Civil engineering, surveying and building Books

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Book SynopsisElectric and hybrid vehicles are now the present, not the future. This straightforward and highly illustrated full-colour textbook is endorsed by the Institute of the Motor Industry (IMI) and introduces the subject for further education and undergraduate students as well as technicians and workshop owners, with sections for drivers who are interested to know more.This new edition contains extensively updated content, especially on batteries, charging and the high-voltage pathway and includes all new case studies and new images, photos and flow charts throughout. It covers the different types of electric vehicle, costs and emissions and the charging infrastructure before moving on to explain how hybrid and electric vehicles work. A chapter on electrical technology introduces learners to subjects such as batteries, control systems and charging, which are then covered in more detail within their own chapters. The book also covers the maintenance and repair procedures of these veTable of Contents1. Introduction to electric vehicles. 2. Safe working, tools and hazard management. 3. Electrical and electronic principles. 4. Electric vehicle technology. 5. Batteries. 6. Motors and control systems. 7. Charging. 8. Maintenance, repairs, and replacement. 9. Diagnostics. 10. High voltage pathway for the independent workshop.

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Book SynopsisFunctions as a Day-to-Day Resource for Practicing EngineersâThe hugely useful Structural Engineerâs Pocket Book is now overhauled and revised in line with the Eurocodes. It forms a comprehensive pocket reference guide for professional and student structural engineers, especially those taking the IStructE Part 3 exam. With stripped-down basic materialâtables, data, facts, formulae, and rules of thumbâit is directly usable for scheme design by structural engineers in the office, in transit, or on site. âAnd a Core Reference for StudentsIt brings together data from many different sources, and delivers a compact source of job-simplifying and time-saving information at an affordable price. It acts as a reliable first point of reference for information that is needed on a daily basis.This third edition is referenced throughout to the structural Eurocodes. After giving general informatTrade Review" … this excellent little book should remain an important first reference tool for practising engineers and students alike."—Civil Engineering Journal, October 2015"All in all, the reviewer would wholeheartedly like to commend this concise and yet informative pocket book as an essential reference for all current practitioners as well as for the next generation of engineers."—ICE Proceedings-Structures-Buildings Journal, 2015"The book, in its previous editions, has been an essential companion of practising engineers, as well as of students of structural design. The new edition fills a great need to provide the essential data for anyone who may be required to use Eurocodes. This applies to practising engineers as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students of structural design."—Kuldeep S Virdi, Professor Emeritus, City University, London, UK" … this excellent little book should remain an important first reference tool for practising engineers and students alike."—Civil Engineering Journal, October 2015"All in all, the reviewer would wholeheartedly like to commend this concise and yet informative pocket book as an essential reference for all current practitioners as well as for the next generation of engineers."—ICE Proceedings-Structures-Buildings Journal, 2015"The book, in its previous editions, has been an essential companion of practising engineers, as well as of students of structural design. The new edition fills a great need to provide the essential data for anyone who may be required to use Eurocodes. This applies to practising engineers as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students of structural design."—Kuldeep S Virdi, Professor Emeritus, City University, London, UKTable of ContentsGeneral Information. Statutory Authorities and Permissions. Design Data. Basic and Shortcut Tools for Structural Analysis. Eurocodes. Actions on Structures. Reinforced Concrete. Structural Steel. Composite Steel and Concrete. Timber and Plywood. Masonry. Geotechnics. Structural Glass. Building Elements, Materials, Fixings and Fastenings. Sustainability. Useful Mathematics. Useful Addresses. Further Reading. Sources. Index.

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Book SynopsisApplied Numerical Methods with MATLAB is designed to support a one-semester course in numerical methods. It has been written for students who want to learn and apply numerical methods in order to solve problems in engineering and science. As such, the methods are motivated by problems rather than by mathematics. That said, sufficient theory is provided so students come away with insight into the techniques and their shortcomings.This title will be available in Connect, featuring SmartBook, the MHeBook, and homework problems. Instructor Resources available for this title include: Image Library, Instructor Solutions Manual, Lecture PowerPoints, and MatLab Files.Table of Contents1 Mathematical Modeling, Numerical Methods, and Problem Solving2 MATLAB Fundamentals3 Programming with MATLAB4 Roundoff and Truncation Errors5 Roots: Bracketing Methods6 Roots: Open Methods7 Optimization8 Linear Algebraic Equations and Matrices9 Gauss Elimination10 LU Factorization11 Matrix Inverse and Condition12 Iterative Methods13 Eigenvalues14 Linear Regression15 General Linear Least-Squares and Nonlinear Regression16 Fourier Analysis17 Polynomial Interpolation18 Splines and Piecewise Interpolation19 Numerical Integration Formulas20 Numerical Integration of Functions21 Numerical Differentiation22 Initial-Value Problems23 Adaptive Methods and Stiff Systems24 Boundary-Value Problems

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Book SynopsisL. T. C. Rolt was born at Chester in 1910. After his education at Cheltenham College he embarked on am engineering career, until he decided to turn to writing. Among his many publications were biographies of Thomas Telford and George and Robert Stevenson (both published by Penguin). Mr Rolt died in 1974.

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Book SynopsisThe transport of sediment greatly influences the sustainability of an irrigation system. Erosion and deposition not only increase maintenance costs, but may result in an inequitable and inadequate distribution of irrigation water. Understanding the behaviour and transport of sediment allows efficient planning and reliable water delivery schedules, and ensures the controlled deposition of sediments, making maintenance activities more manageable. These lecture notes present a detailed analysis of sediment transport in irrigation canals, together with physical and mathematical descriptions of the behaviour. A mathematical model predicts the sediment transport, deposition and entrainment rate for various flow conditions and sediment inputs. The model is particularly suitable for the simulation of sediment transport in irrigation canals where flow and sediment transport are largely determined by the operation of flow control structures. Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Open Channel Flow 3. Sediment Properties 4. Design Criteria for Irrigation Canals 5. Sediment Transport Concepts 6. SETRIC, A Mathematical Model for Sediment Transport in Irrigation Canals 7. The Sediment Transport Model and its Applications References List of Symbols Appendix A: Methods for Estimating the Total Sediment Transport Capacity in Irrigation Canals Appendix B: Methods to Predict the Friction Fraction Appendix C: Hydraulic Design of Irrigation Canals Appendix D: Description of the Main Aspects of the Regime Theory Appendix E: Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisEnvironmental endocrine disruptors have been at the heart of discussions about chemicals and their effects on fertility, but the focus has been on organic compounds and the role of metals has been largely overlooked - until now. Taking an organ-system-based approach, Metals, Fertility, and Reproductive Toxicity examines the effects of metals found in the everyday environment on fertility rates in humans and animal populations.This volume summarizes and evaluates the literature in the area of metal effects on fertility and reproduction in humans, laboratory animals, and wildlife. International experts have contributed chapters that explore how the ovary, testes, uterine system, and neuroendocrine system, among others, respond to metal exposure. Reviewing both current knowledge and cutting edge data, the chapters focus on either a particular metal or a particular population.A massive amount of data on this subject has been generated, summarized, and reviewed over the yTable of ContentsIntroduction. Reproductive Toxicity of Mercury, Cadmium, and Arsenic. Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Organotin Compounds. Adverse Effects of Aluminum, Uranium, and Vanadium on Reproduction and Intrauterine Development in Mammals. Intrauterine and Reproductive Toxicity of Nutritionally Essential Metals. Lead Exposure and Its Effects on the Reproductive System. Impact of Metals on Ovarian Function. Epidemiological and Occupational Studies of Metals in Male Reproductive Toxicity. Use of Metal Reproductive Toxicity Data in Selecting Ecological Toxicity Values for Small Mammals Inhabiting Hazardous Waste Sites. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis timely book provides a concise, yet complete guide to the installation of UST systems. It addresses the EPA requirements for UST systems and offers practical, step-by-step suggestions for all aspects of installation, including management practices and the removal and closure of old systems. This information, as well as the book''s excellent illustrations and appendices, make it an important complimentary guide to specific UST manufacturer''s training and installation manuals.Table of ContentsEPA Regulations for Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks, Excavation, Material Handling, Backfill, Supports and Anchoring, Piping and Other Equipment, Tank Removal and Closure, Corrosion Protection, Spill Prevention and Containment , Release Detection Methods, References, Appendix A: Batteries and the Corrosion Reactions of Iron Appendix B: Compliance Dates and Deadlines Appendix C: Financial Requirements for Owners of UST Systems Appendix D: Summary of Federal and State Programs

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Book SynopsisFrom the Introduction This book is mostly structured around first-person interviews with nationally and locally recognized experts who have been in hazardous materials response for a number of years. To aid networking, the addresses and telephone numbers of all persons interviewed are listed at the end of each interview.The central narrative theme of the book has been to detail the actual methods, procedures, techniques, tactics, and "lessons learned" of specific hazardous materials response teams (HMRT) drawn from a number of different categories. The object is to have readers find a ready source to provide knowledge of what a teamed, trained, and equipped HMRT uses for methods, tactics, procedures, tools, vehicles, instruments, equipment, strategies, leak/fire/spill control, prevention, remedial actions, decision making, incidents, containment, or hazards. This book answers many questions for emergency responders that they may need to know tostay alive.Trade Review"Hazardous Materials Emergencies", first published in 1983, quickly became a standard guide to hazardous materials emergency response and control. It has been widely used in industry and government as a text, reference, and training aid.Now, a completely updated new edition has been published. Encyclopedic in scope, this big new edition contains current information on types of emergencies, response teams, equipment, planning and preparation, training, medical protection, strategies and techniques, liability and insurance, case histories, and information sources.This updated guide and reference has been prepared to serve the practical information needs of government and industrial personnel who are professionally concerned with dealing with hazardous materials emergencies."Stands out as a big book crammed full of vital information needed by anyone seriously concerned with reacting competently to the... hazardous materials incident... The book is worth many times over its price." -Journal of Civil Defense"A very useful introductory hazardous-materials book." -Chemical EngineeringTable of ContentsIntroductionDOWNTOWN NUCLEAR ALERTGeneral Discussion of Nuclear Waste Disposal Springfield's Hazardous Materials Incident Springfield's Preparedness Responding to the Nuclear Fuel Incident CleanupBACKGROUND TO HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENTSCleanup Nuclear Energy Sites Cancer-Causing Pesticides Petroleum Polluters Water THE HAZARD OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS RESPONSEHazardous Materials Response Teams Hazardous Materials Incidents 1993 Annual Report of the Houston (Texas) Fire Department HMRTLOCAL HAZARDOUS MATERIALS RESPONSE TEAMSThe Kenosha Fire Department HMRT, Kenosha, Wisconsin New Berlin Fire Department Special Units, New Berlin, Wisconsin The Hazardous Materials Response Team of the Charlotte, North Carolina, Fire Department Mount Prospect, Illinois, Fire Department Hazardous Materials Response Team Our World Begins at the Decontamination Reduction Zone; The Hazardous Materials Unit of the Orange County Fire Department, Irvine, California Elk Grove Village, Illinois, Hazardous Materials Response TeamHAZARDOUS MATERIALS TEAM FUNCTIONSThirteen Bogus Commandments of Hazardous Materials Response Background to Hazardous Materials Response Hazardous Materials Response May Be Different than Normal Fire Calls Incident Command Positions Hazardous Materials Operations Methods, Systems, and Strategies of Hazardous Materials ResponseGETTING THE JOB DONEResponse to a Mystery Gas or Toxin at Riverside General Hospital in California The Basic Aspects of Chemical Protective Clothing Use and Reuse of Protective Clothing in Haz Mat Response Chicago, Illinois Fire Department Guidelines and Procedures for Hazardous Materials Incidents Understanding a Hazardous Materials Response Team's Operation Getting Down to Business Computers and Software at Hazardous Materials IncidentsFEDERAL AND STATE RESPONSE TEAMSFort Detrick Haz Mat Team of Frederick, Maryland Turning an Emergency into a Routine Response Th

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Book SynopsisICE Companion to Engineering Management is a concise reference on core areas of engineering management for civil engineers working towards Professional Review.

