Biophysics Books

Book SynopsisThis comprehensive and extensively classroom-tested biophysics textbook is a complete introduction to the physical principles underlying biological processes and their applications to the life sciences and medicine. The foundations of natural processes are placed on a firm footing before showing how their consequences can be explored in a wide range of biosystems. The goal is to develop the readers’ intuition, understanding, and facility for creative analysis that are frequently required to grapple with problems involving complex living organisms. Topics cover all scales, encompassing the application of statics, fluid dynamics, acoustics, electromagnetism, light, radiation physics, thermodynamics, statistical physics, quantum biophysics, and theories of information, ordering, and evolutionary optimization to biological processes and bio-relevant technological implementations. Sound modeling principles are emphasized throughout, placing all the concepts within a rigorous framework. With numerous worked examples and exercises to test and enhance the reader’s understanding, this book can be used as a textbook for physics graduate students and as a supplementary text for a range of premedical, biomedical, and biophysics courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels. It will also be a useful reference for biologists, physicists, medical researchers, and medical device engineers who want to work from first principles.Table of ContentsChapter1: Introduction: The Nature of Biophysics.- Chapter2: The Kinds of Ordinary Materials.- Chapter3: Mechanical Aspects of Biosystems.- Chapter4: Fluid Mechanics Applied to Biosystems.- Chapter5: Acoustics in Biology and Medicine.- Chapter6: Electric and Magnetic Fields in Life.- Chapter7: Light in Biology and Medicine.- Chapter8: Ionizing Radiation and Life.- Chapter9: Bioenergetics.- Chapter10: The Statistical Basis of Bioenergetics.- Chapter11: Biomolecular Structure and Interactions.- Chapter12: Entropy and Information in Biology.- Chapter13: Modeling Biological Systems.- Chapter14: Neural Networks and Brains.- Chapter15: Ordering Theory.- Chapter16: Energy Flow in the Production of Order.- Chapter17: Life in the Universe.- Chapter18: Future Developments.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis textbook describes the basic principles and mechanism of action of biosensor systems, and introduces readers to the various types of biosensors; from affinity biosensors to catalytic, optical and label-free biosensors, the most common systems are explained in detail. Dedicated advanced sections focus on biochips and genome sequencing methods as well as organs-on-a-chip. The textbook helps readers to understand the elementary components of biosensors, and to identify and illustrate each function in the biosensor information flow, from recognition to transduction and transmission. Furthermore, readers will receive guidance in critically analyzing published studies on biosensor research, helping them to develop appropriate concepts and independently propose their own solutions. The textbook is intended for master’s students in bioengineering, biophysics, biotechnology and pharmacology that need a solid grasp of biosensor system technologies and applications, as well as students in related medical technological fields.Table of Contents

Read more less

Book SynopsisPart I: The Viral Machine.- Chapter 1: Introduction, The Structural Basis of Virus Function.- Chapter 2: The Basic Architecture of Viruses.- Part II: Determination of the Structure, Dynamics and Physical Properties of Viruses.- Chapter 3: Conventional Electron Microscopy, Cryogenic Electron Microscopy and Cryogenic Electron Tomography of Viruses.- Chapter 4: X-Ray Crystallography of Viruses.- Chapter 5: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to study Virus Structure.- Chapter 6: Fluorescence, Circular Dichroism and Mass Spectrometry as Tools to Study Virus Structure.- Chapter 7: Integrative Approaches to Study Virus Structures.- Chapter 8: 3D Cryo-Correlative Methods to Study Virus Structure and Dynamics within Cells.- Chapter 9: Atomic Force Microscopy of Viruses.- Chapter 10: Optical Tweezers to Study Viruses.- Part III: Structural Foundations of Virus Properties and Functions.- Chapter 11: Assembly of Structurally Simple Icosahedral Viruses.- Chapter 12: Architecture and Assembly of Structurally Complex Viruses.- Chapter 13: Nucleic Acid Packaging in Viruses.- Chapter 14: Maturation of Viruses.- Chapter 15: Virus-Receptor Interactions and Receptor-Mediated Virus Entry into Host Cells.- Chapter 16: Entry of Enveloped Viruses into Host Cells: Membrane Fusion.- Chapter 17: Bacteriophage Receptor Recognition and Nucleic Acid Transfer.- Chapter 18: Mechanical Properties of Viruses.- Chapter 19: Theoretical Studies on Assembly, Physical Stability and Dynamics of Viruses.- Part IV: Applied Structural and Physical Virology.- Chapter 20: Antiviral Agents: Structural Basis of Action and Rational Design.- Chapter 21: Design of Novel Vaccines Based on Virus-Like Particles.- Chapter 22: Engineering and Bio/Nanotechnological Applications of Virus Particles.

Read more less

Book Synopsis1. Intermittent motion of agents.- 2. Visual search.- 3. Subdiffusive search for a target.- 4. Superdiffusive search for a target.- 5. Evanescent searchers.

Read more less

Table of ContentsFrontmatter -- List of authors -- Preface -- Contents -- I. General Problems of Biological Thermodynamics -- Introduction -- Application of the Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics in Biology -- The Second Law, Negentropy, Thermodynamics of Linear Irreversible Processes -- Formalism of Non-Equilibrium Phenomenolagical Thermodynamics -- II. Qualitative Phenomenological Theory of the Development of Organisms -- Introduction -- Experimental Basis for Qualitative Phenomenological Theory of Development -- Theoretical Basis for a Qualitative Phenomenological Theory of Development -- Stochastic Consideration of Constitutive Processes and of the Evolution Criterion -- Strengthened Evolution Criterion in Developmental Biology -- III. Quantitative Phenomenological Theory of Development of Organisms -- Introduction -- Non-Linear Phenomenological Equations -- Differential Equations of Developmental Biology -- Computer Analysis of Non-Linear Growth Equations -- Modern Theories Concerning the Growth Equations -- IV. Heat Production of Living Systems -- Introduction -- Heat Production in Life Processes -- The Change of ?? the Function During the Growth of Microbial Cultures -- Changes of ?? and ?? Functions During Oogenesis of Xenopus Laevis -- Heat Production and Respiration During Development and Growth of two Insects -- Heat Production and Respiration of Axolotle at the Early Stages of Growth -- Relationship Between Heat Production and Body Weight in Growing Organisms -- V. Some Problems of Energetics of Developmental Processes -- Introduction -- Changes in Mitochondria During Development and Growth of Animals -- The Role of Mitochondria in Regulation of Respiration During Oogenesis -- The Energetics of Regeneration Processes -- VI. Dissipative Structures -- Introduction -- Review of the Theory of Dissipative Structures -- Stationary Dissipative Structures -- Dynamic Dissipative Structures -- Dissipative Structures and ?? Function -- The Role of Cyclization of Free Energy in Bio-Physico-Chemical Processes -- VII. Probability State and Orderliness of Biological Systems -- Introduction -- Possible Mechanism of the Origin of Bacteria -- Direction of the Evolutionary Progress of Organisms -- Criterion of Orderliness and some Problems of Taxonomy -- The Questions of Non-Linearity for Using Criterion of Orderliness -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Index -- Backmatter

