Biochemistry Books

Book SynopsisThe whole range of biocatalysis, from a firm grounding in theoretical concepts to in-depth coverage of practical applications and future perspectives. The book not only covers reactions, products and processes with and from biological catalysts, but also the process of designing and improving such biocatalysts. One unique feature is that the fields of chemistry, biology and bioengineering receive equal attention, thus addressing practitioners and students from all three areas.Trade Review"...the book is excellent and could be read cover to cover or used for reference and I strongly recommend it to anyone interested in the field of biocatalysis whether they be graduate students just entering the field or more experienced practitioners." Organic Process Research & Development "This guidebook is warmly recommended to scientists in academia, industry and authorities engaged in biocatalysis because one unique feature of primary importance is that the interdisciplinary fields of chemistry, biology and bioengineering receive equal attention, thus, addressing both practioners and students from all three areas." AFS "The book nicely brings together the essentials of biocatalysis including reactions, the products and processes that utilize the methodology, and techniques for improving biocatalysts." Catalyst "I strongly recommend it to advanced students, experienced chemists, biologists, and engineers interested in or actively working in biocatalysis, as it is a rich source of information and offers an excellent opportunity to get an insight into neighbouring areas of expertise." Angewandte Chemie I.E. "The content of the book is excellent...the book is excellent and could be read cover to cover or used for reference and I strongly recommend it to anyone interested in the field of biocatalysis..." Organic Process Research & Development "With their book "Biocatalysis" Bommarius and Riebel successfully bridge the gap between textbooks and original research papers. The book is recommended for advanced students, experienced chemists and engineers interested in the area of industrial biocatalysis." CHEMBIOCHEM "...a timely and detailed summary of the important recent developments in the rapidly moving fields pertinent to harnessing the efficiency and specificity of biological catalysts. It will definitely assist research scientists' efforts to improve their own chemical transformations." Synthesis "Biocatalysis" ist ein interessantes und hervorragendes Lehrbuch zum Thema Biokatalyse...sehr interessantes Lesevergnügen...absolut lesenswert...Grundlagen zur Zellbiologie aber auch zum Thema Bioinformatik, Enzymkinetik und vielen weiteren Gebieten runden das gelungene Gesamtbild ab. Das Buch ist wahrlich eine Hilfe für Ingenieure, welche sich auf Biokatalyse spezialisieren wollen und im Umfeld zwischen Biologie, Biochemie und Chemie bestehen wollen." www.organische-chemie.ch "Ein durchaus empfehlenswertes Buch, das besonders diejenigen anspricht, die bereits vertiefte Kenntnisse in der molekularen Biologie, der (bio-)chemischen Synthese und Analytik besitzen und der englischen Fachsprache mächtig sind." Mitteil. der FG Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie der GDCh "Mit "Biocatalysis" liegt ein Werk vor, in dem die Autoren sorgsam die Balance halten, zwischen Lehrbuchwissen und aktuellen Forschungsergebnissen. Dadurch findet der Leser zeitökonomisch den Einstieg und vielmehr den Zugang auch in die aktuellsten Themen der Biokatalyse ohne sich durch den aktuellen Publikationsdschungel arbeiten zu müssen..." Chemie-Online "Biocatalysis" gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über das Wissen in diesem Gebiet, von den Grundlagen bis hin zu Anwendungen und einem Ausblick in die Zukunft." Bioworld "Den Autoren ist mit der Vorlage dieses Buches gelungen, ein typisches interdisziplinäres Wissenschaftsthema unter Berücksichtigung von allen Aspekten - Forschung, Entwicklung, Verfahrenstechnik, Produktion sowie prozeßbegleitende Technologien - in hervorragender Weise vorzustellen. Entscheidend für die Qualität und die Wichtung der adressierten Themen ist dabei, dass in hohem Maße die Erfahrungen aus der industriellen Verfahrensentwicklung einfließen." Arzneimittel-Forschung/Drug