Agriculture and farming Books

Book SynopsisIn response to increasing concerns about the degradation of natural resources and the sustainability of agriculture, many research programmes have been established in natural resource management (NRM). However, although methods for evaluating the impacts of crop improvement technologies are well developed, there is a dearth of methods for evaluating the impacts of NRM interventions. This is partly due to the complexity of interactions among natural resources, spatial and temporal dimensions of impact, and the valuation of direct and indirect environmental costs and benefits. This book discusses the unique features and methodological difficulties of NRM impact assessment. It examines the strengths and weaknesses of various impact assessment approaches, including econometric, bio-economic, and more direct methods. It also assesses and identifies data requirements for developing impact indicators and recommends suitable methodologies for assessing the impacts of NRM technologies on issuesTable of ContentsPart I: Introduction 1: Assessing the Impacts of Natural Resource Management Interventions in Agriculture: Concepts, Issues and Challenges, H A Freeman, B Shiferaw, and S M Swinton Part II: Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Biophysical Indicators of NRM Impacts 2: Valuation Methods and Approaches for Assessing Natural Resource Management Impacts, B Shiferaw, H A Freeman, and S Navrud, Agricultural University of Norway, Norway 3: Measurable Biophysical Indicators for Impact Assessment: Changes in Soil Quality, P Pathak, K L Sahrawat, T J Rego and S P Wani, ICRISAT, India 4: Measurable Biophysical Indicators for Impact Assessment: Changes in Water Availability and Quality, K L Sahrawat, K V Padmaja, P Pathak and S P Wani, ICRISAT, India 5: Biophysical Indicators of Agro-ecosystem Services and Methods for Monitoring the Impacts of NRM Technologies at Different Scales, S P Wani, P Singh, ICRISAT, India, R S Dwivedi, R R Navalgund Part III: Methodological Advances for a Comprehensive Impact Assessment 6: Econometric Methods for Measuring Natural Resource Management Impacts: Theoretical Issues and Illustrations from Uganda, J Pender, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), USA 7: Assessing Economic Impacts of Natural Resource Management Using Economic Surplus, S M Swinton 8: Bioeconomic Modelling for Natural Resource Management Impact Assessment, S T Holden, Agricultural University of Norway Part IV: NRM Impact Assessment in Practice 9: Valuing Soil Fertility Change: Selected Methods and Case Studies, P Drechsel, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Ghana, M Giordano, IWMI, Sri Lanka, and T Enters, FAO, Thailand 10: Evaluating the Impacts of Watershed Management Projects: A Practical Econometric Approach, J Kerr and K Chung, Michigan State University, USA 11: Assessing Economic and Environmental Impacts of NRM Technologies: An Empirical Application Using Economic Surplus Approach, M C S Bantilan and K V Anupama, ICRISAT, India, and P K Joshi, IFPRI, India 12: Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts of Conservation Technologies: A Farm-level Bioeconomic Modelling Approach, B Shiferaw and S T Holden 13: Assessing the Impacts of Natural Resource Management Policy Interventions with a Village General Equilibrium Model, S T Holden, and H Lofgren, IFPRI,USA Part V: Towards Improved Approaches for NRM Impact Assessment 14: The Concept of Integrated Natural Resource Management (INRM) and its Implications for Developing Evaluation Methods, B Douthwaite, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Colombia 15: NRM Impact Assessment in the CGIAR: Meeting the Challenge and Implications for CGIAR Centres, T G Kelley, FAO, Italy, and H M Gregersen, CGIAR, California, USA 16: Towards Comprehensive Approaches in Assessing NRM Impacts: What We Know and What We Need to Know, S M Swinton, B Shiferaw and H A Freeman

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Book SynopsisThis book is the product of a six-year multi-disciplinary collaborative research program in sustainable agriculture and natural resource management. It describes the transition of the conflict-ridden agricultural and pastoral systems of arid and semi-arid regions of West Africa to more intensified agricultural and animal husbandry systems. The research investigates technological options and decision tools and explores a replicable methodology for building social capital within a rural community in the Inland Delta of the Niger River. The chapters recount the efforts of researchers and development agents to identify new approaches for sustainable development and the experiences of the local population seeking a pathway from poverty and food insecurity to a healthy economy and environment.Table of ContentsPart I: Background 1: Conflict and Agropastoral Development in the Sahel, K M Moore and M Bertelsen, Virginia Tech, USA, S Cissé and A Kodio, Institut d'Economie Rurale, Mali 2: The Lifescape - Production Systems and Social Institutions, S Cissé, K M Moore, and C Brewster, Virginia Tech, USA 3: Landscape and Soil Characteristics of Madiama Commune, O Badini, Washington State University, USA, and L Dioni, Institut d'Economie Rurale, Mali 4: Investigation into the Movements of Cattle, Sheep and Goat Herds Through the Commune of Madiama, A Ballo and A Karim Ouattara, Institut d'Economie Rurale, Mali 5: Land Use Changes in Madiama Commune, R H Wynne, Virginia Tech, USA, M S M Touré, Institut d'Economie Rurale, Mali, N Sengupta, Virginia Tech, USA, and A BalloPart II: Interventions 6: Participatory Landscape Lifescape Appraisal, J Earl, Preventing Harm Minnesota, USA, and A Kodio 7: Building Social Infrastructure for Sustainable Development, K M Moore, S Cissé, and A Touré, Local Governance Advisor, CARE/Tombouctou, Mali 8: Conflict Management Training, J Goebel, Goebel & Associates, USA, C Ampagoomian, Tulane University, USA, and A Touré 9: Holistic Management Applied to SANREM Research and Development in Madiama, S Bingham, Allan Savory Center for Holistic Management, USAPart III: Findings 10: Farmers' Knowledge and Perceptions of Soil Fertility, T A Crane, University of Georgia, USA, and B Traoré, Institut d'Economie Rurale, Mali 11: Biophysical Assessment of Alternative Soil Fertility Technologies Through Modeling, O Badini, B Traoré, and M S M Touré 12: An Economic Evaluation of Alternative Soil Management Technologies, P Wyeth, Washington State University, USA, B Traoré, O Badini, M S M Touré, and C Brewster 13: Economic Linkages Among Occupational Groups in the Commune of Madiama, C Brewster, D Kaboré, Institut de l'environnement et des recherches agricoles, Burkino Faso, M Bertelsen, and P Wyeth 14: Dry Season Feed Supplements: The Potential Role of Cassia tora, M El Hadj and O Abaye, Virginia Tech, USA, A Kodio, and M Keïta, Institut d'Economie Rurale, Mali 15: Controlled Grazing: Botanical Response and Animal Performance, O Abaye, M El Hadj, A Kodio, and M Keïta 16: Social Capital and Improved NRM, K M Moore and S Cissé 17: What We Have Learned, K M Moore, C Brewster, and M Bertelsen

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Book SynopsisThe fundamentals of making up nets from machine--made netting are set out with such clarity and simplicity that the book has proved a boon to fishermen around the world.Table of ContentsMesh size;. Net making machines;. Loom planning;. Shaping netting;. Hanging netting;. Seine net patterns;. Trawls;. Pound nets;. Surround nets;. Appendix;. Dictionary of fishing gear and terminology.

