” of molecular biology 130 62 Organisation of DNA in chromosomes 132 63 Replication of DNA (part 1) 134 64 Replication of DNA (part 2) 136 65 DNA damage and repair 138 66 Transcription of DNA to make messenger RNA (part 1) 140 67 Transcription of DNA to make messenger RNA (part 2) 142 68 Transcription of DNA to make transfer RNA 144 69 Transcription of DNA to make ribosomal RNA 146 70 Translation and protein synthesis 148 71 Comparison of DNA replication, DNA transcription and protein synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes 150 Part 10 Diagnostic clinical biochemistry 72 Diagnostic clinical biochemistry (with Dr J. W. Wright FRCP, MRCPath) 152 Index 154
£31.30
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Rheumatology Orthopaedics and Trauma at a Glance
Book SynopsisRheumatology, Orthopaedics and Trauma at a Glance is the new edition of The Musculoskeletal System at a Glance. The book now includes not just basic anatomy, but also features presenting complaints and patient examination and reflects the increased coverage of rheumatology, making it relevant for students at all levels. Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Trauma at a Glance Expands its coverage of rheumatology to include all major topics on the medical student curriculum Includes fully illustrated chapters on examination of each part of the musculoskeletal system Provides self-assessment case studies to test knowledge and provide clinical context Consolidates all information relating to the musculoskeletal system in one title Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Trauma at a Glance is ideal for all medical students studying the musculoskeletal system or taking an orthopaedics or rheumatology rotation.Table of ContentsPreface 6 Guide to anatomical terminology 7 Section 1 Introduction 1 Musculoskeletal structure and function 8 2 Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism 10 3 History and examination – an overview 12 4 Imaging 14 Section 2 The arm 5 Anatomy of the arm 16 6 History and examination of the arm 19 7 Problems presenting in the arm 22 8 Upper arm trauma 24 9 Lower arm trauma 26 Section 3 The spine 10 Anatomy of the spine 28 11 History and examination of the spine 30 12 Problems presenting in the spine 32 13 Trauma of the spine 34 Section 4 The leg 14 Anatomy of the leg 36 15 History and examination of the leg 38 16 Problems presenting in the hip 40 17 Joint replacement 42 18 Problems presenting in the lower leg 44 19 Upper leg trauma 46 20 Lower leg trauma 48 Section 5 Rheumatology 21 Rheumatological history and examination 50 22 Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis 52 23 Rheumatoid arthritis 54 24 Systemic lupus erythematosus 57 25 Ankylosing spondylitis 60 26 The spondyloarthropathies 62 27 Acute joint disease 64 28 Infection and malignancy 66 29 Fibromyalgia 68 30 Osteoporosis 70 31 Disorders of bone metabolism 72 32 Vasculitis 1: Giant cell arteritis 74 33 Vasculitis 2: Medium and small vessel vasculitis 76 34 Scleroderma 78 35 Inflammatory muscle diseases 80 36 The medical management of inflammatory disease 82 37 Rehabilitation 84 Section 6 Orthopaedics 38 Orthopaedics in children 86 39 Sports medicine 88 40 Neurological disorders and orthotics 90 41 Orthopaedics in the elderly 92 Section 7 Trauma 42 Initial management of the polytraumatised patient 94 43 Wound management 96 44 Plastic surgery 97 45 Burns 98 46 Peripheral and spinal nerve injuries 100 47 Head injuries 102 48 Fractures and dislocations 104 49 Compartment syndrome 106 Self-assessment case studies: questions 108 Self-assessment case studies: answers 110 Index 113
£30.35
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Tropical Medicine
Book SynopsisThis new edition, providing a comprehensive introduction to the study of tropical medicine, has been thoroughly revised and updated to include new content, further illustrations and clinical photographs to aid understanding.Trade Review“This is a comprehensive review of many tropical diseases, appropriately updated from the previous edition, that accomplishes its educational purpose by presenting material in a way that makes learning uncomplicated and enhancing it with online materials and multiple-choice questions.” (Doody’s, 9 January 2015) Table of ContentsContributors vii Preface ix List of Abbreviations x New Drug Names xiii How to use your textbook xiv About the companion website xvii Part 1 A general approach to syndromes/symptom complexes 1 1 Gastrointestinal presentations 3 2 Respiratory presentations 11 3 Neurological presentations 16 4 Febrile presentations 24 5 Dermatological presentations 29 6 The patient with anaemia 33 7 A syndromic approach to sexually transmitted infections 38 8 Splenomegaly in the tropics 47 Part 2 Major tropical infections 51 9 Malaria 53 10 Visceral leishmaniasis 70 11 Cutaneous leishmaniasis 77 12 Tuberculosis 82 13 HIV infection and disease in the tropics 96 14 Onchocerciasis filariasis and loiasis 126 15 African trypanosomiasis 141 16 South American trypanosomiasis (Chagas’ disease) 148 17 Schistosomiasis 151 18 Leprosy 163 Part 3 Other tropical diseases 175 19 Amoebiasis 177 20 Bacillary dysentery 183 21 Cholera 186 22 Giardiasis and other intestinal protozoal infections 190 23 Intestinal cestode infections (tapeworms) including cysticercosis 195 24 Soil-transmitted helminths 199 25 Viral hepatitis 205 26 Liver and intestinal flukes 214 27 Hydatid disease 218 28 Pneumonia 222 29 Lung flukes 229 30 Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia 231 31 Pyogenic meningitis 233 32 Cryptococcal meningitis 241 33 Encephalitis 243 34 Acute flaccid paralysis 248 35 Spastic paralysis 251 36 Rabies 254 37 Tetanus 259 38 Brucellosis 262 39 Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers 267 40 Arboviruses 273 41 Viral haemorrhagic fevers 276 42 Dengue and yellow fever 283 43 Relapsing fevers 289 44 Rickettsial infections 292 45 Leptospirosis 294 46 Melioidosis 297 47 Tropical ulcer 299 48 Buruli ulcer 301 49 Myiasis 305 50 Cutaneous larva migrans 307 51 Scabies and lice 309 52 Strongyloidiasis 311 53 Guinea worm infection (dracunculiasis) 315 54 Histoplasmosis 317 55 Other fungal infections 319 56 Haemoglobinopathies and red cell enzymopathies 321 57 Haematinic deficiencies 326 58 Bites and stings 330 59 Non-communicable diseases 334 60 Refugee health 351 61 Syndromes of malnutrition 358 62 Eye disease in the tropics 364 63 Neglected tropical diseases 372 Index 381
£29.40
John Wiley & Sons Inc ABC of Ear Nose and Throat
Book SynopsisABC of Ear, Nose and Throat is a long established best-selling guide to the management of common conditions of the Ears, Nose and Throat.Table of ContentsContributors, vii Preface, ix 1 Examination of the Ear, Nose and Throat, 1 Harold Ludman and Patrick J. Bradley 2 Pain in the Ear, 8 Harold Ludman 3 Discharge from the Ear, 15 Robin Youngs 4 Hearing Impairment in Adults, 21 Gavin A. J. Morrison 5 Hearing Impairment in Children, 27 Stephen J. Broomfield and Andrew H. Marshall 6 Acoustic Neuromas and Other Cerebellopontine Angle Tumours, 33 Tony Wright 7 Tinnitus, 39 Thomasina Meehan and Claudia Nogueira 8 Vertigo and Imbalance, 44 Harold Ludman 9 Facial Palsy, 49 Iain Swan 10 Facial Pain, 53 Lisha McLelland and Nick S. Jones 11 Paranasal Sinus Disease, 58 Derek Skinner 12 Nasal Discharge, 65 Andrew C. Swift 13 Epistaxis, 71 Gerald W. McGarry 14 Nasal Obstruction and Smell Disorders, 76 Desmond A. Nunez 15 Facial Plastics, 81 Patrick Walsh, Julian Rowe-Jones and Simon Watts 16 Throat Pain, 89 William McKerrow and Patrick J. Bradley 17 Hoarseness and Voice Disorders, 94 Mered Harries 18 Airway Obstruction and Stridor, 100 Vinidh Paleri and Patrick J. Bradley 19 Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea, 108 Tawakir Kamani and Anshul Sama 20 Swallowing Problems, 113 Vinidh Paleri and Patrick J. Bradley 21 Head and Neck Trauma, 120 Paul Tierney 22 Foreign Bodies, 125 Ricardo Persaud, Antony Narula and Patrick J. Bradley 23 Neck Swellings, 131 Nick Roland and Patrick J. Bradley 24 Head and Neck Cancer, 139 Patrick J. Bradley Index, 147
£34.15
Elsevier Health Sciences Macleods Clinical OSCEs
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction to the OSCE History taking Physical examination Practical skills Ethics, communication and explanation Prescribing and handover Recognising and managing acutely unwell patients
£30.39
Elsevier Health Sciences Essentials of Nutrition in Medicine and
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSECTION A Introduction to Nutrition and Health 1 Basic Principles of Nutrition 2 Basic Principles of Screening and Assessment 3 Basic Principles of Nutritional Care Pathways 4 Basic Principles of Acute and Chronic Nutrition Support SECTION B Nutrition in Health Care Practice with Case Studies 5 Nutrition in Respiratory Medicine 6 Nutrition in Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine 7 Nutrition in Endocrine (Obesity/Diabetes) and Reproductive Medicine 8 Nutrition in Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Medicine 9 Nutrition in Hypertension and Kidney Medicineh 10 Nutrition in Musculoskeletal and Disability Medicine 11 Nutrition in Haematology and Oncology 12 Nutrition in Immunology, Infection and Allergy SECTION C Nutrition and Population Health 13 Nutrition and Mental Health 14 Nutrition in Public Health, Policy, Prevention and Implementation SECTION D Appendix of Nutrition Toolkits Appendix 1 Nutrition and Clinical Science: Toolkit for Further Reading Appendix 2 Weight Stigma - A Practical Guide for Clinicians Appendix 3 Nutrition and COVID-19: Toolkit of Emerging Evidence Index
£31.34
Elsevier Health Sciences Essentials of Kumar and Clarks Clinical Medicine
Book SynopsisTrade ReviewFrom customer reviews of the previous edition: 2018 BMA Awards: Winner, Internal Medicine "This book is amazing helpful. It goes through every core condition you need and is simply written and to the point but has all the information that is needed. As a medical student this book has been great for my studies" "Great book, small enough to take on the wards, full of information on the go. I love it." "Excellent little companion book." "Good book. It has all the basics that student needs to revise, write assignments etc"Table of Contents1 Ethics and Communication 2 Infectious Diseases 3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition 4 Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreatic Disease 5 Haematological Disease 6 Malignant Disease 7 Rheumatology 8 Water, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance 9 Renal Disease 10 Cardiovascular Disease 11 Respiratory Disease 12 Critical Care Medicine 13 Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology 14 Endocrine Disease 15 Diabetes Mellitus and Other Disorders of Metabolism 16 The Special Senses 17 Neurology 18 Dermatology 19 Elderly Medicine and Frailty
£30.39
Elsevier Australia Clinical Examination Essentials
Book Synopsis
£36.81
CRC Press Interpreting Laboratory Tests in Intensive Care
Book SynopsisThis book incorporates a wide variety of clinical conditions requiring admission to the intensive care unit that necessitate timely performance of diagnostic tests and their correct interpretation to guide the best treatment. It tries to translate complex physiological principles and diagnostic algorithms into a clinically relevant format that can be easily understood by clinicians. It also explains at length the key clinical inputs to be acquired by laboratory physicians before reporting the results and tries to solve the common dilemmas leading to misinterpretation. The importance of every detail, from sample collection and dispatch to correlation of clinical state report, has been adequately explained with suitable examples and proper explanations.
£47.49
Cengage Learning, Inc Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation
Book SynopsisCLINICAL APPLICATION OF MECHANCIAL VENTILATION, FOURTH EDITION integrates fundamental concepts of respiratory physiology with the day-to-day duties of a respiratory care professional. Utilizing the wide degree of topics covered, including airway management, understanding ventilator waveforms, and addressing critical care issues, readers have the best resource available for understanding mechanical ventilation and its clinical application. Enhancing the learning experience are valuable illustrations of concepts and equipment, highlighted key points, and self-assesment questions in NRBC format with answers. Whether preparing for the national exam or double-checking a respiratory care calculation, this book provides the fundamental principles of repsiratory care with the clinical guidance necessary for mechanical ventilation.Table of Contents1. Principles of Mechanical Ventilation. 2. Effects and Complications of Positive Pressure Ventilation. 3. Classification of Mechanical Ventilators. 4. Operating Modes of Mechanical Ventilation. 5. Special Airways for Ventilation. 6. Airway Management in Mechanical Ventilation. 7. Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation. 8. Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation. 9. Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation. 10. Hemodynamic Monitoring. 11. Ventilator Waveform. 12. Management of Mechanical Ventilation. 13. Procedures Related to Mechanical Ventilation. 14. Critical Care Issues. 15. Pharmacotherapy for Mechanical Ventilation. 16. Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation. 17. Neonatal and Pediatric Mechanical Ventilation. 18. Mechanical Ventilation in Non-Traditional Settings. 19. Case Studies. Appendix 1. Reference Laboratory Values. Appendix 2. Respiratory Care Equations and Normal Values. Appendix 3. Hemodynamic Equations and Normal Values. Appendix 4. Conversion Factors. Appendix 5. Dubois Body Surface Chart. Appendix 6. Anatomic Values in Children and Adults. Appendix 7. Selection of Airways for Children and Adults. Appendix 8. Oxygen Transport Normal Ranges. Appendix 9. Glasgow Coma Score. Appendix 10. APACHE II Severity of Disease Classification System. Appendix 11. Triage Scores for Mass Casualty Incidence. Index.