Research "Bommarius und Riebel präsentieren mit Biocatalysis nun ein Werk, das alle wichtigen Aspekte der Biokatalyse abdeckt. Die größte Herausforderung bestand sicher darin, aus dem umfangreichen Datenbestand die wesentlichen Fakten herauszufiltern - mit ausgezeichnetem Ergebnis. ... Positiv fällt weiterhin auf, dass jedem Kapitel eine Zusammenfassung vorangestellt ist und viele aktuelle Beispiele biokatalytischer Verfahren mit dazugehörigen Hintergrundinformationen vorgestellt werden. ... Ich kann dieses Buch fortgeschrittenen Studenten sowie erfahrenen Chemikern, Biologen und Ingenieuren, die an Biokatalyse interessiert sind oder biokatalytische Methoden verwenden, sehr empfehlen." Angewandte Chemie und Angewandte Chemie I.E. "Mit dem Buch 'Biocatalysis - Fundamentals and Applications' schließen die Autoren die Kluft zwischen Forschungsergebnissen in der Biokatalyse und deren industrieller Anwendung sowie den dahinter stehenden Grundlagen aus Biochemie, organischer Synthese, Molekularbiologie, Kinetik und Reaktionstechnik. Durch ihre Erfahrung aus der Industrie ... eignen sich die Autoren für dieses Ziel bestens. ... Das Buch bietet eine gelungene Übersicht über den aktuellen Stand der Enzymtechnologie und wendet sich dabei hauptsächlich an fortgeschrittene Studenten und den forschenden Biokatalytiker. ... ist dieses Buch sicherlich eine Bereicherung für den 'biokatalytischen' Buchmarkt." Nachrichten aus der ChemieTable of ContentsIntroduction to Biocatalysis Characterization of a (Bio-)catalyst Isolation and Preparation of Microorganisms Molecular Biology Tools for Biocatalysis Enzyme Reaction Engineering Applications of Enzymes as Bulk Actives: Detergents, Textiles, Pulp and Paper, Animal Feed Applications of Enzymes as Catalysts: Basic Chemicals, Fine Chemicals, Food, Crop Protection, Bulk Pharmaceuticals Biotechnological Processing Steps for Enzyme Manufacture Methods for the Investigation of Proteins Protein Engineering Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology: Directed Evolution Biocatalysis in Non-conventional Media Pharmaceutical Applications of Biocatalysis Bioinformatics Systems Biology for Biocatalysis Evolution of Biocatalytic Function Stability of Proteins Artificial Enzymes Design of Biocatalytic Processes Comparison of Biological and Chemical Catalysts for Novel Processes

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Book SynopsisWritten by the pioneers of Viagra, the first blockbuster PDE inhibitor drug. Beginning with a review of the first wave of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, this book focuses on new and emerging PDE targets and their inhibitors. Drug development options for all major human PDE families are discussed and cover diverse therapeutic fields, such as neurological/psychiatric, cardiovascular/metabolic, pain, and allergy/respiratory diseases. Finally, emerging chemotherapeutic applications of PDE inhibitors against malaria and other tropical diseases are discussed.Table of ContentsList of Contributors XI Preface XV A Personal Foreword XVII 1 Introduction 1Andrew S. Bell and Spiros Liras 2 Toward a New Generation of PDE5 Inhibitors through Advances in Medicinal Chemistry 9Dafydd R. Owen 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 The First-Generation Agents 10 2.3 PDE5 as a Mechanism and Alternative Indications Beyond MED 11 2.4 A Summary of PDE5 Chemotypes Reported Post-2010 11 2.5 Second-Generation PDE5 Inhibitors from Pfizer: Pyrazolopyrimidines 12 2.6 Second-Generation PDE5 Inhibitors from Pfizer: Pyridopyrazinones 18 2.7 Conclusions 25 References 25 3 PDE4: New Structural Insights into the Regulatory Mechanism and Implications for the Design of Selective Inhibitors 29Jayvardhan Pandit 3.1 Introduction 29 3.2 Isoforms, Domain Organization, and Splice Variants 30 3.3 Structural Features of the Catalytic Site 31 3.4 Regulation of PDE4 Activity 32 3.5 Crystal Structure of Regulatory Domains of PDE4 33 3.6 UCR2 Interaction and Selectivity 38 3.7 Conclusions 39 References 40 4 PDE4: Recent Medicinal Chemistry Strategies to Mitigate Adverse Effects 45Etzer Darout, Elnaz Menhaji-Klotz, and Thomas A. Chappie 4.1 Introduction 45 4.2 Brief Summary of pan-PDE4 Inhibitors 46 4.2.1 Rolipram 47 4.2.2 Roflumilast 48 4.2.3 Cilomilast 48 