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Book SynopsisWhile the construction process still requires traditional skills, the dynamic nature of construction demands of its managers improved understanding of modern business, production and contractual practices. This well established, core undergraduate textbook reflects current best practice in the management of construction projects, with particular emphasis given to supply chains and networks, value and risk management, BIM, ICT, project arrangements, corporate social responsibility, training, health and welfare and environmental sustainability. The overall themes for the Eighth Edition Modern Construction Management are: Drivers for efficiency: lean construction underpinning production management and off-site production methods. Sustainability: reflecting the transition to a low carbon economy. Corporate Social Responsibility: embracing health & safety and employment issues. Modern contractual systems driving effective procurementBuilding Information Modelling directed towards tTable of ContentsAbout the authors xi Preface to the eighth edition xiii Companion website xv 1 Introduction 1 Structure of the book 2 Objectives and contents 3 2 Quality management 9 Summary 9 Introduction 9 Notions of quality 9 Quality in transition 10 Quality control and inspection 11 Quality assurance 13 Total quality management 20 A systems approach to managing quality 26 Further Reading 32 Section 1: Project production management 33 3 Production process improvement 35 Summary 35 Introduction to lean construction 35 Energy 36 Productivity 36 Economic development 37 International environmental protocols 45 UK emissions 47 Productivity improvement 49 Management systems 54 Management processes (see BS 6079) 60 Employee participation 71 Macro key performance indicators 87 Further Reading 88 4 Planning techniques and methods 89 Summary 89 Introduction 89 Planning in construction 89 Who plans? 90 Planning the design process 92 Planning for waste management 93 Planning for safety, health, and the environment (SHE) 94 Planning techniques 95 Other planning techniques 112 Modern construction planning 119 Monitoring progress and managing the time model 121 Construction planning and scheduling with 4D CAD and BIM 122 Planning multiple projects 123 Appendix 4.A. Normal Probability Distribution Tables (Table 4.3) 125 Further Reading 126 5 Workforce motivation 127 Summary 127 Introduction 127 Motivation theories 127 Payment systems, remuneration and performance 132 Further Reading 144 6 Project cost control 147 Summary 147 Why cost-control is essential for construction projects 147 A cost-control procedure for construction works 148 Points to consider when choosing a cost-control system 159 Management of the carbon footprint 160 Further Reading 160 7 Management of equipment 161 Summary 161 Acquisition of plant and equipment 161 The financing of equipment 162 Systematic plant selection 164 The essential characteristics of a decision situation 165 Setting hire rates 173 Marginal costing 180 Plant maintenance 180 Monitoring of maintenance servicing and exhaust emissions 181 Human-centred approaches 182 Further Reading 182 Section 2: Business management 183 8 Project procurement 185 Summary 185 Introduction 185 The construction process (BS 6079-1:2002) 186 ISO/BS procurement standards 189 Appointing the team/parties to the contract 190 Public contracts and supplies 192 Project manager/leader 193 The contract 197 Health and safety considerations 201 Categories of contract 204 Separated and cooperative contracts 204 Management-oriented contracts 207 Integrated contracts 211 Discretionary contracts 219 Performance of different contract categories 223 Client risk exposure for different contract categories 223 Further Reading 225 9 Estimating and tendering 227 Summary 227 Introduction 227 Parties involved in estimating and tendering 230 The estimating process 232 BOQ estimating 232 Collection and calculation of cost information 234 Project study 242 Preparing the estimate 243 Submitting the tender 251 Estimating in management contracting 252 Design and build 254 Cost planning 255 Cost management 255 Whole-life costing 256 Private finance initiative (PFI) 256 Computer aided estimating 257 BIM and estimating 258 Summary 259 Future Reading 260 10 Competitive bidding 261 Summary 261 Introduction 261 Part 1: A brief review of bidding strategy 262 Part 2: The importance of accuracy in estimating 268 Part 3: Some ways of using the existing theories 275 Recent developments in bidding 282 Client evaluation of bids 283 Further Reading 285 11 Company budgetary control 287 Summary 287 Introduction 287 Preparation of budgets 288 The carbon footprint 295 Further Reading 297 12 Cash flow and interim valuations 299 Summary 299 Introduction 299 The need for cash flow forecasting by contractors 299 The requirements of a forecasting system 301 Capital lock-up 306 The factors that affect capital lock-up 307 Interim valuations and cash flow 312 Measurement of work in activities 316 Computers and cash flow 316 Cash flow forecast by standardised models 319 Closing remarks 319 Further Reading 320 13 Economic assessments 321 Summary 321 Introduction 321 Interest 323 Economic comparisons 325 Profitability measures 328 Inflation 332 Accuracy of future estimates 336 Financial Modelling 340 Cost-benefit analysis 345 Some worked examples 347 Further Reading 354 Section 3: Administration and company management 355 14 Company organisation 357 Summary 357 Introduction 357 The function of a manager 357 Company organisational structures 359 Departments/functions 368 Health, safety, occupational welfare and pensions 376 Educational qualifications and vocational training 377 Corporate social responsibility 385 Management attitude 386 Construction companies in an internet age 387 Virtual companies 388 Collaborative working 388 Further Reading 388 15 Market planning and business development 389 Summary 389 Introduction 389 Market planning 389 The business-development process 390 16 International construction logistics and risks 401 Summary 401 Introduction 401 The international environment 402 Further Reading 409 17 Towards BIM and digital construction 411 Summary 411 Introduction 411 Information and information management 412 The construction company’s business 413 Processes involved in a construction business 413 Information needs to support business processes 416 Management of contractors’ information resources 417 Construction information systems 420 The construction information manager 425 The emergence of BIM 426 BIM standards 428 Digital construction 433 Further Reading 434 18 Financial management 435 Summary 435 Introduction 435 Types of businesses 435 Types of capital 440 The control of capital 446 The company accounts 449 Regulatory authorities 461 Further Reading 462 Section 4: Self-learning exercises 463 19 Questions – construction management 465 Questions 467 20 Questions – operational research (OR) 519 Summary 519 Questions 521 21 Questions – six sigma 533 Six sigma 534 Problems (readers should start with Problem 1) 534 Further Reading 555 Bibliography 557 Abbreviations and acronyms 571 Index 577

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction. 1. Introduction. Geotechnical Engineering. Foundation Engineering. Soil Exploration. Ground Improvement. Solution Methods. Numerical Modeling. Empiricism. Literature. References. Part I: GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES AND SOIL EXPLORATION. 2. Geotechnical Properties of Soil. Introduction. Grain-Size Distribution. Size Limits for Soil. Weight-Volume Relationships. Relative Density. Atterberg Limits. Liquidity Index. Activity. Soil Classification Systems. Hydraulic Conductivity of Soil. Steady-State Seepage. Effective Stress. Consolidation. Calculation of Primary Consolidation Settlement. Time Rate of Consolidation. Range of Coefficient of Consolidation, cv. Degree of Consolidation Under Ramp Loading. Shear Strength. Unconfined Compression Test. Comments on Friction Angle, ��'. Correlations of Undrained Shear Strength, cu. Sensitivity. Summary. Problems. References. 3. Natural Soil Deposits and Subsoil Exploration. Introduction. Natural Soil Deposits. Soil Origin. Residual Soil. Gravity-Transported Soil. Alluvial Deposits. Lacustrine Deposits. Glacial Deposits. Aeolian Soil Deposits. Organic Soil. Some Local Terms for Soil. Subsurface Exploration. Purpose of Subsurface Exploration. Subsurface Exploration Program. Exploratory Borings in the Field. Procedures for Sampling Soil. Split-Spoon Sampling and Standard Penetration Test. Sampling with a Scraper Bucket. Sampling with a Thin-Walled Tube. Sampling with a Piston Sampler. Observation of Water Tables. Vane Shear Test. Cone Penetration Test. Pressuremeter Test (PMT). Dilatometer Test. Iowa Borehole Shear Test. K0 Stepped-Blade Test. Coring of Rocks. Preparation of Boring Logs. Geophysical Exploration. Subsoil Exploration Report. Summary. Problems. References. Part II: SOIL IMPROVEMENT. 4. Soil Improvement and Ground Modification. Introduction. General Principles of Compaction. Empirical Relationships for Compaction. Field Compaction. Compaction Control for Clay Hydraulic Barriers. Vibroflotation. Blasting. Precompression. Sand Drains. Prefabricated Vertical Drains. Lime Stabilization. Cement Stabilization. Fly-Ash Stabilization. Stone Columns. Sand Compaction Piles. Dynamic Compaction. Jet Grouting. Deep Mixing. Summary. Problems. References. Part III: FOUNDATION ANALYSIS. 5. Shallow Foundations: Ultimate Bearing Capacity. Introduction. General Concept. Terzaghi���s Bearing Capacity Theory. Factor of Safety. Modification of Bearing Capacity Equations for Water Table. The General Bearing Capacity Equation. Other Solutions for Bearing Capacity, Shape, Depth, and Inclination Factors. Case Studies on Ultimate Bearing Capacity. Effect of Soil Compressibility. Scale Effect on Ultimate Bearing Capacity. Eccentrically Loaded Foundations. Ultimate Bearing Capacity Under Eccentric Loading-One-Way Eccentricity. Bearing Capacity of a Continuous Foundation Subjected to Eccentrically Inclined Loading. Summary. Problems. References. 6. Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations: Special Cases. Introduction. Bearing Capacity of Foundation on Anisotropic Sand. Bearing Capacity of Continuous Foundation Subjected to Normal Load. Foundation Supported by a Soil with a Rigid Base at Shallow Depth. Foundations on Layered Clay. Bearing Capacity of Layered Soil: Stronger Soil Underlain by Weaker Soil. Bearing Capacity of Layered Soil: Weaker Soil Underlain by Stronger Soil. Continuous Foundation on Weak Clay with a Granular Trench. Closely Spaced Foundations-Effect on Ultimate Bearing Capacity. Bearing Capacity of Foundations on Top of a Slope. Bearing Capacity of Foundations on a Slope. Seismic Bearing Capacity and Settlement in Granular Soil. Foundations on Rock. Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Wedge-Shaped Foundation. Summary. Problems. References. 7. Vertical Stress Increase in Soil. Introduction. Stress Due to a Concentrated Load. Stress Due to a Circularly Loaded Area. Stress Due to a Line Load. Stress Below a Vertical Strip Load of Finite Width and Infinite Length. Stress Below a Horizontal Strip Load of Finite Width and Infinite Length. Symmetrical Vertical Triangular Strip Load on the Surface. Vertical Stress Increase Below a Flexible Circular Area-Parabolic and Conical Loading. Stress Below a Rectangular Area. Average Vertical Stress Increase Due to a Rectangularly Loaded Area. Average Vertical Stress Increase Below the Center of a Circularly Loaded Area. Stress Increase under an Embankment. Westergaard's Solution for Vertical Stress Due to a Point Load. Stress Distribution for Westergaard Material. Summary. Problems. References. 8. Settlement of Shallow Foundations. Introduction. Elastic Settlement of Shallow Foundation on Saturated Clay. Elastic Settlement in Granular Soil. Settlement Based on the Theory of Elasticity. Improved Equation for Elastic Settlement. Settlement of Sandy Soil: Use of Strain Influence Factor. Settlement of Foundation on Sand Based on Standard Penetration Resistance. Settlement Based on Pressuremeter Test (PMT). Settlement Estimation Using the L1 - L2 Method. Consolidation Settlement. Primary Consolidation Settlement Relationships. Three-Dimensional Effect on Primary Consolidation Settlement. Settlement Due to Secondary Consolidation. Field Load Test. Presumptive Bearing Capacity. Tolerable Settlement of Buildings. Improvement of Soil for Shallow Foundation Construction. Summary. Problems. References. 9. Mat Foundations. Introduction. Combined Footings. Common Types of Mat Foundations. Bearing Capacity of Mat Foundations. Differential Settlement of Mats. Field Settlement Observations for Mat Foundations. Compensated Foundation. Structural Design of Mat Foundations. Summary. Problems. References 10. Uplift Capacity of Shallow Foundations and Helical Anchors. Introduction. Foundations on Granular Soil. Foundations on Cohesive Soil. General Dimensions of a Helical Anchor. Geometrical Parameters, Failure Mode in Sand, and Ultimate Load Determination. Deep Helical Anchors in Sand. Helical Anchors in Clay (�� = 0 Condition). Summary. Problems. References. 11. Pile Foundations. Introduction. Pile Materials. Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) Piles. Estimating Pile Length. Installation of Piles. Load Transfer Mechanism. Equations for Estimating Pile Capacity. Meyerhof's Method for Estimating Qp. Janbu���s Method-Estimation of Qp. Vesic's Method for Estimating Qp. Coyle and Castello's Method for Estimating Qp in Sand. Correlations for Calculating Qp with SPT and CPT Results in Granular Soil. Frictional Resistance (Qs) in Sand. Comparison of Theory with Field Load Test Results (Granular Soil). Frictional (Skin) Resistance in Clay. Ultimate Capacity of Continuous Flight Auger Pile. Point Bearing Capacity of Piles Resting on Rock. Pile Load Tests. Elastic Settlement of Piles. Laterally Loaded Piles. Pile-Driving Formulas. Pile Capacity for Vibration-Driven Piles. Wave Equation Analysis. Negative Skin Friction. Group Piles. Group Efficiency. Ultimate Capacity of Group Piles in Saturated Clay. Elastic Settlement of Group Piles. Consolidation Settlement of Group Piles. Piles in Rock. Summary. Problems. References. 12. Drilled Shaft Foundations. Introduction. Types of Drilled Shafts. Construction Procedures. Other Design Considerations. Load Transfer Mechanism. Estimation of Load-Bearing Capacity. Load-Bearing Capacity in Granular Soil. Load-Bearing Capacity in Granular Soil Based on Settlement. Load-Bearing Capacity in Clay. Load-Bearing Capacity in Clay Based on Settlement. Settlement of Drilled Shafts at Working Load. Lateral Load-Carrying Capacity-Characteristic Load and Moment Method. Drilled Shafts Extending into Rock. Summary. Problems. References. 13. Foundations on Difficult Soil. Introduction. Collapsible Soil. Definition and Types of Collapsible Soil. Physical Parameters for Identification. Procedure for Calculating Collapse Settlement. Foundations in Soil Not Susceptible to Wetting. Foundations in Soil Susceptible to Wetting. Expansive Soils. General Nature of Expansive Soil. Unrestrained Swell Test. Swelling Pressure Test. Classification of Expansive Soil on the Basis of Index Tests. Foundation Considerations for Expansive Soil. Construction on Expansive Soil. Sanitary Landfills. General Nature of Sanitary Landfills. Settlement of Sanitary Landfills. Summary. Problems. References. Part IV: LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE AND EARTH-RETAINING STRUCTURES. 14. Lateral Earth Pressure. Introduction. Lateral Earth Pressure at Rest. Active Pressure. Rankine Active Earth Pressure. A Generalized Case for Rankine Active Pressure-Granular Backfill. Rankine Active Pressure with Vertical Wall Backface and Inclined c'-��' Soil Backfill. Coulomb's Active Earth Pressure. Active Earth Pressure for Translation of Retaining Wall-Granular Backfill. Lateral Earth Pressure Due to Surcharge. Active Earth Pressure for Earthquake Conditions-Granular Backfill. Active Earth Pressure for Earthquake Condition (Vertical Backface of Wall and c'-��' Backfill). Passive Pressure. Rankine Passive Earth Pressure. A Generalized Case for Rankine Passive Pressure-Granular Backfill. Coulomb's Passive Earth Pressure. Comments on the Failure Surface Assumption for Coulomb���s Pressure Calculations. Caquot and Kerisel Solution for Passive Earth Pressure (Granular Backfill). Solution for Passive Pressure by Shields and Tolunay (1973) (Granular Backfill). Summary. Problems. References. 15. Retaining Walls. Introduction. Gravity and Cantilever Walls. Proportioning Retaining Walls. Application of Lateral Earth Pressure Theories to Design. Equivalent Fluid Method for Determination of Earth Pressure. Stability of Retaining Walls. Check for Overturning. Check for Sliding Along the Base. Check for Bearing Capacity Failure. Construction Joints and Drainage from Backfill. Comments on Design of Retaining Walls. Gravity Retaining-Wall Design for Earthquake Conditions. Mechanically Stabilized Retaining Walls. Soil Reinforcement. Considerations in Soil Reinforcement. General Design Considerations. Retaining Walls with Metallic Strip Reinforcement. Step-by-Step-Design Procedure Using Metallic Strip Reinforcement. Retaining Walls with Geotextile Reinforcement. Retaining Walls with Geogrid Reinforcement-General. Design Procedure for Geogrid-Reinforced Retaining Wall. Summary. Problems. References. 16. Sheet-Pile Walls. Introduction. Construction Methods. Cantilever Sheet-Pile Walls. Cantilever Sheet Piling Penetrating Sandy Soils. Special Cases for Cantilever Walls Penetrating a Sandy Soil. Cantilever Sheet Piling Penetrating Clay. Special Cases for Cantilever Walls Penetrating Clay. Anchored Sheet-Pile Walls. Free Earth Support Method for Penetration of Sandy Soil. Design Charts for Free Earth Support Method (Penetration into Sandy Soil). Moment Reduction for Anchored Sheet-Pile Walls Penetrating into Sand. Computational Pressure Diagram Method for Penetration into Sandy Soil. Field Observations for Anchor Sheet-Pile Walls. Free Earth Support Method for Penetration of Clay. Anchors. Holding Capacity of Anchor Plates in Sand. Holding Capacity of Anchor Plates in Clay (�� = 0 Condition). Ultimate Resistance of Tiebacks. Summary. Problems. References. 17. Braced Cuts. Introduction. Braced-Cut Analysis Based on General Wedge Theory. Pressure Envelope for Braced-Cut Design. Pressure Envelope for Cuts in Layered Soil. Tschebotarioff���s Pressure Envelopes. Design of Various Components of a Braced Cut. Case Studies of Braced Cuts. Bottom Heave of a Cut in Clay. Stability of the Bottom of a Cut in Sand. Lateral Yielding of Sheet Piles and Ground Settlement. Summary. Problems. References. Answers to Problems. Index.