£73.99
John Wiley and Sons Ltd How to Succeed on Primary Care and Community
Book SynopsisHow to Succeed on Primary Care and Community Placements offers practical advice on how to get the most from your time on community visits, within patient consultations, and with the practice team.Table of ContentsContributors, x Introduction, xi Acknowledgements, xv Chapter 1: What to learn in community settings, 1With Ann O’Brien Introduction, 1 Early years, 3 What to learn during early patient contact, 4 Professionalism and personal growth, 5 Patient perspectives on health and healthcare, 8 Social and psychological aspects of health, 9 Learning clinical method (history taking and examination), 11 Clinical and procedural skills, 13 Middle clinical years, 14 Later clinical years, 22 Learning in the community ‘out of hours’, 25 Further opportunities, 26 Summary, 29 References, 29 Further resources, 30 Chapter 2: Learning the public health aspects of medicine, 32With Ann O’Brien Public health perspectives, 32 Health promotion, 35 Primary and secondary disease prevention, 36 Behaviour change: health promotion and prevention for individuals, 38 Public health and health education, 39 Summary, 41 References, 41 Chapter 3: Preparing for and learning on primary care and community placements, 42With Maria Hayfron]Benjamin Introduction, 42 Preparing for your community placements, 45 When you arrive on placements, 47 Your responsibilities at the end of your placement, 59 Summary, 60 References, 61 Chapter 4: Active learning in the consultation, 62With Catie Nagel Introduction, 62 Learning objectives, learning plans, 63 Learning consultation skills, 64 Understanding the consultation, 65 The art of consultation, 66 Engaging with patients, introductions, information, consent, 67 Working with patients, 68 Active learning in the consultation, 71 Student]led consultations, 76 Problems, pitfalls and suggested solutions, 77 Complex consultations for the later clinical years, 79 Summary, 82 References, 83 Chapter 5: What to learn from the primary healthcare team, 85With Will Spiring and Ann O’Brien Introduction, 86 Professional behaviour in a team, 87 What the PHCT does, 90 Learning with and from the primary healthcare team, 95 Learning from the practice nurses, 98 Learning from the pharmacy team, 100 Primary health team meetings, 105 Learning from mistakes, 106 Patients and public involvement in your education, 107 Summary, 109 References, 109 Further resources, 110 Chapter 6: Learning medicine in community settings, 111With Ann O’Brien and Will Spiring Learning from community visits, 112 Learning from doctor’s home visits, 113 Visiting residential care and nursing homes, 115 Learning from community mental health teams, 116 Long]term mental healthcare in the community, 119 Community mental health for the elderly, 120 Community maternity and child health services, 121 Community sexual health services, 122 Palliative and end of life care, 123 Summary, 126 References, 126 Further resources, 127 Chapter 7: Clinical information systems, opportunities to learn, 128With Jane Kirby What are clinical information systems?, 128 Why learn about clinical information systems?, 129 Clinical information systems in community practice, 130 Making the most of the CIS in learning and teaching, 130 What do clinical information systems offer in the diagnosis and management of acute illnesses? How do they support your learning of these conditions?, 132 How do clinical information systems support the management of long]term conditions? How can they support your learning about this vital area of medicine?, 134 Learning from clinical guidelines, 138 How can clinical information systems support the learning of prescribing (and patient safety)?, 139 Family medicine, using clinical information systems to learn public health aspects – what do you need to know?, 141 Clinical information systems: supporting learning about communication with patients, and colleagues, 143 Using clinical information systems in supporting assessment, 144 Clinical information systems: problems and pitfalls, 145 Clinical information systems: projects, audit and research, 148 Summary, 149 References, 150 Chapter 8: Supporting learning in primary care using social media and other technologies, 151With Jonathon Tomlinson Social media in your primary care placements, 152 When media becomes social media, 153 Social media landscape, 154 Your online profile and digital professionalism, 155 Your digital footprint, 155 Doctors and patients online, 156 Digital literacy and information literacy, 157 Social media sites: Facebook, Twitter, Blogs, Wikis, YouTube, Slideshare/Prezi, Scoop.it/Pinterest, 159 Summary, 164 References, 165 Further resources, 166 Chapter 9: Assessment, feedback and quality assurance, 167With Mark Williamson Assessment in your primary care placement, 168 Assessments in medical courses, what should you expect?, 169 What types of assessment should you expect on your primary care placements?, 171 How can you best use your time on primary care placements to survive (or even excel) in your medical school assessments?, 174 Some potential strengths of assessment in primary care, 177 Opportunities for self]assessment in primary care settings, 181 Some final thoughts: why authenticity in assessment matters, 181 Feedback within your primary care placement, 182 Types of feedback in primary care placements, 184 Giving and receiving feedback, 187 Giving something back – your responsibility to offer feedback, 188 Summary, 191 References, 192 Chapter 10: Conclusions: Looking to the future, 194 Reference, 197 Index, 198
£23.70
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Roitts Essential Immunology
Book SynopsisRoitt's Essential Immunology - the textbook of choice for students and instructors of immunology worldwide Roitt s Essential Immunology clearly explains the key principles needed by medical and health sciences students, from the basis of immunity to clinical applications.Table of ContentsAbout the authors vi Acknowledgments viii Preface ix Abbreviations x How to use your textbook xvi About the companion website xvii Part 1: Fundamentals of immunology 1 1 Innate immunity 3 2 Specific acquired immunity 52 3 Antibodies 69 4 Membrane receptors for antigen 97 5 Antigen‐specific recognition 139 6 The anatomy of the immune response 167 7 Lymphocyte activation 187 8 The production of effectors 218 9 The regulation of the immune response 272 10 Development and evolution of the immune response 291 Part 2: Applied immunology 319 11 Adversarial strategies during infection 321 12 Vaccines 353 13 Immunodeficiency 378 14 Allergy and other hypersensitivities 405 15 Transplantation 435 16 Tumor immunology 458 17 Autoimmune diseases 499 Glossary 529 Index 541
£50.30
John Wiley & Sons Inc Get into UK Medical School For Dummies
Book SynopsisGet the book and get into medical school. Sound simple? Well, it isn't. But Get into UK Medical School For Dummies contains the information you need to get ahead of the competition and give yourself the best possible shot at success.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Targeting Medical School 7 Chapter 1: Deciding whether to Study Medicine 9 Chapter 2: Choosing a Medical School 25 Chapter 3: Planning Your Application 47 Chapter 4: Building Your Foundation for Medical School 59 Chapter 5: Writing Your UCAS Personal Statement 75 Part II: Sitting the Tests 87 Chapter 6: Dissecting the UKCAT 89 Chapter 7: Practising the UKCAT 115 Chapter 8: Breaking Down the BMAT 139 Chapter 9: Studying BMAT Questions and Answers 153 Chapter 10: Getting to Grips with the GAMSAT 167 Part III: Preparing for Interviews 175 Chapter 11: Performing Well in Interviews 177 Chapter 12: Preparing for Common Interview Questions 189 Chapter 13: Staying Current: Medical Topics You Need to Know About 209 Chapter 14: Following the Interview 227 Part IV: The Part of Tens 233 Chapter 15: Ten Great Ways to Stand Out from the Crowd 235 Chapter 16: Ten Top Tips for Coping with Stress 241 Index 247
£11.69
Wiley-Blackwell ABC of Dementia
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£22.50
John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABC of Orthopaedics and Trauma
Book SynopsisFully illustrated throughout with a wide range of scans, images and line drawings,ABC of Orthopaedicsand Traumaprovides practical guidance on the diagnosis, treatment and management of orthopaedic conditions, and assists with the initial assessment based on common presentations. Written by a team of renowned expert orthopaedic surgeons and rheumatologists, it includes coverage of the current national guidelines from NICE and professional bodies. Twenty-four chapters cover all the major areas of this vast speciality using a digestible and reader-friendly approach, including sections on fractures, joint replacements, rheumatological disorders, osteoarthritis, emergencies, and post-operative care. Introduction to specialist topics like metabolic bone disease, peripheral nerve injury, paediatric orthopaedics and tumours are also featured. Topics consist of history and examination, investigation and initial management of common orthopaedic trauma and elective presentations. In additioTable of ContentsForeword, ix Contributors, xi Preface, xiii Abbreviations, xv 1 General Overview, 1Kapil Sugand, Anita Khurwal, and Chinmay M. Gupte 2 Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Disease, 7David Metcalfe 3 Orthopaedic Investigations, 11Adil Ajuied, Christian Smith, and Cynthia Gupte 4 Orthopaedic Trauma, 23Aamer Nisar, Chinmay M. Gupte, and Rajarshi Bhattacharya 5 Management of Adult Fractures, 29Aamer Nisar, Chinmay M. Gupte, and Rajarshi Bhattacharya 6 Shoulder and Elbow, 37Andrew Sankey and Peter Reilly 7 Hand and Wrist, 47Issaq Ahmed and Philippa Rust 8 Pelvis and Acetabulum, 59Hani B Abdul‐Jabar and Jasvinder Daurka 9 The Hip, 67Simond Jagernauth and Joshua KL Lee 10 The Knee, 75Nawfal Al‐Hadithy and Chinmay M. Gupte 11 Foot and Ankle, 85Nadeem Mushtaq, Ali Abbasian, Kapil Sugand, and Chinmay M. Gupte 12 Spine, 95Syed Aftab and Robert Lee 13 Paediatric Orthopaedics, 105Bassel El‐Osta, Alex Shearman, and Neel Mohan 14 Orthopaedic Emergencies, 117 14.1 Emergency: Dislocated Hip, 117Simond Jagernauth and Joshua KL Lee 14.2 Emergency: Locked Knee and Dislocation, 119Sohail Yousaf, Mubeen Nazar, and Chinmay M. Gupte 14.3 Emergency: Acute Shoulder Dislocation, 123Andrew Sankey and Peter Reilly 14.4 Emergency: Supracondylar Fractures of Distal Humerus in Children, 125Alex Shearman, Bassel El‐Osta, and Neel Mohan 14.5 Emergency: Septic Arthritis, 128James Donaldson and Jonathan Miles 14.6 Compartment Syndrome, 131Ahsan Sheeraz 14.7 Emergency: Cauda Equina Syndrome, 133Syed Aftab and Robert Lee 15 Orthopaedic Procedures, 135Simon Mordecai and Jacqueline Waterman 16 Prevention and Postoperative Care, 141Ahsan Sheeraz 17 Osteoarthritis, 149Alexander L. Dodds and Dinesh Nathwani 18 Inflammatory Diseases, 155Sanam Kia and Sonya Abraham 19 Bone and Joint Infections, 163James Donaldson and Jonathan Miles 20 Metabolic Bone Diseases, 173Michael Fertleman, Shuli Levy, and Georgina Meredith 21 Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours, 181Rej Bhumbra 22 Peripheral Nerve Injury (PNI), 187Rishi Dhir, Kapil Sugand, and Tom Quick 23 Orthopaedic Biomechanics, 195Hussein Taki and Bernard van Duren 24 Tools of the Trade, 199Mike Rafferty Index, 207
£35.10
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Hirsch and Brenners Atlas of EEG in Critical Care
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface Chapter 1-EEG Basics Chapter 2: Practical Approach to the Critical Care EEG and its Classification Chapter 3: Encephalopathy and Coma Chapter 4: Focal EEG Abnormalities Chapter 5: Rhythmic and Periodic Patterns Chapter 6: Seizures, Status Epilepticus and the Ictal-Interictal Continuum Chapter 7: Artifacts that can mimic seizures or other physiologic patterns Chapter 8: Post Cardiac Arrest Patterns Chapter 9 Quantitative EEG: Basics, seizure detection, and avoiding pitfalls Chapter 10: Quantitative EEG special applications and multimodal monitoring Appendix Index
£89.99
John Wiley and Sons Ltd This Is Bioethics