4.2.4 Apremilast 49 4.3 PDE4 Strategies to Avoid Gastrointestinal Events 49 4.3.1 Allosteric Modulation 49 4.3.2 PDE4D Selectivity 53 4.3.3 Pfizer 53 4.3.4 Novartis 54 4.3.5 Merck-Frosst 54 4.3.6 GEBR-7b 55 4.3.7 PDE4B Selectivity 55 4.3.8 Asahi Kasei 56 4.3.9 GlaxoSmithKline 56 4.3.10 Pfizer 57 4.3.11 Tissue Targeting 57 4.3.12 Polypharmacology 58 4.3.13 Olanzapine Derivatives 58 4.4 Conclusions 59 References 60 5 The Function, Enzyme Kinetics, Structural Biology, and Medicinal Chemistry of PDE10A 65Thomas A. Chappie and Patrick Verhoest 5.1 Enzymology and Protein Structure 66 5.2 Papaverine-Related PDE10A Inhibitors 69 5.3 MP-10/PF-2545920 Class of Inhibitors 72 5.4 PF-2545920/MP-Inspired Inhibitors 74 5.5 PF-2545920/Papaverine/Quinazoline Hybrid Series of Inhibitors 75 5.6 PET Ligand Development 77 5.7 Summary and Future 79 References 79 6 The State of the Art in Selective PDE2A Inhibitor Design 83Christopher W. am Ende, Bethany L. Kormos, and John M. Humphrey 6.1 Introduction 83 6.2 Selective PDE2A Inhibitors 84 6.2.1 Bayer 84 6.2.2 Altana AG 85 6.2.3 Biotie Therapies 87 6.2.4 Boehringer Ingelheim 88 6.2.5 Janssen 89 6.2.6 Lundbeck 92 6.2.7 Merck 93 6.2.8 Neuro3d 95 6.2.9 Pfizer 95 6.3 Methods 100 6.4 Conclusions 100 References 101 7 Crystal Structures of Phosphodiesterase 9A and Insight into Inhibitor Discovery 105Hengming Ke, Yousheng Wang, Yiqian Wan, and Hai-Bin Luo 7.1 Introduction 105 7.2 Subtle Asymmetry of the PDE9 Dimer in the Crystals 105 7.3 The Structure of the PDE9 Catalytic Domain 107 7.4 Interaction of Inhibitors with PDE9 108 7.5 Implication on Inhibitor Selectivity 110 References 114 8 PDEs as CNS Targets: PDE9 Inhibitors for Cognitive Deficit Diseases 117Michelle M. Claffey, Christopher J. Helal, and Xinjun Hou 8.1 PDE9A Enzymology and Pharmacology 117 8.2 Crystal Structures of PDE9A Inhibitors 119 8.3 Medicinal Chemistry Efforts toward Identifying PDE9A Inhibitors for Treating Cognitive Disorders 120 8.3.1 Bayer 120 8.3.2 Pfizer 125 8.3.3 Boehringer Ingelheim 129 8.3.4 Sun Yat-Sen University, China 132 8.3.5 Envivo Pharmaceuticals 133 8.4 Analysis of CNS Desirability of PDE9A Inhibitors 135 8.5 Conclusions 135 References 137 9 Phosphodiesterase 8B 141Stephen W. Wright 9.1 Introduction 141 9.2 Identification 141 9.3 Properties 142 9.4 Expression and Tissue Distribution 143 9.5 Functions of PDE8B 143 9.5.1 Thyroid 144 9.5.2 Adrenal Gland 144 9.5.3 Pancreatic Islets 144 9.6 Inhibitors and Potential Therapeutic Uses 145 References 150 10 Selective New Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase 1 155John M. Humphrey 10.1 Introduction 155 10.2 PDE1 Enzymology 155 10.3 PDE1 Inhibitors 156 10.3.1 Non-Selective PDE1 Inhibitors 156 10.3.2 Selective PDE1 inhibitors 158 10.4 Conclusion 161 References 163 11 Recent Advances in the Development of PDE7 Inhibitors 165Nigel A. Swain and Rainer Gewald 11.1 Introduction 165 11.1.1 PDE7: Subtypes and Distribution 165 11.1.2 Rationale for PDE7 as a Therapeutic Target 166 11.2 Historical Development of PDE7 Inhibitors 166 11.2.1 Early Examples of Nonselective and Selective Lead Matter 166 11.2.2 Developing Selective Lead Matter from Nonselective Hits 167 11.2.3 Targeting PDE4/7 Dual Inhibitors 168 11.3 Recent Advances in the Discovery of PDE7 Inhibitors for Peripheral Therapeutic Benefit 169 11.3.1 PDE7 Inhibitors for the Treatment of T Cell-Related Disorders 169 11.3.1.1 Developments in PDE7 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Airway-Related Disorders 170 11.3.1.2 Developments in PDE7 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Nonairway-Related Disorders 171 11.3.1.3 Summary of T-Cell-Related Research 171 11.3.2 PDE7 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain 172 11.4 Recent Advances in the Discovery of PDE7 Inhibitors for CNS-Related Disorders 173 11.4.1 Creating PDE7 Inhibitors by Ligand-Based Virtual Screening Methods 173 11.4.2 Repositioning PDE7 Inhibitors Designed for the Treatment of Peripheral Diseases 176 11.5 Recent Advances in the Discovery of Dual PDE7 Inhibitors 178 11.5.1 Dual PDE4/7 Inhibitors 178 11.5.2 Dual PDE7/8 Inhibitors 180 11.6 Identifying Next-Generation PDE7 Inhibitors 181 11.6.1 Emerging Chemotypes as Novel PDE7 Inhibitors 181 11.6.2 Novel Methods to Identify PDE7 Inhibitors 182 11.6.2.1 Computational Methods to Identify New PDE7 Inhibitors 182 11.6.2.2 Fission Yeast-Based HTS to Identify New PDE7 Inhibitors 183 11.7 Summary 184 References 185 12 Inhibitors of Protozoan Phosphodiesterases as Potential Therapeutic Approaches for Tropical Diseases 191Jennifer L. Woodring and Michael P. Pollastri 12.1 Introduction 191 12.2 Malaria 192 12.2.1 PfPDE Inhibition Studies 193 12.3 Chagas Disease 195 12.4 Leishmaniasis 197 12.5 Human African Trypanosomiasis 200 12.6 Conclusion 205 References 206 Index 211