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive volume contains some sixty papers and reviews presented at the First International Symposium on Abalone Biology, Fisheries and Culture held in La Paz, Mexico. Introductory reviews in the book focus on the evolutionary origin, radiation and modern relationships of the genus Haliotis.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Keynote address. PART I: EVOLUTION, DISTRIBUTION AND GENETICS. 1. Evolution, distribution and systematics of Haliotidae (David R. Lindberg). 2. Genetic relationships within the genus Haliotis (L.D. Brown and N.D. Murrray). 3. Population genetics, gene flow, and stock structure in Haliotis rubra and Haliotis laevigata (L.D. Brown and N.D. Murray). 4. Water movement and the ecology and evolution of the Haliotidae (Brian N,. Tissot). PART II: PHYSIOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION. 5. Review of endocrine regulation of reproduction in abalone Haliotis spp (Kirk O. Hahn). 6. Abalone egg vitelline layers and hybrid gamete interactions (Cynthia L. Lewis, Robin Eickhoff, Charles Stringham, Kirk Milhoan and Kevin tubgbs). 7. The effects of gas supersaturation on the behaviour, growth and mortality of red abalone, Halioits rufescens (Sawainson) (Amy Leitman). 8. Fecundity and optimal sperm density for fertilization in the ormer (Haliiotis tuberculata L.). PART III: LARVAL ECOLOGY AND SETTLEMENT. 9. Implications of dissolved organic material in seawater for the energetics of abalone larvae Haliotis rufescens: a review (Donal T. Manahan and William B. Jaeckle). 10. Molecular mechanism controlling metamorphosis and recruitment in abalone larvae (Daniel E. Morse). 11. Early life history of abalone: a review (Paul E. Mcshane). PART IV: FEEDING AND GROWTH. 12. The determinants and measurement of abalone growth (R.W. Day and A.E. Fleming). 13. Food preferences of three Australian abalone species with a review of the algal food of abalone (S.A. Shephard and P.D. Steinberg). 14. Algal feeding stimulants for abalone (Kanzo Sakata and Kazuo Ina). 15. Feeding attraction activity of fragrant and pungent spice extracts in black abalone, Haliotis discus (Katsuhiko Harada). PART V: DISEASES. 16. Investigations into a mortality among populations of the California Black abalone, Haliotis cracherodii, on the central coast of California, USA (J.R. Stenbeck, J.M. Groff, C.S. Freidman, T. Mcdowell and R.P. Hedrick). 17. Mass mortality and withering syndrome in black abalone, Haliotis cracherodii, in California (Peter L. Haaker, Daniel V. Richards, Carolyn S. Friedman, Gary E. Davis, David O. Parker and Heidi A. Togstad). 18. Aspects of the biology of the black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii) near Diablo Canyon, central California (James B. Blecha, David C. Sommerville and J ohn R,. Steinbeck). 19. Abalone population declines and fishery management in southern California (Gary E. David, Daniel V. Richards, Peter L. Haaker adn David O. Parker). PART VI: FISHERY BIOLOGY. 20. A review of models used for stock assessment in abalone fisheries (Paul A. Breen). 21. Mortality in abalone: its estimation, variability and causes (S.A. Shepherd and P.A. Breen). 22. Using a spatial model to explore the dynamics of an exploited stock of the abalone Haliotis rubra (Jeremy D. Prince). 23. An evaluation of egg-per-recruit analysis as a means of assessing size limits for blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) in Tasmania (Warwick J. Nash). PART VII: CASE STUDIE OF ABALONE FISHERIES. 24. A review of the biology of abalone and its fishery in Mexico (Sergio A. Guzman Del Proo). 25. Alternativas cientificas para la recuperacion de los recursos abuloneros de la Baja California, Mexico: administracion, biologico-pesquera y acuacultura (Scientific alternatives for the recovery of abalone resources of Baja California, Mexico) (Rodolfo Ramirez-Granados). 26. The California red abalone fishery: a case study in complexity (Mia J. Tegner, John D. Demartini and Konstantin A. Karpov). 27. Case histories for three species of California abalone, Haliotis corrugata, H. Fulgens and H. cracherodii (David O. Parker, Peter L. Haaker and Heidi A. Togstad). 28. Fisheries Management and biology of northern abalone, Haliotis Kamtschatkana, in the northeast Pacific (S. Farlinger and A. Campbell). 29. Australian abalone fisheries and their management (J.D. Prince and S.A. Shepherd). 30. The paua (abalone) fishery of New Zealand (David R. Schiel). 31. The abalone fishery of South Africa (Robert J.Q. Tarr). 32. The Sultanate of Oman abalone fishery (D.W. Johnson, Ali Al-Harassy adn Mohm'D Al-Harthy). 33. The ormer (Haliotisw tuberculata) fishery of France and the Channel Islands (Jacques Clavier). PART VIII: STOCK ENHANCEMENT : INTRODUCTIONS. 34. Brood-stock transplants as an approach to abalone stock enhancement (Mia J. Tegner). 35. The enhancement of paua (Haliotis iris Martyn) populations in New Zealand (David R. Schiel). 36. The introduction of abalone into Chile (Cecilia Godoy, Gabriel Jerez and Francisco Ponce). PART IX: CULTURE. 37. Review of genetics and stock management of the Pacific abalone (K. Fujino). 38. Review of the nutritional requirement of abalone (Haliotis spp._ and development of more efficient artificial diets (Nagahisa Uki and Takeshi Watanabe). 39. A study of polyspermy in abalone (Jose Luis Stephano). 40. Growth models and food conversion of cultured juvenile red abalone (Haliotis refescens) (Jennifer L. Greenier adn John Y. Takeawa). 41. Desarrollo y estado actual del cultivo de abulon en Mexico (Development and present status of abalone culture in Mexico) (Alfredo E. Salas Garza and Ricardo Searcy Bernal). 42. Investigaciones en Mexico sobre la etapa critica de la produccion de semilla de abulon (Haliotis spp.) (Research in Mexico on the critical stage of abalone (Haliotis spp.) seed production) (Ricardo Sarcy Bernal, Alfredo E. Salas Garza and Roberto A. Flores Aguilar). 43. Produciion de semilla de abulon en el laboratrio: el metodo de Bahia Tortugas BCS, Mexico (Abaloen seed production in the laboratory) (Jose Manuel Mazon-Suastegui, Luis Bazua-Sicre, Gustavo Lucero-Martinez and Ruben Rodriquez -Ramos. 44. Abalone aquaculture: a North America regional review (Early E. Evert). 45. The New Zealand culture system for abalone (L.J. Tong and G.A. Moss). 46. A review of abalone culture in China (Zong Qing Nie). Index.

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Book SynopsisFisheries management must be based on biological expertise but must also, ultimately, satisfy economic criteria. Fisheries management which disregards economic objectives and needs might well succeed in preserving fish stocks but will waste other resources such as investment funds and labout and fail to serve the fishing industry effectively.Table of ContentsIntroduction;. The economic theory of fisheries;. Optimal exploitation of fish stocks and free access equilibrium;. Applied fishery models;. Fluctuations in fish stocks;. Methods of fisheries management;. References.