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsAbout the Authors xi Preface and Acknowledgments xiii 1 Introduction to Ethics 1 1.1 Religion and Ethics 6 1.2 Law and Ethics 9 1.2.1 Legal and Moral Rights 12 1.3 Ethical Relativism 13 1.4 Why be Ethical? 15 2 Ethical Theory 21 2.1 Virtue Ethics 21 2.2 Feminist Ethics 23 2.3 Utilitarian Ethics 25 2.4 Rule‐Based Ethics 29 2.5 ‘Georgetown Mantra’ 30 2.5.1 Non‐Maleficence 31 2.5.2 Beneficence 31 2.5.3 Respect for Autonomy 31 2.5.4 Justice 32 2.6 Contract Theory 34 3 Basics of Bioethics 37 3.1 History and Scope of Bioethics 37 3.2 Who Can Claim to be a Bioethicist? 41 3.3 Organizations and Journals 43 3.4 Policy Advice 43 3.5 Common Arguments in Bioethics 45 3.6 Playing God 46 3.7 Unnatural and Abnormal 47 3.8 Dignity 48 3.9 Nazi Arguments in Bioethics 51 3.10 Slippery‐Slope Arguments 53 3.11 Treating Someone as a Means 55 4 Moral Standing: What Matters 59 4.1 Moral Standing and Moral Status 59 4.2 Species Membership 60 4.3 Sentientism 62 4.4 Capabilities 64 4.5 Biocentrism 64 4.6 Holism 65 4.7 The Future 66 5 Beginning of Life 69 5.1 Introduction 69 5.2 Ethical Arguments about Reproductive Rights and Responsibilities 70 5.2.1 Reproductive Autonomy and the Right to Reproduce 70 5.2.2 Consequentialism and Procreative Beneficence 71 5.2.3 ‘Do No Harm’ and the Person‐Affecting Restriction 72 5.2.4 The Non‐Identity Problem 72 5.2.5 Virtue Ethics 73 5.2.6 Feminist Bioethics 73 5.3 Issues in Assisted Reproduction 74 5.3.1 Genetic Relatedness: How Important Is It? 75 5.3.2 Issues of Selection in Reproduction 77 5.4 Embryos, Fetuses and Abortion 79 5.4.1 Fetuses 80 5.4.2 Judith Jarvis Thomson and the Violinist 81 5.4.3 The ‘Future‐Like‐Ours’ Argument 81 5.4.4 The Impairment Argument Against Abortion 82 5.4.5 Women’s Character 82 5.4.6 Abortion and Fetal Transplants 83 5.4.7 Savior Siblings 84 5.4.8 Infants and Infanticide 85 5.4.9 Severely Disabled Infants 86 5.4.10 Acts and Omissions 87 5.4.11 Newborn Screening 88 6 Health Care Professional-Patient Relationship 91 6.1 Informed Consent 92 6.2 Paternalism 96 6.3 Deciding for Others 97 6.3.1 Deciding for Others: Advance Directives 97 6.3.2 Deciding for Others: Patients Who Never Had Capacity 98 6.3.3 Deciding for Others: Incapacitated Patients without Advance Directives 99 6.4 Truth Telling 102 6.5 Confidentiality 105 6.6 Conscience Matters 107 6.7 Duty to Treat 110 7 Research Ethics 115 7.1 Elements of Ethical Research 117 7.2 Clinical Research: The Basics 118 7.3 Animal Experiments 120 7.4 Informed Consent 121 7.5 Trial‐Related Injuries 122 7.6 Benefits 124 7.7 Benefiting from Evil 125 7.8 Ethical Issues Affecting Clinical Research Involving the Catastrophically Ill 127 7.9 Developing World 130 7.9.1 Utility of Research Question 130 7.9.2 Standards of Care 131 8 Genetics 135 8.1 Genetics and Genomics 135 8.1.1 Introduction – Genetics, Genomics and Bioethics: Is Genetics Special? 135 8.1.2 Issues in Clinical Genetics: Genetic Testing and Counseling 137 8.1.2.1 Non‐Directiveness 137 8.1.2.2 Children 138 8.1.2.3 Genetic Screening 139 8.1.2.4 Direct‐to‐Consumer Testing 139 8.2 Gene Therapy: Somatic and Germline 140 8.2.1 Is There a Need for Germline Gene Therapy? 142 8.2.2 Risks and Irreversible Consequences 142 8.2.3 Future Generations and Lack of Consent 143 8.2.4 The Iconic Significance of the Germline 143 8.2.5 Gene Editing 144 8.3 Genomic Research 146 8.3.1 The Human Genome Project 146 8.3.2 Biobanks 147 8.3.3 Feedback of Findings 149 8.4 Personalized Medicine 150 8.4.1 Human Cloning – Therapeutic Cloning 151 8.4.2 Reproductive Cloning 153 8.5 Other Issues in Genetics and Genomics 155 9 Enhancement 159 9.1 Introduction 159 9.2 Enhancement and Superhumans 159 9.3 The Meaning of Enhancement 161 9.3.1 Enhancement and Improvement 161 9.4 Alternatives to the ‘Improvement’ Account 163 9.4.1 Therapy–Enhancement Distinction 163 9.4.2 Species‐Normal Functioning 164 9.4.2.1 Quantitative Account of Enhancement 164 9.4.3 Enhancement: The Umbrella View 165 9.5 Ethical Issues 166 9.5.1 Is Enhancement Necessary? 166 9.5.2 Enhancement is Inevitable 167 9.5.3 A Compromise Position? 168 9.5.4 Autonomy 169 9.5.5 The Habermasian Concern 169 9.6 Social Inequalities and Social Justice 170 9.6.1 Consequences for the Future of Humans 171 9.7 Moral Enhancement 173 9.8 Cognitive Enhancement 176 10 Mental Health 181 10.1 Mental Illness 182 10.2 Diagnosis 184 10.3 Autonomy and Capacity 186 10.4 Least Restrictive Option 187 10.5 Best Interests 188 10.6 Treatment and Detention 189 10.6.1 Detention for the Good of the Service User 189 10.6.2 Detention for the Protection of Others 191 11 End of Life 195 11.1 Do You Want to Live Forever? 195 11.2 Terminology 201 11.3 Case for the Decriminalization of Assisted Dying 203 11.4 The Case Against the Decriminalization of Assisted Dying 207 11.4.1 In‐Principle Reasons Against Assistance in Dying 207 11.4.2 Slippery‐Slope Reasons Against Assistance in Dying 208 11.4.2.1 Pereira v. Downie 210 11.5 Violation of Health Care Professional Values and Traditions 213 12 Justice and Health Care 217 12.1 Introduction 217 12.2 Types of Justice 218 12.2.1 Justice and Discrimination 218 12.2.2 Justice in Distribution 219 12.2.3 Procedural Justice 220 12.2.4 Justice and Exploitation 220 12.3 The Concept of Justice and its Connection With Equality 222 12.3.1 Justice and Equality: Equal Treatment and Equal Consideration 222 12.3.2 Justice, ‘Deserving’, and Personal Responsibility 223 12.3.3 Justice is Giving People What They Need 225 12.4 Theories of Justice 225 12.4.1 Utility and Well‐Being 225 12.4.2 Respect for Persons: Rights to Health and Health Care 228 12.4.3 John Rawls and Norman Daniels 229 12.4.4 The Capabilities Approach 231 12.5 Special Cases 232 12.5.1 Personalized Medicine and Justice 233 13 Population Health 235 13.1 Global Health Issues 235 13.2 Health Aid Obligations 236 13.2.1 Allocation Priorities 238 13.3 Population Health and Public Health 240 13.4 Communicable Disease Control Challenges 243 13.4.1 Take One: Michael Johnson is Not Culpable 245 13.4.2 Take Two: Michael Johnson is Culpable 245 13.4.3 Take Three: Shared Responsibility 246 13.4.4 Deterrence 246 13.4.5 Private Acts and Social Consequences 247 13.4.6 Novel Coronavirus Pandemic 248 13.4.7 Vaccines 251 13.5 Public Health Promotion 253 13.5.1 Communicable Disease: HIV 254 13.5.2 Non‐Communicable Disease: Obesity 256 Bibliography 261 Further Reading 287 Index 295
£27.50
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Clinical Medicine
Book SynopsisFeaturing updated content throughout, this new edition of Clinical Medicine Lecture Notes is a concise guide to both history taking and examination, and to the essentials of clinical medicine on a system-by-system basis. The text is divided into two sections, with part one exploring communication and physical examination techniques, supported by the core knowledge required for assessing and diagnosing diseases in the main systems of the body. The second part of the text covers a range of common diseases, although accounts of rare conditions are also given. The level of information provided will equip junior clinicians with the necessary knowledge required to succeed in any clinical situation. A concise approach that contains all that medical students and junior doctors need to know, covering both the clinical approach and the essential background knowledge Summary and evidence-based medicine boxes to assist revision and learning InTable of Contents1 Data and Case Studies 1 1.1 Case Study: Flight Delays 1 1.2 Case Study: BirthWeights of Babies 2 1.3 Case Study: Verizon Repair Times 3 1.4 Case Study: Iowa Recidivism 4 1.5 Sampling 5 1.6 Parameters and Statistics 6 1.7 Case Study: General Social Survey 7 1.8 Sample Surveys 8 1.9 Case Study: Beer and HotWings 9 1.10 Case Study: Black Spruce Seedlings 10 1.11 Studies 10 1.12 Google Interview Question: Mobile Ads Optimization 12 Exercises 16 2 Exploratory Data Analysis 21 2.1 Basic Plots 21 2.2 Numeric Summaries 25 2.2.1 Center 25 2.2.2 Spread 26 2.2.3 Shape 27 2.3 Boxplots 28 2.4 Quantiles and Normal Quantile Plots 29 2.5 Empirical Cumulative Distribution Functions 35 2.6 Scatter Plots 38 2.7 Skewness and Kurtosis 40 3 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing: Permutation Tests 47 3.1 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing 47 3.2 Hypotheses 48 3.3 Permutation Tests 50 3.3.1 Implementation Issues 55 3.3.2 One-sided and Two-sided Tests 61 3.3.3 Other Statistics 62 3.3.4 Assumptions 64 3.3.5 Remark on Terminology 68 3.4 Matched Pairs 68 Exercises 70 4 Sampling Distributions 75 4.1 Sampling Distributions 75 4.2 Calculating Sampling Distributions 80 4.3 The Central LimitTheorem 84 4.3.1 CLT for Binomial Data 86 4.3.2 Continuity Correction for Discrete Random Variables 89 4.3.3 Accuracy of the Central Limit Theorem∗ 91 4.3.4 CLT for SamplingWithout Replacement 92 Exercises 93 5 Introduction to Confidence Intervals: The Bootstrap 103 5.1 Introduction to the Bootstrap 103 5.2 The Plug-in Principle 110 5.2.1 Estimating the Population Distribution 112 5.2.2 How Useful Is the Bootstrap Distribution? 113 5.3 Bootstrap Percentile Intervals 118 5.4 Two-Sample Bootstrap 119 5.4.1 Matched Pairs 124 5.5 Other Statistics 128 5.6 Bias 131 5.7 Monte Carlo Sampling: The “Second Bootstrap Principle” 134 5.8 Accuracy of Bootstrap Distributions 135 5.8.1 Sample Mean: Large Sample Size 135 5.8.2 Sample Mean: Small Sample Size 137 5.8.3 Sample Median 138 5.8.4 Mean–Variance Relationship 138 5.9 HowMany Bootstrap Samples Are Needed? 140 Exercises 141 6 Estimation 149 6.1 Maximum Likelihood Estimation 149 6.1.1 Maximum Likelihood for Discrete Distributions 150 6.1.2 Maximum Likelihood for Continuous Distributions 153 6.1.3 Maximum Likelihood for Multiple Parameters 157 6.2 Method of Moments 161 6.3 Properties of Estimators 163 6.3.1 Unbiasedness 164 6.3.2 Efficiency 167 6.3.3 Mean Square Error 171 6.3.4 Consistency 173 6.3.5 Transformation Invariance∗ 175 6.3.6 Asymptotic Normality of MLE∗ 177 6.4 Statistical Practice 178 6.4.1 Are You Asking the Right Question? 179 6.4.2 Weights 179 Exercises 180 7 More Confidence Intervals 187 7.1 Confidence Intervals for Means 187 7.1.1 Confidence Intervals for a Mean, Variance Known 187 7.1.2 Confidence Intervals for a Mean, Variance Unknown 192 7.1.3 Confidence Intervals for a Difference in Means 198 7.1.4 Matched Pairs, Revisited 204 7.2 Confidence Intervals in General 204 7.2.1 Location and Scale Parameters∗ 208 7.3 One-sided Confidence Intervals 212 7.4 Confidence Intervals for Proportions 214 7.4.1 Agresti–Coull Intervals for a Proportion 217 7.4.2 Confidence Intervals for a Difference of Proportions 218 7.5 Bootstrap Confidence Intervals 219 7.5.1 t Confidence Intervals Using Bootstrap Standard Errors 219 7.5.2 Bootstrap t Confidence Intervals 220 7.5.3 Comparing Bootstrap t and Formula t Confidence Intervals 224 7.6 Confidence Interval Properties 226 7.6.1 Confidence Interval Accuracy 226 7.6.2 Confidence Interval Length 227 7.6.3 Transformation Invariance 227 7.6.4 Ease of Use and Interpretation 227 7.6.5 Research Needed 228 Exercises 228 8 More Hypothesis Testing 241 8.1 Hypothesis Tests for Means and Proportions: One Population 241 8.1.1 A Single Mean 241 8.1.2 One Proportion 244 8.2 Bootstrap t-Tests 246 8.3 Hypothesis Tests for Means and Proportions: Two Populations 248 8.3.1 Comparing Two Means 248 8.3.2 Comparing Two Proportions 251 8.3.3 Matched Pairs for Proportions 254 8.4 Type I and Type II Errors 255 8.4.1 Type I Errors 257 8.4.2 Type II Errors and Power 261 8.4.3 P-Values versus Critical Regions 266 8.5 Interpreting Test Results 267 8.5.1 P-Values 267 8.5.2 On Significance 268 8.5.3 Adjustments for Multiple Testing 269 8.6 Likelihood Ratio Tests 271 8.6.1 Simple Hypotheses and the Neyman–Pearson Lemma 271 8.6.2 Likelihood Ratio Tests for Composite Hypotheses 275 8.7 Statistical Practice 279 8.7.1 More Campaigns with No Clicks and No Conversions 284 Exercises 285 9 Regression 297 9.1 Covariance 297 9.2 Correlation 301 9.3 Least-Squares Regression 304 9.3.1 Regression Toward the Mean 308 9.3.2 Variation 310 9.3.3 Diagnostics 311 9.3.4 Multiple Regression 317 9.4 The Simple LinearModel 317 9.4.1 Inference for 𝛼 and 𝛽 322 9.4.2 Inference for the Response 326 9.4.3 Comments about Assumptions for the Linear Model 330 9.5 Resampling Correlation and Regression 332 9.5.1 Permutation Tests 335 9.5.2 Bootstrap Case Study: Bushmeat 336 9.6 Logistic Regression 340 9.6.1 Inference for Logistic Regression 346 Exercises 350 10 Categorical Data 359 10.1 Independence in Contingency Tables 359 10.2 Permutation Test of Independence 361 10.3 Chi-square Test of Independence 365 10.3.1 Model for Chi-square Test of Independence 366 10.3.2 2 × 2 Tables 368 10.3.3 Fisher’s Exact Test 370 10.3.4 Conditioning 371 10.4 Chi-square Test of Homogeneity 372 10.5 Goodness-of-fit Tests 374 10.5.1 All Parameters Known 374 10.5.2 Some Parameters Estimated 377 10.6 Chi-square and the Likelihood Ratio∗ 379 Exercises 380 11 Bayesian Methods 391 11.1 Bayes Theorem 392 11.2 Binomial Data: Discrete Prior Distributions 392 11.3 Binomial Data: Continuous Prior Distributions 400 11.4 Continuous Data 406 11.5 Sequential Data 409 Exercises 414 12 One-way ANOVA 419 12.1 Comparing Three or More Populations 419 12.1.1 The ANOVA F-test 419 12.1.2 A Permutation Test Approach 428 Exercises 429 13 Additional Topics 433 13.1 Smoothed Bootstrap 433 13.1.1 Kernel Density Estimate 435 13.2 Parametric Bootstrap 437 13.3 The Delta Method 441 13.4 Stratified Sampling 445 13.5 Computational Issues in Bayesian Analysis 446 13.6 Monte Carlo Integration 448 13.7 Importance Sampling 452 13.7.1 Ratio Estimate for Importance Sampling 458 13.7.2 Importance Sampling in Bayesian Applications 461 13.8 The EM Algorithm 467 13.8.1 General Background 469 Exercises 472 Appendix A Review of Probability 477 A.1 Basic Probability 477 A.2 Mean and Variance 478 A.3 The Normal Distribution 480 A.4 The Mean of a Sample of RandomVariables 481 A.5 Sums of Normal Random Variables 482 A.6 The Law of Averages 483 A.7 Higher Moments and the Moment-generating Function 484 Appendix B Probability Distributions 487 B.1 The Bernoulli and Binomial Distributions 487 B.2 The Multinomial Distribution 488 B.3 The Geometric Distribution 490 B.4 The Negative Binomial Distribution 491 B.5 The Hypergeometric Distribution 492 B.6 The Poisson Distribution 493 B.7 The Uniform Distribution 495 B.8 The Exponential Distribution 495 B.9 The Gamma Distribution 497 B.10 The Chi-square Distribution 499 B.11 The Student’s t Distribution 502 B.12 The Beta Distribution 504 B.13 The F Distribution 505 Exercises 507 Appendix C Distributions Quick Reference 509 Solutions to Selected Exercises 513 References 525 Index 531
£31.30
John Wiley and Sons Ltd PersonCentred Practice in Nursing and Health Care
Book SynopsisPerson-centred Practice in Nursing and Health Care is a comprehensive and practical resource for all nurses and healthcare practitioners who want to develop person-centred ways of working.Trade Review"The book is a simple and easy read. However, it clearly states the importance of patient-centered practice and is filled with pertinent examples of how readers can use this framework in every nursing/healthcare setting." (Doody Enterprises, 2016)Table of ContentsList of Contributors ix Foreword xiii Acknowledgements xv 1 Introduction 1 Brendan McCormack & Tanya McCance Section I: A framework for person-centred practice 2 Underpinning principles of person-centred practice 13 Brendan McCormack & Tanya McCance 3 The Person-centred Practice Framework 36 Tanya McCance & Brendan McCormack Section II: The building blocks to enable person-centredness 4 Person-centred approaches: a policy perspective 67 Jon Glasby 5 Person-centredness in nursing strategy and policy 77 Annette Solman & Val Wilson 6 Person-centred nursing leadership 86 Shaun Cardiff 7 Person-centred nursing education 99 Deirdre O’Donnell, Neal Cook & Pauline Black 8 Person-centred research 118 Belinda Dewar, Aisling McBride & Cathy Sharp Section III: Developing person-centred cultures: a practice development approach 9 An overview of practice development 133 Kim Manley 10 Creating flourishing workplaces 150 Jan Dewing & Brendan McCormack 11 Helping health-care practitioners to flourish: critical companionship at work 162 Angie Titchen & Karen Hammond 12 Navigating organisational change: being a person-centred facilitator 172 Famke van Lieshout Section IV: Adapting the principles of person-centred practice 13 A narrative approach to person-centredness with older people in residential long-term care 183 Catherine Buckley 14 Person-centred health services for children 193 Val Wilson & Annette Solman 15 Meeting the challenges of person-centredness in acute care 205 Christine Boomer & Tanya McCance 16 Person-centredness, recovery and user involvement in mental health services 215 Marit Borg & Bengt Karlsson 17 Weathering the seasons of practice development: moving towards a person-centred culture incomplex continuing care 225 Nadine Janes, Barbara Cowie, Jennifer Haynes, Penney Deratnay, Shannon Burke & Barbara Bell 18 Person-centred community nursing 236 Caroline Dickson 19 Person-centredness in palliative care 248 Antonia Lannie & Lorna Peelo-Kilroe 20 A considered reflection and re-presenting the Person-centred Practice Framework 259 Tanya McCance & Brendan McCormack Index 265