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn this book, physics in its many aspects (thermodynamics, mechanics, electricity, fluid dynamics) is the guiding light on a fascinating journey through biological systems, providing ideas, examples and stimulating reflections for undergraduate physics, chemistry and life-science students, as well as for anyone interested in the frontiers between physics and biology.Rather than introducing a lot of new information, it encourages young students to use their recently acquired knowledge to start seeing the physics behind the biology. As an undergraduate textbook in introductory biophysics, it includes the necessary background and tools, including exercises and appendices, to form a progressive course. In this case, the chapters can be used in the order proposed, possibly split between two semesters. The book is also an absorbing read for researchers in the life sciences who wish to refresh or go deeper into the physics concepts gleaned in their early years of scientific training. Less physics-oriented readers might want to skip the first chapter, as well as all the "gray boxes" containing the more formal developments, and create their own á-la-carte menu of chapters.Trade Review“Cleri does a masterful job of integrating the history of science with some of the most recent results, in order to give the reader a comprehensive view of where our field has been, and where it now stands. … figures help to bring the material alive, and the detailed ‘grey boxes’ provide important context. … includes a number of challenging and subtle questions at the end of each chapter, guaranteed to make the student (and instructor) think deeply.” (Sonya Bahar, Journal of Biological Physics, 2016)Table of ContentsThermodynamics for Living Systems, Appendix, Problems, References.- Energy, Information and the Origins of Life, Problems, References.- Energy Production and Storage for Life, Problems, References.- Entropic Forces in Cells: Thermodynamics and Hydrodynamics, Problems, References.- Molecular Motors in the Cell, Appendix, Problems, References.- Bioelectricity, Hearts and Brains, Problems, References.- Elasticity and Mechanics of Cells and Tissues, Appendix, Problems, References.- Muscles as Engines, Problems, References.- Physical Variables in Living Systems, Problems, References.- Shapes of Nature, Problems, References.- The Hidden Mathematics of Living Systems, Problems, References.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhat are the relations between the shape of a system of cities and that of fish school? Which events should happen in a cell in order that it participates to one of the finger of our hands? How to interpret the shape of a sand dune? This collective book written for the non-specialist addresses these questions and more generally, the fundamental issue of the emergence of forms and patterns in physical and living systems. It is a single book gathering the different aspects of morphogenesis and approaches developed in different disciplines on shape and pattern formation. Relying on the seminal works of D’Arcy Thompson, Alan Turing and René Thom, it confronts major examples like plant growth and shape, intra-cellular organization, evolution of living forms or motifs generated by crystals. A book essential to understand universal principles at work in the shapes and patterns surrounding us but also to avoid spurious analogies.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Self-organization at equilibrum. A model system: ferrofluids.- Hierarchical networks of fractures.- Liquid crystals and morphogenesis.- Biological self-organization by way of the dynamics of reactive processes.- Sand dunes.- Morphodynamics of secretory pathways.- From epigenomics to morphogenetic emergence.- Animal morphogenesis.- Phyllotaxy.- Logic of forms.- Forms emerging from collective motion.- Systems of cities and levels of organization.- Levels of organization and morphogenesis: the viewpoint of D'Arcy Thompson.- Morphogenetic models of René Thom.- Morphogenesis, structural stability and epigenetic landscape.- Morphological and mutational analysis: tools for morphogenesis study.- Morphogenesis in computer science.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book treats essentials from neurophysiology (Hodgkin–Huxley equations, synaptic transmission, prototype networks of neurons) and related mathematical concepts (dimensionality reductions, equilibria, bifurcations, limit cycles and phase plane analysis). This is subsequently applied in a clinical context, focusing on EEG generation, ischaemia, epilepsy and neurostimulation. The book is based on a graduate course taught by clinicians and mathematicians at the Institute of Technical Medicine at the University of Twente. Throughout the text, the author presents examples of neurological disorders in relation to applied mathematics to assist in disclosing various fundamental properties of the clinical reality at hand. Exercises are provided at the end of each chapter; answers are included. Basic knowledge of calculus, linear algebra, differential equations and familiarity with MATLAB or Python is assumed. Also, students should have some understanding of essentials of (clinical) neurophysiology, although most concepts are summarized in the first chapters. The audience includes advanced undergraduate or graduate students in Biomedical Engineering, Technical Medicine and Biology. Applied mathematicians may find pleasure in learning about the neurophysiology and clinic essentials applications. In addition, clinicians with an interest in dynamics of neural networks may find this book useful, too.Trade Review“The book is for sure a valuable contribution to make understandable the concepts of neurophysiology, it’s connection to applied mathematics and the benefits of theoretical achievements for application to clinical problems.” (Claudia simionescu-Badea, zbMATH 1482.92005, 2022)Table of ContentsPart I Physiology of neurons and synapses: Electrophysiology of the Neuron.- Synapses.- Part II Dynamics: Dynamics in one-dimension.- Dynamics in two-dimensional systems.- Part III Networks: Prototype neural networks.- Part IV The electroencephalogram: Basics of the EEG.- Neural mass modeling of the EEG.- Part V Pathology: Hypoxia and neuronal function.- Seizures and Epilepsy.- Part VI Neurostimulation: Neurostimulation.- Epilogue.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIntroduction.- What you should have heard somewhere.- Passive motion by diffusion.- On the mechanics of beams, polymers and membranes.- Active motion and enzyme kinetics.- What we didn't talk about.- Bibliography.- Index.

Read more less

Book Synopsis1. Electromagnetic Modeling and Optimization of Terahertz Wideband Filters Using an Inverse Convolutional Neural Network with Transfer Function.- 2. All-Dielectric Metasurface Design for High-Performance Vortex Beam Generation in the Terahertz Regime.- 3. Spin-Momentum Locked Field Distribution in Smith-Purcell Radiation.- 4. Generation of Tunable Terajets Using Optical Elements Designed with Quadratic Bézier Curves.- 5. Optimization Design of a Full-Space Terahertz Vortex Beam Generator Based on Deep Learning.

Read more less

Book SynopsisOffers a comprehensive survey text for biomedical engineering courses. This book helps biomedical engineers to understand the range of topics such as basic mathematical modeling; anatomy and physiology; electrical engineering, signal processing and instrumentation; biomaterials science and tissue engineering; and medical and engineering ethics.Table of Contents1. Biomedical Engineering: A Historical Perspective 2. Moral and Ethical Issues 3. Anatomy and Physiology 4. Biomechanics 5. Biomaterials 6. Tissue Engineering 7. Compartmental Modeling 8. Biochemical Reactions and Enzyme Kinetics 9. Bioinstrumentation 10. Biomedical Sensors 11. Biosignal Processing 12. Bioelectric Phenomena 13. Physiological Modeling 14. Biomedical Transport Processes 15. Radiation Imaging 16. Medical Imaging 17. Biomedical Optics and Lasers

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe present book volume presents a holistic view of the aspects of nanobiomaterials incl. their stellar merits and limitations, applications in diverse fields, their futuristic promise in the fields of biomedical science and drug delivery. The federal & regulatory issues on the usage of nanobiomaterials have been assigned due consideration.Table of ContentsApplications of Nano-Based Biomaterials. Nanocoutured Metallic Biomaterials and Surface Functionalization of Titanium-based Alloys for Medical Applications. Graphene-Polymer Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications. Lipid-based Nanocarriers in Lymphatic Transport of Drugs: Retrospect and Prospects. Nanotechnology in Early Diagnosis of Cancer. Dendrimers: Emerging Anti-Infective Nanomedicines. Production and Utilization of Nanofibers. Fibro-Porous Composite Nano-Biomaterials for Enhanced Bio-Integration. Nanocarriers Mediated Protein Delivery. Nanotechnology-Based Prodrug Conjugates for Site-Specific Antineoplastic Therapy. Osteomyelitis: Therapeutic Management using Nanomedicines.Nanostructured Lipid Carriers-Mediated Methotraxate Delivery Evokes Transcription Factors to Induce Selective Apoptosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications. Development of In-house Nano-hydroxyapatite Particles for Dental Applications.

Read more less

Book SynopsisOffering an authoritative and timely account by twenty-nine internationally recognized experts, Metal Ions in Biological Systems: Metal Complexes in Tumor Diagnosis and as Anticancer Agents is devoted solely to the vital research area concerning metal complexes in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In fourteen stimulating chapters, the book focuses on diagnostic tools such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), luminescent probes, and radiopharmaceuticals, including radiometallo-labeled peptides and assesses the role of metal ions, especially iron, in the action of antibiotics employed in anticancer chemotherapy.Trade Review"This is one of two recent volumes in a most successful series publishes since 1973 and which enjoys world renown and respect as both reference and as training material; the current volume is no exception. … [T]his is a gem of a book for both newcomers and established researchers in the field; long may they continue!" - Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 2005Promo CopyTable of ContentsMagnetic Resonance Contrast Agents for Medical and Molecular Imaging. Luminescent Lanthanide Probes as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tools. Radio-Lanthanides in Nuclear Medicine. RadioMetallo-Labeled Peptides in Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy. Cisplatin and Related Anticancer Drugs. Recent Advances and Insights. The Effect of Cytoprotective Agents in Platinum Anticancer Therapy. Antitumor Activity of Trans-Platinum Species. Polynuclear Platinum Drugs. Platinum(IV) Anticancer Complexes. Ruthenium Anticancer Drugs. Antitumor Titanium Compounds and Related Metallocenes. Gold Complexes as Antitumor Agents. Gallium and Other Main Group Metal Compounds as Antitumor Agents. Metal Ion Dependent Antibiotics in Chemotherapy.