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Book SynopsisLonglining is becoming increasingly more important as a method of fishing commercially for certain prime species of fish-- particulary in the face of declining stocks. Longlining is much more selective that any other form of fishing and is thus more environmentally acceptable.Table of ContentsPreface. The Authors. 1. Introduction. 1.1 Basic Definitions. 1.2 Longline Fishing from Historical Perspective. 2. Principles of Longline Catching Process. 2.1 Passive and Active Fishing Gears. 2.2 Feeding Behaviour and Chemical Sensing: The Basis for Fishing with Baited Gears. 2.3 How Fish Locate Baited Longlines. 2.4 The Hooking Process. 3. Gear Construction, Operation and Vessels. 3.1 The Gear: Mainline, Snoods, Materials, Hooks, Hook Spacing and Bait. 3.2 Methods of Settling Longlines. 3.3 The Longline Fishing Cycle and Modes of Operation. 3.4 Mechanised Longlinning. 3.5 Longline Vessels. 3.6 Electronic Instrumentation. 3.7 Safety Aspects of Longlinning. 3.8 Handling of the Catch. 3.9 The Longline Fisherman. 4. Main Target Species and the Relative Importance of Longlining. 4.1 Tuna in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. 4.2 Groundfish in the North Atlantic. 4.3 Groundfish in the North Eastern Pacific. 4.4 Hake in the Atlantic. 5. Gear Parameters and Catching Efficiency. 5.1 Research Methods. 5.2 Natural Bait. 5.3 Artificial Bait. 5.4 The Hook. 5.5 The Snood and Snood Attachment. 5.6 Hook Spacing. 5.7 The Mainline. 5.8 Bait Loss and Other Factors Affecting the Catching Efficiency of Longlines. 6. Selective Properties of Longline Gear. 6.1 The Importance of gear Selectivity. 6.2 Species Selection. 6.3 Size Selection. 7. Longlinning Compared with other Fishing Methods. 7.1 The Relative Catching Efficiency of Longlinning. 7.2 Responsible Fishing. 7.3 Effects on Fish Scotks and Fisheries Employment. References and Selected Literature. Glossary. Common and scientific names of some important longline target species. Index.

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Book SynopsisSalmon aquaculture is one of the most rapidly developing industries in temperate ocean waters throughout the world.Table of ContentsContributors. Acknowledgements. Preface. 1. An Overview of Salmon Aquaculture. (Robert L. Monahan). 2. The Distribution of Salmon Aquaculture. (Knut Heen, John Thorpe, Neil Ridler, Robert L. Monahan, Conrad Mahnken and Jon Lindbergh). 3. Developments in Salmon Aquaculture Technology. (Ludvig Karlsen). 4. Nutrition, Diet Formulation and Feeding Practices. (Malcolm Jobling). 5. Environmental Considerations (Jeff Wallace). 6. Genetic Effects of Aquaculture on Natural Salmonid Populations. (Fred Utter, Kjetil Hindar and Nils Ryman). 7. Salmon Disease. (Jan A. Olafsen and Ronald J. Roberts). 8. Breeding and Selection. (Bjarne Gjerde). 9. The Regulation of Salmon Aquaculture: an International Overview. (Richard Schwidt with Trond Bjorndal). 10. Comparative Analysis of the Cost Structure and Profitability in the Salmon Aquaculture Industry. (Knut Heen). 11. Salmon Sea Farm Management : Basic Economic Concepts and Applications. (Trond Bjorndal and Russell S. Uhler). 12. Marketing. (Susan A. Shaw. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe new edition of this widely successful text continues to offer a wealth of essential information and practical guidance for all involved in freshwater fisheries management in temperate regions. Whilst the whole text has been fully revised and many sections have been completely rewritten to cover the many advances and developments of the last decade, the clarity of presentation and accessibility of style, hallmarks of the previous edition, are retained. Once more, the text is primarily concerned with the British Isles. However, the principles described and examples given are widely applicable in many other countries.Table of ContentsPart 1 - The Resource;. The aquatic environment;. Water quality;. Basic fish biology;. Food and food chains;. Monitoring and controlling fish stocks;. Fish mortality;. Part 2: Management Techniques and Methods;. Management of coarse fisheries;. Management of salmonid fisheries;. Construction of stillwaters;. Maintenance of stillwaters;. Control of aquatic plants;. Habitat improvement in still and running waters;. Bankside vegetation;. Control of pests and predators;. Protection of fish stocks by regulations;. Part 3: Exploitation ;. Angling requirements;. Formation and management of angling clubs;. Commercial exploitation of coarse fish;. Crayfish farming;. Other uses of the aquatic environment;. Appendices - Administration of freshwater fisheries;. Careers;. National organisations;. Fisheries grants;. Legislation;. Genetic developments and salmonid fishery management;. Conversion factors;. Common animal and plant names wih scientific equivalents

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Book SynopsisFish is one of the most highly perishable commodities and the public requires continuous reassurance about its quality. Futhermore, consumer taste is moving to more highly perishable fish products, which require more careful attention in preparation and storage. The fourth edition of Control of Fish Quality, which is truly international in scope, provides sound and practical advice on all aspects of this subject, from harvesting to retailing. The new fourth edition is a comprehensive revision that takes full account of all new findings and ideas to emerge in the five years since publication of the last edition. Numerous detailed ammendments have been made and this edition includes some entirely new sections.Trade ReviewReview of the previous edition: 'This book provides an invaluable starting point for personnel in the fish industry concerned with fish quality and quality control. Anyone with a serious interest in these topics should have a copy of this book Food Manufacture (on the third edition). The readableness of the book is very good, not least because of the excellent figures and photographs. Because of its wide scope, this book can be recommended to all who would deepen their knowledge.' AquacultureTable of ContentsPreface. 1. Quality Terminology. 2. Intrinsic Quality. 3. Quality Deterioration an Extrinsic Quality Defects in Raw Material. 4. Quality Deterioration and efects in Products. 5. Safe to Eat?. 6. Microbiology of Products and Further Aspects of Quality. 7. Methods of Asessing and Selecting for Quality. 8. Organisation for Quality Assusrance and Official Inspection. 9. Standards. 10. Codes of Practice. Appendices 1-6. Suggested further reading and reference. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Primary purpose for producing this book on Aquaculture Sector Planning and Management is to fill the great void for fundamental information needed by planners and administrators in government charged with the responsibilities of organising and managing the relatively new and important food--producing sub--sector, now widely called aquaculture.Table of ContentsSector Planning. Sector Management. Project Management.

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Book SynopsisBivalve Molluscs is an extremely comprehensive book covering all major aspects of this important class of invertebrates. As well as being an important class biologically and ecologically, many of the bivalves are fished and cultured commercially (e.g. mussels, oysters, scallops and clams) in a multi--billion dollar worldwide industry.Trade Review "Although written for undergraduates, its wealth of infomation, data and extensive reference list will be of value to graduate students, academics and aquaculturists, fisheries laboratories and statutory bodies, and commercial aquaculture companies." CAB Abstracts, 2005. "The motivation to write this book came when the author realized that there was no single text covering all aspects of the biology, ecology and culture of bivalve molluscs, despite their economic importance. This long-awaited volume is an admirable acheivement of the ambition to meet this need... a valuable addition to marine sciences libraries everywhere. The back cover of this book says that it is a landmark text that will stand for many years as the standard work on this subject. I can only agree with this sentiment." Ian Laing, Aquaculture, 2004. "The book is a welcome addition to the literature and provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of biological and environmental factors that affect and control both natural populations of marine bivalves and culture operations. The book will prove to be a good text for undergraduates and it could inspire some of them to undertake careers in the field of molluscan biology." Neil Bourne, Aquaculture International, 2003. "I found this a most readable book that presents a comprehensive overview of commercially important bivalve molluscs... Considerable skill has been shown in reviewing this vast literature." National Shellfish Association Newsletter "This text provides a comprehensive and up-to-date intoduction to the biology, ecology and culture of the bivalve molluscs." Farmers Market Online "Extensively illustrated, the text is presented in a clear, concise, and easy-to-read style and includes up-to-date references and suggestions for further reading." Journal of the American Water Resources Association "The book is very readable, in an easy style. It is well illustrated and there is a wealth of data and statistics presented." Liz Harper, Bulletin of The Malacological Society of London "This large and comprehensive book is a must read, study or digest for anyone involved with the growing or capture of molluscs. While written very much from a North Atlantic cool water perspective, much of the information that the book contains will be of considerable universal value. A most important textbook." Fishing Boat World, April 2004Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. 1. An Introduction to Bivalves. 2. Morphology of Bivalves. 3. Ecology of Bivalves. 4. How Bivalves Feed. 5. Reproduction, Settlements and Recruitment. 6. Bivalve Growth. 7. Circulation, Respiration, Excretion and Osmoregulation. 8. Fisheries Management of Natural Populations. 9. Bivalve Culture. 10. Genetics in Aquaculture. 11. Diseases and Parasites. 12. Public Health. Subject Index. Species Index