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Book Synopsis''A fascinating celebration of the impact that structural engineering has on all our lives[an] eye-opening book'' The Sunday Times In BUILT, structural engineer Roma Agrawal takes a unique look at how construction has evolved from the mud huts of our ancestors to skyscrapers of steel that reach hundreds of metres into the sky. She unearths how engineers have tunnelled through kilometres of solid mountains; how they''ve bridged across the widest and deepest of rivers, and tamed Nature's precious and elusive water resources. She tells vivid tales of the visionaries who created the groundbreaking materials in the Pantheon''s record-holding concrete dome and the frame of the record-breaking Eiffel Tower. Through the lens of an engineer, Roma examines tragedies like the collapse of the Quebec Bridge, highlighting the precarious task of ensuring people''s safety they hold at every step. With colourful stories of her life-long fascination with buildings and her own hand-draTrade Review[Agrawal] weaves accessible explanations of scientific principles together with engaging historical stories and personal anecdotes…[a] timely and impassioned book * Guardian *Agrawal has a gift for rendering complex phenomena in simple terms...a real treat * Financial Times *Agrawal is a rarity: a female structural engineer in an adamantly male profession … She will inspire young women who are considering a career in engineering … [S]he shines when explaining the sorts of things people might be too shy to admit they find inherently fascinating * New York Times Book Review *Agrawal has just launched her first book, Built, the latest salvo in her crusade to get us to see the world “through different eyes, the eyes of an engineer” * i newspaper *A fascinating celebration of the impact that structural engineering has on all our lives…[an] eye-opening book * The Sunday Times *Roma makes the complex principles of structural engineering accessible to everyone with clear explanations and engaging illustrations. It has made me suddenly look at every building I pass in a new way * Ellen Stofan, former Chief Scientist at NASA *Roma Agrawal makes engineering thrilling, accessible and thoroughly enjoyable. Built is another great example of how women can write beautifully about so-called male subjects. Bring on the female engineers! -- Andrea Wulf, historian and author of The Invention of NatureA wonderfully absorbing book about an engineer and her passion for construction * Professor Mark Miodownik, materials engineer, broadcaster and author of Stuff Matters *A charming tribute to one woman’s love of engineering. Full of fascinating facts and personal stories * Angela Saini, author of Geek Nation *A necessary reminder of the wonderful human ingenuity behind the world’s greatest engineering projects, from Roman aqueducts to London’s magnificent Shard. Built will inspire readers of every stripe * Erica Wagner, author of Chief Engineer *A book about real engineering written by a real engineer who can really write * Henry Petroski, author of The Road Taken *A passionate, often personal love letter to the science of structure. Whether exploring Pompeii or assembling pineapple upside-down cake, Agrawal’s journey will change the way you look at the structures you take for granted * Jennifer Ouellette, author of The Calculus Diaries *Roma Agrawal is a much-needed role model for the next generation of engineers. Most girls never give a thought to civil engineering as a career. The book will change that * Rob Eastaway, mathematician and author of Any Ideas? Tips and Techniques for Creative Problem Solving *Roma Agrawal makes engineering thrilling, accessible and thoroughly enjoyable. Built is another great example of how women can write brilliantly about so-called male subjects. Bring on the female engineers! * Andrea Wulf, historian and author of Chasing Venus: The Race to Measure the Heavens *How come we have skyscrapers, bricks, bridges and tunnels? It’s down to structural engineers, but who are these awesome makers? Men in hard hats? Not necessarily! Roma Agrawal has helped to design some iconic structures that grace our cities. Here she gives an insider’s captivating account, so rich in history and so full of verve that she is bound to make others want to follow in her footsteps. Built reveals how human ingenuity keeps us safe from the raw forces of nature, all in a style that is down-to-earth as well as funny and personal * Uta Frith, psychologist and author of Autism: Explaining the Enigma *This fascination is communicated with flair and passion in a highly engaging debut book that will appeal to the engineer and the inquisitive layperson alike * E&T Magazine *

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part 1: Data Everywhere 5 Chapter 1: Defining Data Governance 7 Chapter 2: Exploring a World Awash in Data 23 Chapter 3: Driving Value through Data 41 Chapter 4: Transforming through Data 55 Part 2: Delivering Data Governance 75 Chapter 5: Building the Business Case for Data Governance 77 Chapter 6: Focusing on the Fundamentals of Data Governance 91 Part 3: Developing Data Governance 105 Chapter 7: Establishing Data Governance Objectives 107 Chapter 8: Identifying Data Governance Roles and Responsibilities 121 Chapter 9: Designing a Data Governance Program 139 Chapter 10: Deploying a Data Governance Program 157 Part 4: Democratizing Data 183 Chapter 11: Running a Successful Data Governance Program 185 Chapter 12: Measuring and Monitoring a Data Governance Program 209 Chapter 13: Responding to Data Governance Challenges and Risks. 227 Part 5: The Part of Tens 243 Chapter 14: Ten Data Governance Best Practices 245 Chapter 15: Ten Essential Data Governance Stakeholders 255 Index 263

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Book SynopsisPublisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.The definitive guide to photogrammetry--fully updatedThoroughly revised to cover the latest technological advances in the field, Elements of Photogrammetry with Applications in GIS, Fourth Edition, provides complete details on the foundational principles of photogrammetry as well as important advanced concepts. Significant changes in the instruments and procedures used in modern photogrammetry, including laser scanning, are discussed. Example problems clarify computational procedures and extensive photographs and diagrams illustrate the material presented in this comprehensive resource.CoveTable of Contents1. Introduction2. Principles of Photography and Imaging 3. Cameras and Other Imaging Devices4. Image Measurements and Refinements 5. Object Space Coordinate Systems6. Vertical Photographs7. Stereoscopic Viewing8. Stereoscopic Parallax9. Elementary Methods of Planimetric Mapping for GIS 10. Tilted Photographs and Perspective Geometry11. Introduction to Analytical Photogrammetry12. Stereoscopic Plotting Instruments13. Topographic Mapping and Spatial Data Collection14. Elevated Data Collection by Laser Scanning Systems15. Fundamental Principles of Digital Image Processing16. Control for Aerial Photogrammetric Projects17. Aerotriangulation18. Project Planning19. Terrestrial and Close-Range Photogrammetry 20. Introduction to GIS21. Photogrammetric Applications in GIS Appendix A. Units, Errors, Significant Figures and Error PropagationAppendix B. Introduction to Least Square Adjustment Appendix C. Coordinate Transformations Appendix D. Development of Collinearity and Coplanarity Condition EquationsAppendix E. Digital ResamplingAppendix F. Conversions between Object Space Coordinate Systems

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Book SynopsisA practical, step-by-step guide on how to prepare and respond to construction claims. Everyone involved in the preparation or review of construction claims should have this book to hand. The book examines the different types of claim common to construction contracts and presents a step-by-step guide to demonstrate the process of building up a fully detailed claim submission. It includes advice on: Contract administration for claims and claims avoidance. Identifying the various types of claim. The key points for an effective claim or response document. The essential elements to be included in a claim or response. Extension of time claims. Claims for additional payment. Principles of delay analysis. Quantum calculations. Responses and determinations to achieve agreement and avoid disputes. A note on dispute boards. The advice given in the book is supported by worked examples of Table of ContentsAbout the Author ix Foreword by Roger Knowles xi Acknowledgements xviii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Why is it Necessary to Produce a Fully Detailed and Professionally Presented Claim or Response? 1 The Purpose of the Book 3 Things to be Considered Before Writing the Claim 5 The form of Contract used in the Examples 8 Definitions 9 The example projects 10 Chapter 2: Contract Administration for Claims and Claims Avoidance 11 Introduction 11 The contract documents 11 Programmes and Planning 14 Records, Records, Records 17 Chronology and database 19 Notices 22 Dispute Adjudication Boards and the Like 24 Procedures 25 Chapter 3: Types of Claim 27 Claims for Variations 27 Claims for Extensions of Time 32 Claims for Additional Payment Due to Prolongation 35 Acceleration and Disruption Claims 37 Claims for Damages Under Law 40 Interim and Final Claims 41 Chapter 4: Presentation 43 Presentation of the Submission or Review Document 43 Writing Style 44 Key points for claim presentation 48 Making the Document User‐Friendly 48 Making the submission or review a stand‐alone document 49 Superfluous and irrelevant information 50 Do not Assume that the Reviewer has Prior Knowledge of the Project or Circumstances 50 The importance of leading the reviewer to a logical conclusion 51 Explanations, summaries and conclusions 52 Use of the Narrative to Explain other Documents 52 Substantiation by the use of Exhibits and Additional Documents 53 Compilation of the document 54 Summary of the Principles Covered in this Chapter 56 Chapter 5: Essential Elements of a Successful Claim 57 Introduction 57 Summary of the principles covered in this chapter 81 Chapter 6: The preliminaries to the claim 83 Introduction 83 Chapter 7: The Extension of Time Claim 107 The Method of Delay Analysis 108 The Extension of Time Claim 112 Chapter 8: The Claim for Additional Payment 129 Calculations 142 Chapter 9: The appendices and editing 147 Arrangement of the appendices 147 Editing and review 152 Chapter 10: Claim Responses and Determinations 155 Chapter 11: A note on dispute boards 183 Information Sources 191 FIDIC Clause References 193 Index 195

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsForeword Acknowledgements Working group for the revision of the Code of Practice List of Figures and Tables Chapter 0 Introduction Purpose Core concepts Environmental mandates (including social value and carbon net zero aspirations) Strategic drivers Guiding principles Themes Structure of the Code of Practice Application to practice GUIDANCE NOTES in the Appendix to the Code of Practice In summary Chapter 1 Identify: needs and benefits Purpose Activities Decisions Chapter 2 Assess: options and feasibility Purpose Activities Decisions Chapter 3 Define: delivery approach and procurement strategy Purpose Activities Decisions Chapter 4 Design: specifications and functionality Purpose Activities Decisions Chapter 5 Implement: manufacture and construction Purpose Activities Decisions Validate: integrate and handover Purpose Activities Decisions Chapter 7 Operate: use and maintain Purpose Activities Decisions Chapter 8 Retire: repurpose or demolish Purpose Activities Decisions Guidance note 1 Funding mechanisms Guidance note 2 Risk appetite and delegated limits of authority Guidance note 3 Assurance and the three lines model Guidance note 4 Design of the project organisation Guidance note 5 Consenting considerations Guidance note 6 Stakeholder analysis and mapping Guidance note 7 Benefit mapping Guidance note 8 Benefit measurement and realisation Guidance note 9 Soft landings framework Guidance Note 10 Information Management using BS EN ISO 19650 series of standards Guidance note 11 Project Mandate indicative contents Guidance note 12 Investment appraisal Guidance note 13 Business case Guidance note 14 Estimating Guidance note 15 Materials selection Guidance note 16 Options analysis and decision-making process Guidance note 17 Design in early lifecycle Guidance note 18 Site Selection and Acquisition Guidance note 19 Site investigations Guidance note 20 Project Brief indicative contents Guidance note 21 Delivery Model Assessments Guidance note 22 Choice of project management approach/method Guidance note 23 Impact of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) on delivery approach Guidance note 24 Forms of contract Guidance note 25 Behavioural procurement Guidance note 26 Tender procedures Guidance note 27 Dispute Resolution Guidance note 28 Project Execution Plan indicative content Guidance note 29 Scope and quality planning and management Guidance note 30 Time planning and management Guidance note 31 Resource planning and management Guidance note 32 Cost and budget planning and management Guidance note 33 Risk identification Guidance note 34 Risk analysis and evaluation Guidance note 35 Quantitative risk analysis and evaluation Guidance note 36 Contingency planning and management Guidance note 37 Progress monitoring, measuring and reporting Guidance note 38 Risk treatment Guidance Note 39 Issue resolution and problem solving Guidance note 40 Health and Safety Plan Guidance note 41 Preparation for stage gate reviews Guidance note 42 Change control Guidance note 43 Stakeholder engagement and communication Guidance note 44 Overview of the UK Health and Safety at Work etc Act, 1974 (HSWA 1974) Guidance note 45 Overview of the UK Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 (CDM 2015) Guidance note 46 Overview of the UK Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations, 2002 (DSEAR, 2002) Guidance note 47 Overview of the UK Housing Acts Guidance note 48 Overview of the UK Town and Country Planning Act 1990 Guidance note 49 Implications of the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996, Amended 2011. Guidance note 50 Overview of the Building Safety Bill (2021) and the UK Fire Safety Act (2021) Guidance note 51 Design management fundamentals Guidance note 52 Detailed design Guidance note 53 Off-site/on-site considerations Guidance note 54 Operations and maintenance (O&M) manual indicative content Guidance note 55 Client handover checklist: indicative content Guidance note 56 Client commissioning checklist – building services example Guidance Note 57 Post occupancy evaluation of buildings Guidance Note 58 Monitoring obsolescence Glossary Past working groups of Code of Practice for Project Management Index