£32.25
John Wiley & Sons Inc Basic Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive foundation for the contemporary application of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The second edition updates and strengthens existing chapters and adds new topics to address current needs including physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling, pharmacogenomics and predicting drug-drug interactions.Table of ContentsPreface xix Contributors xxi 1 Introduction to Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 1Sara E. Rosenbaum 1.1 Introduction: Drugs and Doses 2 1.2 Introduction to Pharmacodynamics 3 1.2.1 Drug Effects at the Site of Action 3 1.2.2 Agonists, Antagonists, and Concentration–Response Relationships 6 1.3 Introduction to Pharmacokinetics 9 1.3.1 Plasma Concentration of Drugs 9 1.3.2 Processes in Pharmacokinetics 11 1.4 Dose–Response Relationships 12 1.5 Therapeutic Range 14 1.5.1 Determination of the Therapeutic Range 15 1.6 Summary 18 Reference 18 2 Passage of Drugs Through Membranes 19Sara E. Rosenbaum 2.1 Introduction 20 2.2 Structure and Properties of Membranes 20 2.3 Passive Diffusion 21 2.3.1 Transcellular Passive Diffusion 23 2.3.2 Paracellular Passive Diffusion 25 2.4 Carrier-Mediated Processes: Transport Proteins 26 2.4.1 Uptake Transporters: SLC Superfamily 27 2.4.2 Efflux Transporters: ABC Superfamily 29 2.4.3 Characteristics of Transporter Systems 31 2.4.4 Simulation Exercise 32 2.4.5 Clinical Examples of Transporter Involvement in Drug Response 32 References 33 3 Drug Administration and Drug Absorption 35Steven C. Sutton 3.1 Introduction: Local and Systemic Drug Administration 36 3.2 Routes of Drug Administration 37 3.2.1 Common Routes of Local Drug Administration 37 3.2.2 Common Routes of Systemic Drug Administration 38 3.3 Overview of Oral Absorption 41 3.3.1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Oral-Gastric-Intestinal Tract and Transit Time 41 3.4 Extent of Drug Absorption 44 3.4.1 Bioavailability Factor 44 3.4.2 Individual Bioavailability Factors 45 3.5 Determinants of the Fraction of the Dose Absorbed (F) 46 3.5.1 Disintegration 46 3.5.2 Dissolution 46 3.5.3 Formulation Excipients 50 3.5.4 Adverse Events within the Gastrointestinal Lumen 50 3.5.5 Transcellular Passive Diffusion 53 3.5.6 Particulate Uptake 53 3.5.7 Paracellular Passive Diffusion 53 3.5.8 Uptake and Efflux Transporters 54 3.5.9 Presystemic Intestinal Metabolism or Extraction 58 3.5.10 Presystemic Hepatic Metabolism or Extraction 60 3.6 Factors Controlling the Rate of Drug Absorption 61 3.6.1 Dissolution-Controlled Absorption 63 3.6.2 Membrane Penetration-Controlled Absorption 63 3.6.3 Overall Rate of Drug Absorption 63 3.7 Biopharmaceutics Classification System 64 3.7.1 Intestinal Reserve Length 64 3.7.2 Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) 64 3.7.3 Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) 65 3.8 Food Effects 65 Problems 66 References 67 4 Drug Distribution 71Sara E. Rosenbaum 4.1 Introduction 72 4.2 Extent of Drug Distribution 72 4.2.1 Distribution Volumes 74 4.2.2 Tissue Binding Plasma Protein Binding and Partitioning: Concentrating Effects 75 4.2.3 Assessment of the Extent of Drug Distribution: Apparent Volume of Distribution 76 4.2.4 Plasma Protein Binding 82 4.3 Rate of Drug Distribution 89 4.3.1 Perfusion-Controlled Drug Distribution 90 4.3.2 Diffusion or Permeability-Controlled Drug Distribution 93 4.4 Distribution of Drugs to the Central Nervous System 93 Problems 96 References 98 5 Drug Elimination and Clearance 99Sara E. Rosenbaum 5.1 Introduction 100 5.1.1 First-Order Elimination 101 5.1.2 Determinants of the Elimination Rate Constant and the Half-Life 102 5.2 Clearance 102 5.2.1 Definition and Determinants of Clearance 102 5.2.2 Total Clearance, Renal Clearance, and Hepatic Clearance 104 5.2.3 Relationships among Clearance, Volume of Distribution, Elimination Rate Constant, and Half-Life 105 5.2.4 Primary and Secondary Parameters 106 5.2.5 Measurement of Total Body Clearance 106 5.3 Renal Clearance 108 5.3.1 Glomerular Filtration 109 5.3.2 Tubular Secretion 110 5.3.3 Tubular Reabsorption 113 5.3.4 Putting Meaning into the Value of Renal Clearance 114 5.3.5 Measurement of Renal Clearance 115 5.3.6 Fraction of the Dose Excreted Unchanged 118 5.4 Hepatic Elimination and Clearance 119 5.4.1 Phase I and Phase II Metabolism 120 5.4.2 The Cytochrome P450 Enzyme System 121 5.4.3 Glucuronidation 122 5.4.4 Metabolism-Based Drug–Drug Interactions 122 5.4.5 Hepatic Drug Transporters and Drug–Drug Interactions 125 5.4.6 Kinetics of Drug Metabolism 127 5.4.7 Hepatic Clearance and Related Parameters 128 Problems 139 References 142 6 Compartmental Models in Pharmacokinetics 145Sara E. Rosenbaum 6.1 Introduction 146 6.2 Expressions for Component Parts of the Dose–Plasma Concentration Relationship 146 6.2.1 Effective Dose 146 6.2.2 Rate of Drug Absorption 147 6.2.3 Rate of Drug Elimination 148 6.2.4 Rate of Drug Distribution 148 6.3 Putting Everything Together: Compartments and Models 149 6.3.1 One-Compartment Model 149 6.3.2 Two-Compartment Model 150 6.3.3 Three-Compartment Model 150 6.4 Examples of Complete Compartment Models 152 6.4.1 Intravenous Bolus Injection in a One-Compartment Model with First-Order Elimination 152 6.4.2 Intravenous Bolus Injection in a Two-Compartment Model with First-Order Elimination 153 6.4.3 First-Order Absorption in a Two-Compartment Model with First-Order Elimination 154 6.5 Use of Compartmental Models to Study Metabolite Pharmacokinetics 155 6.6 Selecting and Applying Models 156 Problems 157 Suggested Readings 157 7 Pharmacokinetics of an Intravenous Bolus Injection in a One-Compartment Model 159Sara E. Rosenbaum 7.1 Introduction 160 7.2 One-Compartment Model 160 7.3 Pharmacokinetic Equations 162 7.3.1 Basic Equation 162 7.3.2 Half-Life 163 7.3.3 Time to Eliminate a Dose 163 7.4 Simulation Exercise 163 7.5 Application of the Model 165 7.5.1 Predicting Plasma Concentrations 165 7.5.2 Duration of Action 166 7.5.3 Value of a Dose to Give a Desired Initial Plasma Concentration 167 7.5.4 Intravenous Loading Dose 167 7.6 Determination of Pharmacokinetic Parameters Experimentally 168 7.6.1 Study Design for the Determination of Parameters 168 7.6.2 Pharmacokinetic Analysis 169 7.7 Pharmacokinetic Analysis in Clinical Practice 173 Problems 174 Suggested Reading 176 8 Pharmacokinetics of an Intravenous Bolus Injection in a Two-Compartment Model 177Sara E. Rosenbaum 8.1 Introduction 178 8.2 Tissue and Compartmental Distribution of a Drug 179 8.2.1 Drug Distribution to the Tissues 179 8.2.2 Compartmental Distribution of a Drug 180 8.3 Basic Equation 181 8.3.1 Distribution: A, α, and the Distribution t1/2 182 8.3.2 Elimination: B, β, and the β t1/2 182 8.4 Relationship Between Macro and Micro Rate Constants 183 8.5 Primary Pharmacokinetic Parameters 183 8.5.1 Clearance 184 8.5.2 Distribution Clearance 184 8.5.3 Volume of Distribution 186 8.6 Simulation Exercise 188 8.7 Determination of the Pharmacokinetic Parameters of the Two-Compartment Model 191 8.7.1 Determination of Intercepts and Macro Rate Constants 191 8.7.2 Determination of the Micro Rate Constants: k12 k21 and k10 193 8.7.3 Determination of the Primary Pharmacokinetic Parameters 193 8.8 Clinical Application of the Two-Compartment Model 194 8.8.1 Measurement of the Elimination Half-Life in the Postdistribution Phase 194 8.8.2 Determination of the Loading Dose 195 8.8.3 Evaluation of a Dose: Monitoring Plasma Concentrations and Patient Response 197 Problems 197 Suggested Readings 199 9 Pharmacokinetics of Extravascular Drug Administration 201Dr. Steven C. Sutton 9.1 Introduction 202 9.2 First-Order Absorption in a One-Compartment Model 203 9.2.1 Model and Equations 203 9.2.2 Parameter Determination 205 9.2.3 Absorption Lag Time 210 9.2.4 Flip-Flop Model and Sustained-Release Preparations 212 9.2.5 Determinants of Tmax and Cmax 212 9.3 Modified Release and Gastric Retention Formulations 214 9.3.1 Impact of the Stomach 214 9.3.2 Moisture in the Gastrointestinal Tract 215 9.4 Bioavailability 215 9.4.1 Bioavailability Parameters 215 9.4.2 Absolute Bioavailability 217 9.4.3 Relative Bioavailability 217 9.4.4 Bioequivalence 217 9.4.5 Single-Dose Crossover Parallel and Steady-State Study Designs 219 9.4.6 Example Bioavailability Analysis 219 9.5 In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation 219 9.5.1 Definitions 219 9.5.2 Assumptions 220 9.5.3 Utility 220 9.5.4 Immediate Release IVIVC 220 9.5.5 Modified Release IVIVC 221 9.6 Simulation Exercise 222 Problems 223 References 224 10 Introduction to Noncompartmental Analysis 225Sara E. Rosenbaum 10.1 Introduction 225 10.2 Mean Residence Time 226 10.3 Determination of Other Important Pharmacokinetic Parameters 229 10.4 Different Routes of Administration 231 10.5 Application of Noncompartmental Analysis to Clinical Studies 232 Problems 234 11 Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Infusion in a One-Compartment Model 237Sara E. Rosenbaum 11.1 Introduction 238 11.2 Model and Equations 239 11.2.1 Basic Equation 239 11.2.2 Application of the Basic Equation 241 11.2.3 Simulation Exercise: Part 1 241 11.3 Steady-State Plasma Concentration 242 11.3.1 Equation for Steady-State Plasma Concentrations 242 11.3.2 Application of the Equation 242 11.3.3 Basic Formula Revisited 243 11.3.4 Factors Controlling Steady-State Plasma Concentration 243 11.3.5 Time to Steady State 244 11.3.6 Simulation Exercise: Part 2 245 11.4 Loading Dose 246 11.4.1 Loading-Dose Equation 246 11.4.2 Simulation Exercise: Part 3 248 11.5 Termination of Infusion 248 11.5.1 Equations for Termination Before and After Steady State 248 11.5.2 Simulation Exercise: Part 4 249 11.6 Individualization of Dosing Regimens 249 11.6.1 Initial Doses 249 11.6.2 Monitoring and Individualizing Therapy 250 Problems 252 12 Multiple Intravenous Bolus Injections in the One-Compartment Model 255Sara E. Rosenbaum 12.1 Introduction 256 12.2 Terms and Symbols Used in Multiple-Dosing Equations 257 12.3 Monoexponential Decay During a Dosing Interval 259 12.3.1 Calculation of Dosing Interval to Give Specific Steady-State Peaks and Troughs 260 12.4 Basic Pharmacokinetic Equations for Multiple Doses 260 12.4.1 Principle of Superposition 260 12.4.2 Equations that Apply Before Steady State 261 12.5 Steady State 262 12.5.1 Steady-State Equations 263 12.5.2 Average Plasma Concentration at Steady State 264 12.5.3 Fluctuation 267 12.5.4 Accumulation 267 12.5.5 Time to Reach Steady State 269 12.5.6 Loading Dose 270 12.6 Basic Formula Revisited 270 12.7 Pharmacokinetic-Guided Dosing Regimen Design 270 12.7.1 General Considerations for Selection of the Dosing Interval 270 12.7.2 Protocols for Pharmacokinetic-Guided Dosing Regimens 272 12.8 Simulation Exercise 276 Problems 277 Reference 278 13 Multiple Intermittent Infusions 279Sara E. Rosenbaum 13.1 Introduction 279 13.2 Steady-State Equations for Multiple Intermittent Infusions 281 13.3 Monoexponential Decay During a Dosing Interval: Determination of Peaks Troughs and Elimination Half-Life 284 13.3.1 Determination of Half-Life 284 13.3.2 Determination of Peaks and Troughs 286 13.4 Determination of the Volume of Distribution 286 13.5 Individualization of Dosing Regimens 289 13.6 Simulation 289 Problems 290 14 Multiple Oral Doses 293Sara E. Rosenbaum 14.1 Introduction 293 14.2 Steady-State Equations 294 14.2.1 Time to Peak Steady-State Plasma Concentration 295 14.2.2 Maximum Steady-State Plasma Concentration 296 14.2.3 Minimum Steady-State Plasma Concentration 296 14.2.4 Average Steady-State Plasma Concentration 296 14.2.5 Overall Effect of Absorption Parameters on a Steady-State Dosing Interval 297 14.3 Equations Used Clinically to Individualize Oral Doses 298 14.3.1 Protocol to Select an Appropriate Equation 298 14.4 Simulation Exercise 300 References 301 15 Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics 303Sara E. Rosenbaum 15.1 Linear Pharmacokinetics 304 15.2 Nonlinear Processes in Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Elimination 306 15.3 Pharmacokinetics of Capacity-Limited Metabolism 307 15.3.1 Kinetics of Enzymatic Processes 307 15.3.2 Plasma Concentration–Time Profile 309 15.4 Phenytoin 310 15.4.1 Basic Equation for Steady State 311 15.4.2 Estimation of Doses and Plasma Concentrations 313 15.4.3 Influence of Km and Vmax and Factors That Affect These Parameters 314 15.4.4 Time to Eliminate the Drug 316 15.4.5 Time to Reach Steady State 317 15.4.6 Individualization of Doses of Phenytoin 318 Problems 321 References 322 16 Introduction to Pharmacogenetics 323Dr. Daniel Brazeau 16.1 Introduction 324 16.2 Genetics Primer 324 16.2.1 Basic Terminology: Genes Alleles Loci and Polymorphism 324 16.2.2 Population Genetics: Allele and Genotype Frequencies 326 16.2.3 Quantitative Genetics and Complex Traits 327 16.3 Pharmacogenetics 328 16.3.1 Pharmacogenetics of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes 330 16.3.2 Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters 333 16.4 Genetics and Pharmacodynamics 334 16.4.1 Drug Target Pharmacogenetics 334 16.5 Summary 335 Reference 335 Suggested Readings 335 17 Models Used to Predict Drug–Drug