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Book Synopsis* Assessment of fish community structure and dynamics. * Factors constraining stock recruitment. * Fish habitat requirements. * Instream flow needs. * Impact of water resource schemes. * Rehabilitation of river fisheries. * Enhancement of fish stocks.Trade Review"... this text forms a valuable snapshot of activities, concerns and anticipations within the field of the management and ecology of river fisheries... it deserves a place in the library of any organisation concerned with this area of fisheries science." Fisheries Research "Many of the papers included in this volume can be considered excellent case-studies and the review feels that the book would make a valuable addition to the libraries of institutions teaching undergraduate or postgraduate coureses in aquatic ecology, fisheries science/ management or conservation. " Journal of Fish BiologyTable of ContentsPreface.. I: Assessment of fish community structure and dynamics. 1. Selecting gear for monitoring fish assemblages (L.E. Miranda and H.L. Schramm, Jr). 2. Longitudinal hydroacoustic survey of fish in the Elbe River supplemented by direct capture (J. Kubecka J. Frouzova, A. Vilcinskas, C. Wolter and O. Slavik). 3. Relative selectivity of hoopnetting and electric fishing in the Lower Mississippi River (H. L. Schramm, Jr and L.L. Pugh). 4. Relative selectivity of hoopnetting and electric fishing in the Lower Mississippi River (H.L. Schramm, Jr and L.L. Pugh). II: Large river fisheries. 5. The fish community of the River Thames: status, pressures and management (S.N. Hughes and D.J. Willis). 6. Cyclic behaviour of potamodomous fish in large rivers (R. Quiros and J.C. Vidal). 7. Seasonal movements of coarse fish in lowland rivers and their relevance to fisheries management (M.C. Lucas, T. Mercer, G. Peirson and P.A. Frear). 8. Seasonal and diel changes of young-of-the-year fish in the channelised stretch of the Vltava River (Bohemia, Czech Republic) (O. Slavik and L. Bartos). III: Habitat requirements. 9. Trout, summer flows and irrigation canals: a study of habitat condition and trout populations within a complex system (D.J. Walks, H.W. Li and G.H, Reeves). 10. Dynamics of a population of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and fluctuations in physical habitat conditions - experiments on a stream in the pyrenees; first results (V. Gourand, C. Sabaton, P. Baran and P. Lim). 11. Fish habitat associations, community structure, density and biomass in natural and channelised lowland streams in teh catchment o the River Wensum, UK (N.T. Punchard, M.R. Perrow adn A.J.D. Jowit). 12. A methodology to evaluate physical habitat for reproduction of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) and relation with fry recruitment (M. Delacoste, P. Baran and J.-M. Lascaux). IV: Anthropogenic Impacts. 13. Wimbleball Pumped Storage Scheme: integration of water resource management, engineering design and operational control to compliment the needs of the salmonid fisheries in the River Exe (H.T. Sambrook and I.G. Cowx). 14. Impacts of hydraulic engineering on the dynamics and production potential of floodplain fish populations in Bangladesh: implications for management (A.S. Halls, D.D. Hoggarth and K. Debnath). 15. Management of fisheries in rivers used for potable abstractions in drought conditions: public health versus ecology (S. Axford). 16. Impacts of the Ok Tedi copper mine on fish populations in the Fly River System, Papua New Guinea (S. Swales, B.S. Figa, K.A. Bakowa and C.D. tenakanai). 17. Riverine fish stock and regional agronomic responses to hydrological and climatic regins inte the upper Yazoo River basin (D.C. Jackson and Q. Ye). V: Rehabilitation of river fisheries. 18. An assessment of anthropogenic activities son and rehabilitation of river fisheries: current state and future direction (M.C. Lucas and G. Marmulla). 19. Defining and achieving fish habitat rehabilitation in large, low-gradient rivers (P.B. Bayley, K. O'Hara and R. Steel). 20. Watershed analysis and restoration in the siuslaw River, Oregon, USA (N.B Armantrout). 21. Planning implications of a habitat improvement project conducted on a Newfoundland stream (M.C. van Zyll de Jong, I.G. Cowx and D.A. Scruton). 22. Provision for the juvenile stages of coarse fish in river rehabilitation projects (B.P. Hodgson and J.W. Eaton). VI: Management. 23. Principles and approaches for river fisheries management (R.L. Welcomme). 24. Fisheries science and the managerial imperative (P. Hickley and M. Aprahamian). 25. The use of spawning targets for salmon fisher management in England and Wales (N.J. Milner, I.C. Davidson, R.J. Wyatt and M. Aprahamian). 26. The effectiveness of rod and net fishery bye-laws in reducing exploitation of spring salmon on the Welsh Dee (I.C. Davidson, R.J. Cove and N.J. Milner). 27. From sector to system: towards a multidimensional management in the Lower Amazon floodplain (F. Castro and D. McGrath). 28. The role of Nkhotakota Wildlife Reserve, Malawi, Africa, in the conservation of the mpasa, Opsaridium microlepis (Gunther) (D. Teddle). 29. Conservation status, threats and future prospects for the survival of freshwater fishes of the Western Cape Province, South Africa (N.D. Impson and K.C.D. Hamman). 30. Conservation of endangered fish species in the face of water resource development schemes in the Guadiana River, Portugal: harmony of the incompatible (I.B. Cowx and M.J. Collares-Pereira). Subject Index. Species Index.