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction ix List of Figures xii Acknowledgements xix Part 1 First Principles 1 1.1 First Principles 3 1.2 Crack Patterns and Cracks 8 1.3 Rotational Movement 9 1.4 Contra Rotational Movement 11 1.5 Weak Routes 14 1.6 Load Distribution 22 1.7 Movement and Orientation 26 1.8 Summary of First Principles and Process 28 Part 2 Cracks in Buildings Not Related to Foundations 31 2.1 Expansion Cracking 33 2.2 Cavity Wall Tie Corrosion 44 2.3 Corrosion of Metal Built into Walls 53 2.4 Vibration of Built-in Fixings 57 2.5 Roof Spread 60 2.6 Springing from Deflected Beams 67 2.7 Lack of Lateral Stability 70 2.8 Lack of Lateral Stability in Modern Gable Walls 76 2.9 False Chimneys, Lateral Instability and Movement in Gable Walls 79 2.10 Overloaded Beams 86 2.11 Absence of Lintels (Beams) Over Openings in Cavity Walls 91 2.12 Overloaded Floors 98 2.13 Overloaded Walls 102 2.14 Differential Movement 106 2.15 Arch Thrust and Arch Flattening 108 2.16 Arch Spread in Chimneys Built over Alleys in Terrace Housing 113 2.17 Buckling of Jambs to Sash Windows and Arch Flattening 118 2.18 Wall Shortening and Sequential Movement in Walls and Roofs (Holland’s Multiple Factor Diagnosis) 123 2.19 Load Path Cracking 135 2.20 Bulging of Walls Due to Decay of Bonding Timbers 138 2.21 Bulging and Separation in Solid Brick Walls 141 2.22 Separation of Rubble-Filled Stone Walls 144 2.23 Floor Slab Settlement (Compaction) 146 2.24 Load Concentrations 153 2.25 Sulphate Attack 155 2.26 Concrete Block Shrinkage 161 2.27 Shrinkage of Calcium Silicate Bricks 165 2.28 Heat Expansion of Flue Blocks 168 2.29 Floor Cracking in Suspended Concrete Beam and Block Floors 172 2.30 Vehicular Impact Damage (Usually Garages) 177 Part 3 Cracks in Buildings Related to the Foundations and Ground Movement 183 3.1 Introduction 185 3.1.1 Design for Load 187 3.1.2 Design for Stability 189 3.1.3 Identifying Below Ground Defects 190 3.2 Foundation Movement Caused by Clay Shrinkage 193 3.3 Clay Heave 201 3.4 Seasonal Expansion of Clay Subsoil 204 3.5 Eccentric Loading on Foundations 206 3.6 Uneven Loading 209 3.7 Load Concentrations on Foundations 211 3.8 Differential Foundation Movement 213 3.9 Initial Settlement after Construction or Alterations 218 3.10 Differential Foundation Settlement Cracking between Chimneys and Party Walls, in Alleys Running through Terraces 221 3.11 Leaking Drains and Water Discharge near to Buildings 225 3.12 Drains and Drain Trenches 228 3.13 Cracking Associated with Raft Foundations 231 Part 4 Repair Methods 241 4.1 Introduction 243 4.2 Re-pointing 245 4.3 Re-pointing with Epoxy Mortar 247 4.4 Stitching in Brickwork 248 4.5 Reinforcing Brick Mortar Joints 249 4.6 Tie Bars 251 4.7 Restraint Straps 254 4.8 Buttresses/Piers 256 4.9 Preventing Roof Spread 257 4.10 Underpinning 259 4.11 Expanding Foam Underpinning 263 4.12 Grouting 265 4.13 Root Barriers 267 Index 269

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive treatment of current fastening technology using inserts (anchor channels, headed stud), anchors (metal expansion anchor, undercut anchor, bonded anchor, concrete screw and plastic anchor) as well as power actuated fasteners in concrete. It describes in detail the fastening elements as well as their effects and load-bearing capacities in cracked and non-cracked concrete. It further focuses on corrosion behaviour, fire resistance and characteristics with earthquakes and shocks. It finishes off with the design of fastenings according to the European Technical Approval Guideline (ETAG 001), the Final Draft of the CEN Technical Specification 'Design of fastenings for use in concrete' and the American Standards ACI 318-05, Appendix D and ACI 349-01, Appendix B.Table of Contents1 Introduction 1 1.1 A historical review 1 1.2 Requirements for fastenings 2 1.3 Nature and direction of actions 2 2 Fastening systems 5 2.1 General 5 2.2 Cast-in-place systems 5 2.3 Drilled-in systems 10 2.4 Direct installation 29 3 Principles 33 3.1 General 33 3.2 Behaviour of concrete in tension 34 3.3 Failure mechanisms of fastenings 37 3.4 Cracked concrete 51 3.5 Why anchors may use the tensile strength of concrete 54 3.6 Prestressing of anchors 55 3.7 Loads on anchors 58 4 Behaviour of headed studs, undercut anchors and metal expansion anchors in non-cracked and cracked concrete 65 4.1 Non-cracked concrete 65 4.2 Cracked concrete 142 5 Behaviour of cast-in anchor channels in non-cracked and cracked concrete 163 5.1 Non-cracked concrete 163 5.2 Cracked concrete 179 6 Behaviour of bonded anchors in non-cracked and cracked concrete 181 6.1 Non-cracked concrete 181 6.2 Cracked concrete 204 6.3 Bonded undercut anchors and bonded expansion anchors 208 7 Behaviour of plastic anchors in non-cracked and cracked concrete 211 7.1 Non-cracked concrete 211 7.2 Cracked concrete 220 8 Behaviour of power actuated fasteners in non-cracked and cracked concrete 223 8.1 Non-cracked concrete 223 8.2 Cracked concrete 225 9 Behaviour of screw anchors in non-cracked and cracked concrete 227 9.1 Installation 227 9.2 Non-cracked concrete 231 9.3 Cracked concrete 234 10 Behaviour of anchors under seismic loading 237 10.1 Anchor applications 237 10.2 Seismic actions 238 10.4 Behaviour of anchors under seismic conditions 240 11 Behaviour of anchors in fire 249 12 Corrosion of anchors 255 13 Influence of fastenings on the capacity of components in which they are installed 259 14 Design of fastenings 265 14.1 General 265 14.2 Verifying the suitability of an anchor system 266 14.3 Design of fastenings with post-installed metal expansion, undercut and bonded expansion anchors according to the EOTA Guideline 267 14.4 Design of fastenings according to the CEN Technical Specification 283 14.5 Design of fastenings with cast-in and post-installed metal anchors according to ACI 318-05 Appendix D 330 References 343 Subject Index 371

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewAn aesthetically pleasing ornament and an educational encyclopaedia of global architecture styles, construction materials, religion and history. * Geographical *

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Book SynopsisThis new edition of A Dictionary of Construction, Surveying, and Civil Engineering is the most up-to-date dictionary of its kind. In more than 8,000 entries it covers the key areas of civil and construction engineering, construction technology and practice, construction management techniques and processes, as well as legal aspects such as contracts and procurement.It has been updated with more than 600 new entries spanning subjects such as sustainability, new technologies, disaster management, and building software. New additions include terms such as Air source heat pump, hydraulic failure, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, off-site construction, predictive performance, sustainable development, and value engineering. Useful diagrams and web links complement the text, which also includes suggestions for further reading. With contributions from more than 130 experts from around the world, this dictionary is an authoritative resource for engineering students, construction profesTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgements A-Z text Further reading

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Book SynopsisWritten to Eurocode 7 and the UK National AnnexUpdated to reflect the current usage of Eurocode 7, along with relevant parts of the British Standards, Pile Design and Construction Practice, Sixth Edition maintains the empirical correlations of the originalâcombining practical know how with scientific knowledge âand emphasizing relevant principles and applications of soil mechanics and design. Contractors, geotechnical engineers and engineering geologists responsible for designing and constructing piled foundations can find the most current types of pile, piling equipment, and relevant methods in this latest work. The book summarizes recent changes, including new codified design procedures addressing design parameters and partial safety factors. It also presents several examples, many based on actual problems.Broad and Comprehensive In Its Coverage Trade Review "If you work in the ground engineering sector then this is a must for your bookshelf. ... Now in its sixth edition, this book adheres (excuse the pun) to the guiding principles of the first… New material extends to the consideration of new codified design procedures such as Eurocodes, the use and development of larger more powerful pile installation equipment and new methods of analysis based on current innovation and research."—Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, November 2015 "This is the standard of care, the ultimate, practical arbitrator."—Donald A Bruce, Geosystems LP "The book gives a comprehensive overview of the piling techniques in common use, their advantages and disadvantages. This information gives a sound basis for the selection of a given technique. Design of piles to Eurocode 7 is well described and all the general pile installation methods covered."—Hilary Skinner, Donaldson Associates Ltd "If you work in the ground engineering sector then this is a must for your bookshelf. ... Now in its sixth edition, this book adheres (excuse the pun) to the guiding principles of the first… New material extends to the consideration of new codified design procedures such as Eurocodes, the use and development of larger more powerful pile installation equipment and new methods of analysis based on current innovation and research."—Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, November 2015 "This is the standard of care, the ultimate, practical arbitrator."—Donald A Bruce, Geosystems LP "The book gives a comprehensive overview of the piling techniques in common use, their advantages and disadvantages. This information gives a sound basis for the selection of a given technique. Design of piles to Eurocode 7 is well described and all the general pile installation methods covered."—Hilary Skinner, Donaldson Associates Ltd Table of ContentsGeneral principles and practices. Types of pile. Piling equipment and methods. Calculating the resistance of piles to compressive loads. Pile groups under compressive loading. Design of piled foundations to resist uplift and lateral loading. Some aspects of the structural design of piles and pile groups. Piling for marine structures. Miscellaneous piling problems. Durability of piled foundations. Ground investigations, piling contracts, and pile testing. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe authoritative industry guide on good practice for planning and scheduling in construction This handbook acts as a guide to good practice, a text to accompany learning and a reference document for those needing information on background, best practice, and methods for practical application.Table of ContentsNotes on Contributors xiv Foreword xvii Preface xviii Acknowledgements xxi About the Companion Website xxii Section I Planning and Scheduling within the Construction Context 1 Introduction 1 1 An Introduction to Planning and Scheduling 3 A brief history of planning and scheduling 3 Critical path methods 4 The impact of the PC 5 New systems and new thinking 6 New information and communication technologies 6 Planning 7 Who plans? 8 Planning, programming and scheduling 8 The cost and benefits of planning 10 Types of plans 11 An activity of the mind 11 Planning for construction 12 The planning process in the project cycle 13 PRINCE2 14 CIOB code of practice for project management for construction and development 15 The RIBA plan of work 17 The process protocol map 19 Summary 23 How is the planning process affected by procurement? 24 The context of construction project planning 27 Procurement and the performance of the UK construction industry 28 The Egan report (1998) 29 Partnering 30 Public sector construction procurement: The private finance initiative (PFI) 31 What do construction planners do? 31 Construction planning practice: a summary 33 Key points 34 2 Managing Construction Projects 36 Li Baiyi and Simon Austin Project management body of knowledge (PMBOK) 36 Simultaneous management 41 Lean construction 42 A theory of construction as production by projects 44 Collaborative working 46 Morris’ perspective 47 Summary 47 Key points 50 Section II Planning and Scheduling Techniques and Practices 51 Introduction 51 3 Planning and Scheduling Techniques 53 To-do lists 53 Bar charts 55 Flow diagrams 56 Flow charts 56 Work study 57 Network analysis 59 Activity-on-arrow networks 60 Drawing the network 60 Precedence diagrams 63 Drawing the network-precedence diagrams 63 Linked bar charts 65 Space diagrams 65 Time chainage charts 65 Multiple activity charts 69 Line of balance 71 Line of balance – resource scheduling 73 ADePT 74 Data flow diagrams 75 A generic model for detailed building design 75 Dependency structure matrix analysis 76 Producing project and departmental schedules 79 4D CAD 79 Key points 80 4 Planning and Scheduling Practices 81 Schedule design and structure 81 Level 1 schedule report 81 Level 2 schedule report 82 Level 3 schedule report 82 Level 4 schedule report 83 Level 5 schedule report 83 What is required on smaller projects? 83 Creating these schedules 84 Work Breakdown Structure 84 Pre-tender planning, pre-contract planning, contract planning 86 Pre-tender planning 86 Pre-contract planning 92 Contract planning 94 Activities: selection, sequencing and duration 96 Activity selection 96 Sequencing 98 Assessing the duration of each activity 99 Links, dependencies and constraints 100 Float and contingency 102 Total float 103 Free float 104 Interfering float 105 Independent float 105 Intermittent float 106 Negative float 107 Terminal float 108 Internal float 108 Contingency 109 Manipulation of float 110 Who owns the float? 111 Monitoring progress and managing the time model 112 Reviewing the assumptions used to produce the schedule 113 Collecting and reviewing production records and progress reports 114 Reviewing the activities currently in progress 114 Updating the schedule 115 Identifying intervening events 117 Assessing progress and forecasting completion 119 Reviewing contingencies and revising the working schedule to effect a recovery 119 Other methods of monitoring progress 119 Milestone monitoring 119 Cash flow monitoring 120 Activity schedules 120 Planned progress monitoring 120 Earned value analysis 121 Resources and cost optimisation 122 Resources 122 Method statements 127 Format of the method statement 127 The tender method statement (for submission to the client) 127 The tender method statement (for internal use) 129 The construction or work method statement 129 The health and safety method statement 129 Planning method statement 130 Site layout plans 132 At the tender stage 132 At the pre-contract stage 134 At the contract stage 134 Site waste management plans 134 Contractors’ cash flow 135 Bank borrowings 136 Head office overheads 136 Working capital 136 Uncertainty and risk 139 Risk management 140 How do contractors price risk in bids? 143 Key points 146 Section III Planning and Scheduling Methods 149 Introduction 149 5 Critical Chain Project Management 151 Background 151 How does CCPM differ from accepted best practice in project management? 152 Establishing the critical chain 152 Monitoring and controlling the critical chain 153 A critical review of CCPM 155 Key points 157 6 Earned Value Analysis 158 Terminology and definitions 158 Cost Performance Index (CPI) 159 Cost variance 159 Earned value analysis (EVA) 159 Earned value management (EVM) 159 Earned value management system (EVMS) 159 Budgeted cost of work scheduled 159 Budget at completion (BAC) 159 Actual cost of work performed (ACWP) 160 Budgeted cost of work performed (BCWP) 160 Earned value (EV) 160 Performance measurement baseline 160 Schedule Performance Index (SPI) 160 Schedule variance (SV) 160 The basis of the EVA 160 Earned value analysis calculations and their interpretation 163 Forecasting 164 An example of EVA calculations 164 Earned value management systems 167 Problems and pitfalls of EVA and how to overcome them 168 Key points 170 7 Last Planner® 171 Background 171 The development of Last Planner® 172 Principles of the Last Planner System® (LPS) 174 Implementing the Last Planner System® (LPS) 175 Improving production performance 179 Benefits of the Last Planner® System 179 Barriers to the adoption of Last Planner® 180 Key points 181 8 ADePT–Planning, Managing and Controlling the Design Process 182 Background 182 A new way of working 183 Defining the scope of the design process 185 Process sequencing 185 Scheduling 185 Controlling the design workflow 186 Practical implementation 186 A facilitated approach to planning 186 Integrating design with procurement and construction 188 Managing constraints and measuring progress 189 Summary 191 Key points 191 9 Building Information Modelling (BIM) 192 What is building information modelling (BIM)? 192 BIM is not new 193 Why now? 194 BIM maturity levels 195 Level 0 195 Level 1 195 Level 2 196 Level 3 196 The development of 4D CAD 197 Virtual construction 200 The requirement collection phase 200 The model building phase 200 The process simulation phase 202 How will BIM change construction planning and scheduling? 202 BIM and the law 203 Key points 203 10 Planning for Sustainability with BREEAM 204 Samuel Ewuosho Background 204 The need for sustainable construction 204 Drivers of sustainable construction 205 Legislative drivers 205 Client (market-led) requirements 206 Professional responsibility 206 Competitors 206 BREEAM 207 BREEAM sections 209 Management 209 Health and wellbeing 209 Energy 209 Transport 210 Water section 210 Materials 211 Waste 211 Land use and ecology 211 Pollution section 211 Innovation 211 Industry response to BREEAM 212 Case study analysis 213 Different projects produce different management situations 213 Individual perceptions of sustainability and BREEAM 214 Key points 215 11 Planning for Waste Management 216 Sarah-Jane Holmes and Mohamed Osmani Background 216 Construction waste causes and origins 217 Materials procurement 217 Design 218 Site operations 218 On-site waste management practices 219 On-site waste management techniques 220 Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP) requirements 221 How the research was undertaken 222 Research results 222 Construction waste origins 222 Waste production and potential waste minimisation across projects’ life cycle 223 Discussion 225 Key challenges associated with implementing SWMPs 226 Key points 227 12 Planning for Safety, Health and Environment 228 Alastair Gibb Background 228 SHE management model: An overview 228 Planning 230 Hazard/risk identification and control 231 Risk control measures 231 Developing the SHE plan 239 Programme for occupational health 242 Right info, right people, right time 243 Construction risk assessments 243 Constructability reviews 243 Method statements 244 Job safety analysis (JSA) 244 Environment 245 Emergency preparedness 245 Key points 246 Section IV Delay and Forensic Analysis 247 Introduction 247 13 Delays 249 Delay and disruption: Definitions 249 Delays 250 Categories of delay 251 Types of delay 251 Date 251 Total 252 Extended 252 Additional 254 Progress 254 Sequence 255 Fragnets 256 Prospective versus retrospective delay and other concepts 256 Key points 259 14 Factual Information 260 The As-Planned schedule 260 Correcting the As-Planned schedule 261 Key contract dates 262 Missing logic links 262 Constraints 263 Activity durations 264 Sequence of activities 264 Missing activities 265 Additional activities 265 Scope change 266 Software 266 Bar chart to network 267 As-built/progress records 269 As-built schedule 272 Key points 275 15 Protocols and Methods of Analysis 276 The Society of Construction Law Delay and Disruption Protocol 276 AACEI recommended practice no. 29R-03 – Forensic schedule analysis 279 Methods of analysis 280 Global claims 286 As-planned versus as-built 289 Impacted as-planned 291 Time impact analysis 300 Collapsed as-built 317 Windows 319 As-Planned versus As-Built 325 Time impact analysis 325 As-Planned versus As- Built #2 Or Time Slice Analysis 326 Key points 327 16 Disruption 328 Definitions and background 328 Methods of analysis 329 Measured mile 329 Leonard/Ibbs curves 332 Indices and statistics 335 Key points 336 17 Other Issues 337 Out-of-Sequence progress 337 Progress override 338 Retained logic 338 Omissions 340 Calendars 341 Weather 345 Concurrent delay 348 Pacing 352 Mitigation 352 Acceleration 354 Employer/contractor/subcontractor schedules 355 Key points 356 Appendices Appendix 1 BIM Case Study: One Island East 358 Appendix 2 The Shepherd Way and Collaborative Planning 362 Appendix 3 Building Information Modelling (BIM) and English Law 367 Stacy Sinclair Glossary 371 References 389 Index 399