Read more less

Book SynopsisBasics of Molecular Recognition explores fundamental recognition principles between monomers or macromolecules that lead to diverse biological functions. Based on the author's longtime courses, the book helps readers understand the structural aspects of macromolecular recognition and stimulates further research on whether molecules similar to DNA or protein can be synthesized chemically.The book begins with the types of bonds that participate in the recognition and the functional groups that are capable of forming these bonds. It then explains how smaller molecules select their partners in the overall recognition scheme, offering examples of specific recognition patterns involving molecules other than nucleic acids. The core of the book focuses on macromolecular recognitionthe central dogma of molecular biology. The author discusses various methods for studying molecular recognition. He also describes how molecules without biological functions can be aTable of ContentsFeatures of Interacting Monomers with Different Functionalities: What Drives the Binding? Molecular Recognition among Various Monomers. Macromolecular Recognition. Methods to Follow Molecular Recognition. Macromolecular Assembly and Recognition with Chemical Entities. Suggested Readings. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisConnecting past, present, and future instrument development and use, Biocalorimetry: Foundations and Contemporary Approaches explores biocalorimetry's history, fundamentals, methodologies, and applications. Some of the most prominent calorimeter developers and users share invaluable personal accounts of discovery, discussing innovative techniques as well as special and original applications. Wide in scope, the book also covers calorimetry use on membranes, nucleic acids, and proteins and addresses both thermodynamics and kinetics. The book begins with a look at the historical development of calorimeters needed for biological research. It then describes advanced approaches that use high-quality commercial calorimeters to study biochemical and other biological processes. It also shows how novel experimental designs and data analysis procedures are applied to proteins, DNA, membranes, and living matter. Trade Review"This is a highly specialized collection of articles mainly by European chemists, biochemists, and biologists. The article topics surround the history, theory, and application of calorimetry in biology. The measurement of heat absorbed and exuded by matter, due to changes in surrounding temperature, forms the science of relevance to characterize the materials; this can be related to their structures and properties. Historically, calories have been defined as units of heat energy. The focus of several chapters includes the problem of measuring the very small amounts of heat specific to biological matter, which requires very sensitive and sophisticated instruments. In four sections, the articles cover the history and methods of calorimetry, the use of differential scanning and isometric titration calorimetry to characterize specific membranes, the calorimetry of nucleic acids and proteins, and applications of calorimetry to other areas, such as clinical samples, enzymes, and pharmaceuticals. Every article is replete with references, graphs, and mathematical analysis. The index is useful.Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students, researchers, professionals."—N. Sadanand, Central Connecticut State University, in the January 2017 issue of CHOICE"Whether the reader is new to the area or already an experienced scientist, this book will serve as the ultimate reference in the field of biocalorimetry. The very pioneers that gave us the instrumentation and techniques cover the history and background of biocalorimetry. The ongoing research is described by current experts in different fields of biocalorimetry. Everything is there."—Arne Schön, Research Scientist, Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University"This book is a much-needed update on the field of biothermodynamics and biocalorimetry. It starts with historical and sometimes personal views from some of the pioneers of this field, followed by reviews on the state of the art of calorimetry application to the study of biomembranes, nucleic acids, and proteins, as well as biomedical applications. I think all newcomers should take the time to read the book from its beginning to grasp how the field started and until the end to have an idea on where it is expanding to."—Watson Loh, Professor of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas"This is a highly specialized collection of articles mainly by European chemists, biochemists, and biologists. The article topics surround the history, theory, and application of calorimetry in biology. The measurement of heat absorbed and exuded by matter, due to changes in surrounding temperature, forms the science of relevance to characterize the materials; this can be related to their structures and properties. Historically, calories have been defined as units of heat energy. The focus of several chapters includes the problem of measuring the very small amounts of heat specific to biological matter, which requires very sensitive and sophisticated instruments. In four sections, the articles cover the history and methods of calorimetry, the use of differential scanning and isometric titration calorimetry to characterize specific membranes, the calorimetry of nucleic acids and proteins, and applications of calorimetry to other areas, such as clinical samples, enzymes, and pharmaceuticals. Every article is replete with references, graphs, and mathematical analysis. The index is useful.Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students, researchers, professionals."—N. Sadanand, Central Connecticut State University, in the January 2017 issue of CHOICE"Whether the reader is new to the area or already an experienced scientist, this book will serve as the ultimate reference in the field of biocalorimetry. The very pioneers that gave us the instrumentation and techniques cover the history and background of biocalorimetry. The ongoing research is described by current experts in different fields of biocalorimetry. Everything is there."—Arne Schön, Research Scientist, Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University"This book is a much-needed update on the field of biothermodynamics and biocalorimetry. It starts with historical and sometimes personal views from some of the pioneers of this field, followed by reviews on the state of the art of calorimetry application to the study of biomembranes, nucleic acids, and proteins, as well as biomedical applications. I think all newcomers should take the time to read the book from its beginning to grasp how the field started and until the end to have an idea on where it is expanding to."—Watson Loh, Professor of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of CampinasTable of ContentsIntroduction: Historical and Methodological Context. Membrane Characterization and Partition to Membranes. Nucleic Acids and Proteins: Stability and Their Interactions with Ligands. Calorimetry as a Tool in Applied Fields.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis is the fascinating theory from author and futurist Byron Reese, who calls this human superorganism “Agora.” In We Are Agora, Reese starts by asking the question, “What is life and how did it form?” From there, he looks at how multicellular life came about, how consciousness emerged, and looks at other superorganisms in nature to figure out how they form. Then, Reese poses eight big questions based on the Agora theory, including: If ants have colonies, bees have hives, and we have our bodies, how does Agora manifest itself? Does it have a body? Can Agora explain things that happen that are both under our control and near universally undesirable, such as war? How can Agora theory explain long-term progress we’ve made in the world? In this unique and ambitious work that spans all of human history and looks boldly into its future, Reese melds science and history to look at the human species from a fresh new perspective. Told with his characteristic wit and compulsive readability, We Are Agora will give readers a better understanding of where we’ve been, where we’re going, and how our fates are intertwined.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSeeking Symmetry: Finding patterns in human health offers a guide through the overwhelming mass of data generated by contemporary science. Starved for the knowledge that would best help us stay healthy, we are simultaneously glutted with an overload of information about the human body. Amidst ubiquitous talk that patient-centred care and lifestyle changes are the keys to personal health, self-neglect and medical overtreatment nevertheless prevail.The body is rich with symmetries, many of them unknown to us who live in these bodies. Symmetry-seeking reveals certain patterns for understanding the information we have about the body, patterns whose roots lie in embryonic development and in evolution.The book''s exploration will guide readers through the parts of their own bodies and introduce tangible, visible examples of symmetry, not only right and left but up and down, male and female, inside and out, as well as symmetries between humans and other species.It presents the symmetries of the body''s internal structures that, despite their complexity, are nevertheless simple to understand when viewed with an eye for pattern.Through both words and images, this book will illustrate the most foundational of the principles, structures, and processes that decide how bodies function.A core purpose of the book is to present this knowledge through a lens that makes the information meaningful, by modelling the habit of symmetry-seeking.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDr. Smirnova's updated text is devoted to the theoretical studies of radiation effects on mammals. It summarizes 35 years of results the author obtained from analyzing dose rate equivalents for the Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) and for Solar Particles Events (SPE). This edition also includes two new chapters on skin epidermal epithelium and risk assessment for myeloid leukemia, as well as extended revisions addressing the radiation effects on the blood-forming system. Mathematical models are used to explain the effects of both acute and chronic irradiation on the dynamics of vital body systems, like the hematopoietic system, the development of autoimmune diseases, and the mortality dynamics in homogeneous and nonhomogeneous mammalian populations. The proposed methodology of these studies, the models themselves, and the obtained results are of a great theoretical significance and can find wide practical use.Table of ContentsEffects of Acute and Chronic Irradiation on the Blood-Forming System.- Effects of Non-Uniform Acute Irradiation on the Blood-Forming System. - The Small Intestine as a Target for Radiation.- Radiation and Humoral Immunity.- Modeling of Autoimmune Processes.- Individual-Based Approach to Risk Assessment of Radiation-Induced Mortality.- Effects of Acute and Chronic Irradiation on Human Hematopoiesis. - Radiogenic Leukemia Risk Assessment. - Radiation and Skin. - Conclusions.- Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisVery well structured, presenting the complex topic on a readily accessible level, this book is the first to explain all the biological properties of nerve cell membranes. Without neglecting the known theories of nerve impulse propagation, the monograph focuses on the less known features of nerve cell membranes, such as their mechanical, caloric and optical properties. Based on these properties, the author then develops an electromechanical theory of pulse propagation, offering the most plausible explanation yet for some unresolved questions regarding the effects observed during general anesthesia. Of prime interest to the biophysical audience working on biomembranes as well for neurobiologists and everyone involved in anesthesia research. Additional features, such as summaries, textboxes and supplementary web material, also make this an excellent companion for teaching.

Read more less

Book SynopsisPhysik für Biologen - Kein trockener Stoff nur für die Prüfung! Eine Einführung in die Grundlagen der klassischen und modernen Physik sowie in die physikalischen Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Natur. Physik für Biologen - Die Grundlagen verstehen und die Wissenschaft vom Leben wird lebendig!Table of ContentsKlassische Physik.- Einführung.- Die Physik des Massenpunkts.- Die Physik des starren Körpers.- Die Physik des deformierbaren Körpers.- Die Physik der Flüssigkeiten.- Thermodynamik.- Mechanische Schwingungen und Wellen.- Das elektrische und das magnetische Feld.- Zeitlich veränderliche Felder.- Optik.- Moderne Physik.- Einführung.- Die spezielle Relativitätstheorie.- Die Quantelung des Lichts.- Materiewellen.- Atomphysik.- Kernphysik.- Quantenphysik der Vielteilchensysteme.- Molekülphysik.- Anhänge.