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Book Synopsisaeo The author, George Matthiessen, has wide experience of commercial oyster production aeo Fully comprehensive information providing a vital reference for al those involved in this business aeo Compares and contrasts the relative merits of oyster culture systems internationally.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Introduction. 1. Salt Ponds. 2. Oyster Biology and Distribution. 3. Early Years. 4. Oyster Culture in the Far East. 5. Developments in Culture techniques. 6. Oyster Culture in the Indo-Pacific Region. 7. Artificial Upwelling. 8. Oyster Culture in Western Europe. 9. Working Around Disease. 10. Oyster Culture in North America. 11. Limits to Oyster Production. 12. Oyster Culture in Tropical Regions. 13. Conclusions. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisIn the sixteen years since the last edition of Von Brant's classic work was published, fishing and fisheries have undergone vast changes. Not only has there been great progress in the development of new tools, materials and techniques, but the industry has seen an increasing need to address controversial issues such as declining fish stocks, enormous quantities of bycatch and discard and the impact of towed fishing gear on the environment. Fully revised and updated to reflect such changes, the fourth edition of this widely read and popular book offers: A unique, comprehensive survey of the evolution of fishing methods throughout the world Approximately 750 illustrations showing the extensive range of methods, techniques and equipment used in fishing across the globe Fishing gear classified according to the FAO system Additional chapters: Fishing Effects on Fish Stocks and Environment and Fishery and Gear Research All researchers, Trade Review"For those not familiar with the incredible range of gear types and fishing methods being employed, the book should hold a great deal of fascination." Reviews in Fisheries Science, November 2006 "This is a classic and most comprehensive reference available in this very wide subject. It was first published in 1964 and this is the fourth edition...it is undoubtedly a useful book and the best available." Ausmarine, January 2007Table of ContentsChapter one. Catching methods in fisheries; an introduction. Chapter two. Fishing by gathering. Chapter three. Male and female divers. Chapter four. Animals as a help in fisheries. Chapter five. Fish harvesting after stupefying. . Chapter six. Spearing, harpooning and shooting fish. Chapter seven. Fishing with clamps, tongs, rakes and wrenching gear. Chapter eight. Line fishing:basic implements. Chapter nine. Line fishing: gear and methods. Chapter ten. Fishing for sport and recreation. Chapter eleven. Attracting, concentrating and frightening fish. Chapter twelve. Pole-hooks and rippers. Chapter thirteen. Net material and the art of net-making. Chapter fourteen. Natural and artificial shelters. Chapter fifteen. Permanent and temporary barriers. Chapter sixteen. Trapping. . Chapter seventeen. Fishing in the air. Chapter eighteen. Mechanical fishing gear: traps, lines and snares. Chapter nineteen. Gillnetting. . Chapter twenty. Entangling nets. Chapter twenty one. The drive-in fishery. Chapter twenty two. Cover pots and cast nets. Chapter twenty three. Liftnets and fish wheels. Chapter twenty four. From the scoop basket to the stow net. Chapter twenty five. Dredges and beamtrawls. Chapter twenty six. Fishing with bottom trawls. Chapter twenty seven. Trawl fisheries in three dimensions. (Fishing with pelagic trawls). Chapter twenty eight. Seining in fresh and sea water. Chapter twenty nine. Fish shoals and surrounding nets. Chapter thirty. Fishing systems and harvesting machines. Chapter thirty one. Fishery and gear research. Chapter thirty two. Fishing effects on fish stocks and environment. Appendix . Classification of catching methods. A.1 Principles of classification. A.2 Main groups of catching methods. A.3 Revised classification. Bibliography. Subject index. Species and product index

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Book SynopsisFully updated new edition Much new information on fertilisation, feeding, stocking, pond aeration Authors are well known for their work on these species Carp and other cyprinids are of huge commercial importance.Trade Review"...[this book] is not matched by anythng else available and is a 'must' for practical aquaculturists" (Aquaculture News, April 2002) "The book is very easy to read... gives you a real insight on the subject. The authors have many years of experience farming the species they write about." (Aquaculture Magazine, 2002)Table of ContentsThe Authors. Preface. Preface to the Second Edition. Acknowledgements. 1 Introduction. Characteristics of Carp Farming. Historical Background of Carp Husbandry. The Development of Cyprinid Farming in Europe. Current Status. 2 The Principles of Carp Farming. Ecological Characteristics. Growth of Carp in Fish Ponds. The Farming Cycle. Farm Production. Planning and Stocking of Ponds. The Fish Farm. The Ponds. 3 The Technology of Seed Production. Extensive Methods. Development of Propagation Methods. Broodstock Maintenance. Preparation of Broodstock for Artificial Propagation. Stripping and Fertilising the Eggs. Egg Incubation. Control of the Hatching Process. Larval Rearing in the Hatchery. 4 The Technology of Fry Rearing. Selection and Preparation of Ponds. Transporting and Stoking of Feeding Fry (Larvae). The Development of the Plankton Population. ‘Two' Step Rearing. 'Single' Step Rearing. 5 The Annual Cycle of Carp HusbandryL Ongrowing Fingerling Fish to Market Size. Pond Preparation. Fertilising and Natural Food Development. Stocking and Transportation. Supplementary Feeding. Yield Estimation and Sample Fishing. Oxygen Supply. Health Control. Autumn Harvesting and Sorting. Wintering as a Technological Operation. 6 The Propagation of Other Pond Fish Species. The Propagation and Rearing of Herbivorous Fish. The Propagation and Rearing of Tench. The Propagation and Rearing of Pike. The Propagation and Rearing of Zander (Pike Perch). The Propagation and Rearing of Wels Catfish. The Propagation and Rearing of Goldfish. The Propagation of African Catfish. The Propagation of Sterlet. Appendix 1 - Reproduction Biology of Pond Fish. Appendix 2 - Hatchery Propagation of Pond Fish. Appendix 3 - Fry Rearing in Farm Ponds. Appendix 4 - Yield of Carp (in monoculture) in Farm Ponds. Appendix 5 - Yield of Carp (in monoculture) in Farm Ponds (semi-intensive management). Appendix 6 - Yield of Fish Ponds Under Extensive Management (polyculture). Appendix 7 - Yield of Fish Ponds under Semi-intensive Management (polyculture). Appendix 8 - Long-term Treatments in Pond Conditions (without water exchange). Appendix 9 - Rapid Treatments of Fish in Tanks. Index