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisThe process of food inspection relies on an inspector's understanding of the intrinsic hazards associated with individual foods. Whereas spoilage can usually be determined through a simple organoleptic assessment, the judgment of whether a food is fit for human consumption requires an evaluation of health hazards, many of which may not be apparent through physical assessment. Instead, the inspector must analyse and integrate scientific and handling information to evaluate the potential health risk. Now fully updated and expanded in this second edition, Food Safety and Inspection: An Introduction focuses on food categories and describes common hazards associated with each, using published peer-reviewed research to explain and evaluate the health risk.With the adulteration of foods becoming an increasing problem, and the complexity of the food supply chain an understanding of risk points to allow targeted inspection and assessment is required. This book offers solutions to this as well as new chapters and material that centres on specialist products and processes that are challenging to inspect, including charcuterie, sous vide and allergen contamination. This practically minded book is designed to support the role of food inspection in the modern food industry.This book is an essential read for anyone interested in studying for certification to become a food inspector and those studying food safety courses at university or in practice.

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Book SynopsisComputing is revolutionizing the creative process, transforming how designers approach ideation, prototyping, fabrication, communication, and presentation. Yet, many lack the foundational knowledge needed to fully harness its potential. Designing with Algorithms: A Mathematical Guide bridges this gap, offering a comprehensive, step-by-step exploration of algorithmic practices applicable across diverse design fields.This guide begins with foundational theories, illuminating the role of mathematics and computational logic in design thinking. It progresses to practical techniques for creating parametric 2D and 3D geometries, grid systems, patterns, forms, and fonts. The book culminates in real-world case designs, showcasing diverse applications of generative algorithms across urban design, architecture, graphic design, typography, fashion, and more. Unlike software-specific guides, this book emphasizes process and adaptability, teaching readers to think algorithmically and develop skills transferable to any programming platform.Whether you're a student, practitioner, or enthusiast, this book empowers you to future-proof your design practice and unlock the creative potential of computation.

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Book SynopsisThe RICS New Rules of Measurement mean that the construction industry now has a way of allowing a more consistent approach to the measurement and estimating of buildings from the start of a project, right through until the end, and beyond.Table of ContentsPreface ix Acknowledgements xi List of Drawings xiii List of Tables xv List of Diagrams xix Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations xxi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Standard methods of measurement 4 1.3 Contract documentation 7 2 A Practical Introduction to Measurement 9 2.1 A practical introduction to measurement 9 2.2 Measurement procedure 14 2.3 Self-assessment exercise: Protocols 18 3 Corners 19 3.1 Measurement information 19 3.2 Methodology 20 3.3 Practical application: Corners 21 3.4 Self-assessment exercise: Internal and external dimensions 27 4 Substructure 29 4.1 Measurement information 29 4.2 Technology 33 4.3 Practical application: Substructure to doctors’ surgery 36 4.4 Self-assessment exercise: Trench foundations 50 5 Basement 51 5.1 Measurement information 52 5.2 Technology 55 5.3 Practical application: Brick basement to adjacent building 56 5.4 Self-assessment exercise: Basement to offi ce building 65 6 Sloping Site 67 6.1 Measurement information 67 6.2 Technology 71 6.3 Practical application: Pair of houses 72 6.4 Self-assessment exercise: Grid of levels 88 7 Underpinning 89 7.1 Measurement information 90 7.2 Technology 93 7.3 Practical application: Underpinning to basement 95 7.4 Self-assessment exercise: Trench excavation 104 8 Reinforced Concrete Frame 105 8.1 Measurement information 105 8.2 Technology 108 8.3 Practical application: Reinforced concrete frame 109 8.4 Self-assessment exercise: Formwork 124 9 Brickwork 125 9.1 Measurement information 125 9.2 Technology 132 9.3 Practical application: Brickwork 133 9.4 Self-assessment exercise: Structural openings in brickwork 148 10 Openings, Doors and Windows 149 10.1 Measurement information 150 10.2 Technology 153 10.3 Practical application: Openings, doors and windows 154 10.4 Self-assessment exercise: Openings and doors 161 11 Flat Roofs 163 11.1 Measurement information 164 11.2 Technology 167 11.3 Practical application: Flat roof 168 11.4 Self-assessment exercise: Gutters 172 12 Pitched Roofs 173 12.1 Measurement information 174 12.2 Technology 176 12.3 Practical application: Pitched roof 177 12.4 Self-assessment exercise: Tiling to roof 185 13 Steelwork 187 13.1 Measurement information 187 13.2 Technology 189 13.3 Practical application: Agricultural building 190 13.4 Self-assessment exercise: Steelwork to pergola 196 14 Partitions 197 14.1 Measurement information 198 13.2 Technology 203 14.3 Practical application: Hostel first floor 205 14.4 Self-assessment exercise: Hostel ground floor 210 15 Curtain Walling 211 15.1 Measurement information 211 15.2 Technology 215 15.3 Practical application: Aircraft showroom gridline 1 216 15.4 Self-assessment exercise: Gridline A 218 16 Finishes 219 16.1 Measurement information 219 16.2 Technology 223 16.3 Practical application: Medical centre 223 16.4 Self-assessment exercise: Floor, wall and ceiling finishes 235 17 Drainage 237 17.1 Measurement information 237 17.2 Technology 240 17.3 Practical application: West wing 241 17.4 Self-assessment exercise: Drainage to patio and drive 254 18 Domestic Plumbing 255 18.1 Measurement information 255 18.2 Technology 261 18.3 Practical application: Penthouse hot and cold water and soil and waste pipework 262 18.4 Self-assessment exercise: Two bed house 274 19 Mechanical Services 275 19.1 Measurement information 275 19.2 Technology: Air conditioning 279 19.3 Practical application: Penthouse air conditioning 280 19.4 Self-assessment exercise: Ventilation 284 20 Electrical Services 285 20.1 Measurement information 285 20.2 Technology 288 20.3 Practical application: Penthouse small power 289 20.4 Self-assessment exercise: Lighting 292 21 External Works 293 21.1 Measurement information 294 21.2 Technology 297 21.3 Practical application: Retaining walls 298 21.4 Self-assessment exercise: Fencing 304 22 Preliminaries 305 22.1 Introduction 305 22.2 Overheads and profi t 314 22.3 Practical application: Schedule of preliminaries 314 22.4 Self-assessment exercise: Weekly costs 316 23 Computer Aided Taking Off 317 23.1 Introduction 317 23.2 Screen based learning 317 23.3 Practical application: Click by click guide to CATO 319 23.4 Self-assessment exercise: CATO 327 24 Preparation of Bills of Quantities 329 24.1 BQ preparation 329 24.2 Practical application: Abstract and BQ for reinforced concrete frame 331 24.3 Self-assessment exercise: Abstract and BQ for substructure 338 References 339 Index 341

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Book SynopsisThe recent rise to prominence of renewable energy and energy efficiency has been driven by their potential to lower the environmental impacts of energy use. As these technologies mature they must demonstrate not only their environmental benefits, but also their economic competitiveness.Table of ContentsSymbols, Units and Abbreviations ix About the Companion Website xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 2 1.2 Aim 4 1.3 Aspects of renewable energy project appraisal 6 1.4 Book layout 8 References 10 2 Technologies 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Key concepts 11 2.2.1 Heat of combustion 12 2.2.2 Efficiency 12 2.2.3 Rated power and energy 12 2.2.4 Capacity and availability factors 13 2.2.5 Technology learning 13 2.3 Electrical power generation 14 2.3.1 Natural-gas-fired power plant 14 2.3.2 Coal-fired power plant 15 2.3.3 Hydropower 17 2.3.4 Wind power 19 2.3.5 Ocean energy 22 2.3.6 Photovoltaics 25 2.4 Heat generation 28 2.4.1 Boilers 28 2.4.2 Solar water heaters 30 2.5 Combined heat and power 34 2.5.1 Micro-CHP 36 2.5.2 CHP engines 37 2.5.3 CHP turbines 37 2.5.4 Combined heat, power and cooling 38 2.6 Energy storage 39 2.6.1 Electrical 40 2.6.2 Pumped hydroelectric storage 40 2.6.3 Compressed air energy storage 42 2.6.4 Thermal energy storage 44 2.7 Energy efficiency 45 2.7.1 Thermal insulation 46 2.7.2 High-efficiency lighting 48 References 50 3 Modelling Energy Systems 53 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 System, model and simulation 54 3.2.1 Systems 54 3.2.2 Models 58 3.2.3 Simulation 71 3.3 Modelling and simulating energy systems 76 3.3.1 Steps in simulating energy projects 76 3.3.2 Simulation tools 79 3.3.3 Data sources 79 3.4 Case studies 83 3.4.1 Office PV system 83 3.4.2 Gas heat pump for data room cooling 87 3.4.3 Compressed air energy storage 90 3.5 Conclusions 93 References 95 4 Financial Analysis 97 4.1 Introduction 97 4.2 Fundamentals 98 4.2.1 Investor perspective 98 4.2.2 Types of projects and decisions 99 4.2.3 Cash flows 100 4.2.4 Real and nominal prices 104 4.2.5 Present value 106 4.2.6 Discount rates 109 4.2.7 Taxation and depreciation 112 4.2.8 Unequal project lifespan 114 4.3 Financial measures 116 4.3.1 Payback and discounted payback periods 117 4.3.2 Return on investment 120 4.3.3 Profitability index and savings-to-investment ratio 121 4.3.4 Net present value 123 4.3.5 Internal Rate of Return 127 4.3.6 Life cycle cost 131 4.3.7 Levelised Cost of Energy 132 4.3.8 Uncertainty and risk 134 4.3.9 Financial measures compared 136 4.4 Case studies 139 4.4.1 Municipal bus fleet conversion to compressed natural gas 139 4.4.2 New wind farm development 142 4.5 Conclusion 148 References 149 5 Multi-Criteria Analysis 151 5.1 General 151 5.2 Simple non-compensatory methods 152 5.2.1 Introduction 152 5.2.2 Dominance 153 5.2.3 Satisficing methods 155 5.2.4 Sequential elimination methods 157 5.2.5 Attitude-oriented methods 158 5.3 Simple additive weighting method 160 5.3.1 Basic simple additive weighting method 160 5.3.2 Sensitivity analysis of baseline SAW results 163 5.3.3 Assigning weights to the decision criteria 164 5.4 Analytic hierarchy process 168 5.4.1 Introduction 168 5.4.2 Hierarchies 169 5.4.3 Establishing priorities within hierarchies 169 5.4.4 Establishing and calculating priorities 171 5.4.5 Deriving priorities using an approximation method 172 5.4.6 Deriving exact priorities using the iterative Eigenvector method 173 5.5 Concordance analysis 181 5.5.1 Introduction 181 5.5.2 PROMETHEE I 184 5.5.3 ELECTRE TRI 188 5.6 Site selection for wind farms – a case study from Cavan (Ireland) 189 5.6.1 Introduction 189 5.6.2 National and international guidance 189 5.6.3 Decision framework chosen 194 5.6.4 Decision model utilised to categorise each of the 18 sites 195 5.6.5 Selection of potentially suitable sites 198 5.6.6 Concluding comment on case studies 198 5.7 Concluding comments on MCDA models 200 References 202 6 Policy Aspects 203 6.1 Energy policy context 203 6.2 Energy policy overview 206 6.2.1 Policy instruments and targets 206 6.2.2 Designing policy instruments 208 6.3 Marginal abatement cost 210 6.3.1 Environmental life cycle assessment 211 6.3.2 Estimating marginal abatement costs 221 6.4 Subsidy design 224 6.4.1 Types of energy subsidies 224 6.4.2 Calculating feed-in-tariffs 226 6.5 Social cost–benefit analysis 230 6.5.1 Define the objective and identify base case 231 6.5.2 Identify costs and benefits 231 6.5.3 Value costs and benefits 233 6.5.4 Discount the costs and benefits 235 6.5.5 Interpret results 237 6.5.6 Assess who bears the costs and benefits 237 6.5.7 Uncertainty 238 6.5.8 Make decision 238 6.6 Case studies 238 6.6.1 Marginal abatement costs of emission mitigation options in a building estate 238 6.6.2 PV feed-in-tariff design 243 6.7 Conclusions 248 References 248 Appendix A: Table of Discount Factors 251 Index 253