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Book SynopsisHere the renowned editor Evgeny Katz has chosen contributions that cover a wide range of examples and issues in implantable bioelectronics, resulting in an excellent overview of the topic. The various implants covered include biosensoric and prosthetic devices, as well as neural and brain implants, while ethical issues, suitable materials, biocompatibility, and energy-harvesting devices are also discussed. A must-have for both newcomers and established researchers in this interdisciplinary field that connects scientists from chemistry, material science, biology, medicine, and electrical engineering.Table of ContentsImplantable Bioelectronics - Editorial Introduction Magnetically-Functionalised Cells: Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Applications Untethered Insect Interfaces Miniaturized Biomedical Implantable Devices Cross-Hierarchy Design Exploration for Implantable Electronics Neural Interfaces: From Human Nerves to Electronics Cyborgs - The Neuro-Tech Version Interacting with Implanted Devices Through Implanted User Interfaces Ultra-Low Power and Robust On-Chip Digital Signal Processing for Closed-Loop Neuro-Prosthesis Implantable CMOS Imaging Devices Implanted Wireless Biotelemetry Nano-Enabled Implantable Device for In-Vivo Glucose Monitoring Improving the Biocompatibility of Implantable Bioelectronics Devices Abiotic (Non-Enzymatic) Implantable Biofuel Cells Direct Electron Transfer Based Enzymatic Fuel Cells In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo Enzymatic Fuel Cells: From Design to Implantation in Mammals Implanted Biofuel Cells Operating In Vivo Biomedical Implantable Systems----History, Design and Trends Brain Computer Interfaces: Ethical and Policy Considerations Conclusions and Perspectives

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Book SynopsisStehen Sie auf Kriegsfuß mit der Biochemie? Diese ganzen Formeln und Reaktionen sind überhaupt nicht Ihr Ding? Die nächste Prüfung steht vor der Tür? Kein Problem! "Biochemie kompakt für Dummies" erklärt Ihnen das Wichtigste, was Sie über Biochemie wissen müssen. Sie werden so einfach wie möglich und so komplex wie nötig in die Welt der Kohlenhydrate, Lipide, Proteine, Nukleinsäuren, Vitamine, Hormone und Co. eingeführt. So leicht und kompakt kann Biochemie sein.Table of ContentsEinleitung 19 Teil I: Vorhang auf: die Grundlagen der Biochemie 23 Kapitel 1: Chemie: Was Sie darüber wissen sollten 25 Kapitel 2: Einfach eintauchen: die Chemie des Wassers 39 Kapitel 3: Kohlenstoff und die organische Chemie 53 Kapitel 4: Ein wenig Biologie: die Zelltypen 65 Teil II: Das Fleisch der Biochemie: Proteine 71 Kapitel 5: Aminosäuren: die Bausteine der Proteine 73 Kapitel 6: Struktur und Funktion von Proteinen 85 Kapitel 7: Enzymkinetik: mit Hilfe schneller ans Ziel 97 Teil III: Kohlenhydrate, Lipide, Nukleinsäuren und mehr 115 Kapitel 8: Wir wecken Gelüste: Kohlenhydrate 117 Kapitel 9: Lipide und Membranen 131 Kapitel 10: Nukleinsäuren und der Code des Lebens 147 Kapitel 11: Vitamine und Nährstoffe 159 Kapitel 12: Die stillen Akteure: Hormone 173 Teil IV: Bioenergetik und Reaktionswege 183 Kapitel 13: Leben und Energie 185 Kapitel 14: Vom Katabolismus zum Anabolismus 191 Kapitel 15: Ein »anrüchiges« Thema: Stickstoff in biologischen Systemen 221 Teil V: Genetik: Warum wir sind, was wir sind 229 Kapitel 16: DNA kopieren 231 Kapitel 17: Schön abschreiben bitte! RNA- Transkription 253 Kapitel 18: Korrekt übersetzen – die Translation 267 Teil VI: Der Top- Ten- Teil 279 Kapitel 19: Zehn beeindruckende Einsatzgebiete der Biochemie (plus eins) 281 Abbildungsverzeichnis 287 Stichwortverzeichnis 293

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