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Book Synopsis* Contributions from around the world. * Carefully edited by internationally respected editor. * Has been generated from acclaimed HIFI Symposium. .Table of ContentsPreface. I: Stock assessment for management purposes. 1. Hydroacoustic fish stock assessment in lakes in England and Wales (S. Hughes and J. Hateley). 2. The use of split-beam echosounder for fisheries assessment in reservoirs: necessity for validation (N. Cadic, P. Irz and C. Argillier). 3. Estimation of the fish yield potential of lakes in north-east Germany (U. Bramick). 4. Effects of area and location on pikeperch yields in Finnish lakes (J. Lappalainen and T. Malinen). 5. Fish stock assessment of Lake Schulen, Flanders: a comparison between 1988a dn 1999 (I. Simoens, J. Breine, H. Verreycken and C. Belpaire). 6. Ecology of European whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, in two Austrian lakes in relation to fisheries management and lake productivity (J. Wanzenbock, H. Gassner, Y. Hassan, B. Lahnsteiner and G. Hauseder). 7. Fisheries of lake Victoria: an underwater perspective (R. Tumwebaze, A. Getabu, J. Bayona, D. MacLennan and I.G. Cowx). 8. Analysis of exploitation patterns for Nile perch, Lates niloticus, in Lake Victoria (O.C. Mkumbo, C. Ezekiel, Y.L. Budeba and I.G. Cowx). 9. Recent trends in the Lake Victoria fisheries assessed by ECOPATH (M.C. Villanueva and J. Moreau). 10. Fish population structure and its relation to fisheries yield in small reservoirs in Cote d'Ivoire (L. Tito de Morais). 11. Review of the fisheries in the Brazilian portion of the parana/pantanal basin (M. Petrere Jr, A.A. Agostinho, E.K. Okada and H.F. Julio Jr). 12. Fish and fisheries of Kaptai Reservoir, Bangladesh (G.C. Haldar, K.K. Ahmed, M. Alamgir, J.N. Akhter and M.K. Rahman). II: Anthropogenic activities/rehabilitation and mitigation. 13. Coexistence of introduced Perca fluviatilis and Coregonus lavaretus in Santa Croce Lake (Italy), and propositions for fishery management (R. Loro and A. Mamcarz). 14. Compensatory responses of fish populations in a shallow eutrophic lake to heavy depredation pressure by cormorants and the implications for management (J.R. Britton, J.P. Harvey, I.G. Cowx, T. Holden, M.J. Feltham, B.R. Wilson and J.M. Davies). 15. Restoration of Ormesby Broad through biomanipulation: ecological, technical and sociological issues (M.L. Tomlinson, M.R. Perrow, D. Hoare, J.-A. Pitt, S. Johnson, C. Wilson and D. Alborough). 16. Impacts and subsequent control of an introduced predator: the case of pike, Esox lucius, in Chew Valley Lake (A.Ibbotson and C. Kell). 17. The potential to control fish community structure using preference for different spawning substrates in a temperate reservoir (M. Zalewski and P. Frankiewicz). 18. Fish ecology and conservation in Lake Banyles (Spain): the neglected problem of exotic species (E. Garcia-Berthou and R. Moreno-Amich). 19. Conservation of the endangered whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, population of Haweswater, UK (I.J. Winfield, J.M. Fletcher and D.K. Winfield). 20. Fish community and habitat changes in the artificially stocked fishery of Lake Naivasha, Kenya (P. Hickley and D. Harper). 21. Is the invasion of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes Solms (Mart.), a blessing to Lake Victoria fisheries (M. Njiru, A.N. Othina, A. Getabu, D. Tweddle and I.G. Cowx). III: Management. 22. Managing the exploitation of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), populations in Newfoundland lakes (M.C. van Zyll de Jong, N.P. Lester, R.M. Korver, W. Norris and B.L. Wicks). 23. Factors affecting the performance of stillwater coarse fisheries in England and Wales (R. North). 24. Management of fisheries in a large lake - for fish and fishermen (T. Vehanen, M. Marttunen, H. Tervo, P. Kylmala and P. Hyvarinen). 25. Fishery management practices in French lakes (C. Argillier, O. Pronier and T. Changeux). 26. Fisheries and fisheries management on lake Peipsi-Pihkva (T. Saat, V. Vaino, E. Afanasje and N. Koncevaja). 27. Role of non-exploited fishery resources in Sri Lankan reservoirs as a source of food for cage aquaculture (U.S. Amarasinghe, P.A.D. Ajith Kumara and M.H.S. Ariyaratne). 28. Potential species for fishery enhancement in Lake Fae, Cote d' Ivoire (K.S. da Costa, K. Traore and W. Yte). 29. Pelagic cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi/Nyasa:biology, managemetn and conservation (G.F. Turner, R.L. Robinson, B.P. Ngatunga, P.W. Shaw and G.R. Carvalho). 30. Unsustainable tendencies and the fisheries of Lake Victoria (K. Crean, R. Abila, C. Lwenya, R. Omwega, F. Omwenga, A. Atai, J. Gonga, A. Nyapendi, K. Odongkara, M. Medard, P. Onyango and K. Geheb). 31. Principles and approaches to the management of lake and reservoir fisheries (I.G. Cowx). Subject Index. Species Index.

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Book SynopsisFish from inland waters provide a major source of animal protein, particularly in areas far removed from the sea. The current high demand for fish, and the increased awareness of the role of the environment in supporting human well being, have led to a situation where attitudes to inland water resources are rapidly changing.Trade Review"... of great use to the practitioner who needs one easy-to-use source of more detailed references." (Fish and Fisheries) "Inland fisheries are a complex subject that is well covered in this first rate book." (Fishing Boat World) "This book bridges the gap between books on aquaculture and those on fisheries from our ocean waters. It will serve as an essential reference for those involved in inland fisheries management" (Aquaculture Magazine)Table of ContentsAuthorship. Acknowledgements. Guidelines. 1. Introduction. Resource availability. Political and economic climate. The changing situation of fisheries. A new vision for management. 2. Objectives. Objectives for the fishery. Regional differences in management strategy. 3. The Nature of Inland Waters. Types of inland water. 4. The Nature of Fish Populations. Fish populations in different types of inland water. The size structure of fish populations. Dynamics of fish populations. Biomass and production. Migration and movements. Responses of fish populations to stress. 5 The Fisherman and the Fishery. The fisherman and society. 6 Fishing Techniques. Types of fishing regime. Fishing technology. Social and policy implications of fishing technology. Seasonality of fishing. 7 Fish Utilization. Fish as food and nutrition. Fish preservation. Marketing. 8 Resource Evaluation. Stock assessment. Catch assessment. Analysis of markets. Analysis of consumption. Area-catch studies. Environmental data. 9 Social and Economic Evaluation. Evaluation of the social and institutional context of a fishery. Sampling. 10 Integrating Information. Resource mapping. Geographical information systems. Summary and conclusions. 11 Fishery Management. Social and policy consideration. Strategies for regulation of fisheries. Measures for regulation. 12 Environmental Management. Other users of the inland water resource. Impacts of other users. Remedial measures. Basin planning. 13 Enhancement. Techniques for enhancement. Summary of enhancement strategies. Cost effectiveness. 14 Mitigation and Rehabilitation. Objectives of rehabilitation. Habitat requirements of fish. Protection of water quality. Control and use of vegetation. Rehabilitation of lakes and reservoirs. Rehabilitation of rivers. 15 Biodiversity and Conservation Issues. Importance of biodiversity. Management of biodiversity. 16 Legislation. International instruments. National legislation. Regional legislation. 17 Conclusion. Changing patterns for the resource. Monitoring. Needs for participatory management. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisOver recent years there have been major advances in the application of molecular, biotechnological and genetic techniques to a wide range of aquatic species. Until now, many working in a hands--on capacity in the area of aquaculture have not known what the benefits of this work could be to them.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. 1 Overview. 2 Gene Action I: Qualitative Traits. 3 Gene Action II: Inheritance of Quantitative Traits. 4 Selection and Realized Heritability. 5 Inbreeding, Crossbreeding and Hybridization. 6 Chromosomal Genetics I: Gynogenesis and Androgenesis. 7 Chromosomal Genetics II: Polyploidy. 8 Sex Determination and Control. 9 Control and Induction of Maturation and Spawning. 10 Transgenic Aquatic Organisms. 11 Genetic Threats to Wild Stocks and Ecosystems. Index.