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Book SynopsisThe new and enhanced edition of the popular textbook on research methods in construction and related disciplines Research Methods for Construction is designed to help construction students develop the research skills needed to achieve success in their research projects. Providing clear guidance on research formulation, methodologies, and methods, this comprehensive textbook addresses the theoretical, philosophical, and practical aspects of research in many areas of construction. The authors explain the requirements for data and analysis and describe the methods used for scientific and engineering experiments, modelling and simulations, research on management and socio-economic issues, and more. Now in its fifth edition, Research Methods for Construction is fully revised to reflect contemporary developments and emerging areas of construction research. New and expanded chapters cover topics including data protection and ethics, theory borrowing, sensemaking, and directionally motivated reasoning. This edition includes additional models and details relating to translation, and offers fresh discussion of axiology, determinism, and stochasticism. Providing students with coherent, well-structured account of construction research, this market-leading textbook: Emphasizes and instils rigor into construction students' problem-solving, reports, and publicationsAssists researchers in selecting appropriate methods to execute researchArticulates the stages of construction research processes: producing a proposal, executing the research, and reporting the resultsExamines qualitative and quantitative approaches and statistical considerations for a wide range of construction researchDiscusses current ethical, legal, and regulatory issues pertaining to research in construction The fifth edition of Research Methods for Construction is the ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students embarking on a research project, at bachelors, masters or doctoral level, in construction, surveying, architecture, civil engineering, and other built environment disciplines.Table of ContentsContents About the Authors ix Preface to the Fifth Edition xi Part 1 Producing a Proposal 1 1 Introduction 3 1.1 The concept of research 3 1.1.1 Research: a careful search/investigation 4 1.1.2 Research: contribution to knowledge 4 1.1.3 A learning process 6 1.1.4 Contextual factors affecting research 6 1.2 Classifications of research 7 1.2.1 Pure and applied research 7 1.2.2 Quantitative and qualitative research 8 1.2.3 Other categories of research 11 1.3 Theories and paradigms 12 1.3.1 Development of knowledge 13 1.3.2 Testing a theory 16 1.3.3 Paradigms 19 1.3.4 Positivism 20 1.3.5 Interpretivism 21 1.3.6 Pragmatism 23 1.3.7 Models and hypotheses 23 1.4 Research styles 25 1.4.1 Action research 25 1.4.2 Ethnographic research 26 1.4.3 Surveys 27 1.4.4 Case studies 28 1.4.5 Experiments 29 1.5 Quantitative and qualitative approaches 31 1.5.1 Quantitative approaches 32 1.5.2 Qualitative approaches 32 1.5.3 Triangulated studies 32 1.5.4 Data sources 33 1.6 Where to begin 35 1.7 Summary 36 References 37 2 Topic for Study 41 2.1 Selection of a topic 41 2.1.1 Resources 41 2.1.2 Subject selection 43 2.1.3 Choosing a topic 46 2.1.4 Evaluating alternatives 46 2.1.5 Refining a topic 47 2.2 Writing the proposal 48 2.2.1 Aim 49 2.2.2 Proposition 49 2.2.3 Objectives 50 2.2.4 Hypotheses 51 2.2.5 Methodology and methods 53 2.2.6 Programme 55 2.2.7 Deliverables and industrial or practitioner support 55 2.3 Summary 56 References 56 Part 2 Executing the Research 59 3 Initial Research 61 3.1 The research process 61 3.1.1 Initial phase 64 3.1.2 Data and information 66 3.1.3 Dynamic process 68 3.2 Initial search 69 3.2.1 Definitions and assumptions 71 3.2.2 Theory and literature reviews 71 3.2.3 Analysing data from a search 72 3.3 Literature based discovery 75 3.4 Assembling the theoretical framework 76 3.4.1 Theory borrowing 79 3.4.2 Theorising 83 3.5 Philosophy and paradigms 84 3.5.1 Ontology, epistemology, and axiology 86 3.5.2 Positivism 88 3.5.3 Realism 89 3.5.4 Interpretivism 91 3.5.5 Constructivism 92 3.5.6 Phenomenalism 93 3.5.7 Postmodernism 95 3.5.8 Pragmatism 96 3.6 Fuzzy thinking 96 3.7 Theoretical models and constructs 97 3.7.1 Theoretical model 98 3.7.2 Constructs 100 3.8 Proper referencing 101 3.9 Summary 103 Notes 104 References 104 4 Approaches to Empirical Work 110 4.1 Starting data collection 110 4.2 Experience 111 4.3 Reasoning and inference 112 4.3.1 Sensemaking 114 4.3.2 Motivated reasoning 115 4.3.3 Determinism and stochasticism 117 4.3.4 Complexity 119 4.4 Systems of methods 122 4.5 Research design 123 4.5.1 Context 126 4.5.2 Variance and errors 126 4.5.3 Empiricism, rationalism, and verification 127 4.6 Qualitative and quantitative approaches 129 4.6.1 When are qualitative approaches employed? 130 4.6.2 When are quantitative approaches employed? 134 4.7 Experimental 135 4.7.1 Experiments and quasi-experiments 135 4.7.2 Variables 138 4.7.3 Experimental control 141 4.7.4 Replication 142 4.7.5 Between-subjects design (simple randomised experiments) 143 4.7.6 Between-subjects design (matched randomised groups) 143 4.7.7 Within-subject design (repeated measure design) 144 4.7.8 Factorial experiments 145 4.8 Survey 145 4.9 Secondary 147 4.9.1 Archival 149 4.9.2 Meta-analysis 150 4.10 Case study 151 4.11 Ethnographic 155 4.11.1 Ethnography 156 4.11.2 Ethnomethodology 158 4.12 Action 158 4.13 Grounded theory (development of theory from data) 159 4.14 Narrative 162 4.15 Modelling 163 4.15.1 Classification of models 163 4.15.2 Deterministic and stochastic models 164 4.15.3 The modelling process 165 4.16 Simulation 166 4.16.1 Dynamism 166 4.16.2 Heuristics 166 4.16.3 Approaches 167 4.17 Level of research 168 4.18 Practice-based research 171 4.19 Summary 175 References 176 5 Hypotheses 182 5.1 Essentials of a valid hypothesis 182 5.2 Roles of hypotheses 185 5.3 Objective testing of hypotheses 187 5.4 Role of sampling 188 5.5 Common statistical measures 191 5.5.1 Normal distribution 196 5.6 Null hypotheses 198 5.7 Validities 199 5.8 Summary 202 References 202 6 Data Collection 204 6.1 Data requirements 204 6.2 Sources of quantitative data 207 6.3 Collecting data from respondents 210 6.3.1 Questionnaires 213 6.3.2 Interviews 215 6.4 Case studies 218 6.5 Triangulation 218 6.6 Sampling 219 6.6.1 Sample size 223 6.7 Scales of measurement 227 6.7.1 Scaling techniques (non-metric and metric) 229 6.7.2 Non-comparative (metric) scales 229 6.7.3 Comparative (non-metric) scales 230 6.7.4 Common scaling methods 231 6.7.5 Development of multi-item scales 233 6.8 Obtaining data 235 6.9 Translation 243 6.10 Response styles and biases 244 6.11 Summary 246 References 247 7 Data Analysis 251 7.1 Analysing data 251 7.2 Plotting data 256 7.3 Statistical methods 260 7.4 Non-parametric tests 261 7.4.1 Sign test 261 7.4.2 Rank-sum tests 262 7.4.3 Chi-square (𝜒2) test 266 7.4.4 Goodness of fit 267 7.5 Parametric tests 267 7.5.1 t-Test 268 7.5.2 Analysis of variance (ANOVA) 268 7.5.3 Regression and correlation 271 7.5.4 Multiple regression 276 7.5.5 Time series 277 7.5.6 Index numbers 282 7.5.7 Simple average index 283 7.5.8 Chained index 287 7.6 Other analytical techniques 289 7.6.1 Cluster analysis 289 7.6.2 Factor analysis 290 7.6.3 Path analysis 292 7.6.4 Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) 295 7.7 Analysis of qualitative data 296 7.7.1 Analysing documents (from texts) 297 7.7.2 Conversation analysis 299 7.7.3 Discourse analysis 300 7.7.4 Social network analysis 301 7.7.5 Multi-level research 303 7.7.6 Meta-analysis 304 7.7.7 Longitudinal research 304 7.8 Summary 305 References 306 8 Ethics in Research 310 8.1 The concepts of morals and ethics 310 8.2 Research ethics 314 8.2.1 Theory and literature 317 8.2.2 Data collection, use, and disposal 318 8.3 Data analysis, intellectual property, and data protection 320 8.3.1 Data analysis, results, and reporting 320 8.3.2 Intellectual property 322 8.3.3 Data protection 322 8.4 Equality, diversity, and inclusion 323 8.5 Summary 327 References 328 Part 3 Reporting the Results 331 9 Results, Inferences, and Conclusions 333 9.1 Requirements for valid results 333 9.2 Potential sources of error 334 9.3 Reliability 335 9.4 Results 336 9.4.1 Producing the results 336 9.4.2 Introductory results 337 9.4.3 Substantive results 338 9.4.4 Inferences 339 9.4.5 Causal relationships 340 9.4.6 Interpretation 341 9.5 Conclusions 345 9.5.1 How to write conclusions 345 9.5.2 Further research 347 9.6 Summary 347 References 348 10 Reports and Presentations 349 10.1 Report production 349 10.2 Communication 350 10.3 Contents of the report 352 10.3.1 How to begin 352 10.3.2 Text of the report 353 10.3.3 Theory and literature 354 10.3.4 Reporting on methodology and methods 356 10.3.5 Reporting on data sourcing and data collection 356 10.3.6 Presentation of results 357 10.3.7 Discussion of results 358 10.3.8 Conclusions 358 10.3.9 Limitations 359 10.3.10 Recommendations 359 10.3.11 Introduction 360 10.3.12 Remainder of the report 360 10.4 Oral presentation 361 10.5 Summary 362 References 362 Index 363

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction 1.1 Engineering Fluid Mechanics 1.2 Modeling in Fluid Mechanics and Engineering 1.3 Modeling of Materials 1.4 Weight, Mass, and Newton’s Law of Gravitation 1.5 Essential Mathematics Topics 1.6 Density and Specific Weight 1.7 The Ideal Gas Law (IGL) 1.8 Quantity, Units, and Dimensions 1.9 Problem Solving 1.10 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 2. Fluid Properties 2.1 System, State, and Property 2.2 Looking Up Fluid Properties 2.3 Specific Gravity, Constant Density, and the Bulk Modulus 2.4 Pressure and Shear Stress 2.5 The Viscosity Equation 2.6 Surface Tension and Capillary Action 2.7 Vapor Pressure, Boiling, and Cavitation 2.8 Characterizing Thermal Energy in Flowing Gases 2.9 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 3. Fluid Statics 3.1 Describing Pressure 3.2 The Hydrostatic Equations 3.3 Measurement of Pressure 3.4 The Pressure Force on a Panel (Flat Surface) 3.5 Calculating the Pressure Force on a Curved Surface 3.6 Calculating Buoyant Forces 3.7 Predicting Stability of Immersed and Floating Bodies 3.8 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 4. Bernoulli Equation and Pressure Variation 4.1 Flow Patterns: Streamlines, Streaklines, and Pathlines 4.2 Characterizing Velocity of a Flowing Fluid 4.3 Describing Flow 4.4 Acceleration 4.5 Applying Euler’s Equation to Understand Pressure Variation 4.6 The Bernoulli Equation along a Streamline 4.7 Measuring Velocity and Pressure 4.8 Characterizing the Rotational Motion of a Flowing Fluid 4.9 The Bernoulli Equation for Irrotational Flow 4.10 Describing the Pressure Field for Flow over a Circular Cylinder 4.10 Elementary Plane potential Flows 4.11 Calculating the Pressure Field for a Rotating Flow 4.12 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 5. The Control Volume Approach and The Continuity Equation 5.1 Characterizing the Rate of Flow 5.2 The Control Volume Approach 5.3 The Continuity Equation (Theory) 5.4 The Continuity Equation (Application) 5.5 Predicting Cavitation 5.6 Summarizing Key Knowledge 6. The Momentum Equation 6.1 Understanding Newton’s Second Law of Motion 6.2 The Linear Momentum Equation: Theory 6.3 The Linear Momentum Equation: Application 6.4 The Linear Momentum Equation for a Stationary Control Volume 6.5 Examples of the Linear Momentum Equation (Moving Objects) 6.6 The Angular Momentum Equation 6.7 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 7. The Energy Equation 7.1 Technical Vocabulary: Work, Energy, and Power 7.2 Conservation of Energy 7.3 The Energy Equation 7.4 The Power Equation 7.5 Mechanical Efficiency 7.6 Contrasting the Bernoulli Equation and the Energy Equation 7.7 Transitions 7.8 The Hydraulic and Energy Grade Lines 7.9 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 8. Dimensional Analysis and Similitude 8.1 The Need for Dimensional Analysis 8.2 Buckingham ∏ Theorem 8.3 Dimensional Analysis 8.4 Common π-Groups 8.5 Similitude 8.6 Model Studies for Flows without Free-Surface Effects 8.7 Model–Prototype Performance 8.8 Approximate Similitude at High Reynolds Numbers 8.9 Free-Surface Model Studies 8.10 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 9. Viscous Flow Over a Flat Surface, Drag and Lift 9.1 The Navier–Stokes Equation for Uniform Flow 9.2 Couette Flow 9.3 Poiseuille Flow in a Channel 9.4 The Boundary Layer (Description) 9.5 Velocity Profiles in the Boundary Layer 9.6 The Boundary Layer (Calculations) 9.7 Relating Lift and Drag to Stress Distributions 9.8 Calculating the Drag Force 9.9 Drag of Axisymmetric and 3-D Bodies 9.10 Terminal Velocity 9.11 Vortex Shedding 9.12 Reducing Drag by Streamlining 9.13 Drag in Compressible Flow 9.14 The Theory of Lift 9.15 Lift and Drag on Airfoils 9.16 Lift and Drag on Road Vehicles 9.17 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 10. Flow in Conduits 10.1 Classifying Flow 10.2 Specifying Pipe Sizes 10.3 Pipe Head Loss (Major and Minor losses) 10.4 Stress Distributions in Pipe Flow 10.5 Laminar Flow in a Circular Pipe 10.6 Turbulent Flow and the Moody Chart 10.7 A Strategy for Solving Problems 10.8 Combined Head Loss 10.9 Noncircular Conduits 10.10 Pumps and Systems of Pipes 10.11 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 11. Compressible Flow 11.1 Wave Propagation in Compressible Fluids 11.2 Mach Number Relationships 11.3 Normal Shock Waves 11.4 Isentropic Compressible Flow through a Duct with Varying Area 11.5 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 12. Flow Measurements 12.1 Measuring Velocity and Pressure 12.2 Measuring Flow Rate (Discharge) 12.3 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 13.Turbomachinery 13.1 Propellers 13.2 Axial-Flow Pumps 13.3 Radial-Flow Machines 13.4 Specific Speed 13.5 Suction Limitations of Pumps 13.6 Viscous Effects 13.7 Centrifugal Compressors 13.8 Positive Displacement Pumps 13.9 Turbines 13.10 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 14. Flow in Open Channels 14.1 Describing Open-Channel Flow 14.2 Energy Equation for Steady Open-Channel Flow 14.3 Steady Uniform Flow 14.4 Steady Nonuniform Flow 14.5 Rapidly Varied Flow 14.6 Hydraulic Jump 14.7 Gradually Varied Flow 14.8 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems 15. Modeling of Fluid Dynamics Problems 15.1 Models in Fluid Mechanics 15.2 Foundations for Learning Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) 15.3 The Continuity Equation 15.4 The Navier–Stokes Equation 15.5 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 15.6 Examples of CFD 15.7 A Path for Moving Forward 15.8 Summarizing Key Knowledge Problems Appendix Answers Index