Read more less

Book SynopsisBiomateriomics is the holistic study of biological material systems. While such systems are undoubtedly complex, we frequently encounter similar components -- universal building blocks and hierarchical structure motifs -- which result in a diverse set of functionalities. Similar to the way music or language arises from a limited set of music notes and words, we exploit the relationships between form and function in a meaningful way by recognizing the similarities between Beethoven and bone, or Shakespeare and silk. Through the investigation of material properties, examining fundamental links between processes, structures, and properties at multiple scales and their interactions, materiomics explains system functionality from the level of building blocks. Biomateriomics specifically focuses the analysis of the role of materials in the context of biological processes, the transfer of biological material principles towards biomimetic and bioinspired applications, and the study of interfaces between living and non-living systems. The challenges of biological materials are vast, but the convergence of biology, mathematics and engineering as well as computational and experimental techniques have resulted in the toolset necessary to describe complex material systems, from nano to macro. Applying biomateriomics can unlock Nature’s secret to high performance materials such as spider silk, bone, and nacre, and elucidate the progression and diagnosis or the treatment of diseases. Similarly, it contributes to develop a de novo understanding of biological material processes and to the potential of exploiting novel concepts in innovation, material synthesis and design.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“This book is a good introduction to biomateriomics and would be valuable to anyone interested in the development of new materials and molecular simulation methods.” (Ben Alcock, iom3.org, April, 2013)Table of ContentsPart I: A Materiomics Perspective.- The Materiome.- Biological Materials: A Biomateriomics Approach.- Music, Linguistics and Hierarchical Materials and Universality-Diversity Paradigm.- Part II: Methods and Tools .- Theory, Computational Approaches and Simulation.- Experimental Approaches.- Example: Mechanical Characterization through Experiment, Theory and Simulation.- Part III: Applied Biomateriomics.- Pathological Materiomics.- Synthesis and Design.- Conclusion, and Future of Biomateriomics.

Read more less

Book SynopsisProtein-mediated charge transport is of relevant importance in the design of protein-based electronics and in attaining an adequate level of understanding of protein functioning. This book reviews a variety of experiments devoted to the investigation of charge transport in proteins and presents a unified theoretical model to interpret macroscopic results in terms of the amino acids backbone-structure of the single protein. It aims to serve a broad audience of researchers involved in the field of electrical characterization of biological materials and in the development of new molecular devices based on proteins and also as a reference platform that surveys existing data and presents the basis for future development of a new branch of nano-electronics, which by mixing proteomics, that is, the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions, and electronics is introduced here as proteotronics.Trade Review"This book presents the first structured approach to the new field of protein-based electronics, which has opened possibilities for the development of new concepts of nanobiosensors for health applications. It presents a solid theoretical approach which is validated by the existing experimental evidence, and will be of relevance for both young and experienced researchers who are interested in the frontier between electronics and biology."— Prof. Joan Bausells, Barcelona Microelectronics Institute (CSIC), Spain"This book presents a newly emerging discipline, proteotronics, investigating the coupling between the protein world and electronics. It opens the field of protein-based nanobiosensors that are able to bypass the complicated sequence of biological events for signal generation in e-sensing." — Prof. Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lyon, France"Alfinito and her coworkers have made the very first steps of analyzing the electrical transport characteristics of the building elements of potentially important protein-based electronics. Highly recommended reading for all those who are involved with these developments and anybody who is interested in these challenging issues." — Prof. Lazlo B. Kish, Texas A&M University, USATable of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Sensing Proteins. Electrical Properties: Experiments. Electrical Properties: Theory. Bacteriorhodopsin as Testing Prototype. Survey of Other Proteins. Conclusion and Perspectives. Appendix: Computational Details. List of acronyms. Bibliography. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAs computational hardware continues to develop at a rapid pace, quantitative computations are playing an increasingly essential role in the study of biomolecular systems. One of the most important challenges that the field faces is to develop the next generation of computational models that strike the proper balance of computational efficiency and accuracy, so that the problems of increasing complexity can be tackled in a systematic and physically robust manner. In particular, properly treating intermolecular interactions is fundamentally important for the reliability of all computational models. In this book, contributions by leading experts in the area of biomolecular simulations discuss cutting-edge ideas regarding effective strategies to describe many-body effects and electrostatics at quantum, classical, and coarse-grained levels. The goal of the book is to not only provide an up-to-date snapshot of the current simulation field but also stimulate exchange of ideas across different sub-fields of modern computational (bio)chemistry. The text will be a useful reference for the biomolecular simulation community and help attract talented young students into this exciting frontier of research.Trade Review"This book is a state-of-the-art report on the description of molecular energetics using force fields, which are the most critical element in computer simulations of biomolecular systems. The 16 chapters, written by leaders in the field, provide in-depth reports on all important current issues, including the representation of polarization, quantum mechanics-based force fields, and coarse-grained approaches for RNA, DNA, and membranes. This is an important reference for anyone involved in computational studies in chemistry and biology, especially those who want a deeper understanding of the underlying representations of intra- and intermolecular energetics."—Prof. William L. Jorgensen, Yale University, USATable of ContentsQM and QM/MM Methods. Polarizable continuum models for (bio)molecular electrostatics: Basic theory and recent developments for macromolecules and simulations. A modified divide-and-conquer linear-scaling quantum force field with multipolar charge densities. Explicit polarization theory. Effective fragment potential method. Quantum mechanical methods for quantifying and analyzing non-covalent interactions and for force-field development. Force field development with density-based energy decomposition analysis. Atomistic Models. Differential geometry-based solvation and electrolyte transport models for biomolecular modeling: a review. Explicit inclusion of induced polarization in atomistic force fields based on the classical Drude oscillator model. Multipolar force fields for atomistic simulations. Quantum mechanics based polarizable force field for proteins. Status of the Gaussian electrostatic model, a density-based polarizable force field. Water models: Looking forward by looking backward. Coarse-Grained Models. A physics-based coarse-grained model with electric multipoles. Coarse-grained membrane force field based on Gay–Berne potential and electric multipoles. Perspectives on the coarse-grained models of DNA. RNA coarse-grained model theory.

Read more less

Book SynopsisPresents a detailed account of the principles of classical physics, evolutionary theory, and plant biology in order to explain the complex interrelationships among plant form, function, environment, and evolutionary history.Trade Review"Brilliant.... This is truly a lovely book." (Plant Science Bulletin) "There is no better way to learn about plants than studying physics and to learn physics than studying plants. This book does just so. In a comprehensive but not overwhelming manner, the authors provide an overview of carefully selected topics that beautifully link descriptions of plant physiological and cellular activity with explanations of the physical forces that shape plant structure and function.... A valuable addition to the book-shelves in all plant biology or physics graduate rooms and for all plant biology or physics teachers." (Quarterly Review of Biology)"