Interactions for Orally Administered Drugs 337Sara E. Rosenbaum 17.1 Introduction 338 17.2 Mathematical Models for Inhibitors and Inducers of Drug Metabolism Based on In Vitro Data 340 17.2.1 Reversible Inhibition 340 17.2.2 Time-Dependent Inhibition 341 17.2.3 Induction 345 17.3 Surrogate In Vivo Values for the Unbound Concentration of the Perpetrator at the Site of Action 345 17.3.1 Surrogate Measures of Hepatic Inhibitor and Inducer Concentrations 346 17.3.2 Surrogate Measures of Intestinal Inhibitor and Inducer Concentrations 346 17.4 Models Used to Predict DDIs In Vivo 347 17.4.1 Introduction 347 17.4.2 Basic Predictive Models: R Values 348 17.4.3 Predictive Models Incorporating Parallel Pathways of Elimination (fm) 350 17.4.4 Models Incorporating Intestinal Extraction 354 17.4.5 Models Combining Multiple Actions of Perpetrators 358 17.5 Predictive Models for Transporter-Based DDIs 359 17.5.1 Kinetics of Drug Transporters 359 17.6 Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models to DDI Prediction: The Dynamic Approach 362 17.7 Conclusion 362 Problems 363 References 364 18 Introduction to Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling 367Sara E. Rosenbaum 18.1 Introduction 368 18.2 Components of PBPK Models 369 18.3 Equations for PBPK Models 369 18.4 Building a PBPK Model 373 18.5 Simulations 377 18.6 Estimation of Human Drug-Specific Parameters 378 18.6.1 Tissue Plasma Partition Coefficient 379 18.6.2 Volume of Distribution 379 18.6.3 Clearance 380 18.7 More Detailed PBPK Models 381 18.7.1 Permeability-Limited Distribution 381 18.7.2 Drug Transporters 383 18.7.3 Models for Oral Absorption 386 18.7.4 Reduced Models 387 18.8 Application of PBPK Models 387 References 388 19 Introduction to Pharmacodynamic Models and Integrated Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models 391Drs. Diane Mould and Paul Hutson 19.1 Introduction 392 19.2 Classic Pharmacodynamic Models Based on Receptor Theory 393 19.2.1 Receptor Binding 394 19.2.2 Concentration-Response Models 395 19.3 Direct Effect Pharmacodynamic Models 402 19.3.1 Emax and Sigmoidal Emax Models 402 19.3.2 Inhibitory Imax and Sigmoidal Imax Models 404 19.3.3 Linear Adaptations of the Emax and Imax Model 404 19.4 Integrated PK–PD Models: Intravenous Bolus Injection in the One-Compartment Model and the Sigmoidal Emax Model 406 19.4.1 Simulation Exercise 409 19.5 Pharmacodynamic Drug–Drug Interactions 410 19.5.1 Simulation Exercise 410 Problems 411 References 412 20 Semimechanistic Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models 413Drs. Diane Mould and Paul Hutson 20.1 Introduction 414 20.2 Hysteresis and the Effect Compartment 416 20.2.1 Simulation Exercise 419 20.3 Physiological Turnover Models and Their Characteristics 419 20.3.1 Points of Drug Action 421 20.3.2 System Recovery After Change in Baseline Value 421 20.4 Indirect Effect Models 422 20.4.1 Introduction 422 20.4.2 Characteristics of Indirect Effect Drug Responses 424 20.4.3 Characteristics of Indirect Effect Models Illustrated Using Model I 426 20.5 Other Indirect Effect Models 432 20.5.1 Transit Compartment Models 435 20.5.2 Model for Hematological Toxicity of Anticancer Drugs 439 20.5.3 Alternate Parameterizations of Transit Models 442 20.6 Models of Tolerance 442 20.6.1 Introduction to Pharmacologic Tolerance 442 20.6.2 Counter-Regulatory Force Tolerance Model 444 20.6.3 Precursor Pool Model of Tolerance 447 20.7 Irreversible Drug Effects 450 20.7.1 Application of the Turnover Model to Irreversible Drug Action 450 20.8 Disease Progression Models 452 20.8.1 Drug Pharmacokinetics 452 20.8.2 Pharmacodynamics 452 20.8.3 Disease Activity Models 453 20.8.4 Disease Progression Models 453 Problems 459 References 465 Appendix A Review of Exponents and Logarithms 469Sara E. Rosenbaum A.1 Exponents 469 A.2 Logarithms: Log and Ln 470 A.3 Performing Calculations in the Logarithmic Domain 471 A.3.1 Multiplication 471 A.3.2 Division 472 A.3.3 Reciprocals 472 A.3.4 Exponents 472 A.4 Calculations Using Exponential Expressions and Logarithms 472 A.5 Decay Function: e−kt 474 A.6 Growth Function: 1 − e−kt 475 A.7 Decay Function in Pharmacokinetics 475 Problems 476 Appendix B Rates of Processes 479Sara E. Rosenbaum B.1 Introduction 479 B.2 Order of a Rate Process 480 B.3 Zero-Order Processes 480 B.3.1 Equation for Zero-Order Filling 480 B.3.2 Equation for Zero-Order Emptying 481 B.3.3 Time for Zero-Order Emptying to Go to 50% Completion 481 B.4 First-Order Processes 482 B.4.1 Equation for a First-Order Process 482 B.4.2 Time for 50% Completion: the Half-Life 483 B.5 Comparison of Zero- and First-Order Processes 484 B.6 Detailed Example of First-Order Decay in Pharmacokinetics 484 B.6.1 Equations and Semilogarithmic Plots 484 B.6.2 Half-Life 485 B.6.3 Fraction or Percent Completion of a First-Order Process Using First-Order Elimination as an Example 485 B.7 Examples of the Application of First-Order Kinetics to Pharmacokinetics 487 Appendix C Creation of Excel Worksheets for Pharmacokinetic Analysis 489Sara E. Rosenbaum C.1 Measurement of AUC and Clearance 489 C.1.1 Trapezoidal Rule 490 C.1.2 Excel Spreadsheet to Determine AUC0→∞ and Clearance 491 C.2 Analysis of Data from an Intravenous Bolus Injection in a One-Compartment Model 494 C.3 Analysis of Data from an Intravenous Bolus Injection in a Two-Compartment Model 496 C.4 Analysis of Oral Data in a One-Compartment Model 498 C.5 Noncompartmental Analysis of Oral Data 501 Appendix D Derivation of Equations for Multiple Intravenous Bolus Injections 505Sara E. Rosenbaum D.1 Assumptions 505 D.2 Basic Equation for Plasma Concentration After Multiple Intravenous Bolus Injections 505 D.3 Steady-State Equations 508 Appendix E Enzyme Kinetics: Michaelis–Menten Equation and Models for Inhibitors and Inducers of Drug Metabolism 509Sara E. Rosenbaum and Roberta S. King E.1 Kinetics of Drug Metabolism: The Michaelis–Menten Model 510 E.1.1 Overview 510 E.1.2 Assumptions for Validity of Michaelis–Menten Model 510 E.1.3 Km and Vmax 511 E.1.4 Derivation of the Michaelis–Menten Equation 511 E.1.5 Summary, Practical Considerations, and Interpretations 513 E.1.6 Relationship Between Intrinsic Clearance and the Michaelis–Menten Parameters 514 E.2 Effect of Perpetrators of DDI on Enzyme Kinetics and Intrinsic Clearance 515 E.2.1 Reversible Inhibition 515 E.2.2 Time-Dependent Inhibition 518 E.2.3 Enzyme Induction 524 References 526 Appendix F Summary of the Properties of the Fictitious Drugs Used in the Text 527Sara E. Rosenbaum Appendix G Computer Simulation Models 529Sara E. Rosenbaum Glossary of Terms 531 Index 537
£62.06
John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABC of COPD 3e
Book SynopsisThe third edition of the ABC of COPD provides the entire multidisciplinary team across both primary and secondary care with an up-to-date, easy to read and accessible account of this common lung disorder.Table of ContentsContributors vii Foreword ix Peter J. Barnes 1 Definition Epidemiology and Risk Factors 1Graham S. Devereux 2 Pathology and Pathogenesis 6William MacNee and Roberto A. Rabinovich 3 Diagnosis 13Graeme P. Currie David R. Miller and Mahendran Chetty 4 Spirometry 20Claire Fotheringham 5 Smoking Cessation 27Sanjay Agrawal and John R. Britton 6 Non]pharmacological Management 34Waleed Salih and Stuart Schembri 7 Pharmacological Management I – Inhaled Treatment 41Graeme P. Currie and Brian J. Lipworth 8 Pharmacological Management II – Oral Treatment 50Graeme P. Currie and Brian J. Lipworth 9 Drug Delivery Devices 56Morag Reilly Graham Douglas and Graeme P. Currie 10 Surgical and Interventional Strategies 69James L. Lordan 11 Oxygen 75Graham Douglas Margaret Macleod and Graeme P. Currie 12 Exacerbations 81Graeme P. Currie 13 Ventilatory Support 88Paul K. Plant Stephen Stott and Graeme P. Currie 14 Primary Care 95Cathy Jackson 15 Death Dying and End]of]Life Issues 101Gordon Linklater 16 Future Treatments 108Peter J. Barnes Index 113
£31.30
John Wiley and Sons Ltd The Cardiovascular System at a Glance
Book SynopsisEverything you need to know about the cardiovascular system...at a Glance! The Cardiovascular System at a Glanceis the essential reference guide to understanding all things circulatory. Concise, accessible, and highly illustrated, this latest edition presents an integrated overview of the subject, from the basics through to application. Featuring brand new content on stroke, examination and imaging, heart block and ECGs, and myopathies and channelopathies,The Cardiovascular System at a Glancegoes one step further and offers new and updated clinical case studies and multiple-choice questions on a supplementary website. Integrates basic science and clinical topics Offers bite-size chapters that make topics easy to digest Includes coverage of anatomy and histology, blood and haemostasis, cellular physiology, form and function, regulation and integration of cardiovascular function, history, examination and investigations,Table of ContentsPreface vii Recommended reading viii Sources of illustrations ix Acknowledgements x List of abbreviations xi About the companion website xiii Introduction 1 1 Overview of the cardiovascular system 2 Anatomy and histology 5 2 Gross anatomy and histology of the heart 6 3 Vascular anatomy 8 4 Vascular histology and smooth muscle cell ultrastructure 10 Blood and body fluids 13 5 Constituents of blood 14 6 Erythropoiesis, haemoglobin and anaemia 16 7 Haemostasis 18 8 Thrombosis and anticoagulants 20 9 Blood groups and transfusions 22 Cellular physiology 25 10 Membrane potential, ion channels and pumps 26 11 Electrophysiology of cardiac muscle and origin of the heartbeat 28 12 Cardiac muscle excitation–contraction coupling 30 13 Electrical conduction system in the heart 32 14 The electrocardiogram 34 15 Vascular smooth muscle excitation–contraction coupling 36 Form and function 39 16 Cardiac cycle 40 17 Control of cardiac output 42 18 Haemodynamics 44 19 Blood pressure and flow in the arteries and arterioles 46 20 The microcirculation and lymphatic system and diapedesis 48 21 Fluid filtration in the microcirculation 50 22 The venous system 52 23 Local control of blood flow 54 24 Regulation of the vasculature by the endothelium 56 25 The pulmonary, skeletal muscle and fetal circulations 58 26 The coronary, cutaneous and cerebral circulations 60 Integration and regulation 63 27 Cardiovascular reflexes 64 28 Autonomic control of the cardiovascular system 66 29 The control of blood volume 68 30 Cardiovascular effects of exercise 70 31 Shock and haemorrhage 72 History, examination and investigations 75 32 History and examination of the cardiovascular system 76 33 Cardiac imaging 78 Pathology and therapeutics 81 34 Risk factors for cardiovascular disease 82 35 β‐blockers, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers and Ca2+ channel blockers 84 36 Hyperlipidaemias 86 37 Atherosclerosis 88 38 Mechanisms of primary hypertension 90 39 Treatment of hypertension 92 40 Stable, microvascular, and vasospastic angina 94 41 Pharmacological management of stable, microvascular and vasospastic angina 96 42 Non‐ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE‐ACS) 98 43 Coronary revascularisation 100 44 Pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction 102 45 ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) 104 46 Heart failure 106 47 Treatment of chronic heart failure 108 48 Mechanisms of tachyarrhythmia 112 49 Atrial fibrillation 114 50 Other supraventricular arrhythmias 118 51 Ventricular tachyarrhythmias and their non‐pharmacological management 120 52 Pharmacological treatment of tachyarrhythmias 122 53 Conduction system abnormalities and pacing 124 54 Diseases of the aortic valve 126 55 Diseases of the mitral valve 128 56 Congenital heart disease 130 57 Cardiomyopathies and channelopathies 132 58 Pulmonary hypertension 134 59 Stroke 136 Index 139
£30.35
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Physiology at a Glance
Book SynopsisExtensively revised and updated, this fourth edition of Physiology at a Glance continues to provide a thorough introduction to human physiology, covering a wealth of topics in a comprehensive yet succinct manner.Table of ContentsPreface vii Acknowledgements viii Abbreviations ix About the companion website xi Part 1 Introduction 1 1 Homeostasis and the physiology of proteins 2 2 Body water compartments and physiological fluids 4 3 Cells, membranes and organelles 6 4 Membrane transport and ion channels 8 5 Biological electricity 10 6 Conduction of action potentials 12 7 Cell signalling 14 8 The autonomic nervous system 16 9 Blood 18 10 Platelets and haemostasis 20 11 Defence: inflammation and immunity 22 12 Principles of diffusion and flow 24 13 Thermoregulation 26 14 Altitude and aerospace physiology 28 Part 2 Muscles 31 15 Skeletal muscle and its contraction 32 16 Neuromuscular junction and whole muscle contraction 34 17 Motor units, recruitment and summation 36 18 Cardiac and smooth muscle 38 Part 3 The cardiovascular system 41 19 Introduction to the cardiovascular system 42 20 The heart 44 21 The cardiac cycle 46 22 Initiation of the heart beat and excitation–contraction coupling 48 23 Control of cardiac output and Starling’s law of the heart 50 24 Blood vessels 52 25 Control of blood pressure and blood volume 54 26 The microcirculation, filtration and lymphatics 56 27 Local control of blood flow and specific circulations 58 Part 4 The respiratory system 61 28 Introduction to the respiratory system 62 29 Lung mechanics 64 30 Transport of gases and the gas laws 66 31 Carriage of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood 68 32 Control of breathing 70 33 Ventilation–perfusion matching and right to left shunts 72 Part 5 The renal system 75 34 Introduction to the renal system 76 35 Renal filtration 78 36 Reabsorption, secretion and the proximal tubule 80 37 The loop of Henle and distal nephron 82 38 Regulation of plasma osmolality and fluid volume 84 39 Control of acid–base status 86 Part 6 The gut and metabolism 89 40 Gastrointestinal tract: overview and the mouth 90 41 Oesophagus and stomach 92 42 Small intestine 94 43 The exocrine pancreas, liver and gallbladder 96 44 Large intestine 98 Part 7 Endocrinology and reproduction 101 45 Endocrine control 102 46 Control of metabolic fuels 104 47 The hypothalamus and pituitary gland 106 48 Thyroid hormones and metabolic rate 108 49 Growth factors 110 50 Somatic and skeletal growth 112 51 Control of plasma calcium 114 52 The adrenal glands and stress 116 53 Endocrine control of reproduction 118 54 Sexual differentiation and function 120 55 Fertilization, pregnancy and parturition 122 56 Lactation 124 Part 8 The sensory and motor systems 127 57 Introduction to sensory systems 128 58 Sensory receptors 130 59 Special senses: taste and smell 132 60 Special senses: vision 134 61 Special senses: hearing and balance 136 62 Motor control and the cerebellum 138 63 Proprioception and reflexes 140 Glossary 142 Appendix I Comparison of the properties of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle 144 Appendix II Normal physiological values 145 Index 148