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Book SynopsisIn each unit of the Student's Book teens gather the knowledge, language and skills to be able to answer the WDYT? (What do you think?) question that opens each unit. With this blended version, comprising the print and digital Student's Book as well as the Student's App, switching between online and face-to-face classes is an effortless task.

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Book SynopsisThe story of an engineering marvel of the twenty-first century, from Britain's bestselling railway writer. Crossrail, first conceived just after the Second World War in the era of Attlee and Churchill, has cost more than £15bn and is expected to serve 200 million passengers annually. From Reading and Heathrow in the west, the Elizabeth line will extend to Shenfield and Abbey Wood in the east, including 42 kilometres of new tunnels dug under central London. The author sets out the complex and highly political reasons for Crossrail's lengthy gestation, tracing the troubled progress of the concept from the rejection of the first Crossrail bill in the 1990s through the tortuous parliamentary processes that led to the passing of the Crossrail Act of 2008. He also recounts in detail the construction of this astonishing new railway, describing how immense tunnel-boring machines cut through a subterranean world of rock and mud with unparalleled accuracy that ensured none of the buildings overhead were affected. A shrewdly incisive observer of postwar transport policy, Wolmar pays due credit to the remarkable achievement of Crossrail, while analysing in clear-eyed fashion the many setbacks it encountered en route to completion.Trade ReviewThere will surely be lessons from Crossrail to suggest how the work might have been done even more efficiently and quickly * Financial Times *PRAISE FOR CHRISTIAN WOLMAR: 'An excellent history of the London Underground' The Times on The Subterranean Railway. 'A lucid and engaging account of the far-reaching effects that trains have had upon society' The Railway & Canal Historical Society on Railways. 'A wonderful account of how our railways came to be' Jon Snow on Fire and Steam. 'A marvellously informative, entertaining and rightly partisan book' * Sunday Times, on Fire and Steam *

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Book SynopsisWater Supply and Distribution Systems, Second edition is a comprehensive introduction to the topic of how water is delivered to homes and businesses throughout the world. It covers fundamental concepts and exploring the latest ideas of good practice. Water supply and distribution systems are a key element of essential urban infrastructure. Water utilities worldwide are embarking on a process of digitalisation', which promises to bring benefits to the industry, but this is fraught with uncertainty, hype, barriers to innovation and requires an organisational culture change. Water industry professionals have to address, not only, classic design and management problems but also, increasingly, environmental and sustainability requirements and concerns. Drawing together information that is currently scattered across several sources, this book aims to alleviate the concerns engineers have with these issues.With chapters written by academics and practitioners this book covers

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Book SynopsisFIDIC Yellow Book is a practical guide for anyone involved in preparing, administering, or contributing to the FIDIC suite of contracts, 2017 edition. This revised edition covers a number of recent developments including the 2022 amendments, impacts of COVID-19, and the war in Ukraine, as well as guidance on use of FIDIC Contracts.

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Book SynopsisThis is a fascinating combination of biographical material about the great Scottish engineer Thomas Telford (1757-1834), and a modern travelogue that revisits the places in the Highlands and Islands where he worked over a period of 20 years. Scotland was provided with desperately-needed civil infrastructure - nearly 1000 miles of roads, 1200 bridges, many harbours, and the monumental Caledonian Canal. Telford's programme of work was one of the greatest sustained efforts by any individual in the years of Britain's industrial revolution. And yet it is little celebrated in Scotland, let alone the rest of Britain and the wider world. After working in England and Wales for nearly 20 years, Telford was called back to his native land to address huge problems in the Highlands and Islands. These included unemployment, depopulation, Highlanders dispirited by poverty and suppression following the two Jacobite uprisings, compounded by living in mountainous regions almost totally isolated from the rest of Scotland. Thomas Telford has been widely painted as a brilliant engineer totally devoted to his work, a somewhat one-dimensional character. However, the author shows him differently, as a man of the Scottish Enlightenment, a rounded character with a love of poetry and the natural world, a good companion and a generous friend. A Scotsman Returns reveals him as a person who, in spite of the humblest start in life, displayed great social skills in his dealings with Scots both haughty and humble during his 20-year commitment to the Highlands and Islands. The author retraces an extensive Highland Tour made by Telford and the Poet Laureate, Robert Southey, in 1819. The two men were drawn together by Telford's love of poetry and Southey's admiration of the engineer's remarkable work in the Highlands. Southey kept a journal of the tour, which remained unpublished for a century and is still not widely known. Comments on the places they visited, the sights they saw, their social interactions, and Southey's intelligent interest in Telford's roadmaking, bridgebuilding and, above all, the Caledonian Canal are featured. Telford's work in other areas of the Highlands and Islands is also covered, principally in Caithness, Sutherland, and the Hebridean Islands. There are further discussions of the social and political environment in which Telford operated, including the Highland Clearances. This travelogue, beautifully illustrated in full colour with over 100 photographs of Telford's surviving infrastructure, is complemented with modern views of the places where he worked. A Scotsman Returns is a wonderful collection of Telford's remarkable achievements and will encourage readers worldwide to explore the routes followed by Telford as he developed Highland infrastructure.

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Book SynopsisMit der neun Teile umfassenden Neuausgabe der DIN 4109 von Juli 2016 wurden die baurechtlichen Mindestanforderungen an die Schalldämmung neu gefasst. Die bisherigen Anforderungen und Berechnungsverfahren wurden grundlegend überarbeitet. Neu hinzugekommen ist ein Bauteilkatalog sowie ein Nachweisverfahren für den Schallschutz im Baugenehmigungsverfahren. Somit ist die neue DIN 4109 unverzichtbar für die bauakustische Planung und Erstellung von bauaufsichtlichen Schallschutznachweisen. Aufgrund der gravierenden Änderungen stellt sie die Anwender bei der Umsetzung der neuen Anforderungen aber auch vor große Herausforderungen. An diesem Punkt setzt das neue Handbuch zur DIN 4109 an: es stellt Bauingenieuren, Architekten, Bauakustikern, Bauphysikern, Sachverständigen, Herstellern, aber auch Lehrenden und Studierenden ein umfassendes Kompendium zur Norm und ihrer praktischen Anwendung zur Verfügung. Das "Handbuch zu DIN 4109" versteht sich als Einführung in eine an den Grundlagen der Bauakustik orientierte Planung des baulichen Schallschutzes, als kritische Auseinandersetzung mit der neuen Norm und als Nachschlagewerk zu Fragen ihrer praktischen Anwendung. Das Werk gibt einen Überblick über die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Norm und die Änderungen gegenüber der Vorgängerausgabe von 1989. Die Autoren erläutern leicht verständlich fachliche und normungstechnische Grundlagen sowie die Anwendung der neuen Anforderungen und Nachweisverfahren in der Praxis. Die wesentlichen Passagen aller neun Teile der Norm werden ausführlich kommentiert und durch Anwendungsfälle und -beispiele veranschaulicht. Das Zusammenwirken mit weiteren Richtlinien und Regelwerken wie z. B. der DIN EN 12354 wird aufgezeigt. Da sich die neuen Berechnungsverfahren an den physikalischen Grundsätzen der Bauakustik orientieren, werden auch diese in Grundzügen umrissen, um das Verständnis zu verbessern. Aufbau der neuen DIN 4109 - DIN 4109-1:2016-07 Schallschutz im Hochbau - Teil 1: Mindestanforderungen - DIN 4109-2:2016-07 Teil 2: Rechnerische Nachweise der Erfüllung der Anforderungen - DIN 4109-4:2016-07 Teil 4: Bauakustische Prüfungen - DIN 4109-31:2016-07 Teil 31: Daten für die rechnerischen Nachweise des Schallschutzes (Bauteilkatalog) - Rahmendokument - DIN 4109-32:2016-07 Teil 32: Bauteilkatalog - Massivbau - DIN 4109-33:2016-07 Teil 33: Bauteilkatalog - Holz-, Leicht- und Trockenbau - DIN 4109-34:2016-07 Teil 34: Bauteilkatalog - Vorsatzkonstruktionen vor massiven Bauteilen - DIN 4109-35:2016-07 Teil 35: Bauteilkatalog - Elemente, Fenster, Türen, Vorhangfassaden - DIN 4109-36:2016-07 Teil 36: Bauteilkatalog - Gebäudetechnische AnlagenTable of ContentsVorwort der Autoren Danksagung Autorenporträts 1 Einführung 1.1 Bedeutung der DIN 4109 1.2 Notwendigkeit der Neuerarbeitung 1.3 Geschichte der DIN 4109 1.4 Konzept der neuen DIN 4109 1.5 Gliederung der neuen DIN 4109 1.6 Grundbegriffe der Bauakustik 1.7 Kenngrößen des baulichen Schallschutzes 2 DIN 4109-1-Mindestanforderungen 2.1 Grundlagen, Übersicht und Allgemeines 2.2 Luft- und Trittschalldämmung in Gebäuden mit Wohn- oder Arbeitsbereichen 2.3 Luft- und Trittschalldämmung in Nichtwohngebäuden 2.4 Anforderungen an die Luftschalldämmung von Außenbauteilen 2.5 Anforderungen an die Luft- und Trittschalldämmung zwischen ?besonders lauten? und schutzbedürftigen Räumen 2.6 Schalldruckpegel von gebäudetechnischen Anlagen und baulich mit dem Gebäude verbundenen Gewerbebetrieben 2.7 Weitere Angaben zum Schallschutz 3 DIN 4109-2 3.1 Einführung und Grundlagen zu den neuen Berechnungsverfahren 3.2 Luftschalldämmung: Berechnung und Nachweise 3.3 Trittschalldämmung: Berechnung und Nachweise 3.4 Nachweis für den Außenlärm 3.5 Nachweise für gebäudetechnische Anlagen 4 DIN 4109-31 bis 36: Bauteilkatalog 4.1 DIN 4109-31: Rahmendokument 4.2 DIN 4109-32: Massivbau 4.3 DIN 4109-33: Holz-, Leicht- und Trockenbau 4.4 DIN 4109-34: Vorsatzkonstruktionen 4.5 DIN 4109-35: Elemente, Fenster, Türen, Vorhangfassaden 4.6 DIN 4109-36: Gebäudetechnische Anlagen 5 Messtechnische Nachweise: DIN 4109-4 5.1 abP und Eignungsprüfungen 5.2 Güteprüfungen 5.3 Nationale Abweichungen 6 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick Literaturverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Stichwortverzeichnis

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Book SynopsisThe book covers a wide range of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Mathematical Methods issues, research and applications in the area of pavement, geomechanical and few examples on geo-environmental systems: Application of Artificial Neural Networks; Data mining applications; Stochastic Finite Element; Fuzzy Set Theory; Artificial Immune Systems; Probabilistic Reasoning; System Identification Techniques; Image Processing. This collection of papers provides researchers and engineers with a current comprehensive look at available and emerging AI and Mathematical Methods within pavement and geomechanical systems.

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Book SynopsisThis book unravels the mysteries behind humanity''s greatest masterpieces. Adam Grant, #1 New York Times bestselling author of Think AgainDiscover the secret method used to build the worldFor millennia, humans have used one simple method to solve problems. Whether it''s planting crops, building skyscrapers, developing photographs, or designing the first microchip, all creators follow the same steps to engineer progress. But this powerful method, the engineering method, is an all but hidden process that few of us have heard oflet alone understandbut that influences every aspect of our lives.Bill Hammack, a Carl Sagan award-winning professor of engineering and viral The Engineer Guy on Youtube, has a lifelong passion for the things we make, and how we make them. Now, for the first time, he reveals the invisible method behind every invention and takes us on a whirlwind tour of how humans built the world we know today. From the grand

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Geotechnical Engineering -- A Historical Perspective. 2. Origins of Soil and Grain Size. 3. Weight-Volume Relationships. 4. Plasticity and Structure of Soil. 5. Classification of Soil. 6. Soil Compaction. 7. Permeability. 8. Seepage. 9. In Situ Stresses. 10. Stresses in a Soil Mass. 11. Compressibility of Soil ���- Elastic Settlement. 12. Consolidation. 13. Shear Strength of Soil. 14. Lateral Earth Pressure: At-Rest, Rankine, and Coulomb. 15. Lateral Earth Pressure: Curved Failure Surface. 16. Slope Stability. 17. Soil-Bearing Capacity for Shallow Foundations. 18. Subsoil Exploration. 19. An Introduction to Geosynthetics. Answers to Selected Problems. Index.