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Book SynopsisAs the worlda s population and the demand for seafood increase, the production of seafood from aquaculture has also seen massive increase and is set to continue. With wild stocks of many molluscan species depleted, aquaculture is firmly recognised as the means now, and for the future, of bridging the gap between the supply and demand of seafood.Trade Review"This book should provide valuable information to commercial growers, students and others involved in molluscan aquaculture" Aquaculture MagazineTable of ContentsAcknowledgements. Introduction;. Bivalve cultivation in the UK: structuring influences. General biology of bivalves with respect to cultivation. Hatchery culture of bivalve larvae and juveniles. Cultivation of hatchery-reared oysters in the sea. Clam cultivation. Oyster cultivation. Mussel cultivation. Scallop cultivation. Abalone cultivation. Bivalve predators and their control. Criteria for selecting a site for bivalve cultivation. Processing live bivalves for consumption. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisAn ordinary eighteenth-century New England woman, Hannah Heaton left an extraordinary document as her legacy. Over a period of 40 years, from the Great Awakening through the Revolutionary War, this farm wife and mother kept a diary recounting her experiences. Now published for the first time, Heaton''s diary offers an unparalleled revelation of one American woman''s experience of the birth of the nation. Much of her diary records Heaton''s spiritual struggles, beginning with her conversion during the Great Awakening and her separation from the established Congregational church. Pious by nature, she recalls her childhood fears of the devil, who at night tempted her away from prayer and told her in a whisper to hang herself. Deeply concerned over her own salvation and that of those she loved, Heaton found comfort in the act of writing, feeling that such self-examination brought her closer to God. Hannah Heaton was devoutly religious and intensely self-aware. Trade Review"Heaton's powerful portrait is one of a kind. It opens a window into a woman's consciousness and conscience, illuminating her complex, tormented inner life. This marvelous text is full of riches."—Michael McGiffert, College of William and Mary "Hannah Heaton's rare and wonderful diary is a great boon to scholars of early America, gender and family relations, and popular religion."—Cornelia Hughes Dayton, University of ConnecticutTable of ContentsTable of Contents Foreword by James W. Campbell Introduction 1. 1721-1740: Childhood Memories—A Young Girl 2. 1741-1749: The Great Awakening—Her Conversion—Her Twenties 3. 1750-1759: French and Indian War—Encounters with Satan—Trial for Breach of the Sabbath—Her Thirties 4. 1760-1769: Dissenting Ministers—Her Forties 5. 1770-1775: Sermons—The Moses Paul Execution—Beginnings of the American Revolution—Her Early Fifties 6. 1776-1779: Her Sons and the Revolution—Her Late Fifties 7. 1780-1789: Her Reading—Hopes for the Second Coming—Her Sixties 8. 1790-1793: Her Husband's Death—Revivals—Final Thoughts—Her Seventies Appendix: Letters to and from Family and Friends, 1750-1792 Notes Index

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Book SynopsisElmer G. Powers and his family managed to survive the Depression, in part because Quietdale Farm is located on rich land in Boone County, Iowa. The problems he confronted—collapsing markets, drought, and sometimes misdirected governmental efforts—were felt by countless others, many of whom lost their farms. First published in 1976 and now revised and reissued with a new introduction by Katherine Jellison, Years of Struggle documents one farmer''s experiences during a period of national upheaval.Trade Review"An extraordinary piece of Americana."—Gilbert C. Fite, Pacific Northwest Quarterly "This diary of an ordinary farmer... is the next best thing to personal experience in creating a 'feel' for the period."—Lauren Soth, Agricultural History "The value of this book-and it is considerable-rests on its uniqueness."—Roy V. Scott, HistoryTable of ContentsTable of Contents Introduction: Katherine Jellison / Introduction: H. Roger Grant and L. Edward Purcell 1 Day by Day on the Farm: 1931–1932 2 Coming of the New Deal: 1933–1934 3 Owner-Operator: 1935 4 Drifts, Debts, and Drought: 1936 Epilogue Notes Index

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Book SynopsisGeneralized Linear Mixed Models in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Sciences provides readers with an understanding and appreciation for the design and analysis of mixed models for non-normally distributed data. It is the only publication of its kind directed specifically toward the agricultural and natural resources sciences audience. Readers will especially benefit from the numerous worked examples based on actual experimental data and the discussion of pitfalls associated with incorrect analyses.

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Book SynopsisNorth American Agroforestry Explore the many benefits of alternative land-use systems with this incisive resource Humanity has become a victim of its own success. While we've managed to meet the needsto one extent or anotherof a large portion of the human population, we've often done so by ignoring the health of the natural environment we rely on to sustain our planet. And by deteriorating the quality of our air, water, and land, we've put into motion consequences we'll be dealing with for generations. In the newly revised Third Edition of North American Agroforestry, an expert team of researchers delivers an authoritative and insightful exploration of an alternative land-use system that exploits the positive interactions between trees and crops when they are grown together and bridges the gap between production agriculture and natural resource management. This latest edition includes new material on urban food forests, as well as the air and soil qu

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Book SynopsisModeling Processes and Their Interactions in Cropping Systems A complete discussion of soil-plant-climate-management processes In Modeling Processes and Their Interactions in Cropping Systems: Challenges for the 21st Century, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive and up-to-date scientific textbook devoted to teaching the modeling of soil-plant-climate-management processes at the upper undergraduate and graduate levels. The book emphasizes the new opportunities and paradigms available to modern lab and field researchers and aims to improve their understanding and quantification of individual processes and their interactions. The book helps readers quantify field research results in terms of the fundamental theory and concepts broadly generalizable beyond specific sites, as well as predict experimental results from knowledge of the fundamental factors that determine the environment and plant growth in different climates.

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Book SynopsisThe story of cowpea (black-eyed peas) is a fascinating example of how science can solve the world''s biggest problemseven more fascinating is the story of the scientist behind the research. B.B. Singh wrote this book to serve as an accessible summary of cowpea breeding, management,and use. He has devoted his life''s work to solving the protein gap of the Green Revolution in which the emphasis on corn and wheat neglected the protein-rich legumes vital to plant-based nutrition. Today,under his careful tending, cowpea truly has become the food legume of the century. From genetics to recipes, he gives a full account of how cowpea belongs in our global agriculture and in every diet. Along the way, he shares his inspiring story.

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Book SynopsisFunctional foods are foods which contain bioactive components, either from plant or animal sources, which can have health benefits for the consumer over and above their nutritional value.Table of ContentsList of Contributors vii Preface ix I Fundamentals of Functional Food Processing 1 Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Probiotics as Functional Food Components 3 Athapol Noomhorm, Anil Kumar Anal and Imran Ahmad 2 Bioactive Components in Foods 21 Anil Kumar Anal, Kishore K. Kumaree and Mridula Thapa II Major Sources of Functional Foods 3 Processing Effects on Functional Components in Cereals and Grains 63 Binod K. Yadav and J. Jerish Joyner 4 Tropical Fruits 91 Mandeep Kaur and H.K. Sharma 5 Bioactive Compounds in Meat and their Functions 113 Punchira Vongsawasdi and Athapol Noomhorm 6 Bioactive Materials Derived from Seafood and Seafood Processing By-products 139 Ratih Pangestuti and Se-Kwon Kim 7 Food Processing By-products as Sources of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals 159 Nina Karla M. Alparce and Anil Kumar Anal 8 Functionality of Non-starch Polysaccharides (NSPs) 187 Kelvin K.T. Goh, Ramesh Kumar and Shen-Siung Wong 9 Resistant Starch: Properties, Preparations and Applications in Functional Foods 227 Taslima Ayesha Aktar Nasrin and Anil Kumar Anal 10 Isoflavones – Extraction and Bioavailability 255 Khoomtong Atcharaporn, Pananun Thawunporn and Buddhi Lamsal III Processing Effects on the Functional Components during Product Development 11 Thermal and Non-thermal Processing of Functional Foods 297 Jiraporn Sripinyowanich Jongyingcharoen and Imran Ahmad 12 Changes of Properties and Functional Components of Extruded Foods 325 Vilai Rungsardthong 13 Recent Advances in Applications of Encapsulation Technology for the Bioprotection of Phytonutrients in Complex Food Systems 363 Alisha Tuladhar and Anil Kumar Anal 14 The Effect of Irradiation on Bioactive Compounds in Plant and Plant Products 387 Nantarat Na Nakornpanom and Porntip Sirisoontaralak 15 Nanoparticles and Nanoemulsions 405 Anges Teo, Kelvin K.T. Goh and Sung Je Lee IV Health Benefits and Bioavailability of Functional Foods 16 Pharmacology and Health Benefits of Bioactive Food Sources 439 Maushmi S. Kumar and Shruti Mishra 17 Potential Cardio-protective Effects of Functional Foods 463 Eman M. Alissa and Gordon A. Ferns Index 489