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis monograph presents a general mathematical theory for biological growth. The author herein presents the first major technical monograph on the problem of growth since D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson’s 1917 book On Growth and Form.The emphasis of the book is on the proper mathematical formulation of growth kinematics and mechanics.Trade Review“Goriely’s book is self-contained and provides sufficient review of the background material necessary to understand the mathematics employed in the study of phenomena he describes. … Overall, the text is well written, richly illustrated, and enjoyable to read, although the monograph is lengthy. I applaud Prof. Goriely on his impressive text.” (Bhargav Karamched, SIAM Review, Vol. 61 (1), March, 2019)“The book grasps the conceptual and technical aspects underpinning the role of mechanics in the growth of biological tissues. It is the first major modern monograph on the subject, which synthesizes the research activity in this vivid field of the mathematics and mechanics of growth since now more than two decades. … The monograph is overall well-structured and rich in illustrations and will be accessible and appealing to readers with different interest and background, including life scientists … .” (Jean-François Ganghoffer, Journal of Geometry and Symmetry in Physics JGSP, Vol. 49, 2018)“The book is very informative, it is written in an easy readable and intriguing way. It has a large reference list of 1369 bibliographic descriptions and a carefully prepared index. The book should be helpful for researchers who work in the multidisciplinary fields of theoretical biology, biomechanics, biomedical engineering, biophysics and applied mathematics.” (Svetoslav Markov, zbMATH 1398.92003, 2018)Table of ContentsBasic aspects of growth.- Mechanics and growth.- Discrete computational models.- Growing on a line.- Elastic rods.- Morphoelastic rods.- Accretive growth.- Membranes and shells.- Growing membranes.- Morphoelastic plates.- Nonlinear elasticity.- The kinematics of growth.- Balance laws.- Evolution laws and stability.- Growing spheres.- Growing cylinders.- Ten challenges.- References.- Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest single class of receptors in biology, often playing key roles in a remarkably large number of physiological and pathophysiological conditions. GPCRs or GPCR-dependent signalling pathways are the targets of a very large number of therapeutically useful drugs. Detailed knowledge about the molecular structure of GPCRs should therefore pave the way for the design of novel drugs with increased efficacy and specificity. This volume provides a concise, up-to-date presentation of methods (including molecular genetic, biochemical, and biophysical) which have been used successfully in studying the structure and function of GPCRs. With contributions from international leaders in the field, the editor provides overviews of various techniques, followed by in-depth descriptions of basic procedures and discussions of critical experimental parameters. Divided into specific, accessible sections, Structure-Function Analysis of G ProteTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: Overview of Mutagenesis Techniques (T. Fong). The Substituted-Cysteine Accessibility Method (J. Javitch). Metal-Ions as Atomic Scale Probes of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Structure (J. Schetz & D. Sibley). Genetic Approaches for Studying the Structure and Function of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Yeast (C. Sommers & M. Dumont). Electron-Crystallographic Analysis of Two-Dimensional Rhodopsin Crystals (G. Schertler). Site-Directed Spin-Labeling (SDSL) Studies of the G Protein-Coupled Receptor Rhodopsin (D. Farrens). Lead Discovery and Development for G Protein-Coupled Receptors (D. Underwood & M. Cascieri). Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis new edition of A.H.W. Nias' successful book provides an updated and revised introduction to quantitative radiobiology, particularly, to those aspects of the subject which have a practical application. Radiation is used to cure cancer but can also cause it. Radiation is also used in medical diagnosis and in nuclear power stations.Table of ContentsHistory and Definitions. Cells and Tissues. Proliferation Kinetics. Ionizing Radiations. Subcellular Radiobiology. Radiation Cell Damage. Reparable Damage. Intrinsic Radiosensitivity. Densely Ionizing Radiation. The Oxygen Effect. Radiosensitizers and Radioprotectors. Normal and Malignant Cells. Radiation Pathology. Whole-Body Radiation. Proliferation Kinetics after Radiation. Fractionated Radiotherapy. Protracted Radiation. Diagnostic Radiology. Environmental Radiation. Radiation Protection. Further Reading. Glossary. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAddressing general readers and biologists, this title shows how the physics of fluids (in this case, air and water) influences the often fantastic ways in which life forms adapt themselves to their terrestrial or aquatic 'media'.Trade ReviewWinner of the 1993 Award for Best New Book, Professional and Scholarly Division of the American Association of Univeristy Publishers "Seldom does one come across a science book that weighs 1.5 kg, is packed with information, and yet makes fascinating reading from cover to cover... [Denny] relates the ability of living organisms to exist, move, and function to the bulk physical properties of the two substrates peculiar to Earth: air and water... The biological examples are beautifully chosen and the author displays a fine sense of humor."--Felix Franks, Nature "This is an interesting and fascinating book for the biologist and environmental scientist, who are often faced with the problem of resolving the interactions between organisms and their environment but rarely have an adequate or sufficiently detailed knowledge of the underlying physical principles to achieve a satisfactory resolution. In considering the interdependence between the physics of air and water, and the functional biology of the organisms which have evolved and adapted to terrestrial or aquatic environments, Denny has focused our attention on how the differences in many attributes of life, such as size and shape, can be explained by the physics of fluids."--Dennis A. Baker, The Times Higher Education Supplement

Read more less

Book SynopsisMany remarkable medical technologies, diagnostic tools, and treatment methods have emerged as a result of modern physics discoveries in the last century--including X-rays, radiation treatment, laser surgery, high-resolution ultrasound scans, computerized tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging. This undergraduate-level textbook descriTrade Review"Applications of Modern Physics in Medicine fills an important need: it explains the physics principals behind commonly used medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures to scientists, engineers, and technicians working in the field. The necessary basic physics is discussed clearly and simply in early chapters and then used effectively and convincingly in later chapters covering medical applications. This lovely book should lead to the creation of new physics courses all over the world."—Gerald Miller, University of Washington"With a refreshing and accessible style, this textbook grounds medical physics in familiar physical principles, making it useful for undergraduate physics teaching. This book will have a place in a wide range of biomedical science courses and medical physics undergraduate modules, and as supplementary reading for medical doctors, radiographers, and other health professionals." —Mike Partridge, Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford"Bridging the gap between the fundamental concepts of modern physics and medical technology in modern medicine, this book encompasses large numbers of topics from X-rays and gamma rays to lasers, MRI, ultrasound, and therapeutic applications of modern physics technologies. It will serve as a good introductory text to students in biomedical engineering, medical physics, health physics, and biophysics."—Terry T. Yoshizumi, Duke University School of MedicineTable of ContentsPreface and Guide to Using This Book xi Technical Abbreviations xv Timeline of Seminal Discoveries in Modern Physics xvii Timeline of Discoveries and Inventions in Modern Medical Physics xix Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 The Meaning of the Term Modern Physics 5 1.3 Mortality 6 1.4 How to Use This Book 7 Exercises 8 Chapter 2 When You Visit Your Doctor: The Physics of the "Vital Signs" 2.1 Introduction 10 2.2 Stethoscope 11 2.3 Sphygmomanometer and Blood Pressure 12 2.4 Electrocardiogram 15 2.5 Physics and Physiology of Diet, Exercise, and Weight 17 Exercises 21 Chapter 3 Particles, Waves, and the Laws that Govern Them 3.1 What Is Modern Physics? 22 3.2 Light: Particle or Wave? 25 3.3 Atoms 30 3.4 Lasers 41 3.5 Relativity 45 3.6 Nuclei 53 3.7 X-Rays and Radioactivity 63 Exercises 80 Chapter 4 Photon and Charged-Particle Interactions with a Medium 4.1 Overview 84 4.2 Mean Free Path and Cross Sections 85 4.3 Photon Interactions 87 4.4 Electron and Positron Interactions 98 Exercises 104 Chapter 5 Interactions of Radiation with Living Tissue 5.1 Introduction 107 5.2 Cell Death Due to DNA Radiation Damage 108 5.3 Dependence of Cell Survival on the Dose 112 5.4 Low Doses of Radiation 116 5.5 Radiation Dose versus Altitude 119 Exercises 121 Chapter 6 Diagnostic Applications I: Photons and Radionuclides 6.1 Overview 122 6.2 Photons 122 6.3 X-Rays and Gamma Rays 133 6.4 Radionuclides 156 6.5 Novel Ideas for Nuclear Imaging 166 Exercises 168 Chapter 7 Diagnostic Applications II: MRI and Ultrasound 7.1 Overview 171 7.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 172 7.3 Ultrasound 199 7.4 Multimodal Imaging 220 Exercises 224 Chapter 8 Applications in Treatment 8.1 Overview 226 8.2 Treatment with Radiation 226 8.3 Treatment with Particles 233 8.4 Treatment with Ultrasound 239 8.5 Treatment with Microwaves 244 8.6 Treatment with Lasers 244 Exercises 246 Appendix A Constants, Powers of 10, and Conversions Mentioned in the Text Fundamental Constants 247 Powers of 10 and Their Prefixes 247 Conversion Factors and Equations 248 Appendix B Mortality Modeling 251 Appendix C Evaluation of the Sound Field from One Transducer Far-field (Fraunhofer) Region 255 Near-field (Fresnel) Region 257 Notes 261 Index 267

Read more less

Book SynopsisOffers a look into how the characteristics of the physical world drive the designs of animals and plants. This title contains information related to functional biology. Drawing examples from creatures of land, air, and water, it demonstrates the many uses of biological diversity and how physical forces impact biological organisms.Trade Review"If what you desire in a readable science book is food for thought, Glimpses of Creatures in their Physical Worlds provides a feast. Biologists, engineers, and physicists--indeed, anyone with curiosity about the natural world--will revel in this smorgasbord of biomechanical ideas."--Mark Denny, American Scientist "Such a book could be written only by someone with a rich knowledge of biomechanics, and Vogel, an emeritus professor of biology at Duke University, fits the bill. Considered one of the founders of the biomechanics community in the US, his distinguished research career has focused on organism-fluid interactions and such diverse topics as the behavior of leaves in the wind, passive ventilation of prairie-dog burrows, and airflow through the branching antennae of some moths. His breadth of knowledge is clearly reflected in the examples presented and the creative thought embodied in Glimpses of Creatures in Their Physical Worlds. Vogel uses the same approachable, entertaining writing style... [T]his book is sure to serve as an inspiring entry into the field of biomechanics."--Stacey Combes, Physics Today "It is a fine book and emphasizes important relationships too often neglected."--Choice "As ever, Vogel is inspiring and his insights are remarkable."--Henry Bennet-Clark, BioScienceTable of ContentsPreface vii Chapter One: Two Ways to Move Material 1 Chapter Two: The Bioballistics of Small Projectiles 18 Chapter Three: Getting Up to Speed 39 Chapter Four: Moving Heat Around 58 Chapter Five: Maintaining Temperature 80 Chapter Six: Gravity and Life in the Air 95 Chapter Seven: Gravity and Life on the Ground 116 Chapter Eight: Gravity and Life in Water 141 Chapter Nine: Making and Maintaining Liquid Water 164 Chapter Ten: Pumping Fluids through Conduits 184 Chapter Eleven: To Twist or Bend When Stressed 209 Chapter Twelve: Keeping Up Upward and Down Downward 232 List of Symbols 259 References and Index of Citations 263 Index 289