£30.35
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Medicine at a Glance
Book Synopsis
£36.09
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Medicine at a Glance
Book Synopsis
£24.65
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Pathology at a Glance
Book SynopsisFollowing the familiar, easy-to-use at a Glance format and in full-colour, Pathology at a Glance is an accessible introduction and revision text for medical students. Reflecting changes to the curriculum content and assessment methods employed by medical schools, this new edition provides a user-friendly overview of pathology to encapsulate all that the student needs to know. Pathology at a Glance, Second Edition: Addresses the key principles of pathology that are central to medicine Contains full-colour artwork throughout, making the subject easy to understand Presents schematic diagrams on the left page and concise explanations on the right Is divided into three sections, covering general and systematic pathology and clinical case examples Contains self-assessment material, including 10 structured case study questions Covers general pathology mechanisms and the clinical pathology of body syTable of ContentsPreface 8 Abbreviations 9 Introduction 1 The normal human cell 14 2 Fluid dynamics 18 Tissue damage 3 Tissue types and the effect of tissue damage 22 4 Cell death 26 5 Harmful agents in the environment 28 6 The effects of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs 32 7 Nutritional disorders 36 Inflammation and immunity 8 The body’s natural defences 40 9 B cells and immunoglobulins 44 10 T cells and the TCR 46 11 The major histocompatibility complex 50 12 Primary and secondary lymphoid organs and the monocyte–macrophage (reticuloendothelial) system 52 13 Acute inflammation 56 14 Chronic inflammation 60 15 Wound healing and repair 62 16 Infection and immunodeficiency 64 17 Shock 68 18 Tolerance and autoimmune disease 72 19 Hypersensitivity reactions 76 20 Overview of inflammation and immunity 80 Genetics 21 Cell division 84 22 Genetic disease 86 Neoplasia 23 Disordered cell growth 92 24 Basic concepts in neoplasia 96 25 Tumorigenesis and oncogenesis 100 26 Oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes 102 27 Common carcinoma histological subtypes 106 28 Tumour prognosis and treatment 108 Methods in histocytopathology 29 Basic techniques in histopathology 112 30 Cytopathology 116 31 Molecular pathology 118 Multisystems disease 32 Sarcoidosis and syphilis 122 33 Wilson’s disease and haemochromatosis 124 34 Systemic vasculitis 126 Cardiovascular disease 35 Normal blood vessels and types of aneurysm 130 36 Congenital heart disease 134 37 Systemic hypertension 136 38 Atherosclerosis 138 39 Coronary heart disease 142 40 Thrombosis 146 41 Embolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation 150 42 Cardiac valvular disease 154 43 Myocardial and pericardial disease 156 Respiratory disease 44 Pulmonary vascular disorders 160 45 Pneumonia 162 46 Bronchiectasis 164 47 Tuberculosis 166 48 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 170 49 Fibrosing alveolitis 172 50 Primary lung carcinoma 174 51 Other tumours of the lung and pleura 176 Gastrointestinal tract disease 52 Malabsorption 180 53 Peptic ulceration and Helicobacter pylori 184 54 Oesophageal disease 188 55 Tumours of the stomach and small intestine 192 56 Mechanical disease of the gastrointestinal tract 196 57 Inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease 198 58 Colorectal polyps, colorectal cancer and anal carcinoma 202 Hepatic and pancreaticobiliary disease 59 Normal liver and the effects of liver damage 208 60 Jaundice, gallstones and carcinoma of the gallbladder 210 61 Fatty liver disease: alcoholic and non-alcoholic 212 62 Autoimmune liver disease: AIH, PBC, PSC 216 63 Viral hepatitis 220 64 Cirrhosis 224 65 Acute and chronic pancreatitis 228 66 Tumours of the liver, biliary tree and pancreas 232 Genitourinary tract disease 67 Congenital and inherited abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract 236 68 The nephron and renal aspects of hypertension 240 69 Glomerulonephritis 242 70 Important types of glomerulonephritis 244 71 Tubulointerstitial diseases 248 72 Renal neoplasms 252 73 Bladder tumours 254 74 Testicular cancer 256 75 Prostatic disease 258 Gynaecological and obstetric disease 76 Vulval and vaginal pathology 262 77 Cervical cancer 266 78 Benign uterine conditions 270 79 Uterine malignancies 272 80 Ovarian neoplasia: part one 274 81 Ovarian neoplasia: part two 278 82 Obstetric pathology 280 83 Paediatric tumours 284 Nervous system disease 84 Cerebrovascular accidents 288 85 Cerebrovascular accident syndromes 290 86 Raised intracranial pressure 292 87 Traumatic injury and intracranial haemorrhage 294 88 Central nervous system tumours 296 89 Infections of the nervous system 298 90 Movement disorders 300 91 Acquired disorders of myelination 304 92 Dementia 306 Endocrine disease 93 Pituitary pathology 310 94 Non-neoplastic pathology of the thyroid 312 95 Thyroid neoplasms 314 96 Parathyroid gland pathology 316 97 Adrenal pathology 318 98 Diabetes mellitus 320 Head and neck pathology 99 Head and neck pathology 324 Lymphoreticular disease 100 Assorted haematological conditions 328 101 Leukaemia 330 102 Lymphoma 332 103 Myeloma 336 104 Myeloproliferative disorders 338 Musculoskeletal disease 105 Muscle disorders 342 106 Arthritis 344 107 Miscellaneous non-neoplastic osteoarticular pathology 348 108 Bone tumours 352 Skin disease 109 Inflammatory dermatoses 356 110 Benign skin tumours 358 111 Malignant skin tumours 360 Breast disease 112 Benign breast disease 364 113 Breast carcinoma 366 Case studies and questions 368 Answers 373 Glossary 378 Reference ranges 380 Index 381
£34.15
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Atlas of Endoscopic Ultrasonography
Book SynopsisAtlas of Endoscopic Ultrasonography Atlas of Endoscopic Ultrasonography, Second Edition offers an outstanding visual guide to this very common diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic tool. With contributions from noted experts in the field, the Atlas contains 400 high-quality color and black and white images obtained from real cases, each accompanied by detailed annotation to aid readers in their understanding of this popular technical procedure. In addition, there is a companion website featuring 50 video clips of real-life procedures in action, as well as the entire collection of images from within the book. Updated throughout to include the most recent advances in interventional Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) guided therapies Contains a large collection of color images obtained from both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, also available on the companion website image bank Provides a highly integrated and accessible multimedia intTable of ContentsContributors, vii Preface, xi About the Companion Website, xii Part 1 Normal EUS Anatomy, 1 1 Normal Human Anatomy, 3 John C. Deutsch 2 Esophagus: Radial and Linear, 10 James L. Wise and John C. Deutsch 3 Normal Mediastinal Anatomy by EUS and EBUS, 14 Juan Corral, Sebastian Fernandez‐Bussy, and Michael B. Wallace 4 Stomach: Radial and Linear, 19 Joo Ha Hwang 5 Bile Duct: Radial and Linear, 22 Kapil Gupta 6 EUS of the Normal Pancreas, 25 Richard A. Erickson and James T. Sing, Jr. 7 Liver, Spleen, and Kidneys: Radial and Linear, 30 Nalini M. Guda and Marc F. Catalano 8 Anatomy of the Anorectum: Radial and Linear, 33 Christoph F. Dietrich Part 2 Upper and Lower GI EUS, 37 9 Esophageal Cancer, 39 Armen Eskandari and Syed M. Abbas Fehmi 10 EUS for Achalasia, 46 Michael Chang 11 Malignant Mediastinal Lesions, 49 M. Babitha Reddy, David H. Robbins, and Mohamad A. Eloubeidi 12 Benign Mediastinal Lesions, 51 M. Babitha Reddy, David H. Robbins, and Mohamad A. Eloubeidi 13 Gastric Cancer, 53 Douglas O. Faigel and Sarah A. Rodriguez 14 Gastric and Esophageal Subepithelial Masses, 58 Muhammad Tahir and Andrew J. Bain 15 Anorectal Neoplasia, 67 Manoop S. Bhutani and Everson L.A. Artifon 16 Anal Sphincter Disease: Fecal Incontinence and Fistulas, 72 Raymond S. Tang and Thomas J. Savides 17 Endometriosis, 78 Jose Celso Ardengh, Juan Pablo Roman Serrano, Samuel Galante Romanini, Juliana Silveira Lima de Castro, and Isabela Trindade Torres 18 Vascular Anomalies and Abnormalities, 88 John C. Deutsch Part 3 Pancreatico-biliary, 93 19 Duodenal and Ampullary Neoplasia, 95 Brenna Casey and Kumar Krishnan 20 Biliary Tract Pathology, 98 Brenna Casey and Kumar Krishnan 21 Gallbladder Pathology, 101 Sam Yoselevitz and Ann Marie Joyce 22 Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, 104 Douglas G. Adler 23 Pancreatic Malignancy (Non‐adenocarcinoma), 108 Larissa Fujii‐Lau, Michael J. Levy, and Suresh T. Chari 24 Autoimmune Pancreatitis, 113 Larissa Fujii‐Lau, Michael J. Levy, and Suresh T. Chari 25 Pancreatic Cystic Lesions: The Role of EUS, 117 William R. Brugge 26 Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: The Role of EUS, 121 William R. Brugge 27 Chronic Pancreatitis, 125 David G. Forcione 28 Liver Pathology, 130 Indraneel Chakrabarty and Ann Marie Joyce Part 4 How to Section, 135 29 How to Interpret EUS‐FNA Cytology, 137 Cynthia Behling 30 How to do Mediastinal FNA, 146 Sammy Ho 31 How to do Pancreatic Mass FNA, 150 Yunseok Namn and Jonathan M. Buscaglia 32 How to do Pancreatic Cyst FNA, 155 Ahmad Najdat Bazarbashi and Linda S. Lee 33 How to do Pancreatic Pseudocyst Drainage, 160 Shyam Varadarajulu and Vinay Dhir 34 How to do EUS‐guided Pancreatic Cyst Chemoablation, 165 Matthew T. Moyer and John M. DeWitt 35 How to do Celiac Plexus Block, 173 Sam M. Serouya and Adam J. Goodman 36 How to Place Fiducials for Radiation Therapy, 176 Antonio R. Cheesman, Satish Nagula, and Christopher J. DiMaio 37 How to Inject Chemotherapeutic Agents, 179 V. Raman Muthusamy and Kenneth J. Chang 38 How to do EUS‐guided Pelvic Abscess Drainage, 182 Shyam Varadarajulu and Sandeep Lakhtakia 39 How to do Doppler Probe EUS for Bleeding, 186 Richard C.K. Wong 40 How to do Endoscopic Ultrasound‐guided Portal Pressure Gradient Measurement, 194 Rintaro Hashimoto and Kenneth J. Chang 41 How to do Endoscopic Ultrasound‐guided Liver Biopsy, 197 David L. Diehl 42 How to do EUS‐guided Treatment of Gastric Varices, 202 Dalton Marques Chaves and Filipe Tomishige Chaves 43 How to do EUS‐guided Arterial Embolization, 205 Marc Barthet and Jean‐Michel Gonzalez 44 How to do EUS‐guided Radiofrequency Ablation of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors, 209 Marc Barthet, Mohamed Gasmi, and Jean‐Michel Gonzalez 45 How to do EUS Pancreatic Duct Access and Drainage, 214 Alberto Larghi, Mihai Rimbas, and Mauricio K. Minata 46 How to do EUS Gallbladder Drainage, 220 Shannon Melissa Chan and Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh 47 How to do an EUS‐guided Gastrojejunostomy, 226 Sohini Sameera and Michel Kahaleh 48 How to do EUS Elastography, 229 Julio Iglesias‐Garcia, Jose Larino‐Noia, Daniel de la Iglesia‐Garcia, and J. Enrique Dominguez‐Munoz 49 How to do Contrast‐enhanced EUS, 237 Yasunobu Yamashita and Masayuki Kitano 50 How to do EUS‐guided Ablation of Pancreatic Neurendocrine Tumors, 248 Sabrina Gloria Giulia Testoni, Gemma Rossi, Livia Archibugi, and Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono, 248 51 How to do EUS‐guided Needle Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy of Pancreatic Cysts, 254 Prashant Bhenswala and Frank G. Gress 52 How to use ex vivo Models in Teaching Therapeutic Endoscopic Ultrasound, 256 Spencer Cheng, Mauricio K. Minata, Carlos K. Furuya, and Edson Ide 53 How to do Endoscopic Necrosectomy, 265 Wilson T. Kwong 54 How to Perform Pancreatic Mass Fine Needle Biopsy, 270 Ahmad Najdat Bazarbashi and Linda S. Lee 55 How to Perform Endoscopic Ultrasound‐directed Transgastric Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (EDGE), 274 M. Phillip Fejleh and Wilson T. Kwong Index, 278
£138.56
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Manual of Perioperative Care in Adult Cardiac
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface ix Acknowledgments xi 1. Synopsis of Adult Cardiac Surgical Disease 1 2. Diagnostic Techniques in Cardiac Surgery 121 3. General Preoperative Considerations and Preparation of the Patient for Surgery 173 4. Cardiac Anesthesia 217 5. Cardiopulmonary Bypass 283 6. Myocardial Protection 323 7. Admission to the ICU and Monitoring Techniques 341 8. Early Postoperative Care 363 9. Mediastinal Bleeding 417 10. Respiratory Management 457 11. Cardiovascular Management 513 12. Fluid Management, Renal, Metabolic, and Endocrine Problems 673 13. Post-ICU Care and Other Complications 737 Appendices 843 Appendix 1A American College of Cardiology Classes of Recommendation and Levels of Evidence 845 Appendix 1B New York Heart Association Functional Classification 845 Appendix 1C The Canadian Cardiovascular Society Classification for Grading of Angina 846 Appendix 1D Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) Profiles of Advanced Heart Failure 847 Appendix 2 Typical Preoperative Order Sheet 848 Appendix 3 Cardiac Surgery Preoperative Assessment Checklist 850 Appendix 4 Typical Orders for Admission to the ICU 851 Appendix 5 Typical Transfer Orders from the ICU 854 Appendix 6 Hyperglycemia Protocol for Cardiac Surgery Patients 857 Appendix 7 Heparinization Protocol for Cardiac Surgery Patients 859 Appendix 8 Protocol for Initiating Warfarin 860 Appendix 9 INR Reversal Protocol 861 Appendix 10A The CHA2DS2-VASc Score 862 Appendix 10B The HAS-BLED Score 863 Appendix 11 Drug, Food, and Dietary Supplement Interactions with Warfarin 864 Appendix 12 Doses of Parenteral Medications Commonly Used in the ICU and Their Modifications in Renal Failure 865 Appendix 13 Doses of Nonparenteral Drugs Commonly Used After Heart Surgery and Their Modifications in Renal Failure 868 Appendix 14 Definitions from the STS Data Specifications (Version 4.20 2020) 874 Appendix 15 Body Surface Area Nomogram 879 Appendix 16 Body Mass Index Chart 880 Appendix 17 Aortic Size Index for Thoracic Aneurysms 881 Appendix 18 Aortic Height Index for Thoracic Aneurysms 882 Appendix 19 Aortic Height and Length Index for Thoracic Aneurysms 883 Appendix 20 Technique of Thoracentesis 884 Appendix 21 Technique for Tube Thoracostomy 885 Index 887