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Book SynopsisDiscover the essential components of two market-leading engineering texts in one powerful combined book. FUNDAMENTALS OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING, 5E offers a concise blend of critical information from Braja Das' market leading PRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING and PRINCIPLES OF FOUNDATION ENGINEERING. This valuable, cohesive book focuses on the fundamental concepts of both soil mechanics and foundation engineering without the distraction of excessive details or cumbersome alternatives. A wealth of worked-out examples and useful supporting figures help you master key concepts and gain essential problem-solving skills. Prestigious authors Das and Sivakugan carefully balance today's most current research with practical field applications in a proven approach that has made Das' books undisputed leaders in the field. Accompanying resources, including MindTap, further reinforce the key geotechnical engineering skills you need.Table of Contents1. GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING ��� FROM THE BEGINNING. Geotechnical Engineering Prior to the 18th Century. Pre-classical Period of Soil Mechanics (1700���1776). Classical Soil Mechanics ��� Phase I (1776���1856). Classical Soil Mechanics ��� Phase II (1856���1910). Modern Soil Mechanics (1910���1927). Geotechnical Engineering after 1927. End of an Era. 2. SOIL DEPOSITS ��� ORIGIN, GRAIN-SIZE, AND SHAPE. Rock Cycle and the Origin of Soil. Soil Deposits--General. Residual Soil. Gravity Transported Soil. Alluvial Deposits. Lacustrine Deposits. Glacial Deposits. Aeolian Soil Deposits. Organic Soil. Soil���Grain Size. Clay Minerals. Specific Gravity (Gs). Mechanical Analysis of Soil. Sieve Analysis. Hydrometer Analysis. Effective Size, Uniformity Coefficient, and Coefficient of Gradation. Grain Shape. 3. WEIGHT-VOLUME RELATIONSHIPS AND PLASTICITY. Weight���Volume Relationships. Relationships among Unit Weight, Void Ratio, Moisture Content, and Specific Gravity. Relationships among Unit Weight, Porosity, and Moisture Content. Various Unit Weight Relationships. Relative Density. Consistency of Soil. Activity. Liquidity Index. Plasticity Chart. 4. SOIL CLASSIFICATION. AASHTO Soil Classification System. Unified Classification System (USCS), Visual Identification of Soils. 5. SOIL COMPACTION. Compaction ��� General Principles. Standard Proctor Test. Factors Affecting Compaction. Modified Proctor Test. Empirical Relationships. Field Compaction. Specifications for Field Compaction. Determination of Field Unit Weight after Compaction. Effect of Compaction on Cohesive Soil Properties. Other Ground Improvement Methods. 6. HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY. Bernoulli's Equation. Darcy's Law. Hydraulic Conductivity. Laboratory Determination of Hydraulic Conductivity. Empirical Relations for Hydraulic Conductivity. Equivalent Hydraulic Conductivity in Stratified Soil. Permeability Test in the Field by Pumping from Wells. 7. SEEPAGE. Laplace's Equation of Continuity. Flow Nets. Seepage Calculation from a Flow Net. Flow Nets in Anisotropic Soil. 8. STRESSES IN A SOIL MASS. EFFECTIVE STRESS CONCEPT. Stresses in Saturated Soil without Seepage. Stresses in Saturated Soil with Seepage. Seepage Force. Heaving in Soil Due to Flow around Sheet Piles. VERTICAL STRESS INCREASE DUE TO VARIOUS TYPES OF LOADING. Stress Caused by a Point Load. Vertical Stress Caused by a Line Load. Vertical Stress Below a Uniformly Loaded Circular Area. Vertical Stress Caused by a Rectangularly Loaded Area. 9. CONSOLIDATION. Fundamentals of Consolidation. One-Dimensional Laboratory Consolidation Test. Void Ratio���Pressure Plots. Normally Consolidated and Overconsolidated Clays. Effect of Disturbance on Void Ratio���Pressure Relationship. Calculation of Settlement from One-Dimensional Primary Consolidation. Compression Index (Cc) and Swell Index (Cs). Settlement from Secondary Consolidation. Time Rate of Consolidation. Coefficient of Consolidation. Calculation of Primary Consolidation Settlement under a Foundation. Skempton���Bjerrum Modification for Consolidation Settlement. Effects of Initial Excess Pore Pressure Distribution of U-Tv Relationship. Construction Time Correction of Consolidation Settlement. 10. SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL. Mohr���Coulomb Failure Criteria. Inclination of the Plane of Failure Caused by Shear. LABORATORY DETERMINATION OF SHEAR STRENGTH PARAMETERS. Direct Shear Test. Triaxial Shear Test. Consolidated���Drained Test. Consolidated���Undrained Test. Unconsolidated���Undrained Test. Unconfined Compression Test on Saturated Clay. Selection of Shear Strength Parameters. Sensitivity and Thixotropy of Clay. Anisotropy in Undrained Shear Strength. 11. GROUND IMPROVEMENT. CHEMICAL STABILIZATION. Lime Stabilization. Cement Stabilization. Fly���Ash Stabilization. MECHANICAL STABILIZATION. Vibroflotation. Dynamic Compaction. Blasting. Precompression. Sand Drains. 12. SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION. Subsurface Exploration Program. Exploratory Borings in the Field. Procedures for Sampling Soil. Split���Spoon Sampling and Standard Penetration Test. Sampling with Thin Wall Tube. Observation of Water Levels. Vane Shear Test. Cone Penetration Test. Pressuremeter Test (PMT). Dilatometer Test. Coring of Rocks. Preparation of Boring Logs. Geophysical Exploration. Soil Exploration Report. Field Instrumentation. 13. SLOPE STABILITY. Factor of Safety. Stability of Infinite Slopes. Finite Slopes. Analysis of Finite Slope with Circularly Cylindrical Failure Surface--General. Mass Procedure of Stability Analysis (Circularly Cylindrical Failure Surface). Method of Slices. Bishop's Simplified Method of Slices. Analysis of Simple Slopes with Steady���State Seepage. Mass Procedure for Stability of Clay Slopes with Earthquake Forces. 14. LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE. Earth Pressure at Rest. Rankine's Theory of Active and Passive Earth Pressures. Diagrams for Lateral Earth Pressure Distribution against Retaining Walls. Rankine's Active Pressure with Sloping Granular Backfill. Coulomb's Earth Pressure Theory-- Retaining Walls with Friction. Passive Pressure Assuming Curved Failure Surface in Soil. 15. RETAINING WALLS, BRACED CUTS, AND SHEET PILE WALLS. RETAINING WALLS. Retaining Walls--General. Proportioning Retaining Walls. Application of Lateral Earth Pressure Theories to Design. Check for Overturning. Check for Sliding along the Base. Check for Bearing Capacity Failure MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH RETAINING WALLS. Mechanically Stabilized Earth. General Design Considerations. Retaining Walls with Metallic Strip Reinforcement. Step���by���Step Design Procedure Using Metallic Strip Reinforcement. Retaining Walls with Geotextile Reinforcement. Retaining Walls with Geogrid Reinforcement. BRACED CUTS. Braced Cuts--General. Lateral Earth Pressure in Braced Cuts. Soil Parameters for Cuts in Layered Soil. Design of Various Components of a Braced Cut. Heave of the Bottom of a Cut in Clay. Lateral Yielding of Sheet Piles and Ground Settlement. SHEET PILE WALLS. Cantilever Sheet Pile Wall in Granular Soils (c' = 0). Cantilever Sheet Pile Walls in Cohesive Soils. Anchored Sheet Pile Wall. Deadman Anchor ��� A Simplified Approach. 16. SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS ��� BEARING CAPACITY. Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations--General Concepts. Terzaghi's Ultimate Bearing Capacity Theory. Modifications to Terzaghi's Bearing Capacity Equation. Modification of Bearing Capacity Equations for Water Table. The Factor of Safety. Eccentrically Loaded Foundations. Reduction Factor Method for Eccentrically Loaded Strip Foundations on Granular Soil. Shallow Foundation under Eccentrically Inclined Load. Foundations with Two���Way Eccentricity. Ultimate Bearing Capacity with Earthquake Condition. Mat Foundations--Common Types. Bearing Capacity for Mat Foundations. Compensated Foundations. 17. SETTLEMENT OF SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS. Elastic Settlement of Foundations on Saturated Clay Soils (��s = 0.5). Elastic Settlement Based on Theory of Elasticity. Range of Material Parameters for Computing Elastic Settlement. Improved Method for Settlement Calculation in Granular Soil. Settlement of Sandy Soil: Use of Strain Influence Factor. Allowable Bearing Pressure for Spread Footings in Sand Based on Settlement Consideration. Allowable Bearing Pressure for Mat Foundation in Sand. Effects of Water Table Rise on Elastic Settlement in Granular Soils. 18. PILE FOUNDATIONS. Need for Pile Foundations. Types of Piles and Their Structural Characteristics. Estimation of Pile Length. Installation of Piles. Load Transfer Mechanism. Equations for Estimation of Pile Capacity. Load Carrying Capacity of Pile Point, Qp. Frictional Resistance, Qs. Allowable Pile Capacity. Load���Carrying Capacity of Pile Point Resting on Rock. Elastic Settlement of Piles. Pile Load Tests. Pile���Driving Formulas. Negative Skin Friction. Group Piles ��� Efficiency. Elastic Settlement of Group Piles. Consolidation Settlement of Group Piles. 19. DRILLED SHAFTS. Types of Drilled Shafts. Construction Procedures. Estimation of Load??��Bearing Capacity. Drilled Shafts in Sand���Net Ultimate Load. Drilled Shafts in Clay���Net Ultimate Load. Settlement of Drilled Shafts at Working Load. Load���Bearing Capacity Based on Settlement. 20. LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN (LRFD). Design Philosophy. Allowable Stress Design (ASD). Limit State Design (LSD) and Partial Safety Factors. APPENDIX A: GEOSYNTHETICS.

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Book SynopsisWhat you need to know to protect your designs and get them built as you envision them; how to get and keep clients and become their trusted advisor and professional—every architect needs the answers in this concise, thorough, and readable guide.Trade Review"Professional Practice gives our changing industry exactly what it needs, a clear and concise road map to the design and building process. Paul Segal taps his many years as a successful practicing architect and educator to touch on just about every important challenge facing the profession, and yet leaves us with a healthy dose of new ideas and hope for the future." -- Frank Sciame, President/CEO Sciame Construction and Development"It is a pleasure to read a book in which the conscientious practice of architecture is accorded the respect it deserves. A precise and vivid account of the complex process by which buildings come to be designed and realized through the progressive interaction of clients, architects, contractors, and a wide range of technical and legal specialists, this is destined to be of equal pertinence to any of the protagonists commonly involved in the act of making buildings." -- Kenneth Frampton, Ware Professor of Architecutre, Columbia University"Paul Segal is one of the only architects I know who not only understands but truly loves both the aesthetic power of great architecture and the practical demands of the real world, and he has spent much of his career teaching younger architects that these things do not have to be incompatible. In this book, he explains clearly, concisely, and eloquently how architecture is not only an art and not only a business--how it has to be both." -- Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic and Dean, Parsons The New School for Design

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Book SynopsisRock Lighthouses of Britain & Ireland is a new edition of the classic work on the subject – but with some of the most famous Irish rock lighthouses included. The text has been updated to include the modern technology being used by the lighthouse authorities, as well as all the historical advances made over the centuries at British and Irish rock lights, complemented by scores of new and many stunning photographs. Also included are historic plans and drawings, many of them highly colourful and artistic, as used by the original lighthouse builders. At the end are comprehensive and detailed tables about the rock lighthouses maintained by all three lighthouse authorities. Building on the acclaim received for the earlier editions, it brings the history of these iconic structures completely up-to-date, from the day the first granite block was laid, through their construction, automation, the disappearance of the lighthouse keeper, right up to today’s automated operation. Here are some of the world’s most famous rock lighthouses. There are stories of men battling against Nature’s most powerful forces to build a structure designed to save lives on a seemingly impossible site. Rock Lighthouses of Britain & Ireland spans the centuries between the world’s first rock lighthouse on the Eddystone reef, to the very last rock lighthouse, constructed in the traditional style, on Ireland’s Fastnet Rock and accordingly will remain the premier book about rock lighthouses.Table of ContentsOut of the darkness – A history of the British and Irish lighthouses services; Eddystone – The beginning; The Skerries – The price of generosity; The Smalls – A rock lighthouse on legs; Longships – The Land’s End light; The Longstone – Grace Darling’s light; Bell Rock – The start of the Stevensons; Tuskar Rock – The lighthouse that almost killed a King; The Skelligs – The lighthouse at the end of the road; Skerryvore – The noblest of all; Bishop Rock – The Blue Riband light; Fastnet – The last of the great rock towers; Muckle Flugga – The northern light; The Bull and The Calf – If at first you don’t succeed…; Wolf Rock – The curse of the Cornish wreckers; Dubh Artach–- Guardian of the Hebrides; Chicken Rock – A Manx crag; Flannan Isles – The Marie Celeste lighthouse; Rockall – ‘The most isolated rock on the surface on the earth’; South Rock – A remarkable survivor; Rock lights – A new era begins; Appendix – Rock lighthouse data

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Book SynopsisPublisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.State-of-the-Art Bridge and Highway Rehabilitation and Repair MethodsThis authoritative volume offers up-to-date guidance on the latest design techniques, repair methods, specialized software, materials, and advanced maintenance procedures for bridges and highway structures. Focusing on both traditional and nontraditional design issues, Bridge and Highway Structure Rehabilitation and Repair clarifies the most recent AASHTO bridge design codes and discusses new analytical and design methodologies, such as the application of load and resistance factor design (LRFD). A wealth of concise explanations, solved examples, and in-depth case studies are included in this comprehensive resource.COVERAGE INCLUDES:Table of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgments; Symbols, Notations, and Terminology; Section 1: Administrative Issues; Chapter 1. Overview of Bridge Engineering; Chapter 2. Diagnostic Design and Selective Reconstruction; Chapter 3. Bridge Failure Studies and Safety Engineering; Section 2: Strengthening and Repair Work; Chapter 4. An Analytical Approach to Fracture and Failure; Chapter 5. Load and Resistance Factor Rating and Redesign; Chapter 6. Applications of Bridge Design and Rating Methods; Chapter 7. Bridge Widening and Deck Replacement Strategy; Section 3: Repair and Retrofit Methods; Chapter 8. Inspection, Rating and Health Monitoring Techniques; Chapter 9. Conventional Repair Methods; Chapter 10. Concrete Repair Methods; Chapter 11. Advanced Repair Methods; Chapter 12. Protection of Bridges against Extreme Events; Appendix 1. Scour Countermeasures; Appendix 2. Estimate of Unit Concrete Repair Costs (2009); Appendix 3. Quick Reference to AASHTO LRFD 2008 Specifications Appendix 4. Quick Reference to AASHTO LRFR Manual; Index

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