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"From Photon to Neuron: Light, Imaging, Vision completes a trilogy begun by Biological Physics and Physical Models of Living Systems. Those works establish Nelson as the preeminent author of textbooks at the intersection of physics and biology. . . . Nelson uses words, pictures, formulas, and code to teach students how to construct models and interpret data. His books provide a master class in how to integrate those four different approaches into a complete learning experience."---Bradley Roth, Physics Today"A thorough and sweeping tour from the fundamental physics of light to the neurobiology of the retina, with many asides into modern advances in imaging. Lavishly illustrated and carefully explained. . . . The book itself is a gem."---Sönke Johnsen, American Journal of Physics"As elegant as it is deep. A masterful tour of the science of light and vision, it goes beyond artificial boundaries between disciplines and presents all aspects of light as it appears in physics, chemistry, biology and the neural sciences. . . . In the same way that the author instructs non-physics students in some basic physics concepts and tools, he also provides physicists with accessible and very clear presentations of many biological phenomena involving light. . . . One of the most insightful, cross-disciplinary texts I have read in many years. It is mesmerising and will become a landmark in rigorous, but highly accessible interdisciplinary literature."---Luis Alvarez-Gaumé, CERN Courier

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"Hiesinger elegantly moves through a variety of topics, ranging from biological development to AI and ending with a discussion of the advances that deep neural networks have brought to the field of brain-machine interfaces."---Kamila Maria Jóźwik, Science"Hiesinger suggests that instead of looking at the brain from an endpoint perspective, we should study how information encoded in the genome is transformed to become the brain as we grow. . . . The Self-Assembling Brain is organized as a series of seminar presentations interspersed with discussions between a robotics engineer, a neuroscientist, a geneticist, and an AI researcher. The thought-provoking conversations help to understand the views and the holes of each field on topics related to the mind, the brain, intelligence, and AI."---Ben Dickson, TechTalks"For anyone interested in the brain, or AI, or any of the myriad of branches and subbranches of each, I would highly recommend this!"---Jonathan Shock, Mathemafrica

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"Hands down the most beautiful book I’ve ever read. . . . The intersection of biology and physics might be the most underappreciated cross-over in the sciences."---Nicole Barbaro, Bookmarked"The author's style is mostly captivating, and the illustrations provide unique support . . . Parthasarathy's commitment regarding the importance of education about scientific discovery and its place in today's world is evident throughout."---F. W. Yow, Choice

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"Hiesinger elegantly moves through a variety of topics, ranging from biological development to AI and ending with a discussion of the advances that deep neural networks have brought to the field of brain-machine interfaces."---Kamila Maria Jóźwik, Science"Hiesinger suggests that instead of looking at the brain from an endpoint perspective, we should study how information encoded in the genome is transformed to become the brain as we grow. . . . The Self-Assembling Brain is organized as a series of seminar presentations interspersed with discussions between a robotics engineer, a neuroscientist, a geneticist, and an AI researcher. The thought-provoking conversations help to understand the views and the holes of each field on topics related to the mind, the brain, intelligence, and AI."---Ben Dickson, TechTalks"For anyone interested in the brain, or AI, or any of the myriad of branches and subbranches of each, I would highly recommend this!"---Jonathan Shock, Mathemafrica

Read more less

Book SynopsisSoils interact with the biological environment in a number of ways. Our understanding of these interactions can often be enhanced by computer modelling. The primary function of this book is to introduce basic modelling skills and to show how even complex problems in the relationship between soil and the biosphere can be solved using modelling packages. The author presents numerous examples using ModelMaker, an easily learnt software package. Only basic mathematical skills are expected of the reader. A demo of ModelMaker is available on CD from Cherwell ScientificTable of Contents1: Introduction 2: Nitrogen Transformation in Soil 3: Modelling kinetics 4: Nitrification 5: Denitrification 6: C/N transformations in soil organic matter 7: Soil Temperature 8: Dynamics in space and time 9: Volumetric heat capacity and thermal conductivity 10: Heat flow models 11: Soil Water 12: Potential concept 13: Hydraulic conductivity 14: Basic water flow model 15: Other boundary conditions 16: Infiltrability 17: Soil Energy Balance 18: Soil temperature-moisture model 19: Radiation balance 20: Water vapour movement 21: Plant Growth 22: Conceptual plant growth model 23: Photosynthesis 24: Plant growth-substrate relationships 25: Environmental factors 26: Leaching 27: Transport processes 28: Leaching models 29: Final Comments

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis detailed book explores examples of current in vitro and in silico techniques that are at the forefront of lipid membrane research today. Beginning with methods and strategies associated with the creation and use of lipid membrane models in various research settings, the volume continues with electrical impedance spectroscopy strategies and methods to identify how ions and proteins interact with model lipid bilayers, guidance on lipid bilayer in silico molecular dynamics modeling, novel techniques to explore lipid bilayer characteristics using neutron scattering, IR spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), as well as unique fluorescence techniques. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series style, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Table of Contents1. Methods for Forming Giant Unilamellar Fatty Acid Vesicles Lauren A. Lowe, Daniel W.K. Loo, and Anna Wang 2. Preparing Ion Channel Switch Membrane-Based Biosensors Amani Alghalayini, Charles G. Cranfield, Bruce A. Cornell, and Stella M. Valenzuela 3. Langmuir-Schaefer Deposition to Create an Asymmetrical Lipopolysaccharide Sparsely-Tethered Lipid Bilayer Charles G. Cranfield, Anton Le Brun, Alvaro Garcia, Bruce A. Cornell, and Stephen A. Holt 4. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Convenient Tool to Characterize Tethered Bilayer Membranes Tadas Penkauskas, Filipas Ambrulevičius, and Gintaras Valinčius 5. Measuring Voltage-Current Characteristics of Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes to Determine the Electro-Insertion Properties of Analytes Hadeel Alobeedallah, Bruce A. Cornell, and Hans Coster 6. Measuring Activation Energies for Ion Transport Using Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes (tBLMs) Hadeel Alobeedallah, Bruce A. Cornell, and Hans Coster 7. Determining the Pore Size of Multimeric Peptide Ion Channels Using Cation Conductance Measures of Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes Lissy M. Hartmann, Alvaro Garcia, Evelyne Deplazes, and Charles G. Cranfield 8. De-Insertion Current Analysis of Pore-Forming Peptides and Proteins Using Gold Electrode-Supported Lipid Bilayer Kan Shoji 9. Drug Meets Monolayer: Understanding the Interactions of Sterol Drugs with Models of the Lung Surfactant Monolayer Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations Sheikh I. Hossain, Mohammad Z. Islam, Suvash C. Saha, and Evelyne Deplazes 10. Establishing a Lipid Bilayer for Molecular Dynamics Simulations Robby Manrique 11. Initiating Coarse-Grained MD Simulations for Membrane-Bound Proteins Amanda Buyan and Ben Corry 12. Small Angle Neutron Scattering of Liposomes: Sample Preparation to Simple Modeling Kathleen Wood 13. Time-Resolved SANS to Measure Monomer Inter-Bilayer Exchange and Intra-Bilayer Translocation Michael H.L. Nguyen, Mitchell DiPasquale, Stuart R. Castillo, and Drew Marquardt 14. Identifying Membrane Lateral Organization by Contrast-Matched Small Angle Neutron Scattering Mitchell DiPasquale, Michael H.L. Nguyen, Stuart R. Castillo, Frederick A. Heberle, and Drew Marquardt 15. Using refnx to Model Neutron Reflectometry Data from Phospholipid Bilayers Stephen A. Holt, Tara E. Oliver, and Andrew R.J. Nelson 16. Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy (SEIRAS) to Probe Interfacial Water in Floating Bilayer Lipid Membranes (fBLMs) Kinga Burdach, Damian Dziubak, and Slawomir Sek 17. Manipulation of Lipid Membranes with Thermal Stimuli Karolina Spustova, Lin Xue, Ruslan Ryskulov, Aldo Jesorka, and Irep Gözen 18. Analyzing Morphological Properties of Early-Stage Toxic Amyloid β Oligomers by Atomic Force Microscopy Dusan Mrdenovic, Jacek Lipkowski, and Piotr Pieta 19. Formation and Nanoscale Characterization of Asymmetric Supported Lipid Bilayers Containing Raft-Like Domains Romina F. Vázquez, Erasmo Ovalle-García, Armando Antillón, Iván Ortega-Blake, Carlos Muñoz-Garay, and Sabina M. Maté 20. Rapid FLIM Measurement of Membrane Tension Probe Flipper-TR Elvis Pandzic, Renee Whan, and Alex Macmillan 21. Bacterial Dye Release Measures in Response to Antimicrobial Peptides Srikanth Dumpati and Debarun Dutta 22. Quantitative Measurements of Membrane Lipid Order in Yeast and Fungi Maria Makarova and Dylan M. Owen