£55.76
John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABC of Dementia
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsList of Contributors vii Introduction ix 1 Dementia in the UK 1Bernard Coope 2 Causes of Dementia 5Georgios Theodoulou and Ranjeev Jaswal 3 Assessment of Dementia 11Bernard Coope and Felicity A. Richards 4 Intervening Early in Dementia 15Bernard Coope and Tanya Jacobs 5 Pharmacological Treatment 19Francis Johnson 6 Dementia and Families 23Jenny La Fontaine 7 Person‐centred Care 29Dawn Brooker 8 Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia (NPSD) 35Carol Bannister 9 Dementia in Younger People 41Peter Bentham 10 Dementia in Primary Care 47Paul French 11 Dementia in the Acute Hospital 51Rod Kersh 12 Dementia and the Law 57Felicity A. Richards and Jelena Jankovic 13 End‐of‐life (EOL) Care in Dementia 63Saskie Dorman and Andy Brogan 14 Dementia in Other Settings 69Michelle Hughes and Rachel Christian‐Edwards Index 73
£26.55
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Principles of Assessment and Outcome Measurement
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsAuthors’ Biography ix Authors Contributing to Case Studies xi Foreword xiii Preface xiv Acknowledgements xviii Introduction 1 Section I Assessment and Measurement in Practice 13 Chapter 1 The Importance of Accurate Assessment and Outcome Measurement 15 Chapter 2 Methods of Assessment and Sources of Assessment Data 49 Chapter 3 Purposes of Assessment and Measurement 100 Chapter 4 What Is Measurement? 131 Chapter 5 Test Administration, Reporting, and Recording 147 Chapter 6 The Importance of Clinical Reasoning and Reflective Practice in Effective Assessment 171 Section 2 Concepts for Assessment and Measurement 229 Chapter 7 Standardisation 231 Chapter 8 Validity and Clinical Utility 243 Chapter 9 Reliability 272 Chapter 10 Selecting and Appraising Assessments and Outcome Measures 295 Section 3 Assessment and Measurement for Service Evaluation and Improvement 335 Chapter 11 Applying Models to Assessment and Outcome Measurement 337 Chapter 12 Implementing the Optimum Assessment and Measurement Approach 376 Chapter 13 Using Assessment and Outcome Measures in Service Evaluation 393 Section 4 Developing and Evaluating Assessments and Outcome Measures 411 Chapter 14 Test Development 413 Chapter 15 Conducting Psychometric Studies 433 Brief Answers to Chapter Review Questions 445 Index 453
£75.00
Wiley Managing Pain in Children and Young People
Book SynopsisMaster paediatric pain management with precision This practical guide equips nurses and healthcare professionals with evidence-based skills to effectively manage children''s pain. Explore assessment techniques, pain relief strategies, and best practices for both hospital and community settings, with a focus on core knowledge, advanced insights, clinical scenarios, and practical tips. The fully updated third edition includes an expanded procedural sedation section, enhanced coverage of capnography for respiratory monitoring, a new quality improvement sciences section, and additional online MCQs and self-assessment material. Written by experienced authors, with contributions from global experts, Managing Pain in Children and Young People covers: Why pain prevention and treatment are crucial Pain''s biopsychosocial nature and pharmacology of analgesic drugs Acute nociceptive, neuropathic, and visceral pain management Chronic he
£38.90
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Practical Transfusion Medicine
Book SynopsisPractical Transfusion Medicine Practical Transfusion Medicine, Sixth Edition The pace of change in transfusion medicine is relentless, with new scientific and technological developments and continuing efforts to improve transfusion practice. This sixth edition of Practical Transfusion Medicine has been updated significantly to reflect the rapid changes in transfusion medicine since the fifth edition was published in 2017. The primary purpose of this edition remains the same as the first: to provide a comprehensive guide to transfusion medicine. This book contains more depth of information than standard handbooks on transfusion medicine, whilst being more concise and approachable than a standard reference text. This book covers the principles of transfusion medicine, the complications of transfusion, practice in blood centres and hospitals and clinical transfusion practice. This sixth edition includes a new section on patient blood management, cellular and tissue therapy, organ transplTable of ContentsList of Contributors ix Preface to the Sixth Edition xvi 1 Introduction: Two Centuries of Progress in Transfusion Medicine 1Walter H. (Sunny) Dzik and Michael F. Murphy Part I Basic Principles of Immunohaematology 11 2 Essential Immunology for Transfusion Medicine 11Gregory A. Denomme 3 Human Blood Group Systems 21Geoff Daniels and Sean Stowell 4 Human Leukocyte Antigens 33H. Cliff Sullivan and Caroline R. Alquist 5 Platelet and Neutrophil Antigens 47Brian R. Curtis 6 Pretransfusion Testing and the Selection of Red Cell Products for Transfusion 64Mark H. Yazer, Meghan Delaney and Gregory A. Denomme Copyrighted Material Part II Complications of Transfusions 77 7 Investigation of Acute Transfusion Reactions 77Heather Leary, Kathryn E. Webert and Nancy M. Heddle 8 Haemolytic Transfusion Reactions 91Edwin J. Massey, Robertson D. Davenport and Richard M. Kaufman 9 Febrile and Allergic Transfusion Reactions 108Sarah K. Harm and Mark K. Fung 10 Transfusion- Associated Circulatory Overload 120Robert B. Klanderman and Alexander P.J. Vlaar 11 Transfusion- Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) 130Alexander P.J. Vlaar and Rick Kapur 12 Purported Adverse Effects of ‘Old Blood’ 145Lirong Qu and Darrell J. Triulzi 13 Transfusion- Induced Immunomodulation 154Neil Blumberg, Majed A. Refaai and Joanna M. Heal 14 Transfusion- Associated Graft- versus- Host Disease and Microchimerism 166Alexandra Budhai, Richard O. Francis and Beth H. Shaz 15 Posttransfusion Purpura 181Michael F. Murphy 16 Heparin- Induced Thrombocytopenia 187Theodore E. Warkentin and Andreas Greinacher 17 Transfusion- Transmitted Infections 206Steven J. Drews and Roger Y. Dodd 18 Bacterial Contamination 221Sandra Ramírez- Arcos and Mindy Goldman 19 Emerging Infections and Transfusion Safety 229Roger Y. Dodd Part III Practice in Blood Centres and Hospitals 238 20 Regulatory Aspects of Blood Transfusion 238Louis M. Katz, Peter Flanagan and William G. Murphy 21 The Role of Hemovigilance in Transfusion Safety 247Katharine A. Downes and Barbee I. Whitaker 22 Donors and Blood Collection 257Marc Germain and Pierre Tiberghien 23 Blood Donation Testing and the Safety of the Blood Supply 269Mindy Goldman and Steven J. Drews 24 Production and Storage of Blood Components 278Marissa Li, Rebecca Cardigan, Stephen Thomas and Ralph Vassallo 25 Blood Transfusion in Hospitals 290Zoe K. McQuilten, Erica M. Wood, Mark H. Yazer and Michael F. Murphy 26 Disaster Preparedness 313Heidi Doughty, Fateha Chowdhury and Richard Rackham 27 Blood Transfusion in a Global Context 324David J. Roberts, Imelda Bates, Stephen P. Field, Aggrey Dhabangi, Jean Pierre Allain and Meghan Delaney Part IV Clinical Transfusion Practice 337 28 Inherited and Acquired Disorders of Haemostasis 337Irina Chibisov, Jansen Seheult and Franklin Bontempo 29 Point- of- Care Haemostasis Testing 353Katrina M. Morgan, Matthew D. Neal, Louis Alarcon and Christine M. Leeper 30 Transfusion in Bleeding Patients 365Aaron S. Hess, Lynn G. Stansbury and John R. Hess 31 Transfusion in Non- Bleeding Medical and Surgical Patients 374Killian Donovan, Akshay Shah, Stuart McKechnie and Simon J. Stanworth 32 Transfusion in Malignant Haematological Disease 385Lise J. Estcourt and Michael F. Murphy 33 Transfusion in Benign Haematological Disease 399Eric Salazar and Christopher A. Tormey 34 Transfusion in Patients with Haemoglobinopathies 409Yvette C. Tanhehco and Patricia A. Shi 35 Transfusing Neonates and Infants 417Marianne E. Yee and Cassandra D. Josephson 36 Immunodeficiency and Immunoglobulin Therapy 426Siraj A. Misbah Part V Patient Blood Management 441 37 Development of a Patient Blood Management Programme 441Jonathan H. Waters 38 Perioperative Patient Blood Management 451Martin Shao Foong Chong, Martin Rooms, Ravishankar Rao Baikady and Toby Richards 39 Restrictive Transfusion Practice and How to Implement It 465Marie A. Hollenhorst and Lawrence Tim Goodnough 40 Using Data to Support Patient Blood Management 476Nadia B. Hensley, Sandaruwani Abeysiri and Steven M. Frank Part VI Cellular Therapy and Transplantation 489 41 Regulation and Accreditation in Cellular Therapy 489Julia Wolf, Zbigniew (Ziggy) M. Szczepiorkowski and James Griffin 42 Stem Cell Collection and Therapeutic Apheresis 504Khaled El- Ghariani and Zbigniew (Ziggy) M. Szczepiorkowski 43 Haemopoietic Stem Cell Processing and Storage 519Akash Gupta and Ronan Foley 44 Haematopoietic Cell Transplantation 531Richard Salisbury, Yisu Gu, Rachael Hough and Robert D. Danby 45 CAR- T Cells and Recent Advances in Clinical Cellular Immunotherapy 543Yisu Gu, Alex Rampotas, Connor Sweeney, David J. Roberts and Ronjon Chakraverty 46 Tissue Banking 554Akila Chandrasekar, Richard Lomas and Paul Rooney Part VII Development of the Evidence Base for Transfusion 561 47 Observational and Interventional Trials in Transfusion Medicine 561Alan T. Tinmouth, Dean Fergusson and Paul C. Hébert 48 Getting the Most Out of the Evidence for Transfusion Medicine and Lessons from the COVID- 19 Pandemic 576Simon J. Stanworth, Susan J. Brunskill, Carolyn Dorée and Yulia Lin 49 A Primer on Biostatistics 590Andrew W. Shih, Na Li, Celina Montemayor and Nancy M. Heddle 50 A Primer on Health Economics 609Seema Kacker and Aaron A. R. Tobian 51 Scanning the Future of Transfusion Medicine 620Jay E. Menitove, Paul M. Ness, Suzanne R. Thibodeaux and Edward L. Snyder Index 632
£117.00
John Wiley and Sons Ltd The Respiratory System at a Glance
Book SynopsisThe Respiratory System at a Glance The market-leading at a Glance series is popular among healthcare students and newly qualified practitioners for its concise, simple approach and excellent illustrations. Each bite-sized chapter is covered in a double-page spread with clear, easy-to-follow diagrams, supported by succinct explanatory text. Covering a wide range of topics, books in the at a Glance series are ideal as introductory texts for teaching, learning and revision, and are useful throughout university and beyond. Everything you need to know about The Respiratory System at a Glance! Highly-illustrated overview of the structure and function of the lungs and airways, with sections on history, examination, pathophysiology, treatment and management Respiratory System at a Glance is a comprehensive guide to normal lung structure and function and associated pathophysiology, featuring key information on all major respiratory disorders. As per the familiar, easy-to-use at a Glance' format, each topic is presented as a double-page spread, with key facts accompanied by clear diagrams that encapsulate essential knowledge. This one-stop' resource has been revised and updated for this 5thedition to include recent advances in our understanding and/or treatment of asthma, COPD, pulmonary vasculitis, sarcoidosis, cystic fibrosis, respiratory infections (including COVID-19), and the most recent national clinical management guidelines. The accompanying website includes self-assessment case studies, flashcards and MCQs to support learning or for review. Respiratory System at a Glance also provides information on: Structure and function of the respiratory system, the thoracic cage and respiratory muscles, gas laws, diffusion, and elastic forcesAcid-base balance and disorders, control of breathing through chemical and neural mechanisms, and pulmonary circulation and ventilation-perfusion matchingExercise, altitude, and diving, complications of development and congenital disease, lung defense mechanisms, and immunology of the lungs Public health and smoking, respiratory failure, and the pathophysiology and management of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other respiratory disorders With accompanying self-assessment clinical cases and multiple-choice questions, The Respiratory System at a Glance is the ideal companion for anyone about to start a respiratory module or rotation, and will appeal to medical students and junior doctors, as well as nurses, dentists, physiotherapists, technicians, and biomedical scientists. For more information on the complete range of Wiley nursing and health publishing, please visit: www.wiley.com To receive automatic updates on Wiley books and journals, join our email list. Sign up today at www.wiley.com/email All content reviewed by students for students Wiley Medical Education books are designed exactly for their intended audience. All of our books are developed in collaboration with students. This means that our books are always published with you, the student, in mind. If you would like to be one of our student reviewers, go to www.reviewmedicalbooks.com to find out more. This new edition is also available as an e-book. For more details, please see www.wiley.comTable of ContentsPreface to Fifth Edition vii Units and Symbols viii Abbreviations x Glossary xiii About the companion website xvi Part 1 Structure and function 1 1 Structure of the respiratory system: lungs, airways and dead space 2 2 The thoracic cage and respiratory muscles 4 3 Pressures and volumes during normal breathing 6 4 Gas laws 8 5 Diffusion 10 6 Lung mechanics: elastic forces 12 7 Lung mechanics: airway resistance 14 8 Carriage of oxygen 16 9 Carriage of carbon dioxide 18 10 Acid–base balance 20 11 Acid–base disorders 22 12 Control of breathing I: chemical mechanisms 24 13 Control of breathing II: neural mechanisms 26 14 Pulmonary circulation and anatomical right- to- left shunts 28 15 Ventilation–perfusion mismatching 30 16 Exercise, high altitude and diving 32 17 Development of the respiratory system and birth 34 18 Complications of development and congenital disease 36 19 Lung defence mechanisms 38 20 Immunology of the lung 40 Part 2 History, examination and investigation 43 21 History and examination 44 22 Pulmonary function tests 46 23 Chest imaging and bronchoscopy 48 Part 3 Diseases and treatment 51 24 Public health and smoking 52 25 Respiratory failure 54 26 Asthma: pathophysiology 56 27 Asthma: treatment 58 28 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 60 29 Pulmonary hypertension 62 30 Venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism 64 31 Pulmonary vasculitis 66 32 Interstitial (diffuse parenchymal) lung disease 68 33 Sarcoidosis 70 34 Pleural diseases 72 35 Occupational and environment- related lung disease 74 36 Cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis 76 37 Pneumothorax 78 38 Community- acquired pneumonia 80 39 Hospital- acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia 82 40 Pulmonary tuberculosis 84 41 The immune- compromised patient 86 42 Lung cancer 88 43 Acute respiratory distress syndrome 90 44 Mechanical ventilation 92 45 Oxygenation and oxygen therapy 94 46 Sleep disordered breathing 96 47 Coronavirus disease 2019 98 Index 100