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Book SynopsisPart of the new IFST Advances in Food Science Series, Seafood Processing: Technology, Quality and Safety covers the whole range of current processes which are applied to seafood, as well as quality and safety aspects. The first part of the book (Processing Technologies') covers primary processing, heating, chilling, freezing, irradiation, traditional preservation methods (salting, drying, smoking, fermentation, etc), frozen surimi and packaging. The subjects of waste management and sustainability issues of fish processing are also covered. In the second part (Quality and Safety Issues'), quality and safety analysis, fish and seafood authenticity and risk assessment are included. Table of ContentsAbout the IFST Advances in Food Science Book Series xiii List of Contributors xv Preface xix 1 Introduction to Seafood Processing – Assuring Quality and Safety of Seafood 1 Ioannis S. Boziaris 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Seafood spoilage 2 1.3 Seafood hazards 2 1.4 Getting the optimum quality of the raw material 3 1.5 Seafood processing 4 1.6 Quality, safety and authenticity assurance 6 1.7 Future trends 6 References 7 Part I Processing Technologies 9 2 Shellfish Handling and Primary Processing 11 Yi-Cheng Su and Chengchu Liu 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Shellfish harvesting 13 2.3 Bivalve shellfish handling 18 2.4 Shellfish primary processing 21 2.5 Bivalve shellfish depuration 23 2.6 Shellfish labelling 27 2.7 Conclusion 27 Acknowledgements 28 References 28 3 Chilling and Freezing of Fish 33 Flemming Jessen, Jette Nielsen and Erling Larsen 3.1 Introduction 33 3.2 Post-mortem changes at chilled storage temperatures 34 3.3 Effect of freezing temperatures on quality-related processes 37 3.4 Fresh fish chain 41 3.5 Frozen fish chain 46 3.6 Legislation 54 3.7 Recommendations 54 References 55 4 Heat Processing of Fish 61 Dagbjørn Skipnes 4.1 Introduction 61 4.2 Basic principles 61 4.3 Best available technology for thermal processing of fish 62 4.4 Quality changes during heat treatment of fish 63 Acknowledgement 75 References 75 5 Irradiation of Fish and Seafood 83 Ioannis S. Arvanitoyannis and Persefoni Tserkezou 5.1 Introduction 83 5.2 Quality of irradiated fish and fishery products and shelf life extension 84 5.3 Microflora of irradiated fish and fishery products 101 5.4 Conclusions 120 References 120 6 Preservation of Fish by Curing 129 Sigurjon Arason, Minh Van Nguyen, Kristin A. Thorarinsdottir and Gudjon Thorkelsson 6.1 Introduction 129 6.2 Salting 130 6.3 Marinating 143 6.4 Smoking 146 References 151 7 Drying of Fish 161 Minh Van Nguyen, Sigurjon Arason and Trygve Magne Eikevik 7.1 Introduction 161 7.2 Principles of drying 161 7.3 Drying methods 163 7.4 Changes in fish muscle during drying 166 7.5 Packing and storage of dried fish products 169 References 170 8 Fish Fermentation 177 Somboon Tanasupawat and Wonnop Visessanguan 8.1 Definition of the term fermentation in food technology 177 8.2 Fermented foods worldwide 178 8.3 Lactic acid fermentation 179 8.4 Traditional salt/fish fermentation 180 8.5 Future trends in fish fermentation technology 197 References 199 9 Frozen Surimi and Surimi-based Products 209 Emiko Okazaki and Ikuo Kimura 9.1 Fish material for frozen surimi 209 9.2 Principles and process of frozen surimi production 209 9.3 Characteristics of fish material and manufacturing technology 219 9.4 Denaturation of fish protein by freezing and its prevention 223 9.5 Evaluation of surimi quality 228 9.6 Surimi-based products 231 9.7 Future prospective 232 References 233 10 Packaging of Fish and Fishery Products 237 Bert Noseda, An Vermeulen, Peter Ragaert and Frank Devlieghere 10.1 Introduction 237 10.2 MAP principles and importance for packaging fresh fish 238 10.3 Non-microbial effects of MAP 242 10.4 Effects of MAP on fish spoilage 243 10.5 Effects of MAP on the microbial safety of fish products 248 10.6 Application of MAP on fish and fishery products 250 10.7 Packaging materials and future developments 253 References 255 11 Fish Waste Management 263 Ioannis S. Arvanitoyannis and Persefoni Tserkezou 11.1 Introduction 263 11.2 Treatment methods 265 11.3 Uses of fish waste 291 11.4 Inputs and outputs in fisheries 296 References 304 Electronic Sources 309 12 Fish Processing Installations: Sustainable Operation 311 George M. Hall and Sevim K¨ose 12.1 Introduction 311 12.2 Assessment tools 313 12.3 Process operations 319 12.4 Production efficiency 333 12.5 On-board processing 334 12.6 Conclusions 338 References 339 13 Value-added Seafood 343 Michael Morrissey and Christina DeWitt 13.1 Introduction 343 13.2 Value-added product development 344 13.3 Market-driven 345 13.4 Values-driven 347 13.5 Health-driven 348 13.6 Resource-driven 350 13.7 Technology-driven 350 13.8 Conclusions 354 References 354 Part II Quality and Safety Issues 359 14 Seafood Quality Assessment 361 J¨org Oehlenschl¨ager 14.1 Why is quality assessment of aquatic animals multifarious and complex? 361 14.2 Fish composition 362 14.3 Fish freshness 365 14.4 Sensory methods 367 14.5 Chemical methods 370 14.6 Physical methods 374 14.7 Instrumental methods and automation 374 14.8 Imaging technologies and machine vision 380 14.9 Conclusion 380 References 381 15 Microbiological Examination of Seafood 387 Ioannis S. Boziaris and Foteini F. Parlapani 15.1 Introduction 387 15.2 Seafood microbiology 388 15.3 Microbiological parameters of seafood analysis 389 15.4 Microbiological analysis using conventional culture techniques 392 15.5 Microbiological examination using indirect rapid methods 399 15.6 Microscopy based rapid methods 401 15.7 Immuno-based techniques 402 15.8 Molecular methods for microbial determination 402 15.9 Conclusions 408 References 408 16 Fish and Seafood Authenticity – Species Identification 419 F´atima C. Lago, Mercedes Alonso, Juan M. Vieites and Montserrat Espi˜neira 16.1 Molecular techniques applied to seafood authentication 419 16.2 Molecular techniques based on protein analysis 423 16.3 Molecular techniques based on DNA analysis 430 References 440 17 Assuring Safety of Seafood – Risk Assessment 453 John Sumner, Catherine McLeod and Tom Ross 17.1 Introduction 453 17.2 Differentiating risk from hazard 454 17.3 Hazards, risks and food safety risk assessment 456 17.4 Hazard Identification/Risk Profile 458 17.5 Exposure assessment 459 17.6 Hazard Characterization 462 17.7 Risk Characterization 465 17.8 Qualitative Risk Assessment 466 17.9 Semi-quantitative Risk Assessment 466 17.10 Quantitative Risk Assessment 468 17.11 Reality check 468 17.12 Uncertainty and variability 469 17.13 Data gaps 470 17.14 Risk management approaches 470 17.15 Final thoughts 473 References 474 Index 479

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