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis detailed volume is devoted to the recent development of quantitative experiments and computational methods driving new transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) and other cell signaling knowledge.Table of Contents1. Absolute Quantification of TGF-β Signaling Proteins Using Quantitative Western Blot Difan Deng and Zhike Zi 2. Fast Quantitation of TGF-β Signaling Using Adenoviral Reporter Adilson Fonseca Teixeira, Josie Iaria, and Hong-Jian Zhu 3. Complex Formation among TGF-b Receptors in Live Cell Membranes Measured by Patch-FRAP Szabina Szófia Szilágyi, Orit Gutman, and Yoav I. Henis 4. Branched Proximity Hybridization Assay for the Quantification of Nanoscale Protein-Protein Proximity Jianying Yang 5. Visualizing Dynamic Changes during TGF-β-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Abhishek Sinha, Pranav Mehta, Chuannan Fan, Jing Zhang, Dieuwke L. Marvin, Maarten van Dinther, Laila Ritsma, Pouyan E. Boukany, and Peter ten Dijke 6. Establishment of Embryonic Zebrafish Xenograft Assays to Investigate TGF-β Family Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Progression Chao Li, Jin Ma, Arwin Groenewoud, Jiang Ren, Sijia Liu, B. Ewa Snaar-Jagalska, and Peter ten Dijke 7. Generating Somatic Knockout Cell Lines with CRISPR-Cas9 Technology to Investigate SMAD Signaling Zixin Huang and Alexander Loewer 8. CRISPR-Based Screening in Three-Dimensional Organoid Cultures to Identify TGF-β Pathway Regulators Nina Frey and Gerald Schwank 9. Optogenetic Control of TGF-β Signaling Yuchao Li and Zhike Zi 10. Using Microfluidics and Live Cell Reporters to Dissect the Dynamics of TGF-β Signaling in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Fabien Furfaro, Carine Vias, and Benoit Sorre 11. Energy Landscape Analysis of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Network Leijun Ye and Chunhe Li 12. Discrete Logic Modeling of Cell Signaling Pathways Nensi Ikonomi, Silke D. Werle, Julian D. Schwab, and Hans A. Kestler 13. Mining of Single-Cell Signaling Time-Series for Dynamic Phenotypes with Clustering Maciej Dobrzyński, Marc-Antoine Jacques, and Olivier Pertz 14. Automated Classification of Cellular Phenotypes Using Machine Learning in Cellprofiler and CellProfiler Analyst Marja Kornhuber and Sebastian Dunst 15. Live Cell Imaging of Spatiotemporal Ca2+ Fluctuation Responses to Anticancer Drugs Zeyu Liu, Adrian Ramirez, and Xuedong Liu

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe fun, easy way to get up to speed on biophysics concepts, principles, and practices One of the most diverse of modern scientific disciplines, biophysics applies methods and technologies from physics to the study of biological systems and phenomena, from the human nervous system to soil erosion to global warming.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Getting Started with Biophysics 5 Chapter 1: Welcoming You to the World of Biophysics 7 Chapter 2: Interrogating Biophysics: The Five Ws and One H 19 Chapter 3: Speaking Physics: The Basics for All Areas of Biophysics 25 Part II: Calling the Mechanics to Fix Your Bio — Biomechanics 47 Chapter 4: Bullying Biomechanics with the Laws of Physics 49 Chapter 5: Sitting with Couch Potatoes — Static Equilibrium 77 Chapter 6: Building the Mechanics of the Human Body and Animals 105 Chapter 7: Making The World Go Round With Physics — Dynamics 139 Chapter 8: Looking at Where Moving Objects Go — Kinematics 165 Part III: Making Your Blood Boil — The Physics of Fluids 187 Chapter 9: Understanding the Mechanics of Fluids and Cohesive Forces 189 Chapter 10: Going with the Fluid Flow — Fluid Dynamics 209 Chapter 11: Breaking through to the Other Side — Transport, Membranes, and Porous Material 235 Part IV: Playing the Music Too Loud — Sound and Waves 253 Chapter 12: Examining the Physics of Waves and Sound 255 Chapter 13: Grasping How Animals and Instruments Produce Sound Waves 275 Chapter 14: Detecting Sound Waves with the Ear 293 Chapter 15: Listening to Sound — Doppler Effect, Echolocation, and Imaging 305 Part V: Interacting Subatomic Particles’ Influcence on Biological Organisms 315 Chapter 16: Charging Matter: The Laws of Physics for Electricity, Magnetism, and Electromagnetism 317 Chapter 17: Tapping into the Physics of Radiation 339 Chapter 18: Fighting the Big C — But Not All Radiation Is Bad 359 Chapter 19: Seeing Good Biophysics in the Medical Field 375 Part VI: The Part of Tens 385 Chapter 20: Ten (or So) Tips to Help You Master Your Biophysics Course 387 Chapter 21: Ten Careers for People Studying Biophysics 391 Index 395