£29.40
Wiley-Blackwell Diagnostic Imaging and Anatomy in Acute Care
Book Synopsis
£37.99
Wiley-Blackwell Echocardiography Board Review 600 Multiple
Book Synopsis
£56.99
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Dermatopathology
Book SynopsisDermatopathology The most up-to-date edition of a pattern-based dermatopathology atlas In Dermatopathology: Diagnosis by First Impression, an expert team of dermatopathologists deliver an authoritative guide to the microscopic differentiation of visually similar dermatological diseases that is useful for both trainees and practicing physicians. This latest fourth edition includes new sections on alopecia and immunohistochemistry as well as over 100 new photomicrographs for a total of almost 1000 high-resolution and annotated figures. The Key Differences pages walk the reader through the identification of distinctive diagnostic features, and disease-based and alphabetical indexes make it simple to quickly locate necessary information. Unique amongst dermatopathology atlases, this book remains organized by microscopic pattern???as opposed to disease category???which makes it the perfect companion for slide analysis. It also offers self-assessment questions and algorithms for pattern analysis, as well as: An introduction to gestalt diagnosis Focus on architectural patterns as well as cell type/morphology Practical discussion of immunohistochemistry Expanded sections on melanocytic, soft tissue, and lymphoid lesions as well as alopecia A visual feast for practicing dermatologists and pathologists, Dermatopathology: Diagnosis by First Impression will also earn a place in the libraries of trainees.Table of ContentsPreface, viii Acknowledgments, ix About the Companion Website, xi Introduction, 1 Chapter 1 Shape on Low Power, 23 Epidermis Regular acanthosis, 25 Lobular proliferation, 29 Reticulated proliferation, 35 Central pore, 42 Epidermal perforation, 46 Dermis Circular islands, 49 Cords/tubules and comma shapes, 53 Space with a lining, 59 Papillations, 70 Polypoid (dome-shaped), 77 Square/rectangular, 82 Palisading reactions, 88 Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia above abscesses, 95 Pink ball, (see Chapter 6) Chapter 2 Gestalt: Rash/inflammatory, 99 Epidermal changes Parakeratosis, 101 Spongiosis, 104 Papulosquamous (psoriasiform), 108 Interface (vacuolar), 114 Interface (lichenoid), 119 Inflammation: Specific patterns and cell type Epidermal eosinophils, 125 Perivascular, 129 Band-like dermal/papillary dermal infiltrate, 133 Diffuse/nodular, 139 Subcutaneous, 146 Chapter 3 Cell Type, 153 Melanocytic, 155 Spindle cells, 168 Pleomorphic cells, 186 Epithelioid vs spindle vs pleomorphic cells, 187 Endothelial, 188 Giant, 202 Clear, 212 Chapter 4 Top-Down, 229 Arthropods, 231 Hyperkeratosis/parakeratosis, 237 Upper epidermal change, 244 Acantholysis, 254 Subepidermal space/cleft, 264 Granular “material” in cells, 271 “Busy” dermis, 276 Dermal material, 279 Fat necrosis, 292 Chapter 5 Color – Blue, 295 Blue tumor, 297 Lymphocytes, 307 Mucin and glands or ducts, 315 Mucin, 319 Chapter 6 Color – Pink, 327 Pink ball of spindle cells, 329 Pink material, 332 Pink dermis, 339 Epidermal necrosis, 341 Chapter 7 Miscellaneous, 347 Alopecia, 349 Immunohistochemistry, 354 Index (Pattern), 361 Index (Histological Category), 366 Index (Alphabetical), 369
£93.56
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Training to Change Practice
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsContents Foreword ix Acknowledgements xi CHAPTER 1 Education and Training as a Behaviour Change Intervention 1 Jo Hart, Lucie Byrne-Davis, Wendy Maltinsky, Eleanor Bull, Nicola McCleary and Chris Armitage What Is Continuing Professional Development? 2 The Purpose(s) of CPD 2 The Challenges of Changing Practice through CPD 3 Important Concepts and Theories 4 Miller’s Pyramid 4 Figure 1: The interaction of capability, opportunity, motivation and Miller’s Pyramid 5 A Shared Theoretical Language 6 Why Think about Behavioural Theory? 7 The COM-B Framework 8 Figure 2: Influences on behaviour mapped to capability, opportunity and motivation 8 A Focus on Motivation 9 Why Is Behavioural Science Important? 10 Effective and Enjoyable Training 10 Principles for Effective Training 11 Principle 1. Starting from Where Learners Are 11 Principle 2. Working in Partnership 11 Principle 3. Interactive/Active Learning 12 Principle 4. Communication 13 Principle 5. A Collaborative Learning Environment 13 Principle 6. Individual and Group Voices 14 Principle 7. Time for Reflection 15 Check Your Understanding and Reflect 15 Useful Links and Further Reading 16 Behavioural theories and types of behaviours 16 Dual processing 16 The COM-B Framework 16 PRIME Theory and other briefings on behaviour change 16 References 16 CHAPTER 2 Defining the Behaviours That You Want to Change 20 Jo Hart, Lucie Byrne-Davis, Wendy Maltinsky and Eleanor Bull Introduction 21 Developing a Theory of Change 22 Tips and examples 22 Intended Behavioural Outcomes (IBOs) 23 Tips and examples 24 How to Develop IBOs 24 Tips and examples: Topic guide and cues for a behavioural specification focus group 26 What Does the Evidence Say? 26 Choosing the IBOs on Which to Focus 27 Whose IBOs Are They? 27 Check Your Understanding 28 Useful Links and Further Reading 28 Developing A Theory of Change 28 References 29 CHAPTER 3 Exploring the Influences on Behaviours 30 Jo Hart, Lucie Byrne-Davis, Wendy Maltinsky and Eleanor Bull Influences on Practice 31 Figure 3: The COM-B framework 31 Capability 31 Tips and examples 31 Opportunity 31 Tips and examples 32 Motivation 32 Tips and examples 32 How to Explore Influences on Each IBO 32 Before Developing CPD 33 Tips and examples 33 Tips and examples 35 During CPD 35 Check Your Understanding and Reflect 36 Further Reading 36 More About Exploring Influences on Behaviour 36 References 36 CHAPTER 4 Developing CPD to Change Behaviour 38 Jo Hart, Lucie Byrne-Davis, Wendy Maltinsky and Eleanor Bull The Active Ingredients of Behaviour Change Activities 39 Reminder: What is COM-B Again? 39 BCTs and Communication Skills in Education and Training 40 Tips and examples 40 How to Develop Your Training Activities 41 Capability 44 What Does the Evidence Say? 45 Figure 4: The Johari Window 45 Tips and examples 45 Figure 5: Post-it notes to illustrate an effective practitioner 46 Building Psychological Capability 47 Tips and examples 47 Building Physical Capability 48 Figure 6: A cycle for physical capability improvement (learning a skill) 49 Tips and examples 49 Opportunity 50 Building Physical Opportunity 50 Tips and examples 51 An Appreciative Inquiry Approach 52 Building Social Opportunity 52 Tips and examples 53 Tips and examples 53 Figure 7: Comic book strip 54 Motivation 55 Building Reflective Motivation 55 Tips and examples 56 Building Automatic Motivation 56 Tips and examples 57 Planning the ‘How’ of Your Training 57 Consider Space 57 Consider Numbers 58 Consider Acoustics and Visuals 58 Consider Time 58 Consider Dynamics 58 Consider Technical Equipment and Skills 59 Consider Administrative Support 59 Consider Refreshments 59 Consider Culture/Contexts/Countries 59 Online 60 Blended Learning – Synchronous and Asynchronous 61 Figure 8: Considerations for a blending learning course 62 The Building Blocks of Your Training 63 Figure 9: Overview of training structure 63 Introductions 63 Welcoming 63 Introductory Activities 64 Trainee Introductions 64 Create Name-Plates 64 Introductory Bingo 65 Introduce Your Neighbour 65 Throw the Soft Toy 65 Group Agreements 65 Course Expectations, Hopes and Fears 66 Balancing Training Energy 66 Endings: Reflection, Action Planning and Evaluation 67 Check Your Understanding and Reflect 67 Further Reading 68 References 68 CHAPTER 5 Assessing and Evaluating 70 Jo Hart, Lucie Byrne-Davis, Wendy Maltinsky and Eleanor Bull Process vs. Outcome 71 Why Are You Evaluating? 72 Theories and Frameworks to Help Us Evaluate 72 The Kirkpatrick Model 73 Tips and examples 73 Evaluation of Complex Interventions 74 Assessing Behavioural Influences 75 Topic guide 76 Figure 10: Topic guide example for interviews about the impact of a course on practice at follow-up 76 Assessing Behaviour 78 Check Your Understanding 79 Further Reading 79 References 80 Guides 81 Sample Training Plans 81 Aims 88 Tips and Examples: Setting up A Session 88 Cards for Change 94 Index 111
£33.24
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Personcentred Care in Radiography
Book SynopsisPERSON-CENTRED CARE IN RADIOGRAPHY A helpful guide to patient and person-centered care in radiography, with a particular focus on interpersonal and communication skills Person-centred Care in Radiography: Skills for Providing Effective Patient Care explores the complex interpersonal skills that are required of practitioners and medical imaging professionals which ensure high-quality service is given to person-centred care in radiography. The textbook is also written by a team of expert authors, and grounded in the team's own research, as well as their involvement with the Heads of Radiography Group, the Association of Radiography Educators, the Collaborating Centre for Values-based Practice in Health and Social Care, and the College of Radiographers. The textbook contains a broad range of additional learning features, including case studies, student exercises, annotated further readings, and chapter summaries. Diagrams and illustrations are used throughout the book to provide visual representation of the concepts presented. Learning activities are also included throughout the book to encourage readers to self-discover and reflect and then apply their learning to their own role. Person-centred Care in Radiography includes detailed information on and discussion of: Values, developing resilience, defining compassion, pain and suffering, and professional behaviors and cultureScenarios developed by service users based on real-life practice, to demonstrate the impact of the professional's behavior on the care receivedDiversity of service users, the role of carers, conceptual frameworks, interpersonal communication skills and communicating with patients beyond introductionsValues-based practice, compassionate practice, theoretical models for patient-centered care in radiography and reflections to help readers move forward Targeted at all staff working within diagnostic and therapeutic radiography clinical departments and educational institutions, Person-centred Care in Radiography, can be used in both radiography education by students and educators and by qualified staff who wish to reflect on their own patient care and develop their skills.Table of ContentsList of Contributors v Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Ruth M. Strudwick and Emma Hyde Section I Understanding Ourselves 7 Chapter 2 Exploration of Your Own Values 9 Ruth M. Strudwick, Ann Newton-Hughes, and Jane M. Harvey-Lloyd Chapter 3 Developing Resilience 16 Jane M. Harvey-Lloyd Chapter 4 What Is Compassion? 24 Amy Hancock, Jane Gooch, and Jill Bleiker Chapter 5 Pain and Suffering 34 Ann Newton-Hughes, Amy Hancock, and Jill Bleiker Chapter 6 Professional Behaviours and Culture 46 Ruth M. Strudwick and Amy Hancock Section II Understanding the Service User 59 Chapter 7 Diversity of Service Users 61 Jane M. Harvey-Lloyd, Jane Gooch, and Ruth M. Strudwick Chapter 8 The Role of Carers 68 Jane M. Harvey-Lloyd and Ruth M. Strudwick Chapter 9 A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Compassion in Radiography 73 Amy Hancock and Jill Bleiker Chapter 10 Interpersonal Communication Skills 82 Jane M. Harvey-Lloyd and Emma Hyde Chapter 11 Is There More to Communicating with Patients than #Hellomynameis? 94 Jane Gooch Chapter 12 Values-Based Practice 101 Ruth M. Strudwick and Ann Newton-Hughes Chapter 13 Compassion in Practice 109 Amy Hancock and Jill Bleiker Chapter 14 Theoretical Models for Person-centred Care in Radiography 124 Emma Hyde Chapter 15 Reflection on the Books and Skills Learned 137 Ruth M. Strudwick Appendix A Organisational Measures of Patient Centred Care in Imaging Departments 139 Appendix B Pause and Check Audit Tool for Measuring Patient-Centred Care in Diagnostic Radiography (for use in Projection Radiography, Including Mammography) 144 Index 151
£35.14