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis encyclopedia uniquely concentrates on biocolloids and biointerfaces rather than the broader field of colloid and interface science.Table of ContentsList of Contributors xxi Preface xxvii 1 Studies On Biocompatible Surface-Active Silica Aerogel and Polyurethane−Siloxane Cross-Linked Structures for Various Surfaces 1K. Seeni Meera, R. Murali Sankar, S. N. Jaisankar, and Asit Baran Mandal 2 Interaction of Anesthetics with Globular Proteins 17Makoto Nishimoto, Michio Yamanaka, and Hitoshi Matsuki 3 Lipid Monolayer and Interaction with Anesthetics 36Yasushi Yamamoto and Keijiro Taga 4 Atomic Force Microscopy for Measuring Interaction Forces in Biological Materials and Cells 59Naoyuki Ishida, Yasuyuki Kusaka, Tomonori Fukasawa, and Hiroyuki Shinto 5 Bacterial Interactions 68Masanori Toyofuku, Yosuke Tashiro, Tomohiro Inaba, and Nobuhiko Nomura 6 2D and 3D Biocompatible Polymers for Biomedical Devices 82Masaru Tanaka 7 Biofilm 94Hisao Morisaki 8 Use of Microorganisms for Complex ORE Beneficiation: Bioflotation as an Example 108Akira Otsuki 9 Biofouling 118Kazuho Nakamura 10 Bioinspired Microemulsions and Their Strategic Pharmacological Perspectives 122Soumik Bardhan, Kaushik Kundu, Gulmi Chakraborty, Bidyut K. Paul, Satya P. Moulik, and Swapan K. Saha 11 Development of Nonfouling Biomaterials 145Ruey-Yug Tsay and Toyoko Imae 12 Surface Characterization of Silver and Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Incorporated into Collagen-based Scaffolds as Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives 161Abhishek Mandal, N. Chandrasekaran, Amitava Mukherjee, and Thothapalli P. Sastry 13 Biomimetic Polymer Aggregates: Self-Assembly Induced by Chemical Reactions 181Eri Yoshida 14 Molecular Interaction in Biomimetics and Biosystems: Chirality and Confinement at Nanodimension 195Nilashis Nandi and Saheb Dutta 15 Softinterface on Biosensing 211Yukichi Horiguchi and Yukio Nagasaki 16 Bioseparation Using Thermoresponsive Polymers 220Kenichi Nagase and Teruo Okano 17 Biosurfactants 231Etsuo Kokufuta 18 Structure and Regulation of the Blood–Brain Barrier 244Yung-Chih Kuo, Chin-Lung Lee, and Jyh-Ping Hsu 19 Boron Tracedrugs as Theranostic Agents for Neutron Dynamic Therapy 255Hitoshi Hori and Hiroshi Terada 20 Carbohydrates as Biocolloids in Nanoscience 260Zaheer Khan, Shokit Hussain, Ommer Bashir, and Shaeel Ahmed Al-Thabaiti 21 High-Strength Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogels for Artificial Cartilage 269Atsushi Suzuki and Teruo Murakami 22 Superior Tribological Behaviors of Articular Cartilage and Artificial Hydrogel Cartilage 278Teruo Murakami and Atsushi Suzuki 23 Self-Assembled Cell-Mimicking Vesicles Composed of Amphiphilic Molecules: Structure and Applications 292Swati De and Ranju Prasad Mandal 24 Integrin-Dependent Cell Regulation and its Clinical Application 313Takuya Iyoda, Takuya Matsunaga, and Fumio Fukai 25 Depth Profile of Kr+-Irradiated Chitosan 325Kazunaka Endo 26 Electronic Structure of Chitosan 331Kazunaka Endo 27 Aligned Fibrillar Collagen Matrices 340Ralf Zimmermann, Jens Friedrichs, Babette Lanfer, Uwe Freudenberg, and Carsten Werner 28 Colloidal Crystallization 355Tsuneo Okubo 29 Dielectric Properties of Biological Macromolecules and Biomolecule–Water Interfaces 380Brandon Campbell, Lin Li, and Emil Alexov 30 NMR of Drug Delivery Coupled with Lipid Membrane Dynamics 391Emiko Okamura 31 Stimulus-Responsive Intelligent Drug Delivery System Based on Hydroxyapatite-Related Materials 403Makoto Otsuka 32 Drying Structure 412Tsuneo Okubo 33 Electrophoretic Mobility of Colloidal Particles 430Hiroyuki Ohshima 34 Electrostatic Interaction Between Colloidal Particles 439Hiroyuki Ohshima 35 Physicochemical Properties and Clinical Applications Of Surfactant-Free Emulsions Prepared with Electrolytic Reduction IonWater (ERI) 451Ken-ichi Shimokawa and Fumiyoshi Ishii 36 Steady-State Coupling in Enzyme Membrane 459Kazuo Nomura 37 Evaluation of Zeta-Potential of Individual Exosomes Secreted from Biological Cells Using a Microcapillary Electrophoresis Chip 469Takanori Akagi and Takanori Ichiki 38 Flocculation Dynamics on the Basis of Collision-Limited Analysis 474Yasuhisa Adachi 39 Anisotropic Gel Formation Induced by Dialysis 487Toshiaki Dobashi and Takao Yamamoto 40 Gels 498Etsuo Kokufuta 41 Gel Crystals 514Tsuneo Okubo 42 Oleic Acid-Based Surfactants as Cost-Effective Gemini Surfactants 529Kenichi Sakai and Masahiko Abe 43 Synthesis and Properties of Heterocyclic Cationic Gemini Surfactants 539Avinash Bhadani, Sukhprit Singh, Hideki Sakai, and Masahiko Abe 44 Functional Hydrogel Microspheres 554Daisuke Suzuki, Takuma Kureha, and Koji Horigome 45 Hydrophilic–Lipophilic Balance (HLB): Classical Indexation and Novel Indexation of Surfactant 570Yuji Yamashita and Kazutami Sakamoto Index 000 List of Contributors xix Preface xxv 46 Insulin Fibrillation and Role of Peptides and Small Molecules in its Inhibition Process 575Victor Banerjee and K.P. Das 47 Interfacial Water Between Charge-Neutralized Polymer and Liquid Water 592Hiromi Kitano and Makoto Gemmei-Ide 48 Langmuir Monolayer Interaction of Perfluorooctylated Long-Chain Alcohols With Biomembrane Constituents 597Hiromichi Nakahara and Osamu Shibata 49 Affinity Latex 609Haruma Kawaguchi 50 Latex Diagnosis 614Haruma Kawaguchi 51 Light Scattering and Electrophoretic Light Scattering of Biopolymers 619Etsuo Kokufuta 52 Impact of Line Tension on Colloidal Systems 628Hiroki Matsubara, Takanori Takiue, and Makoto Aratono 53 Liquid Structures and Properties of Lipids 642Makio Iwahashi 54 Birefringence in Lipid Bilayer Membranes 661Kiyoshi Mishima 55 Surface States of Lipid Monolayers Containing Gangliosides 674Shoko Yokoyama 56 Liponanocapsule: A Nanocapsule Built From a Liposomal Template 684Yuuka Fukui and Keiji Fujimoto 57 Physical Phenomena of Magnetic Suspensions for Application to Bioengineering 690Akira Satoh 58 Ion-Sensing Membrane Electrodes in Study of Surfactant–Biopolymer Interaction 704Sudeshna M. Chatterjea, Koustubh Panda, and Satya P. Moulik 59 Membrane Potential as a Function of Dielectric Constant 721Akihiko Tanioka and Hidetoshi Matsumoto 60 Biophysical Studies of a Micellar Protein α-Crystallin by Fluorescence Methods 737Aritra Chowdhury, Rajat Banerjee, and K.P. Das 61 Modeling Muscle Contraction Mechanism in Accordance with Sliding-Filament Theory 753Toshio Mitsui and Hiroyuki Ohshima 62 Nanocarriers of Functional Materials From Amino Acid Surfactants 771Geetha Baskar, S. Angayarkanny, and Asit Baran Mandal 63 Syntheses of Metallic Nanocolloids and the Quenching Abilities of Reactive Oxygen Species 784Yukihide Shiraishi and Naoki Toshima 64 Silver and Gold Nanocomposites: Amino Acid Sidechain Effect on Morphology 790Zoya Zaheer and Rafiuddin 65 Nanogel, an Internally Networked Poly(Amino Acid) Nanoparticle for pH-Responsive Delivery 799Jong-Duk Kim and Chan Woo Park 66 Strategies of Metal Nanoparticles for Nanobiology 812Daisuke Matsukuma and Hidenori Otsuka 67 On-Chip Electrophoresis for Evaluating Zeta-Potential of Nanoliposomes 821Takanori Akagi and Takanori Ichiki 68 Phase Separation in Phospholipid Bilayers Induced by Cholesterol 825Nobutake Tamai, Masaki Goto, and Hitoshi Matsuki 69 Phase Separation Phenomena in Drug Systems 841Andleeb Z. Naqvi and Kabir-ud-Din 70 Bilayer Imaging of Phosphatidylcholines by High-Pressure Fluorometry 860Masaki Goto, Nobutake Tamai, and Hitoshi Matsuki 71 Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Mechanisms Involved in Plant Response to Salt Stress 870Xiaoli Tang, Xingmin Mu, Hongbo Shao, Hongyan Wang, and Marian Brestic 72 Interfacial Phenomena of Pulmonary Surfactant Preparations 885Hiromichi Nakahara, Sannamu Lee, and Osamu Shibata 73 Using Thin Liquid Film for Study of Pulmonary Surfactants 905Dotchi Exerowa, Roumen Todorov, and Dimo Platikanov 74 Probing Receptor–Ligand Interactions on a Single Molecule Level Using Optical Tweezers 915Tim Stangner, Carolin Wagner, Christof Gutsche, Konstanze Stangner, David Singer, Stefano Angioletti-Uberti, and Friedrich Kremer 75 AC Electrokinetics of Concentrated Suspensions of Soft and Hairy Nanoparticles: Model and Experiments 933Silvia Ahualli, Angel V. Delgado, Félix Carrique, and María Luisa Jimenez 76 Electrophoretic Behavior of pH-Regulated Soft Biocolloids 946Li-Hsien Yeh and Jyh-Ping Hsu 77 Electrophoretic Mobility of Soft Particles 961Kimiko Makino and Hiroyuki Ohshima 78 Potential Distribution Around a Hard Particle and a Soft Particle 970Hiroyuki Ohshima 79 Soil Interfacial Electrical Phenomena 979Munehide Ishiguro 80 Pharmaceutical Solid–Water Interface Phenomena Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy 994Yusuke Hattori and Makoto Otsuka 81 Colloid Stability of Biocolloidal Dispersions 1004Tharwat Tadros 82 Stability Ratio and Early-Stage Aggregation Kinetics of Colloidal Dispersions 1014Hiroyuki Ohshima 83 Catanionic Surfactants: Novel Surrogates of Phospholipids 1120Kausik Manna and Amiya Kumar Panda 84 Phase Behavior of Natural-Sourced Surfactant Systems 1144Kenji Aramaki 85 Surfactants and Biosurfactants 1151Youichi Takata 86 Effect of Additives on Self-Association and Clouding Phenomena of Various Surface-Active Drugs 1156Md. Sayem Alam and Asit Baran Mandal 87 Thermodynamic Analysis of Partial Molar Volume in Biocolloidal Systems 1171Michio Yamanaka, Hideyuki Maekawa, Tamaki Yasui, and Hitoshi Matsuki 88 Van Der Waals Interaction Between Colloidal Particles 1187Hiroyuki Ohshima 89 Wormlike Micelles with Nonionic Surfactants 1195Rekha Goswami Shrestha, Kenji Aramaki, Hideki Sakai, and Masahiko Abe Index

Read more less